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A few weekends ago, I embarked to New York for the ALJ Regional Holdings Annual Meeting of Shareholders. While there were fewer than 20 shareholders in the meeting room, there were more than a few proficient hedge fund managers in attendance: Jeremy Deal of JDP Capital Management, Thomas Braziel of BE Capital Management, Steven Kiel of Arquitos Capital Management, and several others. Whopper Investments would have been there if not for scheduling conflicts. Any company with this type of shareholder base deserves to be studied.
Jess Ravich and the company's board of directors, as well as the heads of Carpets n' More- Steve Chesin and Faneuil- Anna Van Buren, were on one side of a large conference table, with shareholders on the other. The business part of the meeting started a few minutes after 10AM and concluded in fewer than 5 minutes. After which, an hour long discussion about the company's state of affairs took place. Something that stuck out to me, even a few weeks later, is how competent the management teams at both Faneuil and Carpet's n' More Seemed. This can not be overstated enough, as they now have free reign to think for the long term health of the organization (which they stated) and are also compensated well when they preform.
The first topic brought up was how ALJ (and more specifically, Ravich) found Faneuil as an acquisition. Houlihan Lokey had shopped the company to ALJ, which, as it turns out, was not the highest bidder for the company- the seller really liked ALJ, and in turn got 9% of the company, plus board representation (Michael Borofsky). As so much of the ALJ's cash is tied up at the moment, they are not actively looking for deals, though, would buy if the company had the right one come along- think in terms of the Carpet's n' More acquisition, which involved a small amount of debt and share issuance at prices that reflect an attractive purchase.
Since the acquisition, Faneuil's growth has outperformed the company's internal expectations, with the company looking to further present contracts, and expand it's tolling operations of state highways, which the present administration supports. They are also looking to move into federal and foreign contracts, as well as more back office support, in addition to the 3 health contracts that the company recently landed.
Moving along, a shareholder asked if the company was able to quantify the amount of money that it could save the various municipal governments that it serves, or could potentially serve. Interestingly, the company is generally not the lowest bidder on most contracts, but is very competitive, especially when considering the amount of customization that they can offer clients. As such, they can generally show clients how much they can save provided the products are alike. It seemed that Van Buren felt Faneuil had an advantage over it's 2 main competitors- Xerox and Maximus, as they are so large that it is hard for them to veer off of a standard platform that they are accustomed to operating with.
The next question was the one that seems to be on everybody's mind: seasonality of the business...
Originally, there would have been some due to the nature of the healthcare business, though, they planned for this and moved into Medicaid support which "flattened revenues." There were many state exchanges that are looking to turn over to the federal government- that said, Washington state's exchange, which the company is involved in, is very successful. The company is looking to do more back office work, with states such as Tennessee. Ravich stated "there is not seasonality like retail... but we don't forecast..."
There was discussion of how there will, over time be a decline in electronic tolling for roadways, and that states generally have better success with doing manual tolling, due to there being problems with tracking down the people that don't pay. As an example of a contract, Florida's Sun Pass was one that had been held since 2005/6. Due to governance changes in Florida, the company bid for all the agencies in Florida, but ultimately lost to Xerox. With ALJ scoring higher, they decided to appeal the loss and will know the verdict in the next 60 days. The contracts end in 2015 and 2016. The company is committed to replacing and growing any revenues that are lost. While the company wouldn't talk about the bids that it is currently in the middle of, they again stated that the company is looking to win federal contracts. As part of this, they plan to partner with small minority businesses to grow. They have also been looking for new revenue streams outside of the US.
When asked as to how they are able to compete with Xerox, the company does niche work, in the sense that they can custom´service, and will often have members of the organization in management meetings to ensure that things run smoothly. Furthermore, while the company is more expensive than Xerox, they aren't so lofty with their pricing that they are out of the ballpark. In my view, this is a neat niche that has barriers in the sense that Xerox is so big, that they can't change what they do very well, as they are a juggernaut in the industry. Smaller competitors will have tough time, as this is a niche market, that Faneuil seems uniquely suited for. Management also discussed that over 85% of their growth came from adding services to existing contracts- which to me indicates that the company is pleasing it's customers.
The only point of (albeit, mild) contention in the meeting was when a shareholder expressed that the company should at some point become SEC filing and listed on a major exchange. Certainly, the benefits are numerous- institutional ownership (especially with the recently increased market cap) as well as liquidity, higher pricing of the security, which would aid in issuing stock for acquisitions, and the like. Ravich addressed this by stating that they do keep this on their mind, and at the time, it doesn't make sense to do. Jess was sure to state that given his ownership stake in the company, that he views the company as he would his own.
In terms of deal flow, the company gets roughly 2 calls a month for potential deals, which is less than before it's recent acquisitions, considering that people know Ravich and team don't have the cash they did. However, the company is continuing to look, as there are still creative ways to acquire (as was highlighted by the debt and stock issuance for the Carpet's acquisition). Ravich said that if they couldn't generate returns in excess of its shareholders, cash would be returned to the owners of the company, however, he didn't see that happening soon, because the company is in a unique situation where it doesn't have to pay taxes due to it's substantial net operating losses. The company is looking for deals in the $5-$70mm dollar purchase range, as they want to use all of their NOLs, sooner rather than later. Through the meeting, Ravich was very specific in saying that ALJ is trying to be opportunistic buyers and sellers of businesses (which makes a world of sense with the NOLS, and the KES purchase and sale). He also noted that while he generally has a distaste for debt, that the company was paying too much interest in this environment for the Carpets transaction. Given that the company does have some debt which it pays double digit interest rates on, Ravich stated that "it should be paid off" and that it was on the agenda for the board meeting that immediately followed the annual meeting. Personally, he has no debt, even though he sold a lot of it when working at Drexel. It seems that if the amount of debt that the company has is reasonable, they are willing to issue it in an reasonable manner. As an example, he stated that presently, the company more or less has debt that is equal to roughly 1x its annualized cash flow, and that the majority of it is cheap- bearing interest of 5% (emphasis mine).
With this, the devil is in the details: as a thought exercise, this makes sense: if the company has net debt of ~$15mm by year end, which when using Whopper Investment's analysis, is roughly what using the last 6 months EBITDA numbers would tell you when modestly adjusting for capex. As Whopper points out, these numbers are likely low, especially when you throw a run rate on last quarter, which during the meeting management implied that you could more or less do.
When ALJ's stake in Bellator was came up for discussion it came out that company views it as sort of a call option. As the number 2 MMA organization in the world, with Viacom now being the majority owner, it's future could be quite bright. Management said that Viacom made UFC into what it is today, and that with Bellator now being on SPIKE! TV, that interesting things could happen.
Steve Chesin was one of the last insiders to speak at the meeting, addressing the subsidiary of ALJ that he manages: Carpets n' More. As a premier provider of carpets, window treatments, and cabinets, the company is in a unique spot, as they serve both commercial, home builders, and homeowners in the Las Vegas area. The housing downturn had taken a toll on their competition and they feel in good position to take advantage of the turning real estate market. One of the unique aspects of the business, is how they market. If a homeowner comes in as a referral from their builder, and buys a lot of one item, they can market based on that (if a new owner doesn't buy rugs, but they bought a lot of hardwood flooring...). The company has exclusive contracts with some homebuilders, which should help them scale out, and is even a preferred vendor for Caesars- recently providing the gambling operator with the tile and stone for a new casino. In the next quarter, this part of the company will still be hard to dissect, but should clear up in the future. They noted that the company was purchased by ALJ for ~1/10th the price that it was valued at, at the peak of the housing bubble- when coupled with the fact that building permits in Las Vegas are up 25-30%, year over year, and there is less competition out there, it seems apparent that ALJ got a heck of a deal on Carpets...
The meeting concluded around 11AM, with Chairman Ravich saying that they look forward to reporting back next year with the progress and as everyone was getting up from the table he said "hopefully, there will good things to come..." then, almost under his breath "which there will be".
I certainly believe that: the previously mentioned discussion and various valuations of the company contend that the company is cheap, even with no growth. I think that there is significant upside, even with the recently bid up share price. ALJ is a company with very manageable debt that can quickly be paid off from cash flow, the company seems to have incredible deal making ability, and a great management team. With the results that I feel are more than reasonable to expect, the company is trading for less than 6x cash flow, which, due to the tax assets and nature of the business, are pretty close to what shareholders will earn for the foreseeable future.
Additionally, the company has a recently acquired business, that seems to be getting better credit conditions, will be profitably expanding, and is guided by a manager that is now incentivized to think for the long term, and as such, could reasonably be (I would say, conservatively) valued at nearly 1/3 the present market cap of ALJ in the next few years. Throw in a call option for Bellator, the potential for growth at Faneuil, and yet another acquisition(s) that would speed up the monetization of the NOLs, giving them more present value, and I think that you have a compelling case for this company still being too cheaply valued by a significant amount.
Disclosure/Disclaimer: I own and represent shares of ALJJ and reserve the right to change that at any time. This is my opinion and not investment advice. Always do a ton of your own research in regard to anything that I say, do, write, or so much as even think about.


