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[[United States |United States]]
[[United States History]]
[[A Nation 1789-1859
== Follow your ancestor as they lived the "New Nation's" history ==
== Follow your ancestor as they lived the "New Nation's" history ==
Latest revision as of 15:23, 21 January 2020
Follow your ancestor as they lived the "New Nation's" history[edit | edit source]
It all started with Thirteen Colonies [1] uniting in their quest for freedom from British Rule. The Revolutionary War was fought, the Declaration of Independence signed and the official separation from Great Britain was acknowledged with the signing of the Treaty of Paris in 1783. This established American control over the territory between the Appalachians Mountains and the Mississippi River. Then a great expansion began. Veterans of the Revolutionary War pursued land in the Ohio Country. Northwest Territory provided land west of the Ohio River. The Louisiana Purchase was completed in 1803 opening the land to the Rocky Mountains and the new country grew. Zanes Trace, The National Road, Oregon Trail, Conestoga wagons, and handcarts all helped with the expansion. Many more territories were opened, roads were made and modes of transportation employed to move people into the frontier. States began getting admitted to the Union as battles were won, treaties were signed and more area was claimed. With the fervor of Manifest Destiny, a movement to the west ensued.[2]
Timeline[edit | edit source]
- 1789: Samuel Osgood, first Postmaster General under Constitution. John Adams is sworn in as the 1st Vice President of the United States. George Washington is sworn in as the 1st President of the United States. The United States Army is established. North Carolina is the 12th state admitted to the Union. North Carolina troops suffered the greatest losses of all the states during the Civil War while fighting for the Confederacy, re-entered the Union after the fighting ceased.
- 1790: The United States Coast Guard is established. Rhode Island is the 13th state admitted to the Union. Congress adopts uniform rules so that any free white person could apply for citizenship after two years of residency. Samuel Slater ("Father of the American Industrial Revolution") [3]opens the first textile factory in Pawtucket, Rhode Island. At first he employed children ages 7 to 12 then eventually incorporated whole families and complete communities in his work force.
- 1791: Vermont is the 14th state admitted to the Union. Vermont became the first state added to the Union following the 13 colonies on March 1, 1791. Until statehood, had been a region claimed by both New York and New Hampshire.
- 1792: The United States Military Draft is established (Second Militia Act of 1792). Every "free able-bodied white male citizen" between the ages of 18 and 45 were conscripted into a local militia companies to be overseen by the state. Kentucky is the 15th state admitted to the Union. Kentucky became the first state to be carved from the great western wilderness on June 1, 1792. Never a territory, it was part of Virginia until statehood. George Washington was re-elected president of the United States; John Adams was re-elected Vice President. A Yellow fever epidemic occurred. [4]Thought to be brought into the ports of the United states from the West Indies, this was one of the most dreaded diseases at that time. Many died unattended in homes while those with financial means fled the cities. Philadelphia was particularly hard hit.
- 1793: February 12; Fugitive Slave Act passed; this had a devastating effect on the lives of twenty percent of the American population that was of African descent, giving rise to the Underground Railroad. [5][6]March 4; George Washington is sworn in as President for a 2nd term with John Adams as Vice President. Eli Whitney invents the cotton gin.
- 1794: John Adams was elected to be the second President of the United States. The United States Navy is established with authorization for six vessels.
- 1796: Tennessee, formerly part of North Carolina, is the 16th state admitted to the Union. On June 8, 1861, it joined the Confederacy and became a major battleground for the Civil War, re-entering the Union after war's end. Electors chose John Adams to be the second president of the United States.
- 1797: John Adams is sworn in as the 2nd President of the United States with Thomas Jefferson as the Vice President. The United States Marine Corps is established.
- 1800: The Indiana Territory is organized as is The Ohio Territory. Washington, D.C. becomes the official capital of the United States. The District of Columbia does not have statehood.
- 1801: Thomas Jefferson is sworn in as the 3rd President of the United States with Aaron Burr as the Vice President.
- 1802: Children of naturalized citizens were considered to be citizens as per Act of 1795.
- 1802: Congress passed the Trade and Intercourse Act, this act directed the army to serve as a "police force" separating Indian and white communities in the expanding regions.
- 1803: Ohio is the 17th state admitted to the Union. Ohio became the first state west of the Alleghenies on March 1, 1803 and was part of the Northwest Territory until statehood. The United States purchases the Louisiana Territory for $15 million, containing what is now Arkansas, part of Colorado, Iowa, Louisiana, part of Minnesota, Missouri, part of Montana, part of North Dakota, part of Oklahoma, South Dakota, and part of Wyoming.[7]The War between France and England interrupted trade and emigration from Europe. The British Passenger Vessels Act limited the numbers of Irish emigrant ships.
- 1804: Louis and Clark begin their expedition of the Louisiana Territory.
- 1805: The Michigan Territory is organized. Thomas Jefferson is sworn in as President for a 2nd term with George Clinton as Vice President. Lewis and Clark reach the Pacific Ocean.
- 1806: Lewis and Clark return from exploring the Louisiana Territory. Robert Fulton and Robert R. Livingston together built the first commercial steamboat, the North River Steamboat (later known as the Clermont), which carried passengers between New York City and Albany, New York. [8]
- 1808: U.S. slave trade with Africa ends, From 1803 to 1808, between 75,000 and 100,000 Africans entered the United States. [9]
- 1809: The Illinois Territory is organized. James Madison is sworn in as the 4th President of the United States with George Clinton is sworn in as Vice President.
- 1810: The United States annexes what is now part of Alabama, part of Louisiana, and part of Mississippi.
- 1811: The National Road or Cumberland Road was one of the first major improved highways in the United States, built by the federal government. Construction began in at Cumberland, Maryland, on the Potomac River. [10]
- 1812: Louisiana is the 18th state admitted to the Union. With certain boundary changes, had been the Territory of Orleans. It joined the Confederacy on January 26; 1861 and re-entered the Union after the Civil War. The Mississippi Territory is organized as is the Missouri Territory. The United States declares war on Britain. For more information about the War of 1812 and its battles see the War of 1812 Page along with individual State Military Pages.
- 1813: James Madison is sworn in as President for a 2nd term with Elbridge Gerry as the Vice President.
- 1814: The British set fire to Washington, D.C. The "Star-Spangled Banner" [11]becomes the official national Anthem. The United States and Britain sign the Treaty of Ghent, ending the War of 1812.
- 1815: January 8; American forces win the Battle of New Orleans (they didn't know the war is over). After The Napoleonic Wars ended the a string of European immigrants dramatically increased.
- 1816: December 11; Indiana is the 19th state admitted to the Union. There was a residue of Indiana Territory that continued to exist under that name until Dec. 3, 1818, when it was attached to Michigan Territory.
- 1817: March 3; The Alabama Territory is organized. James Monroe is sworn in as the 5th President of the United States with Elbridge Gerry as Vice President. Mississippi is the 20th state admitted to the Union. Mississippi was formally a territory by Act of April 7, 1798, effective May 7, 1798.
- 1818: Liverpool becomes the most-used port of departure for Irish and British immigrants coming to the United States. The Jackson Purchase Illinois is the 21st state admitted to the Union. The privately owned Black Ball Line Packet sailed regularly between New York and Liverpool, England.
- 1819: The United States annexes Florida. The Panic of 1819 caused desperate people to live in Tent Cities. The Arkansas Territory is organized. Alabama is the 22nd state admitted to the Union. In January 1861, Alabama seceded from the Union, and on February 4, delegates from six states met at Montgomery and formed the Confederate States of America, with Montgomery as the capital. After the Civil War, Alabama re-entered the Union. Passenger lists are kept for Steamboat travel. [12]
- 1820: The U.S. population is about 9.6 million. About 151,000 new immigrants arrive in 1820 alone. Maine is the 23rd state admitted to the Union. Its admission to the Union balanced the simultaneous admission of Missouri as a slave state. What is now the state of Maine was, before statehood, called the District of Maine and belonged to Massachusetts. The Missouri Compromise was an agreement between the pro-slavery and anti-slavery factions passed in the United States Congress concerning Western Territories.
- 1821: James Monroe is sworn in as President for a 2nd term with Daniel Tompkins as Vice President. Missouri is the 24th state admitted to the Union. Missouri was admitted as a slave state on August 10, 1821, after an agreement known as the Missouri Compromise in which Maine was admitted as a free state. The state was much smaller than the territory. The area to the west and northwest of the state, which had been in the territory, was commonly known as the "Missouri Country" until May 30, 1854, and certain of the post offices in this area show a Missouri abbreviation in the postmark.
