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Committee Membership Information
Study Title:
Framework for Developing a New Taxonomy of Disease
Primary Board:
Study Director:
Dr. India G. Hook-Barnard
- (Staff Officer)
National Research Council
Dr. Hook-Barnard is a program officer with the Board on Life Sciences of the National Research Council. She came to the National Academies from the National Institutes of Health where she was a Postdoctoral Research Fellow from 2003 to 2008. Her research investigating the molecular mechanism of gene expression focused on the interactions between RNA polymerase and promoter DNA. Dr. Hook-Barnard earned her PhD from the Dept. of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology at the University of Missouri. Her graduate research examined translational regulation and ribosome binding in Escherichia coli. At the National Academies, she contributes to projects in a variety of topic areas. Much of her current work is related to issues of molecular biology, microbiology, biosecurity and genomics. She was study director for the 2010 report Sequence-Based Classification of Select Agents: A Brighter Line, and continues to direct the U.S. National Committee to the International Brain Research Organization.
Dr. Susan Desmond-Hellmann
- (Co-Chair)
University of California, San Francisco
Dr. Susan Desmond-Hellmann, MD, MPH, is chancellor of the University of California, San Francisco. She assumed the post August 3, 2009. UCSF is a leading university dedicated to promoting health worldwide through advanced biomedical research, graduate-level education in the life sciences and health professions, and excellence in patient care. UCSF is the only campus in the 10-campus UC system devoted exclusively to the health sciences. Desmond-Hellmann previously served as president of product development at Genentech, a position she held from March 2004 through April 30, 2009. In this role, she was responsible for Genentech's pre-clinical and clinical development, process research and development, business development and product portfolio management. She also served as a member of Genentech's executive Committee, beginning in 1996. She joined Genentech in 1995 as a clinical scientist, and she was named chief medical officer in 1996. In 1999, she was named executive vice president of development and product operations. During her time at Genentech, several of the company's patient therapeutics (Lucentis, Avastin, Herceptin, Tarceva, Rituxan and Xolair) were approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, and the company became the nation's No. 1 producer of anti-cancer drug treatments. She completed her clinical training at UCSF and is board-certified in internal medicine and medical oncology. She holds a bachelor of science degree in pre-medicine and a medical degree from the University of Nevada, Reno, and a master's degree in public health from the University of California, Berkeley. Prior to joining Genentech, Desmond-Hellmann was associate director of clinical cancer research at Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharmaceutical Research Institute. While at Bristol-Myers Squibb, she was the project team leader for the cancer-fighting drug Taxol. Desmond-Hellmann also has served as associate adjunct professor of epidemiology and biostatistics at UCSF. During her tenure at UCSF, she spent two years as visiting faculty at the Uganda Cancer Institute, studying HIV/AIDS and cancer. She also spent two years in private practice as a medical oncologist before returning to clinical research. In January 2009, Desmond-Hellmann joined the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco's Economic Advisory Council for a three-year term. In July 2008, she was appointed to the California Academy of Sciences board of trustees. Dr. Desmond-Hellmann was named to the Biotech Hall of Fame in 2007 and as the Healthcare Businesswomen's Association Woman of the Year for 2006. She was listed among Fortune magazine's "top 50 most powerful women in business" in 2001 and from 2003 to 2008. In 2005 and 2006, the Wall Street Journal listed Desmond-Hellmann as one of its "women to watch." From 2005 to 2008, Desmond-Hellmann served a three-year term as a member of the American Association for Cancer Research board of directors, and from 2001 to 2009, she served on the executive Committee of the board of directors of the Biotechnology Industry Organization. She served on the corporate board of Affymetrix from 2004-2009.
Dr. Charles L. Sawyers
- (Co-Chair)
Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center
Dr. Charles Sawyers, M.D., is an Investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute and the inaugural Director of the Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program (HOPP) at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), where he is building a program of lab-based translational researchers across various clinical disciplines and institutional infrastructure to enhance the application of global genomics tools to clinical trials. Sawyers' laboratory is currently focused on characterizing signal transduction pathway abnormalities in prostate cancer, with an eye toward translational implications. His research is best demonstrated through his earlier studies of BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase function in chronic myeloid leukemia, his work with Brian Druker and Novartis in the development of the kinase inhibitor imatinib/Gleevec as primary therapy for CML, and his discovery that imatinib resistance is caused by BCR-ABL kinase domain mutations. This discovery led Dr. Sawyers to evaluate second generation Abl kinase inhibitors, such as the dual Src/Abl inhibitor dasatinib, which received fast track approval at the FDA in June 2006. Dr. Sawyers' work in prostate cancer has defined critical signaling pathways for disease initiation and progression through studies in mouse models and humane tissues. This preclinical work led to the development of a novel antiandrogen MVD3100, a small molecule inhibitor discovered in collaboration with UCLA Chemist Michael Jung, which targets the increased levels of androgen receptor found in the hormone refractory disease. Based on impressive clinical results in a phase I/II study, MDV3100 is currently in phase III registration trial. Dr. Sawyers is past President of the American Society of Clinical Investigation and served on the National Cancer Institute's Board of Scientific Councilors. He has won numerous honors and awards, including: the Richard and Hinda Rosenthal Foundation Award; the Dorothy Landon Prize from the American Association of Cancer Research and the David A. Karnofsky Award from the American Society of Clinical Oncology; and the 2009 Lasker DeBakey Clinical Medical Research Award. He is a member of the Institute of Medicine and in 2010 was elected to the National Academy of Sciences.
