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Michael Chu
Joined: 10 May 2005
Posts: 1654
Location: Austin, TX (USA)
Posted: Tue Jun 06, 2006 4:30 am
Post subject: Re: Buttercream w/egg yolk
Amy wrote:
Would microwaving the above raw egg frosting (after making it, of course), kill off the salmonella, and then you could just rewhip it?
Depends on how long you microwave it. Trouble is, you might end up cooking the eggs and liquid would probably end up weeping out of it while it cooked and whipping it up would end up making it into small chunky soup. If you gently heat it and hold it at 160°F for a couple minutes, that will kill off any bacteria. Just do that to the eggs in a double boiler right before you use it in the recipe.
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Posted: Tue Jun 06, 2006 6:06 am
Post subject: Buttercream w/egg yolk
Thank you!
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Posted: Tue Jun 06, 2006 8:06 pm
Post subject: Posted Buttercream recipe
I like the way you posted your recipe method above--it is a lot less fussy than the Ann Warren recipe method (of Cupcake Cafe--she was featured on one of the earlier Martha Stewart Living shows some years back), where you first make the syrup, then blend it into the whole eggs, wait for it to cool, then pour that mixture into the butter you're whipping....
Let's hear it for one-bowl frosting!
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Joined: 03 Nov 2005
Posts: 34
Posted: Thu Jun 08, 2006 3:20 am
Post subject:
While we're on frostings, anyone have tips for a good merengue (jeez I can't spell - sorry!) style frosting? Everytime I make one, all I taste is egg whites. And its not terribly stable, either. It breaks down after a day and definitely does not keep in the fridge. I love a nice creamy frosting, but I do tire of the various buttercreams after a while.
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Posted: Sun Jun 11, 2006 9:37 pm
Post subject: Buttercream
Use flash-pasteurized egg whites. These are in cartons in the refrigerated section of the grocery store, next to the egg substitutes. They look raw, but they aren't. The powdered egg whites are great for royal icing, but the refrigerated ones work better for meringues. Of course, really fresh eggs work best, but I'm not convinced that the sugar syrup effectively cooks the eggs (whip out your instant-read thermometer if you want to decide for yourself), so I use flash-pasteurized for my retail sales.
I, too, graduated from a "culinary" school, but in my case, it was a "baking/pastry" school. There is a difference.
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Posted: Sun Jul 02, 2006 6:44 am
Post subject: General Buttercream Question
I ran across this site while searching for a recipe for buttercream frosting. I am a huge fan of the old-fashioned bakery birthday cakes with the thick buttercream frosting flowers all over them (I was never one of those who would leave chunks of leftover icing on the plate!)
Anyway, buying an entire cake just to satisfy a random craving is ridiculous (and dangerous!), so I was hoping to learn how to make my own, but I want it to taste like the real thing. Even if I wanted to buy an entire cake, it's hard to find a decent one anymore. In my area, there are so many grocery-store bakeries that there are few independent bakeries around, and most of the grocery stores get it wrong, opting for that fluffier icing version that can only be described as tasting like a mixture of Cool Whip and Pledge.
To me, confectioners' sugar has a funny taste to it, and I think that's the problem with the recipes I've tried in the past, though I'm not 100% certain that's been the whole problem. Anyway, I wanted to know if, based on my description of what I'm trying to make, anyone can confirm that recipe is what I'm looking for.
Thank you!
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Joined: 30 Jun 2006
Posts: 2
Location: Centralia, IL
Posted: Tue Jul 04, 2006 3:46 am
Post subject: Confectioners Sugar Alternative
My mother's "special" cakes were the Waldorf-Astoria red chocolate cake and Nutmeg Feather Cake from a 1950s Betty Crocker cookbook. She always used what she called 12 minute frosting (also called "Poor Man's Icing) on both -- still my favorite frosting. No confectioners sugar. Easy and cheap and tasty -- and it can be flavored as you wish. It is similar to the two listed above but not quite. Great as a filling for sandwich cookies or in/on chocolate cupcakes.
Step One: Mix 1 cup milk with 4 Tablespoons of flour (COOK & STIR UNTIL THICK, COOL).
Step Two: Beat 16 Tablespoons of butter (unsalted) with 1 teaspoon of vanilla for four minutes.
Step Three: Slowly beat in 1 cup sugar (regular or superfine granulated) on high speed four minutes until fluffy.
Step Four: Add cooked and cooled flour mixture and beat four minutes more.
We usually used this on cakes eaten the same day, but you would probably want to refrigerate it if not (all that butter). It gets hard like a buttercream when refrigerated, so allow cake to come to room temperature before serving.
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Joined: 29 Aug 2006
Posts: 1
Location: Galapagar, Madrid, Spain
Posted: Tue Aug 29, 2006 10:52 am
Post subject:
Thank you for this post. It is essential for non-nortamericans
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Posted: Sat Sep 16, 2006 6:14 pm
Post subject: Cooked Icing & Lumps
I have a recipe for icing that my mother in law always made for every birthday & holiday we had. She passed away last year and I have inherited all of her recipes and now everyone expects me to make this cake. Problem is everytime I make the icing I get lumps, Tons of little lumps! It is a 2 part recipe. one that you cook flour, milk & salt. you cook it in a double boiler until thick. then you let cool. I then make a mixture of crisco, margerine, sugar and vanilla. beat till no longer sugary. I then add the two and beat. Neither of the mixtures have lumps until I combine the two then out of no where these little lumps of the "cooked" mixture appear. Does anyone know what I'm doing wrong? How do I get rid of the lumps?
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Posted: Mon Oct 02, 2006 6:26 am
Post subject: This is a Cook's Illustrated Recipe
This recipe, Buttercream Frosting (American) is actually a Cooks Illustrated recipe called, Rich Vanilla Buttercream Frosting found in their New Best Recipes Book and Baking Illustrated books.
It is a great recipe and glad to see it hear with pictures. I also like Cooks Illustrated Rich Coffee Buttercream Frosting, a variation that accompanies this recipe, very tasty.
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Posted: Tue Oct 03, 2006 8:59 am
Post subject: Re: This is a Cook's Illustrated Recipe
cakeman wrote:
This recipe, Buttercream Frosting (American) is actually a Cooks Illustrated recipe called, Rich Vanilla Buttercream Frosting found in their New Best Recipes Book and Baking Illustrated books.
With a recipe as simple as buttercream, it seems like there would be many sources with almost the exact same recipe. Michael's had a good history of crediting his sources when he uses an existing recipe, so maybe he forgot on this one or didn't realize that the recipe he uses is the same as the Cook's Illustrated one. Maybe he'll update his write up with a reference to Cook's after reading these comments. Ahem, Michael?
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Posted: Wed Oct 04, 2006 10:45 pm
Post subject: separated buttercream
Michael, I have had the same experience with a buttercream recipe made with egg yolks and soft-ball stage sugar. As some of the others have suggested, heating the bowl lets the buttercream to come back together. I believe that when the butter is too cold, it "crystallizes" into an ordered state that refuses to mix with the rest of the ingredients. The irony is that the harder you beat the heck out of it, the more it refuses to combine. A little heat agitates the molecules enough to reach a disordered state, giving you fluffy frosting. There is a technical term for this that skips my mind at the moment.
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Posted: Sat Oct 14, 2006 2:20 pm
Post subject: buttercream
PLEASE help!
I did the sugar mixture to "soft ball stage", and upon adding it to the egg yolks that I kept moving with the mixer, it simply stuck to the side and bottom of the stainless steel bowl. Mixing over was like trying to mix a marble. Even the tiniest of streams drizzled down the side in the whipped egg yolks resulted in the hard, crystaline blob like precipatate at the bottom! (Eggs were at room temperature, sugar syrup was hot right off burner.) I do not have thermometer, but relied on "soft ball" stage in glass of water.
Can anyone help? I need this buttercream TONIGHT. Thanks!
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Posted: Sat Oct 14, 2006 2:39 pm
Post subject: Re: buttercream
novice wrote:
PLEASE help!
I did the sugar mixture to "soft ball stage", and upon adding it to the egg yolks that I kept moving with the mixer, it simply stuck to the side and bottom of the stainless steel bowl. Mixing over was like trying to mix a marble. Even the tiniest of streams drizzled down the side in the whipped egg yolks resulted in the hard, crystaline blob like precipatate at the bottom! (Eggs were at room temperature, sugar syrup was hot right off burner.) I do not have thermometer, but relied on "soft ball" stage in glass of water.
Uhm, not to be rude, but have you read Michael's description of how to make buttercream or are you using a random recipe? At no point does the recipe call for heating a sugar mixture to soft ball stage (which is around 235F) and then adding egg yolks to it. Michael clearly states that you start with the egg yolks, sugar, and whatnot and heat that mixture until 160.
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Posted: Sat Oct 14, 2006 3:00 pm
Post subject: buttercream
Thanks, guest. McDee DID post about 'soft ball' stage. (Scroll back) I am using a Julia Child recipe that I used quite successfully 15 years ago for a genoise, and got raves. This recipe says 'till 238 degrees F', which is soft ball stage.
Not having the thermometer anymore, can you sugest an approximation of when 160? (Emeril Lagasse has a buttercream that uses sugar and corn syrup heated till disolved). I would like to follow Michael's and your suggestions.
