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By Lou Mancinelli
Twenty-one years ago, Cosimo's Pizza Café part-owner Enzo Mandarano moved from Italy to America, despite his parents' warnings and concerns. In fact, they thought he was crazy. His father told him he'd be back in three months. Mandarano, then 20, moved to the U.S. to be with a girl from Abington he had met and fallen in love with a year earlier. She had been vacationing and visiting her own parents' family for three months in Calabria, the region in southern Italy where Mandarano was born and raised.
Now, Mandarano, 41, is married to and has three children with Antonella, the girl he followed to America, and Cosimo's is a vibrant neighborhood family pizza café that features some of that Old World Italian charm. And if he needs the advice of an old-fashioned Italian cook, which happens just about daily, Mandarano calls his mom in his hometown of Portigliola, down in Italy's boot, to ask her "how to make this or that."
This spring and summer, Cosimo's, located at 8624 Germantown Ave., across the street from the old Borders' location, will update its menu to include paninis and more vegetarian and gluten-free dishes. Other plans include renovations to the entire front of the establishment and interior design elements that will feature historical Chestnut Hill-themed photographs and emblems from local schools. A mural of Cosimo's founder, Cosimo DiBruzzi, will be painted on the back wall.
"I moved to America for love," said Mandarano during a mild April night where the setting sun provided a dinner scene at Cosimo's outdoor tables along Germantown Avenue that could have served as a postcard for Chestnut Hill. "And for more opportunity."
Though he earned a degree in elementary education in Italy, Mandarano had the idea he might enjoy working in a restaurant since he was a boy, when he realized the food he cooked was rather good.
A year after moving to America in 1990, he started to work at Cosimo's and worked at its locations in the King of Prussia, Montgomeryville and Willow Grove Malls. By 1994, he was a manager. In 2004, he became the fourth part-owner of the now 10-year-old Chestnut Hill location, which he owns along with Nicholas DiBrizzi, Carlos Citera and Andrew Russo. Cosimo's was founded in 1979 in upstate New York, and has a number of locations. The only ones left in the Philadelphia area are the ones in Chestnut Hill and the Willow Grove Mall.
In addition to your standard pizza shop favorites, plus desserts like cannoli and Italian-style cakes, Cosimo's features specials Mandarano often comes up with based on recipes he learned and still learns in Portigliola, which he tries to visit every year. Pasta fagioli, made homemade according to his grandmother's recipe was one soup of the day when we interviewed Mandarano last week.
His grandmom's recipes are also used for the tomato pie and the Conradina, a more-than-ample plate of sausage blanketed with broccoli, sun-dried tomato, garlic and pesto, served over your choice of spaghetti or penne pasta with just-baked garlic sticks. A great deal for $11.95. Cosimo's new pizza with tomato sauce, fresh mozzarella and arugula is also "a hit." The labels featured on the bottles of their old-style Brooklyn sodas were designed by Mandarano and Citera. The two also work together on the menu.
Cosimo's also does catering, delivers to addresses in Chestnut Hill and offers daily specials. The most popular is probably the Friday Night Feast, a huge combination of pasta, salad and garlic sticks that can feed six to eight people for $39.99.
And though, his mother and two older sisters and brothers still live in Calabria, Mandarano, an Abington resident, keeps his local family close by. His son, Francesco, 14, and his niece, Stefania Rouse, a senior at Penn State Abington, work at the shop when they are free from the responsibilities of school work. He also has a son, Giancarlo, 9, and daughter, Mikayla, 6.
Families filled up the café on Wednesday night during our interview, and Mandarano knew half a dozen customers by name. Cosimo's even has a Kids Fun Center with toys and games and a television that plays Nickelodeon. It's that warm family, homey atmosphere that makes the quality food at Cosimo's taste even better and makes for a wholesome eating experience.
Cosimo's Pizza Café is open seven days a week for lunch and dinner. More information at 215-242-9900.


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The Bisons are here
The blog has been idle over the weekend in large part because those boxes don't pack themselves, my friends. Thanks to the few of you that have sent 'well wishes' with the move Tuesday.
Here comes the Herd… The Bisons' clubhouse has been open for business the last two days and the players have been coming in while trying to arrange their lives before hitting the road. In a lot of ways, they're like anyone who moves to a new city during a job change. Get in, get settled, get cable, print directions to the ballpark, find food… all that stuff. Nothing official for the club today.
Team workouts are scheduled Tuesday and Wednesday with lots of web features coming here and from the Bisons.com team.
Back to packing.


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Looking for an effective way to tell your product story and demonstrate its latest features to both new users as well as Linux veterans? Join other prestigious members of the Open Source community as they combine forces at the preeminent Linux exposition in the West. The fourth annual Southern California Linux Expo brings together businesses, academic institutions and the Linux community in Los Angeles on February 11-12, 2006.
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This year's SCALE will offer an expanded exhibit area to better accommodate your needs. The speaker list reads like a Who's Who of Open Source. Session topics ranging from beginner to expert draw a diverse crowd of enthusiastic attendees. Don't be conspicuous by your absence. Reserve your spot now for SCALE 4x by contacting us here: firstname.lastname@example.com [2]
More information about the Southern California Linux Expo can be found at http://www.socallinuxexpo.org [3]"


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Opinion: The Shutdown: GOP Victories?
Business World columnist Holman Jenkins on how Republicans can negotiate their way to serious reform—little by little.
This transcript has been automatically generated and may not be 100% accurate.
... I ... I ... the start of the government shutdown welcome to Opinion Journal the president on me this evening with ... congressional leaders from both parties to try and avert the shutdown but well well well we can enjoy the shutdown Holman Jenkins R R ... Business World columnist ... I was something we could enjoy it because it lease would save a few blocks of that's probably a vain hope because they end up a ... generally restoring all the funding was the shutdown ends but the new friend today about the ... another element to this in ... the know whether we wanna call it a small victory a victory in terms of raising issues but you don't see this as the disaster some other people who already has ample dysfunctional government below one reader accuse me of curmudgeonly optimism but I see this ... as ... just one step at a train along flights they're going to be over the future of the entitlement state this country which we clearly can't afford ... and which ... we had to do something or we have a very bad ... fiscal financial and economic crisis one these days ... so it's taken in that vein this is at least raising the issues that I'm very happy that there's a large vocal segment ... of our political stuff which meant that wants to bring these issues to the fore ... and a tea party and that Ted Cruz and those folks ... are least doing that I might not agree with their tactics or all the messaging but at least they're raising issues the Mets next one ... okay that what's really are from of Speaker Nancy policy now this is a clip that I think is largely echoed by much of the American media as they ... try to shape the public perception of what's happening now awash in years out ... of the speaker former Speaker Nancy policy now a Democratic leader in the house ... anti ... government ID awful idea was ... to work and ... it's the tea party ... shutdown of government ... okay so it's of ... essentially the Tea Party has shut down the government there any logical ... theologically driven of presidents ... are certainly people work for the president down further in sort of a ... comparing of the Republicans almost it ever heard this in the same won't ... negotiate with them ... I'm as as you point out he's not all that willing to negotiate in the third spot on ... it is an absurd analogy of pocket is about negotiation Treasury insight into your opponent's your critics people have different views of you are terrorists they were negotiate with you but that's ridiculous we we have to bargain in our society that's how our politics works ... and I hope that something will come out of this the will say it ... in the end of May the president is willing to talk to Republicans about the long-term future of taxes and spending in the stock because of what we really need ... he promised before the election that he would be ... the champing some kind of grand bargain bargain with Republicans that first disappeared instantly he ... was never any spending he didn't like it didn't say what Cyprus banks of what's here finally him put something on the table about how we resolve this issue ... the last thing I did talk about the the absence of ... certain voices in this debate there they're a lot of full-time still holds in Washington and talk about ... the need to rein in entitlement so I think they're often writing ... but as you point out the Busan inflate now is basically Republicans saying we don't want to create a new entitlement and yet yet we're not ... hearing for I Erskine Bowles and Alan Simpson and I mean they aren't big thing joining with the Balkans and sang about another entitle us by Obamacare makes it a great target because you have any beneficiaries you too can have something taken away from it ... but with that with all the staff to schools this you probably call them don't wanna get their hands dirty with real politics and don't associate with people you know Southern accents who moved to talk and in strong terms about the stuff you know not too bad because it is a focal fight and got again and get your hands dirty ... this is not were not the time I'm speaking of the tactics and weather the Republicans will win the word but I think you probably ... would be ... about as optimistic as I am that they're going to extract real reform from the president but dove but I think there is good for is a former member of ... the underlying four years ago when which is ... we don't need another and so freakin for another one in a for the ones we have ... and to that point and add wish they would make little clue more clearly be withdrawn the connection tree on the cat Obamacare and a larger connection which Republicans would do that but there were a little bit every few days to do this a mean there's no


