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UPDATE: This article has been replaced by my newer "Java exec with ProcessBuilder and Process" article. While the Java code shown in this tutorial works on simple "Java exec" cases, the new article shows how to properly read the output streams from your system command in Java threads, and also how to write to your command's standard input, if necessary.
Feel free to read this article for background/legacy information, but I strongly recommend that you use the source code I'm sharing in my newer "Java exec" article, because it resolves the standard input, output, and error problems that I didn't handle properly in the code below.
I've read a lot about Java but one of the things I rarely see discussed is how you should go about running external system commands. Of course, you probably don't read much about this because it takes away from the portability of Java applications. For instance, if you write a Java application on a Unix system, you might be interested in running the "ps -ef" command, and reading the output of the command. For Unix systems this is great, but unfortunately, this same program won't work on a Windows system because the ps command isn't available on Windows.
Well, we're going to forget about portability for this article, and demonstrate a method that can be used to run system commands. We've received a lot of requests about this topic, so here goes.
Discussion (Runtime exec and Process)
Executing a system command is relatively simple - once you've seen it done the first time. It involves the use of two Java classes, the Runtime class and the Process class. Basically, you use the exec method of the Runtime class to run the command as a separate process. Invoking the exec method returns a Process object for managing the subprocess. Then you use the
getInputStream() and
getErrorStream() methods of the
Process object to read the normal output of the command, and the error output of the command. What you do with the output of the command executed is entirely up to you and the application you're creating.
(Note: There is also a
getOutputStream() method that you can use to write to the process, but we won't cover that method in this article. We'll cover that and a few other advanced features in a future article.)
A Java exec example
The code shown in Listing 1 provides a working example of our "Java exec" technique in a file named
import java.io.*; public class JavaRunCommand { public static void main(String args[]) { String s = null; try { // run the Unix "ps -ef" command // using the Runtime exec method: Process p = Runtime.getRuntime().exec("ps -ef"); BufferedReader stdInput = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(p.getInputStream())); BufferedReader stdError = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(p.getErrorStream())); // read the output from the command System.out.println("Here is the standard output of the command:\n"); while ((s = stdInput.readLine()) != null) { System.out.println(s); } // read any errors from the attempted command System.out.println("Here is the standard error of the command (if any):\n"); while ((s = stdError.readLine()) != null) { System.out.println(s); } System.exit(0); } catch (IOException e) { System.out.println("exception happened - here's what I know: "); e.printStackTrace(); System.exit(-1); } } }
Listing 1 (above): The file JavaRunCommand.java shows how you can run an external system command from within a Java program.
How our Java exec code works
The first thing you do is specify the command you want to run by supplying this command to the Runtime class. Because you can't create your own instance of the Runtime class, you first use the
getRuntime method to access the current runtime environment and then invoke the Runtime exec method. This returns a Process object.
Everything else you do involves methods of the Process object. In this case, because we're running the "ps -ef" command on a Unix system, we just need to read the output of the command. Reading the standard error probably isn't required in this case, but I thought at the very least it was at least worth showing, if not good programming practice.
I convert the input streams with the InputStreamReader and BufferedReader so I can use the
readLine() method of the BufferedReader class. Because I use these classes, this application will not compile properly with an older JDK 1.0.x compiler (these classes weren't available in 1.0.x).
Download the "Java exec" example source code
I could go on at length about this topic, but the best thing I can recommend is that you download the source code and work with it for a while. Try running different commands to see if you can get them to work properly, and try to run a command that requires input (this will be a bit more complicated).
To download the
JavaRunCommand.java source code shown in Listing 1, click here. Once the file is displayed in your browser you can select the File | Save As ... option of your browser to save the code to your local filesystem.
Running system command remotely
Is it possible to run the same command on a remote machine?
I am currently able to run it only on my local machine. Can I give the login details and IP address of a different machine and execute a system command remotely?
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Typically to run a command on
Typically to run a command on a remote machine, what you do is set up a program on that machine that "listens" on a TCP/IP port for the commands you want to run. Then, from a client machine, you call that server and say "run this command". You can either program your server software to listen on a certain port, or use inetd/xinetd to listen on a port for you.
I've described how to set up a command server/listener here. Although that server example is in Ruby, all the same ideas hold true.
Then, in another other tutorial I describe how to create a Java client that can call a server.
If you search this site for "java socket client" there are a couple of other examples as well.
I hope this helps!
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Java comand
Hi, my name is sumit vadgama.i am T.Y.B.C.A. Student.i have problem when i type java comand in cmd , the option -hotspot not worked and also not under stand the mean of that.have any one to idea about this? Pls help me for this.
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Query regarding above article..
hello alvin,
thanks for such really nice article, it helps me a lot.
I have one query,,,,
Suppose i want to execute 'ls' command for a specific directory on linux.
When i use above code (with replacing command to 'ls') to display list. It displays the files & folders within current directory from where i had executed the code....
But I want to execute 'ls' for another directory which may be in the same directory hierarchy or in different...
What should I add to code above , to accomplish this...
Thank you
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Missed your comment
I'm sorry, I missed your comment earlier. I hope you found the solution to your problem, but if not, please try to give me more information, and I'll be glad to help.
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ls in a different directory
To execute your
ls command in a different directory, you just need to add the directory name as an argument to your command, like this:
Process p = Runtime.getRuntime().exec("ls /tmp");
That command will list the contents of the
/tmp directory on a Linux system. For a more detailed listing, just add a few more options to the
ls command, like this:
Process p = Runtime.getRuntime().exec("ls -al /tmp");
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Listing files & folders from home directory..??
Hello Alvin,
Thanks for your reply..
I am trying to clear my doubts here as :
Suppose I am in the directory /home/Abc/xyz/pqr.
Now if I execute command Runtime.getRuntime().exec("ls");
it displays files & folders inside 'pqr'.
But I want listing from /home/Abc , without giving absolute path..
So, do I need to execute 'cd' command which will get you to the home directory & then directly execute above 'ls' command to list all files & folders inside home directory .. ???
(I tried above , but not working & giving error as
Cannot run program "cd": java.io.IOException: error=2, No such file or directory)
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Something happens with the cd
Something happens with the
cd command here that doesn't work, and I'm not sure I fully understand it right now. I think it has to do with the fact that
cd isn't really a command that exists on the filesystem, like the
ls command, but instead is built into the shell.
I just ran a few tests, and I could run multiple
ls commands like this:
Process p = Runtime.getRuntime().exec("ls -l /tmp ; ls -l /home");
But I could not get the combination of a
cd and
ls command to work like this:
Process p = Runtime.getRuntime().exec("cd /tmp ; ls -l");
(Sorry, I'm not an expert here. I know there are things in other languages like
chdir method calls, and I think that's what my next suggestion relates to.)
If you really just want to execute the
ls command in a different directory you might be able to use this other
exec method signature, which lets you specify a different initial directory:
public Process exec(String[] cmdarray, String[] envp, File dir) throws IOException
I haven't tested that yet, but I just read about that method on the Runtime javadoc page.
Usually what I do is when I need to
exec multiple commands is put those commands into a shell script, and then
exec that shell script. I think you're okay to get a directory listing like this, but if you want to do much more I think you'll need to take that approach.
A very interesting note on that
Runtime page is that the ProcessBuilder class is now the recommended way to run external processes. I have a little too much on my plate today to dig into this right away, but I'll make a note to look at this class, and update this article.
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Hello Alvin, Thank
Hello Alvin,
Thank you very much for your response. I am studying this material/topic, & if I found any potential information then i ll definitely post here...
Thanks & Regards
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execute shell commands with pipes in java
hi, i am not able to execute shell commands with pipes in java
any ideas?????????????
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How to exec a pipeline command
Sorry for the delay, I finally had some time to look at this. If you change this line of code:
Process p = Runtime.getRuntime().exec("ps -ef");
to these two lines of code:
String[] cmd = { "/bin/sh", "-c", "ps aux | wc -l" }; Process p = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(cmd);
you can run external commands in a pipe.
The thing I didn't know until digging into this just now is that when you run exec, you aren't actually running your commands in a shell, you're really just running them (with no shell environment). So to use a feature like a pipe (pipeline) -- which is a shell feature -- you have to invoke a shell, and then run your commands inside that shell.
That's what I'm doing in the two lines of code above, invoking a shell, and then running the "ps auxx | wc -l" command pipeline in that shell.
Very cool, I appreciate everyone's questions here. I just kept avoiding this problem myself, but with enough people asking, I finally dug into this.
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Run multiple shell commands with exec
suyog -- In case you didn't get my answer from my other comment, you should be able to solve your question like this:
String[] cmd = { "/bin/sh", "-c", "cd /var; ls -l" }; Process p = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(cmd);
As mentioned in my other comment, the solution lies in running your commands inside an actual Unix shell.
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thanks !! :) it helped me a
thanks !! :) it helped me a lot
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Hello Alvin, Wonderful post I
Hello Alvin,
Wonderful post I believe. Thanks for sharing your experience on this.
I have one query as of now:-
