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Language Oriented Programming: The Next Programming Paradigm
It is time to begin the next technology revolution in software development, and the shape of this revolution is becoming more and more clear. The next programming paradigm is nearly upon us. It is not yet fully formed different parts have different names: Intentional programming, MDA, generative programming, etc. I suggest uniting all of these new approaches under one name, 'language-oriented programming', and this article explains the main principles of this new programming paradigm.
Today's mainstream approach to programming has some crucial built-in assumptions which hold us back like chains around our necks, though most programmers don't realize this. With all the progress made so far in programming, we are still in the Stone Age. We've got our trusty stone axe (object-oriented programming), which serves us well, but tends to chip and crack when used against the hardest problems. To advance beyond stone, we must tame fire. Only then can we forge new tools and spark a new age of invention and an explosion of new technologies.
I'm talking about the limitations of programming which force the programmer to think like the computer rather than having the computer think more like the programmer. These are serious, deeply-ingrained limitations which will take a lot of effort to overcome. I'm not being pretentious when I say that this will be the next big paradigm shift in programming. We will need to completely redefine the way we write programs.
In this article, I present my view and my current work toward Language Oriented Programming (LOP). First I will show what is wrong with mainstream programming today, then I'll explain the concept of LOP by using the example of my existing implementation, the Meta Programming System (MPS). This article is intended to give you a bird's-eye-view of LOP, to spark interest in the idea, and hopefully to generate feedback and discussion.
Part I. Language Oriented Programming Overview
Language Oriented Programming and the Meta Programming System
Ideally, being a programmer means I can do anything on a computer. I have complete freedom, complete control. But in reality, programmers today have very restricted freedom. Sure, I can do anything on a computer, but some things take me years of effort when it should take much less time. Something is wrong here.
Programmers are restricted because they are heavily dependent on programming infrastructure which they cannot easily change, namely the languages and environments that they use. If I want some extension to a language, I must wait for the language designer to update it. If I want some extra power from my IDE, I must wait for the IDE vendor to add the new features. It is this dependence which limits my complete freedom. Sure, I can write my own compiler or IDE. In fact, this is why I started work on IntelliJ IDEA, because I was tired of being dependent on the existing weak Java IDEs. But this takes a lot of time and effort and is simply not practical for most programmers. There is a big difference between theoretical freedom and practical freedom. When I talk about freedom here, I mean practical freedom.
The way to gain freedom is to reduce our level of dependency. For example, one of the main goals of Java is to reduce dependency on the operating system, giving developers the freedom to deploy on different operating systems. So, to gain freedom over languages and environments, we should reduce our dependency on them.
Why is this a problem? Any general-purpose language, like Java or C++, gives us the ability to do anything we want with a computer. This is true, at least in theory anyway, but general-purpose languages tend to be unproductive as I will explore later. Alternatively, we could use domain-specific languages (DSLs, aka 'little languages'), which are tailored to be highly productive in a specific problem domain, such as SQL for writing database queries. The strength of DSLs, domain specificity, is also their weakness, since any real-world program will involve many different domains.
It's not a question of general-purpose versus domain-specific. I want all freedoms. I want to be able to do anything, and also be highly productive at the same time. There aren't any good ways to do this yet. Ideally, I would be able to use different languages for each specialized part of the program, all working together coherently. And the environment would fully support these languages with refactoring, code completion, navigation, and all the other productivity tools that are available for mainstream languages.
To achieve this independence, I need the freedom to create, reuse, and modify languages and environments. For this freedom to be practical, it needs to be easy to achieve. If we solve this problem of easily developing languages and environments, it will be a giant leap forward for programmers. This is where Language Oriented Programming comes in.


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Thursday, April 22, 2010
Religion and Rocketry, by C.S. Lewis
But then came Professor F. B. Hoyle, the Cambridge cosmologist, and in a fortnight or so everyone I met seemed to have decided that the universe was probably quite well provided with inhabitable globes and with livestock to inhabit them. Which just showed (equally well) the absurdity of Christianity with its parochial idea that Man could be important to God.
This is a warning to what we may expect if we ever do discover animal life (vegetable does not matter) on another planet. Each new discovery, even every new theory, is held at first to have the most wide-reaching theological and philosophical consequences. It is seized by unbelievers as the basis for a new attack on Christianity; it is often, and more embarrassingly, seized by injudicious believers as the basis for a new defense.
But usually, when the popular hubbub has subsided and the novelty has been chewed over by real theologians, real scientists and real philosophers, both sides find themselves pretty much where they were before. So it was with Copernican astronomy, with Darwinism, with Biblical Criticism, with the new psychology. So, I cannot help expecting, it will be with the discovery of 'life on other planets' if that discovery is ever made.
The supposed threat is clearly directed against the doctrine of the Incarnation, the belief that God of God "for us men and for our salvation came down from heaven and was . . . made man." Why for us men more than for others? If we find ourselves to be but one among a million races, scattered through a million spheres, how can we, without absurd arrogance, believe ourselves to have been uniquely favored? I admit that the question could become formidable. In fact, it will become formidable when, if ever, we know the answer to five other questions.