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" What functions do the knobs perform on the Symphony? "
The button all the way to the left is the on/off button. The knob in the center of the unit controls the suction and speed. The button all the way to the right is the "let down" button. This button interrupts the first phase (stimulation phase) so you can go right to the expression phase without waiting for the 2 minute stimulation phase to end.
This Question Applies to:


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Fun with Explosive Gases (Nov, 1937)
Fun with Explosive Gases
Hydrocarbons Are a Subject for Many Spectacular Experiments in the Amateur's Chemical Laboratory
By RAYMOND B. WAILES
WOULD you like to get gas from coal without heating the coal? To make an inflammable gas that will dissolve in certain liquids as easily as sugar does in coffee ? To produce a gas that burns with a flame you can hardly perceive? Or to create fiery bubbles of gas, jumping about like grasshoppers, from simple everyday chemicals? These are some of the curious and interesting experiments with hydrocarbon gases that any amateur chemist can easily perform.
Hydrocarbon gases are compounds of carbon and hydrogen. A large proportion of all natural gases, including methane, ethane, propane, and butane, belong to this group. Manufactured illuminating gas—both coal gas and water gas—contains hydrocarbon gases, together with non-hydrocarbons such as hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen.
Everyone knows that heating coal in a closed chamber or retort produces inflammable coal gas. Less familiar is the fact that coal slowly gives off hydrocarbon gases even without being heated. Miners know this, for they often hear the gas escaping with a hissing noise from fissures in underground seams of coal. They call it fire damp and must guard against it, for it forms a dangerously explosive mixture with air. Chemically speaking, fire damp is largely methane.
You can easily collect the same gas from ordinary house-furnace coal. A few days before you want to observe the result, pound up several large double handfuls of hard or soft coal into fragments the size of peas, or finer, and place the pulverized coal in a deep bowl of water. Connect the stem of a glass funnel to the glass part of a medicine dropper with a four-inch length of rubber tubing, and place the funnel, mouth down, over the coal. Suck the water up until it fills the funnel, and close the rubber tubing with a pinch clamp or a spring-type clothespin. Then let the set-up stand. From day to day, you will observe bubbles of gas rising from the coal, particularly when you tap the bowl, and they will be trapped under the glass bell of the funnel. In several days you should have a cupful of methane gas. Then, if the water level outside the funnel is higher than within, the gas will escape from the tip of the medicine dropper when you open the pinch clamp. You can light it, and it will burn with a pale blue flame.
Gas that bubbles up through the water of marshes also is methane. You can collect it by stirring up the muddy bottom of a lily pool, or the ooze at the bottom of a marsh, and trapping the ascending bubbles under an inverted funnel. The marsh gas, too, will burn.
Methane can be manufactured in your home laboratory from sodium acetate. Place an ounce or two of the crystals on the lid of a tin can, or in a porcelain evaporating dish, and heat the material slowly. Soon it will become liquid. Continue heating for at least ten minutes more, to dehydrate or dry the sodium acetate. When it cools, if the heating has been sufficient, it will no longer be crystalline but will resemble powdery snow.
To the dehydrated sodium acetate, add about one tenth of its volume of sodium hydroxide (ordinary household lye will do) and an equal amount of unslaked lime (calcium oxide). Mix the ingredients thoroughly. Now place the mixture in a test tube, or an ignition tube closed at one end. Stopper the tube with a one-hole cork in which you have fitted the glass portion of a medicine dropper.
Heat the tube slowly, and wave the burner flame along its entire length every ten seconds or so. This will keep its whole surface at a high temperature and prevents water vapor from condensing, running back, and cracking the hot glass. Soon the chemical mixture will melt and methane gas will be given off at the end of the miniature retort system. Light it with a match, and it will burn for five minutes or more. Sodium compounds from the chemicals in the tube, borne along as a spray by the gas, tinge the flame yellow.
Methane gas does not react readily with most other chemicals. In contrast, showy experiments can be performed with acetylene, another hydrocarbon gas. This is the gas that produces the fierce oxyacetylene flame used for cutting metals, when it is burned with oxygen in a special torch. Acetylene has also found service in rural-home lighting and in bicycle and miners' lamps.
To generate acetylene and study its properties, obtain a can of calcium carbide, commonly sold simply as "carbide." A bicycle shop or a sporting-goods store is your most likely source of supply. Several lumps of the chemical placed in a large jar or can of water will liberate a copious quantity of acetylene. A bottleful of the gas may then be collected for experiment by guiding the stream of bubbles through a funnel into the submerged mouth of an inverted bottle filled with water, the rising gas displacing the water. Before you lift out the bottle of acetylene, cover the mouth with a sheet of glass or close it with a cork, to retain the gas until you are ready to use it.
Hold a match to the mouth of a bottle filled with acetylene. The gas will burn with a brilliant yellow flame, depositing a large amount of soot or carbon. If you let air mix with the acetylene and then apply a match, the gas mixture will explode with a plop. The explosion is harmless, provided you take care to use a bottle with a wide mouth.
WHEN acetylene burns, it turns into carbon dioxide and water. These are the oxides of carbon and hydrogen, of which two atoms apiece make up the acetylene molecule. After you have burned a bottleful of acetylene gas, place several drops of clear limewater in the bottle and shake the liquid about. A white precipitate of calcium carbonate will turn the limewater milky, showing the presence of carbon dioxide, for which this is a test. The black flakes of soot in the bottle will not interfere. They float, due to the fact that they do not become wet with the liquid.