how can I execute the query on remote machine? I have seen few other posts from you, but in one of the posts you have written a Ruby Script for achieving few things, since Ruby Script is not available for any Unix based machines, I just wanted to know how I can do a telnet session to a Unix machine and execute the commands remotely from my application running on Windows machine.
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Run .pl file from java
I want run my perl file which is present in unix box from my jsp code so I have written like
Process process=Runtime.getRuntime().exec("./sso_example.pl");
but I am not able run this ,any help pls?
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Thank you so much
Thank you very much Alvin your comment about piping with java exec just saved my life, if there is a God I'm sure he will reward you with beautiful women and lots of money. Thanks again!!
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Rama -- Sorry for the delay
Rama -- Sorry for the delay in replying, I have been very busy lately. There are two parts to your answer. The first part is easy: Make sure your Perl script is executable (i.e., do a "chmod +x" on your script), and make sure it runs just fine from the command line.
Second, the easiest way to get it working from your JSP is to specify the full path to the Perl script instead of using a relative path. That is, if your Perl script is in a directory named
/web/sites/myapplication, then you should call it with that directory, like this:
Using the "./sso_example.pl" command implies that the Perl script is in the "current directory". With a web application I don't know what the "home" directory is, but it's either going to be the JVM's home directory, your web container's bin directory, or possibly your web application's directory.
(Sorry I don't know this answer ... I'm too lazy/busy to dig through the servlet specification, and I don't have any Java web apps running right now that I can test this with. I did just look at my JSP CGI parameters tutorial, and there I can see that the "Real Path" is the directory of my web app, but that doesn't help much.)
If you really want to know this ... if you have your Java web app running in a JVM, just add this line of code to a JSP you can hit (put it inside of some PRE tags), and it will help you see figure out what your JSP's home directory is:
(I just pulled that line of code from my Java system properties tutorial.)
Sorry, that got a little long-winded, but I hope it helps.
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Very Helpful
This is a very helpful post. Thank you for sharing.
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What about cmd command in Windows
Hi everyone.
Well, I'm trying to run JAR command for creating Java ARchive from Java code.
So, I already done to generate classes from WSDL and compile them successfully, but now i have some trouble. I can not run JAR command. Because, before calling JAR, I have to run "cd C:\temp\" and then "jar cf client.jar @classes.list".
Two commands! So... Please, who can give an advise here? I really need help!
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I'm sorry, I don't have a
I'm sorry, I don't have a Windows system these days, so I can't try to test anything. Before I learned how to do all of this, I used to call a shell script on Unix and Linux systems whenever I needed to run multiple commands, so maybe you can do the same thing on a Windows system, and call a Windows batch file to run your commands?
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Its 11 o'clock p.m. on Christmas. I haven't slept in two days and have been trying to work on a program like this for a while now. Thanks to you I figured out what I needed for it to run properly. If it wasn't for you I would still need to stay up and finish this.
Thank you and God Bless
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New Java exec tutorial
A quick note here that I've created a new tutorial on how to execute system commands from Java using ProcessBuilder and Process. That article not only uses these newer Java classes, but it also resolves the issues of reading the standard output and standard error streams from the system command you want to execute.
I strongly recommend that you use the code from that article, as opposed to the code in this article, in particular because it handles the output and error streams properly.
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Java exec with wildcards
I don't know if this will work, I haven't tried anything with wildcards yet, but if it's going to work, you'll have to run your command in a shell, as shown above in the "How to exec a pipeline command" comment.
In short, wildcard characters are a shell feature, so you'll need to exec a shell, and then give your command to the shell, as I wrote about in that comment.
Sorry I can't be more help right now, I'm currently traveling, but I hope that points you in the right direction. Also, sorry for the delay.
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wildcard works with
wildcard works with bash
String[] cmd = { "/bin/bash", "-c", "cd /var; ls *.java" };
Process p = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(cmd);
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Setting Java Classpath
I'm trying to use the method signature below to set a long classpath for executing a separate java application from within my own. It seems like the classpath is failing to be set any ideas?
exec(String[] cmdarray, String[] envp)
exec("(fully qualified)/java (classname) -args", environment);
where environment = {"CLASSPATH=(classpath)"} and a few other environment variables.
any ideas would be much appreciated.
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Java CLASSPATH
Have you tried using -cp or -classpath to set the classpath, and -D to set your other properties? That might work, so then your command is just something like this:
java -cp [classpath-here] -Dfoo=bar MyJavaApp.jar
It seems like that should work.
If not, try the approach where you actually launch a shell, and then run your Java app inside the shell. The shell approach is shown in the comments above, and look something like this:
String[] cmd = { "/bin/sh", "-c", "cd /var; ls -l" }; Process p = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(cmd);
Instead of the cd and ls commands shown there, you would set your CLASSPATH and other environment variables, then run your Java app.
I hope that helps!
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command of exec
i want to use a program of java which run commands of shell. i have tried with the suggestions have given above but i doen't worck with all the commands???? "as: sudo virsh, ?????"
so thinks for the answer!!!!
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Java exec with sudo
For an example like that, where you want to exec the sudo command, you're going to need to properly work with the input and output streams. To do that, you'll have to use my newer (and more complicated code), as shown in my "Java exec with Process and ProcessBuilder" article. I specifically created that project so I could run the sudo command from a Java exec method call.
I don't know if the Apache exec project handles something like the sudo command, but you may want to look at it as well.
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Command line freeze when using java exec
Hi,I am running exec on window. I am trying to open the cmd and input the command. The code worked. I also try to type: cd .. or dir for testing it worked too.
However I was trying to input a command ( business sentitive, I cannot postup) . This command work when I manually type in cmd. However when using code to execute, the windows freeze ? I looked like as it is waiting for something. Any idea to why this is happening or way to resolve this ?
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runtime exec() doesn't work for network directory
hi , i am trying to access the network drive using runtime exec(),
but i am getting IO Exception .
here is the part of code :
------------------------------cut from code-----------------------------
commands= new String[] {"cmd /c C:\\APP\\Adl2\\bin\\runpx.cmd http://2IND05724.LED.XYZ.com:7779/ServerService \"\\\\abcd\\mysig\\file.zip\" -monitor"};
Process p = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(commands);
------------------------------- end of cut--------------------------------
in the above code "\\abce is common network drive
can any one help with this ..
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Windows cmd problem
I'm sorry, I can't help with this Windows command (I don't have a Windows system), but I thought I'd post your comment in case anyone else can help.
That being said, if your code appears to be locking up with no input or output, please look at my new Java exec article, which gets around the problems of this more basic code. Or, look at the Apache exec project.
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Final comment for this post
I haven't closed off comments for a tutorial before, but in this case, I am.
As mentioned in my last comment, the techniques in my Java exec with ProcessBuilder and Process tutorial solves all the problems I've seen reported here.
Or, if you just want to get something to work and don't mind that the code is a little older, take a look at the Apache exec project.
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Some of the major administrative services performed by the department include: Clerk of the City Council, Records Manager, Elections Officer, and interpretation of public records and meetings law.
The City Clerk Department will continue striving to provide support services and any additional services needed to assist with local government functions, while remaining accessible, and responsive.
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We have posted JNTU Study Materials & Notes for CSE, IT, ECE, Mechanical, Civil, EEE and other branches.These materials and notes are useful for JNTUH, JNTUK and JNTUA students. We have provided the list of all JNTU Materials along with important questions. Search your material from these JNTU Materials collection and download it. If we missed any material please post ... Read More »
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I ran into the following issue where a keyboard shortcut I was used to was no longer working in Ubuntu. That's just an example. For programming, this kinds of thing happens a lot, but it also happens in any aspect of work and life.
I'm always tempted to fix it right away because I have an idea of what might fix it in a few minutes. Of course, a lot of times the idea is wrong, and much more effort is required.
I basically go through an optimization process where I continuously ask myself "Did I spend too much time looking for a fix already?" in trying to decide whether to abandon the effort.
I think any one issue can be abandoned, but I think that if I do it for all of them, my life will be a mess of inefficiencies.
Question: How do you effectively approach this temptation of small problems?
As I wrote up in the above rambling blog post the pros and cons for the decision to pursue any one individual issue are:
- I fix the small problem the "right" way, so I don't have to settle for a half-ass sweep-under-the-rug solution.
- I get to spend an hour being open to the possibility of learning new things relevant to my work and exchanging information with the community of fellow Linux users. The computer world evolves on a daily basis, with new technologies, approaches, ideas constantly emerging. So, it's important to stay connected to the latest developments.
- I get to practice persevering in dealing with frustrating issues.
It is not guaranteed that I find a solution.
It always takes longer than you thin. At first, it seems like the fix would not take more than 5 minutes, and when it does (50+% of the time), I become progressively more invested in it as time goes on. It's the same principle that keeps you gambling in a Casino until all your money is gone.
Perfectionism is an addiction. We live in a world of inefficiencies that could be easily optimized if you just give it a few minutes. Sometimes it does take minutes, but sometimes it may take days. The more you feed this addiction, the harder it becomes to exist peacefully in an inefficient world.


