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Ja'far ibn Muhammad (a.s.)
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Posted: 23 March 2014 at 1:11am
Name: Muhammad bin Ali (a.s.)
Mother: Sakina
Laqab (Title): Al Jawad
Birth: He was born at Madina in 195 A.H.
Martyrdom: He died of poison at Baghdad in the year 220 A.H. and is buried near his grandfather at Kazimiyyah in Iraq.
The Prophet (PBUH) had said:
"My father be sacrificed on the mother of the 9th Imam who will be a pure and pious Nubian."
Imam Musa Kazim (PBUH) had told one of his companions that his daughter-in-law (Sabika) would be one of the most pious of women and to give her his salaams. She came from the same tribe as the Prophet's wife - Mary Copt who bore the Prophet his son Ibrahim (who died in infancy).
Imam Muhammad taqi (PBUH) was born when his father was 45 years old. Till then Imam Reza (PBUH) had constantly been taunted that he had no children. When the 9th Imam was born, a brother of Imam Reza (PBUH) was angry because he would lose out in inheriting the Imam's property and in his jealousy spread a rumor that Imam Reza (PBUH) was not the father. He was eventually proved wrong by a person who could tell parentage.
The 9th Imam was 5 years old when his father was called to Tous(a city in Iran) by Ma'muon Rashid to be his "crown prince". When Imam Reza (PBUH) was leaving he saw his son putting sand in his hair. He asked why and the young Imam replied that this was what an orphan did.
His titles, life & works
He became an Imam at the age of 9. Ma'muon Rashid thought that as all the rulers before him had oppressed the Imams and their schemes had backfired that he would try to bribe the Imams. He tried to make the 8th Imam his crown prince and give him power and wealth but that also backfired.
He now tried to use power and wealth with the 9th Imam again but from a much younger age thinking that he would be able to influence him. His main purpose was also to make sure that the 12th Imam (whom he knew would bring justice to the world) would be from his progeny and therefore intended to marry his daughter Ummul Fazl to the Imam. Ma'muon still continued oppressing the family and followers of the Ahlul-bayt (PBUT).
Ma'muon called the young Imam (PBUH) to Baghdad from Medina and offered his daughter. This infuriated his family (Abbasids). To prove to them the excellence of Imam even at a young age he arranged a meeting between Imam and the most learned of men at that time -Yahya bin Athkam.
It was a grand occasion with some 900 other scholars present. Imam (PBUH) was first asked by Yahya:
What is the compensation (kaffara) for a person in Ehraam who hunted and killed his prey?"
Imam replied that there were many more details required before he could answer the question:
Did the Muhrim (one in Ehraam) hunt in the haram or outside?
Did the Muhrim know Sharia or not?
Did he hunt intentionally or not?
Did he hunt for the first time or was this one of many times?
WPBUH he free or a slave?
WPBUH his prey a bird or an animal?
WPBUH it big or small?
Had he hunted by day or by night?
WPBUH he baligh or not?
WPBUH he repentant or not?
WPBUH his ehraam for Hajj or Umra?
Yahya was stunned. He looked down and started sweating .I suggest u to find debate of imam Reza with scientists too.it was very wonderful .Zainab (AS) had very excellent speeches ,too.
Ma'muon asked the young Imam to answer the question, which he did, and then Imam asked Yayha a question which he could not answer. The Abbasids admitted defeat and Ma'muon took the opportunity to offer his daughter to Imam. Imam (PBUH) read his own Nikah (the khutba of which is used today) with the Mehr of 500 dirhams. Imam wrote a letter to Ma'muon that he would also give Ummul Fazl Mehr from the wealth of The World to Come (Aakhira ). This was in the form of 10 duas which were for fulfilling any hajaat (desires) Thus his title is Al-Jawad (the generous one).
* These duas are found in Mafatihul Jinaan (pg 447 - In margin)
Imam lived for a year inBaghdad with Ummul Fazl. She was very disobedient to Imam. When she found out that Imam had another wife (from the progeny of Ammar-e-Yasir) and that there were also children, she was jealous and angry realizing that her father's plan had failed. She complained to her father who also realized that his plan, to keep the 12th Imam in his progeny, had failed. He was enraged and in his rage he drank heavily and went to the 9th Imam's house and attacked Imam with a sword. Both Ummul Fazl and a servant saw the attack and believed Imam was dead. Ma'muon on waking next morning realized the consequences of his attack and was thinking of arranging the disposal of Imam's body when he saw Imam well without a scratch on him. He was confused and asked Imam who showed him an amulet which is called Hirze Jawad. Imam told him it was from his grand mother Bibi Fatima Zahra (PBUH) and kept the wearer safe from all except the angel of death. Ma'muon asked Imam for it and Imam gave him one.
Now Ma'muon was scared and tried a new tactic. He tried to deviate Imam by sending him beautiful girls and musicians. When he realized nothing was working he let Imam return toMedina.
Imam used this time to prepare the masails of Taqleed and Ijtihaad in preparation for the 12th Imam knowing that both the 10th and the 11th Imam would spend most of their lives in prison. He also prepared the people of Medina teaching true Islam knowing that this would be the last time they would be able to receive guidance directly from an Imam for a long time.
Ummul Fazl continuously complained of Imam to her father who sent her letters back.
Ma'muon died in 218 a.h. and was succeeded by his brother Mo'tasam Billah. He openly announced that all Shias were not Muslims. He said it was required for people to kill and prosecute Shias and to destroy property belonging to Shias.
Ummul Fazl now started complaining to her uncle who was sympathetic to her. Mo'tasam called Imam toBaghdad. He asked Imam to pass judgment of how to punish a thief. Imam said only fingers could be cut as the palms were for Allah (PBUH in Qur'an - it is one of the wajib parts to touch the ground during sajda). PBUH this decision was contrary to the decision of the other Scholars and it strengthened the position of the Shias. The other scholars complained to Mo'tasam.
Death & Burial
With instigation from both the scholars and Ummul Fazl, Mo'tasam sent poison which Ummul Fazl put in Imam's drink and gave it to him.then she ordered to her servants to applause and dance until people didn�t understand what happened,our imam asked her some water but she didn�t attention to him. Imam died on 29th Dhulqa'ada at the age of 25 years.his wife ordered that put his body on the roof of home and after 3 days when birds gathered near his holy body and friends of Imam were in doubt for his absence ,she ordered to hurtle his body on the floor. he is buried near his grandfather in Kadhimain. His son the 10th Imam, Imam Hadi (PBUH) buried him.
Summary of Imam's Work
It is he who prepared and wrote books for the masails of Ijtihaad and Taqleed which were essential to prepare believers for the ghaibat of the 12th Imam.
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Imam Zainul-Abideen (a.s)
In the period of the second caliph "Ummer", the Muslims conquered Iran. The daughters of Yazdgard were brought to Madina. All had gathered in the mosque of Madina to see what was the decision of the caliph, about them. He wanted to sell them but Imam Ali (A.S.) stopped him from doing so and said to Urnmer, "leave the girls free so that they marry whosoever they wish."
One of the girls chose Hussain Ibn-e-Ali (A.S.) and the other chose Imam Hassan Mujtaba (A.S.). Imam Ali (A.S.) said to Hussain, "Look after this woman very well, because, from her an Imam will come into existence (born) who will be the best of the God's creations upon the earth and the father of all the Imams (after himself). Not very long after that the sun of his existence arose, on Thursday, the 5th of Shaaban, 38th Hijrah, in Madina. He was named "Ali" later on titled as Zain-ul-Abidin (the decoration of the worshippers) and Sajjad (one who performs much prostration).
The Ethical and Moral Characteristics of Imam (A.S.)
1. Piety and Abstinence:
One of the special features of Imam's character was his piety and abstinence. Imam Jaffar Sadiq (A.S.) said, "Ali Ibn-ul-Hussain (A.S.) resembled most of all the sons of Bani Hashim, with Ali (A.S.)".
His son Imam Mohammad Baqir (A.S.) said, "One day I happened to see my father, I saw him (completely) immersed and (thoroughly pre occupied) in the prayers and with all the attention towards God. His color was faded and his eyes were sore and red due to weeping, his feet were swollen by (prostration) and legs, and knees had developed corns. I said humbly "Oh father, why do you loose your self control during the prayers and put yourself in such an inconvenience and discomfort.
My father wept and said, "Oh son however and whatsoever amount of prayers I perform even then it is meager and very little as compared to the prayers of your grandfather, "Ali Ibn-e-Abi Talib." Taous Yamni says, I saw Imam lying in prostration saying, "Oh God your servant, needy towards you, is in your house waiting for your blessing, forgiveness and favor".
2. Attention to the life and training of people:
Imam Zain-ul-Abidin (A.S.), like his grandfather, was busy in cultivating land and palm date orchards. He offered two Rakat of prayer near each palm date tree. During the prayers he would get himself so absorbed that he did not have any attention towards anything except God. He traveled to Mecca, on foot, twenty times. And continuously guided and conducted people through the attractive melody of the Qur'anic verses.
All the human qualities and attributes were collectively present in his personality. He was the complete specimen of tolerance, forgiveness and self-sacrifice. He looked after and administrated hundreds of houses of the poor and hunger stricken. Daily a number of goats were slaughtered in his house and he distributed all their meat among the afflicted. He dressed the naked and dress less ones and paid their debts and loans. But he himself took simple meals and put on simple dress.