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Potato and leek rösti with chick peas and coriander salad
This will be saved to your scrapbook
You can also add it to one of your existing cookbooks
Serves: 4
500g Maris Piper potatoes
2 tbsp olive oil
1 leek, thinly sliced
400g can esssetial Waitrose Chick peas, drained
20g pack Cooks' Ingredients Coriander, chopped
1 carrot, grated
1tsp ground coriander
Juice of lemon
1. Peel the potatoes and cut in half. Cook in pan of boiling water for 5-6 minutes until just starting to soften, then drain and leave until cool enough to handle. Coarsely grate the potatoes into a bowl. Heat half the oil in a non-stick frying pan and cook the leek for 5 minutes until soft but not browned. Add to the potato, season and mix well.
2. In a separate bowl, mix the chick peas, fresh coriander, carrot, ground coriander, lemon juice and some seasoning to make the salad.
3. Divide the potato mixture into 4 and shape into rough patties with your hands, then heat the remaining oil in a medium non-stick frying pan. Add the rösti to the pan and cook for 3-4 minutes until golden brown, then turn over and cook the other side. Serve with the coriander and chick pea salad. You could also add a spoonful of natural yogurt, if you like.
As an alternative, you can make one large rösti and cut it into wedges to serve. Try crushed cumin seeds instead of the ground coriander in the salad for a different flavour.
The coriander in this recipe demands a wine with aromatic elements, as well as body for the rösti, yet still with delicious freshness: Doña Dominga Reserva Sauvignon Blanc / Viognier Colchagua Valley, Chile.
Typical values per serving:
|Saturated Fat
Champteloup Sauvignon Blanc
This recipe was first published in Sat Jan 01 09:48:00 GMT 2011.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
by Tom Utescher
In decades of frustration in basketball bouts against Germantown Academy, Springside School had never gone into overtime against the Patriots. Last Friday afternoon, the rechristened "Springside Chestnut Hill Academy" almost beat host GA in regulation play, but with less than 10 seconds remaining the Patriots received a lifesaving lay-up from senior guard Jaryn Garner to force an OT period.
The four-minute tiebreaker began with a 33-33 count, and Germantown posted the first seven points of the extra session in order to prevail, 40-35. They remained unbeaten in the Girls Inter-Ac League, now 8-0, while raising their overall record to 16-6. The SCH Lions slipped to 7-13 on the season and fell to 3-5 in the Inter-Ac, despite holding a second-half lead in every league game they've played.
Junior forward Kiernan McCloskey led the Patriots with a double-double performance that encompassed 20 points, 10 rebounds, and four steals, while Garner, a University of Virginia signee, recorded 10 points and eight boards, along with six assists and five steals. Junior guard Fran Sweeney scored two of her four points during the overtime stint, and Dempsey Cooper, Natalie Toner, and Angela Upright added two points apiece for the winners.
Upright, a 6'2" junior, had only recently begun to see action for GA, having missed the first two months of the season while in the final stages of knee surgery rehabilitation. For SCH, it was the first game back for junior guard Gianna Pownall, who'd suffered a concussion in an on-court collision during the first game against GA, back on January 3. She totaled 11 points last Friday, scoring the Lions' only points in the OT. The top scorer for the visitors was senior forward Elana Roadcloud, who played well all game long and split her 12 points evenly between the first and second halves. Classmate Sydni Epps collected her six points by hitting three-pointers in the third and fourth quarters, and two other seniors, Michelle Boggs and Alexis Giovinazzo, contributed three points each for the Lions.
Germantown played good interior defense against the 6'1" Boggs, who did not score a field goal last Friday after notching 11 points the first time the two teams met.
At the beginning of January, the Lions had proved to themselves that they could play with the Patriots, at least for awhile. An energetic press helped them attain a 21-10 lead in the first quarter, but their stamina waned and GA was back within three at the half. GA went on to win, 51-39, with the Lions' performance becoming fragmented when the Patriots pressured them.
After last week's rematch, first-year SCH coach Steve Purcell said, "We didn't get rattled this time. I thought we played a disciplined game, especially on defense, holding them to 10 points in the second half.
Gianna played a good game in her first game back, and Jules [sophomore point guard Julia Schumacher] played great. Sydni had one of her better games, playing under control and hitting a couple of big three's."
Following a 10-10 standoff in the first quarter, Giovinazzo lofted a three-pointer from the left wing. McCloskey hit a short turnaround jumper for the Pats, but then a baseline shot from Roadcloud and two free throws by Boggs gave Springside a 17-12 lead with five minutes to go in the half.
The Lions would not score again before the intermission. Cooper started an 11-O GA spree with a drive down the lane, and McCloskey ended it with two transition field goals in the last 40 seconds, sending her ballclub into the locker room with a 23-17 profit.
At this point in some other tight games, Springside Chestnut Hill was unable to regroup and rally, but not this time. The visitors began with a Roadcloud lay-up and a trey by Epps, then Roadcloud scored in transition off a pass from junior Maddi Hinchey. Germantown missed a pair of free throws, but SCH's Pownall didn't miss on a drive at the other end, putting the Lions up 26-23 with 1:07 to go in the third period.
After numerous missed shots of every variety by a number of players, GA finally scored its first points of the second half on a 12-footer by McCloskey. SCH got those points back on a pair of free throws by Roadcloud, winning round three 11-2 and starting the fourth with a 28-25 edge.
Coming out after halftime, the Lions had hustled back on defense to limit GA's transition offense, and they formed a physically tough barrier when the Patriots were in their offensive set.
"The shots weren't falling," said Germantown's Garner. "Springside's a good physical team and they ran with us. It was frustrating because we couldn't get to the line and we couldn't make our lay-ups and jump shots."
Both sides of the scoreboard moved slowly in the fourth quarter, which opened with McCloskey and SCH's Pownall trading baskets. The GA junior then went coast-to-coast to get her squad within a point of the lead, 30-29, with 3:13 remaining. At the middle of the period, the visitors' Roadcloud hit the floor hard, and physical play continued as McCloskey took a shot to the mouth with 1:35 to go. She had to leave the court when play was stopped, and Sweeney came in to take the free throws that had been awarded, making them both.
"After we got behind, I think the difference for us was valuing the ball and holding onto it better," Garner explained.
Still, the Lions would hold the lead one last time, with Epps lobbing in a three-pointer from the left wing with 1:13 to go, making it 33-31. GA committed back-to-back fouls – just its second and third of the half – and then the Patriots managed to tie up the ball. The possession arrow favored SCH, but inbounds pressure by Germantown produced a five-second call against the Lions on the sideline. GA called time out with 35 seconds on the clock.
The Patriots forced up an errant baseline shot but got the ball back, and Garner drove towards the hoop. She pulled up to hit a shot that was more of a baby jumper than a true lay-up, and with 9.4 seconds left the game was tied. Coming back down the floor, the Lions bobbled the ball at midcourt and couldn't get off a sound shot.
"They made the basket they needed to tie it," SCH's Purcell said. "She [Garner] made a great play; that's why she's going to UVA."
Each side missed several shots at the start of the four-minute overtime, but with 2:18 left McCloskey made a lay-up that pushed the Pats ahead for keeps.
"We had some decent looks, but we didn't make shots," commented Purcell. They got up and then we had to foul, and they made their free throws."
GA held the ball out at the top of the offense, and more time went off the clock as the Lions had to go from four team fouls up to the seven needed to force the one-and-one. Garner had gone one-for-six at the line during regulation play, but with 36.3 on the overtime ticker she stepped up for her most important free throws of the night, converting the one-and-one to spread the margin to four points.
"The free throws weren't there earlier," she admitted. "I had hurt my wrist awhile back and this was the first game I didn't tape it, so it felt a little different. In overtime I just focused and told myself I've got to make these for my team. I willed them in."
The senior followed up with a key defensive play, going aloft to steal an airborne inbounds pass by SCH. A foul on GA's Sweeney ensued, yielding two more points from the line with 32 seconds left. At the far end the Lions missed a three-point attempt, with Pownall grabbing the rebound out of the air but landing with one foot over the baseline.
Garner hit the front end of a one-and-one with 15 seconds left to round out GA's total for the night. The Lions finally scored their first points of the overtime on a lay-up by Pownall, but there were only seven seconds left to play.


text:
Celebrate Cinco de Mayo with Avocados
This week we celebrate Cinco de Mayo, which commemorates the Mexican army's victory over French forces in 1862. For most of us, it serves as an opportunity to celebrate Mexican heritage and history while enjoying the delicious foods Mexico has to offer. In recent years more and more Mexican restaurants have popped up across the country and it is fairly common to see them packed on May 5th with patrons enjoying such things as fajitas and margaritas. In honor of Cinco de Mayo, I'd like to share a recipe I use quite often and in a variety of ways–homemade guacamole.
Aside from the most familiar serving suggestion–as a dip for tortilla chips, I also use this as a spread for sandwiches and as a topping for grilled chicken. I'll give you the version I make most often, but you can tweak this recipe to your liking (some may choose to omit the jalapeno pepper or use more/less cilantro). You might want to check out some other tips for enjoying avocados on our website since they are tasty, filling and versatile!