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Gears of War 3 is the latest in an increasingly long list of games that include the ability to filter out adult language and gore through the game's settings.
I wrote about that earlier this week, but I also reached out to Microsoft to see if they would ever consider adding a new filter-centric option to the Xbox 360's family settings.
What I asked was whether it would be possible to add a setting that allow parents to have the console automatically turn on those filters if their child wanted to play certain games.
Here's their response:
"We continually evaluate feedback from both parents and the community on ways to advance our parental controls in order to give parents the most up to date tools to manage their family's experiences on Xbox 360 and Xbox LIVE. While not currently available, platform controls to apply filter settings are potential options that the team will be thinking about for future iterations of our family programming and parental controls."
Seems like a win-win to me. You can never have too many family settings.


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sdekleer necesitaba un nuevo diseño de logotipo y lanzó un concurso de diseño en 99designs.
Un ganador ha sido elegido entre 60 diseños de 31 diseñadores freelance.
Globe Homes and Condos is a company with its main business in vacation home rentals. We are looking for a modern, clean logo that has global appeal and that stands out without screaming. It should show well both with and without the tagline.
Globe Homes and Condos
Vacation rentals and more.
Desired Color Scheme:
Suggested: orange, blue, grey?
Desired Style:
Modern, clean and professional w global appeal
Accepted File Formats:
Vector Formats (.eps, .pdf or .ai); Layered Formats (.psd or .tiff)
 Globe Homes and Condos' main business is the vacation homes rental market. The majority of our homes are currently in Los Angeles, Palm Springs and Miami, but will soon also include homes and condos in Amsterdam, New York , Rio and more.
Currently we are focusing on Vacation rentals, but are also planning to offer vacation concierge services, go into property management and eventually possibly real estate sales.
The logo needs to have global appeal. It needs to be able to present itself well WITH the tagline "Vacation Rentals and more†as well as WITHOUT.All the words: Globe Homes and Condos should be included in the logo. Especially as our URL is http://www.globehomesandcondos.comThe logo has to show well on a white background as well as light grey/grey background. I would like you to include some warmer colors (preferably orange), together with a blue (reminders of blue skies and oceans). We are currently in the process of finalizing the website, which will be using a similar color scheme.It has to look modern and clean as well as professional.
We are looking forward to seeing your ideas and help you refine them by giving you feedback about what we like and don't like.
- Modern and clean
- Global appeal
- Professional
Descubre cómo funciona un concurso de diseño u obtén más información sobre nuestros servicios de diseño de logo.