A person came to Ali Ibn-ul-Hussain (A.S.) and started addressing him with filthy and abusive language. Imam (A.S.) turned his face towards him without the slightest anger and quarrel or strife and said, "Oh brother, if what you say is right and correct and these vices are present in me then God may pardon and forgive my sin. And if you are telling a lie then God may forgive you and pardon your sin."
The man was very much ashamed and asked Imam (A.S.) to pardon him. Abu Hamza Somali who was one of the friends of Imam (A.S.) asked his servant to briefly define the character and morals of Imam (A.S.). He said so, "I am at his service for so many years. Whatever I saw was righteousness, piety and purity.
My lord helps and assists the people and solves their problems, with all the difficulties worries and pre occupations that he himself faces. Zaid bin Usama was lying on the deathbed. Imam Sajjad (A.S.) visited him, Zaid was weeping. When Imam (A.S.) asked him the reason of his weeping he said, "I have to pay fifteen thousand Dinnars as my loan and debt and my wealth is not so much as to pay off the debt." Imam said, "Do not weep and be contented, I will pay all of your loan."
When the nights would become dark and all the people went to sleep, Imam Sajjad (A.S.) would get up put the food in a sack and on his shoulder. He covered his face so that he is not recognized. Then he took that food to the houses of the inflicted and have-nots and gave it to them.He administrated and looked after nearly a hundred guardians less family in Madina, most of them comprised indigent, helpless and crippled, handicapped and paralytic ones.
What a surprise! None of these families knew that Imam Zain-ul-Abidin (A.S.) was the one who managed and run their lives. But after his death, when the aids were discontinued they came to know that Imam (A.S.) was their helper and friend.
Accompanying and keeping pace with his father
He was beside his father right from the moment of his migration towards Karbala and followed his father. Imam Hussain (A.S.) step by step so that, when his father asked for help on the day of Ashoora he got up to extend help to his father. But Hazrat Zainab (S.A.) stopped him and said, "You are the only memorial remnant of this family and the Imam after Imam Hussain (A.S.) and you are the guardian of all of us. Your divine mission is to convey the message of the martyrs to the people.
Although a segment of the people who are unaware consider the Imam to be a sick, invalid, handicapped and weak person. But they are seriously mistaken because the illness of Imam was an expedience and policy of God, so that he may remain safe from the harm of the enemy's sword, and become the living history of Karbala.
Therefore, after the martyrdom of Imam Hussain (A.S.) and his companions Shimar came into the encampment of Imam along with a group of murderers of Bani Ommayide so that he may kill the remaining ones of the camp of Imam Hussain (A.S.). Since he was ill, Shimar's companions objected upon him and Umer Saad came after them and reprimanded Shimar regarding this decision and turned him out of the encampment. And said, "He is an ill man and cannot do a thing, leave him alone."
The movement of Imam (A.S.) and his clamor begins
Imam (A.S.) who along with the left behind families of martyrs was besieged by the enemy, came out on the morning of 11th Moharram, the 61st Hijrah. They had chained his hands and feet and placed the heads of the martyrs in front of him so that his sorrow and grief is increased.
There is no doubt about it that if Imam was not there in Karbala to see all the crimes of Yazeed from a close quarter and convey it to the people of Kufa and Syria, Bani Ommayide would not have become defamed and disgraced to that extent. The family of Hussain (A.S.), as against the concept of a foolish and silly group who think they were defeated, where ever they set foot, they would announce the success of their revolution and the defeat of Yazeed. What more and superb conquest could be imagined about, than this that the enemy was highly afraid of them. Where ever they opened their lips to speak people would manifest their feelings and emotions and paid them respect and homage and rebuked, reproached, and cursed their enemies.
Imam's Speech in Kufa
When the carvan of the prisoners reached Kufa and all the people were keenly trying to see the prisoners. Imam (A.S.) noticed that Kufis did not recognize them otherwise they were not that indifferent. Therefore, Imam by his hand gave the people the signal to keep quiet. All of them adopted silence and lent ears to him. Suddenly the memorial of Hussain (Imam) opened his lips and said, "Oh the people of Kufa! I am the son of Hussain (A.S.), I am Ali the son of Ali (A.S.), Fatimah (S.A.) and Prophet (P.B.U.H.). I am the son of that Imam (A.S.) whose sons were killed and his properties looted and plundered and his family held prisoners before you. You wrote invitation letters to my father.
When he came towards you, you killed him. What will you reply to God and his Prophet (P.B.U.H.) on the justice day. You did not observe the honor and sanctity of your Prophet (P.B.U.H.) annoyed his soul. Woe to you, what a bad people you are."
Imam (A.S.) arose and alerted the sleeping consciences by these statements and addresses broke and tore the hearts and rolled the tears out of the eyes and changed the celebrations and joys of Bani Ommayide into a sorrow and grief.
In the Court of Ibn-e-Ziad
Keeping in view the reports of the officials about the turmoil and disturbance of the Kufa city, Ibn-e-Ziad ordered that they (Prisoners) must be brought to the court, as soon as possible. The unclean, dirty, obnoxious and ostentatious son of Ziad held a grand aggregation comprising of all the nobles, notable, dignitaries of Kufa to show off his power to them. And threaten and intimidate them so that in future they do not pluck the courage of uttering any words. Others should know that whosoever opposes, shall meet the same fate. Thus they showed the remaining (family) of Imam Hussain (A.S.) in and all those present there gazed and looked at them. They were looking on at them with amazement; none of them took any notice of Ibn-e-Ziad, the killer of Kufa.
The son of Ziad was furious and enraged and wanted to show disrespect to them. But he could not dare it. Hazrat Imam Sajjad (A.S.) addressed him saying "Oh the son of Ziad! Today you are sitting on the seat and throne of Power and the sons of the Prophet (P.B.U.H.) are standing before you. Do not think you have any value in our eyes. These words proved so much effective that the ruler of Kufa lost his wits and was stunned and started using foul and rotten language and threatened them. Thereafter, he ordered that Imam Sajjad (A.S.) be slain, but due to the hue and cry of the prisoners and the objection of those present he refrained from it. But Imam (A.S.) addressed him saying: "You scare me from death. You must know that being killed and slain is our habit and martyrdom is our nobility and generosity."
Ibn-e-Ziad did not know what to do and what to say. He did not have any alternative except to order the prisoners be taken away from the assembly as soon as possible.
In The Court of Yazeed
The family, kith and kin of the Prophet (P.B.U.H.), which were tired and exhausted, grieved and sorrowful, was all tied up with one single rope and were brought into the court and assembly of Yazeed. They adopted the same conduct and behavior with Yazeed, which they had previously shown towards Ibn-e-Ziad. None of them gave any attention and took any notice of Yazeed. Thereby, Imam (A.S.) raised his head and said, "You, who claim to be Muslim, say, what would the Prophet (P.B.U.H) do with you and say to you if he sees us in this condition that you have taken us prisoners."
This strong sentence of Imam (A.S.) made those present on the occasion weep and Yazeed was embarrassed and bewildered and at once ordered the ropes to be let loose and open.
Then he started ill speaking and vilification. So, at once the children of Imam Hussain (A.S.) and Imam Sajjad (A.S.) resisted and withstood him and delivered speeches, which dishonored and disgraced his lineage and family. It came to it, that from inside his haram sarai (women's apartment) a noise of objection, protest and crying raised. These shootings and voices of crying, and protests each one was striking upon the head of Yazeed like, as if it was a hammer.
And that woke him up from the deep slumber and sleep of drunkenness. He knew that if he detained the remaining of the family of Prophet (P.B.U.H.) for another few moments a revolt will start and his life will come to an end. He saw himself drowned in the ocean of the protest, objections, fury and anger of the people. He looked this way and that way to find a way out to get himself cleared off the crimes.
Suddenly, he shouted and said, "curse of God be upon Ibn-e-Ziad. I was not in favor of killing Hussain (A.S.) and taking his remaining family as prisoners. But then it was all over and water had crossed the bridges and all the people knew that he himself was the real criminal.
So he at once ordered the officials to take the prisoners to a place which had been provided in advance for them, so that he is not faced with any further shame and disgrace. They stationed the family of the Prophet (P.B.U.H.) in an unsuitable place. But they did not sit silent and quiet even there and whenever they laid their hands upon any chance they did inform the people about the crimes of Yazeed. So much so that the three years old daughter of Imam Hussain (A.S.) named Rukkia took part and played a role in this combat and campaign.
Imam (A.S.) in Syria's Mosque
One day, Yazeed arranged and organized a grand aggregation and assembly in the mosque of Damascus (Syria) the seat of his power and government, to cover and make good his defeats. He ordered his ostentatious speakers to praise him and take liberty and adopt presumptuous attitude towards the family of Prophet (P.B.U.H.) and use foul and abusive language. So that he may make the people optimist as regards to his crime and manifest the children of the Prophet (P.B.U.H.) as if (God forbid) at fault, and to belittle them in the eyes of he people.
Imam Sajjad (A.S.) was sitting in a corner of the assembly and listening to the speech of the speaker of Yazeed when he praised Yazeed and used abusive language about the family and lineage of the Prophet (P.B.U.H.). Imam (AS.) shouted loudly at him saying. "Woe to you oh dishonest agent! You have raised the anger and enraged God and provided hell for yourself to please and make Yazeed happy.
Then he turned his face towards Yazeed and said, "Allow me to climb up these wooden (step of tribune) to speak and make the Almighty God and people happy."
