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Photographing Stars with a Rocket (Nov, 1929)
No, this article is not about a particularly ambitious band of paparazzi.
Photographing Stars with a Rocket
WILL science ever be able to take photographs of the spectra of the sun and other stars with cameras far outside the range of the earth's atmosphere? Speculation on this possibility has been renewed by the recent experiments of Prof. Robert H. Goddard, of Worcester, Mass., in launching rockets of his own design powered with a secret liquid propellant which he invented.
Contrary to popular belief, Prof. Goddard has no intention of occupying one of his rockets on a fantastic journey to the moon. As pointed out by Dr. C. G. Abbott, secretary of the Smithsonian Institute, a close friend of Professor Goddard, the professor's experiments are directed toward a scientific exploration of the upper heavens at distances now far beyond the reach of man.
Spectra of stars and other heavenly bodies are now shut off from human observation by stratas of ozone many miles up. If one day a Goddard rocket is able to penetrate that layer and climb above it, it would probably be possible to take automatic photos of the spectra of the celestial system, a feat now impossible. The layer of atmosphere surrounding the earth, estimated to extend to a height of 45 miles, acts very much like a hazy curtain drawn over the lenses of astronomers' telescopes.
The greatest distance yet penetrated into the atmosphere is 22 miles, attained by sounding balloons of weather bureaus carrying instruments to study the upper air. Strict secrecy surrounds the distances penetrated by Prof. Goddard's rockets. His latest experiments caused a sensation around Worcester, where a group of villagers in the neighborhood of Goddard's experiment station observed what appeared to be a flaming meteor which hurtled through space at breath-taking gait, lighting up the landscape and finally bursting with a thunderous roar.
To propel a rocket to great heights, Prof. Goddard now realizes that a fuel with high energy content, such as hydrogen mixed in careful combination with oxygen, is what is required. For several years he experimented with smokeless powder.


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Intellectual Property, Copyright, Patent Trademark Lawyers
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About the Intellectual Property, Trademarks, Copyright, Patents Laws
Black's Law Dictionary defines "intellectual property" as "(a) category of intangible rights protecting
Commercially valuable products of the human intellect. The category comprises primarily trademark, Copyright, and Patent rights, but also includes trade secret rights, publicity rights, moral rights, and rights against unfair competition."
What are the applicable laws to the Intellectual Property, Trademarks, Copyright, Patents Sector?
The major forms of intellectual property are trademarks, copyright, and patents. However, with the rise in the complexities of human transactions, a need for better regulatory framework which led to some legislations, some of which are:
The following laws have been enacted to protect newly recognized species of intellectual property in India:
- The Geographical Indications of Goods (Registration and protection) Act, 1999;
- The Semiconductor Integrated Circuits Layout- Design Act, 2000;
- The Protection of Plants & Varieties and Farmers Rights Act, 2001; and
- The Biological Diversity Act, 2002
As per Black's Law Dictionary, Trademark refers to a distinctive mark, motto, device, or emblem, which a manufacturer stamps, prints, or otherwise affixes to the goods he produces, so that they may be identified in the market, and their origin be vouched for.
In India, trademarks are secured both under statutory law and common law. The Trade and Stock Marks Act, 1940 ("TM Act, 1940") was the primary law in such manner in India, which was supplanted later by the TM Act, 1958. The Trade Marks Act, 1999 ("TM Act") - which has supplanted the TM Act, 1958 - became effective on September 15, 2003also, is in consistence with the TRIPS commitments. The TM Act takes into consideration the enrolment of administration marks and three-dimensional marks also. India takes after the NICE Classification of goods and services, which is fused in the Schedule to the Rules under the TM Act.1 A Trade Marks Registry had been set up for the motivations behind the TM Act, 1940, which has kept on working under the TM Act, 1958 and TM Act. The Trade Marks Registry is under the charge of the Registrar of Trademarks. The head office of the Trade Marks Registry is in Bombay (Mumbai) and its branches are at Calcutta (Kolkata), Delhi, Madras (Chennai), and Ahmedabad. The territorial jurisdiction of every office has additionally been allotted.
As per Black's Law Dictionary, Copyright refers to the right of literary property as recognized and sanctioned by positive law. A right granted by statute to the author or originator of certain literary or artistic productions, whereby he is invested, for a limited period, with the sole and exclusive privilege of multiplying copies of the same and publishing and selling them.
The Copyright Act, 1957 ("Copyright Act"), bolstered by the Copyright Rules, 1958 ("Copyright Rules"), is the representing law for copyright assurance in India. Considerable amendments were done to the Copyright Act, in mid-2012 ("Amendment").A portion of the striking amendments have been examined in this section.
As per Black's Law Dictionary, patent is a legal document which provides protection to the ideas of any individual. Usually issued by the Patent Office of a country, the patent is granted to any firm or individual. Usually, patents constitute of four different classes: Machine (a device or apparatus created by a person for the performance of a specific task, process (a process created by an individual), manufacture (any fabricated or manufactured product) or the composition of matter (any chemical mixture or compound created by a person). Patents can be sued for.
In India, the law overseeing patents is the Patents Act, 1970 ("Patents Act"). In India's proceeded endeavours to consent to its dedication under Outings the Patents Act has been altered thrice since 1995, by the Patents (Amendment) Act, 1999("To start with Amendment"), the Patents (Amendment)Act, 2002 ("Second Amendment") and Patents(Amendment) Act, 2005 ("Third Amendment"), Prior to the Third Amendment, the President of India had proclaimed Patents (Amendment) Ordinance, 2004("Statute"), which was later supplanted by the ThirdAmendment.44 The enactment is bolstered by the Patents Rule, 2003 ("Rules"). The accompanying layouts the present Indian patent law system.