1. Are there animals anywhere except on earth? We do not know. We do not know whether we ever shall know.
2. Supposing there were, have any of these animals what we call "rational souls"? By this I include not merely the faculty to abstract and calculate, but the apprehension of values, the power to mean by "good" something more than "good for me" or even "good for my species'. If instead of asking, "Have they rational souls?" you prefer to ask, "Are they spiritual animals?" I think we shall both mean pretty much the same. If the answer to either question should be No, then of course it would not be at all strange that our species should be treated differently from theirs.
There would be no sense in offering to a creature, however clever or amiable, a gift which that creature was by its nature incapable either of desiring or of receiving. We teach our sons to read but not our dogs. The dogs prefer bones. And of course, since we do not yet know whether there are extra-terrestrial animals at all, we are a long way from knowing that they are rational (or "spiritual").
Even if we met them we might not find it so easy to decide. It seems to me possible to suppose creatures so clever that they could talk, though they were, from the theological point of view, really only animals, capable of pursuing or enjoying only natural ends. One meets humans the machine-minded and materialistic urban type who look as if they were just that. As Christians we must believe the appearance to be false; somewhere under that glib surface there lurks, however atrophied, a human soul. But in other worlds there might be things that really are what these seem to be. Conversely, there might be creatures genuinely spiritual, whose powers of manufacture and abstract thought were so humble that we should mistake them for mere animals. God shield them from us!
3. If there are species, and rational species, other than man, are any or all of them, like us, fallen? This is the point non-Christians always seem to forget. They seem to think that the Incarnation implies some particular merit or excellence in humanity. But of course it implies just the reverse: a particular demerit and depravity. No creature that deserved Redemption would need to be redeemed. They that are whole need not the physician. Christ died for men precisely because men are not worth dying for; to make them worth it. Notice what waves of utterly unwarranted hypothesis these critics of Christianity want us to swim through. We are now supposing the fall of hypothetically rational creatures whose mere existence is hypothetical.
4. If all of them (and surely all is a long shot) or any of them have fallen have they been denied Redemption by the Incarnation and Passion of Christ? For of course it is no very new idea that the eternal Son may, for all we know, have been incarnate in other worlds than earth and so saved other races than ours. As Alice Meynell wrote in "Christ in the Universe":
. . . in the eternities
Doubtless we shall compare together, hear
A million alien Gospels, in what guise
He trod the Pleiades, the Lyre, the Bear.
I wouldn't go as far as "doubtless" myself. Perhaps of all races we only fell. Perhaps Man is the only lost sheep; the one, therefore, whom the Shepherd came to seek. Or perhaps but this brings us to the next wave of assumption. It is the biggest yet and will knock us head over heels, but I am fond of a tumble in the surf.
5. If we knew (which we don't) the answers to 1, 2, and 3 and, further, if we knew that Redemption by an Incarnation and Passion had been denied to creatures in need of it is it certain that this is the only mode of Redemption that is possible? Here of course we ask for what is not merely unknown but, unless God should reveal it, wholly unknowable. It may be that the further we were permitted to see into His councils, the more clearly we should understand that thus and not otherwise by the birth at Bethlehem, the cross on Calvary and the empty tomb a fallen race could be rescued. There may be a necessity for this, insurmountable, rooted in the very nature of God and the very nature of sin. But we don't know. At any rate, I don't know. Spiritual as well as physical conditions might differ widely in different worlds. There might be different sorts and different degrees of fallenness. We must surely believe that the divine charity is as fertile in resource as it is measureless in condescension. To different diseases, or even to different patients sick with the same disease, the great Physician may have applied different remedies; remedies which we should probably not recognize as such even if we ever heard of them.
It might turn out that the redemption of other species differed from ours by working through ours. There is a hint of something like this in St. Paul (Romans 8:19-23) when he says that the whole creation is longing and waiting to be delivered from some kind of slavery, and that the deliverance will occur only when we, we Christians, fully enter upon our sonship to God and exercise our 'glorious liberty'.
On the conscious level I believe that he was thinking only of our own Earth: of animal, and probably vegetable, life on Earth being "renewed" or glorified at the glorification of man in Christ. But it is perhaps possible it is not necessary to give his words a cosmic meaning. It may be that Redemption, starting with us, is to work from us and through us.
This would no doubt give man a pivotal position. But such a position need not imply any superiority in us or any favouritism in God. The general, deciding where to begin his attack, does not select the prettiest landscape or the most fertile field or the most attractive village. Christ was not born in a stable because a stable is, in itself, the most convenient or distinguished place for a maternity.
Only if we had some such function would a contact between us and such unknown races be other than a calamity. If indeed we were unfallen, it would be another matter.
It sets one dreaming to interchange thoughts with beings whose thinking had an organic background wholly different from ours (other senses, other appetites), to be unenviously humbled by intellects possibly superior to our own yet able for that very reason to descend to our level, to descend lovingly ourselves if we met innocent and childlike creatures who could never be as strong or as clever as we, to exchange with the inhabitants of other worlds that especially keen and rich affection which exists between unlikes; it is a glorious dream. But make no mistake. It is a dream. We are fallen.
We know what our race does to strangers. Man destroys or enslaves every species he can. Civilized man murders, enslaves, cheats, and corrupts savage man. Even inanimate nature he turns into dust bowls and slag-heaps. There are individuals who don't. But they are not the sort who are likely to be our pioneers in space. Our ambassador to new worlds will be the needy and greedy adventurer or the ruthless technical expert. They will do as their kind has always done. What that will be if they meet things weaker than themselves, the black man and the red man can tell. If they meet things stronger, they will be, very properly, destroyed.
