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A MARATHON runner will be putting his feet up this Christmas after completing an incredible and emotional challenge.
Ulen Neale from Stanford in the Vale near Wantage, finished his 12th marathon this year on Sunday in memory of his late mother and brother.
Mr Neale, 41, ran the Portsmouth Coastal marathon in a time of five hours and 25 minutes, completing his 12 in 12 in 12 challenge – to finish 12 marathons in 12 months in 2012.
The Oxford Computer Consultant employee has raised over £2,000 to split equally between Sobell House Hospice in Headington, and Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis (PSC) Support.
The charities are both close to his heart – his mother Thérèse passed away aged 69 at the hospice last year after being diagnosed with ovarian cancer.
His brother Carl, died aged 31 in 1997 from PSC, the degenerative liver disease.
Mr Neale said: "It's been a tough challenge this year, and I've enjoyed it immensely. The last race in Portsmouth marks the first anniversary of my mum's passing.
"I couldn't have done it without the support of my friends and family. My girlfriend Jo Yarnall especially has been there at most of the races, acting as my personal chauffeur, cheer squad, and photographer."
During the year Mr Neale occasionally faced adversity and not everything went to plan. He hoped to run the Cambridge Boundary Run in February, but it had been moved and clashed with a race in Cornwall he'd booked in March.
He had also entered the Shakespeare Marathon at the end of April, but it had rained on and off for weeks.
Barely five minutes before the start he found out they had cancelled the event because the course was waterlogged.
He then had to find and schedule in two different marathons to complete the challenge.
Wanting to take part in his home event – the Abingdon Marathon in October, he initially missed the entry when it sold out in record time. Mr Neale put his name down on the waiting list and luckily got in.
As well as the full marathons he also completed the Oxford Half Marathon in one hour, 56 minutes and 33 seconds and participated in two fun runs.
With all the races Mr Neale actually finishes the year on 2012km or 1,250 miles.
Speaking after his final race, he said: "It's weird to have finished. My dad and sisters were there at the finish to cheer me through. It has been an emotional weekend."
- For more details, race reports and photos or to sponsor Mr Neale visit 12in12in12.com


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Evening classes canceled Feb. 7, 2018. Learn more.
Home | Academics | Our Schools | Conservatory of Performing Arts | Conservatory News & Features
Point Park President Paul Hennigan visits with Point Park alumni who returned to campus to conduct a master class. From left to right: "Mary Poppins" cast member Carol Angeli Dillard and alumni Case Dillard, Eric Hatch and Shua Potter.
Eric Hatch, a 2004 dance grad from Point Park who is touring the country with Disney's Mary Poppins, provided an overview of his career path during a recent question and answer session on campus with other alums from the show.
After a year at Tokyo Disneyland, Hatch performed on Broadway in Legally Blonde, The Pirate Queen and the 2009 revival of West Side Story. He's making his tour debut with Mary Poppins and "loving every minute of it," he told students.
Shua Potter, who graduated in 2004 with a B.F.A. in theatre arts, performed with Pittsburgh Musical Theatre, Quantum Theatre and Pittsburgh Public Theater while living here. He moved to New York City in 2006 and joined Mary Poppins in 2008.
Potter told students to "live in the moment" when dancing in numbers they must do days, weeks, months, even years at a time.
"You can have the same blocking, the same energy but make it different every night by playing off others in the cast," he said. It's important to keep things fresh both for you and the audience, he reminded students.
Although many were from the Conservatory of Performing Arts, students from throughout the University participated in the Q&A.
Many asked questions about moving to New York City, auditioning, taking additional classes and holding second jobs. "Audition for everything you can and don't take rejection personally. It's not about you," said Potter, among other things.
Other students wanted to discuss importance of having an agent and/or an Equity card early.
Being represented might help you skip cattle calls, but it's not necessary to get started, said Dillard. And it's not necessary to rush to get an Equity card. You can work without it, he added.
"Just keep picking up skills."
And how do you keep getting hired once you get a start?
"Be confident. Be on time. Be prepared. Be warmed up. And be nice to every person you meet," said Hatch, points echoed by the other alumni and fellow cast member Debra Cardona, who joined the Q&A.
The questions went on for more than an hour with neither the professionals nor the students seeming to want it to end.
"Any advice for freshmen and new students?" someone asked.
"Just take advantage of everything Point Park has to offer," said Hatch. "You will always look back to your days as a student here."
Directions to Campus
Faculty & Staff |
Current Students
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| Directory | Library | Give
Site Map | Contact Us | Directions to Campus | Careers at Point Park | Privacy Policy & Legal Statement
© Copyright Point Park University | 201 Wood Street Pittsburgh, PA 15222-1984 | 412-391-4100

subset: commoncrawl


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GAP Member Projects
The following are some examples of how Ada is being used in Academic projects by GAP members around the world.
Flight Software for Lunar IceCube Satellite
Vermont Technical College
The Lunar IceCube project is a major hardware/software development effort that will use the GNAT Pro and SPARK language toolsets to help achieve the high reliability required for space missions. Sponsored by NASA through their NextSTEP initiative ("Next Space Technologies for Exploration Partnerships"), Vermont Tech's flight software development is part of a lunar exploration program that is being administered by Morehead State University. Lunar IceCube is a follow-on to an earlier NASA-sponsored Vermont Tech project, also developed using GNAT Pro and SPARK, that has been successfully transmitting data from an earth-orbiting CubeSat since its launch in November 2013.Continue Reading »
Verified Robot Control Software
Bristol University (Bristol, UK)
At the University of Bristol and at the Bristol Robotics Laboratory we want to trust our robots. We develop their control software in Ada/SPARK and verify it using the latest technology from AdaCore. Within the RIVERAS project (Robust Integrated Verification of Autonomous Systems) we aim to create systems that behave predictable even in the face of unpredicted events.Continue Reading »
The Muen Separation Kernel
HSR University of Applied Sciences Rapperswil Switzerland
The Muen Kernel, developed at The Institute for Internet Technologies and Applications at the University of Applied Science in Rapperswil (Switzerland), enforces a strict and robust isolation of components to shield security-critical functions from vulnerable software running on the same physical system. To achieve the necessary level of trustworthiness, the Muen team used the SPARK language and toolset to formally prove the absence of run-time errors.Continue Reading »
Lunar CubeSat
Vermont Technical College
Vermont Technical College successfully launched a lunar cube satellite into orbit. The CubeSat's navigation and control software was developed in SPARK/Ada using AdaCore's GNAT Programming Studio (GPS) IDE and GNAT Pro compiler and exploiting Altran's SPARK toolset to prove the absence of run-time errors.Continue Reading »
Trusted Key Manager for IKEv2
HSR University of Applied Sciences Rapperswil Switzerland
IPsec relies on the correct operation of the Internet Key Exchange (IKE) protocol to meet its security goals. The implementation of IKE is a non-trivial task and results in a large and complex code base. This makes it hard to gain a high degree of confidence in the correct operation of the code.Continue Reading »
SPARK in Formal Verification Research
Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas (US)
Prof. John Hatcliff and his team at Kansas State University's Static Analysis and Transformation of Software (SAnToS) Laboratory have found the SPARK language technology to be an ideal research vehicle for exploring novel techniques in formal program verification.Continue Reading »
Peer-to-Peer Epi-Transport Protocol
University of Udine
The DSP group at the University of Udine is developing PPETP (Peer-to-Peer Epi-Transport Protocol), a new streaming protocol based on a peer-to-peer approach that will allow to distribute efficiently live multimedia material to a large number of users.Continue Reading »
Undergraduate Ada Projects - Gliding in Space
The Australian National University
At The Australian National University, students from the 2011 class in Concurrent and Distributed Systems provide an example of the high performance code they developed in undergraduate courses.Continue Reading »
Real-Time Software Development with GNAT for Mindstorms
University of Adelaide Australia
Final year students, Leighton Earl & Oliver Francis Roch, from The University of Adelaide undertook a project to create a system with both safety-critical and real-time components using GNAT Ada and Lego Mindstorms NXT.Continue Reading »
Ironsides Secure DNS Server
United States Air Force Academy
Dr. Martin C. Carlisle, the director of the Academy Center for Cyberspace Research at the United States Air Force Academy has developed a secure DNS server using Ada and the SPARK formal methods tool set.Continue Reading »
Real-Time control of a Model Railway System
Western Washington University (Bellingham, Washington, US)
At Western Washington University, students are using Ada in senior capstone projects on real-time control of a model railway system.Continue Reading »
Real-Time System Development in Ada using LEGO MINDSTORMS NXT
Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (Madrid, Spain)
Universidad Politécnica de Madrid finds the LEGO MINDSTORMS kit and the GNAT GPL Edition for MINDSTORMS an ideal platform to allow students of embedded & real-time systems analyze, develop and implement a real-time system in Ada.Continue Reading »
Battling Robots: European Robotics Cup
Telecom ParisTech (Paris, France)
Telecom Robotics' mission is to provide a robotics-focused forum where students can learn, share knowledge, and innovate. To help realize this goal, the group competes in the European Robotics Cup.Continue Reading »
ECHO: A Practical Approach to Formal Verification
University of Virginia (USA)
At the University of Virginia, Ada lies at the core of a comprehensive approach to creating software for safety-critical applications. Dr. John Knight and his student, Xiang Yin, have created a practical approach to formal verification called Echo.Continue Reading »
Serafina Autonomous Mini Submersible
The Australian National University (Canberra, Australia)
At the Australian National University (ANU), Ada plays an integral part in teaching and research, at both the undergraduate and graduate levels. Dr. Uwe Zimmer has been using Ada, with the GNAT technology on Linux, Windows, Mac, and Embedded MPC5554, in two major courses.Continue Reading »
Arctic Sea Ice Buoy and CubeSat Projects
Vermont Technical College (USA)
Under the direction of Professors Carl Brandon and Peter Chapin, students at Vermont Technical College are using AdaCore's GNAT development environment along with Praxis' SPARK tools on two NASA-sponsored programs with large software components.Continue Reading »
Dasher! – A Racing Robot in Ada
Mälardalen University (Västerås, Sweden)
Under the direction of Professor Lars Asplund, graduate students at Mälardalen University are designing, building and programming the Dasher robot in a project that is pushing the limits of robotics technology. The software is being developed with AdaCore's GNAT toolset on Wind River Systems' VxWorks real-time operating system.Continue Reading »