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:: Timer1 ::
This library is a collection of routines for configuring the 16 bit hardware timer called Timer1 on the ATmega168/328. There are 3 hardware timers available on the chip, and they can be configured in a variety of ways to achieve different functionality. The development of this library began with the need for a way to quickly and easily set the PWM period or frequency, but has grown to include timer overflow interrupt handling and other features. It could easily be expanded upon or ported to work with the other timers.
License: Creative Commons
Download -> TimerOne Google Code download
To install, simply unzip and put the files in Arduino/hardware/libraries/Timer1/
Actively maintained version of TimerOne on GitHub
:: Timer3 ::
Note that timer1 can be used on a Mega but does not support all three output pins OCR1A, OCR1B & OCR1C. Only A & B are supported. OCR1A is connected to pin 11 of the Mega and OCR1B to pin 12. Using one of the three calls that specify a pin, 1 will map to pin 11 on the Mega and 2 will map to pin 12. Timer3 has only been tested on the Mega.
License: Creative Commons
Download -> TimerThree.zip
To install, simply unzip and put the files in Arduino/hardware/libraries/Timer3/
Documentation - Simplified descriptions of what the most important routines do
You must call this method first to use any of the other methods. You can optionally specify the timer's period here (in microseconds), by default it is set at 1 second. Note that this breaks analogWrite() for digital pins 9 and 10 on Arduino.
Sets the period in microseconds. The minimum period or highest frequency this library supports is 1 microsecond or 1 MHz. The maximum period is 8388480 microseconds or about 8.3 seconds. Note that setting the period will change the attached interrupt and both pwm outputs' frequencies and duty cycles simultaneously.
pwm(pin, duty, period)
Generates a PWM waveform on the specified pin. Output pins for Timer1 are PORTB pins 1 and 2, so you have to choose between these two, anything else is ignored. On Arduino, these are digital pins 9 and 10, so those aliases also work. Output pins for Timer3 are from PORTE and correspond to 2,3 & 5 on the Arduino Mega. The duty cycle is specified as a 10 bit value, so anything between 0 and 1023. Note that you can optionally set the period with this function if you include a value in microseconds as the last parameter when you call it.
attachInterrupt(function, period)
Calls a function at the specified interval in microseconds. Be careful about trying to execute too complicated of an interrupt at too high of a frequency, or the CPU may never enter the main loop and your program will 'lock up'. Note that you can optionally set the period with this function if you include a value in microseconds as the last parameter when you call it.
setPwmDuty(pin, duty)
A fast shortcut for setting the pwm duty for a given pin if you have already set it up by calling pwm() earlier. This avoids the overhead of enabling pwm mode for the pin, setting the data direction register, checking for optional period adjustments etc. that are mandatory when you call pwm().
Disables the attached interrupt.
Turns PWM off for the specified pin so you can use that pin for something else.
Reads the time since last rollover in microseconds.
Method Detail - calling conventions for all public methods
void initialize(long microseconds=1000000);
void start();
void stop();
void restart();
unsigned long read();
void setPeriod(long microseconds);
void pwm(char pin, int duty, long microseconds=-1);
void setPwmDuty(char pin, int duty);
void disablePwm(char pin);
void attachInterrupt(void (*isr)(), long microseconds=-1);
void detachInterrupt();
Example - Sets up PWM output on pin 9 with a 50% duty cycle, and attaches an interrupt that toggles digital pin 10 every half second.

subset: commoncrawl


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Power Over Addiction Workbook
Many inmates and prisoners have found faith and hope for recovery through our Power Over Addiction Workbook. Send a copy today to your friend or loved one who is incarcerated.
MAMa on Facebook
Mothers Against Methamphetamine
has a page on Facebook where you
can see what is going on from day to
day and participate in the discussion.
New Book Released
Peace In Your Home, Dr. Mary Holley
A guide for family members of addicts. Learn how to interact with your addicted family member in a constructive way. Understand how methamphetamine has changed your loved one's personality and what you can do and say that may bring him of her to the point of accepting help for their addiction. . . (read more)


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Even if the Kelly Green team had lost its final regular-season game last Tuesday, no could have caught them in the NCAA Summer League standings, but Coach Ted Hagedorn's ballclub chose to underscore its top-seed status with a 78-32 victory over the Black team.
The only loss blemishing the 9-1 record logged by "Team Ted" was an early-season loss to the Teal team, which had attendance problems during the following weeks and wound up 5-5.
Teal needed a win last Tuesday to come in at the .500 mark, and although Germantown Academy grad Kris Guynn was off on vacation, the team had more than enough firepower to overwhelm Lime Green, an outfit made up entirely of Philadelphia University players. Little more than halfway through the opening period, Teal was already up 29-15, and they rolled onwards to double up the Lime ladies, 92-46.
The Gold team was missing its two Chestnut Hill College players, but the squad had already clinched the second seed for the playoffs. That was a good thing, since they lost a pitched battle against the White team to close out the regular season. Another GA alumna, Jesse Carey, put up seven points overall as her White women broke out of a 57-all tie with a little over three minutes to go, and won 69-62.
Mount St. Joseph Academy alumna Elle Hagedorn (the coach's kid) romped downcourt for a lay-up to score the first points of the night in the Kelly Green – Black bout. The Black team hung in for a while, but by halftime Kelly had climbed onto a 34-20 cushion, and they kept on going. Another former Mountie, Sarah McGorry, scored eight of her 10 points in the second period as the Green machine ground out a 46-point victory.
Chestnut Hill College grad Chant'al Hardy scored four points and Mount alum Mary Jo Horgan had seven for Cardinal Red, but their ballclub lost a close one to Columbia Blue, 67-63. Composed entirely of West Chester University athletes, Columbia was up 38-35 at the intermission and stayed a few points ahead though much of the second half.
The gap was up to half-a-dozen digits late in the game, then a three-pointer by Horgan made it 66-63 with 1:22 remaining. Cardinal couldn't score again, though, and a concluding free throw gave Columbia center Alex Lennon a game-high 15 points. That was the end of the line for Cardinal Red, which was unable to qualify for the playoffs this year.
PLAYOFF UPDATE: Rallying from a 14-7 deficit nine minutes into a quarterfinal playoff game on Thursday, top-seeded Kelly Green defeated number eight Royal Blue, 66-58, as McGorry posted 10 points. Neither Kris Guynn (GA) nor her sister Nikki could make it on Thursday, but their teams (Teal and Purple, respectively) each advanced to the semifinals. Teal (#6) topped Columbia Blue (#3) 68-60 to earn a date with Kelly Green, while Purple (#4) pounded White (#5), 96-62.
Purple will play the second-seeded Gold group, which rosters Chestnut Hill College sophomore Victoria Mazzeo (who played) and junior Lindsay Alexander (who did not). Gold's Ashley Wood (a Kutztown U. junior), whom Mount fans will remember from her days at PIAA rival Spring-Ford High School, scored six of her 19 points in a 7-2 overtime session, helping Gold prevail against number seven Orange, 67-62.


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Lone Star College-CyFair's Speaking of Business Series continues Oct. 26 with Liz Plaster's presentation on Emotional Intelligence (EQ.)
Plaster, a certified behavior and values analyst, believes her "Hair on Fire" Create with Intention, Live with Impact approach leads to greater engagement in life and work resulting in bottom line, personal and organization success.
Find out why EQ is more important than IQ for success in her interactive presentation held from 11:30 a.m. to 1 p.m. in the Conference Center, room 152.
Light refreshments will be served, however space is limited, so reservations should be made via e-mail to firstname.lastname@example.com.
The free Speaking of Business Series is designed to enhance the personal and professional development of future business and community leaders.
Sponsoring this series is LSC-CyFair's Business Department. For information, contact Ruben Howard, department chair, at 281.290.5233.


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The largest of the Heritage series fleet, the 54 Heritage EU provides the perfect solution for a couple or family looking for extended cruising capabilities. The 54EU is built on the same highly-acclaimed, GB-designed hull as the 53 Aleutian RP, with its V-drive propulsion system.
The 54EU's standard three stateroom layout -- with its multi-function utility room -- offers exceptional living and storage space on the lower deck, plus the option to add crew quarters. The main deck features expansive seating in the salon and fully-covered cockpit, a dedicated dinette across from the mid-ship galley, and a spacious helm area complete with both captain and navigation seats.


