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Wedding wisdom from our May featured couple, Dre & Will!Read More
From Myspace to marriage, Ray & Simon share their special day & wedding wisdom for those getting ready to tie the knot.Read More
Wedding wisdom from our May featured couple, Dre & Will!Read More
From Myspace to marriage, Ray & Simon share their special day & wedding wisdom for those getting ready to tie the knot.Read More
The following questions are meant to help you prepare for the period between knowing you're going to ask your man to marry you and your big day.Open Section
These questions and recommendations will help focus you on what matters most for your ceremony and making sure that you are as present as possible for the moment when you say: "I do!"Open Section
These pointers are intended to make sure you create the most memorable experience for you and your guests, focusing you on the fun of planning.Open Section
The following questions are meant to help you prepare for the period between knowing you're going to ask your man to marry you and your big day. These are intended to get you thinking about what really matters during this exciting time and to help you make the best choices for planning your wedding.
In what way could you ask each other to marry?
What would you like to offer each other as a symbol of your engagement?
What will it mean to you both for one of you to ask for the other's parents' blessing and pop the question "on bended knee?"
Does one of you want to do the asking?
Do you want to make a more formal announcement printing announcement cards and mailing them individually?
Should yours be more "light-hearted" and use a digital mailing service?
Is it worth the money for you to have dedicated photography (and "rehearse" your potential wedding photographer) and announce your engagement along with a photo?
Do you make an occasion of the announcement and invite your friends and family to a cocktail party?
How much do you truly understand each other's vision and means for your wedding?
Have you appreciated the differences in ideas you have for your wedding?
On what are you each willing to compromise or create a new idea around where your visions differ?
How much can you spend on your wedding without incurring any debt that will allow you to host your guests in the way that best represents you as a couple?
Based on your budget, do you need to envision your wedding differently?
Are you fully aligned with each other on what you want and what you can create for your wedding? If not, keep talking.
At the end of your wedding, what do you want for yourselves and others to have remembered from it?
Based on your vision for your wedding, where do you want to get married?
Based on your budget, where can you get married?
Based on whom you want to attend your wedding, where does it make most sense to host it?
In how much time do you think you can plan (and enjoy planning) your wedding?
Do you want to wait longer than planned to allow for a particular season, date or venue?
Will your work demands allow you the right amount of time to plan and take off for your selected date?
Is there a date more convenient for you, your guests or your budget?
Discuss in advance a few ground rules surrounding how much you're willing to spend, and the type of wedding you would like to host. A completely DIY wedding can be just as memorable as a lavish, formal event.
Your wedding should be a reflection of your personalities and lifestyle, without the burden of incurring debt. Debt is not a lifestyle!
Who could you include to help make a preliminary budget for your wedding to help understand what your vision for the big day will cost?
Will your family share in some or all of the expense of the wedding?
Are there friends you could ask to contribute their skills – florists, bakers, musicians – as your wedding gift?
How will you hold each other accountable to your shared vision and agreed to budget for your wedding?
What venue(s) most encapsulate(s) your personalities, history together or vision for your life as husbands?
Does that venue provide space for your ceremony and reception? Or will you have opportunity to select a second venue?
Does your venue allow outside vendors (catering, florals) or are you required to use the venue's suppliers?
Were you to opt for outside partners, how accessible is your venue? Delivery and transportation costs can add up quickly if your venue is tucked away.
When considering an outdoor venue, consider all weather contingency plans.
When considering a destination venue, consider the impact it might have on your guests. For a destination wedding give your guests the most possible time to plan, accumulate miles and save up!
Does your wedding venue/destination allow you to provide your guests with the multiple options for lodging? Price-points, types of venues, even home stays?
What opportunities can you create for people to experience the destination you've selected beyond your wedding?
When thinking about a concept for your wedding, how do you typically entertain? Of the weddings and parties you have you enjoyed most, what did you most like of them? Which elements felt like you? When deciding about a theme for your wedding, consider your favorite colors, personal or decorating style, activity, destination, historical era or even fantasy! Each of these areas will help you hone in an concept against which you can make many of your experience decisions.
Like with everything to do with your wedding, share with each other the "why" for your ideas for concept and style, and align the ones that most resonate for you both. Keep talking until you hone in on the concept you both most like.
Discuss with one another how a registry may help your guests purchase something you want or need, and reduce the stress associated with selecting the perfect gift.
What gifts will provide you with lasting memories by becoming meaningful reminders of those you love?
People will want to give you a gift, so provide them a range of options. From different price points, to including their presence at your destination wedding, to helping create your wedding experience.
You will want to be reminded of the people who attended your wedding, but gifts might not be the only way. Consider charities, asking people to contribute to your honeymoon, asking people to share their memory of their time celebrating through a picture or a letter
The site serves your guests and you equally. The more information you provide your guests, the less they will reach out to you.
Look at other couples' sites to assess what information they included, what look they opted for (make sure your site relates to your concept!) and what platform they used (Wedding Wire, Squarespace). This will help you understand what you need to include and how complex programming it might be.
Consider using your site as the destination your friends, family and guests can turn to from the moment you get engaged.
Use photos from your engagement and your life together to bring your website to life.
Your guest list is about two things: first enjoying the most memorable day of you life with those you love most and second, not blowing the budget.
Start by determining your list and building your budget or, vice versa; how many people does your budget allow you to invite.
Assemble your lists independently and share with each other why you've included the guests you have. Allow each other to appreciate why someone is important and together determine the parameters for including (or not) people among your guests.
Generously negotiate your lists. Consider how you can recognize, without including, everyone you've decided not to invite.
What value do you want to place on your invitations? Think about how they relate to your personalities, your theme and your budget, not to mention the fact that people will likely only refer to these once.
What tone should your invitation set for your wedding? Consider the design, wording and even medium for delivering it.
When ordering invitations, think about all of the printed material you are thinking of using: invitations, programs, thank you cards, menus, place cards, etc. How should they relate? Can one designer and printer supply all? Is an electronic version viable?
What experience do you have in planning and coordinating an event of the scale of your wedding?
Based on your planning experience, where will you need most help? Do you have the right contacts to create your wedding? Do you have people willing to help in the areas where you're less than expert or don't have a trusted partner?
How much time do you have to plan your wedding? Now double that estimate (!) and now consider how much time you have relative to your work, other obligations and simply enjoying the experience of being engaged.
Based on your answers above, what value will having a wedding planner bring you? And, for how long might you need one? Perhaps you can handle a lot of the upfront work, but will want someone on the day to allow you to focus solely on your wedding experience.
Consider creating a team of people to help you and your planner, and especially to run interference for you on the actual day.
These questions and recommendations will help focus you on what matters most for your ceremony and making sure that you are as present as possible for the moment when you say: "I do!"
How much do you want to integrate faith or spirituality into your ceremony?
Who best represents your faith or spirituality? Is this person available to preside over your ceremony?
Make sure that the person you choose to pronounce you husband and husband is legally recognized to do so. Marriage laws differ state-by-state.
Consider spending meaningful time with your officiant – individually and as a couple – over the course of your engagement so he or she gets to really know you and make their words about you at your ceremony as resonant as possible.
Whom would you like to include in your ceremony? Share with each other why you've included those you've included.
How would you like to include them: in your groom's party, as readers, ring bearers, ushers, etc.?
Create an opportunity before your wedding to get together with your wedding party and share with them the significance of each person you've included. Take the time to enjoy this group outside of the wedding day when there will be many others you'll want to spend time with.
In what ways would you like to make your ceremony unique? Or, would you like yours to be a traditional ceremony? .
Spend time with your officiant to agree what you'd like said and read during the ceremony.
And, consider how the officiant words might compliment your vows.
What do you want to share with and pledge to your husband-to-be through your vows? Will you use traditional vows or write your own?
If writing your own, take as much time as you can to write and edit and rewrite and understand your vows. These are the most important words you will say to your husband. Think about how your partner has influenced and changed your life, and how your life will progress going forward. Think about what you, as a couple, will contribute to each other and your friends and family. Share intimate moments of your relationship that helped make you realize your husband-to-be was meant for you.
What are the readings and passages that most resonate with you as individuals and as a couple? These don't have to be about love and marriage, necessarily. They could also be words that have guided you to this point, or that will going forward. Consider asking your readers for suggestions based on their experience of you.
What music most encapsulates you both as individuals and as a couple? Work with your planner or officiant to decide what to play when and determine if you want it played live or otherwise. Use your program to share with your guests how the music is relevant.
Like with your guest list, understand from each other who matters most to include at the rehearsal dinner. And, make sure you follow your same budgetary guidelines.
Consider asking selected people to toast you, and asking others to write their toast to you. This will help manage the duration of toasting. An MC for the evening can help keep the toasts moving swiftly and appropriately!
Allow yourselves ample time to greet all of your guests and, most importantly, introduce them to each other. This will help make for an even livelier reception.
Will your engagement ring serve as your wedding band or will you have a separate one for each occasion?
It is solely up to you if you'd like matching or individual bands, custom made or jewelry store-bought. Have fun exploring all of the options.
In what clothes do you feel your best? In what clothes do you most enjoy seeing your husband? Do these styles match your wedding? Is it OK if they don't?
Are your styles such that you want to wear the same look? If not, what could you each wear to complement each other?
In what clothes would you like your guests to be present at your wedding?
How will you feel looking back on these outfits in 30 years? Should you consider a different style to ensure your photos are timeless?
How much effort do you want to put into getting "camera ready" shape?
Is there someone you could recruit to help you select your wedding outfits – friend, sibling, personal shopper, tailor?
Make a shortlist of your favorite photographers. Spend some time getting to know them as you want to select them based on their style of photography, but also on the simpatico among you. Ask yourselves if you want this photogrpaher as a guest at your wedding?
What do you like most about your favorite photos: of yourself, of yourselves, of other weddings? Share these photos and opinions with your photographer.
Consider everyone on your guest list and with whom you'd like your photographer to capture a moment among you.
All of the above applies to any videographers you might be considering.
These pointers are intended to make sure you create the most memorable experience for you and your guests, focusing you on the fun of planning.
How could your reception venue add to or complement your overall wedding experience?
Are you asking too much of your venue by making it something it is not?
Make sure the venue does not inadvertently complicate the experience for your vendors by being difficult to reach, limiting the use of outside vendors, requiring additional infrastructure such as power, facilities or otherwise.
Does the value of the venue exceed the cost? Could you deliver the same experience somewhere else?
How does the experience you want to have for you and your guests influence the menu and serving style? Is a casual buffet or family-style platters more aligned? Or, is a plated dinner more in keeping with your idea for the reception?
Plan your reception prior to dinner to allow guests to mix and mingle and most importantly offer their congratulations, not to mention take the selfies.
Have fun and take your time exploring caterers and menus. And, don't forget to work with your bartenders to create cocktails or mocktails to create an added element of uniqueness to your reception.
Like with your ceremony, how much does tradition matter to you when it comes to the cake, cake toppers and cake cutting?
Are there other desserts that more accurately reflect who you are?
Schedule tastings at least three recommended bakers.
Keep in mind that while a cake may be beautiful in pictures, it's the flavor everyone remembers.
Coordinate the design, frosting and décor of the cake with your style and colors.
What appeals to you about flowers? The color, a particular bloom, a scent? Start there when deciding the initial direction for your flowers.
Get recommendations for local florists that are known for their quality and design esthetic.
Provide the florist with photographs and examples of flowers and designs you love. And, do not hesitate to ask the florist to create an actual samples: of the centerpieces, boutonnieres, bouquets (if someone will be carrying one), etc. Learn what different flowers cost and the value that florals will bring to your wedding.
What more does your experience require beyond the venue, menu, florals?
What personal touches could you add to your concept to make it even more personal?
Lighting is perhaps the most significant way to create a unique atmosphere for your event.
Can you make your décor a gift to your guests by allowing them to take elements of it such as the flowers, candles or other tokens?
How do you like hearing your favorite songs played? As they were originally recorded or played live? This will help determine if you prefer a DJ or a band.
Could your budget support you having live music during your reception and dinner, and a DJ for dancing? Or vice-versa?
How might your playlist include all of your guests' musical preferences? Make sure everyone has a song to sing along or dance to throughout the night.
Tell your band or DJ the exact songs you want played.
Does your venue allow for you to place more and smaller tables such to create more intimate groups? Or, is a long, family-style set up more appropriate for your experience?
For each table, determine whom you'd like to see connecting with each other, whether its people that already know each other, all share a common interest or folks you think will enjoy meeting for the first time.
Do you have the time to assign individual seats or is assigning groups to table more manageable for you? No matter, work on seating over time to allow new and old connections among people to come clear to you.
Whose toast deserves pride of place during the reception? Do you want people other than the best men or women and your parents to participate?
If you are to toast, make sure you prepare this gesture as thoroughly as you did your vows. Now is a time to meaningfully recognize all who have played, and will play, a role in your marriage.
Consider having an MC to keep toasts short and moving swiftly.


