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I assume that you have an understanding of what XAML is, or how it is used in WPF, and know what I mean when I mention labels, textboxes and comboboxes. Knowledge of WinForms is not essential but a basic understanding of WPF and common controls is.
Part 2
Windows Presentation Foundation :MSDN
My Objectives:
- Get a basic Window up and running, with labels, textboxes, a combobox, etc..
- I use Grid and StackPanel layouts - discuss these (and others)
- The Window will be adaptable. We can use different controls and make the Window bigger or smaller
- Use, and introduce, Styles, reducing the amount of XAML we need to type
- Add a couple of Style Triggers, just to introduce this subject.
Styling and Templating :MSDN
Without further ado, here is the Window:
I do not claim it to be perfect (or very exciting) but it is workable and I hope that you will learn a number of things about WPF in the process of building it.
IMPORTANT NOTE: The Window doesn't do anything.. clicking the buttons won't get you anywhere!
Here is the Designer view with gridlines, for reference:
Brief Intro - Margins or Height/Width?
Create a new (temporary) WPF Application and double-click the Button control in the Toolbox to add it to the Window, or drag-and-drop it onto the Window if you prefer. Look at the XAML this creates:
<Window x:Class="WpfApplication1.MainWindow" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" Title="MainWindow" Height="350" Width="525"> <Grid> <Button Content="Button" HorizontalAlignment="Left" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="75"/> </Grid> </Window>
Notice that you are adding the Button to a default Grid, not to the Window itself.
If you run the application the Button is static and quite dull. (Try resizing the window.) It has a fixed width and is very WinForm-like.
The WPF-Designer is a pale imitation of the WinForm-Designer and doesn't make good choices about default attributes/properties. At a very early stage it is useful to drag and drop controls, look through the added control's Properties Window, and read the generated XAML. This will give you a feel for WPF - an overview. But, very soon after this, we need to start getting used to writing the XAML instead. Don't worry:
- Adding a control with XAML is easy, and there's intellisense to help us
- We only need to add a few attributes to a control to get the look that we want
- Creating Styles for controls will reduce our typing even further
- The Designer is still useful as it gives us (almost) immediate visual feedback.
There is a small icon between the two panes (it has two arrows) that switches the panes, moving the XAML to the top (if you prefer). There is also one to collapse the Designer pane.
Expression Blend can be used to design WPF. I've read mixed opinions about it, but I haven't explored it so can't comment.
Press Undo to get rid of the Button, or Delete it from the Designer (or the XAML). Instead, drag the Button from the Toolbox and drop it into the XAML, between the Grid tags:
<Grid> <Button /> </Grid>
Notice in the Designer that the Button now occupies the full extent of the Grid - this is the default behaviour if no width, or other metrics, are given to the button.
Change the XAML to this:
<Grid> <Button Content="My Button" Margin="10" /> </Grid>
Run this version and resize the
<Grid> <Button Margin="10,20,30,40">Still My Button</Button> </Grid>
The text on the button can either be set as the Content-attribute or as the text/value enclosed by the Button-tags. Using Content is the more WPF way. It is called Content because it doesn't have to be Text.. it can be an image, some other Control.. or anything.
We are setting the left, top, right and bottom margins. Note that "10,20" will set the left and right margins to 10, and the top and bottom to 20.
These numbers aren't pixels, they are Device Independent Pixels (DIPs). "A DIP is defined as 1/96th of a logical inch". They are pixels with attitude.
My (personal) Early Conclusions:
- Work with margins and padding in preference to setting specific widths or heights. This provides us with a flexible (fluid/liquid) layout. The control will fill its available space, keeping the margins intact.
- Try to avoid setting both margins and widths/heights. These are competing attributes. I haven't investigated the algorithm that is used to resolve these settings but I'm guessing there might occur some odd behaviour if you use both, such as the height of the control(s) suddenly collapsing. Investigate this if it intrigues you*.
- We can use MinWidth and MinHeight to prevent a Window getting ridiculously small. We should consider MaxWidth and MaxHeight as well, although I prefer to leave this consideration until the Window is built/complete. (A side-note: Why would somebody want to make my Window much bigger than I had intended/designed?)
- I prefer to set min/max on the Window itself. If you start doing this with individual controls (or control-types) I can foresee it getting a little messy. Just my opinion.
With my Window I demonstrate the behaviour of both Height/Width and MinHeight/MinWidth. You can then decide which approach you prefer. As it turned out, I preferred setting Height/Width (for the Grid-cells). So my personal preference for this specific Window was to use a fixed layout. (I can probably blame this on my WinForm background.)
With a fluid layout the controls will resize with the Window, but the font-sizes won't change - they don't autoscale. A quick search suggests that this isn't as easy to achieve as it could be. It seems to require ViewBoxes. I haven't pursued this topic.
* Layout :MSDN
Let's Get Started - Default Font and Font-Size
Abandon the application and start a new WPF Application named ProgrammersWPF (or whatever).
From the Solution Explorer open the file App.xaml and add this Style as a Resource:
<Application x:Class="ProgrammersWPF.App" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" StartupUri="Mainwindow.xaml"> <Application.Resources> <Style x:Key="windowStyle" TargetType="{x:Type Window}"> <Setter Property="FontFamily" Value="Verdana" /> <Setter Property="FontSize" Value="12" /> <Setter Property="MinWidth" Value="500" /> <Setter Property="MinHeight" Value="300" /> </Style> </Application.Resources> </Application>
WPF Styles are similar to css-stylesheets. They use a form of inheritance - similar to, but not exactly the same as, css-styles. Setting the font and font-size of a Window will cause all child-controls of the Window to inherit these settings. Not every setting is inherited: the MinWidth and MinHeight won't be. (Note: You could omit, or comment out, the MinWidth/Height settings for now, and reinstate them a bit later.)
This is an application-wide resource. The Style is named 'windowStyle' (its Key) and it applies to (is targeted to) Window controls. If we omitted the Key then it would apply to all Window's within this Application. Because we are using a Key we need to modify the Mainwindow.xaml to tell it to apply this style to our Window:
<Window x:Class="ProgrammersWPF.MainWindow" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" Title="Programmers Window" Style="{StaticResource windowStyle}">
(The full code is listed at the end of the tutorial.)
If we set a default font and size we will probably want to apply this consistently throughout our application, but we shall leave it as a named-resource for now.
You might initially think of a StaticResource as being similar to an internal or external css-stylesheet (assuming you are familiar with css) and a DynamicResource as an inline stylesheet. This comparison doesn't take us too far though:
SO said:
A StaticResource will be resolved and assigned to the property during the loading of the XAML which occurs before the application is actually run. It will only be assigned once and any changes to resource dictionary ignored.
A DynamicResource assigns an Expression object to the property during loading but does not actually lookup the resource until runtime when the Expression object is asked for the value. This defers looking up the resource until it is needed at runtime. A good example would be a forward reference to a resource defined later on in the XAML. Another example is a resource that will not even exist until runtime. It will update the target if the source resource dictionary is changed.
A DynamicResource assigns an Expression object to the property during loading but does not actually lookup the resource until runtime when the Expression object is asked for the value. This defers looking up the resource until it is needed at runtime. A good example would be a forward reference to a resource defined later on in the XAML. Another example is a resource that will not even exist until runtime. It will update the target if the source resource dictionary is changed.
SO link
I don't explore DynamicResources in this tutorial.
Alternatively, we can create a more general Style without specifying a TargetType. In which case we need to qualify the Properties with their target control-type. For example:
<Style x:Key="generalStyle"> <Setter Property="window.FontFamily" Value="Verdana" /> <Setter Property="window.FontSize" Value="12" /> <Setter Property="window.MinWidth" Value="500" /> <Setter Property="window.MinHeight" Value="300" /> </Style>
(We can include different control-types in this single Style.)
This can create a more general, comprehensive, Style that can be applied to a number of different control-types. This is an interesting option but I don't use it in this tutorial. It requires careful planning (IMO) and is probably best left until we have a good understanding of how Styles work.
You could close this App.xaml file for now.
Laying It Out
Panel Elements and Custom Layout behaviors :MSDN
Nest the default Grid inside a DockPanel. Define the heights and widths of the cells of the Grid:
<Window x:Class="ProgrammersWPF.MainWindow" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" Title="Programmers Window" Style="{StaticResource windowStyle}"> <DockPanel> <Grid> <Grid.RowDefinitions> <RowDefinition Height="50" /> <RowDefinition Height="50" /> <RowDefinition Height="50" /> <RowDefinition Height="50" /> <RowDefinition Height="50" /> </Grid.RowDefinitions> <Grid.ColumnDefinitions> <ColumnDefinition Width="100" /> <ColumnDefinition Width="100" /> <ColumnDefinition Width="100" /> <ColumnDefinition Width="100" /> <ColumnDefinition Width="100" /> <ColumnDefinition Width="100" /> </Grid.ColumnDefinitions> </Grid> </DockPanel> </Window>
Notice in the Designer that the last row and column extend beyond this height and width. Add the SizeToContent attribute to the Window to fix this:
Title="Programmers Window" SizeToContent="WidthAndHeight"
If you prefer, you could give the Window a specific Height and Width.
A DockPanel is often used as the main container/parent-control. We can position other controls within it to the top, bottom, left, right and optionally in the centre. It is also quite often used without positioning anything within it, so that it just fills the window.
The DockPanel is a little redundant. Part of the reason to include it is that later we may wish to extract the Grid and make it a user/custom control that we insert into the Window as part of the MVVM pattern. (MSDN Magazine article.). For this tutorial though, we just insert it and ignore it.
Once you've added a few controls to the Grid you can change all of the above Height and Width values to MinHeight and MinWidth to obtain a fluid layout.
There is a UniformGrid so, if we are using the same widths and heights, why not use it? I did explore this but it was simply too restrictive.
Grid System
The 960 grid system and similar are popular with css, and I am following similar principles. If we divide the grid into a sensible number of cells then we have a very flexible layout, that can handle most combinations of controls.