Acetylene will combine with a number of gases, and its reaction with chlorine is a spectacular one. To demonstrate this, place about a teaspoonful of ordinary bleaching powder (calcium hypochlorite) and about a fluid ounce (one eighth of an ordinary drinking glass) of water in a wide-mouthed bottle. Then add ten or twenty cubic centimeters (half a fluid ounce, more or less) of muriatic, or hydrochloric, acid. Chlorine gas is produced, and may be recognized by its yellowish color. When the bottle has become filled with the gas, toss in a few lumps of calcium carbide. Falling into the water in the bottle, the carbide -immediately gives off acetylene gas. As each bubble of acetylene bobs to the surface of the liquid, it comes in contact with the overlying chlorine gas, and the two gases react vigorously with each other. Each contact produces a flash of light, a tiny explosion, and a little cloud of soot. With the bombardment proceeding at the rate of several explosions a second, the bottle resembles a miniature battlefield. Just as a lighted wax taper or a jet of burning hydrogen will continue to burn when it is lowered into a vessel filled with chlorine, so this fiery reaction between acetylene and chlorine provides another reminder of the curious fact that oxygen is not essential to produce a flame.
Confined under high pressure, acetylene may decompose and explode in response to heat or shock. Therefore cylinders of acetylene used for metal cutting are not filled merely by pumping in the compressed gas. Instead, they are first packed with asbestos fibers saturated in acetone, a liquid organic chemical that dissolves and thus stores up acetylene introduced under relatively low pressure.
WHAT makes this practical is the remarkable quantity of acetylene gas that acetone will absorb. You can observe the effect for yourself with the aid of an easily assembled bit of apparatus. Attach a four-inch length of rubber tubing to the top of a burette, or to one end of a glass tube two feet long and half an inch in diameter. Arrange two pinch clamps on the rubber tubing, one near each end. Stand the glass column vertically, with the rubber-tubing end upward and the lower end fitted to the stem of a funnel inverted in a bowl of water. Now suck upon the rubber tubing until the burette or glass tube is filled with water, and close the pinch clamps. Place several lumps of calcium carbide in the water under the funnel.
Acetylene gas will be instantly evolved, and the bubbles will rise in the water-filled column, growing smaller and smaller as they approach its top. The bubbles contain some water vapor that is condensing, and the acetylene itself is dissolving in water. Soon, however, the glass tube is filled with the gas. Now open the upper pinch clamp and fill the short section of rubber tubing with acetone. Close the upper pinch clamp, open the lower one, and squeeze the rubber tubing. This will force the acetone down into the acetylene-filled glass tube. As the liquid runs down the walls, it absorbs acetylene. A partial vacuum is created, and atmospheric pressure forces water up into the glass tube to take the place of the acetylene that has been dissolved. A single cubic centimeter of acetone will absorb about twenty-five cubic centimeters of acetylene gas. For comparison, you can repeat the experiment with other solvents that will dissolve acetylene, such as carbon tetrachloride and turpentine.
ETHYLENE, like methane and acetylene, offers interesting possibilities for home experiments. This gaseous hydrocarbon is used in ripening bananas artificially, and is present in illuminating gas. It can be prepared easily in an amateur laboratory.
To generate ethylene, place about thirty cubic centimeters (one fluid ounce) of grain alcohol or denatured radiator alcohol in a flask and add about twenty-five cubic centimeters of strong sulphuric acid. Heat the mixture, and the acid will dehydrate the alcohol or chemically abstract water from it, liberating ethylene gas.
If you use a flask of the distilling type, fit it with a single-hole cork carrying a thistle tube, through which the acid is added. Lead the gas that issues from the side arm, through rubber tubing, to a turned-up glass tube submerged in a pneumatic trough or gas-collecting basin filled with water. In case your flask has no side arm, fit it with a two-hole cork carrying the thistle tube and also a bent delivery tube of glass leading to the pneumatic trough. Water-filled bottles, inverted in the basin, will collect the gas and may be closed with glass plates until it is used. The gas will burn with a white, luminous flame. You can safely mix ethylene with air in a wide-mouthed bottle and explode it with a lighted match.
STRONG sulphuric acid absorbs ethylene, and you can show this in much the same fashion as you demonstrated how acetone absorbs acetylene—that is, by letting the action create a partial vacuum and draw up water. If you have assembled the handy little gas generator described in a previous article of this series (P.S.M., May '37, p. 68), it will prove especially suitable for this purpose. The device consists simply of a small flask with a two-hole stopper, which carries a separatory funnel and a gas delivery tube leading into an open test tube, the whole being mounted on a base for convenience.
Fill the flask with ethylene, letting the gas pass in through the delivery tube while the stopcock of the funnel is open. Then close the stopcock and arrange the delivery tube of the flask to dip in water placed in the test tube. Put some strong sulphuric acid in the separatory funnel, admit several cubic centimeters of it to the flask, and then close the stopcock again. The acid will absorb the gas, and the vacuum will draw water from the test tube into the flask. If you substitute ordinary illuminating gas for ethylene, you will also be able to observe its loss in volume, though it will be considerably less in this case, since illuminating gas contains only a small percentage of ethylene.
This may be a good point for a word of caution to overzealous home experimenters against the temptation to mix things together indiscriminately and see what will happen. Some hydrocarbons— acetylene, for example—form highly explosive compounds with certain chemicals. Likewise it is perfectly possible to prepare dangerous substances from other easily obtained laboratory materials. Plain common sense should warn any amateur chemist to stick to experiments that he positively knows to be safe, which of course include all of those specifically recommended in these articles.


