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Program to offer longer school days expanding in Massachusetts, four other states
Bay State to add to its program as part of US effort
Federal and state officials will announce Monday that Massachusetts and four other states will begin implementing longer school days for some students next September, to provide extra academic traction and enrichment for thousands of children.
Select schools in Colorado, Connecticut, New York, and Tennessee will join Massachusetts in adding extra school hours. The announcement comes six years after the Bay State launched a program to extend the day at schools in several districts; the new effort will add to that.
"It's a pretty red letter day for Massachusetts,'' said Christopher Gabrieli, chairman of Massachusetts 2020, the group that spearheaded the effort that launched in 2006.
More than 5,000 students at schools in Lawrence and Fall River will see longer days under the pilot program, and more than 19,500 students will participate in all five states, Massachusetts 2020 said.
Gabrieli said Massachusetts is the only state with a "state-level policy'' for allowing traditional public schools to extend the day. "There's no question that that's kind of the inspiration for this,'' he said.
US Secretary of Education Arne Duncan is scheduled to appear with other officials on Monday morning to announce the initiative, according to a statement on the department's website.
Participating schools will also receive technical assistance, Massachusetts 2020 said. Schools in the pilot program will plan to offer 300 extra hours of instruction and enrichment during the year.
The earlier initiative launched in 2006 in the Bay State relied mainly on state funding, according to Gabrieli. His group said Sunday in a statement that the Ford Foundation will contribute private funding for the new effort, adding to federal and state funds. It was not known how much the federal and state governments will contribute to the program.
The pilot program is dubbed the Time for Innovation Matters in Education Collaborative.
More than 1,000 schools offer extended day programs in 36 states and the District of Columbia serving about 520,000 students,
Gabrieli's group, which is known nationally as the National Center on Time & Learning, said in a report on the issue of extended days released Monday.
About 43,700 students in dozens of cities and towns in Massachusetts were enrolled in extended day programs during the last academic year, according to Massachusetts 2020.
Fall River Superintendent Meg Mayo-Brown said that three schools in the district that currently offer extended day programs have seen a boost in student achievement.
"When we had an opportunity to become part of the [pilot program], frankly we jumped at it,'' said Mayo-Brown.
She said three middle schools and an K-8 school will participate in the new program.
The superintendent of the Lawrence public schools, which are in state receivership, could not be reached for comment on Sunday.
Frank McLaughlin, president of the Lawrence Teachers Union, said his members support the additional hours, but only if they are used wisely and if teachers are compensated fairly.
"We agree that extended school hours will help children, and we'll vote for helping children,'' he said.
Schools in Lawrence, he said, have long offered extended-day programs for students who needed them. But as part of the receivership, all schools in Lawrence will see mandatory extended hours, and three schools have extended hours this year, according to McLaughlin.
He said that longer days are not a cure-all for the district.
"Longer school day is just one of the solutions,'' he said. "We have students — they don't even get the newspaper in their homes. We have students that are highly transient. We have teenage mothers that are victims of abuse.''
Extended learning time has not always been implemented seamlessly in Massachusetts.
The Globe reported in 2009 that schools in Framingham and Southbridge had dropped extended day programs, and six Andover schools went through the planning process during the 2007-2008 academic year before deciding not to go forward.
Problems among the schools who either dropped programs or balked at launching them included a lack of parental support and teacher collaboration time, officials said at the time.
David Miles, chairman of the Framingham School Committee, said Sunday that two schools in town dropped extended day, partly because the subjects offered did not have enough impact on academics to merit the additional hours. He said that while he cannot speak for other school officials, he might be willing to revisit extended days in the future.
Twenty-two public schools in Boston offered extended time during the last academic year, the most of any school district in the state, according to Massachusetts 2020.
The Boston Teachers Union says about one-third of the district's 128 schools offer an extended day.
Matthew Wilder, a spokesman for the Boston public schools, said in an e-mail that extended day programs have been a key strategy for improving underperforming schools, and the district plans to extend the day at more schools in the fall. "Superintendent [Carol] Johnson believes strongly that our students require additional time with their great teachers,'' Wilder wrote. "However, she also believes that just adding time to the school day isn't enough; an extended day must be methodically planned and include opportunities such as the arts and athletics for it to be successful.''
Richard Stutman, president of the Boston Teachers Union, also said an extended day should provide varied offerings. He said Boston launched the first extended-day school in the state in 1986 and that the program in the district has generally been "a reasonable success.''
But he also said that keeping students in school for more than an additional 90 minutes appears to be counterproductive. "All in all, it's a good thing,'' Stutman said of longer days.


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(Reuters) - Eli Lilly and Co and Incyte Corp said their experimental drug was effective in reducing painful symptoms associated with rheumatoid arthritis after 52 weeks of treatment.
The drug, baricitinib, is part of a new family of medicines called JAK inhibitors that block enzymes believed to be involved in the inflammatory process.
If approved, the pill will compete against injected rheumatoid arthritis drugs that currently dominate the market. Pfizer Inc's Xeljanz was the first such pill to hit the shelves last year.
Lilly and Incyte had released trial data on baricitinib last year after 12 and 24 weeks of treatment.
Lilly also started late-stage trials after the drug showed positive results after 24 weeks of treatment.
Patients who completed week 24 were eligible to receive either the 4 mg or 8 mg once daily dose through week 52.
Of the 196 patients in the study, 71 percent showed a 20 percent improvement in rheumatoid arthritis symptoms.
"In the long-term extension, the clinical improvements observed at week 24 were sustained through 52 weeks in (rheumatoid arthritis) patients," the companies said in a statement.
Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disorder that causes inflammation and damage to the joints and surrounding tissues.
Lilly shares closed at $51.78 on the New York Stock Exchange on Wednesday, while Incyte shares closed at $20.55 on the Nasdaq.
Reporting by Pallavi Ail in Bangalore; Editing by Roshni Menon

subset: commoncrawl


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Cajun Power Garlic Sauce
Looking for a true "cajun" Louisiana hot sauce? Then give Cajun Power Garlic Sauce a taste. Ingredients include vinegar, garlic, cayenne pepper and spices.
Happy H'eating!
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You can also receive a catalog from us by giving us a call at, 336 596 0454.
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More about Beecholme
Beecholme is also the first postwar "mixed development" housing scheme in Hackney, with a mixture of houses and flats with the taller block having five storeys and containing one-bedroom and bedsit accommodation. It is featured in Volume 15 of Hackney History and was the site of Beecholme House, the family home of Maj. John André (d. 1780), who was executed as a British spy in the American War of Independence.
Beecholme et al
Grounds 1
Grounds 2
Est. Environs/Sculpture
Thursday, 18 November 2010
Policing event at B6 College
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Nashville Flea Market
You are here: Home / Nashville Flea Market
Not interested in Lebanon ? Please choose a different community.
More About Nashville Flea Market
The Nashville Flea Market at the Tennessee State Fairgrounds is considered to be among the top ten flea markets in the country. Dealers and vendors from 30 states offer their wares to the buying public. Eager shoppers travel hundreds of miles, often by the bus load, to peruse the bargains and hard-to-find items offered for sale. You'll find a huge variety of gifts, antiques, collectibles, jewelry, arts and crafts, tools, house wares, handmade clothing, and hundreds of thousands of other items each month.
Admission is free.
Parking is $5, and overnight RV parking is $35 per night.
Thank you for visiting TownPlanner.com for your local events, coupons, and things to do in Lebanon, Gladeville, Watertown, Mt. Juliet, Hermitage, Madison, Goodlettsville, Gallatin, Hendersonville and Nashville, TN.
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Tags: Shopping, Flea Market, Family, Fun
Posted By: Town Planner in Middle Tennessee
Event Details
July 28, 2018
This event also occurs on 07/29/2018
Tennessee Fairgrounds Expo Center
Nashville , Tennessee 37203
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Lebanon- 522 West Main St
Mt Juliet- 12910 Lebanon Rd.
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Lebanon- 522 West Main St
Mt Juliet- 12910 Lebanon Rd.
More About this Event Poster: Town Planner in Middle Tennessee
The Town Planner calendar is a wonderful family-friendly resource mailed FREE every year to homes around town.
For homeowners, the Town Planner provides year-round information on what's happening in our community, great savings from local merchants, and beautiful full color photography of the most scenic spots in our hometown.
For merchants, the Town Planner puts you ON DISPLAY EVERY DAY -- 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, 365 days a year! The calendar is such a useful tool that folks keep it hanging up in a handy spot all year long, making sure they see your company name every time they go to the fridge, to the front door, or to their office.
In addition to our yearly print calendar, our website, weekly newsletter, and smart phone app are updated every day to ensure that you can always find out where to go to have fun or to save money!
Would you like to add your event at TownPlanner.com?
Town Planner is a community-minded organization. We're all about keeping things local and promoting hometown pride! That's why we're glad to offer you this medium to inform the public about your event. Post it today and it will appear on our website, our newsletter, and our mobile app.
As a general rule, we welcome the submission of events from charities, non-profit organizations, and municipal or community organizations such as mayor's offices, churches, schools, and the like. To get started, simply create an account. It's free and easy and you'll be able to start posting events as soon as you receive your authorization email.
If you're a business owner or you wish to promote a for-profit event, your event may be subject to the policies of your local Town Planner publisher. Some publishers may charge a nominal fee for such events, or reject them if they compete with other events from paying sponsors. To learn more about your local publisher's policies, or to inquire about adding a coupon or display ad for your business, please use our contact form.
Please keep in mind that Town Planner is a family-friendly publication and we reserve the right to reject any event that is deemed offensive, obscene, or otherwise inappropriate for inclusion on our site.
Remember that we're not just online! If you do business in an area with a local Town Planner publisher, our beautiful full color wall calendar is delivered free each December to thousands of homes in your community. Most people who receive the calendar hang it up in a prominent place and keep it all year long, making sure your business is On Display Every Day!
We're looking to bring the Town Planner to even more communities across America. If you or someone you know have an entrepreneurial spirit and would like to promote local businesses and build hometown pride while achieving financial security for yourself, why not look into becoming a Town Planner publisher?
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Town Planner - Quickly Becoming America's Calendar!


