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Story highlights
- Do you know where this photo was taken?
- CNN will post a new photo each Monday morning and reveal the answer later that day
- The photo might be related to a recent story -- or it could just be something unusual we found
[Updated 2:30 p.m. Monday, February 11] This extravagant entrance leads to a crematorium built for Norodom Sihanouk, the Cambodian king who died in October at the age of 90.
Sihanouk reigned for more than 60 years before he abdicated in 2004 because of poor health. He was cremated last week, almost four months after his death, and many Cambodians attended his funeral procession through the capital of Phnom Penh. See video of the procession
Elizabeth Becker, the author of "When the War Was Over: Cambodia and the Khmer Rouge Revolution," told CNN after the king abdicated that Sihanouk was "larger than life" and brought both good and bad to his country. You can read more about the king's legacy in this obituary from The Guardian, which calls Sihanouk "a Cambodian patriot who lacked neither energy nor courage. He was also often a conniving, arbitrary ruler who can be accused of never allowing his country's politicians the time or the room to reach maturity."
Congrats to readers "Zant Liu" and "Raizen" for being the first to answer correctly in this week's photo challenge!
[Original post] Do you know where this photo was taken?
If you think you know the answer -- or if you just want to take a wild guess -- post it in the comments area below. Later in the day, we'll reveal where the photo was taken and give credit to those who figured it out first. (The more detail, the better!)
Each Monday morning, we'll post a new photo and challenge you to tell us its origin. The photo might be related to a prominent news story or theme -- or it might just be something that caught our eye.
Good luck!


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If you've ever watched Formula 1 then you know how intense the rate of development is on those racing cars. Every race there's new bits bolted on to the wings, cars that were slow last race now have a 0.1 second advantage over the field, and everyone on the pit wall has their face buried in a laptop monitoring and adjusting the car each lap.
For the Le Mans 24 hour race, the teams try to make their cars as fast as possible, but they also need to take into consideration issues that directly impact the driver over such a long race. One of those is how to fit a rear view mirror that is actually usable.
It may sound like simply a case of positioning a mirror inside the car, but it's not that easy. For one, the cars don't have a rear window so there's nothing to reflect. As it's a 24 hour race any mirror has to be able to give a clear view regardless of the lighting conditions outside, and ideally has to remain clear when it's raining. You also need to factor in vibration, which would make a mirror very difficult to see clearly.
Ultimately, a typical rear-view mirror does not work, so Audi came up with another hi-tech solution. For Le Mans this year the Audi R18 will use an AMOLED display hooked up to a camera on the back of the car.
The display gives a perfectly clear view of behind the car regardless of the lighting conditions. Rain will have minimal impact on what the camera sees due to its position and enclosure, and the view should remain clear even with the car vibrating.
One thing not mentioned, but may also be an advantage is the weight difference. I doubt a small, thin OLED screen will weigh more than the mirror it replaces. In fact, it may even weigh less.
If it works, then I don't see a reason not to have this as an option in our road cars. The fact it works better when it rains and can probably filter out overly bright headlights, is reason enough to start experimenting. Of course, cost may be an issue, but it always is with new tech and that's why it ends up being a feature for the luxury cars first.
Read more at Gizmag

subset: commoncrawl


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I am working on the setup and design of a store for an WP Online Store at this link http://lillistar.com.au/shop/ Have managed to start to change some design parameters but can't see how to move the top menu (menu1 I think) so it appears below the header image. Any pointers would be appreciated! Have some further questions but this is the current issue..
Awesome theme BTW!:)


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Villagers: 4 dead as commandos target trafficker
Rodrigo Abd / AP
Clara Wood Rivas, 59, whose son Antonie Brooks Symore, 14, was killed during a drug raid that appears to have mistakenly targeted civilians in a remote jungle area of Honduras, killing four riverboat passengers and injuring four others.
The Associated Press reports — AHUAS, Honduras — A fearsome rattle of gunfire from the sky. The roar of helicopters descending on a tiny, Honduran town. And the sound of commandos speaking in English as they battered down doors and detained locals in the hunt for a drug trafficker.
Rodrigo Abd / AP
An aerial view of the Mosquitia region near the remote community of Ahuas, Honduras, on May 21, 2012.
Villagers say the drug bust that left four passengers of a riverboat dead after helicopters mistakenly fired on civilians continued into the predawn hours when commandos, including Americans, raided their town.
Mexico's drug war: No sign of 'light at the end of the tunnel'
Heavily armed Honduran police in at least two helicopters landed and took off numerous times while agents searched homes and detained several people in the village on the banks of a river deep in Honduras' Mosquitia region, named for the Miskito Indians. In the end, enraged residents torched the home of the town's suspected drug trafficker in retaliation for the fatalities on the river.
Central American migrants protest targeting by Mexico gangs
The May 11 shooting and subsequent raid raises questions about what role, if any, U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration agents who were on the helicopters played in the events described by villagers. The DEA has repeatedly said its agents on the mission, which included two U.S. helicopters, acted only in an advisory role to their Honduran National Police counterparts and did not use their weapons. Read the full story.
Rodrigo Abd / AP
Clara Wood Rivas, right, accompanied by her daughter July, 18, mourns in front of the tomb of her son in Ahuas on May 22, 2012.
Rodrigo Abd / AP
Honduran soldiers patrol in Ahuas on May 22, 2012. Following the raid on May 11 Honduran police narcotics forces and men speaking English spent hours searching the small town for a suspected drug trafficker, according to villagers.
The burnt house of an alleged drug dealer know as 'El Renco', one of four homes burned after the raid. "The family and friends of the victims burned the homes because of the narcos," villager Hilaria Zavala said. "This whole mess was their fault ... because of them, we all had to pay."
Rodrigo Abd / AP
Wilmer Lucas Walter, 14, rests while recovering in a public hospital from the wounds caused during the attack. On May 11, Wilmer and more than a dozen others dove from a riverboat into the water for cover from Honduran police, who say they were hitting drug traffickers who fired first. Four died.
Rodrigo Abd / AP
A dog bites meat drying outside a house in Ahuas on May 22, 2012. Ahuas Mayor Lucio Baquedano, who said all the shooting victims were innocents, said that there is a drug trafficking cell in his town and that the number of clandestine landing strips is not only increasing, but getting closer to populated areas and putting more uninvolved people at risk.
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Reach out to the best addiction Therapists and find addiction Counselors in Yountville. Now you can connect with a trusted expert who will guide you with the help of addiction therapy and other resourceful tools. A good addiction counseling can help you build and maintain healthy relationships with others and yourself.
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text: Lloyd Willis of Rogers races the clock as he maneuvers his 2012 Mini Cooper around the .333-mile modified figure 8 pylon course at the inaugural Autocross in the Salem Walmart parking lot Sunday. The race was a new event for the Salem Super Cruise weekend thanks to the efforts of Mark and Dominic Righetti of Salem. Morning Journal/Patti Schaeffer


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Life sciences students can rent Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution online from Valore Books for one of two rental periods. Written by Kardong and published by McGraw-Hill Higher Education, this text book came out in 2011. The 6th edition featured here is superior to its predecessors; Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution used copies are cheaper here too. Get affordable deals on your copy today and learn more about vertebrates than you knew before. This is what we specialize in - providing discounted offers on many previously owned text books. Make the most of the chance to sell back anything you own on this topic too - not to mention many others. Kenneth Kardong is the author of 'Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution', published 2011 under ISBN 9780073524238 and ISBN 0073524239.[read more]
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Materials & Coatings
Coil-Coating Companies Consolidate
The unified Metal Coaters, with headquarters in Houston, TX, operates five production facilities—Rancho Cucamonga, CA; Marietta, GA; Jackson, MS; Memphis, TN; and Houston. The facilities offer a variety of coatings, including polyesters, silicone-modified polyesters, fluorocarbons and plastisols.
Metal Coaters: 281/897-7788; www.metalcoaters.com
See also: Metal Coaters
Related Enterprise Zones: Coil Handling, Materials/Coatings


