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The holidays and end of year are nearly upon us as I write this article. This time of year brings so many different and conflicted feelings for most people, usually very personal and emotional. As noted previously, while so many look forward to so much, many people have bittersweet memories and difficult standards and goals for which to strive during the holidays and into the New Year. It is a time for remembering activities and traditions of previous holidays but also the losses (health restrictions, jobs, life styles and people). For some there have also been improvements in health and treatments and new traditions. Others hold onto the more troubling thoughts and feelings and have great difficulty moving on. Sometimes the illness itself is not responding to treatment yet or is being stubborn and brutal.
Tears often represent unresolved sadness and grief, in addition to actual clinical depression. When living with chronic illness patients and caregivers can't help but experience, a mix of depression and anxiety from changes in the status quo. After all, chronic illnesses don't go away, which is why they are called chronic to begin with. Seeing family and friends, not seen often, during the holidays often brings people into the position of being seen as SICK and HELPLESS or being told they look BETTER and so must be doing/feeling better.
And, don't forget that tears can be positive, too. I often tell patients that tears are allowing toxins to leave the body; who doesn't want a less toxic body? People also cry when happy or just plain sentimental. I have one friend who never ceases to make me laugh. I keep telling him to take his act on the road!
Sometimes it is just easier to not discuss at all since "chronic illnesses" seems to be such a mystery to so many, especially a rare or ultra rare disease. One person I know actually carries around a few copies of the dictionary definition of chronic in order to avoid explanations. If there is loss of energy it may feel like running a marathon just getting together with family and friends, even when not trying to "host" the holidays or a get-together. Travel can feel like a triathlon; sometimes just getting out of bed, let alone the home, can be excruciatingly difficult.
The essential ingredient in getting through this is acceptance; think of acceptance as the main ingredient in the recipe. If unable to get to acceptance, try putting hurtful feelings on hiatus in order to get through difficult periods. I do not advocate pushing yourself beyond your limits, but one thing psychologists learned from the "behaviorists" (Skinner, Watson, et al) of the 1960's is that one does not have to feel wonderful or have tremendous insight to effect changes: making changes, even small ones, can actually make you feel better. For example, just going to a gathering may make a person feel better, even if there is a need to leave early. Getting more dressed up, and seeing oneself in a mirror, allows the person to see themselves more as they once were and may again be.
Fears of the uncertainty of it all are real and often keeping anxiety high or ever-present. With chronic illness one never knows what the next day will bring. Expectations of what one can or cannot do may be unrealistically high or low. In either case, anxiety may remain a constant. Some people even have actual panic attacks, where they have trouble breathing and chest pain, simulating a heart attack. If on high doses of a medication like prednisone, life will feel like a roller coaster . . . because it is!
Medications can help, and are often necessary. Therapy can teach new ways of coping that will be absolutely necessary to get back in (limited) control and to accept to help move on.
Sometimes techniques can be learned in therapy or from self-help books. I am not a great fan of most self-help books, but new ideas and ways of handling things will be helpful, however they are learned. When new circumstances take people back to old unresolved events or issues that is when psychotherapy will be absolutely necessary.
Fortunately the stigma once attached to the need for psychologists and psychiatrists has changed for most of the population. Asking for help in just understanding why one feels as they do is the first step in taking this course. The support and understanding of others, your support system or lack of one, is never to be underestimated.
So, where are the cheers to come from? How about improvement in the illness' impact, adjustment to this new life, just being able to sit comfortably or to eat and enjoy food again, feeling more stable, being in partial or full remission, fewer or less harsh drugs? Any or all of the above and so much more are cause for celebration.
What are my recommendations for the holidays and New Year? Take a lot of pictures to help create new memories; try at least one new thing; let the people you love know how much you love and appreciate them in your life; smile more; let go of small disturbing things; say hello to someone you don't know.
Cheers to all for a happy and healthier New Year. Remember, the IPPF Annual Meeting will be in Detroit in 2011 – May 20-22 – a time to learn from the experts, meet or reunite with others, and to feel connected.
I hope to see you there!


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On a Continental Airlines flight this summer from Newark to Seattle, a seatmate made a crack about the "mystery meat" in the complimentary in-flight meal. "Say what you want," snapped the flight attendant, "Continental is the last airline serving free meals and soon they're going bye-bye. I bet you'll complain then, too."
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She was right about the complimentary meals. Starting Oct. 12, Continental, which recently merged with United, will sell buy-on-board meals on all domestic flights under six hours. Continental is the last major domestic airline to jettison free meals.
"What Continental served to coach passengers wasn't exactly a four-course meal. It was more like a roll with a piece of meat," said aviation expert Mike Boyd of Boyd Group International. "I won't miss it. But now that the free meals are gone, I'm sure some people will complain."
Send us a photo of your airline meal
Moving away from free food, according to Jim Compton, Continental's chief marketing offer, is a reflection of "today's market and customer preference." Eliminating complimentary meals will save the airline an estimated $35 million each year — not much when you consider an airline's success is measured in billions of dollars, but still significant in an era when every penny counts.
Do meals matter?
Mary Tabacchi, an associate professor of food and beverage management at the Cornell University School of Hotel Administration, doubts whether anyone will care that Continental has cut its complimentary meal service. "Economy-class passengers voted with their feet a long time ago. Schedules and cost now come first and food is way down in the rankings. Meals on Continental were just a bonus."
For now, most airlines continue to offer complimentary coffee, tea, water and soft drinks. "Our complimentary snacks are still offered with beverage cart service on most flights — cookies in the morning and pretzels for the rest of the day/evening," said Continental spokesperson Mary Clark.
Continental is not the only carrier still offering free snacks. Southwest Airlines passengers can snack on peanuts or pretzels on all flights. And complimentary snacks on AirTran and United include small bags of pretzels or Biscoff cookies. Delta Airlines adds peanuts into that mix.
Midwest Airlines became famous for its complimentary, warm chocolate chip cookies — a tradition that continues even after it merged with Frontier. Alaska Airlines hands outs a complimentary snack mix and, on some longer flights, Cougar Mountain cookies. Alaska passengers going to Hawaii are also treated to a small serving of Mauna Loa Macadamia nuts and a complimentary Mai Tai or passion orange guava juice.
Most popular
JetBlue offers passengers unlimited servings of chips, cashews, animal crackers and other items. And each month, Horizon Air, a regional carrier in the Pacific Northwest, offers passengers a different Northwest wine and microbrew at no extra charge.
Competition on the ground
As they did with baggage fees and fees for extra legroom, aisle seats and other unbundled airline amenities, passengers are getting used to the idea of buying their own in-flight meals.
In Zagat's 2009 airlines survey, 19 percent of travelers said they'd willingly pay for snacks on domestic flights. Only six percent said they purchased buy-on-board meals if a free meal isn't offered.Slideshow: Airline cuisine (on this page)
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So are travelers filling up on Pringles or going hungry? In many cases, neither. More than half of the respondents said they bought their in-flight meals at the airport.
"We are absolutely competing with airport food," said Rob Gallagher, Virgin America's catering manager. "Airports are now doing so many wonderful things with food."
"The average passenger spends more than $8 on food per trip at the major airports," said Hans Miller, CEO of Airside Mobile. "Airlines and airports are just beginning to see themselves in competition for those food sales as well as other service-oriented revenue."
Passengers, in turn, are getting better snack and meal choices, said Bill Gillen, an executive chef for LSG Sky Chefs. "In the past it was just putting things together. Now there's a lot more thought going into offering things that are interesting, innovative and a good value. Like the shaved roast turkey sandwich with corn bread stuffing some airlines will be offering during the holidays. People love that."
Planning ahead
United Airlines is hoping passengers will love ordering, and paying for, their in-flight meals before they even get on the plane.
Last week the airline introduced two $24.99 brunch options, with chocolate and sparkling wine, for customers flying premium service flights between New York's JFK and Los Angeles or San Francisco.
But there's a twist: Meals must be ordered online and 72 hours before a flight.
"I believe a premium meal offering would have consumer appeal," said Henry Harteveldt, a travel analyst for Forrester Research. "But I am concerned that, even with sparkling wine, this is too expensive."
Harriet Baskas is a frequent contributor to msnbc.com, authors the "Stuck at the Airport" blog and is a columnist for USATODAY.com. You can follow her on Twitter .

subset: commoncrawl


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It's been a while since I even had a link to the forum, and it's been an oversight on my part. But the sad truth is, that there's been nothing really new to comment on here for a while. Even my mom stopped logging on regularly.
Well. a new strip will be launched very soon, probably within days. I hope I can lure old friends back and make some new ones.
Home Fries and Lester Fry have not been abandoned, I just thought it was a good time to try something new. The new strip will have a regular story line, but every once in a while, I'll indulge a quirky idea that I think you might find funny.
It will take a while for the new strip to gel and the characters to evolve, and i hope you'll enjoy watching the process. As always, I welcome your comments and suggestions.
Welcome new friends; welcome back old friends, and hopefully...welcome back Mom.


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A Pennsylvania hunter who shot a deer in a crowded Wal-Mart parking lot on the first day of hunting season last year will have his record expunged if he completes six months' probation without incident.
The Pittsburgh Tribune-Review reports 40-year-old Arcangelo Bianco Jr. was accepted into a first offenders' program by an Indiana County judge on Friday. The program doesn't require a guilty plea, though Bianco must also pay $1,080 in court costs and probation supervision fees and do 20 hours of community service.
An employee of the Wal-Mart in Burrell Township told police Bianco sped in his pickup and fired a handgun near the store's cargo loading area. Bianco allegedly fired another shot as the deer ran across U.S. Route 22 and two more as the animal fell in a woman's yard.
Bianco had pleaded guilty to the charges.