My goal is to start with specified, uniform, widths and heights. I will allow controls to span rows and columns and use margins to align them neatly. If I need more room I prefer to add rows and columns (of the same dimensions) rather than modifying individual widths or heights.
Nevertheless, once the Window is complete, we still have the option to change a width or height, for the aesthetics. The problem is, if you start to do this before you've added all the controls, you never get it just right, and the Grid is no longer re-usable.
I will also use a StackPanel layout for the buttons, discussed later.
For Windows with few controls, such as a main switchboard or a Window with a large DataGrid, I would consider a DockPanel, StackPanel, or combinations of these. A Grid is overkill if there are only a few controls on the window.
Controls and their Style
Add the first Label and TextBox:
</Grid.ColumnDefinitions> <Label Grid.Row="0" Grid.Column="0" Content="First Name" /> <TextBox Grid.Row="0" Grid.Column="1" Grid.ColumnSpan="2" x:Name="txtFirstName" />
I have given the TextBox a Name. In WinForms I name all my controls but in WPF it is not necessary, and perhaps even frowned upon by some. I take the middle-ground: I name all controls that will represent data-values, but I (largely) don't name controls that are simply UI-elements, such as Buttons.
We can't see the TextBox very easily because by default it fills the two cells that it spans. You could add a background-colour to the Window's Style (in App.xaml):
<Setter Property="Background" Value="LightGray" />
You could add this property to the Grid instead if you prefer:
<Grid Background="BlanchedAlmond">
.. or whatever colour you fancy! Of course, rather than adding this to the Grid directly, I would rather define a Grid-style.
Add the following style which targets Control rather than any specific type of control.
Style="{StaticResource windowStyle}"> <window.Resources> <Style x:Key="controlStyle" TargetType="Control"> <Setter Property="HorizontalContentAlignment" Value="Left" /> <Setter Property="VerticalContentAlignment" Value="Center" /> </Style> </window.Resources> <DockPanel>
Recall that if we didn't give this Style a name (its Key) then these properties would (or should) affect nearly all controls. However, this isn't the one size fits all solution that you might expect. Only a certain number of properties will carry-through - only among control-wide properties. We also cannot include properties that are only relevant to specific control-types.
Besides, it is unlikely that the set of properties that you apply to labels will be the same as those for (all) textboxes, checkboxes, etc.. ContentAlignment is, though, a good example of a property that can apply to a Control.
We could, alternatively, create these styles as Application.Resources (in App.xaml), or even package our styles together as a theme or add-in. This requires some planning because our application is likely to use different kinds of Windows.
ResourceDictionary Class
Creating Resource Dictionaries :msdn blog
Add two more styles for labels and textboxes that are BasedOn our Control-Style:
</Style> <Style TargetType="Label" BasedOn="{StaticResource controlStyle}"> <Setter Property="Padding" Value="10" /> </Style> <Style TargetType="TextBox" BasedOn="{StaticResource controlStyle}"> <Setter Property="Padding" Value="3" /> <Setter Property="Margin" Value="10,12" /> </Style> </window.Resources>
I am a css-minimalist. I aim to get the results I want with as few rules (properties) as possible. Just Margins. Then maybe Padding, then maybe one or two more.
Labels do have Margins, but they also have a default Padding of "5" (units). Rather than playing with both I just overrule the default Padding-value. The significant detail is that the left-margin of textboxes and left-padding of labels are the same so that they will align neatly.
Unless you add a background or border to a label then there is essentially no difference between its padding and margin.
Let's add the other Label, TextBox and the CheckBox, and a style for the CheckBox:
<Style TargetType="CheckBox" BasedOn="{StaticResource controlStyle}"> <Setter Property="Margin" Value="10" /> </Style> <Label Grid.Row="1" Grid.Column="0" Content="Last Name" /> <TextBox Grid.Row="1" Grid.Column="1" Grid.ColumnSpan="2" x:Name="txtLastName" /> <CheckBox Content="Active?" Grid.Row="0" Grid.Column="3" x:Name="ckbActive" />
Now the DatePicker:
<Style TargetType="DatePicker" BasedOn="{StaticResource controlStyle}"> <Setter Property="Margin" Value="10,12" /> </Style> </window.Resources> <Label Grid.Row="2" Grid.Column="0" Content="Start Date" /> <DatePicker Grid.Row="2" Grid.Column="1" Grid.ColumnSpan="2" x:Name="dpStartDate" /> </Grid>
The DatePicker was a late addition to the Toolbox and is, let's say, unfinished. It is difficult to control the positioning of the text-region in relation to the calender-icon, and you might even see an odd blue border around it. You can play with Margin, Padding and other properties, or create a ControlTemplate for it. Or, like me, you can accept it as is.
I don't want to waste hours fiddling with the look of the DatePicker. If its look or behaviour bothered me too much I think I would look for a plug-in version; I'm sure someone has already done this hard work for us.
The ComboBox and ListBox:
Eventually, of course, these items wouldn't usually be hard-coded into the XAML, but be retrieved from, and bound to, a data-source (an object).
I added the long text to see how the ListBox behaves. It behaves quite well, with a horizontal scrollbar appearing when needed, but adding another column (and spanning the ListBox across 3-columns) can be considered. The behaviour would be more tightly controlled if the ListBox were given a specific Width, but this is something that I hope to avoid. One, of many, possible approaches is to create a Style giving the list-items a specific width, which will cause the horizontal scrollbar to appear immediately.
<Style TargetType="ListBoxItem" BasedOn="{StaticResource controlStyle}"> <Setter Property="Width" Value="200" /> </Style>
However, if the purpose of this is simply to display the horizontal scrollbar, then it is unnecessary because the ListBox has a ScrollViewer.HorizontalScrollBarVisibility attribute.
StackPanel and Buttons
I put the Buttons in a StackPanel which can lay-out its child controls either horizontally or vertically.
<Style TargetType="Button"> <Setter Property="Margin" Value="10" /> <Setter Property="MinWidth" Value="70" /> </Style> </ListBox> <StackPanel Grid.Row="5" Grid.Column="0" Grid.ColumnSpan="5" Orientation="Horizontal" HorizontalAlignment="Center"> <Button Content="First" /> <Button Content="Previous" /> <Button Content="Next" /> <Button Content="Last" /> <Button Content="New" /> </StackPanel>
You could, if you want, just put each Button in a separate cell of the Grid. This would enable the buttons to be aligned with the other controls on the Window, but it will become fiddly when the text of one of the buttons is too wide for the cell.
Personally, I do not consider it important that the buttons should align with other controls; they perform a different function than the textboxes, etc.. It is more important that the buttons look neat collectively, as a group.
I do not care that the buttons have slightly different widths. You could give them the same, specific, width if you want but you should anticipate that, at some point, you might need to add a button that needs a larger width.
I do, however, set a minimum-width as I don't want a button to be oddly-narrow in comparison to its brothers.
Another advantage of using a StackPanel is that it makes the button-set more portable.
Introducing Style Triggers
Style.Triggers Property :MSDN
MSDN said:
Essentially, triggers are objects that enable you to apply changes when certain conditions (such as when a certain property value becomes true, or when an event occurs) are satisfied.
Buttons already have a default Trigger: if you move your mouse over a button its Background changes to a window's-grey colour. (To change this colour you need to modify the Button's ControlTemplate.)
The following Trigger makes the button-text Bold when the mouse is over a Button. That is, when "IsMouseOver" has the value "True".
<Style TargetType="Button"> <Setter Property="Margin" Value="10" /> <Setter Property="MinWidth" Value="70" /> <Style.Triggers> <Trigger Property="IsMouseOver" Value="True"> <Setter Property="FontWeight" Value="Bold" /> </Trigger> </Style.Triggers> </Style>
Cool. No code required! This is a great aspect of WPF. This kind of effect has nothing to do with the model, or business-layer, behind our application, so it is great, and sensible, that it sits inside the presentation-layer.
This is significantly different to the purely event-based model of WinForms. With WinForms this effect requires code, so it is hardly surprising that WinForm-programmers acquire the habit on integrating UI/effect-code with their business (model) code.
Another notable difference from WinForms is that we don't have to write anything to reverse the property-change. When the mouse is no longer over the button its font-weight automatically reverts to its original value.
Another simple example is to make a listbox-item oblique when selected:
<Style TargetType="ListBoxItem"> <Style.Triggers> <Trigger Property="IsSelected" Value="True"> <Setter Property="FontStyle" Value="Oblique" /> </Trigger> </Style.Triggers> </Style>
I found, and borrowed, the following code from stackoverflow. It is a glow effect (an Animation) on textboxes when they gain, and lose, focus.
I shall leave you to study it:
Animation Overview :MSDN
Storyboards Overview :MSDN
A more traditional effect is to make a control's background yellow on-focus:
<Style x:Key="controlStyle" TargetType="Control"> <Setter Property="HorizontalContentAlignment" Value="Left" /> <Setter Property="VerticalContentAlignment" Value="Center" /> <Style.Triggers> <Trigger Property="IsFocused" Value="True"> <Setter Property="Background" Value="LightYellow" /> </Trigger> </Style.Triggers> </Style>
You will notice, though, that it only affects the textboxes. That's fine as it would be slightly odd if it affected, for example, the combobox. Given this, I would probably just move it into the TextBox-Style.
MultiTriggers change property values or perform actions when a set of conditions are met. Here is an example that changes the background for a particular ListBoxItem:
<Style TargetType="ListBoxItem"> <Setter Property="Background" Value="Transparent" /> <Style.Triggers> <Trigger Property="IsSelected" Value="True"> <Setter Property="FontStyle" Value="Oblique" /> </Trigger> <MultiTrigger> <MultiTrigger.Conditions> <Condition Property="Content" Value="Java" /> </MultiTrigger.Conditions> <MultiTrigger.Setters> <Setter Property="Background" Value="Aquamarine" /> </MultiTrigger.Setters> </MultiTrigger> </Style.Triggers> </Style>
Here is the full code:
The Window includes this additional code:
Style="{StaticResource windowStyle}" Loaded="Window_Loaded" FocusManager.FocusedElement="{Binding ElementName=txtFirstName}">
The second line sets the focus to the firstname-textbox when the application is run.
I said right at the beginning that there is no code-behind in this tutorial. However, I did experiment with this single line of code in Mainwindow.xaml.cs:
private void Window_Loaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) { //this.lstLang.Height = (this.lstLang.ActualHeight / this.lstLang.Items.Count) * 6; }
This would cause the ListBox to only display six items, but it disturbs my design. I mention it just in case it interests you.
This post has been edited by andrewsw: 08 May 2014 - 12:56 PM

