text:
Friday, May 27, 2011
Is Your Blogging Persona You?
I have ideas of what people expect me to be like.
Because of my day job, I should be professional, serious, and industrious. Caring and selfless to the point of being part-Mother Theresa. Scientific but with a soft touch. Definitely the best red-tape cutter and paper-pusher you ever saw.
But online when I blog, I'm not that person. I express my love of reading and writing. I draw silly cartoons to go with my blog posts. I joke. I'm creative. I have writerly self-esteem issues.
I can't deny that my medical career is a huge part of who I am. But I'd also argue that on my blog, I'm more "me" than I am in the office.
To be honest? That's liberating.
And what's more, all of you who read my blog have embraced this part of me, and for that I'm in debt to you.
What about you? Is your online persona you? Or just a portion of your whole self?
Also, I'll be taking Monday off for Memorial Day. See you guys next Wednesday!
Posted by Lydia Kang at 6:30 AM
71 comments:
- Miranda Hardy said...
Like you, I have a different standard in my professional arena, but my blog feels more like home. I love my writer side, and the world of books.
- May 27, 2011 at 6:36 AM
- Laura Pauling said...
Of course, you don't see the whole part of me. But I'm pretty much me on my blog. As much as you can be through posts!
- May 27, 2011 at 6:38 AM
- Sarah said...
Just a part of me. I'm actually similar on my blog to how I am in person on the job. I mean, I don't talk to my clients about my issues with getting a revision done or my desire for a book deal, but I communicate in a similar way. Actually, I'm still exploring what my online persona really is. It's a process, I think.
- May 27, 2011 at 6:39 AM
- strawberry Princess said...
in my net world I am really me. but outside I am not who I am. I am who i should be, I act what is expected of me. There is something about the real me that can be seen on my professional life as well but not as much when I am in front of my netbook and typing on my blog...
- May 27, 2011 at 6:46 AM
- Alex J. Cavanaugh said...
I'm more professional and reserved in the real world, but here I get to be casual. And I like casual days!
- May 27, 2011 at 6:53 AM
- Artemis Grey said...
I'm almost totally 'me' online. The only part that is curbed is my cursing.
That's right, I'm a potty mouth. At least, away from the public, in private, I love to go all sailor-naughty with the adjectives.
It comes from working on a horse farm, in a job that is traditionally staffed by rough-talking men, who might meet barn visitors with genteel formality, but cuss tractors blue out in the back fields. And it comes with hanging out with soldier boys, who's easiest outlet is of the verbal sort.
Anyway, besides the not-hardly-any cussing (which, my mother teaches preschool, I was raised not to cuss, and I really don't do it in public, just out on the 600 acre farm) I'm totally me on my blog. Goofiness, clumsiness and all :)
- May 27, 2011 at 6:53 AM
- Katie O'Sullivan said...
I think I'm the same me on my blog and in my life. Except when I dress up to go out with my husband. Then I try to be a different me, which lasts until the second cocktail ;-)
- May 27, 2011 at 6:59 AM
- Anne Gallagher said...
I'm more me on the blog than I am in public. I'm actually quite shy and reserved in public. (Believe it or not.)
- May 27, 2011 at 7:01 AM
- S.A. Larsenッ said...
It's awesome that you not only see the differences in yourself but embrace them. Still, even after just over a year of blogging, I hold back, am a bit tentative with certain things. I'm growing, though, finding out I'm even more of me than I thought. Make sense? lol
- May 27, 2011 at 7:03 AM
Well, my blog personality is pretty much my work personality...er, and my personality in general, LOL! I'm more humorous with my co-workers and friends and such, and more professional and more educative (is that a word?) when I'm with my patients. I think the mix works well.
- May 27, 2011 at 7:19 AM
- Old Kitty said...
I love your nutshell pic! LOL!! I think that's why I love blogging! I could be an exaggeration of myself or I could be someone else! I love that freedom!! But they are all me!!
Take care
- May 27, 2011 at 7:22 AM
- Rachna Chhabria said...
What you see on my blog is ofcourse just a small part of me. I am definitely more fun loving in real life. But while blogging, I tend to get serious. That too is a huge side of me.
- May 27, 2011 at 7:22 AM
- Emily Rose said...
There is a ton that I keep private, and I am way less shy on the internet (in my day to day life I am a total introvert), but I try to be as much of myself as I can.
Love the pic!
- May 27, 2011 at 7:24 AM
I think I am being me. Now I'm going to go back to my blog and see. Good question.
- May 27, 2011 at 7:31 AM
- Precy Larkins said...
Good question. I think we all have different personas depending on the role we play: we can be mom/dad, daughter/son, sister/brother, friend, co-worker, writer, blogger, etc. But through all these different faces we put on, there's always a common thread that sews all those together. And that thread would be yourself as you. Your voice. Your brand. Your special something.
- May 27, 2011 at 8:21 AM
- Suze said...
Wow, what an intriguing concept. Very nice that you feel this rather significant part of you is embraced and encouraged in the blogging community. I love the little cartoon you opened the post with.
As for my blog 'persona,' the idea kind of made me (metaphorically) scratch my head. I guess I'm the same everywhere.
- May 27, 2011 at 8:46 AM
- CA Heaven said...
In my blog I can be 100% me. I'm an anonymous blogger to protect my freedom of speach. Then I can write whatever I want, without any concern for my politically correct professional appearance >:)
Cold As Heaven
- May 27, 2011 at 8:54 AM
- Jennifer Walkup said...
Great question - I think it's def very me on my blog, twitter, etc. In real life, I'm only slightly more serious, but not always and not with everyone.:)
- May 27, 2011 at 9:20 AM
- Chris Phillips said...
In real life I'm shy/quiet listen to npr all day and cry. So basically my blog persona.
- May 27, 2011 at 9:24 AM
- Luanne G. Smith said...
People who meet me in real life think I'm very quiet and reserved. I'm better at writing than I am at verbally socializing, so I think I'm more me on the blog. ;)
- May 27, 2011 at 9:35 AM
- Chris Phillips said...
Also, that is technically me "on" a nutshell.
- May 27, 2011 at 9:40 AM
- Tracey Neithercott said...
I'm like Me 2.0 on my blog. I don't have the same professional requirements as you do, so I'm free to be myself on the job. But in real life I'm ten times more shy than I am online. When in real life I'd be afraid to make a joke or be sarcastic, I don't feel that same need online. So I guess Me 2.0 is me minus a lot of insecurities.
Have a good Memorial Day weekend!
- May 27, 2011 at 9:51 AM
- Unknown said...
Whenever someone reads my blog from work, they are surprised that a) I blog b) I'm funny c) I write.
I don't know how this happens but I'm always tagged as the quiet girl with no thoughts. People label me and then never bother trying to get to know me...until they read my blog.
- May 27, 2011 at 10:08 AM
- Linda Gray said...
Passion shows, right? Blogs are a fantastic place to let that happen with passion for writing, and you can't talk all day to your friends or coworkers or patients about your personal life passions unless you want their eyes to roll back into their heads. (especially for a doc that could be really really bad!)
- May 27, 2011 at 10:17 AM
- Christine Murray said...
I think I'm more me on my blog than I am anywhere else, to be honest.
- May 27, 2011 at 10:18 AM
- Candyland said...
I'm more open on the blog, in general, but I'm pretty much the same in person. Just quieter!
- May 27, 2011 at 11:09 AM
- Heather said...
My blog persona is definitely who I am. Like Christine, it is actually one of the places I really get to be myself. :)
- May 27, 2011 at 11:15 AM
- Olga said...
I'm absolutely being myself in my blog. However, professional life suggests more seriousness. Still, the same traits show through.
- May 27, 2011 at 11:45 AM
- erica and christy said...
I think the basics of my personality are always there - I try to be kind, friendly, somewhat intelligent, etc. Most people in my "real world" don't know I write, though, so on our blog, I can express that side of me openly and honestly to people who understand what it's like to write. That's pretty liberating.
- May 27, 2011 at 11:47 AM
- Krispy said...
I love your cartoon today!
I get what you mean. I'm a little different given the setting, but I think I'm mostly "me" online. Definitely a more outgoing version of me though.
- May 27, 2011 at 12:21 PM
- Dafeenah said...
I think it is "all" me but not "all" at once. I have so many different sides that make up who I am so depending on my mood and what's happening that part is what comes out on my blog at that particular moment.
- May 27, 2011 at 12:28 PM
- Steph said...
I am def. myself, but I am not all of me. There are certain things that I wont write about, but that goes with the job thing...I have encouraged co-workers to read mine. Everyone has several personas, and the side of me that comes out when I'm with friends is drastically different from the work "me". The blogging me is somewhere in between. Good post, made me think!
- May 27, 2011 at 1:15 PM
- bard said...