In the beginning Yazeed did not pay heed to him but those present asked him to allow and give permission to him. So he was obliged to give him permission but there was a huge tempest going on in his heart as to what will finally happen? Imam (A.S.) got himself seated up on the tribune and after the praise of God and thank giving to God said, "Oh people! God has bestowed upon us wisdom, knowledge, fortitude, forbearance, bravery, faith and piety. Be informed that the Prophet (P.B.U.H.) of Islam, Ali (A.S.) and Jaffar-e-Tayyar are ours. Hamza, the chief of martyrs, Imam Hassan and Imam Hussain (A.S.) who were the beloved ones of the Prophet (P.B.U.H.) are from (among) us.
All of a sudden the people were shocked and moved, the hearts started beating fast in the chests and they focused their eyes upon Imam (A.S.). They were astonished and said to themselves what a surprise they had told us that these are Kharijis (a group of rebellions and mutinous who was ousted from the religion) who have stood up against the government. That means they lied to us. These are the best of the creations of God on the earth. The sentences (of Imam [A.S.]), which followed, made the people more informed. The Imam (A.S.) said, "I am the son of Mecca and Mina, I am the son of Zam Zam and Safa (that meant all of these were connected to them).
I am the son of the one who ascended to the skies (Meraj), I am the son of the Prophet (P.B.U.H.) of God. I am the son of Ali Murtaza (A.S.), I am the son of Fatima (S.A.). I am the son of Hussain (A.S.) who (they) killed in the Karbala without any fault and sin." All of a sudden, people burst into a huge noise of crying and weeping. Yazeed saw himself besieged. He yelled, "Oh Muezzin (caller to the prayer), call the Azzan (call to the prayer).
The voice of Allah-o-Akber was raised. Imam said, 'Nothing is greater than God." The Muezzin said, "I witness to it that there is no God except the God." Imam said, "My flesh, skin and bones do attest and stand witness to it." The Muezzin said, "I give witness to it that Mohammad (P.B.U.H) is the Prophet of God." Imam said, "Oh the caller for prayers Muezzin, for the sake of the same Prophet (P.B.U.H.) whose name you are calling stop for a while!!! Then he turned towards Yazeed and said, "Oh Yazeed this Prophet (P.B.U.H.) whose name is being called, is my grandfather or yours? If you say he was yours you have told a lie. And if you say he was my grandfather then why did you kill his sons in Karbala and take his children prisoners."
When Yazeed saw that he was unable to reply, he at once stood up to offer his prayer, for deceiving the people. Imam (A.S.) walked out of the mosque, along with a group of Syrians, as a protest. These words and sentences proved so effective that Yazeed was obliged and forced to send the Ahl al-Bayt (member of the Prophet [P.B.U.H.] family) respectfully and graciously to Madina. Following these protests, hue and cry and turmoil, anger, and hate of the people, the flags of revolution against yazeed and government of Bani Ommayide were hoisted.
It was clear that the pivot and nucleus of the movement was the movement of Imam Sajjad (A.S.). A turmoil and revolt against Yazeed took shape in Madina. He decided to stop the movement by means of massacre and mass killings. But it was all in vain. Therefore, he sent his forces to Madina under the command of a dirty and wicked man named Muslim bin Aqba delegating him complete powers. He, along with his soldiers, kept attacking the house of the people for a period of three days. They plundered and looted the wealth of the people, and killed approximately ten thousand of them. But it either did not have any effect. Thereafter, Yazeed did not spend a single day happily and every moment he was getting closer to his death.
Finally, the dark, and black file of his life was closed in the year 64 Hijrah. He died and his son Muawiyah-II succeeded him. But after forty days time he resigned his post and abandoned the throne due to his father's crimes and disgrace of his lineage and family. Abdullah Ibn-e-Zubair who had been lustful and greedy for power for many long years arose in Mecca and took hold and control of the government. Marwan grasped the seat of power in Syria. The war of power started and each one of the two got himself prepared for the annihilation of the other. After a short period Marwan died and his son Abdul Malik was enthroned in his father's place. After gaining power, he besieged Mecca in the year 73 Hijrah and killed Abdullah bin Zubair.
Abdul Malik was a man; base and miser man and he did not have any human quality and mercy. So that one day he told Mussabbab, "I dislike good deeds and works." One of his great crimes was to empower "Hajjaj bin Yousuf in Kufa and Basra, who was notorious for his mercilessness, cruelty, and brutality. He in a short span of time martyred one hundred and twenty thousand friends of Imam Ali (A.S.) and imprisoned a large segment of them. Abdul Malik was extremely vigilant regarding Hazrat Sajjad (A.S.) and he was after an excuse to arrest him (A.S.). As a result, he arrested him and brought him to Syria (Damascus). But due to the revolt and turmoil of the people, he was forced to send him back to Madina.
The Event of Imam (A.S.) and Hasham
After committing crimes for many long years, Abdul Malik passed away and his son hasham was enthroned in his father's place. One day, he traveled to Mecca in the Hajj season so as to perform Hajj (as per his own version). That was to deceive the simple-minded people. He wanted to perform circumambulation but he could not do it, because there was such a big and huge gathering. So he was forced to sit in a corner to wait for the huge crowd and gathering to get thin.
All of a sudden Imam Sajjad (A.S.) arrived to the Haram and people recited benediction for him, and cleared the way for him. He, after performing circumambulation moved towards the Hajar ul Aswad (the black stone) to rub his hand on it. Hasham witnessed this scene and was greatly annoyed and uncomfortable. He said with carelessness and inattentively "who is this man"? "I do not know him?"
Farzdak who was a freedom-loving poet at once turned his face towards Hasham and said, "Oh Hasham I am surprised why you do not recognize him? If you do not know him, I know him very well. Listen, so that I introduce him to you." He is someone that the land of Mecca and the House of the God know him. "He is the one whose grandfather is the Prophet (P.B.U.H.) of Islam. God keeps on bestowing his benediction and blessings upon them continuously.
He is the son of the best of the servants of God. He is that famous and well known pious. When you say you do not know him this thing does not harm him. If you do not know him (so what) the Arab and Ajam (Non Arab World) knows him." Hasham was very enraged and got highly flared up by the words of Farzdak, and ordered him to be imprisoned. The Imam (A.S.) sent him a gift in the prison and appreciated his inconveniences. One day he got freed from the prison.
Hazrat Sajjad (A.S.) and the Sahifa-e-Sajjadia
When the Imam got stuck in a tight corner and was virtually besieged he was obliged to state his objects and motive in the form of the prayers. These prayers have been compiled in the shape of a book named "Sahifa-e-Sajjadia." This is an ocean of topics and objects of science, mathematics, physics, astronomy, social and political sciences and ethics. Obviously and apparently this is a book of prayers. But, in fact, this is the expression of fact, pains, and difficulties. We present here a few sentences of it as a specimen.
1. Oh God! I take asylum and refuge with you from the revolt, and rebellious (attitude) refractoriness, of the anger and jealousy and the scarcity of patience, and extravagance and intemperance in life.
Oh God! Keep me alive till my life is led in your service and obedience and when it becomes the pasture and meadow of Satan, take me towards yourself and take my life."
2. Oh sons! Respect you father and mother because if the father was not there you would not have come into existence. Look at the mother that she looks after you with all of her existence (energies). She is not afraid of it that she herself remains hungry and feeds you. She herself remains cloth less (without dress) and covers (dresses) you. She remains in the sun and places you in the Shadow. You cannot thank her. This is God who has the power of thanking her (giving her the reward).
3. Watch over and attend your child because his good or bad (virtues) are related and connected to you and you are responsible for his training and guidance.
4. Be kind to your brother and sister because he/she is your hand (helper) and your power. Help him against the enemy and be his well wisher.
5. Respect your teacher and be polite in his assembly (session) and listen carefully to his words. Do not talk loudly before him. If somebody questions him about something do not reply before he does although you may know the answer to that (question).
6. Respect your neighbour and help and assist him. If you happen to observe a fault or sin of him do hide it and when he slips (commits sin) admonish him.
7. Be just in your conduct and behaviour with friend and love him as he loves you.
If he makes up his mind to commit a sin stop him from that and always be a blessing for him, not a torment for him.
Imam's (A.S.) Martyrdom
At last after bearing grief's and inconveniences the magnanimous and great Imam (A.S.) was poisoned and martyred by Hasham Ibn-e-Abdul Malik on 25th of Moharram, 95th Hijrah and was buried in the graveyard of Baqi, beside the grave of Imam Hassan (A.S.) and today his gave is the site of visit for the lovers and adorers of his path.
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Name: Ja'far ibn Muhammad (a.s.)
Mother: Umm Farwa, the daughter of Qasim bin Muhammad bin Abu Bakr.
Kunniyat (Patronymic): Abu 'Abdillah.
Laqab (Title): Al-Sadiq.
Birth: He was born at Madina in 83 A.H.
Martyrdom: He died of poison in 148 A.H. and is buried at Baqi near his father.
Birth of Imam Sadiq(as):
The sun of the existence of Imam jafar as Sadiq (AS) arose from the lap of his mother Umm-e-Farwah on the 17th of Rabiul Awal, 83rd year Hijrah, in the city of Madina. Imam jafar as Sadiq (AS) has the same birth date as that of our Holy Prophet Muhammad (SAW).
Family Backgroung of Imam jafar Sadiq(as):
Imam jafar as Sadiq (AS) has three titles; they are: As-Sadiq, Al-Fadil, At-Tahir
His father Imam Muhammad Baqir (AS) was much happy and pleased by the birth of his son. His mother Umm-e-Farwah was the grand daughter of Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr, who was one of the companions of Imam Ali (AS). Imam Ali (AS) repeatedly said about him that, "Muhammad is my spiritual and moral son." Asma Bint Umais was the mother of Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr, and she was considered to be a pious woman. She was continuously in the service of Hazrat Fatima Zahra (SA) and took pride in it. After the martyrdom of her husband jafar ibn Abi Talib in the Battle of Mu�tah, Asma Bint Umais married Abu Bakr Siddiq and after his death, married to Imam Ali (AS).