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Anti-Competitive practices in Ipr
ANTI-COMPETITIVE PRACTICES IN IPR INTRODUCTION Intellectual property rights are the intellect rights given to persons over the creations of their minds for any innovation or newness. They usually give the creator an exclusive right over the use of his/her creation for a certain period of time. Intellectual property are of various kinds such as patent, copyright, trademark, geographical indications, industrial design and layout design of integrated circuit. In India these property which is intangible in nature is duly recognized by law. This rights are necessary for the protection of the owner of these intellectual property, they can be inventor, author or creator. But there are some anti-competitive practices associated with the intellectual property that tends to exploit market through its power of monopoly and are as follows: In the Chapter relating to Prohibition of Agreements (Anti –Competitive Agreements) under section 3 (5) states that: "Nothing contained in this section shall restrict (I) the right of any person to restrain any infringement of, or to impose reasonable conditions, as may be necessary for protecting any of his rights which have been or may be conferred upon him under: (a) The Copyright Act, 1957 (14 of 1957) (b) The Patents Act, 1970 (39 of 1970) (c) The Trade and Merchandise Marks Act, 1958 (43 of 1958) or the Trade Marks Act, 1999 (47 of 1999) (d) The Geographical Indications of Goods (Registration and Protection) Act, 1999 (48 of 1999) (e) The Designs Act, 2000 (16 of 2000) (f) The Semi-conductor Integrated Circuits Layout-Design Act, 2000 (37 of 2000). ANTI-COMPETITIVE AGREEMENTS. Further the term reasonable condition is not defined under the act, that would rendered as unreasonable relating to IPR such practices are as follows: Patent pool Patent pools can be defined as an agreement between two or more patent owners to license one or more of their patents to one another or to third parties. Often, patent pools are associated with complex technologies that require complementary patents in order to provide efficient technical solutions. Through the agreement patent holder can be excluded from the use of some patent or possibly the bigger entities holding patents may form into one so the competition can be avoided. This type of practices are watched by authorities established specifically to promote healthy competition in the market and to prevent such bad practices which will exploit market. A device might contain several component and each one is patented by different firm. Problem will arise at a point when one firm wants to use that component unit's technology which is very hard negotiating with the patent holder company to get the licensee for its utilisation. There is no guarantee that the negotiation will be included positively or achieve what they seek for which sometimes become very tardy process. So to overcome this it is assisted to make one entity from where all the components can be licenced that is a joint venture for sharing the intellectual property rights. It is majorly done in electronics sector relating to software industry. It reduces product development and market competition, these are differentiated in pharmaceutical sector. Due to patent pooling several patents are brought under single contract due to which abnormalities of litigation is avoided as there is transparency in the transfer of licensee. Pools only include patents that are complementary and necessary for implementing a standard, they furthermore reduce royalty rates for users of the standard by eliminating wasteful multiple marginalization. Patent pool is often regarded as welfare enhancing tool when the patents are complementary. The aim of patent pool is profit oriented as collectively licencing would be cost efficient. The firm's would then be earning high profits by keeping new competitors outside markets. In short, if all the technology is locked in a few hands by a pooling agreement, it will be difficult for outsiders to compete. Tie-in arrangements The second such prohibited practice is of tie-in arrangements. It states that the licensees to purchase goods from the patentee itself and not from other producers/manufactures/sellers or there might be condition that patentee will only take goods from licensee only if licensee purchases from patentee or he will not buy goods from any other producer, a type compulsory clause to follow, it can be for even unpatented goods as well which would forbid licensee to compete. In Shri Sonam Sharma vs Apple Inc. Usa & Ors it was held that the distribution arrangement between the impugned parties helped create a market for iPhone in India wherein domestic consumers got an opportunity to purchase a contemporary handset which was otherwise available through the grey market and thus tying arrangement, the anti-competitive concerns in terms of section 3(4) violations does not hold. An agreement may provide that royalty should continue to be paid even after the patent has expired or that royalties shall be payable in respect of unpatented know-how as well as the subject matter of the patent. There could be a clause, which restricts competition in R & D or prohibits a licensee to use rival technology. A licensee may be subjected to a condition not to challenge the validity of IPR in question. A licensee may require to grant back to the licensor any know-how or IPR acquired and not to grant licenses to anyone else. This is likely to augment the market power of the licensor in an unjustified and anti-competitive manner. A licensor may fix the prices at which the licensee should sell. The licensee may be restricted territorially or according to categories of customers. A licensee may be coerced by the licensor to take several licenses in intellectual property even though the former may not need all of them called package licensing which may be regarded as anti-competitive. A condition imposing quality control on the licensed patented product beyond those necessary for guaranteeing the effectiveness of the licensed patent may be an anti- competitive practice. Restricting the right of the licensee to sell the product of the licensed know-how to persons other than those designated by the licensor may be violative of competition. Such a condition is often imposed in the licensing of dual use technologies. Imposing a trade mark use requirement on the licensee may be prejudicial to competition, as it could restrict a licensee's freedom to select a trade mark. Indemnification of the licensor to meet expenses and action in infringement proceedings is likely to be regarded as anti-competitive. Undue restriction on licensee's business could be anti-competitive. For instance, the field of use of a drug could be a restriction on the licensee, if it is stipulated that it should be used