text:
JNCC collates information on protected areas in the UK and
Overseas Territories designated under international Conventions and
European Directives – principally Ramsar Sites, SACs and
SPAs. However, a range of other international and national
nature conservation and landscape designations exist in the UK.
This directory covers the main designations which exist in the
UK, split into those that confer some form of statutory protection,
and other designations. For each designation there is a short
description outlining its purpose and the level of protection
afforded to it, along with details of who is responsible for
establishing the sites, and further sources of information.
In England, Wales and Northern Ireland, the
primary purpose of the AONB designation is to conserve natural
beauty – which by statute includes wildlife, physiographic features
and cultural heritage as well as the more conventional concepts of
landscape and scenery. Account is taken of the need to
safeguard agriculture, forestry and other rural industries and the
economic and social needs of local communities. AONBs have
equivalent status to National Parks as far as conservation is
AONBs are designated under the National Parks and Access to the
Countryside Act 1949, amended in the Environment Act 1995. The
Countryside and Rights of Way Act 2000 clarifies the procedure and
purpose of designating AONBs.
Originally designated in Northern Ireland under the Amenity
Lands Act (Northern Ireland) 1965, AONBs are now designated under
the Nature Conservation and Amenity Lands Order (Northern Ireland)
In Scotland, National Scenic Areas are broadly
equivalent to AONBs.
Natural Resources WalesNorthern
Ireland Environment Agency
National Association of
Ireland Environment Agency
UK National Park links
Sanctuary Areas, originally designated under the Protection of
Birds Acts 1954, were amended to AoSPs under the Wildlife and
Countryside Act 1981. Designation aims to prevent the
disturbance and destruction of the birds for which the area was
identified, by making it unlawful to damage or destroy either the
birds or their nests and in some cases by prohibiting or
restricting access to the site.
Wildlife Refuges are equivalent to Areas of Special Protection
in Northern Ireland. The statutory provision of an area as a
'Wildlife Refuge' is a protection mechanism under the Wildlife
(Northern Ireland) Order 1985. It was intended that this
provision would replace that of Bird Sanctuary, established under
the Wild Birds Protection Act 1931. There are several coastal Bird
Sanctuaries in Northern Ireland but as yet no Wildlife Refuges have
been established.
The AoSP desigation was repealed in Scotland by the Wlildlife
and Natural Environment (Scotland) Act 2011.
Country Parks are statutorily declared and managed by local
authorities in England and Wales under the Countryside Act 1968 and
in Scotland under the Countryside (Scotland) Act 1967 (in Northern
Ireland Country Parks exist as a non-statutory designation).
They are primarily intended for recreation and leisure
opportunities close to population centres and do not necessarily
have any nature conservation importance. Nevertheless, many
are in areas of semi-natural habitat and so form a valuable network
of locations at which informal recreation and the natural
environment coexist.
Local authorities
Scottish Natural Heritage
Northern Ireland Environment Agency
Significant gardens and designed landscapes identified by
Scottish Natural Heritage and Historic Scotland for their natural
heritage and cultural importance. Inclusion in the Inventory
confers a measure of statutory planning control in relation to the
sites concerned and their setting through the Town and Country
Planning (General Development Procedure) (Scotland) Order 1992
(GDPO) and SDD Circular No 6/1992.
Resources Wales
Limestone Pavement Orders afford statutory protection for
limestone pavements under the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981. An
Order, created by the relevant local government authority,
prohibits the removal or damage of limestone within the designated
area, after notification of its importance by Natural England or
the Natural Resources Wales. Limestone pavements are
identified as a priority habitat in Annex I of the EC Habitats
Directive. Note: Section 34 of the 1891 Act (for limestone
pavement orders) was repealed in Scotland by the Nature
Conservation (Scotland) Act 2004.
Limestone Pavement Action
Under the National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act 1949
LNRs may be declared by local authorities after consultation with
the relevant statutory nature conservation agency. LNRs are
declared and managed for nature conservation, and provide
opportunities for research and education, or simply enjoying and
having contact with nature.
Natural England
Scottish Natural Heritage
Resources Wales
Marine Conservation Zones can be established to protect
nationally important marine wildlife, habitats, geology and
geomorphology and can be designated anywhere in English and Welsh
inshore and UK offshore waters. They are established under the
Marine and Coastal Access Act (2009). Marine Conservation Zones
will be one of six designations contributing to our ecologically
coherent network of marine protected areas.
Marine Conservation Zones
Marine Protected Area Network
The Scottish Ministers may designate Nature Conservation MPAs
under the Marine (Scotland) Act 2010. This complements the
MPA power introduced through the Marine and Coastal Access Act for
offshore waters around Scotland. These designations will
contribute to our ecologically coherent network of marine protected
areas which will include SACs and SPAs.
The Act also allows the Scottish Ministers to designate MPAs for
demonstration and research and for historic/cultural
Scottish Natural Heritage
The purpose of MNRs is to conserve marine flora and fauna and
geological features of special interest, while providing
opportunities for study of marine systems. They are a
mechanism for the protection of nationally important marine
(including subtidal) areas. Their designation requires the
agreement of statutory and voluntary bodies and interest groups.
There were three designated MNRs: Lundy Island (in England), Skomer
Island (in Wales) and Strangford Lough (in Northern Ireland). The
introduction of the Marine and Coastal Access Act (2009) has
meant that MNRs in England and Wales are to be replaced by Marine
Conservation Zones. Current Lundy Island is the only MNR to
have changed to MCZ and Strangford Lough remains Marine
Nature Reserves for the time being. Elsewhere, a number of
voluntary marine nature reserves (vMNRs) have been established by
agreement between non-governmental organisations, stakeholders and
user groups. These have no statutory basis.
Statutory MNRs are established under the Wildlife and Countryside
Act 1981 for England and Wales. In Northern Ireland they are
designated under the Nature Conservation and Amenity Lands
(Northern Ireland) Order 1985.
Statutory country nature conservation
Lundy Field Society
Northern Ireland Environment Agency
Resources Wales
NNRs contain examples of some of the most important natural and
semi-natural terrestrial and coastal ecosystems in Great
Britain. They are managed to conserve their habitats or to
provide special opportunities for scientific study of the habitats
communities and species represented within them.
In addition they may be managed to provide public recreation that
is compatible with their natural heritage interests.
NNRs are declared by the statutory country
conservation agencies under the National Parks and Access to the
Countryside Act 1949 and the Wildlife and Countryside Act
1981. In Northern Ireland, Nature Reserves are designated
under the Amenity Lands Act (Northern Ireland) 1965. In Scotland,
whilst SNH remains the statutory designating authority, decisions
to declare new NNR are shared with a Partnership Group of
interested organisations.
via Natual England
Scottish Natural Heritage
Resources Wales
Northern Ireland Environment Agency
In England and Wales, the purpose of National Parks is to
conserve and enhance landscapes within the countryside whilst
promoting public enjoyment of them and having regard for the social
and economic well being of those living within them.
The National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act 1949
established the National Park designation in England and
Wales. In addition, the Environment Act 1995 requires relevant
authorities to have regard for nature conservation. Special
Acts of Parliament may be used to establish statutory authorities
for their management (e.g. the Broads Authority was set up through
the Norfolk and Suffolk Broads Act 1988).
The National Parks (Scotland) Act 2000 enabled the establishment of
National Parks in Scotland. In addition to the two purposes
described above, National Parks in Scotland are designated to
promote the sustainable use of the natural resources of the area
and the sustainable social and economic development of its
communities. These purposes have equal weight and are to be
pursued collectively unless conservation interests are
National Resources WalesScottish
Association of National Park
Resources Wales
Scottish Natural Heritage
UK National Park links
Natura 2000 is the name of the European Union-wide network of
nature conservation sites established under the EC Habitats and
Birds Directives. This network will comprise Special Areas of
Conservation (SACs) and Special Protection Areas (SPAs). Marine
Natura 2000 sites contribute to our ecologically coherent network
of marine protected areas.
European Commission
EUROPA - The European Union
Scottish Natural Heritage
Marine Protected Area
Ramsar sites are designated under the Convention on
Wetlands of International Importance, agreed in Ramsar, Iran,
in 1971. Originally intended to protect sites of importance
especially as waterfowl habitat, the Convention has broadened its
scope over the years to cover all aspects of wetland conservation
and wise use, recognizing wetlands as ecosystems that are extremely
important for biodiversity conservation in general and for the
well-being of human communities. The Convention adopts a broad
definition of wetland, namely "areas of marsh, fen, peatland or
water, whether natural or artificial, permanent or temporary, with
water that is static or flowing, fresh, brackish or salt, including
areas of marine water the depth of which at low tide does not
exceed six metres". Wetlands "may incorporate riparian and coastal
zones adjacent to the wetlands, and islands or bodies of marine
water deeper than six metres at low tide lying within the
wetlands". Ramsar sites will be one of six designations
contributing to our ecologically coherent network of marine
protected areas.
The UK's ratification of the Convention extends to its Overseas
Territories and Crown Dependencies.
UK Government / Governments of Overseas Territories /
Crown Dependencies
Protected Sites
Marine Protected Area Network
Scottish Natural Heritage
Regional Parks are extensive areas of the countryside where
existing land uses continue but are managed by agreement with the
landowners to also allow for public access and informal recreation
and to protect local landscapes. Local Authority proposals
for the establishment of Regional Parks are designated upon the
confirmation by Scottish Ministers under the Countryside (Scotland)
Act 1967, as amended.
Scottish Ministers
Scottish Natural Heritage
The SSSI/ASSI series has developed since 1949 as the suite of
sites providing statutory protection for the best examples of the
UK's flora, fauna, or geological or physiographical features. These
sites are also used to underpin other national and international
nature conservation designations. Most SSSIs are privately-owned or
managed; others are owned or managed by public bodies or
non-government organisations.
The SSSIs/ASSI designation may extend into intertidal areas out
to the jurisdictional limit of local authorities, generally Mean
Low Water in England and Northern Ireland; Mean Low Water of Spring
tides in Scotland. In Wales, the limit is Mean Low Water for SSSIs
notified before 2002, and, for more recent notifications, the limit
of Lowest Astronomical Tides, where the features of interest extend
down to LAT. Boundaries sometimes extend more widely within
estuaries and other enclosed waters, and in England and Wales there
is specific provision for marine SSSIs/ASSIs beyond low water mark.
Under the Marine and Coastal Access Act 2009 there is the ability
to de-designate an area of a SSSI in England or Wales that is below
the low water mark if it would be more appropriately managed as a