subset: commoncrawl


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The countdown to the ninth FIFA Confederations Cup, one of the most keenly awaited in recent times, began in earnest on Saturday, when the Draw for the competition was held at the Anhembi Convention Centre in Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Presented by FIFA Secretary General Jerome Valcke, the Draw ceremony revealed who will face who in the group phase of the Festival of Champions, which takes place in Brazil on 15-30 June 2013.
Group A: Brazil, Japan, Mexico, Italy.
Group B: Spain, Uruguay, Tahiti, the next African champions
The national team coaches in the audience looked on intently as Luiz Felipe Scolari's Brazil learned they will face Japan in the opening match of the competition, to be played on 15 June at Brasilia's Estadio Nacional.
That game is not the only group-phase encounter we will be waiting for expectantly in the coming months. Brazil and Italy will clash in a re-run of their epic encounters in 1970 and 1982, while Spain and Uruguay, who both reached the sem-finals at South Africa 2010, will lock horns.
Meanwhile, the identity of Africa's representatives will be revealed at the final of the CAF Africa Cup of Nations, to be played on 10 February in South Africa.
Stars on parade
The draw also revealed the close ties that bind Brazilian culture and the sport of football. World-famous supermodel Adriana Lima and the celebrated chef Alex Atala both lent a helping hand on the stage, where they were in very good company. Stars of the calibre of Bebeto, Ronaldo, Cafu, who presented the official tournament matchball, and Marta rubbed shoulders with local personalities from the worlds of politics and entertainment. Helping the show go with a swing were musical acts Arlindo Cruz, Maria Gadu and Meninos do Morumbi, who kept the guests very well entertained.
"In this FIFA Confederations Cup, we have no less than 12 FIFA World Cup stars, so it is not a rehearsal competition, only to look at the possibilities of Brazil," said FIFA President Joseph S. Blatter. "It's an authentic Festival of Champions. I am sure Brazil will deliver a wonderful competition and will follow it up with a great FIFA World Cup."
Brazilian President Dilma Rousseff added: "Today we start the countdown for the FIFA Confederations Cup and we're all aware that Brazil has a double responsibility in this tournament: to show off a beautiful brand of football that honours the Brazilian traditions and to accomplish another mission off the pitch, that is, to organise a tournament that's unforgettable because of our organisation and the way we will welcome the seven national teams and their fans. Our six host cities will be ready and will show that Brazil gathers all the conditions to host the World Cup in 2014."
The event, which ran for a little over an hour, set the perfect tone for the 2013 Festival of Champions, a tournament that will give the world's best the chance to exhibit their skills on the very same stage that will host the FIFA World Cup™, the greatest footballing show on Earth, one year later.
The public ticket sale will start on Monday, 3 December at 12:00 CET (09:00 Brasilia Time) on FIFA.com.
Have your say
Which of the two groups do you think is the more evenly balanced? And which group match are you looking forward to the most? Click on 'Add your comment' and share your views with your fellow FIFA.com users.


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Top 10 Photos to Take with Leaves This Fall
Photograph your children and the splendor of autumn colors with one of these photo ideas for fall.
1. Have your child hold a leaf with her arm fully extended in front of her. Zoom in so the leaf fills the bottom two-thirds of the photo and the face fills the top one-third.
2. Lie on the ground below a tree, and photograph your child with the tree's leaves filling the background.
3. Photograph a tree so the leaves fill one-third or two-thirds of your photo and blue sky fills the rest.
4. Photograph a tree where one or two leaves are several feet away from the other leaves. Use your camera's portrait or macro mode to focus on the closer leaves, which will blur the leaves behind them. This approach is especially stunning when the leaves in the background have turned a different color from the leaves in the foreground.
5. Have your children hold hands and walk down a tree-lined path. See the photo below.
Photo by Jaime Ward
6. Encourage your son to make a "leaf angel" (similar to a snow angel) while you take a picture standing behind him.
7. Have your child lie down in the leaves. Kneel on the ground to the side of her, and take the photo positioned close to the ground so the leaves fill the bottom of your viewfinder and grass fills the top of it, with your child positioned between the two-or vice versa. Tip: You may need to sweep away some leaves to reveal the grass below them.
8. Photograph your child tossing leaves into the air.
9. Stack a pile of leaves, fan them out slightly, and have your child peek behind them.
10. Have your child kneel, and photograph him from above to capture the colorful leaves on the ground. He will be the center of attention rather than being dwarfed by tall trees. See the photo below.
Photo by Jaime Ward
Once you've taken a fall photo, share it with other scrapbookers by posting it in the Club CK gallery so they can see your creative ideas! Just follow these instructions after creating your free account on Club CK.
These tips originally appeared in the October 2010 issue of Creating Keepsakes magazine. To see quick-and-easy scrapbook pages created with fall photos, check out the October 2010 issue, which you can purchase here.
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text:
Main navigation |
Main content
Classical theory of electromagnetic fields using vector algebra and vector calculus.
prereq: [2303 or 2601 or Chem 3501 or Chem 3502], two sems soph math
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PhyloWidget Quickstart
Note: a URL pointing to your favorite Newick or Nexus file is also valid input for PhyloWidget Full.
What is PhyloWidget?
PhyloWidget is a program for viewing, editing, and publishing phylogenetic trees online. It is small, contains a simple yet powerful user interface, and contains many novel features not available in other phylogenetic viewers (see the screenshots).
What is it used for?
PhyloWidget is specifically designed for:
- Visually exploring small, medium and large phylogenetic trees
- Editing trees with a simple, intuitive user interface
- Creating publication-quality tree figures
- Interfacing with databases through a URL-based API
Who wrote it?
The software was written by Gregory Jordan as a Google Summer of Code project under the mentorship of Bill Piel. Many thanks are also due to Hilmar Lapp, a secondary mentor on the project and the lead organizer of the Phyloinformatics Summer of Code 2007.
If PhyloWidget has played an important role in your publication, please cite us!
PhyloWidget: web-based visualizations for the tree of life
Gregory E. Jordan; William H. Piel
Bioinformatics 2008 24: 1641-1642
PubMed | CiteULike
Contact Information
All queries regarding the general use, integration, or availability of PhyloWidget should be directed towards email@example.com.
Bugs may be reported using the Issue Tracker on Google Code.
For more general queries, requests for collaboration, etc., please contact Bill Piel and/or Gregory Jordan directly.
Extensive documentation for PhyloWidget has been produced in the form a series of short vignettes, collectively titled PhyloWidget Step-by-Step:here. This is a very useful resource if you are attempting to use the advanced functionality of PhyloWidget.
In the spirit of Literate Programming, we've documented some of PhyloWidget's more interesting configuration parameters within the code itself. All of the source code can be reached via the Google code browser. Here are the most useful links:
A list of known problems and potential solutions can be found on the Troubleshooting Page:
The following downloads are automatically generated by the PhyloWidget build script. They should reflect the current version of PhyloWidget that is available on the website. To access the absolute latest source code, please use the Google Code SVN repository.
You may choose between:
Further information
- Google Code project page - to browse the source code, submit bugs, etc.
Open source projects used by PhyloWidget
- Processing (graphics)
- JGraphT (graph manipulations)
- iText (PDF generation)