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This report describes the latest concepts of pathomechanisms of pain as a basis for the management and development of new pharmacotherapies for pain. Major segments of the pain market are arthritis, neuropathic pain and cancer pain. Because pain is a subjective sensation, it is difficult to evaluate objectively in clinical trials. Various tools for pain measurement are described, including brain imaging.
Most of the currently used analgesic drugs fall into the categories of opioids and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as COX-2 inhibitors. Non-opioid analgesics include ketamine, a N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist. Adjuvant analgesics include antidepressants and antiepileptic drugs used for the treatment of neuropathic pain. Management of pain is multidisciplinary and includes both pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods such as acupuncture, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, and surgery. Various pain syndromes require different approaches in management, for example, the main category of drugs for migraine are triptans such as sumatriptan.
Drug delivery is an important consideration in pain treatment. Controlled release preparations provide a steady delivery of analgesics. Well-known non-injection methods such astransdermal, pulmonary and intranasal application have been used. Topical analgesics and local anesthetics are also available. Devices such as implanted pumps are used for the delivery of drugs such as opioids intrathecally (introduction into spinal subarachnoid space by lumbar puncture) in patients with cancer pain.
The wide variety of drugs in development includes opioid receptor ligands, bradykinin antagonists, mPGES-1 inhibitors, glutamate receptor antagonists, substance P and neurokinin receptor antagonists, norepinephrine transporter inhibitors, P2X2 neuron receptor antagonists and nitric oxide-based analgesics. A number of cannabinoids are also in development for pain. Fish-derived tetrodotoxin was initially focused on the indication of opiate addiction withdrawal but is found to have an analgesic action as well. Cone shells contain therapeutically useful peptides including the conotoxins, and one such peptide, ziconotide, has been approved. Various cell and gene therapies are also being developed for the management of pain.
Advances in molecular and biological techniques are markedly advancing our understanding of pain. Understanding the pathophysiology of pain is an important factor in the discovery of rational therapies for pain. Advances in pharmacogenomics and pharmacogenetics are enabling the development of personalized approaches to the management of pain.
Over 500 companies have been identified to be involved in developing or marketing pain therapeutics and 173 of these are profiled in the report along with 156 collaborations. These are a mix of pharmaceutical companies and biotechnology companies.
The worldwide analgesic markets were analyzed for the year 2018 and projected to 2028. Calculations are based on the epidemiology of various painful conditions and the development of analgesic drugs and devices. Unfulfilled needs for analgesics are identified and strategies are outlined to develop markets for analgesic drugs. The report is supplemented with 76 tables, 25 figures, and 600 selected references to the literature.
The report contains information on the following:
- Basic aspects of pain
- Assessment of pain
- Pharmacology of pain
- Management of pain
- Drug delivery for pain
- Drug development for pain
- Pain markets
- Future of pain therapeutics
- Companies involved pain therapeutics
0. Executive Summary
1. Basic Aspects of Pain
Historical aspects of pain
Pain definitions
A glossary of terms relevant to pain
Pain classification and description
Neuropathic pain
Refractory neuropathic pain
Classification of neuropathic pain according to levels
Cancer pain
Bone pain in cancer
Complex regional pain syndrome
Mechanisms of pain
Pain pathways
Pain organ of the skin
Role of nociceptors in pain transmission
Gate control and neuromatrix theories of pain
Pain mediators
Modulation of pain by pictures associated with social contacts
Modulation of pain by emotions
Role of the sympathetic nervous system in pain
Pathomechanism of inflammatory pain
Pathomechanism of visceral pain
Pathomechanism of neuropathic pain
Role of intact nerve fibers in neuropathic pain
Chemokines as mediators of neuropathic pain
Chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain
CNS innate immunity and neuropathic pain
Cytokines as mediators of neuropathic pain
Free radicals in generation of neuropathic pain
GABA deficiency in neuropathic pain
Genetic basis of neuropathic pain
Gene expression changes in neuropathic pain
Glial activation and neuropathic pain
Immune cell-derived opioids and neuropathic pain
Spinal leptin and neuropathic pain
Tetrahydrobiopterin regulates neuropathic pain sensitivity
Pathomechanism of migraine
Role of the immune system in pain
Pain and itch
Pathomechanism of itch
Clinical aspects of itch
Molecular pathophysiology of pain
Role of ion channels in pain
Acid-sensing ion channels
Calcium channels in pain
P2X3 ion channels
Potassium ion channels
Sodium ion channels in pain
TRP ion channels in pain
Genetic basis of pain
Alternative RNA splicing and pain
Study of genes in pain
Pain as a channelopathy
Pain in the brain
Effect of chronic pain on opioid receptors in the brain
Neuropathic pain-induced morphological changes in the brain
Change from acute to chronic pain
Acute versus chronic pain
Descending facilitatory modulation of pain
Development of chronic pain following severe accidental injury
Pain and transcriptional repressor DREAM
Role of neuronal plasticity in pain
Role of epigenetics in development of chronic pain
Concluding remarks on evolution of acute pain into chronic pain
Neurochemistry of pain
Molecular elements of pain in the peripheral nervous system
Molecular elements of pain in the central nervous system
Opioid receptors
Role of AMPA receptors in chronic pain
Substance P
Excitatory amino acids
Role of nitric oxide in pain
Protein kinase C
Adenosine and adenosine receptors
Vitamin D and pain
Vanilloid receptor
TRPA1 and TRPV1 receptors
Endothelin-B receptors
Nerve growth factor and pain
Adrenomedullin as a pain-related peptide
Biomarkers of pain
Biomarkers of visceral pain
2. Assessment of Pain and Analgesics
Animal models of pain
An overview
Selection of animal species as models for pain
Types of noxious stimuli
Animal models of neuropathic pain
Animal models of arthritis
Animal models of peripheral neuropathy
Limitations of current pain models
NeuroDigm GEL Model™ of neuropathic pain
Ethical issues concerning animal pain models
Medical evaluation of pain
Chronic pain as a manifestation of various diseases
Assessment of pain patients
Medical examination
Measurement of pain
Quality of pain intensity assessment in clinical research studies
Quantitative sensory testing
Pain measurement tools for neonates and children
Quantitative sensory testing
Microneurographic recordings
Psychological assessment of pain
Testing for in vivo pain processing
Brain imaging in pain
fMRI for study of pain
PET for study of pain
PET correlated with fMRI and evoked potentials
Patient outcomes and quality of life during treatment for chronic pain
Collection and analysis of data on pain patients
Evaluation of analgesics in humans
Early phase clinical trials of analgesics in humans
Design of clinical trials for pain
Assessment of neuropathic pain
Transdermal electrical stimulation for study of chronic pain
Placebo effect in pain
Role of electronic pain recording in determination of the placebo effect
Outcome measures for chronic pain trials
Pain, pain therapies and cognitive function
3. Pharmacotherapy of Pain
Sites of action of various pain therapies
Mechanism of action of currently used pain medications
Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs
COX-2 inhibitors
Side effects of COX inhibitors
Innovative COX-2 inhibitors in development
Antioxidants as analgesics
Opiates and opioids
Morphine vs methadone
Innovations in opioid therapy
Oral transmucosal fentanyl
Use of opioids for chronic non-cancer pain
Opioid receptor modulation for visceral pain
N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonists
Triptans for treatment of non-migrainous pain
Local anesthetics
Topical application
Nerve blocks
Injection of local anesthetics for analgesia
Ultrasound-guided nerve blocks
Topical salicylates for the treatment of pain
Topical rubefacients for acute and chronic pain in adults
Adjunctive analgesics
Mechanism of analgesic action of antidepressants
Antiepileptic drugs
Mechanism of action of antiepileptic drugs in neuropathic pain
Valproic acid
Other antiepileptic drugs
Botulinum toxins
Analgesic effect of botulinum toxin A
Engineered botulinum toxin
Analgesics from traditional medical systems
Herbs and other plants
Analgesics derived from cobra toxin
4. Management of Pain
Sites for pain management
Self-medication at home
Physicians' offices
Major hospitals
Pain centers
Non-pharmacological approaches to pain
Alternative medicine
Self-Controlled Energo Neuro Adaptive Regulation
Behavioral therapy
Cognition and pain
Control over brain activation and pain by using functional MRI
Mindfulness meditation for relief of chronic pain
Thermal-grill illusion
Virtual reality therapy
Local application of heat
Transcutaneous nerve stimulation
Non-invasive brain stimulation techniques for chronic pain
Transcranial magnetic stimulation
Cranial electrotherapy stimulation
Neurosurgery for pain relief
Ablative procedures on the nervous system
Procedures on peripheral, spinal and cranial nerves
Vagal nerve stimulation for control of pain
Spinal cord stimulation
Brain stimulation
Implantation of drug delivery devices
Management of special types of pain
Acute pain
Management of acute renal colic: NSAIDS vs. opioids
Combination of opioids and NSAIDs for acute pain
Reasons for inadequate management of acute pain
Perioperative pain management
Devices for delivery of analgesics in the postoperative period
Drug combination for perioperative pain
Gabapentin for reduction of postoperative pain
Ketamine for perioperative pain
Opioids for perioperative pain
Perioperative pain in neurosurgery
Prolonged duration local anesthesia
Concluding remarks on the management of postoperative pain
Pain in the intensive care unit
Pain associated with sports and exercise
Pain associated with trauma
Chronic pain and sleep
Chronic abdominal pain
Functional somatic syndromes
Fibromyalgia syndrome
Pathomechanism of FMS
Management of FMS
Non-pharmacological therapies for FMS
Pharmacotherapy of FMS
Concluding remarks on management of FMS
Irritable bowel syndrome
Opioids for IBS
Pregabalin for IBS
Tricyclic antidepressants for IBS
Serotonin-modulating drugs for IBS
Musculoskeletal pain
Myofascial pain syndrome
Non-pharmacological methods of treatment of MPS
Pharmacotherapy of MPS
Pain aggravates osteoarthritis by crosstalk between CNS and the joint
Management of osteoarthritis
Rheumatoid arthritis
Management of pain in rheumatoid arthritis
Disease modifying therapies in rheumatoid arthritis
Resurgence of interest in gold-based treatments for RA
Backache and sciatica
Lumbar disc disease and sciatica
Clinical trials of backache with sciatica
Management of back pain with analgesics
Miscellaneous medical therapies for backache and sciatica
Neck pain
Chronic pelvic pain
Cancer pain
Adjuvant drugs for cancer pain
Alternative non-pharmacological methods
Anesthetic techniques
Management of bone pain in cancer
Non-opioid analgesics for cancer pain
Opioid treatment of cancer pain
Opioid breakthrough pains
Opioid-induced enhancement of cancer growth and its prevention
Opioids delivery methods for cancer pain
Opioid administration through implanted drug delivery devices
Radiation therapy
Surgical methods of cancer pain relief
Conclusions regarding management of cancer pain
Chronic non-malignant pain
Cluster headache
Chronic daily headache
Indomethacin-responsive headache
Occipital neuralgia
Paroxysmal hemicrania
Post-traumatic headache
Tension headache
Management of acute migraine
Chronic migraine
Pediatric migraine
Status migrainosus
Migraine prophylaxis
Non-pharmacological approaches to migraine
Trigeminal neuralgia
Dental pain
Neuropathic pain
Pathogenesis of neuropathic pain
Chronobiology of neuropathic pain as guide to therapy
Management of neuropathic pain based on mechanism
Guidelines for the management of neuropathic pain
Pharmacotherapy of neuropathic pain
Evidence-based management of neuropathic pain
Management of central neuropathic pain
Neurosurgical approaches to central neuropathic pain
Management of neuropathic pain in syringomyelia
Neuropathic pain associated with spinal cord injury
Management of peripheral neuropathic pain
Truncal neuropathic pain
Management of postsurgical peripheral neuropathic pain
Management of chemotherapy-induced pain
Morton's neuroma
Management of peripheral diabetic neuropathy
Postherpetic neuralgia
Treatment of complex regional pain syndrome
An algorithm for the management of peripheral neuropathic pain
Phantom limb pain
Pathomechanism of phantom limb pain
Management of phantom limb pain
Painful neuromas following amputation
Pain and depression
Neurochemical link between pain and depression
Management of chronic pain and depression
Miscellaneous painful conditions
Burning mouth syndrome
Chronic unstable angina
Ophthalmic pain
Pain in Parkinson's disease
Pain in sickle cell disease
Management of chronic unexplained pain
Management of itching
Topical applications for itching
Systemic therapies for itching
Non-pharmacological therapies for itch
Management of pain in special population groups
Racial and ethnic differences in pain management
Pain in neonates
Management of pain in children
Misuse of codeine in children
Management of pain in the elderly
Management of pain in women
Reasons for increased pain perception in women
Chronic pelvic pain in women
Gender differences in response to analgesics
Considerations for pain management in women
Management of pain in neurologically handicapped persons
Management of pain in the cognitively impaired elderly people
Management of pain in brain-damaged minimally conscious patients
Management of pain in the terminally ill
Problems in the management of pain
Inadequate pain management
Problems with use of opioids
Excessive prescription of gabapentinoids
Problems with use of gabapentinoids
Patterns of analgesic consumption in France vs other European countries
Suggestions for improvement of pain management by healthcare providers
Management of neuropathic pain refractory to first line treatment
Multidisciplinary approaches to pain management
Pain as the fifth vital sign
Reassessment of management of chronic pain
5. Drug Delivery for Pain
Intra-articular injection for relief of joint pain
Delivery of analgesics to peripheral nerves
Controlled release drug delivery for pain
Accelerating the effect of subcutaneous morphine
Controlled drug delivery at site of pain
Oral extended release opioids
Extended release oral morphine
Controlled release oxycodone
Extended release oxymorphone
Oral extended release tramadol
Extended release gabapentin
Use of nanotechnology for drug delivery for pain
Non-injection methods of delivery of analgesics
Topical applications for pain
Topical local anesthetics
Topical NSAIDs
Topical and transdermal diclofenac
Topical application for postoperative pain
Needle-free drug delivery for pain
Glide SDI® solid dose injector
SUMAVEL™ DosePro™ needle-less injection
Transdermal drug delivery for pain
Relief of pain associated with minor medical procedures
Transdermal fentanyl
Transdermal ketoprofen
Transdermal nitroglycerine as an adjuvant to opioids
Transdermal buprenorphine
Transdermal trans-capsaicin
Powder Injection Systems
Intranasal delivery of analgesics
Intranasal morphine
Intranasal morphine derivatives
Intranasal fentanyl
Intranasal buprenorphine
Intranasal ketamine
Intranasal ketorolac
Nasal formulations for migraine
Oral spray formulations for migraine
Delivery of analgesics by inhalation
Buccal transmucosal and sublingual delivery of analgesics
Application for cancer pain
Application for non-cancer pain
Pumps for drug delivery in pain
Patient controlled analgesia
Postoperative pain pumps
Chronogesic (sufentanil) Pain Therapy System
Intrathecal delivery of analgesics
Anatomical & physiological aspects of intrathecal drug delivery
Pharmacokinetics of intrathecal drug delivery
Epidural drugs
Pharmacokinetics of analgesic drugs following epidural injection
Epidural glucocorticoids
Epidural etanercept
Epidural morphine
Intrathecal drugs
Intrathecal adenosine
Intrathecal baclofen
Intrathecal fadolmidine
Intrathecal lidocaine
Intrathecal magnesium sulfate
Intrathecal midazolam
Intrathecal opioids
Intrathecal neostigmine
Intrathecal octeoride
Intrathecal non-NMDA antagonists
Intrathecal prostaglandin antagonists