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Suspect in Brussels Jewish Museum Shooting Arrested
PARIS (AP) — A man has been arrested in southeast France in the investigation of a shooting at a Jewish museum in Brussels that left at least three people dead, the Paris prosecutor's office said Sunday.
Amid reports that the suspect had joined Islamic extremists in Syria before returning to Europe, French President Francois Hollande promised Sunday to fight homegrown radicals who return from the war-ravaged Middle Eastern country with violent plans.
European authorities have struggled to stem the flow of young Europeans who are joining the fight in Syria against President Bashar Assad, and are especially afraid that they will stage attacks when they get home.
The suspect was arrested Friday during a customs inspection at a train and bus station in the port city of Marseille, an official with the Paris prosecutor's office said. The man had arrived in Marseille on a bus from Amsterdam that had stopped in Brussels, she said. The man was found to have a revolver and an automatic weapon of the same type used in the Brussels shootings May 24, and ballistics analyses are under way to determine if it is the same weapon, she said.
A police official said the suspect is a 29-year-old man from the northern city of Roubaix, near Belgium. Both officials were not authorized to be publicly named when speaking of ongoing investigations. Prosecutors in Paris and Brussels were expected to give a news conference Sunday on the matter. The suspect has been handed to anti-terrorist investigators and could be held at least through Tuesday under French counterterrorism law.
Hundreds of people have left from France alone to fight in Syria's 3-year-old civil war with Islamic extremists. The French government recently introduced new measures to try to stop disaffected youth from leaving in the first place, and better track those who go to Syria and come back. Hollande said those efforts would be "amplified" in the coming months, without elaborating. "The whole government is mobilized to follow the jihadists, and prevent them from being able to cause harm" especially when they come home to France or elsewhere in Europe, he said on an official visit to Normandy.
The Brussels killings, which came on the eve of European parliament elections in which far right parties had a strong showing, led Belgian officials to raise anti-terror measures and raised fears of rising anti-Semitism. Two Israeli citizens and a French citizen were killed. Video of the attack showed an athletic man with cap walking determinedly into the small Jewish Museum. The whole assault took a minute at most.
The European Jewish Congress welcomed the arrest in France and urged European authorities to act faster and more aggressively to prevent such crimes.
The attack and the arrest revived memories of Mohamed Merah, a Frenchman who trained with extremists in Afghanistan and Pakistan, and then attacked a Jewish school and French paratroopers in southern France in 2012. He killed seven people, including three children, before dying in a shootout with police. Those killings rocked France, prompting tougher anti-terrorism measures aimed at better tracking French citizens who pursue extremism abroad.
(Story by: Angela Charlton, The Associated Press)


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These cookies are just delightful! Crispy outside edges with chewy centers. Big coconut flavor & nutty oatmeal texture. I love these! My mother used to make these when I was growing up and she recently gave me her old dog earred recipe card with the faded print and asked me to make them for her. I enthusiastically baked them...and ate them! I'm sure there will be some bakers who look at the fat in the recipe and cringe. It's shortening. Basic white Crisco. I've tried making this same recipe with butter and it did NOT have the same result. They tasted good with butter but the texture was not what I was looking for. The shortening really makes the edges crispy. If you can't bring yourself to use 2 whole cups of Crisco, maybe use 1/2 butter & 1/2 Crisco.
I baked these cookies longer than I normally would because I wanted to achieve the crisp edges that shatter when you bite into the cookie. I made sure they were a deep golden brown before removing them from the oven. The recipe calls for 4 cups of coconut but I had one of those large bags of Bakers coconut that was, I think, about 5 1/2 cups and I just added that whole bag. I knew I wouldn't use the remaning 1 1/2 cups of coconut so I figured more was better in the cookies. The whole bag added was just fine - in fact, delicious. For those of you who love coconut, then please try these! You will love them!
Coconut Cookies
2 cups Crisco
2 cups granulated sugar
2 cups brown sugar
4 eggs
2 teaspoons vanilla
4 cups flour
4 teaspoons baking soda
4 teaspoons baking powder
2 teaspoons salt
4 cups old fashion oats
4 cups coconut (I added about 5 1/2 cups & it was fine)
Oven 350 degrees
Mix all ingredients together in a large bowl with an electric mixer.
Scoop the dough, about a tablespoon per cookie, onto a parchment lined cookie sheet.
Bake until edges are a deep golden brown.
Cookies are very soft & fragile when first emerging from the oven so I let the hot cookies sit for about 10 minutes before sliding the parchment paper, with cookies still on it, onto a cooling rack to cool completely.


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Message Board
Marina Palmer Message Board
Talk about the novels, new and used books that Palmer has written!
Author Palmer's Book Reviews
Kiss and Tango
On a visit to friends in Argentina in 1997, thirty-something New York advertising exec Marina Palmer becomes entranced by the tango. Upon her return to New York, she endeavors to take lessons -- as often as thrice a week -- and spends nights dancing at the various tango haunts around Manhattan. She's unsatisfied in work and love and decides to hit up her parents to subsidize a move to Buenos Aires so she can persue a career as a professional tango dancer...


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You know I have an obsession for all kinds of lip care product so I squealed when I saw these rather clever new Lip Roll On's from The Body Shop!
This is a lip oil – they aren't calling it a lip balm or a lip gloss although admittedly it could be all three. They claim the product is non waxy and non sticky (but it will be, er, oily) and is available from July 2011.
It is made entirely of natural oils and ingredients from around the world and has the rollerball applicator. Ok, ok, so I am sure I have seen this design before for a lip product but I love how The Body Shop one has 5 flavours and is made of natural ingredients!….
There are 5 flavours:
Zesty Orange
Romantic Rose
Berry Goodness
Drift Away Coconut
Revitalising Mint.
As far as I can see they are not tinted. Me? I'm a coconut and mint kinda gal.
Ingredients include Soya Oil from Brazil, Olive Oil from Italy and old favourites like Jojoba oil, Sweet Almond Oil, Sunflower Seed Oil etc.
They look and sound great, I wonder if the rollerball will work well (sometimes they don't) and if the oily texture alone will be enough to provide hydration. I'm also not a fan of the – I've just eaten fried rice and not wiped my mouth look – either and it's a fine line when you use a clear glossy lip product.
We'll see!
These will cost £4 each and it's launched in July 2011.


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8 hours ago in Lifestyle
Uber rolls out safety features for drivers, passengers
Uber is aiming to boost driver and passenger safety in an effort to rebuild trust in the brand.
10 hours ago in Entertainment
Frank Underwood dead in final season of 'House of Cards'
The trailer, released by Netflix on Wednesday, shows Robin Wright, who plays Spacey's screen wife Claire, standing by Frank Underwood's grave and delivering a few emotionless words.
12 hours ago in Entertainment
Handbag Shoulder Body Brown Montte Cowhide Di Large Leather Jinne Italian Cross Clutch 100 Leather Genuine fafvxTqHwO
Markle, 37, who became the Duchess of Sussex when she married Britain's Prince Harry in May, topped the annual list ahead of Hollywood actresses including Cate Blanchett and Sandra Bullock, human rights lawyer Amal Clooney and reality star Kim Kardashian.
13 hours ago in Entertainment
Publisher to celebrate Salinger centennial
Ladies Sequin Bridal Diamante Party Bag Handbag Gift Clutch Purse Wedding Silver For Bag Prom Envelope Women Evening Clubs Tassel Glitter Shoulder Little, Brown and Company announced Tuesday that new editions of "The Catcher in the Rye" and his three other works of fiction — "Franny and Zooey," "Nine Stories" and "Raise High the Roof Beam, Carpenters and Seymour: An Introduction" — would be released in November.
13 hours ago in Entertainment
Kendrick litres 42cm Sapphire Bish Shopping x38cm Small 10 Beach Bag Llama Tote Black Gym Ya 85pP6n8
The "A Quiet Place" star made an appearance on "The Late Show with Stephen Colbert" on Tuesday night where he discussed how he plays the titular character in new Amazon series "Jack Ryan," which is based on Tom Clancy's book series.


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Mondays 6-8pm
The Pumpkin Patch kitchen and garden school, links the growing and cooking of our food, bringing a real understanding of where the food comes from. We grow most of our own fruit and veg in the numerous raised beds cared for by the 'Pumpkin Patchers' themselves.
I just wanted to say that Thomas had an absolute ball on your course last Saturday afternoon. He said 10 out of 10 and when could he go again. Many thanks – I think it was possibly his best birthday present. All the best Julie
01267 290312
Email Me
Allt y Gog Farm, Abergorlech Road, Carmarthen, SA32 7AY
find us on Facebook
follow us on Twitter
see more on YouTube


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Every First Tuesday of the month we join together as a body of MEN to eat, worship and encourage each other! Many men have a dedicated areas of service at the Rock, but this is a special night where we join together from all corners of the church to stand in unity as servant leaders to support each other, encourage each other, and to have genuine community. This night is also for you if you're looking to grow, get connected and find God's purpose for you - we want to help you navigate that course!
6-7 PM: FOOD! Plate dinner special available in the lobby 6-7PM. Cost- donation.
7-8 PM: Worship and Word
8 PM-??: Time for connecting and reconnecting
NEED TO JOIN A LIFE GROUP? We'll help you find one on First Tuesday?
NEED SOME PRAYER OR DIRECTION? We'll pray with you and help you chart a new course to find God's plan for you!
FIRST TUESDAY IS THE NIGHT! Come on out and see what God will do.
As iron sharpens iron, so one man sharpens another. - Prov 27:17


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Made of strong, brightly colored nylon fabric stitched together in eye-catching patterns, the kite measures about 11-1/2" x 19", with a 90' cord on a plastic hand spool, and a 14' tail strung with multicolored swatches of cloth that dance and sway in the breeze. Great windy-day fun for young and old alike.
Ages 3 and up. Colors may vary.


