text:
University of Texas at Austin
|The University of Texas at Austin
|Disciplina praesidium civitatis (Latin)
|Motto in English
|Cultivated mind is the guardian genius of democracy.[1]
|September 15, 1883
Flagship state university
Space-grant university
|US$6.0 billion[2]
|William C. Powers, Jr.
|Gregory Fenves
|Academic staff
|3,018 [3]
|Admin. staff
|Austin, Texas, USA
|Urban, 423.5 acres (1.714 km2)
|Former names
The University of Texas
|The Daily Texan
|Burnt orange and white[6] [7]
|NCAA Division I – Big 12
|18 varsity teams
|Bevo & Hook 'em
The University of Texas at Austin (informally UT Austin, UT, University of Texas,[8] or simply Texas[9] ) is a state research university and the flagship institution of The University of Texas System.[10] Founded in 1883 as "The University of Texas," its campus is located in Austin—approximately 1 mile (1,600 m) from the Texas State Capitol. The institution has the fifth-largest single-campus enrollment in the nation, with over 50,000 undergraduate and graduate students and over 24,000 faculty and staff.[11] The university has been labeled one of the "Public Ivies," a publicly funded university considered as providing a quality of education comparable to those of the Ivy League.[12][13]
UT Austin was inducted into the American Association of Universities in 1929, and it is a major center for academic research, with research expenditures exceeding $640 million for the 2009–2010 school year. The university houses seven museums and seventeen libraries, including the Lyndon Baines Johnson Library and Museum and the Blanton Museum of Art, and operates various auxiliary research facilities, such as the J. J. Pickle Research Campus and the McDonald Observatory. Among university faculty are recipients of the Nobel Prize, Pulitzer Prize, the Wolf Prize, and the National Medal of Science, as well as many other awards.
UT Austin student athletes compete as the Texas Longhorns and are members of the Big 12 Conference. The university has won four NCAA Division I National Football Championships, and has claimed more titles in men's and women's sports than any other school in the Big 12 since the league was founded in 1996. Current and former UT Austin athletes have won 130 Olympic medals, including 14 in Beijing in 2008 and 13 in London in 2012. The university was recognized by Sports Illustrated as "America's Best Sports College" in 2002.[14]
History 1
- Establishment 1.1
- Expansion and growth 1.2
- 1966 shooting spree 1.3
- Recent history 1.4
- Campus 2
Organization and administration 3
- Colleges and schools 3.1
Academics 4
- Admission 4.1
- Rankings 4.2
Research 5
- Endowment 5.1
Student life 6
- Student profile 6.1
- Residential life 6.2
- Student organizations 6.3
- Greek life 6.4
- Media 6.5
- Traditions 6.6
Athletics 7
- Varsity sports 7.1
People 8
- Faculty 8.1
- Alumni 8.2
- Keene Prize for Literature 9
- See also 10
- References 11
- External links 12
The first mention of a public university in Texas can be traced to the 1827 constitution for the Mexican state of Coahuila y Tejas. Although an article promised to establish public education in the arts and sciences, no action was taken by the Mexican government. But after Texas obtained its independence from Mexico in 1836, the Congress of Texas adopted the Constitution of the Republic, which included a provision to establish public education in the republic, including two universities or colleges. On January 26, 1839, the Congress of Texas agreed to eventually set aside fifty leagues of land towards the effort; in addition, 40 acres (160,000 m2) in the new capital of Austin were reserved and designated "College Hill."[15] (The term "Forty Acres" is colloquially used to refer to the University as a whole.)
In 1845, Texas was annexed into the United States of America. The state legislature passed the Act of 1858, which set aside $100,000 in United States bonds towards construction of a university. In addition, the legislature designated land, previously reserved for the encouragement of railroad construction, toward the universities' fifty leagues. But Texas's secession from the Union and the American Civil War prevented further action on these plans.
After the war, the 1862 Morrill Act facilitated the creation of what is now Texas A&M University, which was established in 1876 as the Agricultural & Mechanical College of Texas.[15] The Texas Constitution of 1876 mandated that the state establish a university "at an early day," calling for the creation of a "university of the first class," styled "The University of Texas." It revoked the endowment of the railroad lands of the Act of 1858 but appropriated 1,000,000 acres (4,000 km2) in West Texas. In 1883, another two million were granted, with income from the sale of land and grazing rights going to The University of Texas and Texas A&M.[15]
In 1881, Austin was chosen as the site of the main university, and Galveston was designated the location of the medical department. On the original "College Hill," an official ceremony began construction on what is now referred to as the Old Main building in late 1882. The university opened its doors on September 15, 1883.
Expansion and growth
The old Victorian-Gothic Main Building served as the central point of the campus's 40-acre (160,000 m2) site, and was used for nearly all purposes. But by the 1930s, discussions arose about the need for new library space, and the Main Building was razed in 1934 over the objections of many students and faculty. The modern-day tower and Main Building were constructed in its place.
In 1910, Colorado River to the university . A vote by the regents to move the campus to the donated land was met with outrage, and the land has only been used for auxiliary purposes such as graduate student housing. Part of the tract was sold in the late-1990s for luxury housing, and there are controversial proposals to sell the remainder of the tract. The Brackenridge Field Laboratory was established on 82 acres (330,000 m2) of the land in 1967.
As a result of the controversy, in 1921, the legislature appropriated $1,350,000 for the purchase of land adjacent to the main campus. But expansion was hampered by the constitutional restriction against funding the construction of buildings. With the discovery of oil on university-owned grounds in 1923, the institution was able to put its new wealth towards its general endowment fund. These savings allowed the passing of amendments to make way for bond issues in 1931 and 1947, with the latter expansion necessary from the spike in enrollment following World War II. The university built 19 permanent structures between 1950 and 1965, when it was given the right of eminent domain. With this power, the university purchased additional properties surrounding the original 40 acres (160,000 m2).
During World War II, the University of Texas was one of 131 colleges and universities nationally that took part in the V-12 Navy College Training Program which offered students a path to a Navy commission.[16] UT Austin was inducted into the American Association of Universities in 1929,[17]
1966 shooting spree
On August 1, 1966, Texas student Charles Whitman barricaded the observation deck in the tower of the Main Building. With two rifles, a sawed-off shotgun, and various other weapons, he killed a total of 14 people on campus, 11 from the observation deck and below the clocks on the tower, and three more in the tower, as well as wounding two more inside the observation deck. The massacre ended after Whitman was shot and killed by police after they breached the tower. Prior to the massacre, Whitman had killed his mother and his wife. Whitman had been a patient at the University Health Center, and on March 29, preceding the shootings, had conveyed to psychiatrist Maurice Heatley his feelings of overwhelming hostilities and that he was thinking about "going up on the tower with a deer rifle and start shooting people."[18]
Following the Whitman event, the observation deck was closed until 1968, and then closed again in 1975 following a series of suicide jumps during the 1970s. In 1999, after installation of security fencing and other safety precautions, the tower observation deck reopened to the public. There is a turtle pond park near the tower dedicated to all of those affected by the tragedy.
Recent history
The first presidential library on a university campus was dedicated on May 22, 1971 with former President Johnson, Lady Bird Johnson and then-President Richard Nixon in attendance. Constructed on the eastern side of the main campus, the Lyndon Baines Johnson Library and Museum is one of 13 presidential libraries administered by the National Archives and Records Administration.
The University of Texas at Austin has experienced a wave of new construction recently with several significant buildings. On April 30, 2006, the school opened the Blanton Museum of Art.[19] In August 2008, the AT&T Executive Education and Conference Center opened, with the hotel and conference center forming part of a new gateway to the university. Also in 2008, Darrell K Royal-Texas Memorial Stadium was expanded to a seating capacity of 100,119, making it the largest stadium (by capacity) in the state of Texas at the time, now surpassed by Cowboy Stadium.[20]
On the morning of September 28, 2010, 19-year-old Colton Tooley opened fire on campus with an AK-47 semi-automatic rifle, resulting in a lockdown of the university campus. He then walked into the Perry–Castañeda Library and committed suicide.[21]
On January 19, 2011, the university announced the creation of a 24-hour television network in partnership with ESPN, dubbed the Longhorn Network. ESPN will pay a $300 million guaranteed rights fee over 20 years to the university and to IMG College, UT Austin's multimedia rights partner. The network covers the university's intercollegiate athletics, music, cultural arts and academics programs. The channel first aired in September 2011.[22]
The University's property totals 1,438.5 acres (582.1 ha), comprising the 423.5 acres (171.4 ha) for the Main Campus in central Austin and the J. J. Pickle Research Campus in north Austin and the other properties throughout Texas. The main campus has 150 buildings totalling over 18,000,000 square feet (1,700,000 m2).