Intrathecal resiniferatoxin
Intrathecal ziconotide
Combinations of intrathecal agents for relief of pain
Pumps for intrathecal delivery of analgesics
Complications of intrathecal delivery of analgesics
Concluding remarks on intrathecal delivery of analgesic agents
Intracerebroventricular morphine for pain
Development of drug delivery systems for pain therapy
Delivery of analgesics to the CNS across the blood brain barrier
Drug delivery systems in clinical trials
6. Drug Development for Pain
Current research goals
An ideal analgesic
Challenges and prospects of pain therapeutic development
Priorities in pain research strategy in the US
Pain R & D goals in the pharmaceutical industry
Non-pharmacological therapies for pain
Drugs in development for pain
Drug targets in the spinal cord
Drug targets in the brain
Molecular targets for analgesic drugs
Activation of P2X7 receptors
Alfa2-adrenergic receptor agonists
Angiotensin II type 2 receptor
Anti-NGF strategies
Role of NGF in pain
Biological approaches to targeting the NGF pathway
Bradykinin antagonists
Cannabinoid receptor agonists
Capsaicin and VR1 receptor-based analgesics
Vanilloid (capsaicin) receptor antagonists
VR1 receptor agonists
CCR2 receptor blockade
Cholecystokinin antagonists
Cholinergic receptor agonists
Conotoxins as analgesics
Corticotropin-releasing factor
FAAH inhibitors
FKBP51 as a target for treatment of chronic pain
Free radical scavengers as analgesics
Superoxide dismutase mimetics
GABA analogs
Subtype-selective GABAergic drugs
Glutamate receptor antagonists
NMDA receptor modulation for neuropathic pain
Alternatives to direct blocking of NMDA receptors
Glycine antagonists
Metabotropic glutamate receptors
Histogranin-like compounds for the management of pain
Ion channels as targets for analgesic drugs
Acid-sensing ion channels as drug target
Calcium channel blockers
HCN1 channels as targets for propofol analogs for neuropathic pain
P2X ion channel receptor antagonists
Sodium channel modulation
Mas-related GPCR agonists
Microsomal prostaglandin E synthase inhibitors
NAALADase inhibitors
Neuropeptide receptor antagonists for improving the efficacy of opioids
Neurotrophic factor-based pain therapeutics
Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor
Nerve growth factor antagonists
Newer COX inhibitors
COX-3 inhibitors
Dual cyclooxygenase/lipoxygenase inhibitors
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors
Mode of action of nACh/neural nicotinic receptor agonists
Potential of central nACh/neural nicotinic receptor agonists
Nitric oxide-based analgesics
Nitric oxide-releasing NSAIDs
Pharmacology of NO-SAIDs
COX-inhibiting nitric oxide donors
NO-donating structures to extend life cycle of existing analgesics
Nitric oxide mimetics
Neuronal nitric oxide synthase inhibitors
Norepinephrine transporter inhibition
Opioid peptide receptors ligands
Opioid analgesics acting centrally
Opioids with unique receptor characteristics
Opioid analgesics acting outside the CNS
Opioid analgesics acting at peripheral receptors
Peripherally acting mu-opioid receptor agonists
Targeting of opioid peptide-containing immune cells
Advantages of peripherally selective opioid drugs
Somatostatin analogs
Substance P and neurokinin receptor antagonists
Substance P-Saporin
Targeting prostanoid synthesis
Tetrodotoxin based analgesics
TRPV1 modulators
TRPV1 antagonists
TRPV1 agonists
TRPV1-mediated entry of sodium channel blocker QX-314
TRPV1 receptors regulate longevity
Tumor necrosis factor- antagonists
Biological therapies for pain
Cell therapy for pain
Cells for delivery of antinociceptive molecules
Cell therapy for low back pain
Cell therapy for knee pain due to degenerative disorders
Cell therapy for peripheral neuropathic pain
Cell transplantation for relief of pain
Transplantation of chromaffin cells
Transplantation of stem cells
Transplantation of astrocytes secreting enkephalin
Transplantation of cells for relief of neuropathic pain
Concluding remarks on cell therapy for pain
Gene therapy for pain
Rationale of gene therapy for pain
Gene therapy of peripheral neuropathy
Gene therapy targeted to neuroimmune component of chronic pain
Methods of gene delivery for pain
Vectors for gene therapy of pain
Vectors for endogenous analgesic production in cranial neuralgias
Methods of gene delivery for pain
Gene delivery by intrathecal route
Gene transfer to the dorsal nerve roots
Gene transfer by injections into the brain substance
Antisense therapy for pain
RNAi-based approaches for pain therapy
Potential applications of gene therapy for management of pain
Gene therapy for producing enkephalin to block pain signals
Gene therapy for upregulation of BMP in backache
Gene therapy for targeting nuclear factor-B
Gene therapy for neuropathic pain
Zinc finger DNA-binding protein therapeutic for chronic pain
Concluding remarks about gene therapy for pain
Preclinical development of pain drugs
NGF-blocking antibody
Prostatic acid phosphatase as a novel analgesic
Preclinical development of drugs for neuropathic pain
5-HT receptor agonists
α9α10 antagonists
Central nACh receptor agonists
Drugs that suppress glial activation
NO donating GABA-agonist drugs
Targeting tumor necrosis factor
Future targets for osteoarthritic pain
Pain drugs in clinical trials
Clinical trials of miscellaneous drugs for pain
Drugs in clinical trials for postsurgical pain
Cox-2 inhibitors in clinical trials
Clinical trials of disease modifying therapies for arthritis
Drugs in clinical development for neuropathic pain
Adenosine A1 agonists for neuropathic pain
Ajulemic acid
AVP-923 (dextromethorphan + quinidine)
Botulinum toxin type A
D-amino acid oxidase inhibitors
V3381 (indantadol)
Drug discovery and development for migraine
Drugs in clinical development for treatment of migraine
Clinical development of preventive therapies for migraine
Monoclonal antibodies targeting CGRP for migraine prophylaxis
Drug development for visceral pain
7. Safety, Regulatory and Legal issues of pain management
Safety issues of analgesics
Adverse effects of analgesics
Cardiovascular adverse effects of COX-2 inhibitors
Gastrointestinal adverse effects of NSAIDs
Measures to reduce gastrointestinal adverse effects of NSAIDs
Adverse effects of opioids
Addiction and development of tolerance
Alternatives to opioids
Buprenorphine as substitute for morphine addiction
Chronic pain and opioid addiction
Abuse-deterrant opioid products
Problems and limitations of abuse-deterrant opioids
Complications of opioid abuse in the elderly
Hyperalgesia associated with opioids
Narcotic bowel syndrome
Opioid use disorder
Opioid withdrawal
Opioid-associated constipation
Respiratory depression
Guideline for use of opioids
Opioid regulations
Role of opioid prescribing patterns of physicians
Use of opioids for chronic noncancer pain
Adverse effects of use of opioids in noncancer pain
Pharmacogenetics of adverse effects of codeine
PEGylated naloxol
Innovative approaches to modify opioid pharmacology
Adverse effects of miscellaneous non-narcotic analgesics
Adverse effects of immunosuppressants used for relief of pain
Adverse effects of acetaminophen
Hyponatremia as an adverse effect of tramadol
Regulatory issues
DEA and use of opioids for pain relief in terminal care
FDA and COX-2 inhibitors
Legal issues of COX-2 inhibitors
Regulatory aspects of opioid safety and abuse
Opioid misuse and regulatory agencies
FDA measures for safety of opioid use
Misuse of fentanyl
Regulation of extended release and long-acting opioids
Pain relief as a legal right
Pain relief and the WHO
8. Pain Markets
Epidemiological basis of pain markets
Neuropathic pain
Trigeminal neuralgia
Multiple sclerosis
Irritable bowel syndrome
Chronic pelvic pain
Chronic pain due to traumatic brain injury
Postsurgical pain
Economics of pain
Pain as a driver of healthcare costs
Disability and financial loss through pain in the US
Targeted delivery of analgesics for cancer pain
Pain markets based on painful conditions
The cancer pain market
The arthritis pain market
Postsurgical pain market
The backache market
The headache market
Neuropathic pain market
Fibromyalgia market
Pain markets based on drugs
Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs
Transdermal pain therapeutics
Antiepileptic drugs as analgesics
Other drugs
Hospital vs retail share of pain market
Hospital versus retail opioid market
Devices for pain
Pain markets according to geographical areas
Cost effectiveness of various approaches
Unfulfilled R&D needs in pain therapy
Under treatment of pain
Unfulfilled needs in drug development for chronic pain
Strategies for developing pain markets
Finding alternatives to intrathecal administration for chronic pain
Development of other applications of analgesic drugs
Partnership of patients, pharmacists and companies
Factors that may influence future pain markets
Drivers of pain markets
Public surveys as indicators of impact of pain on people
Effect of regulatory reviews on markets for pain products
Novel versus older therapies for pain
9. Future of Pain Therapeutics
Advances in the understanding of pain
Pathogenesis of chronic pain
Role of glia in neuropathic pain
Molecular and neurobiological techniques
Improved understanding of cancer pain
Advances in drug discovery and development for pain
Novel targets for drug discovery for pain
PTH2 receptor
Modulators of endogenous cannabinoids
Application of new technologies to pain therapeutics
Application of nanobiotechnology to pain therapeutics
Technologies for the manufacture of analgesics
Future trends and needs in pain management
Pain management in future healthcare systems
Systems biology approach to pain
Personalized management of pain
Genetic factors in response to pain
Genetic mutations with loss of pain
Genetic mutations and painful conditions
Mechanism-specific management of pain
Gene expression biomarkers for personalizing pain management
Pharmacogenomics and pharmacogenetics of pain
Personalized management of pain with commonly used analgesics
Personalized opioid therapy for noncancer pain
Pharmacogenomics and pharmacogenetics of opioids
Pharmacogenetics of COMT gene and pain
Pharmacogenetics of NSAIDs and pain
Preoperative testing to tailor postoperative analgesic requirements
Prediction of response to an analgesic by in vitro iPSC based testing
Role of conditioned pain modulation in personalized management of pain
Signature of pain on brain imaging
Future of personalized pain management
Strategies for improving pain management
Research on pain in Europe
Concluding remarks on future of pain management
10. Companies Involved in Pain Therapeutics
Profiles of companies
11. References
Table 1-1: Landmarks in the history of pain therapeutics
Table 1-2: Classification of pain
Table 1-3: Classification of neuropathic pain
Table 1-4: Classification of chronic cancer pain according to cause
Table 1-5: Percentage of patients with pain according to the type of cancer
Table 1-6: Key molecular elements of pain in the peripheral nervous system
Table 1-7: Key molecular elements of pain in the central nervous system
Table 2-1: IASP guidelines for the use of animals in pain studies
Table 2-2: Chronic pain as a manifestation of other diseases
Table 2-3: Recommendations for assessing patient satisfaction with pain management
Table 3-1: Classification of some currently used pain medications according to mechanism
Table 3-2: Drugs used for the treatment of pain
Table 3-3: Selective COX-2 inhibitors in clinical use for pain
Table 3-4: Antiepileptic drugs with analgesic effect
Table 4-1: Non-pharmacological approaches to management of pain
Table 4-2: Companies involved in neuromodulation therapy for pain
Table 4-3: Reasons for the inadequate management of acute pain
Table 4-4:Monoclonal antibodies as disease modifying therapies in rheumatoid arthritis
Table 4-5: Causes of chronic backache
Table 4-6: Management of chronic pelvic pain
Table 4-7: Management of pain in cancer
Table 4-8: Definitions of tolerance, physiological dependence, withdrawal and addiction
Table 4-9: A simplified classification of headache
Table 4-10: Various methods for the management of acute migraine
Table 4-11: Prophylaxis and management of chronic migraine
Table 4-12: Evidence-based level of choice of drugs for prophylaxis of migraine
Table 4-13: Management of neuropathic pain based on mechanism and diagnosis
Table 4-14: Management of central neuropathic pain
Table 4-15: Current management of peripheral diabetic neuropathy
Table 4-16: Treatment strategies for postherpetic neuralgia
Table 4-17: Management of complex regional pain syndrome
Table 4-18: Methods of treating phantom limb pain
Table 4-19: Treatment of chronic unexplained pain due to central sensitization
Table 4-20: Anti-itching therapies
Table 4-21: Suggested improvements in the management of pain
Table 5-1: A classification of drug delivery methods used in management of pain
Table 5-2: Selected marketed non-injection drug delivery systems for pain
Table 5-3: Approved drugs for spinal administration for pain
Table 5-4: Off-label intrathecal use of drugs for for pain
Table 5-5: Experimental studies of intrathecal administration of drugs for analgesia
Table 5-6: Intrathecal drugs for pain in clinical trials
Table 5-7: Comparison of pharmacokinetics of lipophilic with hydrophilic opioids
Table 5-8: Delivery systems for pain (other than intrathecal) in clinical development
Table 6-1: Classification of drugs in development for pain
Table 6-2: Preclinical studies on cannabinoid (CB2) receptor agonists as analgesics
Table 6-3: Cannabinoid receptor agonists in clinical development as analgesics
Table 6-4: NO-related therapies for pain
Table 6-5: Major opioids receptors and their ligands
Table 6-6: Strategies to counteract pain at various levels at periphery and in the CNS
Table 6-7: Types of TRPV1 antagonists
Table 6-8: TRPV1 antagonists in clinical trials
Table 6-9: Biological therapies for pain
Table 6-10: Experimental gene therapy approaches for relief of pain
Table 6-11: Selected preclinical approaches to pain therapy
Table 6-12: Selected preclinical drugs for neuropathic pain
Table 6-13: Selected clinical trials of miscellaneous drugs for pain
Table 6-14: Selected clinical trials of drugs for postsurgical pain
Table 6-15: COX-2 inhibitors in clinical development
Table 6-16: Disease modifying drugs for arthritis in clinical trials
Table 6-17: Clinical trials of drugs for neuropathic pain
Table 6-18: Selected drugs in clinical development for migraine
Table 6-19: CGRP receptor antagonists in clinical development for acute migraine
Table 6-20: Clinical trials of anti-CGRP monoclonal antibodies for migraine prevention
Table 6-21: Therapeutic targets for treating visceral pain
Table 7-1: Abuse-deterrant opioid products
Table 7-2: Diagnostic criteria for an opioid-use disorder
Table 8-1: Market values for various painful conditions 2018-2028
Table 8-2: Changes in market shares of drugs for neuropathic pain 2018-2028
Table 8-3: Markets for pain according to therapies 2018-2028
Table 8-4: Distribution of value of pain therapeutics in major markets 2018-2028
Table 8-5: Distribution of value of opioids in major pain markets 2018-2028
Table 8-6: Distribution of value of NSAIDs in major pain markets 2018-2028
Table 8-7: Strategies for developing pain markets
Table 9-1: P450 isoforms in the metabolism of drugs used in the management of pain
Table 10-1: Top companies in pain therapeutics
Table 10-2: Product pipeline of Adolor Corporation
Table 10-3: Selected collaborations in the area of pain management
Figure 1-1: Afferent pain pathways
Figure 1-2: Pain organ of the skin
Figure 1-3: Evolution of the gate control theory
Figure 1-4: The body self-neurometric
Figure 1-5: Various ligands and receptors on the peripheral terminals of nociceptive nerve fibers
Figure 1-6: Prostaglandin biosynthesis pathway
Figure 2-1: Biopsychosocial factors that interact and modulate the experience of pain
Figure 2-2: Pain intensity scales
Figure 3-1: Sites of action of various methods of pain management
Figure 3-2: Pathway of metabolism of codein
Figure 4-1: The WHO step ladder for pain
Figure 4-2: An algorithm for the acute management of migraine
Figure 4-3: Neuroimmune activation events leading to sensitization of CNS
Figure 4-4: An algorithm for the management of peripheral neuropathic pain
Figure 4-5: Algorithm for management of patients with chronic pain and depression
Figure 5-1: Powder Injection Systems
Figure 5-2: Penetration of CSF into spinal cord
Figure 5-3: Disposition of opioids after intrathecal administration
Figure 6-1: Attributes of the ideal analgesic
Figure 6-2: Role of NGF in pain
Figure 6-3: Nerve targeting drug delivery system for gene therapy of pain
Figure 8-1: Unfulfilled needs in the treatment for chronic pain
Figure 9-1: Impact of new technologies on pain therapeutics
Figure 9-2: Essential components of personalized management of pain
Figure 9-3: Personalized opioid therapy for noncancer pain
Figure 9-4: Genetic and non-genetic factors affecting efficacy and side effects of opioids