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Billing came before care at hospital
I'll begin by saying that my concerns in no way reflect the "'hands on" care that I received while a patient in the emergency room at Twin County Regional Hospital. The health care staff was professional and I received excellent care.
Recently, I sustained a deep cut to my finger. Knowing that I would need stitches, I went to Twin County's emergency room.
If you currently subscribe or have subscribed in the past to the The Gazette, then simply find your account number on your mailing label and enter it below.
Click the question mark below to see where your account ID appears on your mailing label.
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678 Hawaii: a new Korean yakiniku restaurant in Honolulu
No, it's not Psy, that creepy, glowing, life-size cut out in front of 678 Hawaii. It's Korean celebrity Kang Ho Dong, who owns 678 Hawaii as well as a bunch of other restaurants in Korea, Los Angeles and Atlanta.
Ambiance and design details aren't usually items worth mentioning about a Korean restaurant. But here, at this hipper-than-most yakiniku place, where all the waiters wear earpieces and mics (and for the holidays, Santa hats, like meat-delivering elves), many little touches delight us immensely. Like the metal can seats with removable cushions so you can store your bag inside. Or the call button on the tables to summon waiters (it alerts them through their watches). The hanging napkin dispenser at the table.
The young, Korean, male waiters swap out different grills for each type of meat—one with slats for the pork jowl, one grid-like, similar to a fry basket, for our bulgolgi.
All the meats are highly marbled and rich; 678, pronounced in Korean, means quality meat.
Left: pig skin, right: pork belly. The grills have moats, with compartments containing garlic, onions, kimchee, egg custard and corn cheese (or more accurately, cheesy corn).
Some unique items to 678: pig skin, which arrives already cooked and infused with sugar and chili. We char it further on the grill, and it emerges as pig candy—crisp edged, sweet, and chewy from collagen (and yes, fat). Our server, while grilling, threatens to abscond with it, such is its addictive lure.
Also of note: the old style Korean lunch box, with rice, egg, kimchee and fishcake, is presented in a shallow box, like a tin of chocolates. The server mixes it, snaps on the lid, shakes it, and gives it a resounding smack before opening the box. It certainly doesn't look pretty anymore, but the end result, thoroughly mixed with seaweed, tiny sweet and salty dried anchovies, tastes wonderful.
A moat surrounds the grill. They fill a portion of it with egg, and part of it with corn and cheese; the egg sets up as custard as the grill heats up, and cheese oozes over the canned corn for a stoner-food concoction, further flavored by the meat fat that has drained into the egg moat and corn cheese.
At the end of the night, we find the pendant hoods over each grill that drop down like bendy straws have done their duty. It's the first time I've left a yakiniku restaurant not doused in smoky meat perfume. It's a minor miracle.
Combination meat set $43.99 to $54.99, feeds two to three people.
678 Hawaii, 1726 Kapiolani Blvd., 941-6678


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Wound Care Ed Inst necesitaba un nuevo diseño de logotipo y lanzó un concurso de diseño en 99designs.
Un ganador ha sido elegido entre 56 diseños de 27 diseñadores freelance.
The name of the conference is WOW 2008. WOW stands for Wild on Wounds. Looking for themed logo, focusing on Orlando FL for wound care conference attended by healthcare professionals.
WOW 2008 is an annual conference that is attended by health care professionals, working in the United States, such as registered nurses, physicians and physical therapists. Females make up the majority of people who attend the conference. The logo should appeal to both females and males. This conference is focused on providing cutting sessions in the area of wound care. This year the conference location is in Orlando Florida.
- Must have WOW 2008 as part of the logo
- A simplistic bold look
- Appeals to both genders
- Can include Wild on Wounds in the logo design if you like,
- Needs to be a simplistic from a graphic design perspective, not too detailed (this logo will be reproduced on a conference tote, on conference signs and workbook materials.
- Logo will need to be done in a single color (we will also need a reverse-white logo for the conference tote). Please keep in mind that this is a professional conference, so color choice (which is up to you to pick) should be geared towards professionals
- The logo should also make you think of Orlando Florida.
- Any items used in the logo should to represent Orlando should be free from any copyright restrictions.
- This logo must be able to be used on different types of printed materials. For example, it will be used on 8.5"x11" printed materials, on directional signs for the conference (total sign size 20"x24"), large hanging banners (about 18" in height x 14' in length) and also on the conference tote, which is 6" wide by 3" high.
- Graphics should not be highly detailed
- No photos or photo type images are to be used
- Do not use thin lines or other design elements that may be hard to produce on printed materials.
Descubre cómo funciona un concurso de diseño u obtén más información sobre nuestros servicios de diseño de logo.


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Product Weight 40.00 Pounds Extra wide mesh for thicker plants and where larger hole sizes are needed. Filament size is 25% thicker than the standard trellis for added strength. UV Stabilized for long life. Hole size approx 10" x 10"
Agtec Trellis Support Netting Large Mesh 80in x 3280ft Roll
- Extra wide hole size of approximately 10" x 10" compared with the standard 6" x 7"
- 80" x 3280' or 2m x 1000m
- 25% thicker filament than standard Agtec trellis netting and 33% thicker than Hortonova
- UV stabilized Polypropylene for long life.
- Chemical resistance
- Light in weight - easy to handle
- Extra strength 10g/sqm yet still very thin
- All Agtec Trellis Netting comes on a cardboard core for quick, easy, and organized unrolling and setting up.
- Provides better exposure to light and air
- Has the Agtec double double reinforced edges strength, edge visibility and tensioning by helping to contain your support cable.
Agtec trellis support netting is a great value trellis netting that can be used either vertically to support your plants or horizontally in multiple layers so your plants can grow through the netting and be supported as it grows.
This extra strength netting is 25% thicker than Agtec standard 8g/sqm netting and 33% thicker than Tenax Hortonova making it ideal in areas that need extra strength. The large 10" mesh size is about 50% bigger than standard trellis netting to help support larger crops.
This UV stabilized poly is long lasting, practical and encourages growth. This netting guarantees good air circulation, excellent exposure to the sun and optimal use of space allowing for easy harvesting. Manufactured with high quality polypropylene, which is lightweight yet very robust, flexible, tear-resistant, UV stabilized and resistant to bacteria, chemical agents and mold.
Vertical Uses
Agtec trellis netting can be used as a vertical support that is ideal for growing vegetables that need support like peas, tomatoes, pole beans and cucumbers because the plants attach easily to the net with no additional tying necessary. This technique provides greater exposure to air and sun and reduces ground contact which can result in rotten crops.
Trellising increases plants' exposure to air and light, maximizes space, and reduces ground contact, thus minimizing spoilage due to mold, bacteria and fungus. Trellis in horizontal layers to provide stem support for plants. This white, UV resistant, lightweight polypropylene mesh is economical and efficient. It is strong, easy to install, will not rot, rust or mold, and lasts for years.
Horizontal uses
When applied horizontally in layers our trellis netting is ideal to allow plants to grow up through the netting and be supported without the need to monitor growth and to continualy handle the plants and to tie to the supports. Great for flower beds and has suprisingly become immensely poplular with medical marijuana growers as the netting supports the plants as it grows up through the mesh.
When installed horizontally in layers, this net encourage air circulation, improves exposure to the sun and optimise the space available. When applied horizontally over flower beds, the net provides perfect stem support for fragile flowers and stems and adds a very strong support structure ideal for growing healthy plants.
Vertical Installation
Unit Ship Weight: 40 lbs


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I hope you all had a happy Thanksgiving weekend with your families.
I've been hearing a lot lately that the Mets' new management is listening to offers for shortstop Jose Reyes. The responsible thing for the Mets to do is to listen to proposals, but that doesn't ensure he's going anywhere. He'll be a free agent after this season so the prudent thing would be to ascertain the market before thinking about a long term extension.
There are teams with shortstop holes, namely San Francisco and Boston, but the Mets will want a lot in return. With a player of Reyes' potential, who can blame them?
However, teams thinking about Reyes have to be cautious for several reasons:
1) Because he'll be a free agent, they'll want a window of opportunity to sign him to an extension because they don't want to overpay for a rental.
2) Reyes is coming off back-to-back years in which injuries sapped his playing time and his health remains an issue.
3) Reyes is two years removed from being the dynamic leadoff hitter and impact player we expect from him.
4) With holes in their rotation and bullpen, not to mention now the hole at shortstop, the Mets' asking price would be high.
For those reasons, I don't see the Mets easily finding a trading partner. I would rather see the Mets pay Reyes the $11 million for 2011 and give him the year before making any decision on him, whether it be signing or dealing him.


