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In 1790, when the first federal census was taken, 52 free blacks were recorded as living in Alexandria. This population increased dramatically to 836 by 1820 and continued to expand until 1846 when Alexandria retroceded to the Commonwealth of Virginia from the District of Columbia. Alexandria's black population began increasing again after 1860 and reached 5,300 by 1870. Prior to the Civil War, Alexandria was also home to one of the largest slave-trading operations in the country. In the 20th century, American's first Sit-Down Strike took place at the Alexandria Library, ushering in the very early days of the Civil Rights movement.
Resources for Alexandria's African American Community includes books, brochures, oral history transcriptions, archaeological site reports and lesson plans, to help you to learn more about the history of Alexandria's African American community.
Free Black Neighborhoods
|Map of African American Neighborhoods, from the brochure "African American Historic Sites: Self Guided Tour.
Early Free Black Neighborhoods: The earliest free black neighborhoods in Alexandria began between 1790 and 1810. This first community of free blacks formed at the southwestern edge of the city and became known as "The Bottoms." By 1810, this neighborhood had extended to the southeast and a new community, "Hayti," sprang up to the east. In mid-century, "Uptown" began in the northwestern section of Alexandria. Around this time also, a community known as "Petersburg", also called "The Berg" or "Fishtown," developed in an area just back from the north waterfront.
Black Neighborhoods after the Civil War: The early black neighborhoods expanded and new settlements began in the post-bellum period. New settlements included "The Hill," south of "Hayti;" "Cross Canal," located on each side of the Alexandria Canal locks on the north end of town; "The Hump" to the west of "Cross Canal," and "Colored Rosemont" south of "The Hump" and east of the railroad.
By 1910, there was almost a continuous band of African American neighborhoods surrounding the city's center and edging Alexandria's boundaries. "Uptown" and "The Berg" are still viable 21st century neighborhoods.
A neighborhood known as The Fort grew up around Fort Ward following the Civil War. Many of the residents were moved in the 1960s, when Fort Ward became a City park. Oral Histories were conducted of some former residents of this neighborhood.
Oral Histories
Read transcripts of Oral History interviews with residents of two African American neighborhoods, Seminary Hill and "The Fort" (Fort Ward)
- Maydell Casey Belk
- Julia Bradby
- Keating Karig Carrier
- Elizabeth Douglas
- Lucian Johnson
- Mary Crozet Wood Johnson
- Mike Lazich
- Charles McKnight
- Edmonia Smith McKnight
- Joseph John Moraski
- Dorothy Hall Smith and Barbara Ashby Gordon
- Louisa Smucker
- Sgt. Lee Thomas Young
The Slave Trade
The Franklin and Armfield Slave Pen at 1315 Duke Street was one of the largest slave trading companies in the country. The Franklin and Armfield building, listed on the National Register of Historic Places, is now the office of the Northern Virginia Urban League.
The three-story brick building with mansard roof was built as the residence of Robert Young, Brigadier General of the second Militia of the District of Columbia. By 1828, it was leased by Isaac Franklin and John Armfield and used as a "Negro Jail" or slave pen for slaves being shipped from Northern Virginia to Louisiana. Franklin and Armfield were active until 1836, exporting over 3,750 slaves to cotton and sugar plantations in the Deep South. Later, other firms continued trading in slaves here. A sign seen in Civil War period photographs has the name of Price, Birch & Co. During the Civil War the building and its surrounding site were used as a military prison for deserters, the L'Ouverture Hospital for black soldiers and the barrack for contraband-slaves who fled the confederate states and sought refuge with Union troops.
- Archaeological excavations took place at the site in the 1980s, and the site report includes additional history.
- Slaves in the Alexandria Jail, 1861. This article, from the National Republican of January 20, 1862, was taken from a letter addressed to Massachusetts' anti-slavery Senator Henry Wilson. It expresses outrage at the poor conditions and inhumanity of treatment of slaves in the Alexandria Jail, even under federal occupation. Courtesy, Friends of Freedmen's Cemetery.
The Bruin Slave Jail at 1707 Duke Street, is on the National Register of Historic Places, and featured on the National Park Service website " Underground Railroad: Journey to Freedom." The building is not open to the public.
Joseph Bruin, a slave dealer in Alexandria, Virginia, used this brick Federal-style dwelling as his holding facility, or "slave jail" for slaves awaiting sale to individuals and other dealers. Bruin purchased the large house in 1844. Bruin had been a slave dealer in the Alexandria area since 1840, and with the purchase of the Duke Street house and its adjacent two acres (used as an exercise area), he had sufficient space in which to conduct his trade. In December 1845, he and partner Henry Hill advertised in the Alexandria Gazette: "NEGROES WANTED: All persons having Negroes to sell will find ready sale and liberal prices for them by calling at the new establishment of BRUIN & HILL."
Harriet Beecher Stowe, in The Key to Uncle Tom's Cabin (1854), described how she employed her knowledge of Bruin's slave jail as background for her explosive 1852 novel, Uncle Tom's Cabin. In The Key, she described the escape of a number of slaves from Washington, DC, on April 15, 1848, in the ship Pearl, who were later captured and returned for eventual sale in New Orleans. Bruin & Hill purchased a slave family known as the Edmondsons, and brought them to the slave jail. According to Stowe, Bruin's daughter begged that Mary and Emily Edmondson be excluded from the group that was eventually sent to New Orleans for sale there, a group that included other Edmondson siblings. Their father, Paul Edmondson, traveled north to try and raise funds for the purchase of two of his daughters. He eventually met Reverend Lyman Beecher, Stowe's father, who raised the sum overnight. Bruin and his "large slave warehouse" are mentioned approximately 20 times in The Key. At the outbreak of the Civil War, Bruin fled Alexandria but was captured and then confined in the Old Capitol Prison in Washington, DC, until the end of the war. In his absence, his slave jail was used as the Fairfax County courthouse until July of 1865.
A statue was erected in 2010 as a memorial to the Edmondson sisters and others who passed through the Slave Jail.
- A longer history of the Slave Jail was compiled in 2010 as part of an archaeological preservation project.
Contrabands and Freedmen Cemetery
Alexandria Contrabands and Freedmen Cemetery served as the burial place for about 1,800 African Americans who fled to Alexandria to escape from bondage during the Civil War. They found a safe haven in Alexandria because of the Union occupation, but their large numbers resulted in a refuge crisis. While many found employment, other contrabands, as the freedmen were officially known, were destitute after fleeing slavery, and arrived hungry and in ill health. Many were housed in barracks, and disease was rampant. In 1864, after hundreds had perished, the Superintendent of Contrabands ordered that a property on the southern edge of town, across from the Catholic cemetery, be confiscated for use as a cemetery.
In the first year, burials included those of black soldiers, but African American troops recuperating in Alexandria's hospitals demanded that blacks be given the honor of burial in the Soldiers' Cemetery, now Alexandria National Cemetery. The soldiers' graves were disinterred and moved to the military cemetery in January 1865. The last burial in Contrabands and Freedmen's Cemetery took place in January 1869.
The cemetery fell into disrepair, and a brickyard and railroad cutting encroached on its edges. The cemetery appeared on maps until 1939, but by then there would have been little remaining above-ground evidence of the burials. In 1955, a gas station was built on the property, followed by an office building.
More than 30 years later, historical research revealed the presence of the long-forgotten cemetery, and plans for rebuilding the Woodrow Wilson Bridge along the cemetery's southern edge focused attention on it. Archaeologists used ground penetrating radar to confirm the presence of graves on the site, and the Friends of Freedmen's Cemetery was formed to advocate for preservation of the site as a memorial. Additional archaeological excavations identified the location of graves to minimize impact of park construction. The layout of the cemetery, revealed by the archaeological work, will be reflected in design of the Contrabands and Freedmen Cemetery Memorial park.
- Friends of Freedmen's Cemetery includes an extensive collection of transcriptions of primary resources
- History and Archaeology of Freedmen Cemetery
- Oral Histories Interviews with Contraband and Freedmen Cemetery descendants
- Records of Burials and Death Among the Freedmen in Alexandria, Virginia ("The Gladwin Record")
Black Soldiers in the Civil War
On March 2, 1863, eminent abolitionist and former slave Frederick Douglass sent out this powerful message in his newspaper, Douglass Monthly. Titled "Men of Color, to Arms!" it urged black men to support the nation's war and the crusade to end generations of slavery. Approximately 180,000 African American soldiers took up the call to fight for the Union, comprising more than 10% of all Federal forces.
The Union Army built L'Ouverture Hospital for African-American soldiers at Duke and West Streets, in the city block surrounding the old Slave Pen. Black soldiers were buried at Freedmen's cemetery until convalescent soldiers at L'Ouverture Hospital protested. In response to their letter in which "We ask that our bodies may find a resting place in the ground designated for the burial of the brave defenders of our countries flag...." , the soldiers gained the right to be buried in Soldiers' Cemetery, now the Alexandria National Cemetery.
- Fighting for Freedom: Black Union Soldiers of the Civil War. Courtesy Fort Ward Museum.
- Volunteers for Freedom: Black Civil War Soldiers in Alexandria's National Cemetery, Part I. Historic Alexandria Quarterly, Fall 1998. By Edward A Miller, Jr.
- Volunteers for Freedom: Black Civil War Soldiers in Alexandria's National Cemetery, Part II. Historic Alexandria Quarterly, Winter 1998. By Edward A Miller, Jr.
- Convalescent Soldiers in L'Ouverture Hospital "Express Our Views" on Burial Location. Courtesy Friends of Freedmen's Cemetery.
- An Documentary Study, Archeological Evaluation and Resource Management Plan for 1323 Duke Street, Alexandria, Virginia. Sarah Traum, Joseph Balicki and Brian Corle, John Milner Associates, Inc., Alexandria, VA., 2007. (In 1864, this site became part of the L'Ouverture Hospital for African American soldiers.)
Black Soldiers in the Spanish-American War
Black Virginians were part of "Immune" regiments that were raised throughout the South to provide troops who were allegedly immune to the tropical diseases that prevailed in Cuba, Puerto Rico and the Philippines and which proved to be much deadlier than Spanish bullets. The first of Virginia's four Immune companies was organized in Alexandria in 1898, at the Braddock House Hotel.
- We are an orderly body of men": Virginia's Black "Immunes" in the Spanish-American War. Historic Alexandria Quarterly, Summer 2001. by Roger D. Cunningham
Black Education and Parker-Gray School
The Snowden and Hallowell Schools were the first black public schools in the City of Alexandria. In 1915, the Snowden School for Boys was destroyed in a fire, but the students were allowed to attend St. Mary's Catholic Church School which was located at the time on Wolfe and Royal Streets.
In 1920, the Snowden and Hallowell schools were consolidated, and the resulting school was named the Parker-Gray School. Parker-Gray School is named for John Parker, principal of the Snowden School for Boys, and Sarah Gray, principal of the Hallowell School for Girls.
Parker-Gray and Lyles-Crouch Schools: The first Parker-Gray School, located at 900 Wythe Street, opened in 1920 for children in grades one though eight. It had nine teachers and the barest necessities. Members of the community provided chairs and basic equipment. The school was named for late educators John Parker, Principal of the Snowden School for Boys, and Sarah Gray, Principal of the Hallowell School for Girls. For many years, African American students had to travel to Washington, D.C. to receive an education beyond the eighth grade.
By the early 1930s the school was overcrowded. A new school was established in an old silk factory at the corner of Wilkes and South Pitt streets for Negro children who lived south of Cameron Street. It was named Lyles-Crouch to honor Jane Crouch and Rozier D. Lyles. Mrs. Crouch was a principal at Hallowell School; Mr. Lyles taught at Snowden School and at the first Parker-Gray School.
Parker-Gray was soon overcrowded again, so classrooms and a library were added. The first students attended Parker-Gray for grades eight through eleven graduated in 1936. (Virginia required only 11 years of public education then.)
When the Parker-Gray High School was built in 1950, the original Parker-Gray School was given the name of Charles Houston, the NAACP lawyer who helped the community in their quest to have the High School built. During the desegregating years, Charles Houston Elementary School closed and the building eventually burned down. This site is now home to the Charles Houston Recreation Center.
Parker-Gray High School: The community realized that a separate high school building was needed. The Hopkins House Men's Club and other groups asked the help of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. NAACP lawyers, headed by Attorney Charles Houston, conferred with city, state and federal officials. Eventually, the Parker-Gray High School was built at 1207 Madison Street. It was dedicated on May 31, 1950 and remained the black high school until 1965.
In the fall of 1964, all sectors of the Alexandria school system – students, faculty, and staff – were integrated. Parker-Gray High School was closed in 1965 and black students attended the city's other high schools--George Washington, T.C. Williams, and Francis C. Hammond.
From 1965 until 1979, the building served as a Middle School. The property was sold and a portion of the funds was used by the City of Alexandria to renovate and extend the Alexandria Black History Resource Center, now the Alexandria Black History Museum. In the early 1980s the building was demolished, but a plaque marks the location of the old school.
Before the last home football game on October 29th, 1983, the stadium at T.C. Williams High School was dedicated as the Parker-Gray Memorial Stadium. The School Board's decision to name the stadium The Parker-Gray Memorial Stadium was an acknowledgment of community pride associated with a high school that served this city well. A history of Parker-Gray School, published in 1976 states, "During the 1950s, the pinnacles in the evolution of Negro education in Alexandria were achieved." Many Parker-Gray alumni have excelled in the arts, in professions, in government and military service, in athletics, and in other endeavors.
America's First Sit-Down Strike
Becoming the trademark tactic of the 1960s Civil Rights Movement, the first sit-in occurred well before the era of social unrest that would characterize the decade of the 1960s. Prior to the famous Woolworth counter sit-in in Greensboro, North Carolina, five courageous African-American youths staged the first deliberate and planned sit-in at the Alexandria "public" Library on August 21, 1939.
On March 17, 1939, attorney Samuel Wilbert Tucker and retired Army Sergeant George Wilson, walked through the doors of the segregated Queen Street Library in Alexandria, Virginia and requested an application for a library card. Library policy was to not issue library cards to persons of the colored race. Tucker passed the newly erected Alexandria library on a daily basis, yet as an African American he had to travel to the District of Columbia to have access to library facilities. Unsatisfied with the unequal access to educational facilities, Tucker decided to battle the system of Jim Crow through the courts.
A lawsuit was filed in the local court to force the librarian to issue a library card to Sergeant Wilson as a taxpaying citizen of the City of Alexandria. When the case was eventually heard on January 10, 1940, the judge rejected the petition for a library card for technical reasons, but affirmed that "there were no legal grounds for refusing the plaintiff or any other bona fide citizen the use of the library." The Virginia Public Assemblages Act of 1926 stated that both races were to be segregated within the same facility, therefore according to the law African Americans were unlawfully barred from the Alexandria Library. Within two days of the judge's decision, two African-Americans applied for library cards. Yet they were refused by being informed that a new colored branch of the Alexandria library was under construction and that their application was under consideration. This was an obvious tactic to appease them until a separate colored branch could be opened. The colored branch was the Robinson Library, now the site of the Alexandria Black History Museum.
Although this first act of defiance against the system of Jim Crow did not garner the media attention, this was the first step towards the City of Alexandria seriously considering a colored branch for its African-American citizens and facing the issue of accessibility, however unequal, for all of its citizens.
On October 18, 2019, the Alexandria Circuit Court dismissed all charges against the sit-in participants. After recent research by Alexandria Library staff determined that the original judge in the case never issued a ruling and the charges were technically still outstanding, Commonwealth's Attorney Bryan Porter asked the Court to dismiss the charges. Although the five African American residents were charged with disorderly conduct, the Court has now found that they were "lawfully exercising their constitutional rights to free assembly, speech and to petition the government to alter the established policy of sanctioned segregation at the time of their arrest," and that "sitting peacefully in a library reading books … was not in any fashion disorderly or likely to cause acts of violence." The Court determined that no laws had been broken and no criminal charges should have been filed.
- Learn more about
Samuel Wilbert Tucker, Unsung Hero of the Civil Rights Movement.