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James H. Scheuer, a fiercely liberal New York congressman who for 13 terms represented districts covering parts of the Bronx, Queens, Brooklyn and Nassau County as part of a post-World War II generation of political reformers, died yesterday at his home in Washington. He was 85.
The cause was heart and kidney failure, said his wife, Emily Scheuer.
A multimillionaire real estate developer and lawyer, Mr. Scheuer made political waves in the 1964 election when he and another reform Democrat, Jonathan B. Bingham, ousted incumbent congressmen who were part of the Bronx political machine, James C. Healey and Charles A. Buckley, respectively.
Mr. Scheuer and Mr. Bingham were part of a group of reform Democrats that included Robert M. Morgenthau, Franklin D. Roosevelt Jr. and Robert F. Wagner Jr.
But it took Mr. Scheuer (pronounced SHOY-er) several attempts before he was successful in a campaign against the city's entrenched patronage system.
Mr. Scheuer arrived in Congress with a belief that government had an important role in improving Americans' lives. This philosophy shaped his legislative agenda around programs that have become part of the social landscape: Head Start for early education, environmental protection and automotive safety.
"He was an unreconstructed liberal," said George Kopp, Mr. Scheuer's former staff director.
Even as redistricting forced him to switch Congressional districts twice and contributed to a loss, he consistently pushed his issues. He played a key role in protecting the Environmental Protection Agency's regulatory powers during the Reagan administration. As chairman of the consumer protection and finance subcommittee, he also fought for seat belts and air bags against fierce resistance from automakers.
Mr. Scheuer also held that government should step out of individuals' bedrooms. He introduced a bill to repeal laws limiting the trade of contraceptives and argued that abortion was a private and not a policy matter. He once had a hundred posters printed up that said, "Someday the decision to have children will be between you, your spouse and your congressman." The photograph showed a couple sitting in their bed with Mr. Scheuer, dressed in a suit, sandwiched between them.
Mr. Scheuer lost re-election in 1972 after serving four terms in the 21st Congressional District, in the Bronx, when redistricting forced him to run against another incumbent congressman. He then switched to the 11th district in Queens, where he won the 1974 election and three more, and finally the redistricted 8th District, which covered part of Queens and Nassau County, where he served his final five terms.
Charles B. Rangel, the congressman and a close friend, once asked why a multimillionaire would fight so hard to come back and stay in the Congress when he did not need the income. "He said there was no amount of money that could compensate for the psychic income of public service," Mr. Rangel said.
Mr. Scheuer announced that he would not be running for re-election in 1992, when another population change cost New York State three Congressional seats and pushed many of incumbents into retirement.
President Clinton then appointed Mr. Scheuer to be the United States director of the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, founded to make loans to Eastern European and Asian countries and thus counter Communist influence.
James Haas Scheuer was born on Feb. 6, 1920, in his parents' home in Manhattan. His father was an investor. He received his bachelor's degree from Swarthmore College in 1942, a master's degree from Harvard Business School in 1943 and a law degree from Columbia Law School in 1948.
Mr. Scheuer, who spoke seven languages, played harmonica in a vaudeville act as a child and formed a three-man harmonica group called the Harmonicats along with the speaker of the House, Jim Wright.
He met his future wife, Emily Malino, when she was 17 and he was 22 and about to become a flight instructor in World War II. They married in 1948.
He contracted polio during their honeymoon in Italy and spent a year recovering at the Warm Springs Foundation in Georgia. He used a cane for the rest of his life.
Before moving into public office, Mr. Scheuer was president of the Renewal and Development Corporation of New York City. He sponsored urban renewal projects and middle-incoming housing developments in cities including Washington, Cleveland, St. Louis, Sacramento and San Francisco.
In addition to his wife, he is survived by two daughters, Laura Scheuer and Elizabeth Scheuer, both of New York; two sons, James Scheuer Jr., of New York, and John Scheuer, of Nyack, N.Y.; and ten grandchildren.


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For the most accurate technical information regarding features, specifications, installation and operation of your LG product, please refer to the Owner's Manual and other documents available for this product.
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MP67 Win10 driver
Screen Split is application to divide window layout for efficient management of windows with LG monitor.
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Color Cloning software matches the color quality and brightness of two monitors using your Smartphone.
To use the Color Cloning function, you must have both the PC application and Smartphone application running at the same time. To install Smart phone application, please look following steps to install Color Cloning for Android app.
1. Open the Play Store on your Smartphone. Search for "LG Color Cloning" in the Play Store.
2. Click the "Install" button.
3. After installation is finished, the LG Color Cloning icon appears in your "Applications".
* Note : If you scan the QR code on the first page of the "LG Color Cloning" Windows Application, it will open the download page of the "LG Color Cloning" Android application.
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MP77 Series: 27MP77HM, 24MP77HM, 27MP67VQ, 27MP67HQ, 24MP67VQ, 24MP67HQ
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text:
It has been more than a year since UFC president Dana White first declared that Strikeforce lightweight champion Gilbert Melendez was making the move to the Octagon.
It has been more than a year of sheer torture for Melendez and his Strikeforce counterparts that time and again thought Strikeforce had hit the end of the road and that they were going to get a shot on the biggest stage in all of mixed martial arts.
Now, however, there is finally a definitive conclusion to the Strikeforce, Showtime, UFC soap opera.
Strikeforce will run one more event, on Jan. 12 on Showtime, and that will be that. Strikeforce will then cease to exist, and the UFC will pick up many of the fighters and give them a run at the Octagon.
One of the key players to make that move is Melendez, who still holds the Strikeforce belt, but can't wait to set foot in the Octagon. And White can't wait for him and the other fighters on the roster to make the move. It's one of his greatest regrets about the Strikeforce/Showtime debacle.
"What has happened to the fighters in Strikeforce is horrible," White told MMAWeekly.com on Thursday in Las Vegas. "The way this thing went down and what's happened to these guys and these guys have been very patient. I feel sorry for what happened to them and I'm just happy that they're coming to the UFC now."
Melendez will be followed by several others, but he is the marquee fighter left under the Strikeforce banner after the UFC had already raided much of the promotion's other top-tier talent.
His patience, however, could pay off in an immediate title shot.
"He'll probably come right in and get a title shot," White said of Melendez's initial prospects in the Octagon.
White didn't guarantee the title shot, saying, "again, we'll see," but it would only make sense.
Melendez has been at the top of the heap, not only at Strikeforce, but in the world, often flip-flopping around the MMAWeekly.com World MMA Rankings top three positions in the lightweight division.
Slotting Melendez into an immediate title shot would be akin to Dan Henderson putting his Pride belts on the line when the UFC acquired the venerable Japanese fight promotion several years ago. It's the opportunity for the UFC to pull off the type of title unification fight that doesn't often present itself.
Like any championship situation, the timing will have to match up, but Melendez wants nothing more than to make his way to the UFC and prove that he is the No. 1 lightweight fighter in the world… and now it looks like he just might get the chance.
Stay tuned to MMAWeekly.com for all the latest UFC news and updates.


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Originally Posted by Wise Young:
As I have explained many times here and elsewhere, I disagree with the use of the word "scar" to describe what is happening at the spinal cord injury site. To me, scar means a fibrous collagenous tissue that is formed by fibroblasts (skin cells) to heal a cut in skin and other tissues. Normally, there are no fibroblasts in the spinal cord. Scar does form in the spinal cord when one uses a knife to cut the spinal cord and does not repair the dura afterward. The meninges do have fibroblasts but they usually do not invade into the spinal cord unless there has been a penetrating wound of the spinal cord. After contusion or compression injuries (which is what happens to a large majority of human spinal cords), there is no penetrating wound of the spinal cord and few or no fibroblasts in the spinal cord.
I know that many scientists use the word scar in their descriptions of spinal cord injuries and have made it a primary target of their research. I disagree with this use of the word and have publicly criticized the suggestion that "scar" is the main obstacle to regeneration. I believe it is an artifact of their spinal cord injury model where they cut into the spinal cord and then fail to close the dura. I think that this is why Dr. Davies and almost every scientist who use the dorsal hemisection, lateral hemisection, or transection models of spinal cord injury emphasize scar formation . When fibroblasts invade into the spinal cord, astrocytes proliferate to wall them off (because they are foreign to the central nervous system and it is the job of astrocytes to segregate the central nervous system from surrounding tissues). When this happens, I agree that scar is forming in the spinal cord and poses a significant barrier to axonal growth.
I have spent 30 years studying contusion injuries of the spinal cord. The vast majority of people with spinal cord injury have had contusions, compression, or ischemic lesions of the spinal cord. These types of injuries have little or no fibroblast invasion of the injury site. There is gliosis but these do not form physical barriers to axonal growth. In 1997, a group of 8 leading spinal cord injury centers in the United States (the Multicenter Animal Spinal Cord Injury Study) studied over 700 contused rat spinal cords (this is part of the multicenter animal spinal cord injury study). We found a majority (I believe >70%) of the contused spinal cords have a matrix of glial cells and Schwann cells at the injury center with many axons running through the middle of the injury site. Some of the spinal cords form cysts at the injury site. None had collagenous scars with fibroblasts.
The continuous and repeated use of the word "scar" is unfortunate for several reasons. First, many people with spinal cord injury think that they are not regenerating because of a "scar" in their spinal cord. They and even some surgeons think that the answer to the scar is to cut it out. Second, in my opinion, investigators are targeting the wrong culprits. Glia are not enemies of regeneration. Glia are necessary to separate the central nervous system from the surrounding tissues. There are plenty of glia in our central nervous system and they are not the reasons why axons are not regenerating. Third, there are many obstacles to regeneration, including extracellular matrix proteins called chondroitin-6-sulfate-proteoglycans (CSPG) and myelin-based inhibitors such as Nogo that block axonal growth. Cysts can block axonal growth. There is a lack of prolonged growth factor stimulation needed to sustained long distance axons regeneration. "Scar" is seldom the main obstacle to regeneration.
Please understand that I am not saying that research to assess ways to prevent or reverse "scar" in the spinal cord should not be done. If people use the word scar, I think that it should be clearly defined. Gliosis does not mean "scar". We should not be using these words interchangeably. Gliosis means an overgrowth of astrocytes. Scar is formed by fibroblasts and usually is found in skin but can occur in the spinal cord if it is cut and fibroblasts are allowed to invade into the spinal cord. I realize that people think that this is just semantics but unfortunately wrong words can lead to wrong actions.
MASCIS Study on contusion injury in rats,
• Beattie MS, Bresnahan JC, Komon J, Tovar CA, Van Meter M, Anderson DK, Faden AI, Hsu CY, Noble LJ, Salzman S and Young W (1997). Endogenous repair after spinal cord contusion injuries in the rat. Exp Neurol 148: 453-63. Department of Cell Biology, Ohio State University College of Medicine, 333 West 10th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA. Contusion injuries of the rat thoracic spinal cord were made using a standardized device developed for the Multicenter Animal Spinal Cord Injury Study (MASCIS). Lesions of different severity were studied for signs of endogenous repair at times up to 6 weeks following injury. Contusion injuries produced a typical picture of secondary damage resulting in the destruction of the cord center and the chronic sparing of a peripheral rim of fibers which varied in amount depending upon the injury magnitude. It was noted that the cavities often developed a dense cellular matrix that became partially filled with nerve fibers and associated Schwann cells. The amount of fiber and Schwann cell ingrowth was inversely related to the severity of injury and amount of peripheral fiber sparing. The source of the ingrowing fibers was not determined, but many of them clearly originated in the dorsal roots. In addition to signs of regeneration, we noted evidence for the proliferation of cells located in the ependymal zone surrounding the central canal at early times following contusion injuries. These cells may contribute to the development of cellular trabeculae that provide a scaffolding within the lesion cavity that provides the substrates for cellular infiltration and regeneration of axons. Together, these observations suggest that the endogenous reparative response to spinal contusion injury is substantial. Understanding the regulation and restrictions on the repair processes might lead to better ways in which to encourage spontaneous recovery after CNS injury.