Dr. Tom Misteli
National Cancer Institute
Dr. Tom Misteli is a Senior Investigator and Head of the Cell Biology of Genomes group at the National Cancer Institute, NIH. Dr. Misteli obtained his PhD from the University of London, UK, and joined the NCI after postdoctoral work at the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, New York. He has pioneered the field of genome cell biology by developing live-cell microscopy approaches to study the nuclear organization of the genome and gene expression in intact cells, and his laboratory aims to apply this knowledge to the development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for cancer and aging. Dr Misteli has received numerous awards for his work, and currently serves as Editor-in-Chief of The Journal of Cell Biology and of Current Opinion in Cell Biology.
Dr. Manuel Llinas
Princeton University
Dr. Manuel Llinas is an Assistant Professor of Molecular Biology and a member of the Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics at Princeton University. Dr. Llinas earned a Ph.D. in molecular and cell biology from the University of California-Berkeley and did postdoctoral work in the lab of Joseph DeRisi at the University of California-San Francisco. He joined the Princeton faculty in 2005. Dr. Llinas' laboratory studies the deadliest of the four human Plasmodium parasites, Plasmodium falciparum. His research combines tools from functional genomics, molecular biology, computational biology, biochemistry, and metabolomics to understand the fundamental molecular mechanisms underlying the development of this parasite. The focus is predominantly on the red blood cell stage of development, which is the stage in which all of the clinical manifestations of the malaria disease occur. His research has focused on two major areas: the role of transcriptional regulation in orchestrating parasite development, and an in-depth characterization of the malaria parasite's unique metabolic network. On the transcription side, Dr. Llinas' lab works on the characterization of the first family of DNA binding proteins to be identified in the Plasmodium falciparum genome, the Apicomplexan AP2 (ApiAP2) proteins. The metabolomics work has begun to identify unique biochemical pathway architectures in the parasite including a novel branched TCA cycle. These two approaches explore relatively virgin areas in the malaria field with the goal of identifying novel strategies for therapeutic intervention.
Dr. Maynard V. Olson
University of Washington
Dr. Maynard Olson is Professor Emeritus of Medicine and Genome Sciences, at the University of Washington. He received his PhD in Chemistry at Stanford University in 1970 and a BS in Chemistry from the California Institute of Technology in 1965. His research interests focus on studies of natural genetic variation in both bacteria and humans. This research involves activities in human genetics, genomics, molecular genetics, analytical biochemistry, and computational biology. Dr. Olson has a special interest in interdisciplinary research, particularly at the interfaces between chemistry, computer science and biology. Dr. Olson was involved in shaping scientific policy toward the Human Genome Project, serving on the National Research Council Committee on Mapping and Sequencing the Human Genome, the Program Advisory Committee of the National Center for Human Genome Research Institute. In recognition of his research in genetics and genomics, he received the Genetics Society of America Medal in 1992, the City of Medicine Award in 2000, the Gairdner International Award in 2002, and the Gruber Prize in Genetics in 2007.
Dr. Charmaine Royal
Duke Institute for Genome Sciences and Policy
Dr. Charmaine Royal is an Associate Research Professor in the Institute for Genome Sciences & Policy and the Department of African and African American Studies at Duke University. She received her MS in Genetic Counseling and PhD in Human Genetics from Howard University. She subsequently completed her postdoctoral training in the Bioethics and Special Populations Research Program at the National Human Genome Research Institute of the National Institutes of Health, and in the Division of Epidemiology and Behavioral Medicine at the Howard University Cancer Center. Prior to joining the Duke faculty in 2007, Dr. Royal was Assistant Professor of Pediatrics and Director of the GenEthics Unit in the National Human Genome Center at Howard University. She serves on the: Bioethics Advisory Committee of the March of Dimes Foundation; Social Issues Committee of the American Society of Human Genetics; Editorial Board of the American Journal of Bioethics; and various other professional Committees and boards. Dr. Royal's research and scholarship focus primarily on ethical, psychosocial, societal, and biomedical issues at the intersection of genetics/genomics and concepts of "race", ancestry, ethnicity, and identity. Her specific interests include genetic variation and the (re)conceptualization of race, use of race and ancestry in research and clinical practice, gene-environment interactions in health and health disparities, genetic ancestry inference, involvement of historically marginalized and underrepresented groups in genetic and genomic research, and genomics and global health. She has taught, presented, published, and received funding in these and other related areas. A key objective of her research program is to advance a more holistic and ethical approach to understanding and improving human health and well-being through increased integration of genetic and genomic research with behavioral, social science, and humanities research.
Dr. David B. Goldstein
Duke University
Dr. David B. Goldstein is currently Professor of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology and Director of the Center for Human Genome Variation at Duke University. He received his Ph.D. in Biological Sciences from Stanford University in 1994, and from 1999 to 2005 was Wolfson Professor of Genetics at University College London. Dr. Goldstein is the author of over 150 scholarly publications in the areas of population and medical genetics. His work focuses on the genetics of human disease and treatment response, with a concentration on neuropsychiatric disease and host determinants of response to infectious diseases. He is the recipient of one of the first seven nationally awarded Royal Society / Wolfson research merit awards in the UK for his work in human population genetics and was awarded the Triangle Business Journal Health Care Heroes Award in 2008 for his work on host determinants of control of HIV-1. Most recently, he was appointed the co-chair and chair of the Gordon Research Conference meeting on human genetics and genomics for 2011 and 2013.