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Great Men and Ordinary Americans
It simply won't do to talk about a revolutionary summer in which the only voices are those of prominent white men and the recollections of 15-year-old Joseph Plumb Martin, written decades later. Ellis includes a handful of paragraphs on women, enslaved Africans and working-class artisans. But they read like generic concessions to critics who have chastised him for celebrating already celebrated white men rather than the rest of North America's diverse population. The point Ellis misses is that attention must be paid to the people outside Congress not from a desire to make history more inclusive but because their voices were loud and their choices important, not least in their impact on the actions of the men inside Congress.In a big sense, Ellis already responded to that sort of critique of his work twelve years earlier in his preface to Founding Brothers:
Incorporating more people would fundamentally change Ellis's story, making it messier and less predictable. The "conspicuous consensus" on independence that emerged in Congress occurred nowhere outside of New England. Nor, again, were the maneuvers of the British Army the only challenges confronting members of Congress. It seemed obvious to many Americans that a state of war had existed with Britain since shots were fired at Lexington on April 19, 1775. Everywhere ad hoc committees were creating new political institutions, agreeing with Thomas Paine in his best-selling "Common Sense" that monarchy, not George III, was the basic problem. Honest men could govern themselves better than "the Royal Brute of Britain" could; on the day Americans proclaimed a new charter of government in which "the law is king," they should demolish a symbolic crown and scatter its pieces "among the people whose right it is."
This stunning proposition horrified other Americans. Just as thousands were choosing independence because it promised revolution in favor of natural rights and self-government, so thousands were choosing the British Empire because they dreaded a democratic revolution that they feared would degenerate into anarchy and popular tyranny. Many believed the imperial tensions reflected inept administration rather than structural failure. Ellis writes that "most probably, a poll of the American population" in September 1776 "would have revealed a citizenry more politically divided and receptive" to Richard Howe's peace terms "than the Continental Congress or its diplomatic representatives." It is a point he fails to develop. [John] Adams spoke for a small percentage of the population. So did [John] Dickinson. . . .
In short, what made the summer of 1776 revolutionary was the range of options, the cacophony of voices, the increasing resort to violence, the growing sense that nothing was safe. Americans like to believe that their revolution as well as their independence was a moderate affair in which the founding fathers were in control of events rather than the other way around. Unfortunately, "Revolutionary Summer" reinforces that perception.
The apparently irresistible urge to capitalize and mythologize as "Founding Fathers" the most prominent members of the political leadership during this formative phase has some historical as well as psychological foundation, for in a very real sense we are, politically, if not genetically, still living their legacy. And the same principle also explains the parallel urge to demonize them, since any discussion of their achievement is also an implicit conversation about the distinctive character of American imperialism, both foreign and domestic.Given how much power elite men wielded in eighteenth-century society, it does make sense to look at their words and actions. And Cayton doesn't argue that Revolutionary Summer should ignore the arguments of the politicians in Philadelphia. Rather, he reminds us that those men were influenced by the populace around them, sometimes in ways they didn't recognize. It's valuable to study the Revolution from both the top and the bottom.
A kind of electromagnetic field, therefore, surrounds this entire subject, manifesting itself as a golden haze or halo for the vast majority of contemporary Americans, or as a contaminated radioactive cloud for a smaller but quite vocal group of critics unhappy with what America has become or how we have gotten here. Within the scholarly community in recent years, the main tendency has been to take the latter side, or to sidestep the controversy by ignoring mainstream politics altogether. Much of the best work has taken the form of a concerted effort to recover the lost voices from the revolutionary generation—the daily life of Marsha Ballard as she raised a family and practiced midwifery on the Maine frontier; the experience of Venture Smith, a former slave who sustained his memories of Africa and published a memoir based on them in 1798. This trend is so pronounced that any budding historian who announces that he or she wishes to focus on the political history of the early republic and its most prominent practitioners is generally regarded as having inadvertently confessed a form of intellectual bankruptcy.
Though no longer a budding historian, my own efforts in recent years, including the pages that follow, constitute what I hope is a polite argument against the scholarly grain, based on a set of presumptions that are so disarmingly old-fashioned that they might begin to seem novel in the current climate. In my opinion, the central events and achievements of the revolutionary era and the early republic were political. These events and achievements are historically significant because they shaped the subsequent history of the United States, including our own time. The central players in the drama were not the marginal or peripheral figures, whose lives are more typical, but rather the political leaders at the center of the national story who wielded power. What's more, the shape and character of the political institutions were determined by a relatively small number of leaders who knew each other, who collaborated and collided with one another in patterns that replicated at the level of personality and ideology the principle of checks and balances imbedded structurally in the Constitution.
And the fact that Ellis misspelled the name of Laurel Thatcher Ulrich's subject Martha Ballard as "Marsha" undercut his implicit claim to have carefully considered other approaches.

