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"I have kidney cancer. What now?"
This site contains information from scientists and physicians who are experts in understanding and treating kidney cancer. The goal is to help you beat cancer by making you smarter.
How is this possible? Your ability to think, to use information, and to make choices about treatment can help bend the odds in your favor. Visiting this website is the first step.
This page provides you with brief background information about kidney cancer and some immediate resources that may be helpful and information that follows is much more in-depth, ranging from current surgical and therapeutic approaches to practical advice for living with cancer day to day.
Improving your health starts right now!
Let's Begin
Sometimes kidney cancer is called by its medical name, renal cell carcinoma. Renal is from the Latin word renalis for kidneys. Kidney cancer includes various forms, including clear cell, papillary, sarcomatoid, transitional cell, and others. These will be explained in more detail later.
Some patients are diagnosed before the cancer has metastasized (spread) to other parts of the body, while others have metastatic disease when their cancer is initially diagnosed. Surgery may be the first course of treatment, or systemic treatment — that is, a treatment that is injected into the bloodstream or swallowed — may be recommended prior to surgery (though this tends to be rare). If surgery is done first, additional treatment may be recommended to delay the cancer's return, or to treat metastatic disease.
The choice of treatment, where treatment is administered, the frequency of check-ups, and many other aspects of the management of your disease are determined with input from you. The more you know, the better your decisions, and the more you can feel in control of your illness. Knowledge about your disease will help you better communicate with your doctor and nurse, and increase your confidence in the treatment that you receive. Getting smarter about kidney cancer is an important step in effectively fighting your disease.
How to Learn More about Kidney Cancer
Your Doctor
Your own doctor can be one of the best sources of information about your disease and its treatment. Doctors that specialize in treating cancer are known as oncologists. After an initial diagnosis is made, don't be afraid to ask your oncologist many questions. You should also consider getting a second opinion from another doctor who is a kidney cancer specialist. If you do not know the name of a specialist, you may obtain names from the Kidney Cancer Association. Your doctor won't be offended if you seek a second opinion. It is common practice. In fact, your doctor often gives second opinions to colleagues. You may not need to have tests repeated because often the results of your previous tests can be sent to the second doctor. Rarely will a second opinion change your diagnosis, but it can give you useful information and fresh insights about treatment alternatives. In addition, your insurance company may require a second opinion. If you are in a health maintenance organization (HMO), you should find out about its policy concerning second opinions. You'll find more information about working with your doctor later.
The Kidney Cancer Association
The Kidney Cancer Association is available to assist you in many ways, including providing written information on the disease, treatment options, and resources. You can contact us by telephone to speak with a nurse who can help you. This website has valuable information that you can read, print, or share with family and friends.
Other Patients
Kidney cancer patients can learn a great deal from one another. The best way to do that is to attend a patient meeting sponsored by the Kidney Cancer Association or support groups sponsored by your local hospital. Support groups provide excellent open environments for frank exchange with other patients and professional counselors. Our message board and Facebook® Fan Page are good resources, too.
The National Cancer Information Service
No matter where you live in the United States, you can call 1-800-4-CANCER, the toll-free telephone number of the National Cancer Information Service. This information service is provided by the National Cancer Institute (NCI), which is part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH). The NIH is operated by the US Department of Health and Human Services. You can ask for a variety of free booklets.
Other Websites
There are many other websites that can help you understand the disease and its diagnosis, treatment options, dealing with the illness and side effects of treatment, work and coping with a life-threatening diagnosis. You must be careful because some medical information on the Internet is posted by nonprofessionals and is not reliable. Always check the site to learn more about the source of any information provided. Look for well-known, established sources online and don't rely on any one website. Reputable sites with reliable information for patients are sometimes accredited (approved) by a governing body such as the "Health on the NET." In any case, use common sense and compare sites carefully before considering online material.
Once you have a basic understanding of your disease, you may want to go to the library and dig into medical books and journals. More and more research is being done as scientists and physicians gain new knowledge about how kidney cancer develops and spreads, in order to improve our ability to treat and cure more patients. Nursing literature may be helpful to understand the treatment options and management of side effects. The amount of research on kidney cancer being presented at national and international physician and nursing conferences and published literature reporting research results has increased significantly in the past five years. There are many meetings devoted to education and open dialogue and researchers are continually discovering new information about kidney cancer. Doctors and nurses will provide you with this information as they discuss treatment options appropriate for you, and care for you during the course of your treatments.
Genetic Causes of Kidney Cancer
Genetic factors have been linked to an increased risk of developing kidney cancer. A hereditary disorder called von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease is associated with a high risk of developing kidney cancer, for example. Scientists have isolated the gene responsible for VHL disease, and this discovery offers exciting future possibilities for improved diagnosis and treatment of some kidney cancers. Another genetic mutation is thought to be responsible for tuberous sclerosis, a disease characterized by small tumors of the blood vessels that results in numerous bumps on the skin, mental retardation, seizures, and cysts in the kidneys, liver, and pancreas. In some cases, tuberous sclerosis has been associated with renal cell carcinoma. Birt Hogg Dube Syndrome (BHD) is another disorder associated with kidney cancer that is characterized by the presence of multiple small bumps (nodules) on the skin covering the nose, cheeks, forehead, ears, and neck. For more information about these genetic factors, as well as HLRCC and HPRCC, please click here.
External Factors
Some external factors, such as smoking and obesity, have been related to a higher incidence of kidney cancer. In an attempt to answer the question "Why me?" some people want to determine such factors as a cause for their cancer. Although it is important for people to know what factors or behaviors are associated with an increased risk of kidney cancer, blaming yourself for past behavior is neither helpful nor healing. The fact that a person's behavior included a risk factor such as smoking doesn't necessarily mean the factor caused the cancer.
Information and Fear
Some patients don't think that actively seeking information about their disease will do any good. They think that whatever their doctor says is all they want or need to know. Others are afraid to learn more about kidney cancer. Information about survival statistics particularly frightens them. It is important, however, to remember that these statistics are based on population averages and are often several years old by the time they are published. Therefore, the most up-to-date information and factors that affect the risks and benefits of treatment may not be published. Your doctor and nurse will give this information to you. Asking questions is a very important way to reduce fear and anxiety and is the only way to truly empower yourself to make the best decisions for you and your family.
Some patients believe that information about kidney cancer is presented in complicated medical terms they won't be able to understanding. But a great deal of information, including the resources recommended in this booklet, is specifically written for patients in easy-to-read language that requires no specialized training to understand. Your doctors and nurses will be very willing to answer your questions, because the more you understand the better you will be able to participate as an active member of your health-care team.
We think that learning more about the disease and your treatment choices will help you. History has shown that assertive patients who actively work to overcome cancer often increase the odds of survival, live longer, and enjoy life more. You can be a passive victim or an active fighter. The choice is yours. Our recommendation is to fight.
Don't surrender!
This section offers a comprehensive look at types, symptoms, treatments and much more. Use this page to formulate questions for your physician about the status of your kidney cancer.
According to the American Cancer Society (ACS), well over one million new cases of cancer are diagnosed each year in the United States. In recent years, the percentage of cases involving kidney cancer have made up only about 3% of the total (in 2005 more than 36,000 new kidney cancer cases were diagnosed.)
Kidney cancer occurs roughly twice as often in males as in females. 12,660 people died from this disease in 2005. However, more than 100,000 kidney cancer survivors are living in the United States right now, according to ACS. These statistics include both adults and children and include all forms of kidney cancer.
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common type of kidney cancer. In terms of all cancers, renal cell carcinoma is relatively rare, representing about 3% of all adult cancers. It is usually treated initially with surgery to remove the tumor. If caught in early stages, the chance that it will return is low. Unfortunately, it has few symptoms in its early stages so it is usually undiagnosed or misdiagnosed and not detected until the tumor has grown fairly large. At that point, it displaces other nearby organs, causing symptoms. Many kidney (renal) tumors are found incidentally on x-rays or ultrasound examinations performed for reasons that don't relate to the tumor or any of its potential symptoms.
Thirty percent of kidney cancer patients show signs of advanced RCC when diagnosed. Fifteen to 25 percent of patients have metastatic disease at the time of their diagnosis, meaning their cancer has spread to other areas of the body.
The most common symptom of kidney cancer is painless urination of blood, a condition known as hematuria. This symptom occurs in 40% to 50% of patients. Often, blood in the urine will occur one day and not the next. (Note that blood in the urine can indicate other diseases besides kidney cancer, such as kidney stones. When blood in the urine does occur, a doctor should evaluate this symptom immediately.)
Other common symptoms of kidney cancer include the presence of an abdominal mass, a hard lump or a thickening or bulging under the skin that can be seen or felt as the tumor grows. There also may be back or flank pain or pressure. Kidney cancer occurs most often in men between the age of 40 and 60. Since back pain is common among people over 40 years of age, such pain is often ignored and the presence of kidney cancer can go undetected.
If the tumor has spread to distant organs, symptoms may vary, depending on the specific organ affected, though patients may notice unexplained weight loss, fevers, anemia, or high blood pressure. The following list includes symptoms patients describe at the time of their diagnosis. This demonstrates how common some symptoms are, and how infrequent others are.
Renal cell carcinoma symptoms
|Blood in the urine
|Abdominal mass
|Back or flank pain
|Weight loss
|Low blood counts (anemia)
|Tumor calcification on x-ray
|Symptoms of metastases
|High calcium in blood
|High blood counts
Subtypes of Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC)
Not all kidney cancers are the same. There is an increasing understanding among clinicians and researchers that there are different subtypes of RCC and that they behave quite differently, both with regard to how aggressive they are in the patient and how they respond to treatment. Ten or fifteen years ago, it was common for a pathology report from a patient with kidney cancer to read simply "Renal Cell Carcinoma." This simple diagnosis is now thought to be incomplete. Identification of the specific subtype or cell type (histology) of the kidney cancer can be as important in determining patient prognosis as knowing the stage or grade of the RCC. Your doctor should give you information regarding the histology, grade and stage of your kidney cancer. If not, you should feel comfortable asking for this information since it is an important part of your treatment planning.
The subtypes of RCC come from the description of the cell's appearance and other characteristics. They include:
Clear Cell (conventional) RCC
This is the most common form of kidney cancer and represents between 66% and 75% of all cases. Clear cell RCC is the cell type associated with the von Hippel Lindau (VHL) gene mutation in hereditary kidney cancer. In fact, approximately 70% of non-hereditary cases of clear cell RCC also have aVHL mutation. Much of today's research, which is attempting to identify new effective treatments for patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease, is focused on this disease subtype since it is the most common type of RCC. When the tumor has not spread, prognosis is very good following surgical excision. Prognosis for the patient is directly related to both the cancer's stage (tumor size and rate of growth) and grade (the characteristics of a tumor's cell structure). Staging and grading are both explained later in this chapter. Patients with metastatic clear cell RCC – or a tumor that has spread to other parts of the body – have a significantly poorer prognosis.
Papillary RCC
This is the second most common form of kidney cancer, making up approximately 15% of cases. Papillary RCC itself is divided into two subtypes based on cell appearance: Type I (5%) and Type II (10%). There is an increased incidence of papillary RCC in African Americans and an increased incidence of bilateral disease (involving both kidneys) associated with this subtype. There are also hereditary forms of both Type I and Type II papillary RCC. When papillary RCC has not spread, surgical removal is usually associated with an excellent prognosis. However, when papillary RCC metastasizes to other locations in the body, most conventional therapies for RCC, such as immunotherapy are ineffective.
Chromophobe RCC
This rare form of kidney cancer represents approximately 5% of RCC cases. This type of RCC is thought to originate from the same cell type as those that form renal oncocytomas (see below). Hybrid tumors that contain features of both chromophobe RCC and renal oncocytoma have also been diagnosed. There is a familial or inherited form of chromophobe RCC (in association with renal oncocytoma) called Birt Hogg Dubé syndrome, which is also associated with a specific genetic mutation. Chromophobe RCC rarely metastasizes until very late in its clinical course, and surgical removal of localized or even locally advanced disease is usually associated with an excellent prognosis. Metastatic chromophobe RCC is quite rare, and no standard therapy currently exists.
Renal Oncocytoma
This is a benign tumor of the kidney that makes up approximately 5% of all kidney tumors. These tumors do not metastasize, although they can grow to a large size in the kidney and invade local structures, which can result in symptoms requiring surgery. They are thought to be related to chromophobe RCC, and it can be quite difficult to differentiate the two. The tumor is treated by a partial or complete removal of the kidney.
Unclassified RCC
Less than 1% of renal cell carcinomas are an unclassified type and are very rare. They don't fit into one of the more common subtypes of RCC listed above. When examined under a microscope, these unclassified cancer cells have a structure and genetic features that don't match the description of the more common RCC subtypes. This category usually includes aggressive tumors that do not respond to traditional therapy for RCC.
Collecting Duct Carcinoma
This is a rare and very aggressive variant of kidney cancer that represents less than 1% of cases. This form of RCC is usually metastatic at the time of diagnosis, and is more common in younger individuals. Treatment has been directed at using chemotherapy-based regimens, similar to those used in the treatment of transitional cell carcinoma (see below), as these tumors do not respond to traditional RCC therapies such as bioimmunotherapy.
Sarcomatoid RCC