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Obama: New jobs growth part of 'real progress'
Fri., Nov. 2, 2012
HILLIARD, Ohio (AP) — President Barack Obama is hailing another month of job growth but declaring "we've got more work to do."
Falling just four days before Tuesday's election, the government's latest employment snapshot shows U.S. employers added 171,000 jobs in October. It also shows hiring was stronger in August and September than first thought.
The unemployment rate rose to 7.9 percent in October, from 7.8 percent in September, mainly because more people began looking for work.
Obama said the job growth is part of a pattern of 'real progress' that includes a stronger auto industry, rising home values and less dependence on foreign oil.
Jobs and the economy have been the dominant issue in the remarkably close race between Obama and Republican Mitt Romney.
Obama spoke to a boisterous crowd outside Columbus, Ohio.
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Rehoboth, Massachusetts
|This article is a stub. Help us to expand it by contributing your knowledge. For county and town page guidelines, visit U.S. County Page Content Suggestions.
Rehoboth is a town in Massachusetts. It was formed in 1645 and was previously called (as Seacunk). It can be found in Bristol county and is a part of the Northern registry of deed district. For more information, contact the county at 148 R Peck St., Rehoboth 02769. On the attached map, Rehoboth is shown as 9 in Bristol county.
For information about the state of Massachusetts see Massachusetts Family History Research.


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Using Ground Blinds
Ground blinds are makeshift or temporary structures located on the ground that conceal the hunter. They're made of everything from plywood to branches.
You should situate ground blinds:
- Downwind, based on the normal wind pattern during a given time of day, such as morning
- Away from the sun
- Where the foreground and background are safest


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A powerful Ukrainian rebel leader has confirmed that pro-Russian separatists had an anti-aircraft missile of the type Washington says was used to shoot down Malaysia Airlines Flight MH17 and it could have originated in Russia.
In an interview, Vostok Battalion commander Alexander Khodakovsky acknowledged for the first time since the airliner was brought down in eastern Ukraine last week that the rebels did possess the Buk missile system and said it could have been sent back subsequently to remove proof of its presence.
Before the Malaysian plane was shot down, rebels had boasted of obtaining the Buk missiles, which can shoot down airliners at cruising height. However, since the disaster the separatists' main group, the self-proclaimed People's Republic of Donetsk, has repeatedly denied ever having possessed such weapons.
Since the airliner crashed with the loss of all 298 on board, the most contentious issue has been who fired the missile that brought the jet down in an area where government forces are fighting pro-Russian rebels.
Khodakovsky accused the Kiev authorities for provoking what may have been the missile strike that destroyed the doomed airliner, saying Kiev had deliberately launched air strikes in the area, knowing the missiles were in place.
"I knew that a Buk came from Luhansk. At the time I was told that a Buk from Luhansk was coming under the flag of the LNR," he said, referring to the Luhansk People's Republic, the main rebel group operating in Luhansk, one of two rebel provinces along with Donetsk, the province where the crash took place.
"That Buk I know about. I heard about it. I think they sent it back. Because I found out about it at exactly the moment that I found out that this tragedy had taken place. They probably sent it back in order to remove proof of its presence," Khodakovsky said on Tuesday.
"The question is this: Ukraine received timely evidence that the volunteers have this technology, through the fault of Russia. It not only did nothing to protect security, but provoked the use of this type of weapon against a plane that was flying with peaceful civilians," he said.
"They knew that this Buk existed; that the Buk was heading for Snezhnoye," he said, referring to a village 10km west of the crash site. "They knew that it would be deployed there, and provoked the use of this Buk by starting an air strike on a target they didn't need, that their planes hadn't touched for a week."
"And that day, they were intensively flying, and exactly at the moment of the shooting, at the moment the civilian plane flew overhead, they launched air strikes. Even if there was a Buk, and even if the Buk was used, Ukraine did everything to ensure that a civilian aircraft was shot down," Khodakovsky said.
Washington believes that pro-Russian separatists most likely shot down the airliner "by mistake," not realizing it was a civilian passenger flight, US intelligence officials said.
The officials said the "most plausible explanation" for the destruction of the plane was that the separatists fired a Russian-made SA-11 — also known as a Buk — missile at it after mistaking it for another kind of aircraft.
US President Barack Obama's administration has said it is convinced the airliner was brought down by an SA-11 ground-to-air missile fired from territory in eastern Ukraine controlled by pro-Russian separatists.


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Sexual harassment has become a growing problem in Egypt in recent years. Since December 2010, the multimedia initiative "Harassmap" has provided a tool that can be used by victims of harassment, the police, and NGOs. Nesrine Shibib spoke to Rebecca Chiao, women's rights activist and co-founder of the initiative
How did you come up with the idea for "Harassmap"?
Rebecca Chiao: Several years ago I was working at the Egyptian Centre for Women's Rights (ECWR), when one of the volunteers came up with the idea of adapting a mapping technology to monitor sexual harassment. The original technology had been used in disaster relief and wild life migration monitoring in Africa. However, the NGO wasn't interested. Later on, I gathered a group of friends who had worked on this issue for quite a long time. And so the idea became a project.
How can a map of sexual harassment incidents be a help to women on the streets?
Chiao: We're working with several outcomes. Women reporting to "Harassmap" receive a message listing relevant services such as legal help, self-defence-training as well as psychological help. There are a lot of people who think harassment is not a real problem and that it doesn't even exist. The map is going to help advocacy NGOs dealing with this problem.
We're also going to give the map to the police, who want to increase their activities against sexual harassment but still don't have a system for finding out exactly where the incidents tend to happen. The map will reinforce the protection of women, especially in so-called "hot spots".
We'll also reach out to communities. A number of volunteers have been recruited to talk to people with a high presence in the neighbourhood, such as shop owners. They will encourage them to be watchful about harassment and intervene. We need to break the isolation that women face in such situations.
The project's first language seems to be English; it also seems to depend largely on Facebook, Twitter and e-mails. How do you plan to reach women with an average education level and low Internet access?
Chiao: The main approach is the text message. Use of mobile phones in Egypt is very high. Official statistics indicate that 55 million people own a mobile phone. It's estimated that about half of them are women. The number increases by 10 per cent every year. The actual figure is much higher than the official one. People who don't own a mobile will use the ones available at "kushks" (Egyptian for kiosk).
We're also planning on placing stickers in public spaces like buses. Women can immediately send a report when they see the contact number in the bus.
Why is sexual harassment an issue in Egypt?
Chiao: The Egyptian Centre for Women's Rights has published a study listing the most important reasons. Sexual frustration, the economy and a late marriage age might be very relevant factors. But in my experience, sexual frustration by itself doesn't hold up. Married men and eight year old boys also harass women. Women seem to be easy targets in society, which is a new phenomenon. It wasn't like this twenty years ago.
The pressure in general has risen since then: inflation, low wages, pollution, traffic, and bureaucracy are making life hard for people. People living under pressure and oppression tend to transmit this pressure to people with less power in society, like women. Until recently, it was impossible for a woman to talk about sexual harassment. You would get isolated from your family, friends etc. You would risk your fiancé breaking up with you, or other serious consequences.
It might sound like a contradiction, but there are two factors coming from different ends of the social spectrum. On the one hand, you can observe women being portrayed as sexual objects in the media. On the other, you'll find an extreme religious influence coming from the Gulf region; this influence has been growing since the seventies and eighties.
The leaders of this movement tend to portray women as a source of sexual temptation. Meanwhile, men are portrayed as helpless victims against this "huge seductive power". They just can't help themselves.
We tried to work against this idea. One of the responses was a poster that showed one covered lollipop and one uncovered lollipop with lots of flies on it. The message was: if you don't want the flies (or men) around you, cover yourself, put the veil on! It puts all the responsibility on women and took it away from men. This doesn't correspond with mainstream religious perspectives regarding this issue, asking men and women to lower the gaze.
What do you think of the draft law the Egyptian parliament is planning to pass soon?
Chiao: They've been trying to pass this since 2008. So I'll believe it when I see it. In response to the growing public interest and the campaign that the Egyptian Centre for Women's Rights conducted while I was still working there, the Egyptian government came to us and asked for assistance in drafting the law, which we did. But after a number of objections from different NGOs on details of the law, three versions of the draft law have been circulating.
Since the draft was presented in parliament in 2008, nothing much has happened. The focus of the centre has shifted from public campaigns to advocacy. In my personal opinion, this is why the law was never passed. Every couple of months you'll find articles saying: "there is this amazing new law and it's going to change sexual harassment". But no one has ever voted on it.
Did you get to see the draft? Would it make a difference?
Chiao: A law will help. It will help create a norm. Calling sexual harassment a crime will help. But I agree with the ECWR and their criticism. The law has made harassment a crime, but in order for a woman to start the process, she needs to physically catch her harasser and bring him to the police station. This has happened a few times, but only once has a woman been successful in a trial. That was in 2008. That was great, but only ONE woman out of forty million Egyptian women. The ECWR is suggesting a draft that would allow police officers to write "harassment tickets", just like traffic tickets. People could be sanctioned immediately, they'd have to pay on the spot. But this hasn't been adapted in the draft law of the Ministry of Justice and the National Council for Women.
Any wishes for 2011?
Chiao: We hope to be able to continue. We're also hoping we'll be able to globalise. We're the first initiative in the world to implement a digital, interactive harassment map. A lot of NGOs have asked us to help them create a similar system.
We're working on a software package and a manual to be sent out to NGOs throughout the world. Lebanon, Turkey, Syria and the States were the last. In New York a campaign has already been launched successfully.
Interview conducted by Nesrine Shibib
© Qantara.de 2011
Editor: Aingeal Flanagan/Qantara.de
Sexual Harassment in Egypt
Confronting a Pressing Social Problem
According to a study, 98 percent of the foreign women and 83 percent of the Egyptian women have at some point been subject to sexual harassment in Egypt. Often the blame is placed squarely on the shoulders of the victims. Mohammed Ali Atassi reports
Interview with Nihad Abu al-Qumsan
When Sexual Harassment Becomes an Everyday Occurrence
The prominent Egyptian women rights activist Nihad Abu al-Qumsan, director of the Egyptian Centre for Women's Rights, is fighting for the passage of a law that would make sexual harassment a criminal offence. Harassment on the streets of Egypt is now occurring at an alarming rate. Nelly Youssouf spoke with Nihad Abu al-Qumsan in Cairo
Sexual Harassment in Egypt
Trying to Lift the Veil of Silence
The number of sexual assaults in Egypt has shot up in recent times, especially in Cairo. Women's organisations are taking defensive measures, but the problem is deep-seated. Katharina Goetze reports from Cairo
The ECWR and Harassmap
Click here for more information about the work of the Egyptian Centre for Women's Rights (ECWR) and here to get to the Harassmap website (Arabic only).