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Update: 2010 International AIDS Conference
Tales From Vienna: The World's AIDS Community Converges Upon Vienna for the International AIDS Conference
September/October 2010
Leading the news from the conference: the first ever antiviral-based gel to show effectiveness in preventing HIV in women.
A New Weapon Women Can Use Against the Virus
Doctors don't usually get a standing ovation when presenting data from a study, but Dr. Quarraisha Abdool Karim did.
She presented study results showing a 39% decrease in HIV infections in women using a vaginal gel containing tenofovir, an anti-HIV medication. The gel was used up to 12 hours before sex and again afterwards.
Moreover, in women who used the microbicide (germ-killing) gel in 80% of the incidences of sexual intercourse, there was a 51% reduction in infection. These women made up the majority of the participants using the gel.
A smaller group of women using the gel less than half the time had a lower success rate, a 28% reduction in infection, but this is still one in four women remaining uninfected.
In addition, the gel prevented herpes infection in 54% of women.
After years of disappointing results with microbicide research, advocates around the world expressed elation. "Goooooal!" wrote Science reporter Jon Cohen.
Nearly 900 women participated in the study at the Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), with the major funder being USAID (U.S. Agency for International Development).
The U.S. and South African governments were the primary forces behind the study. Dr. Abdool Karim is with Columbia University and associate director of CAPRISA, where her husband, Dr. Salim S. Abdool Karim is director. He is also a vice-chancellor at the University of KwaZulu-Natal (UKZN) in South Africa.
In a UKZN press release, Dr. Quarraisha Abdool Karim says that, "Tenofovir gel could fill an important HIV prevention gap by empowering women who are unable to successfully negotiate mutual faithfulness or condom use with their male partners. This new technology has the potential to alter the course of the HIV epidemic, especially in southern Africa where young women bear the brunt of this devastating disease."
A YouTube video of interviews with some of the women and medical providers in the study, entitled "Gabi's Gift," is available, along with other information on the results, at www.caprisa.org. In it, Gabi Nxele explains that a friend died of AIDS and participating in the study was her gift to the women of the world.
In the CAPRISA study, usage fell off over time. There was a 50% prevention rate in the first year, which went down to 39% for the entire two and a half years of the study. The success rate was compared against women who were given a placebo gel (no active substance).
Tenofovir is available as an HIV drug called Viread, and is in the HIV medications Truvada and Atripla, both best-selling compounds. It is also being studied as a prevention pill for HIV-negative people at high risk of infection. There's long been hope and excitement for tenofovir, and Truvada, to help in the prevention of HIV during sexual encounters. Newer HIV drugs are also being studied for this purpose.
Two U.S.-based organizations, FHI (Family Health International) and CONRAD (Contraceptive Research and Development Program), collaborated with CAPRISA. MTN reported that Gilead Sciences, which makes tenofovir, initially created the gel and granted a royalty-free license for it to CONRAD and to the International Partnership for Microbicides. Gilead provided tenofovir for free to MTN.
CONRAD is a division of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Eastern Virginia Medical School, with a mission to help rapidly develop safe, affordable, and effective products for contraception and prevention of sexually transmitted HIV and other infections.
CONRAD offered to lead the movement to have the gel released as soon as possible if it continues to show effectiveness. Advocates noted that government regulations around the world prevent the availability of products for years after they are found to be effective.
The study publication is available free online at www.sciencemag.com.
The Vienna Declaration
It's time to stop the harmful laws and discrimination associated with the international war against drugs, according to doctors, researchers, and advocates who created the Vienna Declaration. The statement urges the promotion of syringe exchange and other proven methods of protecting health.
"The criminalization of illicit drug users is fuelling the HIV epidemic and has resulted in overwhelmingly negative health and social consequences," they wrote. "A full policy reorientation is needed."
The declaration goes on to briefly review the history of this war on drugs and discuss its failings.
Among the problems discussed is a high rate of HIV among injection drug users (IDUs) in areas of the world where the virus is "spreading rapidly." In Eastern Europe and Central Asia, as many as 70% of IDUs become infected, and in some areas, more than 80% of this group acquires HIV.
"In the context of overwhelming evidence that drug law enforcement has failed to achieve its stated objectives, it is important that its harmful consequences be acknowledged and addressed," the declaration continues.
The following points, taken directly from the declaration, represent some of the consequences of the war on drugs:
The declaration also notes that, "Basing drug policies on scientific evidence will not eliminate drug use or the problems stemming from drug injecting. However, reorienting drug policies towards evidence-based approaches that respect, protect, and fulfill human rights has the potential to reduce harms deriving from current policies and would allow for the redirection of the vast financial resources towards where they are needed most: implementing and evaluating evidence-based prevention, regulatory, treatment and harm reduction interventions."
Individuals and organizations are invited to sign the Vienna Declaration at www.viennadeclaration.com.
This article was provided by Positively Aware. It is a part of the publication Positively Aware. Visit Positively Aware's website to find out more about the publication.
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text:
- Hamilton
- Saint George
Ports of Call
- Hamilton
Introducing Bermuda
Horseshoe Bay © Ekem
Britain's oldest colony, Bermuda, is a land of pink, sandy beaches, clear, turquoise seas and picturesque, old colonial towns. It is hard now to imagine that sailors once knew it as Devil's Island, but the combination of shallow waters and coral reefs caused many shipwrecks in the past, which contibuted to the legend of the Bermuda Triangle, which stretches between Bermuda, Florida and Puerto Rico. Today, however, the reefs provide a wonderful playground for swimming, snorkelling, and diving.
Bermuda is an archipelago comprised of 181 islands located approximately 650 miles (1,046km) off the east coast of America in the Atlantic Ocean. The bulk of the country consists of the seven main islands linked to each other by causeways and bridges and stretches just 20 miles (32km) from tip to tail.
Most visitors to the islands are American citizens who think of it fondly as very English in character. British visitors, on the other hand, seem to feel that it has a strongly American flavour. In truth, Bermuda has a distinct atmosphere that draws its influences from American and British traditions merged with local island culture. Business attire might constitute a jacket and tie with Bermuda shorts, while bikinis are banned further than 25 feet (7.6m) away from the water!
With its mixture of colonial style and its close proximity to America, Bermuda has become a centre of high finance as well as one of the world's most coveted holiday destinations. Generous tax advantages and satellite communications have induced a stream of major corporations to set up offices on the island, and have helped the country become one of the richest, per capita, in the world.
Because of its natural beauty and close proximity to Florida, Bermuda is a very popular destination for both cruise ships and yachts, with over 200,000 people visiting the islands from cruise ships every year.


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Gungnir wrote:dilanski wrote: Just noticed something weird, if you click the pictures you zoom in, and on the Rib and Jeep sets, some of the bricks look like they've got 'LEGO' printed on the studs? Anyone with better eyes confirm?
Yes, those say 'Lego' on them. I'm recognizing a lot of other Lego elements as well, like the steering wheel on that boat.
No it says 'COBI' . The Asian makers can be a bit of a mixed bag when it comes to quality with some being a lot better than others. With some items it can be really difficult to tell which is the clone and which is the LEGO part, but other makes will take lots of shortcuts and it shows.
I use a lot of COGO bricks because they generally fit together tightly and the quality is reasonable. The supplier I buy sets from will give me a set free for every four I buy which has to be a good deal in anybody's book. As a religious sister I don't have a lot of money to come and go on so cheap bricks or no bricks is the way I have to do it. The special bricks and Minifig parts and accessories I buy are usually LEGO, but I do have quite a few clone minifigs as well that have been a part of sets. Mostly I put skeleton heads on them and they become UnDead minions, but some of the better ones have joined the ranks of the mercenary pirates of Tyrus or else the degenerate 'Lost Civilisation' in the Lost Valley on Dinoreich.
Most of the COGO set designs are structurally pretty poor and difficult to make without them constantly falling apart during construction, but that's not so much because the bricks are no good. The problem lies in just plain not designing shapes so they have any strength to them. I have a Pirate ship set that was hopeless how it was supposed to be built, but is proving to be on the way to being an Ok MOC with me building it how I want it to be.