This condition, known as "differentiation," can occur with any of the common RCC subtypes. The term refers to the fact that the RCC cells — when viewed under the microscope — have the appearance of sarcoma cells. The percentage of sarcomatoid differentiation is usually reflected in the tumor's pathology report and relates to the tumor's aggressiveness. The prognosis associated with Sarcomatoid RCC is usually poor. The condition is found frequently in patients whose kidney cancer has metastasized widely. This form of kidney cancer is sometimes treated with chemotherapy.
Transitional Cell Carcinoma of the Kidney
Transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the kidney is a rare and potentially very aggressive tumor that should not be considered a true kidney cancer, but instead should be grouped with those cancers that develop from cells that line the urinary tract. This includes TCC of the urinary bladder, which is far more common than TCC of the kidney. If the cancer has not spread, the tumor can be treated by surgical removal of both the kidney and its ureter, although recurrences of TCC in the bladder are common. When the tumor is large or has metastasized, the prognosis is extremely poor, and treatment options are similar to those for metastatic urinary bladder cancer, which includes chemotherapy.
Translocation renal cell carcinoma
Also described as TFE3 rearranged renal cell carcinoma, Xp11 translocation PEComa, melanotic Xp11 translocation cancer, t(6;11) translocation renal cell carcinoma, and TFEB rearranged renal cell carcinoma, and MiT family translocation carcinoma. There is so standard treatment protocol for patients with MiT family translocation RCC. Ongoing studies will work to identify prognostic factors and therapeutic targets.
Renal medullary carcinoma (RMC)
- Renal medullary carcinoma (RMC) is an extremely rare variant of kidney cancer that affects young patients who carry the sickle cell trait, or more rarely, have sickle cell disease. Typical presentations include young African Americans who present with flank pain and blood in their urine. Most commonly, these cancers are widely metastatic at presentation and patients may present with symptoms related to their metastatic disease. These cancers tend to behave in a very aggressive manner and prognosis often is poor, even with treatment. We, at the Kidney Cancer Association, would strongly urge patients with these symptoms and who harbor the sickle cell trait to contact a major tertiary cancer care center or a National Cancer Institute designated Cancer Center for a multidisciplinary treatment approach that may include surgery as well as chemotherapy. Because of the rarity of these tumors, uniform treatment guidelines have not been established. Please contact the Kidney Cancer Association for further information and an appropriate referral in your area.
Detection, Diagnosis and Staging
Because kidney cancer may spread to other parts of your body, it is important to be very thorough in testing for its presence. Your doctor may order some or all of a variety of tests that are available to determine the extent of your cancer and to develop your treatment plan.
Your doctor may use different approaches to diagnose RCC, depending on the symptoms you display. All approaches begin with a careful physical examination, combined with a complete discussion of past and present medical problems.
Certain tests may be done to assist your doctor in determining the correct diagnosis. The most common tests that may be ordered include:
Computed Tomography (CT scan)
A CT scan is a highly specialized x-ray that is used to visualize internal organs and provides a very accurate cross section picture of specific areas of the body. It is used as one of the primary imaging tools for the assessment of RCC. If the initial sign of the tumor is a mass or thickening in the kidney area detected on an x-ray taken for other reasons, or seen or felt from the outside of the body, a CT scan is often ordered.
CT scans are more detailed then ordinary x-rays, taking pictures of your organs one thin slice at a time from different angles. Then a computer puts the images together to show the size and location of any abnormalities. To enhance the image of the abdominal organs, dye may be taken orally (by mouth) before the scan. An IV may also be placed for injection of additional contrast dye. There is generally no pain associated with the CT scan, although the IV dye may cause a hot flushing sensation. Some people may also experience an allergic reaction to IV dye (also called IV contrast), especially individuals who are allergic to iodine. Depending on the part of the body visualized, dietary restrictions may be required prior to the procedure.
CT scanning technology has recently been improved by development of a method called spiral CT scanning. This type of CT scan is faster and gives a better image than older CT methods.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
An MRI is a highly specialized scan that is similar to a CT scan, but may be better suited for assessing certain areas of the body, such as the bones. It creates an accurate cross-section picture of specific organs within the body, to allow for a layer-by-layer examination. An MRI is usually not a painful procedure. Because it uses a powerful magnet to produce the images, people with metal within their body — such as prosthetic hip replacements, pacemakers, or metal plates — should discuss the use of an MRI with their physician and the MRI technician before the scan is performed. The test may require the patient to lie still for a long time usually in a narrow space, which may be difficult for some people who do not like closed in spaces. MRI scans are often used in cases where CT scans may not be able to view an area of the body well enough.
Bone scan
A bone scan is used to check for the spread of cancer to the bones. It is done by injecting small amounts of a special radioactive material through a vein into your bloodstream. This material is carried to the bone, where it collects in areas where there is a lot of bone activity. The test can identify both cancerous and non-cancerous diseases but the test can't distinguish between cancer and other conditions such as arthritis when used it is used alone. Therefore other tests may be needed, such as x-rays or CT scans.
PET scan (Positron Emission Tomography)
A PET scan is a very specialized diagnostic study that provides information about how extensively a cancer has spread, based on certain activities of the cells. PET scans are typically used for breast, colorectal, ovarian, lymphoma, lung, melanoma, and head & neck cancer. The effectiveness of PET scans for kidney cancer is still being studied.
Unlike CT and MRI scans, which produce images of internal organs or other structures, a PET scan produces images based on the chemical and physiological changes related to a cell's metabolism. This is important because chemical and physiological changes in the cells often occur before structural changes in tissues can be seen. The result is that PET scans can help distinguish benign from malignant tumors and help doctors determine the stage of cancer spread in the patient. PET scans can also measure whether or not treatment therapies are working. PET scans are quite often used in combination with CT and MRI scans. A PET scan can last from 15 minutes to 2 hours, depending on the area of the body being scanned.
Ultrasonography (ultrasound or US)
If there is blood in the urine, an ultrasound of the abdomen with special attention to the kidneys, ureters, and bladder may be ordered. Usually no preparation is needed for this test, and it is generally not uncomfortable. It utilizes sound waves to produce images of internal organs, helping the radiologist detect any masses that may be present. A wand called a transducer is passed over the skin, and emits sound waves that are detected as echoes bouncing back off internal organs. The echo-pattern images produced by kidney tumors look different from those of normal kidney tissue. This test may be used for initial diagnosis of a kidney mass or to help visualize a mass when a fine needle biopsy is done (see Biopsy Procedure).
Intravenous pyelogram (IVP)
An intravenous pyelogram (IVP) test may also be used. Special dye is injected into a blood vessel, usually in the arm. The dye circulates through the blood stream to the different organs of the body including the kidneys. X-rays are taken of the kidneys as the dye circulates through them. This will identify any abnormalities within the kidney. If either the ultrasound or IVP is abnormal, a CT scan may be ordered.
Chest X-ray
A plain x-ray of the chest may be done to see if the cancer has spread to the lungs. If something is seen on the x-ray, the doctor may order a CT scan of the chest to help determine what it is.
This procedure is used to visualize location and function of arteries. A catheter is usually threaded up a large artery in the leg into an artery leading to your kidney (renal artery). A contrast dye is then injected into the artery to outline blood vessels. Angiography can outline the blood vessels that supply a kidney tumor, which can help a surgeon better plan an operation. Angiography may also help diagnose renal cancers since the blood vessels supplying tumors usually look different than the normal blood supply to the kidney.
Biopsy Procedure
If, after diagnostic tests are completed, there is a strong clinical suspicion that the kidney mass is cancerous (malignant), surgical removal of the kidney (nephrectomy) will be performed immediately. If the diagnostic test results are not clear, a biopsy may be performed. During a biopsy procedure a small sample of tissue is removed from the mass and examined to determine whether it is benign or malignant. There are several ways to perform a biopsy of a kidney mass, though the most common method is a procedure called a fine needle aspiration (FNA) or fine needle biopsy. Using ultrasound or a CT scanner for guidance, the doctor will insert a long thin needle through the skin, directly into the mass, and remove the sample tissue. This is generally not an uncomfortable procedure. A pathologist will evaluate the biopsy tissue under a microscope to determine whether it is benign or malignant. If it is malignant, the pathologist also will identify the histology, or cell type.
If there is clear evidence of widespread metastasis at the time of the discovery of the kidney mass, a biopsy may be taken from an area of metastasis, instead of from the kidney. This may be recommended to reduce risk of bleeding, if the metastatic area is more easily accessible than the kidney.
Other Tests
In addition to the tests described above, your doctor may order one or more of the following lab tests to complete your evaluation.
Urinalysis is usually part of a complete physical exam. Microscopic and chemical tests are performed that will detect small amounts of blood and other substances not seen with the naked eye. About half of all patients with renal cell cancer will have blood in their urine. Microscopic examination of urine samples (called urine cytology) can also detect cancer cells in the urine.
Blood tests
A complete blood count and chemical test of the blood can detect findings associated with RCC. Anemia (too few red blood cells) is very common. Erythrocytosis (too many red blood cells) may also occur because some of these renal cancers produce a hormone (erythropoietin) that can increase red blood cell production by the bone marrow.
High levels of liver function enzymes in the blood (for reasons not known) and hypercalcemia (high calcium levels) sometimes occur.
The Role of Staging and Grading
Staging of a cancer is the process of classifying how far a cancer has spread, while grading determines the characteristics and make up of the cancer's cells. The two systems play different roles, but both staging and grading are important predictors of the course of the disease and treatment effectiveness (prognosis). They are useful tools in determining what therapy is appropriate and the chance of treatment success.
Certain imaging tests, including CT and MRI scans, can help determine staging. Blood tests will also be done to evaluate your overall health and to detect whether the cancer has spread to certain organs.
A staging system is a standardized way in which the cancer care team describes the extent of the cancer. The most commonly used staging system was developed by the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC)
American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) TNM Staging System
The AJCC staging system is based on the evaluation of the tumor size on the kidney (T), the number of lymph nodes (N) and the extent of metastisis (M). Evaluation of the T, N and M components is followed by a stage grouping.
The T component designates the size of the tumor. The numerical value increases with tumor size and extent of invasiveness. The letter T followed by a number from 0 to 3 describes the tumor's size and spread to nearby tissues. Some of these numbers are further subdivided with letters, such as T1a and T1b. Higher T numbers indicate a larger tumor and/or more extensive spread to tissues near the kidney.
The N component designates the presence or absence of tumor in the regional lymph nodes. In some sites there is an increasing numerical valued based on size, fixation, or capsular invasion. In other sites, numerical value is based on multiple node involvement or number of location and the regional lymph nodes. The letter N followed by a number from 0 to 2 indicates whether the cancer has spread to lymph nodes near the kidney and, if so, how many are affected. Lymph nodes are bean-sized collections of immune system cells that help fight infections and cancers.
The M component identifies the how distant the spread of the cancer has been, including lymph nodes that are not in the region of the original tumor. The letter M followed by a 0 or 1 indicates whether or not the cancer has spread (metastasized) to distant organs such as the lungs or bones, or to lymph nodes that are not near the kidneys.
Detailed Definitions of T, N, and M Categories
Primary tumor (T)
TX: Primary tumor cannot be assessed (information not available).
T0: No evidence of a primary tumor.
T1a: Tumor is 4 cm (about 11/2 inches) in diameter or smaller and is limited to the kidney.
T1b: Tumor is larger than 4 cm but smaller than 7 cm (about 2¾ inches) and is limited to the kidney.
T2: Tumor is larger than 7 cm but is still limited to the kidney.
T3a: Tumor has spread into the adrenal gland or into fatty tissue around the kidney, but not beyond a fibrous tissue called Gerota's fascia, which surrounds the kidney and nearby fatty tissue.
T3b: Tumor has spread into the large vein leading out of the kidney (renal vein) and/or the part of the large vein leading into the heart (vena cava) that is within the abdomen.
T3c: Tumor has reached the part of the vena cava that is within the chest or invades the wall of the vena cava.
T4: Tumor has spread beyond Gerota's fascia (fibrous tissue that surrounds the kidney and the fatty tissue next to the kidney).
Regional lymph nodes (N)
NX: Regional lymph nodes cannot be assessed (information not available).
N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.
N1: Metastasis to one regional (nearby) lymph node.
N2: Metastasis to more than one regional (nearby) lymph node. Distant metastasis (M):
Extent of Metastasis (M)
MX: Presence of distant metastasis cannot be assessed (information not available).
M0: No distant metastasis.
M1: Distant metastasis present; includes metastasis to non-regional (not near the kidney) lymph nodes and/or to other organs (such as the lungs, bones, or brain).
Renal Cell Cancer Stage Grouping
Once the T, N, and M categories have been determined, this information is combined in a process called stage grouping to determine a patient's overall disease stage. This is expressed in Roman numerals from stage I (the least serious or earliest stage) to stage IV (the most serious or advanced stage).
Stage I: T1a-T1b, N0, M0. The tumor is 7 cm or smaller and limited to the kidney. There is no spread to lymph nodes or distant organs.
Stage II: T2, N0, M0. The tumor is larger than 7 cm but is still limited to the kidney. There is no spread to lymph nodes or distant organs.
Stage III: T1a-T3b, N1, M0 or T3a-T3c, N0, M0. Several combinations of T and N categories are included in this stage. These include any tumor that has spread to only one nearby lymph node but not to other organs. Stage III also includes tumors that have not spread to lymph nodes or distant organs but have spread to the adrenal glands, to fatty tissue around the kidney, and/or have grown into the large vein (vena cava) leading from the kidney to the heart.
Stage IV: T4, N0-N1, M0 or Any T, N2, M0 or Any T, Any N, M1. Several combinations of T, N, and M categories are included in this stage, which includes any cancers that have spread directly through the fatty tissue and beyond Gerota's fascia, the fibrous tissue that surrounds the kidney. Stage IV also includes any cancer that has spread to more than one lymph node near the kidney, or to any lymph node distant from the kidney, or to any distant organs such as the lungs, bone, or brain.
The system for determining the characteristics of a cancer's cells is called Fuhrman grading. The Fuhrman grade is determined by a pathologist, who will review the cellular details of your tumor. The grade is based on an examination of how closely the cancer cell's nucleus (part of a cell in which DNA is stored) resembles a normal kidney cell's nucleus.
Kidney cancers are usually given a Fuhrman grade on a scale of 1 through 4. Grade 1 kidney cancers have cell nuclei that look very much like a normal kidney cell nucleus. These cancers are usually slow growing and are slow to spread to other parts of the body (metastasize). They tend to have a good outlook (prognosis). Grade 4 kidney cancer, on the upper end of the Fuhrman scale, looks quite different from normal kidney cells and has a worse prognosis. Generally, the higher the Fuhrman grade the worse the