subset: commoncrawl


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United we stand, together we fall. Not too put too fine a point to it, but how your business and data strategies align are integral to your business. Today's world is about change, being able to pivot toward new strategies, and being open to trying new things. Consider this: the "mom-and-pop" shop is back and it is flourishing. Younger generations of farmers are returning to their family farms when they graduate and they're bringing new knowledge with them. And the makerspace, freelance, and gig economies are thriving. These businesses are learning how to work with technology and align their Data Strategy with their Business strategy. Some legacy enterprises are taking notice. Others are missing the mark. Consumers may have changed how they want to shop and learn about services and products, but the services they want and expect haven't changed that much which is why it's more important than ever to "know your customer." 3 Key Elements of Integrated Strategies While there are a number of things to take into consideration as you align your strategies, these three key elements can help get you started. 1. Understand the key elements of Business Strategy. 2. Apply innovation strategy to business objectives. 3. Determine key elements of your Data Strategy for use in a real-world scenario. Understand the key elements of business strategy A business strategy encapsulates two main ideas; cost advantage versus competition. The cost advantage includes costs and other resources, identification and awareness of strengths, weaknesses, and competition. Competitive advantage happens when you've done your market research and can show what makes you different from any other provider with similar goods and services. This is the time you might perform a SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunity, and threat) analysis of your business. It's helpful to include your mission and vision statements, objectives, core values, risk tolerance, and understanding trends in your business. Apply Innovation Strategy to Business Objectives Ideas and innovation flow when you and your business understand your customers and are able to easily shift into new things. Think R&D into Bioinformatics, automated tasks into AI, or a platform such as streaming services to help sell services such as insurance. Laying the groundwork to apply innovation strategies to your business objectives follow these ideas: Identify your business objectives by asking questions.Assess the budget and personnel resources and develop a budget strategy.Test the market to determine what issues will or need to be solved and understand how this innovation will benefit your overall strategy. If you're working on a Data initiative to integrate into your Business strategy, one of the key elements is to determine how those changes may affect your business. Determine Key Elements of Data Strategy for Use in Real-World Scenarios As you work on developing your Data Strategy, it's important to consider all the elements required to ensure success. So, what do you need to take into consideration when working on this type of strategy? Here are some things to consider as you develop your framework. Determine your business needs and their current state.Determine what works and what can be improved upon if there is a technology improvement or process.Evaluate your Data from sales, profit, and evaluate your progress.}Develop an action plan. Many businesses don't incorporate just one type of Data into their strategy. They consider the potential impact of technologies such as Machine Learning, Predictive and Data Analytics, and other Big Data Strategies to drive improvements when it comes to decision making. They understand these Data-driven insights can help them improve or solve their most critical problems. There is a caveat, however, and it is how you collect the information for real-world scenarios. Certain requirements are in place for a reason and they ensure only relevant Data is collected. This is done by formulating "predictive models" and necessary information to operate and determine whether your case will be something to be done over time or if it's something brand new to consider when looking at real-time access. One Final Thought… Data-centric organisations have a distinct advantage over their competition. The information gained from collecting and analysing to understanding their customers can offer great insight as to what's working and what isn't. Integrating your Business Strategy with a Data Strategy can offer you a more well-rounded understanding of the customers you serve and can ultimately, help you to serve them better; now and in the future. Disruptive business models from this way of thinking can also foster growth and lead to innovative changes in your marketplace. If you want to be at the forefront of change we may have a role or candidate for you. Take a look at our latest opportunities or get in touch with one of our expert consultants to find out more.
14. November 2019
As Big Data can reveal patterns, trends and associations relating to human behaviour and interactions, it's no surprise that Data & Analytics are changing the way that the supply chain sector operates today. From informing and predicting buying trends to streamlining order processing and logistics, technological innovations are impacting the industry, boosting efficiency and improving supply chain management. Analysing behavioural patterns Using pattern recognition systems, Artificial Intelligence is able to analyse Big Data. During this process, Artificial Intelligence defines and identifies external influences which may affect the process of operations (such as customer purchasing choices) using Machine Learning algorithms. From the Data collected, Artificial Intelligence is able to determine information or characteristics which can inform us of repetitive behaviour or predict statistically probable actions. Consequently, organisation and planning can be undertaken with ease to improve the efficiency of the supply chain. For example, ordering a calculated amount of stock in preparation for a busy season can be made using much more accurate predictions - contributing to less over-stocking and potentially more profit. As a result, analysing behavioural patterns facilitates better management and administration, with a knock-on effect for improving processes. Streamlining operations Using image recognition technology, Artificial Intelligence enables quicker processes that are ideally suited for warehouses and stock control applications. Additionally, transcribing voice to text applications mean stock can be identified and processed quickly to reach its destination, reducing the human resource time required and minimising human error. Artificial intelligence has also changed the way we use our inventory systems. Using natural language interaction, enterprises have the capability to generate reports on sales, meaning businesses can quickly identify stock concerns and replenish accordingly. Intelligence can even communicate these reports, so Data reliably reaches the next person in the supply chain, expanding capabilities for efficient operations to a level that humans physically cannot attain. It's no surprise that when it comes to warehousing and packaging operations Artificial Intelligence can revolutionise the efficiency of current systems. With image recognition now capable of detecting which brands and logos are visible on cardboard boxes of all sizes, monitoring shelf space is now possible on a real-time basis. In turn, Artificial Intelligence is able to offer short term insights that would have previously been restricted to broad annual time frames for consumers and management alike. Forecasting Many companies manually undertake forecasting predictions using excel spreadsheets that are then subject to communication and data from other departments. Using this method, there's ample room for human error as forecasting cannot be uniform across all regions in national or global companies. This can create impactful mistakes which have the potential to make predictions increasingly inaccurate. Using intelligent stock management systems, Machine Learning algorithms can predict when stock replenishment will be required in warehouse environments. When combined with trend prediction technology, warehouses will effectively be capable enough to almost run themselves negating the risk of human error and wasted time. Automating the forecasting process decreases cycle time, while providing early warning signals for unexpected issues, leaving businesses better prepared for most eventualities that may not have been spotted by the human eye. Big Data is continuing to transform the world of logistics, and utilising it in the best way possible is essential to meeting customer demands and exercising agile supply chain management. If you're interested in utilising Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning to help improve processes, Harnham may be able to help. Take a look at our latest opportunities or get in touch with one of our expert consultants to find out more. Author Bio: Alex Jones is a content creator for Kendon Packaging. Now one of Britain's leading packaging companies, Kendon Packaging has been supporting businesses nationwide since the 1930s.
29. August 2019