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Luxury 'Downton' Afternoon Tea at The BorrowdaleBorrowdale Hotel, Cumbria
Fri, November 15th 12:00 pm - 5:00 pm
For the Lord Crawley's or Lady Grantham's among us we have introduced a very classic afternoon tea in the style of Downton Abbey. Enjoy smoked salmon pinwheels, chocolate-dipped éclairs and madeleines; while those hankering for below-stairs pleasures can scoff scones, Borrowdale tea bread, rum butter and bread pudding.
Every Friday and Saturday during November and December, starting 15th November.
£16.95 per person
Call us on 017687 77224 to book.
« Le Beaujolais Nouveau Est Arrivé (The New Beaujolais Has Arrived!)

subset: commoncrawl


text: First Ride - 2017 Suzuki GSX 250R August 4, 2017First RideChaseontwowheelsComment Body Position Throttle Response Handling Ease of Use Perceived Weight Check out the video on YouTube!Similar Bikes First Ride Newsletter Join the C2W newsletter to be the first to get the latest updates, news and info on the First Ride series on the Chaseontwowheels YouTube channel! Email Address Sign Up Information shared here will remain private and not be shared ANYWHERE. Thank you! Bike provided by:


text: Lisa Marie Presley is suing the Daily Mail for writing an article mocking her weight gain. She says the article "forced" her to announce her pregnancy." • Speaking of weight gain, Valerie Bertinelli said she embarked on her Jenny Craig journey because Victoria Principal implied she was chubby. "She asked point-blank how much I weighed... Nervously, I told her, 168, and it almost took her breath away. It was the kind of politely horrified reaction that had turned me into a Hollywood hermit." • Paris Hilton has been wearing a ring on her ring finger with the initials "B.M." branded on it. Some say it stands for Paris's new flame Benji Madden, but in our hearts it will always stand for bowel movement. [Reuters , National Post, Us Weekly]


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Good luck and keep a positive outlook.Prompt: Write an essay about yourself, your interests and plans for the future?
Is the intro too cheesy? Haven't heard this expression for years.
Does the last paragraph seem unsure? No! Will that hurt me?
Any other mistakes or suggestions? I think your use of "revitalize" should include an object e.g. "me".
Rough Draft I would consider this as anything but "rough". I think it's great.
"I Am a Story"
I am different. I am unique. I am driven and passionate. But there is so much more to me than simple words. I am a story. (A great intro)
Raised in central Mississippi suburbia, I was brought up in an ideal atmosphere. A large group of loving family surrounded me from my first moments of life. Despite a flawless childhood, pressure began to mount as I progressed into my preteen years at Saint Andrew's Episcopal School, known as the most academically challenging college preparatory institute in the state of Mississippi. The added stress of the intense curriculum launched me into a severe state of emotional recession, and at the age of twelve I was diagnosed with clinical depression. I became socially withdrawn and quiet, living within my own mind. I began spending an inordinate amount of time alone in my room studying in order to keep exceptional grades: the one thing that I felt that I could control. The once active softball and basketball player with a giggly personality diminished. At thirteen, I saw my life as hopeless. I felt that any potential that I had ever possessed disappeared with my happiness. Little did I know that hope would revitalize from an unconventional source.
On September 18, 2006, I received an early Christmas gift that changed my life for the better: a small, gorgeous buckskin colored mare with a silky black mane and tail. Apart from the ponies at the state fair, I had never ridden a horse before, but from the moment I stepped into the stirrup it seemed as if I had an innate talent, a destiny, of sorts. I pin this memory as the beginning of a lifelong journey to concentrate on not only my efforts as an equestrian, but also the health and welfare of all animals.
Before I began my journey as a rider I was convinced that Veterinary Science was the right profession for me. Throughout my high school career, I toggled with my plans for the future. I shadowed various veterinarians, volunteered with multiple rescue associations, as well as a therapeutic riding center, and worked with a well-respected AQHA Professional Horseman. However, after the experience of working with such well respected horsemen, I now know that horses must also have a place in my career. At the current time, I plan to double major in both Western Equestrian Studies and Pre-Vet programs. I am aware of the many challenges I face in choosing to double major in such intensive programs, but I am confident in my own abilities to accomplish what I desire. I am convinced that the University of Findlay has the capability to help me accomplish remarkable achievements.
Student or Learner


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Make Your Stay Super
Jump start the day with free breakfast
We offer free high-speed Internet, cable TV, RV or truck parking, as well as non-smoking and accessible rooms. Book a hot tub suite for a soothing night. Work out in the fitness center or catch up on your laundry in our guest laundromat. Begin your day with a free 8-item SuperStart breakfast before getting back on the road.
Things to Do
Enjoy the open prairie at Wilderness Park, play golf, or check out a seasonal festival
If golf is your game, hit the links at Indian Trails Country Club and play 18 holes overlooking Elkhorn River Valley. Head out to Wilderness Park and fly a kite on the gorgeous open prairie or take in a number of seasonal festivals in West Point.
Meetings and Events at Our Super 8
With 1008 square feet of event space, our hotel features 1 meeting room. Plan your next meeting or special event with us. We also arrange great rates for groups — large or small.