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Mark Levinson No.334 power amplifier
Dad would have loved the new Mark Levinson No.334 amplifier.
The 125Wpc No.334 is the second generation—introduced four years after its predecessor, the 100Wpc No.331—of the company's smallest 300-series dual-monaural amplifier. Even if he had been a No.331 owner, my father would have wasted no time in purchasing the 25% more expensive No.334. He'd have pointed to the No.331's and No.333's positive reviews in this magazine (Vol.19 Nos.1 and 12, respectively) and their Class A standings in "Recommended Components." He'd mention that the No.334 uses components and technologies derived from the $19,950/pair Mark Levinson No.33H monoblock (reviewed in Vol.21 No.1), which won Stereophile's 1998 Joint Amplification Component of the Year award. And he'd itemize the Madrigal accessories: the rugged white handling gloves, the optional Madrigal Balanced Bridging Adapter Kit ($375), and the No.331.5 cyanate-ester voltage-board update ($1950) for No.331 owners.
Opening the Carton
Even at 112 lbs shipping weight, the hefty Mark Levinson No.334 power amplifier is the baby in Levinson's 33-series dual-mono solid-state amplifier family. Its bigger brothers are the 250Wpc No.335 (155 lbs, $7900) and the 350Wpc No.336 (165 lbs, $9500).
Stacking the No.334 atop the No.331 was the only way I could tell them apart. The newer amplifier's subtle external cosmetic changes include rounded edges on the heatsink fins and curved silver faceplate, and a perforated grille in the top cover plate. All units certified for sale in Europe, and therefore come with an AC mains switch, which can be used to disconnect the control circuit power supply from the AC mains without having to unplug the amp itself. My father would have delighted in the three control ports set just below this switch: the remote turn-on trigger jacks; the Mark Levinson Communication Link Ports, which allow the amplifier to be controlled by a 30/300-series Levinson preamplifier; and two PHAST-compatible ports for two-way communication with a home automation controller.
Inputs to the amplifier can be managed via single-ended RCA or balanced XLR connectors—U-shaped shorting plugs connect pin 1 (signal ground) to pin 3 (signal, inverting) in each rear-panel XLR input to reduce noise pickup during single-ended operation. (These must be removed for balanced operation.) The Madrigal bridging input adapter uses the XLR inputs and short lengths of CZ-Gel cable to reconfigure the two channels of the 334 into a single, more powerful amplifier rated at 500W RMS into 8 ohms.
The No.334's output stage carries a 25% greater continuous power output rating per channel than the 331's. Its bipolar output power transistors are packaged in small plastic cases instead of the No.331's more microphonic metal TO3 cans, and are clamped to the heatsinks with an aluminum bar. The result is an output stage with lower noise, lower THD and IMD, and better squarewave performance (footnote 1). The protection circuit has been upgraded to prevent damage to the output stage if the amplifier is switched from standby to full operation when there is a short circuit at the speaker terminals.
Footnote 1: Because the No.331 was designed for the widest open-loop bandwidth, its designers selected an underdamped system. Stereophile's bench tests confirmed this by identifying a rise in ultrasonic response, with a 1.5dB peak at 100kHz. There was some mild overshoot and a single cycle of ringing visible on the 10kHz squarewave response. Madrigal's engineers did not feel this test-bench result had any relation to the amplifier's sonic performance. Nevertheless, in the redesign of the No.334's output stage, they applied compensation to critically damp the amplifier's ultrasonic response.