as medicine only for humans and not animals, even though it could be used for both. Limiting the maximum amount of use the licensee may make of the patented invention may affect competition. A condition imposed on the licensee to employ or use staff designated by the licensor is likely to be regarded as anti-competitive. The above list is not exhaustive but illustrative Some other practices as anti-competitive under section 3 of competition act 2000 are as follows: Exclusive licensing is another category of possible unreasonable condition. Examples of arrangements involving exclusive licensing that may give rise to anti-competition concerns include cross licensing by parties collectively possessing market power, grant backs and acquisitions of IPR licensing arrangements likely to affect adversely the prices, quantities, quality or varieties of goods and services will fall within the contours of competition law as long as they are not in reasonable juxtaposition with the bundle of rights that go with IPRs. Grant-Back Clause the licensee is required to grant back the developments taken place to the Licensor, it is also referred as licence-back clause. Acts performed by enterprises which lead to abuse of dominant position which falls within the meaning of S 4 of the Act are as follows: (a) (I) directly or indirectly, imposes unfair or discriminatory condition in purchase or sale of goods or services; or (ii) Price in purchase or sale (including predatory price) of goods or services; or (b) Limits or restricts – (i) Production of goods or provision of services or market therefor; or (iii) Technical or scientific development relating to goods or services to the prejudice of consumers; or (C) In practice(s) leading to denial of market access in any manner; or (d) Makes conclusion of contracts subject to acceptance by other parties of supplementary obligation which, by their nature or according to commercial usage, have no connection with the subject of such contracts; or (e) Uses dominant position in one relevant market to enter into, or protect, other relevant market. Exclusive supply agreement any in any manner the purchaser in the course of his trade from acquiring or otherwise dealing in any goods other than those of the seller or any other person. Refusal to deal includes any agreement which restricts, or is likely to restrict, by any method, the persons or classes of persons to whom goods are sold or from whom goods are bought." Hindustan Coca Cola Beverages Pvt. Ltd was has contravened the provisions of section 3 (4) of the Act as this agreement has created appreciable effect on competition by creating entry barriers to other entrants in the relevant market and foreclosing competition by driving out the competitors from the relevant market. The agreements are adversely affecting the competition in the markets. It is not conclusively borne out that the arrangements have either created entry barriers for new entrants or drove existing competitors out of the market, nor is there any appreciable effect on the benefits accruing to the ultimate consumers.
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Harpal Parmar
2 years ago
Geographical Indication of Goods (Registration and...
What is Geographical Indication ? In simple layman language the term Geographical Indication would refer to "a sign that identifies a product as emerging from a particular location or area which provides the product a unique quality or reputation or some other characteristic."[1] As per World Intellectual Property Organisation (WIPO), "a geographical indication (GI) is a sign used on products that have specific geographical origin and possess qualities or a reputation that are due to that origin. The qualities depend on the geographical place of production, there should be a clear link between the product and it's original place of production". [2] India being a member of the World Trade Organisation (WTO) are bound to comply with the Agreement on Trade – Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights.[3] Section 2(3)(e) of the Geographical Indication of Goods (Registration and Protection) Act, 1999 defines "geographical indication" in relation to goods as " an indication which identifies such goods as agricultural goods, natural goods or manufactured goods, as originating, or manufactured in the territory of a country, or a region, or a locality in that territory, where a given quality, reputation or other characteristic of such goods is essentially attributable to it's geographic origin and in the case where such goods are manufactured goods, one of the activities of either the production or of processing or preparation of the goods concerned takes place in such territory, region or locality, as the case maybe".[4] Article 22(1) of the TRIPS agreement reads, "geographical indications are, for the purpose of this agreement, indications which identify a good as originating in the territory of a member, or a region or locality, in that territory, where a given quality, reputation and or other characteristic of the good is essentially attributable to it's geographical origin.[5] Objective The objective behind the enactment of this Geographical Indication of Goods (Registration and Protection) Act, 1999 by Act no. 48 of 1999 on 30th December, 1999, can broadly be categorised under three thresholds.[6] Geographical indication by means of specific law governance could adequately protect interests of the producers of such goods. Exclusion of unauthorized persons by carrying out geographical indications would protect consumers from being deceived. Goods bearing Indian geographical indications would be promoted in the export market. Conditions for Registration Any producer, organisation, association of persons, or authority established under law has the right or power to apply for a geographical indication, as long as the person applying represents the interests of the producers. The registration application for a geographical indication should be in written form, alongside the prescribed fees, and it should be addressed before the "Registrar of geographical indications".