4 avocados
1 fresh jalapeno pepper, seeded and finely chopped
1 clove garlic, finely minced
1/3 cup chopped red onion
2 plum tomatoes, seed and chopped
2 tablespoons chopped fresh cilantro (I typically use more than this since I love the flavor!)
Salt and pepper to taste (optional)
- Peel all four avocados and remove the pit. Mash two into a mixing bowl using a metal or wooden spoon. Take the remaining two and dice into bite-sized pieces. Add them to the mashed avocado.
- Add chopped jalapeno pepper, minced garlic, chopped red onion, chopped tomatoes and chopped cilantro to the avocados.
- Mix well and add cracked black papper and/or a little salt to taste.


text:
How To Stop Losing Motivation Right Now!
You know the feeling, you start out on a new path to better health, being more organised or some other goal that you know is really important to you.
At the beginning you feel like you've thought everything through and you're really motivated to get going. Everything seems to be going great! Your plans have paid off and your journey towards your goal couldn't seem easier.
So… why do you begin to slip?
Unless something happens to get you back on track, your goals seem to fade into obscurity.
You find yourself missing the odd gym session, and not being quite as organised. Whatever it is, you can feel yourself slipping back into your old ways. Unless something happens to get you back on track, your goals seem to fade into obscurity and before you know it, weeks have passed since you did anything you initially planned so hard for.


text:
At Alamitos West Health Care Center, we are dedicated to putting you at the heart of everything we do™. Our innovative Platinum Programs were purposefully created to enrich the lives of our residents. To ensure that each resident receives the maximum benefit possible, each program is personalized to their individual needs and desires.
Food for Life™ provides our residents with a wide variety of healthy, locally sourced foods. This dining program minimizes processed foods and maximizes nutritional value, flavor and presentation. Rooted in a mind, body, spirit approach, Food for Life helps enable residents to achieve an optimum level of overall wellbeing. Each meal is thoughtfully plated to stimulate appetites with flavor, color, texture, and beauty. Our residents enjoy whole, delicious, low sodium food options delivered from a professional chef-driven kitchen.
We offer FIT Functional Fitness® exercise classes each day at Alamitos West Health Care Center. Developed in partnership with a board-certified exercise physiologist, FIT Functional Fitness® is designed to go beyond typical senior fitness programs to help improve residents' core strength, balance and cardiovascular health, as well as promote relaxation. The targeted exercises are created to deliver the maximum benefit for each participant. The goal is to increase overall health and wellbeing, reduce potential for falls, and encourage residents to remain active. Where possible, the program can reduce the need for assistive mobility devices.
FIT Functional Fitness® incorporates four fitness programs, taking current health levels into consideration and allowing all residents to participate, no matter their current functional fitness level. As their strength and endurance increases, residents may choose to progress to the other programs offered.
FIT to be Strong® – The core of the FIT Functional Fitness® program, FIT to be Strong® incorporates strength building exercises both seated and lying down, and balance exercises while standing.
FIT to Stretch® – Stretching exercises aimed at decreasing pain and improving range of motion, while promoting relaxation.
FIT to Pedal® – Endurance-based exercise where participants use a stationary pedaler.
FIT to Balance® – A progressive program designed to enhance the time individuals spend on their feet, improving endurance and balance skills. Participants can work their way up to having more balance confidence, which equates to fewer falls and increased independence.
Bringing together people of all ages is an important focus of Alamitos West Health Care Center and our management company, The Goodman Group. Children learn from the experiences and encouragement of seniors, while children's wonder and boundless enthusiasm helps keep seniors young at heart. Our mission is to embrace all generations through innovative programs and services that create life enriching communities.
Ages Entwined® – This program usually involves senior resident and young child interactions. Fosters new relationships between the ages and meaningful experiences.
Grand Connections™ – A program to bring seniors from the community together with other generations, to participate together in meaningful – happy, present, mindful – interactions. Specifically, these connections are designed to make a difference in the senior's quality of life.
Valiant Veterans® is a Life Enrichment program open to anyone who has served in the U.S. military, as well as their spouses, family members and friends. The response to the program has been tremendous. Our program gives veterans a chance to talk with one another, share stories and commemorate unique times in American history. It is such an honor for us to host the program – it gives us a chance to honor their service to our country. Our residents and guests are so proud of their service, and they share the most amazing stories of courage, valor and commitment.


text:
PLBaldwin necesitaba un nuevo diseño de logotipo y lanzó un concurso de diseño en 99designs.
Un ganador ha sido elegido entre 36 diseños de 9 diseñadores freelance.
Better Kitchen Utensils AKA "BKU"
BKU is a e commerce solution for Information and purchases of High quality Kitchen tools Featuring "Qiang" (Strong) Brand of Damascus style Chef knives (Think Shun). We start with a small catalog of chef knives and add other products that meet out criteria of stylish functional Kitchen Tools. One of our competitions, http://www.knifemerchant.com/ Has a style and colors that Green and Mustard I like a lot, With a Chef Knife as part of the logo. I have been a professional chef and restaurant owner for over thirty years and love the hospitality industry. Foodie and life long learner
Our target markets consists of sales people looking for unique closing gifts, professional chefs, cooks and enthusiasts. Most consumers of high quality gifts and professional tools are knowledgeable and are somewhat affluent. I am looking for a logo that conveys a understated stylish message of trust and strength. This market is well established and many of the consumers have bought these kind of product before. Most are sophisticated foodies or industry professionals.
Here is a amateurish banner I designed has the Chinese character of Qiang (Strong) I am looking for something like it that is more professional with the name and Initials The Knife component should feature Damascus blade design. Be creative and not to simple This will be my corporate logo as well as the website logo for years to come and I would like something that will stand the test of time. I love Chinese calligraphy, the Character can be a great part of the design and can ( and should ) be modified from what is currently on the banner. My intent is to add many lines of Japanese, German and international designed knives so a somewhat International feel would be nice. I think warmer colors would be a good place to start . So far I have mostly talked about knives but I also will add some American and European designed kitchen utensils, tools and appliances. I do not want the current tag line of " Bringing Better Kitchen Utensils to a modern world" in cluded. But Would like "Strong Tools" included
Descubre cómo funciona un concurso de diseño u obtén más información sobre nuestros servicios de diseño de logo.


text:
ROXBURY, Mass. – At the 2nd Annual UMass Boston Indoor Open, UMass Boston saw some top performances from key returners as well as some newcomers at the Reggie Lewis Center Saturday afternoon.
Leading the way for the Beacons was All-American runner Hulerie McGuffie (Lynn, Mass.) who earned a first place finish in the 400 meter dash with her time of 57.87 seconds, which also marked a personal best for the sophomore. Also having a strong debut was seniors Ari Leao (New Bedford, Mass.) in the 800 meter run (2:31.30) and Renee O'Brien (Stoneham, Mass.) in the 400 meter run (1:01.61). Leao posted a second place finish in the 200, while O'Brien took fourth and earned a new personal best in the 400.
O'Brien also posted a 5th place finish in the 200 meter dash with a time of 26.66 behind McGuffie who finished 3rd with her time of 26.39 (personal best).
For the men's team newcomer Shawn Lawson (Westford, Mass.) sprinted his way to a third place finish in the 200 meter dash with a time of 22.56 seconds. Junior Tylor Hart (Newton, Mass.) leaped his way to a height of 6-04.75 feet in the high jump to finish in the top four.
In the women's throwing events newcomer Taylor Smith (Burlington, Mass.) finished in sixth place in the shot put with her toss of 36-08.25 feet. Anitra Kloczewiak (New Bedford, Mass.) grabbed a 12th place finish in the weight throw with her toss of 36-07.75 feet.
In the men's 60 meter dash preliminaries, Kelly Desane (finished in 31st place with a time of 7.45 seconds. Fritz Gustave (Fall River, Mass.) recorded the second fastest time in the 60 for UMass Boston with his time of 7.52 seconds.
Also in action on Saturday was Shawn Lawson (Westford, Mass.) who led the Beacons in the 400 meter dash. The newcomer posted a time of 52.64 seconds to earn 16th place overall. Nobert Simon (Chelsea, Mass.) finished in 20th place with a time of 53.33 seconds. Desane crossed the finish line with the second fastest time in the 200 with his time of 23.78 seconds.
Xavier Romero was the lone competitor in the 60 meter hurdles and finished in eighth place with a time of 9.19 seconds. Quang Le (Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam) recorded a jump of 19-04.00 feet to take 18th place in the long jump. Romero posted a 22nd place finish with his jump of 18-10.50 feet. In weight throw Kervens Jean-Phillippe (Milton, Mass.) finished in 21st place with his throw of 28-00.75 feet.
The Beacons return to action on January 4 when they compete in the Roxbury Community College Tiger All-Comers Meet at the Reggie Lewis Center.