As others have said, it's me but only a part of me. My journal exists to allow me to express my creative, sensitive side -- a side I don't often reveal in "real life". It tends to be heavy with vulnerability and sensitivity. Because of this, somebody who doesn't know me might think that is all I am, but it isn't.
- May 27, 2011 at 1:20 PM
- M Pax said...
I'm me - silly, goofy, geeky. I hope I'm sharing the best parts of me.
- May 27, 2011 at 2:27 PM
- Dianne Heath said...
I have 2 blogs that express different sides of my personality. One is super serious, the other is more tongue in cheek and I'll be starting a beauty blog soon. In real life I show all of these different sides but not to the extreme as on my blog. Good question!
- May 27, 2011 at 2:31 PM
- Erin Cole said...
I hope that my blog persona is me, because it is such a let down to learn of people who you have blogged with for over a year, and invested time with, are not who you thought they were, or maybe they were, and you just didn't see it.
The Internet hides so much, but like you, I find that it is more liberating, and allows one to be who they are.
Have a great Memorial Weekend, Lydia, and many thanks for the Mother's Day wish.
- May 27, 2011 at 2:33 PM
- Donna Tagliaferri said...
I am much thinner on my blog.
- May 27, 2011 at 3:13 PM
- February Grace said...
Definitely it's me.
If people met me they'd find me to be just like I am when I blog- silly, opinionated, Jedi obsessed...and likely wearing pink Converse tennis shoes.
- May 27, 2011 at 3:22 PM
- Saumya said...
So true. I think I'm still trying to be as "me" as possible while blogging but it's far more "me" than the medical student side, haha.
- May 27, 2011 at 3:47 PM
- Saumya said...
P.S. I'm sure that all your traits in and out of the blogosphere make you a great doctor AND writer!
- May 27, 2011 at 3:48 PM
- Southpaw said...
I think I'm me, a less sarcastic me though.
- May 27, 2011 at 5:57 PM
- Munk said...
What you see on my blog is only a very select part of me, the most very, most specialist part. Just imagine the terror of meeting me in person.
- May 27, 2011 at 6:18 PM
- Munk said...
Make that "special-est" not "ist". I'm not a specialist, I never said that and would deny ever saying it if asked... these are not the droids you are looking for...
- May 27, 2011 at 6:30 PM
Love the nutshell pic. You are very natural at talking to people online, it shows you to be a very caring and interactive person.
It took me a while to get going, but I am very much me on the blog now that it's not all so scary. Whether or not that's professional who knows lol.
- May 27, 2011 at 7:09 PM
- Jamie Gibbs said...
Hmm, I'd say I'm pretty much a geek in whatever situation I'm in. It has a way of leaking out no matter how hard you try to repress it in certain circumstances, hehe.
- May 28, 2011 at 12:38 AM
- Susan Fields said...
Since I'm a stay-at-home mom/writer, I'd say my blog is pretty much who I am. When I used to work out of the home as an engineer, though, I presented a different persona.
Have a great holiday weekend!
- May 28, 2011 at 7:57 AM
- Karen Lange said...
Very good question! And one I need to think about. I think I am "me" on my blog, but now you have me wondering...
Have a great weekend!
- May 28, 2011 at 8:04 AM
I feel like I can be more fun than I really am on Blogger and Tumblr. Still, my online persona is only a portion of my whole self. I have a dark side that I don't want to reveal.
I tagged you on my blog. :)
- May 28, 2011 at 8:47 AM
- Carol Riggs said...
How delightful you can really be YOU (a different, more free you) on your blog! We appreciate sharing that side of you. :)
- May 28, 2011 at 11:26 AM
I really think so. I have a somewhat serious book laced with humor and a little dark humor. Some Austin Powers comedy too. That's how I am in real life too. Toss in a bottle of vino and I don't know what I'll sat next.
- May 28, 2011 at 1:19 PM
- Jennifer Hillier said...
I think my blog is a pretty good reflection of me, only with less profanity and a cleaner sense of humor.
- May 28, 2011 at 6:12 PM
- notesfromnadir said...
You always seem so knowledgeable & it's evident that you have a wonderful sense of humor.
Have a great Memorial Day!
- May 28, 2011 at 10:34 PM
- Jai Joshi said...
If my online persona was any more me I'd be spilling every uncomfortable secret I know. So yeah, it's me. Definitely me.
- May 28, 2011 at 10:42 PM
- Unknown said...
My real world persona is shy and reserved and diplomatic; and except for close family members, no one knows I write poetry or fiction(unpublished)...the blog world lets me share my thoughts and I can let out the brash, impulsive, witty(I'd like to think so) side of me out. I enjoy the interaction not possible otherwise.
- May 29, 2011 at 1:49 AM
- Meredith said...
I'm mostly me online. Though in real life, I tend to be quieter--not shy, really, just quiet. Until I get to know you, and then you can't get me to shut up. :)
- May 29, 2011 at 6:35 AM
- Beth said...
My blogging persona is part of me, but only a part. In "real life" I'm pretty quiet, and I'd almost always rather listen than talk. On my blog I talk a lot about myself, and that's something I never do in person! It's fun showing this other side of who I am.
- May 29, 2011 at 9:36 AM
- Sweet Virginia Breeze said...
My blog persona is me. Since I've retired, I no longer have to be the professional banker. Now I can be me and that is who shows up on my blog.
- May 29, 2011 at 10:05 AM
- LTM said...
yay! And you're so funny and creative and quirky! Hooray for quirky doctors. :D
I think that's the best part about blogging as compared to other social media. You really are showing parts of yourself that would otherwise be between you and yourself. ;p
Yep, my blog is me. But perhaps not all of me. I don't whine on my blog--LOL!!! And everyone says, "Thank you!" <3
Have a great holiday~
- May 29, 2011 at 10:20 AM
- Jayne said...
Oh yes, I totally get those writerly self-esteem issues! But no need to worry, we love your writerly-self. I think blogs bring out the best in us. It's where we express our innermost feelings, and experiment with our writing.
My blog is definitely me. It wasn't always. When I started it a year ago, I wasn't sure what I expected. But I've found now, that it's become me!
- May 29, 2011 at 10:26 AM
- Liza said...
I think I'm the most me on my blog...
- May 29, 2011 at 2:38 PM
- Nas said...
No, I most definitely am not my blogger self! On my posts I'm so outgoing and jokey persona, yet in real life, I'm a shy introverted person who's head is always in books!
- May 29, 2011 at 5:17 PM
- Unknown said...
What you see on my blog is pretty much what you get in real life. Maybe more so. :D
- May 30, 2011 at 6:40 AM
- Unknown said...
Hmm, interesting question. I think the answer is yes, my online persona is me - except perhaps without the bossy, grouchy parts. ;) I make an effort to be upbeat and cheerful online, even when I may not be feeling that way in real life.
- May 30, 2011 at 11:09 AM
- Trisha said...
Ohhh yeah - I'm myself on my blog. I love it :)
- May 30, 2011 at 7:39 PM
- Jonene Ficklin said...
Hm. Great question. As an artist, I think people expect either a quiet, deep-thinker or an outrageously eccentric free spirit, and I'm not confessing which I'm closer to. But being a writer - especially blogging - is truly liberating, because I really am myself. In the first few years of writing, I found what came out to be liberating and therapeutic - and a little scary. Now, it's just plain fun.
- May 31, 2011 at 8:59 AM
- K.V. Briar said...
Interesting question. Maybe it's because I'm so new to blogging, but I don't feel like my real personality comes across when I blog . . . at least not entirely. I'd like it to though. Something to work on :)
- May 31, 2011 at 4:31 PM
- MTeacress said...
Yes, I'm more "me" online. It's less intimidating to interact with others through writing. I feel far more awkward and shy in person. I have to push myself out of my shell. :)
- May 31, 2011 at 5:57 PM
- Ghenet Myrthil said...
I definitely feel like I'm more "me" on my blog than in my professional life. When online, I'm more free to be myself. I'm glad we get to see the real you on your blog :)
- May 31, 2011 at 8:41 PM
- Samantha Vérant said...
Oh God, if my blogging persona was the whole me, I'd scare people away! To know me is to love me???
- June 1, 2011 at 5:38 AM
- Sommer Leigh said...
Yes and no. I am always acutely aware of how different I am than the people I spend most of my day with at work. While my coworkers have kids and grandkids and play bunco and shop at trendy and expensive department stores, I read and watch sci-fi movies and play video games until 2am on a work night. I keep most of who I am packaged up and quiet around a lot of the people I am with in real life, while on my blog I can be whoever I really am without worry of getting odd looks and questions like, "Aren't you a little old to be collecting Legos?"