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Jump to navigation Jump to search
Template:Pottermoreold Template:Wonderpotionsold The following events occurred in the first decade of the 1900s:
- 1900: Angus Buchanan publishes My Life As A Squib, which instantly becomes a worldwide bestseller, bringing the plight of the Squibs to the wizarding world's attention.[1]
- 1901: The Moontrimmer broom is created by Gladys Boothby.[2]
- 1901: Queen Victoria dies. Minister for Magic Faris Spavin, aged 145, attends her funeral wearing an admiral's hat and spats. In response, the Wizengamot gently suggests he step down as Minister for Magic.[3]
- 1902: A performance of Musidora Barkwith's Wizarding Suite blows off the roof of Ackerley Town Hall.[4] Roderick Plumpton leads the Tutshill Tornados to five British and Irish League wins.[5]
- 1903: Faris Spavin retires from the post of Minister for Magic, and is succeeded by Venusia Crickerly.[3]
- 1904: The seventy-second Wizarding Schools Potions Championship is held.[6]
- 1907: Tolipan Blemish Blitzer is first produced.[7]
- 1908 or 1909: Newton Scamander starts at Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry.[8] He is Sorted into Hufflepuff.[9]
- Between 1900 and 1907: Morfin Gaunt to Marvolo Gaunt and his wife
- 1900: Perpetua Fancourt[4]
- 1901: Arcturus Black III to Sirius Black II and Hesper Gamp[10]
- 1903: Roland Kegg[4]
- 1903: Tilly Toke[4]
- 1904: Lycoris Black to Sirius Black II and Hesper Gamp[10]
- 1905: Tom Riddle Sr. to Thomas and Mary Riddle[11]
- 1906: Regulus Black I to Sirius Black II and Hesper Gamp[10]
- c. 1907: Merope Gaunt to Marvolo Gaunt and his wife[12]
- c. 1908: Mrs. Cole[13]
See also[edit]
External links[edit]
Notes and references[edit]
- ↑ Pottermore - New from J.K. Rowling: "J.K. Rowling on Scottish Rugby"
- ↑ Quidditch Through the Ages - Chapter 9 (The Development of the Racing Broom)
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Pottermore - New from J.K. Rowling: "Ministers for Magic"
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone (video game) Template:FWC mention
- ↑ Quidditch Through the Ages - Chapter 7 (Quidditch Teams of Britain and Ireland)
- ↑ Wonderbook: Book of Potions
- ↑ Harry Potter Limited Edition - A Guide to the Graphic Arts Department: Posters, Prints, and Publications from the Harry Potter Films (see this image)
- ↑ Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them - About the Author
- ↑ Pottermore
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 Black family tree
- ↑ Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire (film)
- ↑ In Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince - Chapter 10 (The House of Gaunt), we learn that Tom Riddle was born a year after Merope Gaunt and Tom Riddle Sr.'s marriage. As we know Riddle was born in 1926, this would place the marriage in 1925. In the same chapter, we learn that the incident with Bob Ogden and the imprisonment of Marvolo and Morfin was "a few months" before the marriage (so, it was in either 1924 or 1925). As she was eighteen years old at the time of Marvolo and Morfin's imprisonment, she was born in around 1907.
- ↑ Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince - Chapter 13 (The Secret Riddle)
- ↑ Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows: Part 1 Template:See image


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Hello Scoli friends,
It has been quite a while since I have posted, but I have been lurking around for some time. Ever since my first surgery I have always had problems with pain.
Becoming worse in the past 6 months. The end of November I squatted down to put something in the bottom of my refrigerator and felt and heard a POP, the pain was extreme. I could barely walk, sit or lay down. I used ice and took some hydrocodone and a muscle relaxer that I still had lying around and after awhile the pain subsided enough that I could move. The next day I went to see Dr. Chapman (he is a surgeon here in my home town who follows me) and xrays showed no break and he told me that I probably tore a muscle (the pain was in my left sacral joint area mostly). said it would heal in 8-10 weeks. I took a week off of work to try and recover. I did get a little better for a short while and then I started having more pain and pressure in other areas of my back, I was missing work often and spending a lot of time in bed. On Dec 18th I was driving home from work and felt what I can only describe as an electric jolt with another loud POP. Again the pain was extreme, I had to pull over and collect my self before I could continue driving. I called the Dr and asked for some stronger pain meds, he prescribed some and also a medrol dose pack (thought it was inflammation) and a work release. I continued to get worse and on Dec 23rd went back in, he took another set of xrays and told me that I had an area of non-union and BOTH of my rods were broken. I was devastated. He said one rod must have broke in Nov and it just didn't show up on xray. ( I saw the xray also, it wasn't there). I am in constant pain and haven't been able to lay down flat since xmas day. I am bent forward and have resorted back to using a cane to help me walk. My surgeon Dr. Lenke cannot even see me for 3 months. I will not make it that long. I am scheduled to have surgery here in my hometown on Jan 21st. Please keep me in your thoughts. I am living a nightmare and I can't wake up.


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It's been a while since I uploaded any Sanrio characters lately so today I will continue the day by showing you all "how to draw Sugarbunnies", step by step. These adorable bunnies are suppose to be different colored twins named Shirousa and Kirousa. They where introduced to the Sanrio team in 2004 and since then they have been making people smile from their cuteness. Shirousa and Kurousa are really into making tasty sweets and pastries for others. Drawing Sugarbunnies is probably going to be the cuteness characters you will tackle today. Have fun and leave some feedback so others know what you think.
DragoArt members upload artwork and drawing tutorials! They are also allowed to leave comments on tutorials, profiles, etc. Many more features, as well; it's way better than just being a boring guest! Register Now!


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For you who are having the crummiest days ever, and you who are having the best days of your lives. For you who could use a hug, and you who always give the hugs. For you who are human, and you who just want to feel more human… This recap post is for you. All of you.
This is this week's "Best-Of" batch!
The following collection features all of *your* top-shared and top-performing favorite things that I've come across and shared (in my Favorite Things posts) while adventuring around Facebook and the internet this week. I hope these installments have made your last seven days just a little more awesome. Bringing it to you is always certainly a good part of my own. Enjoy.