subset: commoncrawl


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ST. BONAVENTURE, N.Y. — After two years as admissions communications coordinator at St. Bonaventure University, Clarence Picard has joined the Department of Annual Giving Programs as a gift officer. Prior to joining the St. Bonaventure staff, Picard served as associate editor for Western New York Heritage Magazine, a non-profit magazine covering culture and history in Western New York. He received his bachelor's degree in journalism and mass communication with a minor in history from St. Bonaventure in 2005 and has coached men's rugby since 2006.
As the rugby coach, Picard has guided the team to numerous league championships and playoff appearances and has recruited dozens of players in the past seven years. Last season, Picard led the Bonnies to the Empire Rugby Conference title and to the national Elite Eight.
Picard joins Annual Giving at a crucial time. As St. Bonaventure celebrates the 125th anniversary of The Bonaventure Fund, Picard's understanding of and experience with the university will be important. "I'm very excited to take on this new position as a part of The Bonaventure Fund team," Picard said. "It will be a tremendous opportunity to help strengthen the university as a whole and work with my fellow St. Bonaventure alumni on a regular basis." This new position will put Picard in direct contact with alumni and donors who are members of the Devereux Giving Society and the 1858 Society. His efforts will work in conjunction with that of the Annual Giving department to reach the unrestricted goals of The Bonaventure Fund.
"I am honored to have Clarence join the Annual Giving team," said Julie Briggs Cunningham, executive director of Annual Giving Programs. "He brings to the table an extensive knowledge of St. Bonaventure and will be an excellent addition."
Application forms, procedures and additional information
There are many ways to experience
St. Bonaventure for yourself
Learn more about the programs that interest you


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Delete a page
As your site changes, or you change your mind, you can delete pages from your website.
- Log in to your GoDaddy account.
- In your Products list click Website Builder, and then click Manage next to the account you want to use.
- Click Edit Site.
- Click the page menu, select the page you want to delete, and click the red remove icon.
- Click Delete to confirm the page's removal.
Note: You can delete all pages except the Home page.
- Click Publish, then click the confirmation window link to see the change live on your site.
Next steps
- See Organize pages with navigation menus to help customers find your site pages.


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tanzania HOSTING FAST FACT
TANZANIA Web Hosting Plans
TANZANIA Hosting Speed Test
Professional 24x7 Technical Support at KVC Hosting
This is a point of pride for us. You deserve the best, and we won't settle for providing anything less. We're available to you either by phone or email 24 hours a day, every day. KVC Hosting does not use front-line customer service representatives who can't answer most real questions. When you contact us, you'll be talking to someone who is an expert in the field!
Friendly Customer Service
Have a question that's not technical in nature. Here at KVC Hosting , our friendly customer service representatives are available round the clock assist in any way they can.
Customer Care
We are not just another ordinary hosting provider. We go to great lengths in making sure the happiness of our customers.
Reliability and Security
When you launch a web site, you expect to see your website when the URL is typed. Let's face it, when you entrust your site to a web host, you expect reliability. At KVC Hosting, reliability is never in question. With KVC Hosting behind your web site, you can be rest assured that your site will be up and ready, just like you would expect.
Fast Servers and Networks
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Scalable services
Can your business web site keep up with your business growth? Absolutely - with KVC Hosting on your side. KVC Hosting's simple upgrade process gives you tremendous flexibility to scale. You can easily add disk space, bandwidth, and email accounts as your site, traffic, and business grows.


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P2S provides these forums as a medium for individuals to post and discuss matter that is relevant to their geographic area.
Members are reminded that P2S are not responsible for any meeting or event that may be published on these boards.
Furthermore, P2S will not be held responsible or liable for any direct or indirect financial or other losses or damage arising from such.


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Plump, chicken-like bird that acts like a duck. Gray overall with blacker head and white bill. Tiny tail and short wings. Feet are large, yellow-green, and oddly lobed. Head jerks back and forth when swimming. Forages for aquatic vegetation anywhere with water: ponds, city parks, marshes, reservoirs, lakes, ditches, and saltmarshes.
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Your Online Guide To Birds And Bird Watching
Comprehensive life histories of North American breeding birds
Life histories of all species breeding in Mexico, Central America, and South America


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ALBANY — An Albany Middle School teacher was arrested Wednesday on suspicion of a lewd act with a child following reports that he had an inappropriate relationship with a former student, a school administrator said.
Alameda County Sheriff's deputies arrested James Izumizaki, 28, at his Albany home about 7 a.m. Wednesday, authorities said. He was taken to jail, where he was held on $100,000 bail. He posted bail either late Wednesday or Thursday, a sheriff's spokesman said. An email to Izumizaki for comment went unanswered.
The arrest warrant follows an investigation into reports that Izumizaki, who has been a teacher and coach at Albany Middle School for five years, had an inappropriate relationship with a female former student, said Superintendent Marla Stephenson.
Stephenson said the girl is no longer a student at the middle school. Her age was not released.
On Monday morning, a parent with information about the alleged relationship told an Albany High School teacher, who relayed the information to the school's principal, Ted Barone, Stephenson said. Barone told Stephenson about the allegations. District administrators placed Izumizaki on administrative leave and contacted police and child protective agencies.
"We follow all protocols for best practices and hiring: fingerprints, reference checks, everything we can possibly do to ensure quality education and excellent teaching. Unfortunately, you can only do so much when it comes to protecting students. You do everything possible," Stephenson said. "The important thing is we have parents who are vigilant, administrators who are vigilant, who hope that the system works appropriately, and currently, it is."
A substitute teacher will teach Izumizaki's classes on Friday.
Starting next week, the school will redistribute Izumizaki's students among the other nine other sixth-grade classrooms, school officials said. The students will begin in their new classes on Monday. Overall class sizes will still remain at or below the limit of 31, according to a letter sent to parents.
Izumizaki began work in the Albany Unified School District in 2007 as a substitute teacher. He was hired full time as a sixth-grade teacher in 2008, Stephenson said. He was active in student leadership and as a coordinator in the athletic department, where he coached a volleyball and a basketball team.
Stephenson, who said she knows Izumizaki personally, was shocked by the allegations and talked about the importance of maintaining physical and emotional safety for the students and to put a plan of support into place.
"As a superintendent, I am devastated for the district, our community, our students and our staff," Stephenson said.
A parent meeting will be held at Albany Middle School at 5 p.m. Thursday to discuss the incident, Stephenson said. Mental health administrators and interns are also available at the middle school for students or parents who seek support.
The case remains under investigation and police encourage anyone with information about this case, or about any inappropriate conduct or contact between the suspect and minors, to contact police at 510-528-5783.
Contact Erin Ivie at 925-847-2122. Follow her at Twitter.com/erin_ivie. Contact Kristin J. Bender at email@example.com. Follow her at Twitter.com/kjbender.


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Pricing for this product is available on request. Please click the "Call me" button to request a call back.
Our Part #: 971058 |
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Please note the following product purchase requirements:
Rapid Recovery delivers a better way to protect Windows and Linux environments with fast backup and even faster replication and recovery. Working across VMs and physical servers, on-premise or remote, it delivers protection for business-critical applications including Microsoft Exchange, Microsoft SQL Server and Microsoft SharePoint. All capabilities can easily be managed via a single web-based management console.
How is Rapid Recovery different?


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City to Surf (From Apr 2019)(Multi Share,Start Sydney, End Byron Bay)
About Byron Bay
- Sydney Sightseeing Tour inc. Mrs Macquaries Chair, Opera House, Ferry to Watsons Bay.
- Spend afternoon at Bondi Beach
Sydney Day 2
- Visit the Majestic Blue Mountains
Sydney to Byron Bay
- Included Flight: Sydney to Byron Bay
- Included Surf Lesson
Terms, conditions and restrictions apply; pricing, availability, and other details subject to change and/ or apply to US or Canadian residents. Please confirm details and booking information with your travel advisor.