Imam jafar as Sadiq (AS) said about her mother, "My mother was one of the pious, faithful and devoted women." Imam jafar as Sadiq (AS) was 15 years of age when his grandfather Imam Sajjad (AS) was martyred and 34 years old when his father Imam Muhammad Baqir (AS) was martyred.
Political Background:
Consequent upon the martyrdom of Imam Hussain (AS) the government of Bani Umayyah was shaken which turned the people into their enemy and pessimist about them. This opened the avenue for the formation of Bani Abbasid government. The gap in between these two powers opened the way for the propagation of Shiia ideology and school of thought. Imam jafar as Sadiq (AS) could, through a learning movement, propagate the learning�s of Islam in such a way to extend and make it reach all the people in the World.
Characteristic of Imam jafar Sadiq (as):
The Characteristic distinctions of Imam jafar as Sadiq (AS)We all know that the conduct of men is the reflection of their inner character and everyone can be recognized by his conduct.
There are only a very few people who do not spill out their conduct and whatever they have in their interior and do not exhibit it. Whatever they have in their hearts kindles the exterior of the electric lamp like an electric switch.
Whole of the life of Imam jafar as Sadiq (AS), like the other Imams (AS), was the enlightened lesson of the real and true Islam. He himself was considered to be the example and specimen of the Islamic ethic, moral and conduct.
You cannot find a father and a son among all the people, of all the tribes who may resemble each other from all the angles of ideas, thoughts, character and conduct. But the family of the Prophet of Islam (PBUH) and his successors all were on the same line and performed their heavenly duty with one aim, one ideology, and did not have any kind of difference in speech, character and ethical conduct.
Ethical value and virtue of Imam Sadiq jafar (as)
About the ethical value and virtue of Imam jafar as Sadiq (AS), it is sufficient that out of four thousands of his students even a single one did not object or criticize upon the moral character and conduct of Imam jafar as Sadiq (AS), and did not find a weak point in it. He was a practical example and specimen for the Muslims with respect to eating, relaxing and resting, walking, speaking, and conducts with others. He had the same social conduct with his friends as he had with his children.
His Life
During the Imamate of the sixth Imam greater possibilities and a more favorable climate existed for him to propagate religious teachings. This came about as a result of revolts in Islamic lands, especially the uprising of the Muswaddah to overthrow the Umayyad caliphate, and the bloody wars which finally led to the fall and extinction of the Umayyads. The greater opportunities for Shi'ite teachings were also a result of the favorable ground the fifth Imam had prepared during the twenty years of his Imamate through the propagation of the true teachings of Islam and the sciences of the Household of the Prophet (sawas).
The Imam took advantage of the occasion to propagate the religious sciences until the very end of his Imamate, which was contemporary with the end of the Umayad, and beginning of the Abbasid caliphates. He instructed many scholars in different fields of the intellectual and transmitted sciences, such as Zararah, Muhammad ibn Muslim, Mu'min Taqi, Hisham ibn Hakam, Aban ibn Taghlib, Hisham ibn Salim, Hurayz, Hisham Kalbi Nassabah, and Jabir ibn Hayyan, the alchemist. Even some important Sunni scholars such as Sufyan Thawri, Abu Hanifah, the founder of the Hanafi school of law, Qadi. l Sukuni, Qadi Abu'l-Bakhtari, and others, had the honour of being his students. It is said that his classes and sessions of instruction produced four thousand scholars of hadith and other sciences. The number of traditions preserved from the fifth and sixth Imams is more than all the hadith that have been recorded from the Prophet (sawas) and the other ten Imams combined.
Towards the end of his life the Imam was subjected to severe restrictions by the Abbasid caliph Mansur, who ordered such torture and merciless killing of many of the descendants of the Prophet (sawas) who were Shi'ite that his actions even surpassed the cruelty and heedlessness of the Umayyads. On his order they were arrested in groups, some thrown into deep and dark prisons and tortured until they died, while others were beheaded or buried alive or placed at the base of or between walls of buildings, and walls were constructed over them.
Hisham, the Umayyad caliph, had ordered the sixth Imam to be arrested and brought to Damascus. Later, the Imam was arrested by Saffah., the Abbasid caliph, and brought to Iraq. Finally, Mansur had him arrested again and brought to Samarrah where he had the Imam kept under supervision, was in every way harsh and discourteous to him, and several times thought of killing him. Eventually the Imam was allowed-to return to Medina where he spent the rest of his life in hid-ing, until he was poisoned and martyred through the intrigue of Mansur.
Upon hearing the news of the imam's martyrdom, Mansur wrote to the governor of Medina instructing him to go to the house of the Imam on the pretext of expressing his condolences to the family, to ask for the Imam's will and testament and read it. Whoever was chosen by the Imam as his inheritor and successor should be beheaded on the spot. Of course the aim of Mansur was to put an end to the whole question of the Imamate and to Shi'ite aspirations. When the governor of Medina following orders, read the last will and testament. He learnt that the Imam had chosen four people rather than one to administer his last will and testament: the caliph himself, the governor of Medina, 'Abdallah Aftah., the Imam's older son and Musa, his younger son. In this way the plot of Mansur failed.
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Nike Air Vapormax Chukka Slip Qs
Patnaik said, if anything, he hopes Tom disease Nike Air Vapormax Flyknit Dark Grey
Even though he not going under the knife, there are still plenty of risks.
consultations, the day was all about him. Nike Vapormax Flyknit Oreo
"It hard to spin, to you know, play forward and see a year out what situation we would be in. But, you can put the gratitude into words. You just can put the gratitude into words," Tom said.
"He felt good enough. He was able to go out there, the two of us, or with help of friends, we got everything done," Braithwaite wife Tacey said. "We even have the Christmas lights up. We don want to be the only dark house on the cul de sac."
Tom and Tacey will stay at a nearby transplant house while Tom has outpatient treatment. Through the chemo, blood transfusions, good days and bad, Tom background as a doctor has helped him understand this whole process.
When a nurse asked him how his weekend was, however, Braithwaite was thinking about others.
"I remember the first time I met him, I could see the pain in his eyes, hearing a younger physician go over some of these things, talking about death, the process of dying. How it can be averted, some of the things that can be done. What was beautiful is he processed that," Patnaik said. "I talked to him a few days later and he said, ready, let do this. really is no way to know, donor or not, what the outcome will be from this day on.
The internal medicine physician has had his own darkness to deal with for the last decade. In 2003, he was diagnosed with non Hodgkins lymphoma. He went in remission, but the cancer came back. He went into remission again, but relapsed just a few years ago.
Tom hopes this will be the cure he has been waiting for and hopes others are inspired to become bone marrow donors as well.
"I won deny when we left home yesterday we had a good cleansing cry. It very emotional leaving your home base. It not a sadness in a sense that I not going to be back, but you do feel your life is in a sense of suspended animation for a while," Tom said.
Braithwaite Gets Bone Marrow Transplant
ROCHESTER, MN "This deep dive has been going on for almost ten years," Dr. Tom Braithwaite said while sitting in a doctor office at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, MN.
Technology has helped increase the survival rate of this procedure. The Mayo Clinic has done bone marrow transplants for about 50 years, and will usually do about 450 per year. The transplant is not like a kidney or a liver transplant, because there is no surgery. This will be more like a blood transfusion. The donor cells will be transfused via a catheter that is put under Tom collar bone.
Tom has found a donor, but there are millions who will not. The National Marrow Registry has millions of people on its donor list, however matches can be very rare.
However, in August, Tom got the call that a match was found somewhere else in the United States.
We asked Tom if he was prepared for anything; if it was even possible to be prepared for anything.
Stem cells are collected from Tom donor, and will be flown into the Mayo Clinic in Rochester the day of his procedure. The donor, a woman only described as being from the continental United States, will remain anonymous for a year, but Tom knows he may never meet her.
Though he was in remission recently, high dosages of chemotherapy essentially destroyed his bone marrow, giving him a disease called Myelodisplastic Syndrome. After not one, but two attempts to find him a match at bone marrow donor drives in his honor in the Sioux Falls area, none of his friends and family were suitable donors.
will inspire others to become bone marrow donors. Saving a life is as easy as a cotton swab test at the doctor office, or you can even have one mailed to your home.
"Oh, you have to be prepared for it," Tom said without hesitation. "You know the phrase we have used time and time again, or what I used is I have one foot in reality. on November 14. The transplant happens whenever the donor cells arrive at Mayo Clinic.
However, it also means he is all too aware of how a bone marrow transplant does not always mean a cure.
As he got his blood pressure taken and went through a few Nike Vapormax Triple Black 3.0
"The risk really starts a few days or weeks after the process. That why he has to be here for three to four months in Rochester and our care team sees him on a daily basis," Dr. Mrinal Patnaik, a hematologist at the Mayo Clinic said.
His blood counts will be low and his risk for infection will be high. He will have to wear a mask to protect his immune system. He could also get graft versus host disease, a deadly condition which means the stem cells could reject his body.
Just like he did with his Christmas lights, as he moves forward to the beginning of a Nike Air Vapormax Chukka Slip Qs new journey, for himself and for the people who will go through this same process, Tom is leaving the light on.
