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The Friends and Family Test is a single question patient survey which asks you as an existing patient at the practice to say how likely you would be to recommend to your friends and family our surgery and the services that we offer.
To provide your feedback, please follow the following link http://www.leavemyfeedback.com/4696 or by using the Touch Screen in the waiting room or fill out a paper questionnaires at your next visit to the practice.
Should you require any help accessing this site to provide your feedback, please ask at reception for assistance.
Thank you for your support.
A large number of calls come in during the first two hours every day. Your call will be dealt with as soon as possible. Also please note that the appointment line is closed between 12 noon and 2.00pm, and we would ask that you request home visits before 10.00am.
The doctors try to take telephone consultations every morning between 12 noon and 12.30pm. For medical advice at other times please telephone NHS 111.
Our telephone lines switch to the out-of-hours service between 6.30pm and 8.00am on weekdays and throughout weekends and bank holidays.
This website has been designed to tell you about the practice and the services that we offer. Please read it carefully. We trust that you will find it helpful and informative.
The doctors and staff at the Wimbledon Village surgery take pride in offering the highest standard of patient-centred healthcare.
We run many clinics for the mangement of chronic diseases such as asthma, COPD and diabetes and offer a wide variety of other medical services including a travel clinic for our patients and for non-Wimbledon Village Surgery patients, minor operations, antenatal and postnatal care, childhood vaccinations and well-person check-ups.
Click here to view our patient survey results.
This body can provide information on a host of primary care services in this area and can be contacted at:
South West London Community Services 120 The Broadway Wimbledon SW19 1RH Tel: 020 8251 1111
Update on this year's flu vaccination campaign and the three groups of patients which are eligible and the importance of each group receiving the correct type of vaccine
Coronavirus England - Advice for Patients
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Happy Feet
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You are browsing teasers of all contributed stories. Stories are displayed in the order they were posted (most recent first).
If you would like to search for stories then please refer to the Site Search page.
I am happy to announce that ESS has become our newest frontpage sponsor. Please visit their website at www.essentialfinance.net/spreadsheets.
About ESS:
All finance departments face growing pressure from more demanding reporting requirements, staff changes and new business initiatives, increasing the burden on both the users and their financial systems.
At ESS we have a real empathy with this – as finance professionals who have experienced these problems first-hand we are committed to developing solutions, written in language that all finance users will understand and which will make their lives easier.
Essential finance has been developed as a complementary suite of products for ERP Financials that will enable your finance team to manage these day-to-day business objectives quickly and effectively and derive real and lasting value.
For Heijmans Infrastructure, a division of the Heijmans Group (largest construction company of The Netherlands -11600 employees), time registration is crucial. It is one of the most important elements to measure project progress and costs.
Until recent project managers filled out time sheets in MS Excel and a central admin unit entered the data in their Baan application. Now Ometa has developed a Time Registration Portal on top of their Baan application. The MS Excel timesheet is omitted as the project managers directly use the portal to make the time entries. It results in higher efficiency and data quality.
Good news from the sponsor front: Ometa is signing up as forum sponsor of the Pages & Stories forum for a period of 6 months. It's our first Belgian sponsor but hopefully not the last!
About Ometa:
Ometa provides a solution to use Microsoft SharePoint as a presentation layer on top of your BaaN Application keeping the logic and process validation in your ERP application and replacing GUIs by Portal solutions. MS SharePoint 2007 provides Portal technology, Collaborative Workspaces, Document Management and Web Content Management. All these new concepts are situated in the Enterprise Content Management (ECM) area.
With the solution of Ometa it becomes possible to bring the data from your BaaN system to the Microsoft SharePoint platform and take advantage of these new technological concepts.
Ometa has built SharePoint connectors for SAP, BaaN-Infor, Movex and other applications. The Ometa framework supports various versions of each application, including the customizations.
Ometa operates within large organizations like Fortis, Riziv, Nutreco, Heijmans, Trouw Nutrition and Flemish Government, but also in many medium-sized companies.
More information: http://www.ometa.net
I am happy to announce that OST (Open System Technologies) has become our newest sponsor. OST will be financially supporting our site for the next year.
About OST:
What do you look for in an IT partner? Brilliant solutions? Of course. But how about brilliant solutions coming from friendly, likable people? That's our modus operandi at OST. And it's what's made our last few years such a whirlwind of growth. Like having Inc. 5,000 put us on their 2007 list of fastest growing private companies. And being recently named to CRN's prestigious FastGrowth100 for two years running. So come on in, kick the tires, and take a look around. We've got lots of very sharp folks standing by to take the stress out of your most complex IT needs. You'll be glad you stopped by.
NAZDAQ, the maker of Add-ons for Baan and ERP Ln is glad to announce a new campaign under the name "Keep cool this summer with new versions and flavors of NAZDAQ products!".
The new campaign announces the release of new versions for the popular utilities, used by Baan and ERP Ln customers in 50 countries, including a major release of B2Win 6.0 and Baan Hot Link 6.0, with smaller changes made to Baan Mail- Merge, B2Email Plus and B2Email Standard. The NAZDAQ offering includes a new product - Baan Query Tool - yet another great way to retrieve data from Baan.
For more information about these new releases, check http://www.nazdaq-it.com/ and keep your users cool this summer.
OST USA launched a new website recently. We invite everyone to take a moment to check out our new OST website at http://www.ostusa.com.
I think you will find our new site to be a bit edgy - in a positive way. In addition to being memorable, the navigation is tailored to industry verticals and intuitive ease of use. The whimsical "copy" is intended to convey our fun loving, high energy company culture.
We are interested in your feedback. Let us know what we can do to make our website better.
Dan Behm
OST (Open Systems Technologies, Inc.)
GRAND RAPIDS, MICHIGAN, March 19, 2008 - Open Systems Technologies, Inc. (OST) announces today the merger of OST and CBS Solutions, Inc. (CBS), strengthening OST's position as one of the fastest growing companies in the IT industry. The addition of CBS will more than double OST's capacity for consulting engagements, adding services such as application development, implementation, and IT staff augmentation. Together, CBS and OST are projected to increase revenue from 30 million in 2007 to over forty million dollars in 2008.
This new expansion into application development and IT contract services significantly expands service for OST customers. "Now we are entirely equipped to cover every conceivable customer requirement," says Jim VanderMey, OST Chief Technology Officer. "When a complex web application has to be developed for a project we are working on, we can do that. We saw a customer need, and we are glad to meet it."
The collective staff of full time employees and contractors now exceeds seventy people - including over fifty technical and business process consultants. That is ten times the number of employees compared to just five years ago. This extensive resource pool enables OST to provide superior depth of service and resources for its customers.


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Why oh why can't we get measurements with these cable reviews? We get measurements with speakers, audio and video components etc but not cables. I still say if cable A is better than cable B it should be easy to show performance numbers.. I can only hope and dream..