- 1825: John Quincy Adams is sworn in as the 6th President of the United States with John Calhoun as Vice President. The Erie Canal is finished providing transportation for travelers and cargo.
- 1829: Andrew Jackson is sworn in as the 7th President of the United States with John Calhoun as Vice President.
- 1830: Polish revolution spurred refuge to the U.S.; Congress allotted thirty-six sections of public land in Illinois to Polish refugees. [13]
- 1833: Andrew Jackson is sworn in as President for a 2nd term with Martin van Buren as Vice President.
- 1834:The Indian Territory is established in what is now Oklahoma.
- 1836:The Wisconsin Territory is organized. Arkansas is the 25th state admitted to the Union despite opposition in Congress to a new slave state. Arkansas Governor Henry M. Rector seized Fort Smith and Arkansas joined the Confederacy in 1861 re-entering the Union at War's end. The territory of Arkansas was larger than the state. After statehood the leftover area to the west had post offices that continued for some years to use an Arkansas abbreviation in the postmarks, although they were really in the "Indian Country."
- 1837: Martin van Buren is sworn in as the 8th President of the United States with Richard Johnson as Vice President. Michigan is the 26th state admitted to the Union. The Magnetic telegraph was invented by Samuel Morse.
- 1839: Beginning in 1839, U.S. law created a series of statutes that gradually expanded the rights of married women to act as independent agents in legal contexts.
- 1841: William Harrison is sworn in as the 9th President of the United States with John Tyler as Vice President. John Tyler is sworn in as the 10th President of the United States.
- 1844: The United States annexes what are now parts of Colorado, New Mexico, Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas as a result of the Adams-Onis Treaty with Spain.
- 1845: The term Manifest Destiny was a phrase coined by American newspaper editor John O'Sullivan. O'sullivan was writing about the proposed annexation of Texas and stated that it was America's "manifest destiny to overspread the continent." The idea suggested that through expansion from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific, the United States could become a recognized political and social superpower. America had, in fact, O'Sullivan argued, been uniquely chosen for the task of expanding Westward, driving out the wilderness and establishing civilization. [14] Florida is the 27th state admitted to the Union, and a move delayed by the reluctance of Congress to admit another slave state, and it joined the Confederacy on January 10, 1861, re-entering the Union at war's end. James Polk is sworn in as the 11th President of the United States with George Dallas as Vice President. Texas was an independent republic before statehood and was the 28th state admitted to the Union.
- 1846: Brigham Young, president of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saint's governing body, begins the largest, most successful mass exodus in American History. The Mexican War begins with the Battle of Palo Alto. For more information about the The Mexican War and its battles see the The Mexican War Page along with individual State Military Pages. Irish of all classes emigrate to the United States as a result of the potato famine. [15] Many Irish came to the United States by way of Canada. The United States declares war on Mexico. The United States annexes what is now Arizona and New Mexico. Iowa is the 29th state admitted to the Union becoming the first free state in the old Louisiana Territory.
- 1846-1847: Crop failures in Europe. Mortgage foreclosures send tens of thousands of the dispossessed go to the United States.
- 1848: The California gold rush results in Chinese and Latin American immigrants coming to the west coast. The China Emigration and Immigration page explains in more detail the impact the Chinese had with this part of the Nation's growth. Mexico and the United States sign the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, ending the Mexican-American War. The United States gains what is now California, Nevada, Utah, and parts of Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, and Wyoming as a result of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. German political refugees emigrate following the failure of a revolution. Wisconsin is the 30th state admitted to the Union [16] The United States annexes the Oregon Territory containing what is now Idaho, part of Montana, Oregon, Washington, part of Wyoming.
- 1849: The Minnesota Territory is organized. Millard Fillmore is sworn in as the 12th Vice President of the United States. Zachary Taylor is sworn in as the 12th President of the United States. Harriet Tubman escapes from slavery on the "Underground Railroad".
- 1850: The Kansas Territory, Nebraska Territory,and The Utah Territory are organized. Millard Fillmore is sworn in as the 13th President of the United States. California is the 31st state admitted to the Union. Congress hesitated to welcome a new free state, but because of its booming population and the discovery of gold California was admitted. Ceded by Mexico by the Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo, concluded Feb. 2, 1848, and proclaimed July 4, 1848. From then until statehood, California had a military government until Dec. 20, 1849, and then a local civil government. California never had a territorial form of government. The Fugitive Slave Act is passed by Congress requiring the return of escaped slaves.
- 1851: The Erie Railroad opens in New York; at 483 miles, it is the longest railroad line in the world. [17]
- 1853: The Washington Territory and The Oregon Territory are organized. Franklin Pierce is sworn in as the 14th President of the United States with William King as Vice President.
- 1854: The United States purchases (The Gadsden Purchase) what is now part of Arizona and New Mexico.
- 1855: The Panama Railroad, an American company, completes the Panama Railroad across the Isthmus of Panama. From 1855 to 1890 Castle Garden was America's first official immigration center.(Records can be viewed at The Statue of Liberty-Ellis Island Foundation, Inc.)
- 1856: The first railroad bridge across the Mississippi River is opened, linking Rock Island, Illinois, with Davenport, Iowa.
- 1857: James Buchanan is sworn in as the 15th President of the United States with John Breckinridge as Vice President.
Websites[edit | edit source]
- American Origins 1600 to 1900 presentation by the Smithsonian.
- The Statue of Liberty-Ellis Island Foundation, Inc. CastleGarden manifests.
- The Migration to North America
- Overland Diaries and Letters, 1846-1869 is a collection of the original writings of travelers on the Mormon, California, Oregon, and Montana trails.
- The Underground Railroad presentation by the National Geographic Online.
Sources[edit | edit source]
- ↑ Thirteen Colonies -Wikipedia
- ↑ An Outline of United States History, for Use in the General Course in United States History, Yale College: By Ralph Henry Gabriel, Dumas Malone, Frederick Johnson Manning, Theodore L. Glasgow. Memorial Publication Fund. Published by Yale university press, 1921. Original from Harvard University. Digitized Jun 19, 2008. 68 pages. page 32. Full text available at Google Books Worldcat
- ↑ White, George Savage; Memoir of Samuel Slater: the father of American manufactures Edition: 2. Published by s.n., 1836 Original from the New York Public Library. Digitized Jul 13, 2007. 448 pages. Full text available at Google Books
- ↑ A melancholy scene of devastation: the public response to the 1793 Philadelphia yellow fever epidemic By J. Worth Estes, Billy G. Smith. Contributor J. Worth Estes Edition: illustrated. Published by The Library Company of Phil, 1997. ISBN 088135192X, 9780881351927 211 pages. Worldcat Full text available at Google Books.
- ↑ The Underground Railroad From Slavery to Freedom By Wilbur Henry Siebert, Albert Bushnell Hart. Edition: 2. Published by Macmillan, 1898. Original from the University of Michigan. Digitized Jun 25, 2007. 478 pages, Indexed. Full text at Google Books.
- ↑ Mitchell, William M.; The Underground Railroad from Slavery to Freedom Edition: 2. Published by W. Tweedie, 1860. Original from Harvard University. Digitized Aug 4, 2006. 191 pages. Full text available at Google Books
- ↑ James Alexander Robertson, Paul Alliot; Louisiana Under the Rule of Spain, France, and the United States, 1785-1807: Social, Economic, and Political Conditions of the Territory Represented in the Louisiana Purchase. Published by The Arthur H. Clark Company, 1911. Item notes: v. 2. Worldcat Full text available at Google Books
- ↑ Robert Fulton –Wikipedia
- ↑ Forgotten Step toward Freedom
- ↑ National Road
- ↑ Francis Scott Key: author of the Star spangled banner; what else he was and who. By Francis Scott Key-Smith Published by Key-Smith and company, 1911. 104 pages. Worldcat. Full text available at Google Books
- ↑ Filby, P. William, ed. Passenger and Immigration Lists Index: A Guide to Published Arrival Records of ... Passengers who Came to the United States and Canada in the Seventeenth, Eighteenth, and Nineteenth Centuries. Published by Gale Research Co., 1980. Item notes: v. 2. Original from the University of Wisconsin - Madison. Digitized Jun 10, 2008. 324 pages. Worldcat. This series is a finding aid to published passenger lists. Be sure to read the "front material" to understand how to use the information you find.
- ↑ The settlement of Illinois from 1830 to 1850 (1908) Pooley, William Vipond.
- ↑ What is Manifest Destiny?
- ↑ Kinealy, Christine; This great calamity: the Irish famine, 1845-52. Edition: illustrated. Published by Gill and Macmillan, 1994. Original from the University of California. Digitized Sep 4, 2008. 450 pages. Worldcat Snippet view available at Google Books
- ↑ 1999-2000 Wisconsin Blue Book (published by the State of Wisconsin), on May 29, 1848, Wisconsin became the 30th state in the Union." (p. 630)
- ↑ "1850-1877: Science and Medicine: Chronology." American Eras. Gale Research Inc. 1997. Encyclopedia.com. 9 Apr. 2009 http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G2-2536601486.html.