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- March 23, 2016 at 10:35 PM


text:
Of all the infamous outlaws of the Old West, none has quite the notoriety of "Billy the Kid."
by Robert Walsh
John Wesley Hardin. Jesse James. Cole Younger. "Curly" Bill Brocius. Gunslingers, killers, thieves, icons of the Wild West. Of all the infamous outlaws of the Old West, none has quite the notoriety of "Billy the Kid." Questionably accused of killing 21 men (one for each year of his short, violent life), Billy is as much a Wild West icon as Wyatt Earp or "Wild Bill" Hickok in spite of being firmly on the other side of the law. Ask people to name the first outlaw that springs to mind and Billy is often their first choice even now. Well over a century after his controversial shooting by buffalo hunter-turned-lawman Pat Garrett and, in spite of being a New Yorker, he's still marketed to the tourists as New Mexico's most infamous son.
Like so many Old West outlaws, Billy's public image is a constant blurring of fact and fiction. The man and the myth so intertwined as to be almost indistinguishable. To start with, nobody has ever provided his accurate date of birth, we don't know who his biological father really was, there's no accurate body count of his victims and stripping fact from fiction is difficult to say the least. We don't even know for certain what his real name was.
Billy's Inauspicious Beginning as Henry McCarty
The most likely start to Billy's story begins with his being born in New York as Henry McCarty in 1859, only a couple of years before the start of the Civil War that transformed every aspect of American history, although no records exist to confirm his name or birthplace. Catherine McCarty emigrated from Ireland after the Great Famine of the 1840's in search of a better life. She did her best to provide for her children and took them West rather than see them grow up in the New York slums. She was known as a jolly, cheerful lady and pretty much Billy's only positive parental role model. His father had vanished and his new stepfather, William Antrim, was far more interested in gambling, gold prospecting and generally seeking his fortune. Antrim took considerably less interest in his stepson than he did in trying to get rich, often spending long periods away from home and doing little to provide a good example even when he was actually there. Billy's mother was cut from better cloth. She baked pies, washed laundry, took paying lodgers into her home and did whatever was necessary and legal to provide for herself and her children. She was also dying from the final stages of tuberculosis even when she brought her family West.
It was only months after their arrival in the rough New Mexico town of Silver City that she died, leaving Billy effectively alone in the world at age 14. The loss of his single positive adult role model, his being young and impressionable, the ever-present bad influences in Silver City and sheer necessity meant that it wasn't long before Billy turned to petty crime simply to survive.
His first recorded arrest was hardly indicative of his later infamy. Billy was arrested for stealing several pounds of cheese, hardly the work of a master criminal. Even the county sheriff who arrested him found him a likeable young lad whose crime was rooted in need rather than profit. His sympathy, however, was both short-lived and misplaced. Billy soon graduated to more serious crimes like handling stolen property, more serious thefts and was soon a regular feature at the town jail. Billy was also sometimes reckless and impulsive. He didn't like being behind bars even for short periods and that caused his first big step into the higher leagues of crime when he escaped from the local jail (rather than doing the smart thing, finishing his brief sentence and going straight). In the absence of his parents, every young man needs a mentor. Unfortunately, Billy found one of a firmly criminal disposition.
Billy's Mentor
"Sombrero Jack" (whose real name has long since been lost) was a typical low-level burglar, cattle rustler and horse thief, nothing important in and of himself. But he was Billy's first criminal mentor. He used Billy as a lookout during burglaries, stored stolen property in Billy's rented boarding house room (protecting himself and having Billy risk the consequences of a surprise search). It was through Sombrero Jack that Billy began to make the acquaintance of more serious criminals. His mentors tutored him in cattle rustling, robbery, theft, gambling (Billy took to wearing a gambler's pinkie ring, rings often used by cheats for secretly marking cards) and generally learning the skills necessary for a full-time outlaw, including the criminal use of firearms as every outlaw used them sooner or later.
It was at Silver City that Billy would also make an acquaintance that would finally take him from being a part-time petty crook to a full-time, professional criminal and well past the point of no return. He was a drunken bully and local tough guy, Frank "Windy" Cahill.
Windy Cahill was a nasty piece of work. He was a boorish, crude, vicious, habitually provocative local bully who was always spoiling for a fight, especially when he was drunk which was quite a lot of the time. Billy was young, physically small and no match for Cahill in a fistfight and looked like an easy target. Cahill, being like all bullies a coward at heart, particularly singled him out for abuse, verbal and physical, and had assaulted Billy at least a couple of times already when he hadn't knuckled under as quickly as Cahill wanted. This would quickly prove Cahill's (and, with hindsight, Billy's) undoing.
Cahill spotted Billy one day and, with his customary aggressive and abusive style, began trying to humiliate and intimidate him. Billy stood his ground. Cahill became increasingly aggressive and it wasn't long before verbal sparring became a bare-knuckle brawl. Cahill was winning the fight while Billy was taking yet another beating, but only until Billy managed to draw his brand-new Colt "Thunderer" .41 six-shooter. Cahill did his best to force the weapon away from his body but it was too late. Billy shot him in the stomach at a few inches range and, having been gut-shot, Cahill died the next day. Billy was in the town jail awaiting trial for capital murder.
The Legend Begins
The New Mexico Territory wasn't the safest place to be an outlaw, especially not one facing a possible death sentence. As in many frontier areas the social climate tended to be "rough and ready" and law enforcement (such as it was) reflected that. An outlaw could go to trial and receive a conviction or acquittal, granted, but it could take weeks for judges to be available, travelling as they did from town to town and presiding over whatever cases awaited them. Defendants could just as easily find themselves hanging from the nearest tree, the local townsfolk having opted to skip the legal niceties. Lynch law wasn't standard practice in New Mexico, but it certainly wasn't a rarity either.
It could be argued that New Mexico's outlaws feared vigilante justice rather more than the official variety, especially after the Lincoln County War in which Billy was a prime mover. He knew he was in serious danger even though he could have pled self-defense. He solved that problem by escaping the town jail and going on the run. Billy had moved up in the underworld. He'd gone from a petty thief and gambler to a wanted killer with a price on his head. There would be no turning back.
Billy bounced around the New Mexico Territory for a while, skipping towns whenever he felt it was time to move on. He supported himself through gambling (he was especially skilled at three-card Monte) and small-time theft and cattle rustling. After a few months he found himself in the cattle town of Lincoln and it was in Lincoln that his legend really begins.
"The House"
Billy arrived in town just as tensions between local cattle barons were beginning to boil up. There were two factions in what became known as the Lincoln County War. One was led by a young Englishman, John Tunstall, and the other by two Irish cattlemen, L.G. Murphy and James "Jimmy" Dolan. The Murphy/Dolan faction was known locally as "The House" owing to Murphy's grandiose home. The House had a virtual monopoly in Lincoln County. It had lucrative beef contracts with the U.S. Government, supplying meat (usually barely edible and at inflated prices) to the Indian reservations and local army units. It also ran Lincoln's bank, ran the only store in Lincoln that provided other local businesses with essential supplies making it impossible not to do business with The House, entirely on its terms.
Among their many assets The House also owned Lincoln's lawman, Sheriff William Brady. In addition to having a stranglehold over local businesses and local law enforcement (Brady seldom enforced any law without referring to Murphy and Dolan first), The House extended its corruption into New Mexico politics and secured an overly friendly relationship with the local military commanders. The House started ruthlessly squeezing out smaller ranchers and homesteaders using its political ties and financial manipulation. Smaller ranchers had to deal with Murphy and Dolan as there was nobody else. Once they were indebted to The House, bad debts became a pretext for seizing cattle and land to add to the Murphy/Dolan empire. The Santa Fe Ring included top-level political figures and a powerful block of Irish politicians, guaranteeing no hostile political attention or legislative action to curtail Murphy and Dolan's perpetual empire-building.
Enter John Tunstall. Tunstall emigrated from England, arriving in Lincoln late in 1876. He swiftly began infuriating The House. In company with lawyer Alexander McSween and with legendary cattle baron John Chisum (no great friend of The House) supplying the money, Tunstall set up a rival ranch, store and town bank to break the monopoly previously enjoyed by The House. This was something that Murphy and Dolan bitterly resented. The fact that Murphy, Dolan and many of their henchmen were Irish immigrants and Tunstall was an Englishman would have done absolutely nothing to calm things down.
Chisum's backing of Tunstall is unlikely to have been through altruism so much as Chisum wanting to extend his own commercial power and limit that of The House. Chisum provided the money, McSween the legal wisdom, and Tunstall the ambition. It was an ambition that would soon cost John Tunstall his life, and the lives of many others. Tunstall first encountered Billy in the town of Lincoln, took a shine to the young drifter and offered him a job as a cowhand and, if needed, gunfighter. Billy, seeing an opportunity for a home, a job, a wage and just possibly a chance to settle down and live at least semi-legitimately, jumped at the chance.