The Entry Level #19
He did itthank goodnessand, a couple of weeks later, we made a trip to Audio Connection in Verona, New Jersey, where affable store owner John Rutan accomplished what I thought impossible: He sold Omar a cool, new Rega P1 turntable to replace his beat-to-death Salvation Army record player. Of course, this smart purchase soon led to another (Ortofon 2M Red phono cartridge), another (Bellari VP129 phono preamp), another (Oppo DV-980 universal player), and another (Harman/Kardon HK3390 receiver). But for some damn reason I could never get Omar to invest in new cables. His decade-old spool of RadioShack 16-gauge zip cord, diligently carried from one rented apartment to the next, served him just fine. "I know what cables do," he would say, "and I just can't see why high-end cables would make a difference."
In the past, I might have mumbled something about high-purity copper or Teflon insulation, but Omar would easily see that I was out of my depth. This time, I would come prepared with Kimber Kable's 4PR and 8VS loudspeaker cables ($150 and $280 per 10' pair, respectively) and let them do the talking.
Three demo tracks
I met Omar at his front door, where we performed our usual greeting: a patented high-five routine of over the top, down low, fist-bump, blow it up, perfected long ago over beers and a Mets game. Upstairs, Omar poured two cups of Puerto Rican coffee (strain through a sweat sock, add five pounds of sugar) and we got to work. To keep things simple, we listened only to CDs through Omar's Oppo DV-980. From the discs available on Omar's racks we selected three demo tracks with which we were equally and intimately familiar: "One Armed Scissor," from At the Drive-In's Relationship of Command (Grand Royal/Virgin 49999), recorded by Chuck Johnson; the title track of Jay-Z's The Blueprint2: The Gift & the Curse (Roc-A-Fella 063381-2), recorded by Gimel "Young Guru" Keaton; and "Becuz," from Sonic Youth's Washing Machine (DGC 24825), recorded by John Siket.
First, we listened to Omar's system with his usual RadioShack wire connecting his B&W DM602s to his Harman/Kardon HK3390 receiver. "One Armed Scissor" sounded just as I remembered: urgent and dramatic, with pleading vocals, heavily distorted guitars, and furious rhythms, but needlessly loud and compressed. Aside from the recording's common deficiencies, the overall sound was entirely fine. Nothing sounded particularly wrong. I began to worry. What if we don't hear an improvement?
"Sounds pretty good," Omar said.
"Hmm," I cautiously replied, reaching into my bag of cables.
Kimber Kable 4PR
Kimber Kable's 4PR, the company's very first product and its most affordable speaker cable ($150/10' pair), was introduced in 1979, when I was two years old. Like Kimber's popular PBJ interconnect ($110/1m pair, reviewed last month), the 4PR has gone practically unchanged since its release. It employs the same braided geometry found in Kimber's more expensive 8VS speaker cable ($280/10' pair, reviewed last month), but instead of the 8VS's eight gray and eight black conductors, the 4PR has four pairs each of black and brown conductors in an apparently looser braid. I've always loved the look of the 4PR. Brown? Brown? It's so understated it's almost bold.
My samples came with Kimber's high-quality SBAN banana plugs at the amp ends and their confidence-inspiring PostMaster 33 spade lugs at the speaker ends. When I unpacked the 4PRs and held them in my hands, I was immediately impressed by their overall build qualityit takes only a moment to recognize the high level of craftsmanship in any Kimber productbut, beyond that, I felt as if I were holding a piece of hi-fi history. Few hi-fi products can match the 4PR's longevity; anything that sticks around our fickle world for thirtysomething years has got to have a lot going for it. The 4PR deserves respect and attention. But what would it offer over the typical RadioShack wire in terms of sound quality?
I've always liked Polk Audio, I own a nice pair of LS50s, bought when I was 21 in 1992
Measurements are one way to evaluate components, and your desire for a way to generate a straightforward and objective evaluation makes perfect sense. I'm the wrong guy to engineer that equipment however. Thirty or more years ago, manufacturers got enamored with amplification measurements and produced some really execrable receivers and amps.
When the original article on using twisted pair Radio Shack wire for speaker cable came out in Stereophile, my listening buddy and I figured we could do a cheap test on our own. A spool of red and black might have cost a total of $ 10. Subjective yes, and perhaps not 100% normalized, but we spent an evening doing blind A/B comparisons and sipping our preferred beverages. Both of us could easily tell to which cable we were listening.
Stephen, I had an opportunity to pick up a 3.5 mm m/m cable for my traveling kit at Radio Shack called Auvio. Sounds great, perhaps you could do a review. Certainly is priced right.
Best, Fran
Stephen, I had an opportunity to pick up a 3.5 mm m/m cable for my traveling kit at Radio Shack called Auvio. Sounds great, perhaps you could do a review. Certainly is priced right.
Hi Fran. That's twice this week that someone's mentioned the Auvio cables. I'll have to check them out. Thanks.
Thank you for a great review of the Thinksound ms01 and for pointing out such a great sounding and affordable set of portable headphones. As a long time Klipsch s4i user, I enjoyed my headphones a lot but knew there was just "something" that was not 100% right with them. I had noticed the harshness but always thought it was the fault of my rips or settings, but, with your review you hit the nail on the head for me.
I generally am not an impulse buyer, but within a day of reading your review I was online ordering not only a set of ms01's, but also the appropriate Comply pad upgrades (I'm a distance runner and use these for long multi-hour runs and bike rides). I could not be more pleased, the harshness from the songs is gone, the phones are much more enjoyable to listen to for extended periods, and the Klipsch units have now been relegated to my cube at the office to block out the sounds from the rest of the staff, in a definite non-audiophile setting.
Thank you again for findings such great products to review and profile and I look forward to your continuing sagas and stories.
Here's the problem: two pieces of wire linking an amplifier and a loudspeaker and delivering AC of varying frequencies are doing a far more complex job than two pieces of wire delivering 6 volts of DC from a battery to a lightbulb. You can easily meausure the properties of the cable in the latter situation: inductance, capacitance, resistance but those same measurements will vary widely with so many variables on either end of a cable between an amplifier and a loudspeaker.
Sadly, it really is "cut and try" when it comes to audio cables . . . either interconnects or speaker cables. And, to the extent that static measures can be useful, it seems that high inductance on a loudspeaker cable is not good, but high capacitance is o.k. but high capacitance on an interconnect is not good; but high inductance is o.k.
Even to these "rules" there are lots of exceptions, sadly, for the buyer.
Amplitude, phase, and frequency data can be very precisely measured at the input and output ends of any cable - precisely establishing the effect or lack thereof produced by the cable. Electricity maybe magic to a total newbie or a fraud who's bent on establishing a scam. Inductive, capacitive, and resistive phenomena have been studied ad nauseum. There is no mystery. No magic. Anyone who insists that there is is either a complete fraud or a moron. Take your pick.
Well this could be easily settled: there must be measurements since these smart engineers who manufactured the better cable created it, no? And since they even went into designing a series of cables at various prices, it must be easy to simply ask the manufacturer for their comparative designer sheet.
i can appreciate why some people get all geeked out over numbers, stats, measurements, etc. most equipment can be measured by these. I enjoyed the columnist's article and insight about speaker cable (as well as some posters: very useful info). sometimes you just need to listen to the music....and not over analyze everything. or you can be a pompous, insulting blowhard. whatever works i guess.
what was it about the Rocket 33 that made them a better choice for listening to the Polk RTi A3?