Dr. Bernard Lo
University of California, San Francisco
Dr. Bernard Lo, M.D., is Professor of Medicine and Director of the Program in Medical Ethics at UCSF. He is also National Program Director for the Greenwall Faculty Scholars Program in Bioethics, a career development award for bioethics researchers. He directs the Regulatory Knowledge Support Component of the NIH-funded Clinical and Translational Science Institute at UCSF and is co-Director of the Policy and Ethics Core of the Center for AIDS Prevention Studies. He chairs the UCSF Stem Cell Research Oversight Committee. He is co-chair of the Standards Working Group of the California Institute of Regenerative Medicine, which recommends regulations for stem cell research funded by the state of California. He is a member of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Ethics SubCommittee of the Advisory Committee to the Director. He serves on DSMBs for NIH-sponsored HIV vaccine trials and for the Long-Term Oxygen Treatment Trial (LOTT) and on the Ethics Working Group of the HIV Prevention Trials Network. He also serves on the Board of Directors of the Association for the Accreditation of Human Research Protection Programs. He is a member of the Institute of Medicine (IOM), served on the IOM Council and as chair of the IOM Board on Health Sciences Policy. He chaired a 2009 IOM Committee on conflicts of interest in medicine and several earlier reports. Dr. Lo is author of Resolving Ethical Dilemmas: A Guide for Clinicians (4th ed., 2010) and of Ethical Issues in Clinical Research (2010).
Dr. Isaac S. Kohane
Harvard Medical School
Isaac (Zak) S. Kohane is the director of the Children's Hospital Informatics Program and is the Henderson Professor of Pediatrics and Health Sciences and Technology at Harvard Medical School (HMS). He is also co-director of the HMS Center for Biomedical Informatics and Director of the HMS Countway Library of Medicine. Dr. Kohane leads multiple collaborations at Harvard Medical School and its hospital affiliates in the use of genomics and computer science to study diseases (particularly cancer and autism). He has developed several computer systems to allow multiple hospital systems to be used as "living laboratories" to study the genetic basis of disease while preserving patient privacy. Among these, the i2b2 (Informatics for Integrating Biology and the Bedside) National Computing Center has been deployed at over 52 academic health centers internationally. Dr. Kohane has published over 180 papers in the medical literature and authored a widely used book on microarrays for Integrative Genomics. He has been elected to multiple honor societies including the American Society for Clinical Investigation, the American College of Medical Informatics, and the Institute of Medicine. He leads a doctoral program in genomics and bioinformatics at the Division of Health Sciences and Technology at Harvard and MIT. He is also a practicing pediatrics endocrinologist and father of three energetic children.
Dr. David J. Hunter
Harvard School of Public Health
Dr. David J. Hunter is currently the Dean for Academic Affairs at the Harvard School of Public Health and the Vincent L. Gregory Professor in Cancer Prevention in the Departments of Epidemiology and Nutrition. His research interests include cancer epidemiology and molecular and genetic epidemiology. Dr. Hunter analyzes inherited susceptibility to cancer and other chronic diseases using molecular techniques and studying molecular markers of environmental exposures. He is Co-Chair of the NCI Breast and Prostate Cancer Cohort Consortium and Co-Director of the NCI Cancer Genetic Markers of Susceptibility (CGEMS) Special Initiative.
Dr. Stephen J. Galli
Stanford University School of Medicine
Dr. Stephen J. Galli received his BA and MD from Harvard, in 1968 and 1973, respectively, and completed a residency and chief residency in Anatomic Pathology at Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) in 1977. After postdoctoral work with Harold F. Dvorak at MGH, he served on the faculty at Harvard Medical School from 1979 until 1999, when he moved to Stanford as Chair of the Department of Pathology, Chief of Pathology at Stanford Hospital & Clinics, Professor of Pathology and of Microbiology and Immunology, and the Mary Hewitt Loveless, MD Professor. He is also Co-Director of the Stanford Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine. Dr. Galli's research focuses on the development and function of mast cells and basophils (key players in anaphylaxis, allergies, asthma and many other biological responses), and on developing new animal models to study the diverse roles of these cells in health and disease. Dr. Galli serves on the editorial boards of several medical journals and is a co-editor of The Annual Review of Pathology: Mechanisms of Disease. He received a MERIT Award from the National Institutes of Health (1995), Scientific Achievement Awards from the International Association of Allergy & Clinical Immunology (1997) and the World Allergy Organization (2011), and is an Honorary Fellow of the College of American Pathologists. He was President of the American Society for Investigative Pathology (2005-2006) and has been elected to the Pluto Club (Association of University Pathologists), the Collegium Internationale Allergologicum (he began a four year term as President in 2010), the American Society for Clinical Investigation, the Association of American Physicians, the Institute of Medicine of the National Academies (USA), and the Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei (the National Academy of the Lynxes) in Rome, considered the oldest secular scientific society in the Western world. In 2006-2007, the last year of a three year elected term, Dr. Galli was the Chair of the Advisory Board to the President and Provost of Stanford University.
Dr. David R. Cox
Pfizer Inc.