One of the University's most visible features is the Beaux-Arts Main Building, including a 307-foot (94 m) tower designed by Paul Philippe Cret.[23] Completed in 1937, the Main Building is in the middle of campus. The tower usually appears illuminated in white light in the evening but is lit orange for various special occasions, including athletic victories and academic accomplishments; it is conversely darkened for solemn occasions.[24] At the top of the tower is a carillon of 56 bells, the largest in Texas. Songs are played on weekdays by student carillonneurs, in addition to the usual pealing of Westminster Quarters every quarter hour between 6 am and 9 pm[25] In 1998, after the installation of security and safety measures, the observation deck reopened to the public indefinitely for weekend tours.[26]
The university's seven museums and seventeen libraries hold over nine million volumes, making it the seventh-largest academic library in the country.[27] The holdings of the university's Harry Ransom Humanities Research Center include one of only 21 remaining complete copies of the Gutenberg Bible and the first permanent photograph, View from the Window at Le Gras, taken by Nicéphore Niépce.[28] The newest museum, the 155,000-square-foot (14,400 m2) Blanton Museum of Art, is the largest university art museum in the United States and hosts approximately 17,000 works from Europe, the United States, and Latin America.[29][30]
The University of Texas at Austin has an extensive underground tunnel system that links all of the buildings on campus. Constructed in the 1930s under the supervision of creator Carl Eckhardt, then head of the physical plant, the tunnels have grown along with the university campus. They currently measure approximately six miles in total length.[31][32] The tunnel system is used for communications and utility service. It is closed to the public and is guarded by silent alarms. Since the late 1940s the university has generated its own electricity. Today its natural gas cogeneration plant has a capacity of 123 MW. The university also operates a TRIGA nuclear reactor at the J. J. Pickle Research Campus.[33][33][34]
The university continues to expand its facilities on campus. In 2010, the university opened the state-of-the-art Norman Hackerman building (on the location of the former Experimental Sciences Building) housing chemistry and biology research and teaching laboratories. In 2010, the university broke ground on the $120 million Bill & Melinda Gates Computer Science Complex and Dell Computer Science Hall and the $51 million Belo Center for New Media, both of which are now complete.[35][36] The new LEED gold-certified, 110,000-square-foot (10,000 m2) Student Activity Center (SAC) opened in January 2011, housing study rooms, lounges and food vendors. The SAC was constructed as a result of a student referendum passed in 2006 which raised student fees by $65 per semester.[37] In 2012 the Moody Foundation awarded the College of Communication with $50 million making it the largest endowment any communication college has received, so naming it the Moody College of Communication.
The university operates two public radio stations, KUT with news and information, and KUTX with music, via local FM broadcasts as well as live streaming audio over the Internet. The university uses Capital Metro to provide bus transportation for students around the campus and throughout Austin.
Organization and administration
Colleges and schoolsThe university contains eighteen colleges & schools and one academic unit, each listed with its founding date:[38]
The University of Texas at Austin offers more than 100 undergraduate and 170 graduate degrees. In the 2009–2010 academic year, the university awarded a total of 13,215 degrees: 67.7% bachelor's degrees, 22.0% master's degrees, 6.4% doctoral degrees, and 3.9% Professional degrees.[39]
In addition, the university has eight honors programs that span a variety of academic fields: Liberal Arts Honors, the Business Honors Program, the Turing Scholars Program in Computer Science, Engineering Honors, the Dean's Scholars Program in Natural Sciences, the Health Science Scholars Program in Natural Sciences, the Polymathic Scholars Program in Natural Sciences, and the interdisciplinary Plan II Honors program. The university also offers innovative programs for promoting academic excellence and leadership development such as the Freshman Research Initiative and Texas Interdisciplinary Plan.
As a state public university, The University of Texas at Austin was, until recently, subject to Texas House Bill 588, which guarantees graduating Texas high school seniors in the top 10% of their class admission to any public Texas university. A new state law granting UT (but no other state university) a partial exemption from the top 10% rule, Senate Bill 175, was passed by the 81st Legislature in 2009. It modifies this admissions policy by limiting automatically admitted freshmen to 75% of the entering in-state freshman class, starting in 2011. The university will admit the top one percent, the top two percent and so forth until the cap is reached; the university expects to automatically admit students in the top 8% of their graduating class for 2011.[40] Furthermore, students admitted under Texas House Bill 588 are not guaranteed their choice of college or major, but rather only guaranteed admission to the university as a whole. Many colleges, such as the Cockrell School of Engineering, have secondary requirements that must be met for admission.[41]
For others who go through the traditional application process, selectivity is deemed "more selective" according to the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching and by US News & World Report.[42][43] For Fall 2009, 31,362 applied and 45.6% were accepted, and of those accepted, 51.0% enrolled.[44] The university's freshman retention rate in 2009 was 92.5% and the six-year graduation rate was 81.0%.[44] The Fall 2011 entering class had an average ACT composite score of 28 and an average SAT composite score of 1858.[4][45]
Relative to other universities in the state of Texas, UT Austin is the second only to Rice University in selectivity according to a Business Journal study weighting by acceptance rate and the 25th/75th percentile of admissions tests such as SAT and ACT. UT Austin was also ranked as the 18th most selective in the South.[46]
|University rankings
|U.S. News & World Report[49]
|Washington Monthly[50]
UT Austin is consistently ranked as one of the top public universities in the country, with highly prestigious programs in a variety of fields. Nationally, UT Austin ranked 45th amongst all universities according to U.S. News and World Report,[54] and tied for 13th place among public universities in 2011.[55] The University of Texas School of Architecture was ranked second among national undergraduate programs in 2012.[56] Additionally, the McCombs School of Business was ranked seventh among undergraduate business programs in 2013,[57] and the Cockrell School of Engineering was ranked ninth among undergraduate engineering programs in 2009.[58] Internationally, UT Austin was ranked 67th in the "World's Best Universities" ranking presented by U.S. News and World Report,[59] and 35th in the world by Shanghai Jiao Tong University,[60] based on factors such as Nobel laureate affiliation and number of highly cited researchers. In 2009, The Economist ranked the school 49th worldwide.[61] In 2013 London-based Times Higher Education ranked the university 25th in the world,[62] while Human Resources & Labor Review ranked the university 42nd and QS' "World University Rankings" ranked the university 68th internationally.[63]
UT Austin is considered to be a "Public Ivy" – a public university that provides an Ivy League collegiate experience at a public school price, having been ranked in virtually every list of "Public Ivies" since Richard Moll coined the term in his 1985 book Public Ivies: A Guide to America's best public undergraduate colleges and universities. The seven other "Public Ivy" universities, according to Moll, were The College of William & Mary, Miami University, The University of California, The University of Michigan, The University of North Carolina, The University of Vermont, and The University of Virginia.[64]
As of 2013, U.S. News and World Report ranked the Accounting and Latin American History programs as the top in the nation. Additionally, more than 50 other science, humanities and professional programs rank in the top 25 nationally, according to U.S. News & World Report's latest edition of "Best Graduate Schools."[65] The University of Texas College of Education and College of Pharmacy are each the fourth best in the nation in their fields (with Education ranking first among public universities for the third year in a row and also number one in research expeditures). And the School of Information (iSchool) is sixth best in Library and Information Sciences.[65] Among other overall school rankings, the Cockrell School of Engineering is 11th best (sixth among publics). The McCombs School of Business is 17th best (fifth among publics). The Lyndon B. Johnson School of Public Affairs remains at No. 16, the Jackson School of Geosciences remains at No. 9 for Earth Sciences, and the School of Social Work remains at No. 7.[65] The University of Texas School of Law climbed one place in the rankings, to No. 15 in the nation (fourth among publics).[65]
- Use mdy dates from April 2012
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- Articles with unsourced statements from February 2014
- Articles with unsourced statements from May 2009
- All articles with dead external links
- Articles with dead external links from September 2010
- Commons category with local link same as on Wikidata
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- Association of American Universities
- Coordinates on Wikidata
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- Universities and colleges in Austin, Texas
- Educational institutions established in 1883
- Oak Ridge Associated Universities
- Universities and colleges accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools
- University of Texas at Austin
- Visitor attractions in Austin, Texas
- Flagship universities in the United States
- Official website
- Official Athletics website
- University of Texas at Austin from the Handbook of Texas Online