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Minnesota Military Records
This entry was originally written by Carol L. Maki and Michael John Neill for Red Book: American State, County, and Town Sources.
Initial research on a Minnesota volunteer in the Civil War should include the two-volume Board of Commissioners on Publication of History in Civil and Indian Wars' Minnesota in the Civil and Indian Wars, 1861'1865 (St. Paul: Pioneer Press Co., 1890'93 and 1891'99). The first volume includes regimental rosters and narratives. The second contains reports and correspondence. Minnesota in the Civil and Indian Wars: An Index to the Rosters was compiled in 1936 for the Minnesota Historical Society by the WPA and is available on microfilm at the society.
The society's reference library has an incomplete file 'in progress' of veterans of these periods of warfare, including those who moved to Minnesota after the wars. The information, which may include residence, death date, widow's name, pension file number, regiment, and company, has been accumulated from a variety of sources, including the 1890 Federal Census of Veterans, pension registers, names of participants in GAR parades, the reports noting deaths during the years, and a few biographical sketches.
The Minnesota Historical Society Research Center holds numerous diaries of Civil War veterans, some regimental records, Grand Army of the Republic records, microfilms of service cards for Minnesota State Militia in federal military service in the Civil War, and Civil War Pension Registers of letters sent from the Adjutant General for 1877 through 1949. The name of the veteran, date of the letter, and amount awarded is included on the cards. Board of Auditors files at the research center includes minutes and registers of claims and certificates relating to the Dakota Conflict (Sioux uprising) of 1862. World War I military service cards for people who entered the service through the Minnesota National Guard are also at the research center along with photographic copies of original draft lists, induction lists, and soldiers' bonus records. This file includes over 120,000 bonus applications for Minnesota soldiers, marines, sailors, and medical personnel who served in World War I. It is not indexed, but the fifty-one questions on the application include name, place and date of birth, names and residence of nearest relative, draft information, present residence and occupation, name of employer, business address, name and address of parents at time of enlistment, length of residence in Minnesota, and marital status. The Minnesota Historical Society also has bonus records for World War II on microfilm.
The Public Safety Commission Gold Star Roll Records at the Minnesota Historical Research Center pertain to men and women from Minnesota who died in World War I. The four-page form includes biographical information and may include family photographs, letters, and clippings.
Other military records at the Minnesota Historical Society Research Center include Camp Ripley records for 1842 to 1843, Mexican border service payroll records from the early twentieth century, Minnesota soldiers' home records beginning in 1891, membership applications for the Sons of the American Revolution, and information from the Mexican-American and Spanish American wars.


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Here We Go Again! Cuts to Medicare/TRICARE Physician Payments Begin January 1 Unless Congress Acts
Attention TRICARE beneficiaries! In two weeks, doctors will face a 26.5% payment cut for care they provide to Medicare and TRICARE patients. The National Military Family Association believes these impending cuts will directly affect military families' access to timely care because physicians may decide to no longer care for their existing Medicare or TRICARE patients or accept new ones.
Getting a so-called "Doc Fix," which would end scheduled cuts in Medicare reimbursement rates, is a recurring issue. Congress temporarily stopped the scheduled payment cuts in February 2012 as part of the Middle Class Tax Relief and Job Creation Act of 2012 (P.L. 112-96). Unfortunately, that fix is due to expire on January 1, 2013, which means that without further Congressional action the 26.5% physician payment cut will go into effect. The timing of the expiration also means the issue has been caught up in the negotiations over the pending fiscal cliff. This makes fixing it that more difficult.
By law, TRICARE reimbursement rates must follow the Medicare reimbursement rules. The law does permit TRICARE to make exceptions if necessary to ensure an adequate network of providers or to eliminate a situation of severely impaired access to care. But, the process of making those adjustments can take time and may happen only after TRICARE officials receive enough reports that military families aren't finding the care they need.
Our research, Views from the Homefront, demonstrated the need for mental health services for military spouses and children. Our military families already experience difficulty gaining access to mental health care in many communities. We cannot afford to lose any mental health providers. After 11+ years of war, the military must be growing our access to mental health care rather than decreasing it.
We've been monitoring this issue and raising concerns about the impact not fixing the rates could have on military families. We encourage military families to contact Members of Congress (House and Senate) and tell them how these cuts can affect access to the health care they need. Ask Congress to implement a permanent fix.
What do you think about these potential cuts? Will your family be affected?
Posted by Joyce Raezer, Executive Director at the National Military Family Association
0 CommentsAdd yours
Such an important issue, and I'm going to post this on the Facebook page for "FLAT DADDY," the documentary I co-directed about military families and the impact of deployment. I noticed that the link for contacting House Representatives doesn't work, however. Can this be fixed? I'm hoping readers will follow through immediately if this grabs their attention. Thank you so much.
[…] but it did fix several issues important to military families, including a one-year extension of the Medicare/TRICARE doc fix, which will help protect families' access to health care. The compromise legislation did not […]


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Frequently Asked Questions
If you have trouble logging in to your Patagonia Pro account, please review the following questions before contacting us. If you still have trouble, the Patagonia Pro staff can be reached at firstname.lastname@example.com or via phone at 800-638-6464.
How do I become a pro?
How do I log into the pro website?
Where can I find my log-in details?
How come I can't log into my account?
Can I purchase a gift for someone with my discount?
Can I apply for the program if I work internationally?
How do I make a pro return/repair? Can I return to a store?
I am a snowsports pro and a member of the NSP, AASI or PSIA. Why can't I log in directly to the Patagonia Pro website?
I have comments to make about your products, where may I send them?
How do I know when to reapply?
Do you have a pro warranty?
1. How do I become a pro?
The Patagonia Pro Program is a membership program for qualified pros and influencers specific to our brand. Membership is by application only and all members need to reapply/requalify annually to continue membership and access. Membership is not guaranteed and can be revoked at any time. If you are interested in applying, please visit our Apply for Membership section and follow the instructions.
2. How do I log into the pro website?
After your application is approved and you have received our "welcome letter", log in to www.patagoniapro.com with your e-mail address and your personalized password. If you currently have a customer # you may change this into a personalized password by visiting the "account update" section after you are logged into the pro website. We are no longer using a source code!
3. Where can I find my log-in details?
Please utilize the "Password Help?" function during Log in website. If you do not have success retrieving your details, please contact us at email@example.com
4. How come I can't log into my account? The most common reasons why you may not be able to log in:
Email: Make sure to use the original e-mail address you registered with us for your Pro Account. If you changed/updated your e-mail address after registering, you will need to use the more current e-mail address. Check for extra spaces before or after the e-mail address when it is entered, or copy/pasted.
Renewal: Your pro account must be annually renewed. If it has been some time since you've used your account, your account may have been expired and it's time to renew. Begin by submitting a new application using your work e-mail address and following the instructions listed in your category.
IMPORTANT: E-mails from Patagonia.com and Patagoniapro.com are often blocked by SPAM filters. Please make sure to add all patagonia.com emails to your "safe" list to receive account information, new Patagonia product details and Pro promotions.
5. Can I purchase a gift for someone with my discount?Straight up: NO! Your account is for your use only. Any purchasing of gifts will result in the immediate cancellation of your account. You will be notified if there are any promotions that would be an exception to this rule.
6. Can I apply for the program if I work internationally?
The Pro Program is currently not available outside of the United States. If you live in Europe please visit our European website to apply. If you live in Japan please contact firstname.lastname@example.com.
7. How do I make a pro return/repair? Can I return to a store?
All pro returns and repairs MUST be done through the Pro Purchase Program. You may not return anything bought through this program to any Patagonia store or any other retailer.
To start the process; log in to your Pro account and search 'return'.
Send Returns to:
Patagonia Pro Returns
8550 White Fir Street
Reno, NV 89523
DO NOT return Pro purchases to Patagonia Retail Stores or Patagonia Dealers. This is considered abuse of the Pro Purchase Program and will result in termination of Pro privileges.
8. I am a member of the NSP, AASI or PSIA. Why can't I log in directly to the Patagonia Pro website?
You can! But in order to automatically be approved or renewed, we encourage you to access through your membership website. Look for a "Shop: Pro Offers" or "Member Benefits: Pro Deals" link on your organization's website. When contacting us please make sure to provide your full name and which organization you are with to better help your concerns or questions.
9. I have comments to make about your products, where may I send them?
We love to hear your feedback, good or bad. Submit reviews, pictures and/or video via our "reviews section" found on every product page.
We also have a blog: www.thecleanestline.com which is a great place to tell your story or comment on our products. Comments may be added to any posts. New post ideas should be submitted to: firstname.lastname@example.com.
10. How do I know when to reapply?
Your expiry date is on your Pro Account page and we will send out a notification email to let you know when it is time for you to renew. Please make sure to supply us with all the information we ask for, as our pro qualifications may change. There will be a renew button available to you 3-weeks prior to your renewal date.
Please review our pro program guidelines and warranty. Your account may be terminated if any of them are violated:
- Your pro account is for you and meant to outfit you for the work that you do. Please do not purchase gifts or buy gear for others. If someone admires your Patagonia gear (clients, friends or family), please refer them to our Patagonia stores or dealers.
- You must make all purchases; your spouse (or anyone else) cannot place orders for you. Exceptions may apply if approved by the pro team.
- You cannot shop for, return or exchange products in a retail store as a pro. Please identify yourself as pro when in these locations to be courteous to store employees.
- Exchanges and returns must always be processed through our Reno, NV returns center. Returning product at Patagonia dealers, retail or outlets stores is prohibited.
- Membership in this program should be considered a privilege and never a right or entitlement; this is a partnership of mutual respect.
Pro Warranty
As a Patagonia Pro, it is understood that you use your products in harsher climates, more often and are much more demanding of our gear. This means that damage due to wear and tear will happen at an accelerated rate. We reserve the right to deem returned products from seasons-past damaged due to normal wear and tear and will contact you about repair possibilities.