Dr. David R. Cox M.D. Ph.D. serves as Chief Scientific Officer for the Applied Quantitative Genotherapeutics Unit of Pfizer's Worldwide Research & Development. This new unit brings together human genetics, systems biology, and cell biology, combining internal capabilities with outside collaborations, to focus on increasing preclinical target validation with the aim of significantly improving clinical survival. David is a co-founder of Perlegen, and was most recently Chief Scientific Officer of the company since its formation in 2000. David was Professor of Genetics and Pediatrics at the Stanford University School of Medicine as well as the co-director of the Stanford Genome Center. He obtained his A.B. and M.S. degrees from Brown University in Rhode Island and his M.D. and Ph.D. degrees from the University of Washington, Seattle. He completed a Pediatric Residency at the Yale-New Haven Hospital in New Haven, Connecticut and was a Fellow in both genetics and pediatrics at the University of California, San Francisco. David is certified by the American Board of Pediatrics and the American Board of Medical Genetics. He was an active participant in the large scale mapping and sequencing efforts of the Human Genome Project while carrying out research involving the molecular basis of human genetic disease. David has been a member of several commissions and boards, including the National Bioethics Advisory Commission (NBAC) and the Health Sciences Policy Board of the Institute of Medicine. He has also served on a number of international Committees, including the Council of the Human Genome Organization (HUGO). He has authored over 100 peer-reviewed scientific publications and has served on numerous editorial boards. Dr. Cox's honors include election to the Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Sciences.
Dr. Sean J. Morrison
University of Michigan
Dr. Sean J. Morrison, Ph.D. is an HHMI investigator as well as Henry Sewall Professor in Medicine at the University of Michigan Medical School, Professor of Internal Medicine and Cell and Developmental Biology at the University of Michigan, Research Professor at the University of Michigan Life Sciences Institute, and Director of the University of Michigan Center for Stem Cell Biology. He received his Ph.D. in Immunology at Stanford University. Dr. Morrison began his pioneering stem cell work only after a brief stint as a biotech entrepreneur. As a graduate student, Morrison identified key markers that distinguish hematopoietic stem cells, which give rise to blood and immune system cells, from other immature hematopoietic cells. He determined that stem cells are fundamentally different from other immature cells, and his results also suggested that certain factors are involved in regulating stem cell self-renewal. Later, as a postdoctoral fellow in the Caltech laboratory of David Anderson, a fellow HHMI investigator, Morrison became the first to isolate uncultured neural crest stem cells, which give rise to the peripheral nervous system. This led to his discovery that stem cells persist throughout adult life in the peripheral nervous system, where they were not previously believed to exist. Today, Morrison's research focuses on neural stem cells and hematopoietic stem cells. By studying both, he hopes to understand the extent to which mechanisms that control self-renewal and other critical functions are conserved among stem cells in different tissues. Morrison has discovered that there are mechanistic differences between the self-renewal of normal stem cells and the proliferation of cancer cells that can be exploited to kill the cancer cells without harming the normal stem cells. He also has traced a potentially fatal birth defect that causes Hirschsprung disease to defects in the generation and migration of neural crest stem cells in the developing intestines. And, using techniques he developed as a graduate student, Morrison identified a family of cell surface receptors that scientists can use to separate hematopoietic stem cells from other, less primitive, hematopoietic progenitors. Each of these studies has the potential to change the way in which patients are treated. Ultimately, Morrison hopes to identify new treatments for diseases caused by stem cell defects, including cancer, degenerative disease, and birth defects.
Dr. Claire Fraser-Liggett
University of Maryland at Baltimore School of Medicine
Dr. Claire M. Fraser-Liggett is Director of the Institute for Genome Sciences and a Professor of Medicine at the University Of Maryland School Of Medicine in Baltimore, Maryland. Previously she was the President and Director of The Institute for Genomic Research in Rockville, Maryland. Dr. Fraser-Liggett has played a role in the sequencing and analysis of human, animal, plant and microbial genomes to better understand the role that genes play in development, evolution, physiology and disease. She led the teams that sequenced the genomes of several microbial organisms, including important human and animal pathogens, and as a consequence helped to initiate the era of comparative genomics. She has served on a number of National Research Council Committees on counter-bioterrorism, domestic animal genomics, polar biology, and metagenomics. Dr. Fraser-Liggett has more than 220 scientific publications, and has served on Committees of the National Science Foundation, Department of Energy and National Institutes of Health. She received her PhD in pharmacology from State University of New York at Buffalo.
Dr. David G. Nichols
Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
Dr. Nichols is a professor of anesthesiology/critical care medicine and pediatrics and the Mary Wallace Stanton Professor of Education. Since joining the School of Medicine faculty in 1984, he has held numerous leadership posts in both the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine and school-wide. Named vice dean for education in 2000, Dr. Nichols oversees undergraduate, graduate, residency, postdoctoral and continuing medical education programs, as well as the Welch Medical Library. He has led a wide variety of significant initiatives to improve the school of medicine?s innovative use of technology in education; update the medical school?s curriculum; improve faculty development by revising tenure and promotion guidelines; restructure graduate medical education; oversee the design of a new $50 million medical education building; and enhance diversity throughout Johns Hopkins Medicine. From 1984 to 1987, Dr. Nichols was associate director of the residency education program in the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine. He became director of the Division of Pediatric Critical Care and of the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) in 1988. The division was merged with pediatric anesthesiology under Dr. Nichols' leadership in 1997. During this period, he trained and mentored more than 50 postdoctoral fellows, many of whom now are professors or directors of PICUs in the United States and abroad. Dr. Nichols became a full professor of anesthesiology/critical care medicine and pediatrics in 1998 and became the recipient of the Mary Wallace Stanton Professorship for Education in 2005. He has written more than 80 professional journal articles and abstracts, held 17 guest professorships, headed more than 20 symposia and delivered more than 115 guest lectures. He also has been editor in chief of the leading textbooks in pediatric critical care medicine and edited Rogers Textbook of Pediatric Intensive Care and Critical Heart Disease in Infants and Children.