It is interesting to wonder how things would go if they met an unfallen race. At first, to be sure, they'd have a grand time jeering at, duping, and exploiting its innocence; but I doubt if our half-animal cunning would long be a match for godlike wisdom, selfless valour, and perfect unanimity.
I therefore fear the practical, not the theoretical, problems which will arise if ever we meet rational creatures which are not human. Against them we shall, if we can, commit all the crimes we have already committed against creatures certainly human but differing from us in features and pigmentation; and the starry heavens will become an object to which good men can look up only with feelings of intolerable guilt, agonized pity, and burning shame.
Of course after the first debauch of exploitation we shall make some belated attempt to do better. We shall perhaps send missionaries. But can even missionaries be trusted? "Gun and gospel" have been horribly combined in the past. The missionary's holy desire to save souls has not always been kept quite distinct from the arrogant desire, the busybody's itch, to (as he calls it) "civilize" the (as he calls them) "natives." Would all our missionaries recognize an unfallen race if they met it? Could they? Would they continue to press upon creatures that did not need to be saved that plan of Salvation which God has appointed for Man? Would they denounce as sins mere differences of behaviour which the spiritual and biological history of these strange creatures fully justified and which God Himself had blessed? Would they try to teach those from whom they had better learn? I do not know. What I do know is that here and now, as our only possible practical preparation for such a meeting, you and I should resolve to stand firm against all exploitation and all theological imperialism. It will not be fun. We shall be called traitors to our own species. We shall be hated of almost all men; even of some religious men. And we must not give back one single inch. We shall probably fail, but let us go down fighting for the right side. Our loyalty is due not to our species but to God. Those who are, or can become, His sons, are our real brothers even if they have shells or tusks. It is spiritual, not biological, kinship that counts.
But let us thank God that we are still very far from travel to other worlds.
I have wondered before now whether the vast astronomical distances may not be God's quarantine precautions. They prevent the spiritual infection of a fallen species from spreading. And of course we are also very far from the supposed theological problem which contact with other rational species might raise. Such species may not exist. There is not at present a shred of empirical evidence that they do. There is nothing but what the logicians would call arguments from "a priori probability" arguments that begin "It is only natural to suppose," or "All analogy suggests," or "Is it not the height of arrogance to rule out ?" They make very good reading. But who except a born gambler ever risks five dollars on such grounds in ordinary life? And, as we have seen, the mere existence of these creatures would not raise a problem. After that, we still need to know that they are fallen; then, that they have not been, or will not be, redeemed in the mode we know; and then, that no other mode is possible. I think a Christian is sitting pretty if his faith never encounters more formidable difficulties than these conjectural phantoms.
If I remember rightly, St. Augustine raised a question about the theological position of satyrs, monopods, and other semi-human creatures. He decided it could wait till we knew there were any. So can this.
"But supposing" you say. "Supposing all these embarrassing suppositions turned out to be true?" I can only record a conviction that they won't; a conviction which has for me become in the course of years irresistible. Christians and their opponents again and again expect that some new discovery will either turn matters of faith into matters of knowledge or else reduce them to patent absurdities. But it has never happened.
What we believe always remains intellectually possible; it never becomes intellectually compulsive. I have an idea that when this ceases to be so, the world will be ending. We have been warned that all but conclusive evidence against Christianity, evidence that would deceive (if it were possible) the very elect, will appear with the Antichrist.
And after that there will be wholly conclusive evidence on the other side.
But not, I fancy, till then on either side.
"Religion and Rocketry" from The Worlds Last Night by C.S. Lewis.
36 comments:
Nice Post~!!!. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
- April 26, 2010 at 5:45 PM
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- May 2, 2010 at 1:14 AM
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- May 31, 2010 at 3:36 AM
人應該做自己認為對的事,而不是一味跟著群眾的建議走。 ..................................................
- June 5, 2010 at 1:17 AM
- June 8, 2010 at 3:30 PM
朋友是一面鏡子 ............................................................
- June 11, 2010 at 11:48 PM
- the real Phil Brown said...
Thanks for this mate. Did you transcribe it yourself? I have it in a book, but wanted it transcribed to quote some bits... Cheers!
Phil Brown
- June 13, 2010 at 8:31 AM
- June 15, 2010 at 2:14 PM
- 姵潔 said...
You are flattering me..............................................................
- June 19, 2010 at 2:57 AM
- June 24, 2010 at 6:45 AM
- June 27, 2010 at 9:27 PM
- June 27, 2010 at 9:27 PM
- July 1, 2010 at 8:44 AM
- July 4, 2010 at 11:07 PM
- July 4, 2010 at 11:13 PM
- July 8, 2010 at 4:38 PM
- July 10, 2010 at 7:53 PM
- July 12, 2010 at 9:22 PM
rain before seven; fine before eleven.............................................................
- July 15, 2010 at 3:56 AM
河水永遠是相同的,可是每一剎那又都是新的。. . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
- July 20, 2010 at 4:08 AM
知識可以傳授,智慧卻不行。每個人必須成為他自己。. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
- July 20, 2010 at 4:08 AM
Say not all that you know, believe not all that you hear.............................................................