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These are dark days for Research In Motion (RIM) and its BlackBerry brand... or at least dim ones.
The Canadian company is struggling with an increasingly negative market perception, shrinking customer loyalty as long time BlackBerry users move on, and stiff competition from rivals, including Apple, Google and Microsoft, among other things.
But that doesn't mean it should all be doom and gloom for RIM right now. Here are five reasons why current BlackBerry users and others interested in the brand and its future should remain optimistic in the coming months.
1) BlackBerry 7.1 OS updates for BlackBerry 7 smartphones
Earlier this year, RIM announced that the latest version of its BlackBerry OS, BlackBerry 7.1, will be rolling out shortly. And that's great news for anyone with a BlackBerry 7 smartphone, since OS 7.1 is a fairly significant update with a variety of cool new features.
BlackBerry 7.1 features and enhancements include Near Field Communications (NFC) and BlackBerry Tag support, Mobile Hotspot to turn your BlackBerry handheld into your own personal and portable Wi-Fi router, Wi-Fi calling to make voice calls over the Internet and reduce the use of your monthly allotment of cellular voice minutes, a new version of RIM's BlackBerry Traffic app that offers free turn-by-turn navigation and much more.
Some versions of BlackBerry 7.1 also reportedly feature a cool new "battery saving mode" to help your smartphone stay up and running longer. Unfortunately, only BlackBerry smartphones running RIM's BlackBerry 7 OS are compatible with the 7.1 software, so users with older BlackBerrys are out of luck.
Though BlackBerry 7.1 certainly isn't BlackBerry 10, RIM's upcoming OS that's built on a new and completely different software foundation, it's definitely worth the update, and it ought to help tide over anxious CrackBerry users until BlackBerry 10 becomes available in late 2012 or early 2013.
Find more details on the BlackBerry OS 7.1 update on RIM's Inside BlackBerry blog.
2) BlackBerry PlayBook 2.0 software
BlackBerry handhelds aren't the only RIM devices getting major software updates; RIM's PlayBook tablet is also set to receive a significant software makeover this month. BlackBerry PlayBook 2.0 is expected to be released for RIM tablets sometime in February, and it contains a variety of cool new and valuable features, not the least of which is the much anticipated Android Player for PlayBook, which will enable users to run certain Android applications on their RIM tablets.
Additional features include "native" PlayBook personal information management (PIM) apps so users can access their email, contacts, calendar and more without using RIM's BlackBerry Bridge software, improved and updated document editing functionality, a new "Print to Go" app that lets you wirelessly connect to compatible nearby printers and an "open on" feature that lets you quickly open up files and other content stored on your smartphone or your PlayBook tablet.
RIM's BlackBerry Bridge 2.0 software also lets you employ your BlackBerry smartphone to control a PlayBook tablet and use your handheld's keyboard to type messages and text.
Read more details about PlayBook 2.0 on RIM's website.
3) New BlackBerry 7 Curve devices
BlackBerry users may not see any new BlackBerry 10 devices until later this year, or maybe even early next year, but that doesn't mean RIM won't be releasing any new handhelds. RIM should soon announce and release two new low end entry-level smartphones: the Curves 9220 and 9320.
Neither the Curve 9220 nor the Curve 9320 will likely turn many heads, they look almost exactly like the current line of Curve smartphones, but they're both solid upgrades to an already popular product line. And they're aimed at new smartphone users who may not want or need the latest and greatest devices with cutting edge features.
More specifically, the Curve 9220, codenamed "Davis," and Curve 9320, dubbed "Armstrong", both have the same display resolutions (320x240) as the earlier Curve 9300, 8520 and 83xx families of devices, according to reports. But they will both allegedly also run the BlackBerry 7 OS, the 9320 supports HSPA+ data transfer while the 9220 is EDGE only, they pack digital cameras with flash(3.2 megapixels for the 9320 and 2 megapixels for the 9220) and they both have Bluetooth and FM radio support, the 9320 also has GPS.
RIM also seems ready to continue to release additional BlackBerry 7 devices in white. The company already released a number of white Torch, Bold and Curve handhelds, and more models should be available soon, such as the Bold 9790 and Curve 9380. I know some BlackBerry users who love white devices, but personally, I think there's just something wrong with white BlackBerrys.
4) Additional details on BlackBerry 10 smartphones
RIM has released very few official details regarding the upcoming BlackBerry 10 OS, formerly referred to as BBX, except for the fact that it will be built on a foundation from QNX Systems, just like the PlayBook software, and as such, it will likely be quite similar to the RIM's tablet OS.
BlackBerry 10 will feature an Android Player similar to the one found in the PlayBook OS. And the first BlackBerry 10 smartphone should arrive in late 2012, according to RIM.
Other than that, little is known about RIM's new OS, though it is clear that RIM's future in the mobile space will hinge on the success of BlackBerry 10. Current BlackBerry users can take comfort in the fact that the company will slowly share details about BlackBerry 10 in the coming months, to tease the first device's planned late 2012 release.
RIM will probably share many details and offer hands-on demos of BlackBerry 10 devices at its BlackBerry World 2012 conference.
5) New or renewed BlackBerry focus on consumer smartphone market
RIM has always been a company that caters to the business or enterprise market much more efficiently and effectively than the much larger consumer market. But if RIM's new CEO Thorsten Heins gets his way that could all change in 2012.
"We need to be closer to our consumer user base. We're well positioned with CIOs... but in the US, we need to do a better job there [targeting consumers]," Heins said just after he took the BlackBerry CEO reins. "I want us to focus more on consumers and consumer marketing. That is a major change for us. That is an element that we need to strengthen, that we need to build."
And Heins plans to quickly bring on a brand new marketing chief to lead the charge. What exactly will come from this effort remains to be seen. But you can expect to see more aggressive and high profile advertising from RIM and perhaps more celebrity endorsements, RIM has been bringing on celebrities to tout the BlackBerry brand for years, but it never really publicised those partnerships. Perhaps the company will begin to spread the word about these endorsements.
Whatever comes of this new focus on the consumer market, the new entry-level Curve devices could be the first step, the next few months should be very eventful for RIM.


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Pickup day for the Food Project feels a bit like a holiday for Sandy Abell.
A neighborhood coordinator, the Medford resident goes out every other month to collect food-filled bags set out by her neighbors at their front doors for people in need.
"You drive down the street on pickup day and see these green bags all up and down the street," Abell said. "It's like Easter and you're finding eggs."
The Food Project, which started in Ashland three years ago, has spread to 24 cities and reaches as far away as Georgia, said John Javna, who helped found the effort with social worker and fellow Ashland resident Paul Giancarlo.
Year-round, it funnels a steady supply of food to senior centers, Meals-On-Wheels programs, food banks, churches, nonprofit groups and other distribution points.
Javna said the linchpin to the success of the Food Project is neighborhood coordinators such as Abell, who ask their friends and neighbors to buy a little extra food on their grocery shopping trips and donate it every other month to the project.
The Medford Food Project — which covers Medford, Central Point and Jacksonville — has 140 neighborhood coordinators picking up food from 2,500 households, Javna said. During the last pickup, they gathered an estimated 23,000 pounds of food, he said.
But organizers want to double the number of coordinators in the next year, Javna said.
To help achieve that goal, they hope 25 prospective neighborhood coordinators will show up at an informational session from 1:30 to 3 p.m. Saturday, Oct. 6, at St. Mark's Episcopal Church, 426 W. Sixth St., Medford.
Abell said she would encourage everyone to consider becoming a neighborhood coordinator.
She started out by asking her neighbors whether they wanted to join the effort by donating food every other month.
"It was heartwarming that just about everyone thought it was a fabulous idea. This makes it simple and easy to donate," Abell said.
She distributed reusable green bags to neighbors who wanted to participate.
Abell sends out reminder emails as pickup day approaches. Bags are picked up on the second Saturday of every evenly numbered month.
The next pickup day is set for Oct. 13.
On pickup days, Abell gathers the bags, leaves behind empty bags for her neighbors to fill and drops off the filled bags at ACCESS Inc., a social services agency in Medford.
The whole process on pickup day takes Abell about an hour, she said.
"It's a wonderful way to support the community and bring your neighborhood together at the same time," she said.
Abell said her neighbors smile and wave at each other more often. They even shared information and looked out for each other when a rash of home break-ins hit their part of Medford a year-and-a-half ago, she said.
In Ashland, neighborhood coordinator Mia Morrish said the Food Project has brought her neighbors closer together and helped her children get more involved with the community.
Her kids, ages 10 and 13, enjoy coming along with her on pickup day, particularly her daughter.
"It's exciting when you're a young kid. It's almost like Christmas," Morrish said. "She enjoys seeing what people give and how much they give."
Including time spent sending out email reminders and picking up bags, Morrish estimated she spends about three hours every few months on the Food Project.
"I would highly recommend it whether people have kids or not," she said. "The time commitment is minimal."
Although it's not necessary for neighborhood coordinators, Morrish and her family have gone the extra mile by also volunteering at the Ashland Emergency Food Bank, where they can see food going directly into the hands of people in need.
For more information about the Food Project, visit www.medfordfoodproject.org.
Local communities participating include Medford, Central Point, Jacksonville, Phoenix, Talent, Ashland and Eagle Point.
Reach Ashland Daily Tidings reporter Vickie Aldous at 541-479-8199 or email@example.com.