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You are about to enter a website that may contain content of an adult nature.
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Change country Slovenia
The best solution for lightweight loads
See City Cranes
This is the best option for handling heavy loads in construction and civil engineering
See Top Line
The most competitive solution for confined spaces
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See Hydraulic Luffing
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See Recovery Cranes & Derricks
Lifts for tower crane
See Tower Crane Lifts
Scale cranes
See Tower Crane Replicas
JASO's largest crane participates in the construction of 'The Ribbon', the project that will transform Sydney's skyline.
Read more
Our distributor Espamex took part in the construction projects for the KOI Sky Residences and Obispado Towers with JASO Tower Cranes.
read more
The scale model is available for sale on our website.
At JASO Tower Cranes, we have a wide range of cranes and multiple solutions available, offering safety, reliability and maximum productivity.
Discover all our products
See the film
5 continents, 30 projects and the best tower cranes
14 June 2019
We will be attending the International Tower Cranes Conference being held in Vienna as a Gold Sponsor Read more
28 March 2019
JASO presents its latest products launches at the World's leading construction machinery exhibition Read more


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Hall of Supreme Harmony, Forbidden City, Beijing, China.
journal, travel, photography and beauty
Better Living Through Beauty, Wisdom and Whimsey
Taking the camera for a walk!!!
Out and about with PHOTOPHILE
Capturing the beauty of God's creation through the lens of a camera
following the bouncing ball across the world
Travel Destinations & Photography
Travel, Lifestyle & Photography
photography, poetry
"If you have the words, there's always a chance that you'll find the way." ― Seamus Heaney
Places in Australia waiting for your "G'day"
Photos, art - and a little bit of LIT.
Simulcast Blog for Wordpress users
"Go, fly, roam, travel, voyage, explore, journey, discover, adventure."
Travels in Paradise
Stories to Inspire, Encourage, and Give Hope
i'll be just fine.


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The 9th of October, 1992, fell on a Friday. Day 283 of 1992. Decade: 1990s.
27 years, 4 months and 8 days have passed since the 9th of October, 1992.
Events that occurred on the 9th of October, 1992:
Songs that were on top of the music singles charts in the USA and the United Kingdom on the 9th of October, 1992:
What movie was on top of the box office?
Trending news stories and fads that were prevalent throughout this time period. These are news stories and events that would have been in the media on the 9th of October, 1992.
Early 1990s fashion saw a continuation of the 1980s. Popular outfits included clothes such as coloured tights, denim overalls, black leather jackets with shoulder pads, neon coloured tops, flannel shirts, plaid skirts and ripped jeans.
"Tears in Heaven" by Eric Clapton would go on to win a Grammy for 1992's Song of the Year.
Bill Clinton was named as the Time Person of the Year in 1992.
"Unforgiven" won the Academy Award for Best Picture in 1992.
Movies released in 1992 included Aladdin, The Bodyguard, Home Alone 2, Lethal Weapon 3, Batman Returns, A Few Good Men, Sister Act, Wayne's World, Alien 3, Bram Stoker's Dracula, White Men Can't Jump and The Mighty Ducks.
Popular music artists in 1992 included Kris Kross, Vanessa Williams, U2, Boyz II Men, Whitney Houston, Madonna, The Black Crowes and Sir Mix-a-Lot.
During this time, The Bosnian War was raging on in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
The run-up to the United States presidential election of 1992; with Democratic candidate Bill Clinton facing off against Republican candidate George H. W. Bush
Celebrities and historical figures that were born on the 9th of October:
Basic facts and information about this date:
Notable events that occurred around the 9th of October, 1992:
Zodiac & Birthstone information:
Weather information for the 9th of October, 1992:
Who was the US President on this particular date?
Interesting facts about conception dates.
Events that have occurred on the 9th of October:
TV shows that you might have been watching around this time.
Popular video games that you might have been playing around this time.
Enter your date of birth below to find out how old you were on the 9th of October, 1992.
Looking for some nostalgia? Here are some Youtube videos relating to the 9th of October, 1992. Please note that videos are automatically selected by Youtube and that results may vary! Click on the "Load Next Video" button to view the next video in the search playlist. In many cases, you'll find episodes of old TV shows, documentaries, music videos and soap dramas.
Here are some fun statistics about the 9th of October, 1992.
What does the 9th of October, 1992 mean to you? Were you born on this date? Did you finish school? Was this the date that you were married?
A list of random dates that you might be interested in:


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I recently "googled" the words "mayor," "commission," "task force," and "science" and was astounded at the extensive number of socially relevant topics that are being considered by local decision makers in every corner of the globe. In nearly every instance, a body of scientific experts conveys wise counsel to policy planners. Occasionally, such initiatives include "public forums," often composed of representatives of various special interests.
More than ever, though, our local leaders are recognizing that lasting and positive policies require not only scientific rigor and integrity, but also transparency and determined efforts to build and retain public trust—which begins with a fundamental public grasp of the science in the policies.
Science centers and museums strive to be valued learning environments and trusted platforms for engagement between citizens, scientists, and decision makers. From our perspective, we may feel a growing confidence that we are serving these needs in our local communities. Yet, this perspective may not be entirely recognized by key stakeholders and decision makers who are charged with representing the public's best interests on these critical issues.
Within the very communities that we serve, our local leaders are tackling wide-ranging, interrelated challenges—greener cities; sustainable energy and transport systems; land and water use; health and wellness in diverse populations; innovations for progress, security, and education; and more—all embracing key aspects of science and technology.
On these topics, we have an opportunity not just to inform, but to be enormously proactive in bringing local actors together around issues of science, commerce, culture, and public policy. We should envision science centers and museums as the brokers and the builders of alliances between policymakers and the publics that they serve.


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Suicide Girl of the Day: Jaune
Meet Jaune, a Colombian Suicide Girl who says she believes in love, but could never love.
Name: Jaune
Location: Colombia
Into: Dreaming, music, animals, tattoos, Hello Kitty, I have few friends, but the ones I have are enough, I believe in love but could never love
Hobbies: Listening to music, shopping with friends
Favorite bands:
- The Smiths
- The Sounds
- Metric
- Yeah Yeah Yeahs
- Garbage
- Bat for Lashes
- The XX
- Crystal Castles
- Incubus
- No Doubt
Favorite films:
- 'Amelie'
- 'A Clockwork Orange'
- 'Fight Club'
- 'Into the Wild'
- 'Edward Scissorhands'
- 'Charlie and the Chocolate Factory'
- 'Black Swan'
- 'Pulp Fiction'
- 'Gummo'
- 'Requiem For A Dream'
SuicideGirls is a community that celebrates alternative beauty and alternative culture from all over the world. Since 2001, tens of thousands of models have submitted millions of photos to their website hoping to become SuicideGirls.


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Daily Photos 2011
6th year of daily photos !! to find 'pura vida' ( pure life) in each day ! Feel free to comment, critique the photos. If you like a photo, hover on to the right side of the photo and give it a green thumb ! thank you ! See 2010 daily photos here See 2012 daily photos hereRead More
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Joseph E. Lee was one of the most influential African-American men in Florida during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. For over four decades, Lee worked as a public servant, acting at various times as a state legislator, a lawyer, federal customs collector, and educator.
Lee was born in Philadelphia in 1849, and graduated from Howard University with a law degree in 1873. He moved to Florida that same year and was admitted to the bar, making him the first African-American lawyer in Jacksonville, and one of the first in the state. He served in the Florida House of Representatives from 1875 to 1879, and in the State Senate from 1881 to 1882. In April 1888, Lee was elected Municipal Judge of Jacksonville, the first African-American to have this honor. Around this time he also served as the dean of the law department of Edward Waters College, an African-American institute of higher learning formed in 1866 to educate freed former slaves. Lee would remain a trustee of the college for over thirty years.
Joseph Lee also participated in state and local politics, serving as Chairman of the Duval County Republican Party and secretary of the party's statewide organization for nearly forty years. The Joseph E. Lee Papers housed at the State Archives of Florida (Collection M86-027) contain dozens of letters from around the state asking for Lee's counsel on matters regarding political strategy. The two letters below pertain to a particularly dramatic situation in 1916, in which the Democratic vote for the governorship of Florida was split between two candidates, Sidney J. Catts and William V. Knott. Republicans hoped that with the Democratic vote divided as it was during the primary, the Republican candidate, George W. Allen, would have a good chance of winning the general election. Republicans were almost never elected to statewide offices during this period, as their African-American supporters were generally restricted from voting, and white voters overwhelmingly supported the Democratic Party. In the first letter, John Edwards of DeLand asks Lee how he should advise the Republican voters of his county since their candidate, Allen, was reputed to be from the "lily-white" faction of the party that favored a conservative approach to African-American civil rights. In the second letter, Lee replies that despite Allen's positions in this regard, he would be voting the entire Republican ticket, Allen included, and he hoped the Republicans of DeLand would do the same.
Joseph E. Lee died March 25, 1920, but his leadership was remembered in a number of lasting tributes. Civil rights leaders James Weldon Johnson and A. Phillip Randolph both remembered Lee as having been a memorable influence on their lives, and to this day a Joseph E. Lee Republican Club still operates in Jacksonville.
Who are the leading lights from your community or county? Search Florida Memory to find photos and documents of other great Floridians like Joseph E. Lee.
Tags: African-Americans, DeLand, Duval County, Edward Waters College, Jacksonville, Joseph E. Lee, lawyers, politics, Republican Party, State Archives of Florida


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Call the 24-hour OIG Hotline at 800-368-1463 (Voice or TTY).
OIG investigates allegations of abuse or neglect in local programs that are licensed, certified, or funded by DHS to provide mental health or developmental disability services. Also investigates deaths that occur within these programs.
Local programs include small group homes, developmental training programs, mental health outpatient services, and sheltered or vocational workshops.
Please use the DHS Office Locator