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- ^ As required by the Texas Constitution [2], the University of Texas System gets two-thirds of the Available University Fund, the annual distribution of PUF income. A regental policy [3] requires that at least 45 percent of this money go to the university for "program enrichment." By taking two-thirds and multiplying it by 45 percent, we get 30 percent which is the minimum amount of AUF income that can be distributed to the school under current policies. The Regents, however, can and do decide to allocate additional amounts to the university. Also, the majority of the University of Texas system share of the AUF is used for its debt service bonds, some of which were issued for the benefit of the Austin campus [4]. One should note that the Regents are free to change the 45 percent minimum of the University of Texas System share going to the Austin campus at any time, although doing so might be difficult politically.
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- ^ "Contributions in Space: Past and Present - Cockrell School of Engineering". Engr.utexas.edu. Retrieved 2014-12-02.
- ^ "Janis Joplin bio". Janis Joplin Estate. Retrieved June 19, 2008.
- ^ "Jayne Mansfield".
- ^ a b "Burnie Burns Kicks Off Mass Comm Week". The University Star. 2011-10-18. Retrieved 2014-01-26.
- ^ "Clemens bio". The Roger Clemens Foundation. Retrieved July 30, 2008.
- ^ "Crocker bio". Team USA. Retrieved July 30, 2008.
- ^ "Richards bio". SanyaRichards.net. Retrieved July 30, 2008.
- ^ "Retton bio". About.com. Retrieved July 30, 2008.
- ^ Hendrix, Steve (May 4, 2011). "Adm. William McRaven: The terrorist hunter on whose shoulders Osama bin Laden raid rested". The Washington Post. Retrieved May 13, 2011.
- ^ a b "College of Liberal Arts Awards Keene Prize for Literature to Michener Center Graduate Student". University of Texas at Austin. May 1, 2014. Retrieved May 2, 2014.
- List of University of Texas at Austin presidents
- Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences
- ArchNet — A joint project between the university and MIT on Islamic architecture
- University of Texas Elementary School
- Cactus Cafe
See also
The Keene Prize for Literature is a student literary award given by the University. With a prize of $50,000 it claims to be "one of the world's largest student literary prizes".[144] An additional $50,000 is split between three finalists. The purpose of the award is to "help maintain the university's status as a premier location for emerging writers", and to recognize the winners and their works.[144] The prize was established in 2006, in the College of Liberal Arts. It is named after E. L. Keene, a 1942 graduate of the university.
Keene Prize for Literature
Other notable alumni include prominent businessman Operation Neptune's Spear, the special ops raid that led to the death of Osama bin Laden.[143]
Many alumni have found success in professional sports. Legendary pro football coach Tom Landry '49 attended the university as an industrial engineering major but interrupted his education after a semester to serve in the United States Army Air Corps during World War II. Following the war, he returned to the university and played fullback and defensive back on the Longhorns' bowl-game winners on New Year's Day of 1948 and 1949. Seven-time Cy Young Award-winner Roger Clemens entered the MLB after helping the Longhorns win the 1983 College World Series.[139] Three-time NBA scoring champion Kevin Durant entered the 2007 NBA Draft and was selected second overall behind Greg Oden, after sweeping National Player of the Year honors, becoming the first freshman to win any of the awards. After becoming became the first freshman in school history to lead Texas in scoring and being named the Big 12 Freshman of the Year, Daniel Gibson entered the 2006 NBA Draft and was selected in the second round by the Cleveland Cavaliers. Several Olympic medalists have also attended the school, including 2008 Summer Olympics athletes Ian Crocker '05 (swimming world record holder and two-time Olympic gold medalist) and 4x400m relay defending Olympic gold medalist Sanya Richards '06.[140][141] Mary Lou Retton (the first female gymnast outside Eastern Europe to win the Olympic all-around title, five-time Olympic medalist, and 1984 Sports Illustrated Sportswoman of the Year) also attended the university.[142] Also an alumnus is Dr. Robert Cade, the inventor of the sport drink Gatorade. In big, global philanthropy, the university is honored by Darren Walker, president of Ford Foundation.
Several musicians and entertainers attended the University, though most dropped out to pursue their respective careers. Janis Joplin, the American singer who was posthumously inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and who received a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award attended the university,[136] as did February 1955 Playboy Playmate of the Month and Golden Globe recipient Jayne Mansfield.[137] Composer Harold Morris is a 1910 graduate. Noted film director, cinematographer, writer, and editor Robert Rodriguez is a Longhorn, as are actors Eli Wallach and Matthew McConaughey. Rodriguez dropped out of the university after two years to pursue his career in Hollywood, but he officially completed his degree from the Radio-Television-Film department on May 23, 2009. Rodriguez also gave the keynote address at the university-wide commencement ceremony. Radio-Television-Film alumni Mark Dennis and Ben Foster took their award winning feature film, Strings, to the American film festival circuit in 2011. Web and television actress Felicia Day and film actress Renée Zellweger also attended the university. Day graduated with dual degrees in music performance (violin) and mathematics, while Zellweger graduated with a BA in English. Writer, recording artist Phillip Sandifer attended the university and graduated with a degree in History. Michael "Burnie" Burns is an actor, writer, film director and film producer, graduated from the University of Texas with a degree in Computer Science.[138] He, along with another UT graduate Matt Hullum,[138] also founded the Austin-based production company Rooster Teeth, producing many hit shows including the multi-award wining internet series, Red vs. Blue. Farrah Fawcett, one of the original Charlie's Angels, left after her junior year to pursue a modeling career. Actor Owen Wilson and writer/director Wes Anderson each attended the university. There they wrote Bottle Rocket together which became Anderson's first feature film. Another notable writer, Rob Thomas graduated with a BA in History in 1987 and went on to write the young adult novel Rats Saw God and created the series Veronica Mars. Notable illustrator, writer and alum, Felicia Bond, is best known for her illustrations in the If You Give... children's books series, starting with If You Give a Mouse a Cookie. Chinese singer-songwriter, producer, actress Cindy Yen (birth name Cindy Wu) graduated with double degrees in Music (piano performance) and Broadcast Journalism in 2008. Noted composer and arranger Jack Cooper received his D.M.A. in 1999 from UT Austin in composition and has gone onto teach in higher education and become well known internationally through the music publishing industry.
UT Alumni also include 28 Rhodes Scholars,[132] 26 Truman Scholars,[133] 20 Marshall Scholars,[134] and nine Astronauts.[135]
In literature and journalism, the school boasts 20 Wallace Clift ('49) and Jean Dalby Clift ('50, J.D. '52), authors of several books in the fields of psychology of religion and spiritual growth. Alireza Jafarzadeh the author of "The Iran Threat: President Ahmadinejad and the Coming Nuclear Crisis" and television commentator ('82, MS)
Alumni in academia include the 26th President of The College of William & Mary Gene Nichol '76, the 10th President of Boston University Robert A. Brown '73 & '75,[130] and the 8th President of the University of Southern California John R. Hubbard. The University also graduated Alan Bean '55, the fourth man to walk on the Moon. Additionally, alumni who have served as business leaders include ExxonMobil Corporation CEO Rex Tillerson '75, Dell founder and CEO Michael Dell, and Gary C. Kelly, Southwest Airlines's CEO.
At least 15 graduates have served in the U.S. Senate and U.S. House of Representatives, such as Lloyd Bentsen '42, who served as both a U.S. Senator and U.S. Representative, as well as being the 1988 Democratic Party Vice Presidential nominee.[126] Presidential cabinet members include former United States Secretary of State James Baker '57,[127] former United States Secretary of Education William J. Bennett, and former United States Secretary of Commerce Donald Evans '73. Former First Lady Laura Bush '73 and daughter Jenna '04 both graduated from Texas,[128] as well as former First Lady Lady Bird Johnson '33 & '34 and her eldest daughter Lynda. In foreign governments, the university has been represented by Fernando Belaúnde Terry '36 (42nd President of Peru), Mostafa Chamran (former Minister of Defense for Iran),[129] and Abdullah al-Tariki (co-founder of OPEC). Additionally, the Prime Minister of the Palestinian National Authority, Salam Fayyad, graduated from the university with a PhD in economics. Tom C. Clark, J.D. '22, served as United States Attorney General from 1945 to 1949 and as an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from 1949 to 1967.
The Alcalde, founded in 1913 and pronounced "all-call-day," is the university's alumni magazine.
In the Fall of 2009, the school employed 2,770 full-time faculty members (88.3% of whom hold the terminal degree in their field), with a student-to-faculty ratio of 17.3 to 1.[44] The university's faculty includes 63 members of the National Academy,[124] winners of the Nobel Prize, the Pulitzer Prize, the National Medal of Science, the National Medal of Technology, the Turing Award and other various awards.[125] Nine Nobel Laureates are or have been affiliated with UT Austin. Research expenditures for UT Austin exceeded $640 million for the 2009–2010 school year.[71]
Additionally, the University's highly successful men's and women's swimming and diving teams lay claim to sixteen NCAA Division I titles.[122] The swim team was first developed under Coach Tex Robertson.[123] In particular, the men's team is led by Eddie Reese, who served as the head men's coach at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona, the 2004 Games in Athens and the 2008 Games in Beijing.
The University's baseball team is one of the nation's best. It has made more trips to the College World Series (35) than any other school, and it posted wins in 1949, 1950, 1975, 1983, 2002, and 2005.[121]
In recent years, the men's basketball team has gained prominence, advancing to the NCAA Tournament Sweet Sixteen in 2002, the Final Four in 2003, the Sweet Sixteen in 2004, and the Elite Eight in 2006 and 2008.