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Ran, July 23, 2017 in E02: Stormborn
269 members have voted
What'd you think?
I enjoyed last weeks even with the clear lack of Georges material but this week is awful.
A good episode . Euron and that sea battle was just great , one most awesome scenes in the entire series IMO. Finally Euron is starting to become a true maniac , much like his book counterpart . Give this a guy a dragon .
i gave it a 6
I subtracted 2 points from my vote for that Misendai-Gray Worm scene.
Urine definitely takes the piss out of Reek.
7. Much better than last week's but Reek resurfacing is bullshit!
Hey, a scene where sandsnakes were actually cool to watch. Not coincidentaly, they died. And Tyene looks much better now.
Euron saved the episode. If anything, because GoT was getting dangerously close into predictable territory. But now, with his victory and Oleana putting shit on Danny's head their invasion might go deadly wrong.
I am impressed with the early conversations this episode, a lot of dialog exchange that I had been waiting to hear.
A good episode things have developed with the logic of the narrative as it has developed this season.
I went with 5, didn't build on some of the promise of last week, too much time on Missandei-Grey Worm sex and too little terrifying naval battle at the end, and the Arya-Nymeria reunion scene was mildly confusing and felt shoehorned in. A fast, confused episode with too much wheel spinning and not enough character moments or forward plot, but also not among the worst GOT episodes.
Eh, 5, mostly for the battle at the end. That was actually pretty cool.
I should be use to it but I have to watch Grey worm instead of them setting up the Iron fleet battle a little better. In a 4 min scene the whole fleet is wiped out. No build up nothing just sillyness that would never happen no watch guard just another sex scene and a quick wipe out.
The scene where Danny takes Varys to task was long overdue... and I liked the scene where everyone was around the table... the Danny /Oleana scene was nice... but Euron saved the episode...
2 point off for the greyworm/Missandei scene
As someone has already pointed out, there were some dialogues that I really felt were necessary (Dany and Varys). Bryan Cogman wrote this episode so it's not a surprise.
A good 8.
Decent episode overall. Loved Euron's scenes (can't believe I finally get to say this).
Too bad they choose to waste time on Missandei and Greyworm. I really hope one of them hits the bucket soon.
Jon Would let Sansa know his plans before he mentions it to the other lords. I do agree and did like the Dany vs Vary's scene. I sure wish the scenes of Dragon Stone and even Winterfell would have a more true to life appearance. Serving folks and life around it. When King Robert had his Iron thrones scenes it would look like a throne room might. Not sure if its budgets or what. When they had George material would get Tyrion and Jamie eating it looked like real life.
The battle was great. Euron is a much better fighter than I was expecting to witness.
I was not shocked by the deaths, or seeing Nymeria again. However, i was shocked by Theon... THEONNN WHYYY
I didn't expect this season to be as good as the first 4 but it's been decent so far. It feels different as it's all one big connected storyline now, there are no more interesting subplots. As for filler scenes they will always have them so don't expect those to go away.
20 minutes ago, xjlxking said:
The battle was great. Euron is a much better fighter than I was expecting to witness.
I was not shocked by the deaths, or seeing Nymeria again. However, i was shocked by Theon... THEONNN WHYYY
Theon saw Yara's men getting tortured and got flashbacks of Ramsay, if it wasn't for that i'm sure Theon would have been more than happy to fight Euron!.
I enjoyed this episode overall, had some really great scenes. As a full episode It wasn't as good for me as last week's though.
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Archive for January 5th, 2016
The falling leaves drift by my window…………..
Posted by: maureenc on January 5, 2016
Posted by: maureenc on January 5, 2016
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|vivian helena on Where has 2018 disappeared…
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Roaming, at home and abroad
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Creating a magical, wide webbed world, one beautifully handmade item at a time. ©
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Specialists in Clinical Knowledge Management
Enigma is a specialist creator of innovative web-based applications, workflow solutions, data capture / management and reporting. We develop and deliver solutions primarily with a clinical focus to both public health providers and private corporates alike. Our products and toolsets allow us to deliver quality solutions capable of bringing multiple groups together with shared information and workflows. We provide systems ranging from in-depth clinical decision support and high-level medical surveillance tools for health monitoring, to referral management systems, visual risk conveyance tools and more…
Our Health and Medical Registry Solutions are 'research ready', built for ease of end-user's data entry and researcher's data analysis. These Registries are capable of interfacing with multiple external systems to pull data from numerous sources, creating streamlined workflow and reducing data-entry errors, data-entry effort and costs.
Our platforms are enhanced by a full range of customer and end-user-focused services and support. We create and deliver products under three vertical brands:
In recognising that our customers face a spectrum of clinical information needs ranging from highly-specific decision support to broader knowledge management and workflow solutions, Enigma has developed innovative platforms for the effective delivery of clinical information:
- PREDICT v2 powers our Electronic Clinical Decision Support solutions
- PREDICT v2.1+ powers our workflow and data-capture solutions
Enigma's proven approach to projects includes the following:
- Thorough understanding of Customer Requirements
- Development of System Specifications
- Development of a Project Plan, featuring defined deliverables, timelines and responsibilities
- Systems Development; creation and integration of code and content
- Quality Assurance; use cases, testing and debugging
- Training
- Implementation
- Review
- Managed Hosting
- Ongoing Support
Enigma allocates a dedicated team to each project. Key roles include:
- Project Leader
- Project Manager
- Technical Development Manager – responsible for systems development, implementation and support. Leads development team.
- Editorial Manager (as required) – responsible for clinical content and knowledge management. Leads editorial team.
Enigma is proud to be a foundation member of the NZ Health IT cluster (since its formation in 2003).


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Posted by Editoress on 03/15/11
Blizzard Bike Club, Fort St. John BC
March 13th, Baldonnel Roubaix
Pat Ferris edged out George Gamble by a half a wheel in Sunday's Baldonnel Roubaix. Both had a time of 52:31 for the 23 km early season road race. 2010 series winner Gary Hilderman was third at 56:17. Kevin Shaw was not far behind despite a late start to get 4th at 58:25. Adam Currie was 5th at 1:03:41. This is Pat Ferris's 6th win on the Baldonnel Roubaix loop, over the past 16 years.
Ready to go at -10C
Thanks to Sandy McDonald for timing!
Conditions weren't bad for this difficult winter race series. The temperature was -10 C with a chilly overcast and the roads recently snow ploughed. The gravel road portion was covered with packed snow and the pavement mostly dry. It was a lot colder as compared to last year's sunny, warm and dry conditions.
2010 series winner Gary Hilderman was third
Two more races to go in the series. Next Sunday is the Montney Roubaix followed by the following Sunday's Two Rivers Roubaix. Race time is 2 pm and the weather gods willing.
|Return to Canadian Cyclist homepage | Back to Top


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The Pink Ghosts / Blankets! Now Streaming on Exclaim! /May 21, 2014
The Acorn's The Pink Ghosts and Blankets! EP are now streaming on Exclaim.ca, along with a great review of the releases. You can listen online here. As a part of the Kelp 20 re-issue series, The Acorn's albums are being pressed on pink and white marbled vinyl for the first time ever. Pre-order The Acorn's The Pink Ghosts and Blankets! EP plus our other 2 vinyl only reissues: Andrew Vincent's I Love the Modern Way & Andy Swan's Ottawa, on our special Kelp 20 website: www.kelprecords.com/kelp20
Don't forget to check out our Kelpiversary parties in both Ottawa & Toronto!
feat. The Acorn / Jim Bryson / Evening Hymns / Andrew Vincent / Andy Shauf / Chris Page / Andy Swan / Rhume & more…
@ Horseshoe Tavern, 8:30pm // $12 at the door or on sale here
Pre-Game Warm-up:
feat. DJs: Gina Vinelli / Palm D'Or (Rolf of The Acorn) / Jonas Bonnetta (Evening Hymns) / Andrew Vincent / Pierre Pressure / Nadia (Raw Sugar) / Demon / Andy Swan
Come and get #Kelp20 pumped in this old theatre space in the Glebe!
@ Avalon Studio, 7:00pm // $5 at the door
feat The Acorn / Jim Bryson / HILOTRONS / Evening Hymns / Andrew Vincent / Chris Page / Andy Swan / Recoilers / Banditas / Rhume
@ St. Albans Church, 8:30pm // $15 on sale at Vertigo & Compact Music or hereevents, homepage, news, new_albums