Marine Conservation Zone. SSSIs will be one of six designations
contributing to our ecologically coherent network of marine
protected areas.
Originally notified under the National Parks and Access to the
Countryside Act 1949, SSSIs were re-notified under the Wildlife and
Countryside Act 1981. Improved provisions for the protection
and management of SSSIs were introduced by the Countryside and
Rights of Way Act 2000 (in England and Wales) and (in Scotland) by
the Nature Conservation (Scotland) Act 2004 and the Wildlife and
Natural Environment (Scotland) Act 2010.
ASSIs are notified under the Nature Conservation and Amenity
Lands (Northern Ireland) 1985. Measures to improve ASSI protection
and management are contained in the Environment (Northern Ireland)
Order 2002.
via Natural England
Scottish Natural Heritage
Resources Wales
Northern Ireland Environment Agency
Sites of Special Scientific Interest and Marine Conservation
Zones (Guidance Note 4)
SSI are sites of local and national importance containing
important botanical and/or zoological populations. Sites are
diverse in nature, ranging from dune to woodland and maritime
heathland. These SSIs are protected under Island Planning
(Jersey) Law 1964 (as amended). Sites with protected species
are protected under the Conservation of Wildlife (Jersey) Law 2000
(as amended).
Proposed SSIs are currently owned by various organisations and
are protected under the Conservation of Wildlife (Jersey) Law 2000
but are not protected by Island Planning Law (Jersey) 1964 (as
Sites administered and managed by the Island (Jersey)
Government, National Trust for Jersey and private land owners.
Jersey Government,
Environmental Services Unit
SACs are designated under the EC Habitats Directive. The
Directive applies to the UK and the overseas territory of
Gibraltar. SACs are areas which have been identified as best
representing the range and variety within the European Union of
habitats and (non-bird) species listed on Annexes I and II to the
Directive. SACs in terrestrial areas and territorial marine waters
out to 12 nautical miles are designated under the Conservation
(Natural Habitats, &c.) Regulations 1994 (as
amended). Beyond 12 nautical miles they are designated
under the Offshore Marine Conservation (Natural Habitats &c.)
Regulations 2007 (as amended). SACs will be one of six designations
contributing to our ecologically coherent network of marine
protected areas.
Sites which have been submitted to the European Commission by
Government, but not yet formally adopted by the Commission, are
referred to as candidate Special Areas of Conservation (cSACs).
Sites which have been adopted by the EC, but not yet formally
designated by governments of Member States are known as Sites of
Community Importance (SCIs). In the UK, designation of SACs is
devolved to the relevant administration within each country. In UK
offshore waters JNCC is responsible for identification and
recommendation to Government of SACs.
SACs, together with SPAs, form the Natura 2000 network
UK Government; Defra; Devolved administrations;
Government of Gibraltar
Protected Sites
SACs with marine
Marine Protected Area
Scottish Natural Heritage
SPAs are classified by the UK Government under the EC Birds
Directive. The Directive applies to the UK and the
overseas territory of Gibraltar. SPAs are areas of the most
important habitat for rare (listed on Annex I to the Directive) and
migratory birds within the European Union. SPAs in
terrestrial areas and territorial marine waters out to 12 nautical
miles are classified under the Wildlife and Countryside Act
1981 and beyond 12 nautical miles are designated under the Offshore
Marine Conservation (Natural Habitats &c.) Regulations 2007 (as
amended). SPAs will be one of six designations contributing to our
ecologically coherent network of Marine Protected Areas.
SPAs, together with SACs, form the Natura 2000 network.
Protected Sites
SPAs with marine
Marine Protected Area
Scottish Natural Heritage
World Heritage Sites are designated to meet the UK's commitments
under the World Heritage Convention. The UK's ratification of the
Convention also extends to its Overseas Territories and Crown
Dependencies. These sites are designated for their globally
important cultural or natural interest and require appropriate
management and protection measures. Natural properties may be
terrestrial or marine areas.
UK Government / UNESCO World Heritage
Department for Culture, Media and Sport
Scottish Natural Heritage
The requirement to designate AGLVs is set out in SDD Circular
2/1962. They are defined by local authorities in development plans
with a view to safeguarding areas of regional or local landscape
importance from inappropriate developments. A number of other
regional and local landscape designations are also used by local
authorities in Scotland, including Regional Scenic Area.
Biogenetic reserves act as 'living laboratories' and are
representative examples of various types of natural environment in
Europe. They can consist of natural or semi-natural habitats
and their selection is based on their value for nature conservation
and protected status based on four criteria: 'typical', 'unique',
'rare' and/or 'endangered' which can be applied to habitats or
species. The protected status must be adequate to ensure the
conservation or management of the sites in the long term in
accordance with fixed objectives.
Biosphere Reserves are areas of terrestrial and coastal
ecosystems promoting the conservation of biodiversity with
sustainable use. Biosphere reserves serve to demonstrate integrated
management of land, water and biodiversity.
UK Government/UNESCO
European Diploma Site (Category A) and European Diploma Site
(Category C)
The European Diploma is an award established by the Council of
Europe under Regulation (65) 6 of the Committee of Ministers of the
Council of Europe of 6 March 1965 for certain landscapes, reserves
and protected national features, and Resolution (73) 4 of 19
January 1973 on the Regulations for the European Diploma (amended
and revised by Resolution (88) 39 of 5 December 1988, (89) 12 of 19
June 1989 and (91) 16 of 17 June 1989).
By awarding the European Diploma, the Council of Europe
recognises that the area is of particular European interest for
natural-heritage and that the area is properly protected. The
Diploma can be awarded to national parks, nature reserves or
natural areas, sites or features. The award is for a
five-year period. Annual reports are required for each area,
and the renewal of the award at 5 years is only made after
independent assessment of the site. The Diploma can be
withdrawn at any time if the area comes under threat or suffers
serious damage.
UK Government / Council of Europe
EUROPA - The European Union On-line
Geological Conservation Review (GCR) and Earth Science
Conservation Review (ESCR) sites are non-statutory sites identified
by the statutory nature conservation agencies as having national or
international importance for earth science conservation on the
basis of their geology, palaeontology, mineralogy or
geomorphology. Although GCR/ESCR identification does not
itself give any statutory protection, many GCR/ESCR sites have been
notified as SSSIs/ASSIs.
Earth heritage
Earth Science Conservation
Scottish Natural Heritage
Geoparks are internationally-recognised areas encompassing one
or more sites of scientific importance in which the geological
heritage is safeguarded and sustainably managed, with strong local
UK authorities / UNESCO
International Network of Geoparks
Scottish Natural Heritage
A Heritage Coast is a section of coast exceeding one mile in
length that is of exceptionally fine scenic quality, substantially
undeveloped and containing features of special significance and
interest. The designation is agreed between local authorities
and (in England) the Countryside Agency or (in Wales) the
Countryside Council for Wales, as an aid to local authorities in
planning and managing their coastlines.
Local government authorities/ Natural England/Natural
Resources Wales
Resources Wales
Marine Consultation Areas are identified by Scottish Natural
Heritage as deserving particular distinction in respect of the
quality and sensitivity of the marine environment within
them. Their selection encourages coastal communities and
management bodies to be aware of marine conservation issues in the
area. Some MCA may be replaced by new Marine Protected Areas.
Scottish Natural Heritage
National Scenic Areas (NSAs) are designated by Scottish
Ministers as the best of Scotland's landscapes, deserving special
protection in the nation's interest. Scottish Ministers in
2010 confirmed 40 NSA under the provisions of The Town and Country
Planning (Scotland) Act 1997 (as amended in
Special development control measures for the 40 National Scenic
Areas in Scotland were introduced by the Scottish Development
Department through SDD Circular No 20/1980. National Planning
policy for NSAs is set out in Scottish Planning Policy.
NSAs are broadly equivalent to AONBs in England and Wales.
The National Trust (for England, Wales and Northern Ireland) and
the National Trust for Scotland are independent charities which
conserve the cultural, built and natural heritage of the UK. Both
National Trusts own or have protective covenants over land of
historic interest or natural beauty. Under the National Trust
Act (1907) and the National Trust for Scotland Order Confirmation
Acts 1935 and 1938 their holdings are inalienable and cannot be
sold or mortgaged. The Trusts have powers to create bylaws relating
to access and management of land.
Comparable independent bodies exist in a number of the UK's
Crown Dependencies and Overseas Territories, for example the
National Trust of Guernsey and the National Trust for Jersey.
The National Trust / The National Trust for
Natural Trust for Scotland
A variety of non-governmental organisations such as the John
Muir Trust, Plantlife, the Royal Society for the Protection of
Birds, Wildlife Trusts and Woodland Trust own or manage nature
reserves or other areas of land that are important for
biodiversity. These sites may be intended primarily for nature
conservation, and/or for other purposes such as protection of
landscape features or the provision public access to the
countryside. These areas of themselves have no statutory
basis, but a large number are also designated SSSIs / NNRs / SPAs /
SACs / Ramsar sites, etc.
Regionally Important Geological and Geomorphological Sites
(RIGS) are the most important places for geology and geomorphology
outside statutorily protected land such as Sites of Special
Scientific Interest (SSSI). Sites are selected under
locally-developed criteria, according to their value for education,
scientific study, historical significance or aesthetic qualities.
Whilst not benefiting from statutory protection, RIGS are
equivalent to local Wildlife Sites, and ''...consideration of
their importance becomes integral to the planning
In Scotland, RIGS may be described as Local Nature Conservation
Sites (LNCS).
Local government authorities
Sensitive Marine Areas (SMAs) are non-statutory marine areas
notable for their marine animal and plant communities or which
provide ecological support to adjacent statutory sites. A
further aim is to raise awareness and disseminate information to be
taken into account in estuarine and coastal management
planning. These areas rely on the co-operation of users and
local communities for sustainable management.
Natural England
Local authorities for any given area may designate certain areas
as being of local conservation interest. The criteria for
inclusion, and the level of protection provided, if any, may vary
between areas. Most individual counties have a similar
scheme, although they do vary.
These sites, which may be given various titles such as 'Listed
Wildlife Sites' (LWS), 'Local Nature Conservation Sites' (LNCS),
'Sites of Importance for Nature Conservation' (SINCs), or Sites of
Nature Conservation Importance' (SNCIs), together with statutory
designations, are defined in local and structure plans under the
Town and Country Planning system and are a material consideration
when planning applications are being determined.
Woodland Parks are similar to Forest Parks but are smaller in
scale and located near to centres of population. Forest
Parks, Forest Nature Reserves or Woodland Parks are identified and
managed by the Forestry Commission England, Forestry Commission
Scotland and Natural Resources Wales primarily for recreation
Forestry Commission England, Forestry Commission
Scotland and Natural Resources Wales
Forestry Commission
Northern Ireland Environment Agency