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does anyone know of a site with photos of charlie aces mobile disco and record stand? i would especially like one with photos from different angles, but at this point any would do.
i saw a cd with a couple of good photos on it but i forgot its title...i believe its from the past few months and is a compilation, maybe from the uk. anyone know what the title might be?
finally, is this vehicle shown in Rockers? i cant recall right offhand...i do think its shown in roots rock reggae. reason i ask about video is i could capture frames from a dvd and print them out i guess...
in case anyones interested, i found a 1/24 scale model that im planning on modifying and handpainting to build a replica of the van...though i would be tempted to put a Lotus motor in it.
many thanks in advance!
one love
jah bill


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Matt27 necesitaba un nuevo diseño de tema de wordpress y lanzó un concurso de diseño en 99designs.
Un ganador ha sido elegido entre 30 diseños de 8 diseñadores freelance.
NCAChurch is a dynamic and growing Anglican Church on Sydney's Lower North Shore. It is has multiple centres of Ministry - Naremburn, Cammeray and Naremburn Asian Australian Church - yet we are one Church, with one staff team, that serves eight congregations. The primary audience for the site are the four general service groups associated with NCA Church:
1. Naremburn contemporary and traditional services
2. Cammeray contemporary services
3. Naremburn Asian Australian Church (NAAC)
4. Sydney Japanese Evangelical Church (SJEC)
• The secondary audience is the local community, in particular North Shore residents impacted by NCA Church's ministries or people moving into the area. We are also in partnership with the Sydney Japanese Evangelical Church to reach Japanese people in our area.
The existing web site (http://www.ncachurch.com) is too static and unsuited to the needs of the church's ministry team and its various communities. Furthermore staff and lay volunteers are unable to easily alter the existing site's content. Goals of new website. The new web site should:
1. Integrate existing content
2. Encourage the increased patronage of church members
3. Employ a contemporary, community oriented design that embraces existing social media
4. Built around Wordpress
The current NCA Church congregations significantly mirror the general community surrounding them. The following is a summary of the latest local census data relating to the suburbs of Naremburn and Cammeray:
• The largest resident age group is 35-49 (23.9%)
• The majority of people living in the area are between 25-59 (52.7%)
• The total number of people who had moved between 2001-2006 is 41.2%
• 39.2% were born overseas / 53.7% were born in Australia
Naremburn-Cammeray Demographic:
• Naremburn-Cammeray has a middle-aged to aging population of settled, highly educated, urban professionals.
• Alongside of this is also a younger, upwardly mobile proportion of the community – 2 out of 5 – who will move inside of five years.
• Half the population was born outside of Australia. The other half is Australian-born but is likely to have a high familiarity with cultures that have moved to this country.
• They are family oriented, with half the households having children, though there are very few multiple family households.
• Though there are strong, traditional links to Christianity, there is statistically significant and increasing proportion identifying as having 'No religion'.
• There is surprisingly little identification with Asian religions despite the significant proportion of immigrants from that region.
* clear clean design and strong typography similar to examples below
clean, interface for congregation members seeking community news and internal tools like rosters (the majority of whom do not regularly use the existing web site), and
* newcomers seeking to find essential information relating to services / special events.
* Home page to include content rotator that rotates through featured content similar to http://www.hopeingod.org and http://www.marshillchurch.org
Header to include NCAC logo - though needs redesigning, so don't base your design upon this logo. For the interim, why not use the logo in a similar fashion to some of our previous print material - see attached example
Footer should include small social media icons similar to the ones in zip file attached.
Websites that we like include:
• Hillsong Church - myhillsong.com (promotion of events / key areas highlighted)
* Desiring God - http://www.desiringgod.org
• St Pauls Castle Hill - http://www.stpaulscastlehill.org.au (clear welcome)
• Church on the Rock - http://www.cotr.tv (easy on the outsider)
• Acts 29 - http://www.acts29network.org (good layout / font use - 'I'm new here' wrap-around tab
• The Crowded House - http://www.thecrowdedhouse.org/ (good clean layout / NB: easy to locate 'I'm new' section)
o Bethlehem Baptist Church - http://www.hopeingod.org/
o Sydneyanglicans.net – http://www.sydneyanglicans.net/ - good content rotator on homepage
* http://theresurgence.com/ - clean layout and strong typography
Require a layered PSD file at completion.