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Actress Tara Reid was determined to star in cult horror hit "Sharknado" after falling in love with the "ridiculous" script for the movie.
Reid stars in the made-for-TV disaster film, about a freak hurricane which dumps deadly sharks on the streets of Los Angeles, and she insists she knew she wanted the role the moment she read the "insane" plot.
She tells U.K. newspaper the Sunday Mirror, "I read it and I was laughing so hard because it was the most ridiculous movie I'd ever heard of. It was so insane."
Earlier this week, "Sharknado" producer David Latt denied rumors Reid has been axed from a planned sequel, insisting, "Tara is invited back. Honestly, I don't know where that (story) came from."


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Oneida boys golf edged by Utica Notre Dame
DURHAMVILLE >> Oneida's boys golf team is making a habit of playing close matches late in the season.
Last week coach John Zamperetti's squad beat Rome Free Academy by four strokes and Tuesday it edged Vernon-Verona-Sherrill by one. Thursday's showdown with Utica Notre Dame at Old Erie was another barnburner but this time Oneida came out on the wrong end, losing 203-206. The teams were tied after the first two groups' scores were tallied in the clubhouse and UND's Derek Roback came in with a 40 to clinch the three-stroke victory.
"You don't know it's close while you're out there," said Zamperetti. "You're in your own little world so you don't get a feeling for how it's going, so there's nothing to be nervous about.
Oneida didn't play like it was nervous at all, shooting its lowest score of the season. Again it was Ben Kallet leading the squad, shooting a one-over 37 on his home course.
"Probably the best I shot all year," the freshman said.
His score could have been even lower. On the sixth hole - a 510-yard par five - Kallet yanked his drive left and out-of-bounds. His second shot - third stroke - from the tee box was much better and he finished with a six.
While that was one birdie that could have been, Kallet did come through with two birdies for his squad. He hit an uphill put on the seventh hole for his second birdie and his first came on a 25-foot downhill putt on the second hole.
"I thought 'don't blow it 10 feet by'," said Kallet. "I was trying to get it within five feet and it turned out it went in, so that was nice."
Kallet's playing partner Tranis Kennedy also had one of his better rounds of the season, shooting a 41.
"I was getting in trouble but I did a really good job of getting out of it," said Kennedy. "I chipped well and made a lot of putts."
The rest of Zamperetti's squad also played well. Brent Kearney also broke 40 with a 49 while teammate Zack Malek shot a 43 and J.B. Herrman shot a 46. UND was just a little better, led by Mike Kalil's 35.
"I feel like we're playing pretty well right now," said Zamperetti. "We're trending downward, which is a good thing. This was the low score of the year and we got beat by a low score."
UND (5-4, 7-4): Mike Kalil 35, Matt Tennyson 43, Rory Doremus 46, Mike Tennyson 39, Derek Roback 40, Jordan Leogrande 50.
Oneida (3-6, 4-6): Ben Kallet 37, Travis Kennedy 41, Brent Kearney 39, J.B. Herrman 46, Evan Rich 48, Zack Malek 43.


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Review: "The Switch" Injects a Little Life into Tired Genre
"The Switch" tells the familiar story of Wally Mars (Jason Bateman), a man who pines for his best friend, Kassie Larson, but lacks the stones to man up and tell her. Things get interesting when she decides to have a kid via artificial insemination, and Wally seizes the opportunity to replace her donor semen with his own. But he was so drunk at the time, that it's not until years later that he meets the boy, Sebastian, and slowly comes to realize he's the father.
It's an interesting premise, a new take on the turkey-baster genre that has gone into full bloom this summer, with "The Back-Up Plan" and "The Kids Are All Right" leading the charge. "The Switch" lands somewhere between the quality of its predecessors, leaning towards "Kids" in terms of brains and heart.
One of the biggest obstacles standing between "The Switch" and full-blown success is the casting of Jennifer Aniston as Kassie. It's not that she's a bad, it's that she's cast in a supporting role that should've gone to a "smaller" actress with more comedy chops -- someone like a Kristen Wiig or a Jenna Fischer. This is Wally's story, a rom-com flipped upside-down and inside-out, in which the guy makes a desperate play by getting (her) pregnant.
The film is based on the short story "Baster" by Jeffrey Eugenides, the Pulitzer-Prize winning novelist of "Middlesex," (who has clearly been chewing on issues surrounding procreation for a long, long time). It goes without saying that this retelling is decidedly less dark than its source material.
One gets the feeling that when the film was originally called "The Baster," it was a much edgier affair, with a sharper, more insightful brand of humor. You can almost imagine the script finding its way into Aniston's hands, her loving it, the producers plotting when they learn they can get Aniston for below her usual rate and then the story getting tweaked to death to make it a "Jennifer Aniston romcom."
But with Aniston in the role of Kassie, it's hard for the viewer, the camera and script to focus on Bateman, who by all rights should be the star of the show. Add to that the fact that Aniston is probably the most over-scrutinized childless bachelorette in Hollywood. It's all too bad, because Bateman is well cast as Wally, bringing a blend of sincerity and neuroses to the role that makes him totally believable in a story that asks quite a bit of the viewer.
Jeff Goldblum is hilarious as Wally's boss/friend/confessor Leonard, a happily single ladies man with a high tolerance for drunken subordinates stopping by his apartment at all hours. His appearances throughout work as a nice palate cleanser whenever the drama gets too melo- or the treacle to thick.
Directors Josh Gordon and Will Speck get lazy at times, leaning heavily narration, time-lapse shots of New York City, or using too many close-ups to show us how serious things are. And there are a couple of glaring continuity issues as an A train somehow morphs into a 2 train and Sebastian appears to get progressively worse off long after a showdown with a bully has ended.
"The Switch" is occasionally very funny and touching, with some rarely considered musings on paternal instincts, but it ultimately falls short realizing its potential.


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Spanish Curriculum
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Spanish Curriculum
I am looking for homeschool curricula for spanish speaking people. All of the curricula that I have looked at are in English. I will be working with children in Guatemala and need everything (Reading, Writing, Arithmetic, etc) all ages.
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Materials & Coatings
Powerful Stretcher-Leveler Up and Running in Mississippi
The FerrouSouth toll-processing facility in Iuka, MS, has commissioned what it is calling the most powerful stretcher-leveler in the country. The Butech Bliss machine can produce more than 4 million pounds of stretching force to eradicate internal stress from steel sheet from 1⁄8 to ½ in. thick by 96 in. long. It's installed inline with a Herr Voss ½- by 96-in. 11-roll precision leveler.FerrouSouth: www.ferrousouth.com; Butech Bliss: www.butechbliss.com
See also: Butech Bliss
Related Enterprise Zones: Materials/Coatings