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Asked what kind of government the Founders had given us, Benjamin Franklin famously quipped, �A republic, if you can keep it.� Two and a quarter centuries later � even through wars and civil strife, assassinations and terrorist attacks � we have succeeded in keeping our republic. Yet one has only to look at the history of other great republics to realize that their perennial existence is far from guaranteed. As Wendell Phillips reminded the Massachusetts Anti-Slavery Society in 1852, �Eternal vigilance is the price of liberty.�
In the vigilant defense of democracy, the public library plays a fundamental and indispensable role. Far from being merely a �house of books,� the library is a support wall in the House of Democracy. The quaint image of the library as a quiet abode of readers whose silence is enforced by the �shush� of the librarian is comically out-of-date. The shushing has given way to encouraging people to claim their voice and be heard in the democratic forum.
Nowhere is the First Amendment more routinely venerated, defended, promoted, and actualized than in our libraries, where freedom of speech and the free exchange of ideas are the sine qua non. This is where the battle against censorship is engaged without wavering and without retreat, where the playing field is leveled through equal access to information, and where bridges are built to overcome language gaps, the digital divide, and other impediments to full participation in our civic life.
Under the recent visionary leadership of head librarians Mark Contois and now Wei Jeng-Chu, the Worcester Public Library has grown and adapted as a democratic institution, enhancing and upgrading the experience for patrons across a diverse demographic. With roughly a half-million visits annually (and now with seven-day-a-week service, we are projecting a million visits system-wide), the main library is indeed a solid anchor for the downtown area � not to mention the services in Greendale; Great Brook Valley; and throughout the city by way of Libby, the mobile �Library Express�; or the extensive connections made through the Internet, by phone or text, through social media, etc.
Working with the city, our schools and colleges, the business community, social service agencies, cultural and other institutions, as well as patrons, we continually assess and adjust the resources of the library based on the needs of a broad network of users. Librarians committed to customer service, professional development, and innovative thinking, of course, make this all possible. Their work and the essential work of other dedicated staff make the library a success and ensure its continuing relevance in an ever-changing environment. Add to this the contribution made by the Friends of the Worcester Public Library (through volunteer work, fundraising, and the operation of the library bookstore and caf�) and Worcester�s library shines.
While other municipalities have decimated their libraries, Worcester�s City Council and City Manager Mike O�Brien have demonstrated wisdom and foresight in recognizing the library as a critical component of a vibrant city. I have often thought that you can take the pulse of a municipality by looking at its public library.
Thanks to outstanding leadership from our elected officials and public servants, indispensable partnerships with the colleges (Clark University, WPI, and the Mass. College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences through their PILOT contributions; and Holy Cross through its support of the Library Express), and generous gifts from foundations and donors through the Worcester Public Library Foundation, the pulse of Worcester is easily taken: The heartbeat is healthy in the heart of the commonwealth.
New challenges are on the horizon. As the city looks at promoting development of the district between The Hanover Theatre for the Performing Arts and the library, we must be careful not to injure this vital organ of civic life. The library board made the newspaper when we voted unanimously against the idea of a hockey rink taking over the library parking lot (the McGrath municipal lot). Parking is no small issue: losing or limiting our parking (or moving it two blocks away) might cause access problems that spell the library�s demise. We are asking for a more public process, and we offer the library as the site of a public hearing, a charette, so that � in the words of a wise ancient Roman legal precept � �what concerns all should be decided by all.�
The library is truly a gem in the city�s center. It brings more people into the district than any other institution. It continues to grow and adapt so that the trajectory is toward greater demand over the next few years. In any discussion about development, then, the library, including the issue of parking and easy access, must be in the foreground of the planning.
Kevin M. Dowd is president of the Worcester Public Library�s Board of Directors.


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Print, Share, or View Spanish version of this article
Inclusion describes an approach toward education that allows children who require additional educational services to receive those supports in regular classrooms with typically developing peers. The goal of inclusion is for all children with disabilities to attend school in the least restrictive environment possible while receiving the support they need to be successful.
Public law requires that to the maximum extent appropriate, children with disabilities are educated with children who do not have developmental disabilities. It also states that special classes, separate schools, or other educational placements that remove students with disabilities from the regular classroom occur only if the disability is such that education in regular classes with use of extra services cannot be satisfactorily achieved.
Special education is not a "place" but a coordinated offering of services. The most important part of learning is effective instruction, not location of the instruction. It is very important to look at your child's needs, determine the content and method of teaching, and then identify the least restrictive setting where the program can be accomplished. Children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) frequently need specialized instruction; in other words, your child should have supports based on his needs.
The most effective instruction for children with ASDs provides many opportunities for the child to practice targeted skills until he learns the skills. The most effective programs are those that measure your child's progress by collecting data on the targeted (or desired) skills so that the professionals teaching the skills know if the method is effective for your child. Data-driven programs that provide your child structure and supports and focus on the development of communication skills are the most likely to lead to success.
For some children, the least restrictive environment may involve a smaller classroom or specialized setting that provides fewer sensory distractions and is less dependent on language. You and your child's educational team will need to examine your child's needs to determine if instruction in a smaller learning environment is more comfortable for your child.
It is important to consider how information is provided about working with students with ASDs to teachers and other personnel such as cafeteria aids, bus drivers, and administrators who will be involved in the program. A positive and welcoming attitude on the part of administration is an important component to successful inclusion of students with developmental disabilities in the typical school environment. It is also important to teach classmates without disabilities how to provide an inclusive environment and be a friend to children who may have developmental disabilities. This need for peer education extends through high school.
Parents should be open to discussing questions and concerns that the school team may have in a nonjudgmental way. Open communication and following school suggestions at home are important for your child's success.
Children who have "getting ready to learn" skills are more successful in an inclusive setting. Your child may be ready if she
Pays attention to what other people pay attention to (joint attention)
Has a way to communicate wants and needs (a functional communication system)
Knows and cares that others are listening when she speaks
Shares the thoughts of her classmates
Can pay attention to instruction
Has adequate coping strategies to manage the challenges of a group setting
Is not aggressive to herself or others
Has self-help skills, such as being able to toilet herself appropriately
According to www.specialeducationadvisor.com/thoughtful-inclusion, "The bottom line is, does the inclusion of this child in the curriculum help him to learn social information about how to work well with others (e. g. problem solving, group participation, etc.) while also learning the academic information of the classroom to help the student develop functional skills for transitioning into the adult world? Because at the end of the day or the end of a child's life as a student in public education what really counts is whether he has developed skills to help him be more successful as an adult."
It is important for the family and educational team to target and teach skills that the student will need in social and academic areas to be successful with appropriate supports in the least restrictive environment. In turn, these skills are the building blocks for living and working in the community in the future.
American Academy of Pediatrics HealthyChildren.org: www.HealthyChildren.org
National Autism Center: Inclusion: www.nationalautismcenter.org/learning/inclusion.php
US Department of Education Building the Legacy: IDEA 2004: Least Restrictive Environment: http://idea.ed.gov/explore/view/p/%2Croot%2Cstatute%2CI%2CB%2C6l2%2Ca%2C5%2C
Winner MG. Thoughtful inclusion. Special Education Advisor: Special Education & IEP Advisor Web site. www.specialeducationadvisor.com/thoughtful-inclusion
Family handout from Autism: Caring for Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Resource Toolkit for Clinicians, 2nd Edition, developed by the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) Council on Children With Disabilities Autism Subcommittee (ASC).


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"The National Rifle Association of America is made up of four million moms and dads,...
National Rifle Association statement issued this afternoon:
"The National Rifle Association of America is made up of four million moms and dads, sons and daughters – and we were shocked, saddened and heartbroken by the news of the horrific and senseless murders in Newtown.
"Out of respect for the families, and as a matter of common decency, we have given time for mourning, prayer and a full investigation of the facts before commenting.
"The NRA is prepared to offer meaningful contributions to help make sure this never happens again.
"The NRA is planning to hold a major news conference in the Washington, DC area on Friday, December 21.
"Details will be released to the media at the appropriate time.''
Read or Share this story: http://on.rocne.ws/17UG0D6


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A good coffee grinder is probably the best way for you to recreate that "coffee house" taste in your own kitchen. Experts will tell you that a burr grinder is preferable to a blade grinder becuase it crushes the beans between two metal wheels as oppose to chopping them with a high speed blade. The heat involved with a blade grinder can give the beans a subtle "burnt" flavor.
Recommendation: Capresso 560 Infinity Conical Burr Coffee Grinder Review
I had a regular Capresso 555.01 Burr Grinder for the last two years, until I recently upgraded with the Infinity Conical Grinder and noticed a huge difference right away. While the traditional grinder worked well, it discharged the beans into a semi-circle shaped cup with a lid which was an absolute nightmare to clean with its weird corner angles. The side discharge also makes a mess, because when it backs up, it doesn't have gravity working for it. One of the main reasons I chose the Capresso 560 Conical Burr Coffee Grinder was the fact that the cup is round and the ground beans come into it from the top without the need for a lid, making clean up much easier. What I didn't expect was how much quieter this machine would be than the other model. The large container on top holds the beans in a pretty much air tight environment and after you pick one of the 16 settings, the grinder purrs along slowly and methodically until the unit reaches its limit and shuts off. It also has a timer that than can be set from 5 to 60 seconds. The first time I used the 560, I picked a medium setting on "fine" and could not believe how fine the coffee was. It also tasted notably stronger when I brewed it. The Capresso 650 Infinity is easy to clean up and nice enough looking to leave out on the counter. If you are looking for a burr grinder, this unit is a great bet and will probably make the biggest difference in the taste of your coffee. Although it's expensive, I would also recommend checking out the brushed chrome version, which looks really nice out on the counter, making it more practical for day to day use.
Devil's Advocate:
The one suggestion I would make to Capresso is that they made the plastic containers dishwasher safe and or provided a second container which could not cost more than a dollar. It's hard to hand wash the container, especially because of the oils from the beans.