text:
Browsing Working Papers (INT) by Title
Previous Page
Now showing items 82-101 of 145Next Page
Exploring a New Indicator to Predict Financial PerformanceHallin, Carina Antonia; Tveterås, Sigbjørn; Andersen, Torben Juul (Frederiksberg, 2012)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper explores a new judgmental forecasting indicator, the Employee Sensed Operational Capabilities (ESOC). The purpose of the ESOC is to establish a practical prediction tool that can provide early signals about changes in financial performance by gauging frontline employees' sensing of changes in the firm's operational capabilities. We present the first stage of the development of ESOC by applying a formative measurement approach to test the index in relation to financial performance and against an organizational commitment scale. We use distributed lag models to test whether the ESOC can predict financial performance. Monthly data were collected from frontline employees in three different companies during an 18-month period, and the initial results indicate that the ESOChas predictive power. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8507
Files in this item: 1Hallin .pdf (479.4Kb)
Protectionism, Migration Control, and GlobalizationLorentzen, Jochen (København, 2003)[More information][Less information]
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6549
Files in this item: 1jl-wp6-2003.pdf (582.0Kb)
Strong Core Values, Delegation and AccountabilityJuul Andersen, Torben; Shaw, Gregory L. (Frederiksberg, 2014)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Purpose – The article brings attention to the importance of corporate values and concrete leadership enactment of those values as a necessary condition for effective risk management outcomes. Design/methodology/approach – The content is based on practice-based research experiences supported by relevant literatures on risk governance and values-based management complemented with insights from case analyses and empirical studies. Findings – The paper explains why formal risk management approaches have limitations and outlines how the presence of official policies and codes of conduct is insufficient to deal with dynamic and complex high-impact situations where strong core values heeded by the corporate leadership, in contrast, leads the way to better risk behaviors throughout the organization. Major disasters in British Petroleum over the past decade illustrate how a formal code of conduct failed to do the job when the leadership in reality gave first priority to profits at the expense of the stated environmental values. The prioritized code of the US Coast Guard is used to illustrate the circumstances where core values support effective crisis, disaster and risk management outcomes. Originality/value – The paper goes against conventional wisdom of imposing tighter rules and regulations with formal controls as a panacea to cope with major disasters and shows why simpler means of guiding core values combined with delegation of responsibility to act under unexpected conditions is important in both private and public enterprise. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/9009
Files in this item: 1JUUL ANDERSEN_WP 4 2014.pdf (508.9Kb)
Towards a Dynamic SynthesisHåkanson, Lars (København, 2005)[More information][Less information]
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6538
Files in this item: 1
Gammelgaard, Jens; Ritter, Thomas (København, 2003)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Previous discussions of knowledge transfers within multinational corporations (MNC's) tended to focus on the process as an isolated phenomenon, and the factors that impede these transfers. Less attention has been given to the identification and personal codification processes of knowledge prior to transfer. A model for understanding how knowledge is retrieved in MNC's is proposed in this paper, with a specific focus on the retrieval of information located in information technology (IT) systems. The model is derived from (1) a critical examination of knowledge management theory, and (2) the empirical research results gathered from Computer Sciences Corporation (CSC). Our survey of CSC reveals that the company is able to overcome the problem of identifying valuable knowledge in a geographical dispersed organization by establishing virtual communities of practice via its portal system. Virtual communities of practice are seen as a combination of the codification and the personalization strategies in this paper. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6551
Files in this item: 1jg-3.pdf (260.9Kb)
Gammelgaard, Jens; Husted, Kenneth; Michailova, Snejina (København, 2002)[More information][Less information]
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6529
Files in this item: 1nr.9 2002.pdf (281.3Kb)
Knowledge Spillovers from FDI and Positioning of CEECs in Times of a Global Shift in Production and InnovationA Policy PerspectiveJindra, Björn; Rojec, Matija (Warsaw, 2015)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The paper deals with policy issues of knowledge spillovers via foreign direct investment (FDI) to help positioning CEEC economies in global shift in production and innovation. CEEC economies successfully attracted some FDI in R&D. However, considerable misalignment between domestic and foreign technological accumulation exists. This is partly related to the heterogeneity of foreign subsidiaries but even more so to weak performance and governance of national innovation systems as well as poor coordination of FDI and policies in the field of science and technology (S&T). The paper reviews existing relevant policy areas such as linkage promotion, R&D capabilities and technological linkages, horizontal policies, training incentives, as well as industrial, technological and science parks. The paper argues that an increased policy focus on technological aspects would not only improve the potential for technological spillovers from FDI but also the absorption capability of domestic firms. A way forward is to coordinate FDI policy better with R&D, innovation, and regional policy instruments. In this case, CEEC economies can use FDI as means to realign their national innovation systems with global knowledge creation and diffusion. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/9231
Files in this item: 1Jindra_WP2.pdf (463.6Kb)
Pedersen, Torben; Petersen, Bent; Sharma, Deo (, 2003)[More information][Less information]
Files in this item: 1tp_knowledge20transfer.pdf (509.3Kb)
Are Entrant Firms Exposed to a 'Shock Effect'?Pedersen, Torben; Petersen, Bent (København, 2003)[More information][Less information]
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6557
Files in this item: 1int-wp-2-2003.pdf (231.2Kb)
implication of growing cross-border interdependenceNarula, Rajneesh (København, 2002)[More information][Less information]
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6606
Files in this item: 1rn-icc1.pdf (311.8Kb)
Barnes, Justin; Lorentzen, Jochen (København, 2003)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper addresses the innovation activities of automotive component manufacturers in South Africa. It looks at the technological trajectory of a handful of firms that stand out from the crowd and analyses the results of their endeavours in the context of their interaction with foreign capital, their internal upgrading and R&D agenda, and their interface with South Africa's national innovation system (NIS). The analysis makes use of eight case studies, and illustrates the conditions under which indigenous innovation in the automotive industries can happen in a developing country. This finding contradicts at least part of the conventional wisdom concerning the location of innovation activities in global car value chains. Results also point to a deficient NIS insofar as there appears to be a disjuncture between the demand for engineering competence in the manufacturing sector on the one hand and output from the tertiary education sector on the other. Open questions that need further attention include among others the overall functioning of the NIS, and changes over time in the perception of local innovation potential by car assemblers. Keywords: automotive industry, developing countries, technology transfer, technology accumulation, innovation. JEL Classification: L62, O31, O32. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6546
Files in this item: 1lorentzen_text_nov2003.pdf (547.2Kb)
A naked carnivalLi, Xin (, 2009)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper describes the current state of the management academia as a naked carnival, namely, most of the management researches have no such a clothes called practical relevance. It is intended to provide an explanation why management research has become irrelevant to the real management practice. It argues there are three factors behind the irrelevance problem: first, the 'scientific model' of management studies generates an initial and internal force which pushes the management research away from practice management studies supposed to serve; second, paradigm maintenance effort of the mainstream management scholars prevents the irrelevant management academia moving back towards management practice; third, the surrounding environment provides the management academia anything but a strong counter force to change the irrelevance reality. This paper also argues any solutions under the 'scientific model' are doomed to failure; and the only way out is to completely abandon the 'scientific model' and adopt a 'professional model' of management studies. Unfortunately, this paper argues such a radical change from within is highly unlikely to happen. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7826
Files in this item: 1wp1-2009-xl.pdf (264.4Kb)
an explanationPatibandla, Murali; Phani, B.V. (København, 2001)[More information][Less information]
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6527
Files in this item: 1wp2-2001-mp2.pdf (75.87Kb)
Promoting Rule Compliance and Good Governance PracticeGregoric, Aleksandra; Zajc, Katarina; Simoneti, Marko (København, 2007)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The paper re-examines the concerns on the rule-based governance in poor institutional environment. By relying on the theories and research vehicles of social psychology, we show that under certain conditions, the 'law on books' may still play role in governing market transactions, even though no formal enforcement applies. We furthermore expose the potential of the Corporate Governance Code as the 'signaling device' and provide arguments as to why this potential may be even stronger in an environment with relatively weak institutions in comparison to the developed market economies. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6531
Files in this item: 1wp9-2007.pdf (234.5Kb)
The Role of Technology in Sustainable Tourism GovernanceBudeanu, Adriana (Frederiksberg, 2012)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Tourism has a dualistic nature characterised on the one hand by a high resilience and constant growth and on the other hand by a short-term greed of "consuming" its own life support systems: nature, culture and communities (Snepenger, Snepenger, Dalbey, & Wessol, 2007). Both aspects are constantly spurred by the rapid changes in demand and the diversity of supply, and the intrinsic importance that tourism has gained in individual lifestyles and in national economies. In addition, the strong influence of globalization on the institutional, organizational and policy formulation (Hall, 2005), determines three major aspects of tourism: the expansion of demand, the concentration of supply and increased similarities in demand. (Cornelissen, 2005) Consequently, the fragile balance required by a sustainable tourism development (European Commission, 2003a), (UNEP / UNWTO / WMO, 2008) is often at risk from conflicting goals of conservation versus development plans for tourism. Mixed approaches that combine top-down governance models with bottom-up collaborative strategies and policy networks are considered able to provide resilient decision making systems able to cope with unexpected challenges or conflict situations. These are characterized by shared rule-making and agreements between interdependent actors with divergent opinions and goals (Elzen, Geels, & Ken, 2004). Ultimately, a significant progress towards sustainability can be achieved by fostering changes of meaning and concepts, infrastructures and user-learning processes (Ehrenfeld, 2001). URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8508
Files in this item: 1Budeanu.pdf (222.2Kb)
a comparisonSteen Knudsen, Jette; Dylla, Bronwyn (København, 2002)[More information][Less information]
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6558
Files in this item: 1jsk_mergerclearance.pdf (550.3Kb)
In Hungary, Czech Republic, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, and East Germany (including Berlin)Jindra, Björn; Marek, Philipp; Gauselmann, Andrea (Warsaw, 2015)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: With the integration of post-communist countries into the European and global economy after 1990, there was strong research interest into the role of multinational enterprises (MNEs) for economic restructuring and technological catching-up. Most of the existing empirical studies on locational determinants of FDI and host country effects did not take account of East Germany. This might be for different reasons: Firstly, theoretical and empirical difficulties derive from the fact that East Germany followed a distinct transition pattern as it became a region subsumed in a larger and more mature economy. Secondly, East Germany received private investment from foreign as well as West German firms. Only the first can be considered as a foreign direct investment (FDI). Finally, there had long been a lack of micro data to adequately analyse the activities of corresponding firms from a production as well as technological perspective. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/9230
Files in this item: 1Jindra_WP1.pdf (601.8Kb)
Determinants and MotivationsHobdari, Bersant; Sinani, Evis; Papanastassiou, Marina; Pearce, Robert (København, 2007)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Using a sample of 603 subsidiaries Chinese Multinational Corporations (MNCs) and 174 subsidiaries Indian MNCs, we explore the regional and industrial pattern of their direct investment strategies. Our analysis reveals several important facts. First, most of outward foeign direct investment (FDI) is directed in finance and real estate and services. Second, by far the majority of investment projects are carried out in the home region of Asia-Pacific. Third, outward FDI is highly concentrated geographically and the average investment project is relatively small. Fourth, establishment of subsidiaries is the most preferred way of carrying out FDI. Finally, firm-specific and location-specific characteristics are important drivers of FDI strategies. Last but not least, a large proportion of Chinese and Indian investments is conducted mainly within those countries themselves, revealing a strong multi- domestic character. Outward Foreign Direct Investment, Chinese Multinational Corporations, Indian Multinational Corporations, Market Seeking, Resource Seeking, Efficiency Seeking, Risk Diversification URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6548
Files in this item: 1chinaindiainvestmentstrategies.pdf (266.2Kb)
subsidiary technology embeddedness and performanceAndersson, Ulf; Forsgren, Mats; Pedersen, Torben (København, 1999)[More information][Less information]
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6621
Files in this item: 1wp3.pdf (99.28Kb)
the roles of knowledge sources and organizational instruments for knowledge creation and transferFoss, Nicolai Juul; Pedersen, Torben (København, 2001)[More information][Less information]
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6619
Files in this item: 1ivswp1201.pdf (449.9Kb)
Previous Page
Now showing items 82-101 of 145Next Page