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Labconco* Purifier* Digital Delta* Series Class II, Type A2 Biological Safety Cabinets - 3 f;3273810 : Each Description Nominal airflow velocity of 105fpm Nominal downflow velocity of 55fpm Intrinsically-safe negative air pressure design Two 99.99% efficient HEPA filters; approximately 70% air recirculation Thermally-protected pe Labconco Corporation No.:3880004
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DENVER (AP) — Marijuana opponents in Colorado are using a recent U.S. Supreme Court ruling to gird their argument against making pot legal.
They're not talking about the landmark health care ruling. They're talking about last week's Arizona immigration ruling, in which the court reiterated a foundation of American law — that states can't buck the federal government.
"Arizona may have understandable frustrations" with federal inaction on immigration, the justices wrote, "but the state may not pursue policies that undermine federal law."
That line has marijuana-legalization opponents in Colorado warning that the same would apply to states that legalize pot. They argue that states would only set themselves for pricey legal battles with no chance for success against a federal drug law that considers marijuana illegal in all circumstances.
"If Colorado makes us the first state to legalize marijuana, that makes us a pretty big target given what the federal government just said," said Laura Chapin, spokeswoman for the campaign fighting a ballot measure in Colorado to allow adult marijuana possession in small amounts.
Voters in Washington state will also consider marijuana legalization this fall.
Marijuana legalization supporters dismiss the federalism argument as fear-mongering. Already, they point out, Colorado and 15 other states are in direct violation of federal drug law for allowing the use of pot for certain medical conditions.
In fact, the Supreme Court has already weighed in on state marijuana law and announced that federal law trumps it. In 2005, the court ruled against a California patient whose home-grown marijuana was seized by federal agents. His plants were allowed by California law, but the court ruled that the state law gave him no protection from federal drug law.
Despite that ruling, more states have since adopted medical marijuana laws, with spotty federal enforcement. Proponents of full legalization argue that the chances of the federal government cracking down now are slim.
"We don't see this as a major threat," said Brian Vicente, a Denver attorney who helped write Colorado's medical marijuana regulations and now is helping lead the legalization campaign. "There's a possible pre-emption challenge and federal challenge there, but we think it's unlikely."
"Coming after adults in possession of marijuana is in no way a priority" for federal authorities, he said.
Priority or not, the federal government's attitude toward state marijuana laws could play a role in this fall's marijuana debates.
Don Quick, a district attorney for Adams and Broomfield counties and legalization opponent, pointed out that U.S. attorneys in Denver and other states have closed dozens of state-compliant marijuana dispensaries this year. Even if the feds don't go after recreational pot smokers, Quick said, they could decide to at any time.
"There's selective enforcement of all laws," Quick said. "Look at speed laws."
When California voters considered marijuana legalization in 2010, U.S. attorney general Eric Holder warned that the federal government would stop looking the other way if the state embraced full legalization.
"I would certainly expect that same kind of federal saber-rattling here," said Sam Kamin, a University of Denver law professor who tracks marijuana laws.
Kamin said a federal-state marijuana showdown may be looming whether Colorado and Washington approve the pot ballot measure or not. Medical marijuana has flourished nationwide under President Barack Obama, he said, and the election of Republican Mitt Romney could prompt a federal crackdown even if recreational use isn't approved.
"It might come to a head regardless," Kamin said.
Colorado marijuana initiative: http://www.regulatemarijuana.org
Colorado marijuana opponents: http://votenoon64.com


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AJ Footprint has one free place to giveaway for the Green Register's Buildings Behaving Badly seminar in Bristol next week
The day-long event taking place on 14 November in Bristol, will ask what causes the performance gap, and why do buildings not perform as designed.
Judit Kimpian of Aedas will discuss the new and improved CarbonBuzz platform, while BSRIA's Ian Orme, Matt Colmer of the Technology Strategy Board and Ian Mawditt of Four Walls will discuss building performance evaluation.
To be in with the chance of getting your hands on the free place, email firstname.lastname@example.com with your name, occupation, and contact details, using the subject heading Green Register offer.
More information on the event is available, here.
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Hi all,
Off to Derby soon. Too many good pubs to squeeze in to a day by the look of it!
As I will be there early doors does anybody know of any early openers (apart from the spoons)?
Any pubs will do - I will get on to better pubs later in the day!
Also I know you all went there a few years back - What pub was the best??


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It's no coincidence that this ever-growing gateway to genealogy Web sites was one of the first sites ever spotlighted in Family Tree Magazine's pages. It's an ideal online starting place for family historians. Whatever pool of the genealogy world you're looking to dip your toe into, Cyndi's List will have links—at last count, 263,750 in 180 categories from Acadian, Cajun & Creole to Writing Your Family's History.
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Eastman's Online Genealogy Newsletter $
Let expert Dick Eastman guide you into the world of genealogy, especially its technological side, with this blog-format daily newsletter. The free basic edition is generous with information, but if you like what you see, you can upgrade to the Òplus' edition for $19.95 a year.
The online home of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints' vast genealogy holdings is so packed with data that we also could have listed it among the best sites for Web-centric researchers. Offerings to date—all free—include the 1880 US, 1881 British Isles and 1881 Canadian censuses; Scandinavia and Mexico vital records indexes; the US Social Security Death Index; the International Genealogical Index; and user-submitted pedigrees. Millions more digitized documents are still to come under recent partnerships with a variety repositories. You can see a sampling using FamilySearch Labs Record Search. FamilySearch is a must-stop on our for-beginners list because of its extensive research guides and help files, a how-to wiki drawing on the experience of researchers all over the world, and online Family History Library catalog of microfilmed records you can borrow through the worldwide branch Family History Centers.
An alternative to investing in shrink-wrapped software, Geni was picked by PC Magazine as one of the best free online applications of any kind. Its simple interface lets you create an online family tree, add photos and family news, then email relatives and invite them to join in the fun. You can now import and export GEDCOM files, making it easy to transport data from your desktop program.
Library of Congress: American Memory
Anchor your ancestral quest with this friendly front end to the library's wealth of digitized historical documents and photos—-more than 9 million items in all, organized into more than 100 thematic collections. The library's regular catalog catalog.loc.gov also is an easy place to look up pretty much any book in existence, and its National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections (NUCMC) catalogs rare, one-of-a-kind materials in repositories nationwide.
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This venerable volunteer site, now residing in Ancestry.com's Web domain (though still free), has kept its friendly feel and remains an ideal jumping-off point for genealogical newbies. Besides helpful advice such as the RootsWeb Guide to Tracing Family Trees rwguide.rootsweb.com, you'll find more than 31,000 mailing lists and 132,000 message boards, the WorldConnect Project of uploaded pedigree files containing more than 372 million names, and the RootsWeb Surname List of more than 1.2 million surname entries.
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For help finding something similar, just give us a call on 0871 244 0934, we can email you if it comes back into stock »
Buy It Direct acts as a broker and offers credit from a panel of lenders. For more information please click here.