[7] The corollary to Section 9[8] of the Geographical Indications of Goods (Registration and Protection) Act, 1999 deals with conditions for registration of certain geographical indications. The conditions include : The geographical indications be such that it is not of deceiving or confusing nature. The geographical indications be such that it is not contrary to any existing enforceable law. The geographical indication be such that it does not contain any obscene or scandalous content. The geographical indications be such that it does hurt any religion or section of society of the country. The geographical indication be such that it does not disentitle to protection in any court. The geographical indications be such that the determined generic names or indications of goods are not ceased but protected in their origin country. The geographical indications be such that it truly represents the goods to the territory, locality or region of it's origin and not elsewhere. The Geographical Indication Registration Process The registration process under the Geographical Indication of Goods (Registration and Protection) Act, 1999 requires a few number of steps as per rules laid down by the Geographical Indications Registry, Intellectual Property, India. The steps are as follows: [9] Filing of application: the initial step is to check whether the indication falls within the ambit of the definition of a Geographical Indication under Section 2(1)(e)[10] of the Act. Application must be in triplicate form. Application must be duly signed by the applicant or his agent and must be attached by a statement of case. Application must contain details of special characteristics and information regarding how such standards are to be maintained. Application must contain three certified copies of the map of the specified region relating to the Geographic Indication. Application must contain details of the inspection structure for regulation of Geographic Indication to the territory it relates. The application must include the applicant's address. In case of multiple producers, collective reference to all the producers are to be made in the application and the geographic indication if registered would be accordingly indicated in the register. The applicant is required to have an address for service in India. The application as per the guidelines are to be filed either be a registered legal practitioner or a registered agent. Preliminary Scrutiny and Examination: the application process is followed by a scrutiny and an examination. The application is scrutinized by the examiner to monitor deficiencies. After the scrutinised report mentioning the deficiencies are informed to the applicant, it must be clarified and amended by the applicant within one month. The statement of case attached in the application is reviewed and assessed by consultative board of experts. After the due scrutiny and assessment process is completed, the Examination report is issued. Show cause notice: after the issue of the examination report, the following procedure is followed. If the Registrar is unsatisfied or has an objection regarding the application, he communicates the same to the applicant. The applicant is then required to respond within a period of two months or apply for a hearing. The applicant needs to communicate his decision, and if he / she is going for appeal, a request for the same is to be made within one month. If an application is accepted in error, the Registrar may withdraw the application after providing an opportunity of being heard. Publication in the Geographical Indication Journal: After the application is accepted, within three months it has to be published in the Geographical Indications Journal. Opposition to Registration: after the publication in the Geographical Indications Journal, a procedure for "opposition to registration" may arise. Any person within three months (extendable by one month on request) from publication at the Geographical Indications Journal has the opportunity to file a notice of opposition against the application. The copy of the "notice of opposition" is sent to the applicant by the Registrar. The applicant is required to send a copy of the counter statement within two months. The copy if the counter statement is to be served to the person filing the "notice of opposition" by the Registrar. If an applicant fails to reply with the counter statement, it is presumed that he has abandoned his application. Both the parties are then required to lead their evidences by way of an affidavit and supporting documents, and subsequently a date of hearing is fixed. Registration: the main registration process actually is completed with this process. Once the application for the Geographic Indication is registered, the Registrar finally registers the geographic indication. The date of filing is regarded as the date of registration. A certificate with the seal of the Geographic Indications Registry is issued by the Registrar to the applicant. Renewal: the registration of the Geographic Indication is for a period of 10 years or for the termed period till the date on which the registration of geographic indication in respect of which the authorised user is registered expires, whichever is earlier, after which it needs to be renewed by payment of a renewal fee. Appeal: persons aggrieved by the orders or decisions have the option for appeal before the Intellectual Property Appellate Board (IPAB) within a period of three months. Public Review[11] The public has the power to inspect the documents. Section 78(1)[12] mentions about certain documents which are generally available at the Head office of the Geographical Indications Registry. A copy of the registration certificate and related documents mentioned under section 78 of the act, as per Central Government inspection rules are to be present at the every branch office of the Geographic Indications Registry. The inspection by the public can be done on the payment of a certain fee on all working days of the Geographical Indications Registry as prescribed by the Registrar. Central government on occasions may direct the Registrar to distribute copies of journal and documents to encourage public review. Need for registration under Geographical Indicaton of Goods (Registration and Protection) Act, 1999. Registration under the Geographical Indication of Goods (Registration and Protection) Act, 1999 ensures certain rights on the registered proprietors and authorised users. Following are some of the rights:[13] In case of infringement of Geographical Indication, the aggrieved party has the right to obtain relief. Exclusive right towards use of Geographical Indication in relation to goods in respect of which geographical indication is registered. In case of multiple authorised users for a registered geographic indication, the users have co – equal rights. Landmark Case Laws Imperial Tobacco Co. v. Registrar, Trademarks[14]: The Calcutta High Court in this case explicitly explained the term and the following concept of "geographic term"[15] as: "geographical terms and words used in common use designate a locality, a country, or section of country which cannot be monopolized as trademarks…… a geographic name according to it's ordinary signification is mark inherently or alternatively incapable of registration subject to certain exceptions." Tea Board, India v. I.T.C. Limited[16][17]: This case was filed before the Division Bench of the Calcutta High Court. In this case the Tea Board of India bearing the "geographic indication" – "Darjeeling" and the logo of a woman holding tea leaves was dealt with as the certification trademark "Darjeeling" under the Trade Marks Act, in connection with tea. The ITC Sonar Hotel in Kolkata named it's executive lounge hotel as "Darjeeling Lounge". The question raised was whether by virtue of certification trade mark, the plaintiff could restrain the defendant for infringement and passing off, in carrying out the business of hospitality services for naming one of it's lounges in the hotel as "Darjeeling Lounge", wherein the food and beverage items served to the customers are not necessarily restricted to products grown or evolved in the Darjeeling district. The Court in this judgment was of the opinion that the Tea Board's prima facie failure in proving violation of its registered certification trademarks in relation to Section 75 of the Trademark Act[18] was because they did not register the name of the mark "Darjeeling" in respect to hotel business, instead registered it with the intention of certification of tea grown in Darjeeling wherein Sections 28 and Section 29 of the Trademark Act are unavailable. Conclusion Intellectual property rights nowadays are more controversial, political and economical. Patents, copyrights, trademarks, service marks, designs and geographic indications are few of the most discussed and debatable topics especially when relating to biotechnology, food security, trade, education, research and public health. Therefore, in this highly mechanised economy of today, understanding of IPR's has almost become a matter of informed policy relating to matters of human development. Geographical indication therefore, is an emerging arena for intellectual property matters, which needs to be protected and safeguarded using necessitated legislations. [1] https://www.ipos.gov.sg/AboutIP/TypesofIPWhatisIntellectualProperty/Whatisageographicalindication.aspx [2] http://www.wipo.int/geo_indications/en/ [3] "The Protection of Geographical Indication In India" – Dr. Sudhir Ravindran, Arya Mathews. [4] http://www.wipo.int/wipolex/en/text.jsp?file_id=128105 [5] https://www.wto.org/english/docs_e/legal_e/27-trips_04b_e.htm [6] http://www.ssrana.in/Intellectual%20Property/Geograhical%20Indications/GI.aspx [7] Section 3 of the Geographical Indications of Goods (Registration and Protection) Act, 1999. [8]http://lawmin.nic.in/ld/PACT/1999/The%20Geographical%20indications%20of%20goods%20(Registration%20and%20Protection)%20Act,%201999.pdf [9] http://www.ipindia.nic.in/the-registration-process-gi.htm [10]http://www.advocatekhoj.com/library/bareacts/geographicalindicationsofgoods/index.php?Title=Geographical%20Indications%20of%20Goods%20(Registration%20and%20Protection)%20Act,%201999 [11] http://www.ipindia.nic.in/the-registration-process-gi.htm [12]http://www.advocatekhoj.com/library/bareacts/geographicalindicationsofgoods/index.php?Title=Geographical%20Indications%20of%20Goods%20(Registration%20and%20Protection)%20Act,%201999 [13] http://www.mondaq.com/india/x/519434/Trademark/Geographical+Indications+Law [14] AIR 1977 Cal 413 of 422 [15] http://lawmantra.co.in/protection-of-geographical-indications-gis-from-infringments-an-indian-perspective/ [16] GA No. 3137 of 2010, CS No. 250 of 2010. [17] http://www.selvamandselvam.in/blog/the-tea-board-vs-itc-limited-going-overboard-with-gi/ [18] https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1613598/
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In 2082, when the 2010 U.S. census data is released to the general public, will it be greeted with excitement or will it be a 'ho-hum'? Provided there still is a United States at that time, what will the researchers of tomorrow be hoping to find in the 2010 census that they cannot find elsewhere?
Will the 2010 U.S. census be genealogically relevant?
Although the census is a genealogist's treasure trove of information, with each one revealing clues about a ancestor's family, their neighbors and their community, will the information from this year's census get lost in the 'noise' of the multitude of other records available?
While the 1850 census was a landmark because it was the first to record the names of everyone in the household, and each successive census asked different questions that told the story of the household, will this year's census shed much light on our daily lives for our descendants? I'm eager for the 1940 census to be released because of what it can tell me about my family just before the U.S. entered WWII, will my great-grandchildren be as interested to find out where I was in 2010?
The questions that will be asked on this year's form can be found here. While the answers will be information for future genealogists, will this be anything that cannot be found elsewhere? In today's society, we have created so many paper and digital records that I believe it would be unlikely a researcher in 2082 will find a clue in the 2010 census that couldn't be found elsewhere.
I believe that genealogically, the census may have lost its importance to future researchers.
That is not to say that it shouldn't be filled out, as it helps determine political representation. There have always been those who have managed to avoid the census, and even today, there are those who are advocating that others do not fill it out. Those concerned about privacy must be oblivious to the fact that we have at this time the most documented, regulated society we've ever had, and it would be a rare individual who cannot be found through online sources or public records.
As a genealogist, it almost sounds sacrilegious to even ask the question about the relevance of the census to the genealogy community. What do you think? Am I way off-base here?
Saturday, February 27, 2010
Will the 2010 census be genealogically relevant?
at Saturday, February 27, 2010 Posted by Travis LeMaster
Labels: 2010 cenus
2 comments:
- Barbara Poole said...
Very nice reading your original article. You put a lot of thought into it, why not submit it to a newspaper?
I doubt many of us will be around to view the 2010 census, but maybe we can watch from above and be thankful we found most of our records.
- Daphne Garrison said...
I definitely see your point, but I'm of the opinion that there can't be *too* much of a document trail for each of us. It probably won't be the end of genealogy if the paper trail is shredded, but one more piece saying where I was in this year won't hurt, especially since my local paper has never posted anything about me, etc.
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God's Storehouse celebrates 30th year in existence
Helping people has always been the mission of God's Storehouse and for 30 years, the volunteers running the local food pantry have been able to do just that.
God's Storehouse recently celebrated its 30th year of serving the community with the need continuing to grow. In 2012, God's Storehouse distributed $57,000 in food, a steady increase from $26,821 in 2008, $44,145 in 2009, and $47,621 in 2010.