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But even restricted to plain old type theory, there are many different interpretations of negation! Under the principle of "Why talk about something confusing when you can talk about something doubly confusing?", today I want to talk about different computational interpretations of double negations in logic.
- (A -> 0) -> 0. Here 0 is falsehood, and this is the standard interpretation of double-negation in intuitionistic logic. What does this mean computationally? Well, one way to think about this is to interpret types as sets. How many different functions f : X -> 0 are there from any set X into the empty set? None, unless X is itself empty, in which case there is exactly one. Applying this reasoning to our double-negation, if A is non-empty, then A -> 0 is empty, which in turn means that (A -> 0) -> 0 contains exactly one element; conversely, if A is empty, then A -> 0 is non-empty, which in turns means that (A -> 0) -> 0 is empty. What we see is that intuitionistic double-negation encodes the principle of proof-irrelevance, i.e., it forgets all the computational content of a type. (The catch here is that set-theoretic reasoning doesn't always prove type isomorphisms—this argument really only works for extensional type theory.)
- (A -> ⊥) -> ⊥. Here ⊥ represents "minimal" falsehood, i.e., simply a logical atom with no introduction or elimination rules, and in particular without the principle of explosion. Because we have replaced "empty" with "unknown", minimal double-negation does not have the same computational degeneracy of intuitionistic double-negation: there are at least as many different constructive proofs of (A -> ⊥) -> ⊥ as there are of A, and often more. For example, in general there is no proof in minimal logic of excluded middle A ∨ (A -> ⊥), but there is a proof of ((A ∨ (A -> ⊥)) -> ⊥) -> ⊥. Indeed, minimal logic rather than intuitionistic logic really is the proper place to understand the computational content of the classical double-negation translations (something which I didn't fully appreciate until reading Jeremy Avigad's The computational content of classical arithmetic). As such, this form of double-negation is the first step towards understanding continuation-passing style.
- (A -> R) -> R, where R is any type of answers. We said that ⊥ above is a logical atom. In type-theoretic terms, it is a type variable. So to move to this form double-negation, we simply instantiate the variable with a concrete type R. Now, logically we are beginning to stretch the meaning of "negation". In particular, nothing says that R is uninhabited—indeed if it is provably uninhabited, we are back to the computationally degenerate situation (1). But whether or not we accept the terminology, this form of double-negation is extremely important computationally, tied to the representation of control flow. A function of type A -> R is a continuation (transforming any value of type A into a result of type R), and so a term of type (A -> R) -> R is something which takes a continuation to a result—a computation with "control effects". The type (A -> R) -> R is so powerful that it comes with the following warning:
Abuse of the Continuation monad can produce code that is impossible to understand and maintain.The "principle of double-confusion" I mentioned at the beginning then motivates the following pair of generalizations...
- (A -> R1) -> R2, where R1 and R2 are two (possibly distinct) types of answers. This form of double-negation comes up in the study of delimited control operators, which were originally motivated by the fact that the type (A -> R) -> R is not only too powerful but also not powerful enough. The type (A -> R1) -> R2 can be seen as a sort of Hoare triple {R1}A{R2}, which gives an intimation of its power.
- ∀α.(A -> α) -> α, a polymorphic type (and more generally, ∀α.(A -> Tα) -> Tα, where T is an arbitrary monad). It's easy to see that A ≡ ∀α.(A -> α) -> α is provable in second-order intuitionistic logic, but in fact this can also be interpreted as the Yoneda isomorphism in category theory, as sigfpe explained a few years ago. More generally, there is a Yoneda isomorphism between TA and ∀α.(A -> Tα) -> Tα for any monad T (and formally, a type isomorphism in System F + parametricity axioms). This isomorphism lies at the heart of Filinski's representation theorem that delimited control operators can be used to perform "monadic reflection".


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Lady Macbeth played by Laura Rogers
Macbeth (2010)
Written by: William Shakespeare
Laura Rogers played Lady Macbeth in the 2010 production of Macbeth. Her previous appearances at Shakespeare's Globe include: As You Like It, A New World: The Life of Thomas Paine, A Midsummer Night's Dream, Timon of Athens, The Taming of the Shrew and Richard III.
latest updates
Laura Rogers (Lady Macbeth) discusses Lady Macbeth's motivations in persuading Macbeth to murder Duncan, the additions to the Globe set for this production and coping with people fainting!
In this interview, Laura Rogers (Lady Macbeth) discusses technical rehearsals, preview performances and what has changed in the production during those two periods.
Laura Rogers (Lady Macbeth) discusses how Lady Macbeth has developed, her costume and adding music to the production.
In her second blog post, Laura Rogers (Lady Macbeth) explores Lady Macbeth's marriage to Macbeth, whether Lady Macbeth can be described as 'evil' and bringing physicality into the role.
Laura Rogers (Lady Macbeth) talks to Adopt An Actor about the 2010 production of Macbeth. In this first interview, she discusses her experience of Shakespeare at school, how she became an actor, her initial impressions of the play and the first day of rehearsals.


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Alumni Board Changes Leadershipby Tom Runge • May 15, 2011 Share:
Wabash's Alumni Board, the board of directors of the National Association of Wabash Men (NAWM), completed the transition to a new President, Vice President, and board members at large at the conclusion of their Commencement weekend meeting.
Mark Dewart '74 handed over the ceremonial gavel at the conclusion of the May meeting to incoming President Greg Castanias '87. Both men noted that the board is the most active and engaged they can recall and the board effort's are making a difference for Wabash.
The new Vice President, and President-elect, is Greg Estell '85. Mark Dewart will continue to serve in the role of Past President, replacing Jim Dimos '83.
In other board moves, the conclusion of the May meeting brought the completion of their terms for the following board members - Dick Glover '65, Jon Pactor '71, Greg Jania '93, and Mark Shreve '04, in addition to Jim Dimos.
Reelected to the board were Scott Smalstig '88 and Kenyatta Brame '92. Elected to his first term was Rick Cavanaugh '76. The board is in the process of filling the board vacant positions with the appointment of three board members - Art Howe '82, Scott Benedict '98, and Pat East '00.
Top - Mark Dewart '74 and Greg Castanias '87
Right: Greg Estell '85


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Dear Editor,
The season of celebration is upon us and for many, filled with joy and special moments. But for too many, it can be filled with emptiness and sadness. This season is the most difficult time of the year for those of us mourning the death of a child.The Worldwide Candle Lighting event started in 1997 in the United States as a small Internet observance, but over the last 10 years has grown in size and spread around the globe as a way to commemorate and honor children in an event that transcends all ethnic, cultural, religious, and political boundaries. It is sponsored by The Compassionate Friends, a non-profit self-help bereavement organization with 600 chapters in the United States and 30 countries. In 1998, Congress passed a bill establishing the second Sunday of December as National Children's Memorial Day.On Dec. 9, candles were lighted at 7 p.m. local time just west of the International Date Line. As candles burn down in one time zone, they are lighted in the next, creating a 24-hour wave of light as the observance continues around the world. We observe this day in many ways, some alone, some with friends and family, and some in organized candle lighting ceremonies.In 2006, there were more than 400 official Worldwide Candle Lighting ceremonies held just in the US. The largest in New Mexico will be in Albuquerque at the Milne Stadium at 1000 Hazeldine SE. Smaller events are scheduled in Artesia, Hobbs and Los Lunas. You can learn more about this event or The Compassionate Friends by going to www.compassionatefriends.org, or calling 877-969-0010.United States TCF Executive Director Patricia Loder said, "The Worldwide Candle Lighting is one way in which we can show we are united with bereaved families everywhere and the love we continue to carry for our children, even though they are no longer with us." Regardless of whether you observe this day with hundreds or dozens or alone, know that you are not alone in your grief. Light your candle and remember your child as I will be lighting my candle for Michael as well as ones for Jeremy, Joel, Beth, Brad, Daniel, Gary, Lacey, James, Erin, Jeff, Garth, Evelyn and David. May you find peace this holiday season.Candee M. HaskinsLos Alamos
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Inertia Chain Brake
Effective inertia-activated chain brake
Delivers lower fuel consumption and reduced exhaust emission levels in accordance with the worldïs most stringent environmental regulations.
Air Injection
Extends the interval between filter cleaning, improving efficiency and increases engine life.
Combined Choke/stop Control
Combined choke/stop control allows for easier starting and reduces the risk of the engine flooding.
Two Mass Principle
Effectively minimising vibrations by isolating the engine from the handles reducing operator fatigue.
Tool Less Chain Tensioning
Quick and easy chain tensioning and assembly of the bar and the chain without using any tools.
Smart Start®
The engine and starter have been designed so the machine starts quickly with minimum effort. Resistance in the starter cord is reduced by up to 40%.
Easy Starting
Air purge for very easy starting.
|Oil tank volume
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|Equivalent vibration level (ahv, eq) front
|rear handle / 2.1/2.7 m/sý
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|100.7 dB(A)
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|3000 rpm
|Spark plug
|Champion RCJ7Y
|Electrode gap
|0.02 " / 0.5 mm


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Primeria Liga: Benfica 1 Vitoria Guimaraes 0
Benfica extended their lead at the top of the Primeira Liga to five points with a 1-0 home win over Vitoria Guimaraes on Monday.
Porto's shock home defeat to Estoril 24 hours earlier offered Jorge Jesus' men the chance to stretch their advantage at the summit and they did just that with a professional display.
Third-placed Porto are now seven points behind Benfica, with Sporting Lisbon, 2-1 winners at Rio Ave on Saturday, occupying second spot.
Benfica's winning goal against Vitoria came five minutes before half-time, courtesy of a beautifully taken strike from Lazar Markovic.
Rodrigo slipped a ball through on the edge of the area and Markovic timed his run perfectly before lifting the ball over the onrushing Douglas Jesus and tapping into the net.
Brazilian forward Lima ought to have put the result beyond doubt seven minutes from time, but somehow fired wide of an empty goal after rounding Jesus.
It mattered little as Benfica comfortably saw out the game and extended their unbeaten league run to 19 matches.