Dr. Keith R. Yamamoto
University of California, San Francisco
Dr. Keith Yamamoto, Ph.D., is Professor of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology and Executive Vice Dean of the School of Medicine at the University of California, San Francisco. He has been a member of the UCSF faculty since 1976, serving as Director of the PIBS Graduate Program in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (1988-2003), Vice Chair of the Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics (1985-1994), Chair of the Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology (1994-2003), and Vice Dean for Research, School of Medicine (2002-2003). Dr. Yamamoto's research is focused on signaling and transcriptional regulation by intracellular receptors, which mediate the actions of several classes of essential hormones and cellular signals; he uses both mechanistic and systems approaches to pursue these problems in pure molecules, cells and whole organisms. Dr. Yamamoto was a founding editor of Molecular Biology of the Cell, and serves on numerous editorial boards and scientific advisory boards, and national Committees focused on public and scientific policy, public understanding and support of biological research, and science education; he chairs the Coalition for the Life Sciences (formerly the Joint Steering Committee for Public Policy) and for the National Academy of Sciences, he chairs the Board on Life Sciences. Dr. Yamamoto has long been involved in the process of peer review and the policies that govern it at the National Institutes of Health, serving as Chair of the Molecular Biology Study Section, member of the NIH Director's Working Group on the Division of Research Grants, Chair of the Advisory Committee to the NIH Center for Scientific Review (CSR), member of the NIH Director's Peer Review Oversight Group, member of the CSR Panel on Scientific Boundaries for Review, member of the Advisory Committee to the NIH Director, Co-Chair of the Working Group to Enhance NIH Peer Review, and Co-Chair of the Review Committee for the Transformational R01 Award. Dr. Yamamoto was elected as a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1988, the National Academy of Sciences in 1989, the Institute of Medicine in 2003, and as a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Sciences in 2002.


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FOR408: Windows Forensic Analysis
Mon, July 28 - Sat, August 2, 2014
Master Windows Forensics : What Do You Want to Uncover Today?
Every organization will deal with cyber-crime occurring on the latest Windows operating systems. Analysts will investigate crimes including fraud, insider threats, industrial espionage, traditional crimes, and computer hacking. Government agencies use media exploitation of Windows systems to recover key intelligence available on adversary systems. To help solve these cases, organizations are hiring digital forensic professionals, investigators, and agents to uncover what happened on a system.
FOR408: Windows Forensic Analysis focuses on the critical digital forensics knowledge of the Microsoft Windows operating system. You will learn how computer forensic analysts focus on collecting and analyzing data from computer systems to track user-based activity that can be used in internal investigations or civil/criminal litigation.
Proper analysis requires real data for students to examine. The completely updated FOR408 course trains digital forensic analysts through a series of new hands-on laboratory exercises that incorporate evidence found on the latest Microsoft technologies (Windows 8.1, Office365, Skydrive, Sharepoint, Exchange Online, and Windows Phone). This will ensure that students are prepared to investigate the latest trends and capabilities they might encounter. In addition, students will have labs that cover both Windows XP and Windows 7 artifacts.
FOR408 Windows Forensic Analysis will teach you to:
- Conduct in-depth forensic analysis of Windows operating systems and media exploitation focusing on Windows 7, Windows 8/8.1, XP, and Windows Server 2008/2012
- Identify artifact and evidence locations that will answer key questions, including questions about program execution, file opening, external device usage, geo-location, file download, anti-forensics, and system usage
- Focus your capabilities on analysis instead of how to use a specific tool
- Extract key answers by utilizing proper analysis via a variety of free, open-source, and commercial tools in the Windows SIFT Workstation
Updated FOR408 Course in 2014: This course utilizes a brand-new Windows 8.1 based case exercise that took over 6 months to create the data. Realistic example case data takes months to create in real time correctly. The example case is a Windows 8.1 based image that has the subject utilize Windows Phone, Office 365, Sharepoint, MS Portal Online, Skydrive/Onedrive, Dropbox, and USB external devices. Our development team spent months creating an incredibly realistic scenario. The case demonstrates the latest technologies an investigator would encounter analyzing a Windows operating system. The brand new case workbook, will detail the step-by-step each investigator could follow to examine the latest technologies including Windows 8.1.
- Windows Operating Systems (XP, Vista, Win7, Win8/8.1, Server 2008/2012)
- Windows File Systems (NTFS, FAT, exFAT)
- Advanced Evidence Acquisition Tools and Techniques
- Registry Forensics
- Windows Artifact Analysis
- Facebook, Gmail, Hotmail, Yahoo Chat and Webmail Analysis
- E-Mail Forensics (Host, Server, Web)
- Microsoft Office Document Analysis
- Windows Link File Investigation
- Windows Recycle Bin Analysis
- File and Picture Metadata Tracking and Examination
- Prefetch Analysis
- Event Log File Analysis
- Firefox, Chrome, and Internet Explorer Browser Forensics
- Deleted File Recovery
- String Searching and File Carving
- Examination of Cases Involving Windows XP, Vista, Windows 7, and Windows 8/8.1
- Media Analysis and Exploitation involving:
- Tracking user communications using a Windows PC (e-mail, chat, IM, webmail)
- Identifying if and how the suspect downloaded a specific file to the PC
- Determining the exact time and number of times a suspect executed a program
- Showing when any file was first and last opened by a suspect
- Determining if a suspect had knowledge of a specific file
- Showing the exact physical location of the system
- Tracking and analysis of external and USB devices
- Showing how the suspect logged on to the machine via the console, RDP, or network
- Recovering and examining browser artifacts, even those used in a private browsing mode
- Discovering utilization of anti-forensics, including file wiping, time manipulation, and program removal
- The Course Is Fully Updated to Include Latest Windows 8.1 and Server 2012 Examinations
Course Syllabus
FOR408.1: Windows Digital Forensics and Advanced Data Triage
Rob Lee
Mon Jul 28th, 2014
Focus: Modern techniques in digital forensics on Windows systems. Triage-based acquisition techniques. Stream- and file-based extraction techniques. Evidence mounting and examination.