Mae Cartmell, one of the founding members of God's Storehouse said they first established the food pantry in April 1983, in a period of economic recession similar to today. At the time, no food pantry existed in Wapakoneta.
Cartmell was part of a group of citizens, a local physician and priest who first met the year before God's Storehouse opened to discuss what they could do to help area residents desperate to feed their families, who did not qualify for any form of government assistance even though they had lost their jobs at a time when several area factories closed.
God's Storehouse was established as a temporary form of assistance until clients were able to "get back on their feet," said Carol Berg, who serves as chair of the organization's Board of Trustees.
"We knew there was a need," Cartmell said, explaining people were willing to do anything to help their families and weren't getting the support they needed.
As part of the organizational process, Cartmell said they visited pantries to see how they were doing it and took referrals from local pastors, who knew of families' needs. God's Storehouse opened with $700 worth of food on the shelves and vegetables, beans and a starch, the first items distributed to those in need.
From there the pantry began to grow, Cartmell said.
"It's still needed and we help in many different ways now," Cartmell said. "There always seems to be a need."
In addition to food, referred families sometimes also receive clothing and household items if needed.
"It's been great through the years helping people," said Cartmell, who continues to volunteer with the pantry today and serves as an emeritus adviser on the Board of Trustees.
As long as she can continue to help, she will, said Cartmell, who works once a month in the pantry now and also sends out thank you letters.
God's Storehouse is staffed by 54 regular volunteers, plus others who assist with food drives and other special projects.
God's Storehouse Board member Joy Kantner said recently a former client came up to her and told her how much their help was appreciated, that they couldn't have gotten by without it.
It's reminders like that that lets the group know what they are doing is making a difference, they said.
Sometimes the "thank yous" also come in the form of hugs, while many give back to the pantry once things are better in their lives, Berg said.
Clients are referred by area pastors, Auglaize County Job and Family Services, the Auglaize County Crisis Center, St. Vincent DePaul — a nonprofit organization helping meet a variety of needs for people — and other agencies and the non-profit charity partners with St. Vincent DePaul to screen potential clients. A three-point check system between God's Storehouse, St. Vincent DePaul and Mercy Unlimited, a non-profit Christian ministry also tending to community members' needs, ensures that services are not being duplicated and those who need them most are getting them, Berg said.
Clients shop weekly for groceries and are referred for four consecutive weeks at a time. The amount of groceries they receive is based on their family's size. For clients receiving food stamps, they may receive items food stamps may not be used for, including paper products, hygiene and health items and cleaning supplies. Milk vouchers also are available for Walmart.
God's Storehouse, located at 107 W. Pearl St., is open from 9 a.m. to noon Wednesday through Saturday, with clients able to get food any time during those hours. At this time, 264 people receive assistance from God's Storehouse, with all clients shopping weekly. In April, God's Storehouse dispensed $3,827.50 in food and groceries.
Berg said support for the food pantry comes from many local churches, service organizations, civic groups, clubs, businesses and individuals. In addition to the food pantry, God's Storehouse also operates a thrift store, which is open to the public, with 100 percent of sales going toward the purchase of food.
"God's Storehouse is very appreciative of the community support we have received," Berg said. "We are happy to be celebrating 30 years. The clients are the reason we are here."


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A filling repairs and restores the surface of a tooth that has been damaged by decay, fracture, or wear. A dental filling strengthens the tooth. If tooth decay is not repaired at its early stages, it will worsen and additional or alternative dental treatments may be necessary.
With proper care and routine oral hygiene, a filling has a lifespan of 5-12 years, depending upon the type of filling material used.
Tooth sensitivity is the most common early warning sign of enamel loss due to tooth decay. While there could be a number of reasons for this sensation, only your Dentist can diagnose its underlying cause. If a damaged tooth surface is not treated early, your discomfort will increase.
A filling prescription is made when:
After a thorough exam of your teeth, gums and supporting bone structure, your Dentist will discuss treatment options with you and answer your questions. If the agreed-upon treatment is a dental filling, your Dentist will:
© Copyright 2006 - 2020 • Pacific Dental Services National Support Center • Pacific Dental Services, Inc.
*Regular value of at least $290. In absence of gum (periodontal) disease. New patients only. Cannot be combined with any other offers. Coupon must be presented at appointment. Limit 1 per patient. Subject to insurance restrictions; cannot be applied to insurance co-payments. Not valid for appointments with pediatric dentist.


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Wells Fargo Advisors (WFC) said Tuesday that it hired four advisors from Bank of America-Merrill Lynch (BAC) and one from UBS (UBS). This announcement came one day after reports that Merrill's non-U.S. wealth-management business could be sold to Julius Baer and that BofA was cutting some management jobs at its U.S. Trust unit.
Formerly with Merrill, the Landsberg Bennett Private Wealth Management Group is joining Wells' independent channels—Wells Fargo Advisors Financial Network, or FiNet—in Punta Gorda, Fla.
The group includes Michael Landsberg, Lewis Bennett and Anthony Dubbaneh, who have combined yearly fees and commissions of $4.2 million and combined assets under management of $493 million.
Salim Kimiagar of Woodland Hills, Calif., left Merrill with about $178 million in AUM and 22 years of experience to join Wells' Private Client Group.
Wells Fargo also said on Tuesday that Bruce Davidson moved to its Wealth Brokerage Services Group (the channel for advisors operating in bank branches) from UBS with about $1.1 million in annual production, $178 million in assets and 22 years of experience. He will be based in Boise, Idaho.