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Next Episode of The Daytime Emmy Awards is
The Daytime Emmy Award is an American accolade bestowed by the New York–based National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences and the Los Angeles–based Academy of Television Arts & Sciences in recognition of excellence in American daytime television programming.
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Appropriate estimator for path model ...
Mplus Discussion
Structural Equation Modeling
posted on Friday, September 06, 2002 - 10:58 pm
I am doing two path models. One is nested, and i want to compare the two using a chi-square difference test. Some variables are not normal, so as i understand things, i will need to use an estimator with robust statistics. All variables are continuous. Can you recommend which estimators are most appropriate?
Linda K. Muthen
posted on Saturday, September 07, 2002 - 9:11 am
The only robust estimator for continuous outcomes that can be used for difference testing is MLM. A scaling correction factor is given in the Mplus output and an explanation of how to do difference testing using MLM is given on the Mplus website.
posted on Monday, November 18, 2002 - 1:21 pm
Hello, Linda,
In psychology field, exponential variable is quite common in practice.
If in the SEM there are categorical, normal and exponential variables, is Mplus still useful? which procedure do you recommond? if not, Can you create special programm (variables are mixture of categorical, normal and exponential) for common use in SEM.
posted on Monday, November 18, 2002 - 5:19 pm
I think you are referring to a variable with an exponential distribution. Mplus does not handle such outcomes. Unless a transformation can be done, I am not sure that approximating this as continuous or categorical is recommendable. With enough uses for these kinds of outcomes, the Mplus team might be motivated to add this feature to their list of future expansions.
posted on Wednesday, March 26, 2003 - 4:06 pm
I'm new to Mplus and wanted to know whether Mplus has the bootstrapp option? If so, what is it? Also are there any good recent papers on bootstrapping that is in Mplus?
posted on Wednesday, March 26, 2003 - 4:08 pm
The current version of Mplus does not have a bootstrap option, but it is on a future wish list. If many users are interested in this, the Mplus team will consider the request.
Tor Neilands
posted on Friday, June 17, 2005 - 9:12 pm
I'm interested in learning more about the MLR estimator that is suitable for use with clustered or non-clustered non-normal continuous or categorical observed variables. I've read Yuan and Bentler's 2000 article and understand that MLR traces its origins to White's 1982 sandwich variance estimator as well as Satorra and Bentler's seminal work that lead to the widely used T_MLM estimator.
Can you tell me how MLR differs from the usual White sandwich estimator that is used routinely in packages such as SAS (e.g., PROC GENMOD) and Stata (via the -robust- option in most estimation commands)? I know that MLR assumes incomplete data arise from a MAR process whereas the White sandwich estimator assumes incomplete data arise from an MCAR process, but I am curious to learn, in broad strokes, the differences in computation between these two approaches.
Also, if I wanted to compute T_MLR and associated standard errors manually from the outputs of a SEM program such as Mplus, how would I go about doing it?
With many thanks,
Tor Neilands
posted on Sunday, June 19, 2005 - 5:14 am
The MLR formulas are in the Tech appendix 8 on the website. It is the sandwich approach which is the same as White. The missing data aspect comes in by using an observed instead of an expected info matrix in this expression. MAR vs MCAR affects the parameter estimates not the standard errors.
I don't think you can easily compute T_MLR and associated standard errors from the output.
posted on Tuesday, August 05, 2008 - 7:40 am
I noted a slight (but for me important) difference between the third and fifth edition of the users guide. In the third edition it says that "the MLR chi-square test statistic is also referred to as the Yuan-Bentler T2* test statistic" (p. 368), while the fifth edition states that "the MLR chi-square test statistic is ASYMPTOTICALLY equivalent to the Yuan-Bentler T2* test statistic" (p. 484).
a) What is the reason for this change? If in a finite sample MLR chi^2 is NOT equivalent to Yuan-Bentler T2*, how do the two differ?
b) what is the correct reference for MLR chi^2 (Yuan & Bentler 2000?). I checked appendix 8, which contains no reference to Yuan and Bentler.
c) On a related note, am I correct to assume that the MLM chi-square test statistic is equivalent to
the Satorra-Bentler chi-square (even non asymptotically)? What is the correct reference for MLM chi^2 (Satorra & Bentler, 1994?).
Thank you very much for any insights!
Linda K. Muthen
posted on Tuesday, August 05, 2008 - 9:59 am
a) They are supposed to be equivalent, but Mplus and EQS report slightly different results in some cases. I think the main variation in the different computations of the robust statistic is due to the way the information matrix is computed - observed or expected.
b) Full details on MLR are given in
Asparouhov, T. and Muth�n, B. (2005). Multivariate Statistical Modeling with Survey Data. Proceedings of the Federal Committee on Statistical Methodology
(FCSM) Research Conference.
c) Yes.
Joonmo Son
posted on Sunday, May 23, 2010 - 4:48 am
I employ an endogenous variable, number of volunteering hours per month, which might be regarded as a censored measure because one cannot use infinite time for volunteering activities. Is it right that MLM estimator is proper for such censored non-normal endogenous variable? Or should I use a different specialized estimator (e.g., tobit)? Please note that I am using multiply-imputed data sets for path analysis.
Linda K. Muthen
posted on Sunday, May 23, 2010 - 9:50 am
If the variable does not have a piling up of values at one end, I would use MLM or MLR which are robust to non-normality. It it does, I would use the CENSORED option to obtain Tobit modeling.
Joonmo Son
posted on Sunday, May 23, 2010 - 7:27 pm
Thanks for your kind and helpful answer. Would you give me one or two reference(s) dealing with the issue of how MLM takes care of censored continuous dependent variables?
Bengt O. Muthen
posted on Sunday, May 23, 2010 - 9:36 pm
MLM/MLR are for skewed variables without piling up at the end points. CENSORED is for when there is piling up. The model used by CENSORED with ML is described in the regression literature under Tobit regression (Google it) and in factor analysis I have a paper - see
Muth�n, B. (1989). Tobit factor analysis. British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology, 42, 241-250.
Joonmo Son
posted on Monday, May 24, 2010 - 1:11 am
I see your point, and thanks for your reference (I found it!).
Would you mind if I raise a further query to make it clear? My dependent variable (volunteering hours per month) is skewed to the left because many respondents (844 out of 1,523, 55% of the respondents) did not volunteer at all as shown below.
volhours N
0 844
1 25
2 62
3 35
4 76
5 44
80 3
82 1
110 1
112 1
120 1
125 1
200 1
Total 1,523
However, it should be regarded as a right-censored variable because people should have physical limit for maximum use of their time for volunteering. But as you can see, there is no piling up at the right-end point. Do you think that I can use MLM?
Joonmo Son
posted on Monday, May 24, 2010 - 6:25 am
Following on the previous posting: I do not think that my dependent variable involves left-"censoring" because 0 hour of volunteering literally means that the respondents chose not to volunteer. Rather is it plausible to think of it as a count measure that has zero-inflation for which I may employ negative binomial regression? The variable is overdispersed indeed (mean=6.6, S.E.=13.9).
If MLM estimator can be a good estimator to take care of my dependent variable, it would be great. Thanks in advance for your answer.
Bengt O. Muthen
posted on Monday, May 24, 2010 - 8:22 am
You should not treat this variable as a regular continuous variable using MLM or MLR. You have a strong floor effect (844 subjects at 0) which needs a different model than the regular linear model. You can use either censored-normal or count modeling. Treating it as a count variable is probably best. You can use Poisson, Zero-inflated Poisson, or negative binomial. For a discussion of those options, see the Web Talk video on regression with a count dependent variable at
Alexander Kapeller
posted on Sunday, May 15, 2011 - 3:57 am
I am following the discussion of tobit models. Does Mplues calculate the normal tobit or also the tobit type 2 model.
how would i specify the second?
thanks a lot
Bengt O. Muthen
posted on Sunday, May 15, 2011 - 10:17 am
Remind me what Tobit type 2 is - it was about 30 years since I looked at that - was that estimating the censoring point? Mplus only does the classic Tobit of Tobin.
Alexander Kapeller
posted on Sunday, May 15, 2011 - 10:43 am
hi Bengt,
the type 2 model integrates a second y* for an additional process determining the choice part (0;1)
y1= 1 if y1* > 0
y1= 0 if Y1* <=0
y2 =y2* if y1* > 0
y2 =0 if Y1* <=0
with two separate regressions for y1* and y2*.
it is a bivariate sample selection model, equivalent to tobit modell with stchastic treshold and also called probit selection equation.
see Cameron, Adrian Colin; Trivedi, Pravin K. (2009): Microeconometrics. Methods and applications. 8. printing. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press. p 547
Maybe I can replicate this with the two-part model?
Bengt O. Muthen
posted on Sunday, May 15, 2011 - 8:41 pm
Don't know the answer, but the two-part thinking is interesting, with a censored-normal (regular Tobit) model for the y2 part instead of the two-part missingness for y2 when y1=0. But you have to check that you get the right likelihood that way - or check with known results for a data set.
Melissa Hagan
posted on Wednesday, November 09, 2011 - 9:21 am
Apologies if the answers can be found elsewhere in these posts - tried to locate them but could not.
I am conducting a path analysis (all observed variables) with continuous predictors and a continuous outcome. Two of my predictors are count variables and are highly skewed (piling up on the left end - most had few negative events and few alcoholic drinks in the past week). My outcome is a hormone concentration and is usually log-transformed to correct for non-normality. There is missing data I need to account for. Several questions regarding Mplus:
1) Can Mplus "handle" my two skewed count predictors (piling up on left end) and if so, which estimator would you recommend?
2) Given the answer to #1, does it matter that the outcome/dependent variable has been log-transformed?
3) Can missing data (MAR or MCAR) be handled by Mplus if the estimator you recommended in #1 is used?
Thanks in advance!
Linda K. Muthen
posted on Wednesday, November 09, 2011 - 5:44 pm
1-2. There are no distributional assumptions made about covariates. For both the count and continuous variables, transformations that yield a linear relationship might be considered. You might consider not transforming the continuous variable but instead treating it as censored. I would use the MLR estimator.
3. Yes.
Ted Barker
posted on Wednesday, April 25, 2012 - 11:05 am
Is there a range of values of skew in which the MLR estimator functions best?
Many thanks!
Linda K. Muthen
posted on Thursday, April 26, 2012 - 1:48 pm
I know of no articles on this topic. It is a research question.
Tracy Witte
posted on Thursday, April 11, 2013 - 9:14 am
Given that no distributional assumptions are made about covariates, is there any difference in Mplus between a model that specifies as predictor variable as a count variable and leaving that statement out?
Linda K. Muthen
posted on Thursday, April 11, 2013 - 1:22 pm
The COUNT option is for dependent variables only. In regression, all covariates are treated as continuous variables.
Pham Bich Diep
posted on Thursday, August 07, 2014 - 8:40 pm
Dear Drs. Muth�n and Muth�n,
I am very new with SEM and Mplus. I am deeply get stuck which really need your help. I am running several mediation models in which independent variables are latent variables; mediators are latent variables; 4 original outcome variables are including (1) 5 ordered categorical variable; (2) latent variables for example: alcohol problems in which alcohol problems = mean (x1, x2, x3) and x1, x2, x3 = 5 ordered categorical variables.
I transferred all outcome variables into real scale so they become continuous variables. However, it is very much skew (the sknewness is about 9.4 and 7.4 even I used square root transformed)
My questions: (1) if the outcome variables are very much skew, can I till model it with estimator = MLR?
(2) if not, I also think about zero inflated negative binominal regression. Is this ok to use this model? If yes, what outcome variables I should use (the original variables or the transformed ones)? If no, please suggest me what kind of model I should use.
Many thanks and Regards,
Bengt O. Muthen
posted on Friday, August 08, 2014 - 12:03 pm
(1) if your strong skew is due to strong floor or ceiling effects MLR won't help because you may need a non-linear model instead of the standard linear.
(2) Using ZINB assumes that you have a count outcome which it doesn't sound like you have. You can treat the outcomes as ordered categorical (ordinal variables) and let them be indicators of a latent variable.
Howard Li
posted on Friday, June 03, 2016 - 10:50 am
Dear Madam or Sir:
I am using path analysis in my study, evaluating the mediating role of social norm and self-efficacy on the association between community engagement and condom use. The study have four variables as follow:
1. community engagement, 8 items, dichotomy (yer or no)
2. social norm, 6 items, 5 point likert scale
3. self-efficacy, 7 items, 5 point likert scale
4. condom use frequency with different partners, 4 items, and each item is their own outcome.
My question is what estimator I should use in this path analysis using Mplus?
Thank you so much!!!
Linda K. Muthen
posted on Friday, June 03, 2016 - 3:06 pm
When one or more dependent variables are categorical, WLSMV is the default. You can also use ML.
Martin Ratzmann
posted on Wednesday, September 07, 2016 - 12:22 am
Dear Drs. Muthen,
Maybe we use results from mplus for an article. I think we have definitional misunderstandings between co-authors and you can help to clarify this.
First, we have a simple model with five manifest variables:
x1 (number of persons)
x2 (number of doctors)
x3 (a dummy coded variable for operating room)
y1 y2 (concentration of specific particles)
We have included the resulting 2-way-, and 3-way-interaction terms:
Because the data are not normally distributed, we used the MLM estimator.
y1 y2 ON x1 x2 x3
1)A co-author asks, what estimation method is used in model. In my understanding we use the maximum-likelihood-approach and because the data are not normally distributed we choose the Satorra-Bentler corrections. Is that right or may be something else meant?
2)Which references we can cite?
3)Because all variable are manifest. Shall we call the model as OLS regression or SEM?
4)Because the model is "saturated", fit indices will show perfect fit (either zero or 1.0 for most fit indices) and these statistics cannot be used to determine how well the model fits. Which indexes should we report?
Best regards,
Bengt O. Muthen
posted on Wednesday, September 07, 2016 - 5:50 pm
1) You are right.
2) See references on our webpage:
3) I would call it multivariate regression (OLS and ML estimates are the same).
4) I would do the usual regression checks of outliers and plots of residuals.
Martin Ratzmann
posted on Thursday, September 08, 2016 - 1:48 am
I thank you very much!
posted on Thursday, April 12, 2018 - 7:05 am
Hi. I am running a large path analysis with 5 continuous and 2 dichotomous hypothesized mediators between an ordinal exogenous measure and a dichotomous outcome measure.
I'm currently using the Estimator = WLSMV and FIML to account for the different types of variables and missing data.
My question is: 4 of the continuous measures are not normally distributed. I've seen mixed thoughts online about transforming these variables. What would you recommend?
Thank you.
Bengt O. Muthen
posted on Thursday, April 12, 2018 - 12:24 pm
The main issue is if the non-normal variables have strong floor or ceiling effects in which case you might want to use the Censored option.
Note also that mediation with categorical mediators and outcomes are optimally handled by counterfactually-defined indirect and direct effects. See our Mediation page on our website.
posted on Thursday, May 16, 2019 - 7:24 pm
Hi I am running path model with a severely non-normal endogenous variable (skewness: 5.45/kurtosis:36.80). This variable is proportion data (0 to 1). Around 80% of my participants have 0. I found that cubic root is effective in transforming the variable to become relatively normal. At the same time, I am wondering in this case if other models such as censored regression or censored-inflated regression are also appropriate to model my data. If yes, should I use transformation or use other models? Thank you.
Bengt O. Muthen
posted on Friday, May 17, 2019 - 11:14 am
Just use the censored approach - transforming doesn't solve it with an 80% floor effect.
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text:
I had searched all the available issues of newspapers online that I could find but none told me about Lena's father nor could I find anything explaining the multiple names for both Lena and her father. Then, just a few days ago I received an email from an angel, Laura. She had sent me a newspaper page from 1892 with a small article explaining how Lena's father had legally changed his name because he was not raised by his parents, but rather an aunt and uncle. He was always being asked why his name was different from his "parents", was embarrassed, and wanted his name changed to match theirs. I had missed this article!
After a few exchanges of emails, I found that my angel, Laura, was not even related to this family. She apparently was researching someone else and just happened to run across the article. She went online to FamilySearch, found that I had entered information about the family and sent the article to me! How special is that! Laura had taken that extra step, a few extra minutes, and found me! She could have just as easily skipped it and moved on -- but she didn't! She touched my heart!
So to you, Laura, may all your research prove fruitful! And, may all your miracles come to pass!