The Polks could sound bright, forward, and edgy. The AudioQuests' darker, fuller sound tempered those characteristics of the Polks, while the Kimbers' greater clarity and control tended to enhance the Polks' brightness.
I`ve read over and over the debate about cables, their high prices, snake oil-like claims what with all the talk of dielectric noise cancelling, gyroquad veristrand and field geometric technologies. Or whatever.
I noticed a set of fancy looking interconnects at a friends house set aside from his system, and he told me he wasnt using them anymore as he upgraded to some other cables (I later found out, Kimber) he offered me his old ones to try out before he put them on e-bay (Audioquest Jaguars 24v DBS XLR`s) and when I say fancy, they were a jacked up looking green color with a battery pack attached to them. Ridiculous looking, I laughed at them but decided what could it hurt to plug them in.
I connected them to my own system and noticed a big difference right away and could not believe it, not just that there were any difference at all but that the difference was very audible. It had more "musicality" and for the first time ever, I now truly understood the meaning of that word.
I checked all of my settings and other connections thinking I`d find some other explaination of what was happening, but realized after a quick return to those stock cables that it was indeed, these cables named after a cat.
I must have done 5 or 6 a/b comparisons before coming to that final conclusion.
I stood back and listened dumbfounded. "Hello kitty" .
I`m glad I never participated in those sometimes heated discussions regarding cables as I`d be eating my words and passing out apologies now.
Apparently my system has the "synergy" which makes it more susceptible to these audible changes to my equipment.
I see this as both a blessing and a curse. It has introduced me to higher levels of musical enjoyment, but it will also turn me into "one of them guys" who wonders about upgrades and then goes off to spend significant amounts of money pursuing that "next higher high" of musical enjoyment and justifying it by pointing out other things people blow money on.
The kittys are sitting in a cabinet now, a new set of Kimber Heros currently burning in and settling very nicely ...........just as the "cable people" said they will.


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CHAMPAIGN, Ill., July 30 (UPI) -- A previously unknown ancient cricket species has been discovered in a piece of hardened amber.
The amber was discovered more than half a century ago in the Dominican Republic among hundreds of amber pieces. But most of these artifacts, like the one containing the newly found locust, have been sitting neglected at the bottom of a bucket in lab storage.
Neglected no longer, researchers at the University of Illinois have recently reexamined the amber catalogue, finding a number of impressive specimens. This cricket species, which lived some 20 million years ago, is particularly special because it represents a new chapter in the evolutionary life of a subfamily of locusts called Cladonotinae.
Most modern locusts don't have wings, nor do most of them fly in any traditional sense. But almost all of their ancient ancestors had wings and did fly. This ancient pygmy grasshopper, dubbed Electrotettix attenboroughi (for beloved naturalist and TV personality David Attenborough), had small wings that were no longer useful for flying -- a sort of evolutionary stop over on the way from winged to wingless.
"We wouldn't exactly call it a missing link," explained Sam Heads, a paleontologist at the Illinois Natural History Survey (INHS), which is part of the Prairie Research Institute at the University of Illinois. "But it's certainly an interesting intermediate between a fully winged ancestor and a wingless descendent."
"Grasshoppers are very rare in amber and this specimen is extraordinarily well-preserved," Heads added.
The grasshopper was discovered inside a type of amber that also trapped wasps, ants, midges, plant remnants and fungi. Heads says these specimens offer clues as to the kind of environment they once thrived in.
The treasure trove of amber was first collected by INHS entomologist Milton Sanderson in the Dominican Republic in the 1950s. Now, after years of abandonment in Illinois, the collection is being appreciated once again, by Head and his colleagues.
Their new and improved findings were detailed in the latest edition of the journal ZooKeys.
"Fossil insects can provide lots of insight into the evolution of specific traits and behaviors, and they also tell us about the history of the time period," Heads said. "They're a tremendous resource for understanding the ancient world, ancient ecosystems and the ancient climate -- better even, perhaps, than dinosaur bones."


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Ireland's loss may be football's gain. Fifa may fast-track the approval of an additional assistant referee on each goal line in time for next summer's World Cup in South Africa. This system is currently being tested in the Europa League. As we well know, on-the-spot human judgment is not perfect, but an additional referee positioned by the goal would have been in a prime position to spot Thierry Henry's handball and could have helped unapologetic referee Martin Hansson make the right call. As evidence of this, take a look at the cartoon below which was originally published in The Daily Mail newspaper.
Others, including Arsene Wenger and Sir Alex Ferguson, have called for the introduction of video replay into football. Many tradition-minded sports have incorporated video replay into their gameplay, including cricket, rugby union and tennis.
Now, what say you, EPL Talkers? Would you favor the full-on global introduction of an additional assistant referee on each goal line? Or the introduction of video replay for goals? Or would you rather the game remain policed as-is?
We should find out what FIFA's decision will be after their emergency meeting on December 2nd. But until then, let's hear it from you, the readers.
Share your opinion in the comments section below.


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09.01.09 Venice Public Artwall, Tonan, the Venice Skate Park, Bike Path and beautiful Canadian women
(Venice, Ca Aug. 31st, 2009) So, I walked out the door as usual on Monday with my camera to take photos of the Public Art Walls. I ran into Tonan, the guardian of the Venice new skate park. He was hanging out with three beautiful bikini clad girls from Toronto, Canada. We did an impromptu photo shoot. It was quite fun. The Public Art Walls, new Venice Skatepark, bike path and Tonan's area provided the perfect backdrop. As well, Tonan gave the ladies from Canada a skateboard lesson. Later on, I waded into the water with my camera and captured the sunset surfers. It was quite refreshing. I am not sure if it was the Mount Wilson fire, or not, but it was one of the hottest days of the year. Gosh, we are so lucky to live by the beach.Read More
_________ Visit www.VenicePaparazzi.com and www.VisitVeniceCa.com
_________ Visit www.VenicePaparazzi.com and www.VisitVeniceCa.com


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Jean Sahmie, Hopi, Polychrome jar with migration pattern design
$ 1250
Polychrome jar with migration pattern design
6 in H by 7 1/4 in Dia
Condition: Very good with some rubs
Signature: J Sahme
100 West San Francisco Street, Santa Fe, New Mexico 87501
(505) 986-1234 - www.andreafisherpottery.com - All Rights Reserved
Jean SahmeHopi
Born in 1948, Jean Sahme Nampeyo is a Hopi-Tewa potter from the village of Hano at First Mesa on the Hopi Reservation. Her mother was Priscilla Namingha Nampeyo, her father Emerson Namingha. She is the eldest daughter in a family of eight brothers and sisters. Jean has a daughter named Donella and she is now grandmother to two wonderful kids, Kaniela and Keanu.