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Christian Louboutin Wins Trademark Lawsuit: Red Sole Triumph!
Viva la red! The U.S. Court of Appeals in Manhattan has ruled that Christian Louboutin has exclusive rights to the contrasting red sole the French designer is so famous for, according to the LA Times. The debate came about after Yves Saint Laurent put out a shoe with a red bottom and ruffled Louboutin's rose-tinged feathers. "We hold that the lacquered red outsole, as applied to a shoe with an 'upper' of a different color, has 'come to identify and distinguish' the Louboutin brand and is therefore a distinctive symbol that qualifies for trademark protection," the court said. That means that no one but Louboutin can sell any shoe with a red sole and different-colored upper. What a win!
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Fri, Oct 13
31 HORROR STORIES -- "The Human Chair" (1925)@ 12:00 PM
Taro Hirai, under his pen name Edogawa Rampo (say it a few times, fast) wrote this seriously fucked-up story in 1925 (you didn't get to read it in English until 1956). Find a comfy chair, snuggle up, and read it. It's only about 17 pages long. And you won't even need to get all the way to the end until -- I guarantee it -- you will jump out of the chair you're sitting in, look back, and fucking shiver.


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There may have been a lot of reasons why Pavel Bure wanted out of Vancouver.
But Beth Novokshonoff believes a key factor was living in a fishbowl in a hockey-mad Canadian city.
Novokshonoff, who speaks Russian fluently, offered her services as an interpreter to the Canucks when the team was able to bring Igor Larionov and Vladimir Krutov to Vancouver in 1989.
She also worked with the players' wives to help them settle into their new city and did the same with Bure, whose English was spotty when he arrived in 1991 and had no experience of living on his own.
"Vancouver was too small," she said on Thursday.
"Sometimes, people wouldn't leave him alone."
It got so bad, said Novokshonoff, that when Bure was living in his posh home on a walled property on Southwest Marine Drive in the latter part of his tenure in Vancouver, fans would sometimes scale the wall and knock on his window hoping to meet the Russian Rocket.
She believes he was much more comfortable in Florida and, later, New York, where he could walk the streets and not be bothered.
"There really was no privacy," she said. "And Pavel was a really private person."
Novokshonoff said she really enjoyed getting to know Bure.
"We had a lot of laughs with him," she said. "When the Red Wings were in town, the Russian Five (Larionov, Viacheslav Fetisov, Sergei Fedorov, Slava Kozlov and Vladimir Konstantinov) and Pavel and (Alexander) Mogilny would come over for to our place for dinner afterwards. Igor would do his impression of (dictatorial Russian coach Viktor) Tikhonov. I've never seen Pavel laugh so hard."


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A slew of two-out South Carolina hits hurt Virginia on Tuesday night as the Cavaliers fell 7-1 in a winners' bracket game of the College World Series.
They fell into a must-win scenario, forced to play California at 7 p.m. Thursday. It will be the second time the teams have met in the CWS, and this time, both will be staving off elimination. Cal beat Texas A&M earlier in the day Tuesday in order to reach another losers' bracket game.
With its win, South Carolina (52-14) joined Florida as the only other CWS team to have won its first two games and reached the Friday semifinals. If those two teams win Friday, they'll advance to the finals. If not, they'll have rematches Saturday to see who moves on to next week's best-of-three final series.
Two-out base hits were the difference in Tuesday night's game.
Hitting cleanup one game after batting in the No. 9-hole, Gamecocks center fielder Jackie Bradley Jr. began the game's scoring in the top of the first when he stroked a two-out double into the right-center-field gap to score Christian Walker. Walker reached base after two quick outs when Cavaliers third baseman Steven Proscia bobbled his hard-hit ground ball.
Virginia (55-11) had another error in the inning when South Carolina's Adrian Morales reached on a single that slipped just between the hole at first and second. As Morales crossed first base, a throw toward the bag was thrown away, bouncing into the Gamecocks' dugout along the first-base line. A run scored on the play before Morales was driven in a batter later on a Brady Thomas double off the center-field wall.
The Cavaliers failed to respond in their half of the first. They finally did in the fourth.
Leading off the inning, John Hicks ripped a lined shot into the left-field bleacher seats. It was his eighth home run of the season, and the first CWS homer that didn't land either over or in the bullpens. There have been just four total home runs hit during this World Series, far fewer than last year's pace.
In the third, the Gamecocks continued their two-out hitting ways as Morales, Thomas and Peter Mooney singled in consecutive at-bats. Mooney drove in Morales for South Carolina's fourth run.
South Carolina didn't need to wait to hit with two outs in the fourth. Jake Williams led off with a triple before being driven in by an Evan Marzilli double one batter later. Both base hits came off a pair of low-flying line drives that arced just out of reach of the Cavaliers' leaping middle infielders.
Virginia squandered another scoring opportunity in the fifth inning. After leadoff hitter Chris Taylor of Virginia Beach dumped a hit into shallow left field that the Gamecocks appeared to lose in the lights, the Cavaliers had the bases loaded. The base hit ran South Carolina starter Colby Holmes from the game.
His replacement, the submarining John Taylor, got the next batter, John Barr, to ground into a 1-2-3 double play, ending the Cavaliers' threat.
First pitch at TD Ameritrade Park was pushed back to 8:15 p.m. after inclement weather slowed the game's start by more than an hour.
This was the second CWS game to have been affected by bad weather. Monday night's game between Florida and Vanderbilt was suspended due to high winds and heavy rains. Fans and players were rushed off the field as dark clouds descended upon downtown Omaha. There were reports of winds that exceeded 70 mph at the time of the delay.
That game was resumed Tuesday morning, with Florida winning 3-1.
The Cavaliers are making their second CWS appearance; they went 1-2 in 2009. They beat Cal on Sunday to reach this game.
South Carolina is the defending CWS champion and got to Tuesday night's game after rallying in the bottom of the ninth Sunday to beat Texas A&M in a thrilling walk-off finish. With the bases loaded and a Texas A&M outfielder brough in as a fifth infielder, Gamecocks second baseman Scott Wingo slugged the game-winning RBI single to the base of the right-field wall.
On the heels of Danny Hultzen's and Tyler Wilson's strong combined shutout against Cal, the Cavaliers sent Roberts to the mound. The right-hander had thrown three complete games entering the contest and came in with a record of 11-1 and an ERA of 1.58. But he was held to his shortest outing of the year, taken out after 3-1/3 innings.
Holmes (7-3, 3.78) had not allowed a hit before Hicks' fourth-inning home run.
A slew of two-out South Carolina hits hurt Virginia on Tuesday night as the Cavaliers fell 7-1 in a winners' bracket game of the College World Series.