text:
The exhibit will open the day of the Christmas Parade, Sunday, December 4, 2016 from 2-4 p.m. at the North Little Rock Heritage Center, 506 Main Street in North Little Rock. A must-see of this year's open house will be Union Pacific Credit Union's Train Tree. The twelve-foot tree featuring a Lionel model train winding through is one of only two in the world. The History Commission's own Buddy the Elf will make a special appearance and there will be crafts for the children. Come early for a great spot to view the parade.
North Little Rock Railroads: Building a City tells the story of the railroads that turned a flood-prone swamp on the north side of the river into a major hub of America's rail system. The rail yards, the shops, the depots and related industries provided employment to generations of North Little Rock families and continues to be a major employer in the city today. The exhibit spans the pre-Civil War period through a maze of mergers and acquisitions engineered by captains of industry to the modern era.
The exhibit is free and open to the public. Heritage Center hours are 10 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. Monday through Friday. For more information, call (501)371-0755 or email firstname.lastname@example.com.
The North Little Rock History Commission meets on the second Tuesday at 6:00 p.m. at 506 Main Street. Contact: (501) 371-0755.
> Back to History Main Page
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June 9, 2015
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text:
Wednesday, 16 March 2011
Loneliness of the Cross Country Runner
14 comments:
- Philip Wilkinson said...
Oh a delightful list of unmitigated tours: several of Wilko's Favourite Parts, and a few areas that I'm not familiar with that I look forward to getting to know or to know better. I await the postman with impatience.
- 16 March 2011 at 16:27
- The Vintage Knitter said...
In this case I think you can tell a book from its cover - it looks like its going to be a jolly good read full of glorious pictures. Just my sort of tome!
- 16 March 2011 at 17:50
Hello Peter
Have just got round to reading your interview with Jon Welch in the EDP and am now really looking forward to getting hold of a copy of the new book. As an inhabitant of deepest darkest Norfolk (actually just North of King's Lynn) am particularly looking forward to the report on North Norfolk - was pleased that in the excerpt in the paper you name checked the Campbell's Tower as well as Custom's House.
DW x
- 16 March 2011 at 21:13
- Ron Combo said...
The head on the ale in the glass looks short enough to be a St Peter's Best Bitter. Am I right or am I right? Good luck with the book old bean!
- 16 March 2011 at 23:00
- Peter Ashley said...
Sorry Ron, it's an Adnam's Broadside. But thanks.
- 16 March 2011 at 23:32
- Wartime Housewife said...
Well done that boy.
Ooh Adnam's Broadside - one of my favourites...
- 17 March 2011 at 00:07
- Philip Wilkinson said...
This talk of beer (I had an Adnam's last night funnily enough - out of a bottle as I'm far away from Southwold, but lovely anyway) leads me to a challenge. Can you recommend a suitable local beer for each of your itineraries? Or have you pre-empted me and done so in the book?
- 17 March 2011 at 08:56
- Sue said...
Looks delicious!
(And the book....)
Seriously, congratulations - another one to add to the bookcase in my English pub deep in the heart of Germany.
- 17 March 2011 at 19:54
Why would you lock yourself away with the book? You know it better than anyone! It falls to us to do that.
As to beers, surely we can all join in? Woodefords for North Norfolk; Adnams for Essex Estuaries; Hall & Woodhouse for Wilts/Dorset; Shepherd Neame for Romney Marsh are my starters for 10. Everards for Leicstershire? It would have been Hartleys for Southwest Cumbria, but my spiers say Robinsons have ruined it. Sob.
- 17 March 2011 at 22:08
- Peter Ashley said...
Thankyou all for your good wishes.
Now, the beer debate:
Phil: As you can imagine, beer runs throughout the book in spirit if not by name. But in your neck of the woods, the North Cotswolds, there is passing mention of Donningtons. Which I can't get enough of.
DC: You've made some interesting connections, but for High Lecestershire it has to be Caudle or Bowler from the Langton Brewery; Crouch Bitter for the Essex Estuaries. Sharp's Doom Bar does it for me in North Cornwall, which is interestingly, and perhaps slightly alarmingly, the session bitter in my Leicestershire local.
- 18 March 2011 at 10:35
- Jon Dudley said...
More power to your pen and camera Mr.A. In worthy fashion I shall support my small independent bookshop and make a purchase there. Congratulations!
- 19 March 2011 at 06:00
- Bucks Retronaut said...
I have been known to drive more than 90 miles on the mere promise of a pint of Harveys best in the Duke of Cumberland on Henley Hill near Fernhurst.
That bloke Michelin doesn't know the half of the meaning of "Vaut le Voyage".
- 19 March 2011 at 11:05
- Vinogirl said...
Congrats on yet another book. I shall look for it in a real bookshop when I am home in Blighty next month.
- 19 March 2011 at 21:11
- Philip Wilkinson said...
Peter: Many thanks for the beer notes! I'll be looking out for Doom Bar, of which I'd not heard.
- 20 March 2011 at 10:57