text:
The Details
- Humpday
- Mark Duplass, Joshua Leonard, Alycia Delmore
- Directed by Lynn Shelton
- Rated R
- Beyond the Weekly
- Humpday
- Rotten Tomatoes: Humpday
- IMDb: Humpday
You'd hardly expect to see Paul Rudd and Owen Wilson in a movie making out with each other or discussing the logistics of filming themselves having sex, but most of what else goes on in the acclaimed indie comedy Humpday (a big hit at Sundance and Cannes before coming to CineVegas this past June) is sort of the low-key version of one of those bro comedies from the Apatow/Stiller overlapping band of filmmakers. Writer-director Shelton crafts a ramshackle story about old buddies Ben (Duplass) and Andrew (Leonard, who has a very Wilsonian drawl), reunited after years apart, who concoct a drunken plan to enter an amateur porn festival with a movie featuring, in their words, "two straight dudes bonin'."
Exactly why they want to do this is never quite clear, but it soon becomes a matter of pride, to prove that Ben hasn't turned into a suburban prude, and that Andrew really is the daring bohemian he fancies himself. Despite the low-fi aesthetic and naturalistic dialogue, most of the movie plays like a more relaxed version of something like I Love You, Man or The 40-Year-Old Virgin, but not really in a bad way. It's funny and sweet and curious about the nature of dude friendship, although Shelton, like her characters, equivocates a little too much about the eventual outcome of the story. If it were Rudd and Wilson, things would be a little tidier—and maybe a little more satisfying.


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Kâtip Çelebi was arguably the most important Ottoman intellectual figure of the 17th century. Being the author of many works in the fields of bio-bibliography, geography, history and economics, he held reformist opinions and cultivated knowledge of both the classical Islamic tradition in science and culture as well as a relative familiarity with the European literature of his time. 2009 being the 400th anniversary of his birth, several meetings and conferences have been organised to celebrate him as intellectual and scholar. In the following article, we present an account of some of those events that were organised recently in Turkey, with a survey of Kâtip Çelebi's bio-bibliography.
Table of contents
1. Celebrating the 400th anniversary of Kâtip Çelebi
2. The world through the eyes of Pîrî Reis and Kâtip Çelebi
4. His intellectual production
4.1. The major books
4.2. Translations and rewritings
4.3. Minor writings
5. References and further reading
5.1. Articles on Kâtip Çelebi on www.MuslimHeritage.com
5.2. General bibliography
1. Celebrating the 400th anniversary of Kâtip Çelebi
On the 400th anniversary of the birth of Kâtip Çelebi (1609-1657), the Turkish commission of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) has declared 2009 year of celebration of this Ottoman intellectual. Kâtip Çelebi was a Turkish Ottoman scholar. Known as Kâtip Çelebi and Haji Khalifa, his real name is Mustafa bin Abdallah (1609, Istanbul - 1657 Istanbul). The son of a soldier, he himself was a soldier for ten years until an inheritance made him turn to a more contemplative life. He performed his Hajj in 1635. He became a government official (ikindji khalif) while continuing to write his encyclopedic contributions.
Among his chief works is the famous bio-bibliography book that he wrote in Arabic Kashf al-zunun 'an asami 'l-kutub wa'l-funn ("The Removal of Doubt from the Names of Books and the Sciences") which documents some 15,000 entries in alphabetical order. This work served as a basis for the "Bibliothèque Orientale" by Barthélemy d'Herbelot de Molainville. He was also the author of many works in the fields of geography, history and economics.
On the occasion of the celebrations of the Çelebi year, an international conference, with 30 scholars from around the world was organised in June 19-20 2009 at the Ankara State Painting and Sculpture Museum. Two FSTC members participated in the conference: Professor Salim T S Al-Hassani, Hon. Chairman of FSTC, and Dr Salim Ayduz, senior researcher at FSTC (click here to see photos of the conference taken by Dr Ayduz).
In his lecture on "The General conditions of the Islamic civilisation in the 17th century", Salim Al-Hassani states that honouring and commemorating educational scholars like Kâtip Çelebi brings us to a very important zone of knowledge: that is the lack of knowledge in the minds of people around the world in the major and strategic contributions such scholars have made to our present civilisation. There is in fact amnesia or a gap in public knowledge of the period of 1000 years that lasted until Kâtip Çelebi's time. A cursory survey of the traditional media, new media and school curricula revealed startling results. It begins from the time of the fall of the Roman Empire to the times of Kâtip Çelebi.
In the public perception, after the fall of the Roman Empire there was an extraordinary dark period that lasted for about 1000 years, from about 600 CE to the European Renaissance in the 16th century. This temporal segment in human history is portrayed as empty of any civilised activity and is generally called the "Dark Ages". In fact, such a conception of history is a misnomer, for during this precise millennium there was an exceptionally rich burst of civilisation that manifested itself in a dynamic scientific tradition and intellectual activity that radiated from Baghdad (after it was founded in 762 CE and became the capital of the unified Islamic World) and along a glittering crescent through Turkey, North Africa and into Spain and Southern Italy. For many years, people in the West associated Baghdad and Istanbul with stories such as the 1001 nights (or Arabian nights). In contrast, today there is negligible information in schools' curricula or in the media about the enormous number of inventions and innovations from that period that still affect our lives.
Such amnesia has a negative impact on people's attitudes and tends to reinforce stereo-typing of Muslims and at the same time nourishes a superiority complex in the attitudes of non-Muslim Americans and Europeans. This gap reinforces the divide in that people in the Muslim world associate the "West" with negative traits and those in the West, especially Americans, say little or nothing or about the Muslim world. There is a worldwide hunger for dialogue, but the language used has, in the main, been confined to religious or political dialogue. This has unfortunately been met with limited success.
A new language based on cultural inter-dependence, especially the cultural origins of inventions, seem to bring a breath of fresh air into the atmosphere, creating new possibilities for mutual respect and at the same time inspiring a paradigm shift amongst the new Muslim generation.
To fill this gap, the Chairman of FSTC details some results of recent work carried out on "Curriculum Enrichment" in partnership with the Qualification and Curriculum Authority (QCA) and the Association of Science Education (ASE). An example of amnesia is the frequent jump in text books from Greek names of scientists to Da Vinci, Galileo and Newton.
He also highlights the dangerous gap of knowledge in the media and the social media, such as Google, Yahoo, U-tube, and discussion forums and blogs like Wikipedia or popular games like Second Life. An example of the huge imbalance in cyberspace may be witnessed by googling the name of Kâtip Çelebi (110,000 times) compared with the name "Da Vinci" (33.5 million and Isaac Newton 2.5 Million).
History tells us that Kâtip Çelebi was a moderate, a great scholar and educationalist at a time of moderation in Ottoman Islamic jurisprudence. It is said he died in 1657 with a cup of coffee in his hand, perhaps to the disapproval of some Imams in his time who disallowed both coffee and tobacco. That was the very time when coffee houses radiated from Istanbul to become the hubs for enlightenment in Vienna, Paris, Oxford, London and Boston.
Continuing with this line of analysis, Dr. Salim Ayduz spoke at the conference on "Comments and Observations of Kâtip Çelebi on the Ottoman Madrasas Curriculum", aiming to examine Kâtip Çelebi's ideas about the teaching system of his time. Arguments on the curriculum of the Ottoman madrasas have been continuing for a few decades. In certain contemporary studies undertaken up until quite recently it has been argued that the Sahn Saman Madrasas constructed under Mehmed II's orders resembled European universities and that Ali Kuscu, Grand Vizier Mahmud Pasha and Molla Khusraw developed a curriculum for the Madrasa. However, the most recent research on the subject has attempted to correct this mistaken impression about the Fatih Madrasas and their resemblance to a modern university and the claims put forth about their supposed curricula.
By the end of the 16th century and the beginning of the 17th century, an argument fired up between the Ottoman intellectuals on the Ottoman Madrasas curriculum and the gradual decline of the madrasas. A number of Ottoman writers discussed this subject, viewing this decline as similar to that taking place in other state institutions. They agreed that toward the end of the 16th century, the performance of madrasas began gradually to fall below earlier levels mainly due to falling teaching standards. Gelibolulu Mustafa Ali attributed the decline of the madrasas to a decline in interest in scholarly studies, to the appearance of sons of senior members of the ulema and their rapid rise in position to enter into scholarly careers via special connections, to the enrolment of teachers and judges under the influence of bribes and to a poor differentiation then being made between real scholars and ignorant men as well as to a decline in the writing of scholarly works. Other Ottoman thinkers believed the decline of the madrasa system was due to such things as the overly large numbers of students trained and the irregularities in the way in which the teachers were ranked.
Figure 4: Professor Salim Al-Hassani presenting his lecture before the conference. (Source).
Kâtip Çelebi attributed the decline to the elimination from the madrasa curriculum of the rational and mathematical sciences. Although his intellectual training and personal readings covered the major part of the madrasa curriculum, Kâtip Çelebi never obtained an ijaza (diploma), nevertheless he continued to earn a living in the chancery, spending most of his relatives' inheritance on books, putting together what was probably the largest private library in Istanbul in his time. From this unique position, of being an eminent Ottoman intellectual from outside the teaching system, Kâtip Çelebi criticized the madrasa curriculum and contemporary scholars in terms of scholarly life in the Ottoman State.