The Windows Forensics course starts with an examination of digital forensics in today�s interconnected environments and discusses challenges associated with mobile devices, tablets, cloud storage, and modern Windows operating systems. We will discuss how modern hard drives, such as Solid State Devices (SSD), can affect the digital forensics acquisition process and how analysts need to adapt to overcome the introduction of these new technologies.
Hard drive sizes are increasingly more difficult to handle appropriately in digital cases. Being able to acquire data in an efficient and forensically sound manner is critically important to every investigator today. Most basic analysts can easily image a hard drive using a write blocker. In this course, we will review the core techniques while introducing new triage-based acquisition and extraction capabilities that will increase the speed and efficiency of the acquisition process. We will demonstrate how to acquire memory, the NTFS MFT, Windows logs, Registry, and key files that will take minutes to acquire instead of the hours or days currently spent on acquisition.
We will also begin processing our collected evidence using stream-based and file-carving-based extraction capabilities that employ both commercial and open-source tool and techniques. Seasoned investigators will need to know how to target the specific data they need in order to begin to answer key questions in their case.
CPE/CMU Credits: 6
- Windows Operating System Components
- Key Differences in Windows Versions
- Windows 8.1 and Beyond
- Microsoft Server Variations
- Core Forensic Principles
- Analysis Focus
- Key Questions
- Determining Your Scope
- Live Response and Triage-Based Acquisition Techniques
- RAM Acquisition
- Registry Extraction
- Creating Custom Content Images
- Triage-Based Forensics � Fast Forensic Acquisition � Key Files
- Following the Order of Volatility
- Triage via Custom Content Extraction
- Acquisition Review with Write Blocker
- Advanced Acquisition Challenges
- Detecting Encrypted Drives
- SSD vs. Standard Platter-Based Hard Drives
- SSD Acquisition Concerns
- Windows Image Mounting and Examination
- FAT and NTFS File System Overview
- Key Word Searching and Forensics Suites (FTK, EnCase, and Autopsy)
- Document and File Metadata
- File Carving
- Principles of data carving
- Loss of file system metadata
- File carving tools
- Custom carving signatures
FOR408.2: Core Windows Forensics Part I: Registry and USB Device analysis
Rob Lee
Tue Jul 29th, 2014
FOCUS: Windows XP, Windows 7, and Windows 8/8.1 Registry Analysis and USB Device Forensics.
Our journey continues with the Windows Registry, where the digital forensic investigator will learn how to discover critical user and system information pertinent to almost any investigation. Each examiner will learn how to navigate and examine the Registry to obtain user profile data and system data. The course teaches forensic investigators how to prove that a specific user performed key word searches, ran specific programs, opened and saved files, perused folders, and used removable devices.
Removable storage device investigations are often a key part of performing digital forensics. We will show you how to perform in-depth USB device examinations on Windows 8, Windows 7, Vista, and Windows XP machines. You will learn how to determine when a storage device was first and last plugged in, its vendor/make/model, and even the unique serial number of the device used.
Throughout the section, investigators will use their skills in a real hands-on case, exploring evidence and analyzing evidence.
- Profile a computer system using evidence found in the Registry
- Profile a user�s activities using evidence found in the Registry
- Examine which programs a user recently executed through examining the userassist key in the registry
- Determine which files a user recently opened via the recentdocs keys in the registry
- Find folders recent accessed by a user via the open/save keys in the registry
- Track USB and BYOD devices that were connected to the system via the Registry and file system
- Recover critical user data from the pagefile, memory images, and unallocated space
CPE/CMU Credits: 6
Registry Forensics In-Depth
- Registry Basics
- Hives, Keys, and Values
- Registry Last Write Time
- MRU Lists
- Profile Users and Groups
- Discover Usernames and the SID Mapped to Them
- Last Login
- Last Failed Login
- Logon Count
- Password Policy
- Core System Information
- Identify Current Control Set
- System Name and Version
- Timezone
- Local IP Address Information
- Wireless/Wired/3G Networks
- Geo-location Using Wireless Networks
- Network Shares
- Last Shutdown Time
- User Forensic Data
- Evidence of Program Execution
- Evidence of File Downloads
- Evidence of File and Folder Access (Shellbags)
- XP, Win7, Win8/8.1 Search History
- Typed Paths and Directories
- Recent Documents (RecentDocs)
- Open-> Save/Run Dialog Boxes Evidence
- Application Execution History (UserAssist)
- External and Bring Your Own Device (BYOD) Forensic Examinations
- Vendor/Make/Version
- Unique Serial Number
- Last Drive Letter
- MountPoints2 � Last Drive Mapping Per User
- Volume Name and Serial Number
- Username that Used the USB Device
- Time of First Use of USB Device
- Time of Last Use of USB Device
- BYOD Device Forensics
- Tools Utilized
- Regripper and Regripper Plug-ins
- Access Data Registry Viewer
- YARU (Yet Another Registry Utility)
FOR408.3: Core Windows Forensics Part II - E-Mail Forensics
Rob Lee
Wed Jul 30th, 2014
Focus: You will learn how major forensic suites can facilitate and expedite the investigative process, and how to recover and analyze e-mail, the most popular form of communication. Client-based, server-based, mobile, and web-based e-mail forensic analysis are discussed in-depth.