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Four years after Daniel Pearl was brutally murdered in Pakistan, questions and concerns remain.
|In the evening of January 11, 2002, Wall Street Journal reporter Daniel Pearl walked into a hotel near the Pakistani capital, Islamabad, and was introduced to a man who called himself Bashir. Pearl thought he was meeting a potential source who could help him get access to a radical Islamic cleric for a story on terrorism. In fact, that night Pearl met a British-born Pakistani militant with a track record of kidnapping Westerners. His real name was Ahmed Omar Saeed Sheikh. Instead of helping Pearl land a scoop, the meeting with Saeed set events in motion that led to his entrapment, kidnapping, and murder, U.S. officials say, at the hands of Khalid Sheikh Mohammed, the suspected mastermind behind the 9/11 attacks on the United States.
Four years on, significant progress has been made in bringing Pearl's killers to justice. "We believe that most, but not all, of the key figures in Danny's kidnapping and murder have either been killed or are in jail," said Wall Street Journal Deputy Managing Editor John Bussey. But questions linger about who ordered the murder and what precisely happened. Saeed, the mastermind of the kidnapping, is on death row but is delaying his appeals amid allegations that he is protected by Pakistan's powerful Inter-Services Intelligence Agency (ISI). He has also violated Pakistani prison rules for death row inmates by making contact with the outside world from his prison cell. It seems uncertain he will ever be executed, according to the Pearl family, who are frustrated by the slowness of the investigation and want Saeed's sentence carried out.
Pearl traveled to Pakistan at a particularly tense time, according to Bruce Hoffman, a terrorism expert at the Rand Corp. in Washington. With the fall of the Taliban regime in neighboring Afghanistan in December 2001, militants were pushed out. "When they lost their geographical center of gravity in Afghanistan, they went to Pakistan, which was something of a haven because they had longstanding relations with existing (militant Islamist) groups."
On January 23, 2002, after exchanging e-mails with Saeed for nine days, Pearl was lured to a restaurant in the southern port city of Karachi. He got into a car he thought would take him to interview a reclusive Islamic leader. Instead, he was kidnapped and held for a week before being killed. A video camera recorded the grisly act. The search for Pearl continued for several weeks until a copy of the video surfaced on February 21, 2002.
Pearl had been researching a radical Islamic leader, Sheikh Mubarik Ali Gilani, who had been linked to the so-called "shoe bomber" Richard Reid. Reid tried to blow up an American Airlines flight from Paris to Miami in December 2001. To find his way to Gilani, Pearl did what reporters do every day--he reached out to new contacts and made himself accessible. That also made him a target, Hoffman said. "It is a question of opportunism and access. A reporter has to chase a story, making him or her more vulnerable."
Journalists investigating militant groups and their connections to terrorist activities were not welcome, according to Pearl's widow, Mariane, who traveled with him to Karachi and who wrote about her experience in her 2003 book, A Mighty Heart. A pattern of overlapping Islamic militant groups with ties to al-Qaeda emerges from the arrests in the Pearl case. Three separate groups carried out the crime: the organizers of the kidnapping who lured Pearl; those who detained him; and those who carried out the execution.
Saeed turned himself in to police on February 12, 2002, but he told a court in Karachi that he had first surrendered to the ISI one week earlier in Lahore. What took place during his time with the ISI is not known, but Saeed's association with the powerful intelligence agency appears to be protecting him, Pearl's family said. "He is kind of untouchable," Mariane Pearl told CPJ.
Saeed was a member of the militant Islamic group Jaish-e-Mohammed whose goal is to unite Indian-administered Kashmir with Pakistan. He told police that he plotted to seize Pearl because he wanted to strike at the United States and embarrass Pakistani President Gen. Pervez Musharraf on the eve of his visit to Washington, The Journal reported.
Other arrests in the case include Khalid Sheikh Mohammed, al-Qaeda's third-ranking operative, who was snared in March 2003 near Islamabad. U.S. officials say that he carried out Pearl's execution. He is being held in U.S. custody at an undisclosed location. To extract information from Mohammed, CIA interrogators used a technique called "water-boarding," where the suspect is held under water to the point of nearly drowning, The New York Times reported.
Fazal Karim, a militant belonging to Lashkar-e-Jhangvi, a Sunni Muslim group with ties to the Taliban, provided more information. He confessed to his involvement in May 2002 when he was arrested in connection with a bomb attack on Karachi's Sheraton Hotel. He says he witnessed Pearl's execution by three Arabic-speaking men who showed up without warning. Hashim Qadeer, a member of the Kashmiri separatist group Harkat ul-Mujahideen, who first introduced Pearl to Saeed, was detained in July 2005.
At least two others connected with Pearl's murder remain at large: Saud Memon, who owned the property where Pearl was held and killed; and at least one man who was present when Pearl was murdered, according to The Journal.
Despite the arrests, appeals have brought the case to a near standstill. A court convicted Saeed and three others of the kidnapping and, in July 2002, sentenced Saeed to death by hanging. "He was sentenced to death very quickly, but it was also obvious that it was a political trial. He knew that he was protected. He even said at the time 'The people who put me here will die before I do,'" Mariane Pearl said.
From behind bars, Saeed continues to make public statements. He gave an interview to Britain's Sunday Telegraph in which he pledged allegiance to Taliban leader Mullah Omar and said, "I'm trying to prepare myself to be of real service to the 'ummah' (Muslim nation) if I get another chance."
The three others convicted in the kidnapping--Fahad Naseem, Salman Saqib, and Sheikh Mohammed Adeel--received 25-year jail sentences. All are appealing and the process has been subject to delaying strategies by lawyers. In July 2004, The Journal reported on one tactic: "Mr. Saeed's lawyer, Abdul Waheed Katpar, requested adjournments at least twice last year on the grounds that his client's father had borrowed the case file on Mr. Saeed and hadn't yet returned it."
The appeals have been delayed more than 30 times and show no signs of moving forward, Pearl's father, Judea Pearl, told CPJ. "Obviously the court allows them to play the game of delay for some reason. It is obviously also conducted from the top in the sense that the regime is not interested in executing the sentence." Mariane Pearl sees the hand of the intelligence services behind it. "Pakistan itself cannot carry out the sentence. That tells you about the power of the ISI," she said.
The delays have a domino effect on other parts of the prosecution. Four other men detained in the case cannot be formally arrested or charged until the first four cases are resolved because the men would be tried with the same evidence, according to former special prosecutor M.Z. Haq, who tried Saeed. If the first four sentences are overturned, it would have direct implications on the other four men's cases, he noted.
Yet by local standards, Haq said, Saeed's case is unusual in its delays. "This is an extraordinary and exceptional case because normally, with a death sentence case, the verdict is carried out within six to nine months," Haq said.
"The process isn't efficient," said Bussey, who went to Karachi in 2002 when Pearl was kidnapped and who follows the ongoing cases. "When we regularly ask officials in Islamabad and Karachi why the appeal hasn't been heard and the sentence finalized and executed, we're told that the Pakistani judicial process requires patience."
For Pearl's family, patience is running thin. "We are looking for closure," Judea Pearl said. "We don't know what happened that last few days and we have not received this information. We have been after (the U.S. State Department and the FBI) for four years to hear one scenario that will match all the clues, and we haven't received it yet."
Reports in the British and Indian press that Saeed continues to receive visitors and communicate with followers from jail disturb the Pearls. Normally, those sentenced to death are allowed only short visits with family members and are not permitted to speak to the press, Haq said. "It hurts that he is still operating from prison," Pearl's mother, Ruth, said.
Saeed has been linked to other crimes since he was arrested. After two assassination attempts on Musharraf, prison authorities moved Saeed from Hyderabad to Adiala prison near Islamabad in January 2004. He was questioned there about his connection to the man behind the plots, Amjad Hussain Farooqi, a militant with links to al-Qaeda. Farooqi, who also played a role in orchestrating Pearl's kidnapping, died in a shoot-out with Pakistani security forces in September 2005.
More pressure is needed to resolve the case, Mariane Pearl said. "There is a lack of will to pressure Pakistani authorities by the U.S. government and by The Wall Street Journal," she said. Bussey responded that his newspaper hired a lawyer in Karachi to advise it on the case and has contacted all relevant parties. "The Journal has urged a swift resolution of the prosecution of this case with President Musharraf, with other Pakistani government officials in Islamabad and those visiting the U.S., and with the Bush administration," he said.
Three years ago, in June 2003, Musharraf told reporters that the Pearl case was "history." Pearl's parents responded in a letter to the editor of The Journal on July 8, 2003. They said their son's case would remain an open wound until two conditions were met: "All those involved in the planning and execution of the murder are brought to justice and justice is served, and a monument to Daniel Pearl is erected in Karachi, reaffirming the ideals for which he stood: truth, humanity and dialogue." Those steps remain
Information on the Daniel Pearl Foundation is available at www.danielpearl foundation.org
Abi Wright is CPJ's communications director and former Asia program coordinator.


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Moonshot Studios
Moonshot cancels Fallen Frontier, to focus on mobile
Here's a story that went under our radar in January: Moonshot has cancelled Fallen Frontier and is instead working on a top-down stealth game for iPad called Third Eye Crime. The news is worth dusting off even this late because Moonshot is staffed by a number of former Bungie employees, and if they can't sell […]
Moonshot Studios headlines
Fallen Frontier trailer gives off little Halo vibe
Ex-Bungie team Moonshot has released a trailer for its first project, upcoming sci-fi side-scroller Fallen Frontier. It contains space, but no Master Chief, which will please you or not.
Former Bungie staff announce Moonshot Studios
Three former Bungie members announced today the formation of Moonshot Games development studio. Based in Boston and Seattle, it was formed by Michel Bastien, production lead for Halo 2 and Halo 3, Damián Isla, and creative director Rob Stokes, mission designer on the Halo series. The official announcement from the company website is past the […]