- July 22, 2010 at 9:20 PM
- July 25, 2010 at 6:34 PM
- July 25, 2010 at 6:35 PM
- July 28, 2010 at 4:10 PM
A truly happy person is one who can enjoy the scenery on a detour. ............................................................
- July 31, 2010 at 6:05 PM
- August 6, 2010 at 8:32 AM
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- August 11, 2010 at 4:06 PM
- August 13, 2010 at 11:47 PM
- August 16, 2010 at 12:06 AM
謝謝大大分享 我難過了ˋ 3ˊ............................................................
- August 18, 2010 at 6:37 AM
- August 20, 2010 at 6:37 PM
- August 23, 2010 at 2:01 AM

subset: commoncrawl


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Edwards, Roman Named Players of the Year
SPARTANBURG, S.C. ¢ Appalachian State earned three of the five major awards in the Southern Conference football coaches' year-end balloting, as junior quarterback Armanti Edwards was named Offensive Player of the Year and junior linebacker Jacque Roman earned Defensive Player of the Year honors. Also, Mountaineers' head coach Jerry Moore was honored by his peers with his sixth Coach of the Year award.
The coaches selected Samford quarterback Dustin Taliaferro as SoCon Freshman of the Year while Furman senior offensive tackle Joel Bell was voted as the recipient of the Jacobs Blocking Award, which is presented annually to the top blocker in the Southern Conference.
2008 Southern Conference champion and three-time defending national champion Appalachian State led the way with 13 players selected on the all-conference team, including 10 first-team and four second-team picks. Nine Wofford players earned all-conference accolades, including five on offense and four on defense, while Elon (four offense, three defense, two special teams) placed nine players on the all-conference team as well. Furman had six players who were honored by the coaches, and The Citadel and Georgia Southern both had five. Samford had four players earn all-conference accolades while Western Carolina grabbed two all-conference slots.
Edwards continued to excel in his junior season, leading the Mountaineers to a 10-2 overall record and a perfect 8-0 SoCon mark. Along the way, the quarterback accumulated 3,036 yards in total offense to become the SoCon's all-time total offense leader in just three seasons, and he was responsible for 34 touchdowns, including 25 passing and nine rushing. The Greenwood, S.C., native boasts the second-best passing efficiency rating in the country at 178.5, thanks in part to his 25-to-2 touchdown-to-interception ratio and his current streak of 171 consecutive passes without an interception.
Roman was a stalwart for an Appalachian defensive unit that ranked second in the league in scoring defense and third in total defense. He is currently second in the conference in total tackles at 107 and second in fumbles recovered with three. A native of Kingland, Ga., Roman also recorded six tackles for loss, three sacks and two interceptions on the campaign.
Taliaferro, Samford's freshman quarterback, was named Freshman of the Year after finishing his rookie season as the league's second-highest rated passer (146.9). Taliaferro completed 151-of-225 pass attempts for 1,745 yards and 13 touchdowns, compared to just five interceptions. The signal-caller from Roswell, Ga., guided the Bulldogs to a 4-4 SoCon mark in their inaugural SoCon season while winning three of four league road games.
The 6-8, 308-pound Bell was selected as the SoCon's top blocker, becoming the first Paladin to take home the honor since 2004 (Ben Bainbridge) and the league-best 13th overall winner from Furman. A native of Spartanburg, S.C., who played just two years of high school football before coming to Furman, Bell was also a first-team all-conference choice by the league's coaches for the second straight season. The Jacobs Blocking Award has been presented each season since 1933 to the top blocker in the Southern Conference and is presented by the family of Dr. William P. Jacobs II.
Moore was honored after guiding ASU to just the third perfect SoCon season since 1998 a year after losing 12 starters to graduation from his third national championship team. The Mountaineers rebounded from a 1-2 start to win nine consecutive contests while pushing their SoCon win streak to 12 games.
Coaches were not permitted to vote for their own players in the voting process.