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Yes, it is on nitrous as well but Denver is at elevation so no doubt the idea is to compensate for that elevation.
In the first run the McLaren takes on a 1200+ awhp Nissan GT-R. The McLaren makes surprisingly easy work of the GT-R.
A whipple supercharged and built motor V3 CTS-V around 1200 horsepower is next. It's a strong CTS-V that gets the lead but the McLaren quickly takes over. Hell of a CTS-V though!
The supercharged C6 Z06 that tries the McLaren is just in over its head.
How about a blown Coyote? Now this is a run! It opens up a gap and maintains it until shutting down. This is a serious Mustang. To be fair, the McLaren was running low on nitrous but that is why you don't rely on nitrous.
The CTS-V tries a twin turbo S550 Coyote. A nasty Mustang indeed.
Now the supercharged C6 Z06 gets back in the mix against the CTS-V and the Z06 impresses. Maybe something was off during the McLaren run?
There are a ton more runs between some very impressive cars. Simply enjoy.


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If there is one thing the Bible is clear about it is this. One day, God is going to put an end to all the evil and suffering that goes on in our world. One day, He will judge this wicked and rebellious planet and make all things new. He did it once with a worldwide flood and He's going to do it again with a worldwide fire. Thus, you would think people would conclude, "Hey man, I better get right with God so I don't suffer the Judgment of God." Yet the Bible records the sad news of how the people in the last days would actually choose to be scoffers instead of taking God up on His offer to be rescued before it's too late. Therefore, this series A Judged Creation, seeks to encourage these scoffing people to become smarter people by looking at the scientific and geological evidences of God's first judgment, the Flood of Noah. Here you will discover such evidences as a Global Catastrophe, a Great Fossilization, a God-inspired Deluge, a Grand Uprising, a Galloping Runoff, a Gargantuan Boat, a Glorious Civilization, and Giant Life Forms. People, God really did judge this world once, and He's going to do it again. Time is running out and the rain is going to be here before you know it. Please, don't be like the scoffers of Noah's day. Discover the evidences of A Judged Creation and enter the ark of Jesus Christ before it's too late!
6 DVDs
1. A Global Catastrophe - 39 min.
2. A Great Fossilization - 38 min.
3. A God Inspired Deluge - 37 min.
4. A Grand Uprising - 38 min.
5. A Galloping Runuff - 43 min.
6. A Gargantuan Boat: Part 1 - 40 min.
6 DVD Set ($29.95)
Volume 1 & 2 together ($49.95)