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Stocky and dark overall. Short tail, triangular wings, and long, pointed bill. Close look reveals beautiful plumage. In breeding season, shows purple and green iridescence on body with yellow bill. In winter, bold white spots cover the entire body. Native to Europe; introduced to North America and other regions worldwide, where it is now abundant. Often in large flocks. Makes variety of squeaky vocalizations, and mimics other species. Visits feeders, and is often aggressive.
Sign in to see your stats
Choose a region to view Weekly Bar Chart
Your Online Guide To Birds And Bird Watching
Comprehensive life histories of North American breeding birds
Life histories of all species breeding in Mexico, Central America, and South America


text:
Metallica's Manager Wants to Spank Justin Bieber
Though it's unclear why a metal and rock manager cares so deeply about Justin Bieber, Peter Mensch, the handler for acts like Metallica and the Red Hot Chili Peppers, wants to spank him.
Is that how he keeps his own bands in line? Because we can't really see Anthony Kiedis going for that.
Mensch, like many, is pretty peeved at Bieber's recent string of both bad behavior and bad luck, which ranges from spitting on a neighbor and lunging at a paparazzo to having his pet monkey quarantined in Germany and lending his house and cars out to shady characters.
"His manager Scooter Braun is scared s---less," Mensch said of the Canadian phenom. "I don't know what Bieber's problem is."
In fairness to the pop prince, it could be argued that Bieber's problem, in comparison with Mensch's clients, is that he's a paparazzi target who peaked (or, arguably, is currently peaking) in the age of TMZ and a 24-hour news cycle -- something Metallica and the Red Hot Chili Peppers, through luck and timing, were able to avoid.
In any case, Mensch does, however, have an idea for a solution.
"I'd take Bieber to the woodshed and spank him."
While we're not going to go into the multitude of perverse puns we could have just made, Mensch appears to realize that corporal punishment not only isn't the answer, but may be a waste of time regardless of effectiveness.
As Mensch happily chirped, "His career is over in three years anyway."