The University of Texas has traditionally been considered a college football powerhouse.[117][118][119] At the start of the 2007 season, the Longhorns were ranked third in the all-time list of both total wins and winning percentage.[120] The team experienced its greatest success under coach Darrell Royal, winning three national championships in 1963, 1969, and 1970. It won a fourth title under head coach Mack Brown in 2005 after a 41–38 victory over previously undefeated Southern California in the 2006 Rose Bowl.
The University's men's and women's athletics teams are nicknamed the Longhorns. A charter member of the Southwest Conference until it dissolved in 1996, Texas now competes in the Big 12 Conference of the NCAA's Division I-FBS. Texas has won 50 total national championships,[115] 42 of which are NCAA national championships.[116]
Varsity sports
The University of Texas offers a wide variety of varsity and intramural sports programs. As of 2008, the university's athletics program ranked fifth in the nation among Division I schools according to the National Association of Collegiate Directors of Athletics.[111] Due to the breadth of sports offered and the quality of the programs, Texas was selected as "America's Best Sports College" in a 2002 analysis by Sports Illustrated.[112] Texas was also listed as the number one Collegiate Licensing Company client for the second consecutive year in regards to the amount of annual trademark royalties received from fan merchandise sales. But this ranking is based only on clients of the Collegiate Licensing Company, which does not handle licensing for approximately three-dozen large schools including Ohio State, USC, UCLA, Michigan State, and Texas A&M.[113][114]
Traditions at the University of Texas are perpetuated through several school symbols and mediums. At athletic events, students frequently sing "Texas Fight", the university's fight song while displaying the Hook 'em Horns hand gesture—the gesture mimicking the horns of the school's mascot, Bevo the Texas longhorn.
The Computer Writing and Research Lab of the university's Department of Rhetoric and Writing also hosts the Blogora, a blog for "connecting rhetoric, rhetorical methods and theories, and rhetoricians with public life" by the Rhetoric Society of America.[110]
Students express their opinions in and out of class through periodicals including Study Breaks Magazine, Longhorn Life, The Daily Texan (the most award-winning daily college newspaper in the United States),[109] and the Texas Travesty. Over the airwaves students' voices are heard through Texas Student Television (K29HW-D) and KVRX Radio.
neighborhood. West Campus in the Drag Most Greek houses are west of the [108].service According to the Office of the Dean of Students' mission statement, Greek life promotes cultural appreciation, scholarship, leadership, and [107] These chapters are under the authority of one of the school's six Greek council communities, [105] With more than 65 national chapters, the university's Greek community is one of the nation's largest.[105] The University of Texas at Austin is home to an active Greek community. Approximately 14 percent of undergraduate students are in fraternities or sororities.
Greek life
[104] The [102] The University Unions Student Events Center serves as the hub for student activities on campus.[101] and the Graduate Student Assembly represents graduate student interests.[100] The Senate of College Councils represents students in academic affairs and coordinates the college councils,[99] In addition, it supports three official student governance organizations that represent student interests to faculty, administrators, and the Texas Legislature. Student Government, established in 1902, is the oldest governance organization and represents student interests in general.[98] The university recognizes more than 1,000 student organizations.
Student organizations
[97] [95] The campus is currently home to fourteen residence halls, the newest of which opened for residence in Spring 2007. On-campus housing can hold more than 7,100 students.
Residential life
|U.S. Census
|African American
|Asian American
|Non-Hispanic White
|Hispanic American
|Native American
For Fall 2011, the university enrolled 38,437 undergraduate, 11,497 graduate and 1,178 law students.[91] Out-of-state and international students comprised 9.1% of the undergraduate student body and 20.1% of the total student body, with students from all 50 states and more than 120 foreign countries—most notably, the Republic of Korea, followed by the People's Republic of China, India, Mexico and Taiwan.[92] For Fall 2010, the undergraduate student body was 48.7% male and 51.3% female.[91] The three largest undergraduate majors in 2009 were Biological Sciences, Unspecified Business, and Psychology, while the three largest graduate majors were Business Administration (MBA), Electrical and Computer Engineering, and Pharmacy (PharmD).[92]
Student profile
Student life
Thirty percent of the university's endowment comes from Permanent University Fund (PUF), with nearly $15 billion in assets as of 2007.[89][90] Proceeds from lands appropriated in 1839 and 1876, as well as oil monies, comprise the majority of PUF. At one time, the PUF was the chief source of income for Texas' two university systems, The University of Texas System and the Texas A&M University System; today, however, its revenues account for less than 10 percent of the universities' annual budgets. This has challenged the universities to increase sponsored research and private donations. Privately funded endowments contribute over $2 billion to the University's total endowment value.
The university has an endowment of $7.2 billion, out of the $16.11 billion (according to 2008 estimates) available to the University of Texas System. This figure reflects the fact that the school has the largest endowment of any public university in the nation.
In 2013, UT Austin announced the naming of the O'Donnell Building for Applied Computational Engineering and Sciences. The O'Donnell Foundation of Dallas, headed by Peter O'Donnell and his wife, Edith Jones O'Donnell, has given more than $135 million to UT Austin alone between 1983 and 2013. UT Austin President William C. Powers declared the O'Donnells "among the greatest supporters of the University of Texas in its 130-year history. Their transformative generosity is based on the belief in our power to change society for the better."[87] In 2008, O'Donnell pledged $18 million to finance the hiring of UT Austin faculty members undertaking research in the use of mathematics, computers, and multiple scientific disciplines; his pledge was matched by W. A. "Tex" Moncrief, Jr., a oilman and philanthropist from Fort Worth.[88]
The Center for Transportation Research UT Austin is a nationally recognized research institution focusing on transportation research, education, and public service. Established in 1963 as the Center for Highway Research, its current and ongoing projects address virtually all aspects of transportation, including economics, multimodal systems, traffic congestion relief, transportation policy, materials, structures, transit, environmental impacts, driver behavior, land use, geometric design, accessibility, and pavements.[86]
Founded in 1946, UT Austin's Applied Research Laboratories at the PRC has been responsible for the development or testing of the vast majority of high-frequency sonar equipment used by the Navy, and in 2007, was granted a research contract by the Navy funded up to $928 million over ten years.[84][85] The Institute for Advanced Technology, founded in 1990 and located in the West Pickle Research Building, supports the U.S. Army with basic and applied research in several fields.
UT Austin operates several major auxiliary research centers. The world's third-largest telescope, the Hobby–Eberly Telescope, and three other large telescopes are part of UT Austin's McDonald Observatory, 450 miles (720 km) west of Austin.[80][81] The university manages nearly 300 acres (1.2 km2) of biological field laboratories, including the Brackenridge Field Laboratory in Austin. The Center for Agile Technology focuses on software development challenges.[82] The J.J. Pickle Research Campus (PRC) is home to the Texas Advanced Computing Center which operates the Ranger supercomputer, one of the most powerful supercomputers in the world,[83] as well as the Microelectronics Research Center which houses micro- and nanoelectronics research and features a 15,000 square foot (1,400 m2) cleanroom for device fabrication.
UT Austin opened the $100 million Dell Pediatric Research Institute in 2010 as part of an effort to increase medical research at the university and establish a medical research complex, and associated medical school, in the city of Austin.[78][79]
While the university does have a medical school, it houses medical programs associated with other campuses and allied health professional programs, as well as major research programs in pharmacy, biomedical engineering, neuroscience, and others. [77] water purification membranes, among others. In 2009, UT Austin founded the Energy Institute, led by former Under Secretary for Science [76] battery and solar cell technology, and geological carbon dioxide storage,[75] Energy is a major research thrust of the university, with major federally funded projects on biofuels,[74] and is a world-leading research institution in fields such as computer science.[73] Research at UT Austin is largely focused in the engineering and physical sciences,
Except for MIT, UT Austin attracts more federal research grants than any American university without a medical school.[71] For the 2009–2010 school year, the university exceeded $640 million in research funding (up from $590 million the previous year)[71] and has earned more than 300 patents since 2003.[72] UT Austin houses the Office of Technology Commercialization, a technology transfer center which serves as the bridge between laboratory research and commercial development. In 2009, UT Austin created nine new start-up companies to commercialize technology developed at the university and has created 46 start-ups in the past seven years. UT Austin license agreements generated $10.9 million in revenue for the university in 2009.[72]
[70] A 2013 College Database study found that UT was 22nd in the nation in terms of increased lifetime earnings by graduates.[69][68]