"I think we can take even the darkest moments of our lives, the times that are most challenging, the times that really cause us to face our deepest fears of death, fears of loss of connection and what you might miss out and you can use that as a way of achieving good. At least that our hope and prayer," Braithwaite said.
After a few more tests and consultations with doctors and pharmacists, Tom will be ready for his bone marrow transplant.
"Our cul de sac decorates, so we didn want to let down all of our friends and neighbors," Tom said.
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Sure, we've seen a couple slick-looking LED lamps before, but those were egregiously expensive. Lumisource's Luminance desk lamp also combines style with the latest in lighting tech for under $100.
Powered by three strips of LED lights, the lamp also has mood lights that run along the bottom, adding that extra bit of flair to the design. And at $65 a pop, you could afford to buy two while hardly breaking a financial sweat. That is, if you wanted to. [Amazon via 7 Gadgets]


text:
NHL: Rangers slip past Sabres in shootout
NEW YORK -- Rick Nash had a goal and assist and also scored in the shootout to lead the New York Rangers to a 3-2 win over the Buffalo Sabres on Sunday night.
Ryan Callahan also scored for New York in the shootout. Derek Stepan added a goal, and Henrik Lundqvist made 28 saves. New York has won two in a row.
Drew Stafford and Nathan Gerbe scored for Buffalo. Ryan Miller stopped 26 of 28 shots. The Sabres' season-high three-game winning streak was ended.
New York received a scare 3:28 into the third when Brad Richards was shoved from behind into the half boards by Sabres right wing Patrick Kaleta. Kaleta was assessed a five-minute major for checking from behind and was given a game misconduct.
Richards was on the ice for nearly two minutes before being helped to the bench. He returned to the game.
Nash and Callahan scored in the shootout while Jason Pominville and Tyler Ennis missed for Buffalo.
It was Buffalo's third straight game that ended in a shootout. The Sabres had won the previous two.
Stepan's power-play goal seven seconds after the penalty tied the game at 1-1.
Stepan one-timed a diagonal Nash pass over Miller for his second power-play goal of the season. The New York center screamed after the puck hit the back of the net.
Forty-three seconds later, on the same power play, Nash gave the Rangers a 2-1 lead with his fifth of the season.
Nathan Gerbe tied it at 2-2 at 8:19 of the third period on a nice pass from Steve Ott.
Stafford's goal 8:04 into the second period opened the scoring. Rookie center Mikhail Grigorenko beat Richards on an offensive zone faceoff, winning the puck back to Stafford. The Buffalo right wing's snap shot appeared to deflect off a stick and fluttered past Lundqvist.
NOTES: Buffalo left wing Thomas Vanek missed the game with an undisclosed injury. Vanek also missed the Sabres' 4-3 shootout win over the Devils on Saturday. Vanek is tied for third in the league with 27 points. ... Defenseman T.J. Brennan and left wing John Scott were healthy scratches for the Sabres. New York scratched defenseman Matt Gilroy and right wing Arron Asham.


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One common argument I have heard against moving to a 3-4 defense is that we presently don't have the personnel for it. I have three thoughts on this: 1) we obviously don't have the personnel for a 4-3 either; 2) don't we have to make serious personnel changes anyway?; and 3) why are we clinging to a style of defense that has yielded mediocre results at best for years? Would it hurt to try something new like a 3-4? The only time I remember the Packers D being good in the last few decades was during the mid 90s with Reggie and company. Well, boredom carried me to ridiculous levels just now because I decided to see how the Packers have finished in the main defensive category of yards per game over the course of the last 12 years or so. (I didn't go back further in part because this took too long and also because our defenses just sucked before that.)
- 2008 = #20 overall, #26 rush, #12 pass
- 2007 = #11 overall, #14 rush, #12 pass
- 2006 = #12 overall, #13 rush, #17 pass
- 2005 = #7 overall, #23 rush, #1 pass
- 2004 = #25 overall, #14 rush, #25 pass
- 2003 = #17 overall, #10 rush, #23 pass
- 2002 = #12 overall, #21 rush, #3 pass
- 2001 = #12 overall, #16 rush, #15 pass
- 2000 = #15 overall, #8 rush, #19 pass
- 1999 = #19 overall, #22 rush, #18 pass
- 1998 = #4 overall, #4 rush, #10 pass
- 1997 = #7 overall, #20 rush, #8 pass
- 1996 = #1 overall, #4 rush, #1 pass
Sure there were a couple decent seasons from the pass D, but overall, the defense has been consistently mediocre. Only 2 times in the last 12 years have the Packers had a defense finish in the top 5 overall in yards per game allowed, 1996 and 1998. Of course, LeRoy Butler recently shared with the 1250 WSSP listening audience that during those years it was common for the defense to shift from their 4-3 base to a 3-4 set. On the show, LeRoy talked about how effective their use of the 3-4 was back then and how in general, a 3-4 defense gives a team a greater variety of looks/options with regard to blitzing, coverage and gap fills (if you will, I made that expression up…I have to admit, I did consider not admitting I made this expression up so I could mislead you all into believing I'm down with modern defensive lingo – but I'm not down with any defensive lingo so I decided to come clean).
Anyway, my point is this: why not just give it a try? Whether it's Mike Nolan or Keith Butler or Andy Hayes. Just give it a try.
(Note: as I sifted through the defensive stats of the last 12 years, it wasn't surprising to me to see Pittsburgh up near the top almost every year in every defensive category. By now, you all know of my developing man-crush on Pittsburgh's D Coordinator Dick LeBeau – he's a genius. Oh, and he has used a 3-4 for years.)


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NAACP: Historic moments hold important lessons
- Momentous events marked end of slavery in 1863 and pricked the nation's conscience against Jim Crow laws in 1963.
- Yet segregated schools, discrimination and voter suppression remain.
- Answers to progress in the future can be found in the past.
In 2013, we mark two profoundly transformative events: the 150th anniversary of the Emancipation Proclamation and the 50th anniversary of the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom.
These momentous events — which marked the beginning of the official process to end slavery in the South on Jan. 1, 1863, and pricked the nation's conscience against Jim Crow laws on Aug. 28, 1963 — led to significant progress for African Americans. But many barriers to equal rights persist today.
African-American and other students of color continue to be relegated to poorly resourced and increasingly segregated schools. We have the world's largest prison population. Voter suppression laws in 30 states attempted to disenfranchise the poor, elderly and people of color. Racial discrimination in employment, housing and lending are rampant. And a recent Associated Press poll found that 51% of Americans express explicit anti-black attitudes. We should look to the past to uncover lessons for today.
Douglass and Lincoln
Frederick Douglass was the first to urge a president — Abraham Lincoln — to "kill slavery at the heart of the nation." Though it took some time before Lincoln signed the Emancipation Proclamation, Douglass urged patience. "Lincoln may be slow," he told African Americans, "but he will take no step backward."
Fifty years after the Emancipation Proclamation, NAACP founder W.E.B. Du Bois lauded the change in American society: "From slavery to freedom, from 4 million to 10 million, from denial of citizenship to enfranchisement, from being owned chattels to ownership of $600 million in property." Yet Du Bois also warned that achieving justice could take decades — even lifetimes, adding: "The Negro has refused to believe that the present hesitation and hypocrisy of America is final."
MLK and JFK
As the 100th anniversary of the Emancipation Proclamation approached, a new civil rights leader again pressed a president for action. In 1962, Martin Luther King presented President Kennedy with a comprehensive outline for a Second Emancipation Proclamation.
"Segregation is but a new form of slavery," said King, who called on Kennedy to use his executive power as Lincoln had to initiate a "dramatic and historic step forward in the area of race relations." For his social prescription, King also drew from history. "The wellsprings of our equality lie deep within our past," King wrote.
Kennedy did not respond to King's proposal, but it did not deter the civil rights movement. Rather, it mobilized more than a quarter-million people of all races to fill the capital's Mall demanding passage of meaningful civil rights legislation, an immediate end to school segregation, protection of the right to vote and a public works program for all unemployed.
We honor the legacy of those historic events by continuing the fight against racial profiling, police abuse, overincarceration of our young men, abandonment of our children in failing schools, discrimination in employment and throughout our economy, and attempts to erode our hard-won right to vote.
Barack Obama, who will be inaugurated for a historic second term, is the first president since Lincoln to hang a copy of the Emancipation Proclamation in the Oval Office. Let us raise our voices, focus our minds, and act with full hearts to give lasting life to the promise of that document.
Benjamin Todd Jealous is the president and CEO of the NAACP.
In addition to its own editorials, USA TODAY publishes diverse opinions from outside writers, including our Board of Contributors.


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Posted on Friday, June 28, 2013
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Recommended update for IBM Java2
(Last modified: 03AUG2004)
solutions Recommended update for IBM Java2 SuSE Linux Maintenance Web (d5b9ee2e16b4641918c17f1b49f9598d)
Product(s): SUSE CORE 9 for IBM zSeries 64bit
Patch: patch-9245
Release: 20040803
Obsoletes: none
rpm -Fvh IBMJava2-JRE.rpm IBMJava2-SDK.rpm
Download Source Packages
Download the source code of the patches for maintained products.
The Origin of this information may be internal or external to Novell. Novell makes all reasonable efforts to verify this information. However, the information provided in this document is for your information only. Novell makes no explicit or implied claims to the validity of this information.
Any trademarks referenced in this document are the property of their respective owners. Consult your product manuals for complete trademark information.