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Discover the AMAPCEO Advantage
You have a home position in an AMAPCEO bargaining unit as either a permanent or fixed-term employee.
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text: I was reading an old post that describes GEOmetadb, a downloadable database containing metadata from the GEO database. We had a brief discussion in the comments about the growth in GSE records (user-submitted) versus GDS records (curated datasets) over time. Below, some quick and dirty R code to examine the issue, using the Bioconductor GEOmetadb


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Nutcracker Butter Cookies
These cookies are a perfect activity for the entire family. Decorate them as creatively as you'd like and give your children the option of decorating their own too!—Taste of Home Test Kitchen, Greendale, Wisconsin
Total TimePrep: 40 min. + chilling Bake: 10 min./batch + cooling
Makes1 dozen
- 1/2 cup butter, softened
- 3/4 cup sugar
- 1 egg
- 3/4 teaspoon vanilla extract
- 1-3/4 cups all-purpose flour
- 1/2 teaspoon baking powder
- 1/4 teaspoon salt
- 4 cups confectioners' sugar
- 6 tablespoons water
- 3 tablespoons meringue powder
- Paste food coloring of your choice
- In a small bowl, cream butter and sugar until light and fluffy. Beat in egg and vanilla. Combine the flour, baking powder and salt; gradually add to creamed mixture and mix well. Cover and refrigerate for 1 hour or until easy to handle.
- On a lightly floured surface, roll out to 1/8-in. thickness. Cut with a 6-in. nutcracker cookie cutter. Place 2 in. apart on ungreased baking sheets. Bake at 350° for 8-10 minutes or until lightly browned. Cool on wire racks.
- For icing, in a large bowl, combine the confectioners' sugar, water and meringue powder; beat on low speed just until combined. Beat on high for 4-5 minutes or until stiff peaks form. Tint as desired with food coloring. (Keep unused icing covered at all times with a damp cloth. If necessary, beat again on high speed to restore texture.)
- Using pastry bags and small round tips, decorate cookies as desired. Let dry at room temperature for several hours or until firm. Store in an airtight container.
Nutrition Facts1 each: 350 calories, 8g fat (5g saturated fat), 38mg cholesterol, 148mg sodium, 66g carbohydrate (50g sugars, 0 fiber), 4g protein.
Every product is independently selected by our editors. If you buy something through our links, we may earn an affiliate commission.