Tensions between Tunstall and The House rose rapidly and, in the absence of a full-time police force, both sides looked to hire groups of gunmen to protect their own interests and threaten each other's. Hiring freelance gunslingers was standard practice for ranchers and other big business owners at that time. Sheriffs and marshals were few in number and often of limited competence, doubtful sobriety, violent temperament and not infrequently easily bribed. Many Western lawmen (including many famous ones) didn't mind running dubious private enterprises to supplement their very limited income from policing (for instance, the Earp brothers indulged in gambling and, some say, pimping as well as law enforcement). Also, the U.S Constitution made deploying troops within American borders particularly difficult and usually a last resort. With very limited legal oversight and an almost complete lack of practical alternatives, employing groups of professional gunmen became the most (if not the only) workable option.
Until Tunstall's arrival, Chisum had stood alone against The House. Murphy was now dying of cancer and Dolan (his adopted son) took command assisted by another Irishman, John Riley. With the arrival of competition the previously captive customers of The House (many of whom bitterly resented being milked like a herd of cash cows) began switching their business to Tunstall and McSween. Dolan's anger at seeing his ambitions curbed and profits cut (and by an Englishman of all people) grew increasingly strong and tensions between the two factions continued rising. With both sides gathering increasingly large private armies it was only a matter of time before the personal and professional struggle became a shooting war, a fight to the finish that was as much based on the age-old rancor between English and Irish as it was on power and money.
The Lincoln County War
Dolan's continual harassment of Tunstall was, at first, through "legal" means. Dolan initiated continual legal actions against Tunstall but the Englishman still refused to be run out of Lincoln County. Finally Dolan secured (by corrupt means) a writ of attachment confiscating Tunstall's money, property and assets, essentially rendering him financially and materially destitute. Dolan's tame Sheriff, William Brady, sent a posse to enforce the writ and, knowing full well that some posse members were known outlaws and held personal grudges against him, visited the Tunstall property anyway. On February 18, 1878, one of the posse killed John Tunstall while other posse members shot Tunstall's horse and laid it down beside its fallen master. It was a brutal and senseless killing, either satisfying the shooter's personal grudge or on the orders of Dolan. The Lincoln County War had properly begun.
McSween managed to arrange arrest warrants for the killers. Brady refused to recognize the warrants as lawful, refused to enforce them and also arrested the young men deputized to serve them. One of those young men called himself William Bonney, known then simply as "The Kid." Those supporting Tunstall and McSween realized that the law was already useless and formed a vigilante group to administer their own brand of justice. They called themselves The Regulators and Billy was a founder member.
"The Regulators"
Revenge was swift in coming. Only two weeks after Tunstall's murder two of the posse members were shot dead along with a bystander who had tried to intervene. On April 1, 1878 Sheriff Brady and a deputy, George Hindman, were shot dead while walking down the main street in Lincoln and two days after Brady's murder, Regulators encountered, fought and killed Bill "Buckshot" Roberts. Buckshot Roberts was a notorious gunfighter with a penchant for shotguns, hence his nickname, and he didn't die without a fight. Before he died Roberts killed the Regulators' leader, Dick Brewer, and seriously wounded two of his men.
Lincoln County was now a virtual warzone. Groups of heavily-armed supporters of both factions roamed the area, skirmishing and killing each other on a regular basis. The first phase of the Lincoln County War ended in Lincoln itself when the Regulators were cornered at McSween's home. The siege lasted for five days before what became known as "the big killing" took place. Troops arrived from nearby Fort Stanton, ostensibly to protect bystanders and restore order. However their commander, Lieutenant Colonel Dudley, was a firm supporter of Dolan's. Dudley and his men simply stood by and did nothing as the McSween home was burned to the ground. McSween himself being shot dead with four other men as the remnants of the Regulators managed to flee the area. One of the survivors was Billy and he swiftly took command of the remaining Regulators. Anarchy ruled as gunmen on both sides settled personal scores.
A New Governor is Appointed to Quell a "State of Insurrection"
Finally, the Federal Government intervened, dismissing New Mexico's Governor Samuel Axtell, a long-time cohort of Dolan's. Former General Lew Wallace (a veteran of the Battle of Shiloh and also the author of Ben Hur) replaced him. Wallace lost no time in proclaiming a "state of insurrection" and adopted the harshest methods for restoring order and ending the perpetual violence. Outlaws could expect swift justice if they were caught and to be shot where they stood if they resisted arrest. Many found themselves confined in Lincoln awaiting trial and their prospects of avoiding the gallows looked decidedly limited.
With the end of the Lincoln County War, Billy had to resort to full-time crime. As a notorious participant he had no chance of legitimate work and, the longer he stayed around New Mexico, the shorter the chances of his survival. After the Lincoln County War ended Billy became a shameless, brazen thief and cattle rustler and a permanent annoyance to many powerful and influential cattle barons.
At first Wallace's tough stance seemed to work reasonably well, but the war began again with the murder of lawyer Huston Chapman in February 1879. Chapman had been an ally of Tunstall and McSween and was murdered by a gang of drunken cowboys seemingly for no apparent reason. The killing looked like re-igniting the war and Governor Wallace, frustrated and infuriated by his failure to capture or kill Billy, agreed to a private meeting and struck a secret deal with him. The controversy over the precise terms of that deal remains even today.
Billy Strikes a Deal
It's alleged that, in return for his testimony against Chapman's killers (one of whom just happened to be Jimmy Dolan) Wallace promised Billy a pardon which would have set him free. After his testimony, Billy could have ridden out of Lincoln a free man on condition that he never re-enter New Mexico. Billy's alternative was to be hunted down and, more than likely, shot on sight. To guard against reprisals, there would be an arrest staged for Billy's protection as being in jail would keep the Dolan gunmen from killing him after he gave evidence. If this precise offer was indeed made, then Billy took it and found himself in the Lincoln jail ostensibly to stand trial himself for murder.
District Attorney Ryerson had other ideas. Ryerson was an Irishman and very much in the Dolan camp. He also had absolute discretion over which witnesses testified at trials and he made it clear to Billy that, as he was in custody already, that Billy would be tried for murdering Sheriff Brady. Governor Wallace was, practically speaking, powerless. Despite being the governor his hands were virtually tied by the powerful block of pro-Dolan politicians among the Santa Fe Ring. Even if he really did promise Billy a pardon in return for his testimony, there was nothing he could do to stop Ryerson prosecuting Billy for his own part in the Lincoln County War and either declining to prosecute Dolan or deliberately losing the trial if he wanted to.
Wallace was powerless and Billy was in very serious trouble. He promptly escaped from Lincoln and was free to continue his criminal career. He was now one of the most wanted men in New Mexico and, lacking any chance of legitimate work, returned to full-time cattle rustling and horse theft for his living. Fickle as public opinion usually is, Billy's popularity swiftly faded into general loathing as, together with the few surviving Regulators, he roamed Lincoln County robbing and rustling at will. His activities quickly attracted the attention of powerful enemies, notably legendary cattle baron John Chisum.
Pat Garrett
In November of 1880 Pat Garrett was elected Lincoln County Sheriff. His campaign was backed by the cattle barons and their political allies as they believed Billy would be a problem as long as he was still alive. In return for their supporting his election Garrett agreed to make eliminating Billy his top priority.
Garrett was a curious character, a former buffalo hunter and (some say) cattle rustler. Despite the popular impression that he was formerly one of Billy's closest friends (one of many unsupported myths about Billy's life and career) there's no solid evidence to suggest that Garrett and Billy were ever more than occasional acquaintances at best. There's none at all to support ideas that Garrett rode with Billy or ever committed any crimes beside him. More likely, he saw a chance of lasting personal fame from being known for killing Billy the Kid, seeking to parlay that fame into a lucrative career as a celebrity lawman in the manner of "Wild Bill" Hickock and later Wyatt Earp.
Garrett assembled a posse of tough, ruthless gunmen and set to work. At what became known as the Battle of Stinking Springs in November of 1880, Garrett's posse killed Tom Folliard and Charley Bowdre, two of Billy's closest friends. Billy was forced to surrender. He was held at Santa Fe for several months and then moved to the town of Mesilla to stand trial murdering Sheriff Brady. He was tried for the Brady murder, convicted and sentenced to death before being moved from Mesilla to Lincoln where he was to publicly hang.
Billy's Last Escape
Desperate problems require desperate measures. Billy took the most desperate. On April 28, 1881, only 15 days before his execution date, Billy escaped from the Lincoln County Jail by slipping his shackles and obtaining a gun smuggled to him by an admirer. While escaping he encountered the two deputies assigned to guard him, Deputies Ollinger and Bell. He shot them both dead. Despite repeated warnings from Garrett never to let their guard drop even for a moment, both men did so and their carelessness proved fatal. After the murders Billy stood and made a speech for some 20 minutes (as if trying to justify their deaths) before stealing a horse, riding away and later forcing a local blacksmith to remove the remains of his manacles.