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itsolinc necesitaba un nuevo diseño de página web y lanzó un concurso de diseño en 99designs.
Un ganador ha sido elegido entre 73 diseños de 11 diseñadores freelance.
We recently purchased a domain called LocalInsuranceQuotes.com ( Local Insurance Quotes .com ). We have not designed a logo yet. You can participate in the contest to design LocalInsuranceQuotes.com logo at http://99designs.com/logo-design/co…rief-43547 .
LocalInsuranceQuotes.com is a free service for consumers in the United States. Our service allows consumers to connect with local insurance agents.
Male or female in the United States ages 18 and up. Consumers who visit our website are looking to buy all kinds of insurance: auto, health, home, renters, disability, business, and etc.
To help them buy insurance with the best coverage and lowest price we ask consumers to fill out 1 easy form that asks consumers for basic information. This form will have information that is required to provide the consumer with multiple insurance quotes.
Design home page of LocalInsuranceQuotes.com. When people visit our website it should be very easy to understand what visitor can do on the website.
Example: http://tinyurl.com/344m78w On this website consumers have two choices: 1) Find a Local Agent and 2) Compare Rates. Our website should offer these two choices.
We like modern looking websites. Example: http://tinyurl.com/ygvufwv (I like that quote box stands out) or http://tinyurl.com/yz3ugwx (add to the design of LocalInsuranceQuotes.com VeriSign and McAfee logos from this example ).
It is better for you to submit multiple unique design concepts for the page than different versions of any one design.
If you don't get a great review on a particular design, please try again.
We will review the designs as quickly as possible. We will let you know what we like and don't like.
Don't be offended by a low score, it is only one person's opinion. Come back with something different. It is the high level innovative design concepts that we are looking for.
About my star ratings:
1 star for color combination
1 star for layout
1 star for trustworthiness of the design
1 star for modern look of the design and images used
1 star for zip code entry conversion rate potential of the design
for a total of 5 stars. In the comments we will inform you which element needs to be improved.


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Travoli avait besoin d'un nouveau design de page web et a lancé un concours sur 99designs.
Un gagnant a été sélectionné de 31 designs proposés par 7 designers freelance.
HomesIndex.com is a project I started last year, but never finished. You can see the design leaves a lot to be desired.
That's where you come in. I need *you* to create a modern, clean, professional design for HomesIndex.com.
The new HomesIndex.com will focus on the U.S. housing market news in a blog style format. We will regularly post and comment on news headlines and market statistics. This blog-style homepage will need to have right side navigation (recent news, archives, investing guide, find a home, home buying guide, home selling guide, moving guide). The blog will probably be a modified form of wordpress.
The other design I need is a refreshing of a homes listing page such as:
All the information should be the same, including the right-side navigation. The look needs to match up with your new blog-style homepage design. I'll take your new design and apply it to the various listings pages, as they are all very similar.
Anyone looking for housing market news. Professionals and potential home buyers alike. Site should be professional in nature.
-Two designs (see "tell us about yourself)
-I require a white main content area, prefer easy-to-read black text in content area. Headlines and breadcrumbs can be different colors. Secondary color blues. Then yellow/green for accent.
-Clean, professional, up-to-date design
-I like effects in which sections "jump off the page" with shadowing, like http://jhnmyr.tumblr.com/
-Logo redesign is encouraged to go with your new design. Simple is fine.
-Repeatable background image/color preferred to reduce load time. Must work for multiple page heights.
-Deliverables will be the .psds with everything layered for easy html work.
I like simple, clean design with effects that pop off the screen like


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It happened about a month ago. It was a typical day – casually following Twitter – laughing at the wittiness of those whom I follow and clicking through the links that caught my attention. As it was quite some time ago I don't remember the exact words that @bittman used to lure me in but it had to do with nachos. The nachos that Mark Bittman was referring to resembled nothing like the grease-laden chips covered in orange "cheese-flavored" glop that my husband likes to consume while we're at Safeco watching the Mariners. No these were vastly different and were immediately on the menu for that night's dinner. Bittman's Greek Nachos begin with a bed of oven crisped pitas. On top of that he uses a cumin and onion seasoned ground lamb – I used beef because it's what I had. Drizzled over the top of the pitas and ground meat is a perfectly salty, creamy and tangy sauce of yogurt, feta, lemon juice/zest and fresh mint. (If your mouth isn't watering yet you might want to get your salivary glands examined). But wait. There's more. Finish the nachos with chopped tomatos, cucumbers and olives. And if you are like me sprinkle more feta on top and a bit more fresh mint. This dinner is made extra tasty with the addition of this fruit salad on the side. Of course, being the crazy lady that I am, store bought pitas just would not do. So I made my own and I must say that it was incredibly satisfying watching them balloon in the oven. It took a few rounds before I figured out the "trick" to the 'puff". Which really isn't a trick at all – just make sure that when rolling them out you leave them thick enough so that there is room for them to expand. A 1/4-inch thick should do the trick. For this recipe however, you don't need the typical pocket in the pita – but for the leftover sandwiches you make with the leftover nacho ingredients – you will.
Whole Wheat Pitas
Whole Wheat Pitas This is an incredible Pita tutorial from The Fresh Loaf (much more detailed than mine)
2 cups flour
1 cup whole wheat flour
1 1/2 teaspoons salt
1 Tbl honey
1 packet yeast (or 2 1/2 tsp.)
1 1/4 to 1 1/2 cups water, roughly at room temperature
2 tablespoons olive oil
Combine the yeast, flour, salt and honey. Stir in the water and olive oil to form a ball. If the mixture is not coming together add a bit more flour or water so that a cohesive mass is made. Knead the dough, or mix with a dough hook on low, for ten minutes. Place the dough in a lightly oiled bowl and cover with a cloth or plastic wrap. Let this rest and rise until double in size. Approximately 90 minutes. After the dough has double punch down to release some gas then divide into 8 equal portions. Roll each potion into a ball then cover and let rest for 20 minutes.
Preheat the oven to 400*.
If you have a baking stone (recommended) place that in the oven at this point as well. If you don't have a stone use the underside of a cookie sheet placed in the middle of your oven. On a floured surface roll a portion of the dough into a circle about 1/4-inch thick (this thickness worked best for me). Quickly open the oven and place the rolled dough on your stone or cookie sheet – if there is room bake two at a time. Watch closely as it is quite exciting – if you are into that kind of thing – and it happens quickly. They should be done after 3 minutes.You can continue to bake for a couple more minutes if you want them crispier. If you are going to be using these pitas for the Greek nachos – which you really should – then once the pitas cool you are going to cut them into wedges drizzle with salt and olive oil and bake again just to crisp them up a bit (i.e. pita chips). If you have enough will power pitas can keep for awhile or they freeze really well. Of course you could just run to the store and buy a pack of pitas but really these are super easy and quick to make and the taste will leaving you screaming "OPA!"