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- a. Where leather comes from
- b. What kinds of hides are used to make leather
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- c. Punching holes
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text:
Slow Cooker Tacos Al Pastor
During our stay in Austin this past month, Kathryne and I lived for a month with our version of a very "minimalist" kitchen.
The house that we rented definitely had some of the basic pots and pans. But in order to do our jobs and cook for a month, we got all Google-spreadsheet-y beforehand and coordinated a few "essential" items to bring along, like my favorite Le Creuset Dutch oven (which we both loved so much we had to schedule times to use it), her favorite food processor (that she can't live without), and a good-quality lime juicer (for regular margarita nights at home, a must). We kept culling back our list to keep things as simple as possible, nixing things like our stand mixers and extra baking dishes that would take up space we didn't have. And at the last second, I decided to also leave my beloved slow cooker back at home in KC.
Never again.
Over the course of the month, I decided unequivocally that having a slow cooker is not an option in my kitchen. It's a must!! I kept having idea after idea while we were down there for various slow cooker recipes that I wanted to make, and with us buzzing all over town during the days in evenings, there was no way I was going to babysit some recipes while they slow cooked on the stove. Patience is not a virtue of mine. So instead, I fired up my crock pot the second I got home and have been slow cooking my way through a delicious list of recipes ever since.
First up? Slow cooker tacos al pastor.
I realized — around the time I ate my 500th taco in Austin — that I had actually never tried making tacos al pastor homemade before. Which is something I immediately needed to address, because I'm a mega fan. I mean, tender pork marinated with fresh pineapple and chiles and lime juice? What's not to love??
Well, let's just say that this classic combination is even more lovable when the slow cooker does all the work for you. No need to babysit a pot on the stove all day. Just puree up the marinade, toss it in the slow cooker with your pork, and let the slow cooker work its magic.
Then a big pot of tender, juicy, flavorful, perfect pork will be yours to enjoy.
I served mine up street-taco-style, with fresh chopped cilantro, onions, and a few lime wedges. And since I had some pineapple leftover, I also tossed in a few tidbits. (Fresh, mind you. Resist any temptation to use canned pineapple in this recipe. Resist!)
If you want, you can also add some crumbly Mexican cheese on top, like cotija or queso fresco. But otherwise, the slow cooked pork is the rockstar of the recipe, so there's not much else you need.
Ah, feels so good to write those words again. Slow cooker, I missed you. :)
Slow Cooker Tacos Al Pastor
This slow cooker tacos al pastor recipe is quick and easy to prepare, full of amazing flavor, and your slow cooker does all the work for you!
- 1 (5-pound) boneless pork shoulder roast (Boston butt), extra fat trimmed off
- 1 (12-oz.) bottle of beer (I used Modelo Negra, or use chicken stock if making this gluten-free)
- 2 chipotles in adobo sauce
- 1 fresh pineapple, peeled and cored, then roughly chopped
- 1/2 cup chopped red onion
- 3 tablespoons chili powder (not cayenne)
- 2 tablespoons fresh lime juice
- 2 tablespoons white vinegar
- 2 teaspoons kosher salt
- 1 teaspoon ground cumin
- 1/2 teaspoon black pepper
- corn tortillas, for serving
- optional toppings: crumbled goat cheese, (extra) diced fresh pineapple, chopped fresh cilantro leaves, chopped red onions, diced avocado, thinly-sliced radishes
Cut the pork shoulder into 2-inch cubes. Add the pork to the bowl of the slow cooker.
Add the chipotles in adobo, pineapple, red onion, chili powder, lime juice, white vinegar, salt, cumin and black pepper to a blender or food processor. Puree until the mixture is completely smooth, about 30-60 seconds. Stir in the beer until it is evenly combined. Then pour the mixture on top of the pork, and toss until the pork is evenly coated.
Cook on low for 8-10 hours, or on high for 4-5 hours, until the pork is completely tender and shreds easily with a fork. Use two forks to shred the pork, then toss it in the remaining juices.
Serve warm on tortillas, garnished with optional toppings.
If you make this recipe, be sure to snap a photo and hashtag it #gimmesomeoven. I'd love to see what you cook!
Leave a Reply to Laura Cancel reply
194 comments on "Slow Cooker Tacos Al Pastor"
Hi there.
I'm having 6-7 girls over this week and I want to make this reciepe for us! I'm thinking everyone will each 2 tacos each — should I double the reciepe? Thanks!
Just made these tonight. Knock your socks off spicy, and so unbelievably delicious!
I have this in the slow cooker right now! A bit concerned with how saucey it already is – does the pork absorb some of the liquid once shredded or should I ladle some out before shredding? Any ideas what to do with the extra sauce? So excited! Thanks for the beautiful recipe! It already smells delicious!
What can I use instead of beer, I'm allergic to alcohol and this recipe makes my mouth water!
my gradma recipe in mexico
is 10pasilla chiles also known as ancho chiles and 10guajillo chiles and two dried chipotle chiles and teaspoon of oregano and five garlic cloves and 1/4 teaspoon of cumin
and 1/2 cup of vinegar and half cup of orange juice and half cup of pineapple juice and a package of achiote paste
Note: SPICY DISH. I really enjoyed the dish, but it was too spicy for my toddler to eat. I reduced how spicy it was by adding a bit of milk, and a tbs of sugar. I wish I would have read the comments before making, and I would have left some of the spicy stuff out. Very good, nonetheless. Thank you!
This looks amazing but I live in Ireland and would be hard pressed to find chipotles in adobo sauce (have to admit I don't even know what adobo is!)… Any suggestions for substitutions? Could I use a jar of jalapeños instead or does it need to be a smokey chili?
I have boneless pork loin roast, would this work in place of the pork shoulder?
Hi there
Making this tomorrow but 2 of us aren't fond of real spicy and my other 3 are lol. Are the Chipotle in adobe sauce spicy? Can I only had half the can? What would you suggest?
Is there a substitute for the chipotle in adobo? I can't have tomatoes or onion! Would a jalapeño work?
Hi! Dying to make this recipe this weekend.. i have a question about the chipotle. By 2 do you mean 2 cans of chipotle in adobo sauce? How many ounces are needed?
Thank you!!
I have a 4 quart crock pot would this recipie fit inside?
Can I prep the meal the day before and put the whole crockpot on the fridge overnight and then cook in the morning?
As a form KC girl relocated to Northern AZ I'm always glad to see your recipes pop up on my Pintrest. Loved this recipe! Simple and delicious! First had Tacos al Pastor in KC at a dive. Amazing! So glad to find a simple version of it! I used frozen pineapple bc fresh aren't in season this time of year. It was still a succes! My father, who introduced me to these tacos, recommend grilling the pineapple. Great idea but I love a simplicity of this recipe and crock pot cooking. I made a simple pico with the ingredients you listed as a garnish and servers with feta on top bc it's easier to find and cheaper. I always have feta in my fridge! Even my 5 and 3yr old liked it bc it had pineapple on at! It's going in my recipe box as a family fav! Great tacos for days! Froze some of the leftovers to use for BBQ pizza or sandwiches later!
I accidentally used two cans of chipotle in adoba. I have it cooking now. Is it going to be ruined? Or is there anything I can do to fix this?
I am straight mexican and i know my mom would have said NO! DONT DO THAT!!!
But i tryed making it your easy way and it was delish!! ?
Plus if you make a salsa roja then those tacos would be perfect!!! For those who really like spicy
Hi there!
I loosely followed this recipe, and it turned out great. I just wanted to comment that I didn't blend any of the ingredients before hand, just threw them all in the slow cooker and cooked on high for 3 hours and low for 6. If you have enough time to cook this down, when you blend everything up with a fork at the end, you get a fairly homogenous-looking sauce. For me, it just saves a good 10 minutes or so and having to wash out a food processor.
Thanks for this delicious recipe!! These are fantastic! Simple to make but impressive to eat. They are a hit each time I make them.
I've decided to make it this week but on a stove top, is there any change in the time to cook this or is it still in the 8-10 hour range?
Sounds amazing! However, I am not a pork fan. Has anyone tried this with chicken breasts?
Hi , I'm having a Mexican party this weekend and I have a baby in my arms all day. I literally only have his nap time to prepare meals so I have no choice but to prepare this recipe today (Thursday) to serve Saturday. I'm hoping this is one of those recipes that once cooked it gets better when reheated a day or two after? Will it still be good?
LOVED em!! Great recipe, thanks for sharing!
Hello. This sounds super yummy and am planning on making it this week. I was just wondering, in your opinion, could you canned pineapple tidbits rather than the fresh that the recipe calls for? And if not fresh what about frozen? Thanks in advance for your help.
Hey there! Made this last week and it became a huge hit. My pot came out soupy. I drained off the extra liquid and it left behind a beautiful paste that I tossed back in with my shredded pork. I love that this recipe didn't require an extra sauce made up to keep the meat moist on the taco. It was so easy! Will make again in the future. Thank you for sharing!!
Hi! I want to make this with boneless chicken breast in the slow cooker, should i adjust anything and is the cooking time the same?
Do you think this will work if I put a pork shoulder with the bone in directly into the slow cooker, then shred it later? My grocery store only had the bone-in variety, and de-boning it seems pretty challenging . . .
Hi there.
if we were to double the recipe, will this affect the cook time?
Sorry! One other quick question. Can I make the puree the night before, refrigerate, then put everything into the slow cooker the next morning before work? Or would the puree not taste as well?
Made this last night and loved it! Was super easy but packed with flavor! Left off the pineapple and added a mix of bell pepper, red onion, chick pea, and garlic that I quickly grilled on the cast iron. It was a good alternative in case pineapple isn't a crowd pleaser. Thanks for the great recipe!
SO, I accidentally used a whole can of chipotle in adobo :( Is it ruined??? I'm scared we won't be able to eat it!
I can't find boneless pork shoulder. What can I use instead?
I wish I would have read the comments. I used 2 cans of chipotles and I believe I may have ruined this dish
Mistook 2 as two cans not 2 peppers- any suggestions on what to do? Is this going to be extremely spicy?
I too, live in Austin, and my husband loves these tacos at El Borrego off of south Congress.
This recipe looks delicious! Looking forward to trying it in my pressure cooker.
Thanks for sharing!
Made your recipe with my leftovers from a pig roast. Added a couple Jalepeno, adjusted the cook time (cause my piggy is already cooked). Couldn't be happier with the use of my leftovers!!! Thank you from the fialas.
Thank you for the recipe. Made these today and my family loved them! My work schedule has been crazy and it was nice to be able to come home and have a delicious meal on the table within a few minutes.
Hello ! I'm going to make these tmrw and I can't wait ! But I had a question . How much of the pineapple should I use ?
Hi! Planning to make these on the 23rd for my husbands Texan family. If I make them a day or two ahead how would you pre-heat them? Do you think they would be just as good, or better two days later? High standards over there and I want to impress!
This is one of my favorite recipes. I've cooked it a couple of times and it's been a huge hit.
I'm cooking it for lunch tomorrow but since I don't have enough time in the morning, I'm going to put it for 5 hours in the slow cooker today and then 2-3 tomorrow morning.
I'm hoping this will allow the juices to soak into the meat.
I love your recipes. Please post some more slow cooker and taco ones :)
Thanks again
Hi! I was wondering if you know of anyone who has converted this recipe for a pressure cooker. If so, please advise.
Have you tried these in an 'Instant Pot' and if so, what modifications did you make?
How ca I make this less spicy
Can you use a different kind of beer or does it have to be modelo Negro could I use Budweiser???
i wanna do this for super bowl but i don't have a crock pot … i think you tried to say you DONT recommend stove top but can use a covered Dutch oven @275 for 3.5-4 hours!!! is that correct?
I was concerned about the spice from the comments because our kids are 4 and under, but I went ahead and made the recipe anyway. So glad I did! If you follow the directions and just take 2 chipotle peppers out of the can, it just adds flavor. I chose smaller peppers from the can as well… I'm sure i could have used larger peppers or even an additional pepper for spice! Thanks for the recipe! I'm using the leftovers for soup!
If I want some good flavor and not too spicy, what should I reduce in the recipe? Cut the chipotle pepper in adobe from 1 to 2 and possibly cut the chili powder from 3 to 2 tablespoons? I don't want to mess with culinary perfection but half our family doesn't like spicy. Just trying to find a good balance. Thank you so much for sharing your recipes with us!
Yes, I don't know what I did wrong but I followed the recipe to the t I thought and it didn't have much flavor at all! I would suggest also putting the extra pineapple in with it when it is finished cooking making it easier to serve
What kind of beer do you recommend?
I'm a little bummed that the recipe did not come out how it was supposed to. I followed exactly like it was instructed, it tasted DELICIOUS, but it just didn't taste al pastor AT ALL.
Al pastor is my favorite type of tacos, and I couldn't taste it at all. Just because it has Pineapples doesn't mean it should called al pastor. However, it was still delicious and everyone loved it.
I'll definitely make it again, just won't call it al pastor.
Dying to try this out! Roughly how much is in one pineapple? A little over a pound, 20 oz-ish? And can you use two 2.5lb pork shoulders? I didn't see a 5lb last time I was at a Safeway, but maybe WF would have bigger ones….