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Biological evolution
Biological evolution is the process through which the characteristics of organisms change over successive generations, by means of genetic variation and natural selection. It is most commonly defined as "changes in gene frequencies in populations."[1] The result of the process may be minimal or substantial; it embraces everything from slight changes within a species, to the successive alterations that lead to the diversification of an organism into countless unique species.
Creation scientists accept the observable quantity of change taking place within living organisms - often called microevolution, but contest the assertion by Darwinists that this process has led to the existence of all life on Earth. Biological evolution should not be confused with the general theory of evolution, which also includes cosmological evolution. In addition, changes such as metamorphosis or embryonic development are not considered evolutionary. Biological evolution transcends the lifetime of a single individual and is best summarized as the changes that are inherited through genetic information from one generation to the next.
A frequent point of confusion is generated because many evolutionists use the term biological evolution to refer to either the process of change, or the theory of common descent of living organisms (see: Equivocation). Note the following definition from Talk.Origins.
|Biological evolution is a change in the genetic characteristics of a population over time. That this happens is a fact. Biological evolution also refers to the common descent of living organisms from shared ancestors.[2]
However since this aspect of theory of evolution is highly theoretical and unsupported by actual observations, it is better addressed on this site as part of the articles on the general theory of evolution or Darwinism. Creationists acknowledge the process of biological evolution, but insist that this assertion of Darwinism is a farce, contradicted by enormous amounts of scientific evidence.
- 1 Views
- 2 Processes
- 3 Examples
- 4 Types
- 5 References
When interpreted through the theist and atheist worldviews, biological evolution has varying explanatory power. Darwinism holds that every characteristic of every organism arose through genetic variation and natural selection. In contrast, creationists believe that biological evolution can explain some characteristics, but that others bear the hallmarks of intelligent design. Creationists and evolutionists also strongly disagree on the origin of biological evolution: that is, how life came to have the ability to reproduce and vary over generations.
- Main Article: Creation
Creation scientists credit major structural characteristics to God's creation, and variation within that structure to the designed process known as biological evolution. The process of biological evolution can only exist within organisms already able to reproduce, and each appears only able to evolve within the bounds of their original framework. For example, biological evolution can lead to a change in the size of a bird's beak or a change in a population's skin tone, add fur, and otherwise allow the organism to adapt and find its niche. It cannot explain major irreducibly complex biological processes like sexual reproduction or blood clotting. Nor can it account for predictions such as the evolution of fish to amphibian, or ape to human.
Creationists believe that life was created and intentionally given the capacity for biological evolution. Thus, the capacity to reproduce and vary is itself credited to God's creative act. God endowed life with the capacity for biological evolution so that life could thrive and spread over the earth: so that it could adapt to changing conditions. Creationists see genetic recombination as strong evidence for this: specifically, the fact that certain areas of the genome (such as those controlling body shape) vary a great deal, while others (such as those controlling the operation of cellular organelles like the mitochondria) vary little if at all, indicates that there is some mechanism guiding the process of variation itself, causing the genome to vary where variation is useful, and remain virtually unchanged where variation will most likely be harmful.
- Main Article: Darwinism
When referring to biological evolution it is important to make a clear distinction between the process that induces change in a population and common descent as purported by Darwinism. Biological evolution itself is an obvious, observable, empirical fact that organisms vary genetically and morphologically through successive generations. On the other hand, Darwinism is the historical speculation that life originated naturalistically without any creative act (abiogenesis), that all life on Earth is related (common descent), and that all the complexity, adaptability, and artistry of life on Earth is due solely to random change and natural selection. Darwinism holds that life's capacity for biological evolution came about by chance and natural selection. The theory of evolution, which includes Darwinian views on biological evolution, also holds that chemicals, moving randomly reached a configuration that allowed them to reproduce, which ultimately led to the first cell.
Microevolution is a quantum of evolution that is supported by observations of living organisms. It describes the varieties that develop within a population, which are due to changes in gene frequency over time. The term microevolution typically refers to the small scale changes in organisms within the same species, which can lead to a subspecies or even new species. Such evolution is consistent with the creationist view and supports the diversification of the Biblical kinds following the flood of Noah.
The term microevolution however, asserts that over time, new genetic material is being manufactured, but only within the family or kind. An example would be Darwin's finches and their variety of beaks. Microevolution presumes a starting-point of an initial beak form while all other forms are a function of new genetic material. However, in a model where the finch's genome is pre-constructed as highly adaptive, the alleles are already present to support the wide variety in beaks. This allows finches to rapidly diversify into many different varieties in a short period of time while continuing to leverage allele frequencies to achieve it. Microevolution, which requires new genetic material, is a far slower mechanism. When discussing the subject, it is important to center on adaptation as the mechanism and that the adaptive capacity is pre-constructed. The genes actively adapt to the passive environment rather than the environment acting to elicit change in otherwise passive genes.
It is important to note that the variation observed in living organisms is limited. This has been exemplified by centuries of domestic breeding history. There are today many varieties of dogs, but they remain dogs. There are many variations of livestock such as horses or cows, but again they are simply varieties of distinct kinds. This diversification does not necessarily or inherently lead one to the concept that all living creatures came from a common ancestor. An atheistic philosophy was responsible for such a conclusion.
Microevolution is distinguished from macroevolution, which is a larger scale change that results in the formation of higher taxonomic groups. It should however, be noted that many creationists caution against using the term or terms when debating.
According to the University of California's Museum of Paleontology:
|"Microevolution is evolution on a small scale — within a single population. That means narrowing our focus to one branch of the tree of life. If you could zoom in on one branch of the tree of life scale — the insects, for example — you would see another phylogeny relating all the different insect lineages. If you continue to zoom in, selecting the branch representing beetles, you would see another phylogeny relating different beetle species. "[3]
Scientific American draws the following distinction:
|Microevolution looks at changes within species over time—changes that may be preludes to speciation, the origin of new species. Macroevolution studies how taxonomic groups above the level of species change. Its evidence draws frequently from the fossil record and DNA comparisons to reconstruct how various organisms may be related.[4]
- Main Article: Macroevolution
Macroevolution is a purely theoretical process thought to produce relatively large (macro) evolutionary change within biological organisms. The term is used in contrast to minor (microevolution) changes, and is most commonly defined as "evolution above the species level". Macroevolution can not be observed directly, but is instead studied through the examination of fossils (paleontology) and the similarities and differences in the anatomy of organisms (comparative morphology).[5].
It is thought to provide the mechanism by which an original taxa (i.e. phylum or class) may change enough to result in newly descendant phyla or classes. The development of new taxonomic groups requires new types of structures (morphology) and functions.[6]
According to the University of California's Museum of Paleontology:
| "Macroevolution is evolution on a grand scale — what we see when we look at the over-arching history of life: stability, change, lineages arising, and extinction."[7]
"Macroevolution generally refers to evolution above the species level. So instead of focusing on an individual beetle species, a macroevolutionary lens might require that we zoom out on the tree of life, to assess the diversity of the entire beetle clade and its position on the tree."[8]
The concept of macroevolution was introduced due to the absence of transitional forms between higher taxa (i.e. phyla, classes), which is in stark contrast to the expectations of Darwinian gradualism. It was therefore proposed as a mechanism responsible for large-scale patterns of evolution, which are distinct from the genetic and small-scale factors that contribute to gradual change within populations. These smaller scale changes are those defined as microevolution.[9]
Biological evolution involves the following as explanatory mechanisms: Genetic variability, Speciation, and Natural selection.
Genetic Variability
- Main Article: Genetic variability
Genetic recombination encompasses a number of mechanisms by which DNA is reshuffled in each generation, so that children are genetically distinct from the parents. It includes both the reorganization of genes that occurs in sexual reproduction, as well as the creation of new alleles. It is the primary source of genetic diversity and variation in gene pools.
The observable facts of genetic recombination are not in dispute between creationists and evolutionists. In fact, the principles of heredity and recombination were first discovered by Gregor Mendel, a creationist, a monk, and a scientist. Subsequent research has determined that recombination takes place even below the level of the gene, so that new alleles can be formed by the reshuffling of genetic material.
Evolutionists and creationists disagree, however, on the nature of this reshuffling. Evolutionists view it as random, accidental mutations. Creationists, on the other hand, believe that organisms were designed with the ability to reshuffle genetic material to introduce genetic diversity to a gene pool.
In support of their view, creationists point to the observable fact that genetic recombination does not occur at random. On the contrary, some sections of the genetic code vary and recombine a great deal, while other sections vary little if at all. Sections that vary a great deal include skin color, height, muscle mass, intelligence, etc. Sections that do not vary much, if at all, include those controlling metabolism, cellular structure, and similar fundamental, structural components. Creationists argue that if variation were random, then we would expect to see variation at an equal rate across the genome. They argue that the fact that recombination occurs in a non-random pattern indicates that there is some mechanism controlling the variation to allow it only in places that are advantageous to the genome, a possibility that supports the creationist hypothesis.[10]
- Main Article: Speciation
Creationists would also agree with evolutionary biologists that the processes of genetic recombination and natural selection can result in the formation of new species. In fact, creationists believe that extremely rapid evolution occurred after the Flood to create the species that we see today from the smaller number of species that were on the ark.
Creationists find themselves at odds with evolutionists in regards to naturalistic abiogenesis and common descent. These aspects of the theory of evolution are simply unsupported by the scientific method, and largely the result of atheistic philosophy. As such, the belief that evolution alone is responsible for all organisms on earth is better classified as evolutionism.
Natural Selection
- Main Article: Natural Selection
Traits are found to exist within a population in a variety of forms, and these differences will afford individuals a greater or lesser chance of success. If the trait is beneficial to the organism, then its genes will be passed to the next generation at a higher frequency, or vice versa if it is harmful. This is said to be the "natural selection" of a trait.
The fact that natural selection happens is not open for dispute. Organisms do adapt to their environment and the role of natural selection in this process is certain. However, evolutionists do not view genetic information nor the cellular mechanisms responsible for genetic diversity as being the result of intelligent design. Neodarwinism assumes that random mutations are responsible for this information or the variability from which nature selects.
There are many examples of adaptive change in living populations that has been used in support of the general theory of evolution or common descent, but none that have demonstrated evolution from one kind of organism to another. In addition, many examples have shown that such adaptation can occur very rapidly and often involves the loss of genetic information.
For example, the beak evolution of Galapagos Finches ("Darwin's Finches") helped Darwin postulate his theory of evolution through natural selection. However, recent research has determined that climate change can stimulate remarkable adaptive change incredibly fast - in just decades - a process which turns out to be surprisingly complex as noted by the following article in the journal Science.[11]
|Evolution has proven predictable in the short term but unpredictable over the course of decades, they report. Climate change has been a powerful influence guiding the evolution of the finches--and its effects turn out to be surprisingly complex. Darwin's Avian Muses Continue to Evolve Science April 26 2002: 633
Although the variations in beak size that Darwin witness demonstrates microevolution, it does not offer the support needed for macroevolution or common descent to be true. Furthermore, the changes observed in finches occur over short spans of time that is more supportive of creationist predictions of rapid diversification since the flood, rather than evolution through mutations over millions of years.
|The problem is that Darwin ... taught that this adaptation could explain the general theory of evolution (GTE). But the finch beak variation is merely the result of selection of existing genetic information, while the GTE requires new information.[12]
Jonathan Sarfati offers other examples in his book Refuting Evolution 2
| There are other related examples, e.g., one way that the Staphylococcus bacteria becomes resistant to penicillin is via a mutation that disables a control gene for production of penicillinase, an enzyme that destroys penicillin. When it has this mutation, the bacterium over-produces this enzyme, which means it is resistant to huge amounts of penicillin. But in the wild, this mutant bacterium is less fit, because it squanders resources by producing unnecessary penicillinase.
Another example is a cattle breed called the Belgian Blue. This is very valuable to beef farmers because it has 20–30% more muscle than average cattle, and its meat is lower in fat and very tender. Normally, muscle growth is regulated by a number of proteins, such as myostatin. However, Belgian Blues have a mutation that deactivates the myostatin gene, so the muscles grow uncontrolled and become very large. This mutation has a cost, in reduced fertility. A different mutation of the same gene is also responsible for the very muscular Piedmontese cattle. Genetic engineers have bred muscular mice by the same principle. [12]
Rapid evolutionary rates
If the world is as old as is commonly claimed, we should see animals today evolving at a rate consistent with this, over thousands and millions of years. That is why it is shocking for the scientific community that the accumulating evidence shows instead that Microevolution occurs over decades, rather than thousands and millions of years. David Skelly of Yale University has observed that the evolutionary rates are far faster than those presumed by evolutionary theory:
|Ecology is being transformed by the recognition that ecological and evolutionary timescales are not easily differentiated. A 1999 review of evolutionary rates by Andrew Hendry and Mike Kinnison (The pace of modern life: measuring rates of contemporary microevolution. Evolution 53:1637-1653) provided the striking conclusion that rates of contemporary evolution are much faster than generally appreciated... Our work reveals that a number of traits including critical thermal maximum, embryonic development rate, and thermal preference behavior all show variation consistent with local adaptation that occurs on the scale of decades and tens of meters. These findings offer a startlingly different picture of interactions between organisms and their environment prompting us to rethink, in larger sense, how we should conceive of ecological assemblages.[13]
Australia's 'Toxic Toad'
In one of the most widely publicized cases of unexpected rapid Microevolution, Australian Cane Toads defied predictions based on evolutionary theory by experts about how they would react after being introduced to Australia. Within decades they evolved longer legs and heat tolerance, running amok and causing havoc for the wildlife; and instituting a national catastrophe for the continent.
|The evolutionary processes spawned by the cane toad invasion have occurred in a span of just 70 years. This adds to evidence from the past two decades that populations can adapt quickly when selection pressure is strong. 'We're taught evolution occurs over these very, very long time frames. But in systems like these, it's incredibly fast,' Shine, the study co-author, said.[14]
|'All of a sudden in the last 10 years it changes,' said Skelly. 'They're moving into areas where the physical environment is not like anything in their native range.' That implies that the cane toads have evolved more tolerance for the hotter climates they are now encountering. This is on top of the discovery last year that the toads at the forefront of the invasion had evolved longer legs than those in the interior of their range. The ability of animals to evolve so quickly needs to be factored into invasions, or the dangers of invasive species will likely be underestimated, argue Skelly and his colleagues Mark Urban, Ben Phillips and Richard Shine in an article in the March 28 issue of the Proceedings of the Royal Society-B.[15]
Human Evolution
According to the assumptions of evolutionary theory, if evolution always went at the rate that we see today, there should be 160 times more differences between humans and apes. So rather than assume 'the present is the key to the past', scientists then decided that evolutionary rates today have accelerated for some reason.
|If humans had always evolved at this rate, the difference between modern humans and chimps should be 160 times greater than it really is. 'We realized we must be in a transient [phase], that evolution hasn't been going this fast for long in our species,' Harpending said. 'And so we wondered why.'[16]
|'I was raised with the belief that modern humans showed up 40,000 to 50,000 years ago and haven't changed,' explained Henry C. Harpending, an anthropologist at the University of Utah. 'The opposite seems to be true.'... If evolution had been proceeding steadily at the current rate since humans and chimps separated 6 million years ago there should be 160 times more differences than the researchers found. That indicates that human evolution had been slower in the distant past, Harpending explained.[17]
Italian Wall Lizards
In 1971, scientists introduced 5 pairs of Italian Wall Lizards to a small island off the coast of Croatia. However, the Croatian War of Independence prevented the scientists from returning to the island for more than 30 years. When the war ended, tourism finally began again in 2004, allowing them to return. The researchers were unsure if the lizards would still be alive. Instead, they found the island swarming with lizards, which genetic testing showed to be descendants of their original 5. The new lizards had wiped out native lizard populations by evolving cecal valves, muscles between the large and small intestines, with which to digest native vegetation, an expanded gut structure, as well as a harder bite.
|Italian wall lizards introduced to a tiny island off the coast of Croatia are evolving in ways that would normally take millions of years to play out, new research shows. In just a few decades the 5-inch-long (13-centimeter-long) lizards have developed a completely new gut structure, larger heads, and a harder bite, researchers say... Such physical transformation in just 30 lizard generations takes evolution to a whole new level, Irschick said. It would be akin to humans evolving and growing a new appendix in several hundred years, he said. 'That's unparalleled. What's most important is how fast this is,' he said.[18]
Plant Evolution
Contrary to theoretical predictions based on evolutionary theory, genomes for the Angiosperm Silene (a flowering plant) evolved far more rapidly than was expected, as reported in the January 2012 issue of PLoS Biology. Researchers are now trying to find an explanation for why such rapid Microevolution is occurring, and a new model that will avoid such surprises in the future.
|Contrary to theoretical predictions, these genomes have experienced a massive proliferation of noncoding content... The evolution of mutation rate, genome size, and chromosome structure can therefore be extremely rapid and interrelated in ways not predicted by current evolutionary theories... We discuss the implications of the unprecedented mitochondrial genome diversity found within Silene and possible alternative explanations for the rapid genome evolution in this genus.[19]
Rodent Evolution
A 2009 study observed that rodents evolve at "unprecedented rates" given climate change and population growth, and that rapid evolutionary change in rodents has been occurring for over a century. The article also notes research on rapid Microevolution has previously been "infrequently documented", but that despite this, more and more evidence is cropping up for it.
|Our results indicate that over the last 100+ years, rapid morphological change in rodents has occurred quite frequently, and that these changes have taken place on the mainland as well as on islands. Our results also suggest that these changes may be driven, at least in part, by human population growth and climate change.[20]
- Convergent evolution is the independent appearance of the same trait in different lineages. Evolutionists assert that such traits are due to homologous DNA sequences that have arisen independently in unrelated organisms by random mutations and similar selective pressures. In contrasts, creationists and intelligent design theorists attribute such homology to the creator's repeated use of the same design features in different organisms.[21][22] According to Paul Nelson and Jonathan Wells:
|An intelligent cause may reuse or redeploy the same module in different systems, without there necessarily being any material or physical connection between those systems. Even more simply, intelligent causes can generate identical patterns independently. [23]
- Co-evolution - Unique species that are ancestrally unrelated yet share an intimate history due to, for example, symbiosis. For example, the co-evolution of flowering plants and pollinators such as bees.
- Adaptive radiation - Extreme adaptations by species that arises due to the need to fill empty ecological niches. This type of evolution is usually found within ecosystems developed on isolated islands.[24]
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- ↑ Minkoff, Eli C. Evolutionary Biology, Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, 1983. p575.
- ↑ Frequently asked questions and their answers. Talk.Origins, n.d. Accessed September 12, 2008.
- ↑ "Defining Microevolution." Understanding Evolution. University of California Museum of Paleontology. 15 April 2012 <http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/article/evo_37>.
- ↑ 15 Answers to Creationist Nonsense Scientific American, June 18, 2002.
- ↑ Minkoff, p264.
- ↑ Evolution is Partly True by R. Totten
- ↑ "Macroevolution." Understanding Evolution. University of California Museum of Paleontology. 15 April 2012 <http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/article/evo_47>.
- ↑ "What is macroevolution?" Understanding Evolution. University of California Museum of Paleontology. 15 April 2012 <http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/article/evo_48>.
- ↑ macroevolution, from Wiktionary
- ↑ Genetic Variability by Design by Chris Ashcraft. Journal of Creation 18(2) 2004.
- ↑ Evolution on Fast Forward: Finches Adapt to Climates National Geographic Today, January 10, 2002.
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 Sarfati, Jonathan. Refuting Evolution 2 Chapter 4 - Argument: Natural selection leads to speciation. Greenforest AR: Master Books, 2002. (p76)
- ↑ Skelly, David K. "Rapid Evolution." Yale University. School of Forestry & Environmental Studies.
- ↑ Roach, John (2006, February 15). "Toxic Toads Evolve Longer Legs, Study Says." National Geographic.
- ↑ O'Hanlon, Larry (2007, April 2). "Toxic Toads Evolving Quickly." Discovery News.
- ↑ Roach, John (2007, December 11). "Human Evolution Speeding Up." National Geographic.
- ↑ Schmid, Randolph E. (2007, December 10). "Researchers: Human Evolution Speeding Up." The Washington Post.
- ↑ Johnson, Kimberly (2008, April 21). "Lizards Rapidly Evolve After Introduction to Island." National Geographic.
- ↑ Sloan, D.B., Alverson, A.J., Chuckalovcak, J.P., et. al. (2012, January). "Rapid Evolution of Enormous, Multichromosomal Genomes in Flowering Plant Mitochondria with Exceptionally High Mutation Rates." In PLoS Biology. Public Library of Science.
- ↑ Pergams ORW, Lawler JJ (2009, April 21). "Recent and Widespread Rapid Morphological Change in Rodents." PLoS ONE 4(7): e6452. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0006452.
- ↑ Convergent Genetic Evolution: "Surprising" Under Unguided Evolution, Expected Under Intelligent Design Posted by Casey Luskin on September 1, 2010
- ↑ Implications of Genetic Convergent Evolution for Common Descent Posted by Casey Luskin on September 3, 2010
- ↑ Nelson, P., Wells, J. "Homology in Biology," in Darwinism, Design, and Public Education, pg. 316
- ↑ Introduction: Evolution By John Pickrell. September 2006