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Job Board >> Browse Articles >> Local / State
Five Steps to a State or Local Gov't Job
Wisconsin State Capitol (source: Wisconsin Department of Agriculture)
Jonathan Zuk / GovCentral Contributor
Frustrated searching for a federal job? It may not all be your fault. Though government spending is still increasing, the growth of new federal government jobs is actually slowing down. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, federal government employment is expected to decrease by 3.7 percent by 2016. Though there will still be several thousands of federal vacancies due to baby boomer retirements, most new government and policy job growth will come state and local governments.
These government areas in particular are expected to show steady job growth, with overall employment expected to increase by over 1.4 million, or 7.4 percent over the next ten years. Though sometimes lower-paying, these positions usually require shorter hiring processes than their federal counterparts.
Follow these five steps to find the perfect state or local government job by clicking "next" below, or click on a specific topic that is of interest to you.
Step 1: Decide the Municipality/State Where You Want to Work
Step 2: Learn More About State/Local Job Titles that Interest You
Step 3: Search for State Jobs
Step 4: Learn More About the Department/Division Where You Are Applying
Step 5: Apply for the Job
Not sure why you need a government job? Here are five reasons.


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Associa @Associa
RT @realtordotcom: Use the science behind human behavior to land the house of your dreams. https://t.co/qYTL4FdXUD #MondayMotivation3:14 PM - 29 Oct 18
Other content in this Stream
Cities Management, an Associa company, announces the recent promotion of Jenni Flobeck to vice president: https://t.co/53SocQ7N7F
RT @DunnEdwards: This year's rainstorms will bring an abundance of wildflowers. A super bloom is on the horizon! Marigold is a golden orange. #DunnEdwards https://t.co/BaOJSHeEKz
RT @realtordotcom: To show off your #homeforsale in the best light, avoid these listing photo mistakes. 📸 #realestate https://t.co/LMRjmA5yMU
RT @DunnEdwards: Lush layers inspired the design—and the color palette—of the @CKennedyDesign Compound. Take a look inside! https://t.co/HjVysZ4HuO https://t.co/m5druiLOaW
RT @Modernize: Arizona Residents: Explore the advantages of investing in #solarenergy with our new guide to residential #solar energy— including state-specific incentives and rebates. Learn more: http
RT @realtordotcom: How long does a #mortgage pre-approval last? Roughly 3 months. Find out why: https://t.co/8mPrGqfFh6 https://t.co/eywG8nZLWq
Making your home more eco-friendly is as simple as 1,2,3: http://ow.ly/NaaS30nVSbt
RT @realtordotcom: Navy is the new neutral when it comes to #homedesign: https://t.co/QzCqQEufAK Could you see this shade working in your own home? https://t.co/W3xUCmQifV
RT @canetwork: CO: Homeowner Associations: Covenant Enforcement https://t.co/X5J6czZ4at
RT @dominomag: 12 Clever Ways to Keep Your Tupperware Storage In Check: https://t.co/QALYv5Hnnh https://t.co/GIzkHBN1mw
The Complete HOA Board Member Starter Guide
In this ebook, we're giving you the collective knowledge of our 40+ years of experience working alongside out countless board members to improve their communities.
Thinking About Buying A Home in Mexico? Here's What You Need to Know
While there are many factors to consider, it's important to ask these basic questions before purchasing a second home or vacation spot in Mexico.
Did you know building a deck on your property can add value to your home? From Realtor: http://ow.ly/Ro9g30nV3gg
RT @realtordotcom: A brand-new wooden deck addition to your home will net you a 75% return on investment when you decide to sell. https://t.co/j64WnXveqL
Associa is proud to announce the promotion of Robert Simpson to regional sales director for the central region: https://t.co/iX3zYRwwPp
RT @realtordotcom: These cheap #curbappeal tricks offer great ROI for home sellers. #realestate #advice https://t.co/Vf3AWRFn7L
RT @dominomag: Look No Further: The 22 Best Sofas for Small Spaces. https://t.co/P0fwktUYyW https://t.co/8dVl7F3hbH
RT @dominomag: Hear Us Out: Quilts Are Cool Again! https://t.co/TGqZcnGbzf https://t.co/fU8jMv7PH3
RT @BlindsDotCom: 26 Ideas for Bathroom Window Treatments: https://t.co/1NmbPTyco2 https://t.co/8aHPjuhY05


text: There are certainly ways we may be able to develop an extensible software architecture for which we can "define" new requirements for applications. Some sort of XML template definition(s) may assist in the process. [not sure how Joe L and other are doing it] On Thu, 2007-10-25 at 18:28 -0400, Jeffrey B. Layton wrote: > andrew holway wrote: > > Hi > > > > Been lurking round some user group meetings and have found academic > > cluster people needing a way to attract Unix illiterate people onto > > their systems. There has been a suggestion that a web based user > > portal might be a way to go. I have been told that there may have been > > similar projects with this kind of thing in mind. > > > > I was thinking of a way to bolt in modules for the portal depending on > > what codes you wanted to run. > > > Sigh... This is my "dream" of a sorts. I want a web base tool for > submitting jobs, monitoring jobs, and so on, so that people who > don't know or care to learn the command line, can run jobs (there > is a group of this niche that aren't capable of learning the command > line anyway). > > I want a simple interface where the user just selects the code they > want to run, how many processors they want (alternatively you > could even ask how long you want the code to run), where the > input files are located, and where you want the output files to be > located. Then they hit enter and the code runs. However, this will > take some set up by and admin to define the actual command line > to run the code, copying the data files (if needed), etc. So this means > that you can't do it for every code - only the ones defined by the > admin. > > PBS, Cluster Resources, and LSF all have some type of web portal > where you can do some of these things. Of course they are commercial > and sometimes not always the most flexible. > > Joe Landman at Scalable Informatics has mentioned a project he's > working on called Dragonfly that may give you what you want. > (Shameless plug for Joe - I'm lining my beers at SC07 already). > > Jeff > > _______________________________________________ > Beowulf mailing list, Beowulf at beowulf.org > To change your subscription (digest mode or unsubscribe) visit http://www.beowulf.org/mailman/listinfo/beowulf


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Thanks to Walker Books, I have a copy of Megan Miranda's Hysteria to give to one of you!
About the book:
Mallory killed her boyfriend, Brian. She can't remember the details of that night but everyone knows it was self-defense, so she isn't charged. But Mallory still feels Brian's presence in her life. Is it all in her head? Or is it something more? In desperate need of a fresh start, Mallory is sent to Monroe, a fancy prep school where no one knows her . . . or anything about her past.But the feeling follows her, as do her secrets. Then, one of her new classmates turns up dead. As suspicion falls on Mallory, she must find a way to remember the details of both deadly nights so she can prove her innocence-to herself and others.
In another riveting tale of life and death, Megan Miranda's masterful storytelling brings readers along for a ride to the edge of sanity and back again.(
Ready for your chance to win a copy of Hysteria by Megan Miranda? Just will out the widget below. Earn extra entries for following. US mailing addresses only.