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WASHINGTON – May 15, 2014 – (RealEstateRama) — The Federal Housing Agency is taking additional steps to expand access to mortgage credit for underserved borrowers, according to Department of Housing and Urban Development Secretary Shaun Donovan, who spoke to Realtors® today at the FHA: 80 Years and Counting – Regulatory Issues Forum during the Realtor® Party Convention & Trade Expo.
Donovan said lending to potential buyers with lower credit scores has fallen dramatically in recent years and announced a new blueprint for greater consumer access to credit, through a new FHA housing counseling program that will launch later this year. The four-year, two-phase pilot program, called Homeowners Armed With Knowledge or HAWK, will offer a 50 basis point reduction in the upfront mortgage insurance premium and a 10 basis point reduction in the annual premium at the time of loan origination to first-time homebuyers who complete the program. Loans that remain in good standing will also receive reductions, which could add up to thousands of dollars in savings for homebuyers over the life of their loan.
"People deserve access to credit and the chance to buy a home when they are ready. We are excited about the potential impact HAWK will have on buyers," said Donovan. "This is a win for the market, FHA, lenders, and borrowers. It will ensure that FHA will continue as a champion of opportunity for the next 80 years."
During the meeting, National Association of Realtors® President Steve Brown congratulated FHA on serving millions of homebuyers for the past 80 years and safely providing access to mortgage financing, especially during critical times like the most recent economic downturn, and also into the future.
"HAWK is a step in the right direction, making mortgage credit available to more qualified homebuyers. Realtors® urge FHA to quickly develop the program and make it available to homebuyers," said Brown, broker/owner of Irongate, Inc. Realtors® in Dayton, Ohio. "We have many qualified homebuyers who need help now, and are being shut out of the market due to record high annual premiums and mortgage insurance for the life of the loan."
Fees on FHA loans make up nearly 20 percent of a monthly mortgage payment, according to NAR estimates, and they make it much more difficult for potential buyers to purchase a home.
Carol Galante, FHA commissioner and assistant secretary for housing, joined Donovan at the forum. She agreed that there are too many responsible creditworthy buyers who are being shut out of the market.
"HAWK will allow for real savings and give better access to FHA for many individuals," said Galante. She said FHA's blueprint to expand credit access will also reduce lender and consumer risk and will encourage greater use of counseling to help more families get in homes.
Galante also announced proposed changes to the agency's quality assurance initiative, which will collect fees from lenders to conduct loan reviews to ensure lenders are following responsible lending guidelines.
"The quality insurance initiative will create solid rules of the road for lenders so they are more confident in how they lend to consumers," she said.
Galante said FHA's quality assurance measures will provide enhanced clarity and transparency in FHA's lending policies and provide lenders with greater policy direction, which will encourage more consumer lending, especially to underserved borrowers. She said these changes will also better protect the FHA insurance fund, borrowers, lenders and taxpayers.
The notice of the program was published by FHA today. NAR will provide comments on the notice and looks forward to working with the Administration to help qualified homebuyers who are being shut out of the housing market.
Earlier today, Federal Housing Finance Agency Director Mel Watt announced a step-back from a planned reduction in mortgage loan limits for the government-sponsored enterprises Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. Watt also said FHFA will be requesting input on guarantee fees and NAR plans to submit comments.
"Watt's announcement is in line with NAR's long held position that loan limits should not be lowered, so that borrowers in all markets don't experience a reduction in access to mortgage credit," said Brown. "FHFA is taking additional steps to facilitate greater liquidity in mortgage markets and help more qualified buyers gain access to homeownership."
For recaps of forums and the latest news from the conference, visit NAR's Realtor® Party Live website pages, http://live.blogs.realtor.org/, and on Twitter, https://twitter.com/RPCTE.
The National Association of Realtors®, "The Voice for Real Estate," is America's largest trade association, representing 1 million members involved in all aspects of the residential and commercial real estate industries.
Media Contact: Sara Wiskerchen / 202-383-1013


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The Nail Writer is, ounce-for-ounce, the most powerful tool in the mentalist's arsenal. Compiled and edited by Thomas Baxter, this Anthology is packed with routines, ideas and uses for this secret device. Many of these come from top name contributors. Detailed instructions for making different nail writers are also provided. Destined to become a classic in mentalism literature!
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How to
Use the Activities
Inquiry Question
The following activities will help students understand what it would have been like to attend Lincoln's second inaugural ball and the process of planning community celebrations.
Activity 1: Learning a Period Dance
Resources needed:
In this activity, students will carefully examine a Dance Card from Lincoln's second inaugural ball and make a list of the various types of dances and musical selections that were part of the ball. Students can then work in partners, with one student being the leader and the other the follower, to learn the waltz – one of the period dances listed on the dance card. The Waltz Step Instructions Card can be enlarged and copied for each student so that s/he can use it to learn the necessary steps. Students can then listen to a musical selection played at the ball and try out the corresponding dance. This will help students to further understand some of the traditions and customs of the day including those used at Lincoln's second inaugural ball. As an extension activity, students can research some of the other dances and musical selections played at the ball as listed on the dance card. They may also want to find out more about period dancing by reading an article in the Museum's EyeLevel blog.
Activity 2: Telling the Story
Resources needed:
This multi-part lesson has students review primary sources and texts in the unit, research in local or state historical newspapers, write a fictional account from the perspective of a particular individual, and discuss Lincoln's second inaugural ball from different points of view. Assign each student a character who may have attended the ball: a (wounded) soldier, a Washington "lady," a member of Lincoln's cabinet, a waiter at the ball, or an individual of your choice. Each student should review the related primary sources and text in this lesson to gather information that will help them to understand more about their assigned character. Each student should then research a local or state newspaper from the period to see how the ball in specific or the inauguration in general was covered by the local/state press and issues that may have been of concern to that community. Next, each student should write a newspaper story, letter, or diary entry about the ball from the viewpoint of their character. Finally, students should share their accounts and discuss the similarities and differences among and between the various individuals who may have attended the ball.
Activity 3: Planning a Community Celebration
Resources needed:
Have students investigate one of the recent presidential inaugural balls and its location. Locate a primary source that describes it. Have students compare and contrast a recent ball with Lincoln's second inaugural ball in 1865 using primary sources from both events. Ask students: If you participated in Lincoln's second inaugural ball and were transported to a recent one, what would be similar? What would be different?
Next, have students think about the role that formal ceremonies and rituals play in their own lives whether it is part of their family life (e.g. birthdays), wider community (e.g. holiday parade), or school (e.g. graduation). They can reflect on the various components of the ceremony or ritual and how it may impact the different participants and either record or discuss their thoughts individually or as part of a group. You may also want to assign students to either watch a YouTube video or read a local newspaper story about one of these events, paying special attention to the various components involved. Then students can review the primary sources and text in the lesson related to Lincoln's second inaugural ball such as the illustrations, invitation, admission ticket, dance card, etc. and discuss the various types of materials and resources that were required for the ball in 1865.
After comparing and contrasting the requirements from 1865 to today students can now apply their knowledge to develop a plan for hosting a similar significant celebratory event in their region, perhaps for an elected local or state official. They should identify a community building that is appropriate for hosting their event like the Patent Office building was appropriate for Lincoln's inaugural ball. As part of an extension activity, this could be formalized as a service learning project. Students will prepare by identifying a need related to this theme, investigating and analyzing it, and making a plan for action. Then they can carry out the action which was a direct result of their preparation. The plan may be carried out over the course of an academic year, a semester, two weeks, or a single day. As the students put their plan into action they come to recognize how classroom lessons fit into their daily lives and shape the lives of others as they experience the real results of their actions.Be sure to build in time throughout the process for reflection. Students will need to consider how the knowledge, experience, and skills they are acquiring relate to their own lives and their communities. Reflection should go beyond simply reporting or describing what they are doing or have done in order to make an impact. Students may want to create poetry, art, or music to express a change in their feelings that may have occurred as a result of participating in the project. Finally, students should be able to demonstrate evidence of their learning through a public presentation that draws on the preparation, action, and reflection stages of their experience. The presentation can take many forms such as a letter to the editor, a school assembly, a class lesson, or a performance to name a few. This final step of the service learning project enables students to take charge of their own learning as they synthesize and integrate the process through demonstration.


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(CBS News) CBS News has learned that three Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) agents are under investigation for hiring prostitutes in Cartagena, Colombia.
The alleged incident happened at the same time as the Secret Service agents were in Colombia for President Obama's visit in mid April, but is separate from the ongoing Secret Service investigation.
Sources tell CBS News that the DEA agents under investigation have been removed from the country.
Two sources briefed on the investigation told CBS News that the allegations against the DEA came from a Secret Service agent who was being questioned by investigators as part of the Secret Service Colombia investigation.
The investigation is being conducted by the Department of Justice Inspector General, who provided a statement to CBS News from spokesman Jay Lerner: "The Department of Justice Office of the Inspector General (DOJ-OIG) is investigating allegations about potential misconduct by Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) personnel in Colombia, unrelated to the Cartagena hotel Secret Service incident." The DOJ IG said they are working in coordination with the DEA, the U.S. Secret Service, the inspector general for the Department of Homeland Security and the State Department's Diplomatic Security Service on the investigation.
Unlike the Secret Service, the DEA has agents permanently stationed in Colombia, with offices in both Bogota and Cartagena.
DEA spokesperson Dawn Dearden sent a statement to CBS News indicating they made the agents immediately available to DOJ IG investigators. "DEA takes allegations of misconduct very seriously and will take appropriate personnel action, if warranted, upon the conclusion of the OIG investigation," it said.
Secret Service Director Mark Sullivan will be on Capitol Hill on Wednesday morning to testify before the Senate Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee.