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MelanieT necesitaba un nuevo diseño de logotipo y lanzó un concurso de diseño en 99designs.
Un ganador ha sido elegido entre 87 diseños de 36 diseñadores freelance.
CorETF Portfolios
The CorETF Portfolios are easy to use investment products which invest in a diverse array of exchange-traded funds to cover over 26 of the global markets and all domestic fixed income. Their ease of use, low expense ratios, low capital gains and transparency make them a great product for many investors.
We want to establish a brand identity which we can use on marketing materials, emails, cards and on the website.
Our target audience is broad. Because there are eight different portfolios, there is one to meet the needs of investors at all stages of their lives.
Symbol: We have tried to stress the importance of a "core and satellite" approach, but have been unable to reflect this in a logo. Something along the lines of a core with an orbit of other choices would work, but we are open to creative suggestions.
Style: Clean and modern. Think: something reminiscent of an eco friendly company logo
Color: I like light green because it looks clean, but I'm open to almost anything…except brown.
Please ONLY submit Original artwork!!!
Descubre cómo funciona un concurso de diseño u obtén más información sobre nuestros servicios de diseño de logo.

subset: commoncrawl


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L'océan sous votre contrôle.
The ocean under your control.
Aviator is dedicated to perfecting the craft of coffee while building community. Our coffee is carefully selected, then hand-roasted in our roastery in the Catskills, and finally delivered daily to our three beautiful cafes in the city. Background image by jakeliefer


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LONDON, Feb. 25 (UPI) -- Those who posted alleged photographs of a man who, as a child, abducted and killed a 2-year-old, will be prosecuted, the British attorney general's office said.
Jon Venables was 10 when he and classmate Robert Thompson abducted James Bulger, 2, from a Liverpool shopping center in 1993. The boy's body was found two days later on a railroad track, and Venables and Thompson were convicted and jailed.
Venables was released in 2001 and given a new identity, but images recently appeared on Twitter claiming to show an adult Venables, the British newspaper The Mirror reported Monday.
Dame Elizabeth Butler-Sloss of Britain's High Court Family Division, in an unprecedented court order, banned the publication of any information leading to the release of Venables' or Thompson's new identities, a statement from the attorney general's office, saying, if a picture "claims to be of Venables or Thompson ... there will be a breach of the order. Providing details of the new identities ... is also prohibited. This order applies to material which is on the Internet."
The order added release of the Internet pictures means "potentially innocent individuals may be wrongly identified as being one of the two men."


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Home › Furniture › Chairs › Plastic Chairs › Only Design › Only Design Canary Pearl Blue Dining Chair with Metal Legs
The Only Design Canary Chair is a stylish and modern dining chair available in a range of both pastel and vibrant colours, perfect to match any interior style. Inspired by the original Eames 1950's DSR Chair designed by Ray and Charles Eames, which is often referred to as the Eiffel chair thanks to its modern steel base.
Our Canary Chair features a durable, moulded ABS plastic seat with a built in padded seat pad, and sturdy metal legs which are available in either a chrome of black finish. Suitable for home or commercial use, this contemporary version of the legendary DSR chair is both stylish and comfortable, with a contemporary design.
Only Home also supply a fabulous range of designer dining tables and fantastic lighting options, perfect to complete that finishing touch in any room.
Height: 82cm/Width: 49cm/Seat Height: 45cm
We accept the following payment methods: Credit cards (Visa, MasterCard, American Express), Debit cards, or BACs transfer (please contact us for bank details). Full payment is required on purchase for all items (in stock and pre-order). We don't charge extra for different methods of payment.
We are also committed to ensuring that your information is completely secure. Our website is both PCI compliant and SSL Secure.
We offer very competitive shipping rates to the UK and Europe.
UK-Mainland Deliveries
|Order Subtotal
|Delivery charge
|£0.00 - £24.99
|£25.00 - £49.99
|£7.50 (Unless otherwise stated)
|£50.00 +
For full details please see our Deliveries and Returns policy.
We aim to dispatch items which are in stock within 3-5 working days, unless otherwise specified on the product page. For Pre-orders your confirmation email will notify you of the expected dispatch date. Once dispatched you will receive details to track your order with our chosen Delivery Partner.


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7" x 5" Floating Frame
A modern Floating Style Frame, made to order from high quality wood moldings. Upload a photo of your choice, which is printed onto a lustre 260gm professional paper, and then mounted onto foam-ex board, before being glued into the custom made float-frame.
- Choice of Black, White or Beech finish
- 30mm Deep Frame
- Free standing or wall mounted
By popular request we no longer laminate our float frames, but instead supply with a plain lustre surface.
As all our float frames are made to order, please be aware there may be a 5-6 day turnaround on this product.


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The Windows Phone catalogue of big brand apps is growing with the official VoucherCodes.co.uk (www.vouchercodes.co.uk) app now available in the store. The service enables consumers to save up to 50-percent at numerous supporting restaurants, as well as savings at high street stores and deals on tourist attractions. It's a popular destination for shoppers and bargain hunters who enjoy saving a penny or two when out and about.
The VoucherCodes.co.uk app utilises an intuitive interface with an aesthetically pleasing design - it certainly screams "Windows Phone." Voucher codes can be redeemed from within the app when the smartphone is presented in-store. The VoucherCodes.co.uk app also sports location-based search, filtering through establishments that are closest to the consumer. Live Tile and push notification support is included.
Speaking of which, to get into the realm of deals and use the app on a Windows Phone, a valid and active VoucherCodes.co.uk account is required. Fear not as the app enables consumers to create accounts without using the browser. If we haven't managed to get the point across already, this app is absolutely stunning with the only issue being a slightly low quality logo on the Live Tiles, but we're sure this will be fixed in future versions.
A quick example for what can be saved with some recent deals:
- 30% off your Bill at Pizza Express
- 25% off In-Store at New Look
- Buy One Main Get Another for £1 at Prezzo
- 30% off In-Store at Gap
- 20% off at Frankie and Benny's
- 30% off In-Store at The Body Shop
Unfortunately, as noted in the store listing, the Windows Phone app only displays the "biggest and best" vouchers ready for redemption. Should consumers wish to check each and every voucher code and deal available, a trip to the official website is required since not all offers are pulled down. While we'd prefer to have the entire collection of vouchers included within the app, it's a positive start to get the app on the store with room for improvement.
You can download VoucherCodes.co.uk from the Windows Phone store. Thanks, Al_2, for the tip!
Microsoft Edge for Android is getting an updated UI with new features
Microsoft is rolling out a brand new UI experience for its Edge web browser on Android that introduces a new hub menu for quick access to things like history and sharing, as well as rounded corners in more areas of the app.
Xbox Project xCloud streaming (probably) won't destroy your data cap
As Microsoft launches its first Xbox Project xCloud game streaming trial, what does this mean for data usage?
Was your Surface Laptop 3 or Surface Pro 7 preorder delayed?
Was your Surface Laptop 3 or Surface Pro 7 preorder delayed? Let us know if yours showed up on time.
Here's what you can use to block ads on Edge
Ad blockers are a wonderful thing. They do exactly what they're supposed to: block ads when browsing the web. Here's the best for Microsoft Edge.