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Serving the Tri-City Area (Rio Vista, Isleton and Bird's Landing) Offering the latest techniques and using a variety of enhancement aids.
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This product feature was published in conjunction with the Virtual Pack Project from Outdoor Retailer Winter Market 2008. Click here for more information about the ORWM 2008 Virtual Pack Project.
There were probably fifty vendors displaying sunglasses this year at the show. My final choice was the Lo-Pro from Numa Sport Optics. Their wrap-around style provides excellent UV protection from snow-reflected sun, and their slightly curved temples with a grippy rubber surface allow them to be stowed on the brim of Bob's cap when not used and still hug his head well enough to stay on should he become startled by wildlife.
But what really sets the Lo-Pro sun-glasses apart from all the other brands I saw was their extremely flexible frame material. The material makes them virtually unbreakable – an especially important consideration in Bob's case. You can see in the second picture just what you can do with one of the Numa frames – a different one from the first frame. Plus, should Bob still manage to destroy them somehow, Numa provides a low-cost, lifetime replacement guarantee.
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JAKARTA, Indonesia (AP) – Indonesian police said Friday that they would increase security checks on burqa-clad visitors at prisons in the capital after a convicted terrorist apparently escaped under the Islamic veil.
Roki Aprisdianto, 29, sentenced to six years behind bars in 2011, managed to escape undetected Tuesday from the Jakarta Police detention center _ home to 70 terrorist inmates _ when 23 burqa-clad women came to visit their husbands.
The convicted militant allegedly put on a burqa smuggled in by a visitor, said Jakarta police spokesman Col. Rikwanto. Another inmate told police he saw Aprisdianto wearing a burqa, but no one was recorded visiting him.
Police will staff additional female guards at prisons in Jakarta to conduct security checks in a closed room for women wearing burqas, said Rikwanto, who like many Indonesians uses one name. He said women previously were never asked to lift their veils.
"From now on, all burqa-clad visitors who enter and leave the prison will be checked thoroughly," Rikwanto said. "We don't want to neglect this again."
Police are still searching for Aprisdianto, who led a small terrorist cell and was arrested in 2010 for masterminding a series of bombings that targeted churches and police stations in Central Java province. There were no reports of injuries in the attacks.
Indonesia has been battling terrorists since the 2002 bombings on the resort island of Bali that killed 202 people, mostly foreign tourists.
Most of Indonesia's 210 million Muslims practice a moderate style of Islam that condemns violence, and the government has worked to root out militants, arresting more than 700 of them since the Bali bombings and killing dozens more. Terrorist attacks aimed at foreigners have been largely replaced in recent years by smaller, less deadly strikes targeting mainly police and anti-terrorism forces.
(Copyright 2012 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.)