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Vacation Overview
The ultimate trip for those who love to explore, this trip has Peru, Argentina, & Brazil covered. From misty train rides through the sacred valley to Machu Picchu, ziplining through the Amazon jungle, getting the carnival started in Rio and so much more, on this epic odyssey of waterfalls, beaches and big cities, no day is quite like the next. Adventurers everywhere, you've found your calling.
The Adventurer (Until Jan 2020)(With Inca Trail Trek,Start Lima, End Rio de Janeiro) Vacation ItineraryVacation Day 1 - Lima
A new day, a new country – let's do this! Steeped in Spanish colonialism yet buzzing with modern metro vibes, Lima is sure to ignite your love for Peru. Spend your morning marvelling at lavishly decorated churches and an underground tunnel cemetery overflowing with bones or catacombs, then hit the Barranco district this afternoon to get a feel for its bohemian ambiance. A stroll over the Bridge of Sighs is also a must. And of course no trip to Lima is complete without devouring at least one portion of ceviche – it's a pretty massive deal in the city. Round off the day watching the sun set over the Pacific, most likely with a pisco sour in hand…Vacation Day 2 - Lima to Arequipa
The skies are calling this morning as we board our included flight bound for the 'White City' of Arequipa, Peru's second largest city which lies in the shadow of three majestic volcanoes.The town of Arequipa, or La Ciudad Blanca, is both culturally and aesthetically astounding. A city tour will gets us orientated, taking in highlights including the UNESCO World Heritage site of the Plaza de Armas, then this evening is all about something we reckon you're going to love…food. Racoto Relleno (stuffed hot peppers) and Chupe de Camarones (crayfish chowder) are both on the menu, and after a busy day exploring this ancient city, we'll sure be deserving of a feast.Vacation Day 3 - Arequipa to Colca Canyon
Are you ready for another nature masterclass? Waving farewell to Arequipa this morning, we'll pass through Salinas and Aguada Blanco national reserve on route to one of the world's deepest canyons.After a journey of windswept landscapes, sandstone cliff & stops for hot coca tea, we will arrive at the highest point of our entire journey, which at 4910 metres/16,108ft above sea level is the same height as Mont Blanc, Europe's highest peak. Those jaws will be on the floor as you catch a first glimpse of this epic natural masterpiece. Can you feel the tingles already?Vacation Day 4 - Colca Canyon to Puno
This morning promises to be pretty mega as we hop out of bed in search for the King of the Andes, otherwise known as the Andean Condor, which boasts a mega 3-metre wingspan. Fingers crossed luck is on our side – some days we may spot 10 condors, other days none – but that's the fun of Mother Nature. Either way, the majestic view of the Colca Canyon never ceases to impress, and we know you'll leave feeling like you've witnessed something truly special. Back on the road, we'll roll past quaint villages, stop for lunch in Chivay, then head on to the high plains of Peru.Yet more natural beauty will be dished up this afternoon as we pull in to Puno, located on the shores of Lake Titicaca. Spend the evening settling in to our cosy hotel, our head into town for some dance floor action but a word of warning – Puno sits at an altitude of 3657 metres, so go easy on the piscos and the energetic dancefloor moves as the altitude could leave you feeling more breathless than normal. Tomorrow promises to be one to remember as we take to the lake for a taste of ancient Peruvian life…Vacation Day 5 - Puno
Ready to explore this area in all its multi-coloured glory? We thought so. Jumping in a triciclo (a three-wheeled bike taxi) we'll bump our way down to the port and get our first taste of life on the Lake (fun fact – Lake Titicaca is South America's largest freshwater lake). Our boat ride will take us first to Taquile Island, which to this day remains one of the most culturally intact communities in the whole of Peru, and it's here you'll meet local weaving groups and stop for lunch. After exploring, we'll then jump back on the boat and make for the Uros Islands, or as they're more commonly called, the floating islands. Stepping off the boat you'll feel like you're walking on a water bed – unsurprising given the islands are made entirely from reeds. Here, we'll hang with locals, visit a fish farm and even explore the local museum (yes, on an island made from reeds). The island community survives by selling textiles and totora reed boats to tourists, so after stocking up on one-off souvenirs, it's back on the boat as we head home for the night to Puno.Vacation Day 6 - Puno to Cusco via Raqchi
Heading out of Puno this morning we'll make our way to Pukara to visit a small museum offering up archaeological findings and Peru's iconic ceramic bulls. Hitting the road again we'll journey through the snow-capped surrounds of La Raya, stopping for lunch in the town of Sicuani. Eagle eyes, this is llama country, so have those cameras at the ready.Ancient Incan culture suggest that the Raqchi ruins are sacred for their powerful healing waters. Your entry tickets on us, and our local guide will paint the full picture as we explore the ruins. The Temple of Wiracocha is the pride of the site, and we'll learn that the ruins were built as a village defence. History lesson complete we'll head on to Cusco, the next stop of our adventure.Our final leg of the day lands us in Cusco, the hub of ancient Incan culture. This place is a feast for the senses and will call you out for an evening of exploration and maybe even some after dark antics, Cusco style.Vacation Day 7 - Cusco
Another day, another incredible Latin American destination to uncover; today it's sun up 'til sun down in Cusco. Shop for artisan jewellery and woodworks, roam the cobble-stone streets or just stroll the San Pedro markets eating cacao buds and sipping on coca leaf tea. Today really is what you make it as you're in total control…except for dinner with the crew – that's on us.Vacation Day 8 - Cusco to Sacred Valley
Heading out of Cusco and bound for the Sacred Valley on our private coach, this is where our journey into the ruins and mystique of this land truly begins. But first, llamas. An iconic symbol of Peru, we'll be stopping off at a llama farm to show some love to these furry favourites up close, and we're talking the whole humpback family – llamas, vicuna and alpacas. #llamaselfie achieved, we'll then stop off to witness the ancient Incan art of weaving in practise by a group of talented local artisans. Throughout the journey, play close attention to your surrounds – there's the chance to spot the Incan farming technique of terracing, as well as the 'salineras' (salt mines). Want to know what the Peruvians do for fun? You'll get the chance to play the traditional game of "Sapo", and exactly what that entails we'll leave to the imagination… Our explorations of the Sacred Valley will begin with a guided tour of the Pisac and Ollantaytambo ruins. Our Local Guide will give you the d-l on both, visiting the circular terraced Pisac ruins first which date back to the 1400's. Moving on to Ollantaytambo, base camp for those taking the trek tomorrow, we'll appease dry mouths with some homemade Chica de Jora brew. This tiny town may be small in geographical terms, but what it lacks in size it makes up for in attitude, with artisan shops and cafes spilling out onto streets, and the roaring Urubamba river providing the perfect natural background noise. For those embarking on the Inca trail tomorrow this is your final chance to stock up on last minute essentials (socks, socks and more socks). For all others, spend your time soaking in the vibes, hanging with other travellers and just getting a feel for this iconic little town.Vacation Day 9 - Sacred Valley to Aguas Calientes or Inca Trail Trek
For those embarking on our epic 1 day trek, we'll catch the train to KM104 and the start of a day to remember. With just 3.5 hours on foot and 6-kilometres to cover, the enchanting site that awaits us will make it all worthwhile. Descending into the site we'll take in Wayana Picchu 'Little peak' – the iconic peak you'll have seen in every picture ever – marvelling at the incredible handiwork of the ancient Incas. Satisfaction levels at an all-time high and with a big ol' smile on your tired face, we'll head back to Aguas Calientes and a squishy hotel bed you couldn't be more deserving of. For those not embarking on the Inca Trail,the morning is yours to enjoythe surrounding lush mountains of Aguas Calientes.Can you feel the excitement mounting? Yep – those are pretty much the feels when Machu Picchu is quite literally on the horizon. This afternoon we'll hop on the train to Aguas Calientes, a cute town in its own right complete with roaring river, quaint bridges and local haunts, but most famously known as the gateway town to Machu Picchu. We'll meet up with those who opted for the one day trek, and basically spend the evening hyping each other up for what's to come tomorrow.Vacation Day 10 - Machu Picchu to Cusco
Excitement levels at an all-time high, the day we've all been waiting for is finally here – it's Machu Picchu time! Built around 1450 at the height of the Incan Empire, Machu Picchu is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and one of the seven wonders of the new world. We'll be treated to a guided tour of the site taking in such wonders as the Temple of the Three Windows and Wayana Picchu (the peak you'll of seen in every Machu Picchu image ever), and of course you'll have some alone time to explore the area as only you can do. This is one big old tick off the life goals list, so enjoy every single second of it.Back on the train we'll de-brief on our once-in-a-lifetime experience as we head back to Cusco. Last time round was all about getting acquainted with the city, so now you've got you're bearings you can really get lost amongst the market stalls and cobbled streets, maybe even going truly local by trying out a serving of cuy.Vacation Day 11 - Cusco
The last few days have been pretty full on, so today is all about seeking out some much needed r'n'r. Grab a lie in at the hotel then sip fresh mountain coffee in the Plaza de Armas, or maybe take a stroll around town to pick up an alpaca sweater or ten (they are super snuggly). Can't shake that taste for adventure? We hear you.Vacation Day 12 - Cusco to Jungle Lodge
Saying a final farewell to Cusco, we'll hop on our included flight over the Andes to the city of Puerto Maldonado. With the sound of macaws and toucans welcoming us in, this can only mean one thing…it's jungle time.A quick tour of the city will reveal colourful fruit stalls, open air markets and locals going about their day. But now we're back underway and we just want to get to the jungle…What's accessible only by boat, is made from wood and clay and surrounded by the sounds and colours of nature? Answer – our rainforest lodge, your blissful home for the night. We'll work up a pre-dinner appetite by hiking to the canopy tower, then after a tasty home-cooked dinner continue our outdoor pursuits by heading out to spot caimans – a member of the alligator family native to the Amazon. Tonight promises to be one for the story bank as you fall asleep in your open-walled room to the exotic sounds of the surrounding jungle.Vacation Day 13 - Jungle Lodge to Puerto Maldonado
If the vibrant morning song of the jungle birds hasn't roused you early doors, the prospect of the Tres Chimadas lake teeming with wildlife will. Our morning catamaran cruise will have us spotting prehistoric hoatzin birds and giant river otters. Satisfaction levels on high, the rest of the afternoon is all yours – canopy climbing or kayaking ticking any of the boxes?Tired and hungry after another adventure filled day, we'll head back to Puerto Maldonado to make camp for the night. After such an epic day of jungle antics, we're guessing a good night's sleep and some sweet group hangs are pretty high on the agenda.Vacation Day 14 - Puerto Maldonado to Lima
Today marks our last day in Peru before heading east to Argentina and Brazil, so how better to spend it than one last night in the city where it all began – Lima. Options for your free evening in Lima are varied and endless. Maybe make for the trendy district of Miraflores, hang in Parque Kennedy or opt for one last plate of fresh to death ceviche in the city its best known for. One things for sure, we know you'll be toasting your Peruvian leg with a final pisco sour, as tomorrow the nectar takes a decidedly red and rich turn as we enter Argentina.Vacation Day 15 - Lima to Buenos Aires
Who's ready for a new country? That's right globe trotters, we're up, up and away again this morning (how many included flights is that now?) in the direction of the Country of Seven Continents. Everything about Argentina gives us the tingles, and we know you're going to love it just as much as we do. But enough waving lyrical, we've got a new city to conquer…South America's most cosmopolitan city will spread out before us like a treasure box waiting to be opened as we descend on Buenos Aires, and with 4 nights to spend in the Argentinian capital damn right those are excitement butterflies in your stomach. If the 4.5 hour flight zonked you a bit (just be glad you didn't do it overland) maybe keep it chilled in the afternoon, but for the balls of energy amongst you we've got plenty to keep you entertained. Want to dive straight in to the Argentine food scene? An optional Parilla tour will get you down and dirty with the good stuff, namely beer, pastries, steak, wine and ice cream. Tonight we'll take it easy, ready for a big ol' day of culture tomorrow.Vacation Day 16 - Buenos Aires
Well good morning Buenos Aires – who's ready to go conquer this magnificent city? We'll get you straight into the hustle of BA with a city tour of the best bits, we're talking colonial mansions, the colourful neighbourhood of La Boca, the historic meets cosmopolitan vibes of Puerto Madero and San Telmo and more, all the while learning about the historic figures who made this city what it is today. Just hold back some of that new city energy for tonight. Oh yes, we've got a traditional tango show served over Argentine wine and melt in the mouth food on offer, and we know deep down you've got the moves…Vacation Day 17 - Buenos Aires
After our city tour yesterday, we'll be feeling pretty acquainted with BA and ready to dive in and explore for ourselves. A good job really, as the next two days are yours to write your very own Buenos Aires love story. So, what to do? How about taste testing the traditional creamy cookies (alfajores), or scouting for antiques in the district of San Telmo. Feel like getting a little more active? One word – polo. The national sport of Argentina, polo is a pretty big deal, so here's your chance to discover it for yourself. Catch a game, refuel over a tasty BBQ lunch, then jump on horseback and take tips from the pros. That might just be another big ol' tick off that ever growing bucket list.Vacation Day 18 - Buenos Aires
Today is our last full day in Buenos Aires so time to really make it count. Ask your Trip Manager for any must do activities to tick off the list…or just a killer spot to sink a few café con leche and watch the city go by (we love the historic Café Tortoni). Tonight, why not make it all about the belly with our optional culinary experience. You'll get the chance to make your very own empanadas from scratch, cook an Argentine steak perfectly to your liking, and devour yet more of those tasty little alfajores. And the wine? Well that will just keep on flowing, naturally…Vacation Day 19 - Buenos Aires to Iguassu Falls
Rise and shine Latin adventurers, we've got yet another included flight to catch – Brazil bound…Landing in Puerto Iguazu we'll hop over the border and dig or toes into Brazilian soil for the first time, clapping eyes on yet another astounding natural wonder. Listen out for all those oohhs and aahhs. A collection of 275 individual waterfalls, Iguassu Falls sprawls both Brazil and Argentina, with both sides offering up stunning UNESCO World Heritage parks and views. Today though, is all about the Brazilian side, and what better way to see the falls from every angle than with an optional helicopter ride, taking the term 'birds eye view' to a whole new level. Go on – treat yo' self! For those keeping feet on the ground, take your time exploring the Parque Nacional do Iguaçu, then tonight we'll pencil in some group hangs over caipirinha's to debrief yet another action packed day.Vacation Day 20 - Iguassu Falls
Iguassu we're not done with you yet! Yesterday was all about the Brazilian side, but today we're hopping back over to Argentina to see what the deal is from this side of the falls. We'll take a hike to the very edge of Devil's Throat, the highest of the 275 falls, and for those keen there's even the option to take to the water with a speed boat ride through the spray of the falls. Refreshing? Oh you could say that…With a full day spent here, take your time exploring, trying to figure out the age old debate – which side wears it better? Tonight, dinners packing a serious punch – we'll be treating you to an authentic Brazilian BBQ dinner. Say hello to the meat sweats…Vacation Day 21 - Iguassu Falls to Rio
Catch you later Iguassu – Rio, we're coming in hot…If Rio knows one thing, it's how to p-a-r-t-y, so having fun in this life loving city is already a given. But first things first – let's get acquainted with our surroundings a little better. After a quick orientation tour, the afternoon is then yours to explore as you please, though given our hotel's beachfront location, we reckon you'll only have one thing on your mind.Vacation Day 22 - Rio De Janerio
Ready for another New Wonder of the World? Today will kick off with a visit to perhaps South America's biggest icon – the Christ the Redeemer statue. Standing at an impressive 30m high (that's 98ft) this religious monument casts an almighty shadow over the city below, and will be a moment you won't be forgetting any time soon. Back in the city, the choice is yours as to how the rest of the day goes. Kick back on Copacabana amidst the football players and Capoeira masters, or maybe you'd prefer to ascend the 396 metres of Sugarloaf Mountain, or party Favela style with the locals. Tonight we've got yet another foodie experience to tempt you with, taking Brazilian BBQ to a whole new level of meat indulgence. Let's do this!Vacation Day 23 - Rio De Janerio
Excuse us while we cry into our caipirinhas – today is our last full day on tour. Sob. But before the emotions run too high, let's make sure we see it out with a bang, Rio style. So, what have we got to tempt you with today? How's about a boat cruise overflowing with cocktails and good times, or maybe go hand-gliding over the city to catch it in all its scenic glory. If those sweet Brazilian rays are calling you (or perhaps just the gorgeous bods in teeny tiny swimwear), opt to spend your last day kicking it on the beach, capirinha in hand of course. However you want to see out your trip, your Trip Manager is there to make it happen (and that includes watching the masters of football do it like no one else can, if a game's in town). Tonight's your last one with your Latin family, so make it one to remember…Vacation Day 24 - Rio De Janerio
The time has almost come, but not before getting one last little slice of Rio with a favela tour this morning, getting a glimpse into the shanty town life of the city. The favelas are home to literally millions of Rio locals, and dot the surrounding hillside far into the distance. Back at the hotel, this adventure of epic proportion will finally come to an end. Hug it out with the new friends you now class as family, and damn right you're already on those reunion tour plans. Europe next summer, anyone?
Vacation Prices
|22 Dec,2019
|Trip Starts
|Trip Ends
|Room Type
|22 Dec,2019 00:00
|14 Jan,2020 00:00
|22 Dec,2019 00:00
|14 Jan,2020 00:00
|22 Dec,2019 00:00
|14 Jan,2020 00:00
|05 Jan,2020
|Trip Starts
|Trip Ends
|Room Type
|05 Jan,2020 00:00
|28 Jan,2020 00:00
|05 Jan,2020 00:00
|28 Jan,2020 00:00
|05 Jan,2020 00:00
|28 Jan,2020 00:00
|19 Jan,2020
|Trip Starts
|Trip Ends
|Room Type
|19 Jan,2020 00:00
|11 Feb,2020 00:00
|19 Jan,2020 00:00
|11 Feb,2020 00:00
|19 Jan,2020 00:00
|11 Feb,2020 00:00
*Prices are not guaranteed until time of booking
All of This & More is Included as standard on your Trip.