Everybody expected Billy to flee south into Old Mexico and remain outside U.S legal jurisdiction. He didn't. Garrett did nothing to hunt for Billy until it became apparent that Billy was still within Garrett's jurisdiction. Billy was hiding at Fort Sumner around 150 miles northeast of Lincoln itself. Garrett made enquiries and found that Billy had taken up with a local woman, Paulita Maxwell. Peter Maxwell (Paulita's father) wanted her relationship with Billy terminated and Garrett (under pressure to keep his bargain with the cattle barons) was only too obliging. It was July 14, 1881, a month short of four years since the killing of Windy Cahill, when Garrett finally got his chance. It was just after midnight at the Maxwell residence when Billy came downstairs to fix a late meal. As he walked into a darkened room he realized that he had unexpected company. Peering round the darkened room he asked in Spanish "Como Estas?" ("Who's there?").
It was Garrett. Only Pat Garrett and Billy the Kid ever really knew whether or not Garrett gave Billy a warning and a chance to surrender, or simply shot him dead where he stood. There was a bright flash, a deafening bang and a bullet tore into Billy's head, killing him instantly. He was only 21 years old when he was buried beside his old friends Tom Folliard and Charley Bowdre. Aside from their names, the three men have only a single word on their shared tombstone: "Pals."
Post Script
Where Henry McCarty ends and "Billy the Kid" begins will always be a subject open to perpetual debate, often heated. Recently, former New Mexico Governor Bill Richardson, after much consideration, refused to grant Billy the pardon allegedly promised (and undelivered) by his predecessor Lew Wallace. Governor Richardson cited the fact that, despite much anecdotal evidence of the deal being struck, there's no solid documentary evidence that Wallace ever even made such an offer, let alone broke his word. The descendents of Pat Garrett also weighed in heavily against any notion of pardoning Billy retrospectively, claiming that to do so would tarnish the legacy of both Lew Wallace and their ancestor.
And what of Pat Garrett, the man who shot Billy the Kid? Killing Billy didn't bring Garrett the fame that he seems to have craved and nor did it bring much fortune, either. His book on the manhunt titled The Authentic Life of Billy the Kid was a commercial failure and seldom more authentic than the dime novels so popular at the time.
Garrett was less than popular among some New Mexicans and he seems to have drifted from job to job without ever successfully capitalizing on the fame that killing Billy brought him. I'd suspect that part of his failure to do so lay in his personality. Garrett developed a reputation as being an increasingly arrogant, difficult, abrasive and confrontational man. As his life went on, he also developed a severe fondness for alcohol which did little to make him more likeable.
Eventually, Garrett died in 1901, old, ill and increasingly desperate. He was killed by a notorious hired gun, Jim "The Killer" Miller, a known assassin and gunfighter. Miller and Garrett had exchanged harsh words that swiftly turned to blows. Miller claimed that Garrett attempted to reach for Miller's gun and was accidentally shot during the struggle. It was also claimed that persons unknown had hired Miller specifically to kill Garrett and make it look like either an accident or a fair fight. Either way, Garrett died having never really achieved the lasting fame and commercial success that he had wanted.

subset: commoncrawl


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Stanford will be without Ed Reynolds for the first half of next week's game against Washington State after the senior All-American was ejected for targeting Arizona State quarterback Taylor Kelly on Saturday night.
ASU had a first and 10 at the Stanford 11-yard line with about nine minutes to play when Kelly went back to pass and looked to his right. He got the pass off before a blitzing Reynolds meet him with a punishing head-on hit. Reynolds was flagged, ejected and suspended for the first half against WSU.
Stanford should be able to survive without Reynolds against the Cougars, although Mike Leach's five-wide-receiver style generally requires a lot of defensive backs who can cover.
The Cardinal will probably miss Reynolds more for his run support and hard-nosed tackling ability. Coming into the game against ASU, he led the team with 17 tackles.
Reynolds might be the most high-profile player to date to miss a half due to a targeting penalty.


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Questionnaire helps to identify patients at risk for surgical complications
A simple, eight-item pre-operative questionnaire could help identify patients at risk for complications following surgery, according to a report in the October issue of Archives of OtolaryngologyHead & Neck Surgery, one of the JAMA/Archives journals. Individuals prone to the obstructive sleep apnea syndrome as determined by the questionnaire appear to have an increased risk of heart, lung and other complications following elective surgery.
Obstructive sleep apnea, a disorder in which individuals periodically stop breathing during sleep, occurs in approximately 5 percent to 9 percent of the general population, according to background information in the article. The condition may be more common among patients undergoing surgery, and the related cardiorespiratory consequences may be exacerbated following surgical procedures because anesthetic agents and pain relievers decrease muscle tone in the upper airways and diminish control of breathing. "Therefore, it is important to identify surgical patients who are at high risk for obstructive sleep apnea syndrome," the authors write.
Polysomnography conducted in a sleep laboratory and home sleep testing have both been used to diagnose obstructive sleep apnea. However, neither procedure has been used extensively among patients preparing for surgery, the authors note. Tajender S. Vasu, M.D., and colleagues at Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, studied 135 patients undergoing elective surgery in May 2008. Before their procedures, all the patients completed the STOP-BANG (Snoring, Tiredness during daytime, Observed apnea, high blood Pressure, Body mass index, Age, Neck circumference and Gender) questionnaire, which consists of eight yes-or-no questions to assess apnea risk.
Of the patients, 56 (41.5 percent) had high scores on STOP-BANG, indicating a high risk for obstructive sleep apnea and 12 (8.9 percent) experienced heart or lung-related complications. Patients with higher scores on STOP-BANG had increased rates of postoperative complications (19.6 percent vs. 1.3 percent) and longer hospital stays (3.6 days vs. 2.1 days) compared with patients who had lower scores.
"The high rate of postoperative complications in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome may be owing to a variety of reasons," the authors write. "Central nervous system suppression owing to anesthesia, sedation and analgesia [pain relief] can foment sleep-disordered breathing and further asphyxia-related complications." In addition, rapid eye movement (REM) sleep is diminished the night after surgery, followed by a period of REM rebound. The occurrence of breathing problems during REM sleep can consequently triple on the second and third postoperative nights.
"Most patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome have undiagnosed conditions and are almost certainly at risk in the perioperative setting," the time period immediately after surgery, the authors write. "The STOP-BANG questionnaire is a convenient and useful screening tool that appears to reliably identify patients who are at increased risk for postoperative complications."


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Forum Post: Study debunks myth of doctors fleeing Medicare
Posted 6 years ago on Sept. 8, 2013, 6:24 p.m. EST by GirlFriday
This content is user submitted and not an official statement
he claim has become a staple of Republican efforts to undermine the Affordable Care Act and transform Medicare into a system in which future elderly receive vouchers to purchase health insurance in the private market. "We are starting to see physicians turn away from taking patients who are on Medicare," the GOP.gov website warns, with "more and more physicians are choosing to opt out of Medicare altogether." In July, the Wall Street Journal dutifully picked up that cudgel, cheering one "doctor goes off the grid" while fretting "more doctors steer clear of Medicare."
Unfortunately, there's only one problem with the conservative claim that America's doctors are fleeing Medicare—and Medicare patients—in massive numbers. As a new study from the Department from Health and Human Services reveals, it's simply not true. Read the rest here


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The real truth about Barclays' organised criminal activities, just in the manipulation of LIBOR alone, is now finally starting to become clear, and this raises a vast number of ramifications for all the other criminal banking enterprises involved in the LIBOR rigging scandal.
It is to be hoped that a large number of Barclays' financial manipulators, soon to be named publicly in the High Court action, are beginning to feel the ground becoming very unstable under their feet. If I were involved in any of these cases, I would already be briefing my lawyers that I wanted a deal from the SFO, secure in the knowledge that the price of such an opportunity was a full and frank disclosure of the names of my senior management inside Barclays, and the part they played in the serial abuse of LIBOR.
A major civil action is being brought against Barclays by Guardian Care Homes, whose lawsuit is seen as a major test case for LIBOR-rigging claims. The decision of the Court to allow the case to go forward to trial, now potentially opens the door to billions of pounds of further legal actions against Barclays and other crooked banks involved in the rate-setting scandal.
The Guardian Care Homes' claims against Barclays over mis-sold swaps, designed to protect the company against rises in interest rates, amount to about £38m. Barclays faced a preliminary hearing, ahead of a trial, over allegations it mis-sold to a care home group complex interest rate derivatives that were in turn based on false Libor rates. It is alleged that the creation of the false rates through Libor-rigging at Barclays inflated the cost of the swaps to the company. The care home group has already settled a similar swaps claim against Lloyds Banking Group for an undisclosed sum.