2008 Coaches All-Southern Conference Football Team
Offensive Player of the Year ¢ Armanti Edwards, Appalachian State
Defensive Player of the Year ¢ Jacque Roman, Appalachian State
Freshman of the Year ¢ Dustin Taliaferro, Samford
Jacobs Blocking Award ¢ Joel Bell, Furman
Coach of the Year ¢ Jerry Moore, Appalachian State
First Team Offense
QB Armanti Edwards, Jr., Appalachian State
RB Chris Evans, So., Samford
RB Dane Romero, Sr., Wofford
OL Jon Bieschke, Sr., Appalachian State
OL Brad Coley, Sr., Appalachian State
OL David Harrison, Jr., Elon
OL Joel Bell, Sr., Furman
OL Derek Wooten, Sr., Wofford
OL Dan DeHaven, Jr., The Citadel
TE Ben Jorden, Fr., Appalachian State
WR Andre Roberts, Jr., The Citadel
WR Terrell Hudgins, Jr., Elon
First Team Defense
DL Dakota Walker, Sr., Georgia Southern
DL Mitch Clark, Jr., Wofford
DL Jabari Fletcher, So., Appalachian State
DL Terrence Reese, Jr., The Citadel
LB Jacque Roman, Jr., Appalachian State
LB Chris Covington, Sr., Georgia Southern
LB Pierre Banks, Sr., Appalachian State
DB Cortez Gilbert, Jr., Appalachian State
DB Mark LeGree, So., Appalachian State
DB William Middleton, Sr., Furman
DB Thomas Twitty, Sr., Furman
DB Max Lerner, So., Furman
First Team Specialists
PK Andrew Wilcox, Sr., Elon
P Neil Young, Sr., Appalachian State
RS Andre Roberts, Jr., The Citadel
Second Team Offense
QB Scott Riddle, So., Elon
RB Brandon Newsome, So., Elon
RB Mike Brown, So., Furman
OL Ben Quick, Sr., Wofford
OL Mario Acitelli, Jr., Appalachian State
OL Daniel Kilgore, So., Appalachian State
OL Ben Miller, Sr., Wofford
OL Jon Weber, Jr., Samford
OL Dio Herrera, Sr., Georgia Southern
TE Taylor Cornett, Sr., The Citadel
WR Raja Andrews, Sr., Georgia Southern
WR Andy Strickland, Sr., Wofford
Second Team Defense
DL Anthony Williams, Jr., Appalachian State
DL Jeff Bradley, Sr., Western Carolina
DL Eric Ludwig, Jr., Elon
DL Layton Baker, Sr., Wofford
LB Corey Weaver, Sr., Elon
LB Bryce Smith, So., Samford
LB D.J. Smith, So., Appalachian State
DB Andy Davis, So., Samford
DB Mychael Johnson, Jr., Wofford
DB Walker White, Jr., Elon
DB Jason Leventis, Sr., Wofford
DB Mitchell Bell, So., Western Carolina
Second Team Specialists
PK Adrian Mora, Fr., Georgia Southern
P Brandon Lane, Sr., Elon
RS Adam Mims, So., Furman


text:
MassDOT, State Police warning drivers to stop using breakdown lane
Breakdown lane travel prohobited in areas with fourth travel lane
State Police have a warning for drivers on Interstate 93 and 95: don't drive in the breakdown lane where the DOT has opened a fourth travel lane. You could end up with a ticket.
Police said they are increasing enforcement along both roads between Dedham and Randolph where the Mass. Department of Transportation opened a fourth travel lane back in November.
With the addition of the new fourth travel lane between Route 24 in Randolph and a point just south of Route 109 near the Westwood-Dedham line, use of the breakdown lane on that section of highway is now prohibited, including during weekday peak travel periods (6 a.m. to 10 a.m. and 3 p.m. to 7 p.m.).
MassDOT has put up numerous signs to inform drivers and State Police have been patrolling the route to enforce this change.
Use of the breakdown lane is still allowed on Interstate 95 between Route 109 in Westwood and Route 9 in Needham, during peak rush hour times.
Breakdown lane use during weekday peak travel periods had been allowed between Route 24 and Interstate 95 via special permission by the Federal Highway Administration since 1986. However, upon the opening of the fourth travel lane between Randolph and Westwood-Dedham, the breakdown lane along this section is now reserved for disabled motor vehicles and emergency vehicles.


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6 Nutrition Rules for Endurance Athletes
Back to the basics advice from the top sports nutritionists on the block.
by Jennifer Ward Barber
In a sport where food is fuel, we sometimes forget that eating well is more than just bars and salt pills. But let's do a quick calculation: If you get eight hours of sleep a night, you're awake for 112 hours a week. A 20-hour/week training regimen leaves you with 92 non-training hours. That's a good chunk of your waking life not spent eating gels and drinking sports drinks.
As an endurance machine, what you put in your mouth during those 92 hours can make the difference between functioning at your best and getting rusty—or at worst, breaking down. So we consulted six of triathlon's top nutritionists for their key tenets of everyday nutrition.
1. Eat a quality daily diet
We all love our bars and gels for long rides, but what are we eating when we're not swimming, biking and running? Matt Fitzgerald,
How does your diet measure up? Try keeping score with a system like the USDA's MyPlate Supertracker, or Fitzgerald's Diet Quality Score in the aforementioned book.
Pay attention if:
→You're prone to illness and injury
→You're having trouble achieving body composition goals
You've nailed it when:
→Your plate is overflowing with fruits, vegetables, lean protein and complex carbohydrates
→You avoid junk foods (including large amounts of processed energy bars and gels) and fatty foods
→You limit your intake of alcohol to one or two drinks a day and keep caffeine to a minimum
2. Eat enough, starting with breakfast
Think you're tired because you're training so much? Think again, and then fix yourself a sandwich. Many endurance athletes, despite fueling their workouts properly while they're out on the road, finish the day with a caloric deficit. The fear of gaining weight can result in an epidemic of under-fed triathletes.
"Triathletes think performance starts with training, but it starts with fuel," says sports nutritionist and author Nancy Clark.
Clark's "Sports Nutrition Guidebook" can help you estimate your daily energy needs, which depend on
Pay attention if:
→Your workouts aren't enjoyable and don't feel like quality sessions
→You think about food all the time
→Your hunger spikes in the evening
You've nailed it when:
→Your performance consistently improves
→You recover quickly
→You crave sweets infrequently (people who say they're addicted to sugar are really just hungry, Clark says)
3. Practice meal timing
Ever attempted a long run after an all-you-can-eat brunch? Then you know that even high-quality
"An athlete should have some sort of nutrition approximately one to three hours before a training session," says Bob Seebohar, sports dietitian, exercise physiologist, and coach at fuel4mance.com. For short and/or high-intensity sessions under two hours, Seebohar says athletes can benefit from teaching the body to rely on fat stores for energy, which requires consuming fewer carbohydrates. For such sessions, he recommends liquid-based nutrition such as a sports drinks. For sessions more than three hours, Seebohar recommends consuming 200 to 300 grams of carbohydrate one to four hours beforehand.