After years of watching and sometimes helping, Jean began seriously working with clay in 1972, working alongside her mother and grandmother (Rachel Namingha Nampeyo), both of whom mentored and influenced her styles, designs and techniques. Jean vividly remembers advice her grandmother gave her "to respect and follow the traditional method for it will sustain your livelihood." Jean has followed that advice closely all her life and in 2014 she was declared an "Arizona Living Treasure."
Jean makes a whole range of shapes from cylinders to canteens to effigy pots. Her favorite designs to decorate them include butterflies, migration patterns, bird elements, rain and cloud patterns.
Jean's work can be found in various galleries, museums, private collections, colleges and universities in the United States and abroad. Jean was given the Hopi name, Sak'Honsee (Tobacco Flower) at birth and that's how she has signed many of her creations. She also spells her name "Sahme" instead of the usual "Sahmie."
Tewa Village and First Mesa
The Hopi people live in villages on or around three primary mesas in northeast Arizona. Some of these communities have been continuously occupied since the 12th century. Because they lived in isolation longer than any other pueblo group, the Hopis retain much of their traditional religion, lifestyle and language. That said, the Hopi mesas have also long been sanctuaries for other tribes during times of great drought or great hardship (such as those brought on by the Spanish in the early years of their colonization of Nuevo Mexico). As a result, the landscape around First Mesa is littered with the remains of villages once founded by people speaking Keresan, Towa, Tewa and other languages.
The Hopi pottery tradition is quite varied with roots traced as far away as vitrified ceramics found in the environs of Valdivia, Ecuador, and produced between 1200 and 1500 BC. Archaeologists excavating in the ruins around First Mesa found shards of pottery styles and painted designs also found in the Rio Salado region and among the ancient Sinagua settlements in the Wupatki, Tuzigoot, Walnut Canyon and Homolovi areas (all abandoned between about 950 and 1200 AD).
The area around Jeddito was occupied by Towa-speaking people from the Four Corners region beginning around 1275. The Jeddito area is where Jeddito yellow is found, the clay that made the pottery shards of Sikyátki so spectacular. Beginning in the 1400's, Keres-speaking people arriving from the east began to build what became Awatovi, on Antelope Mesa between Jeddito and First Mesa. Sikyátki itself was also built by people from the east beginning in the early 1300's. At first Sikyátki was inhabited solely by the Kokop (Firewood) clan, then the Coyote clan came and grew to become the largest single clan in the village. Why the village was destroyed is shadowed in myth but Jesse Walter Fewkes (the first archaeologist to excavate in the Sikyátki area) felt the village was destroyed before the first Spanish visitor arrived in 1540. Oral history has it that Sikyátki and its people were wiped out but the clans that lived in the village have somehow continued to exist.
The Hopi Cultural Center
The ruins at Awatovi (on Antelope Mesa, east of Walpi and south of Keams Canyon) have yielded pottery shards in styles and with designs that were also prominent in the prehistoric village now known as Pottery Mound (in central New Mexico). Among the pot shards found at Pottery Mound are plain and decorated Hopi products, white clay products from the Acoma-Zuni area and red clay products from north-central New Mexico. Pottery Mound was abandoned a few decades before the Spanish arrived in New Mexico in 1540. It has been reported that the residents of Awatovi were Keres-speaking people from the Laguna-Acoma area (where Pottery Mound is) and, as such, were not as resistant as the Hopi themselves were to the Christianizing practices of the Spanish Franciscan monks when they came into the Hopi lands around 1609. As Awatovi was the only pueblo in the Hopi region to construct a Christian mission, most archaeologists attribute that to the reason why residents of Walpi and Old Oraibi destroyed the village and killed nearly all its residents in the fall of 1700. However, at the time of that destruction, Awatovi was the largest and most populous pueblo in the Hopi mesas. That was also shortly after Hopi recruiters went to the Rio Grande Pueblos for Tewa warriors to relocate near the Hopis. It was also around 1690 that the people of Walpi were relocating from their old pueblo at the foot of First Mesa to their new location atop the southernmost finger of First Mesa, a move made for defensive reasons.
Tewa warriors and their families began arriving in the area in 1696 and were steered to take up residence at the foot of First Mesa along the only route to the mesa top (in that location, the Tewas would be the first people to encounter incoming Spanish military - the Hopis atop First Mesa felt they would make a good first line of defense should the Spanish attempt to reconquer them). The Tewas were also good at repulsing Ute, Paiute and Navajo raiders. After they won a famous battle against the Utes they built Tewa Village (also known as Hano) at the foot of First Mesa. Some of the Tewa women were potters and in the ages-old way, they slowly shared what they knew with Hopi potters, and vice versa. That cross-pollination went on for years, and not just with pottery. Cross-cultural marriages happened, too, and today the people are known as Hopi, Hopi-Tewa and Tewa, depending on their ancestry. And while Tewa Village is completely surrounded by the Hopi Reservation, many of the residents are fluent in Tewa, Hopi and English. Some are fluent in Spanish and Navajo, too.
During those same troubled times Towa-speaking people from Jemez Pueblo migrated to Hopi and Navajo territory (in the Jeddito Wash area) to escape the violence of the Spanish reconquest. They established familial ties that are still in place today (which may explain why Jeddito Wash is a Navajo Reservation area surrounded by the Hopi Reservation). The village of Sichomovi on First Mesa was founded in the late 1700's by members of the Wild Mustard Clan, Roadrunner Clan and others who'd come to the area from east of Santa Fe (Pecos Pueblo and the pueblos of the Galisteo Basin). Around 1800 a long period of severe drought caused many Hopis to migrate to Zuni territory and once the drought had broken, most returned to their ancestral lands. While at Zuni many Hopi potters picked up the Zuni method of white-slipping their pottery and continued to produce white ware after returning to Hopi. However, their quality wasn't nearly as good as that of Hopi pottery produced pre-1700.
The quality, styles and designs of Sikyátki had lived on in Awatovi pottery, although the potters of Awatovi were also enamored of using a white slip on top of the Jeddito clay base. The potters of Awatovi also introduced some new designs (the "Awatovi star" being one) but after the village was destroyed, very little of their knowledge and practice passed on. Hopi ceramics entered a virtual Dark Age for almost 200 years.
By the mid-1800's the Hopi pottery tradition had been almost completely abandoned, its utilitarian purposes being taken over by cheap enamelware brought in by Anglo traders. Hopi pottery production sputtered along until the late 1800's when one woman, Nampeyo of Hano, almost single-handedly revived it. Nampeyo lived in Tewa Village on First Mesa and was inspired by pot shards found among the nearby ruins of the ancient village of Sikyátki. Today credit is given to Nampeyo for fully reviving the Sikyátki style. She was so good that Jesse Walter Fewkes, the first archaeologist to formally excavate Sikyátki, was concerned that her creations would shortly become confused with those made hundreds of years previously.