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In addition to a zine fest, Houston also has an Indy Book Fair, an Anarchist Book Fair, a large comic convention, an infoshop, vegan restaurants, unique museums and galleries, and independent bookstores. Whether you are visiting for Zine Fest and looking for stuff to do or you have lived here all your life, there is always something new to discover. Below are a few of our recommendations. We will be adding more to the list, but in the meantime, feel free to add your own suggestions in the comments.
Houston Indy Book Festival April 2
Houston Anarchist Book Fair and Film Festival April 22-24
Marcus Garvey Liberation Garden
Sunshine's Health Food Store and Vegetarian Deli


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Beat Terriers 7-0 Last Season
NEW HAVEN, Conn. – The Yale women's tennis team reached a new high in the ITA rankings on Tuesday, but the Bulldogs will have little time to celebrate. Now ranked No. 18 in the country, they head to Boston Thursday afternoon for a match at BU.
Yale (8-2, 0-0 Ivy League) has been climbing the charts since Jan. 24, when the Bulldogs were ranked No. 35. They were temporarily No. 18 last week before a technical error in the rankings was discovered and they were moved down to No. 19. After a 7-0 win over Stony Brook at Cullman-Heyman Tennis Center this past Sunday, they moved up to No. 18 in this week's rankings. Yale is the highest-ranked Ivy League team, 11 spots ahead of No. 29 Brown. No. 49 Princeton is the only other Ivy in the top 75.
Prior to this season, Yale's highest ranking in the ITA poll had been No. 23. The 1978 Yale team was No. 18 in the Women's Large-College Tennis Coaches' Poll.
The Bulldogs have been rolling in doubles, with 10 straight doubles point wins to start the season. That includes 3-0 sweeps of six teams, including two teams currently ranked in the top 40 (No. 34 Arkansas and No. 40 Oklahoma). Four Yale doubles teams were in the most recent ITA rankings, led by the team of senior Vicky Brook and freshman Hanna Yu at No. 22. They have won six of their last eight matches. The team of junior Elizabeth Epstein and sophomore Annie Sullivan is right behind Brook and Yu, checking in at No. 24. Epstein and Sullivan are a perfect 10-0 this year. So are senior captain Steph Kent and sophomore Blair Seideman, who are ranked No. 38.
Epstein leads the way for Yale in singles with an 8-2 mark at the No. 1 spot. Yu has moved up to No. 2 for the last two matches and gone 2-0, following a 5-1 run at No. 3. Seideman has produced a pair of straight-set wins at No. 3 in the last two matches.
Kent got a comeback win at No. 4 against Stony Brook to improve to 9-1. Brook made her first singles appearance since Jan. 29 in that same match, and she delivered a 6-0, 6-4 win at No. 5. Sullivan added a win at No. 6, her sixth win in her last eight matches.
Yale beat BU 7-0 last season, taking the doubles point 2-1 and winning all but one singles match in straight sets. The Terriers started this season 4-0, but have since dropped three straight matches -- including losses to two of Yale's Ivy League rivals, Brown and Harvard. The Terriers lost the doubles point in all three matches, including a 3-0 doubles sweep at the hands of Harvard. Leonie-Charlotte Athanasiadis led the team up with a pair of wins in singles (at No. 3 against Harvard and No. 2 against Brown) during that stretch. She last played a Bulldog in the Big Green Invite this past November, when she fell to Kent 6-1, 6-3 in the final. Kent also beat her in straight sets in last season's matchup between Yale and BU.
After the BU match Yale heads to Florida, where the Bulldogs have three matches -- including two against ranked opponents, at No. 12 Miami and vs. No. 25 Mississippi.
Yale in the 2012 ITA Rankings
(2010-11 final rank: 31)
Jan. 3: 30
Jan. 24: 35
Feb. 2: 25
Feb. 16: 25
Feb. 22: 25
Feb. 28: 19
Mar. 6: 18
Report by Sam Rubin '95 (firstname.lastname@example.com), Yale Sports Publicity


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This is a sponsored article on behalf of the Victoria and Albert Museum.
1980s Fashion Makes A Comeback At The V&A
Close your eyes for a moment and imagine London during the 1980s — what do you see? Bold prints, big hair and even bigger shoulder pads might spring to mind, but the scope and influence of this fashion-defining decade, which was heavily shaped by London life, reached far beyond the statement looks for which it is now famed.
This is the basis of the V&A's Club to Catwalk: London Fashion in the 1980s exhibition, which comes to a close in February. Not only does it celebrate the varied styles that emerged in all their leathery, oversized, print-laden, technicolour glory, but it also uncovers the stories behind them.
Visitors can explore two distinct areas.
The Catwalk
The ground floor gallery focuses on the young fashion designers, many of whom developed into the big names that still dominate the catwalk today, who brought London fashions to the world stage. There's a huge variety on offer, but highlights are menswear by Jasper Conran and Paul Smith, textile designs by Betty Jackson, dresses by Vivienne Westwood and a whole lot of colour courtesy of John Galliano.
Also on display is a selection of Blitz denim jackets, individually customised by 22 London-based designers in 1986 thanks to a Blitz magazine commission. Once a blank Levi Strauss & Co canvas, the jackets were transformed and now provide a unique snapshot into the variety and creativity of London designers at the time.
The Club
Upstairs on the mezzanine level, visitors will find the Club section of the exhibition (complete with a club-like area streaming music and film footage of 80s clubs). In the 80s, fashion designer Stevie Stewart of Body Map noted that "each group of people … fashion designers, musicians or dancers, filmmakers or whatever … had a passion then for creating something new". The results of this pull towards the novel and unique are on display here, ranging from the exaggerated, exotic styles favoured by the Blitz crowd, through the distressed styles of Hard Times, to the eclectic mixing of Taboo.
Each 'tribe' is displayed, explained and celebrated. It's a treat on a visual level, but also a real pleasure to see how these two areas overlapped, influenced one another, and now form part of a social commentary on London in the 1980s.
Club to Catwalk: London Fashion in the 1980s is at the V&A until 16 February 2014. Tickets cost £5 and can be booked online at www.vam.ac.uk or via the box office on 020 7420 9736.
Last Updated 20 January 2014


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Silly buggers.
What with the steep climb of the Euro against the Dollar, I bet MS are wishing they had paid the fine the first time around...
Microsoft is appealing a record European Commission fine for not complying with a milestone European Commission anti-trust ruling. Four months after the Commission ordered Microsoft to pay $1.39bn (899m euro) for not meeting the terms of its original 2004 ruling, Microsoft said Friday it's going to court to seek "clarity". …
If their lawyers believe there are grounds for an appeal and there is a legal mechanism for them to pursue it, then Microsoft are just as entitled to their day in court as anyone else.
However, like anyone else appealing against a guilty verdict, they should be made to serve their sentence IMMEDIATELY and if their appeal eventually succeeds, then they can claim compensation.
The EU should be seizing MS assets to the value of the fine, or banning them from trading within the EU borders until they comply. That might make them think twice about stringing the process out and might even make them reform their anti-competitive ways.
".. calculate how much this would be using the European Base rate?"
well if the fine is roughly 4 years old (2004 original non-compliance date according to the article) then using the CURRENT base rate in EuroLand of 4% (I've no idea what it's 4-yr history is) the fine would go from 899m to about 1050m.
In other words, the kind of sum Steve Ballmer would probably find down the back of a sofa on one of his yachts.
... Microsoft should be afforded every legal opportunity to appeal the decision and to exercise their constitutional rights in seeking justice over his matter.
Of course, accordingly, all purchases of their products and services by public authorities should be unilaterally suspended, free from contractual liability, until such time as those issues are fully and finally determined... :-)
Given their behavious since then (the ISO affair is a good example) the fine was basically *WAY* too low. I'd double it for non-compliance. And again on the next stunt - let them suffer the power of two proper. They can either learn or shut shop in Europe.
Was so glad to discover that here we DO have principles. Microsoft's failure to realise it sooner, used to US way of thinking, cost them a pretty good amount.
Far from everything being rosy in EU, with dark examples abound, having the central Authorities demonstrate such a solid front against prominent capitalist companies gives me a feeling of hope for the future.
One wonders given the high cost of the legal shyster consultant teams ex US and Europa as well for the last four years that would have set them back somewhere between fifty and one hundred million pesetas as well so one would think that M$ is milking the whole exercise to extract the maximum tax corporate offsets possible both in the Euro and US arms for as long as possible hence the excessive feet dragging to avoid settlement for as long as possible !
Microsoft should slap their own hand and impose a sales stoppage of all Microsoft products to Europe for 2 years.
Imagine what kind of hell this would have on the EC markets and business futures.
There is a way for courts to fine companies for something which is debateable; and then there are ways for a court to be as stupid as a 9 year old school drop out and fine rediculous amounts in order to make no real point at all.
They might just get a clue about the difference between a monopoly and the only real product available based on what the consumer needs.
If a company wants us to buy their product, then make it better than what comes out in an operating system. People will buy it. Most people I know don't use Internet Explorer for their browser because it sucks, and doesn't have any good "add-ons". They use a product which is far better.
Quit whining, and produce something better.