text:
Limited memory sizes and latencies have become a primary bottleneck. In cloud-computing scenarios, the number of virtual systems that can be co-located on a physical system mainly depends on the amount of available memory on the hosting server. In this project, we research novel methods for main memory deduplication as well as techniques that make memory deduplication more efficient.
Memory Deduplication
Hints for Memory Scanners
In cloud computing, virtual machines (VMs) permit the flexible allocation and migration of services as well as the consolidation of systems onto fewer physical machines, while preserving strong service isolation. However, in that scenario the available main memory size limits the number of VMs that can be co-located on a single machine.
Prior work has shown great opportunity for memory deduplication. There may be plenty of redundant data between VMs (inter-VM sharing), e.g., if similar operating systems (OSes) or applications are used in different VM instances. Moreover, previous studies have shown that the memory footprint of VMs often contains a significant amount of pages with equal content within a single instance (self-sharing)[1]. In both cases, memory can be freed by collapsing redundant pages to a single page and sharing it in a copy-on-write fashion. However, such pages cannot be identified using traditional sharing mechanisms due to the semantic gap[2] caused by the isolation of VMs.
Memory scanners mitigate the semantic gap by scanning for duplicate content in guest pages[6,7]. They index the contents of memory pages at a certain rate, regardless of their usage semantics. Memory scanners trade computational overhead and memory bandwidth with deduplication success and latency. Current scanners need a considerable amount of time to detect new sharing opportunities (e.g., 5 min) and therefore do not exploit the full sharing potential.
XLH is our contribution that augments memory scanners with cross layer hints. We have observed that:
- All types of memory contents (named and anonymous) contribute to memory redundancy.
- Many shareable pages in the host's main memory originate from accesses to background storage: when multiple VMs create or use the same programs, shared libraries, configuration files, and data from their respective virtual disk images (VDIs).
XLH observes guest I/O in the host and to use it as a trigger for memory scanners in order to speed up the identification of new sharing opportunities. XLH indexes I/O pages soon after their content has been established and thus moves them earlier into the merging stage. In consequence, XLH can find short-lived sharing opportunities and shares redundant data longer than regular, linear memory scanners without raising the overall scan rate.
We have shown that XLH is able to quickly deduplicate the memory of newly booted VMs, which is especially beneficial when sandboxing short-running jobs or migrating many VMs at once. Measurements of kernel build and web server scenarios show that XLH deduplicates equal pages that stem from the VDI earlier by 2-4 minutes and is capable of merging between up to 10x as many sharing opportunities as the baseline system. For the kernel build benchmark, XLH performs constantly better than KSM even if the scan rate is set 5x lower. We have also evaluated XLH in an unfavorable scenario and found that it did not worsen the sharing performance compared to KSM. XLH reaches its effectiveness with little to no additional CPU overhead or loss in I/O throughput compared with KSM.
Our XLH prototype, based on Linux 3.4-rc3 (commit: e816b57a337ea3b755de72bec38c10c864f23015) and can be obtained here. We have stripped the debug and statistics code. The hash table implementation was omitted as well, due to Patent 6789156 B1.
Konrad Miller, Fabian Franz, Marc Rittinghaus, Marius Hillenbrand, and Frank Bellosa
|XLH: More effective memory deduplication scanners through cross-layer hints
Proceedings of the 2013 USENIX Annual Technical Conference, San Jose, CA, June 26-28, 2013
Konrad Miller, Fabian Franz, Thorsten Groeninger, Marc Rittinghaus, Marius Hillenbrand, and Frank Bellosa
|KSM++: Using I/O-based hints to make memory-deduplication scanners more efficient
Proceedings of the ASPLOS Workshop on Runtime Environments, Systems, Layering and Virtualized Environments (RESoLVE'12), London, UK, March 3, 2012
|Marc Rittinghaus
|Runtime Benefits of Memory Deduplication
|Diploma Thesis
Prof. Dr. Frank Bellosa, Konrad Miller
|Thorsten Gröninger
|Analyzing Shared Memory Opportunities in Different Workloads
|Study Thesis
Prof. Dr. Frank Bellosa, Konrad Miller
|Fabian Franz
|Using I/O-based Hints to Make Memory-Deduplication Scanners More Efficient
|Diploma Thesis
Prof. Dr. Frank Bellosa, Konrad Miller
Memory Deduplication for Native Applications
Traditional memory sharing mechanisms and newer deduplication mechanisms for virtualized environments make assumptions that do not hold in all environments. Our benchmarks indicate that memory deduplication can be improved significantly for native applications.
|Philipp Kern
|Generalizing Memory Deduplication for Native Applications, Sandboxes and Virtual Machines
|Diploma Thesis
Prof. Dr. Frank Bellosa, Konrad Miller
|Jonas Julino
|Analysing Page Duplication on Android
|Study Thesis
Prof. Dr. Frank Bellosa, Konrad Miller
[1] Barker, S. et al. An empirical study of memory sharing in virtual machines. USENIX ATC 2012
[2] Chen and Noble. When virtual is better than real. HotOS 2001
[3] Bugnion, Devine, Govil, and Rosenblum. Disco: running commodity operating systems on scalable multiprocessors. Transactions on Computer Systems 1997
[4] Milos, Murray, Hand, and Fetterman. Satori: Enlightened page sharing. USENIX ATC 2009
[5] Barham, Dragovic, Fraser, et al. Xen and the art of virtualization. SOSP 2003
[6] Waldspurger. Memory resource management in VMware ESX server. SIGOPS Operating System Review 2002
[7] Arcangeli, Eidus, and Wright. Increasing memory density by using KSM. Linux Symposium 2009


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NEW YORK (Reuters Health) - Older adults who exercise are less likely to fall, but if they do, they're also less likely to get hurt, a new analysis suggests.
Researchers found that older adults taking part in fall prevention exercise programs were about 37 percent less likely to be injured during a tumble, compared to non-exercising participants.
"Falls are recognized as a serious and common medical problem experienced by older adults, but it's also widely known that falls are preventable, and that exercise is an efficient way to prevent them," Fabienne El-Khoury, the study's lead author, told Reuters Health in an email.
"However there was no clear evidence that exercise (programs) can also reduce severe or more moderate injuries caused by falls, even though injuries due to falls have serious medical, psychological and economic consequences," El-Khoury added.
She is a doctoral candidate at the University of Paris-Sud and at INSERM, the French National Institute of Health and Medical Research.
Between 30 to 40 percent of people age 65 or older fall at least once each year, according to the government-backed U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF). About five to 10 percent of those people will have a serious injury such as a hip fracture.
For older adults who live independently and are at a high risk for falls, the USPSTF recommends exercise or physical therapy and/or vitamin D supplements (see Reuters Health story of May 30, 2012 here: reut.rs/V1ARom.)
Older people who are at a high risk for falls include those with a history of falls, mobility problems and those who have trouble getting up from a chair and walking.
While several studies have found that exercise programs reduce tumbles, the researchers wondered whether those programs also prevented injuries if older adults did fall.
For the analysis, published in BMJ, El-Khoury and her colleagues used data from 17 previous studies comparing 2,195 people assigned to take part in exercise programs and 2,110 people who were not.
The average age of the people included in the analysis was about 77 years old and more than three quarters of the participants were women.
Overall, the researchers found that people in the exercise group were about 37 percent less likely to be injured during a fall, compared to the non-exercisers. Those injuries could be anything from bruises to broken bones.
The exercisers were 61 percent less likely to have broken bones after falls, and 43 percent less likely to experience a fall leading to any injury serious enough to warrant admission to a hospital.
El-Khoury said it's hard to know how many injuries those reduced risks represent, because all of the studies reported injuries differently. Also, results varied between studies.
For example, there were 81 injuries per 100 people over a year in the exercise group of one study included in the analysis. There were 134 injuries per 100 people over a year for the non-exercise group.
In other studies, researchers have found no such difference between groups based on exercise.
When there is a difference, Yvonne Michael, who has studied falls among older people but wasn't involved in the new analysis, said the reason could be that the bodies of people who exercise are better at absorbing a fall.
The authors suggest the minds of people who exercise may also be sharper than those of non-exercisers and they can respond better to falling, for instance by grabbing onto something.
Michael said the findings are consistent with previous studies, but there is still uncertainty about which exercise programs work best.
In the new analysis the programs emphasized exercises to improve balance, but most had several components. Three of the included studies used Tai Chi.
It's also uncertain whether routine activities, such as gardening, walking and mowing the lawn, are just as good as more structured exercise programs.
"It's harder to test the routine activity because it doesn't fit well into a randomized controlled trial setting," said Michael, an associate professor at the Drexel University School of Public Health in Philadelphia.
She added, however, that people living in urban or suburban areas should be able to find structured exercise programs through their local senior center. Also, some medical plans include exercise programs for older adults.
Those are typically low cost and may even be included in some insurance plans, she said.
"I think the evidence continues to grow in terms of the benefit of physical activity," Michael said. "It seems like there's really no downside to staying active."
SOURCE: bit.ly/1dqbUJF BMJ, online October 29, 2013.


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Christmas day is on its way, so here are some last-minute male grooming gift ideas for your granddad!
For more suggestions on which cosmetics to buy for your dad, boyfriend, brother or guy mates, check out the rest of Yesterface's Male Grooming Gift Guide.
Joules for Men Gift Set
The Wake and Wash gift set by Joules For Men contains a 250ml "Hare and Body Wash" (which, by the way, smells truly divine), a 150ml "Fantastic Face Wash", and a 118g bar of "Sensational Soap", all of which come in a lovely washbag. The latter is made of soft, high quality material and has a pretty hare-print lining. Available to buy at Boots for £20.