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S k a t e L o g F o r u m
Inline Skating and Quad Roller Skating
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|Fitness Skating and Training Forum Discussions about on-skate and off-skate training, hydration, sports nutrition, weight loss, injuries, sports medicine, and other topics related to training and physical fitness for skaters.
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|April 7th, 2017, 02:38 PM
Join Date: Sep 2016
Posts: 76
Cold & flu time off
I've had (twice) the cold/flu that has been widespread across the US this season and haven't exercised in almost six weeks. Yes, that bad, six weeks. I was developing a decent base of fitness and endurance prior to getting knocked off. How would you suggest getting back in the groove? I'm still coughing up phlem and my sinuses are clogged enough that my hearing is effected, but at least the muscle aches are gone. I don't want to put myself back in bed but I don't want to pussy foot around and waste training time.
|April 7th, 2017, 06:51 PM
Senior Member
Join Date: Jan 2017
Location: Fishers, IN
Posts: 106
A lot of the time all it takes is some exercise to elevate your body temperature and heavy breathing to clear out the nasal passages. Take it very easy as 6 weeks will have reduced your capacity very significantly. Your body will give you clear signals regarding your fitness so listen and react appropriately to what your body is telling you. As an example, I was sick recently. Mowing the grass I had to rest 6 times on a cool day when I can normally mow nonstop. 3 days later I was able to mow nonstop, mainly because it was misting rain on and off and I desperately wanted to get the lawn mowed, but it did not drain me too much. Did not feel it was worth the drive to skate. Feel like trying it today but expect to rest frequently.
|April 8th, 2017, 01:55 PM
Join Date: Sep 2016
Posts: 76
Thanks. I'm gonna go ahead and drive out to the trail, thinking I'll try skating 10 minutes then stop and rest for 5 whether I "need" to or not. Hoping to do several repeats so I can get maybe 40 - 50 minutes of light work done.
|April 9th, 2017, 10:21 PM
Senior Member
Join Date: Jan 2008
Location: New Orleans, Louisiana USA
Posts: 676
My take is this: A human body wants to be in motion. Take a healthy person, make them lay in bed for a week or two, and they will get sick.
This being said...take it slow and see how you feel when returning after illness. If you are healthy, you will feel better. If your body is not ready to go, you will feel bad. As for respiratory and sinus issues (not including dust-type allergies and air pollution) it is VERY important to get back to action ASAP to clear things out and increase healing circulation to all body parts.
6 weeks down is Hell. Glad you are getting back, hopefully.
2 Inline Skates, 1 Quad Skates, 4 Longboards, 3 Bicycles, 0 Cars
|April 11th, 2017, 01:11 PM
Join Date: Sep 2016
Posts: 76
I did 10 minutes ON followed by 4 minutes rest; the plan was to do 5 reps. I ended up doing 6 or 7 reps. 5 would have been plenty- wish I had only done 5. Skating was about what I thought it would be, maybe a little better. After the workout, I was much more tired than normal, that's when I really felt I was still sick. You know when you're hungry but don't have the energy to cook dinner? I will clean the mucus off my skates and go again today and stop after 5 repeats.
I was sick for more than 3 weeks, over the worst of it, then I got on a plane and picked up another bug and went through pretty much the exact same thing again. At least the second time round I had my mom making pecan pie for me so it wasn't all bad!
|May 7th, 2017, 04:54 PM
Senior Member
Join Date: Aug 2006
Location: Salt Lake City, UT USA
Posts: 1,056
Whiskey... I had suffered thru 2 long, drawn out cold virus' that hit me late last fall and then again during winter. Usually, I am one to shake off a cold. As I came to learn during January, I was contending with another issue: hyperparathyroidism, this disease effects vit D levels. Low vit D basically can knock out your body's immune defenses.
If you are getting viruses that are dragging on, and don't clear up, have your docs, at very least check vit D levels.
And, yes thru all those weeks of viral nasty I'd still go skate, ski, ride the bike, when I felt good enough to get out.
here's to good health!
From Salt Lake City where ice meets inline...
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
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text: Job Discussion Forums :: View topic - Some final advice on moving to Krakow please and thank you. Get TEFL Certified & Start Your Adventure Today! Job Discussion Forums"The Internet's Meeting Place for ESL/EFL Students and Teachers from Around the World!" FAQ Search Memberlist Usergroups Register Profile Log in to check your private messages Log in Some final advice on moving to Krakow please and thank you. Goto page 1, 2 Next Job Discussion Forums Forum Index -> Poland View previous topic :: View next topic Author Message JMarcherJoined: 08 Aug 2011Posts: 4Location: Dublin, Ireland Posted: Thu Aug 25, 2011 2:16 pm Post subject: Some final advice on moving to Krakow please and thank you. Hello, I've pretty much decided that I'm moving to Krakow. Probably by the end of September. I'm currently working for an English college in Ireland (my home country); however work is drying up as the summer ends. I've learnt almost everything I've needed to know from trawling this forum. I'm 23 and have a BA and a MA in English lit., a CELT (Irish CELTA equivalent), and some good teaching experience here in Ireland; so my plan is to start sending e mails to schools (a list of which I got from this forum) and just move over there in the mean time, with job or not, and start going door to door. What I wanted to inquire about is how to go about getting an apartment. Is it possible to do this before I leave; or will I have to stay in a hostel for awhile before I have it sorted? I fear that sites advertising apartments in English will be significantly inflated... I'm not looking for anything fancy at all, just the basics, so how much should one expect to be paying in Krakow for a relatively central apart.? I'll probably be going over with about 1600 euro, so I'd prefer to have work and home settled pretty soon. Also, I'm pretty good at not spending money (*cough* cheap-skate *cough*). Ah yes, I don't know ANY Polish... This is obviously a problem and I'm investing in a 'teach yourself' thing this week. Hardly enough to supply me with rent negotiating skills, I presume... Also, one more question (I can't resist!). Can I get enough hours from schools to support myself, or will private one-to-ones be a must? I've plenty of experience doing them, but I'd rather hold off for a few months if I could. If anyone as anything in the way of advice I would be most grateful. (Apologies for rambling) P.S. Anyone looking to get an apartment end of sept. or need a flatmate PM me! Back to top hrvatskiJoined: 16 Nov 2008Posts: 270 Posted: Thu Aug 25, 2011 7:59 pm Post subject: School starts mid-October, best time to be looking for a job is now, late September is cutting it fine. Remember to dress smart going door to door, and if you are half way normal looking put a photo on your CV. A relatively central studio apartment which is not a hovel will set you back 1100-1500zł a month. If you find a friend(s) and search for an apartment together you might end up paying 800-1100zł a month if you're lucky. If this doesn't succeed you can get a room in the 'burbs for 400-600zł a month. Use www.gumtree.pl and google.com/translate. This would be easiest done with a Polish student who could easily be convinced by 15zł/hour (put up a notice at a University). I'm sure there would be no shortage of people willing to help for free, so if you're that way inclined give it a go. If an ok school gives you around 20 contact hours a week you can support yourself, depending on your rent. Won't have much change left at the end of the month though, but who does in Poland. Back to top dynowJoined: 07 Nov 2006Posts: 1080 Posted: Thu Aug 25, 2011 8:34 pm Post subject: you sound pretty hireable. educated, young and motivated, good stuff. Wroclaw is a good choice, that was my hood for 4 years. JMarcher wrote: Quote: Is it possible to do this before I leave i wouldn't recommend it. go there and see the places for yourself. JMarcher wrote: Quote: Can I get enough hours from schools to support myself, or will private one-to-ones be a must? that is sometimes the luck of the draw, i mean, you could go there, present yourself well and have 30 lessons a week lined up right away. you never know. you seem competent, i think you'll be OK. hrvatski wrote: Quote: A relatively central studio apartment which is not a hovel will set you back 1100-1500zł a month. If you find a friend(s) and search for an apartment together you might end up paying 800-1100zł a month if you're lucky. those numbers are pretty solid. i was paying 1280zl/month for 35 sq. meters, a 10 minute walk south of the rynek, in 2007. hrvatski wrote: Quote: If an ok school gives you around 20 contact hours a week you can support yourself, depending on your rent. Won't have much change left at the end of the month though, but who does in Poland. oooh don't worry mods....i won't go there Back to top JMarcherJoined: 08 Aug 2011Posts: 4Location: Dublin, Ireland Posted: Thu Aug 25, 2011 8:55 pm Post subject: Thanks for the replies guys; I really appreciate it. Yeah I know I'm cutting it fine, but I reckon I'll get enough work somewhere, at least to begin with. Thanks hrvatski, there seems to be loads of stuff on gumtree for me to dig through in the mean time. I think I'd rather share a flat, starting out anyway, until I get some Polish (language) down. Dynow, where would you recommend I stay while a view places? I hostel I suppose? Thanks again for the info guys; it's now seeming to come together![/quote] Back to top dynowJoined: 07 Nov 2006Posts: 1080 Posted: Thu Aug 25, 2011 11:31 pm Post subject: JMarcher wrote: Quote: Dynow, where would you recommend I stay while a view places? I hostel I suppose? yeah, that's a small complication for you. well.....whereever you decide to stay when you first get there, do your best to see as much of the city as possible. you gotta stay near the center. without a car and with all the work there, you want convenience. pay the extra money. the northeast of Wroclaw, towards the zoo, has some nice suburbs but it's mostly houses so you may strike out there. i'd recommend going south of the center. if you want exact street names and such, PM me. i know plenty of people that live down there and i used to run up and down those streets. OR, if you don't want the hassle of freezing your tail off in the winter waiting for trams and buses....or if you simply prefer the convenience, live in the center. I knew a guy who lived maybe 300M north of the rynek who was paying 1800 so if you can find a roommate, 800-900zl a month with that kind of convenience, assuming the living conditions are acceptable, may be a good idea. if anything, it will help you out considerably during the first few months when you have no idea where anything is. you can always go someplace else after a year when you got the city figured out. Back to top hrvatskiJoined: 16 Nov 2008Posts: 270 Posted: Fri Aug 26, 2011 10:02 am Post subject: First time I visited Krakow in 2004 I stayed at Schronisko Młodzieżowy 'Oleandry' cause it was pretty much the cheapest. Don't know if that's still the case, but probably. Reasonably central. http://g.co/maps/32be http://www.smkrakow.pl/eng/Last edited by hrvatski on Sat Aug 27, 2011 9:43 am; edited 1 time in total Back to top sharterJoined: 25 Jun 2008Posts: 878Location: All over the place Posted: Fri Aug 26, 2011 11:22 am Post subject: erm You'll easily find digs on Polish Gumtree, other than that just go to an estate agents or look on oferty.net. Don't think 1600 Euros is much, cos it ain't. Don't work for IH, they pay you nothing. Good luck, you'll have a great time and have a super hot girlfriend very soon. Back to top dynowJoined: 07 Nov 2006Posts: 1080 Posted: Fri Aug 26, 2011 2:29 pm Post subject: i'm i smokin' something or was this thread about moving to wroclaw yesterday? maybe i misread? in that case, disregard what I said about wroclaw, obviously. tgif. Back to top JMarcherJoined: 08 Aug 2011Posts: 4Location: Dublin, Ireland Posted: Fri Aug 26, 2011 3:56 pm Post subject: Thanks guys, That hostel works out as 6 euro a night if you share a dorm, so at least I know I won't be stuck for a place to sleep... I know Poland isn't supposed to be that cheap anymore but compared to Dublin it really is! I'm currently digging through sites like gumtree, and I joined a group on couchsurfing.org called 'looking for a flat in Krakow'; I've already gotten two e mails from people looking for someone to fill a room, so I should have some viewings set up for when I arrive... Thank you everyone! Now, the barrage of job requesting emails begins! Back to top JMarcherJoined: 08 Aug 2011Posts: 4Location: Dublin, Ireland Posted: Fri Aug 26, 2011 3:59 pm Post subject: Oh, and dynow. Don't put it out on my account ; I think your advice translates across cities! Back to top delphian-domineJoined: 11 Mar 2011Posts: 674 Posted: Wed Aug 31, 2011 9:34 pm Post subject: I'd reconsider Krakow if I were you - it's full of natives trying to live there. I know a girl who owns a school there, and she's managed this year to hire 3 natives on 34zl/hour - there's just too many and not enough demand. Wroclaw is going the same way, too. Back to top sharterJoined: 25 Jun 2008Posts: 878Location: All over the place Posted: Fri Sep 02, 2011 11:42 am Post subject: yep It's the same in Poznan; teaching work is harder to find. Why is this? -Lower demand in the current climate. -Very good non-native teachers. -Loads of young Poles actually going to live in the UK. -Better English teaching in Polish secondary schools. -Drunk, scruffy native speakers giving employers 'bad experiences'. Be careful with some schools as the contracts are explicit about you not working for anyone else. Charge your privates a Zloty a minute. Get in touch with some translation agencies and proof read. Offer Cambridge exam class prep. Stick your services and phone number on lamp posts as this seems to be what they do in Poland. Shop in Biedronka because it's the cheapest super market and buy your winter jacket in Ireland as it will be cheaper. Go and see my mate Maurice in the Irish Arms and he'll set you straight and introduce you to the right people. Back to top simon_porter00Joined: 09 Nov 2005Posts: 505Location: Warsaw, Poland Posted: Fri Sep 02, 2011 7:35 pm Post subject: Or ... Come to Warsaw, work for 2/3 years and start earning over 8k a month. Even working for a school you could still pull in 6k. Back to top dynowJoined: 07 Nov 2006Posts: 1080 Posted: Tue Sep 06, 2011 9:58 am Post subject: net? if you're working 25 lessons per week, 45 minutes per lesson, 1zl NET per minute, you're at 1125 per week or 4500 per month. i've never worked in Warsaw but i can say that by my third year in Wroclaw, i landed a gig in a small school that paid me 50zl per 45 minute lesson but that was brutto. after good ole' ZUS was paid along with taxes.....well.....you know. with ZUS at around 900/month and taxes at what.....geeze....i'm forgetting now......19%?........lemme see: 60zl for a 45 minute lesson, 25 lessons per week is 6000 so if you're freelancing, taxes knock you down to 4860, minus ZUS gives you 3960. in order to net 6000 in a month working for a school, with taxes at 19% and ZUS at 900, you'd have to be getting paid 85zl brutto per 45 minute lesson, nearly 2zl per minute. if you're on a work permit and the school is paying for your ZUS and your taxes, they'd still have to be paying you 60zl NET per 45 minute lesson to hit 6K based on a 25 lesson week. i've never worked in warsaw so who knows......but 6K working for a school in Wroclaw seems impossible. Back to top sparksJoined: 20 Feb 2008Posts: 630 Posted: Tue Sep 06, 2011 11:21 am Post subject: It's quite possible to get 100 zl. for 60 min. in Warsaw--obviously not through a school but under the table. If you like to do paperwork and pay taxes you can probably charge more by invoicing companies. Finding them and dealing with them may be more hassle. Easiest is to work for a school for a year or two and then just offer your one-to-ones (the ones that pay for lessons themselves) private classes. It may be against school policy but who cares. I've had countless students from schools come to me with this idea. This works better than gumtree and other sites because the students on those will probably want to pay around 50-60 zl max. for an hour. If you get the ones from schools, they're used to paying more. Just keep it on the DL. Back to top Display posts from previous: All Posts1 Day7 Days2 Weeks1 Month3 Months6 Months1 Year Oldest FirstNewest First Job Discussion Forums Forum Index -> Poland All times are GMTGoto page 1, 2 Next Page 1 of 2 Jump to: Select a forum Where to Begin----------------General DiscussionNewbie ForumCurrent Events ForumTechnology ForumOnline Teaching Forum Africa Forums----------------General Africa Forum Asia Forums----------------CambodiaChina (Job-related Posts Only)China (Off-Topic)Hong KongIndiaIndonesiaJapanMalaysiaPhilippinesSingaporeTaiwanThailandGeneral Asia ForumVietnam Caribbean Forums----------------General Caribbean Forum Europe Forums----------------Czech RepublicFranceGermanyGreeceItalyMacedonia and the BalkansPolandRomaniaRussia & C.I.S.SpainTurkeyUkraineUnited KingdomGeneral Europe Forum Latin America Forums----------------ArgentinaBrazilChileColombiaCosta RicaMexicoMexico (off-topic)PeruGeneral Latin America Forum The Middle East Forums----------------BahrainEgyptIsraelKuwaitOmanQatarSaudi ArabiaUnited Arab EmiratesGeneral Middle East Forum North America Forums----------------General North America Forum Oceania----------------Australia/New Zealand You cannot post new topics in this forumYou cannot reply to topics in this forumYou cannot edit your posts in this forumYou cannot delete your posts in this forumYou cannot vote in polls in this forum This page is maintained by the one and only Dave Sperling. 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Queen Azshara might be one of the best-hidden characters in WoW lore. Her time of action came long before Warcraft I, she's never been seen in any of the games, and the only reference to her lies in the nearly abandoned wasteland that used to be her palace -- Azshara.
But she's still out there, and one of these days Blizzard's going to run out of ideas and make that underwater instance that everyone but warlocks is dreading, and we'll have to fight her. And her tentacles. So on that future day, between the endless chain pulls of level 92 elite murlocs, you can read this and know who you're getting ready to wipe to.
And by the way, the censored picture is from an official Warcraft RPG manual. Apparently octupi don't like wearing tops, even while posing for portraits. The pic links to the uncensored image.
Who: Queen Azshara of the Kal'dorei, Empress of Nazjatar, the Light of Lights, Vision of Perfection, Glory of Our People, Daughter of the Moon, Flower of Life ... and it goes on like this. As you might have guessed, Azshara was not lacking in the ego department.
What: Formerly a night elf, now a naga-like thing.
History: Thousands and thousands of years before Medivh opened the Dark Portal and let in hundreds of arguments about whether the Horde is really evil, the most advanced civilization on Azeroth was that of the Kal'dorei, or night elves. They were split into two social classes: the common Kal'dorei, and the elite, magic-using Highborne, or Quel'dorei. The Kal'dorei were deeply jealous of the Quel'dorei, envying their social status and magical powers. But the one uniting factor between the Kal'dorei and Quel'dorei was their love of their queen, Azshara.