Barclays, with their usual brand of arrogance combined with bully-boy tactics responded by saying; '... This business had a suite of advisors and a lot of financial experience and skill in-house. We understand that (the plaintiffs) entered into their swaps with sufficient understanding to exercise their own judgment as to whether the products would meet its business objectives. They are a significant business, which owes Barclays £70m. We do not believe the case has merit and will defend it."
Such phrases are very common from large financial institutions, particularly when they are looking down the barrel of the gun, so expect nothing else.
But the runes don't look very good for Barclays right now.
The bank was given a torrid time at the High Court in London on Monday by Lord Justice Flaux, who claimed that Barclays was '...intentionally trying to hide the true scale of the Libor scandal...'
This is an amazing statement from an experienced Judge at the start of a trial and reflects the parlous state of the defence raised by Barclays and their lawyers, which clearly got under the skin of a very experienced High Court Judge.
The Judge accused the bank of "misleading" customers. Allowing the case to continue to trial, the judge described the bank's attempts to dismiss the Libor aspects of the care home operator's claim as "shadow boxing" and said they were "doomed to fail".
I really don't know when I have ever heard such a robust dismissal of a defendant's defence at a pre-trial hearing. The Judge was effectively calling Barclays a bunch of fraudsters and liars, as the description of the act of 'misleading' customers is an allegation that the bank had behaved fraudulently.
But the Judge did not stop there, and over the course of a day-long hearing, he repeatedly rejected Barclays' objections and said that notwithstanding the pre-trial disclosures already made by Barclays, that the bank would be forced from next month to start to disclose further potentially embarrassing details, such as the identities of staff implicated in Libor manipulation. With exquisite frankness and an absence of disingenuousness, he said;
"...[It] just seems perfectly obvious... that the people responsible for giving those instructions [to manipulate Libor] must have known customers were being misled," he said.
The QC, representing Guardian Care Homes, which has more than 30 care homes around the country, told the hearing that the disclosures received so far from the bank were "likely to be the tip of the iceberg" and that the case would go to "the heart of the management of Barclays". He continued with an observation that many people have come to learn about Barclays, to their very great cost. "...Barclays seeks to serve up its own version of the facts, a sanitised version..," he said.
Barclays could now be forced to release hundreds of thousands of emails connected to attempts to rig Libor, demonstrating that the bank knowingly sold interest rate derivatives while manipulating the world's key borrowing rate. What would make it even more piquant is that that disclosure could lead to a whole series of as yet unidentified senior bankers connected to the scandal being named in court when the case comes to trial next year.
Now that would really bring on the pains because they could then all be arrested by the SFO, once the details of their involvement had been outlined in Court. This would solve so much time and trouble, and they could then be invited to consider their position as to whether they wanted to play hard-ball, or roll over and engineer a plea deal! I mean, selling interest rate derivatives at the same time as you are busily manipulating the very underlying interest rate structure, a clear case of 'heads I win, tails you lose' brings a whole new meaning to the phrase 'conspiracy to defraud', and takes the whole scam into a new dimension of criminality!
There are so many ordinary people who have been screwed over by the Barclays Organised Crime family, and I am certain that this news of their arch enemy being slapped down by the Judge will have gladdened their hearts. It is to be hoped that the new revelations will reach right up into the top floor suites and name the guilty men!
The British Government has repeatedly failed to pin the banking bastards down because they have relied too much, and believed too many of the lies ritually trotted out by the suits; while the British people have been so poorly protected by the pathetic regulatory regime that has been allowed to masquerade as a meaningful interface between the banks and the public.
And pathetic they have truly been. The PPI fraud scandals which all took place on their watch have still not been settled, and despite the fact that the figures for monies being set aside to recompense losers are now admitted to be over £10 billion owed by UK banks, it is obvious no lessons have been learned.
It is now reported this week that after a reversal by the Financial Ombudsman Service of two decisions not to award compensation to victims, banks could now face thousands more additional claims from small businesses over more fraudulent behaviour, through the mis-selling of the interest rate swaps. Banks, including all of Britain's major high street lenders could now be hit with a flurry of further claims that could potentially cost them millions of pounds after the surprise FOS judgements. In findings published this week, two unnamed banks were ordered to pay hundreds of thousands of pounds in compensation to two customers mis-sold interest rate swaps.
In one case alone, the new FOS verdict recommends the lender pay compensation that could cost it more than £500,000. Eleven banks, including the usual suspects, Barclays, HSBC, Lloyds Banking Group and Royal Bank of Scotland, have signed up to a Financial Services Authority redress scheme for swap mis-selling.
Giving evidence to the Treasury Select Committee this week, Sir Donald Cruickshank, who has carried out several reviews into the banking industry for previous governments, said the recent Libor-rigging scandal represented only the "tip of the iceberg" of the problems facing lenders.
Guto Bebb, a Conservative MP said the FOS judgement showed the new scandal could be "bigger than PPI ", which has already cost the industry more than £10bn.
"The finding that banks are responsible for the advice they give is very significant and represents a complete change from the 'buyer beware' approach previously taken," said Mr Bebb.
Barclays has made the largest provision against swap mis-selling claims, putting aside £450m to pay compensation, while HSBC and RBS have each made smaller provisions. Lloyds has said it does not expect the costs of the scandal to be "material".
The FSA currently estimates more than 40,000 swaps have been sold. Hector Sants, the former chief executive of the FSA, said he wished "bankers had been more honest" as he complained that many senior industry executives had been "self-delusional" about the risks their firms were taking.
More money set aside to compensate swaps fraud will mean reduced profits, and therefore reduced tax revenues for UK plc, as I reported only last week! But yet no-one in the Regulatory Establishment has been called to task for this wholesale failure to protect British public interests against this tidal wave of organised crime. No one has been challenged and asked 'what the hell were you doing while all this criminality was taking place'. No-one's resignation has been urged, at least not publicly, and no-one inside the regulatory agency has apparently been disciplined. When it comes to dealing with the 'too big to fail, too big to jail banks', it is clearly no point hoping that the FSA will do anything!
So we must rely on the good sense and the sharp intellect of a High Court Judge who has the power to make demands that Barclays cannot just ignore, in the same way as they have repeatedly ignored the laws designed to bring controls to fraud, sanctions breaking and money laundering. The Judge remains our last defender of decency, truth and morals and we must all hope that he will be the man to drive the sharpened stake through the dark heart of the great vampire bank that has sucked the life-blood out of so many!


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Acclaimed and retired educator George McKenna appears to be the best candidate. Dr. McKenna has been an educator, an administrator and a superintendent at the highest levels of education.
He is well respected within the education community, not only here in Los Angeles, but throughout the nation.
LAUSD Board to Choose Appointment or Election Jan 7.
The decision to fill the Los Angeles Unified School Board (LAUSD) District 1 seat vacated by the death of the lone Black advocate Marguerite LaMotte played out in a hotly contentious debate in the LAUSD's board room on Tuesday Dec. 17 and will likely be just as divisive when the board takes up the matter in a hastily arranged Jan. 7, 2014 agenda.
As roughly 20 speakers addressed the four remaining LAUSD board members amid an empty chair decorated with a scarf and Mardi gras beads as a vivid reminder of the fiery LaMotte, her voice was heard loudly by allies demanding that an appointment be made in her absence.
Her close friend, veteran Congresswoman Maxine Waters held a rally with supporters for appointment before the school board held its weekly board meeting where the decision to make any appointment or hold a costly special election was debated.
"In every way, Marguerite LaMotte was a model educator, advocate and dear friend. Our community is still coping with the loss of this important leader, who fought especially hard for students in underserved communities," Waters said.
However, Waters added: "That is why today, we are respectfully requesting that the LAUSD delay any action to determine how Ms. LaMotte will be replaced. Moving forward at this sensitive time is premature and would be hurtful to her family, friends and community, all of whom are still grieving."
After pleas from both sides of the debate, including one from Los Angeles County Supervisor Chair Mark Ridley-Thomas the board was just as divided as the Black community.
The board chose to put off until Jan. 7 its decision on whether to appoint LaMotte's successor or hold a special election in her district. The vote on a resolution to make the decision on Tuesday ended in a 3-3 stalemate, with Richard Vladovic, Monica Garcia and Tamar Galatzan voting to go ahead and Bennett Kayser, Monica Ratliff and Steve Zimmer voting to delay.
The crowd erupted in cheers when it was announced that no decision would be made regarding the seat until the final respects are paid to LaMotte who lay in repose at Angelus Funeral Home on Crenshaw Blvd.
Ridley-Thomas spoke passionately on why he believes an election is the proper course to take, but respected the Board decision to delay.
"We have an overflow room that are advocates in the democratic way. Putting children first is a slogan that is often articulated, conveniently, strategically articulated," explained Ridley Thomas. "It's hard for me to figure out how you put children first and not put their communities first, and given the history for the struggle for the franchised the context of this nation it seems to me we have to respect the right of that franchise."