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Back in 2010, late Apple CEO Steve Jobs declared that the "post-PC" era had begun, while at the same time acknowledging that the transition away from traditional desktop PCs would be awkward and take quite a bit of time. The "post-PC" term has stirred up some controversy: Microsoft claims Apple has it wrong, and its own "PC Plus" vision is the more likely scenario. Either way, as consumers, schools, governments, and enterprises embrace a wealth of mobile technology including media players, smartphones, tablets, the computing landscape is definitely changing.
The first signs of that disruption may now be rippling out. Microsoft just filed its first ever quarterly loss as a public company. Intel's ambitious Ultrabook initiative designed to bolster and invigorate PC sales appears to be going over like a lead balloon. A year ago HP was considering selling off its world-leading PC business. Chipmaker AMD says the future of PC sales looks dire. Former PC-making giant Dell is no longer better on PCs; instead it wants to be a software-and-hardware company more like Oracle or HP that sells servers and services, not desktops and notebooks.
Is the rising tide of a "post-PC" world about to put the titans of the traditional PC world underwater? Here's at closer look at what each of these signs really means.
Microsoft's first loss in 26 years
Microsoft raised eyebrows with the financial results for its fourth quarter of fiscal 2012 this week. The headline ("reports record fourth-quarter revenue") sounded rosy, but the company chalked up their first quarterly loss since becoming a publicly held company. That's probably not an achievement Steve Ballmer wanted on his CEO record. Although Microsoft did rack up a record $18.06 billion in revenue for the quarter, when everything shook out the company still lost $492 million over the three-month period.
Is this a sign Microsoft's Windows empire is crumbling under the onslaught of Apple, iOS, Google, Android, and social media kingpins like Google and Facebook? Not really — or perhaps the better answer is "not yet."
Several factors led to Microsoft posting a quarterly loss. The most significant was Microsoft writing off a whopping $6.19 billion in goodwill resulting from its 2007 purchase of marketing firm aQuantive. Without that one-time writeoff, Microsoft would have turned in a quarterly profit of nearly $6 billion. That number would have represented growth from $5.9 billion over the same quarter a year ago, and $4.5 billion a year before that. Microsoft also deferred some $540 million in revenue related to the Windows 8 upgrade it announced in June — another one-time event that impacted this quarter's revenue. Microsoft is launching Windows 8 next quarter; despite the upgrade offer, the imminent launch of a new operating system is going to depress sales of new PCs with Windows pre-installed, as well as sales of Windows 7 licenses.
Microsoft's core revenue-generating businesses — the Business division (Office), Windows, and Servers & Tools all did well. The Business division posted 7 percent year-on-year growth with fourth-quarter revenue of $6.3 billion all by itself. Servers and Tools reported its ninth consecutive quarter of double-digit growth with quarterly sales of $5.1 billion. Commitments from enterprises and other volume licensees mean Microsoft also has a record unearned revenue balance of $20.1 billion — that's money it hasn't yet collected, but has every reason to expect is coming soon.
So Microsoft's on-paper loss isn't a reflection of the state of its core businesses, which are doing OK. The Windows empire contributed a bit to the loss by way of deferred revenue leading up to the launch of Windows 8, but Microsoft's acquisition of aQuantive was the the biggest factor. Microsoft had hoped the agency would help it rev up its own online advertising empire to better compete with Google. But even at the time of acquisition, many industry watchers viewed it with some skepticism — just a tit-for-tat reaction to Google acquiring DoubleClick.
Microsoft's online services division — which includes Bing as well as its online advertising business — is still the biggest drag on the company's profits. However, the Online Services division is showing slow, incremental growth in both revenue and search market share.
AMD's falling revenues
Microsoft' stumble could be painted as an on-paper, one-quarter glitch, but not every PC company has such a convenient excuse. One example would be chipmaker AMD: It reported second quarter revenue of $1.41 billion, operating income of $77 million, and net income of $37 million. That might not seem too bad for a company that's seriously investing in R&D to better compete with chipmaking giant Intel and trying to make a serious play in mobile. But it's all relative. That $1.41 billion represents an 11 percent decline in revenue from the previous quarter and a 10 percent year-on-year decrease.
The same factors that are depressing Windows 7 sales during the quarter (like the upcoming launch of Windows 8) mean fewer PCs with AMD processors are being sold. In a conference call about the earnings, AMD CEO Rory Read didn't have much positive to say about the PC industry, noting that PC shipments have declined for three quarters running for the first time since 2001, and have been below average for the last seven quarters running. Read concluded that AMD believes the PC industry is settling towards a new normal, where base PC sales will continue to be lower than historical figures. It's worth noting that AMD's chip sales are more sensitive to fluctuations in consumer demand for computers than Intel.
PC makers looking for an exit door
Does anyone want to make PCs anymore? Before bringing Meg Whitman in as CEO, computing giant HP famously considered selling off its entire PC business — and it's the largest PC maker on the planet. If a company the size of HP can capture the largest share of the PC market and doesn't find the PC business worth its time, what does that say about the business overall? Of course, shortly after taking over as CEO Whitman reversed course, but doubts about the PC business remain.
Dell used to be the top PC maker in both the United States and worldwide markets. It's still number two in the U.S. market behind HP, although Apple has slipped into the number three position behind it. (Apple is in a distant third place: Apple's PC sales are just over half of Dell's.) Worldwide, Dell was in third (IDC) or fourth place (Gartner) behind HP, Lenovo, and (maybe) Acer.
Worldwide PC sales figures show a 0.1 percent decline in shipments compared to a year ago: a small enough decline that it might be considered an aberration. However, both HP and Dell showed double-digit market share losses during the second quarter of 2012. That's more than an aberration.
There were some winners. Asus and Lenovo both showed strong growrth, with Acer also able to expand its footprint. The former two have been aggressively cutting prices to spur sales. That strategy seems to be working: In its most recent quarter, Lenovo reported $7.5 billion in sales, translating to $806 million in gross profit and a margin of 10.8 percent. Asus seems to be fueling its sales jump with entry-level and mainstream notebook sales. And although it's not reflected in PC sales figures, it's also the manufacturer behind Google's Nexus 7 tablet.
It's easy to argue that HP and Dell are both tired of the PC business — and so are having their lunch eaten by leaner and hungrier players like Asus and Lenovo. HP, of course, is in a wide range of businesses, but increasingly sees itself as a provider of enterprise and data-center services. Dell is moving into the same area, looking to become a provider of cloud solutions and enterprise services (as well as the hardware that drives them). The president of Dell's software division recently said he envisions the company's software business eventually accounting for $5 billion in annual sales at some point down the line. Right now, Dell sells about $1.5 billion in software a year. Just to put a bow on it, this week Dell CEO Michael Dell claimed the "new Dell" isn't really in the PC business anymore. (He claims it's in four: PCs, sure, but also enterprise hardware, services, and networking.)
Bottom line: Two of the world's largest PC makers — HP and Dell — are starting to behave less like serious competitors and more like companies operating a business on maintenance mode while they focus their attention elsewhere. For both companies, that looks to be enterprise computing rather than hardware consumers will hold in their hands.
Intel's Ultrabook stagnation
At the heart of the PC industry is chipmaking giant Intel, which saw its second-quarter revenues slump from $3 billion a year ago to $2.8 billion in its most recent quarter. Those results were actually better than the market expected, but at the same time the company cut its forecast for the third quarter, citing slower than expected growth due to the "challenging macroeconomic environment." Nonetheless, Intel actually saw its PC revenue grow: PC client volume was up seven percent for the quarter, although that gain was offset a bit by a two percent drop in prices. Overall, the PC unit pulled in revenue of $8.68 billion and turned $3.42 billion of that into profit.
Intel is still betting heavily that Ultrabooks will pay off handsomely in the second half of 2012, most likely after the introduction of Windows 8. It also hopes it first foray into smartphones (including an Android partnership with Google) will gain industry momentum. But Intel's footprint in the smartphone and tablet market remains to be seen. The company has been trying for years and so far as absolutely no traction — and Ultrabooks still appear to be a dud — for now, anyway. Nonetheless, while Intel didn't have a great quarter the company didn't do badly. And Intel truly is a global company, so economic conditions around the world matter. During the second quarter, 58 percent of Intel's revenue came from the Asia Pacific region, compared to 21 percent in the Americas and 12 percent in Europe. Intel also still says it expects the second half of 2012 to be more lucrative than the first half.
Are we there yet?
There's no doubt that consumers are increasingly deferring or even foregoing purchases of new PCs in favor of smartphones, tablets, and even dedicated consumer electronics devices like Roku boxes and Apple TVs. (Remember when home-theater PCs were all the rage? Not so much anymore.) There's also no doubt the bastions of the PC business have found it necessary to diversify their businesses in order to keep investors happy. PCs can still generate cash for someone, but price competition is intense and there are higher-margin businesses open to PC makers. Nearly all the major players in the PC business — including Microsoft and Intel, as well as companies like HP and Dell — are all seeing increasing portions of their revenues come from businesses that are not directly related to PCs.
But none of these financial results indicate the end of the PC era — or the official start of a post-PC era. Despite a one-time blip, Microsoft's core revenue situation issolid. Despite the failure-to-date of Ultrabooks in the consumer marketplace, Intel is still managing just fine. The PC will not be going away anytime soon.
But Steve Jobs' description of a post-PC era may have still been accurate, especially likening the emergence of smartphones and tablets to the emergence of passenger cars. In 2010, Jobs noted "As vehicles started to be used in the urban centers, cars got more popular. […] PCs are going to be like trucks. They're still going to be around, they're still going to have a lot of value, but they're going to be used by one out of X people."
It's interesting to note that, in historical terms, we don't generally think of the distinction between cars and trucks as being tremendously significant in transportation development. Instead, we tend to think of internal combustion engine as the development that put cars and trucks on the roads instead of horses and buggies. Nobody spoke of a "post-truck" or "truck plus" era. In the end, the market for electronics might just start to look like the diverse market for vehicles we know today. SUV, sedan, compact…desktop, tablet, smartphone?


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kbordes needed a new web page design and created a contest on 99designs.
A winner was selected from 76 designs submitted by 29 freelance designers.
Simple but stylish look is desired. All we have now is a search box and some affiliate banners
simple layout with feature on Search bar and Affiliate banner.
- simple
- Unique
- too complex as not wanting to distract from the search bar or the ads.