text:
Institute for Ocean Conservation Science, Stony Brook University
Research by Dr. Mark Bond has included the study of marine protected areas, where sharks and their prey are off-limits to fishermen, to determine if they are home to more sharks than non-protected areas of the ocean.
As a child growing up in Cape Town, South Africa, I was always passionate about the marine environment and was an avid surfer, diver and kayaker. After an attack on my local beach, I wash hesitant about returning to the water. I harbored this fear of sharks until I was given an opportunity to work with them at a field station in the Bahamas. Once I spent some time in the water and worked with them I was able to see how impressive they are, not the creatures of nightmares that are portrayed in the media. Through studying them I became aware of just how threatened sharks are globally and what we must do to conserve them.
One highlights is when we caught and tagged a 2.7m great hammerhead shark on a line at Glover's Reef, Belize. The species is currently listed as endangered by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), as it is highly valued for its fins.
To date, this is the only shark of this species I have caught. I remember pulling up to the line and seeing two fins break the surface, but assumed this must just be two separate sharks close together on the line. As we worked closer we realized that this was in fact the dorsal and caudal fin of one large shark and our Captain Norlan yelled "Hammerheeeeeeaad!!" When we got her to the boat, I was relieved to see she was in good condition. We worked her up quickly, tagged her and sent on her way!
Dr. Bond positions one of the baited remote underwater video (BRUV) cameras, nicknamed "chum cams."
Dr. Mark Bond, Chief Scientist at Stony Brook University, and a colleague discuss initiatives and research programs funded by the Moore Bahamas Foundation, the Bahamian affiliate of conservationist Louis Bacon's Moore Charitable Foundation.
Dr. Mark Bond has included the study of marine protected areas, where sharks and their prey are off-limits to fishermen, to determine if they are home to more sharks than non-protected areas of the ocean.


text:
The New Jersey Historical Society
52 Park Place
Newark, NJ 07102-4302
The society's library has an excellent collection of published material, microfilms of New Jersey federal and state censuses (1855'85), tax rates (and published index), and so forth. The New Jersey Historical Society houses much manuscript material, including maps; cemetery, church, and military records; family Bibles; land indentures; and genealogies, as well as thousands of other original documents and papers. The society's quarterly, New Jersey History, was issued as Proceedings of The New Jersey Historical Society until 1967 (see New Jersey Periodicals, Newspapers, and Manuscript Collections). The society has also published a number of books on New Jersey history in a series of collections, many of which are mentioned in this chapter. See also Maude E. Johnson, 'Genealogical-Index to Books, Pamphlets, MSS., Etc., in The New Jersey Historical Society Library,' in the Proceedings, New Series, 8 (1923): 81-88, and 'Supplement,' 14 (1929): 129-44. A more modern guide to the society's manuscript collection is listed under Manuscripts, and the library's current director Chad Leinaweaver prepared 'Genealogical Research at the New Jersey Historical Society' for Archival Anecdotes (publication of the Friends of the Silvio O. Conte National Archives in Pittsfield, Mass.) 8 (2003): 8-11.


text:
By at June 30 2019 09:13:52
Use colour strategically. Colour in forms should be used with care - but used well it can really aid form completion and navigation. In general, yellow, for example, is a colour to avoid as much as possible - text set in yellow on a typical light background can be very hard to read - and people can find yellow aggressive.
Progressive revealing. When implemented well, progressive revealing gives interactive forms a head start over traditional paper forms. When asked a particular question in a form it may be the case that, depending a users response, they are asked a set of specific sub-questions, or alternatively routed to the next appropriate section of the form.


text:
Forms Jobs
The storm sewer system was designed to remove rainwater quickly for city streets to prevent flooding our yards and roadways. Anything that goes into a storm drain goes directly through a large pipe to the closest creek or stream. So keep yard waste, used motor oil, pet waste, litter, or any soap or chemical from entering the storm drain system.
We need your help! Please report anyone you spot putting anything which should not go into a storm drain by calling the Stormwater Pollution Hotline (336) 747-7480. In addition, please report any creek or stream that has an unusual smell or appearance!
Receive E-Mail Notification When New Information is Posted on this PageAs a member, enjoy the benefits of MyCityofWS, including your choice of newsletters, and notifications about events and site updates. Login and Manage Your Subscriptions Now.


text:
Full name Jacques Brunel
Born January 14, 1954
Current age 66 years 42 days
Major teams Perpignan, Italy
Other Coach
Jacques Brunel is a former French rugby player who went on to make his name as a coach.
Brunel made his mark as coach Colomiers, with whom he won the European Challenge Cup in 1998. He repeated this achievement two years later with Pau before being welcomed into the French national set-up. From 2001 to 2007 Brunel coached the forwards under France head coach Bernard Laporte.
Brunel helped Perpignan to the French Top 14 title in 2008/09 and they reached the final again a year later, only to be defeated by previous victims Clermont Auvergne. Perpignan struggled to maintain that run in the following season and, along with disappointing showings in Europe, Brunel departed the club in 2011.
Following the Rugby World Cup in New Zealand Brunel is named as the successor to Nick Mallet as head coach of Italy.
Communication error please reload the page.


text:
Learn about the financial aid Verification process and the steps that are required if you are selected for Verification.
Learn when and how financial aid is awarded.
Find out how to accept your aid, and how and when you will receive your financial aid award.
Wondering when you'll receive your financial aid? Refer to these charts for estimated disbursement dates.
View general information you should know as a financial aid award recipient. This page also notes deadlines and restrictions regarding your eligibility for financial aid.
The number of scheduled class hours per semester, certification of your attendance in class and attending other institutions can all impact your eligibility for financial aid.


text:
Just Like Jesse James dress.
"Your heart is down for the count and you know you're gonna lose it
Tonight you're gonna go down in flames"
Silver and pink sequined dress pairs with your favorite moto jacket. (And chunky boots!) NWT -- this is a steal!
Stretch knit covered in silver, pink, and magenta sequins.
Designer: Sequin Hearts
Sizing: US Womens Small
Flat Measurements:
16" pit to pit, 32" length
Wrapped in our BOHOkinky tissue paper, tied with twine and hangtag. Ready for gifting!
We are set up for PayPal and Etsy Payments.
I ship within 2 business days of payment, sometimes sooner, but allow a little time for us to package your new treasure with care.
Shipping from United States
I ship via USPS. All garments are wrapped in tissue paper to protect during shipping. Perfect for gift giving!
Returns & Exchanges
I don't accept returns, exchanges, or cancellations
But please contact me if you have any problems with your order.
Returns and exchange details
All items are vintage. I do my best to list sizing information, as well apparel measurements on each listing. Please be aware that vintage sizing is very different than modern sizing - you must refer to measurements to ensure the best fit.
I do not accept returns for this reason.
All items should be laundered either handwash cold (in Woolite) and hang dry, or dryclean only to protect the vintage fibers.
All items are vintage. Many have been re-imagined into something modern and beautiful. Custom creations are possible, so do inquire!


text:
Bobby Bowden's grandson killed in crash
Grandson of former Florida State University football coach dies
WINTER HAVEN, Fla. – The grandson of former Florida State University football coach Bobby Bowden has died in a car crash in Central Florida.
Taylor Bowden was the passenger in a car that flipped and landed upside down in a body of water Thursday morning in Polk County.
"My entire family and I are mourning the loss of our son, Taylor "T.J." Bowden, who was killed in a tragic car accident early this morning," said Jeff Bowden in a statement. "I can't express the grief I feel right now. Please keep us in your prayers."
The 25-year-old driver of the car, Rafael Fernandes De Aguiar Valim, was also killed but a second passenger, identified as 22-year-old Robert Lewis Edwards, survived.
Edwards was rescued by crews who heard him crying for help. He spent hours in water up to his neck and was being treated for hypothermia.
Bobby Bowden released the following statement:
"Ann and I received the sad news early this afternoon that our grandson, Taylor "T.J." Bowden, the youngest son of our son Jeffery, was killed this morning when the vehicle he was riding in with two friends overturned in a pond. The driver was also killed, but miraculously, after several hours in the water, the passenger in the backseat survived and was rescued. Our whole family had just celebrated Christmas together in Panama City, as well as celebrated T.J.'s graduation from Florida State just three weeks ago. We will cherish those last memories together with T.J. forever."
"We are thankful to everyone who has already sent their love, support and prayers during this time of great loss and sadness for our family," said Terry Bowden and family members in a statement. "Taylor, 'T.J.,' will forever be in our hearts."
The details of the crash are being investigated, but the sheriff's office reports that alcohol appears to be a factor.
Watch Local 6 News and stay with ClickOrlando.com for updates on this story.
Copyright 2013 by ClickOrlando.com. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.