2. The world through the eyes of Pîrî Reis and Kâtip Çelebi
Within the framework of the Çelebi year, Bahçesehir University Civilization Studies Center organised an exhibit The Ottoman Worldview from Piri Reis to Kâtip Çelebi. The exhibit aims to reach a wide international audience during the years of 2009 and 2010 through a travelling exhibition of maps depicting the Ottoman worldview from Piri Reis to Kâtip Çelebi who made some of the most significant contributions to Ottoman geography and cartography (click here to see some of these maps)
The collection of Ottoman-era maps of the two great Ottoman Turkish cartographers of the 16th and 17th centuries Admiral Pîrî Reis and scholar Kâtip Çelebi was on display at Istanbul's Dolmabahçe Palace Art Gallery.
Figure 5: Dr Salim Ayduz during his lecture. (Source).
"The Ottomans' Worldview: from Pîrî Reis to Kâtip Çelebi" includes detailed maps from the two prominent men who made some of the most important contributions to Ottoman geography and cartography together with works from other geographers from the same era. The exhibition, organized by the Istanbul-based Bahçesehir University Civilization Studies Center (MEDAM), aims to show the perspective of the Ottoman Empire from 1650 to 1660. The exhibition also features maps from other geographers of the 16th and 17th centuries as well as maps of Ottoman territories from various European geographers of the time.
The exhibition was located at the Dolmabahçe Palace Art Gallery in Istanbul, and it is scheduled to travel to other locations in Turkey and abroad later this year. Conferences on the work of Kâtip Çelebi will be held to accompany the show.
The primary source of information on the life of Kâtip Çelebi is the autobiographical sections in many of his works, such as Sullam al-Wusul, Cihannüma and Mizanü'l-Haqq. Kâtip Çelebi was born in Istanbul. Sullam al-Wusul records the date of his birth as Dhulqada 1017/February 1609. His father was a member of the cavalry and a scribe in the fiscal administration. The sizable sum of money he inherited from his mother and from a wealthy merchant suggests that his mother came from a wealthy family in Istanbul.
After his initial instruction in Istanbul, Kâtip Çelebi joined his father in the chancery as his apprentice in 1032/1622. In 1034/1624 father and son went on campaign with the army against Abaza Pasa of Erzurum (d. 1044/1634), continuing with the campaign to recapture Baghdad (1035/1625-26) and a second campaign against Abaza Pasa (1037/1627-28). Both his father and his uncle died during the retreat from Bagdad in 1036/1626. Whereas his account of these campaigns occasionally reflects his personal involvement, there is hardly any personal reminiscence regarding events in the capital, such as the downfall and murder of Osman II (r. 1027-31/1618-22).
Figure 6: An 18th-century copy of the Cihan-numa, a manual on geography of the earth by Kâtip Çelebi, preserved in the Leiden University Library (MS Or. 12.363). (Source).
Following his return to Istanbul, Kâtip Çelebi's career as a scribe was stalled due to the death of his father. The decisive turn in his intellectual career came when he made the acquaintance of Qadizade Mehmed Efendi (d. 1044/1635) and began to take lessons with him. After two more campaigns, first to Iran then again to Baghdad (1038-40/ 1629-31), Kâtip Çelebi began his serious studies on central works of kalam and fiqh with Qadizade, as well as on al-Gazali's Ihya' 'ulum al-din and Birgivi's al-Tariqa al-Muhammadiyya. These lessons ended when Kâtip Çelebi was called to military service in 1042/1633. Although it is clear that Qadizade's strictly rational and legalist understanding of the scripture impressed Kâtip Çelebi, there is no indication that he sympathized with the Qadizade movement's actions against dervish lodges. At a later time, he in fact distanced himself from Qadizade's activism. He shows respect, albeit no veneration for Ibn al-Arabi, whereas his self-denomination as israqiyyü'l-mesreb, i.e. as follower of Suhrawardi's philosophy of illumination, deserves further study.
Kâtip Çelebi used the campaign of 1042/1633 to rummage through Aleppo's bookstores, which provided the basis for his later bibliographic efforts, and to go on the pilgrimage during the winter season. The campaign took him to Yerevan (Revan) and Tabriz; he returned to Istanbul in late 1044/1635. He excused himself from the following campaign in 1047/1638 and there is no evidence that he left his hometown again. Despite his travel experience and his eye-witnessing of political and military events, his historical and geographical works are almost exclusively based on written sources or testimonies.
Despite the death of his former teacher Qadizade, Kâtip Çelebi continued with wide ranging but eclectic studies, including reading chronicles and - at a later time – geography and maps, but also all kinds of topics, from law and theology to astronomy and mathematics. Among his teachers were Kürd Abdullah Efendi (d. 1064/ 1654), Keçi Mehmed Efendi (d. 1054/1644), Veli Efendi (d. ?), a student of the Egyptian scholar Ibrahim Laqani (d. 1041/1631), Arec Mustafa Efendi (d. 1063/ 1653), the future seyhülislam Abdürrahim Efendi (d. 1066/1656). Although his readings covered the major part of the madrese curriculum, Kâtip Çelebi never obtained a diploma, but continued to earn a living in the chancery, spending most of his mother's inheritance on books, putting together what was probably the largest private library in Istanbul in his time.
Figure 7a-b: Illustrations from one of Kâtip Çelebi's books.
From 1052/1642 onward, Kâtip Çelebi was giving lessons himself, on law, tefsir, and kelam, but also mathematics and astronomy, focusing on fundamentals rather than the intricacies of the higher levels. His earliest works have to be seen in this context. Despite his low rank in the Ottoman bureaucracy and the lack of formal education, he appears to have been well accepted in the upper ranks of Istanbul's intellectual elite. His companions and patrons included seyhülislams Zekeriyazade Yahya Efendi (d. 1054/1644), Abdürrahim Efendi, Ebu Said Efendi (d. 1073/1662), and Beha'i Efendi (d. 1064/ 1654?). Abdürrahim Efendi also secured a promotion in the chancery for Kâtip Çelebi in recognition of his historical work Taqvimü 't-tevarih.
Kâtip Çelebi certainly knew prominent intellectuals of his time, including historian Hüseyin Hezarfenn (d. 1103/1691). Western scholars like Antoine Galland (d. 1715), Ferdinando Marsili (d. 1730), and Levinus Warner (d. 1665) are known to have been in personal contact with these circles. There is no evidence that Kâtip Çelebi ever met Evliya Çelebi (d. 1683), although it is not unlikely, given common acquaintances. In addition, Kâtip Çelebi shows great sympathy for political figures associated with attempts at political reform. Since his work is one of the major sources for the period, it is not clear if their political program aroused his sympathy, or if his ties to them caused him to depict them as reformers. Several of his works are directly related to political developments. He knew Kemankes Qara Mustafa Pasa (executed in 1054/ 1644), and expressed sympathy for Tarhuncu Ahmed Pasa (d. 1063/1653). His last work, Mizanü 'l-Haqq, includes a cryptic homage to Köprülü Mehmed Pasa (d. 1072/1661).
According to a later note in the flyleaf of one of the Cihannüma autographs, Kâtip Çelebi died of a heart attack on 27 Dhulhijja 1067/6 October 1657. Many of his major works remained unfinished. The only attested son had died young. Parts of his library were sold in 1069/1659, presumably after the death of his wife. Several volumes were purchased by Levinus Warner and today constitute a part of the Legatum Warnerianum at Leiden University. Others were acquired by a former friend, Visnezade Mehmed Izzeti (d. 1092/1681), and passed on to geographer Ebu Bekr Behram el-Dimisqi (d. 1102/1691), and further to printer Ibrahim Müteferriqa (d. 1158/1745).
Throughout his work, Kâtip Çelebi appears as an eager reader and compiler in the service of a broad contemporary audience, although comparison with impulses of early Enlightenment should be used only with caution. He certainly was not a scientist or philosopher seeking radical departures from current ideas. Rather, he seems to be largely representative of the intellectual currents of his age, including his openness to knowledge from Europe. He continues to perceive knowledge as an exogenous category, albeit strictly subject to rational criticism. His worldview is thoroughly theocentric, as he sees the cosmos as ordered by divine creation. Causation of historical events follows inner-worldly regularities, which however are suspended by divine will. Despite his familiarity with Western scholarship, there is no trace of the heliocentric world view in his work. Kâtip Çelebi can be considered a turning point in Ottoman intellectual history, as in his historical and geographical works a unified perspective emerges, which is interested in the world not as an indication of divine omnipotence (as was the case in classical cosmography), but seeks useful knowledge to cope with economic, military, and political challenges.
Celebrated in the Turkish Republic, especially upon the 300th anniversary of his death in 1957, as a forerunner of Westernization, Kâtip Çelebi has not attracted much attention since. Certainly the interest in his work upon the 400th anniversary of his birth will draw more interest in his oeuvre.
4. His intellectual production
Kâtip Çelebi was a prolific author. His works are spread out over a wide variety of topics, but can easily be divided into four major groups. On the other hand, Kâtip Çelebi's continuous work on many of his books, together with the open concept of what constitutes an original work, make a chronological presentation difficult. In the following, we present a list of his extant works with some remarks. Our source is the excellent general bio-bibliography of Kâtip Çelebi published in March 2007 by Gottfried Hagen Katib Çelebi, Mustafa b. Abdullah, Haci Halife (b. 1609; d. 1657), which was published as part of the project on Ottoman historians.