Sikyátki pottery shapes are very distinctive: flattened jars with wide shoulders; low, open bowls decorated inside; seed jars with small openings and flat tops; painting methods of splattering and stippling and very distinctive designs. The Sikyátki style originally evolved when Keres and Towa-speaking potters from New Mexico got together with Water Clan potters from the Hohokam areas of southern Arizona and northern Mexico and they began working with clays found in the Jeddito area. Over the years other clans came to the area and made their own contributions to what we now know as "Sikyátki Polychrome." Accoding to Jesse Walter Fewkes, that merging of styles, techniques and designs created some of the finest ceramics ever produced in prehistoric North America.
Today's Hopi pottery tends to be a white, yellow, orange or buff colored background decorated with designs in red and black mineral paints. Painted designs tend to fill the entire space, often with an asymmetrical and symmetrical design. Most of the symbology painted on Hopi pottery is themed with "bird elements:" eagle tails, feathers, bird wings and migration patterns. Many Hopi, Hopi-Tewa and Tewa potters are members of the Corn Clan and their annual religious cycle revolves around the seasons of corn. The vast majority of today's Hopi pottery shapes and the designs painted on them are obvious descendants of the work of Sikyátki and Awatovi potters.
Hopi at Wikipedia
The Hopi Tribe official website
Prehistoric Hopi Pottery Designs, Jesse Walter Fewkes
Upper photos courtesy of TheArmchairExplorer, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License
Lower photos courtesy of the Museum of New Mexico
Nampeyo of Hano Family Tree
Disclaimer: This "family tree" is a best effort on our part to determine who the potters are in this family and arrange them in a generational order. The general information available is questionable so we have tried to show each of these diagrams to living members of each family to get their input and approval, too. This diagram is subject to change should we get better info.
Nampeyo of Hano (c. 1859-1942) & Lesou (c. 1860-1942)
- Annie Healing Nampeyo (1884-1968) & Will Healing
Their descendants who became potters:
- Rachel Namingha Nampeyo (1903-1985) & Emerson Namingha (d. 1992)
Their descendants who became potters:
- Priscilla Namingha Nampeyo (1924-2008) & Donnelly Sahmie (d. 2008)
Their descendants who became potters:
- Jean Sahmie (b. 1949) & Gordon Tom
- Donella Zacharias (b. 1972)
- Kaniela Kootswatewa
- Donella Zacharias (b. 1972)
- Randall Sahmie (1950-2008)
- Randall Sahmie Jr. & Lisa Willa
- Andrew Louis Sahmie (b. 1952) & Ida Sahmie (Navajo, b. 1960)
- Nyla Sahmie (b. 1954) & Christopher
Her descendants who became potters:
- Kenneth Lynch (b. 1974)
- Tara Lynch
- Kira Lynch
- Michael Collateta (b. 1981)
- Kenneth Lynch (b. 1974)
- Rachel Sahmie (b. 1956) & Ollie Talashie
- Carla Talashie
- Sean Michael Talashie
- Madison Moreno
- Carla Talashie
- Bonnie Chapella Sahmie Nampeyo (b. 1958) & Ernest Chapella
- Doyle Sahmie
- Sahmie Chapella
- Jean Sahmie (b. 1949) & Gordon Tom
- Ruth James Namingha (1926-2012)
Her descendants who became potters:
- Darlene Vigil Nampeyo (b. 1956) & Felix Vigil (Jemez)
- Candice James
- Darlene Vigil Nampeyo (b. 1956) & Felix Vigil (Jemez)
- Eleanor Lucas (b. 1926)
Her descendants who became potters:
- Steve Lucas (b. 1955)
- Emerson Namingha
His descendants who became potters:
- Les Namingha (b. 1967) & Jocelyn Quam Namingha (Zuni)
- Lillian Namingha
- Dextra Quotskuyva Nampeyo (b. 1928)
Her descendants who became potters:
- Hisi Quotskuyva Nampeyo (b. 1964)
- Priscilla Namingha Nampeyo (1924-2008) & Donnelly Sahmie (d. 2008)
- Daisy Hooee Nampeyo (1906-1994)
Her descendants who became potters:
- Shirley Benn (b. 1936)
- Beatrice Naha Nampeyo (1912-1942)
- Regina Naha
- Terry Naha
- Regina Naha
- Rachel Namingha Nampeyo (1903-1985) & Emerson Namingha (d. 1992)
- Nellie Nampeyo Douma (1896-1978)
Her descendants who became potters:
- Marie Koopee (b. 1917)
Her descendants who produced a potter:
- Jacob Koopee, Sr. (b. 1940) & Georgia Dewakuku Koopee (b. 1944)
Their descendants who became potters:
- Jacob Koopee (1970-2011)
- Jacob Koopee, Sr. (b. 1940) & Georgia Dewakuku Koopee (b. 1944)
- Augusta Poocha Nampeyo (d. pre-1998)
- Marie Koopee (b. 1917)
- Fannie Polacca Nampeyo (1900-1987) & Vinton Polacca
Their descendants who became potters:
- Elva Tewaguna Nampeyo (1926-1985)
Her descendants who became potters:
- Miriam Tewaguna Nampeyo (b. 1956)
- Adelle Lalo Nampeyo (b. 1959)
- Elton Tewaguna (b. 1953)
- Neva Polacca Choyou Nampeyo (b. 1947)
- Leah Garcia Nampeyo (1928-1974)
Her descendants who became potters:
- Melda Nampeyo (b. 1959)
- James Garcia Nampeyo (1958-2019)
- Rayvin Garcia Nampeyo (b. 1961)
- Harold Polacca Nampeyo (b. 1930)
His descendants who became potters:
- Clinton Polacca (b. 1958)
- Vernida Polacca Nampeyo (b. 1955)
- Reva Polacca Ami (b. 1964)
- Tonita Hamilton Nampeyo (b. 1934)
Her descendants who became potters:
- Loren Hamilton (b. 1961)
- Tom Polacca (1935-2003)
His descendants who became potters:
- Gary Polacca Nampeyo (b. 1955)
- Delmar Polacca
- Carla Claw (b. 1961)
- Elvira Naha (b. 1968)
- Iris Youvella Nampeyo (b. 1944) & Wallace Youvella, Sr. (b. 1947)
Their descendants who became potters:
- Nolan Youvella (b. 1970)
- Wallace Youvella Jr.
- Elva Tewaguna Nampeyo (1926-1985)
Their descendants who became potters:
Santa Fe, NM 87501


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"Small town, big beach." That's the mantra in Gulf Shores, the southern most settlement in Alabama. Folks say it has the "world's whitest beaches" – 32 miles of them to be exact – made almost entirely from washed quartz grains of the Appalachian Mountains centuries ago. Beach rentals in Gulf Shores expose travelers to bright turquoise waters and sand so soft that it squeaks under your feet.
Find adventure between relaxation, with a host of watersports and outdoor excursions. Vacation rentals inland are minutes from family-friendly attractions and mouthwatering local cuisine. Condo rentals sit along the nine championship golf courses, including high-profile layouts like Cypress Bend, designed by famous golfer Arnold Palmer.
With its year round warm temps and breezy winds off the Gulf of Mexico, Gulf Shores is an ideal vacation spot for family and friends.