Ted Baker Gift Set
When I think of my granddad (or 'taid', as we say in Welsh) I imagine him pottering around in the back garden with his various tools. And if he were still here today, I think he would have loved Ted Baker's "Made to Measure" Gift Set.
Part of Ted Baker's "The Right Tools" range, the set includes Hair & Body Wash and Bodyspray, both of which contain an outdoorsy blend of bergamot, sandalwood and musk. The set also has a quirky ruler-shaped soap! So cute. Available to buy at Boots for just £10.
Failing all that, you could always get him a bottle of Old Spice and a pot of Vaseline, just for nostalgia's sake…


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Export 63 results:Author [ Type] Year
Filters: Author is Paul M Parizel [Clear All Filters]
Journal Article
"Intrinsic connectivity reduces in vestibular-related regions after first-time exposure to short-term gravitational alterations", Scientific Reports, vol. 7, issue 3061, 2017. Download paper (3.47 MB)
"Joint Maximum Likelihood estimation of motion and T1 parameters from magnetic resonance images in a super-resolution framework: a simulation study", Fundamenta Informaticae, vol. 172, pp. 105–128, 2020.
"Multiscale white matter fiber tract coregistration: a new feature-based approach to align diffusion tensor data", Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, vol. 55, no. 6, pp. 1414-1423, 2006.
"Nonrigid Coregistration of Diffusion Tensor Images Using a Viscous Fluid Model and Mutual Information", IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging, vol. 26, no. 11, pp. 1598-1612, 2007. Download paper (1.85 MB)
"NOVIFAST: A fast algorithm for accurate and precise VFA MRI T1 mapping", IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging, vol. 37, issue 11, pp. 2414 - 2427, 2018. Download paper (3.3 MB)
"Quantitative diffusion tensor imaging in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: revisited.", Human brain mapping, vol. 30, issue 11, pp. 3657-75, 2009 Nov.
"Regional gray matter volume differences and sex-hormone correlations as a function of menstrual cycle phase and hormonal contraceptives use.", Brain research, vol. 1530, pp. 22-31, 2013 Sep 12.
"A safe, cheap and easy-to-use isotropic diffusion phantom for clinical and multicenter studies", Medical Physics, vol. 44, issue 3, pp. 1063–1070, 2017.
"Super-Resolution for Multislice Diffusion Tensor Imaging", Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, vol. 69, issue 1, pp. 103–113, 2013. Download paper (1.04 MB)
"Super-resolution reconstruction of diffusion parameters from diffusion-weighted images with different slice orientations", Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, vol. 75, issue 1, pp. 181-195, 2016.
"Super-resolution T1 estimation: quantitative high resolution T1 mapping from a set of low resolution T1 weighted images with different slice orientations", Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, vol. 77, issue 5, pp. 1818–1830, 2017. Download paper (3.3 MB)
"A tracking based DTI segmentation method for the detection of diffusion-related changes of the cervical spinal cord with aging", Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, vol. 27, no. 5, pp. 978-991, March, 2008. Download paper (4.4 MB)
"Improved Processing for Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Images for Coregistration, Atlas Construction, and Voxel Based Analysis", Department of Physics, Antwerp, University of Antwerp, 2009. Download thesis (35.03 MB)
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Author Archive
How to win at Blackjack
More and more people struggle to become successful by going to the casino, hoping to win as much as possible. But the hard truth is that not many gamblers actually succeed in multiplying their assets. Do you want to be one of those few people that know how to win at Blackjack? Then there are some tips that no casino wants you to know in order to win at Blackjack, one of the most popular card game in the world.
To begin with, here are some basic things you should and shouldn't do. You should never surrender, unless you have a 15 against a 10 or a 16 against a 9,10 or an ace. As obvious as it seems, don't bet when you're losing. Also, don't lose your temper if the dealer or the other players mock you. The first step to win a Blackjack hand is to be calm, so you can take the right decisions.
The decisions you have to make when you get a hard hand are obviously riskier than when you have a soft hand. You should always hit your hand when your total is between 5 and 8, regardless the cards the dealer has. When your hand totals between 17 and 21, you should stand. However, when you have a soft hand, there are more options you could think about. If your hand equals from 13 to 15, always hit since your ace can value 11 or 1. For 16, 17 and 18, you should double against the dealer's 2 to 6, hit against a 9,10 or an ace and stand against a 7 or 8. From 19 to 21, always stand.
Lastly, you should remember that Blackjack is a great game and I personally consider it a relaxing way to make lots of money. By raising your bets just a little when you're winning, you ensure your profit. Another thing you should keep track of is how much time you spend playing. I can talk from personal experience that playing more than 2 hours will ruin your gain, so make sure you have complete control over yourself.
To sum up, there are basic tips you should follow to win at Blackjack, which include self-control, knowledge of the rules, and focus on the specific moves that are safe. All the casinos say that if you don't risk, you don't win. But you don't have to risk to win. Anyone can learn how to win at Blackjack, so make sure you're the first!
Microgaming casino games
Mobile gaming is a rapidly growing method of online gaming, and Microgaming leads the way. What could be better than playing your favorite online games on your mobile device whenever you want? Now players have a huge selection of games to choose from. From multi-player poker rooms to exotic-themed slot machines, Microgaming has something to hold the interest of even the most discerning gamers out there.
It all began in 1994. Microgaming pushed its way onto the mobile gaming scene and rapidly took control. The online casino world immediately took notice, and the mobile online gaming industry took off. If you're playing mobile online casino games on your smartphone or your tablet, you're probably using software developed by Microgaming. It quickly became the leader in online casino games and keeps its number one spot by constantly updating its software. Its innovations set the standard in the online gaming world.
Are progressive jackpots your favorite? Microgaming offers a wider selection of progressive jackpots than any other online gaming provider. Their never-ending stream of online slots give you dazzling graphics and some of the most updated, innovative features you'll find in any online casino. If bonuses are what bring you to the gaming table, Microgaming offers the greatest selection of online casino bonuses out there. And you don't have to worry about safety and security with Microgaming. All play is audited by third party auditors, both players and operators. So you can rest assured that your gaming experience is fair and above-board, and your personal information is secure.
Microgaming casino games can be found in online casinos all over the online world. Their flash software with the no-download feature is nothing short of spectacular. Need a specific language platform? Microgaming casino games are available in 24 languages. It is the premier source for global casino games and software. Safe, secure, and fun. What more could you ask for?
Online Slots for Real Money
Having fun and earning easy cash is a rare comfort, unless you play online slots for real money. Yes, those virtual gaming machines can provide steady income, or make you rich in a blink of an eye. All you have to do is play the right game at the right place. First, you need to choose a regulated online casino that offers the complete online slots package. This means sing up bonuses, continuous promotions, progressive jackpots and the play money mode.
Here's where online casino reviews come to your help. A simple Goggle search will bring tons of information. Once you've registered with an online casino, head straight to the slots section. The sheer amount of games can be overwhelming at first. Take your time and pick the online slots site that resonate with you the most.
All slot games have a simple goal. Hit a winning combination of symbols and you're in the money. They all boast slick graphics, smooth gameplay and alluring promises, but which ones are the most profitable? The first thing to have in mind is the maximum possible Return-to-Player (RTP) rate, which makes a huge difference to your winnings in the long run. In general, the rates range between 93.71% and 97.57% with average return of 95.71%. Always stay within these figures if you want to make a profit. New games usually have the highest RTP due to the fierce completion between the online casino providers.
Another trick to boost your income is to check for games with scatter symbols and bonus rounds. Three or more scatter symbols trigger a bonus round which guarantees a better payout.
Last but certainly not least are the progressive jackpot slots. These life changers are the most popular among gamers, and it's easy to guess why. Connected to a network of online casinos, progressive jackpots offer mouthwatering prizes. People have won more than 15 million Euros at River Belle Casino Canada with just one spin of the reels. Next time, it could be you taking the big prize home.


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Ben (adography.com) necesitaba un nuevo diseño de logotipo y lanzó un concurso de diseño en 99designs.
Un ganador ha sido elegido entre 228 diseños de 73 diseñadores freelance.
Our logo is old, outdated, plain and very web 1.0, we know that. We are about to revamp the entire site and are looking for a fresh new design, starting with the logo. You have free reign to take bold chances with colors, use our existing colors, whatever you think looks best.
Adography.com is the currently marketed as "where photos become advertisements", but need a new tagline to promote that we target and cater to on-demand photography for high profile clientele. We are a service that allows advertisers/graphic designers/anyone to request specific photos be taken by photographers. This will allow for big companies to request a specific photo, that showcases their brand (i.e. a kid drinking a coca-cola) or just can't be found in stock photography. Why spend hours digging through stock, when you could just request the photo you want be taken by amateurs and professional photographers alike. Here's more on how it works:
What we need is a new logo. Ours is plain, old and outdated. We want something fresh, new, current but ahead of the web trends.
You can see the colors on our current site, but we would love a change. Feel free to choose new colors.
We are going for professional, simple, elegant, neat, clean, and attractive that is recognizable and represents what we are about, that we go "beyond stock photography".
We also need a tagline. We currently like "Beyond stock photography", "When stock photography just doesn't cut it", "Don't stick to stock", or similar. We'll let you be the judge, although the creativity as a whole is what will win the prize money.