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A new payroll tax on upper-income earners in Massachusetts would produce revenues to cover part of a gap between available funds and resources needed to maintain the state's transportation infrastructure and avoid large fare hikes, according to unions and advocates for the state's seniors, students and disabled transit riders.
A new payroll tax on upper-income earners in Massachusetts would produce revenues to cover part of a gap between available funds and resources needed to maintain the state's transportation infrastructure and avoid large fare hikes, according to unions and advocates for the state's seniors, students and disabled transit riders.
In a report released Tuesday, the groups recommended a menu of potential solutions to the transportation financing question facing lawmakers and Gov. Deval Patrick when the Legislature opens a new two-year session in January, including a new payroll tax on employers that would be applied based on employees earning over $100,000.
The payroll tax proposal is one of the first concrete ideas to be presented in advance of the Patrick administration's report on transportation financing due to the Legislature in January, and even organizers acknowledge it could be a tough sell on Beacon Hill.
Public Transit—Public Good, the author of the report, is a campaign organized by the Green Justice Coalition and convened by Community Labor United. It's made up of a coalition of unions and advocacy groups such as Massachusetts Communities Action Network, Massachusetts Senior Action Council, and On the Move.
The report also calls for the creation of a transportation infrastructure bank, which Patrick has previously proposed, and a more equitable fare structure for T riders.
Under the proposal, employers would pay to state government a percentage of the salary of workers earning more than the threshold, with the money dedicated to transportation financing. A tax of three-quarters of 1 percent would generate more that $190 million annually, enough to cover annual debt payments for the Big Dig and send $60 million a year to regional transit authorities, according to the report.
"We look forward to working together to enact a package of legislative, budgetary, and policy changes to our transit system that will ?x it, fund it, and make it fair," the report's authors wrote.
The income threshold, according to proponents, would shield lower-income workers from additional income taxes while also guaranteeing that the state's largest employers shoulder most of the burden, including major financial and professional service firms, biotech, and pharmaceutical companies.
"The payroll tax on upper-income workers is designed to bring equity to a system funded almost entirely by middle- and lower- income riders," said Richard Rogers, chair of Community Labor United and executive secretary and treasurer of the Greater Boston Labor Council.
Other regions with aging infrastructure and public transit systems have turned to payroll taxes to support transportation, including New York City where since 2009 the Metropolitan Transportation Authority has collected a dedicated 0.34 percent payroll tax from employers in the 12 surrounding counties. Oregon also taxes employers in two major "transit districts" around the cities of Portland and Eugene.
Employees in Massachusetts pay a flat 5.25 percent income withholding tax, and step increases based on income have been ruled by the courts to be unconstitutional and would require an amendment. Campaign researchers, however, say they believe their proposal is different because it would tax employers, similar to the way the state collects for unemployment insurance.
"We've looked into that and it's definitely a concern we have, but our understanding is that it's constitutionally sound," said Diana Bell, lead organizer for the Public Transit-Public Good campaign.
Patrick has suggested new revenue will likely be necessary to address the long-term financing of the state's transportation system, including roads, rails, bridges and public transit. The governor has not yet settled on a source.
"It's all on the table right now. Some I like better than others. We've tried the gas tax before and I had my head handed to me," Patrick said Monday.
Rogers acknowledged that the constitutionality of the income-tested payroll tax would likely be challenged in court, but he said the idea has been vetted by coalition attorneys.
"We're trying to offer some solutions that are progressive. They really do have to think outside the box this time and it's not something that's going to be solved by tweaking the gas tax. We're throwing something out there, and we'll take the blowback," Rogers said.
After the Legislature roundly rejected Patrick's proposal to increase the gas tax the last time transportation financing was on the agenda, administration and legislative officials have acknowledged that building support for any new revenues this time around will require reaching out to interest groups, including the business community.
The appetite among lawmakers for raising taxes also remains unclear. While some will undoubtedly support and defend new taxes as necessary to maintain and upgrade infrastructure to help the economy, in past years many have been reluctant to even approach the subject, especially during a period of slow economic growth.
Rep. Antonio Cabral, a New Bedford Democrat, said the state needed to be "smart" about revenue as he discussed the importance of extending commuter rail service to his South Coast city for economic growth. "All roads must lead to Boston," Cabral said.
Cabral said he planned to refile a bill in the coming session to impose a "green fee" on motor vehicle owners depending on what type of car or truck they own, with hybrid owners paying as little as $7.50 a year. He said the fee could generate $125 million to $175 million a year.
"Is that enough? No. I think we need more revenue than that," Cabral said at the report-release press conference.
The unions and community-based activists also called for a cap on base fares for transit services to be based on an external income index to prevent periodic and unpredictable spikes in fares, for discounted fares to be available to seniors, the disabled and youth for all transit service, and the adoption of a UPass program for college students.
The report also recommends giving transit riders representation on the various transportation boards and advisory committees, including a requirement by statute that at least one member of the MassDOT and MBTA Board be a regular rider of public transportation and one be a working member of a labor union under the Department of Transportation.
Transportation Secretary Richard Davey, who currently sits on the board, lives in Boston's Back Bay neighborhood and rides the T to work.
Davey and the Department of Transportation are currently holding a series of 16 public meetings to gather feedback for development of their transportation financing plans with hearings scheduled this week in Medford and Boston.