Depending on the type of investigation and authorization, a wealth of evidence can be unearthed through the analysis of e-mail files. Recovered e-mail can bring excellent corroborating information to an investigation, and its informality often provides very incriminating evidence. It is common for users to have e-mail that exists locally on their workstation, on their company e-mail server, in the private cloud, and in multiple webmail accounts.
This section discusses what types of information can be relevant to an investigation, where to find e-mail files, and how to use forensic tools to facilitate the analysis process. We will find that the analysis process is similar across different types of e-mail stores, but the real work takes place in the preparation � finding and extracting the e-mail files from a variety of different sources.
CPE/CMU Credits: 6
E-mail Forensics
- Evidence of User Communication
- How E-Mail Works
- Determining Sender�s Geographic Locations
- Examination of E-Mail
- Types of E-Mail Formats
- Microsoft Outlook
- Web-Based Mail
- Microsoft Exchange and Office 365
- Lotus Notes
- Exchange Dumpster Forensics
- Recovering Deleted E-Mails
- E-Mail Forensics
- E-Mail Searching and Examination
FOR408.4: Core Windows Forensics Part III - Windows Artifact and Log File Analysis
Rob Lee
Thu Jul 31st, 2014
Focus: Suspects unknowingly create hundreds of files that link back to their actions on a system. You will learn how to examine key files such as shortcut (LNK) files, Windows prefetch, pagefile/system memory, and more. The latter part of the section centers on examining Windows event log files, demonstrating their usefulness in both simple and complex cases.
Being able to show the first and last time a file was opened is a critical analysis skill. Utilizing shortcut (LNK) and jumplist databases, we are able to easily pinpoint which file was opened and when. We will demonstrate how to examine the pagefile, system memory, and unallocated space, all difficult-to-access locations that can offer the critical data for your case.
Windows log file analysis has solved more cases than possibly any other type of analysis. Understanding the locations and content of these files is crucial to the success of any type of investigator. Many investigators overlook these files because they do not have adequate knowledge or tools to get the job done. The last part of the section will arm each investigator with the core knowledge and capability to maintain this crucial skill for many years to come.
- Recycle bin analysis
- Shortcut (LNK) file analysis to determine first/last times a file was opened
- Windows 8.1 Prefetch file analysis to determine 8 previous times of execution
- Recovery of chat sessions, Web-based e-mail, social networking, and private browsing
- Merge event logs and perform advanced filtering
- Profile account usage and determine logon session length
- Identify evidence of time manipulation on a system
- Supplement registry analysis with BYOD device auditing
- Analyze historical records of wireless network associations and geo-locate a device
- See results of audit policy decision within the Security Event Log
CPE/CMU Credits: 6
Memory, Pagefile, and Unallocated Space Analysis
- Artifact Recovery and Examination
- Facebook Live, MSN Messenger, Yahoo, AIM, GoogleTalk Chat
- IE8/IE9 InPrivate/Recovery URLs
- Yahoo, Hotmail, G-Mail, Webmail, E-Mail
Forensicating Files Containing Critical Digital Forensic Evidence
- Office Documents (doc, and .docx)
- Adobe Files
- EXIF Data including GPS Coordinates
- Link/Shortcut Files (.lnk)
- Win7/Win8 Jump Lists
- XP Thumbs.db and Vista/Win7/Win8 Thumbscache Files
- Internet Chat Programs (Skype/AIM/MSN)
- Windows Prefetch Analysis (XP/Vista/Win7/Win8)
- Windows Recycle Bin Analysis (XP/Vista/Win7/Win8)
Windows Event Log Analysis
- Which Windows Events Matter to a Digital Forensic Investigator
- EVTX and EVT Log Files
- Track account usage including RDP, brute force password attacks, and rogue local account usage
- Audit and analyze file and folder access
- Track application installations
- Find evidence of malware execution
- Identify suspicious services
- Prove system time manipulation
- Track bring your own device (BYOD) and external devices
- Geo-locate a device via event logs
FOR408.5: Core Windows Forensics Part IV: Web Browser Forensics- Firefox, Internet Explorer, and Chrome
Rob Lee
Fri Aug 1st, 2014
Focus: This section looks at Internet Explorer, Firefox, and Chrome Web Browser digital forensics. You will learn how to examine exactly what individuals did while surfing via their Web browser. The results may give you pause the next time you use the Web!
With the increasing use of the Web and the shift toward Web-based applications and cloud computing, browser forensic analysis is a critical skill. During this section, the investigator will comprehensively explore Web browser evidence created during the use of Internet Explorer, Firefox, and Google Chrome. The hands-on skills taught here, such as SQLite and ESE database parsing, allow investigators to extend these methods to nearly any browser they encounter. The analyst will learn how to examine every major artifact stored by the browser, including cookies, visit and download history, Internet cache files, browser extensions, and form data. We will show you how to find these files and identify the common mistakes investigators make when interpreting browser artifacts. You will also learn how to analyze some of the more obscure browser artifacts such as session restore, tracking cookies, and private browsing remnants.
Throughout the section, investigators will use their skills in real hands-on cases, exploring evidence created by Chrome, Firefox, and Internet Explorer along with Windows Operating System artifacts.