What you eat after a workout—when the muscles are primed to accept nutrients—matters just as much. The 30 to 60 minutes immediately following long and high-intensity workouts are especially important. Seebohar
Pay attention if:
→You're prone to GI distress in workouts (can be due to consuming too many carbohydrates)
→You're low on energy or feel heavy and sluggish before and during workouts
You've nailed it when:→You feel satiated, energetic and light in all your workouts, no matter what time of day
4. Monitor macronutrients
Fueling your body well goes beyond eating your fruits and veggies. Macronutrients—carbohydrates,
According to Jamie A. Cooper, author of "The Complete Nutrition Guide for Triathletes," the exact percentages of each will vary depending on what type of triathlete you are; an IRONMAN triathlete will need slightly more carbohydrate (the body's primary energy source) than a short-course triathlete logging fewer training hours. But as a rule of thumb, he says athletes should aim for getting 45-65 percent of daily calories from carbohydrate, 15-20 percent
Pay attention if:
→You feel low on energy before, during and after your workouts
→You frequently feel fatigued
You've nailed it when:
→You recover quickly, even after high-intensity sessions
→You can't remember the last time you got sick, or injured
5. Hit the hydration sweet spot
Proper digestion, nutrient absorption, healthy skin, optimal brain power—you name it. They all rely on hydration. Which, when you're not on the course, is about achieving the right balance of fluids and electrolytes (minerals not only essential to our sports performance but our overall health).
"As prevalent as the eight glasses a day
Pay attention if:
→You feel fatigued, nauseated, have dry lips and throat, headaches and reduced ability to concentrate at work or complete your workouts
→You urinate frequently through the day (and when you do, it's water-colored), or you hardly urinate (and it's dark in color)
You've nailed it when:
→You're aware of your daily hydration needs based on what kind of work you do and where you live, and you keep up with them.
→Your urine is consistently straw-colored
6. Maintain a healthy relationship with food
"Eating should always be
Pay attention if:
→You tend to eat mindlessly
→You have a long list of "do not eat" restricted foods (you may be denying yourself too much)
You've nailed it when:
→You eat slowly and at a table without distractions
→You consume real, whole foods
→You avoid pre-packaged convenience foods and prepare meals in your own home more frequently than you eat out
If you want to learn more about the science behind nutrition check out the Sports Nutrition for Endurance Athletes course from IRONMAN U


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The daughter of the man who wrote the Oscar-winning movie Raging Bull is hoping the Supreme Court will give her a final second TKO against a movie studio for ownership of boxer Jake LaMotta's life story.
The high court on Tuesday agreed to hear an appeal over the movie's copyright, one of eight cases granted by the justices as they prepare for the beginning of the new 2013-14 session on Oct. 7.
The court, on the cusp of its new fall term, will continue to conduct normal operations through Friday despite the government shutdown, including having the building open for tourists.
The Raging Bull case involves an appeal from Paula Petrella, the daughter of the movie's author, Frank Petrella. The elder Petrella died in 1981, with his copyrights reverting to his daughter. She sued Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, Inc. for copyright infringement for creating and distributing copies of the movie, but the 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals said she waited too long before filing her lawsuit.
She "was aware of her potential claim (as was MGM) since 1991, when her attorney filed renewal applications for the 1963 screenplay," the lower courts said. "She did not file her lawsuit until 18 years later, in January 2009."
The Supreme Court will now review that decision.
Frank Petrella collaborated with his friend, LaMotta, on two screenplays and a book, which were used to make the movie directed by Martin Scorsese and starring Robert De Niro. The 1980 film won two Oscars, including best actor for De Niro.
The high court also decided to referee a gun case out of Tennessee where a man's plea to misdemeanor domestic assault banned him from ever legally owning a gun again.
James Castleman pleaded guilty to one count of misdemeanor domestic assault in 2001. He was then charged in 2009 with illegal possession of a firearm by a person convicted of misdemeanor domestic violence after being caught in a straw-purchasing ring with his wife.
A federal judge threw the illegal gun possession charge out, however. Federal law bars a person convicted of misdemeanor domestic violence involving physical force or a deadly weapon from possessing a firearm. The judge said that the Tennessee misdemeanor domestic assault conviction does not require that physical force be used, and so the federal ban could not apply to Castleman.
That decision was upheld by the 6th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals but the government wants it overturned.
Justices will also decide whether a motorist's anonymous tip about reckless driving is enough for police to pull over a car, without an officer's corroboration of dangerous driving. Officers did not observe erratic driving, but acted after dispatchers received a 911 call saying a vehicle had run the caller off the road and identifying it by its model, color and license plate. Officers searched the truck after smelling marijuana, found four large bags of it and arrested driver Lorenzo Prado Navarette and passenger Jose Prado Navarette. They want the case thrown out.
Those cases will likely be heard early next year.
|Complete Coverage


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Exit wrote:I am deeply disturbed...i checked my keen stats for the first time in aaaaaaaages.
Heres some search strings used to find my site:<P>0. walking in a winter wonderland automation
1. cow boy hunks
2. mark freid (who the hell is that?)