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Atlantic Social Map
673 Atlantic Ave.
718-623-2852 | Make Restaurant Reservations
Find Atlantic Social with this handy map to the restaurant. If you don't see a pop-up, click on the map's green arrow to get driving directions to and from Atlantic Social.
GAYOT's Annual Restaurant Awards honor America's best chefs, as well as promising newcomers and a top restaurateur.


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"All authority in heaven and on earth has been given to me. Go therefore and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit, teaching them to observe all that I have commanded you. And behold, I am with you always, to the end of the age."
We believe the Gospel is not just a message heard once and acknowledged, but rather a life changing message that impacts every aspect of our lives; both in major events and the ordinary day to day. It is the foundation of everything we do.
We meet at 3385 E. Shields, Fresno CA 93726. Our services start at 10am, and you're more than welcome to come early or stay late to meet people and ask questions.
We believe God has given us the Bible to teach us, encourage us, give us hope, and challenge us to live and think differently. Our sermons are expositions of scripture that seek to faithfully present the message of the Gospel and teachings of the Bible.


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New 3D audio processing service [pictured] to be released later this year.
IOSONO has unveiled CORE, a complete system solution for 3D audio processing.
The platform features tailor-made options for a variety of applications and can adapt to individual customer requirements through flawless integration of optional I/O cards to guarantee best performance and cost-efficiency.
IOSONO CORE will be released later this year and will be previewed at this week's prolight+sound trade show in Frankfurt, Germany, which runs to April 13.
"With the introduction of the new CORE system, IOSONO once again sets the benchmark for 3D audio processing systems", commented Olaf Stepputat, CEO of IOSONO. "The new system has been developed with great feedback from our existing customers. After years of research we're proud of the product it turned out to be."


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An Oldie, But Goodie I've Featured The Above Before, But I Figured It
Have you ever heard the expression, what you wear is who you are? I think the expression is true. People are not seen only by outward appearance, but the outward appearance is first thing that look from you, at least that is the way we respect ourselves. Similar to the home. Home as a place where we stay can also show who we really are. If you include people who are stylish and keep in track of the time, you might be very like this house design that we will be discussed this time.
The house, designed by Arteind has a considerable size. The use of white color that dominates the entire room makes this home a very fresh and clean. This house has complete facilities including the presence of an entrance, living room, dining room, kitchen, a multipurpose den girls room, and a large master bedroom with balcony. The whole office looks bright and stunning. Do you know why? Yup, the good light arrangement of the house represents contemporary lifestyle.
Parts of the house look more beautiful with the unique furniture that complements each part of it. Look at the living room that has a unique design sofa with cow skin complexion. The living room has two types sofa that are equally interesting. White couch large enough with L shaped is indeed very lovely. Not just on the sofa, this living room also equipped with a table size that also looks modern. Look at the white curtains adorn the windows of the room. Do you like the design of this one?
A kitchen with wooden furniture is also no less impressive. This kitchen has a set of furniture with the same model. Wood is quite high with its dark brown color looks very charming. Yellow color combination looks very fit in the seat cushion with a wooden seat frame. The table in the middle of the room still in dark brown color also no less enchanting. The dining room has a unique chandelier. The shape is square with a large enough size. There is also a sweet accents of greenery in the middle of the dining table. Like the living room I mentioned earlier, the dining room is also equipped with a white curtain that makes the room look very modern.Read more »


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> Dolls
> Innocent (1/6 size)
> Pursley
Including: nude doll, one pair of cat hands, blanket, box
You can choose either joint torso or single torso for your doll. ^^
Please notice that the wigs, face-up, eyes, outfits and shoes in the pictures are not included in the price.
The doll in the pictures is in normal skin.
Total height:26cm
Girth of the head:16.5cm
Eye size:14mm
Girth of the neck:6cm
Width of the shoulder:7cm
Length of the arms:7cm
Girth of the chest:13cm
Girth of the waist:12cm
Girth of the hips:14.5cm
Length from shoulder to hip:6cm
Girth of the bicep:4.6cm
Girth of the forearm:4.5cm
Girth of the thigh:7.6cm
Girth of the calf:5.8cm
Length from bellybutton to foot:12cm
Length of the feet:4cm
Please notice that due to the complication of the production,
the doll will be shipped 2-3 months upon full payment
(If you are choosing the layaway option for the payment,
your order will be processed only after your payment is over 1/2 of the total payment of your order.)
Since the product is completely handmade, please understand that the doll and
the face up may have minor difference from the official pictures.


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Copyright Office Seeks Help In Fixing The Culture-Stifling Copyright Records Problem
from the it's-a-start dept
Last month, I wrote about the damage to the public domain caused by the difficulty of accessing older copyright registration records. Since much of the information is not digitized and locked up in books and card catalogs in Washington, countless works that have lapsed into the public domain are treated as if they were still under copyright, since confirming their status is a prohibitive task and the penalty for making a mistake can be severe. This problem, combined with the simple fact that copyright lasts way too long, leads to a huge cultural gap where works are still protected (or presumed to be) but the rightsholder (if one is even apparent) is not making them available.
At the time, the Copyright Office had informally asked for feedback on the idea of creating a "digital card catalog" of raw scans as a stopgap solution, since full digitization is still a major challenge. Now this effort is official: the Office posted two Requests For Information on the Federal Business Opportunities site, seeking outside vendors with the relevant technology and expertise.
The first pertains specifically to the virtual card catalog idea, which would involve raw images of the cards arranged in a virtual hierarchy to match the physical drawers, and currently only seeks to "determine the availability of such software in the marketplace either as an existing product or as a potential development effort". The second deals with the next step, seeking more information on possible crowdsourcing solutions to help complete the records with metadata and searchable text.
It's frankly unfortunate that this is necessary, and it wouldn't be if ever-increasing copyright terms and retroactive extensions hadn't locked up half of creative history. Today, culture has far outpaced copyright law, and the disconnect between the way things work and the way they are "supposed" to work is staggering. Nonetheless, fully digitized records would have a huge impact on society: people would discover that the public domain is a hell of a lot bigger than anyone thought, and all sorts of forgotten works would be discovered—and renewed both culturally and economically by new creative and business energy. Whether or not the Copyright Office can actually accomplish this task is uncertain, but it's nice to see evidence of an ongoing effort.
Filed Under: copyright office, copyright registration, public domain


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Let's be clear. Torrenting games is not good. It's bad. But, if you are planning on torrenting games, think twice about doing so with The Witcher 2, because you could be hunted down and fined.
The game's developer CD Projekt considers The Witcher 2 to be a prime target for piracy. It's a single-player only role-playing game that does not have an online component. To combat piracy, CD Projekt is signing with legal firms and torrent sneaking companies.
CD Projekt co-founder Marcin Iwiński tells website Eurogamer, "In quite a few big countries, when people are downloading it illegally they can expect a letter from a legal firm saying, 'Hey, you downloaded it illegally and right now you have to pay a fine.'"
As Eurogamer points out, law firms contact torrent sites and get the names of the Internet Services Providers used by illegal downloaders. The firms then threaten the ISP with legal action if they do not provide the users' account info. After acquiring those details, letters are sent out.
"I'm sure you've heard about stories in the US when recording companies were chasing people," Iwiński added. "We don't want to be so harsh, but there is a chance that this might happen to some people if they download illegally. There will be an initiative."
The Witcher 2, however, is not laced with digital rights management software so those who do purchase the offline game can install it on as many computers as they like and not have to worry about an internet connection.
The Witcher 2: Assassins of Kings is slated for release next May.
Witcher 2 torrents could net you a fine PC News [Eurogamer via Joystiq]