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This week we'll be spotlighting quilts that are the result of our quilters' participation in virtual quilting bees. Traditional quilting bees, where quilters come together to piece or quilt a quilt, many times for a special occasion, are a long standing tradition in the quilting community.
Modern quilters have refashioned this tradition by coming together virtually and connecting through the internet and the postal service. Virtual quilting bees have brought quilters together across states and nations. Quilters have inspired each other, shared tips, learned skills, made quilts and best of all, forged friendships.
Some bees have themes, some are focused on charity, and many are simply a group of quilters who have a desire to connect and quilt together.
A virtual quilting bee is an opportunity to mix an inspiration with a group of diverse quilters…
to create a collaborative quilt like this one.
If you're inspired to start a bee of your own, the Quilting Bee Blocks group on Flickr has information on how to get started.
We're kicking off the week with a special man who is the "dad" of collaboration in the modern quilting community.


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West Penn Hospital
Featuring 317 private patient beds, West Penn Hospital has served Bloomfield and its surrounding communities since 1848. With an outstanding reputation for clinical care, excellence in nursing and exemplary patient outcomes, West Penn Hospital offers specialized services that draw patients throughout the tri-state area.
Over the years, West Penn has earned regional and national recognition for excellence in bariatric surgery, bone marrow and cell transplantation, burn care, cardiac care, nursing, women's and infant's care, and more.
As the first hospital in Pittsburgh - and in western Pennsylvania - to achieve Magnet Recognition (2006) and the first to achieve Magnet redesignation (2012) from the American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC), West Penn Hospital is very proud to be among the 6% of the more than 6,000 hospitals in the U.S. that have achieved this prestigious recognition for excellence in nursing services.


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Platform Category:
Earth Observation Satellites
Platform Series/Entity:
Synonymous Platform Names:
Orbit Type
: LEO > Low Earth Orbit > Polar Sun-Synchronous
Related Data Sets
View all 6 records related to this platform
Landsat 1, 2 and 3 operated in a circular, Sun-synchronous, near-polar orbit at
an altitude of approximately 913 km (567 miles), with a nominal 9:30 a.m.
crossing of the Equator during the descending
mode. They circled the Earth
every 103 minutes, completing 14 orbits per day and viewing the entire Earth
every 18 days. The Landsat orbits are selected and trimmed so that each
satellite ground trace repeats its Earth coverage at the same local time every
day. Repetitive image centers are maintained to within 37 km (23 miles). The
orbits of Landsat 4 and 5 are repetitive, circular, Sun-synchronous, and
near-polar at a nominal altitude of 705 km (438 miles) at the Equator. The
satellites cross the Equator from north-to-south on a descending orbital node
at approximately 9:45 a.m. on each pass. Each orbit takes nearly 99 minutes,
and the spacecrafts complete just over 14 orbits each per day, covering the
entire Earth (poles excepted) every 16 days. During processing, data obtained
is framed into individual scenes of the Earth's surface. The ground
instantaneous field of view (IFOV) of the Landsat 1-3 MSS is 79m x 79m pixel
(resolution elements); the Landsat 4 and 5 MSS IFOV is 82m x 82m pixel. MSS
line scanning devices continually scan the Earth in a nominal 185 km swath
perpendicular to the Landsat orbital track. The coverage patterns result in
14-percent image sidelap at the Equator for Landsat 1-3 data; Landsat 4 and 5
image side lap at the Equator is 7.3-percent. Image sidelap percentages
increase proportionally as the latitude increases.
Taken from the NSSDC System for Information Retrieval and Storage (SIRS). For
more information contact the NSSDC Coordinated Request and User Support Office,
301-286-6695 (NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Code 933.4, Greenbelt, Maryland
See Also:
U.S. Geological Survey, 1979, Landsat Data Users Handbook, (Revised): U.S.
Geological Survey, p. 1-1 to AH-1.
U.S. Geological Survey and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration,
1984, Landsat 4 Data Users Handbook: U.S. Geological Survey, p. 1-1 to 5-1.
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 1986, Landsat Data Users
Notes, Number 35, 20p.
Online Resource:
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Replies to This Discussion
I think it depends on a player as world's greatest two, Sampras and Federer, both have one handed backhand.
I think the fact that Justine Henin, Roger Federer, Pete Sampras and Novak Djokovic (who can go either way depending upon whether he wants slice or topspin) would take issue with that. To categorically state that one is definitively better than the other is like saying Eric Clapton is a better guitarist than Jimmy Page. They both have different styles and you cannot say that one is better than the other anymore than you can say apples are better than oranges. I DON'T see any valid reason to say one backhand is better than the other because it's a pointless arguement. Two-handed is better for Nadal and not Federer, better for Clijsters not Henin. What difference does it make? Personally, I'm a one-handed guy, and while I'll never be a Federer or Nadal (or a Santoro or Rochus for that matter) I've tried hitting a two-hander and it's just not me. My daughter on the other hand cannot hit a one hander to save her life - she also sometimes hits her forehands two-handed (which would make Fabrice Santoro happy wherever he is). So I will have to respectfully disagree with your premise.
I have to say I disagree alot with what is characterized in the one hander. I do not have to take more time to prepare if I use the Laver style backhand with the more open stance. I also use this fire away at balls on the run and on the rise.
If I am using the Kuerten style backhand with a more closed styled stance, I have much more control of the spin of the ball than a two hander.
When I am returning, I use a Gasquet high takeback, I can hit the high backhand return harder than many two handed players. I can hit open stance backhands using the Edberg fall away method as well. Edberg definitely could drive the ball extremely hard.
There are certain techniques, and it doesn't take much time to prepare the shot. Also, there is alot of versatility in the one hander in terms of style and effectiveness, not lacking in power, control or reach. The only thing the two hander has is greater stability.
Note: The ball does not have to be to the left of the front foot. It can be more in front of the right hip with a shorter takeback. The shoulders do not have to be exactly perpendicular to the ball, and if it is, it is only for a split second with a quick coil. The one hander can open nearly as much as the two hander, depending on how big the coil is.
The elbow does NOT have to be close to the body, especially at the point of contact. In the Kuerten and Gasquet backhand, the elbow is pointed to the side fence. Their extension of their arm is much further than most two handed backhands.
One handers can be hit off the back foot very effectively as well. Watch Gasquet or Kuerten or even Edberg's open stance. Lastly, because of a good coil and heel to toe weight rocking, you do not have to have strong muscles at all. You need flexibility, spring, sense of balance, timing.
Damir Popadic said:
One handed bachand:
1. less stable racket at the moment of impact
2. needs more time to prepare
3. less controlled backswing
4. full backswing is almost a must
5. the point of contact has to be ahead and to the left of front foot (otherwise you are in trouble)
6. upper body must be more than perpendicular to the oncoming ball
7. necessary very strong shulder,arm,and wrist(more injuries)
8. after finish your body is still mostly sideways
9. the most power is generated by stepping into the ball
10.lineal (close) stance is almost a must (less balanced)
(all the others reflect seriously on the efficiency of shot)
11.ellbow must be close to the body otherwise the shot is ineffective (narrow striking zone)
Two handed backhand:
1. more stable racket at the moment of impact
2. quicker preparation
3. controlled backswing
4. with variety of backswings is possible to produce quality shot
5. the point of contact is in the line with the body and bit to the left (.if you are late the other hand can help you)
6. upper body must coil but not as much as on one handed backhand
7. because of the two hands impact is more evenly distributed so it is not necessary so strong shoulders,arms, and wrists(less injuries)
8. after finish you body faces the net and you can easily move sideways
9.. power is generated by rotating your shoulders around your head and stepping into the ball
10.all stances are possible (more balanced)
11.because of the help of the other hand ellbow can be in various position in relationship to the body for the shot to still be effective (larger striking zone)
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Irene Rallis
Licensed Associate Real Estate Broker
No agent
You no longer need to shop multiple websites to access all listings.
Elliman.com is the only destination that has everything you need in one
place. And, you don't need to register to view Douglas Elliman's exclusive
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registration is required by state regulations.
Create and Save personalized searches and favorite homes so you can go
back to review them and share them with your friends and family.
Receive email notifications of new homes that meet your criteria as well
as price changes on listings that you saved and previewed.
Be the first to experience future feature upgrades to make
finding a home an easy and seamless experience.