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How managed updates work
With iOS 11.3 or later, a MDM administrator can delay when new iOS updates appear on supervised devices.
If your organization uses managed updates, you will see the following message in Settings > General > Software Update:
When updates appear
Administrators can delay when new iOS updates appear on supervised devices for up to 90 days. This helps your organization test critical apps and infrastructure with a new update before deploying it.
Administrators can also remotely install an iOS update on your device. If your device uses a passcode, you'll be asked to enter it before a remote update can be installed.


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Urban & Regional StudiesPage address: http://www.mnsu.edu/programs/ursi.html
|Urban & Regional Studies
|Social & Behavioral Sciences
|Program Website
|Undergraduate Degree Type(s)
|Program Description
The Urban and Regional Studies Institute is an interdisciplinary degree program oriented toward examining and understanding the broad range of problems and challenges associated with the nation's cities and regional areas. There are many career opportunities in local government management, community development, urban/regional planning, and design. Also the major is excellent preparation for graduate work in the professional fields of planning, management, business, etc.
This national award-winning program includes classroom, research and field experience. In addition to formal course work, students are encouraged to undertake independent study, become involved in community service projects, participate in field studies and accept internships in local agencies. Students should contact the Urban and Regional Studies Institute for further information.
|Admission Requirements
|Admission to major is granted by the department.
Minimum university admission requirements are:
|Other Requirements
|The undergraduate major consists of 33 semester hours, including three foundation and four core courses covering the key areas in the field, and four elective courses in a focus area. The minor consists of 18 semester hours, focusing on the foundation and core courses.
|Academic Bulletin
|A full description of the program including class listings and class descriptions are listed in the Academic Bulletin.
|Program Contact Information
|Urban and Regional Studies Institute
Minnesota State University, Mankato
Miriam H. Porter
106 Morris Hall
Mankato, MN 56001
Phone: 507-389-1714
Email: http://sbs.mnsu.edu/ursi/contact/
|College Advising
|College of Social & Behavioral Sciences Advising
Melissa Iverson, Student Relations Coordinator
114 Armstrong Hall
Note: This page may not print properly from Internet Explorer.


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Namadgi National Park - Nursery Swamp at its... brown best. Wish I'd visited much earlier in the year. On some of my previous visits I recall the swamp being lush green. I'll try another visit next summer.
I always find this area to be a very peaceful one, with the sound of constant breeze in the background. A roo or three can be spotted closer to the swamp.
Update: returned in late summer 2014 and found the swamp was once again full of green.
There are no kangaroos in Austria. We're talking about Australia, the world's smallest continent. That being cleared up, let's dive right in! Australia is a sovereign state under the Commonwealth of Nations, which is in turn overseen by Queen Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, Queen of Australia and Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth. The continent was first sighted and charted by the Dutch in 1606. Captain James Cook of Britain came along in the next century to claim it for Britain and name it "New South Wales." Shortly thereafter it was declared to be a penal colony full of nothing but criminals and convicts, giving it the crap reputation you may have heard at your last cocktail party. This rumor ignores 40,000 years of pre-European human history, especially the Aboriginal concept of Dreamtime, an interesting explanation of physical and spiritual reality. The two biggest cities in Australia are Sydney and Melbourne. Sydney is more for business, Melbourne for arts. But that's painting in very broad strokes. Take a whirl around the panoramas to see for yourself! Text by Steve Smith.


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"Tips for Working with Expert Witnesses," by James L. Ewing and Jason D. Gardner, contains a lot of useful information even though the article is tailored specifically to intellectual property litigation. (Note: link is to a pdf file.) Topics covered include:
- Selecting and retaining experts;
- Working with experts;
- Preparing experts to testify; and
- Taking the adverse expert's deposition.
The last section of the article can be used as a foundation for deposing an adverse expert in almost any case. It's informative--but short too!


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Phu is invited to custom a 8" blank Bic Buddy
for upcoming Bic Buddy Custom Show in
New York & Los Angeles in March 2010.
More progress pics at Phu Daily Photoblog soon.
Final custom pics will be up soon...So Stay Tuned!!!
Saturday, December 19, 2009
Next-in-line project for BIC Plastics
Wednesday, December 16, 2009
Phu @ Invasion Toys Custom Show
Saturday, December 05, 2009
Phu for Invasion Toys
Friday, December 04, 2009
Phu @ Feed My Tummy Custom Show
The name Phu in short is a self-created lingo. Entirely imaginative and not based upon adherence to actuality.
3D art is his pursuit, especially in vinyl customizing. Phu's Phuturistic concept is a manifestation through his artistic form of thought and personalized treatment in which he exercises the habit of recycling.
And it's with this Phuturistic niche, Phu's customed vinyls have been commissioned and showcased in various international exhibitions and shows worldwide.
: : Deconstruct / Recreate : :
© Phu. All Rights Reserved
: : Deconstruct / Recreate : :
© Phu. All Rights Reserved


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Sigmund Freud's (1856-1939) discoveries concerning the unconscious mind have had a major influence on Western thought and have permeated contemporary culture. His development of psychoanalysis contributed an essential method for the understanding, treatment and research of psychological disturbance.
The Sigmund Freud Archives, Inc. is an entirely independent organization, founded in 1951. It is dedicated to collecting, conserving, collating and making available for scholarly use all of Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic and personal papers, his correspondence, photos, records, memorabilia, etc.
Sigmund Freud Archives (SFA) was founded and incorporated on December 15, 1950. The original trustees were K. Eissler, H. Hartmann, E. Kris, B. Lewin, and H. Nunberg. The SFA was founded as a non-profit corporation for the following reasons:
The bulk of the correspondence and scientific papers of Sigmund Freud were acquired by Sigmund Freud Archives from Anna Freud and numerous other donors The collection was given to the Library of Congress between 1952 and 2005.
The mission of SFA has always encompassed the acquisition and preservation of all documents and memorablia by Sigmund Freud, and closely related to Sigmund Freud. The preservation currently involves the necessary digitization of the entire Freud Collection at the Library of Congress, and the treatment of the document paper and films to avoid otherwise inevitable deterioration over time.
Allied to the Sigmund Freud Collection at the Library of Congress are papers and correspondence of other eminent psychoanalysts, including Anna Freud, Jacob Arlow, Heinz Hartmann, E. Jacobson, etc.
The SFA was one of the original trustees of the Freud Museum in London.
These documents are protected and preserved at the United States Library of Congress, in the Freud Collection, established with the collaboration and donation of Sigmund Freud Archives. The Sigmund Freud Archives has a policy of derestriction, except for ethical and legal constraints, and 98 percent of the collection is now accessible.
All documents are released unaltered save for the deletion of patients' names to preserve anonymity and confidentiality. All interested persons may apply to the Library of Congress for permission to see non-restricted documents on the basis of equal access.
Papers of Anna Freud and other eminent psychoanalysts are available in allied collection at the Library of Congress.
Comprised of some 80,000 items, the Archives welcomes direct donations of relevant documents as well as funds to be used for further acquisitions.


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Goldenboy Mobility様は99designsで印刷物・パッケージデザインコンペを開催しました。
GoldenBoy Mobility (goldenboymobility.com)
Golden Boy Mobility has been around for 32 years and has been a family owned business. Gary Sr. and his brother created a handicap lift that then was purchased by one the industry leaders and was used for many years to follow. Gary Jr. worked with his dad growing up and has been around the industry for a long time and many of the customers remember him as a kid and working in the back shop. Gary Sr. has finally decided to retire and hand off the business to his son. His focus was on customer service, providing customers with exactly what they needed (even if that meant fabricating it because something didn't yet exist), and creating good quality products. Respected within the community.
Times are changing. Many of his competitors are acting like normal car dealerships and becoming very very profitable. I have received an overwhelming response from current customers and potential customers that the other companies within the area strongly lack customer service, personal attention, let alone know about their personal lives at all.
-Golden Boy is now a small, but very strong player in the market.
-Golden Boy has been around for 32 years (by far the most in our market)
-Customers are not happy with Ability Center's customer service
-Customer service, personal service is revered by customers and vendors
-Perceived as a family owned smaller operation
Any disabled person or person that requires mobility assistance. Mitch who was in an accident and is still very independent, strong, dedicated. Mary who is getting older and has been having a difficult time getting around. Rick, who was injured while serving in combat operations overseas and is very strongly involved in veteran organizations. Nancy who is taking care of her son with MS or cerebral palsy. All of these people share one bond - an interest in having the freedom and ability to be mobile and get out and enjoy being able to do things in life – normal shopping, and traveling to/from work, getting to medical appointments, traveling hwy1 etc.
(side note - logo was in basilea reg)
ai file is just to see how much content I needed, layout up to you can be multi fold
Use product pics
show different categories lifts etc
1 Drive customers to call or to go to the web site to do more in-depth research
2 Increase awareness by reaching those that do not know the Golden Boy story (used as a take away at events or leave behind at locations)
3 The Tri-fold should be an extension of the web site and brand. It should tell our story, while letting customers know that we are experts in all of the many mobility products on the market
Current perception
I have very specific needs. I want to be treated fairly and with respect. I am may or may not be price conscious, however I want a quality product. Customer service seems to be an afterthought.
What we want them to perceive
Gary, Levi, Sean, Tracey. Really care about my needs. They know exactly what I want and have bent over backwards to help me. I really trust them, they have been in the industry for a long time and really know about the products. They not only provide me with quality products, but the right quality products for my needs.
Golden By is dedicated to providing quality products, and providing customer support.
Message to our consumer
Providing freedom through quality, customer service, and trust
Tag line "GO. BE. LIVE" should be carried throughout the trifold (see web site)