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Jump kits (Go bags).
You put 'em by the door for when you have to rock'n'roll.
Discussion at Real Emergency Preparedness and Tips for an Apocalypse.
(Along with what's in your hiking backpack)
(Along with what's in your pockets)
(Along with what's on your back)
Free counters
All materials are available through sporting goods stores, discount stores, hardware stores, drug stores and/or grocery stores. Pack items inside kits into individual zip-lock Baggies (resealable plastic sandwich bags) to keep them sorted and dry. Some specialized EMT/public safety equipment (e.g. pocket CPR masks, shears, 5x9 abdominal pads, SAM splints, nitrile gloves) are available through Gall's or Moore Medical.
There is no perfect kit.
What you have in your head is the most important survival/first aid equipment of all.
It's better to carry general-purpose items than specialized equipment.
If the medications that you take have a shelf life, always keep the newest medication in your jump kit. As you finish your medication, use the one in your jump kit and replace it with new medication.
Modify the contents of kits for your personal situation. Inventory and repack each kit quarterly. Make seasonal adjustments. Keep weight and size low.
Wool is light, fire-resistant, and maintains its insulating properties when wet.
Jell-O is a brand of pre-packaged instant gelatin dessert. It's the perfect food for hypothermia. Make the liquid, drink it. Choose a flavor that isn't colored red, so that when the patient vomits in the Emergency Department folks won't think he's bleeding internally.
Plumber's candles contain more stearic acid than the regular kind. Very hard; burn a long time. Get 'em at a hardware store.
Rule of thumb: Two sources of light; two sources of fire.
In a survival situation you live as long as your feet do.
In an ambush the killing zone is narrow. Get out of it.
If you don't understand what's going on, back off until you do understand.
You can live to be ninety without a Rambo knife but hypothermia or dehydration will kill you deader'n dirt by this time tomorrow.
A terrorist attack is just a badly-placarded HAZMAT incident.
Half-a-tank of gas is empty. Refuel now.
Every time you refuel, check your coolant level, your oil level, and your tire pressure.
In a survival situation you'll be astounded by how far a car can go with no radiator, no oil, and no tires.
If you have an extensive kit in your car, one part should be detachable and easily portable in case you have to abandon your car.
Nitrile gloves are better than latex gloves because: Tape won't stick to 'em; there's less chance of allergic reactions; punctures produce large rips so you know they're breached; and they have higher resistance to HAZMATs.
Without a traction splint a femur fracture is 80% fatal. With proper traction splinting, it's only 20% fatal. Learn to make a field-expedient traction splint.
Alcohol and disaster don't mix.
Some situations are non-survivable. Think ahead. Stay out of those situations.
Never ignore a warning, even if it doesn't make any sense to you at the time.
Check the batteries in your smoke detector.
Brush your teeth, wear your seatbelt, quit smoking, wash your hands before eating and after using the toilet, and look both ways before crossing the street.
Take a first aid/CPR class. Keep your certification current.
Consider taking up backpacking/hiking/camping as a hobby.
The author of this page is a former military officer and a current Nationally Registered Wilderness EMT-I.
See also: Annotations to and discussion of the First Aid Kit thanks to Victorthecook.


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Mitt Romney hoped to pad his advantage over his rivals in the tally of delegates needed to secure the presidential nomination as voters headed to the polls in Tuesday's Illinois primary.
The lone presidential primary taking place on Tuesday offered Republicans maybe their best chance yet of a genuine one-on-one battle between the former Massachusetts governor and former Pennsylvania Sen. Rick Santorum, his chief competitor for the Republican nod.
Former House Speaker Newt Gingrich and Texas Rep. Ron Paul, whose campaigns each rest on shaky footing after two-and-a-half months of nominating contests, scarcely competed in Illinois.
The primary, held in President Barack Obama's adopted home state (typically a Democratic stronghold in the general election), gave Romney a chance to further his campaign's case that he is the inevitable Republican nominee.
Other political news of note
Animated Boehner: 'There's nothing complex about the Keystone Pipeline!'
House Speaker John Boehner became animated Tuesday over the proposed Keystone Pipeline, castigating the Obama administration for not having approved the project yet.
- Budget deficits shrinking but set to grow after 2015
- Senate readies another volley on unemployment aid
- Obama faces Syria standstill
- Fluke files to run in California
- Animated Boehner: 'There's nothing complex about the Keystone Pipeline!'
For Santorum, the primary meant an opportunity to again upset Romney in a Midwestern nominating contest the frontrunner had been expected to win. Santorum battled the former Massachusetts governor closely in both Ohio and Michigan, but Romney's superior campaign organization and finances — combined with millions in ads bought by a supportive super PAC — ultimately carried the day.
"We have to have you all get out and vote but we need to send a message that it's time to coalesce, it's time to come together, it's time for us to get behind one candidate and get the job done so that we can move on to the next job, which is bringing us one step closer to defeating Barack Obama," said Romney's wife, Ann, at a campaign event on Sunday in Vernon Hills, Ill.
Romney was able to carry momentum into Tuesday's contest resulting from a commanding victory in last Sunday's Puerto Rico primary, which not only won him 20 delegates, but also raised questions about the prudence of Santorum's decision to campaign in the territory — an expensive commitment which won him no delegates, and only a small share of the popular vote.
Organizational issues that had dogged Santorum in Ohio's primary also re-appeared in Illinois, where he failed to file the required delegate slates in four congressional districts, meaning he was ineligible to win 10 delegates.
A total of 54 delegates weren at stake on Tuesday, where Illinois voters vote to elect delegates on candidates' behalf. The statewide popular vote is technically a beauty contest, since it has no bearing on the ultimate allocation of delegates.
Nonetheless, Romney and Santorum have spent the better part of the past few days fighting each other directly. The ex-governor has keyed on a message of calling Santorum an "economic lightweight."
Santorum shot back Monday: "If I am a lightweight, I agree he is a heavyweight, he is a big government heavyweight, that's what his record was."
But Santorum did himself no favors in the closing hours of the Illinois campaign. In an explanation about why voters should look to his overall conservatism (and not just economic proposals) in making up their mind on Tuesday, Santorum appeared to shrug off the importance of the economy.Gingrich demands Obama apologize for De Niro joke
"I don't care what the unemployment rate's going to be," he said in Moline. "It doesn't matter. My campaign doesn't hinge on unemployment rates and growth rates. There's something more foundational that's going on here."
Romney's campaign, sensing the gaffe plays into their narrative emphasizing the economic acumen of the frontrunner, quickly seized on the remark. "One of the people who is running also for the Republican nomination today said that he doesn't care about the unemployment rate, that does bother me," Romney said in Peoria. "I do care about the unemployment rate. It does bother me."
In a clue of each candidate's expectations, Romney planned to hold a rally in Schaumburg, a suburb of Chicago, on Tuesday evening. By contrast, Santorum planned to spend the evening in his home state of Pennsylvania — at an event at the historic Civil War town of Gettysburg.
Regardless of Tuesday night's results, the Republican race appeared poised to stretch on at least weeks longer. Gingrich has shown no willingness to leave the race, and Santorum's campaign has circulated its delegate math, which focuses on halting Romney's march to gather the 1,144 delegates needed to secure the nomination. This would spark a contested convention when Republicans meet to formally make their nomination in August.
Romney had won 444 delegates heading into the Illinois primary, according to NBC News projections. Santorum had accrued 183 delegates, while Gingrich had won 137 and Paul had received 34.
© 2013 msnbc.com


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Samsung, Nikon, Sony rumored to be developing a monochrome sensor (black and white) that had previously been released by Leica.
Input nama kamera, contoh : "D7200" atau "1200D"
Kamera Populer : Nikon D3300 | Canon 1200D | Nikon D5500 | Nikon D5200 | Canon 700D | Canon 760D
RumorKamera.com has no affiliation with any of the equipment manufacturers mentioned on this site. All trademarks and brands belong to their respective owners. Disclosure: Rumorkamera.com is sponsored by companies and affiliate partners that display various advertising banners and links on this blog (see our Privacy Policy).
[RK2] Successor of Canon 700D DSLR Camera Will Have EVF ?
[RK3] Samsung, Nikon, Sony Rumored To Release Camera With Monochrome Sensor ?
[RK3] New Sony RX20 to Answer Panasonic FZ1000 ?
[Press Release] Leica X Typ 113 Released With APS-C Sensor And 23mm F/1.7 Lens
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In September 2000, the Diocese purchased a property in Coburg to establish as a Coptic Centre incorporating the Theological College. Extraordinary support was received both from the congregation and the youth in generous financial support and the theological college students who utilised the facilities to their capacity. Over the following two years the number of meetings, activities and theological college classes being held, exceeded the physical space available and it became clear that this facility would only be sufficient for, and limited to Theological College uses. In late December of 2001, through God's grace, we were made aware of an exceptional property that had come up for sale. The property was called Whitefriars Park, a Carmelite Monastery established in 1937. In the heart of metropolitan Melbourne, with the capacity to cater to our needs for many years to come, it is truly a once in a lifetime opportunity and one in which the hand of God can be felt at work. Whitefriars Park has now become The Coptic Orthodox Church - Diocese of Melbourne and through God's Grace, it will once again be used as a place of prayer, religious study, fellowship and retreat.


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With a record Powerball jackpot of $500 million fanning people's excitement, SouthCoast residents are gobbling up the $2 tickets and dreaming big.
With a record Powerball jackpot of $500 million fanning people's excitement, SouthCoast residents are gobbling up the $2 tickets and dreaming big.
Powerball players at stores in New Bedford, Fairhaven and Dartmouth talked Tuesday about retirement, sailing the seven seas, traveling, clearing up old bills, taking financial care of their families and helping the needy in the event they won what the Lottery says is the largest jackpot in the 20-year history of the multi-state game.
Strong sales in Massachusetts and across the nation pushed the Powerball jackpot for today's drawing from $425 million to $500 million, according to Lottery officials. The Mega Millions jackpot on March 30, 2012, which hit $656 million, is the world's largest jackpot.
"The very first thing I want to do is retire. I've worked too many years," said Carol Cronin, of New Bedford, who is in a pool with co-workers at the Alden Court Nursing and Rehabilitation Center in Fairhaven.
She said she would help out the poor and her family and buy herself a new mobile home.
David Simmons of Fairhaven said he bought some Powerball tickets even though he's never won more than $2.
"I play in case of the miracle. Why not me?" he said.
Maui Carvalho of New Bedford bought three tickets at Costa's Convenience Store in the city's North End and said she's been feeling a little lucky lately.
"That's why I'm playing. We all have dreams," she said.
Lottery agents in SouthCoast said they have noticed a spike in Powerball sales since the announcement over the weekend of no winner in last Saturday's drawing. They said the large jackpot is causing some people who don't play regularly to spend a few dollars and join in.
"Whenever it gets this high, people who normally don't buy tickets buy them," said Jesse Mendes, who works at Costa's Convenience Store.
"Everyone is saying you can't win unless you play," said Shauna Riley, an employee at Newsbreak on the New Bedford-Fairhaven Bridge.
"That's all I have sold today is Powerball," said Pat Crowley, who works at Friendly Farms convenience store in Fairhaven.
Yogi Patel, owner of Town Liquors in Dartmouth, said he noticed a jump in sales on Monday and expects "lines out the door" as the drawing nears.
Many players dreamed of more than personal profit.
"I would love to help the homeless if I ever won big," said Mark Bruce, of Dartmouth, a commercial fisherman who also cooks at Mercy Meals and More in New Bedford, adding he would build them a new building with a large-screen TV. "I've been blessed and fortunate."
Bill Hurd, of New Bedford, said he and other members of his bowling league are splitting 60 Powerball tickets. If they win, he said, he would take care of his family and start a college fund for his grandchild. "She would be set for life," he said.
In addition to Massachusetts, Powerball is played in 41 other states, Washington, D.C., and the U.S. Virgin Islands. Drawings are held every Wednesday and Saturday at 10:59 p.m. and posted on the Lottery's website, masslottery.com.