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- 1 Set/Sets
- US $2,000 - 80,000/ Set
- paypal,UnionPay, Visa/MasterCard, Amex, Discover,T/T
- 30 Set/Sets per Month
Product Details
|all the edible oil
|Cold & Hot Pressing Machine
|Automatic Grade:
|Production Capacity:
|Place of Origin:
|Shandong, China (Mainland)
|Brand Name:
|Model Number:
|380v or 220v
|up to specification
|up to specification
|up to specification
|After-sales Service Provided:
|Engineers available to service machinery overseas
|Easy to Operate
|Raw material:
|Rice Bran
|Edible Oil Refining Machine
|According to customer requirements
|Crude Cooking Oil
|Oil Production Line
|Cooking oil refinery equipment
|12 Months
|Top Level
|Simple Operation
Product Description
High Efficient Edible Oil Refining Machine/ Cooking Oil Refinery Equipment for Sale
Introduction of High Efficient Edible Oil Refining Machine/ Cooking Oil Refinery Equipment for Salelow-temperature-press (LP), high-temperature-press.
external processing, using teaseed as raw materials.
one can run Shandong Microwave Machinery Co.,Ltd.factory with shandong microwave machinery co.,ltd. refining equipment.
one can sell High Efficient Edible Oil Refining Machine/ Cooking Oil Refinery Equipment for Sale while pressing at the market.
Functions of High Efficient Edible Oil Refining Machine/ Cooking Oil Refinery Equipment for Sale
(1) High Efficient Edible Oil Refining Machine/ Cooking Oil Refinery Equipment for SaleRefining section: used to P-acid de-gumming, alkali refining de-acid and water rinsing.
(2) Teaseeds oil machineryDecoloring section: used to remove off pigments, bleaching oils and grease dehydrate.
(3) Teaseeds oil machineryDeodorizing section: to remove off the odor components in oil.
(4) Teaseeds oil machineryDewax: used to remove off the wax in the oil, in order to get the high quality oil.
(5) High Efficient Edible Oil Refining Machine/ Cooking Oil Refinery Equipment for SaleHeattransfer oil stove: supply each device production needing heat energy, temperature reach above 280°C.
(6) Teaseeds oil machinerySteam generator: produce the needing steam for de-odoring and distillation.
(7) High Efficient Edible Oil Refining Machine/ Cooking Oil Refinery Equipment for SaleVacuum pump: supply needing vacuum for dehydrate, de-color, de-odor. Vacuum degree can reach above 755mm Hg.
(8) Teaseeds oil machineryPress filter: filter clay, filter out clear oil.
(9) High Efficient Edible Oil Refining Machine/ Cooking Oil Refinery Equipment for SaleAir compressor: blow dry bleached clay, blow empty the leftover oil in the press filter.
Edible Oil Refining Machine
Henan LD Food & Oil Machinery Engineering Co., Ltd. (HHFOME for short) is TOP 10 oil machine manufacturer,also the first and the biggest rice bran oil machine manufacturer in China.We are a large scale oil machinery manufacturer integrating research, development, design,manufacture and installation. Established in 1988, our company has 210 senior engineering techniciansamong 580 staff members, with investment amount of USD60,000.000, covering 100,000.00m2of factory area, 8 production workshops, 2 machining workshops,12 installation departments.Wehave 202 sets of automatic processing equipments, our processing capacity is more than 3000 sets every year.
We obtained patent of small scale of high-grade cooking oil machine unit in 2000, the patent No. is ZL99252888.7.Besides,our researched,developed and produced small scale of high-grade cooking oil machine unit, won gold award on China ELDibition of Patents.
The oil refining machine is for intermittent refining,it has all functions as large and middle scale of refining machine.
Equipment profile:
It has its heat source, electrical control,with features of light weight and electricity saving. Only turning on power and connecting water, prepare little coal or firewood, caustic soda, phosphoric acid,bleaching clay and other materials, the equipment can be operated. Without special workshop and special base, no matter it's outdoor or indoor, it can be operated easily.
Craft flow sheet:
H3PO4 Caustic soda Hot water Bleaching clay
Crude oil ------------- Alkali refining deacidification ------------ Water washing ----------Decolorization
Filtration Vacuum
----------------Deodorization-------------- Finished oil
Introduction of main equipment:
Neutralization pot: For acid refining, alkali refining and water washing.
Decolorization pot: Bleach oil and remove pigment from oil.
Deodorization pot: Remove odor from oil(Made of stainless steel).
Heat conduction oil furnace: Provide heat energy for production,the temperature can reach 280°C.
Vacuum pump: Provide vacuum degree for decolorization and deodorization,up to above 755mgHg.
Air compressor: Dry decolorization bleaching clay.
Filter press: Filter bleaching clay.
Steam generator: Provide steam for deodorization & distillation
Equipment features:
Simple operation, saving investment, suitable for oil whose processing capacity is below 10T/D,such as soybean oil,cottonseed oil, rapeseed oil,sunflower oil and peanut oil, etc.
Specification: 2T/D---10T/D
Our Company
Henan LD Cereals And Oils Machinery Co.,Ltd. was founded in 1950,whcih is a large-scale oil machinery manufacturing enterprise integrating R & D, design, manufacture and installation as one of the major grain and oil machinery manufacturing enterprises in China.Our company headquartered located in Huaxiang County Industries,Henan Province,China,covering 100,000.00 square meters.
Henan LD is committed to develop into a modern international oil machinery goal.Our company was named the outstanding member of the Chinese Cereals and Oils Association, the provincial contract and trustworthy enterprises, the provincial enterprise technology center.LD machinery has the rights of import and export, passed ISO9001: 2008 quality system certification.Now,the company is adhering to the scientific management of modern enterprises, precision manufacturing, innovation, and the rapid rise of a domestic grain and oil machinery manufacturing leader deserved.
LD machinery has developed projects including large scale oilseed pretreatment and pressing, oil extraction, oil refining and oil fractionation production line project,conveyor equipment project,corn/maize flour, grits, germ milling machines and corn processing lines,biodiesel technology,cottonseed, rice bran and soybean protein technology, and Palm Oil processing lines,etc. Henan LD Cereals And Oils Machinery Co.,Ltd is committed to R&D of new efficient oil machines, manufacturing customer oriented oil machines, and leading the development direction of the world's most advanced grain processing machines and oil processing machines. We are reply on technology and innovation, constantly developing new type oil machines and equipment in order to achieve worlds advanced level. Henan LD oil processing equipment sold in more than 30 provinces and cities in China and exported to the United States, Sweden, Japan, Korea, Bolivia, Sudan, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, Russia, Malaysia, Indonesia, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Vietnam, Thailand, Rwanda, Nigeria, more than 130 countries and regions.Henan LD Cereals And Oils Machinery Co.,Ltd constants on the goal of Chinese leading food and oil machinery engineer, leading on advancement of oil industry. We are ready to meet all challenge and opportunities with full confidence and energy.LD machineryhas developed into a large-scale oil machinery manufacturing base in China.
Quality and Service Commitment
Our company always put the interests of customers and product quality to the first place, and always adhere to the"no best, only better" as our purpose. We will be commitment to provide high quality products with perfect site services and after-sale service. Now the specific commitments are as follows:
1.Ensure to timely provide complete sets of equipment and accessories.
2.Ensure that one-time installation debugging acceptance.
3.To provide high quality material with preferential price.
4.Priority to provide customer our new craftworks and products.
5.Free training technological operator to ensure the trained staff can operation independently.
6.In the installation process,we will appoint a installation supervision staff on the spot.
7.we will offer an experienced project manager, organize a good installation team for the work of field installation debugging.
8.After the equipment field assembly and installation, we will be also responsible for the single equipment debugging, online debugging and Feeding trial operation,to ensure that equipments can normal operate in full load conditions. We will provide all kinds of information and records according to the requirements of the bid. The qualified completion files will be provided to customers according to their requirements
within one month after acceptance.
9.In the warranty period, all because of the quality of products has caused the damage or failure of equipment, suppliers will take the responsibility for the free repair and replacing spare part.
Due to the damage caused by the customer,we only charge material costs for repair and replacement.
After the receipt of customers notice,we will suggests the method to solve problem within six hours,or send specialist to the site to solve the problem within twenty four hours.
Contact Us
Shandong Microwave Machinery Co.,Ltd.is a Teaseeds oil machinery factory specializing in the production of High Efficient Edible Oil Refining Machine/ Cooking Oil Refinery Equipment for Sale, scientific research,manufacturing,installation, commissioning.Shandong Microwave Machinery Co.,Ltd.can provide Teaseeds oil machinerycustomers with design and services of 1-2000 tons High Efficient Edible Oil Refining Machine/ Cooking Oil Refinery Equipment for Sale. Shandong Microwave Machinery Co.,Ltd. have finished hundreds of successful projects Teaseeds oil machineryover the years: peanut oil, soybean oil, rapeseed oil, cottonseed oil, sunflower oil, sesame oil, animal oil,grape seed oil, acer truncatum oil, peony seed oil, walnut oil, hemp seed oil, pine oil, tea seed oil, papaya oil, milk thistle seed, and other special type Teaseeds oil machineryoil. Shandong Microwave Machinery Co.,Ltd. have independent import and export department. Shandong Microwave Machinery Co.,Ltd. Teaseeds oil machineryequipment has been successfully exported to more than ten countries: Russia, Australia, India, Afghanistan, Cameroon,and so on.
Contact us:
Carrie-Sales manager
shandong microwave machinery co.,ltd.
Web: www.epier.com
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Moblie:0086-15020017267(also WhatsApp)
Contact Us
- Shandong Microwave Machinery Co.,Ltd.
- AddressNo. 225, Huangqiao Village, Beiyuan, Tianqiao District, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Phone(Working Time)+86 0531 85064681
- Fax+ 86 0531 85064682
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- sachet de thé d'emballage machine
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- machine d'extrudeuse de bouffée de maïs
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- Chieh s / contraction Nik Nak Process Line
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text: That's How We Build a House DVD goes on an incredible adventure in house construction! You'll see an actual house being built from the ground up. Watch as the surveyors, architects, carpenters, electricians, plumbers, bricklayers and other trades, do what they do best. Discover the answers and have fun watching those big machines (and some little ones, too!) This is a fun, educational experience for the whole family. If you ever wanted to know how a house is built, you'll love watching from foundation to rooftops, inside and out. Boys and girls young and old will enjoy this video and say, "that's how they build a house!" Run time of 28 minutes.