4.1. The major books
Kâtip Çelebi's lasting legacy for Ottoman scholars consists of a series of encyclopaedic works which are closely interrelated, albeit lacking explicit references to one another. Their common aim is to collect existing knowledge which is dispersed in numerous, partly inaccessible books, and put it at the hands of the public in simple alphabetical or chronological order, with the underlying assumption that knowledge is useful and necessary, and that its dissemination can help to dispel the crisis that befell the Ottoman state in the 11th/17th century. What is referred to here as the 'Encyclopaedic Project' basically taps into what Kâtip Çelebi perceived as the accumulated knowledge of mankind, from the biographical, bibliographical, historical/chronological, and spatial/geographical points of view, respectively. Arabic is the preferred, but not exclusive, language used for these works.
- Kashf az-zunun an asami l-kutub wa l-funun
Kâtip Çelebi's bibliographical dictionary, written in Arabic, represents a unique achievement in that it consists of one continuous alphabetic sequence of ca. 14.500 book titles and 300 names of sciences. In writing this book, Kâtip Çelebi took Tasköprüzade's (d. 968/1561) Miftah al-sa'ada as his model. In every entry for a book Kâtip Çelebi noted, wherever possible, the title, the language, the name of the author and the date of composition, the incipit, the division into chapters (the presence of which can be taken as an indication that he had actually seen the book), as well as translations and commentaries (as cross references). In certain instances entries also include criticism of the book or the author. The scope of the work covers Arabic, Persian, and Turkish literature, with a few references to Greek texts. While the book is still appreciated as a reference, its potential as a source for 11th/17th century intellectual history, in particular in the definition of a literary and scholarly canon, has not yet been explored.
The way in which Kâtip Çelebi managed to arrange this mass of material is still not entirely clear. Birnbaum has argued that he must have used a system of index cards as the basis of the work. Preserved is an autograph of a partial fine copy, ending with article "–durus". According to a note in Mizanü 'l-haqq, the fine copy had reached the letter ha in 1063/1652. For the rest, the author's draft with numerous marginal additions and annotations has been preserved. Whereas early editions and an edition-cum-translation are based on individual manuscripts, the autograph has been used as the basis of the edition by Bilge and Yaltkaya. In addition to a short continuation by Hanifzade Ahmed Tahir (d. 1217/1802), entitled Hadis-i nev, a larger one was authored by Bagdadli Ismail Pasa (d. 1339/1920), together with an index of authors.
- Fadlakat aqwal al-ahyar
A world history, written in Arabic, this work appears to be largely a compilation. The book continues a tradition of world histories started in the late 10th/16th century, arranged by dynasties. The last representative of this tradition seems to be Müneccimbasi (d. 1113/1702). Kâtip Çelebi mentions Cenabi's chronicle (d. 999/1590) explicitly as the model, while Mehmed b. Mehmed's (d. 1050/ 1640) Nuhbetü't-tevarih is another important source. The reason for the emergence of this distinct historiographical form among the Ottomans more or less throughout the 12th/18th century is unknown. Just as Müneccimbasi's work in its Arabic version never found a wider audience, neither did Kâtip Çelebi's work, which covers history from creation to the year 1000/ 1592 make an impact.
- Taqvimü't-tevarih
Chronological tables of world history, from the beginnings until Kâtip Çelebi's own time. Written in a mixture of Persian and Turkish, the work originated as an excerpt from Fazlakat aqwal al-ahyar. It was completed in 1058/1648. Becoming highly popular as an easy reference work, it was continued after Kâtip Çelebi's death by several authors. Equally popular in Europe, it was translated into Latin, Italian, and French.
- Fezleke-i tevarih
A chronicle of the Ottoman Empire written in Turkish. The book is a continuation of Fadlakat aqwal al-ahyar beginning with the year 1000/1592. While the earlier parts are quite comprehensive, the latest parts have many lacunae, suggesting that the book was not completed by Kâtip Çelebi's death. Under every year, a narration of the main events in strictly chronological order is followed by obituaries of prominent persons who died in that year, along the tradition of earlier Islamic great encyclopaedic works of history, such as Al-Kamil fi 'l-tarikh by Ibn al-Athir. Otherwise, Fezleke-i tevarih remains within the conventions of Ottoman chronicle writing. A few passages discuss European events, like the Thirty Years' War. The book turned out to be very influential, serving as a source for Isazade (d. 1163/ 1750) and Naima and being continued by Silahdar (d. 1202/1788?).
- Cihannüma
Kâtip Çelebi's longest-lasting and, in terms of its textual history, most complex work is a world geography in Turkish under the title Cihannüma. Kâtip Çelebi's interest in geography was sparked off by the beginning of the Cretan War in 1055/1645. In keeping with the goals of the 'Encyclopaedic Project,' Kâtip Çelebi began the work as an expansion of Sipahizade's alphabetical excerpt, written in Arabic, from Abu'l-Fida's Taqwim al-buldan. The first original version, now in Turkish, largely followed the structure of a classical Islamic cosmography (i.e. the division into spheres, elements, and climes). The broader geographical scope, intended to include recent information on Europe and the New World, as well as the illustration with maps in the margins, are innovative features of the work and indicate Kâtip Çelebi's attempt to detach geography from the theological roots of cosmography and provide a comprehensive and up-to-date survey of the world based on all kinds of sources regardless of genre. Abu'l-Fida' (d. 732/1331), Mehmed Asiq (d. >1596), Piri Re'is' (d. 961/1553) Bahriye, as well as Hoca Sadeddin's (d. 1008/1599) Tacü't-tevarih are Kâtip Çelebi's main sources.
Kâtip Çelebi states that this work was abandoned when he was unable to locate sufficient information on Europe. Numerous manuscripts of this incomplete version were circulating, comprising the description of the seas, lakes, rivers, and of the climate of al-Andalus, Maghrib, and Rumeli. Two different stages of this version can be distinguished. A detailed study of manuscripts in Istanbul may reveal even more variations. Despite his frustration Kâtip Çelebi continued to add notes and excerpts to a fine copy in his possession.
Kâtip Çelebi's work on the Cihannüma was revived when he was able to obtain copies of several European geographical works, which a French convert to Islam translated for him (contrary to assertions in some later studies, Kâtip Çelebi certainly did not know Latin or Italian). The most important of these works is Iodocus Hondius' redaction of Gerhard Mercator's Atlas, entitled Atlas Minor, translated as Levamiu'n-nur. In 1065/1654, with the translation still in progress, Kâtip Çelebi restarted his work on Cihannüma. The second version of the work began with a systematic introduction to cartography and mathematical geography, including a refutation of mythical Islamic cosmography. Moreover, Kâtip Çelebi started by making for the first time an explicit argument for the strategic and political usefulness of the science of geography.
- Sullam al-wusul ila tabaqat al-fusul
A biographical dictionary in Arabic, primarily focusing on scholars, it has the form of an index of authors for Kashf az-zunun. The first part, in which entries are arranged according to personal names (ism), is largely based on Tasköprüzade's As-Saqaiq an-numaniya and Ibn Khallikan's Wafayat al-a'yan. The second part, covering persons primarily known under their nicknames (laqab), is based on Suyuti's Tahrir al-lubab. Though a note in the autograph indicates that these two parts were completed in 1053/1643, there remain many blanks or entries consisting of references only. Another part was added in 1058/1649. The work includes an autobiographical entry.
4.2. Translations and rewritings
Kâtip Çelebi prepared several translations of European, primarily Latin, works as basis for his encyclopaedic works, especially Cihannüma. These translations are mostly preserved in unique manuscripts, an indication that they were not considered independent works and were not disseminated in the same way. His excerpts and rewritings of older works fall into the same category.
- Levamiu'n-nur fi zulmat Atlas Minur
A translation of Iodocus Hondius' redaction of Gerhard Mercator's Atlas, entitled Atlas Minor, intended as a basis for the rewriting of Cihannüma, completed in 1065/ 1655.
- Revnaqu's-saltanat
A translation of Historia rerum in Oriente gestarum ab exordio mundi et orbe condito ad nostra haec usque tempora (Frankfurt, 1587), a Latin translation of four Byzantine chronicles with an appendix on Ottoman history.
- Ta'rih-i firengi
Translation of Johann Carion's Chronicon (Paris, 1548) into Turkish, completed in 1065/1655. Carion's Chronicon was printed many times all over Europe. The edition of Philipp Melanchthon became a staple of Protestant propaganda. Kâtip Çelebi's preface describes the translation as a working draft and source for future books.
- Bahriye
An excerpt from Piri Reis' Bahriye from Kâtip Çelebi's hand, expanded to form a new work, has recently been discovered by Fikret Saricaoglu.
4.3. Minor writings
A number of Kâtip Çelebi's works are momentary interventions in current political and scholarly discourse, and have to be carefully placed in their chronological context.
- Düsturü'l-amel li-islahi l-halel
In order to discover the causes of the financial crisis in 1063/1653, grand vizier Tarhuncu Ahmed Pasa ordered a collation of the account books, which might have involved the clerk Kâtip Çelebi. In addition, Kâtip Çelebi produced a small treatise in the tradition of reform (or "decline") treatises, which analyses the crisis with the means of an analogy between the political body and the human body, drawing on Ibn Khaldun's concept of the ages of the state, and Dawwani's analogy with Galenic medicine, in which the four humors of the body are likened to the estates of human society. Kâtip Çelebi pleads for a return to qanun-i qadim, and for a reduction in the number of the Porte troops, whereas other treatises of the same kind have focused on the decline of the timar system. Kâtip Çelebi ultimately leaves the question open whether a "man of the sword" would be able to revert the seemingly unavoidable decline. Düsturü'l-amel has influenced Hezarfenn, and especially Naima's theoretical discussions.