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The Army's Golden Knights parachute team were performing one of their patented pregame routines before last night's Rangers game. All but one of them made it to the field.
It was a windy evening in Arlington, and one jumper missed his mark by a few feet, snagging his chute on a flagpole atop the scoreboard. He dangled there comically for a few seconds, before unbuckling his harness and dropping to a catwalk. Stadium workers quickly came to retrieve his parachute.
Colin Cowherd is already reporting that the skydiver wasn't giving his all, and is planning to jump for the Yankees next year.


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How many chibi animals can you think of? Here is a strange concept, I have been drawing all sorts of chibi characters and animals right? Well get this, I have never made a tutorial on "how to draw a chibi puppy", step by step. I know I did a chibi cat, and that was horrible, but I never drew a chibi puppy. This tutorial came out wicked cool and incredibly adorable. I wanted to do something different with the puppy and to do so I've drawn in a piece of cloth that is clearly hanging out from it's mischievous mouth. He sort of reminds me of my six month old puppy who is always getting into trouble. We are constantly finding torn toilet paper, newspaper, regular paper, and even homework torn all over the floor. She even bit my new bed and put dent holes in the wood of the leg. By looking at this chibi puppy you would think that is is going to be hard to draw right? Wrong. I made sure that this puppy was going to be easy to draw, and that is why I know you will have fun learning "how to draw a chibi puppy". I hope you have fun, and I also hope you have enjoyed your drawing day!
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I have not worked with either one. So before I get deep into either one I want to make sure I am picking the right engine for business intelligence.
There are needs for reports, pie charts or charts, etc. You get the point. Also, my manager is interested in Dashboard (not sure if this is only achieved thru PerformanceP or PPivot)?
Please suggest the best way to do this. We do not have hardware constrains.


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Fed up of working at a large and busy salon? Feel like being your own boss for a change? Becoming a mobile hairdresser is no easy feet but if you have the confidence and resources to start your own business, do it. It can be very rewarding!
Getting the Word Out
Think about your target audience and the best ways to approach them. People seeking mobile hairdressers could be stay-at-home mums, the elderly, people with disabilities, brides and bridesmaids, and others for whom it is important to find a hairdresser who can come to their home or venue.
Start spreading the word through friends and acquaintances. It could be worth offering special deals to your first ten clients or so. Always make sure to deliver good service as you can not risk damaging your reputation if your mood is a bit off.
If you are familiar with social networks such as Facebook and Twitter, set up accounts for your business and use trending hashtags to tap into local audiences. It is also worth looking into joining forums and directories. For example, there are many of these for mums and the disabled.
Keeping Yourself Organized
Keeping yourself organized is vital to business success. In order for you to be able to focus on hairdressing, think about employing an accountant or bookkeeper to take care of your finances and tax. It's worth consulting a professional before launching your business.
Make sure you keep an appointment diary, and always have it on you so do not risk double booking clients.
Keep your equipment in check, always make sure you have the necessary items for cutting, dyeing, blow drying or the like.
It is also worth keeping some of your diplomas or certificates on hand, especially if visiting new clients. They may wish to see proof that you're qualified for the job.
Gaining New Skills
To stay ahead of the competition and show you really care about your job, attend the occasional course to gain some new skills and knowledge. Heard of a new technique for creating highlights? Look out for courses being held in your area.
You could also attend conferences and seminars further afield to gain valuable contacts and experience.
If you are using social media for advertising, be sure to mention these courses. You should also drop them into conversation when chatting to your clients.
Renewing Your Equipment
Do not let your hair salon equipment get outdated. Old tools will not leave a good impression on your clients so inspire all your equipment to spot any signs of aging.
For example, scissors can go rusty and electricals can simply start looking outdated by the speed at which the industry releases new products.