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We came to a cross street with a bed and breakfast on each side. A wedding was taking place at the inn on the left and there was quite a crowd watching the bride and groom. We inched on through the intersection and then we saw our destination…..Belle of the Bends. DH turned into the drive and entered the code our hostess had given him earlier. The gate slowly swung open and we inched through the iron gate and slowly rolled down the drive. On one side was a beautiful hedge and on the other was a bank blanketed with the prettiest green vine that was so thick you couldn't see the ground underneath. We parked at the back and before we could take a step or two Mary, our hostess, was already walking towards us with her arm outstretched to shake our hands.
The back garden was simply lovely. The first thing we noticed was the largest Crepe Myrtle we had ever seen surrounded by the most intriguing green plant with brownish rust streaks. Later I discovered the plant surrounding the Crepe Myrtle is called Ironwood and the Crepe Myrtle is over 160 years old! This image is a close up of the trunk of the Crepe Myrtle.
Small hedges…perhaps Boxwoods…along with brick pavers formed crossing paths in the back along with a bird bath filled with Petunias and a lovely "Bird Girl" statue from Midnight in the Garden of Good and Evil fame. The back garden has simply too many wonderful finds for me to mention here, and I did not have time or storage space on my phone camera to take as many pictures as I wanted to but it was simply wonderful to walk the brick paved paths.
A brochure I picked up in the house advises the following:
*the house was built in 1876 by Mississippi State Senator Murray F. Smith and his wife Kate, and is a very fine example of Victorian Italianate Architecture
*the house originally looked out over the Mississippi River, however during the same year the house was built the Mississippi eroded through DeSoto Peninsula and cut a huge channel during a flood, and this totally diverted the huge flow of the Mississippi away from the port of Vicksburg. Residents woke one morning to find their river gone. Can you imagine? Another amazing fact about the Mississippi is in 1812 an earthquake called the New Madrid (after the faultline) Earthquake was so strong it caused the river to flow backwards for a time. Some folks get these two events confused, so that's why I mention it here. It took several years for the Corp of Engineers to complete a canal so that the Yazoo River could be diverted down the old Mississippi River bed connecting the port of Vickburg to the great river.
Belle of the Bends is an American treasure and they are truly blessed by God to be her caretakers. It was simply the most amazing place to make our headquarters as we walked in history's footprints over Mother's Day weekend.