- Irsadu'l-hayara ila Ta'rihi'l-Yunan ve'r-Rum ve'n-Nasara
A short treatise on the Christian confessions and dynasties in Turkish, begun in 1065/1655. Based on older apologetic literature, Kâtip Çelebi discusses the distinctions of the Eastern Church (Jacobites, Melkites, Nestorians), but not the one between Catholics and Protestants. The histories of European countries are hardly more than lists of rulers. It breaks off after 9 chapters. Descriptions of kings suggest that Kâtip Çelebi's source was illustrated. Despite Kâtip Çelebi's claim to provide important information on the struggle against Christendom, the information in this book is profoundly trivial.
- Tuhfetü'l-kibar fi esfari'l-bihar
A history of Ottoman maritime warfare in Turkish, written in Safer 1067/November 1656. This date places the book in a moment of utmost danger for the Ottoman capital following the defeat of the Ottoman navy at the hands of the Venetians at the Dardanelles (4 Ramadan 1066/26 June 1656) and the subsequent loss of the islands of Lemnos and Tenedos. It is also written shortly after the appointment of Köprülü Mehmed Pasa as grand vizier (25 Dhulqada 1066/14 September 1656). Thus it is suggested it should be read as a program of reform of the navy intended for a person in whom Kâtip Çelebi might have seen the "man of the sword" who might reverse the fate of the Empire. Of the four ulema who wrote endorsements for the book two are closely related to the Köprülü family.
The first part is a history of Ottoman maritime campaigns from the beginning to 1067/1656, while the second is a systematic description of naval affairs, from administration and offices to shipbuilding, culminating in a list of 40 suggestions for organization and strategy of the Ottoman navy, including the use of recent scientific and technological innovations. Thus the juxtaposition with history provides an argument for reform. Suggestions are largely centered around the traditional qanun-i qadim; there is no reference to high-board ships. The final pages include an important discussion of historical causality, explaining how divine omnipotence creates the consequence of historical causes, in reward for righteous rule, or punishment of injustice.
- Mizanü'l-haqq fi ihtiyari'l-ahaqq
A belated intervention in the conflict between the Qadizade movement and the dervish orders of the Ottoman Empire, written in the immediate aftermath of Köprülü Mehmed Pasa's crack down on the former in 1066/1656. The contentious points are discussed in a series of short chapters: The life of the Prophet Hidr, singing, dancing and whirling, the invokation of blessings on prophets and companions, tobacco, coffee, opium and other drugs, the parents of the Prophet, the faith of Pharaoh, Ibn al-Arabi, the cursing of Yazid, innovation, pilgrimages to tombs, supererogatory prayers, shaking hands and bowing, enjoining right and forbidding wrong, the religion of Abraham, bribery. Kâtip Çelebi mostly reaches conclusions on a middle ground, although his line of reasoning is closer to the rationalism of the Qadizadeli than to mysticism. In several cases he justifies a particular custom on historical grounds, despite legal arguments against it. Since he finds that the parents of the Prophet were unbelievers, the relevant chapter was omitted from the printed edition. Carefully supported by a lengthy autobiography which emphasized the author's scholarly qualification and his piety, Mizanü'l-haqq became Kâtip Çelebi's most popular work. Most major manuscript collections have a copy.
- Ilhamü'l-muqaddes mine'l-feyzi'l-aqdes
A short legal treatise on astronomical questions, written in criticism of seyhülislam Beha'i Efendi in 1064/1654.
- Jami al-mutun min jall al-funun
An anthology of scholarly texts of different disciplines.
- Tuhfetü l-ahyar fi'l-hikem ve l-emsal ve'l-asar
An anthology of entertaining and edifying texts in Arabic, Persian, and Turkish, arranged according to keywords in alphabetical order, written between 1061-63/1651-53, edited from drafts and supplemented by a certain Yazicizade Mehmed.
- Dürer-i müntesire ve gurer-i müntesire
A compilation of anecdotes largely from biographical sources. The title is not original, but is based on a phrase in the introduction. Presumably identical with a work mentioned in Mizanü'l-haqq and described as a collection in the manner of Ghaffari's Nigaristan.
5. References and further reading
5.1. Articles on Kâtip Çelebi on www.MuslimHeritage.com
- The Horizon of Kâtip Çelebi's Thought
- Attempts of Flight, Automatic Machines, Submarines and Rocket Technology in Turkish History
- Ottoman Maritime Arsenals And Shipbuilding Technology In The 16th And 17th Centuries
- A Jewel of Ottoman Naval History: The Book of Kâtib Çelebi on Naval Campaigns
5.2. General bibliography
- Bacqué-Grammont, J.-L., "Les routes d'Asie centrale d'après le Cihân-Nümâ de Kâtib Çelebî." Cahier d'Asie centrale, 1-2 (1996), 311-322.
- Behrnauer, W.F.A., "Haggi Chalfa's Dustûru'lamel. Ein Beitrag zur osmanischen Finanzgeschichte." Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft, 11 (1847), 111-132;
- Birnbaum, E., "The Questing Mind: Katib Chelebi, 1609-1657. A Chapter in Ottoman Intellectual History." Corolla Torontonensis. Festschrift for Ronald Morton Smith, ed. E. Robbins and Stella Sandahl (Toronto, 1994), 133-158.
- Birnbaum, E., "Katib Chelebi and Alphabetization: A Methodological Investigation of the Autographs of his Kashf az-zunun and Sullam al-Wusul." Scribes et manuscrits du Moyen-Orient, ed. François Déroche and Francis Richard (Paris, 1997), 236-263.
- Brentjes, S., "Mapmaking in Ottoman Istanbul between 1650 and 1750: A Domain of Painters, Calligrapher, or Cartographers?" Frontiers of Ottoman Studies: State, Province, and the West. Eds. C. Imber, K. Kiyotaki and R. Murphy (London - New York, 2005), vol. 2, 125-156.
- Fodor, P., "State and Society, Crisis and Reform, in 15th-17th-Century Ottoman Mirror for Princes." Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungariae, 40/2-3 (1986), 217-240.
- Goodrich, Th.D., "Old Maps in the Library of Topkapi Palace in Istanbul." Imago Mundi, 45 (1993), 120-133.
- Hagen, G., "Überzeitlichkeit und Geschichte in Katib Çelebis Gihannüma." Archivum Ottomanicum, 14 (1995-96), 133-159.
- Hagen, G., "Katib Çelebis Darstellung der eyalets und sancaqs des Osmanischen Reiches." Archivum Ottomanicum, 16 (1998), 101-123.
- Hagen, G., and Seidensticker, T., "Reinhard Schulzes Hypothese einer islamischen Aufklärung. Kritik einer historiographischen Kritik." Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft, 148/1 (1998), 83-110.
- Hagen, G., Ein osmanischer Geograph bei der Arbeit. Entstehung und Gedankenwelt von Katib Çelebis Gihannnüma. (Berlin, 2003).
- Hagen, G., "Ottoman Understandings of the World in the Seventeenth Century." Afterword in Robert Dankoff, Evliya Çelebi - An Ottoman Mentality (Leiden, 2004), 207-248.
- Hagen, G., "Kâtib Çelebi and Sipahizade." Essays in honour of Ekmeleddin Ihsanoglu (Istanbul, 2006), 525-542.
- Hagen, G., Katib Çelebi, Mustafa b. Abdullah, Haci Halife (b. 1609; d. 1657) (PDF version), March 2007 (general bio-bibliography).
- Howard, D.A.. "Ottoman Historiography and the Literature of "Decline" of the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries." Journal of Asian History, 22/1 (1988), 52-77.
- Ihsanoglu, E., (ed.), Osmanli Cografya Literatürü Tarihi - History of Ottoman Geographical Literature (Istanbul, 2000).
- Ménage, V. L., "Three Ottoman Treatises on Europe." Iran and Islam. In Memory of the late Victor Minorsky, ed. C.E. Bosworth (Edinburgh, 1971), 421-433.
- Quiring-Zoche, R., "Minhiyat – Marginalien des Verfassers in arabischen Manuskripten." Asiatische Studien 60/4 (2006), 987-1019.
- Rhoads, M., "Ottoman Historical Writing in the Seventeenth Century: A Survey of the General Development of the Genre after the Reign of Sultan Ahmed I (1603-1617)." Archivum Ottomanicum, 13 (1993-94), 277-311.
- Saricaoglu, F., "Kâtib Çelebi'nin Otobiyografileri." Istanbul Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Tarih Dergisi, 37 (2002), 297-319.
- Saricaoglu, F., "Pîrî Reîs'in Kitâb-i Bahriyye'sinin Izinde Kâtib Çelebi'nin Yeni Bulunan Eseri: Müntehab-i Bahriyye." Türklük Arastirmalari Dergisi, 15 (2004), 7-57.