text:
February 18th, 2002 by eugene
Samsung SpinPoint P40
Readers may remember that when we reviewed our first Samsung units we found them to have stellar access times which translated to high IOMeter scores. Unfortunately, tools such as IPEAK SPT indicate that IOMeter's results don't necessarily correlate to the speed that users may experience in a typical single-user, desktop environment. Previously-reviewed units such as the SpinPoint V20400, V30, and P20 have yielded sub-par WinBench 99 scores and, more importantly, decidedly mediocre SR Desktop DriveMark 2002 results.
Samsung's 7200 RPM performance-series drive has evolved into a 40 GB/platter unit designed to compete with other contemporary disks. Designated SpinPoint P40, the flagship SP8004 utilizes two platters to yield a flagship capacity of 80 gigabytes. Like much of the competition, Samsung specs the drive's average read seek time at 8.9 milliseconds. Also standard is the unit's 2-megabyte buffer.
With its 7200 RPM spindle speed, the SV8004 targets high-performance desktops and entry-level servers. As a result, it goes head-to-head with drives such as Western Digital's Caviar WD1200BB, Maxtor's DiamondMax Plus D740X, and Seagate's Barracuda ATA IV. An industry-standard 3-year warranty protects the drive.
Can the P40 break Samsung's recent trend of lackluster performance? Let's put it to the test and see how it fares!
Low-Level Results
For diagnostic purposes only, StorageReview measures the following low-level parameters:
Average Read Access Time- An average of 25,000 random accesses of a single sector each conducted through IPEAK SPT's AnalyzeDisk suite. The high sample size permits a much more accurate reading than most typical benchmarks deliver and provides an excellent figure with which one may contrast the claimed access time (claimed seek time + the drive spindle speed's average rotational latency) provided by manufacturers.
WB99 Disk/Read Transfer Rate - Begin- The sequential transfer rate attained by the outermost zones in the hard disk. The figure typically represents the highest sustained transfer rate a drive delivers.
WB99 Disk/Read Transfer Rate - End- The sequential transfer rate attained by the innermost zones in the hard disk. The figure typically represents the lowest sustained transfer rate a drive delivers.
For more information, please click here.
Note: Scores on top are better.
|SP8004 Average Read Service Time
|SP8004 Average Write Service Time
The SpinPoint P40 delivers an average read access time of 13.6 milliseconds, approximately the same as that of its predecessor, the SpinPoint P20. Subtracting 4.2 milliseconds to account for the rotational latency of a 7200 RPM drive yields a measured seek time of 9.4 milliseconds… 0.5 ms off of Samsung's claim. As a result, the drive's seek time is in line with offerings from Western Digital but trails the impressive seeks delivered by Maxtor's latest drive.
An average write service time of 14.5 milliseconds for the P40 is again similar to Samsung's previous offering. Such a score once more lags Maxtor's drive while pacing those from Western Digital.
Note: Scores on top are better.
|SP8004 Transfer Rate
Outer-zone transfer rates for the P40 weigh in at 43.4 MB/sec, enough to best offerings from Maxtor and Seagate but trailing the 49 MB/sec of the category-leading Western Digital drives. When considering inner-zone rates, the Samsung slides a bit, ceding ground to Seagate while maintaining par with the DiamondMax.
Let's turn now to high-level desktop performance.
Single-User Performance
StorageReview uses the following tests to assess non-server use:
StorageReview.com Office DriveMark 2002- A capture of 30 minutes of actual computer productivity use that exactingly recreates a typical office-style multitasking environment. The applications include: Outlook XP, Word XP, Excel XP, PowerPoint XP, Calypso (a freeware e-mail client), SecureCRT v3.3 (a telnet/SSH client), CuteFTP Pro v1.0 (an FTP/SSH client), ICQ 2000b), Palm Hotsync 4.0, Gravity 2.3 (a Usenet/newsgroups client), PaintShop Pro v7.0, Media Player v8 for the occasional MP3, and Internet Explorer 6.0.
StorageReview.com High-End DriveMark 2002- A capture of VeriTest's Content Creation Winstone 2001 suite. Applications include Adobe Photoshop v5.5, Adobe Premiere v5.1, Macromedia Director v8.0, Macromedia Dreamweaver v3.0, Netscape Navigator v4.73, and Sonic Foundry Sound Forge v4.5. Unlike typical productivity applications, high-end audio- and video- editing programs are run in a more serial and less multitasked manner. The High-End DriveMark includes significantly more sequential transfers and write (as opposed to read) operations.
StorageReview.com Bootup DriveMark 2002- A capture of the rather unusual Windows XP bootup process. Windows XP's boot procedure involves significantly different access patterns and queue depths than those found in other disk accesses. This test recreates Windows XP's bootup from the initial bootstrap load all the way to initialization and loading of the following memory-resident utilities: Dimension4 (a time synchronizer), Norton Antivirus 2002 AutoProtect, Palm Hotsync v4.0, and ICQ 2000b.
StorageReview.com Gaming DriveMark 2002- A weighted average of the disk accesses featured in five popular PC games: Lionhead's Black & White v1.1, Valve's Half-Life: Counterstrike v1.3, Blizzard's Diablo 2: Lord of Destruction v1.09b, Maxis's The Sims: House Party v1.0, and Epic's Unreal Tournament v4.36. Games, of course, are not multitasked- all five titles were run in a serial fashion featuring approximately half an hour of play time per game.
For more information, please click here.
Note: Scores on top are better.
The SpinPoint P40's StorageReview.com Office DriveMark 2002 of 261 I/Os per second delivers an impressive gain of 36% when contrasted with its own predecessor. Unfortunately the increase isn't quite enough to bear down on the twin-performing Maxtor D740X and Seagate's Cuda IV, both of which the Samsung trails by about 12%. The margin only widens when contrasting the P40 vs. WD's category-leading WD1200BB.
A similar situation arises in the SR High-End DriveMark 2002. Though the P40 delivers a whopping 53% improvement over the P20, it still trails drives from the competition. The margin between the P40 vs. the Maxtor and Seagate units is much more modest however … around 5%. The Caviar WD1200BB remains out of reach for Samsung's drive.
When it comes to a typical Windows XP bootup sequence, the P40 is on par with Maxtor's drive. The D740X isn't exactly a stellar performer here, however, as Seagate's 'Cuda IV differentiates itself here by pulling substantially ahead. WD's disk, however, outraces all.
Finally, in the Gaming DriveMark 2002, the situation is quite similar to that of the Office DriveMark- the P40 trails the D740X and 'Cuda IV and really lags the WD1200BB.
Multi-User Performance
StorageReview uses the following tests to assess server performance:
StorageReview.com File Server DriveMark 2002- A mix of synthetically-created reads and writes through IOMeter that attempts to model the heavily random access that a dedicated file server experiences. Individual tests are run under loads with 1 I/O, 4 I/Os, 16 I/Os, and 64 I/Os outstanding. The Server DriveMark is a convenient at-a-glance figure derived from the weighted average of results obtained from the four different loads.
StorageReview.com Web Server DriveMark 2002- A mix of synthetically-created reads through IOMeter that attempts to model the heavily random access that a dedicated web server experiences. Individual tests are run under loads with 1 I/O, 4 I/Os, 16 I/Os, and 64 I/Os outstanding. The Server DriveMark is a convenient at-a-glance figure derived from the weighted average of results obtained from the four different loads.
For more information click here.
Note: Scores on top are better.
In an interesting contrast to the SpinPoint P40's desktop-performance improvements over the P20, it actually regresses slightly when it comes to highly-random server performance. The P40's File Server DriveMark 2002 trails that of the P20 by about 4%. A smaller gap arises in the Web Server DriveMark 2002. Here the P40 lags by an insignificant 2%. Speaking of insignificance, despite consistently minute differences, all contenders perform similarly in server situations. Similarly well, or similarly poorly when contrasted with the average SCSI drive ;).
Legacy Performance
eTesting Lab's WinBench 99 Disk WinMark tests are benchmarks that attempt to measure desktop performance through a rather dated recording of high-level applications. Despite their age, the Disk WinMarks are somewhat of an industry standard. The following results serve only as a reference; SR does not factor them into final judgments and recommends that readers do the same.
Note: Scores on top are better.
Heat and Noise
Idle Noise- The sound pressure emitted from a drive measured at a distance of 18 millimeters. The close-field measurement allows for increased resolution between drive sound pressures and eliminates interactions from outside environmental noise. Note that while the measurement is an A-weighted decibel score that weighs frequencies in proportion to human ear sensitivity, a low score does not necessarily predict whether or not a drive will exhibit a high-pitch whine that some may find intrusive. Conversely, a high score does not necessarily indicate that the drive exhibits an intrusive noise envelope.
Net Drive Temperature- The highest temperature recorded from a 16-point sample of a drive's top plate after it has been under heavy load for 80 minutes. The figures provided are net temperatures representing the difference between the measured drive temperature and ambient temperature.
For more information, please click here.
Note: Scores on top are better.
Samsung's drives have historically excelled when it came to environmental issues such as noise and heat. With an objective idle noise of 44.5 dB/A @ 18 millimeters, the SpinPoint P40 pegs in quite well compared to Maxtor's and WD's drives. Seagate's Barracuda ATA IV, however, bests all with its impressively lower noise floor.
Subjectively speaking, however, when other system noises are factored in, the difference between the 'Cuda IV and P40 is not noticeable. Seeks are also unobtrusive. Make no mistake, the P40 continues Samsung's tradition of quiet drives.
The P40's net operating temperature of 17.8 degrees Celsius, while substantially higher than the very cool-running P20, nonetheless remains the coolest of the pack. One should have few problems in integrating the SpinPoint in all but the most cramped of cases.
The SpinPoint P40 represents a substantial improvement over its lethargic predecessors. As a result, I regret pointing out that the drive still doesn't match up with current offerings from Seagate and Maxtor. Sure the WD1200BB outpaces all, but it's also available only in 120 GB capacities. The P40, however, remains nonetheless challenged by similar capacity offerings in the Barracuda ATA IV and DiamondMax Plus D740X lines.
The P40 performs like a very good 5400 RPM unit rather than competing with 7200 RPM drives; those looking for performance without WD's 120 gigs or price are better off with the D740X or 'Cuda IV. The P40's improvements over the P20 hopefully signal renewed attention to performance by Samsung- let's hope the next drive in the series goes for the gold!