Some argue that the best part of a beach vacation isn't the beach, but the ocean. Condo rentals in Gulf Shores are surrounded by opportunities for watersports and other oceanic activities. The Gulf Adventure Center at Gulf State Park has four ziplines humming high above Lake Shelby. The Down Under Dive Shop has guided snorkeling, diving and scuba trips. Kayaking, jet skiing, parasailing, paddleboarding, dolphin watching and more are steps away from your beachfront vacation rental.
Take a family fishing trip with Dream Charters and haul in some local catch – cobia, snapper, king mackerel and other fish. With free fish cleaning, you can grill it up for dinner as soon as you get back to your vacation home! Beach rentals in Gulf Shores neighbor Orange Beach, named one of The Ultimate Fishing Towns in America, with many charters willing to navigate you that way.
The land offers as much as the sea in Gulf Shores. Vacation rentals here are perfect for the kids, with attractions like The Track Family Recreation Center, offering bumper boats, go-karts, mini-golf and other thrilling rides for all ages. Condo rentals off Gulf Shores Parkway are minutes from Waterville USA. Families and friends alike will marvel at the lions, tigers and bears (oh my!) at the Alabama Gulf Coast Zoo.
History buffs will love how close the Gulf Shores condo rentals are from Fort Morgan, the site of the Civil War Battle of Mobile Bay. And the Gulf Shores Museum located right in town offers exhibits dating back to World War II. Artsy folks should look at vacation rentals during the month of May, where the massive three-day "Hangout Music Festival" takes place on the public beaches of Gulf Shores, featuring top acts from genres like indie, rock, hip-hop and electronic dance music. Beach rentals along the sandy ridge place you right in the action.
Condo rentals in the heart of downtown offer savory dining options with locally sourced ingredients and catch-of-the-day entrees. Beach rentals are surrounded by oceanfront hotspots like King Neptune's Seafood Restaurant and Doc's Seafood Shack and Oyster Bar. The open-air style of most establishments, along with live entertainment and play areas for children, make the nightlife scene fun for the whole family.
Vacation rentals in Gulf Shores let you have a laid-back beach experience with adventure when you want it. Beach rentals from villas to condos to cottages abound in this eccentric Alabama town. TripAdvisor Vacation Rentals has the best deals and specials on all Gulf Shores properties.


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It all began in South Africa in 1991, where we were a small start-up asset manager offering domestic strategies in an emerging market. Over twenty five years of growth later we're an international business managing approximately $148.9 billion (30.09.19) for clients based all over the world.
Investec Asset Management provides investment products and services to institutions, advisory clients and individuals. Our clients include pension funds, central banks, sovereign wealth funds, insurers, foundations, financial advisers and individual investors.
Our mission is to exceed our clients' expectations. Achieve this, and we create profitable partnerships between our clients, our shareholders and our employees.
A truly unique journey. Our emerging market growth story is unmatched. But there's no magic formula to our success. We believe it's down to the stability of our team, our enduring culture and our unwavering commitment to our clients.
Our culture is a reflection of who we are as people. Originally a reflection of our founders, like them, it still guides us today. At its heart is 'the freedom to create'. People work best when they're free to pursue and express their conviction.
This approach attracts dynamic individuals – original spirits who want to pursue their passions and interests.
Such personalities thrive in a non-hierarchical workplace, so we give that to them. We encourage honesty and discussion. And we organise and empower our teams to inspire diversity of perspective.
Domenico (Mimi) Ferrini, Co-Chief Executive Officer andCo-Chief Investment Officer
John Green, Co-Chief Executive Officer
Kim McFarland, Chief Operating Officer
John McNab, Co-Chief Investment Officer
Philip Anker, Managing Director, North America
Khadeeja Bassier, Global Head of Product Managment
Hendrik du Toit, Joint Chief Executive Officer, Investec Group *Investments carry a risk of capital loss
We've always said that if you look after your clients, your bottom line should look after itself. And we feel the same way about awards. They're not something we chase. That said, we're delighted when our peers and partners recognise our contribution.


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Feds To Monitor Mississippi Vote
"We go out and do these things from time to time," a DOJ said, when asked whether anything in particular sparked the Department's interest.
[National: The Justice Reports]
The Department of Justice plans to monitor elections tomorrow in the towns of Cleveland, Como, Meridian and Sardis, Miss., to ensure compliance with the Voting Rights Act of 1965, a spokesperson told The Black Star News.
"We go out and do these things from time to time," a DOJ said, when asked whether anything in particular sparked the Department's interest.
"Last year we deployed Federal observers to monitor elections. This could have resulted from anything. Mississippi, the entire state is covered by sections of the 1965 Civil Rights Act."
Under the landmark Act, the Justice Department is authorized to ask the U.S. Office of Personnel Management to send federal observers to areas that are specially covered in the act or by a federal court order, the Department said.
"Federal observers will be assigned to monitor polling place activities for the election in the town of Cleveland based on the special coverage provisions," the Department added.
"The observers will watch and record activities during voting hours at polling locations in this jurisdiction, and Civil Rights Division attorneys will coordinate the federal activities and maintain contact with local election officials. In addition, Justice Department personnel will monitor the municipal elections in the towns of Como, Meridian and Sardis for compliance with the Voting Rights Act."
On April 29, in a separate case, the U.S. Supreme Court heard a legal challenge to a key provision of the Voting Rights Act in Northwest Austin Municipal Utility District Number One v. Holder.
The NAACP Legal Defense Fund presented argument to the Court in defense of the law in a case that is widely regarded as one of the most important voting rights cases in recent time.
At issue was the Section 5 preclearance provision which requires a select number of jurisdictions with a history of racial discrimination in voting to submit new voting laws to the Department of Justice or a federal court for preapproval -- a process known as preclearance.
The Appellant, a small Texas-based utility district, filed the case seeking to end its responsibility for having its voting changes reviewed but more significantly to have the preclearance provision of the Act declared unconstitutional.
U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia rejected the suit last spring finding Congress well within its authority to renew this key provision of the Voting Rights Act in light of significant evidence of ongoing voting discrimination in the jurisdictions where the law applies.
Justice Department officials said each year, the Justice Department deploys hundreds of federal observers from the Office of Personnel Management, as well as departmental staff, to monitor elections across the country.
In calendar year 2008, for example, 1,060 federal observers and 344 Department personnel were sent to monitor 114 elections in 76 jurisdictions in 24 states.
To file complaints about discriminatory voting practices, including acts of harassment or intimidation, voters may call the Voting Section of the Justice Department's Civil Rights Division at 1-800-253-3931.
(With contributions from PRNewswire)
Readers can access more information about the Voting Rights Act and other federal voting laws at www.usdoj.gov/crt/voting/
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Thomas Fleming is the former editor of Chronicles: A Magazine of American Culture. He is the author of The Politics of Human Nature, Montenegro: The Divided Land, and The Morality of Everyday Life, named Editors' Choice in philosophy by Booklist in 2005. He is the coauthor of The Conservative Movement and the editor of Immigration and the American Identity. He holds a Ph.D. in classics from the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. Before joining the Rockford Institute, he taught classics at the University of Miami of Ohio, served as an advisor to the U.S. Department of Education, and was headmaster at the Archibald Rutledge Academy. He has been published in, among others, The Spectator (London), Independent on Sunday (London), Los Angeles Times, Washington Post, USA Today, Chicago Sun-Times, National Review, Classical Journal, Telos, and Modern Age. He and his wife, Gail, have four children and four grandchildren.