"The decision by the Los Angeles Unified School District Board to defer a decision on how to fill the late Marguerite LaMotte's seat until a special meeting in January is a wise one. The two options before it are the following: conduct business behind closed doors and appoint an insider, or to let the people decide who will replace such an important leader by casting their ballots. Today the board clearly saw that there is indeed no consensus candidate around which the community has coalesced. On the contrary testimony from the core constituency of District 1, African-American parents, advocates and community leaders, overwhelmingly favored filling the seat of their most committed and passionate advocate, with someone of their choosing. We will continue to stand firm in that position on January 7 and until our voice is heard."
Waters argued that anything short of a delay would have been disrespectful to LaMotte.
"It is a violation of African-American custom and practice to replace, substitute or eliminate any position before the conclusion of services and interment. We have come here today out of respect for these traditions – and for Ms. LaMotte's family – to ask the board to delay any motion until its next meeting. "Marguerite LaMotte truly left her mark on all who knew her. Her presence in this building – and across Los Angeles – will be missed. I believe that after giving generations of our children so much, the very least we can do is properly celebrate her extraordinary accomplishments by delaying this vote."
LaMotte sat on the board for a decade and whomever replacers her will have some big shoes to fill and some difficult challenges ahead.
Her district includes more than 100 schools such as Washington Prep, Crenshaw and Dorsey high schools.
LaMotte's was the caretaker of the most underserved schools in the most improvised neighborhoods.
Thus it is critical that the Board have a voice from the District 1 seat.
Acclaimed and retired educator George McKenna appears to be the best candidate. Dr. McKenna has been an educator, an administrator and a superintendent at the highest levels of education. He is well respected within the education community, not only here in Los Angeles, but throughout this nation.
Congresswoman Karen Bass' district governs many of the schools in District 1 and she was also adamant about filling the vacancy.
"Filling the sudden vacancy left with Marguerite LaMotte's passing is an unexpected and difficult process for the students and will have major implications for the community. Marguerite was a leader and a voice for Los Angeles. We honor her legacy as LAUSD is about to undergo important funding decisions that will have a long-term impact on the district," Bass said in a statement.
"Over the next three months, LAUSD will be taking up both complex and important policy decisions that will determine how it will participate in a new state funding formula for our schools. These decisions will impact students—especially students from South Los Angeles—for years to come. Although I supported an election, it appears an election cannot be held in time for these important funding deadlines, and there is no way that District One cannot have a representative in these critical decisions," she concluded.
In January, the Board will decide how to spend six (6) billion dollars worth of construction bond dollars.
Bass supports McKenna's appointment.
"Dr. George J. McKenna is a strong candidate to fill this seat during the interim, where he can bring his 50 years of education experience—most of those at LAUSD—to the Board. Dr. McKenna will be an advocate for funding equity, and his passion, wisdom and knowledge will be an invaluable asset to our students and our community. This path will allow voters to be able to participate in an informed and deliberate election in a year, where ultimately both voters' voices will be heard and their children will have an advocate at the LAUSD Board."
To appoint or to elect is a question that hundreds of concerned members from the community want to know?
The Board will have the final say on the matter after the New Year.


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The Baltic Sea and its coastline face challenges due to climate change…
Climate change will influence precipitation amounts and patterns, and lead to an increase in terrestrial and sea temperatures and a rise in sea level. The resulting changes will jeopardize the integrity of the ecosystem and increase risks caused by natural disasters.
… it is time to adapt now!
Adaptation strategies are needed to cope with the inevitable consequences of climate change. This is also highlighted in the EU Baltic Sea Region Strategy. Baltadapt is developing a transnational climate change adaptation strategy for the Baltic Sea Region, which focuses on the sea and the coastline. Baltadapt can't stop climate change but it will help to adapt to its impacts. The project facilitates a knowledge-brokerage process on climate change adaptation between research and policy, thus contributing to improved institutional capacity. This will help decision makers in the Baltic Sea Region to tackle the consequences of climate change. The project was approved under the Baltic Sea Region Programme 2007–2013 and has a total budget of € 2.86 m. Its partner consortium is led by the Danish Meteorological Institute. Baltadapt is a flagship project under the EU Strategy for the Baltic Sea Region and has been awarded the Baltic 21 Lighthouse Project quality label.


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World apparel and textile production continues to rise
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In my never-ending (exaggerating) quest for better west-east routes, especially uptown ones, I rode from Mass to Garfield to Cleveland to Calvert. I think this might be one of the few routes that bridges the park rather than make me have to ride down and back out. In fact, it might be the only one. Well, maybe Porter, but I don't know how bikeable that route is on a weekday. It's not that I don't like the park- it's fine. It's just that I like my rides home to be at least somewhat direct and I don't necessarily equate climbing Matthewson (if you haven't done this yet, you should) with an easy ride home. Maybe it'll be worth it when they extend the MBT past Fort Totten. (Boy, I'm complainy tonight)
19th street is a signed bike route. It's much more common to see cyclists riding up the hill to Kalorama Heights than it is to see people riding down. It's a pretty good hill, but it's probably better than riding past Meridian Park on 15th. I don't know why the signed bike routes tend to have the worst pavement with the most potholes. Must be all the bikes...
T Street might as well be Q Street. I waited all 56 seconds for the light to change at T and 14th. It wasn't that hard.
Sometimes I decree myself the semi-divine arbiter of crosswalk justice. I'm wearing the reflective yellow jacket, so I might as well make some use of it by taking the lane, stopping and allowing pedestrians to cross. I've yet to be honked at or run over.
Valet fail. You can't just leave the car there. Or you can, but it's rather harmful to the progress of others.
|That car has been abandoned temporarily must to the dismay of others.
There seem to be more bicycle-borne Capitol Police lately. I think that's a good thing. Though I suppose I question the sheer number of security personnel at the Capitol. Eighth graders are menacing, but not that bad.
Every time I ride past the Capitol I think about all the tourists and I think that an admirable goal for #bikeDC would be to 'photobomb' every single tourist picture. No scenic picture of DC should be without a bicyclist in the background. It's subliminal!
I think the taxi drivers in this town get a bad


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Error 80190848 occurs when making a purchase or updating your credit card on Xbox 360
You see the following error code and message when you try to purchase an item or update your credit card on your Xbox 360 console:
Sorry, there's a problem with the Xbox service. Try again later.
Status Code: 80190848.
To resolve this problem, try the following solutions.
Solution 1: Check the Xbox Live service status
If you see any alerts here, wait until the service is up and running and try again:
Solution 2: Check your billing information
Make sure that the billing address for your Microsoft account matches the billing address you use with your credit card company. Also, make sure that your card's expiration date hasn't passed. Here's how:
- Sign in to the Payment & billing page with your Microsoft account.
- If you don't know your Microsoft account email address or password, use the Lost Account Solution or the Lost Password Solution.
- Select Billing info, and then follow the steps to review your billing information.
Note If there's an error, select Edit profile, and then follow the instructions to update the information.
Solution 3: Contact your bank or financial institution
The purchase might have failed for the following reasons:
- The credit card has not been activated.
- The credit card was declined due to insufficient funds.
- The credit card cannot accept online purchases or automatic billing.
- The credit card company is intentionally preventing the card from being used.
Contact your credit card company or bank and make sure the card you're using was activated, that it has available funds, and that the transaction isn't being blocked for some reason.
Solution 4: Try your purchase again later
The purchase might be blocked for one of the following reasons:
- Too many recent declined purchase attempts.
- The Xbox account or the payment option is being used from an incorrect location.
- The payment option you provided may have a violation for non-payment that's preventing it from being used for new purchases.
Wait and then try the transaction again in 24 to 48 hours. When a number of purchase failures occur, this can prevent transactions from being processed until no purchases have been attempted for a while (usually 24 to 48 hours).
If you keep getting the error after 48 hours, try the next solution.
Solution 5: Use an Xbox gift card if available
Alternatively, you can buy an Xbox gift card from a retail location and redeem it for Xbox purchases.
Note Not all purchases support Xbox gift cards. Before purchasing one, make sure that you can purchase the item you want with it.
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Brief Description:
A multi-disciplinary full text database containing full text for more than 8,750 journals including more than 7,800 peer-reviewed titles.
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Archives of science, social science, & humanities journals. Generally does NOT include the most recent 3-5 years
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Multi-disciplinary database containing full text for more than 10,900 titles. Scholarly journals, newspapers, magazines, business information.
Please join us in welcoming Kate Salathé as St. Lawrence University's new Systems Librarian.
The digital scholarship group partners with faculty and students to develop projects which feature innovative approaches and creative uses of digital technologies.