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Tandem Transfer Press--4400 Tons of It--Debuts in Rockford
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Friday, August 1, 2008
Rockford Toolcraft, Inc., Rockford, IL, has fired up its new 4400-ton Verson tandem transfer press, featuring a bed area of 6 by 27 ft. The press line can handle coil stock to ½ in. thick and 60 in. wide.
See also: Rockford Toolcraft, Inc.
Related Enterprise Zones: Automation, Presses


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Introduction (GTA LCS)
|Introduction (untitled)
A Coach, carrying Toni Cipriani, arriving in Chinatown.
|GTA Liberty City Stories
|Chinatown, Portland, Liberty City
|Home Sweet Home
The introduction to Grand Theft Auto: Liberty City Stories are opening cutscenes that begins when a new game is started. Because it consists of only cutscenes, the player has no interactivity except to skip to Home Sweet Home, the game's first mission, straight away.
Cut scene
The cut scene begins with a coach pulling up to Punk Noodles in Chinatown on Portland, Liberty City. The protagonist, Toni Cipriani, gets off with a suitcase in hand. Toni walks to a payphone and calls a taxi, which takes him to Salvatore Leone's Gentleman's Club in Saint Marks. Toni meets with Salvatore, the Don of the Leone Family, who thanks him for what he did and for laying low. Salvatore tells Toni to take it easy and to work for Vincenzo Cilli. Toni is reluctant to take orders from Vincenzo and disagrees with Salvatore. Salvatore persuades Toni to work for Vincenzo, who then tells Toni to drive him to his warehouse in Atlantic Quays.
Salvatore Leone: Hey... So there he is, huh? So listen, Toni, I know you did a good thing for us, and I know you've been lying low for a long time, so I want you to take it easy a while, huh? Vincenzo will look after you. You need some money, ask him. You need a job - Lucky will take care of you. What more could a family guy ask for? Even my son don't got it so good.
Toni Cipriani: But, Mr. Leone, I thought we got history, I mean I've done a lot for this family. And now, you're expecting me to take orders from this... this... this... Well, it just doesn't seem right.
Salvatore Leone: Toni, I know what you did, and no one is more grateful than me, honestly, but the idea that you walk here and start to question my leadership right away is, quite frankly, out of order. Capiche?
Toni Cipriani: I understand, boss.
Salvatore Leone: So when you need somethin, give Vincenzo a call down at the Atlantic Quay. He'll take care of you. Won't you Lucky?
Vincenzo Cilli: Of course, boss. Anything you say. Tell you what; we can go there now.
There is no monetary reward for the introduction. The ending of the cutscene unlocks the first mission of GTA Liberty City Stories, Home Sweet Home.
Toni Cipriani outside Punk Noodles after returning to Liberty City.
Toni Cipriani calling for a taxi.
Toni Cipriani in a Cabbie heading towards Salvatore Leone's Gentlemen's Club.
Toni Cipriani meeting Salvatore Leone at his home.
Salvatore Leone telling Toni Cipriani to see Vincenzo Cilli if he needs anything.
- The Coach that Toni departs from is very unique as it has a black grill in the front (as most only have an empty space). However the most unique feature is not the colour but the fact that the windows are not opec and there is a very unique driver skin; a white or Asian male with sunglasses. Neither the Coach nor the driver can be obtained though cheats or third-party trainers.
- The music that plays as the Cabbie arrives to pick up Toni is a remixed version of the theme from Grand Theft Auto III.
Video walkthrough
|PlayStation 2 Version - GTASeriesVideos


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MoniqueRozen video. All videos (2)Chat gratuit with MoniqueRozen
Chat gratuit with MoniqueRozen
Welcome here! You must agree with me when i say that a good moment of hedonism could 'rock and roll' your world. You either think at friendly conversations, provocative hot flirts or brave sexual demands based on your dirty mind, i'm your t


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One of our very favorite Storage Solutions patterns gets a update as the world's cutest sewing basket. We designed this version with shorter sides for easy access to the inside, then added pockets all around for tools and notions. The Hello Kitty® cotton canvas fabric came to us courtesy of our good friends at CityCraft . It's the perfect weight of fabric for the job and absolutely adorable. To really send the cute factor through the roof, we created a matching Hello Kitty® pincushion that can be made for your leftover scraps. Embroider eyes and a nose for her face and the pins become her whiskers. This would make the perfect organizer for your beginning sewer, but everybody loves Hello Kitty®, so it's really perfect for anyone... including YOU! Stay tuned this week, because there's a BIG Hello Kitty® surprise coming this Friday from our friends and sponsoring partners: Janome America .
This basket finishes at approximately: 10" x 6" and is 6" deep, not counting the lace around the top.
We used the Kokka Sanrio Hello Kitty® Licensed Fabric sent to us by our friends at CityCraft. This particular "Hello Kitty® in a Teacup" print is one of four super cute Hello Kitty® options in stock at CityCraft, including our other fave: Orange Patchwork Hello Kitty® .
Sewing Tools You Need
- Any Sewing Machine (we recommend, of course, the Janome Hello Kitty 18750)
NOTE: You will be sewing through a lot of layers with this project, often right along an edge; it's important you have a machine with a good feeding system, like the 7-piece Superior Feed System on the Hello Kitty 18750 .
- Walking foot (optional, but very useful for handling all the layers)
- New Denim needle
Fabric and Other Supplies
- ½ yard of 44-45" wide cotton canvas weight fabric for the basket exterior, pocket exterior and handles: we used "Hello Kitty® in a Teacup" from CityCraft
NOTE: If you choose a fabric with a directional motif or a design that needs to be fussy cut , you should get ¾-1 yard of fabric.
- ½ yard of 44-45" wide décor weight fabric for the basket interior and pocket lining: we used a matching pink broadcloth
NOTE: You will use scraps from the above fabrics to make the matching pincushion.
- 1 yard of heavyweight fusible interfacing, we used Pellon 71F single sided fusible extra-strong stabilizer
- A generous handful of polyester fiber fill for the pinchushion
- 1 yard of 1-1½" wide heavy lace for the top accent trim; we used 1" lace with a crocheted-look edge that matched the look of the lace in our fabric's motif
- ¾ yard of 1½" wide coordinating ribbon for the accent bow; we used red velvet
- ¼ yard of ½" wide coordinating ribbon for the pincushion kitty's bow; we used red velvet
- All purpose thread in colors to match fabric
- See-through ruler
- Fabric pen or pencil
- Seam gauge
- Seam ripper
- Iron and ironing board
- Scissors or rotary cutter and mat
- Straight pins for project, plus six "fancy" ball-end pins for the pincushion kitty's whiskers
Getting Started
- Download and print the Kitty Pincushion Pattern.
IMPORTANT: This pattern consists of ONE 8½" x 11" sheet. You must print the PDF file at 100%. DO NOT SCALE to fit the page.
- Cut out the pattern along the solid line. Set aside.
- From the fabric for the exterior (Pink Hello Kitty in our sample), cut the following:
TWO 10" high x 17" wide rectangles for the main basket body
TWO 5" high x 17" wide rectangles for the pocket fronts
FOUR 2½" x 10" strips for the handles
- From the fabric for the interior (Pink Broadcloth in our sample), cut the following:
TWO 10" high x 17" wide rectangles for the basket lining body
TWO 5" high x 17" wide rectangles for the pocket lining
- From the heavyweight fusible interfacing, cut the following:
FOUR 9" x 16" rectangles
TWO 1½ x 9" strips
- When all your regular cutting is finishing, use the scraps and the pincushion pattern to cut ONE kitty head from the exterior fabric and ONE kitty head from the lining fabric.
At Your Sewing Machine & Ironing Board
Interfacing the panels and handles
- Place a piece of 9" x 16" heavyweight fusible interfacing against the wrong side of each 10" x 17" exterior panel and each 10" x 17" lining panel, centering the interfacing on the fabric so there is ½" of fabric showing around all four sides of the interfacing.
- Place a 1½" x 9 strip of heavyweight fusible interfacing against the wrong side of TWO of the four 2½" x 10" handle strips. As above, center the interfacing so there is ½" of fabric showing around all four sides of the interfacing.
- Following manufacturer's instructions, securely fuse the interfacing in place on all the fabric pieces. Set all the pieces aside.
- Find the two interfaced 2½" x 10" strips and the two plain 2½" x 10" strips.
- Place an interfaced strip right sides together with a plain strip. Repeat to layer the second pair. Pin in place along both long sides.
- Using a ½" seam allowance stitch along both sides through all layers. Leave both ends raw and open.
- Trim the seam allowance back to approximately ¼".
- Turn each handle right side out and press.
- Topstitch along both sides close to the edge. You can topstitch in either matching or contrasting thread. We chose a slightly contrasting pink thread.
Make and place the pockets
- Find the two 5" x 17" exterior pocket panels and the two 5" x 17" pocket lining panels.
- Place a lining pocket panel and an exterior pocket panel right sides together, aligning all four raw edges. Repeat to layer the second pair of panels. Pin in place along the top and bottom, leaving both ends open for turning.
- Using a ½" seam allowance, stitch along the top and bottom.
- Turn the pocket right side out. Press well.
- Place one pocket panel right side up on the right side of each interfaced exterior panel. The bottom edge of the pocket should sit 3⅝" from the bottom raw edge of the exterior panel. Pin the pocket panel in place.
NOTE: The bottom of the pocket will align with the bottom of the basket when finished, so careful measuring is important.
- Edgestitch along the bottom of the panel only.
- Measure and mark the vertical lines for your pocket divisions. The exact width of the pockets on each side is a matter of personal preference. For our basket, we wanted two pockets on each end of the basket. So we measured and marked a vertical line 3½" in from all four raw sides.
- On the sides of our basket, we chose to make one side a full 10" pocket and so made no additional vertical seams on that panel. On the opposite side, we added one vertical seam in the exact center of the panel, dividing it into two 5" wide pockets. Again, you could make more or fewer pocket divisions based on what you'd like to store in your basket.
NOTE: As mentioned above, be extra diligent to insure your pockets are placed super straight onto the panels and that your edgestiching is true. If you've measured and placed correctly, the bottom of the pockets will become the bottom edge of the finished basket.
Seam panels and box the bottom corners
- Place the two exterior/pocket panels right sides together. If you are using a directional print, make sure both panels are lined up top-to-top.
- Pin in place along both sides and across the bottom.
- Using a ½" seam allowance, stitch both sides and across the bottom, pivoting at the corners. Remember the heavyweight fusible interfacing is cut back ½" to stay out of the seams and make them less stiff. Therefore, you are stitching right along the edge of the interfacing, which makes it easy to keep your seam nice and straight.
- Repeat to create the lining basket.
- With both the exterior and the lining baskets still wrong side out, the next step is to box the bottom corners. Our photos show this being done on the lining basket; the steps are identical for each.
- Using both hands, pinch and pull apart one bottom corner.
- As you keep pulling, the fabric will begin to make a little peak with the corner point at the top and a seam line running down the middle of both sides. Precisely match the two seams front to back.
- Work first from the wrong side, then look down inside the basket to see if your seams are lining up. Below is a photo looking straight down into the basket, making sure the side and bottom seams are lined up. (That really is what the picture is... even though it kind of looks like a chubby pink man holding his breath.)
- Our basket has 6" sides. To create this width, you need to figure your boxed corner seam at half the finished width. Therefore, measure 3" from the tip of the corner peak and draw a horizontal line with a fabric pen or pencil.
- Pin your folded and measured 'peak' and stitch along the drawn line. For stability, we recommend stitching straight across, locking at the beginning and end, removing the project, then replacing it under the needle, and stitching straight across again.
- Trim away the peak on each side to about ¼" from the seam lines.
- Repeat these steps to form the opposite corner on the lining basket and both corners on the exterior basket.
- Turn the baskets right side out and push out the boxed corners.
- Leave the exterior basket right side out. Turn the lining basket inside out again. You will work with the baskets in these positions for the remainder of the project.
Add the lace trim to the exterior basket
- Our 1" wide lace had a definite top and bottom. We wanted a ½" of lace showing all around the top. You can adjust your lace for a narrower or wider reveal if you choose. Our steps below are to achieve our ½" reveal with a 1" trim.
- Center the lace over the top raw edge of the basket exterior. What will be the TOP of the lace should be pointing DOWN, what will be the BOTTOM should be pointing UP.
- Start pining at a side seam and "pleat and dip" the end of the lace to hide the raw edge.
- Continue pinning the lace in place all around the top, measuring often to make sure you are keeping the lace centered and the ½" reveal even. When you get back to your starting point, overlap the ends and again make a little "pleat and dip" to hide the raw edge. Pin in place. You can trim away any particularly long tails on the lace.
- Here's the view from the inside of the basket.
- Machine baste the lace in place, staying close to the raw edge.
- Fold down the top raw edge of the exterior (with the lace based in place) ½". This will cause the lace to pop up into position with its ½" reveal. Press well.
NOTE: We forgot to take a picture at this step, but you can see the top folded down and the lace sitting in its correct position in the photos below of positioning the handle. Sorry 'bout that.
- Fold down and press the top raw edge of the interior ½" all around, creating a nice finished edge. Pin in place if need be, but as with the exterior, just pressing it down should be enough.
Insert handles
- Position each handle on the exterior basket, positioning them so they arch over the side seams. Each inside edge of the handle should be 1" from the side seam and each raw end should be 1½" from the top folded edge. Pin in place.
- Machine baste each end of each handle in place. We used the original basting line on the lace as a guide.
Assemble the two baskets into one
- Slip the lining inside the basket exterior so the two layers are wrong sides together. Push the lining down into place so the side seams match up, the top folded edges are flush with one another, and the lace is sticking up.
- Topstitch all around the top of the basket through all the layers, keeping your seam line 3/8" from the top folded edges. I'm using my Janome walking foot, which is great for handling these thick layers. It will be easier to feed the basket through the machine if you stitch with the interior facing up
NOTE: For the best finished look, re-thread your machine with thread to match the interior in the top and thread to match the exterior in the bobbin.
Matching pincushion
- Find the two kitty head pieces you cut earlier. Place them right sides together, aligning all the raw edges. Pin the two layers together, leaving a 2" opening along the kitty's chin.
- Using a ¼" seam allowance, and carefully following the curves of the pattern, stitch around the kitty head. Remember to leave the opening along the bottom edge and to back tack to secure your seam at either side of the opening.
- Clip into the corners to allow to seam to ease when turned right side out.
- Turn the kitty right side out through the opening. Poke out the curves and the points using a long, blunt-end tool, like a chopstick or knitting needle. Press flat.
- Use the paper pattern and your fabric pen or pencil to draw on the position of the eyes and nose.
- Fluff up your polyester fiberfill and gently poke it into all the nooks and crannies of the kitty head until you reach your desired plumpness.
- Using floss or heavy thread, embroider the kitty's eyes and nose. We used black for the eyes and yellow for the nose to match the Hello Kitty® motif on our fabric. We used a small running stitch outline the edge of each oval, then filled in the oval with a satin stitch.
- Find the thin coordinating ribbon and create a small bow to fit the kitty's ear. Handstitch the bow in place.
- We inserted our fancy pins to create the kitty's whiskers.
Project Design: Alicia Thommas
Sample Creation: Debbie Guild
Other machines suitable for this project include the Brother Project Runway Innov-is 40 and the Singer 9960 Quantum Stylist.