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"GILMORE GIRLS" - (8:00-9:00 p.m. ET)
"The Long Morrow" (TV-PG) (HDTV)
THE MORNING AFTER - Picking up on the day after last season's finale, Lorelai (Lauren Graham) wakes up in bed with Christopher (David Sutcliffe). Confused and mortified, she makes a hasty exit, ignoring Christopher's pleas that she stay. Once at home, Lorelai tries to get rid of everything that reminds her of Luke (Scott Patterson) and ends up practically emptying her house. Rory (Alexis Bledel) receives a toy rocket ship as a parting gift from Logan (Matt Czuchry) and is baffled as to its meaning. She decides she should join him in London for the summer, only to learn he has bought her a ticket for a visit at Christmas. Kirk (Sean Gunn) and Taylor (guest star Michael Winters) cause a bizarre accident that damages Luke's diner. Finally, Luke shows up at Lorelai's door and asks her to elope. Melissa McCarthy, Yanic Truesdale and Liza Weil also star. Lee Shallat Chemel directed the episode written by David S. Rosenthal (#2T7751).


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The industry is already looking for answers to
By MILTON PERLMUTTER
President, Supermarkets General Corporation
Fundamental changes are taking place in the retailing world. The consumer today is better informed, more out-spoken, and more selective than before. The new life styles, educational levels, and desire for individuality among young people are perhaps the most dramatic of these changes.
Can retailing adapt itself to such change in the coming decade? More than ever before, the consumer and the government are reshaping our working environment. Whether or not the retailing industry meets this challenge depends on the answers we find to five key problems:
— Can the industry improve the quality of its management and provide job satisfaction for its non-management personnel?
— Can the industry keep pace with the demands of the new retailing technology? Continued


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Call 314-416-6400 to register!
Located in St. Louis, MO, White House is a Jesuit retreat house based on The Spiritual Exercises of Saint Ignatius.
Since 1922, White House has been offering 3 day preached retreats throughout the year on our beautiful 80 acre campus located on the bluffs of the Mississippi River. On each retreat four or five priests are available for private conferences and the celebration of the Sacraments of Reconciliation and Anointing of the Sick. People of all faiths are welcome at White House!
Mass is celebrated each day and at night there is Benediction of the Blessed Sacrament. Explore the beautiful campus, walk the Way of the Cross, and pray at the shrines of the Sacred Heart, the Holy Family, Our Lady and St. Joseph.
The minimum age for attending a White House retreat is 18.
Weekend retreats begin with dinner at 7:00 p.m. Thursday and end Sunday at 2pm following lunch.
Weekday retreats begin with lunch at 1:00 p.m. Monday and end with brunch at noon Thursday.
White House has never had a fixed charge for our retreat. We have always asked for a free will offering from the retreatants, based on what they choose to give.
What To Expect-
You will be assigned a small private room with a bathroom and shower at check-in. Take time to settle in and make yourself at home. You will be able to meet some of the White House staff, ask questions, get acquainted with the grounds and meet others attending the retreat. A complete retreat itinerary can be seen here.
"First Timers" are welcomed by members of our office staff with a special "Welcome Packet." Staff members are there to make sure that you have all the info you need and that you know where you need to be next. Let the relaxation begin! More info for first timers is available here.
Silence is an essential part and expectation of an Ignatian retreat. In the Spiritual Exercises, you journey with the Lord in a renewal of mind, body and spirit. Silence typically begins shortly after your first meal.
Opportunities for discussion and fellowship are available after dinner for those who choose.
All meals are served family style in our beautiful dining hall.
Throughout the retreat there is plenty of downtime for rest, relaxation and private discernment.
We can accommodate up to 90 people per retreat.
If you need help setting up an account and using our online registration portal, CLICK HERE or call 314-416-6400.
If you would like to visit our grounds on your own, you are free to do so on Sundays from 3:00 pm to sunset. Tours are available during the week by request.
For a video further explaining what an Ignatian Spirituality Retreat is and what we do here at White House, CLICK HERE.


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Catching Fire is about to catch fire.
Advance movie tickets for the Hunger Games sequel go on sale at noon ET/9 a.m. PT on Tuesday, Oct. 1, 2013.
The Jennifer Lawrence film officially opens Nov. 22, but screenings will start as early as 8 p.m. on Nov. 21.
The release will have a head start on the typically stuffed Thanksgiving weekend box office, and is expected to be the movie to beat in a holiday season that will be marked by director Peter Jackson's latest Hobbit movie, The Hobbit: The Desolation of Smaug (opening Dec. 13), and Thor: The Dark World (opening Nov. 8), starring Chris Hemsworth, brother of Catching Fire's Liam Hemsworth.
PHOTOS: Meet the cast of Catching Fire
"It's in a league of its own own really," says BoxOffice.com chief analyst Phil Contrino of Catching Fire. "This is a contender for biggest movie of the year, not just the fall season."
One Wall Street analyst has Catching Fire pegged for a worldwide haul of $950 million, a take that would put it behind only Robert Downey Jr.'s Iron Man 3 among 2013's top money-makers.
VIDEO: Are sparks flying on the set of Catching Fire?
Last year, The Hunger Games, the first film hatched from author Suzanne Collins' young-adult book series, grossed nearly $700 million at the global box office. The film opened eyes right away with a $153 million start that at the time was the third-biggest-ever opening weekend.
Catching Fire could close in on the same title. BoxOffice.com is currently projecting the film will score a $168 million, three-day domestic debut. The gross would rival that of Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows Part 2, the movie currently in third place among Hollywood's all-time openers.
PHOTOS: Catching Fire movie pics


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12 W Third Street
Frederick, MD 21705
Reservations: 301/682-4111
Check, Cash, Visa, Master Card, Travelers Checks
Hill House was constructed circa 1870 and is a three story Victorian town house embellished with Eastlake detailing on the street facade.
It was renovated in 1996 by your hosts, Taylor and Damian Branson, who offer four beautiful guestrooms with private baths. Each of the rooms is decorated in a style that reflects the particular interests of the owners.