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By Susan Martin
Last year, the Massachusetts Historical Society received a grant to process the records of the Charitable Irish Society of Boston. Thanks to that grant, this popular collection has now been fully arranged and described, and a guide is available online.
The Charitable Irish Society, an organization that still operates today, was founded in 1737 by a group of prominent Irish businessmen in Boston to provide charitable assistance to Irish immigrants in the city. In early years this assistance consisted largely of loans and help finding work. Today the organization also provides information about employment & housing, promotes the study of Irish history, honors the contributions of the Irish, and actively engages in political issues affecting Irish Americans. Though the papers of this organization have been used by many researchers in their partially processed state since they were first given to the MHS over 30 years ago, a more thorough processing of any collection often uncovers hidden gems. The Charitable Irish Society records were no exception.
Some of the interesting discoveries include:
1. Seven years of reports (1910-1917) by immigration agent Julia C. Hayes describing specific cases of Irish immigrants, mostly girls and women, looking for work and/or relatives in the United States. Hayes met them as they disembarked at the Boston docks. Her reports describe the immigrants' home lives, their difficulties finding work, even some deportations. Here's an excerpt from Nov. 1914:
While visiting the Immigration Office the agent [that is, Hayes herself] saw an old case in the detention room, a girl who had been followed up for a time about a year ago….The girl had a bad reputation at the factory where she had been employed and had succeeded in getting herself in the newspapers. She was taken from a questionable house some weeks ago and will probably be deported as a young woman of bad character.
The reports are a fascinating slice of social history. For a great description of this port assistance program and the work of Julia C. Hayes, see American Catholic Lay Groups and Transatlantic Social Reform in the Progressive Era, by Deirdre M. Moloney (2002), p. 102-109.
2. A volume of records of the Young Catholics' Friend Society (1835-1842) containing detailed minutes and reports on the organization's work running a Sunday School for boys and distributing clothes to the poor. The volume was originally attributed to another organization, the Roman Catholic Youth's Society, but those records make up only the first few pages.
3. Papers related to the Irish potato famine, including a list of Wrentham, Mass. citizens who contributed money "for the relief of the Starving population of Ireland" (8 Mar. 1847) and a certificate appointing Captain Douglas William Parish Labalmondiere inspector under the Irish Poor Law (2 Mar. 1849), signed by George William Frederick, Earl of Clarendon.
4. Correspondence from many notable people, including Theodore Roosevelt, Henry Cabot Lodge, Herbert Hoover, Alfred E. Smith, Helen H. Taft, Franklin Roosevelt, and Leverett Saltonstall, who all wrote to the Charitable Irish Society between 1910 and 1939. One of the early record books also contains a copy of a long letter by Theodore Roosevelt (6 Nov. 1908) about the intersection of religion and politics. In it, Roosevelt writes:
I believe that this republic will endure for many centuries. If so, there will doubtless be among its Presidents Protestants and Catholics, and very probably at some time, Jews. I have consistently tried while President to act in relation to my fellow Americans of Catholic faith as I hope that any future President who happens to be a Catholic will act toward his fellow Americans of Protestant faith. Had I followed any other course I should have felt that I was unfit to represent the American people.
5. Some papers and printed matter related to Ireland's struggle for independence, including a typewritten memorandum by republican leader Eamon de Valera ordering a ceasefire after the Irish Civil War of 1922-1923. The memo, dated Sep. 1923, is written on the letterhead of the Irish Republican Army and reads, in part:
Do not let sorrow overwhelm you. Your efforts and the sacrifices of your dead comrades in this forlorn hope will surely bear fruit….Seven years of intense efforts have exhausted our people….Give them a little time and you will yet see them recover and rally again to the standard. They will then quickly discover who have been selfless and who selfish—who have spoken the truth and who falsehood.
If your interest is piqued, and you would like to view the papers in person, you can plan a visit to the MHS library during our business hours or contact our reference librarian.


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Alright, so there's this guy, Harvey Spivey, who's an efficiency expert. He lives the typical suburban life: wife, two kids, dog, minivan, self hatred. Basically, he's the total opposite of Edward Albright, a 2010 Chevy Camaro SS driving, multilingual, lethal operative. But get this: they share the same body. Whoa.
If you're thinking this sounds like a great idea for a TV show, you're not alone. It's coming to NBC this fall starring Christian Slater. Knight Rider might have some competition.
Revealed also are some more closer-up details of the new Camaro SS than those we were able to discern from the shots we saw of this very same Camaro SS on set of the new show. Check out the super thick A Pillar, blacked out grille and the centrally mounted hood scoop. [My Own Worst Enemy via Camaro Z28.com]


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Viet Nam has 16 ethnic minority groups at risk of disappearing due to diminishing populations. However, an ambitious new Government project aims to preserve the unique customs of these vanishing cultures. Trung Hieu and Phuong Lan report.
Ma Wel, a Chu Ru woman in Ma Danh Village, Lam Dong Province, and her husband are experts at making silver rings and bracelets for weddings.
But unluckily, the couple are the only ones among the Chu Ru ethnic group who know how to cast their silver rings in the traditional way.
"We have been told that the provincial authorities are planning to build a house to exhibit silver products of the Chu Ru. This will help preserve our tradition and culture," she said.
The La Hu ethnic group in the northern mountainous province of Lai Chau faces an even more serious problem. The group has only 6,000 people remaining in mountainous areas in Muong Te District. The group members are used to living a nomadic life and have few relations with other ethnic groups.
Many of their communities do not have electricity, roads, schools, healthcare facilities, markets, general information and irrigation for crops.
That is why most of them are poor and cannot speak Vietnamese, the country's national language.
Today, traditional costumes, as well as spoken languages and writing, along with customs and festivals, are being seriously eroded among many ethnic groups.
That is why the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism has recently approved a project, entitled "Emergency conservation, supporting and enhancing capacity for preservation and development of ethnic culture, eliminating harmful practices among the ethnic minority regions". The project's goal is to promote and preserve the traditional culture of 16 ethnic groups that have very small populations.
The project is focusing on 16 ethnic minority groups that have populations of less than 10,000 people, including Si La, O Du, Brau, Ro Mam, Pu Peo (each having a population of less than 1,000 people); Cong, Mang, Bo Y, Lo Lo, Co Lao and Ngai (each with less than 5,000 people); Lu, Pa Then, Chut, La Ha and La Hu (each with less than 10,000) and the ethnic communities that had to be resettled during the building of hydroelectric plants.
The project has two main targets: to increase support by the State budget to help preserve ethnic cultures, while eliminating harmful practices, obsolete customs and habits.
Hoang Duc Hau, head of the ministry's Department for Ethnic Culture, said ethnic minorities in Viet Nam, especially the groups that have populations of less than 10,000 people, have extremely difficult living conditions.
"They live mainly in remote and isolated areas, often with inaccessible roads. The rate of poor households is relatively high, so their ability to preserve and promote their traditional cultures is very limited, as many groups' traditional cultures have been worn away.
"For some ethnic groups, even their spoken languages, writing and costumes were gradually lost. That is why emergency conservation of their cultures, as well as helping to improve living conditions for them, is so urgent."
He emphasised that the project aims to help these groups from losing their cultural identities.
"The project also supports people in new resettlement areas to conserve and promote traditional cultures, rebuilding their cultural lives, enhancing their cultural enjoyment, and helping them learn more about protecting their own cultures."
Hau said the project would assess the status of cultural heritages and cultural lives of the ethnic communities that were resettled in Lao Cai, Son La, Lai Chau, Dien Bien, Quang Tri, Quang Nam, Gia Lai, and Kon Tum provinces.
In addition, the project will select a number of ethnic villages to receive funding to assist in preserving their customs and traditions, including conservation of landscape and natural environment, protecting objects with high cultural valuesuch as architecture, housing, clothing and food; and intangible culture, including customs, traditions, festivals, folk songs and dance, spoken language, writing and folk literature.
He said the project would also focus on building communities, preserving traditional villages in ethnic areas, helping local artisans who have credibility in their community so they can assume key roles in preserving and promoting their own cultures, establishing folk art and cultural clubs, organizing community cultural activities, and helping local residents maintain their festivals.
The project, to continue until 2020, is divided into two phases.
The first phase, from now until 2015, will focus on groups with a population of less than 1,000, including Si La, O Du, Brau, Ro Mam and Pu Peo, as well as people who had to be resettled for the construction of hydroelectric plants.
During this phase, authorities will work to preserve about 30 traditional villages.
The second phase, from 2015 to 2020, will focus on other ethnic groups, as 20 additional villages will be preserved.
Active participation
Province officials have also expressed their desire to actively participate in the project.
The Director of the Department of Culture, Sports and Tourism of Lao Cai Province, Tran Huu Son, said his province would focus on conservation of the Bo Y ethnic culture.
"Lao Cai Province has the Bo Y group (about 1,500 people) that benefit from the project. We made a census of the Bo Y population in all the villages, researched their cultural heritages.
"We are interested in protecting tangible cultural values, such as protecting traditional villages, including determing where villages should be located, their places of worship, as well as village regulations. We also focus on preserving traditional costumes of the Bo Y, which have their own identity and remain different from other peoples. Besides, we will find solutions to restore their spoken language, because the Bo Y language was lost about 50 years ago, and to date only some ancient writing remains."
Son said Vietnamese researchers discovered a number of cultural distinctions of the Bo Y which are very valuable.
"We are planning to make a dossier to propose that the Government recognize their cultural heritages at a national level, such as folk dance, paintings made of cut paper, folk music, and festivals such as the fire-dancing festival and village cleaning festival."
In the Tay Nguyen (Central Highlands) province of Gia Lai, Phan Xuan Vu, the director of the provincial Department of Culture, Sports and Tourism, said it is important to allow people to learn that they are the owners of their heritages.
"Immediately after the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism launched the project, our Department conducted a survey for ethnic groups and regions to benefit from the project.
"The greatest difficulty in implementation of the project is that their customs have changed, absorbing modern life, thus many traditional cultural values of the ethnic people gradually disappeared.
"To enhance the effectiveness of the project, we will continue to train grassroots cultural workers and promote communication and support to help people realize they are the owners of their heritage and are the best ones to preserve their own ethnic heritages."
Nguyen Huu Thang, director of the Department of Culture, Sports and Tourism of Quang Tri, said in recent years the province has put in place many activities to preserve the typical cultural values of ethnic minorities.
"We focus on building a new lifestyle, eliminating backwards habits, and improving the cultural enjoyment for people, as well as build community houses, provide books, newspapers and movies for people."
For ethnic residents, such as Ma Wel and her husband, their traditional cultures still have hope of being restored, but only time will tell if the project will be successful. — VNS