- Tagline - of your choosing
- Colors - of your choice, may use our current ones
- Keywords- professional
- simple
- elegant
- neat/clean
- attractive
- recognizable
- representative of our service
- The ideal design would combine the elements of advertising and photography using icons, font, graphics, etc.
- Web 2.0 like every other logo
- Plain
- Bubbly
- Hard to read
- Extravagant (i.e. too many colors and graphics)
- The logo should not rely on the tagline, it should look good with or without the tagline.
Descubre cómo funciona un concurso de diseño u obtén más información sobre nuestros servicios de diseño de logo.


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The Obama Family
The White House
1600 Pennsylvania Ave.
Washington, D.C. 20500
Dear Friends and Family,
It's hard to believe we've been in the White House for two years. That's about as long as Barack had been a senator before starting his presidential campaign—a really long time! As in years past, we'd like to use this space to take a break from politics and talk about what really matters: Each other.
Honestly, it's been a tough year in our nonpolitical lives. Barack was still reeling from the '09 loss of a good golf buddy, who sadly left the course after 47 years, when he was unexpectedly replaced in January by a pretty boy from Massachusetts who keeps shanking the ball right. Then Michelle had to calm all our friends down when that shawarma place moved in two blocks from our favorite all-American burger joint—it has every right to be there! To top it off, Barack was forced to extend the worst policy of his predecessor: the Christmas Eve reindeer hunt on the South Lawn.
Sasha has had a stellar year in Girl Scouts, where she's learned a thing or two about leadership. During her troop's trip to the National Zoo, she and some other scouts got lost on the Asia Trail. Sasha, the group leader, had an exit strategy: Start withdrawing from the zoo right away. But another girl defied her in front of everyone, arguing that they should call for more troops to help—all the while risking that everyone might get eaten by bears. Sasha promptly demanded her resignation.
Malia got her own taste of controversy when a girl at Sidwell Friends blogged all of Malia's private text messages. They revealed everything—Malia's candid thoughts on her teacher ("feckless, vain, and ineffective") as well as who she liked, who she like-liked, and her list of frenemies. The culprit finally turned herself in to the principal. Some parents are calling for her extradition to another school but Barack and Michelle just want to make sure nothing ever happens again to upset Malia's social status.
One bit of good news: Michelle's work in the garden finally paid off last spring. We'd been trying to grow Brussels sprouts for a year but had run into resistance from the gardening staff. The soil wasn't right. The sprouts would be too expensive. They'd kill old people. Finally, with the right prodding and persuasion—not to mention lots of fertilizer—we got their consent and reaped a historic harvest. (Vice President Biden even said it was a big deal.) But then we learned that people don't like Brussels sprouts.
You probably heard this story, but we have to tell it anyway: Barack clogged the toilet in the East Wing and—sorry, this is so embarrassing—the thing overflowed. It just kept spilling and spilling and spilling. At first the White House plumbers said it was under control. But the geyser only got worse. They tried mopping it up. They tried reverse suction. Michelle finally told Barack to "plunge the damn hole." That did the trick.
As for Bo, we're really losing patience with that dog. He got everything he wanted this year. He had a cough, we took him to the doctor. When Carla Bruni's poodle ate all his food, we refilled his bowl. He wanted a giant rubber ball, we got him a giant rubber ball. And what thanks do we get? He peed in every single room of the White House on Nov. 2. We think he'll come around by 2012.
Sorry if this letter sounds negative—we really have had a wonderful year. The nice thing is, next year there will be less pressure, since we now have some extra help around the House: someone to drive the kids to practice, help them with homework, and all that. If stuff doesn't get done, we can blame the new guys!
Much love,
Barack, Michelle, Malia, Sasha, and Bo
Read last year's Obama family holiday card here.


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Should Massachusetts promote abortion access over even the woman's safety?
S.1209/H.3320, the "R.O.E." Act, will kill women like Keisha. It will allow doctors to kill or leave to die women like Claire. It will leave young girls like these to be exploited by abusers and the sex industry.
It is problematic enough that it is opposed by citizens all across the political divide, both pro-life and pro-choice.
Say NO to extremism and state-sponsored irresponsibility towards our most vulnerable citizens. Sign the petition now and contact your legislator to oppose the "R.O.E." Act.
Read a full analysis of this bill here.
Do you believe...
...that a child in the womb at seven, eight, or nine months should be deprived of life, even though she is no physical threat to her mother? Because "R.O.E" does, changing our law to make abortion elective all the way up to birth.
...that abortion should be legal after birth? Because "R.O.E." does, allowing for passive infanticide by refusing medical care to a child born alive during an abortion.
...that a pregnant 13 year old should be abandoned to her sexual abuser, and forced into an abortion? Because "R.O.E." does, removing Massachusetts laws that require parental consent or judicial protection and supervision.
...that Massachusetts should increase its tax funding, using your money, to support abortions? Because "R.O.E." does, allocating "Healthy Start" funds towards abortion procedures throughout all nine months.
...that women's health isn't as important as men's? Because "R.O.E." does, farming out dangerous late term surgical abortion procedures to unregulated outpatient facilities, which are not required to keep life saving medical equipment on hand.
S.1209 legalizes infanticide, promotes abortion access over women's health, and removes all protections for human beings in the womb even when viable.
Oppose this anti-life legislation, say no to "R.O.E.", and Sign the petition here!


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mn8 necesitaba un nuevo diseño de logotipo y lanzó un concurso de diseño en 99designs.
Un ganador ha sido elegido entre 82 diseños de 34 diseñadores freelance.
Finishline Flooring is going to be an internet hardwood Flooring, and Laminate Flooring company that will cater to the customer by offering online wholesale pricing with excellent in home customer service. We will turn our leads into in home based appointments.
Being developed
Shop at home and save BIG!
Desired Color Scheme:
no more than 3 colors any color combo is fine
Desired Style:
web 2.0 style anything clean and professional looking
Accepted File Formats:
We're looking for a clean professional web 2.0 design. Something that accurately represents our company. We require all formats for web applications and print. You must provide us with the image in Vector format.
We will leave accurate and timely feedback so that we can help you better understand our descision making process.
We will end the contest early if we find the appropriate design. We're looking to get this done ASAP, so that we can turn this over to our web designer.
We will be competing directly with some national known companies in this industry. they are at the following websites.
Take a look at those sites for knowledge of what we do and some inspiration. Thank you very much in advance
Descubre cómo funciona un concurso de diseño u obtén más información sobre nuestros servicios de diseño de logo.


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Date and Time
Saturday Jan 4, 2020
Saturday, January 4, 2020 11:00 AM - 12:00 PM
Polk Museum of Art 800 East Palmetto Street Lakeland, FL 33801
Cost: Free
Contact Information
Tinia Clark
Send Email
Participants will create and discuss art with specially trained educator, Tinia Clark. Clark is the Executive Director of Sidestreet Art Beat, Inc., an organization whose mission is to provide awareness for the healing power of the arts through engagement. This program invites individuals with special needs and varying exceptionalities to meet once a month at Polk Museum of Art to engage in viewing and discussing artwork that is exhibited. The program is designed to create social engagement and encourage creativity and self expression. The group meets for the talk and tour at 11:00 am on the 1st Saturday of every month unless it falls on a holiday weekend. After the tour the group meets at Kelly Rec. Center to make art inspired by the museum visit. Registration preferred but not required. For registration or questions, please contact Tinia Clark at 863-224-8557 or email at email@example.com.


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What are some common mistakes/pitfalls, specific to Silverlight development, that developers should avoid?
PS: Please, if you don't have hands on experience with Silverlight and want to simply state that people should just not use it, refrain from doing so.
Thank you for you time and consideration.
Here is a compilation of input from users on both StackOverflow and programmers.stackexchange.com to this question:
- Thinking it's the same as WPF
- Not using the MVVM design pattern
- Not knowing that it doesn't support ADO.Net Connections
- Not knowing that it only supports basicHttpBinding (no wsHttpBinding allowed)
- Not knowing that RelativeSource bindings don't support AncestorType
- Forgetting to setup IIS MIME types
- Thinking that Silverlight works the same way as WPF
- 5mb limit on XAP files and the need for third party solutions to work around that
Not abstracting out the service layer calls.
Abstracting out the service layer calls so that the silverlight pages load in the designer (either Visual Studio or Expression Blend) without the presence of the service helps out. Especially if the UI is being designed in Expression Blend. Some dummy data can be returned without calling the service and the UI designers still get a feel for the look and feel of the application with data.
Not using MVVM
You can program Silverlight like a winforms app but you are in for a world of grief. The whole platform was designed to use MVVM and if you don't work with that you are going to be swimming upstream the whole way.
Networking: there are limits on sockets, e.g. no UDP, only the async model
Networking: two (3.0) different HTTP stack, the browser one and the client one - each has its own quirks (a lot of applications ends up using both);
Security: some API are marked as [SecurityCritical] and you won't be allowed to use them, even if it will compile just fine, at runtime (e.g. but that code has been working for years in my other application)
- Security: security policies on HTTP[S] and sockets (but works so well on your own computer)
- ditran.net/silverlight-common-errors
- Using MVVM but not truely understanding it
blindly obeying its principles as if they were the 10 commandments, some people really make things hard for themselves I bet most don't have any separate UI design team nor are using Unit tests, so the benefits of MVVM would be minimal
- Not grasping the Asynchronous nature of Silverlight.
- Over using UserControls when they should be using a Templated control
Thank you for constructive input to the following people: Rachel, maple_shaft, Jesse C. Slicer, ChrisF, Jon Raynor, poupou, RKitty, DShah, AnthonyWJones