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Pittsburgh, Steel City- a city built originally for the vast production of steel by the means of air blasting (this was introduced by the philanthropist Andrew Carnegie) is in a state of a criminal crisis. The current mayor had been recently murdered, leaving the city in an immediate Mayoral Election. The rate of crime has been escalating dramatically ever since. Could all this be connected?I have been wanting to do this for a while, and I finally decided to do it: create my own tale from my own universe. Basically, it is a modern form of superheroes whose powers seem more realistic. Of course, there is magic and alternate worlds, yada yada, but that is more of a spice to it. Anyway, allow me to introduce you to my heroes of a purely fictional Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
I must also note that any names of my characters and any real life characters are completely coincidental and unintentional.
As the election is going on, the current police commissioner Phillip Underhill has begun an investigation into the murder of the previous mayor, Raymond Bilko. Not much evidence was uncovered, and barely any witnesses were able to help out. The only thing of note was that the mayor had choked on a multitude of candy that was shoved down his throat. What could this mean?
The Heroes:
Zambo the Clown
Awakening in some form of a box, a man dressed like a clown began to struggle, attempting to force the box open. Eventually, his head was able to bash through the top and his face was exposed to the night. He then tried to make the hole larger by bashing at the spots he thought were close to the hole. With enough effort, he was able to make that hole large enough to escape his prison. This man soon realized that his memories were missing, and that he was standing in the Allegheny Cemetary in front of the coffin that he broke out of. He then checked himself thoroughly for anything specific, and found a wallet in a pocket underneath the costume he wore. Inspecting the wallet, he was able to see that any form of his identity was missing except for a clown license bearing the name "Zambo." Zambo, as he believed who he was, began to stumble through that cemetery that night, learning that he was no human, but an undead being! What was going on!?
Albert N. Tellect
Albert grew up with an interest in what was in space; however, his father wanted him to become a fighter for the money. Albert had no choice but to train in fighting. This ended when Albert's father died in a car accident and had to live with his divorced mother in Pittsburgh. Albert was finally able to attend college and become an Astronomer.
When Albert was studying the stars late that night about a mile out of Pittsburgh, he spotted a falling star heading straight toward where he was. The crash landing was massive, and Albert was able to escape any injury that could have happened. Out of curiosity, Albert examined this "fallen star" to realize it was some form of capsule for something. When Albert was able to open it, he found a strange metallic armor inside. The very armor seemed to lull Albert to enter it. When Albert entered the machine, he was able to quickly learn its functions and the suit learned his natural language. Albert was soon able to hide the armor in his mother's attic. Where did the suit come from? What secrets does it hold?
Chun Feng
Chun was raised in a monastery in China. She never had any parents, but she was raised by the monks, who taught her their philosophy of not using violence to solve problems, but was trained in martial arts as a means of self defense. When she came of age, Chun decided to leave the monastery to explore the world around her; thus, she left the monastery thankful and left for Hong Kong. Upon arrival, she had only enough money to take a trip over to America. She decided to go to Pittsburgh for some reason that she cannot explain. She arrived in the middle of the night, and tried to find a place to sleep before she began her search for a place to live and a job. Who are her parents and why did they drop her off at that monastery, she began to think.
Rupert Mayche
Rupert's childhood years were filled with intrigue due to the fact that his home was haunted. He interacted with the house's ghost, a young girl who was forcefully drowned by her drunk father. As the two interacted, the ghost girl eventually passed on happily, and Rupert was glad. Thus, he decided to become a paranormal investigator. With many years of study and interaction with ghosts, Rupert finally became a paranormal investigator of Pittsburgh.
Things changed for him one night as he was approached by an elderly man with an impressively long white beard. The old man offered Rupert the arts of Runic Magic to assist him if he were to go up against dangerous ghosts. Curious, Rupert accepted and learned this "Runic Magic" within a year under that very same old man. When that year was over, Rupert learned that this old man had vanished. Rupert began to investigate this "Runic Magic" and learned of it's Nordic origin. It began with Odin, the chief god of Asgard. Odin had learned this very Runic Magic when he hung himself for some days. Why did Odin, the chief god of Asgard, teach Rupert the Runic Magic?
Alice Frost
Alice grew up not having anything standing out for her until she graduated college with a degree in Chemistry. Alice was always fascinated with Chemistry, especially when dealing with a substance's Freezing Point. However, things changed when she was kidnapped by a local drug dealer wanting to freeze crystal meth for transportation for his deals. Alice wanted her freedom, but this drug dealer had her chained to a support beam in the basement. It was then Alice did the first thing that came to her mind: freeze the whole building. She was able to with the chemicals she was given and accidentally froze herself in the process. When that dealer came to see the progress, he saw the frozen basement and Alice's frozen body. Before he could approach Alice, she was able to move and froze him in place. She was able to escape that night. Who was that drug dealer, and why did he want frozen crystal methaphetamines?


text: Issue #4934 has been updated by Greg Hazel. Also set on win32 in ruby for socketpair here: http://svn.ruby-lang.org/cgi-bin/viewvc.cgi/trunk/win32/win32.c?view=markup&pathrev=27529#l3365 ---------------------------------------- Bug #4934: winsock listen backlog may only be set once, and is set to 5 http://redmine.ruby-lang.org/issues/4934 Author: Greg Hazel Status: Open Priority: Normal Assignee: Category: Target version: ruby -v: ruby 1.9.3dev (2011-06-17 trunk 32136) [i386-mingw32] This is commonly observed as a bug in Windows servers, where under light load clients begin to get ECONNREFUSED. This occurs even if the listen backlog is set to a high value, like 1024. The bug is that Ruby sets the value to 5 on creation of a TCPServer socket, and it is not valid in Winsock to set the listen backlog size a second time. From: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms739168(v=vs.85).aspx "If the listen function is called on an already listening socket, it will return success without changing the value for the backlog parameter." Here's where ruby sets it: http://svn.ruby-lang.org/cgi-bin/viewvc.cgi/trunk/ext/socket/ipsocket.c?view=markup&pathrev=27529#l107 So one of two things needs to happen. Either: - on WIN32 Ruby should avoid setting the listen backlog by default, which would allow the user to choose the value but could conceivably break applications where were being lazy and not setting it at all - on WIN32 and maybe all platforms, Ruby should set the default listen backlog to SOMAXCONN (or something large) instead of 5. This will not break any existing code today, as an overly high listen backlog is not really a problem. Other default listen backlog values of servers: Mongrel tries to use 1024 (but silently fails on Windows because of this bug): https://github.com/mongrel/mongrel/blob/74290abc9ebd287542b2dcc0133fa41d33e5177b/lib/mongrel/tcphack.rb#L13 Unicorn uses 1024: https://github.com/defunkt/unicorn/blob/b3b6b0dff19f8a22a96525bba22bf061d03c3fc5/lib/unicorn/socket_helper.rb#L27 Tornado uses 128: https://github.com/facebook/tornado/blob/9d1af05323f9a7941e2336ce50972de65e18bcdd/tornado/httpserver.py#L214 EventMachine uses 100: https://github.com/eventmachine/eventmachine/blob/master/ext/em.cpp#L1539 Twisted uses 50: http://twistedmatrix.com/trac/browser/tags/releases/twisted-11.0.0/twisted/internet/tcp.py#L828 -- http://redmine.ruby-lang.org