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- Yield
- Makes 6 servings
- Total Time
- 25 minutes
- 1 pound gnocchi-shaped pasta (such as cavatelli) or shell pasta
- 3 tablespoons olive oil
- 1 large red onion, halved, sliced crosswise
- 4 skinless boneless chicken breast halves, cut crosswise into 1/3- to 1/2-inch-thick slices
- 4 teaspoons chopped fresh rosemary
- 1 head of curly endive, trimmed, very coarsely chopped (about 12 cups)
- 1 1/2 cups crumbled blue cheese (such as Maytag; about 9 ounces)
- 3/4 cup coarsely chopped toasted walnuts (optional)
- Cook pasta in large pot of boiling salted water until just tender but still firm to bite, stirring occasionally.
- Meanwhile, heat oil in heavy large deep skillet over medium-high heat. Add onion; sauté until slightly softened, about 4 minutes. Sprinkle chicken with salt and pepper; add to skillet with rosemary and sauté until chicken is almost cooked through, about 4 minutes. Add endive; toss until slightly wilted and chicken is cooked through, about 1 minute.
- Drain pasta, reserving 3/4 cup pasta cooking liquid. Return pasta to pot. Add chicken mixture, blue cheese, and enough pasta cooking liquid to moisten; toss to blend. Season with salt and pepper. Transfer to large bowl; sprinkle with nuts, if desired.
One serving (with coarsely chopped toasted walnuts) contains the following: 753.47 Calories (kcal), 37.3% Calories from Fat, 31.25 (g) Fat, 9.15 (g)


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Paper Arts and Origami
Don't you just love paper! It's no wonder paper crafting is so popular. Paper is available in a variety of styles, relatively inexpensive, recyclable, and so much fun to work with! It lends itself to a wide range of crafting techniques. Cut it, roll it, glue it, stitch it, mold it or layer it, as you use it to create stunning journals, cards, décor and more. The fresh ideas in these books will get you started.


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Tahoe Rim Trail Association announces 'Thru Hike' and 'Segment Hiking' programs
TAHOE, Calif. – Join the Tahoe Rim Trail Association for its Annual Thru Hike or Segment Hiking Program on the Tahoe Rim Trail. Create your own personal story on this 15-day backpacking trip or enjoy hiking a different segment of the trail on Wednesdays or Saturdays this summer. Will you be the next participant to add your story?
Gary's experience on the Thru Hike was life changing- he proposed to his now wife half way through the hike. He's now a TRTA volunteer guide, and helps to inspire others to get outdoors and have fun.
Jim thought this might be has last trail experience, after battling with prostate cancer. After completing the Thru Hike, he now has a renewed passion for life and has joined our team of volunteer guides.
Dave was a surfer, kayaker, writer and photographer. After suffering a stroke and brain surgery, his next life changing event was the TRTA Thru Hike.
Kristine shared the experience of hiking the Tahoe Rim Trail on the Segment Hiking Program with her daughter in 2010. It was a special experience for them, and now they enjoy hiking all over the Sierra Nevada. Kristine is now an enthusiastic guide for the TRTA.
Tim enjoyed the Segment Hiking Program so much in 2010 that he signed up for a second round in 2011! He eagerly participates in many of our public hikes because of his experience on the Tahoe Rim Trail.
Will 2012 be your year? Sign up now for the TRTA Annual Thru Hike, which will occur twice in 2012, Aug. 4-18 and Sept. 8-22. This is a unique opportunity to do a "supported" 15-day backpacking trip on the Tahoe Rim Trail , with two groups of 12 participants. Each group will have three to four experienced guides and remarkable views along the way. Please visit http://www.tahoerimtrail.org to learn more and to register. This experience is not for first time backpackers.
If backpacking is not your thing than consider hiking with the Wednesday or Saturday Segment Hiking Program in 2012. The Wednesday group will take an extra week or two to hike the trail in smaller segments at a slightly gentler pace. The Saturday group will tackle one of the eight TRT segments each week. Desolation Wilderness will be divided into two day hikes, and will add a ninth segment to the calendar. For more details visit http://www.tahoerimtrail.org
Space is limited! Registration is now available online for both programs at http://www.tahoerimtrail.org. For more information or questions please call Jaime Souza at 775-298-0231 or email firstname.lastname@example.com.
For more information about the Tahoe Rim Trail Association, call 775-298-0012 or visit http://www.tahoerimtrail.org. The Tahoe Rim Trail Association, founded in 1981, is a nonprofit organization which works "to maintain and enhance the Tahoe Rim Trail system, practice and inspire stewardship and promote access to the beauty of the Lake Tahoe Region."