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What Are Rich Snippets?
It can be difficult to set yourself apart from the rest of the world when it comes to your search engine ranking. Incorporating rich snippet code into your website gives your search results a unique look, and shows the relative content from your site right in the search results. This can increase click-thru rates dramatically.
Rich Snippets are small previews of relevant information on your website that display in the search results when someone does a search. Rich snippets tell the search engines more about your website and what content you have on your pages. When the search engines return a list of relevant results, your rich snippet information will appear and give them a preview of what they can expect to see on your site.
Here are a few examples of rich snippets and what they display:
- Authorship — Displays the author's name, picture, and a link to more articles written by them.
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Adding rich snippet code to your website increases traffic and lowers bounce rates because visitors already know what to expect when they reach your website. It's a great way to set yourself apart on the search results and increase traffic to your website.
For more information, see Adding rich snippets code to your website.


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- Mission
As stated by the governing compact, PSMFC's purpose shall be "to promote the better utilization of fisheries – marine, shell, and anadromous, which are of mutual concern, and to develop a joint program of protection and prevention of physical waste of such fisheries in all of those areas of the Pacific Ocean over which the compacting states jointly or separately now have or may hereafter acquire jurisdiction."
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- Programs
PSMFC supports fisheries conservation, development, management, and legislation. To accomplish this, we maintain several programs that focus on scientific, inventory and economic research and data collections, consolidation and distribution. These programs primarily provide information for those with scientific or economic interests in the field, but also aim to provide educational materials for the general public related to their areas of focus.
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- Careers
How can you help promote the better utilization of fisheries on the West coast? Join our team of dedicated professionals. Visit our Career Center to explore the opportunities, create a profile, apply for jobs, and design a job agent to receive notifications when new positions that meet your interests and expertise are posted.
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7 Types of Prada Purses
This purses and handbags that women essentially love are available in several colours, styles, models and looks. They often times result from supplies such as abs, pad, canine complexion along with leather-based first and foremost they come in different kinds.
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The particular Prada Clutch i465 is really a compact, however prolonged block, christian louboutin outlet usa evening hours case without having a take care of. In many cases, grip come in different types together with substances. Elite gals really like grabs simply because they totally whole apparel with regard to evening gatherings.
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Any Chuck travelling bag would be the style using a very long strap. It sometimes seems as if some sort of Messenger travelling bag yet it is in reality small. It is in essence utilized more than one neck having a secure of which wind gusts throughout the chest with all the handbag choosing the bottom to come back. A bit of time previously, sling hand bags started to be quite popular throughout adolescents plus over 16.


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We are going to start writing reviews on Stars here at Reviewboard Magazine. Not the stars up in space, we're talking about Motion Picture, Musicians, Theater, Dance, Radio, Internet, Public Figures and Misc (15 Minutes of Fame stars, Celebutante, etc..). How are we going to review people? Actually we've spent a lot of time thinking about that and we've come up with a nice little system to judge it all. The end product will be THREE Rankings.
The first ranking is their Professional Critique. It will sum up their ability as a STAR/Public Figure. It will tell us how well they do their job. We have 5 scoring categories that will be applied to their profile with the lowest score of ZERO and the highest score of 100.
The second ranking will be their private life. Now I know this is a subjective thing, and a bit of a touchy subject with some. However, people want to know who these folks are and what they are about. This ranking is going to be harder to come up with and take some time. It will be tweaked as time passes, so it will reflect real world actions to raise and lower it based on their behavior.
The rankings for that are from ZERO (Total Train Wreck) to TEN (Has their stuff together).
The last score is based on a mathmatical formula generated from the first two scores. This third score is their Star Quality score. The formula we are not releasing to anyone, it is a trade secret, however… the higher the number the better the Star.
At the end of the day it is all about opinion isn't it? But what we will offer is a scoring system that we think bests reflects a famous person's star quality as a performer, or a public figure. We will be starting tomorrow so keep an eye out, some of these people will have interviews attached to their profiles. Things should be pretty interesting around here!


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This happened during a match between Al-Nahda and Al-Salam Zgharta of the Lebanese second division soccer league. It is very weird. It begins with the referee issuing a yellow and a red card to Al-Nahda's Youssef Omar, who then decides to attack the referee and chase him across the pitch. And then more people start chasing him, and the poor referee spends the next two minutes running away from a growing horde of assailants. There are also guys with guns, who don't seem to be interested in doing much.
Much respect to the referee, though, who embarrasses his attackers by repeatedly outrunning them. We can only assume that shame is what causes Omar to collapse in agony at the 1:52 mark.


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Hello every body,
I have an image outline of lips (please find attached picture) that shows the projection on xy plane when aligned. Now from that projected image is it possible to get the straight look as shown in the bottom of figure? What information do I need to get the straight image at bottom from the aligned image at top.
Please provide me some suggestions.
Thanks in advance.


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Seeking a Pulmonologist/Critical Care in Northern Louisiana College Town!
Northern Louisiana Medical Center, a 171 bed hospital, is assisting in recruitment of a BC/BE Pulmonary/Critical Care physician to provide coverage for referrals from 5 parishes.
Ruston, LA is located in Northern Louisiana, right on I-20, just 30 minutes from Monroe and an hour to Shreveport and has a population well over 45,000 people in Lincoln Parish.
Competitive Recruitment Packa ge May Include:
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Doctor recommended in 20 States and 127 Hospitals
Community Health Systems
Approximately 27,000 physicians- employed and independent- serve on the medical staffs of the 127 CHS- affiliated hospitals in 20 states. The hospitals deliver a wide range of health services and functions as vitally important members of their local communities.
In 2013, The Joint Commission named 93 of them as Top Performers on Key Quality measures. An Array of national quality recognitions and honors includes accredited chest pain centers, accredited stroke centers, and Centers of Excellence for bariatric services.
Our affiliated hospitals have the flexibility to meet individual needs and the ability to offer competitive recruitment packages and start-up incentives. Hundreds of physicians choose CHS- affiliated hospitals each year- for quality of care and quality of life.
About Our Communities
Wherever you see yourself and your new practice, chances are a CHS- affiliated hospital is nearby. Most are located in quiet, easy-paced communities not far from a large metropolitan center, national parks, beautiful beaches or mountain ranges. While we're literally "all over the map", we're focused on helping you find a place to build a successful practice.
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text: BPL subscribes to dozens of online databases. These databases contain information from trusted sources, including encyclopedias, newspaper and journal articles, research and reference works, and books. Search all of BPL's electronic journal subscriptions by title and date range. Looking for reputable resources on specific topics? Browse our topical resource lists, curated by our librarians. If you cannot access one of the Library's databases please report the problem. Want to filter resources by using more than one category? Select them one at a time from the drop-downs. They will appear beneath the search bar for reference. Filter by: remotely with a library card everywhere only at Central only at Central with staff assistance only at the library remotely in NYS via the NYS Online Virtual Library remotely with a library cardeverywhereonly at Centralonly at Central with staff assistanceonly at the libraryremotely in NYS via the NYS Online Virtual Library Jump To - Any - A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z - Any -ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ Children Teens Adults ChildrenTeensAdults African-American and Caribbean Art and Art History Biography Brooklyn Interest Business and Career Dictionaries eBooks Education Electronic Periodicals Electronic Periodicals - International Encyclopedias Encyclopedias - International Genealogy Government and Law Health and Wellness History and Geography Kids Literature Music Newspapers Online Learning Recursos en Español Religion/Philosophy Science Social Science Teen African-American and CaribbeanArt and Art HistoryBiographyBrooklyn InterestBusiness and CareerDictionarieseBooksEducationElectronic PeriodicalsElectronic Periodicals - InternationalEncyclopediasEncyclopedias - InternationalGenealogyGovernment and LawHealth and WellnessHistory and GeographyKidsLiteratureMusicNewspapersOnline LearningRecursos en EspañolReligion/PhilosophyScienceSocial ScienceTeen