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The below information was organized and submitted to ComcastGeorge by CCCarole, Joel, JR0171702.
Please send them your thanks for their hard work and dedication by clicking on the KUDOS button next to each of their posts below.
These are the instructions for getting Outlook, Outlook Express, and Windows Mail to work properly on your PC.
Also note the instructions further below for Mozzila's Thunderbird and a link for Mac Configurations.
Also note the instructions further below for Mozzila's Thunderbird,a link for Mac Configurations, and a link to download, install, and configure Windows LIVE Mail.
NOTE: You can no longer use Port 25 for SMTP (Outgoing server) You must use the settings listed here.
Comcast supports Xfinity Connect webmail and industry standard POP3. For you, this means you can access your email on Xfinity Connect via a web browser from www.comcast.net , or you can use any of the large variety of pop clients available to you such as Outlook Express and Mac Mail.
Comcast offers official support for Outlook Express 6.0 and higher, Windows Mail and Mac Mail. However, most pop3 clients will work with the Comcast email service.
Windows Mail, Windows Live Mail, Outlook Express & Outlook 2000:
Note: With Windows Live Mail - Leave the box ticked which says, "clear text authentication"
Turn off whatever email scanning your anti-virus package is doing. Comcast already scans incoming email for viruses, and your outgoing email isn't going to be infected unless your machine is already infected, so there's no point checking it all the time.
Outlook 2002 & Outlook 2003:
1. choose Tools
2.choose E-mail Accounts
3.choose "View or change existing e-mail account"
4.choose Next
5. click on your Comcast account to highlight it
6.choose Change
7. enter Your Name (whatever you want to appear on your messages)
8. enter E-mail Address (your full Comcast email address)
9. Incoming mail server is mail.comcast.net
10. Outgoing mail server is smtp.comcast.net
11. enter User Name (your Comcast user ID, the part before "@comcast.net" in your email address)
12. enter Password
13. check "Remember password"
14. make sure "Logon using Secure Password Authentication (SPA)" is NOT checked
15. choose More Settings
16. go to the Outgoing Server tab
17. check "My outgoing server (SMTP) requires authentication"
18. choose "Use same settings as my incoming mail server"
19. go to the Advanced tab
20. check both boxes for "This server requires an SSL-secured connection"
21. change port number to 995 for incoming, 587 or 465 for outgoing
22. bump up the Server Timeouts slider to the high end
23. Click OK, Next, Finish
Turn off whatever email scanning your anti-virus package is doing. Comcast already scans incoming email for viruses, and your outgoing email isn't going to be infected unless your machine is already infected, so there's no point checking it all the time.
Don't bother with the "Test" function in Outlook - it often fails for no particular reason.
Exit from Outlook, then make sure it isn't still running in the background. Hit CTRL-ALT-DEL, go to the Processes tab, and kill any occurrences of OUTLOOK.EXE before launching Outlook again.
Outlook 2007:
Turn off whatever email scanning your anti-virus package is doing. Comcast already scans incoming email for viruses, and your outgoing email isn't going to be infected unless your machine is already infected, so there's no point checking it all the time.
To set up a new email account:
Check the Manually configure server settings or additional server types radio button and click Next.
Select Internet Email then click Next.
Fill in all fields for User, Server, and Logon information.
Incoming mail server: mail.comcast.net
Outgoing mail server: smtp.comcast.net
Click the More Settings button
In the Outgoing Server tab, check the box marked My outgoing server (SMTP) requires authentication and ensure the Use same settings as my incoming mail server is selected.
In the Advanced Tab change the Incoming Server (POP3) to port 110 and make sure the box next to 'This server requires an encrypted connection (SSL)' is NOT checked. Change the Outgoing Server (SMTP) to port 587 and change 'Use this following type of encrypted connection' to None then click OK.
Check the settings by clicking Test Account Settings on the Internet Email Settings screen. When test completes click Close.
Click Next then click Finish
Mozilla's Thunderbird Settings:
Outgoing Server (SMTP):
Description: Comcast
Server Name: smtp.comcast.net
Port: 587
Security and Authentication
Use name and password is checked
User name: your Comcast user name
Use secure authentication: left unchecked
Connection Security (pulldown): STARTTLS
Server Settings (these are the incoming settings)
Server Type: POP Mail Server
Server Name: mail.comcast.net
Port: 995
User name: your Comcast user name
Security settings section
Use secure connection: SSL button is selected
Use secure authentication: left unchecked
Mac Email Settings
10.5, 10.6]: Managing your Comcast email in Leopard, Snow Leopard, and previous versions of OS X:
This is a clickable link to the Macintosh Forum with detailed information about configuring your email using a Mac.
Windows LIVE Mail
Please download attachment in post for offline viewing.
The Windows Live Mail link includes links to the download, as well as directions for configuring 'Windows Live Mail' which is different than the directions for configuring 'Windows mail'.
The below is a graphical image of the email settings.
Solved! Go to Solution.
Mozilla Thunderbird Settings:
Please check your settings against what I list below - I use T-Bird and these settings work fine for me:
Also, please list any error messages that you are receiving.
Eudora Setup for POP/IMAP
1) Choose your Profile Name
2) Choose your Profile Name
3) Type your Name
4) Put in your Comcast Email Address
5) Type in your User Name
6) Type in incoming mail server and choose email Protocol
7) Type in Outgoing email server: smtp.comcast.net
8) Finally, Click Finish
9) Eudora has chosen to hide the Port change option in version 6.0 and above, to enable changing ports:
1. Navigate to your Eudora install directory.
2. Look in the Eudora directory for the directory "extrastuff".
3. In this directory is a file named "esteric.epi". Drag (copy or move) this file into the main Eudora directory. There will now be options extra listed, including a Ports Page.
10) Launch Eudora and go to Tools-> Options menu and type in correct Ports for SMTP and POP (NOTE: IMAP port should be 995)
11) Scroll up on left menu to Checking Mail and choose "Required, Alternate Port" in drop down
12) Choose Sending Mail and do the same with drop menu, choose "Required, Alternate Port"
13) Now test out receiving and sending emails. Make changes as necessary to your scenario.