text:
Still Got It Or Fell Off? Pinky The Porn Star Tells When She Became A Freak!
RollingoutTV reports "Porn Star, Pinky speaks on when she became such a freak and how far she will allow herself to go on camera. Graphic language. "
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In the year 2056, a global epidemic occurred, a deadly virus was spread across the Human Race. This virus has cut the average lifespan of the Human race to just 25 years. This meant the population was stunted severely. However, scientists came up with a way to preserve the body of Humans to allow them to continue living indefinitely inside NEKUR (virtual reality). Essentially, this meant humans were allowed to continue living their lives in a virtual world peacefully, without any risk from the deadly virus that was threatening them before. Each Human was given their own Avatar upon access to NEKUR.
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The Arnold tried to do this via executive fiat last year and there was enough blowback that it failed. I thought it was dead.
Apparently not.
This will be terrible for ER doctors in California.
Here's why:
Hypothetically, when I take care of a "Level 5" patient -- a complex patient requiring lots of diagnostic work and risk -- my gross charges might be $474.
However, most patients pay much less, because their insurers negotiate a lower payment rate. Medicare patients pay less than half, about $180, based on the medicare fee schedule. Private insurers -- Blue Cross, Aetna, UnitedHealth, etc, will individually negotiate rates with the physician group, typically getting a discount anywhere from 15-50%, depending on the size and political clout of the plan. They promise rapid payment with less hassle in return for this discount. However, the demands are typically for very deep discounts, and as the representative for our physician group my job is to try to keep payments as high as possible, largely to offset the losses we take on uninsured and medicaid patients.
The only leverage I have to extract concessions from insurers is to walk away from the table and go "non-participating" or "non-par" with a given insurer. In that case, the patient gets no discount and is responsible for the full charge. The insurer will usually send a token payment, and the patient is billed for the balance. This sucks for patients who thought they had purchased insurance to cover their medical expenses. Typically, in response to such a threat -- or a notice of termination letter -- the plans will respond with a reasonable compromise. The doctors' only alternative is to bend over and take whatever pittance the insurance companies offer.
If the balance billing prohibition is enacted, insurance companies will have the ability to drive down physician reimbursements with no recourse whatsoever. They can use the threat of paying non-par physicians at Medicaid rates to force doctors to contract at unsustainably deep discounts.
CA-ACEP and CMA are opposing this - good for them. But with the Governor in their pocket, the big bucks the insurers can apply to the legislators and the phony patient-advocate spin they're putting on it, I worry that the deck is stacked against them.
02 April 2008
California Moves to Ban Balance Billing
The Arnold tried to do this via executive fiat last year and there was enough blowback that it failed. I thought it was dead.
Posted by shadowfax at 9:37 AM
5 comments:
- Anonymous4/03/2008 7:07 PM
As a patient who has had to deal with this, and someone who lives in California, I have to say that I am with the governator on this one.ReplyDelete
I do not think that the status quo is fair to ER docs, and I think we need a system that is (including funding for EMTALA-mandated care).
But the solution is not continuing to let the patient get screwed. There is one hospital ER I am allowed to go to by my managed care plan. I have no control over what doctor or doctor group sees me when I go there, what they charge, or what my insurance plan reimburses them for. And I know from personal experience that it is hell to spend 8+ hours on the phone followed by 3+ hours crutching around the hospital to try to figure out why you are getting this doctor bill for care your plan was supposed to cover when you went to the right hospital and did what you were supposed to do. It's extortion -- I shouldn't have to pay it, but it's either my pocketbook or my credit history that's going to take a hit.
Again, what is happening now is truly not fair to the docs. But for the docs to respond to the situation by turning around and screwing over the only people with less control of the situation than they have is unconscionable.
- Anonymous4/04/2008 6:33 AM
+1 anonymous 707.ReplyDelete
but do you have any suggestions for a workable alternative?
- Anonymous4/04/2008 10:13 PM
The problem with me suggesting a workable alternative is that I have no idea what I am talking about. I think I have some right to an opinion on situations I've been directly involved with as a patient, but since medicine isn't my field, my opinion on how to fix the current billing problems isn't worth the, uh, electrons (light emitting diodes? pixels?) it's printed on.ReplyDelete
There are too many things I don't know anything about as far as how contracts with hospitals work, exactly how reimbursement works and is negotiated, etc. But it seems like a hospital can't be the recommended one for a large insurance plan unless all the docs the patients encounter take that insurance. So if the ER groups refuse to take the insurance plans when the reimbursement rates are not sustainable, the hospital loses business to other hospitals. When all of the docs in an area won't take a plan, the plan has a reason to negotiate a higher rate. If there are too many problems with coverage in the area, businesses will drop the insurance plan, which also pressures the insurance company to stop screwing around. But there may be other factors that keep that from working.
In general I think health care billing is totally insane. The amount I pay a plumber isn't dependent only on what is wrong with the pipes; I pay a base charge for getting him/her to my house, and then for time after that. And yet in medicine it seems to be the case that the time of a very highly educated person spent talking to a patient is worth little, while the time of the same person doing something is worth a lot. Time is time, and the time of highly skilled people is expensive whether they are coming up with a brilliant diagnosis, running a code, or explaining that a 3 year old does not need antibiotics for 36 hours of sniffles. I think that getting away from the crazy X diagnosis gets you Y amount of money and all of the bizarre coding to a simpler system where time is more directly compensated would make things better for everyone. But I have no idea how to make that happen.
-Anon 707
I think the issue is that the state needs to set pricing guidelines for "emergency balance billing. This is my situation happening right now. My 16 yr. old had accident and was flown to nearest trauma center. 8 day stay and surgery 80,000. My insurance said that it is not contracted with hosp. so it will only pay 37,000. I am billed for what is left!!! Neither hosp. or insurance will give me pricing criteria or how they each reached their decision. I am expected to write a 40,000 plus check to hospital and call it a day. I did not pick the hosp. the paramedics decided that was nearest trauma center. What to do. I am in the middle with the most to lose!!!! This is an epidemic problem bankrupting people. By the way I pay 989.00 a month for insurance. I do not expect a free ride!!ReplyDelete
- Anonymous6/03/2008 10:09 AM
I had a noncontracted ER doctor take good care of me at a contracted hospital (Aetna PPO). My insurance mistakenly (or not?)processed it for a contracted doctor, and I was balance billed immediately. I called the insurance company (because the emergency gp didn't even try to negotiate), and they agreed to resubmit the charges correctly. Meanwhile, I paid the ER group the balance, because they are aggressive - stating I was already 30-days past due, and threatening finance charges (this is 60 days post accident). A few days later, my insurance came back with a new explanation of benefits, paying the ER doctors in full (not knowing I already paid them). So now I have to write a letter requesting reimbursement from the ER docs - perhaps I can threaten a finance charge. But this is clearly a case where the ER docs group didn't even try to negotiate with my insurance. This shouldn't be. I'm sure they've had bad experiences in negotiations, but now it seems something has to be done to protect the patient, because the docs (their billing gp that is) aren't even trying. They know where the weak link is - the patient who may be dealing with health issues and is trying to protect their credit.ReplyDelete


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Via Political Wire, I came across this article in which Charlie Cook appraises the current state of the 2012 presidential election. Though not really the focus of the piece, it claims that President Obama's "signature legislative accomplishment of health care reform remains very unpopular."
Now, I'm not saying the health care reform policy (either when it was working its way through the Congress or as an actually enacted law) has ever been wildly popular. However, "very unpopular" doesn't strike me as an accurate characterization, either. Just to make sure I wasn't missing any new polling data that would support Cook's view, I visited Polling Report's compilation on health policy. Here is what I found...
In the Kaiser Family Foundation's latest Health Tracking Poll (in the field during roughly the past week, July 13-18), 42% of Americans rated the health care reform law favorably and 43% unfavorably (with the rest unsure or refusing to say). This finding confirms the impression I (and other observers) have had, that public opinion is divided or mixed on the policy.
Another poll listed in the repository is that by Ann Selzer for Bloomberg. It is somewhat dated by now (June 17-20), but it used a question wording that seems unique:
"Turning to the health care law passed last year, what is your opinion of the law? It should be repealed. It may need small modifications, but we should see how it works. It should be left alone."
A majority of respondents (51%) went with the "see how it works" option, suggesting patience and possible receptivity of the American people to the law. The poll found 35% support for repeal and 11% for leaving the law as is. (Here's a link to the Bloomberg News article on the poll).
Scrolling further down the Polling Report archive, we see some additional June polls (primarily from early in the month), when a larger number of survey outfits were measuring public opinion on the health law. These tended to show the unfavorable response outdrawing the favorable one more substantially (by 10 percentage points in the AP-GfK poll; by 11 in the CBS News poll, and by a hefty 17 in the CNN/ORC poll).
However, CNN/ORC has been one of the few polls to probe an issue that was discussed extensively in the past on this blog: opposition from the left. CNN/ORC uses this follow-up probe with respondents who said they opposed the law, "Do you oppose that legislation because you think its approach toward health care is too liberal, or because you think it is not liberal enough?" The June 2011 results then break down as follows:
39% favoring the law in the first place
36% opposing the law for being too liberal
14% opposing it for not being liberal enough
Now, again, I am not expecting health care reform to be an asset for Obama as he seeks re-election next year. If I can play amateur political consultant, I think he'd be better off emphasizing whatever amount of job growth takes place in the next year and the capture of Osama Bin Laden. However, I believe the evidence shows public opinion on health care reform to be more mixed and nuanced than Cook's apparent dismissal of it as "very unpopular."