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The only current treatment for these allergies is to avoid all traces of soy and legumes and products that may contain them. If your allergic child (or you) eats soy or legumes with a known allergy, the drug epinephrine (adrenaline) will be needed to halt the reaction.
But using the epinephrine auto-injector is an emergency situation only, it's not a treatment.
This is why "avoidance" is the operative word for managing a soy or legume allergy. However, this isn't as simple or easy as that one word suggests.
Soy is found in many packaged food products. You may see it listed in the ingredients as "soy", "soy lecithin", "soyabean oil" or even "hydrolyzed plant protein" (which is often from soy). Soy is a cheap and easy binder, filler and preservative in packaged food products, so it's very common to find it in crackers, breads, cookies and other foods that have already been prepared.
However, since soy is one of the most common allergens in Canada and the United States, some companies are catching on and are starting to avoid using soy products. However, caution must still be used while shopping because it is unlikely you will find a "soy-free" logo like you might for "peanut-free" on some packaged foods.
Other legumes like beans, peas, chickpeas and lentils are little bit easier to manage. However, they do present their own challenges. Chickpeas are the main component of hummus and hummus can be used not only as a dip on its own but in sauces as well.
If you have a soy allergy, Asian restaurants are off-limits because it is a staple in their cuisine. However, don't let this discourage you from re-creating traditional Asian dishes minus the legumes. For example, you can create an equally good stir-fry with broccoli, chicken and rice instead of bean sprouts and peas.
Hand-Washing: When your child (or you) has a soybean or another plant from the legume familly, soap and water are your best friends. Hands should be washed thoroughly before and after eating. If you have a school-aged child, ensure he (or she) is able to wash his hands before snacks and lunch. With younger children, schools usually adopt an allergy protocol of washing hands among all children after eating.
Cross-Contamination: It's important to make sure soy or legumes and any products that contain them don't come in contact with the food you are eating. That means thoroughly cleaning utensils and kitchen equipment after use. For example, if someone uses a spoon to take out some hummus in a bowl, make sure you do not use the same spoon for your own food.
When there is a child or adult with a soy or legume allergy in the household, many families choose to eliminate the allergens from the house. This is a personal preference and will depend in part on your family's ability to be vigilant about keeping the allergic person safe.
Label reading: Whenever you eat a packaged food, you need to read the label in its entirety to check for any mention of peanut. Sometimes, soy (more so than other legumes) can have different names or can be hidden as an ingredient within a manufactured food. You also have to look for precautionary statements on package labels, such as "May Contain Soy."
The better news is that food labeling in both Canada and the United States has improved considerably in the past few years, especially for the Top Ten food triggers. For more information on what you need to know when reading product labels, please view Label Aware.
One thing to be cautious of with soy allergy: imported foods. Not all countries have the stringent labeling requirements of Canada, the United States and the European Union. Don't take chances if you suspect soy could be an ingredient of an import.
Speak Up About Food: With food allergies, you have to ask questions and get over shyness when someone else wants to serve food to you or your child with this allergy.
We teach kids to respect adults and authority, but with an allergic child, it's important to teach them not to eat foods that others offer – unless mom or dad has pre-approved or (when they're older) unless they're sure of the ingredients. For adults, get over embarrassment; be certain to ask about ingredients, and learn to do this an efficient, confident manner.
See: Caution: Relatives Ahead
At School: For a parent of a child with soy or legume allergies, sending them off to school can be a time of anxiousness. While soy is on the top 10 list of allergens, it's unlikely you will find schools restricting soy or soy milk in a class – nor asking other parents to please not send kids to school with hummus.
It's important to communicate clearly and calmly with your child's teacher and the principal, and to create an anaphylaxis emergency plan (also called a food allergy action plan) to protect your child. Also ensure that the teacher (and other staff e.g. a coach) is receiving at least annual training on using an epinephrine auto-injector and that he or she knows where your child's "pen" is kept.
Become familiar with the anaphylaxis policy or law in your province or state and use it to develop a plan tailored to your child. Be sure your allergic child knows not to share food with peers and not to take food from anyone, including the teacher, unless you've said it's OK.
At a restaurant: Dining out with a soy or legume allergy may seem daunting at first, but it is possible to do so safely and enjoyably. First, find a restaurant you trust. Call ahead to ask the manager or chef about menu items and how they handle pans and utensils in the kitchen to avoid cross-contamination. If he or she is unable to answer your questions, don't eat there.
When you arrive at the restaurant, tell your server directly of your serious soy or legume allergy and discuss menu items that will be safe to eat. If you don't feel he or she is able to answer your questions properly, ask to speak to the chef or the manager. Be mindful of particularly risky foods: sauces, pre-packaged baked products, breads, salad dressing and items that may be cooked in soyabean oil. And remember: when in doubt, don't eat it.
Be prepared: Make it a rule – no epinephrine auto-injector means no food. While you'll do everything to make sure you're not eating soy or legumes, accidents happen. Make sure you always have your auto-injector on you when you eat, in case of an emergency. If your child is allergic, make sure this rule is one he or she takes seriously.
Educating Others: In order to successfully manage a soy or legume allergy, those around you/your child need to be aware of the allergy and the serious consequences that could result from eating them.
Plan what you'll say to others to explain this condition. Be calm, clear about the information and keep the conversation based on facts. Politely request that they help you keep yourself or your child safe. You'll often find that once a person understands about food allergies and anaphylaxis, they'll be more than willing to help out. Be mindful that there is a learning curve, and don't expect people who don't live with peanut allergy to absorb it all as quickly as you have.


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PARIS, France — Naomi Campbell not only owns the clothes she wears, but by her sheer magnetic presence commands the entire runway when she walks it. Donatella Versace knows this well, casting the age-defying 43-year-old to start Paris haute couture week with a bang of indomitable energy.
It was a hard act to follow.
Monday, the first of three full days of collections, showcased a universe of divergent and notable styles: From Dutch wunderkind Iris Van Herpen's organic musings to the supreme elegance of Christian Lacroix's one-off ode to the late, great designer Elsa Schiaparelli.
Meanwhile, Christian Dior's Raf Simons broke through the walls of Avenue Montaigne to send the fashion house on a journey across the four corners of the globe: From the purity of Asia to the bold Americas to the bright stripes and patterns of Africa's Masai, with a dash of Europe's dainty-waisted "Parisienne."
Images projected on the make-shift show walls inside Paris' Invalides summed up the show's message: A carpeted salon of Dior's Right Bank headquarters fused into scenes of exotic red flowers and images of black and Asian models. In other words, with one full year as creative director under his belt, Simons has found the confidence to go beyond the weighty heritage of the 70-year-old house codes and explore his own visions.
While the iconic bar jacket popped up in one belted gray wool outfit, its several peplum flaps mirrored the layers of a Japanese kimono.
Elsewhere, looks fully embracing the East were pulled off with panache, such as one off-white silk coat with stiff upturned collar, long front flaps and an incredible jutting back piece. All the looks were supremely feminine.
But while all of the globe-trotting turned this show into one of Simons' most creative, the 53 looks were so diverse that it also was his hardest to make sense of. The brightly-colored Masai looks, for example, were sometimes so bright they jarred.
Still, there were plenty of bold new explorations. Next season, a more focused vision might help sharpen these great fashion ideas.
There were awed gasps from A-lister Uma Thurman on Sunday night when the panther-like Campbell steamed past to open the Atelier Versace show in strong-shouldered micro-sequin black jacket held together revealingly just by hooks and eyes covered in Swarovski crystals.
The rest of the fall-winter 2013 show was equally extreme.
Versace made some provocative statements with front panels of dresses flapping down with white crystals to expose the bustier, as if the "Glamazon" model had been interrupted midway through her strip-tease. One dress embroidered with blue and black sequins was so long it had a six-foot woman hobbling and nearly tripping all the way down the catwalk.
But among all the wanton razzmatazz, several of the looks were highly wearable and combined Versace's exuberance with some fine tailoring.
Shoe hats, lobster dresses, and spiraling goggle glasses could easily be part of a closet inventory belonging to Lady Gaga. But these objects were all spawned from the mind of another woman, one born in 1890: the avant-garde Elsa Schiaparelli.
The house of the influential fashion designer is being revived this year, and Monday saw famed couturier Christian Lacroix rise to the challenge of creating 18 dresses for a presentation entitled "Homage to Elsa."
It was a sumptuous display.
One dress called "Signature," in luxuriant navy wool crepe and satin piping, sported large pockets in midnight blue faille that formed an imaginative peplum. Elsewhere, there was a timeless black chiffon gown with a feathered front with a straight white satin bow and queenly gold collar.
Wild nature was in the spotlight for Dutch wunderkind Iris Van Herpen, who produced a typically organic-infused couture display for fall-winter.
The show venue — among the pillared architecture of the neoclassical science museum — lent itself well to explorations of organisms and exoskeletons that ran through the 11 creations.
The twist this season was a neat fusion with Japanese styles. That featured nicely, for example, on a bronze kimono dress with round, large arms in the shape of a moth. Here, scratched detailing evoked the feeling of a perforated cocoon.
The piece de resistance had to be an incredible oval dark gray mini dress that, in its intricate hard ruffles, teaming sinews and un-human shape, looked like a work of abstract sculpture.
By: Thomas Adamson
Copyright (2013) Associated Press. All rights reserved.