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The Forgotten B in LGBTQ Fiction
Kody is the NYT bestselling author of The DUFF, Shut Out, and A Midsummer's Nightmare, all from Little Brown/Poppy, as well as Lying Out Loud, Run, and the middle grade novel The Swift Boys and Me, from Scholastic. Born and raised in Kentucky, she now lives in NYC.
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29 comments:
Terrific post! I would love to get more recommendations. My WIP, NOT CRICKET, has a secondary character who is bisexual. It's YA. I also have a MS on submission, "as u like it," with a secondary character who is transgendered.ReplyDelete
Lily's Book of Dares by Rachel Cohn & David Levithan has several secondary gay characters and avoids stereotypes. Levithan has done several other books.
Hard Love by Ellen Wittlinger is about a lesbian (companion book: Love and Lies)
The Mockingbirds by Daisy Whitney has a secondary who is a lesbian.
Welcome Home or Someplace Like It by Charlotte Agell has a gay secondary character (the MC's brother).
The Accidental Adventures of India McAllister also by Charlotte Agell has a girl who has issues with her father's gay partner, but it's MG.
I think the tide is starting to turn with regard to the B and T. In recent months, there have been at least two releases from big publishers with major F2M characters (Jumpstart the World and I Am J) and at least two more with leading female bi/pansexual characters (Pink and Very LeFreak). All were quite good, IMO. So while they're still underrepresented, I think authors and publishers really are working on it. There's also a bi main characters in Brent Hartinger's series that starts with Geography Club, and the MC of Eddie de Oliveira's Lucky is possibly the only bi guy I've seen in YA lit so far.ReplyDelete
Of course, I'd like to see more. And I'd like to see characters that might identify as trans or queer or third gender but would not consider themselves strictly M2F or F2M. And the usual lack of ethnic diversity is still a problem, of course.
If you're looking for more LGBTQ characters, another blog you might be interested in is Daisy Porter's Queer YA. ALA's Rainbow Lists are also a great resource.
- AnonymousMarch 31, 2011 at 8:37 AM
I'd recommend checking out Frank Portman's Andromeda Klein. Though she doesn't ever state her sexual preference or identity, it's pretty clear from the action of the novel that she's attracted to both boys and girls.ReplyDelete
Interesting post. I have a WIP with a lesbian MC. One of the secondary characters hasn't yet revealed her sexuality to me, but she could easily be bi - actually that might be interesting - thanks.ReplyDelete
One of my fellow workshop participants is writing a novel with a transgender character - male to female that is wonderful. So hopefully, that book will be out in the world before long.
Julie Anne Peters book Luna is about a transgender teen.
Interesting post. I've been working on updating our LGBTQ booklist at our library so I've been doing a lot of reading in this area. I haven't come across many books about bisexual characters--Boyfriends with Girlfriends, definitely, and Pink by Lili Wilkinson is another (and I really enjoyed that one!). I actually found more books about transgender than I'd thought I would. Actually, another librarian thinks that we have enough material in our library to create an LGB list and a seperate transgender list. (that says something about my library, I guess!)ReplyDelete
- AnonymousMarch 31, 2011 at 9:06 AM
I have to post this anonymously to protect the people in my personal life, but let me start by saying I am a LGBTQ YA novelist and I am bisexual.ReplyDelete
My LGBTQ characters are either L or G or B. For YA, the B is difficult, though, because you're still at an age where you aren't exactly sure about things. B is tough to pinpoint at that age. Some teens who solidly identify as L or G later in life, start out thinking they are B, and some know for sure they are L or G or S (straight) from the time they were very young.
Every individual's experience is different. So in YA it is difficult to have B characters without the story being *about* discovering who they are.
In my personal experience, as a teen, I knew what B was but I didn't understand it. I thought maybe I was L and I was in denial, forcing myself to have an attraction to guys so I wouldn't be teased. Well, I learned later that you really can't *force* an attraction to one or the other. It just doesn't work that way. But as a teen, I had no clue how it worked.
Had there been more B-focused LGBTQ fiction available when I was a teen, maybe things would have been different for me.
Unfortunately, LGBTQ is still very much a niche market, even for adults. But when you put those characters in YA, you lose the self-confidence. Teens, by nature, are constantly questioning their role in society, and this becomes exponentially greater when you "don't fit the accepted norm." So many of the stories with LGBTQ characters, especially if they are *main* characters, become *about* this self-discovery.
I have seen agents and editors flat-out state they don't want those types of stories anymore because they don't sell.
While there is nothing wrong with that type of story, the majority of readers are not going to connect with it. So unless your story has some other kind of amazing IT factor, it will be rejected. In this economy, publishers can't afford to take on stories that won't make them big bucks.
Not saying I agree with that. At all.
LGBTQ fiction for teens is really special to those kids. It's like someone throwing you a life preserver while the rest of the crowd was ready to sit and watch you drown. I wish there was more of it available to them, which is why I write it.
Someone mentioned Pink below. I love the book, but it does sort of deal with bisexuality in a roundabout way.ReplyDelete
I know when I was in school people identified as bi younger than they'd ID as gay, too--middle school. It's bizarre to me, especially because I think sexuality is a spectrum, that more YA lit isn't out there that deals with it.
You might want to check out Julie Ann Peter's books. She deals with the 'B' and 'T' as well. Check out LUNA especially.ReplyDelete
I recently read Maureen Johnson's THE BERMUDEZ TRIANGLE where while one of the main characters character is lesbian while another could easily be bisexual or bi-curious.
I bought EMPRESS OF THE WORLD by Sara Ryan some days back and from what I get of the blurb, it has a bisexual MC too.
Also, one of my WiPs, has a bisexual MC.
I'm working on a manuscript right now with a bisexual main character. I identify as bisexual myself and I think it can be a tricky thing. You're in between: not gay, but not straight, either. Some people (both gay and straight) don't believe bisexuality is real, and that you're really straight but trying to be trendy or gay and too chicken to say it. Not true. I really hope more bisexual books get published in upcoming years.ReplyDelete
The other manuscript of mine is about a female-to-male transgendered person who is also gay (biologically female, transitioning to male, attracted to men). A lot of people have trouble understanding that.
A couple of recent YA recs that portray transgender teens:ReplyDelete
I AM J by Cris Beam was released earlier this month and really needs a higher profile.
ALMOST PERFECT by Brian Katcher (awesome book)
You're right about the lack of bi representation in YA lit, though, especially when it comes to main characters.
Great post, and I appreciated anonymous' explanations also.ReplyDelete
My guess about the lack of representation in YA would have leaned toward acceptance more than niche market issues. It seems like our culture got used to gay males first then lesbians and now the other "letters" are growing in understanding and acceptance...at least I hope it's heading that way.
I think the existence of the "It gets better" campaign can say a lot about why there isn't a huge amount of LGBTQ YA fiction out there - the message of the campaign is, just make it through high school and out of your community, and college/the real world will enable you to move to a place more accepting of your orientation. Most LGBTQ people I know were beyond the YA-acceptable age range when they were able to fully embrace the identity they first wanted to have when they were in high school. They'd probably feel like any YA book where a character comes satisfactory conclusion about their orientation during high school doesn't ring true to them. (At least, it doesn't ring true to me, as an ally who saw her gay and transgender friends only find some sort of peace from abuse once they were out of our conservative high school.)ReplyDelete
As has been discussed on this blog before, there's definitely this blind spot around college-age characters and I think that college/real world time is needed to create realistic stories that attract suffering LGBTQ teens who see college as their only viable route to "it gets better." Until YA broadens its turf, or until publishers recognize the need for "emerging adult fiction", it's going to be hard to explore some of these more complicated identities inside the confines of YA.
I have a manuscript I'm shopping right now with a bi character in it.ReplyDelete
What I once heard from a friend, which bewildered me, is that bisexuality can be seen as a cop out--a gay/lesbian character might turn off readers so hey, make them bi so that they can play both fields! Personally, I think that's silly b/c HELLO, bisexuals exist and I know plenty of them.
Great post!
One of the most frustrating things about bisexuality is others' dismissal of it. Sometimes it is indeed a stepping stone on the path to figuring out one's homosexuality. Sometimes it really is just an experimentation thing. But that certainly doesn't mean bisexuality doesn't exist.ReplyDelete
I'm married to a man, so that makes me straight. My twin sister is in a LTR with a woman, so that makes her a lesbian. Except that's not true for either of us -- we're both somewhere in the gradient.
People always seem to need things to fit into tidy categories with easy titles. That's not the way sexuality works.
How I Paid For College by Marc Acito has a bisexual MC.ReplyDelete
It does seem odd that the B is so under-represented. Since most "gay" adults I know started on the bi now gay later plan. Even when teens are homosexual, coming out first as bisexual is often easier for people to accept.
Also, all teens are trying to figure themselves out. So experimentation is common and natural. Many people who grow up to be in committed homosexual relationships experiment with heterosexuality. And many people who grow up to be in committed heterosexual relationships experiment with homosexuality.
My guess about why there aren't more stories *about* being bisexual (as opposed to stories where there just happens to be a bi character) would be that there's less inherent drama. As Kirsten said, some people think of bisexuality as an experimental phase or a stepping stone on the way to coming out lacking the level of commitment necessary to actually declare yourself gay. Sort of having your cake and eating it, too. But as much as bisexuals get a bad rap for being in denial about being gay there is still a lot more stigma attached to being gay so you'll probably have a wider audience of confused gay teens wishing they were represented than bisexuals. Hell, given the stereotype of (girls) experimenting in college, being bisexual is almost applauded in some contexts.ReplyDelete
- Sophia.
Hugs to Anon. It seems there are a lot of bisexual ladies writing YA.ReplyDelete
I think the answer is something close to what Kirsten says. What's going on is an artifact of bi erasure. The truth is, bisexuality is still not entirely believed even within the gay community, and bisexuals are often treated like shady traitors (Dan Savage, for instance, is infamous for telling a gay man to never hook up with bisexuals because they'll leave you for a woman). It happens with teens, too. I know this because I dealt with it myself--I was told that I was a lesbo by the boys in my high school, but when I tried to embrace the label of bi, my gay friends told me that bi was a lie, and that I was either a lesbian, or straight.
Because of that, and because I'm married to a man, I didn't even feel comfortable calling myself bi until about three years ago. And I'm a grown-up!
That's one of the reasons that I found Boyfriends with Girlfriends so heartening, even though it was flawed. One of the characters' experiences were so close to mine that it was spooky. I don't think I've ever seen that before in YA fiction--a character in the queer spectrum who knows it's not fair to herself to label herself as one or the other.
Let's face it: publishing is like broader society in that it wants easy answers and neat categories. And like Kirsten says, that's not how it works.
"Let's face it: publishing is like broader society in that it wants easy answers and neat categories. And like Kirsten says, that's not how it works."ReplyDelete
PHOEBE (and Kirsten): STOP WINNING THE INTERNET.
Very LeFreak by Rachel Cohn features a bi protagonist and the book is not *about* being Bi. But I would love to read more, more, more books where sexuality is depicted the way it truly exists.ReplyDelete
I agree in the under represented category of LGBTQ YA literature, the Bs, Ts, and Qs are often left out.ReplyDelete
However, I do happen to know of a December 2010 release (the first book in a planned series) that includes all of the above (including an L) that a lot of readers might have missed. It's The End: Five Queer Teens Save The World by Nora Olsen, which was published by Prizm Books. It's a sci-fi novel that not only includes the Bs, Ts, and Qs, but also goes beyond the stereotypical plot lines in many LGBTQ lit, showing that these type of teens have other issues beyond dealing with their sexuality and coming out, including eating disorders and suicidal thoughts.
Also, Jumpstart the World by Catherine Ryan Hyde has a T secondary character, but he's an adult. I've heard that it's from the perspective of a teen neighbor who befriends him and later learns he's T and has to come to grips with it, so not quite the same thing.
I would also recommend another lesser known book featuring a lesbian MC and a gay secondary character, called Rhythm And Blues by Jill Murray, which is about a girl who is recruited to an R&B group based on her dancing abilities alone and has to decide whether the superficial world she's entered is worth it for her.
Wildthorn by Jane Eagland has a lesbian MC and secondary character. It's a historical YA novel set during the Victorian period about a girl who gets locked up in an insane asylum.
@Anonymous who said that it's hard to write Bi for teens because they don't often "know" that's what they are, I think that might be the case in some instances, but I had a friend in high school who knew she was Bi.
Such a great post--I'm so glad you brought this to light. One of my main characters for my contemporary YA is bi, and I'd love to read other examples.ReplyDelete
Nice points, in both the post and the comments. The MC of my debut is bi, or she would be if she were ready to label herself as anything but in love. I, too, hate that sexual fluidity is dismissed as "experimentation" (as though exploration of human sexuality is just a phase that normal people outgrow and settle into a tidy box) or else it's seen as a cop-out. I'd love for teens to be able to see characters who are discovering that sexual identity, attraction, and love can be more complex than a binary.ReplyDelete
I agree with Sophia, Elissa and many other of the brilliant commenters here.ReplyDelete
I think there are a lot of bi characters in LGBTQ YA fiction. But the characters aren't talking about the fact that they're bi. Because their bi-ness isn't their problem. Their problem is the part of them that's attracted to people of the same sex. The part of them that's attracted to people of the opposite sex is usually doing just fine.
Teen relationships move fast, and with a heavy amount of melodrama; when I was a teenager I wasn't stressing over whether I was attracted to boys or girls -- I figured out pretty quickly that I was attracted to both -- I was stressing over my attraction to this particular girl or boy, and how I could get them to like me back.
Anyway, I think all this is fascinating, and I'm so grateful to you for writing this post, Kody. In fact it inspired me to blog about bi teens in YA myself.
Would love to see more exploration of sexual identity issues across the board in YA.
Here are a few more YA titles with bisexual MCs: Ash by Malinda Lo, Girl from Mars by Tamara Bach, Geography Club by Brent Hartinger, and Mosh Pit by Kristyn Dunnion. Also, check out Ariel Schrag's comic-strip autobiographies, Awkward & Definition, which cover her early high school years. (In subsequent volumes that chronicle the latter part of her high school years, Schrag identifies more strongly as lesbian rather than bisexual.)ReplyDelete
So glad my link to Lee's blog was helpful!ReplyDelete
I see a lot books with whatever-sexual characters. Often, it is a side note rather than a major plot, but it does exist. I agree that it is not popular, for reasons I don't understand, but I do think it's out there more than you folks realize.ReplyDelete
First of all, I'd like to thank everyone for their wonderful book recommendations! I've already read a few of these, but I was happy to add many new ones to my list.ReplyDelete
Secondly, I'd like to recommend some of my own favorites. EMPRESS OF THE WORLD (which got mentioned briefly already) is a wonderful book with a bi main character, and deals with plenty besides just her sexuality.
Another one I love is CYCLER, by Lauren McLaughlin. Although the main character isn't bi, her main love interest is, and she has to deal with some mixed feels about that; her struggle and his characterization ring very true. She's also going through her own gender-issues; she physically changes into a guy, with a different personality, for a few days each month. The book brings up a lot of great gender issues, and is really a page-turner in its own right (I read it in one sitting, and instantly ran out to buy the squeal, which I actually liked even better).
The Mortal Instruments series also has a side character who is gay, and a minor character who is bi, and they're
Lastly, I wanted to throw my two cents in. We definitely need to see more books about bi and trans teens; these are aspects of the LGBTQ community which aren't even fully accepted in that community, and still face a lot of misunderstanding, prejudice, stereotyping, and the above-mentioned eraser phenomenon. These experiences are hard enough to face as adults; teens need all the help they can get (and, with the amount of cross-over happening now with YA books, these books can be really helpful to adults as well).
Another important aspect, I think, is the next step: LGBTQ characters in non-"issue" books. Mean, bi character in a dystopian world; trans character in a fantasy world. Gay superheroes. Lesbian werewolves. Part of supporting teens is showing them that not only are people dealing with their specific issues, but their also capable of all the problems and triumphs of straight and cis-gendered teens.
There are books out there already doing this; I've seen minor characters crop up in such books as THE MORTAL INSTRUMENTS series by Cassandra Clare and TITHE by Holly Black, but I still don't see many such books with the main character being LGBTQ. There are some, but I hope we can put many more out there in the future. As a member of the publishing industries, it's one of my personal dreams.
- AnonymousApril 1, 2011 at 11:51 AM
:Another important aspect, I think, is the next step: LGBTQ characters in non-"issue" books:ReplyDelete
We definitely need to see more of this. I think this is the best way to go. To put LGBTQ characters into stories that aren't primarily issued orientated.
Thoughtful post. Thanks.
I think LGBTQ fiction in general is hard to find, so people go to one side when they do get a book published...G or L...I know Jumpstart the World by Catherine Ryan Hyde has a trans character. I've seen a few others coming out recently too.ReplyDelete
As for Bi characters, I agree. There aren't many. My first thought was this book Lucky. But I forget the author's name. :( Sorry!
On a personal note, I'm actually working on an MS that I'd love to see published one day...one boy is gay, but the other is bi and that plays into some of the conflict.