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Are you shopped out yet? You might want to catch a second wind—the great sales don't stop just because the holidays do. From a new set of towels to a new set of abs, January's got you covered with some unexpected deals to steal.
Linens: Did you know linens have been going on sale in January since 1878? That's when John Wanamaker, the father of department stores, introduced the first White Sale, which has evolved into a tradition of January deals on bedding, towels and more.
Furniture: Many manufacturers release new furniture designs in February, which means stores need to clear out inventory now. If you like darker color schemes, look for closeout prices on fall and winter fabrics to save even more.
Gym memberships: Gyms depend on New Year's resolutions to get members in the door, so look for incentives like a waived enrollment fee. A majority of gym memberships go unused so avoid long-term commitments. Negotiate a month-to-month until you're positive the gym is for you. Member rates can be arbitrary so this is one place where bargaining definitely comes in handy.
Winter produce: Buy seasonal and you'll get the best price and quality (and a little help with those health-related resolutions). For January, look for citrus fruits like lemons and grapefruits, members of the cabbage family including cauliflower and Brussel sprouts, and root vegetables like beets and turnips. Here is a list for you to reference next time you swing by the grocery store.
Fine jewelry: Now's the time to buy some bling. There is a window between the holidays and Valentine's Day when business is slow for jewelers, and you may be able to find some great deals. Using a similar logic, you may also save on perfume.
Gift cards: Right after Christmas, many people are trying to exchange gift cards for something they will actually use. Look on gift card exchange websites to buy cards at a discounted rate. They sell for up to 35% less than face value (although around 10% seems to be the norm for more popular stores), and you can even purchase them for practical items like groceries, gas or office supplies.
Final tip: We all start the New Year with resolutions and intentions to get our life in order, but if you can stay organized until mid-January without a calendar, then you can save over 50% on 2013 calendars and planners for your desk, home office or handbag.


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Are you looking for the right Brazos County estate law attorney?
You have come to the right place. At Peterson Law Group, we want to be the best Brazos County estate law attorneys for our clients.
Call Peterson Law Group today at (979) 703-7014.
We keep your family and financials goals in mind.
We listen to you.
We can delicately explain contentious issues.
We utilize our extensive legal experience to solve difficult problems.
We give you practical advice based on having seen almost every problem imaginable.
We have prepared hundreds of estate plans for folks just like you.
We solve problems.
We use the latest technologies so that we can create your estate plan efficiently and expeditiously.
We provide our services on a fixed fee basis so that there are no surprise bills.
We are responsive to our clients. If you need to meet with us, we will make time for you.
We try to be the type of Brazos County estate law attorneys that you want and need. Call our Brazos County office now at (979) 703-7014 to get started or fill out the contact form below.
Here are some ways that we have helped clients recently:
Avoid Probate – We have drafted revocable living trusts for clients to pass their estate to their loved ones without the cost and expense of probate.
Second Marriages – We have drafted special forms of trusts (called QTIP trusts) so that surviving spouses are still cared for while the inheritances of children from the first marriage are still protected.
Parents of Young Children – We have created trusts and guardianship papers that provide peace of mind that children will be cared for financially and emotionally in the event of the parents' untimely deaths.
Disability and Incapacity Protection – Through the use of guardianship, trusts and powers of attorney, we have ensured that older clients are protected if they become unable to make financial or medical decisions because of illness or injury.
Special Needs – We have created trusts to protect clients with special needs so that they are provided for during their lifetime and so that they continue to receive the assistance they need and deserve from government programs.
Protect Assets – We have many clients that are worried that their nest eggs will be taken due to frivolous litigation. Using court-tested techniques we have successfully protected those assets thereby giving our clients peace of mind.
Transfer of Wealth to the Next Generation – We have successfully helped clients put in place estate planning techniques that allow them to transfer their hard-earned wealth to their children and grandchildren.
Avoid Estate Taxes – We have successfully assisted clients in eliminating or reducing unnecessary and unwarranted taxes being paid after their deaths.
End of Life Decisions – Unfortunately death is part of life, but we can help you stay in control of the dying process through the use of Living Wills, Advanced Medical Directives and Do Not Resuscitate (DNR) Orders. These can be especially helpful in terminal condition or hospice admission situations.
Maybe you are much like one of these clients. If so, call our Brazos County Estate Law Attorney office now at (979) 703-7014 to get started or fill out the contact form below.
The use of the Internet or this form for communication with the firm or any individual member of the firm does not establish an attorney-client relationship. Confidential or time-sensitive information should not be sent through this form. You further acknowledge that unless the law firm subsequently enters into an attorney–client relationship with you, any information you provide will not be treated as confidential and any such information may be used adversely to you and for the benefit of current or future clients of the law firm.


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This recipe for General Tso's chicken has been the most popular on this site since I first posted it in 2009. Month after month it continues to be the most viewed and searched for recipe here. I love that so many of you, presumably, have visited on a mission to replicate this tasty dish from a favorite take-out.
Over the past few months, I've been testing and retesting this recipe for my cookbook, and want to share a new revised version. I've loved all your feedback and incorporated some changes that'll make this General Tso's even better. The sauce, for example, has a couple of new ingredients to round out the tomato base.
The biggest improvement is in the frying process. The previous recipe resulted in really nice crispy chicken, but I think this new recipe one-ups its predecessor. After countless hours frying chicken in front of the stove, I've found that the key marinade ingredient for crispy chicken is...egg whites, which allow the cornstarch to adhere to the meat, without lending too much of an eggy flavor. And, as one commenter suggested, tossing the cornstarch with a little salt and pepper is great for adding more flavor to the fried chicken. You can also take a few extra minutes to fry the chicken again for another 30 seconds, an optional step to get very crispy chicken, identical to the take-out kind.
(Update: If you've enjoyed this General Tso's Chicken recipe, check out many more Chinese restaurant favorites in my new cookbook The Chinese Takeout Cookbook: Quick and Easy Dishes to Prepare at Home.)
Almost nobody in Hunan has ever heard of General Tso's Chicken, the most famous Hunan dish in America. Like many other American-Chinese favorites, the roots to China are vague but interesting.
You may know the dish as General Tsuo's, or Tzo's or Tao's or some other variation. You couldn't really pronounce the name, but order it anyway at Panda Garden because of its addictiveness. Who cares if it isn't really Chinese food, like your ABC friend hinted?
General Tso's Chicken became popular in America via some enterprisingly Taiwanese chefs who opened Hunan restaurants in New York in the 1970s. Hunan cuisine is traditionally very spicy, full of smoky chilis and pickled vegetables. But to appeal to American diners, the chefs started deep-frying, and sweetening the sauces. They improved upon each other's crispy chicken dishes until they got a crunchy, sweet, sour, and mildly spicy coating. You can read more about the history in Fuchsia Dunlop's NYT article, or Jennifer 8. Lee's The Fortune Cookie Chronicles; both writers trace the original General Tso's back to Taiwan.
I first tried making the Taiwanese version from Dunlop's Revolutionary Chinese Cookbook: Recipes from Hunan Province. But the recipe calls for starch in the marinade and sauce, instead of as an outside coating, which doesn't create a create the crunchiness I was expecting. I wasn't the only one who was disappointed by the original version. On trying the chicken dish in Taiwan, Jennifer 8. Lee wrote, "The dominant flavor was soy sauce. That was followed by chopped garlic and a kick from spicy chili peppers. The chicken was appropriately chewy, but there was no crispy, fried batter coating. Where was the sweetness? The tanginess? Instead, it had a strong salty flavor."
The older version is like the stodgy artiste who refuses to waver to popular opinion. Which is respectable. But there's a reason Americanized General Tso's is so good. It's brash, super crisp, and sweet. Like pop music, it just hooks you.
So here is my altered General Tso's Chicken after cooking in many, many times. I prefer to use boneless chicken thighs instead of chicken breast for a juicier bite. (Dark meat is juicier and much more tender than white meat, and contrary to widespread belief, not much higher in fat.) Chicken stock adds a bit more flavor, but if you don't have any handy feel free to substitute water. Sauce may taste a little tomato-y on its own, but trust me, mixed with the fried chicken it will taste positively delicious.
The sauce, with tomato paste, chicken broth, vinegar, and hoisin sauce, thickens up quite nicely in the wok. It's sweet but not overly so, with a mild kick and smoky flavor from the chilis and a good amount of tanginess. Meanwhile, the cornstarch coating results in a brash, proudly crisp exterior. It may not be authentically Hunan, but there's a reason it continues to be such a beloved dish in the U.S.
General Tso's Chicken
Serves 4
- 1 pound boneless, skinless chicken thighs, sliced into 1-inch cubes
- 1 1/2 cups cornstarch
- 1/2 teaspoon salt
- 1/2 teaspoon freshly ground black pepper
- 3 cups peanut or vegetable oil for frying, plus 1 tablespoon for stir-frying
- 8 dried whole red chilis, or substitute 1/4 teaspoon dried red chili flakes
- 2 cloves garlic, minced
- 1 teaspoon white sesame seeds, for garnish
- Scallions, green parts thinly sliced, for garnish
- 1 tablespoons soy sauce
- 1 tablespoon Chinese rice wine or dry sherry
- 2 egg whites
- 1/4 cup chicken stock, or substitute water
- 1 1/2 tablespoons tomato paste
- 1 tablespoon soy sauce
- 1 tablespoon rice vinegar
- 1 teaspoon hoisin sauce
- 1 teaspoon chili paste
- 1 teaspoon sesame oil
- 1 tablespoon sugar
- 1 teaspoon cornstarch
- Prepare the marinade: In a large bowl, combine the soy sauce, rice wine, and egg whites. Coat the chicken to the marinade mixture and let sit for 10 minutes.
- Prepare the sauce: In a small bowl, combine the chicken stock, tomato paste, sugar, soy sauce, rice vinegar, hoisin sauce, chili paste, sesame oil, sugar, and the 1 teaspoon of cornstarch. Stir until the sugar and cornstarch are dissolved. Set the sauce aside.
- In a large bowl or deep plate, toss the 1 1/2 cups cornstarch with the salt and pepper. Coat the marinated chicken in the cornstarch and shake off any excess before frying.
- Heat the 3 cups of peanut or vegetable oil in your wok until it registers 350°F on an instant-read oil thermometer. Working in 2 or 3 batches, add the first batch of chicken cubes and fry until golden brown on the outside and cooked through, about 4 to 5 minutes. Remove the chicken with a slotted spoon and drain on paper towels. Repeat with the rest of the chicken.
- Drain the oil into a heatproof container and save for discarding. Wipe the wok with a paper towel to remove any brown bits, but don't wash.
- Reheat the wok or skillet over medium-high heat. Add another 1 tablespoon of oil and swirl to coat the base and sides. Add the dried chilis and garlic to the wok and stir-fry until just fragrant, about 20 seconds. Pour in the sauce mixture and stir until thickened, about 1 to 2 minutes.
- Return the chicken to the wok and stir well to coat with sauce. Transfer the chicken to a serving dish. Garnish with white sesame seeds and scallions. Serve with white rice and vegetables.
Recipe first published March 3, 2009. Updated August 30, 2011.