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The winners of the Penn State University Libraries' 2014 Outstanding Undergraduate Thesis awards have been announced. Top winner of the $1,250 award is Chloe Quinn Weaver, history and German, for her thesis "An Economic and Historical Analysis of Turkish Guest Worker Migration to Postwar West Germany."
Natalie Roberts, history and political science, was awarded $750 for her thesis "History of Organic Farming in California and Pennsylvania." Ronald Paul Mack Jr., kinesiology, was awarded $500 for his thesis "Marginal Zinc Intake Impairs Mammary Gland Involution, Increases Oxidative Stress and Disrupts Ductal Integrity Abrogating the Protective Effect of Lactation on Breast Tumorigenesis in a Mouse Model."
The annual competition, coordinated by Endowed/Distinguished Chairs/Librarians, includes a review of the submitted theses by a faculty jury and a public oral presentation by the students chosen as finalists. It provides an opportunity to fully appreciate the academic quality of Penn State students and the depth of their undergraduate research.
This year's panel of judges included Diane Zabel, chair and the Louis and Virginia Benzak Business Librarian; Bill Brockman, Paterno Family Librarian for Literature; Bonnie Osif, engineering librarian; Deryck Holdsworth, professor of geography; and Surojit Sarkar, assistant professor of immunology.
Barbara I. Dewey, dean of University Libraries and Scholarly Communications, explained, "The Libraries initiated this award as a way to emphasize the importance of utilizing quality research methods and employing a thorough understanding of the legal and ethical issues related to the use of information -- both key components of academic excellence. Through this award, the University Libraries with the Schreyer Honors College seek to encourage excellence in the research process of locating, evaluating, and utilizing appropriate scholarly resources."
More information about the award and last year's winners is online.
For more information, contact Sandy Confer at email@example.com or 814-863-4723.


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With the most gracious help and guidance of Dr Patricia Por, National Coordinator, Malaysia , 23 pilgrims of the meditation community from Hong Kong led by Fr Sean Dwan,went to a week long pilgrimage from Aug 9-15 to Malaysia where Christian Meditation took root there. All were amazed and felt it a blessing to meditate at the Temple of the Universal Temple where Fr John Main used to meditate with the Swami Satyanada. Every single day in Penang, Ipoh, Malacca and Kuala Lumpur we received royal welcome from the local meditators -- we celebrated Mass, meditated, dined and had fellowship together. One of the most memorable and moving highlights of the pilgrimage was on Day 4 when we visited the Temple of the Universal Spirit and had chance to communicate with Mother Mangalam, the successor of the Hindu Guru Satyananda who first introduced Christian meditation to Fr John Main. Mother remembered vividly how Fr John made his way up to narrow steps leading to the temple.
View slide shows of the seven days' pilgrimage.
Day 1 Slide show
Day 1 Slide show
Day 3 Slide show
Day 4 Slide show
Day 5 Slide show
Day 6 Slide show
Day 7 Slide show
Summary Slide show


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On June 20, 2011, the Supreme Court issued its opinion in Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. v. Dukes, reversing a Court of Appeals decision that had affirmed certification of a nationwide class of 1.5 million female employees in a gender discrimination suit against Wal-Mart. In a 5-4 decision, the Court held that class certification was improper because the named plaintiffs failed to satisfy the commonality requirement of Rule 23(a)(2) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. In addition, a unanimous Court found that the plaintiffs' claims for individualized monetary damages were improperly certified for class treatment under Rule 23(b)(2). In many cases—particularly in the employment context—the Wal-Mart decision will likely make it more difficult for plaintiffs to demonstrate common issues of law or fact necessary to obtain class certification. The Court's holding, in turn, should provide employers with powerful ammunition to thwart hosts of unwarranted class action lawsuits when the named plaintiffs and their counsel seek to force large settlements.
Three female employees sued Wal-Mart for allegedly violating Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 by denying them equal pay or promotions on the basis of their sex. The plaintiffs claimed that Wal-Mart's practice of permitting local managers to exercise broad subjective discretion in making employment decisions had a disparate impact upon female employees' ability to receive pay raises and promotions. Wal-Mart allegedly had a "corporate culture" that tolerated gender bias, and it had failed to stop its local managers from exercising their discretion in a way that disproportionately favored men. The named plaintiffs sought to represent all female Wal-Mart employees in a nationwide class action to obtain declaratory relief, punitive damages, and backpay.
Rule 23 provides that a party seeking certification must satisfy all of the requirements of Rule 23(a) and one of three requirements of Rule 23(b). To satisfy Rule 23(a)(2)'s requirement of "questions of law or fact common to the class," the plaintiffs relied on statistical evidence, anecdotal reports, and expert testimony to support their contention that Wal-Mart systematically violated Title VII in its treatment of women. Wal-Mart challenged whether the plaintiffs' evidence satisfied the commonality requirement.
Wal-Mart also argued that it had not "acted or refused to act on grounds that apply generally to the class, so that final injunctive relief or corresponding declaratory relief is appropriate respecting the class as a whole" under Rule 23(b)(2). Wal-Mart insisted that plaintiffs cannot rely on Rule 23(b)(2) as a hook justifying class treatment because the plaintiffs sought monetary damages in the form of backpay, while Rule 23(b)(2) applies only to declaratory and injunctive relief.
The federal district court certified a class under Rule 23, and the Ninth Circuit affirmed. The appeals court reasoned that (1) plaintiffs' evidence raised a common question of whether Wal-Mart's female employees were subjected to a nationwide discriminatory policy, and (2) certification under Rule 23(b)(2) was appropriate because the plaintiffs' backpay claims did not predominate over their claims for declaratory and injunctive relief. Wal-Mart appealed the Ninth Circuit's ruling to the Supreme Court.
The Supreme Court's Opinion
In an opinion by Justice Scalia, the Supreme Court reversed the Ninth Circuit, finding that class certification was improper for two reasons:
First, in a 5-4 decision, the Court concluded that plaintiffs had failed to satisfy Rule 23(a)(2)'s commonality requirement that there be "questions of law or fact common to the class." Relying on its own precedent applying the commonality requirement in the employment context, the Court found that plaintiffs did not provide the required "significant proof" that Wal-Mart "operated under a general policy of discrimination." The only evidence that plaintiffs offered to demonstrate that Wal-Mart had a company-wide discriminatory policy was a sociological expert's testimony that Wal-Mart's culture made it "vulnerable" to gender bias. The expert, however, was unable to say what percentage of employment decisions were influenced by gender bias. Moreover, the Court strongly suggested that the district court should have applied Daubert to determine whether the expert's testimony was admissible at the class certification stage. The only policy that plaintiffs demonstrated successfully was that Wal-Mart empowered its local managers with considerable discretion over employment decisions. The Court explained that this kind of policy was ill-suited for class treatment because "demonstrating the invalidity of one manager's use of discretion will do nothing to demonstrate the invalidity of another's." Because plaintiffs did not identify a common, company-wide method of exercising discretion, they could not satisfy the commonality requirement.
Second, the Court unanimously concluded that plaintiffs could not seek backpay in a class certified under Rule 23(b)(2). By its express terms, Rule 23(b)(2) permits class treatment in cases where class injunctive or declaratory relief is appropriate. The Court held that Rule 23(b)(2) does not authorize class certification in a situation that would involve individual awards of monetary damages. Plaintiffs had argued that they could rely on Rule 23(b)(2) because their claims for backpay did not predominate over their requests for injunctive and declaratory relief. The Court, however, rejected the plaintiffs' argument and held that claims for individualized monetary damages should ordinarily rely on Rule 23(b)(3)—a provision allowing class treatment where common questions of law or fact predominate over questions affecting individual members—rather than Rule 23(b)(2). The Court left open whether claims for monetary relief can be certified under Rule 23(b)(2) if those claims are "incidental" to requested injunctive or declaratory relief. The Court also rejected the Court of Appeals' suggestion that the claims for backpay could be handled through a sampling process, stressing that a case should not be certified as a class where doing so would abridge defendants' substantive right to defend each individual plaintiff's claim.
Implications of the Decision
The Supreme Court's decision in Wal-Mart will make it more difficult for plaintiffs seeking to obtain class certification. The effect of Wal-Mart will likely be particularly strong in employment discrimination lawsuits and should avoid a dramatic expansion of circumstances in which class certification is appropriate in employment discrimination cases. It is insufficient for plaintiffs merely to demonstrate that class members have suffered a disparate impact without providing evidence that a specifically identified company-wide policy caused a disparate impact upon a protected class of employees.
In large companies with decentralized facilities in many states, employers are encouraged to ensure that they conduct periodic audits of their anti-discrimination policies and procedures to avoid potential employment discrimination class action lawsuits, including, without limitation, (i) hiring, pay, promotion and discharge audits; (ii) effective regional and local management and employee anti-discrimination and diversity training; and (iii) effective employee "hotlines" or other reporting mechanisms that give employees the opportunity to report to corporate human resources any alleged discrimination or harassment in the workplace.
More generally, Wal-Mart will also be useful to defendants seeking to oppose class certification in other contexts. The Court's suggestion that Daubert applies to expert testimony offered at the class certification stage should help class action defendants persuade district court judges to evaluate the reliability of expert testimony offered in support of class certification. The Court's unanimous holding that plaintiffs could not rely on Rule 23(b)(2) to seek individualized backpay damages should help curtail the increasingly common practice of class action plaintiffs attempting to avoid the demanding Rule 23(b)(3) predominance requirement by coupling a damages claim with a claim for injunctive relief in an effort to certify a class under Rule 23(b)(2). While the Court stopped short of holding that a case seeking damages can never be certified under Rule 23(b)(2), the opinion seems hostile to the idea.
For more information on the firm's Class Action practice or Labor and Employment practice, please contact one of the attorneys listed below:
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I'm a husband to my best friend, Lindsay. She fills in all my enormous flaws. She loves unconditionally and forgives a lot. She's amazing. She is truly amazing.
I'm a dad to two amazing kids. I am settling into dadhood, but I need a lot of work. I need to listen more. I need to be more patient. I need to spend as much time with them as possible.
I am an engineer of student experiences in cultures. Okay, I teach 6th grade social studies. It makes me come alive. I teach using Interactive Notebooks and am 1:1 with Chromebooks. I bridge the gap between analog and digital. I answer questions with questions. I want to have a positive impact on the youth of today.
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