text:
Vanity Fair Print : Oscar Wilde 1884
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Buying and shipping information
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text:
C# FAQ for C++ programmers
Andy McMullan
The C# FAQ for C++ programmers was first posted in Aug 2000, and is regularly updated. It answers many of the questions that C++ developers have when they first encounter C#.
Let me know if you have any comments, corrections or suggestions.
Latest updates:
20-Oct-2009: New section on C# 3.0
- 1. Introduction
- 2. Types
- 2.1 What standard types does C# use?
- 2.2 Is it true that all C# types derive from a common base class?
- 2.3 So I can pass an instance of a value type to a method that takes an object as a parameter?
- 2.4 What are the fundamental differences between value types and reference types?
- 2.5 Okay, so an int is a value type, and a class is a reference type. How can int be derived from object?
- 2.6 Are C# references the same as C++ references?
- 2.7 Can I use typedefs in C#?
- 3. Classes and Structs
- 3.1 Structs are largely redundant in C++. Why does C# have them?
- 3.2 Does C# support multiple inheritance (MI)?
- 3.3 Is a C# interface the same as a C++ abstract class?
- 3.4 Are C# constructors the same as C++ constructors?
- 3.5 Are C# destructors the same as C++ destructors?
- 3.6 If C# destructors are so different to C++ destructors, why did MS use the same syntax?
- 3.7 Are all methods virtual in C#?
- 3.8 How do I declare a pure virtual function in C#?
- 3.9 Can I call a virtual method from a constructor/destructor?
- 3.10 Should I make my destructor virtual?
- 4. Exceptions
- 5. Run-time Type Information
- 6. Miscellaneous
- 6.1 How do I do a case-insensitive string comparison?
- 6.2 Does C# support a variable number of arguments?
- 6.3 How can I process command-line arguments?
- 6.4 Does C# do array bounds checking?
- 6.5 How can I make sure my C# classes will interoperate with other .NET languages?
- 6.6 How do I use the 'using' keyword with multiple objects?
- 6.7 What is the difference between == and object.Equals?
- 6.8 How do I enforce const correctness in C#?
- 9. Resources
- 9.1 Books
1. Introduction
1.1 What is C#?
C# is a general-purpose object-oriented programming language designed by Microsoft. It is loosely based on C/C++, and is very similar to Java. You can download the C# 3.0 spec here.
1.2 How do I develop C# apps?
Visual C# Express is the easiest way to get started. On Linux you can use Mono.
1.3 Does C# replace C++?
There are three options open to the Windows developer from a C++ background:
- Stick with standard C++. Don't use .NET at all.
- Use C++ with .NET. Microsoft supply a .NET C++ compiler that produces IL rather than machine code. (To make full use of the .NET environment (e.g. garbage collection), a set of extensions are required to standard C++, called C++/CLI.)
- Forget C++ and use C#.
Each of these options has merits, depending on the developer and the application, but for most general purpose applications C# is a much more productive environment than C++. Where existing C++ code must be used with a new application, the existing code can be wrapped using C++/CLI to allow it to interop with C#.
1.4 Does C# have its own class library?
Not exactly. The .NET Framework has a comprehensive class library, which C# can make use of. C# does not have its own class library.
2. Types
2.1 What standard types does C# use?
C# supports a very similar range of basic types to C++, including int, long, float, double, char, string, arrays, structs and classes. However, don't assume too much. The names may be familiar, but many of the details are different. For example, a long is 64 bits in C#, whereas in C++ the size of a long depends on the platform (typically 32 bits on a 32-bit platform, 64 bits on a 64-bit platform). Also classes and structs are almost the same in C++ - this is not true for C#. Finally, chars and strings in .NET are 16-bit (Unicode/UTF-16), not 8-bit like C++.
2.2 Is it true that all C# types derive from a common base class?
Yes and no. All types can be treated as if they derive from object (System.Object), but in order to treat an instance of a value type (e.g. int, float) as object-derived, the instance must be converted to a reference type using a process called 'boxing'. In theory a developer can forget about this and let the run-time worry about when the conversion is necessary, but in reality this implicit conversion can have side-effects that may trip up the unwary.
2.3 So I can pass an instance of a value type to a method that takes an object as a parameter?
Yes. For example:
class CApplication { public static void Main() { int x = 25; string s = "fred"; DisplayMe( x ); DisplayMe( s ); } static void DisplayMe( object o ) { System.Console.WriteLine( "You are {0}", o ); } }
This would display:
You are 25 You are fred
2.4 What are the fundamental differences between value types and reference types?
C# divides types into two categories - value types and reference types. Most of the intrinsic types (e.g. int, char) are value types. Structs are also value types. Reference types include classes, arrays and strings. The basic idea is straightforward - an instance of a value type represents the actual data, whereas an instance of a reference type represents a pointer or reference to the data.
The most confusing aspect of this for C++ developers is that C# has predetermined which types are represented as values, and which are represented as references. A C++ developer expects to take responsibility for this decision.
For example, in C++ we can do this:
int x1 = 3; // x1 is a value on the stack int *x2 = new int(3) // x2 is a pointer to a value on the heap
but in C# there is no control:
int x1 = 3; // x1 is a value on the stack int x2 = new int(); x2 = 3; // x2 is also a value on the stack!
2.5 Okay, so an int is a value type, and a class is a reference type. How can int be derived from object?
It isn't, really. When an int is being used as an int, it is a value. However, when it is being used as an object, it is a reference to an integer value (on the managed heap). In other words, when you treat an int as an object, the runtime automatically converts the int value to an object reference. This process is called boxing. The conversion involves copying the int to the heap, and creating an object instance which refers to it. Unboxing is the reverse process - the object is converted back to a value.
int x = 3; // new int value 3 on the stack object objx = x; // new int on heap, set to value 3 - still have x=3 on stack int y = (int)objx; // new value 3 on stack, still got x=3 on stack and objx=3 on heap
2.6 Are C# references the same as C++ references?
Not quite. The basic idea is the same, but one significant difference is that C# references can be null . So you cannot rely on a C# reference pointing to a valid object. In that respect a C# reference is more like a C++ pointer than a C++ reference. If you try to use a null reference, a NullReferenceException is thrown.
For example, look at the following method:
void displayStringLength( string s ) { Console.WriteLine( "String is length {0}", s.Length ); }
The problem with this method is that it will throw a NullReferenceException if called like this:
string s = null; displayStringLength( s );
Of course for some situations you may deem a NullReferenceException to be a perfectly acceptable outcome, but in this case it might be better to re-write the method like this:
void displayStringLength( string s ) { if( s == null ) Console.WriteLine( "String is null" ); else Console.WriteLine( "String is length {0}", s.Length ); }
2.7 Can I use typedefs in C#?
No, C# has no direct equivalent of the C++ typedef. C# does allow an alias to be specified via the using keyword:
using IntList = System.Collections.Generic.List<int>;
but the alias only applies in the file in which it is declared. A workaround in some cases is to use inheritance:
public class IntList : List<int> { }
The pros and cons of this approach are discussed here.
3. Classes and Structs
3.1 Structs are largely redundant in C++. Why does C# have them?
In C++, a struct and a class are pretty much the same thing. The only difference is the default visibility level (public for structs, private for classes). However, in C# structs and classes are very different. In C#, structs are value types (instances stored directly on the stack, or inline within heap-based objects), whereas classes are reference types (instances stored on the heap, accessed indirectly via a reference). Also structs cannot inherit from structs or classes, though they can implement interfaces. Structs cannot have destructors. A C# struct is much more like a C struct than a C++ struct.
3.2 Does C# support multiple inheritance (MI)?
No, though it does support implementation of multiple interfaces on a single class or struct.
3.3 Is a C# interface the same as a C++ abstract class?
No, not quite. An abstract class in C++ cannot be instantiated, but it can (and often does) contain implementation code and/or data members. A C# interface cannot contain any implementation code or data members - it is simply a group of method names & signatures. A C# interface is more like a COM interface than a C++ abstract class.
3.4 Are C# constructors the same as C++ constructors?
Very similar, but there are some significant differences. First, C# supports constructor chaining. This means one constructor can call another:
class Person { public Person( string name, int age ) { ... } public Person( string name ) : this( name, 0 ) {} public Person() : this( "", 0 ) {} }
Another difference is that virtual method calls within a constructor are routed to the most derived implementation - see Can I Call a virtual method from a constructor.
Error handling is also somewhat different. If an exception occurs during construction of a C# object, the destuctor (finalizer) will still be called. This is unlike C++ where the destructor is not called if construction is not completed. (Thanks to Jon Jagger for pointing this out.)
Finally, C# has static constructors. The static constructor for a class runs before the first instance of the class is created.
Also note that (like C++) some C# developers prefer the factory method pattern over constructors. See Brad Wilson's article.
3.5 Are C# destructors the same as C++ destructors?
No. They look the same but they are very different. The C# destructor syntax (with the familiar ~ character) is just syntactic sugar for an override of the System.Object Finalize method. This Finalize method is called by the garbage collector when it determines that an object is no longer referenced, before it frees the memory associated with the object. So far this sounds like a C++ destructor. The difference is that the garbage collector makes no guarantees about when this procedure happens. Indeed, the algorithm employed by the CLR garbage collector means that it may be a long time after the application has finished with the object. This lack of certainty is often termed 'non-deterministic finalization', and it means that C# destructors are not suitable for releasing scarce resources such as database connections, file handles etc.
To achieve deterministic destruction, a class must offer a method to be used for the purpose. The standard approach is for the class to implement the IDisposable interface. The user of the object must call the Dispose() method when it has finished with the object. C# offers the 'using' construct to make this easier.
Note that it's rarely necessary to define a destructor for a C# class - it only makes sense where the class holds direct references to unmanaged resources, which is very unusual. Implementing IDisposable is somewhat more commonly required, but still only necessary for a small minority of classes.
3.6 If C# destructors are so different to C++ destructors, why did MS use the same syntax?
Presumably they wanted C++ programmers to feel at home. I think they made a mistake.
3.7 Are all methods virtual in C#?
No. Like C++, methods are non-virtual by default, but can be marked as virtual.
3.8 How do I declare a pure virtual function in C#?
Use the abstract modifier on the method. The class must also be marked as abstract. Note that abstract methods cannot have an implementation (unlike pure virtual C++ methods).
3.9 Can I call a virtual method from a constructor/destructor?
Yes, but it's generally not a good idea. The mechanics of object construction in .NET are quite different from C++, and this affects virtual method calls in constructors.