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I put a couple more videos up on YouTube.
This was a skit I wrote and directed for a company trip in the Spring of 2003 (I think, or it could be 2002 or even '04). There never was a real script as such. I just assembled the cast, gave them the basic storyline and had them make up their own parts. Most of the cast were members of the company's events division and had a lot of experience putting on superhero action shows for children. This was sort of a mix of a MAD magazine type parody of The Last Samurai, Kill Bill and The Matrix mixed with a Japanese superhero action show and my own twisted fantasies. You'll see...
The subtitles are approximates. I couldn't really hear what was being said with the bad audio and besides that a lot of the dialog is in-jokes that nobody outside the company would get. The references to me leaving at 6 o'clock have to do with my American style work habits which don't really match how they do things in Japan. It wasn't entirely true. I did work late lots of nights. Just not every night like most of the rest of the company.
I dearly love all these people.
This is my appearance circa 1983 or '84 on The Ghoul show. The Ghoul was a late-night horror movie host in Cleveland and Detroit whose hey-day was a decade before this. He was still cool in the eighties. He was a lot more low key when I watched him as a kid. Back then his show was a revelation.
This is seriously goofy.


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Find Us On
The Maritime Heritage Program is part of the National Park Service's Park History Program. For centuries, Americans have used waterways for commerce, transportation, defense, and recreation. The Maritime Heritage Program works to advance awareness and understanding of the role of maritime affairs in the history of the United States. Through leadership, assistance, and expertise in maritime history, preservation, and archeology we help to interpret and preserve our maritime heritage by maintaining inventories of historic U.S. maritime properties, providing preservation assistance through publications and consultation, educating the public about maritime heritage through our website, sponsoring maritime heritage conferences and workshops, and funding maritime heritage projects when grant assistance is available.
The Secretary of the Interior is happy to announce the recipients of this year's Maritime Heritage Grants! Please go to our Recipient List for details.
Important: currently, there are no plans to open a new grant cycle until further notice. Please check our website and social media accounts for updates, or contact program staff.
Last Updated:4/26/2016


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Facial Psoriasis
Veterinarian Reviewed on June 17, 2012 by Paulina Nelega, RH
Posted in Uncategorized
Facial Psoriasis
Facial psoriasis is a problem which is also called face rash. In this condition, the skin of produces silvery scales and itchy rashes on the face areas. There may also arise open lesions in this skin illness. It can affect both men and women and commonly seen in the teenage period and at the time of late 50s. There may occur rashes on the eyebrows and above the lip area and at the hairline that appears red with elevated plaques and silvery scales.
The main causes of facial psoriasis are described below:
- Bacterial infection, like an infection that is caused by streptococcal and staphylococcal bacteria
- Chickenpox (a viral infection)
- Fifth disease (This one is a mild viral infection in children which can also cause harm to the unborn babies)
- Folliculitis (inflammation and infection of a hair follicle)
- Fungal infection of the skin (This one is also called the problem of ringworm)
- Herpes virus infection
- Impetigo (bacterial skin infection)
- Measles (viral infection)
- Shingles (viral infection)
- Allergic contact dermatitis (allergy of the facial part)
- Drug reaction
- Eczema (also called atopic dermatitis) and includes chronic eczema
- Food allergy
- Irritant contact dermatitis (sensitivity to a perfume)
- Acne
- Baby acne (skin inflammation triggered by maternal hormones)
- Dandruff (seborrheic dermatitis affecting the face, neck and the scalp)
- Rosacea (chronic inflammatory skin disorder)
- Systemic lupus erythematosus (It's a disease in which the body attacks its own healthy cells and tissues)
- Anxiety and stress
- Erythema toxicum (This one is a benign and noncancerous skin condition which is common in newborn babies)
- Heat rash
- Methamphetamine abuse
- Milia (these are some tiny white bumps of dead skin cells and other debris)
Here is the list of some of the main signs and symptoms of this facial problem:
- Bleeding (that may occur from the broken skin)
- Blistering
- Burning
- Cracked skin
- Dry skin
- Itching
- Redness, irritation and inflammation
- Scaling, flaking and peeling skin
- Swelling and puffiness around the rash
- Flu-like symptoms (It mainly includes fatigue, fever, sore throat, headache, cough, aches and pains)
- Joint pain
- Nerve pain
- Numbness and burning in the lower legs and feet
- Red and dry eyes
- Sneezing or runny nose
- Stress, anxiety and depression
- Vomiting
There are some herbal remedies that help to treat this facial problem. Here is their description:
Spirulina– This herb helps to promote the metabolism of the skin and lower the appearance of the fine lines and scales from the face.
Dandelion– Dandelion is used to detox the skin and purify the blood and lymphatic system. It also moisturizes the skin by increasing its hydration level.
Horsetail and Rosemary– These herbs make the skin strong and tone its texture.
Kali sulph and Silicea– Both these herbs help to nourish the skin and support the healthy balance of the fluids in it. So, they make the overall appearance of the skin on the facial area healthy and clean.
There are some lifestyle changes that help to treat the problem of face rashes. You should keep a good hygiene by washing your hands before touching them to the face as it can transmit germs. Avoid the use of make-up till you get rid from this skin problem.
- Talk to a good medical expert if you are suffering from a severe form of this skin disorder.
Our Expert
Paulina Nelega, RH, has been in private practice as a Clinical Herbalist for over 15 years. She has developed and taught courses in herbal medicine, and her articles on health have appeared in numerous publications. She is very passionate about the healing power of nature. Ask Dr. Jan


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Kratos has killed a lot of people, and he's never been too picky about who. From harpies to gorgons, the God of War star has been just as eager to kill female opponents as male ones, but Sony Santa Monica has gotten a bit wary of their protagonist's unisex viciousness.
Talking to IGN, Sony's David Hewitt has revealed that God of War: Ascension will scale back the violence perpetuated against women.
"There are some things we've pulled back from," he said. "I think where this has been an issue is with violence against women -- the team's pulled back from some of that and assessed that a little more carefully. There are certain things that carry has a different kind of resonance that we don't want to get into. This isn't about statement-making in that regard. It's about fleshing out this character."
Given the monstrous nature of most of Kratos' opponents, I never found the imagery too troubling, but I can definitely see why Sony wants to steer clear of the powder keg altogether. Anyway, you may proceed to the obligatory, "Oh but violence against MEN is okay!?" posts.
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This week we have highlighted some of the great flea information from our Holistic Health Care Library, today we'll share highlights from the article on how to protect your home and environment.
"The Natural Approach to Flea Control" [continued : Killing Fleas in the Home]
Stage 2 – The Household Environment
You cannot rid your companion of fleas by treating him or her alone, unless you are willing to resort to toxic pesticides. Most of the population lives and develops in your house and yard, not on your pet. Treating the environment is essential if you want to win this war.
Carpets, Flooring & Furniture
Vacuuming and washing the hard floors often – daily during the height of flea season – is the least toxic way to control fleas. This will remove most of the adults, and some eggs and larvae. Keep in mind the larvae don't like light, so vacuum under furniture and around baseboards anywhere near your pet's favorite places to hang out. Remember to either vacuum some Only Natural Pet All-in-One Flea Remedy or an herbal flea powder into the vacuum bag to kill any fleas in the bag, or remove the bag and discard it in a sealed plastic bag after use.
Some infestations, however, are just too much to be controlled by vacuuming alone, and not everyone has the time to clean all the floors daily. That's when we recommend using one or more of the natural "powders" available for ridding your home of fleas. The least toxic substances available for this are diatomaceous earth and boric acid products. [Read more about treating your home for fleas]
Don't forget the sleeping quarters! Wash your pet's bedding in hot, soapy water at least weekly. You can even add some essential oils or Bite This! To the water for extra flea-zapping power. Sprinkle a little Only Natural Pet All-in-One Flea Remedy onto DRY bedding and work it in to help kill the little pests while your companion sleeps.
Stage 3 – Securing the Perimeter (Your Yard)
Last, but certainly not least, treat the yard. This can include simple strategies like raking, using Only Natural Pet All-in-One Flea Remedy or the more interesting possibility of using Beneficial Nematodes. [Read More about protecting your yard from fleas]
The Pre-emptive Strike
One last point to make: don't wait until you see fleas on your companion to treat your environment! If you live in an area with a predictable flea season, begin the treatment a month before it starts. If you live in the Southern US where flea season is every season, start now and plan to treat your home regularly. Using natural methods takes a bit more work than dropping a spot of pesticides on your cat's or dog's back, but in the long run your companion and your environment will be healthier for your efforts.
Also, remember that all of our flea products are on sale through April 30th, 2010!
Day 1 – About Fleas
Day 2 – Killing Fleas on your pets
Day 3 – Controlling Fleas in your environment
Coming up later this month! – Top 10 Common Myths about Fleas