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In the following you can find the current statutes of Football Supporters Europe (FSE).
Football Supporters Europe (FSE)
dated July 2015
The work of FSE is based upon the understanding that the success of football as a global (spectator) sport is decisively shaped by the involvement of and the contribution made by supporters.
Football is to be considered a part of culture, and often especially youth culture. Social change and the changing nature of modern football, including its continuing commercialisation, has given rise to much tension between supporters on the one hand and clubs and football authorities on the other. Some social groups and communities within football are experiencing increasing alienation and exclusion from the game and racism and violence remain significant problems.
Further, it is to be observed that wherever football fans are organised and/or recognised and taken seriously, along with their interests and concerns, as equal partners in dialogue and involved in decision-making processes, a perceptible reduction in the number of problems, a much improved atmosphere and an increase in community participation can result, thus making the club and the match-going experience a generally more attractive one.
The activities of FSE are based upon the following core principles:
- Opposition to all forms of discrimination on the basis of background, ability, religion or faith, gender, sexual orientation or age.
- Rejection of violence, both verbal and physical.
- Empowerment of the fan base.
- Fostering of a positive fan and football culture, including values such as fair play and good governance.
The success of the game transcends national boundaries, as indeed do its problems. The existence of a European football supporters' organisation that permits a transnational exchange of experience, networking opportunities and democratic representation will make a significant contribution to addressing the social problems associated with the game, also in relation to conveying the positive values of sport and social inclusion.
With this in mind, FSE adopts the following Association constitution:
1 Name, headquarters, financial year
1. The name of the Association is Football Supporters Europe e.V., or FSE for short.
2. It is headquartered at Hamburg and entered in the registry of clubs, societies and associations [Vereinsregister] under the number VR 20279.
3. The financial year is the calendar year.
2 Tax relief
1. Football Supporters Europe exclusively and directly pursues non-profit-making purposes within the meaning of the chapter covering tax-privileged purposes in the German Tax Code (AO). The object of the Association is to foster international understanding, tolerance, equal opportunities for women and men, crime prevention and democratic principles. The Association engages in nonprofit activities; it does not primarily pursue its own commercial purposes.
2. Funds of the Association may be used only for the purposes laid down in the constitution. Members of the Association may not receive gratuities, in their capacity as members, from the funds of the Association. They shall have no claims whatsoever on the assets of the Association on relinquishing membership. No one may benefit from any expenditure that is outwith the purposes of the Association or from disproportionately high remunerations.
3 Goals and responsibilities of the Association
The objects of the constitution shall be achieved, in particular, by:
1. Promoting democratic principles and international understanding by organising a democratic and representative network of football fans and supporter initiatives/organisations from different European countries that is capable of establishing a mutual cultural exchange, in particular in the field of sport, identifying and representing their interests, in particular at European level, in dialogue with institutions that deal with football supporters.
(for instance, by organising meetings of the network members at which different cultural customs (including supporter culture) and initiatives are presented; by informing and campaigning on cultural customs (including supporter culture) and interests in different countries; by organising mediation and information events between representatives of institutions involved with football supporters and network members from different European countries).
2. Encouraging responsible self-organisation, especially among young football supporters as a part of democratic education processes, and conveying values such as tolerance, anti-discrimination and the rejection of violence.
3. Organising regular international workshops, talks, seminars and networking events for football supporters and representatives of football bodies on the subject of the organisation of sport, (fan) culture, customs and successful initiatives in the field of sport/football in different countries across Europe (such as issues relating to the organisational structure of clubs and associations, supporter groups and methods of co-determination at clubs in different countries).
4. Providing social preventive information and support offerings for football supporters and others attending international matches and tournaments, in particular "fan embassies" as a recognised method of preventing violent and discriminatory spectator behaviour.
5. Assisting and advising supporter groups, supporter organisations and supporter-related initiatives and providing development and networking support to intercultural exchange programmes for the conveying of information on the culture and customs of other countries, in particular among (young) football fans, and to related projects, in particular in Europe, e.g. fan projects and inclusive football projects.
6. Educational, public relations and campaign work using football as a platform for conveying values such as tolerance (promotion of opposition to exclusion, racism, anti-Semitism, sexism, homophobia, etc), fair play and gender equality.
7. Producing publications and newsletters on activities of the Association and activities and campaigns by football supporters in other countries.
8. Developing a library of information on legislation, directives, regulations and core articles on supporter-related issues and the organisation of sport (e.g. on issues relating to the organisational structure of clubs and associations, methods of co-determination at clubs and cultural forms of expression of [supporter] groups in different countries).
The Association is entitled to employ full- or part-time staff to carry out its responsibilities.
4 Membership
- Membership shall be open to all natural and legal persons and informally organised groups with a nominated FSE delegate who are primarily active in the football supporter sector in Europe, who promote the goals of the Association and who commit to and actively support the core principles of the Association. Europe is defined as the sum total of the national football associations that are members of European football's governing body, UEFA. Countries are deemed to be all nations with a national football association.
- Admission of members is by written application (including via e-mail or online) to the representative body appointed by the FSE committee in accordance with the constitution, which is the FSE Coordinating Team/Management.
- Membership shall end upon the death of the member, by voluntary cancellation, by the member or informally organised group ceasing to exist as a legal person, by expulsion from the Association or by dissolution of FSE.
- Voluntary cancellation of membership can be effected at any time with effect from the end of the financial year by submission of written notice to the FSE Committee or the management appointed by the FSE Committee.
- Members can be expelled or prevented from joining by decision of the Board if they act in defiance of the goals and core principles of the Association or fail to meet their obligations towards the Association. An expelled member has the right of appeal to an ordinary general meeting. The decision of the meeting is final. The member shall be invited to the meeting and has the right to be heard. Appeals shall be decided by a two-thirds majority of the members present.
- Members of FSE cannot be expelled for political changes in their countries that would lead to their respective national football association no longer being a member of UEFA, if, by that time, they have already been successfully admitted as members of FSE.
5 Rights and obligations of members
- Football Supporters Europe e.V. may levy a membership subscription. The type and amount of the subscription shall be set by the general meeting on the recommendation of the FSE Committee as part of a schedule of subscription fees
- Members have the right to participate in the meetings and events of the Association and to use the services (e.g. advice, information) and publications provided, unless stated otherwise, free of charge.
- Members shall:
a. Act according to the core principles of FSE, promote them and encourage other members to do the same.
b. Fulfil and promote the objectives and tasks of the Association.
c. Confirm to FSE their membership contact details as stored in the FSE membership database (in writing and via email) at
least once a year and at the latest upon receipt of the third request so to do, this to be done no later than by the end of the respective financial year.
d. Pay any due membership subscription on time and meet any other agreed obligations.
6 Bodies of the Association
The bodies of the Association are:
1. The general meeting
2. The FSE Committee/Board
3. The FSE Coordinating Team/Management
4. The on-topic divisions
7 General meeting
1. The ordinary general meeting must be convened at least once a year by the FSE Committee/Board or the representative appointed under this Constitution by the FSE Committee, the FSE Coordinating Team.
2. The FSE Committee and the FSE Coordinating Team shall present the annual and financial reports at the ordinary general meeting. Thereafter the general meeting shall decide whether to ratify the actions of the Board.
3. General meetings shall be convened in writing by the FSE Committee or by the FSE Coordinating Team on its behalf at least eight weeks before the meeting.
4. Extraordinary general meetings shall be convened in writing by the FSE Committee or by the FSE Coordinating Team on its behalf if required in the interest of the Association or if demanded of the FSE Committee or the FSE Coordinating Team on its behalf by ¼ of the total number of votes of all Association members.
5. Upon the expiration of the term of office of the FSE Committee the general meeting shall elect a new FSE Committee.
6. The general meeting is the highest body of the Association and has the power to direct the activities of the FSE Committee.
8 Voting rights
1. All duly admitted members in attendance over the age of 14 have the right to vote at the general meeting. Voting rights are primarily weighted according to the main geographical area of operation of the respective members.
a. The voting rights of natural persons are limited to one vote per member.
b. Legal persons, informally organised supporter groups and supporter-related organisations and initiatives that are primarily active at local level shall be represented at the general meeting by a nominated delegate or, should the nominated delegate be unable to attend, by a previously appointed proxy. The voting rights of members primarily active at local level are limited to three votes per member.
c. Legal persons, supporter associations (informally organised or organised as legal persons) and supporter-related organisations and initiatives that are primarily active at national/pan-European level shall be represented at the general meeting by a nominated delegate or, should the nominated delegate be unable to attend, by a previously appointed proxy. The voting rights of members primarily active at national/pan-European level are limited to ten votes per member.
The FSE Coordinating Team shall determine the voting classification based upon the information provided in the membership application.
2. Delegates of local and national/pan-European members or their previously appointed proxies may represent a maximum of one national/pan-European and a maximum of one local member as delegates with voting rights at a FSE general meeting.
9 FSE Committee
1. The FSE Committee/Board consists of:
- A number of special representatives to be determined in accordance with section 9 (2) and elected by the general meeting.
- The FSE Coordinating Team/Management
- The heads of each on-topic division.
2. The size of the FSE Committee should always guarantee a two-thirds majority of electable committee members. The number of FSE Committee/Board members to be elected by the general meeting shall be determined based upon the number of on-topic division heads/management members at the time of the election. The number of Committee members so determined who are not elected by the general meeting is increased by a third.
3. The number of elected members on the FSE Committee from one country shall not exceed one third of the total number of elected FSE Committee members.
4. The FSE Coordinating Team and the heads of the on-topic divisions may be employed on a full-time basis.
5. The elected members of the FSE Committee are elected for a period of one year by simple majority vote at the general meeting. They remain in office until such time as a new FSE Committee is elected.
6. Committee members may stand for re-election.
7. All Committee members must be members of the Association or special representatives and must be 18 or over.
8. The FSE Committee and the special representatives shall have the following responsibilities, in particular:
a. Preparing an annual budget, an action plan, if required, an annual report and a financial report.
b. Convening general meetings.
c. Preparing and implementing the motions passed by the general meeting.
d. In between general meetings the FSE Committee and the special representatives shall represent the interests of the Association and take any decisions that cannot be postponed until the next general meeting.
9. Each Committee member shall have one vote. Unless otherwise stated herein, decisions of the FSE Committee shall be taken by simple majority of the required votes cast. Where decisions affect an on-topic division or the Management, the various special representatives shall not have the right to vote on issues pertaining to:
- The removal from office of the person concerned.
- The dissolution of an on-topic division.
- The existence, nature and scope of the full-time employment.
10 FSE Coordinating Team/Management
1. The FSE Committee/Board shall appoint and have the right to dismiss members of the Management (FSE Coordinating Team), based at the FSE Coordinating Office, as special representatives within the meaning of section 30 of the German Civil Code (BGB).
2. In case of doubt, the power of agency of the FSE Coordinating Team/Management pursuant to section 30 BGB extends to all legal transactions.
3. The FSE Coordinating Team shall have a permanent seat on the FSE Committee.
4. As a higher-level body, the FSE Committee has the power is to direct the FSE Coordinating Team and monitor the work it performs.
5. The FSE Coordinating Team shall inform the FSE Committee of the latest position of the Association at least once every three months.
11 On-topic divisions
1. On-topic divisions serve to improve organisational efficiency and develop specific areas of activity, within the scope of FSE's goals and responsibilities, which require a certain level of expertise.
2. The establishment or dissolution of an on-topic division requires a two-thirds majority decision of the FSE Committee.
3. The structure of an on-topic division can take on any number of different forms depending on the requirement. Internally, it can be structured on a membership basis, in the form of a loose network, on an informal committee basis or as an advisory service.
4. Each on-topic division shall appoint a head who shall represent the division on the FSE Committee with a permanent seat. The division heads shall be considered special FSE Committee representatives. In case of doubt, their power of agency extends to all legal transactions occurring in the ordinary course of business of their division.
5. The annual and financial reports on the budgets allocated to each on-topic division must be submitted to the FSE Committee at the end of each financial year. Interim reports shall also be presented in time for the general meeting to allow them to be included in the overall financial report.
6. The FSE Committee has the power to direct the activities of the on-topic divisions.
12 The internal auditors
- The Annual General Meeting elects at least one and at maximum two internal auditors.
- The internal auditor(s) shall be elected for the period of two years by simple majority vote at the general meeting, renewable once. They remain in office until such time as (a) new internal auditor(s) is/are elected.
- The internal auditor(s) shall not be members of the FSE Committee or of the FSE Coordination Team / Management according to §6 of the FSE Constitutions.
- At least one of the internal auditors should preferably have specific knowledge in the field of finance and taxation according to German law.
- The internal auditors shall take responsibility for the substantive examination of the accounts of the association and the annual accounts at least once a year, especially the adequate accounting of income and expenditure and the cash and cash equivalents.
- The internal auditor(s) must prepare a written report about their examination together, if applicable, and sign it accordingly. They have to report the results of their examinations to every general meeting.
13 Recording of decisions
The decisions passed at the meetings of the FSE Committee and at general meetings shall be recorded in writing and signed by the appointed minute-taker.
14 Amendments to the constitution and dissolution
1. The general meeting shall decide on all matters pertaining to the constitution. Amendments to the constitution require a two-thirds majority decision of all Association members present.
2. Resolutions proposing amendments to the constitution must be sent to the FSE Coordinating Team in writing at least 30 days before the general meeting. The resolutions shall be published seven days before the general meeting.
3. The Association may be dissolved only by a resolution passed by a two-thirds majority of all members present at a general meeting convened for this purpose with at least one month's notice.
4. Upon dissolution or winding up of the Association or cessation of its tax-privileged purposes, its assets shall be conveyed to a legal person under public law or another tax-privileged entity to be used for the advancement of international understanding and sport.
5. The public body or other tax-privileged entity upon dissolution or winding up of the Association or cessation of the tax-privileged purposes pursuant to section 14 (4) shall be selected by the FSE Committee by two-thirds majority decision of all Committee members at the time of dissolution or winding up of the Association or cessation of the tax-privileged purposes.
15 Coming into force of the constitution and transitional arrangements
1. This constitution shall come into force on the day it is entered in the registry of clubs, societies and associations.
2. The Association bodies can pass decisions on the basis of the constitution before it is registered, such decisions also becoming effective upon registration.
3. The Association bodies in office upon adoption of this constitution shall continue their work until such time as the general meeting appoints different legal successor bodies.