text:
Leading the Way Since 1892
Hamilton, OH, March 13, 2017 — OPW, a Dover Company (NYSE: DOV), announced today that it has named Kevin Long as the company's new president.
Kevin Long joined Dover in 2014 as the president of Colder Products Company ("CPC"). "While at CPC, Kevin led efforts to accelerate new product development, drive continuous improvement and develop talent within the organization," said Dover Fluids President and CEO Bill Spurgeon. "As Kevin takes over the reins at OPW, we look forward to him continuing the company's legacy of innovation and quality."
"I'm excited to be joining OPW the same year that it celebrates its 125th anniversary," Long said. "To be in business for more than a century is truly a testament to the innovation, quality and customer focus the OPW team strives to deliver. I'm honored to be joining the team."
Prior to joining Dover, Long was Vice President, Customer Care at KaVo-Kerr, a division of Danaher. He also held various product management, operations and general management roles while at Danaher. Long started his career at International Paper in its Leadership Development Program. He graduated from The Ohio State University with a BS and MS in Mechanical Engineering, and received his MBA from MIT.
Long replaces David Crouse who was named president for Dover Fluids' new Dover Fueling Solutions organization last December.
About OPW:
For 125 years, OPW has led the way in designing and manufacturing world-class retail fueling, fluid handling and car wash system solutions for the safe and efficient handling and distribution of fuels and critical fluids. OPW makes above ground and below ground products for both conventional, vapor recovery and clean energy applications in the retail and commercial markets. Additionally, OPW supplies loading arms, valves and dry-break couplings, tank truck equipment, rail car valves and equipment, and car wash systems. OPW has manufacturing operations in North America, Europe, Latin America and Asia Pacific, with sales offices around the world. OPW is part of the Dover Corporation, which is publicly traded on the New York Stock Exchange under "DOV". To learn more about OPW's 125 years of providing industry-leading solutions, visit our website at www.opwglobal.com.
NOTE: If you have a technical question, please submit it through the Technical Service Assistance Request Form.
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text:
Howard estate sells for $27.5 million
GREENWICH -- The Conyers Farm estate of Ron Howard has sold for its asking price of $27.5 million. The property reportedly went to contract less than two weeks after being put on the market May 2.
The buyer was only the second person to view the property, said Realtor Tamar Lurie, who represented the Howards.
"She came in and said, `Oh my God, I'm in love,' " said Lurie, senior sales associate affiliated with Coldwell Banker Residential Brokerage Previews International office in Greenwich. "I knew whoever would buy it would fall in love with the property, the view of the lake and all the things the Howards had built on the property."
The house, on 32 acres with its commanding view of Converse Lake, consists of 23 rooms; six bedrooms; five full and four half baths; a home movie theater; an indoor swimming pool; a 2,500-square-foot guest house; a "sports barn" with tennis court; a horse barn, paddock and riding rings; an observatory silo with Meade telescope; and a greenhouse and gardens.
"The Howards built the house totally for their needs as a family," said Lurie, "When you walk in, that's how you feel it. Everything was done for the Howard family's needs and their enjoyment. They are a beautiful family."
The Howards came to Greenwich in 1985, for the most part to raise their children outside of the show-business bubble. They raised three daughters and a son here, sending them to Greenwich Country Day School. In 1994, they built the 17,200-square-foot, shingle-style mansion on their backcountry property, which they cobbled together from three undeveloped parcels.
"We moved 3,000 miles away from the hub of Los Angeles to raise our family here," Ron Howard, an Academy Award-winning director, as well as a producer and actor, said in a statement when the house went on the market. "Whether we're watching films in our theater, walking the trails throughout our property, star-gazing in our observatory or just relaxing with friends and loved ones by the lake, Cheryl and I feel we've accomplished the goals we set when we began work on this place. Our children are grown, so it's time to move on, but the memories of this very special place will never leave us."
Unlike some celebrities who live here, but never emerge from behind stone walls, the Howards were part of the community during their 23 years in Greenwich.
From time to time they could be seen eating anywhere from Gabriele's Italian Steak House on Church Street or the Ginger Man on Greenwich Avenue to Tomatillo Taco Joint on Railroad Avenue and the Fairways Restaurant at the Griff on King Street.
They spoke at public meetings against plans to install a cellular phone tower at Parkway School in 1990. When a "Go Greener Greenwich Student Environmental Video Contest" was announced in 2009, Ron Howard agreed to be a judge. He did the same for the Junior League of Greenwich's inaugural Greenwich Youth Film Festival three years later.
Nearly 25 years ago, when austerity measures threatened fire station closings, the Howards arranged for proceeds from the first Greenwich showings of his film "Backdraft" to go to the Greenwich Fire Department.
The Conyers Farm community originally was assembled in 1904 by Edmund C. Converse, a founder of United States Steel, who consolidated 20 farms to establish an estate. Converse named the estate Conyers Farm after the Old English spelling of Converse. It was first developed as a community of luxury homes in 1983, maintaining strict zoning, building and environmental regulations.
Past and current residents and current residents include Tom Cruise, Justin Timberlake and Jessica Biel, former Knick star Allan Houston, and President Reagan's former budget director, David Stockman.
Assisting in the Howard sale was independent sales associate Lyn Stevens and The Fieldstone Team, affiliated with Sotheby's International Realty -- Greenwich Brokerage, and Steve Sawaii, a business consultant for the Howards who is affiliated with Coldwell Banker Residential Brokerage in Greater Los Angeles.


text:
Chopped Caprese Salad
Servings: 4-6
Prep time: 0:30
Total time: 0:30
Categories: Appetizer, Salad
Source: Www.JudeTheFoodie.com
• 6 Plum Tomatoes
• ½ Red Onion, chopped
• 2 Cloves Garlic
• 1 Cup Basil, loosely packed
• 8 Ounces Fresh Mozzarella, cubed
• 2 Tablespoons Extra Virgin Olive Oil
• 1 Tablespoon White Balsamic Vinegar
• 1 Teaspoon Sea Salt
• Fresh Ground Pepper
Slice plum tomatoes in half lengthwise and on an angle slice off the white stem. Cut in half again into wedges then cut wedges in half crosswise. Add chopped tomatoes to a medium mixing bowl.
Cut red onion in half and chop into ½ inch pieces. Add to bowl.
Remove paper from garlic and chop off stem. Mince or crush through a press and add to bowl.
Tear basil leaves off stems and lay on top of each other. Chiffonade the basil: roll them into a cigar and slice into thin strips. Add them to the mixing bowl by lightly separating them with your fingers.
Chop the mozzarella roughly into approximately ½ inch cubes. Add to bowl.
Add your favorite extra virgin olive oil and white balsamic vinegar. Season with salt and pepper. Mix lightly with clean hands. May be eaten immediately but improves as it sits covered on the counter for up to three hours. Stir lightly before serving. Be sure to have some crusty bread on hand to mop up the juice.
Made with The Recipe Box. http://www.therecipeboxapp.com/
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