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You have a secret that can ruin your life.
It's not a well-kept secret, either. Just a simple string of characters—maybe six of them if you're careless, 16 if you're cautious—that can reveal everything about you.
Your email. Your bank account. Your address and credit card number. Photos of your kids or, worse, of yourself, naked. The precise location where you're sitting right now as you read these words. Since the dawn of the information age, we've bought into the idea that a password, so long as it's elaborate enough, is an adequate means of protecting all this precious data. But in 2012 that's a fallacy, a fantasy, an outdated sales pitch. And anyone who still mouths it is a sucker—or someone who takes you for one.
No matter how complex, no matter how unique, your passwords can no longer protect you.
Look around. Leaks and dumps—hackers breaking into computer systems and releasing lists of usernames and passwords on the open web—are now regular occurrences. The way we daisy-chain accounts, with our email address doubling as a universal username, creates a single point of failure that can be exploited with devastating results. Thanks to an explosion of personal information being stored in the cloud, tricking customer service agents into resetting passwords has never been easier. All a hacker has to do is use personal information that's publicly available on one service to gain entry into another.
This summer, hackers destroyed my entire digital life in the span of an hour. My Apple, Twitter, and Gmail passwords were all robust—seven, 10, and 19 characters, respectively, all alphanumeric, some with symbols thrown in as well—but the three accounts were linked, so once the hackers had conned their way into one, they had them all. They really just wanted my Twitter handle: @mat. As a three-letter username, it's considered prestigious. And to delay me from getting it back, they used my Apple account to wipe every one of my devices, my iPhone and iPad and MacBook, deleting all my messages and documents and every picture I'd ever taken of my 18-month-old daughter.
Since that awful day, I've devoted myself to researching the world of online security. And what I have found is utterly terrifying. Our digital lives are simply too easy to crack. Imagine that I want to get into your email. Let's say you're on AOL. All I need to do is go to the website and supply your name plus maybe the city you were born in, info that's easy to find in the age of Google. With that, AOL gives me a password reset, and I can log in as you.
First thing I do? Search for the word "bank" to figure out where you do your online banking. I go there and click on the Forgot Password? link. I get the password reset and log in to your account, which I control. Now I own your checking account as well as your email.
This summer I learned how to get into, well, everything. With two minutes and $4 to spend at a sketchy foreign website, I could report back with your credit card, phone, and Social Security numbers and your home address. Allow me five minutes more and I could be inside your accounts for, say, Amazon, Best Buy, Hulu, Microsoft, and Netflix. With yet 10 more, I could take over your AT&T, Comcast, and Verizon. Give me 20—total—and I own your PayPal. Some of those security holes are plugged now. But not all, and new ones are discovered every day.
The common weakness in these hacks is the password. It's an artifact from a time when our computers were not hyper-connected. Today, nothing you do, no precaution you take, no long or random string of characters can stop a truly dedicated and devious individual from cracking your account. The age of the password has come to an end; we just haven't realized it yet.
Passwords are as old as civilization. And for as long as they've existed, people have been breaking them.
In 413 BC, at the height of the Peloponnesian War, the Athenian general Demosthenes landed in Sicily with 5,000 soldiers to assist in the attack on Syracusae. Things were looking good for the Greeks. Syracusae, a key ally of Sparta, seemed sure to fall.
But during a chaotic nighttime battle at Epipole, Demosthenes' forces were scattered, and while attempting to regroup they began calling out their watchword, a prearranged term that would identify soldiers as friendly. The Syracusans picked up on the code and passed it quietly through their ranks. At times when the Greeks looked too formidable, the watchword allowed their opponents to pose as allies. Employing this ruse, the undermatched Syracusans decimated the invaders, and when the sun rose, their cavalry mopped up the rest. It was a turning point in the war.
The first computers to use passwords were likely those in MIT's Compatible Time-Sharing System, developed in 1961. To limit the time any one user could spend on the system, CTSS used a login to ration access. It only took until 1962 when a PhD student named Allan Scherr, wanting more than his four-hour allotment, defeated the login with a simple hack: He located the file containing the passwords and printed out all of them. After that, he got as much time as he wanted.
During the formative years of the web, as we all went online, passwords worked pretty well. This was due largely to how little data they actually needed to protect. Our passwords were limited to a handful of applications: an ISP for email and maybe an ecommerce site or two. Because almost no personal information was in the cloud—the cloud was barely a wisp at that point—there was little payoff for breaking into an individual's accounts; the serious hackers were still going after big corporate systems.
So we were lulled into complacency. Email addresses morphed into a sort of universal login, serving as our username just about everywhere. This practice persisted even as the number of accounts—the number of failure points—grew exponentially. Web-based email was the gateway to a new slate of cloud apps. We began banking in the cloud, tracking our finances in the cloud, and doing our taxes in the cloud. We stashed our photos, our documents, our data in the cloud.
Eventually, as the number of epic hacks increased, we started to lean on a curious psychological crutch: the notion of the "strong" password. It's the compromise that growing web companies came up with to keep people signing up and entrusting data to their sites. It's the Band-Aid that's now being washed away in a river of blood.
Full story of Wired Senior Writer Mat Honan:


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Bangkok nightlife: 9 best new bars
Though fans of Bangkok nightlife have favorite pubs and clubs that have stood the test of time, the city's drinking scene continues to evolve.
Seemingly every month a quality Bangkok bar opens, promising world-class mixologists, top chefs and innovative spaces. All serving to remind us why it's worth braving Bangkok's evening traffic to get out and have a drink.
To help ease the pains of keeping up with the latest and greatest Bangkok bars, here's a look at nine of the top new venues to open in the last year.
This apothecary-themed joint is a relatively recent addition to Sukhumvit Soi 11's ever-changing scene and it's already opened a second location on the city's other nightlife thoroughfare, Soi Thong Lor.
The wrought iron railings, glass bottle displays and French doors that open to the street are vaguely reminiscent of New Orleans (at least the NOLA in your mind).
Unlike the other chic clubs, dives and bars on the same street, Apoteka keeps a focus on live music, local DJs and other live acts, notably some pretty good blues from Danny California Blues All Stars.
The drinks list at this Bangkok bar has concoctions with apothecary-esque potency, as well as imported craft beer.
The bar has recently launched a weekend rarity in Bangkok: a Sunday backyard grill event with live music, beer and artisanal hot dogs.
Apoteka, Sukhumvit Soi 11; BTS: Nana station; +66 (0)83 720 5586
More on CNN: World's best nightlife cities
Picture a super-contemporary, all-white art installation inspired by the derelict buildings of Bangkok and you have Badmotel in a nutshell.
Only it really is in a once-derelict, three-story building, now restored and freshly painted, but with many of its original flaws highlighted and preserved.
This Bangkok nightlife space has many zones. There's the front room, with a bar and dining tables, where Thai hipster youth eat high-end versions of Thai food and drink, like vodka infused with Thai herbs and fruits.
The tiled, leafy outdoor space in the back is a gem. An external staircase leads to a modest rooftop with its own small bar, so you don't have to go back down for top-ups.
The bar has hosted edgy art openings, product launch parties and sets by visiting DJs. On a typical night, local DJs spin funk, electronica and some eclectic stuff.
Bad Motel, Soi Thong Lor between sub-sois 15 and 17; BTS: Thong L
Le Derriere
If Ernest Hemingway weren't perpetually broke during his Paris years, perhaps he'd have spent time at places like Le Derriere.
Located behind the popular Q Bar (you have to walk through it to get in), this lounge feels a lot like 1920s Paris, with a beautiful zinc bar, red velvet furniture, frilly hanging lamps, mirrors and beveled wall panels.
There's a semi-outdoor space with decaying white walls for smokers (cigars available).
Booze-wise, the main attractions here are the champagne and absinthe -- when we last checked, the bar carried 17 varieties of the latter -- and the small food menu does French things like oysters by the dozen and cheese and cold cuts.
Le Derriere, Behind Q Bar, 34 Sukhumvit Soi 11; BTS: Nana; +66 (0)2 252 3274
More on CNN: Where to party: The complete guide to Bangkok nightlife
The location of this new nightclub is a bit unusual -- a residential neighborhood near Samitivej Hospital.
But thanks to owner and publishing heir Dan Hetrakul's network and know-how, Grease is seeing a steady flow of well-heeled and savvy young Thais and expats who come for frequent DJ sets -- spinning everything from funk and hip hop to dubsteb and electro.
The multi-level shophouse offers a slightly different vibe on every floor.
The dancing happens on the third level, a low-ceilinged room covered in LED lights. To grab dinner and pre-game beforehand, there's the brightly lit, modular bar on the first floor, called Any Winehouse.
There's a smaller bar on the rooftop.
Grease, 46/12 Sukhumvit 49 Road; BTS: Thonglor or Promphong; +66 (0)2 662 6120
Levels is a nightclub similar to Sukhumvit Soi 11 mainstays Bed Supperclub and Q Bar.
Peripherally attached to Aloft Hotel, this high-end club is accessible by a separate set of elevators that lead to the sixth floor and an enormous, high-ceilinged room whose centerpiece is a circular, glowing bar with a jazzy LED chandelier overhead.
There are house-heavy DJs every night, with the occasional visiting big deal international act coming in. (For those shows, there's a cover charge.)
If you don't like to dance, you can get a table at the mezzanine and look down on the crowds.
There's a smaller club room for a tighter squeeze, as well as an outdoor terrace bar for a more laid-back evening and decent city views.
Levels, 6/F, Aloft Hotel, 35 Sukhumvit Soi 11; BTS: Nana; +66 (0)82 308 3246
Maggie Choo's
It may be located in the basement of a hotel (accessed via a separate, dark entrance), but this speakeasy-esque bar with a Shanghai opium den vibe comes with the solid pedigree of nightlife mogul Ashley Sutton.
Sutton is behind several of the city's time warp-inducing establishments, such as Iron Fairies and Fat Gutz.
At Maggie Choo's, you get live jazz, leather armchairs, bank vaults and Queen Victoria busts juxtaposed with cocktails, tile work, latticework and heavy wooden doors. Beautiful women clad in cheongsams hang from swings and drape themselves across the bar.
Allegedly, there are secret passageways, too.
If you're hungry, you can sit on stools at a round wooden table in a restaurant attached to the bar and gorge on decent Chinese egg noodles with duck. Maggie Choo's itself serves a selection of hors-d'oeuvres.
Maggie Choo's, Hotel Novotel Bangkok Fenix Silom, 320 Silom Road; +66 (0)2 635 6055
From the people who do Bangkok's beloved Sonic and Cosmic Café, Moose is the latest stronghold of the local hipster scene.
The tastefully ramshackle space is tucked away at the end of Soi Ekamai, not far from another local favorite, Tuba, The decor is a mix of industrial touches, lots of wooden furniture and lovely hanging plants.
And yes, there's a moosehead -- well, skull -- mounted over an exposed brick wall.
It's not a dancey type of place, but there are regular live bands and DJ sets pretty much every night of the week. The daily happy hour, and a full-on Thai drinking food menu of spicy salads and shellfish omelets, mean that you can make a night of it.
Moose, 24 Ekamai Soi 21; BTS: Ekamai; +66 (0)2 108 9550
Opposite Mess Hall
While not officially open until May 25, Opposite Mess Hall (OMH) is one of the most talked-about and anticipated new venues in a long while, thanks to the cred lent by its previous iteration, Opposite, and the people behind it.
The cozy, second-floor, so-called "bar with food" is co-owned by Christopher Wise and Somrak Sila, of enduring WTF bar and gallery fame, and chef Jess Barnes, formerly of Quince.
Though the pair is transitioning from Opposite to OMH, they've promised to keep the poetry, storytelling, art and music events that have made the former space so renowned -- except with a steady drinks list and a rustic but exciting bar menu courtesy of the beloved chef.
Neither menu is finalized for the moment, but at a recent event, Barnes served steamed rice buns with pulled pork, homemade pickled vegetables and crostini topped with tuna tartar.
Oh, and we're told that the kitchen will stay open till past midnight.
Opposite Mess Hall, 27/1 Sukhumvit Soi 51; BTS: Thonglor; +66 (0)2 662 6330
More on CNN: The rise of Bangkok's indie dining scene
Sonic is owned by the same people who do Moose and live music hot spot Cosmic Café.
With a giant white statue of a mustachioed hipster out front, Sonic positions itself as a dancing venue.
They've already hosted a number of local party series, such as the well attended Paradise Bangkok gigs and collectives like Trasher and Dudesweet.
Sonic has also hosted acts such as Skrillex and The Pains of Being Pure at Heart. That doesn't leave much room for a regular night, but on that rare occasion, you can buy an unpretentious drink and grab a table at the outdoor space, where resident DJs spins indie rock.
Frequent local bands perform, both on the main stage and in small party rooms.
Sonic, 90 Ekamai 63, between subsois 8 and 10; +66 (0)2 382 3397
More on CNN: Where to party: The complete guide to Bangkok nightlife