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Disclaimer: This social eReader program I'll be working with over the next few months is launching this weekend, and they asked me to write about the launch. Instead, I decided to write something niceish about my mom. However, they're having a Mother's Day sale with 50% off all ebooks so if you didn't get your mom/baby momma a gift, A) you suck and B) you can get her a nice, inexpensive book through their social eReader here.
When I became a mother 14 years ago, I stopped having the black and red film-grained Robert Rodriguez style dream about murdering my own mother. I stopped dreaming about getting caught in a mudslide engulfing the home I lived in with both of my parents until I was six once I stood in the field where that house once stood.
Time gave me the ability to dream my way through most of the after-shocks of our life together. Twenty Mother's Days later, I'm almost not angry anymore. Twenty Mother's Days later, I can think about her and not feel hate or confusion or sadness, and thanks to the wonder of blogging, I can look back just four short years and see how far I have come with this.
Twenty Mother's Days later, I can remember things about her that were beautiful.
I remember the sweetly salted heady scent of the sides of her breast, the space between where her nightgown ended and her flesh began, where I would tuck myself into her soft, ivory rolls and listen to her read us stories, her voice so beautiful the words on the pages rolled off her lips like a song.
My mother didn't let us read children's books - she said they insulted our intelligence. She also thought a whole lot of them were demonic and/or homosexual, which in her tragically broken mind were equally dangerous threats. Instead we read the Bible, which isn't the least bit traumatic to children oh no, and - here's the one thing that woman did so very right - she read us her books.
She would read to us whenever she was sane enough to. Twenty years ago, I couldn't have remembered this. I think I only do now because I still read her books.
If she'd read me a Golden Books Grover story, I would have long ago forgotten this. Instead, she read me The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy and The History of Physics, over and over again until I could read those books myself, alone in my room, from memory. For her, it was just the choice to read us clever, intellectual things, but for me, it was begin gifted the one perfect, unbroken piece of her to keep forever, untarnished and alive on the pages of those books.
There's a fine line between genius and insanity; my mother is living proof of that.
Because of her genius, I've always read my kids my favorite books, from the time they were babes in arms: Alice in Wonderland, The Phantom Tollbooth, World War Z, and of course, The Hitchhiker's Guide. Because of her insanity, I got to discover Shel Silverstein with my kids, and Robert Munsch and Maurice Sendack and everything in between. So that worked out okay.
My kids have never, and will never, meet my mother. I will never see her again, so long as we both shall live. The only way I can ever give them a piece of her is to share this gift she gave me with them, and so when we can, we snuggle up on the couch, me just soft and round enough for them to sink into, them still just small enough to fit under the fold of my arm, and we read together.
And somehow, oddly, she's there with us. And I'm okay with that.


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Lutheran won the Big Northern and finished sixth in the state in Class 1A, but longtime rival Byron seems poised to pass the Crusaders as the top area small-school girls golf team this year.
Lutheran won the Big Northern and finished sixth in the state in Class 1A, but longtime rival Byron seems poised to pass the Crusaders as the top area small-school girls golf team this year.
Lutheran returns its No. 2 (Kelsey Page) and No. 4 (Sofia Kaplanes) golfers from last year, but graduated four starters, including Bailey Peck, who finished fourth in the state.
"I am rebuilding with four new girls," said Lutheran coach Joe Lodico, who also returns Molly Jacobsen, who played for the Crusaders but did not crack the top six a year ago. "We are pretty green."
That doesn't mean the Crusaders can't still dream big. Just not big as a team.
"I hope to take Kelsey and Sofia to state," Lodico said.
Byron will be led by the senior trio of Rachel Hopkins, Caity Druien and Kaitlin Watson. "We have a good mix of experience and youth, and the leadership from our upperclassmen has been remarkable," second-year coach Carl Setterstrom said. "Our numbers have doubled this year, and this group has been playing all summer."
Burlington Central and Richmond-Burton are favored, along with Byron, in the Big Northern.
Oregon has the minimum four golfers to form a team with sophomore Abby Martin and freshmen Abi Scheidecker, Ali Scheidecker and Haley Repass. "This is a cool experience to have these young ladies out so we can get this girls golf program finally," said Jim Spratt, the sixth-year boys coach who will also lead the girls for the first time. "These girls know how to play golf. As they mature as golfers and athletes, I think they are going to be very competitive over not only this year, but years to come."
Stillman Valley lost two golfers who moved away and a third who decided to play a different sport, but still returns sophomores Kenzie Flynn, Kaitlyn Fitzsimmons and Allie Alexander and add freshmen Becca Brown, Meghan Gear, Natalie Williams and Savannah Giddings. "I am still optimistic because the three girls we have returning all worked really hard this summer to improve and the new additions show a lot of promise," coach Ryan Dessing said.
Genoa-Kingston returns Andrea Strohmeier, Katie Thurlby, Kayla Craig from a team that won the school's first regional golf title, but graduated state qualifier Emily Wakeley.
Rockford Christian returns four of its six varsity golfers, two juniors and two sophomores, from a team that finished 4-9 in dual meets and sixth in the Big Northern. "We hope to build on their varsity experience and see improvements the next two seasons," eighth-year coach Andy Graber said.
Marengo will be led by Monica Millard and CJ Weber. "We have a lot of new golfers," sixth-year coach Nate Wright said.