C++ constructs objects from base to derived, so when the base constructor is executing the object is effectively a base object, and virtual method calls are routed to the base class implementation. By contrast, in .NET the derived constructor is executed first, which means the object is always a derived object and virtual method calls are always routed to the derived implementation. (Note that the C# compiler inserts a call to the base class constructor at the start of the derived constructor, thus preserving standard OO semantics by creating the illusion that the base constructor is executed first.)
The same issue arises when calling virtual methods from C# destructors. A virtual method call in a base destructor will be routed to the derived implementation.
3.10 Should I make my destructor virtual?
A C# destructor is really just an override of the System.Object Finalize method, and so is virtual by definition.
4. Exceptions
4.1 Can I use exceptions in C#?
Yes, in fact exceptions are the recommended error-handling mechanism in C# (and in .NET in general). Most of the .NET framework classes use exceptions to signal errors.
4.2 What types of object can I throw as exceptions?
Only instances of the System.Exception classes, or classes derived from System.Exception. This is in sharp contrast with C++ where instances of almost any type can be thrown.
4.3 Can I define my own exceptions?
Yes, just derive your exception class from System.Exception.
Note that if you want your exception to cross remoting boundaries you'll need to do some extra work - see http://www.thinktecture.com/Resources/RemotingFAQ/CustomExceptions.html for details.
4.4 Does the System.Exception class have any cool features?
Yes - the feature which stands out is the StackTrace property. This provides a call stack which records where the exception was thrown from. For example, the following code:
using System; class CApp { public static void Main() { try { f(); } catch( Exception e ) { Console.WriteLine( "System.Exception stack trace = \n{0}", e.StackTrace ); } } static void f() { throw new Exception( "f went pear-shaped" ); } }
produces this output:
System.Exception stack trace = at CApp.f() at CApp.Main()
Note, however, that this stack trace was produced from a debug build. A release build may optimise away some of the method calls which could mean that the call stack isn't quite what you expect.
4.5 When should I throw an exception?
This is the subject of some debate, and is partly a matter of taste. However, it is accepted by most that exceptions should be thrown only when an 'unexpected' error occurs. How do you decide if an error is expected or unexpected? This is a judgement call, but a straightforward example of an expected error is failing to read from a file because the seek pointer is at the end of the file, whereas an example of an unexpected error is failing to allocate memory from the heap.
4.6 Does C# have a 'throws' clause?
No, unlike Java, C# does not require (or even allow) the developer to specify the exceptions that a method can throw.
5. Run-time Type Information
5.1 How can I check the type of an object at runtime?
You can use the is keyword. For example:
using System; class CApp { public static void Main() { string s = "fred"; long i = 10; Console.WriteLine( "{0} is {1}an integer", s, (IsInteger(s) ? "" : "not ") ); Console.WriteLine( "{0} is {1}an integer", i, (IsInteger(i) ? "" : "not ") ); } static bool IsInteger( object obj ) { if( obj is int || obj is long ) return true; else return false; } }
produces the output:
fred is not an integer 10 is an integer
5.2 Can I get the name of a type at runtime?
Yes, use the GetType method of the object class (which all types inherit from). For example:
using System; class CTest { class CApp { public static void Main() { long i = 10; CTest ctest = new CTest(); DisplayTypeInfo( ctest ); DisplayTypeInfo( i ); } static void DisplayTypeInfo( object obj ) { Console.WriteLine( "Type name = {0}, full type name = {1}", obj.GetType(), obj.GetType().FullName ); } } }
produces the following output:
Type name = CTest, full type name = CTest Type name = Int64, full type name = System.Int64
5.3 What is the difference between typeof and GetType()?
Apart from the obvious (i.e. typeof operates on a type whereas GetType operates on an object), the main thing to watch out for is that GetType returns the underlying type of the object, which may not be the same as the type of the reference to the object. For example:
class Base { } class Derived : Base { } class Program { static void Main() { ShowType( new Derived() ); } static void ShowType( Base b ) { Console.WriteLine(typeof(Base)); Console.WriteLine(b.GetType()); } }
gives the following output:
Base Derived
6. Miscellaneous
6.1 How do I do a case-insensitive string comparison?
Use the string.Compare method. Its third parameter specifies case sensitivity.
"fred" == "Fred" // false string.Compare( "fred", "Fred", StringComparison.CurrentCultureIgnoreCase ) == 0 // true
For more control over the comparison, e.g. exotic features like width-sensitivity, consider using System.Globalization.CompareInfo.Compare(), e.g.
CultureInfo.CurrentCulture.CompareInfo.Compare( "fred", "Fred", CompareOptions.IgnoreCase | CompareOptions.IgnoreKanaType | CompareOptions.IgnoreWidth );
6.2 Does C# support a variable number of arguments?
Yes, using the params keyword. The arguments are specified as a list of arguments of a specific type, e.g. int. For ultimate flexibility, the type can be object. The standard example of a method which uses this approach is System.Console.WriteLine().
6.3 How can I process command-line arguments?
Like this:
using System; class CApp { public static void Main( string[] args ) { Console.WriteLine( "You passed the following arguments:" ); foreach( string arg in args ) Console.WriteLine( arg ); } }
(Take a look at Charles Cook's NOptFunc project for easy command-line parsing.)
6.4 Does C# do array bounds checking?
Yes. An IndexOutOfRange exception is used to signal an error.
6.5 How can I make sure my C# classes will interoperate with other .NET languages?
Make sure your C# code conforms to the Common Language Subset (CLS). To help with this, add the [assembly:CLSCompliant(true)] global attribute to your C# source files. The compiler will emit an error if you use a C# feature which is not CLS-compliant.
6.6 How do I use the 'using' keyword with multiple objects?
You can nest using statements, like this:
using( obj1 ) { using( obj2 ) { ... } }
However consider using this more aesthetically pleasing (but functionally identical) formatting:
using( obj1 ) using( obj2 ) { ... }
6.7 What is the difference between == and object.Equals?
For value types, == and Equals() usually compare two objects by value. For example:
int x = 10; int y = 10; Console.WriteLine( x == y ); Console.WriteLine( x.Equals(y) );
will display:
True True
However things are more complex for reference types. Generally speaking, for reference types == is expected to perform an identity comparison, i.e. it will only return true if both references point to the same object. By contrast, Equals() is expected to perform a value comparison, i.e. it will return true if the references point to objects that are equivalent. For example:
StringBuilder s1 = new StringBuilder("fred"); StringBuilder s2 = new StringBuilder("fred"); Console.WriteLine( s1 == s2 ); Console.WriteLine( s1.Equals(s2) );
will display:
False True
s1 and s2 are different objects (hence == returns false), but they are equivalent (hence Equals() returns true).
Unfortunately there are exceptions to these rules. The implementation of Equals() in System.Object (the one your class inherits by default) compares identity, i.e. it's the same as operator==. So Equals() only tests for equivalence if the class author overrides the method (and implements it correctly). Another exception is the string class - its operator== compares value rather than identity.
Bottom line: If you want to perform an identity comparison use the ReferenceEquals() method. If you want to perform a value comparison, use Equals() but be aware that it will only work if the type has overridden the default implementation. Avoid operator== with reference types (except perhaps strings), as it's simply too ambiguous.
6.8 How do I enforce const correctness in C#?
You can't - at least not in the same way you do in C++. C# (actually, the CLI) has no real concept of const correctness, For example, there's no way to specify that a method should not modify an argument passed in to it. And there's no way to specify that a method does not modify the object on which it is acting.
To get a feel for the angst this causes among some C++ programmers, read the feedback on this post from Raymond Chen.
There are of course ways of addressing this issue. For example, see Brad Abram's post (and associated feedback) for some ideas on adding optional read-only behaviour to collection classes.
7.1 What are the new features in C# 2.0?
Support for all of the new framework features such as generics, anonymous methods, partial classes, iterators and static classes. See the .NET FAQ for more on these features.
Delegate inference is a new feature of the C# compiler which makes delegate usage a little simpler. It allows you to write this:
Thread t = new Thread(ThreadFunc);
instead of this:
Thread t = new Thread( new ThreadStart(ThreadFunc) );
Another minor but welcome addition is the explicit global namespace, which fixes a hole in namespace usage in C# 1.x. You can prefix a type name with global:: to indicate that the type belongs to the global namespace, thus avoiding problems where the compiler infers the namespace and gets it wrong.
Finally C# 2.0 includes some syntactic sugar for the new System.Nullable type. You can use T? as a synonym for System.Nullable<T>, where T is a value type. As suggested by the name, this allows values of the type to be 'null', or 'undefined'.
7.2 Are C# generics the same as C++ templates?
No, not really. There are some similarities, but there are also fundamental differences. See the .NET FAQ for more details.
8.1 What's new in C# 3.0?
Support for LINQ was the driving force behind the main enhancements in C# 3.0. Query expressions are the most obvious example, but lambda expressions, extension methods and anonymous types also fall into this category. However most of these enhancements are useful beyond LINQ.
Query expressions allow a SQL-like query syntax to be used in C#, e.g.
var nameList = new List<string> { "jack", "jill", "sue" }; var results = from name in nameList where name.StartsWith("j") select name;
Query expressions are just syntactic sugar - they resolve to standard method calls. For example the query expression above can be rewritten as:
var results = nameList.Where(name => name.StartsWith("j"));
The argument to Where() is a lambda expression, which represents an anonymous method. However a lambda expression is not just a more concise way to represent executable code - it can also be interpreted as a data structure (known as an expression tree), which allows the expression to be easily analysed or transformed at runtime. For example, LINQ-to-SQL makes use of this feature to transform C# queries to SQL queries, which gives much better performance than a simple in-memory filtering of results (as offered by DataTable.Select(), for example).
The Where() method shown above is an example of another new C# 3.0 feature: extension methods. Extension methods allow extra methods to be 'attached' to an existing type - any type, even sealed types or types you don't have the source code for. For example, the Where() method can be applied to any type that implements IEnumerable<T>.
Another new feature of C# 3.0 is the var keyword, which allows the compiler to infer the type of a variable from context, which is required for anonymous types but can be used with standard named types too:
var list = new List<string>() { "jack", "jill", "sue" }; // optional use with named types var person = new { name = "jack", age = 20 }; // anonymous type
These examples also demonstrate the new object initializer and collection initializer syntax.
Finally, there are implicitly typed arrays and auto-implemented properties:
var names = new [] { "jack", "jill", "sue" }; // implicitly string[] public string Name { get; set; } // auto-implemented property - private backing field auto-generated
9. Resources
9.1 Books
I recommend the following books, either because I personally like them, or because I think they are well regarded by other C# developers. (Note that I get a commission from Amazon if you buy a book after following one of these links.)
- Pro C# 2008 and the .NET 3.5 Platform, Fourth Edition - Andrew Troelsen
Regarded by many as the best all round C#/.NET book. Wide coverage including Windows Forms, COM interop, ADO.NET, ASP.NET etc.
- CLR via C# is the .NET 2.0 version of Jeffrey Richter's acclaimed "Applied Microsoft .NET Framework Programming" book. More 'under-the-hood' content than the Troelsen book.
See also my .NET recommended books.