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Someone asked Mick Krizilonski what he thought about NBA teams potentially tanking the season in order to get a better shot at drafting someone like Jabari Parker or Andrew Wiggins. His response was peak Coach K.
"As an American, I wouldn't like to think that an American team would want to lose or create situations where you would want to lose," Krzyzewski said following Duke's 94-83 loss to Wiggins and Kansas.
"I can't even fathom — I can't go there. I can't believe that that would happen. Maybe I'm naive and I'm going to go read a fairy tale after this."
You know what else is pretty un-American, coach? Making millions and millions of dollars from the talents of unpaid laborers. Or maybe we'd just like to think that's un-American, and it's actually as American as it gets, in which case, carry on.


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As an American who never got into reality shows, I don't know much about Britain's Got Talent. I know people show off their talents in a number of different categories (when I've seen references or clips they've mainly been dancers, but there are singers too), and that Simon Cowell is on the board of judges because he's made it his mission to tongue-lash every aspiring performer on two continents.
I also know that this clip made me blub like a maniac. (They've disabled embedding but you MUST click that link.)
In a culture that values youth, wealth, and carefully-maintained femininity, this woman is like a cheat sheet for "don't take me seriously" signifiers. She's over 40, she's ungroomed, she's on the fat side, and her accent denotes low class [1]. As it turns out, she also has learning disabilities and has never been on a date. She flies in the face of what we expect out of a performer and what we, as a culture, esteem in a woman. The judges respond accordingly: they snigger and mock, and her confident posturing just makes her (in their eyes) more ridiculous, more dissonant. Dissonant because confidence and sass don't compute from a woman who falls so short of the ideal.
And then she KICKS THEIR FUCKING FACES IN.
Check out the look on Simon Cowell's face when she sings. He looks positively transported. They're all so overwhelmed they don't even taste the crow. Because as it turns out, being low-class, being older, being unfeminine, being any number of culturally downgraded things don't actually keep you from being fucking extraordinary.
Folks, we are all Susan Boyle. Fat or thin, pretty or plain, butch or femme, old or young, abled or not: people will judge us and find us wanting. You can posture all you want, out of genuine confidence or bravado; you can insist that the ideals are wrong, that the goalposts need to be moved, that rational humans can shake off the shackles of cultural expectation. You can talk big and wiggle your hips — for some people, that'll just make you more of a joke.
What makes people stop laughing — or at least, what makes you stop caring if they do? The discovery that something about you is utterly remarkable. Because it is. It might not be an angelic voice or some other showy talent. It might be humble, even difficult for others to notice. You might not know what it is yet (lord knows I don't). You don't even have to realize, right off the bat, how your remarkable qualities elevate you past any backwards beliefs about who you should be or what you should look like — apparently Boyle herself saw that clip and what she saw was "I looked like a garage" (which at least gets points for being an awfully humorous self-putdown). It's an arduous process and goodness knows we've never said otherwise. But whatever it is, once you really know it's there, once you know how much that means, a smirk from Simon won't change a damn thing — and you'll slap that smile off his face when you bust it out.
[1] Possibly. See comments.


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Grace Kelly (November 12, 1929 – September 14, 1982) was an American actress who, in April 1956, married Rainier III, Prince of Monaco, to become Princess consort of Monaco, styled as Her Serene Highness The Princess of Monaco, and commonly referred to as Princess Grace. She starred in five films, including The Country Girl, in which she gave a deglamorized, Academy Award-winning performance. She retired from acting at 26 to enter upon her duties in Monaco. (Notes from Wikepedia.) This actress is, was, whatever, so beautiful to me until I took my time to draw her. Her hair immaculate with every strand in place, her face smooth like silk with her neck adorned in pearls. She was flawless. . I'm hoping you can learn to draw from this tutorial and find it helpful. Please show you love, fav and comment. You know I like to answer back. Everyone... peace & joy to you with love!
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Aurora Milky Way Lynx. Wall Clock
Aurora Milky Way Lynx. Wall Clock
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I was reading "Upwards and downwards accumulations on trees" by Jeremy Gibbons, and it's written in the Bird-Meertens formalism (a.k.a. Squiggol) of yesteryear. Not that I have anything against people who can write and understand this stuff (in fact, I have a lot of respect for them), but for me, the inconsistent and seemingly arbitrary notation leaves something to be desired. In an attempt to understand what was actually being done, I translated most of the equations to Haskell code. If you plan on reading this paper, here's hoping I could jump-start your comprehension with this contribution.
The only real issue that I ran into while performing this translation is in the function
s_fork_sl2. The second component of the catamorphism, ((⊙ ↟ ≪) ∘ ≪²), does not have the expected type
(b, b) -> a -> (b, b) -> (b, b). After attempting to puzzle through how to unify the two, I eventually gave up and just came up with a function that seemed to do what I thought it should do,
pairs g (x, _) _ (y, _) = (g x y, x) where
g :: b -> b -> b is ⊙. But I'm not sure whether there's a bug in the definition in the paper or the one in my code. The code seems to work for a few tests. If you've already read this paper or you're at all interested in debugging Squiggol, I would be happy to learn how this works.


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Research IT (formerly Trinity Centre for High Performance Computing, TCHPC) maintains a 3-D Visualisation facility with stereoscopic capabilities.
During the last five years, the Centre has been developing a visualisation initiative to provide its users with the most advanced technology in three dimensional data representation. It has already undertaken several Scientific Visualisation projects in several areas, amongst them, Spintronics, Mechanical Engineering, Computational Chemistry and Biochemistry.
As an addition to its role as provider of support to Trinity College's Computer Graphics Research Groups, this projects have been conducted as part of the TCHPC strategy of developing visualisation expertise in the Centre.
Other goals of the centre include using HPC hardware to further the visualisation field and to promote the training of scientists in the computer visualisation field.