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Jennings A. Jones College of Business Assurance of Learning Improvement
What Is Assurance of Learning Improvement (AoLI)?
Assurance of learning improvement means identifying the knowledge and skills critical to our students' success after graduation and demonstrating that they acquire that knowledge and those skills with increasing proficiency over time.
How Does Assurance of Learning Improvement Differ from Assessment?
Assessment is a measurement activity within assurance of learning improvement. Measuring
the extent to which students have acquired knowledge and skills provides us with data
we can then use to make decisions about how to increase the extent to which they acquire
the knowledge and skills.
The tendency in assurance of learning efforts is often to focus on measurement. That's a reasonable tendency, since measuring is an integral part of assessment processes, but it's misguided. Everything related to assessment should focus squarely and relentlessly on learning improvement. Measurement is meaningless without action; we must use the information we gain from measuring to move our students toward excellence in learning. In doing so, we move ourselves toward excellence in teaching. Simply put, learning improvement fosters excellence in every respect. The better job we do of knowing what our students must learn, teaching them those things, and demonstrating that they do learn those things, the more effective we become as educators and the more successful our students become when they graduate and embark on their own careers.
Why Is Assurance of Learning Improvement Important?
Assurance of learning improvement is the means by which we ensure the consistently
increasing quality of our graduates.
It enables us to demonstrate conclusively to prospective employers why they should hire our students. It also enables us to assure potential donors to the Jones College of Business that our students are worthy of their investments. No company goes into business with the goal of producing a mediocre product, or even a product that's "pretty good". If we are not deeply committed to producing the most knowledgeable and skilled graduates we can possibly produce, and working continuously toward that end, then we do all of our stakeholders a tremendous disservice.
Learning improvement isn't about scrambling to get ready for a re-accreditation visit every five years, it's not about checking off boxes, and it's not something we do because someone else demands it. It is something we should do - indeed, must do - for our students, for ourselves, for our college, and for the companies that will hire our graduates in ever-increasing numbers as a result.


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Truckee Truck Driving Schools
Our Truckee truck driving school was selected using a comprehensive screening process to find the best CDL training around.
Our featured Truckee, CA truck driving school, TDA Drivers, has everything a student truck driver needs:
- PDTI Certified Curriculum
- Qualified Instructors
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You can apply for Truckee, CA truck driving school by filling out the form on this page, and a trucking school representative will get in touch will you to get you started on your way to a new truck driving career through their quality truck driving school.
If you are looking for more information, call 1800TRUCKER (1.800.878.2537).
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We recommend the TDA Drivers' Yuba City campus for truck driving schools near Truckee, CA


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Currently Im chillin in the Dallas airport. I just finished a 12 hour flight from Osaka, and Im waiting to get on the last leg back to Albuquerque. Its 7am Osaka time, and 5pm Dallas time. As you might imagine, Im feeling a little fucked up. Cant wait to get home and hit the bong, take a shower, and get some sleep.
I spent most of Sunday in Nagoya. This was the view from my hotel room
And check out how wide the building on the right is in this photo
Every inch counts. And how about yet another cool chopper
From Nagoya, we took a bullet train back to Osaka
Check out these Osaka homeless steez...
And more crazy food in windows...
Sunday night, I got to check out Corrupted
My friend Hevi is the vocalist. They were awesome. They played one really long song and called it a night.
After the show I went to a noodle spot with the crew, including Kayo. So cute
She's rad, and I had a ball on her little folding bike
Monday morning, and more rain
I made this tattoo that afternoon
Then we got the usual crew together and headed over to a club called Sansui for a Rebel8 party. Mika was looking super cute in my new Cinelli hat
Heres some photos of the wall we painted at the club
I also worked on this canvas in a second room in the club with Nami, Mutsuo, and Hevi
And I met Rockin Jelly Bean!
Jill was feeling the love as well
And check out his fresh bike that he brought with him from LA
Finally spotted a beer machine
And I caught a little something by my friend Wane in Verys blackbook
On the way back to where I was staying, I ran into my favorite girl in Osaka
I started Tuesday off with this little tattoo
And since it was my last day in Japan, I went shopping! Heres my pile of booty after 2 weeks in Japan
After shopping, I caught this cool stencil and a nice Grime tag on a street box
Then I got myself a souvenir tattoo
My friend Usugrow drew out the word Paipan in his fancy brushed lettering style, and I had Mutsuo from Three Tides tattoo it on me. Its great. Thanks, Mutsuo!
After that, we got the crew together for dinner at a buffet restaurant. We just grabbed what we wanted, put it all out on the table, and shared everything. Javi, a tattooer from Spain who was visiting Three Tides, was along for the ride. Hes vegan, and this buffet place had lots of options for him, something pretty rare in Japan from my experience. Heres the spread
Delicious. Then we rolled to Kabina
Thats the smallest door Ive ever seen going into the smallest bar Ive ever seen. They were closed. So we ended up at Mecca where I tried out some new glasses, styling and photo by Jill Bonny
And these were some other glasses I tried out
Im in the market for some new glasses. And a haircut.
I got up around noon yesterday. Got everything packed. Went to Starbucks for a huge decaf and a scone. Then Yuya took this photo of Mika and myself
After one last visit to the Three Tides office, I got this shot of Hevi with a cool three wheeler
Then Mutsuo and I caught the 3:10pm bus to the airport
Goodbye, Osaka!
And at 5:30pm, I left the ground. And after 12 hours in the air, I find myself in Dallas at 5:30pm. I find myself here, in The Mystery Zone{moscomment}
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Author Notes: It took a brilliant, adventurous chemist to discover the simplest way to make chocolate mousse at home. Hervé This, the father of molecular gastronomy, discovered how to make a flawless, creamy chocolate mousse out of just chocolate and water.
This all happens fast as the mixture cools, so chances are you'll go too far on your first try. Don't worry — just return it to the pan, melt it, and start over (see step 3). Once you have the rhythm down, you can flavor it as you wish with liqueurs or coffee or spices, sweeten it to your liking, or just keep it dark and intense. In all of these scenarios, a little whipped cream up top is never a bad idea. Adapted from Molecular Gastronomy: Exploring the Science of Flavor (Columbia University Press, 2008) —Genius Recipes
Serves: 4
3/4 cup (6 ounces) water
8 ounces chocolate (we used 70% bittersweet — choose a high quality chocolate you love)
ice cubes
whipped cream for topping (optional)
- Simply pour water into a saucepan (which will be improved from the gastronomic point of view if it is flavored with orange juice, for example, or cassis puree). Then, over medium-low heat, whisk in the chocolate. The result is a homogenous sauce.
- Put the saucepan in a bowl partly filled with ice cubes (or pour into another bowl over the ice -- it will chill faster), then whisk the chocolate sauce, either manually with a whisk or with an electric mixer (if using an electric mixer, watch closely -- it will thicken faster). Whisking creates large air bubbles in the sauce, which steadily thickens. After a while strands of chocolate form inside the loops of the whisk. Pour or spoon immediately into ramekins, small bowls or jars and let set.
- Note: Three things can go wrong. Here's how to fix them. If your chocolate doesn't contain enough fat, melt the mixture again, add some chocolate, and then whisk it again. If the mousse is not light enough, melt the mixture again, add some water, and whisk it once more. If you whisk it too much, so that it becomes grainy, this means that the foam has turned into an emulsion. In that case simply melt the mixture and whisk it again, adding nothing.
- Serve immediately, or refrigerate. Top with whipped cream if desired.
- This recipe is a Community Pick!
More Great Recipes:
Milk/Cream|Chocolate|Serves a Crowd|Make Ahead|5 Ingredients or Fewer|Mother's Day|Passover|Spring|Valentine's Day|Winter|Rosh Hashanah|Christmas