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OpenSourceMalaria:GSK Arylpyrrole Series
- 1 The Arylpyrrole Series
- 1.1 The two known TCMDC series starting points
- 1.2 The Near-Neighbour Sub-series
- 1.3 Alternative side-chains
- 1.4 Other known incidences of these molecules/this series
The Arylpyrrole Series
These compounds are currently under study by the Todd lab at the University of Sydney and the Medicines for Malaria Venture, Geneva. As an open source project, anyone may participate:
Coordination/Discussion site
Electronic Lab Notebooks
Undergraduate Project Report
The initial two subseries of leads have the general structure:
- TCMDC Aryl pyrrole core InChi Key: LNROIXNEIZSESG-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- Near-Neighbour core InChi Key: JZQOEGKHCXONAV-ZROIWOOFSA-N
A number of these compounds and intermediates are available for biological testing from Todd group by request.
The two known TCMDC series starting points
Compounds are commercially-available
Series was listed as one of the most promising leads from TCAMS set (though lacking aryl F)
SMILES: O=C(N)COC(=O)c2c(n(c1ccc(F)cc1)c(c2)C)C
CAS Registry Number: 733026-12-5
Chemspider page
ChEMBL Page
SMILES: Fc1ccc(cc1)n2c(cc(c2C)C(=O)OCC(=O)NC=4C(=O)N(c3ccccc3)N(C=4C)C)C
Chemspider page
ChEMBL Page
The proposed resynthesis strategy for these two compounds:
The Near-Neighbour Sub-series
Known "Near Neighbours" contained in the Tres Cantos set
The original idea for investigation of the near-neighbour set came from Paul Willis and was posted on the synaptic leap.
Data/links for these compounds:
TCMDC-123563, CHEMBL546966, CHEMBL page: 637010 Cc1ccc(cc1)n2c(cc(c2C)C(=O)CN3C(=O)C(NC3=O)Cc4ccccc4)C
TCMDC-125698, CHEMBL587989, CHEMBL: 627784 Cc1cc(c(n1c2ccc(cc2)Cl)C)C=C3C(=O)N(C(=Nc4ccccc4)S3)C5CCCC5
TCMDC-125697, CHEMBL581336, CHEMBL: 640978 CCOC(=O)c1ccc(cc1)n2c(cc(c2C)C=C3C(=O)N(C(=Nc4ccccc4)S3)C5CCCC5)C
TCMDC-125659, CHEMBL528140, CHEMBL: 626220 Cc1ccnc(c1)n2c(cc(c2C)C=C3C(=O)N(C(=Nc4ccccc4)S3)Cc5ccco5)C
TCMDC-124103, CHEMBL588465, CHEMBL: 643107 Cc1cc(cc(c1)n2c(cc(c2C)C=C3C(=O)NC(=Nc4ccc(cc4)Cl)S3)C)C
TCMDC-124456, CHEMBL548395, CHEMBL: 640006 CCn1c(cc(c1C)C=C2C(=O)NC(=Nc3ccccc3)S2)C
Initial synthesis strategy toward near-neighbours
Experimental information available from PMY 13-1, PMY 14-1 and PMY 16-1, PMY 14-3.
Current synthesis strategy toward near-neighbours
Synthesis method taken from this paper.
Alternative side-chains
Some alternative heterocyclic side-chain ideas have been proposed here at the Synaptic Leap.
The [1] side chain would target ester isosteres (see TCMDC-123812) but with greater biological stability.
- Synthesis: oxazole synthesis
- Pyrrole core acid to amide: Amide Synthesis
Other known incidences of these molecules/this series
Related compounds are known to inhibit the proteasome, according to this Nature paper.
According to this paper, similar compounds are agonists of the sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor subtypes 1-5, which have a role in immune system function.
A new class of antimalarial was recently published by Novartis, Imidazolopiperazines.
Misc papers to digest/assimilate regarding antimycobacterial/tuberculosis activity: Antimycobacterial 1,5-diphenyl pyrroles, 10.1016/j.ejmech.2009.06.005, 10.1016/j.bmc.2010.09.006, 10.1002/cmdc.201000526
Scifinder Search: 2,4,5-alkyl-1-aryl-pyrrole: 77552 hits, 905 biological studies:
Obesity/diabetes GIP receptor inhibitor JP 2011184298 (A)
Proteasome WO 2011094545 (A2)
WO2006076202 Steroid nuclear receptor ligands
WO 2011075684 (A1) Inhibitors of Plasma Kallikrein/Protease
WO 2009137133 (A2) 5-Substituted-2-Imino-Thiazolidinone Compounds And Their Use As Inhibitors Of Bacterial Infection