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What, did you think we were done with renders now that the 2015 Ford Mustang has made its debut? No way, man. Now we have all the special edition Mustangs to render! And this is a good one that could preview the rumored return of the Mustang Mach 1.
The Mach 1 started life as a special package way back in 1969 where it was sandwiched between the GT and the mighty Boss 302. It's been used a few times over the years, and the last time we saw it was back in 2003 and 2004. Since Ford earlier this year filed for a Mach 1 trademark, rumors have been stirring that it could make a comeback.
So our pals over at TopSpeed cooked up this Mach 1 render. Not only does it have a lot of great cues that pay homage to the original, I think it adds some needed aggressiveness to the stylish 2015 'Stang. The black accents and that front spoiler? Hell yeah.
Check out TopSpeed to see more Mach 1 renders. Let's hope the real thing — if it turns out to be real — looks this nasty.
Renders credit TopSpeed, used with permission


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NYC Nightlife is hot, but you could be left in the cold if you're underage. Luckily, there are ways to get around the law. All you need are the essentials: a convincing fake ID, the right bar, and the right attitude. As an "underager," I've done my fair share of sleuthing.
First off, you'll need a fake. I've tried slipping a bouncer a twenty underneath my real state ID, only to receive a raised eyebrow and a wave of the hand. I decided I'd have to try a little harder and put some cold cash toward the cause. There are many places to gain fakes and some things you should avoid:
2012 Adams Team Team Adams February Adams Team Team 2012 2012 February 2012 February February Adams If you have an older sibling, you're in luck (have the person call the DMV, say he or she lost his ID, and for $15 you'll have another copy!)
Don't get a fake ID from New York State. Most of them are rip offs, poorly laminated, and they don't scan. Use an out-of-state or international ID. I've been using my Turkish ID for around two years and I've never had a problem (I haven't even faked a thick, sexy accent!)
A hot spot to get your fake ID is Toronto. The cheapest ones are $40. You'll cop those in places labeled "Souvenir ID's."This Print This Page Page Page This Print Print
The web provides another alternative. One of the top websites that will transform you into a British citizen is a site called Fake Identification (blunt much?). You'll have to send cash in an envelope (this makes it untraceable) to the site. After receiving this they'll ask you to fill in your information (name, address, etc.) and within two to three weeks you should be bar hopping in no time.
It's not only the ID that matters, but also your attitude and dress.
Look confident. If you don't, the bouncer will know something's up. They're trained for this business.
Dress the part- ladies, if you have a baby face, doll it up with some crimson lipstick and strap on some killer heels.
Gentleman, you're in lukewarm territory as it is, so look sharp and trendy.
From my experience, I've gathered a short list of places that will help you get silly, and have an awesome time- on any night of the week.
Lit Lounge, 2nd Ave
[Image via Electric Tickle Machine]
After passing through Lit's gates with ease, you'll enter into a cavern like basement with dim lanterns, invaded by scenesters and hipsters all who worship this creation by the street-style influential Vice Magazine. Bring some bills, or pregame a little bit before. Drinks are moderately priced, but not cheap.
The Levee, Barry St.
[Image via Flickr.]
Ready to be unbelievably drunk, with zero expectations, and hands-on fun? Come to The Levee. You don't have to worry about running up a tab here. Shots are as cheap as $2, while their wide beer selection provides a wide pathway to intoxication. The best features of this bar are the games- Apples to Apples, darts, Buck Hunter, a pool table, pinball games, Jenga, and a "Buy Your Friend a Drink2012 Adams Team Team Adams February Adams Team Team 2012 2012 February 2012 February February Adams " chalkboard make this place hella fun. If you excel at drinking and dueling, head on over.
Sugarland, Driggs Ave.
[via Village Voice]
If you're exhausted from the Manhattan gay club scene, Sugarland's the place for you. This seductive newcomer sizzles the most on Monday's (Karaoke), Thursday's (Rebel Cupcake Burlesque Drag Competition) and Sunday's (Girl's Night), but I promise you'll be floored every night of the week. Whether packed or not, the eclectic music selection and $5 cover will have you smiling silly in no time. Tip: Once you're drunk, push your way through the bar and check out the rooftop patio decked in graffiti (a relic from the former dive Capone's) for a smoke break and a breather.
Empire Rooftop Hotel, W. 63rd St.
Bring your best looks and fattest wallet to the Empire Rooftop Hotel. Drinks are around $12-14, but if you're looking for a stunning view, this is the place. I'd say make this as a pit stop during your night's journey, or maybe for its end.
White Noise, Avenue B
[via Tumblr]
Formerly Uncle Ming's, newcomer White Noise brings an edgy, old-school New York, rock & roll vibe to Alphabet City. Despite all the negative reviews on Yelp about the brash bouncer, we walked right in without even being ID'd, no doorman in sight. Perks: black vinyl couches, cheap, cold beer, great decor, and hot bartenders. If you're really dedicated, their Sunday Hangover Party offers free artichoke pizza, microwave White Castle burgers, and a rock opera visual.


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|Be sensitive and mindful to our environment - Go Green!


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Men's Final 4 notebook: Coaches agree players deserve more
The debate about whether college athletes should receive more benefits than they are already getting has intensified, especially with last week's National Labor Relations Board ruling that Northwestern football players can form a labor union.
The topic about student-athletes and benefits surfaced during Thursday's media sessions for the Final Four at AT&T Stadium.
"I think players do deserve more things," Florida coach Billy Donovan said. "There are certain things that I think are outdated and don't make sense in a lot of ways."
UConn coach Kevin Ollie agreed with his Final Four counterpart's assessment.
"I just think the game has changed, this venue has changed," he said. "I remember when I was going to the tournament, we weren't playing in venues like this. Everything has changed and evolved, and in some way, somehow, the student-athlete, that dynamic has to evolve and change."
Several of the athletes were asked about a potential change in the system, but seemed to be grateful for what they already have.
"All I know is that I'm a college athlete, I'm a college student," Kentucky's Julius Randle said. "I have the opportunity to get an education as well as play basketball for Kentucky."
Added UConn's Niels Giffey: "I think there might be a different way to see the whole situation, but I think all of us here are blessed that we got the opportunities that are presented to us."
THE BIG STAGE: The move to a football stadium-sized venue for NCAA tournament games can throw a wrinkle at the players with the vast expanse of open space.
Florida got a chance to test out AT&T Stadium last year in the Sweet 16 and Elite Eight rounds, but for Kentucky, Wisconsin and UConn players, their first chance to take the floor there came Thursday.
"We had the opportunity last year to play here, so for some of our guys, it's a familiar place," Donovan said. "But I think there's enough time to get ready and play in this venue because it's a little bit different."
In 2011, the Huskies only had one open practice at Reliant Stadium in Houston before playing Kentucky in the semifinals. This year, the teams have an extra 90-minute closed practice, which took place Thursday, in addition to Friday's open practice.
"(In Houston) it was the open practice that we're going to have tomorrow and then the shootaround," Ollie said. "So this really allows our players to see the ball going in. We always want to see that. Just seeing them get used to (the court) and relaxed, and shooting in a venue like this is a great opportunity."
Even with the extra practice time, the players still won't be able to prepare for playing in front of 75,000 or so fans. The football capacity including standing-room-only is 105,000.
"We know our guys are going to get in front of 75,000, look around and think, `Oh my,'" Kentucky coach John Calipari said. "It's going to be that way. Then we'll both try to settle down our teams and try to get them focused on basketball, lose themselves in the game and just play basketball."
AMERICAN-BOUND: When Kentucky's season comes to an end, assistant coach Orlando Antigua will be heading to Tampa to take over the University of South Florida.
"I just think the combination of different things (made USF an attractive job)," said Antigua, who played at Pittsburgh.
Antigua was hired after USF was unable to bring in their first choice, Steve Masiello, because Masiello had not graduated from Kentucky. Masiello is currently on leave from his job at Manhattan.
One reporter asked if USF not playing in the Big East and now residing in the American Athletic Conference will impact trying to rebuild the Bulls.
"The American conference is pretty good," Antigua said. "I don't know if you noticed but there's a team in this tournament that plays in that conference, so I think it's a great conference.
"It's not the old Big East but that conference is no longer together as it is right now. I just think you have very competitive teams in the conference and I'm excited about the challenge to see how we compete in it."
AWARD WINNERS: Creighton's Doug McDermott and Wichita State's Gregg Marshall were The Associated Press award winners for player and coach of the year, respectively.
Both were on hand at AT&T Stadium to receive their trophies. McDermott received 64 votes for the award, with Louisville's Russ Smith getting the only other vote.
Marshall received 44 votes as the top coach, followed by Virginia's Tony Bennett (13), Donovan (six), Michigan's John Beilein (one) and SMU's Larry Brown (one).
"Obviously, we'd love to be here (playing in the Final Four)," said Marshall, who saw his squad get knocked out of the NCAAs by Kentucky in the third round.
UConn has never had an AP Player of the Year. In 2004, Saint Joe's Jameer Nelson (55 votes) beat Husky Emeka Okafor (14) for the honor. Okafor and Nelson split the National Association of Basketball Coaches Player of the Year award that season.


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