text:
In an alternate universe, Snoop Dogg became a motivational speaker but kept his same writing style and preference for verse. Lyrically NSFW.
More good stuff:
Guerrillas on the London Underground
The London Underground has long been the playground for photoshoppers doctoring existing signs or adding their own [Link]
Photography: The Blow Job Project
Lithuanian photographerTadao Cern likes to subject his participants' faces to extreme wind [Link]
Amazon review of the week
Cracking review Mr Small – he of the Mr Men [Link]
On Twitter @BanksyIdeas
The R&D dept at Banksy HQ has a parody account [Link]
Discover more internet gold every day at The Poke


text:
Retailer of new and used DJ lighting, Sound Systems & Accessories. Full shop facilities and main dealer accounts.
Use this control to limit the display of threads to those newer than the specified time frame.
Allows you to choose the data by which the thread list will be sorted.
Order threads in...
Note: when sorting by date, 'descending order' will show the newest results first.
Forum Rules


text:
Interviewing Techniques Workshop
Building: Academic Building
Room Number: 1300/ Workforce Entry Center/ PA CareerLink
Date: February 14, 2020
Time: 01:00 pm End Time: 03:00 pm
Event Category: Career Services
Division Host: Workforce Entry Center / PA CareerLink
Success of a job interview depends on how well you have prepared to sell yourself. Learn what hiring managers want to see in a candidate, what type of questions will be asked and how they should be answered. Learn about "behavior-based" interviewing, how to ace a phone interview and how to manage the post-interview experience to ensure a positive outcome. Advance registration and enrollment on www.pacareerlink.pa.gov is required for all orientation and workshop sessions.
Please call 610-723-1220 or visit the Workforce Entry Center/PA CareerLink® in Room 1300 on the Delaware County Community College Marple Campus - 901 Media Line Road, Media, PA 19063.


text:
Incorporate your fence in your holiday decorations
As many people begin to decorate their home for the holidays, consider these tips for including your fence in your display.
One traditional way to decorate your fence for the holidays is to string lights along it. These lights can add sparkle to your yard.
If you don't want to add lights to your fence, displaying bows on the posts can create a classic look for the season.
If you like figurines, you might want to consider adding Santas and other holiday characters along your fence.
Since the fence offers a flat surface, you can also attach holiday-themed posters and other flat decorations to the fence to create a mural in your yard.


text:
UConn's Nolan trying to become a force inside
Recommended Video:
STORRS -- The bright lime-green sneakers caught everyone's attention on First Night at Gampel Pavilion, but Phil Nolan's game is what will maintain fans' interest during the season.
"I think they helped me out a lot," Nolan said about his fluorescent footwear.
For UConn basketball fans, the 6-foot-10 sophomore can wear just about anything if he can help fill what has been perceived as the Huskies' biggest need -- a solid big man -- going into the season.
"I need one big man to step up and just separate themselves," UConn coach Kevin Ollie said. "I'd like to have two, three, four of them separate themselves, but I need one, and if not, we'll do it by committee.
"They know exactly, I made it real plain and simplified it a lot, that how to get minutes is rebound."
Nolan can start making his case tonight when UConn hosts Southern Connecticut State at Gampel (7 p.m.) in the first of two exhibition games prior to the Nov. 8 opener against Maryland at the Barclays Center.
"I feel pretty confident," Nolan said. "Last year in my first college season, I had a little success on the court. This year, I gained a couple pounds over the summer, and I'm still working on it.
"(Last) week I gained three extra pounds, so I'm working on it."
Nolan averaged 1.4 points and 2.1 rebounds in 23 games his first season, but finished strong. In the final three games, he averaged 28 minutes with 4.0 points and 6.3 rebounds.
"It was something to build off and then he stuck around in the summer," said associate head coach Glen Miller, who works with the UConn frontcourt. "He had a good summer. He's primed to show some improvement this year and help us much more."
In order to pack on the pounds -- Nolan says he weighs 225 after playing at 212 last season -- the center has used multiple methods.
"Lifting weights, chowing down," Nolan said. "Our (strength coach), he's on me."
Nolan spent a portion of the summer playing for the East Coast All-Stars in the Four Nations Cup in Estonia. The team went 2-1 in the competition and took third place. Among the other players on the team were Syracuse's Rakim Christmas and Mike Gbinije, Providence's Kadeem Batts and Louisville's Russ Smith.
"It was pretty good competition over there," Nolan said.
The competition has been even better for the starting center spot in UConn's preseason practices, with Nolan battling freshmen Amida Brimah and Kentan Facey along with senior Tyler Olander for the job.
"Every single day, everyone is going at each other," Nolan said. "We are all working hard in practice. We all want that starting spot.
"We are going to see who is going to get it at the end of the day."
With a year of experience and some added weight, Nolan appears better equipped to flex his muscles inside for the Huskies.
"His biggest assets are his athleticism and how he runs the floor," Miller said. "He's really built on that. He's run the floor real well, especially on the fast break, and he's developed some post moves, too.
"I think he comes back this year stronger physically. His endurance is better and he's able to play more plays at a high level in a row," Miller added. "A lot of freshmen take plays off here and there, but he's playing a more complete game ... and he's doing everything a lot better."
email@example.com; http://twitter.com/wspaxton; http://blog.ctnews.com/paxton/


text:
You are about to enter a website that may contain content of an adult nature.
Hello everyone, this is Indian cam girl Margo4U here. I'm 41 year old Female speak English in the Indian live sex chat action. HELLO!!!IM MARGO AND I WILL BE YOUR DESIRES!!SPH,ORAL, ANAL, STOKINGS, ROLE-PLAY GAMES, MISS, SLUT, WHORE.. HELLO EVERYBODY!IM MARGO AND I WILL BE YOUR DIRTY DESIRES!COME IN MY WORLD.... ANAL, ORAL, PUSSYPLAY, DOGGYSTILE... I HAVE A PERFECT ANAL SHOW FOR YOU...I LIKE DIRTY GAMES... is my expertise and also what I will do in Indian live sex private show. I have Gray eyes, Medium Blonde hairs and my measurements are 38-65-98. For Turn ons: ORAL, ANAL, STOKINGS, ROLE-PLAY GAMES, MIS, SLUT, WHRE, SQUIRT, I ADORE WHEN MEN SLAPS MY ASS CUM ON MY FACE OR IN MOUTH. I LIKE SWALLOW... SMALL PENIS HUMILIATION REALLY TURNS ME ON, NOTHING BETTER THEN MAKING FUN OF A COCK THAT LOOK. For TurnsOff: I DONT LIKELIAR, DUMB, CREEPY, RUDE AND FAKE PPL WITHOUT MANNERS..AND MEMBERS WHO ENTER PRIVATE WITH WORDS "SHOW PUSSY" WILL BE BANNED...IF YOU WANT 1 SEC PUSSY GO LOOK AT FREE PORNO ON THE INTERNET. If you prefer kinks, then Shaved, are mine. I'm just hungry for a HARD cock, can't wait to see u in my Indian webcam sex chat room! :)
This website contains live indian sex cams, desi cams, hindi cam and tamil sex chat related sexually explicit content.
You must be at least 18 years of age to enter this website.
© Since 2012 myindiansexcams.com Indian Sex Chat Network All Rights Reserved
AllHosts1 - AllHosts2 - AllHosts3 - AllHosts4 - AllHosts5 - AllHosts6 - AllHosts7 - AllHosts8 - AllHosts9 - AllHosts10 - AllHosts11 - AllHosts12


text:
How to help massacre victims' families
United Way, Red Cross provide online donation options
MIAMI – The Red Cross and Untied Way are pitching in to help the devastated community of Newtown, Connecticut.
Red Cross volunteers are already on the ground. Of the 50 Red Cross trained workers helping families with the aftermath of the tragedy, a third are mental health professionals.
Volunteers in Connecticut spoke with Local 10's Christina Vazquez over the phone and said many of them were previously in the New York area to help people affected by super storm Sandy. While the needs of Sandy victims were tangible, the families of the massacre victims need emotional support. That's why the Red Cross has established emergency grief counseling centers to help victims' families, members of the community and first responders.
Red Cross public affairs volunteer Jim Guidone arrived to Newtown Saturday morning from him home in North Carolina. Guidone told Vazquez people are asking for help with their loved ones.
"They are coming in uniquely in families. Not individuals, but entire families -- mothers, fathers, sons and daughters -- they are coming in together," said Guidone.
Donations to support the effort can be made on the Red Cross web site.
The United Way of Western Connecticut, in partnership with Newtown Savings Bank, has established an official fund to help victim's families and the community. According to the organization's website, "While the eyes of the world may be on Newtown/Sandy Hook, to several staff, volunteers and contributors, Newtown is home. We will stand with the community and everyone affected directly and indirectly by this tragic event as we face the days and weeks ahead."
Donations to the fund can be made on the United Way of Western Connecticut's web site.
Check donations may be mailed to Sandy Hook School Support Fund c/o Newtown Savings Bank, 39 Main Street, Newtown, CT 06470.
In addition to helping organizations on the ground, some people are reacting to the tragedy by asking what changes the government can make to prevent school shootings. A section of the White House's web site is filled with petitions people have started in response to the massacre.
Copyright 2012 by Post-Newsweek Stations. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed


text:
I just got an email from CES (the Consumer Electronics Show) that said one of their "Tech Zones" was going to be GoElectricDrive:
That's sponsored by the Electric Drive Transportation Association, and Tesla is on the Board of that organization. So, will Tesla have a presence at the show?
Let's hope that they will have a presence there. Would be nice. Tesla Motors can use all the attention it can get, I think.
That suggests starving for attention. Very untrue!!