text:
This Month in HIV: Sex, Privacy and the Law When You're HIV-Positive
An Interview With Catherine Hanssens, Esq., Executive Director of the Center for HIV Law and Policy
October 2007
This is Bonnie Goldman, Editorial Director of The Body. I'd like to welcome you to This Month in HIV. This month's topic: Sex, Privacy and the Law When You're HIV Positive.
For as long as humanity has known about the existence of HIV, there's been discrimination against HIV-positive people. Since the mid-1980s, people with HIV have been fired, evicted, injured, imprisoned, ostracized and even killed simply for having the virus in their blood. People with HIV have gone to prison for having protected sex without disclosing, or even just for spitting on an HIV-negative person. And they've been fired from their jobs for even less.
So as an HIV-positive person, what can you do to protect yourself -- in life, in love, at work and elsewhere? This month, we're pleased to have Catherine Hanssens, Esq., here to explain the law to us. Catherine is an attorney who has worked tirelessly on HIV-related legal and policy issues since 1984. She is the executive director of the Center for HIV Law and Policy, the first nationwide legal resource and strategy center for people with HIV and their advocates. She has an encyclopedic knowledge of HIV and the law. We're honored to have her as our guest for This Month in HIV. Welcome, Catherine, to This Month in HIV.
Thank you, Bonnie. Glad to join you.
If someone with HIV does not disclose to a sexual partner that they are HIV positive, even if they have protected sex, what are the laws? Is there a federal law about this? Or is it state by state?
There are currently, I would say, about 24 to 27 states -- of course, that can vary, depending on the month and what state legislatures decide to do -- with state laws that specifically criminalize certain behaviors when people with HIV engage in them.
In addition to those specific laws, of course, every state has a criminal code that prohibits violent crimes, from attempted murder to assault. Then there is a third group of laws, many of which have been in existence since the early 1930s, that will make it a crime if someone with a communicable or infectious disease exposes another person to that disease.
So there are, at least in theory, multiple ways that people with HIV can be and, in fact, have been prosecuted. But again, your risk varies from state to state.
"From ... 1986 to 2001, there have been 316 known HIV-related prosecutions [in the United States]. However, the conviction rate on those prosecutions has been pretty high, around 80 percent."
From the period between roughly 1986 to 2001, there have been 316 known HIV-related prosecutions [in the United States]. However, the conviction rate on those prosecutions has been pretty high, around 80 percent, which is certainly considerably higher than prosecutions in other categories.
Unfortunately, a significant number of those prosecutions deal with low-risk behavior. A significant number of those prosecutions have targeted people who are already politically unpopular, such as sex workers. And, a very significant percentage of those have also targeted people of color, particularly when the supposed victim was someone who is white.
Can you give me some examples of these prosecutions?
Some of them range from the ridiculous to the tragic. There are individuals who have been successfully prosecuted for supposedly spitting at someone who is a member of the criminal justice system -- whether it's a corrections officer or a police officer, this carries a higher than average risk that you will be prosecuted.
There was an individual [named Greg Smith] who was prosecuted and convicted and sentenced in the late 1980s in New Jersey, for allegedly biting a corrections officer. He received a 20-year sentence for attempted murder, even though the virus was not transmitted, and even though there were numerous facts suggesting that the inmate had not attacked anyone, but had been assaulted, and the prosecution was a product of a cover-up of that activity.
Have there been recent cases similar to that? Or was that a reflection of the paranoia of a long time ago?
I wish it was a long time ago. I think a lot of people here in New York, where we're having this conversation, may remember an individual named Nushawn Williams in upstate New York, who was prosecuted for allegedly transmitting HIV to a number of young women who, it should be mentioned, were white. [For more on this case, click here.] Basically, the knowledge of his relationships was a product of his voluntarily providing a lot of information during partner notification activities.
As I mentioned, a lot of these cases have involved low-risk activity. One prosecution that got a fair amount of press back in the 1990s involved the prosecution of a female sex worker based on the allegations of an older gentleman, who claimed that he was attacked and bitten by the sex worker in the course of a robbery. [For more on this case, click here.] The sex worker said that, in fact, this gentleman was a client of hers, and was basically accepting services and refusing to pay for them. She was successfully prosecuted for assault.
I think that case and the majority of these HIV-related prosecutions demonstrate that they are rooted in very significant differences in views and values related to drug use, sex, gay sex, sex work ... and the clash of those values.
So most of the prosecutions happen in that world -- whether it's among very poor people, or marginalized people. Have there been cases of wealthy people being prosecuted?
I'm not aware of any. There have been a number of prosecutions in the context of the military. I think what one can say about these prosecutions is that, if the criminal law was an effective tool of HIV prevention, and if in fact it served that purpose, then it would have to stop or deter the behavior of people who are responsible for the major proportion of new cases. Which means that those behaviors which are most responsible for spreading the virus -- voluntary sex and needle sharing -- would be affected by criminal laws. In fact, there is absolutely no evidence that that happens.
The behavior that most people accept as wrong, and perhaps even appropriate for criminal law penalties -- someone deliberately using HIV, or trying to use HIV status, as a tool to harm or terrorize somebody else -- is in fact extraordinarily rare, and is certainly not a significant factor in HIV transmission rates.
The behaviors that do drive the epidemic, which I mentioned are voluntary sex and needle sharing, are difficult, if not impossible, to prohibit and control. If these laws and these prosecutions were really intended, as their proponents say, to stop or slow the spread of HIV, then there would be some attention, or certainly more attention, to whether or not transmission actually occurs. But in the overwhelming number of prosecutions, there was no transmission.
"In many of the state laws, whether or not transmission occurs has nothing to do with the elements of proving a crime."
In many of the state laws, whether or not transmission occurs has nothing to do with the elements of proving a crime. Only a small handful of the roughly 25 states that have HIV-specific criminal laws actually require that the prosecutor show that the person intended to infect someone in order to get that conviction and send somebody to jail.
So, basically, what is being targeted is the sex lives of people with HIV, and the addiction of people with HIV, regardless of intent, regardless of whether they use protection. As I may have mentioned, only two of all of these laws make any distinction between protected and unprotected sex as an element of a crime, and whether you will wind up in prison. Only half of them make informed consent an affirmative defense to a prosecution.
When you say affirmative defense, what do you mean by that?
What that means is that if the person being prosecuted can turn around and prove that the person with whom they slept or shared a needle knew of their HIV status, knew of the risk that sleeping with someone with HIV poses, and then consented, then and only then can they raise that as a defense. But again, the burden is on the person who is being prosecuted, and that is available as a defense in fewer than half of the states that have HIV-specific laws.
Why is it only available in half?
I can venture a guess. I think it is because, again, what's being targeted is not a real public health problem -- which is people engaging in activities that expose them to infection without protecting themselves, regardless of what they know about their status -- but the notion that people with HIV should not be having sex, should not be sexually active.
In illustration of that, there are a couple of different states that we can look at. One state that I think proves that point is Illinois, where their statute makes the knowledge of infection and the engaging in intimate contact with another in and of itself a crime.
Explain that in real-person speak.
What that means is, if I am a woman in Illinois and I am HIV positive, if I get pregnant, that pregnancy, that fetus, could be evidence of criminal activity. It doesn't matter whether the other person knew [my HIV status]. It doesn't matter whether the partner willingly engaged in the act of impregnating me, knowing the risks and benefits. The fact of that pregnancy would make me a criminal in Illinois. Another example: If I were a gay man and I engaged in a relatively low-risk activity -- oral sex with a condom -- and no transmission occurs, I still am a potential felon.
Because you have HIV?
"If you are extraordinarily sexually active and engage in every imaginable kind of risk, but do not get tested, you are not likely to be liable, because you do not know that you are infected. So most of these statutes actually reward ignorance."
Because I know that I am infected. The focus is on people who have gotten tested. If you are extraordinarily sexually active and engage in every imaginable kind of risk, but do not get tested, you are not likely to be liable, because you do not know that you are infected. So most of these statutes actually reward ignorance. They penalize getting tested. You are generally only going to be subject to prosecution if you have been tested and know that you are positive.
How is that proven?
By the record of an HIV test result.
Meaning the record. If you go for a "confidential" test at a doctor's office, they could ask to see that?
Without your permission ... they could do it legally?
In most states, if there is a court order. In many states, if there were simply a request or a subpoena for it, that information would be turned over.
The allegation would be that this person knew, or should have known, that they were HIV positive. In fact, that was done in the case of Nushawn Williams. The Department of Health, apparently with very little consideration about it, turned over all sorts of confidential information about Nushawn, certainly not with his consent or with even his knowledge or prior notice.
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text:
Suvir Saran's Farro and Mushroom Burgers
Nutty, chewy, and good for you to boot, farro is a great grain. It can be slowly simmered and stirred in place of rice for risotto, tossed with veggies and chilled as a salad, or fried into crisp little patties for these Farro and Mushroom Burgers.
Reprinted with permission from Masala Farm by Suvir Saran. Copyright © 2012. Published by Chronicle Books. Available wherever books are sold. All rights reserved.
Read more: Cook the Book: 'Masala Farm'
- Yield:makes 10 patties
- Active time: 45 minutes
- Total time:45 minutes
- 3/4 cup farro
- 1 pound red potatoes (about 3)
- 1 sprig fresh rosemary
- 1 sprig fresh thyme
- 6 tablespoons unsalted butter
- 1 teaspoon freshly ground black pepper
- 1 pound cremini mushroom caps, finely chopped
- 1 1/4 teaspoon kosher salt
- 5 to 8 tablespoons extra-virgin olive oil
- 3 shallots, finely chopped
- 1 tablespoon dry white wine, dry vermouth, or water
- 1/2 cup finely grated Parmigiano-Reggiano cheese
- 1 cup panko bread crumbs
Bring 2 1/4 cups water to a boil in a medium saucepan. Add the farro, return to a boil, cover, and reduce the heat to medium-low, cooking until the farro is tender, about 30 minutes. Turn off the heat, fluff the farro with a fork, cover, and set aside.
While the farro cooks, boil the potatoes. Bring a large saucepan of water to a boil, add the potatoes, return the water to a boil, and cook until a paring knife easily slips into the center of the largest potato, about 20 minutes. Drain and set aside. Once the potatoes are cool, peel them and place them in a large bowl.
Remove the needles and leaves from the rosemary and thyme sprigs and place them in a large frying pan along with the butter and black pepper. Cook over medium-high heat, stirring occasionally. Once the herbs start cracking, after about 1 1/2 minutes, add the mushrooms and salt. Cook until the mushrooms release their liquid and the pan is dry again, 6 to 7 minutes, stirring often. Transfer the mushrooms to the bowl with the potatoes and set aside.
Heat 1 tablespoon of the olive oil in the same frying pan over medium-high heat. Add the shallots and cook until they are soft and just starting to brown, about 2 minutes. Add the wine and stir to work in any browned bits from the bottom of the pan. Turn off the heat and scrape the shallots into the bowl with the mushrooms and potatoes. Add the Parmigiano-Reggiano along with the farro. Use a potato masher or fork to mash the ingredients together.
Form the mixture into ten patties. Place the panko in a shallow dish and press the top and bottom of each patty into the panko to evenly coat. Heat 4 tablespoons of the olive oil in a clean large frying pan over medium-high heat. Add five patties and cook on each side until nicely browned and crusty, 8 to 10 minutes total. Remove the patties from the frying pan and place them on a plate. Repeat with the remaining patties, adding more oil between batches if necessary. Serve hot.
This Recipe Appears InCook the Book: 'Masala Farm' Suvir Saran's Farro and Mushroom Burgers
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