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Thursday, November 15, 2012
Preservas de la Conferencia General
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I've now completed a couple games with the new Civ V patch (v. 18.104.22.168) and feel like I can make some informed comments. Overall, I am very pleased. The game is significantly more challenging, and a number of balance tweaks were introduced that make the civilization-building process more rewarding. Obviously, there is still room to improve, but Civ V now ranks among my favorite strategy games of all time.
Some details: Prior to the patch, I had played three games to completion, two of which were on Emperor difficulty. I won all of them easily: one via culture, one via diplomacy, and one via space-race. The wartime tactical AI was atrocious and could be outmaneuvered by a single powerful horseman.
Since the new patch, I have played one game to near completion on Emperor difficulty as China. I went for a cultural victory but it became clear to me around 1900 that I was going to lose to Hiawatha, who had researched the Apollo program and was way ahead of me on tech and military.
I dialed things back a little to King difficulty and played as Russia. Definitely my most entertaining game of Civ V yet. The screenshots I include in this post come from that game. Standard map size, continents, 8 civilizations, standard game speed, no mods installed. I eventually won a space race victory but Napoleon was leading by points for the majority of the game.
Rather than bore you with an AAR, here are some of the positives I noted in these patched games:
1. AI is better at "bringing it" in warfare and stock-piling defensive troops, especially if it has a tech advantage.
In my 1st game, I mentioned that I realized in the early 20th century that I didn't have enough time to complete my 5 social policy trees before Hiawatha completed his space shuttle. So I decided to quickly research the Manhattan Project and try to disrupt his progress with an atomic attack. As soon as I declared war and lined his border with my troops, he responded swiftly and strongly. He had a large military advantage at that point in the game, and within 10 turns he had already conquered one of my cities and was marching towards my capital. Nuking him had little effect.
2. AI tactical military decisions have improved.
A couple things I noted here. First, when attacking AI cities, it knows to focus its bombardment and counterattacks vs. your siege units. Second, if it has researched Flight, expect to be air-bombarded constantly while in its territory. Third, it is making better decisions about whom to attack with what unit. For example, in my 2nd game as the Russians, I rushed to knights before attacking the Ottomans to my south. After I invaded, I noticed he had a number of pikemen defending his cities and he used them quite effectively against my knights. My longswordsmen and siege units were much more important in victory than my knights. The screenshot below shows him defending one of his cities with a pikemen poised to attack an incoming knight, and a knight ready to charge against a siege unit. Fairly clever.
3. Unit promotions don't occur until the turn after the unit earns the XP.
This is a welcome change, since previously you would almost always heal your units, making it very difficult for the AI to kill off your wounded.
4. Mounted units and tanks get penalties vs. cities.
I love this change, since it really forces you to research and produce infantry and siege units to support your cavalry and tanks. You can't simply horse-rush an opponent anymore - their cities will hold you off indefinitely (especially with the improved city-healing).
5. Diplomacy is improved, but still a little wonky.
I like how the AI's now reveal why they feel a certain way about you (see screenshot below). And it is possible, albeit challenging, to maintain positive relationships with your neighbors for long periods of time. Denouncements throw an interesting twist into the game. In my game playing as Russia, I was denounced by the Persians because I founded a city too close to their borders after promising them I wouldn't. This ruined my relations with the Ottomans, who previously held a neutral attitude towards me. This made it so that I couldn't effectively trade my luxury resources early in the game (since these were the only 2 civs I was in contact with), which made happiness and cash accumulation very difficult. I really enjoyed this challenge, right when my empire was poised to blossom.
There are times when the AI will denounce you for reasons you can't understand, and it can be quite difficult (and therefore frustrating) to repair relationships over the centuries. Given that there must be a rule "under the hood" that the AI is following to determine its denouncement, I suppose I'd appreciate even more feedback regarding their reasons. For example, India might denounce me not because of anything I specifically did to them, but because they've been bribed to do so by another civilization. From my standpoint, it appears random - but it would be useful if India said something like, "Some of my allies have convinced me that your foreign policies are threatening to world safety."
6. AI's seem better at managing their economies.
This allows them to engage in far more research agreements, which they will spam across the entire game. If you don't pay attention, you'll fall behind in the tech race quickly because of this. After taking over a number of enemy cities (and puppeting them), I noticed that most AI governors were set to maximize cash. If this is the case across the board, it's slightly problematic - since at least one or two cities should be specialized for production.
In both games, I encountered civilizations that had acquired massive fortunes. See Napoleon's screenshot below. I suspect this money is being accrued via conquest and then raping enemies in peace treaties - a game mechanic players have been known to abuse as well. This again suggests that the AI is "doing well" in some respects but it also indicates that the AI doesn't know how to spend its surplus. With this much money, it should be very easy to pay off every city-state in the world and win a diplomatic victory - or insta-purchase dozens of science buildings for an unstoppable tech advancement.
However, I didn't get the sense that Napoleon was going for that. He had conquered most of the world, and was far ahead of me in points. It was the 20th century and I had researched the Apollo program. I assumed he was going for a military victory, and he was within reach since only he and I had not yet lost our capitals (see screenshot below).
If he had sent his entire military strength against me, he could have crushed me in the late 19th century. However, I was across the ocean and the AI still seems very hesitant to engage in wars on different continents. Also, I believe he could have researched the United Nations, payed off every city-state, and won a diplomatic victory before I finished my 1st spaceship part. But he just sat there, threatening me, until I won the game. This was the most dissatisfying aspect of the game, and indicates that additional work needs to be done on intercontinental invasion AI.
7. Some random notes.
I like how science production is now more dependent on the size of your cities, making larger cities more valuable. Also, it's probably a good thing that libraries don't have a specialist slot anymore, since Great Scientists are very powerful in the early game.
I love the idea of a revolt happening when your happiness dips to -20, but I doubt that's ever going to happen to me or the AI's. I think this should be tweaked to something much more threatening, like -5.
I'm not sure how I feel about not being able to defer social policies. Previously, it was an interesting instant vs. delayed gratification choice. Do I take the bonus to happiness now, or stockpile and wait until the Renaissance to burst my way through the Rationalism tree? The biggest advantage I can see to the new system is that now we (the player) are forced to behave like the AI's, since they never seemed to weigh the advantages of stockpiling. Regardless, the option can be changed in the set-up menu if you prefer the older system.
The AI is engaging in a bit too much ICS, settling small cities in inappropriate locations.
Overall, as I said, I'm very pleased. I find it interesting to read the various forums, on 2K and Steam, and hear so many people complain about so many different "stupid" things the AI's are doing. You begin to realize that individuals are having greatly varying experiences: for some, the AI's are overly aggressive and don't leave you alone - for others, the AI's are too passive and allow cultural victories without nary an invasion. Such variety, I suspect, is suggestive of a deep, complex, and highly replayable game. I look forward to subsequent patches, some creative mods (Dune Wars for Civ V please!), and big expansions.


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