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Open jams let musicians stretch out
The creative spirit requires fellowship. That's especially the case with musicians, whose craft is so community-based and whose talents are married and enhanced by artistic camaraderie. Hence the special magic of a musical jam session.
Local musician Michael Hecker feels that jam sessions and open mic nights are an essential component of his artistic life.
"It's a good way to learn how to improvise," he told OnMilwaukee.com. "You have to work with the idiosyncrasies of what everybody is doing – and quickly. Not everyone plays the same. People you're used to playing with are going to play a song differently than someone you've never played with before."
It's also a perfect setting in which to meet fellow musicians and future collaborators – or even friends.
"It's just really a good outlet to meet people," Hecker said. "You know, I had heard of Alex Wilson, but I got to hang out and meet the guy (at the Monday night open mic session at Up and Under Pub). I didn't know him before, but now I do. It's a good place if you're looking to start a band, to find a community of players who can really play. Because you don't usually find them at the grocery store."
Hecker usually attends several jam sessions a week. He shared his three favorite open mic nights with OnMilwaukee.com.
"Sometimes I'm just itching to play," he said. "I think every musician kind of gets that at times where you just want to go out and if you don't have a gig to play, it's good to have a jam session."
Brocach Irish Pub and Restaurant
1850 N. Water St., (414) 931-9009
Every Tuesday night the craic (entertainment and community) is alive and well at Brocach on Water Street. Though the website describes the session (run by Mark Meaney) as "traditional Irish music," Hecker says all musical styles are welcome, though it is more acoustic-based. "People bring out the guitar, banjo, fiddle, percussion, stuff like that," he said. "We've probably had as few as five or six people there, or we've had as much as 30. People just jam out."
Musicians sit in a circle and, moving clockwise, everyone has a chance to play. "It's a very cool, laid-back session," said Hecker. "It's probably the friendliest session. For people who are a little bit timid, it's a good place to go. Everybody's nice; they all play well with others."
Newport Shores
407 E. Jackson St., Port Washington, (262) 284-6838
Port Washington's favorite fish shanty/bar/brunch spot (it's a versatile place) comes alive on Thursday nights when area musicians are welcome to stop by and strut their stuff. Hecker and his friends, including organizer Will Pfrang, can usually be found at the front of the house, jamming in front of the windows that overlook Lake Michigan. The crowd is friendly and the atmosphere is fairly laid-back. Musicians are welcome to sign up to play alone or accompany others. This is a good one for the under-21 crowd, as Newport Shores is as much of a restaurant as it is a bar.
The Up and Under Pub
1216 E. Brady St., (414) 276-2677
Monday's Open Mic Night at the Up and Under Pub is consistently ranked one of the best in the city. Hecker describes it as "more of a blues/rock jam. Probably the best jam that I've been to. The musicians there are just extremely awesome." Misha Siegfried and the Up and Under house band are known as one of the tightest acts in town, and they're willing to back any musician who shows up for a 15-minute slot.
"The house band is blues, but you can play any kind of music you want," said bartender Tim "Timber" Beuge. "If you're a drummer, bring drumsticks. Keyboardists, we've got keys – use the house band if you want, or get up there by yourself or with your own band. It's pretty much just a way to get all musicians together and just kind of jam out."
Other open mic nights
Check out the OnMilwaukee.com events calendar for more information – there's usually a great listing of local jam sessions there.
One local favorite is the twice-monthly open mic night at Fire On Water, 518 N. Water St. – typically the first and last Thursdays of each month, hosted by the effervescent Augie Barnhardt. Organizer Geoff Felsher says that there are usually 10-20 musicians who play "typically two to three songs, but if someone wants to keep going that's fine," he said. "It's laid-back. We end usually around midnight. It's a mix of music, but predominantly blues/rock." The best part? No cover charge.
It can be hard for younger musicians to find a jam session, since most are held at bars where minors aren't allowed. Young jazz lovers are welcome at the Helen Bader Recital Hall, 1583 N. Prospect Ave., for monthly jam sessions hosted by the Wisconsin Conservatory of Music.
Usually held the second Saturday of each month, sign-up begins at 6:30 p.m. and the sessions are open to high school and adult musicians of any experience level. Drums, piano, vibes, bass amps guitar amps and vocal P.A. are all provided.
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Bots are complicated. They're made to process repetitive actions autonomously and can be fairly easy to build, but they aren't always working on the side of good. Here's what you need to know.
Each year, EContent magazine compiles a list of the 100 companies that matter most in the digital content industry.
Voting is now closed. We'll announce the results of the first-ever EContent 100 list chosen by the people!
Theresa Cramer
Dec 06, 2012
Big Data. Pinterest. Ebooks. Mobile. HTML 5. Open source. The Facebook IPO. Content marketing. I could go on and on, but these are just a few of the terms that started floating through my head when I began thinking about writing my end-of-the-year column.
It's hard trying to sum up what's been a big-no- huge year in the digital content world. Depending on your job title, you might think 2012 was the year of Big Data, or the year ebooks finally went mainstream, or the year social media went from being a fun way to kill some time to an essential business tool (but a risky addition to your stock portfolio). And any of those conclusions would be right.
It's funny that an industry that spends so much time wondering where its next proverbial paycheck is coming from is also experiencing so much growth. Every time you turn around there's a new social network, a new must-have app, or an (erotic) ebook that's burning up the charts-and yet, we continue to worry about the future of the digital content business.
So why, with such rapid growth, is the industry still struggling to make ends meet?
It's no surprise to anyone when I say that monetization models haven't kept up with the technology. While programmers and engineers keep pouring out of universities ready to invent the next Facebook-or maybe having already done so-the students coming out of M.B.A. programs, apparently, aren't quite so innovative.
Let's face it: Content commerce is boring. It's more fun to build an app than it is to figure out how to build a sustainable business model-or worse, rework an existing business model to fit the demands of a digital economy. In fact, one of the biggest stories of the year-which still isn't finished playing out-has been, essentially, a fight over pricing models.
The Justice Department's lawsuit against Apple and five publishers alleges that the companies conspired to keep ebook prices high through the use of agency pricing. Agency pricing is nothing new; in fact, it's embarrassingly old school. It's no great shock that book publishers are still clinging to relics of the print past to get digital customers to pay top dollar. In fact, they seem to have the dubious honor of being the media industry that is least willing to change. Television networks have embraced alternate distribution channels-think Hulu and HBO GO-and iTunes has all but taken over the music business. And with the success of the Kindle and other e-readers, you might be tempted to think the book industry has found the digital champion it needs, but a certain DOJ lawsuit would prove you wrong. (It was Amazon, after all, that the agency pricing was designed to thwart.)
Meanwhile, newspapers and magazines are finally starting to find their way to digital success. Early in 2012, The New York Times Co. reported that subscription numbers were up after instituting paywalls across many of its properties-though revenues were down initially. Then in October Newsweek announced that it would be giving up the print ghost entirely, and going digital-only in 2013-relying largely on subscription revenues from its mobile and web products. We all know by now that the big problem for many publishing organizations is the burden of legacy costs. Big office spaces. Big editorial teams. These are costs that don't burden startups. But this won't work as an excuse for much longer.
If a publication such as Newsweek--with 80 years' worth of fine journalistic tradition--can make the difficult decision to go all-digital, then there's no doubt that other publishers will have to do the same soon or risk becoming irrelevant--even if it means trimming staff numbers. No one hates to see journalists and editors tossed out on the streets more than I do, but the truth is, there are new opportunities abounding for these publishing industry castoffs. New online-only publications are starting everyday-and old-school publishing execs are often behind these new initiatives. Take Open Road Integrated Media, Inc., for example. It describes itself as "a digital publisher and multimedia content company," and behind this company are the co-founders Jane Friedman (former president and CEO of HaperCollins Publishers Worldwide) and Jeffrey Sharp (a former Hollywood producer).
In the short term, traditional publishing professionals may still be sailing dire straits. But if they can see their way through to the other side, the digital shores hold untold opportunities.


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Why Do You Need Payment Gateway Solutions for Your Forex Business
Forex is a marketplace that operates globally and all international and strong currencies are traded here. Forex is a word created by connecting two words that are Foreign and Exchange. The FOR is taken from foreign while EX is taken from exchange and hence the whole name is made as Forex. So, as the name denotes forex is a market that gives place for foreign currencies to exchange. This market decides international trade rates for each cash. It incorporates all parts of purchasing, selling, and trading monetary forms at present or decided costs.
How Do Foreign Markets Operate?
Foreign markets are based on trading. In these markets, different financial institutions like banks operate. Many big industries also work in this marketplace. All of them are called as determinants of the market. These determinants trade between each otherfor currencies. You need to understand that currency doesn�t only mean paper notes but various sorts of precious metals like iron, nickel, gold, and silver. Along with this, oil, coal, and gas are also traded. Now, these things are traded by price in foreign currency and bids in foreign currencies as well. When the price of something goes up the people who have traded for money will get enough amount. Currency rate determines if the trade would be profiting or a total loss.
What is Payment Gateway?
Payment gateway is a merchant service of payment used to put money in the trades. This method is specifically designed for electronic businesses. In electronic or online businesses, as sender of the money and receiver doesn�t meet face to face. Therefore a medium for payment is used. You can make payments by using online application of the payment service provider. There are many types of mediums you can use to make payments such as credit cards, debit cards, and QR Scanning, etc. Providers of payment gateway services are called merchants. Some most famous payment gateway merchants that are accepted internationally are Visa Card, PayPal, MasterCard, Netteller, WeChat Pay, and Skrill.
Why Do You Need Payment Gateway Solutions for Your Forex Business?
Well, there are numbers of benefits attached to using payment gateway such as:
1. Fastest payment processing:
Forex markets work within seconds and payments need to make within swish of a wand. Without owning a payment gateway service or account, you need to make requests to banks to make payments on your behalf. Banks take too much time in approving your payments. Sometimes, these payments are not approved at all because of forex being a �high-risk market�. However, during this whole process, the time of the trade get passed and you remain as idle as you were.
On the other hand, when you use payment gateways to make payments, the transactions are made within neon seconds. It doesn�t let you lose even a single trade of yours due to late payment and bring you profits within seconds too.
2. Multiple Payment Methods:
The second thing that becomes reason of favor in owning a payment gateway is that it allows you to make transactions via multiple methods. It means, no matter where you are and what services are available in the region, you can do your forex trading just like homes. You are able to use bank wires, electronic checks, or vouchers in order to make forex transactions.
In the absence of these multiple payment method services, you may not be able to keep up with the cash because payment services are limited. However, with payment gateway, you are never out of cash. Moreover, you cannot only make forex transactions but receive money and make forex merchant account payments for rest of your online business where normal payment methods are not supported.
3. Make Payments in Multiple Currencies:
You don�t need to run around financial institutions and money exchange service offices in order to perform currency exchanges when you have payment gateway. Payment gateway service allows you to make payments and process transactions in a number of currencies. Due to this, you will be able to make international and national transactions easily by using payment gateways.
It saves your time and effort and also allows you to save amount of money that foreign exchangers charge you for currency exchange. It is all in all a win-win situation for your business as it is saving your time, money, and effort.
4. Secure Transactions:
Online business is full of scams and we find a number of issues every day while making online transactions. These issues are faced especially by business owners who work in risky markets like forex or selling CBD. What happens during transactions is that, money senders use fake cards or checks to make payments.
However, payment gateways are attached to secure and excellently dynamic service institutions. They are able to detect fake checks and fake card payments within seconds. They prevent such online scams to happen. Therefore, you are always secure when you are using a right payment gateway. They have got tools and skills to save you from these scams and problems.
5. Control Your Transactions:
Payment gateways are made to do electronic and online transactions, therefore, they offer you on-the-go solutions to make transactions and control the whole transaction process. You can have apps related to your payment gateway in your phone and computers. By using internet, you can keep an eye on all the details of your transactions such as available balance, money received, or payment paid, etc.
In short, payment gateway offers you complete control of your transactions. It is your perfect partner for business and trading.
Well, from all the above-mentioned discussion, we can get a complete idea regarding what is payment gateway and why it should be used for forex business. We have discussed a number of benefits that a businessperson can enjoy by having proper payment gateway service. Lastly, remember that payment gateway is not a medium but a service that�s provided by various financial institutions, working on private or governmentalbasis.


text: On Wednesday, May 2, B.o.B will be at the Adidas Store in the Lenox Square Mall in Atlanta, GA from 6-8pm. Starting tomorrow (5/1), the first 250 people to go to the store and spend $100 will get B.o.B's new album and a wristband that allows access to the event. Get in there! ATL represent!!!