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Funding Medical Stop-Loss in Captives: What You Need to Know
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Spring's decades of experience in risk funding, disability management and actuarial innovation make us the perfect partner for brokers that have clients with advanced needs.


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Sat, 22 December 2018
"Krazy Joe" & Christine are taking part in the Dog Days of Advent....a new podcast every day from December 2nd to December 25th!!
We're talking about our favorite Christmas ornaments!
Today's ornament: Christine's Rudolph Collection!
Special thanks to our first three patrons, Shawn Fisher, Nigel Blackwood & Melissa Bartell, the Bathtub Mermaid!
Help Support MegaPodTastic by buying a MegaPodTastic T-Shirt or some MegaPodTastic lady's underwear for your wife and/or girlfriend. She'll give you a high five for it!
Please become a fan of MegaPodTastic on Facebook, and subscribe to us on I-Tunes.
Please send your comments to us at email@example.com or give us a review on I-Tunes.
MegaPodTastic has a voicemail line! Call us at 610-624-1985. Give us a call...maybe you'll be on the next episode!
Keep on wearing those pajamas!!
Direct download: MegaPodtastic__258__Dog_Days_of_Advent_2018_Day_21.m4a
Category:general -- posted at: 3:00am EST


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Michael Mayben
IHPA Tech Moderator - Retired & No Longer Online
- User Lists
Visitor Messages
Showing Visitor Messages 1 to 10 of 92
06-02-2017 01:35 PMMarioHello Michael:
I have a 1963 Scout 80. It has the Delco dizzy. The engine is rebuilt and the Scout restored. Completely stock except that I put on a Pertronix Ignitor. I dialed it all in about two month ago with the new carb. After driving on bumpy dirt road I stopped and it would not start back up. I burned out the old starter trying and had to tow it home. I put in new starter and it cranks beautifully but still will not start. It tries to start at the end of the crank but will not catch. I put a new coil in and it is the same. With a test lamp I have power at coil + when koeo and koec. Yet when I take the main coil wire off the distributor and place a 1/4" from engine, I only get spark at the beginning and end of crank? If I crank for 15 seconds it will not spark again until you let off. Distributor? Ignition switch?
01-01-2017 06:22 PMMark StevensMichael, read the entire thread on the 1904's. Saw you might have some scrap parts. I need a throttle shaft for a 1963 C1100 with 2 15/16 carburetor mounting bolts. I have 2 spare 1904's to trade parts out of and/or I'm certainly willing to pay for the part too! Short of purchasing a Daytona Universal or a Tomco 1-153, I don't seem to have any options!
07-20-2016 11:37 AMSancho VerdeMichael, Hi, this is Corey Green from Terlingua, George Womack's friend, hey man I was looking for carb float answer and your name was in the thread! imagine that! I signed up yesterday.
Had a Bad few years, hope yers were better. George is in Colorado. Don't see him as much new girlfriend... Bummer.
So I have a tech/availability question.
Have a friend who can rebuild the 2210 Holley on my Orange , '73-345.
Got kit need Float! Do you have a source that can get me one by this Friday?
Napa, AutoZone, claim not in stock got to order. Any help much appreciated, email me at,
email@example.com, then I can bring you up to speed!
SeeYa, Sancho
02-16-2016 09:20 AMscout2000Hello Michael,
I was just poking around the forum and came across your "Uncle Ed" thread here.
It just seems to end abruptly, mid restoration in 2010. Wondering what is the status of this vehicle?
Did the restoration continue somewhere else?
The read up til things stopped was great and very educational.
What happened?
Thank you,
Jerry Kemp
09-30-2015 07:24 PMwlmsonreMichael,
In the process of planning the rebuild of my 345 and I would like to retain the stock rods to save funds for some other components. I have read the threads concerning weight reductions. Other modifications I have planned will give me a higher rpm capability and while I won't be turning 5500 rpm regularly if the mood strikes me…
So will reducing the rotating mass have any adverse effects on torque?
09-16-2015 10:37 PMdswehoskyMichael I read your post on the economizers for a Holley 1904 and how to identify if they came from a 1920. Is it possible that later models used that style. I have a 1967 800 that to all my records has the original carb, but contained the 1920 style economizer. If I need to use that style, can I pickup a Ford Holley 1904 and cannibalize it for a correct 1904?
Thanks for any thoughts.
02-04-2015 06:09 PMmbergtholdMike - on the thermal vacuum switch post, you wrote that you have a '77. I have a '77 S2 345/727 w/AC, Calif. I am looking for someone who has the same spec vehicle to send me a photo of their smog sticker on the firewall plate under the hood so I can have a sticker made. Mine has remnants of the adhesive where the sticker was originally, but no sticker remains. If yours isn't spec'd like mine, do you know of someone's that is? I've ordered quite a bit of stuff from you & Jeff, placing another order now. Any help is appreciated. btw, I'm hoping to make this year's Sierra Rallye, looking forward to it.
my email is: firstname.lastname@example.com
Thanks Again Chris Smith
I just bought a 75 Scout II with a 345 V-8 w/ 2 barrel carb and a manual transmission. It hasn't been on the road in 10 year and I was reading you post about starting an engine that has set awhile and downloaded your Old Iron .pdf.
Did you ever finish that with pictures?
Also I downloaded the electrical schematics I assume the term XMSN means transmission?
This is my second Scout but have not owner one since I was 20 years old. I have ordered a service manual which I am sure will anwser a lot of questions but any help you can provide will be greatly apperciated.
Chris Smith
Salem, Oregon
08-25-2014 07:53 PMpgattermanMichael,
I need some quick measurements for welding my 78 Scout II gas tank bracket on. I bought a new floor and the old one never had the bracket on it....it rusted off years ago. Needless to say I don't know where to weld the new bracket. I have the supports on, but need this to finish. I know you have had some gas tank forums that I have looked through, but really nothing showing a measurement. I know it's really close if not right next to the frame cross-member. If you could give me some pictures or measurements from a rear support or something that would be great. You can email me too if that helps. firstname.lastname@example.com Thanks a bunch.
About Me
- About Michael Mayben
- Location
- Leaburg, Orygone
- Occupation
- Saving the North American Continent from the disease known as "political correctness"
- Are yawl ready??? If not here's some training ya might need to prepare:
- Are yawl ready??? If not here's some training ya might need to prepare:


text:
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Feb 1st: Field Trip for VPK and School-Age.
Feb 2nd: Groundhog Day.
Feb 3rd: Rep Your Favorite Team Day.
Feb 10th: Wacky Sock Day.
Feb 14th: Valentine's Day Party.
Feb 20th: President's Day. Center closed for Training.
Feb 27th: Community Helper Day.
Parent Reminders
Family First Program: Zahira Buchanan, our Family First Program Specialist, can help you with job searches, housing, educational resources, workshops, government applications such as food stamps or Medicaid and much, much more!
Family First Program
"Everything we do improves the lives of children."
P.A. Geraci Child Development Center News
Field Trip
February 1st The VPK and School-Age children are going on a field trip. They are going to feed the cows and learn about their eating habits.
February 3rd Children and teachers will wear their favorite sports apparel! Parents, bring your child wearing their favorite sports team. Show your team spirit!
Wacky Sock Day
February 10th Be sure to wear your wacky and crazy mis-matched socks today!
President's Day
February 20th Our center will be CLOSED for our Annual In-Service Day.
In honor of President's day we've put together few fun facts about presidents:
Celery Stamp Valentine Hearts
An easy stamp for Valentine's Day Hearts, a slice of celery dipped in red paint. Make celery stamp Valentine hearts for a bouquet of flowers on a Valentine's Day card.
Child Care of Southwest Florida 6831 Palisades Park Ct. Suite 6 Fort Myers, Florida 33912 You received this email because your child is enrolled at one of the Child Care Centers of Southwest Florida. Our 6 locations: The Children's Learning Center at FSW | Joseph H. Messina Child Care Center | P.A. Geraci Development Center | The Community Children's Center | Children's Garden of LaBelle | Harlem Academy Update your email preferences to choose the types of emails you receive. Unsubscribe from all future emails