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Airlines cancel hundreds of flights in Chicago
CHICAGO (AP) -- About 1,000 flights have been canceled as a winter storm bears down on the Midwest.
The bulk of the flights are at Chicago's O'Hare and Midway international airports.
American Airlines canceled all of its O'Hare flights scheduled after 8 p.m. Thursday, saying it expected winds to make it "very difficult, if not impossible, to operate" out of the airport.
Southwest Airlines canceled all its Midway flights after 4:30 p.m.
Forecasters say rain will turn to snow by Thursday evening. The Chicago area could get 2 to 6 inches of snow in the Chicago area, with wind gusts up to 60 mph.
Airlines are waiving fees for some travelers who want to change their plans.


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Celebrating 30 Years of IRONMAN Racing in New Zealand
Firmly established in its hometown of Taupo since 1999, the event showcases the best New Zealand and its breathtaking scenery has to offer. Thanks to the locals' pure Kiwi spirit, you will feel like a local the minute you arrive. The event attracts more than 2,000 volunteers from a population of just 22,000—and you'll encounter the rest along the streets cheering you on.


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|Home >> Course Descriptions >> College of Arts and Sciences
|History of Africa
|Three semester hours. (FL-Even)
|Evolution of humankind and early cultures, the iron age, and the rise of the first states and empires. Impact of Islam on Sub-Saharan peoples and the East African coast. Reactions of African civilizations to Europeans, imposition of colonial rule, and the winning of independence. State-building since independence.
Home - General Information - Student Services -
Academic Undergraduate Regulations -
Undergraduate Degrees - Academic Graduate Regulations -
Graduate Degrees - Course Descriptions - Faculty -
Appendix A - Appendix B - Appendix C - Appendix D


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HOW TO BOOK: Please contact us directly
Contact details:
Patricia: email@example.com
Mona: firstname.lastname@example.com
--->>£15 exchange
--->>£13 early bird (limited amount)
--->>£13 concession (i.e.students & pensioners).
To keep updated on future events, please join our meetup group: https://www.meetup.com/London-Gong-Baths-Sound-Massages/
Fellow Gong Practitioner Mona (Sound Interventions) and I are collaborating with 'The London Buddhist Arts Centre' on the second and forth Friday of each month to offer Gong Baths to the local community-
For those who are interested in experiencing sound for the purposes of deep relaxation, meditation and general well-being.
'SonicSoul' & 'Sound Interventions' facilitates a 75-minute sound immersion with their 5 Gongs and other therapeutic instruments including himalayan singing bowls, a shruti box, bells, a frame drum, koshi wind chimes, cactus rainsticks, nutshell shakers, tingshaw bells, Peruvian rattles, croaking frog güiro's, cabasa's, power chimes, kalimba's, a sansula, and bamboo leaf rattles.
Guests will be invited to lay down on mats, close their eyes, and experience deep listening as they are saturated and cocooned in sounds. 'SonicSoul' & 'Sound Interventions' will endeavour to deliver sound frequencies to the human body through the ears and directly through the skin, as a sound massage.
*The Gongs will be set up by each sound practitioner specifically to create Gong-Surround-Sound, as they attempt to entrain the left and right hemispheres of your brain.
The session starts at 19:45 but please arrive at 19:30 to settle in.
Places are limited, and the choice of mats/proximity to the gongs and instruments is on a first-come first-serve basis.
About the facilitators:
Patricia Carlota http://www.sonicsoul.uk/
Mona Ruijs http://www.soundinterventions.uk/
Each guest is provided with a yoga mat, a head rest, and an eye pillow but, please bring:
-a blanket (or sleeping bag or something of the sort) to keep warm because the body temperature may shift during the session. We have a few blankets. If you prefer to use one of ours please contact us.
-a cushion/pillow (or cushions/pillows) for extra comfort. You will be laying down for one hour on a yoga mat and the more 'padding' you have underneath you, the more comfortable you will be. And, the more comfortable you are the more beneficial the session will be for you.
-a bottle of water (although there is access to water and tea). You may get thirsty.
Please let us know if you are on your first trimester of pregnancy, suffer from a sound sensitive condition, have a pacemaker, or have any particular need and not sure if the sessions are suitable for you.
Before our Gong Bath session, there is a Tai Chi class facilitated by our dear friend Cecile Chich from 6.15pm to 7.15pm.
Tai Chi: £10 - £8 conc.
Special price of £20 for both sessions
Looking forward to the session!
(((GONG))) Vibes
Patricia & Mona


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The Los Angeles City Council voted Friday to ban the possession of ammunition clips that carry more than 10 rounds, closing what they called a loophole in state law but facing a possible legal challenge from the gun lobby.
Councilman Paul Krekorian said the city proposal fills what he described as a loophole in state law that already bans the sale and importation of large-capacity magazines. The new city proposal would include a ban on possession of such clips.
"We all remember when a gunman walked in to the North Valley Jewish Community Center and fired off 70 rounds at children," Krekorian said as he held up pictures of police officers leading children out of the facility. He was referring to a 1999 incident in which a white supremacist walked into the JCC and opened fire with a semi-automatic gun, wounding five people including three children.
"Just a few months ago, we had a strikingly similar image in Newtown, Conn. It is time for this country to act to stand up to do something about ultra-violent weapons. The state has banned the sale and transfer of these, but not done anything about possession."
The California Gun Foundation has said it was looking at a legal challenge to the proposal.
Councilmen Mitch Englander and Dennis Zine, both of whom serve as reserve officers, said they support the proposal – which exempts police officers – because of the need for public safety.
"I have received letters from gun rights groups and advocates who are concerned this is an overstep of our authority," Englander said. "I tell them this is not about taking their guns away, it is about limiting the number of bullets that can be fired."
Zine held up a 15-round clip used by LAPD officers and clicked out the bullets, saying the proposal is the correct approach.
"No one needs more than 10 bullets to protect their families," Zine said. "We are not doing anything to prevent people from owning guns. We are doing what is reasonable."