BofA, along with other banks like Morgan Stanley (MS) and UBS, is under pressure to improve its financial results.
In April, Bank of America-Merrill put its non-U.S. wealth-management business up for sale, with the hope of raising about $3 billion. On Tuesday, according to several news reports, the Swiss private bank Julius Baer Group said it was in talks to buy the unit, which has about $90 billion in assets under management.
In addition, BofA's U.S. Trust unit reportedly fired some executives in charge of trust officers and private-client advisors on Tuesday. The move is meant to help BofA trim about $3 billion in expenses tied to its wealth-management and investment-banking operations.
Experts, though, say that Merrill should continue to be able to recruit advisors despite these and other issues affecting its parent firm, especially considering the lucrative packages it offers prospective advisors.
"If Merrill Lynch keeps paying signing bonuses, there will always be financial advisors willing to join," said Chip Roame, managing principal of Tiburon Strategic Advisors, a financial services consulting firm, in an interview with AdvisorOne.


text: Introducing patented Flexbar technology by Channel Islands and Barron Flex. Flex, rebound, and resonance all play a role in how your board works. Harnessing and controlling these will take board performance to the next level. The Flexbar optimizes the energy and spring derived from both longitudinal and torsional tail flex in your surfboard by refining and focusing these forces under the back foot. Utilizing a combination of alternating foam densities and fiberglass through the entire board, Flexbar finally allows the surfer to feel and use the energy in your board through maneuvers. All surfboards will eventually lose their "pop" and begin to feel dead, Flexbar maintains the optimum flex pattern through the life of your board. All of this backed up by a one year warranty against breaking (read the warranty HERE), Flex-bar technology is the ultimate in performance.


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Deeply rooted in Funk and fully committed to the ongoing evolution of the genre, Yo Mama's Big Fat Booty Band has a sound that is unique yet has the power and soul to create lasting melodies and seismic rhythms.
Doin' It Hard, their sophomore studio release, is a reflection of the Booty Band's approach to music, touring, performing, and to life in general. Recorded at City of Progress Studios in Miami, FL under the cultivated ear of DJ leSpam, Doin' It Hard is Yo Mama's Big Fat Booty Band – next-generation, redefined for a new decade. Doin' It Hard hit the streets on March 27th 2012 and is available in 12" vinyl, compact disc, and digital download.
The group has been together for a full decade, performing well over 150 shows and completing three to four national tours each year. With a new album in the works at Echo Mountain Studios in Asheville, NC (projected release date: March 2013), a remix album entitled Re-Doin' It Hard debuting this July, and Summer tour in full swing, they are definitely artists to watch. Re-Doin' It Hard will feature some of the band's favorite DJ's including Agent 23 (GFE and Secret Agent 23 Skidoo), DJ leSpam (Spam Allstars), and Lee "InstaFunk" Allen (Booty Band and Eymarel) adding their distinctive perpectives to select tracks from their new album.
Yo Mama's Big Fat Booty Band is: Lee Allen (drums), Al Al Ingram (bass, vocals), JP Miller (guitar, vocals), Mary Frances (keys, vocals), Derrick Johnson (trombone), and Greg Hollowell (saxophones, flute).


text: Half Asian women are always gorgeous, and Cece Stone is no exception. This all natural half Vietnamese sexy slut is a treat to watch every time she steps on the screen, thanks to her good looks, tight body, and endless appetite for sexual stimulation. Describing herself as a sensual person, Cece uses her career fucking on film as an outlet for experimentation, trying things she had always fantasized about, but never had the opportunity to try. Now, with more than 100 scenes under her belt since her 2008 debut, this kinky lady has mastered her body, and become the sizzling hot squirting sensation that we all know and love today. When she's not busy getting her tight pussy pounded, you can probably find this horny hottie snowboarding on the slopes or lounging on the beach, two of her favorite pastimes. So if you've ever had fantasies about fucking a sexy ski bunny or bikini-clad beach babe, then Cece Stone is here to make all of your dreams come true!


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South Park has been a fun, and entertaining show for me for the past few weeks since I've been watching it. Even though the series has been a favorite of mine for years, I have just started watching the show again. Of course I'm talking about reruns, and some of the first episodes. Drawing South Park characters is always fun no matter what. There is a certain character that I wanted to draw because of an episode I watched a few days ago. This tutorial is going to show you "how to draw Mr. Hankey", step by step. The full name he goes by is "Mr. Hankey, the Christmas Poo", and that name in itself is funny. He first appeared on South Park during season one when they ran the ninth episode. This episode is the first time that Kyle started talking to a turd that talked and sang. No on else can see Mr. Hankey except for Kyle. The first time I watched the Christmas Poo episode I was laughing so hard I nearly split my pants. As you can imagine he is going to be an extremely easy character to draw because he is just a piece of turd. As gross as it may seem to do this lesson, he is still one of the funny members of South Park even though we don't get to see him very often. In all I know you will like learning "how to draw Mr. Hankey", step by step. I will be back later with more drawing fun so stay tuned in for more lessons coming your way. Peace out people, and make sure you don't talk to poo.
DragoArt members upload artwork and drawing tutorials! They are also allowed to leave comments on tutorials, profiles, etc. Many more features, as well; it's way better than just being a boring guest! Register Now!