On the Wings of a Snow White Dove
No News Is Good News
The Ugly Beautiful Losers
A Visit to Ali Pasha, Part 2
A Visit to Ali Pasha
Living With the Past
America's Best Friend, R.I.P.
Nuclear Baksheesh
Mapping Verona
The Shape of Sicilian Water
Tom Fleming's Complainte
Family Tradition
Why They Fought
A Plague on Both Their Houses
A Different Drum
Aliens and Strangers
Dante's Path to Heaven
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Rebuilding the Family Castle
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And All Shall Equal Be
The Wasted Century
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America's Grand Strategy
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National Debtors
Eugenio Corti, R.I.P.
In Search of the Bourgeoisie
The Mandela Mandala
Answering Islam
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Terminators, Inc.
Goodbye to All What?
The Best Schooling Money Can Buy
Looking Backwards
Classical Christian Marriage
Fiat Values
Facts and Opinions
Thoroughly Modern Millies
Dead Souls
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Voting for Monarchy
"We Want the World, and We Want It Now!"
Men Men Men Men Manly Men Men Men
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Do Androids Tweet...?
Texas's Pound of Pluck
Dead Stars,Black Holes
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Lessons of the War
In the Gutter With the GOP
Rome and Jerusalem
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Deforming Education
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To Save One Child
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Looking Backwards
Lighting a Candle
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Cheating "Honest" Men
Divide and Conquer
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When the Going Gets Tough. . .
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Going Through the Motions
Something to Remember
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Substandard: The End of an Illusion
Stepping Backward
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Immigration, Neighbors, and Enemies
Free Men of a Republic
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Dead Romans and Live Americans
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Chinese Monkeys on Our Backs
Lost in the 50's
Sex and Marriage in San Francisco
Bush's Whips, McCain's Scorpions
Texas: Exes and Sexes
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Beastie Boys
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"Make Me Do Right or Make Me Do Wrong, I'm Your Puppet"
Counting People and People Who Count
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If Pigs Could Fly
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New Wine in Old Bottles
Where the Ashley and the Cooper Rivers Meet . . .
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Europe's Belgian Future
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The Beauty of Holiness, the Holiness of Beauty
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Agrarianism From Hesiod to Bradford
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The Republic We Betrayed
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The Balkans in Brief
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Peace in the Land of Sojourn
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Love the One You're With
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Sit Down, Be Comfortable!
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It^s All Too Beautiful
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Under the Ruble or An Idiot Abroad
Athens and Jerusalem
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Under Western Lies
Power for Sale
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Go East, Young Man
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Unholy Dying
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America, From Republic to Ant Farm
A Constant Plague
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Sublime As Ever
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America Through the Looking Glass
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Poets and the Art of Interior Design
Divorce Italian Style
First Fruits
The Loser in a Lawn Chair
Further Reflections on Violence
Revolution and Tradition in the Humanities Curriculum
Why Are You Happy?
Short Views on Earth Day
A Not So Wonderful Life
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Peace on Earth Among Men of Good Will
Banana Republicans
Nunc Est Bibendum
A Prayer for My Daughters
The Closing of the Conservative Mind
Rock and Roll Never Forgets
Second Thoughts
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Life and Death in a House Divided
The Real American Dilemma
Kazin and Caligula?
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Traveler's Tales
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Rights of Clergy
Citizens of the Welfare State
Sexual Habits
Freedom of Opinion and Democracy
Avoiding Democracy
Homage To T.S. Eliot
The Statecraft of Stooges
A Time to Reap
Place of Asylum
Tyranny In a Good Cause
West Beats East
The Price Of Free Verse
Cultural Conservation
The Triumph of Time
Arms and The Man
Thrice-Told Tales
Literacy Before the Revolution
No Latin, Much Less Greek
The Magnificent Tarkington
The Business of Business
Speak the Word Only
Plain People
The Uses of Diversity: Recovering the Recent Past
Short Views
Going Back to Charleston
Journalists and Other Anthropoids
Fruitless Grain
Old Adam, New Eve
Getting America Right
Rock 'N' Roll Never Forgets: Healing the Wounds of the 60's
Trouble in Paradise
Conspiracies Against the Nation
King, Queen, Knave—Mind, Brain, and Body
Successful Crimes
Between the Lines
Aloha, Captain Cook
Shelter From the Storm
Zeus, Whoever He Is
All Gone in Search of America
La Vie en Rouge
Waiting For the End
Leave the Kids Alone
The Serbian Muse
Why Another Magazine of Ideas?
Friends of the Family
Shine, Perishing Republic
Thunder on the Right
...Who Help Themselves
Genes & Jingo
Censorship: When to Say No
Censorship: When to Say No
Pragmatic Problems
Eviscerating the Heartland


text:
For generations, the residents of a small, rural slice of Mexico's Sierra Madre mountains have pursued their livelihoods at the expense of the monarch butterfly. Now, locals and the migrating insects have forged an unlikely alliance. Phil Primack travels to Michoacán to investigate.
Author Phil Primack
AS THE PEOPLE AROUND HIM huff and puff their way along a rocky trail 10,000 feet up in Mexico's Sierra Madre mountains, Javier Martínez Colín walks with the easy gait of a man in familiar territory. The 56-year-old chairman of his local ejido, or agricultural collective, says little as the path narrows and the forest grows denser. The group is entering the Sierra Chincua sanctuary, and Martínez knows what's coming next.
A solitary butterfly flitters over the path. Then five, then a dozen. Before long, the air is thick with them. Weighing just half a gram each, the insects cling to the trees in such numbers that the branches bend under their weight. Finally, the trees don't look like trees at all, but tree-shaped clumps of wings. Beneath his white straw cowboy hat, Martínez looks on coolly as his charges fumble for their cameras. All his life he has watched las monarcas return to their winter retreats in the states of Michoacán and Mexico, turning the forest into a vivid swirl of orange and black. He played with them as a kid.
Monarch migration to this beautiful but poor slice of Mexico is now recognized as a wonder of the natural world. UNESCO granted the protected sanctuaries World Heritage Site status in 2008. However, the butterflies were not always warmly embraced here. "People used to think the monarchs were the souls of the departed," Martínez says, explaining that the butterflies' five-month stay usually begins around Nov. 1, Mexico's Day of the Dead. Later, as their numbers declined and conservation efforts were taken up, the monarchs came to be viewed as actual impediments to human survival, sparking illegal logging rackets and, in places, civil unrest.
It's been a long, difficult struggle, but it has finally ended. In Sierra Chincua, Martínez leans back against an oyamel fir, the hum of countless butterfly wings overhead. Having grown up helping his father log these forests, he knows his livelihood now relies on something that until recently seemed inconceivable: keeping them intact.