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- is the manufacturer to BOTH of these product lines. The reason we bring this to you attention is very simple…...Our product line is Clear Re-sult. Some of our local Competitors product line is ProTeam. We offer similar if not in many cases identical products such as Algaecides, Sanitizers, Shocking Agents, and Enhancers at a 25-40% lower cost than our competitors.
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Authors: Noreen Warren and Lisa A. Seidman, Ph.D.
E-Mail: firstname.lastname@example.com
Address: Madison College
1701 Wright St. Madison, WI 53704
Revised November 8, 2012
This page explains how to use the internet to obtain the current Good Manufacturing Practices (cGMP) regulations. It describes how the regulations are organized and how they can be searched and retrieved.
The Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) is a codification of the general and permanent rules of the federal government [1]. The CFR contains the complete and official text of the regulations that are enforced by federal agencies.
The CFR is organized as follows:
- The CFR is divided into 50 titles that represent broad areas subject to Federal regulations.
- Each title is divided into chapters that are assigned to various agencies issuing regulations pertaining to that broad subject area.
- Each chapter is divided into parts covering specific regulatory areas.
- Large parts may be subdivided into subparts.
- Each part or subpart is then divided into sections -- the basic unit of the CFR.
- Sometimes sections are subdivided further into paragraphs or subsections. Citations pertaining to specific information in the CFR will usually be provided at the section level.
An example of a typical CFR citation is 21 CFR 211.67(a). Here is what this citation actually means:
- The number 21 is the CFR title [2]. The broad subject area is Food and Drugs.[3]
- The number 211 is the part. Part 211 is entitled "Current Good Manufacturing Practice for Finished Pharmaceuticals".
- The number .67 refers to a particular section. This section is about Equipment Cleaning and Maintenance.
- The (a) is the first paragraph or subsection within the section.
There are several ways to access the portions of the CFR relating to the manufacture of pharmaceuticals using the web [4]:
- The FDA web site includes the CFR dealing with cGMP https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfCFR/CFRSearch.cfm.
- The FDA website https://www.fda.gov/industry includes along with the federal regulations, notes, proposed changes in the regulations and other pertinent information concerning cGMP.
- You can find any part of the Code of Federal Regulations at http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/browse/collectionCfr.action?collectionCode=CFR
- A good site for information about FDA regulations is a commercial site hosted by The GMP Institute. This site includes the following useful items:
- You can purchase inexpensive booklets from the GMP Institute that contain the text of the GMP regulations.
- You can also go to their web site to link to the cGMP regulation 21 CFR Parts 210 and 211 for the drug industry.
- They also have links to the regulations for the medical device industry (21 CFR Part 820), the food industry (21 CFR Part 110) and the blood products industry (21 CFR Part 606).
- This site also has an inclusive list of from the FDA.
- The as published in the September 29, 1978 issue of the Federal Register, can also be found on their web site. The Preamble is an interesting document that contains comments from the public relating to the GMP regulations and the official response to those comments.
1 This explanation is based largely on information from the National Archives web site, https://www.archives.gov/federal-register/cfr. This government web site explains what the Federal Register is and provides access to government documents.
2 Each of the titles of the CFR is assigned to a specific agency. The Government agencies that have regulatory control can be determined by the relevant CFR Titles, Subchapters or Chapters.
3 Title 21 contains three Chapters that relate to Food and Drugs. Often the Chapter and Subchapter are not cited, but the citation in the example here is found under Chapter 1. The agency that is responsible for compliance with Chapter 1 is The Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The other Chapters are controlled by other federal agencies. Chapter 1 has seven subchapters and 1299 Parts. Subchapter C covers regulations for General Drugs. Other Subchapters within this Chapter cover regulations for Food, Food additives, and other products regulated by FDA.
4 Federal regulations are first published in the Federal Register (FR) by the executive departments and agencies of the Federal Government. The Federal Register is a legal newspaper published every business day by the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). It contains Federal agency regulations; proposed rules and notices; and Executive orders, proclamations and other Presidential documents. The Federal Register informs citizens of their rights and obligations and provides access to a wide range of Federal benefits and opportunities for funding. The CFR is kept up-to-date by the daily Federal Register. For the most up-to-date information, these two publications must be used together to determine the latest version of any given rule. When a Federal agency publishes a regulation in the Federal Register, that regulation usually is an amendment to the existing CFR in the form of a change, an addition, or a removal.


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Toyota built a 2010 4Runner for last month's Baja 1000. The truck finished second in the Stock Mini class, and the Big T brought it to L.A. still covered in Mexican dirt. Amen.
Be honest: If you could afford it, you'd go desert racing too, right? Tear hell-for-leather across miles and miles of Mexican sand and gravel, hanging it out 'til the vacas come home? I would. Heck, if you wanted to go blast through the desert on SCORE's watch, I'd pay just to be allowed to help. Is that crazy? Tell me it's not crazy. Maybe it's crazy. Maybe I like rallying too much. Is that even possible?
Oh, right, the Toyota. (Sorry, got distracted.) Old Man Emu springs in back, Eibach coil-overs in front, Bilstein dampers at all four corners. Roll cage, transmission and power steering coolers, GPS, grab handles, blah blah blah — everything you'd expect is there. It's a race truck. It looks (and likely acts) like a race truck. This is not news.
To be honest, none of the details are important. The dirt, however, is. It means something. It's emotion; it's proof; it's real. It made me stop in my tracks and stare for ten minutes. I can't remember the last time I did that with a Toyota product. Hell, I can't even remember the last time I did that at an auto show, and I've been going to auto shows for a long, long time.
Thank you, Big T, for the dirt. Keep it up. And if you need some free labor, well, you know who to call.


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Believe it or not, nobody knows for sure the true height of the world's tallest peak, Mount Everest.
It was generally thought to be 29,028 feet high after it was measured by an Indian survey in 1954. But China says the world's highest mountain (which it calls Zhūmùlǎngmǎ Fēng) is only 29,015 feet -- China's view excludes the snowcap from its calculations.
NEWS: 'Super Sherpa' Completes 21st Trip
Meanwhile, the U.S. National Geographic Society officially says Mount Everest stands at 29,035 feet following a U.S. team's 1999 survey using GPS technology.
Now the Himalayan state of Nepal, who's border with China straddles the peak, is appealing for international help to finally get the true height. Nepal's state-run Survey Department told the news agency AFP it was seeking to obtain grants and expertise from international donors, as well as the global scientific community.
"This is part of the ongoing three-year Nepal government project to settle the mountain's height. But we have neither the scientific expertise nor the resources to carry out such tasks," director-general Krishna Raj BC said.
WATCH VIDEO: Mt. Rainier Faces Grim Future Due to Climate Change
The height is important for the countries involved as the border between Nepal and China straddles the actual summit.
Mount Everest, since its discovery by Western explorers, has attracted numerous people to try and climb it, map it -- and measure its true height.
BRIEF: Nepal to Measure Everest
Until a British survey of the Indian subcontinent in 1852, it was thought the tallest mountains in the world were in the South American Andes. But in an amazing feat of audacity and mathematics, the surveyors managed to establish the height of Mountain Everest (or Peak XV as it was called at the time) at 29,002 feet, just 26 feet off the current height.
The Great Trigonometric Survey of British India involved a "theodolite," a mathematical measuring device that was the size of a small horse.
When you consider that the government of Nepal didn't allow the British survey team into the country and were forced to view and measure the mountain from over 100 miles away, their achievement becomes even more astounding.
Wondering where the English name for Mount Everest comes from? The person who began the 50-year survey of the Indian Subcontinent was Sir George Everest.
The plan today to finally get the correct height of Mount Everest will be very different, but perhaps as difficult. It will involve Nepalese sherpas carrying Global Positioning System equipment into the treacherous mountains to get a fix on the summit.
Stations will be set up at three different locations, and using the GPS gear should measure the peak within two years.
It won't settle the dispute between the Nepalese and the Chinese, however, unless they agree to include the snowcap on top -- but at least the wider world will know the mountain's true height.
One ineluctable factor merits consideration in these precise calculations: The Indian subcontinent tectonic plate is still smashing into the Himalayan plate, a process that has been going on for millions of years. That's what created Mount Everest in the first place.
Perhaps within a thousand years, it might be worth measuring the peak again.
More From FoxNews.com/SciTech
Battle Mug holds beer, coffee -- with laser sights and night-scopes
Nature's 'icy finger of death' caught on tape for first time
Finder of 'Lost Tomb of Jesus' details ancient evidence of Jonah
© 2012 Discovery Channel


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Harnessing the Power of Engagement to Drive Innovation
The negative impact of the global economy has created barriers that prevent organizations and individuals from realizing their maximum potential. Today's business leaders are required to do more with less, a lot less. Reducing costs and increasing productivity take top priority during these difficult times. Innovative thought leaders are optimizing all business assets to remain competitive.
The most important asset to any organization is the people. These people include employees, partners, and customers. Organizations that survive the current transition phase and thrive in the future are the ones that harness the power of engagement. Continue reading Humanize the Enterprise for Innovation


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Negotino, Macedonia
Bio: So, what was the back road for me, became the highway in my life. It's an adventure experience and temptation, giving me stories to tell, and I count as my true riches and success. For as long as I can remember I've been wondering about the measure for true success and i hope to achieve it some day. So, I don't need a retirement because I can and will be doing this for the rest of my life.


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