text:
Gun fired inside home leads to standoff
07/15/2014 6:56amA Magna man is in police custody after a standoff with police. Police said he fired a shotgun, threatening the safety of people inside a home.
Pleasant View police chief fired after tense meeting
07/15/2014 7:09amAn attorney for Pleasant View's police chief says the 17-year veteran was fired Saturday after a tense meeting with city leaders the day before.
$35K worth of marijuana found in drug bust
07/15/2014 7:33amPolice arrested three people, placed a baby in state custody, and took more than $35,000 worth of drugs off the streets in Utah County Monday evening.
Audit shows Mulligans is profitable, group says
07/15/2014 9:09amA group advocating for the preservation of a popular local sports and entertainment venue is questioning city officials' financial reasoning behind a potential redevelopment of the site.
Man being held in jail dies
07/15/2014 9:20amA Mexican man being detained by U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement in Utah died Saturday.
Woman rescued from quicksand; hiker's body recovered
07/15/2014 9:34amThe Grand County sheriff's search and rescue team was called out twice last week — once to rescue a Moab woman stuck in quicksand and once to search for an overdue hiker from Minnesota who was found dead.
Video game technology aims to heal trauma
07/15/2014 10:22amUSC's Institute for Creative Technologies works closely with the military to develop innovative strategies for treating PTSD using video game technology. The therapy also may help anyone dealing with trauma.
Passengers escape moments before train hits car
07/15/2014 10:29amTragedy was avoided when a car crashed onto railroad tracks in front of an oncoming train. Everyone inside the vehicle escaped.
5 tips to help you enjoy public land with the public
07/15/2014 11:01amDealing with the public while enjoying public land can sometimes take the fun and peacefulness right out of your outdoor experience. Here are 5 tips to help you better enjoy Utah's wild public lands, while sharing them with the public.
4 ways to spot a meth house
07/15/2014 11:48amMeth remains a hot issue: everyone wants to avoid going into or buying a meth-contaminated home, but few really know what warning signs to look for. Learn what to look for and how to avoid being "cooked" by a meth contaminated home
Fry sauce, green Jell-O and other Utah food folklore
07/15/2014 11:53amWith treats like green Jell-O and fry sauce, Utah has its own distinct food culture.
83-year-old man accused of killing stepdaughter
07/15/2014 2:32pmAn 83-year-old man accused of fatally shooting his stepdaughter in Parowan told police he had "no remorse."
West Jordan mom convicted of killing daughter sentenced to prison
07/15/2014 4:22pmMary Hansen, who shot and killed her 18-year-old daughter, Virginia, was ordered to prison Monday. The woman pleaded guilty but mentally ill to manslaughter in the March 2012 shooting, which Hansen said was part of a suicide pact.
Deputies: Mother left 3 kids at gas station, arrested for DUI
07/15/2014 4:27pmA Vernal woman's blood-alcohol content was more than twice the legal limit when she was arrested Monday night after leaving her three children at a Duchesne convenience store, sheriff's deputies said.
Man sentenced to prison for shooting at synagogue
07/15/2014 5:55pmA man who pleaded guilty in April to firing three rounds from a .22 caliber handgun at a Salt Lake City synagogue was sentenced to prison Tuesday.
Swallow, Shurtleff released from jail
07/15/2014 6:12pmFormer Utah Attorneys General John Swallow and Mark Shurtleff were arrested Tuesday and charged with numerous felonies and misdemeanors.
1 killed, 2 injured in head-on collision near Kamas
07/15/2014 6:28pmA woman was killed and two others were injured during a head-on collision near Kamas Tuesday morning.
Shurtleff's attorney: DA 'grandstanding' arrests
07/15/2014 6:50pmMark Shurtleff's attorney, Max Wheeler, spoke with Doug Wright on the Doug Wright Show Tuesday morning after his client was charged and arrested for his alleged involvement with unlawful activity, bribery and other related charges.
Nepalese woman reported missing in SLC found safe
07/15/2014 7:14pmPolice located a Nepalese woman reported missing in Salt Lake City.
5 foods that aren't as healthy as you thought
07/15/2014 7:31pmDuring the summer months, many people look for different diets to help them achieve that swimsuit-ready body. Others try eating healthier to lose those last stubborn 15 pounds. However, some of the "health" foods may not be as healthy as you thought.
Judge denies release for man accused of planning to bomb police station
07/15/2014 8:01pmA U.S. District judge denied the release Tuesday of a Tremonton man with a history of making explosive devices.
Roosevelt man captures flash flood on video
07/15/2014 8:04pmA Roosevelt man was enjoying his usual commute home when he witnessed a large flash flood Monday evening.
Map shows biggest bank headquartered in each state
07/15/2014 9:10pmA recent survey shows that public opinion of big banks has improved significantly over the past few years, prompting GOBankingRates to create a map displaying the biggest bank headquartered in each state.
Audit: 'Awkward' change in SL County's mental health services
07/15/2014 9:39pmAn audit of Salt Lake County's behavioral health system notes an 'awkward' transition from a nonprofit agency as the sole service provider and overseer of the county's resources provider to awarding management services to a for-profit corporation.
Man shot by West Jordan police booked into jail
07/15/2014 10:03pmA man shot by West Jordan police last week has been discharged from the hospital and booked into jail, but police aren't releasing details of what led an officer to shoot him.
Swallow, Shurtleff charges 'validation' for legislators, Dunnigan says
07/15/2014 10:22pmThe chair of the House committee that investigated John Swallow said the charges filed against former Utah Attorneys General John Swallow and Mark Shurtleff serve as "validation" for legislators' $3.8 million inquiry, but he and other lawmakers acknowledged there was unfinished business on Utah's Capitol Hill in terms of reform.
Parts of BYU-Idaho, Rexburg flooded after heavy storm
07/15/2014 10:37pmApartment complexes, homes and parts of the BYU-Idaho campus were flooded after a heavy rain and hail storm Tuesday afternoon.
Logan vigil held to support families of 3 killed in double murder-suicide
07/15/2014 10:53pmMany questions will never be answered about the double murder- suicide that left three young people dead in Logan Monday, but police and area students are doing what they can to offer closure for all mourning the deaths.
Woman in critical but stable condition after head-on crash, police say
07/15/2014 11:36pmA woman was transported by a Life Flight in critical but stable condition after a head-on collision Tuesday afternoon, police said.
About 3 acres burned in Sandy fire, officials say
07/15/2014 11:43pmA fire that started in a gully west of 10400 S. 1300 East in Sandy has burned about three acres of hillside, according to the Sandy City Fire Department.
We're sorry, currently this live video stream is only available inside of Utah or an approved RSL broadcast territory.
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text:
Watch Bloom Free Online. Stream and Download The Full Movie Bloom For Free Online
|>>Watch Free: Link 1
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Where Can I watch Bloom For Free? Now a days there are many sites available for free to watch Bloom online. Now a days we prefer to watch Bloom online because for offline first we have to download and then watch it, but for online we can see right now.
United Press International journalist Will Bloom and his French freelance photojournalist wife Josephine Bloom, who is pregnant with their first child, leave their Paris base to return to Will's hometown of Ashton, Alabama on the news that his father, Edward Bloom, stricken with cancer, will soon die, he being taken off chemotherapy treatment. Although connected indirectly through Will's mother/
Bloom Towne is a small-town sheriff under the thumb of the well-established, deeply influential Mayor Dick Cavanaugh's family. When Bloom's two teenage sons, Nate and Skylar accidentally shoot and kill Dick during a deer-hunt, Bloom's long-held allegiance to the reigning Cavanaugh clan is tested. Skylar (still a minor) decides to take the wrap for his older brother Nate, claiming he fired the fa
Early thirty-somethings Daniel Bloom and Will Morrison had been best friends since they were children, with Will's wife, Maggie Claire, added to that friendship. Their combined friendship ended five years ago, when Will "disappeared", none of the two hearing from him until now when Will unexpectedly ends up on the lakeside home doorstep of Arthur and Mary Bloom, Daniel's parents, who also have n
Dublin; June 16, 1904. Stephen Dedalus, who fancies himself as a poet, embarks on a day of wandering about the city during which he finds friendship and a father figure in Leopold Bloom, a middle-aged Jew. Meanwhile, Bloom's day, illuminated by a funeral and an evening of drinking and revelry that stirs paternal feelings toward Stephen, ends with a rapprochement with Molly, his earthy wife.
Brothers - older Stephen and three years junior Bloom - have been con artists since they were kids. Stephen is the mastermind, for who the intricacy of the story used in the con is as important as the positive outcome of the swindle. Bloom is the main character of Stephen's stories, the character he considers the anti-hero. As adults, they travel the world and never enlist the same people twice
A fashionably dressed stranger arrives in Bloom Center. He encounters Chubby Green and without further ceremony Chubby receives a punch on the jaw. The stranger then seeks out other Bloom Centerites, which include the village blacksmith, Johnny West and others, and the same violent proceedings are continued. All the victims seek the aid of Constable Plum. That valiant individual polishes his sta
Artist Lilah Bloom's life is upended when her widowed brother decides to remarry a strong-willed business woman. Humor and self-awareness emerge as she ventures out to start a new life with a charming musician. Lilan Bloom is a loyal sister who has taken over the mothering duties for her widowed brother's three children. An artist, she runs a somewhat eccentric but thoroughly charming househol
Ford is caught in a process of change, as his body begins to wither, he becomes aware of a growth inside of himself from which he will bloom anew.
Before being drafted into war, a young, sensative botanist gives his collection of seeds to his mother. He fights bravely in the war while his mother tends to his plants. Finally he is sent on a suicide mission to destroy a bridge just as his flowers come into bloom.
A fortune-hunter posing as a novelist arrives in a small Finnish town in order to marry himself to a rich merchant's daughter. Meanwhile, several other more genuine romances bloom around the town despite the misunderstandings and mix-ups.
There are many Free and paid sites to watch Bloom online . And some of sites you have to login or signup but there is also some sites where login or signup is not required to watch Bloom for free.
Here's a list of free movies that are related to Bloom.
Here's a Random Selection Of Free Movies