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For the most current issue, Click Here. | To view the archives, Click Here.
The Royal Military Colleges Club of Canada is generally referred to as the RMC Club or simply as the Club. In essence, the RMC Club is the Alumni Association for all Canadian Military Colleges and their predecessors, comprising Royal Military College of Canada, Royal Military College Saint-Jean, and Royal Roads Military College which is now closed. Every individual that has received a College number is eligible to join the Club; additionally, there are provisions for Associates, Family members and Friends to join. The RMC Club is located in Panet House on the RMC campus in Kingston.
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German Elected Official Switches Parties To The Pirate Party
from the getting-some-attention... deptLast week, we noted that Germany may be following Australia down the very slippery slope of internet censorship with a secret blacklist of websites that ISPs must block. Not surprisingly, not all politicians in Germany support such a move, and one, Jorg Tauss, was apparently so upset by it, that he's left his own political party and signed on with the German Pirate Party instead, recognizing that being against such forms of censorship is a key plank of the party's platform. That said, the article notes that Tauss may not exactly be what the party is looking for, as he's under a cloud of speculation concerning a supposed investigation into child porn on his computer. He claims that the content was sent to him while he was investigating such content in his role as an elected official, but it could still raise questions, and pending the outcome of the investigation could potentially harm the Pirate Party's reputation if the story is different than his official one.
Filed Under: censorship, germany, jorg tauss, pirate party


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Hi Rex!
Josie did really well, and she got her first squirrel on the hike out. I had cub scout committee and den meetings last night, so now I can work on getting pictures loaded, I've got a bunch from Jeff & Jeremy, so moving them to the forums will happen soon.. It was good to see you man!
Here's Ori's info:
I'm not sure of his handle on here though..
Hi Rob: Could you share the Orie's contact info so I can contact him about the bino's I lost when I was unpacking my pack outside of the tepee.
I would also like to have your contact info.
Thanks, and tell Josie that I think she is a really trooper for making the hike in and and it was nice to have another female at the Rondy.
Have a great week.
Rex 719-338-8760
Senior Member
he kanaka pohaku
vBulletin Skins by Bluepearl Skins


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Preheat your oven to 220˚C/Gas 7. Season the tenderloin generously and sear it in a hot, oiled frying pan until golden brown on all sides. Transfer to the oven and cook for 15 mins, or until completely cooked through. Leave to rest somewhere warm for at least 5 mins before serving.
Keep in the fridge below 5˚C. If you're not going to eat it within a day or two, freeze your meat as soon as possible and always within the use by date. Once frozen, use within a month. Use on the day of defrosting.
Organic pig farmer
Our pork comes from Helen Browning at Eastbrook Farm in Wiltshire. Helen set up her farm over 27 years ago. She's a champion of organic farming and giving animals the best quality of life – in fact, she's Chief Executive of the Soil Association and spends much of her time campaigning for better animal welfare.
Helen's organic breeding herd of 200 sows are pure British Saddlebacks - a hardy, native breed that thrive outdoors, make great mothers and produce great flavoured pork. Boars are Large Whites, a typical UK outdoor reared cross. They counter the fat levels found in pure breed Saddlebacks, but not enough to change their special flavour.
Helen's pigs live in fields outdoors in family groups with loads of space and fresh ground to rootle around in. Even in the coldest, wettest weather, the pigs seem happiest outside foraging in the grass, clover and mud looking for roots, bugs and other treasure. They also have dry, warm 'arc' houses with plenty of fresh straw when they want to be cosy. Piglets are born outside in their arcs and weaned later than in conventional (non-organic) farming, so they are robust and independent by the time they leave their mothers.
If you want to see the pigs foraging for yourself, Eastbrook Farm welcome visitors to their farm for walks or guided tours. They also run an award winning pub, The Royal Oak.
Riverford butchery
We choose traditional breeds, which we believe give better flavour. We carefully hang and butcher the meat ourselves, then mature it for extra flavour and tenderness.


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Pros and Cons of Elevated Stands
Using a tree stand or another type of elevated stand for hunting is an effective and increasingly popular way to hunt. Hunting from an elevated position has many advantages; it can improve a hunter's field of view at the same time that it reduces the chances of being detected by game.
There are also risks, the most serious of which is the risk of falling from the stand. Most falls occur while a hunter is either climbing up or down a tree, and particularly when he or she is stepping onto or off a platform. Other mishaps occur when hunters fall out of the tree stand itself or when equipment fails.
Injuries can range from bumps and bruises to broken bones and permanent damage. Some falls even result in death. Learn proper, safe tree stand methods, and follow them every time your feet leave the ground.
Elevated Stand Types
Commercial stands that are manufactured, certified, and tested to industry standards are best. Homemade stands should not be used.