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Okay, not an Ocelot. Meet Xena. She's a Savannah (which makes her part Serval — yikes!), she loves Dolores Park and she's very talkative ("mraaaar, mraaaaaaaaaaaar, mraar"). Yesterday she drew quite a crowd just sitting there looking pretty. Click photos to see photo page.
Update: Michael Pieracci says maybe Xena ain't so happy.
Previously on Mission Mission:


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- Record created 2006-02-15
- Record last updated 2018-11-08
These objects are only a part of our collections, of which there are more than 350,000 objects. More information on the objects listed on our website.
This information comes from our collections database. Some of this is incomplete and there may be some errors. The database sometimes uses language taken from historical documents to help research, which may now appear outdated and even offensive. The database also includes information on objects that are considered secret or sacred by some communities.
If you have any further information about objects in our collections or can suggest corrections to our information, please contact us.
100 London Road
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It is also one of the popular thread interivew questions and often asked in both telephonic and face-to-face round of Java developer interviews. So, if you are preparing for Java interviews, you should prepare questions like this and one book which can really help you is the Java Programming Interivew exposed.
This is one of the rare book which covers almost all important topic of Java interviews e.g. core Java, multi-threading, IO and NIO and frameworks like Spring and Hibernate etc. You can check it out here.
Why wait(), notify() and notifyAll() must be called from synchronized block or method in Java
Calling notify() or notifyAll() methods issues a notification to a single or multiple thread that a condition has changed and once notification thread leaves synchronized block, all the threads which are waiting fight for object lock on which they are waiting and lucky thread returns from wait() method after reacquiring the lock and proceed further.
Let's divide this whole operation into steps to see a possibility of race condition between wait() and notify() method in Java, we will use Produce Consumer thread example to understand the scenario better:
Since the wait() method in Java also releases the lock prior to waiting and reacquires the lock prior to returning from the wait() method, we must use this lock to ensure that checking the condition (buffer is full or not) and setting the condition (taking element from buffer) is atomic which can be achieved by using synchronized method or block in Java.
Just to summarize we call wait (), notify () or notifyAll method in Java from synchronized method or synchronized block in Java to avoid:
Further Learning
Multithreading and Parallel Computing in Java
Java Concurrency in Practice - The Book
Applying Concurrency and Multi-threading to Common Java Patterns
Java Concurrency in Practice Course by Heinz Kabutz


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Ad retargeting company Criteo will go public later this year, according to a report by French publication JDN.
JDN's sources say Criteo is still deciding between the New York Stock Exchange and Nasdaq, but it will seek to raise between $270 and $400 million when it goes public.
Criteo was founded in 2005 and it has grown from $60 million in 2010 revenue to about $400 million in 2012. It has raised $63.4 million to date from IDInvest Partkers, Elaia Partners, Index Ventures, Bessemer Venture Partners and SoftBank Capital.
We reached out to one of Criteo's investors about the report who merely responded: "The company is doing very well."
Here's the English translation of JDN's report.


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Get Local Coupons
Delaware's Atlantic shore of Fenwick, Bethany, Dewey, Rehoboth and Lewes offers an amazing variety of thrilling amusements, exhilarating indoor and outdoor activities, and incredible festivals. You're never far from a big 18-hole mini-golf challenge, quick go-kart track or winding waterslide. Feel like gliding your kayak among dolphins or jetting full-throttle down the coast in a waverunner? How about a birds-eye view of the ocean from a parasail or vintage biplane? You're sure to find memorable ways to get around Coastal Delaware – whatever your speed!
No Delaware vacation would be complete without feasting on some of America's freshest seafood. Dig into succulent crab cakes or platters of steamed shrimp and bury your plate at one of Delaware's endless all-you-can-eat buffets. Other coastal delights, like juicy Black Angus prime rib, perfectly grilled burgers and homemade pasta dishes are all on the menu!
Fenwick, Bethany, Dewey, Rehoboth and Lewes play host to exciting festivals and shows. Artisans display and sell their wares at the various craft shows held in the area throughout the year. Vote on your favorite flick at the Rehoboth Beach Independent Film Festival! Fabulous local artists and popular brands are waiting to be discovered on your next shopping excursion through Delaware. Whether you're searching for a designer swimsuit, a souvenir for the kids or the perfect outfit for a night on the town, our shops are sure to surprise!
For over 30 years, visitors to Coastal Delaware have trusted Sunny Day Guide for event schedules, detailed maps, and Money-Saving Coupons! We're also available on your cell phone and mobile device, so you have all of the area's attractions and activities as well as the hottest dining and nightlife spots at your fingertips – wherever you are! With so much to do, be sure to explore SunnyDayGuide.com articles, schedules and coupons before your vacation. Your Delaware Coast vacation begins right now!


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The National Transportation Safety Board is reporting a "near miss" between an Alaska Airlines passenger jet and a cargo plane over Anchorage's Fire Island south of the city's main airport.
Agency spokesman Clint Johnson says the Alaska Airlines flight inbound from Portland, Ore., was starting to land at Ted Stevens Anchorage International Airport just after 3 p.m. Tuesday when air traffic controllers gave instructions for a "go-around."
The order was given to avoid an Ace Air Cargo Beechcraft 1900 prop-jet taking off for Sand Point from the airport's north-south runway.
Johnson says the passenger jet veered right and the cargo plane turned in the same direction. The aircraft passed within a quarter-mile of each other at the same elevation.
The Alaska Airlines jet, Flight 135, landed safely.