text:
Ok, so here we have yet another update on the Dev Team's blog. This time they tell us everything we want to know about the 2.2 firmware and jailbreaking.
blockquote>So, as anticipated our friends the misfits have recently released the long awaited 2.2 update. We can confirm that this update SHOULD NOT be applied using iTunes if you want the chance of a soft-unlock in the near future. If you want to keep that option of a 'soft-unlock in the near future' available but you want the new features of 2.2, you will be able to update to 2.2 using a PwnageTool created custom ipsw file that disables the baseband update. You will be able to do this using an updated version of PwnageTool that will be released sometime soon.
Notice the "to be released soon" part? Yeah, so did we. For a full list of facts regarding the firmware and jailbreaking please proceed to the Dev Team post. The most important fact to be aware of is if do update to 2.2 right now and are jailbroken you will not only lose the jailbreak but you will not be able to jailbreak 2.2 until they release their new PWNage tool. So, proceed with caution out there.
Of course, when they do release said 2.2 PWNage, you know we'll be all over it.
[Via blog.iphone-dev.org]


text:
Rod Thorn was introduced this morning at a news conference as the new president of the 76ers.
Thorn said he resigned as the president of the New Jersey Nets and met with Ed Snider a week after that. He later met with Peter Luukko and the sides reached an agreement this week.
The Sixers have split the president and general manager jobs for the first time since Pat Croce left the organization. At that point, Billy King held both titles. Ed Stefanski then took both jobs, until today.
Here are some of Thorn's remarks:
"The thing that impressed me about Mr. Snider was the passion he has. He cared. He wanted to win, which is very much like my personality, obviously like Doug's personality and like Eddie's personality. You read and hear a lot of things, but in the meeting I had with Ed, that is the thing that really really stood out to me, that this organization wants to win. I've done a lot of different things over the course of time in professional basketball, over the course of 46 years."
"Having seen many different organizations and having dealt with them through my work in the NBA office, that is the key thing throughout we want to have a passion for win. You have to have good players but have to have good people who for better or worse will be joined at the hip going forward. This is not about my ego, anybody's ego here, this is about a team … We are a team. We are going to work together. If we're successful everyone will get credit for it. That's what we expect to be. We have some good pieces. We're like everybody else, we could always use more."
"Last year, for whatever reason or reasons as the case may be, the team took a step back. We don't want to take any more steps back, we want to take step forward. That's what we're looking for and that's what we anticipate."
"I have tremendous respect for Ed [Stefanski] both on a personal and professional leve. I look forward to working very closely with him as we go forward. He understands me and I think I understand him. I think we make a good team. Hopefully that will take effect and be something that we can all be proud of here."
"We expect and will demand that our players play together, No. 1 but also play hard every night … The fans don't owe you anything, you owe the fans. We will demand from our players and will get that effort on an every night basis. At the end of the day, in my deciding to come here, this was the one opportunity where I thought I could come in and make a difference. I expect us to do well. Every one of us will do anything in our power to make sure we put a product on the floor that you will be proud of and want to come and see and will be happy to be a 76ers fan."
As for Ed Stefanski, who remains in place as the general manager, added: "I think we were a hell of a team in New Jersey and the result showed it. There is no reason we are not going to do the same thing here."
"Rod is a friend, a mentor, extremely knowledgeable. This is going to only help the organization."
"It is tough to do both jobs. Both jobs are very time-consuming and overwhelming."


text:
We're answering the questions we're getting most often, so bear with us while we let everyone no that yes indeed, you can Jailbreak the white iPhone 4 -- it's still an iPhone 4 on current(ish) firmware after all.
Given that iPad 2 still isn't Jailbroken, it's a fair question to ask, so I put it to the test. My white iPhone 4 shipped with iOS 4.3.1 and I had no trouble jailbreaking either that or 4.3.2 once I updated. I don't have CDMA here, so I can't test the Verizon iPhone on 4.2.7, but if you've had luck with that, let us know.
If you need more information or extra help, here are your links:
- Jailbreak basics: Everything you need to know for iPhone, iPod touch, and iPad
- Jailbreak Help and Discussion Forum
- Jailbreak Apps, Hacks, and Themes Forum
- Top 5 must-have Jailbreak apps


text:
darrylyee needed a new logo design and created a contest on 99designs.
A winner was selected from 66 designs submitted by 22 freelance designers.
Need to rebrand myself starting with the logo. I want to offer more, but I am not sure what to expect and don't want to be stuck with something I won't use.
***** Star Ratings:
1 star - wrong direction
2 star - some elements I like
3 star - getting closer but need revisions or a different take on your design
4 star - design is being considered
5 star - made the final cut!
Epic Affair, epicaffair.com
I am looking for a new logo to rebrand my company with. I am one of the top videographers in San Diego and southern California despite my embarassing logo and website that I've had for nearly 6 years. I specialize primarily in weddings, but I also want to appeal to the corporate market. The logo needs to somehow portray creativity, sensitivity, sophistication, professionalism, and enthusiasm. This is my first contest, but I have no problem increasing the prize proportionately if it exceeds my expectations.
- I want a logo that is creative and edgy with a sense of style
- The colors should be darker hues
- The font should be something you would find on a movie poster- an epic movie poster
- My tagline is: "Cinematic, Artistic, Romantic...Epic" but it doesn't have to be used
- The symbol/icon should be able to stand alone or with the company name
- I would like the final logo to be the native Illustrator or PSD file
- I don't want anything cutesy or corny
- I am not a Web 2.0 company
- I probably don't want bright colors. Definitely no pink.
- I don't think I want a camera lens or shutter symbol
- I don't want any film or video clip art
- No photos or images.
- Stay away from the clichés
Find out how a design contest works or learn more about our logo design services.