"We are inexperienced, so our team record isn't our concern. I am looking forward to getting some new players excited about the game of golf and improving over the season."
Winnebago had two individuals last year, but now has a team, led by seniors Allison Parlapiano and Kayla Wilson.
"With this being the first-ever Winnebago girls golf team, it's hard to predict where we may finish in the conference," coach Roger Anderson said. "To get at least one girl to advance to the sectional is a goal."
Eastland has a full six-girl team this season, a rarity in the NUIC, where the smaller schools seldom even have the four girls golfers necessary for a team score.
"I hope it continues," coach Jason Hill said. "In small schools, you sometimes get players in waves. I hope it's growing. It should. Golf is a good avenue for girls to get a scholarship and it's a good sport for them to learn."
A year ago, Eastland had five players and finished second in the regional and sixth at sectionals.
The Cougars return four of their five players, including Karissa Friedag, who was a regional champion as a freshman, but graduated state qualifier Alex Moutrey. Aslo back are: Kori Freidag (Sr), Izy Todd (Sr) and Samantha Feltenz (Sr) and add Grace Norton (Fresh) and Gabby (Jr). Milledgeville) jr.
Pearl City will also field a team with five golfers and they should continue to have a team since they are four sophomores (Abby Endress, Alyssa Johnson, Kalli Kaney and Brooke Stephan) and one freshman (Macayla Pilson).
"This is the first time we have had a girls team," coach Scott Woodley said, "so I am really looking at this season for them as a new opportunity."
Lena-Winslow will be led by Lexi Graf and Callie Raders.
Dakota has two first-time high school golfers in sophomores Carson Kaiser and Alivia Lohmeier.
Matt Trowbridge: 815-987-1383; email@example.com; @matttrowbridge


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William Lamb
Melbourne, William Lamb, 2d Viscount
William Lamb Melbourne, 2d Viscount (mĕl´bərn), 1779–1848, British statesman. He entered Parliament as a Whig in 1805, was (1827–28) chief secretary for Ireland, and entered (1828) the House of Lords on the death of his father. As home secretary (1830–34) for the 2d Earl Grey, his vigorous suppression of agrarian disturbances and trade unionism (see Tolpuddle Martyrs) ended a reputation for indolence. A believer in aristocratic government, unsympathetic with middle-class political and economic aims, Melbourne accepted the Reform Bill of 1832 as a political necessity.
As prime minister (1834, 1835–39, 1839–41) his views brought him support from Whigs and moderate Tories, and he excluded radicals from his ministries. He conceded such reforms as amendment of the poor law (1834), the Municipal Corporations Act (1835), and liberalization of the Canadian government. He was also conciliatory in his policy toward Ireland. However, he resisted further parliamentary reform and repeal of the corn laws.
Melbourne viewed the prime ministership as a supervisory position; cabinet members, such as Lord Palmerston, played a vital role in developing policy. Handsome and urbane, Melbourne was a favorite of the young Queen Victoria and taught her important lessons in statecraft. It was at her request that he returned to office (1839) after Sir Robert Peel resigned over a disagreement with the queen.
Melbourne's wife, Lady Caroline Lamb, 1785–1828, was clever and beautiful, but also eccentric, impulsive, and indiscreet. She is remembered less for the minor novels that she wrote than for her love affair with Lord Byron. Lady Caroline and her husband separated in 1825.
See Lord Melbourne's papers (ed. by L. C. Sanders, 1889, repr. 1971); biography of him by Lord David Cecil (1954, repr. 1965); biography of his wife by H. Blyth (1972).


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It turns out Japanese girls really do sound like Anime when you brutally fucked them in bondage!
This time, with Marica Hase, all of the bondage is completely spontaneous. That means every part of this brutal fucking is a surprise to her. We gave her a taste of home with handmade, Japanese style nipple clamps. Then we introduce a cock to the very back of her throat until she is gagging on it. The deep throat spit covering her face is a humiliating sign of how roughly she is getting used....
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Sorry for the lack of product reviews guys! I have the amazing amazing huge box full of samples and purchases I am dying to review for you but I just haven't got the time to crack things open and photograph them as well. Hang tight, there's lots of good things coming up and a video.
Now – I was surfing eBay again and I noticed some 'Calorie Off' weight loss products. Calorie Off sells a range of tights and socks, that encourage weight loss.
What did make me laugh if that their brand icon is….yep, its a pig. Pig = Porky. Not just any pig, a really stupid looking pig:
For comparison purposes, here is an intelligent looking pig:
I find it hilarious, but I'm self deprecating, plus you gotta to love the source of Bacon. At the same time, its a bit silly – like advertising glasses and using a mole or a bat, or a molat, a bat-mole hybrid.
So – what do you think? Find it insulting? Or do you appreciate the sense of humour? Or don't find it relevant at all? Would you join Weightwatchers if their spokesmodels weren't all generic mid-30s white woman dressed in hideous stretch stonewash high-wasted Jeans but….well, pigs?


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I prefer dirt.
When I was building stick ball course'sWe used a lot of zoyza sod around pothole bunkersFor collers around the greenAround drain openingsSometimes wash out areasFairwars bluegrassRough fescue, or some other native grassTypically we installed a lot of drain tile to prevent washoutsAs far as seeding, light straw on top will hold moisture, and help keep some from birdsBut then again, sprinkler systems were install