text:
A CPU Cooling Heatsink With Built In Computer From AMD
Subject: Cases and Cooling | January 10, 2012 - 08:43 PM | Tim Verry
Tagged: nano-itx, heatsink, e-350, cooling, cooler master, CES, APU
At CES today we saw what at first resembles a Cooler Master V6 CPU heastink and fan combo. The processor cooler features a red 120mm fan housed in a black shroud which is then attached to the heatsink itself. The heatsink is a tower design with six copper heatpipes attached to a copper CPU block. The heatpipes then lead into a tower of aluminum fins to dissipate heat.
On the back of the unit; however, there's a little something extra in the form of a nano-itx motherboard and AMD E-350 APU based on the Brazos platform. The computer is self contained and provides a number of connectivity options. For more information on the Brazos platform and E-350 APU, see our preview and review articles. A quick run down of the E-350 specifications; however, is below.
- Two Bobcat CPU cores at 1.6 GHz
- A Radeon HD 6310 GPU with 80 processing cores running at 500 MHz
- A TDP of 18 watts
- DirectX 11 Graphics and DDR3 Memory Support
The bottom of the rear of the CPU cooler is the location of the nano-ITX motherboard's rear IO panel. The motherboard features Wi-Fi, HDMI, two USB 3.0 ports, two USB 2.0 ports, Gigabit Ethernet, VGA(?), and e-SATA(?) connections.
A side view of the Cooler Master heatsink is available below.
It's certainly a new idea, and it will definitely hit home for people that don't need or want to run their power hungry main desktop all the time. Because the system is self contained it does present some usability issues. Mainly that you will need to have a KVM or VNC connection to control it and the inside of the computer case is going to become a lot more crowded with cables. Further, it would be a pain to have to open up the main desktop system just to plug in a flash drive or cable. On the other hand, it'd make for a nice media or file server and would not require the desktop be on 24/7 without needing yet another box crowding my desk so I'd give it a shot. (The inside of my computer case is already a mess of wires so what do I have to lose?)
What are your thoughts on this somewhat strange CPU cooler?
PC Perspective's CES 2012 coverage is sponsored by MSI Computer.
Follow all of our coverage of the show at http://pcper.com/ces!
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It would be more logical to embed it in to PSU or case, more ergonomic, more options. What about coolers air flow, MB blocks the air? I doubt it will ever come into production.
Why not use the device as a stand alone mini-computer? Add a SSD and wireless keyboard / mouse and you are good to go. Not obvious where the power is coming from in this rig?
That cable on the left. My guess is one of those external DC power supplies.
The power cable is the one all the way on the right (look past the USB ports).
The one on the right is the WIFI antenna, the power is on the LEFT side of the image. Though from the front view (fan), it would appear the opposite, but in the pic of the backside, the power is on the left, the wifi on the right. Also, I agree that this could make for a rather interesting mini-pc all in and of itself. Very interesting :) I also now smell a mod idea brewing... lol.
This is where something like Thunderbolt could come into its own, with a single cable going from this unit to a 5.25" drive bay fascia with the various sockets on it.
Trouble is, that makes it a separate computer to the one it's installed in. Hard to see a real good use for this thing, unless it's as a standalone nano-PC.
Cute though! :-)
ye! you get to cook a mini pc with your main pc, how about putting in in a spare drive slot? that is far more appealing.
or mabee its just a joke that im not getting...
Given the price of similar mini pc's (about $300) I think this would come in too expensive to use as a heatsink.
That said, I like the idea, and would consider the option at about the $100 price point.
It could be quite attractive as a stand alone mini pc, if you do something about the colors.
Err, this is only for novelty no? It's like facing a fan towards a brick wall, and the tiny size of it surely would get red hot. There's no room at all.
Weird looking also. Very very tacky imo :s
Did they just hear the Xzibit meme? Yo dawg, we heard you like computer so we put a computer in your computer....
That looks more like a Cooler Master V6 to me.
I'm not sure if this belongs under the "inception" or "Xzibit" meme.
realy itz nic.but if dz cooler smaller more dan dz vt da same perfomence.i think no word to say abt dt
Looks cool, but wouldn't it be easier to do with a V10?
Wouldn't it make more sense to put such a PC in a 5.25 bay? I was actually looking into building such a tiny PC along with an array of 2.5" HDDs. It could serve as a constantly on file/backup/media file server.
Ninja Pc totally, For the discerning secret agents everywhere
Yo' dawg, we heard yo' like computing so we put a computer in yo' computer so yo' can compute while yo' computer computes.
With a wireless keyboard and mouse, this would be perfect for the majority of people. It's perfect for internet access without the expense of the Smart Phone price
Well...I personally built this at AMD as a pure case mod for fun...and to show how small and cool running the new APUs can be. As noted, it started as a CoolerMaster V6, then got a lot of Dremel work. Thanx for Xzibit meme poke! Last year was stranger: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a4-dx0PRNio


text:
Public meetings
Posted September 1, 2010, 1:39 pm
How you can get involved in the RAC & Wildlife Board public process
Utah's five Wildlife Regional Advisory Councils (RACs) were created by the Utah State Legislature in the early 1990s to get more public input from citizens at the grassroots level concerning wildlife management, rules and regulations. Each RAC is made up of 12 to 15 people who represent various interest groups or constituencies.
Do you have a question, idea or issue idea you would like the RACs to consider? Attend your local RAC meeting, fill out a comment card and speak out when your name is called. Check the schedule at this website to find out which meetings you want to attend. You can also contact RAC members by e-mail (see RAC members list). Remember, there is strength in numbers. If you really want to get the RAC's attention, ask others who share your ideas or opinions to come with you to meetings.
Meeting procedure
Regional Advisory Councils and the Wildlife Board follow similar meeting procedures. There is an agenda for each meeting and it is essentially the same for all RACs and the Wildlife Board. RAC chairs and the Wildlife Board chair conduct all meetings. Briefly, here is how the meetings go:
The procedure is the same at Wildlife Board meetings, except that the Wildlife Board also gets a report and voting results from each of the RACs on each agenda item that requires it. The Wildlife Board usually votes the same way the RACs do. If not, the Wildlife Board chairman sends documentation to the RACs explaining why the vote was different.
Nominating committee — Utah State code 23-14-2.5
There is a Wildlife Board nominating Committee which consists of 11 Members. This committee is appointed by the Governor from nominees by the:
The nominating committee solicits nominees statewide and then submits them to the Governor, who makes the final decision regarding appointments to the Wildlife Board.
Creation, membership, terms, quorum, meetings — Utah State code 23-14-2
The Wildlife Board consists of seven members. The members shall have expertise or experience in at least one of the following areas:
Each of the above areas of expertise shall be represented by at least one member of the Wildlife Board. Each appointment shall be confirmed by the Senate. Four members of the Board shall constitute a quorum. The director of the Division of Wildlife Resources shall act as secretary to the Board but shall not be a voting member.
Policy-making powers of Wildlife Board — Utah State code 23-14-3
The Division of Wildlife Resources may determine the facts relevant to the wildlife resources of this state. Upon determination of these facts, the Wildlife Board shall establish the policies best designed to accomplish the purposes and fulfill the intent of all laws pertaining to wildlife and the preservation, protection, conservation, perpetuation, introduction, and management of wildlife.
In establishing policy the Wildlife Board shall:
The Regional Advisory Councils law — Utah State code 23-14-2.6
There are five Regional Advisory Councils (RACs). Each council consists of 12 to 15 members. The members include individuals who represent the following groups:
A list of nominees is submitted by the respective interest group or agency.
The executive director of the Department of Natural Resources, in consultation with the director of the Division of Wildlife Resources makes the final selections.
The councils shall:
Beavers in Utah
Building guzzlers in Utah's Newfoundland Mountains
Gila monsters — Creatures of legends and misconceptions


text:
Skin para playeremplois
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I'm a photographer looking to outsource some beauty images I'd like the skin retouched to professional standards. I'll need to see examples of your work and know what your per-image or hourly rate would be. Example attached, I only require the skins to be retouched, I'll handle all other finishing.
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text:
Improve your resource efficiency
Our aim is to enable a more circular economy through our remelt facilities, where we sort and remelt used and scrapped aluminium. Half of the metal we offer customers has been recycled.
Aluminium resource efficiency
Recycling scrap aluminium requires about 5 percent of the energy used to make primary aluminium.
In Europe, about 95 percent of the aluminium used in automotive applications and commercial buildings is recycled.
Internal scrap recycling
Resource efficiency is important to you. This is why we invest in improving the productivity at our 20 casthouses, and in setting up new ones. More than 50 percent of all aluminium in our production stems from internal scrap recycling and billets of remelted aluminium provided by external suppliers.
Turning old into new
Remelting aluminium is one of our favorite processes. We handle melting and melt treatment, grain refining, casting, homogenization, billet quality and alloys. We also offer technical assistance in external supply projects.
Custom alloys
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Contact us so we can begin discussing how to reduce the environmental footprint of your products.


text:
El Paso Morning Times (El Paso, Tex.), Vol. 36TH YEAR, Ed. 1, Friday, January 21, 1916
Description: Daily newspaper from El Paso, Texas that includes local, state and national news along with extensive advertising.
Date: January 21, 1916
Creator: Black, James S.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Newspaper