text:
In the last couple of days I have seen a number of pedigrees from different people who were looking at their families for essentially the first time. I had some time to view their existing information critically. In four different pedigrees of the four different people, all from FamilySearch Family Tree, there were the same set of problems:
1. The dates given for births, marriages and deaths did not match up with common sense or logic.
2. There were unexplained gaps between marriage dates and the dates shown for the children or between children.
3. The names shown for ancestors were inconsistent and multiple marriages were shown with different sets of parents.
In each case the person I was helping saw no problem with the data until I explained the problems. Even when I thought they understood the problems, they still saw no real reason to do anything about the inconsistencies. This information had been entered somewhere into the databases making up the FamilySearch Family Tree by their relatives and/or ancestors. This could have happened with any one or more of the online family tree program.
One of basic concepts of genealogical research has to be the concept of rationality. Do the entries, dates, names, places make sense? How old were the parents when the children were born? If children were born in different places, do you know why? How old were people when they died? These, plus many other questions help resolve basic issues with the data in a pedigree. So genealogy programs have a built-in time line, or ability to view the data superimposed on a list of national or international events. Other programs have error checking capabilities to check whether or not a county existed at the time entered or whether other information entered is reasonable. But there is no program that will do your job for you as a researcher.
Before entering a date or place in your database, think about it. Is it reasonable? Is it consistent with information you already know to be accurate and correct? This is not say that there won't be surprises and strange things happening, but in those cases, as long as you figure out what is happening, you can document your sources to support your conclusions.
In one of the files I looked at the last few days, the father was supposed to be born in Ireland, but died in Scotland. His children were born in Ireland. My question was why did he die in Scotland? I suppose you could imagine dozens of scenarios to explain what happened, but the real question was what was the source for the death in Scotland? And did they have the right person? One thing that alerted me to a potential problem was a change in the spelling of the surname from the grandfather to the father (who had a different name and died in Scotland) to the son (who lived in Ireland and had his name spelled the same way as the grandfather).
Spelling, inconsistent dates, name changes, inconsistent places, all these are clues that the information on a pedigree or family group record is questionable and further research is warranted. Is the record complete? Does it make sense? How much of the information has valid sources? Have you checked the sources? No one inconsistency is necessarily indicative of a problem. For example, spelling is somewhat arbitrary. Variations in spelling have little or no significance in identifying people unless it becomes an issue. But spelling variations only become a non-issue when there are sufficient additional sources to overcome the questions that arise. In this example, you could substitute any sort of variation or inconsistency in the place of name variations. The variations raise flags that require additional research.


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Newport Beach Scores BCS Tourism Touchdown
23 Oct, 2013
More Than 10,000 Expected to Stay in Newport Beach, California Hotels for VIZIO BCS National Championship
Southern California's most luxurious and charming coastal community will host more than 10,000 visitors for the January 6, VIZIO BCS National Championship.
The biggest game in college football will be played at Pasadena's iconic Rose Bowl Stadium, while Newport Beach will act as "home base" for both teams, coaching staff, fans, VIP delegates, alumni groups, band members and national sports media.
The city's official marketing organization Visit Newport Beach Inc. worked hand-in-hand with Tournament of Roses officials in securing various locations throughout the area. Visit Newport Beach Inc. Sales Manager Amanda Kliem took the lead and garnered the agreement through custom destination site visits and accommodation partnerships.
Any destination within an hour's drive to Newport Beach was in the consideration set of the Tournament of Roses. However, with Newport Beach's casual-chic ambiance, spectacular ocean backdrop and celebrated hotels, Newport Beach won over the competition as the ideal location to serve as the game week preparation site for the 2014 VIZIO BCS National Championship.
"We are looking forward to welcoming the BCS delegation once more to experience the distinctive charms of Newport Beach," says Gary Sherwin, President & CEO of Visit Newport Beach Inc. "We want to ensure that all visitors can fully embrace the warm, quintessential spirit of our picturesque destination."
Newport Beach previously hosted teams, media and guests for the 2010 Citi BCS National Championship. The event turned out to be a huge success and the biggest week for tourism in the city's history.
"To this day, we still have friends from Alabama and Texas who thank us for this wonderful experience," says Libby Wright, Chair of the Rose Bowl Management Committee. "I would be remiss not to mention that Newport Beach calls on the weather gods to provide a picture perfect forecast."
This year, with Kliem as chairperson of the local organizing BCS Host Committee, programs are already in motion to make the event bigger and better for 2014. "The BCS Host Committee is striving to create enduring visitor experiences," Kliem says, "Our intent is to motivate return visits and positively reinforcing the destination brand image."
Alumni groups and meeting planners representing group travel can contact the Visit Newport Beach conference sales teams to book group rooms.
The 2010 championship events gleaned a tremendous boost in revenue, with hotel occupancy at full capacity and significant income for Newport Beach's renowned dining, shopping and entertainment venues. 2014 will be a landmark year as we expect $3-$6 Million in economic revenue for the local economy. That far exceeds revenue from any other community event.
About Visit Newport Beach Inc.: Visit Newport Beach Inc. is a not-for-profit, 501(c)6 destination marketing organization that positions Newport Beach as a premier visitor and conference destination. For more information, go to VisitNewportBeach.com.


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Updated: Tuesday, 17 Dec 2013 22:39 | Comments
Ki Sung-yueng was the hero as relegation-haunted Sunderland dumped Chelsea out of the Capital One Cup to book a place in the semi-finals with a 2-1 win in extra-time.
The South Korea international, on loan at the Stadium of Light from Swansea, struck in the final minute of extra time to complete a famous victoryand end Jose Mourinho's hopes of winning the trophy which gave him his first honour during his previous spell at Stamford Bridge.
Lee Cattermole's own goal looked to have sent Chelsea through to the last four until substitute Fabio Borini struck with just two minutes of normal time remaining to send the tie into extra time.
Indeed, the Italian might have won it in stoppage time had it not been for Gary Cahill's desperate challenge with the Black Cats mounting a late charge.
But Mourinho will have been fuming after the visitors had entered the closing stages of the initial 90 minutes in control and having squandered chances to kill the tie off.
They had taken the lead when the unfortunate Cattermole bundled Cesar Azpilicueta's 46th-minute cross past goalkeeper Vito Mannone under pressure from Frank Lampard.
Referee Anthony Taylor, if he needed it, was alerted to the fact that the ball had crossed the line by the new technology in place in League Cup for the first time, with replays later confirming the Sunderland man had got the decisive touch.
The Black Cats have now scored six own goals in 11 games, a tally manager Gus Poyet believes is not simply down to ill fortune, although Cattermole was certainly out of luck on this occasion.
However, Borini snatched an 88th-minute leveller after Jozy Altidore's shot had been blocked to set the stage for substitute Ki.
The midfielder, a 63rd-minute replacement for Craig Gardner, had already forced a brilliant save from Mark Schwarzer, but needed not second invitation when the ball arrived at his feet with just seconds of extra time remaining.
Both sides enjoyed periods of first-half possession, but apart from an early flurry during which Mannone had to field long-range efforts from Andre Schurrle and Willian, neither goalkeeper was called upon in earnest.
Poyet had deployed Cattermole in front of his back four and the ploy served to frustrate Chelsea, who saw plenty of the ball, but struggled to find space in and around the penalty area.
What good work they did came largely courtesy of Willian and Schurrle with the latter drilling an 18th-minute ball across the face of goal, but crucially beyond the supporting blue shirts.
The Black Cats gradually grew into the game and with Emanuele Giaccherini and lone striker Altidore causing problems for the visitors' back four, created half-chances of their own.
The Italy international might have done better when he met Sebastian Larsson's 20th-minute free-kick beyond the far post, only to scuff his effort, and he blazed high into the stand after side-stepping John Obi Mikel with a minute of the first half remaining.
However, the deadlock was broken within 39 seconds of the restart, and it came from a familiar source.
Full-back Azpilicueta broke into space on the right and drilled the ball across goal, where Cattermole got the decisive touch.
Samuel Eto'o could have killed the tie off within minutes after he found himself in on goal with just Mannone to beat, but he steered his right-foot attempt wide of the post.
He went close again seconds later when his drive looped up off defender John O'Shea and landed on the roof of the net, and Mannone had to make a solid save to push Kevin De Bruyne's well-struck 56th-minute effort around the post.
Cattermole did call veteran keeper Mark Schwarzer into action with a rasping 30-yard drive, but Mannone had to turn away another Schurrle strike 12 minutes from time.
But it was Borini found himself in the right place at the right time to latch on to Altidore's blocked shot and blast home the equaliser.
The Italian might have won it in injury time had it not been for Cahill's last-gasp challenge, but Mannone had to save from Luiz four minutes into extra-time.
Borini stabbed wide from Andrea Dossena's deep cross, but Michael Essien repelled Altidore's goal-bound effort after he had helped on Ki's shot.
Schwarzer produced a superb save to keep out Ki's 114th-minute header, but there was nothing the 41-year-old could do to deny him five minutes later when he cut inside from Borini's past and thumped the ball into the bottom corner.
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