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As the More is More Mom®, I'm all about……..being a more thoughtful guest! After a lifetime at Our Lady of Perpetual Donations Grammar School, I love that high school has brought opportunities for Amanda to branch out and develop new friendships. She's met a darling group of girls that, like her, likes sports, music, movies and a little WWF (Hulk Hogan would be so proud).
One of the families generously invited a gaggle of these girls to join them on their family vacation. The trip started as they hit the road in an RV (how else does one travel with 11 people?), making their way on the six hour journey to Michigan. With such a gracious invitation, Amanda and I decided to contribute to the festive spirit by providing an activity to help pass the time on the road.
A girl can never have enough footwear, so we decided to provide all 7 of the girls with the materials to make matching decorative flip-flops…….
Our first stop was a visit to Old Navy. They have the very best flip-flop selection, in a rainbow of colors. Armed with each girls shoe size, Amanda selected a pair of bright green flippies for each.
Now all that was left was a quick trip to the fabric store. We needed to get a few yards of fleece, to cut into strips, to tie around the straps of the flip-flops. Amanda grabbed three rolls of pink, orange and green striped ribbon as her color inspiration. We also snagged another three rolls of ribbon, only this time we fell for a delightful green animal print; a little something sassy to compliment the classic stripe. As the base of the design, Amanda chose both bright orange and hot pink fleece.
Now it was time for the real work; cutting all of the fabric into 1" x 5" strips. After some complicated math, we determined that each shoe would need;
6 ribbons
21 pink strips
21 orange strips
In other words, 48 strips per shoe, or 96 strips per pair. That was nearly 700 strips of fabric for 7 pairs of flip-flops. That's a lot of cutting! Thankfully, I have a quilting cutting wheel, t-square and a mat to make all that cutting that much easier.
Because the fleece is stretchy, we only needed to cut the fabric into 1" wide x 5"long strips. We were in luck; cutting the ribbon was so much less time consuming. It came off the roll in the proper width, and as for the length, because its not stretchy, we cut the ribbon into 7" strips.
The apple doesn't fall far from the tree…..Amanda is a very orderly little person. She organized the project by putting the 48 strips for each individual shoe in a small sandwich baggie, including two baggies of fabric in a larger baggie along with the flip-flops.
As Girls love to match, the flip-flop project was a huge hit (as were the two trays of homemade brownies that we sent along for the ride).
With the extreme generosity and thoughtfulness of the family, Amanda and her friends had the vacation of a lifetime; jet skiing, parasailing, zip lining, water sliding, fine dining, but more importantly, laughing, bonding and connecting.
More hospitality, more vacationing, more fun, more great girlfriends…….
To schedule and Interior Design appointment, a Life Style consultation or a speaking engagement, please email me at firstname.lastname@example.com


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Artist description:
After some hours of working on it, and trying to do fur, here it is! Ref: [Link] Hope you enjoy this one as much as I enjoyed doing it! ^_^
Java Draw Created Jul 22, 2011 640 x 460px Unless noted Copyright 2011 Emiily.
We encourage you to submit a comment and let the artist know what you think of this drawing. Please log in or join to post a comment.
Post a comment
So dang cuuuute! grate job!
oh my panda! this is just-2 kawaii n good :o d flowers n leaves etc in d bg r soooo lovely n whoa wat wonderful work on the fur-favorite
imagonna re rate and re comment on this coz it is awesomeeeeeeeeeeeeeeely beautifulllllll.
this is my absolute fav Panda on here absolutely gorgeous wow you are soooo Talented 5/5 all time fav.
it's adorable, love the fur! :) fav !
I did an Oil Painting of this same Pic :)
this is super cute!! great drawing ! :)
Awwwwwwwwwwwww to cute 5hs
cool fave
wow...cool draw...i like that blending effects made on fur ..5/5 and fav :)


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PAWNS Needing some Quick Cash? Let us help you with a pawn loan, using almost anything of value as collateral. We loan more and do our very best to always say YES! A pawn loan is quick and easy with
You can find a selection of featured items from all of our locations here. All items are listed with their store locations and availability. This is just a small selection of what we have available. If you're looking for just
With locations in Bentonville, Rogers, Springdale, and Siloam Springs there is a Big Brothers Pawn in a convenient location nearby. Our friendly staff awaits eagerly to help with your buying, selling, or pawning needs. It really is true that we


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Castello di Amorosa's 2006 Merlot was recently judged the best Merlot in a blind taste test sponsored by the Napa Valley Vintners Association and the St. Helena Star.
Judged by veteran Napa Valley winemakers, the Castello's Merlot was the least expensive of the five finalists.
Here's the link to the St. Helena Star article:
The following is an excerpt from the article:
"Castello di Amorosa Napa Valley Merlot 2006 ($34) is a bowl of ripe cherries, currants, raspberry and dark plum with dusty tannins. Crafted by winemaker Brooks Painter, this wine is 100% Merlot. Visiting the incredible castle, between Calistoga and St. Helena on Highway 29, would be a fun way to share the holiday with friends and family. While there won't be sleigh rides in the snow, Castello di Amorosa has horse-drawn carriage rides through the vineyards."
Visit Castello di Amorosa to taste the award-winning Merlot. Our wines are only available at the Castello or online.


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The business was founded in 2006 working from our home workshop. The core business was the manufacture of one off custom and client specific designed house name and number plates, using the traditional greensand casting technique.
Most of our signs are made from cast aluminium which is then powder coated in a durable plastic finish prior to being painted by our resident artist in weather proof enamel paints. We also cast in brass, bronze or copper for those clients who require it.
Being close to The Liverpool John Lennon Airport means we are located centrally in the UK and can easily source materials and equipment for the foundry industry. Due to this enhanced position expansion came quickly and easily.
The move into supplying foundry products to artisan crafts people, artists, potters, sculptors, jewellers and model engineering came in 2007 after being approached with numerous requests for materials in viable quantities to meet their needs.
Our website www.artisanfoundry.co.uk quickly followed with a limited number of products which has now grown to supply a comprehensive portfolio of products to the United Kingdom as well as many European Countries.
The growth we have achieved has been due to our excellent product knowledge, client service and care, ability to source products and reliability to do what we say.
The knowledge and skill base we have for our trade and product knowledge was further tapped into in 2008 when we started to provide basic metal casting courses for novice hobbyists in green sand as well as advanced casting courses for the more experienced using oil sand and sodium silicate/silica sand casting techniques. In 2010 we developed the facilities and scope for investment casting in brass and bronze using block investment as well as shell investment techniques. This enhances the opportunities for those wishing to focus their skills and talent at a more artistic level.
Plans for the future include courses on the following:
Pattern making in wood
Casting in iron
Bellows making
If you wish to be updated about the course developments subscribe to our news letter.
We hope you enjoy using the website.