IT'S AN AGE-OLD CONSERVATIONIST CONUNDRUM, one that is played out in various forms across the world: the conflicting environmental needs of humans and wildlife. Historically, of course, humans have generally prevailed—sometimes to the extent that a rival species is displaced altogether. By the mid-1980s, there was a real concern that this would be the fate of Mexico's monarchs, whose habitat was being destroyed at an alarming rate. But when the government moved to formally restrict logging in these areas, it provoked an angry response.
"At first, people resented what the government did," says Ana Maria Muñiz Salcedo, co-founder of Alternare, a Michoacán-based nonprofit that promotes sustainable living. "People depended on the trees for income and to cook and to heat their houses. This was a major switch in their way of life, but nobody came to ask them—even though they were the owners of the forests."
Things intensified in 2000 with the establishment of the Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve, a protection zone that encompasses about 217 square miles (an area roughly the size of Chicago). The reserve was good news for las monarcas, but not for those residents whose livelihoods were effectively cut off. "We did not have a good first impression about the government's plans," recalls Martínez, as a monarch lands on his shoulder. "People were worried."
Many simply ignored the restrictions, while others organized illegal logging gangs—or "mafias," as the locals called them—that developed a fearsome reputation. Even after the forests came under federal protection, more than 1,000 acres a year were still being cleared. The police made arrests. Some locals dug ditches and set fires to deter the chain saw-toting thugs in their communities. There were even calls for a permanent military presence in the area. But the efforts were neither consistent nor coordinated, and the monarchs' habitat continued to dwindle.
Then, in 2004, the World Wildlife Fund, which had been struggling to protect the monarchs for more than two decades, proposed a radical solution. Rather than trying to compel people to stop destroying the forests, it said, why not create an environment in which they would want to stop? "We help people understand that, if managed well, these forests could generate a lot of money for all of them," explains Eduardo Rendón Salinas, who directs the WWF's monarch program in Mexico. "People have become conscious of the benefits of the forest not only to the monarchs, but also to their own lives."
A GOOD EXAMPLE OF THE CHANGE taking hold can be found in the story of two brothers, Miguel and Salvador Cayetano Contreras. In the indigenous community of Crescencio Morales, located in a valley below the monarchs' mountain reserves, the brothers tend to thousands of firs and other pine trees. The saplings grow in long, orderly rows in the small field that is home to the subsidized vivero, or nursery, that they set up after returning from a decade working construction in New York. The idea is that Miguel and Salvador will grow trees to replenish the forests that were culled by loggers, while proceeds from the sale of the trees will help protect these same forests in the future. "The project is part of an agreement we made not to cut trees, in exchange for support for the vivero," says Miguel. "Even though the monarch does not fly here, we benefit from it."
Modesta Flores Sánchez is part of a similar program. Behind a simple cinder-block house lined with flowers, she keeps a small greenhouse full of the mushrooms that she and other members of her ejido have been trained to grow and sell. "This has made things better for us," she says, gesturing at the modest crop as two of her grandchildren look on.
Using public and private donations, the WWF covered the $5,000 startup cost for the mushroom enterprise, and has supported others like it across the reserve area—again, with the aim of drawing people out of the forests and into the fields. Or sometimes the gift shops.
A great many of the work-creation schemes here have focused on the ecotourism market. The four butterfly sanctuaries open to the public attract as many as 150,000 visitors a year, sparking a need for everything from tour guides to food vendors to vigilancia comunitaria, or community surveillance teams, which patrol the reserves and report illegal logging. Still, it was a tough sell. "When the reserve was created, I had to convince people to work with the government," says Roberto Contreras Rodríguez, secretary of the ejido of El Rosario, home to the area's largest and most visited butterfly sanctuary. "They were skeptical. But now they see that the tourists are coming."
The primary source of funding for many of these initiatives is the Monarch Butterfly Conservation Fund, established in 2000 with a $5 million endowment from the David and Lucile Packard Foundation, plus $1.5 million from government sources. From 2000 through 2012, about $2.6 million in interest has been distributed to communities and private landowners around the monarch sanctuaries. Today, more than 18,000 people receive money directly or indirectly from the fund, the WWF says.
Given that there are 200,000 or so people living in the area around the butterfly reserves, that may not seem like a game-changing figure, but there's more to the effort than improving people's immediate situations. In large part, the idea is to establish new attitudes and patterns of behavior among locals, and in this regard the project is showing great promise. For example, Javier Martínez Colín, who once helped his father cut down trees on the site of the Sierra Chincua reserve, now works beside his own sons to preserve the forest.
Not that the monarch is in the clear yet—a combination of climate change, pesticides and the destruction of its milkweed food source by North American farmers is making the species' annual journey south extremely difficult. In the winter of 2005, enough monarchs arrived in Mexico to fill about 14 acres of forest; just six years later, the population needed only about half as much space.
The fact remains, though, that if the butterflies make it back to Mexico, they face much better prospects for survival. The WWF reports that illegal logging in and around the Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve is at its lowest point since the reserve was established in 2000—so low, in fact, as to be barely detectable. "After 12 years," says Omar Vidal, director of WWF-Mexico, "we now have a story of success."
EVERY MARCH, AFTER FIVE MONTHS hibernating and then mating in Mexico's sanctuaries, the monarchs head north. They will fly as far as 80 miles a day during their journey, catching thermals and being blown by the wind, ending up—a few generations later—3,000 or so miles away. The increasingly pressing question facing the people back in Mexico is: What then?
"The monarch is very important to the economy here," says the WWF's Rendón, "but we need to establish programs and a strategy for year-round tourism and other kinds of regional development."
You get the sense, though, that the area may have turned a corner, that people here are determined to see this through, on their own terms and in their own ways. The Cayetano brothers, for their part, would like to move beyond growing trees: They're seeking funding to start a sawmill to produce packaging for the avocados, pineapples, flowers and other plants that flourish all around them. "The population is growing up here," says Miguel. "If we don't give our children more opportunities, they will return to abusing the forest."
This is a real concern. People still speak anxiously about the gangs that ran the illegal logging operations, and fear that they'll come back if gains aren't made fast enough. But, again, there seems to be a sense of determination among locals to keep pressing forward. "If we stopped our patrols, the illegal loggers would immediately start again," says Marciano Solis Sacarias, who works at the largest of the WWF-supported tree nurseries in San Juan Xoconusco, an indigenous community in the state of Mexico. "But now they know we are well organized."
Sitting on stumps and planks, Solis and his co-workers are eating a lunch of beef grilled on a metal plate over a wood fire, accompanied by fresh avocados, peppers and a pile of tortillas. On about four acres of sloping field below stand nearly 800,000 young trees. Up to 50 locals, including women and children, work at this vivero during prime planting season. For them, the demise of the monarch would be unthinkable. "If it were not for the butterflies, we would not get support for this project," says Solis' brother, Fernando, hands in the pockets of his work-worn jeans. "We would have to migrate out of here."
PHIL PRIMACK is a writer and editor living outside Boston, a city famed for its annual (and somewhat less awe-inspiring) migration of college students.