text:
Ian Hutchinson has sustained a fractured femur following a crash on lap two of the Senior TT.
The Bingley rider came off his Tyco BMW machine at the 27th Milestone on the Mountain section of the course. The race was red flagged and will be restarted over four laps at 5.15pm.
He was taken by air ambulance to Nobles Hospital in Douglas but was later flown to Liverpool for further treatment.
Hutchinson had been holding second place behind Peter Hickman by only 0.184s at Ramsey before the incident occurred. The English rider was bidding for his third victory of the week after winning the Superbike and Superstock races for Ulster's TAS Racing team.
It is a bitter blow for Hutchinson, whose career was almost ended by a badly broken leg sustained in a crash in a British championship race at Silverstone in 2010.


text:
Inside Africa takes its viewers on a journey across Africa, exploring the true diversity and depth of different cultures, countries and regions.
(CNN) -- Polio victims are not an uncommon sight in Accra. The poorest of them often make a living from begging, weaving through the Ghanaian capital's traffic on homemade skateboards, seeking handouts from passing motorists. It's not an easy life.
"Going amongst the cars, it's very dangerous," attests Aminu Yaro, aka Smallee, a polio survivor who moved to the city from Niger.
"Some drivers' brakes might fail and the car could run you down."
While during the week, many choose to ignore these men, and the deftness they exhibit when navigating the roads, on Sundays, Ghanians turn up in the hundreds to watch them play a sport that could one day be a hit on the Paralympic circuit: skate soccer.
"When Saturday comes, I go to sleep early, because I know tomorrow morning I'm going to play ball," says Yaro.
Yaro is a member of the Rolling Rockets, a team of about 40 polio survivors. As many have limited use of their legs, the men play their version of soccer on skateboards, and hit the ball with their hands.
'Bigger than me'
For Albert Frimpong, the team's coach and sole financier, skate soccer is more than just a game -- it's a potential means to get these men off the streets.
"Initially, the idea was to get them to stop begging, to improve their lives. I was hoping to use the soccer as a way to set up business- and income-generating projects for them," says Frimpong.
Read: This is the world's toughest bike race
As an able-bodied man, Frimpong says that the first challenge was getting the men to trust him.
"Every time they saw me approaching, they would vanish," he recalls. "People have exploited them for so long, they thought that I was going to do the same."
Since starting the team nine years ago, Frimpong says he has nearly bankrupted himself, paying not just for equipment and transportation, but for the men's food and medicine.
"It got to the point that I ended up owing so many people money, some took me to the police station," he says.
"I took upon myself something bigger than me. But the game has progressed and there's joy in the lives of these people."
Frimpong's ultimate dream is to purchase some land and set up a community where the men could train, farm and earn an honest living.
"Yes, it's farfetched," he admits. "But it's a dream."
Into the limelight
Lately, the sport has attracted international attention.
Last month, Chevrolet released Rolling On, a short documentary about the team that makes up part of a digital and social media campaign around the World Cup and the car company's Man United sponsorship. Chevrolet enlisted award-winning director Baff Akoto to create the spot.
"(The Rolling Rockets) play really hard. It's not pedestrian," says Akoto.
"The dynamics of the game might be different, but there's as much athleticism, grace, skill, commitment and kamikaze enthusiasm as in any able-bodied game."
In 2012, the story of the Rolling Rockets inspired a Kickstarter campaign for a subsequent documentary: Rollaball.
The film's director, Eddie Edwards, says that his interest in the players is lost on some Ghanians.
"When I was filming, I would often get approached by the police, who would say, 'why are you interested in these guys? They're just thieves. Why do you give them so much attention?"
Through filming and getting to know the men, Edwards says he has learned to appreciate just how misunderstood the men are.
"A lot of these guys come from poor backgrounds, and either their families couldn't afford to put them through school, or else they were completely neglected and forced to live on the streets. But they have a great sense of humor, a great sense of camaraderie and a great sense of brotherhood," he says.
The price of fame
Edwards, who has spent years filming the men, says that their increased notoriety has been a bit of a "double-edged sword." For some of the men, he admits, the fame has gone to their heads.
"As the team's gotten more popular, one of the guys, No Fear, has started to behave like Wayne Rooney. He's started to really bling it up and changed his hairstyle," says Edwards.
Their fame, however, has done little to boost their income.
"Publicity is good, but it hasn't given us any reward in terms of finance," says Frimpong.
"Anyone who comes to film them gives us enough for transportation and to pay for their water, but by the time the game is over, the money is finished."
Unfortunately, not everyone realizes that fame doesn't necessarily equal cash.
"People in traffic sometimes recognize them from TV and think they're making money from their appearances and that they don't deserve to be helped," says Edwards.
Read: This is the world's toughest bike race
Read: Running 220km through a desert
Read: 11 ways to see Africa from the air


text:
Meet The Medical Experts
The DeTar Healthcare System Expert Services:
• DeTar Healthcare System affirms its commitment to behavioral health by opening DeTar Mental Health Lifestyle Center.
• The DeTar Lifestyle Center is designed to serve adults with a primary mental health diagnosis such as depression, bipolar disorder or schizophrenia. These individuals are stable but need intense psychiatric services to help them integrate successfully into an outpatient setting within their communities.
• The Lifestyle Center provides adults with therapeutic psychiatric services when inpatient hospitalization is not necessary or no longer required but traditional outpatient services are too limited for the individual's needs.
• A multidisciplinary team of professionals in psychiatry, nursing and counseling provide group and individual treatment to empower patients to be more successful in their daily lives.
• In Victoria and surrounding counties, access to psychiatric care is difficult because of a shortage of psychiatrists and behavioral health programs in our county. DeTar Healthcare System offers the only inpatient facility; however, age restrictions prevent accessibility to all patients needing this level of care. Furthermore, when patients leave an inpatient psychiatric hospital setting, the only transitional care option available is not comprehensive enough to prevent re-hospitalization.
• The DeTar Lifestyle Center bridges the continuum of care gap affecting those who need a transitional program.
• The under-treated behavioral health patient is as problem for our community. Individuals without access to therapeutic intervention often present to already crowded hospital Emergency Departments for costly stabilization of their symptoms or enter the criminal justice system where their long-term needs go untreated.
• The outpatient approach at the DeTar Lifestyle Center allows participants to secure the care they need with minimal disruption to their daily life.
• This new Center will improve access to behavioral health care resources in our region, reduce overcrowding in EDs and lower costs associated with overuse of hospital-based services.
• DeTar Healthcare System is the sole local provider of hospital-based behavioral health services for individuals living with psychiatric disorders.
• As with all health care services, costs are based on each individual's particular needs. The DeTar Lifestyle Center will work with all clients regardless of their ability to pay for services.
A note from the Medical Expert: William R. Blanchard, FACHE
"The DeTar Healthcare System has delivered high quality and compassionate healthcare to the residents of our community for more than 80 years, and we remain committed to delivering the care you need for many years to come. We continue to add new services and advanced technology that enable us to keep pace with the ever-changing world of healthcare and so that we can provide you with the care you deserve right here at home.
This past year we have added an accredited Chest Pain Center to our emergency department, robotic-assisted and bariatric surgery programs to our surgery department, and we continue to be the leader in obstetrics in our community. We are very excited about our progress and know that our success is due to the dynamic relationship we share with our employees, physicians, volunteers and community.
Again, thank you for choosing the DeTar Healthcare System. We wish you well."
-William R. Blanchard, FACHE


text:
Division of Epidemiology and Disease Prevention
The IHS Flu website is now available at https://www.ihs.gov/flu/
IHS Mission Statement
The mission of the Indian Health Service is to raise the health status of the American Indian and Alaska Native people to the highest level possible. The Division of Epidemiology functions as the leading office in IHS for disease epidemiology, prevention and control activities for general infectious and chronic diseases as well as the following specific health conditions: cancer, tobacco use, breast and cervical cancer, vaccine-preventable diseases, sexually-transmitted diseases, and disease outbreaks. Additional activities of the Division include providing high level, responsive expertise on public health subject matter and methods, and strengthening the capacity for, and practice of, public health through mentor, training and development of a network of proactive, responsive tribally-operated epidemiology centers for tribes and regions.