- Track a suspect�s activity in browser history and cache files and identify local file access
- Analyze artifacts found within the Extensible Storage Engine (ESE) database format
- Examine which files a suspect downloaded
- Determine URLs that suspects typed, clicked on, bookmarked, or merely popped up while they were browsing
- Identify IE artifacts associated with specific Windows 8 Metro UI applications
- Parse automatic crash recovery files to reconstruct previous browser sessions
- Leverage Google Analytics cookies to profile user behaviors
- Learn to manually parse SQLite databases from Firefox and Chrome
- Identify anti-forensics activity and find private browsing sessions
- Investigate browser auto-complete data
CPE/CMU Credits: 6
Browser Forensics
- History
- Cache
- Searches
- Downloads
- Understanding Browser Timestamps
- Internet Explorer
- IE Key Forensic File Locations
- History files: Index.dat and WebCache.dat
- Cache Index.dat Timestamps
- Win8 Metro UI Applications
- Download History
- InPrivate Browsing Artifact Recovery
- Internet Explorer Tab Recovery Folder Analysis
- Firefox
- Firefox Artifact Locations
- Mork Format and SQLite Files
- Download History
- Cache Examinations
- Typed URLs
- Form History
- Private Browsing Mode
- Session Recovery
- Firefox Extensions
- Chrome
- Chrome File Locations
- History Information and Page Transition Types
- Chrome Timestamps
- Cache Examinations
- Download History
- Examination of Browser Artifacts
- Super Cookies
- Flash Cookie Files
- DOM and Web Storage ObjectsGoogle Analytics Cookies
- Tools Used
- Nirsoft Tools
- Woanware ChromeForensics
- SQLite Manager
FOR408.6: Windows Forensic Challenge
Rob Lee
Sat Aug 2nd, 2014
Focus: This section revolves around a Digital Forensic Challenge based on Windows Vista/7. It is a capstone exercise for every artifact discussed in the class. You will use this section to consolidate the skills that you have learned over the past week.
Nothing will prepare you more as an investigator than a full hands-on challenge that requires you to use the skills and knowledge presented throughout the week. In the morning, you will have the option to work in teams on a real forensic case. Students will be provided evidence to analyze and the exercise will step you through the entire case flow, including proper acquisition, analysis, and reporting in preparation for a possible trial. Teams will work on the case with the objective of profiling computer usage and discovering critical pieces of evidence to present during the trial.
This complex case will involve an investigation into one of the most recent versions of the Windows Operating System. The evidence is real and provides the most realistic training opportunity currently available. Solving the case will require that students use all of the skills gained from each of the previous sections.
The section will conclude with a mock trial involving presentations of the evidence collected. The team with the best in-class presentation and short write-up wins the challenge � and the case!
- Windows 7/Vista-Based Forensic Challenge
- Mock Trial
CPE/CMU Credits: 6
Digital Forensic Case
- Analysis
- Following evidence analysis methods discussed throughout the week, find critical evidence.
- Examine registry, e-mail, recovered files, and more.
- Reporting
- Focus and submit the top three pieces of evidence discovered and discuss what they prove factually.
- Document one of the submitted pieces of evidence for potential examination during the mock trial.
- Presentation
- Each team will be asked to prepare an:
- Executive Summary
- Short Presentation
- Conclusion
- The team voted to have the best argument and presentation proving their case will win the challenge.
Additional Information
Laptop Required
A properly configured system is required for each student participating in this course. Before coming to class, carefully read and follow these instructions exactly.
You can use any 64-bit version of Windows, MAC OSX, or Linux as your core operating system that also can install and run VMware virtualization products. You also must have 8 GB of RAM or higher for the VM to function properly in the class.
It is critical that your CPU and operating system support 64-bit so that our 64-bit guest virtual machine will run on your laptop. VMware provides a free tool for Windows and Linux that will detect whether or not your host supports 64-bit guest virtual machines. For further troubleshooting, this article also provides good instructions for Windows users to determine more about the CPU and OS capabilities. For Macs, please use this support page from Apple to determine 64-bit capability.
Please download and install VMware Workstation 10, VMware Fusion 6.0, or VMware Player 6.0 or higher versions on your system prior to class beginning. If you do not own a licensed copy of VMware Workstation or Fusion, you can download a free 30-day trial copy from VMware. VMware will send you a time-limited serial number if you register for the trial at their Web site.
- CPU: 64-bit Intel x64 2.0+ GHz processor or higher-based system is mandatory for this class (Important - Please Read: a 64-bit system processor is mandatory)
- 8 GB (Gigabytes) of RAM or higher is mandatory for this class (Important - Please Read: 8 GB of RAM or higher of RAM is mandatory)
- Ethernet CAT5 Networking Capability Recommended or Wireless 802.11 B/G/N
- USB 2.0 or higher Port(s)
- 200 Gigabyte Host System Hard Drive minimum
- 150 Gigabytes of Free Space on your System Hard Drive - Free Space on Hard Drive is critical.
- Students should have the capability to have Local Administrator Access within their host operating system
- Host Operating System: Any version of Windows, MAC OSX, or Linux operating system that also can install and run VMware virtualization products ( VMware Workstation, VMware Fusion , or VMware Player )
- Download and install Winzip or 7Zip
- Microsoft Office (any version) w/Excel or OpenOffice w/Calc installed on your host - Note you can download Office Trial Software online (free for 60 days)
- Install VMware Workstation 10, VMware Fusion 6.0, or VMware Player 6.0 (higher versions are ok) )
- Download and install Winzip or 7Zip
- One 3.5 inch IDE or SATA hard disk drive from:
- Hard drive purchased from EBAY or Craigslist
- Hard drive from used PC at home/work
- Note - this hard drive is used during an optional image acquisition exercise; we use the used drive for imaging only
- Bring the proper system hardware (64bit/8GB Ram) and operating system configuration
- Install VMware (Workstation, Player, or Fusion), MS Office, and 7zip
If you have additional questions about the laptop specifications, please contact email@example.com.
Who Should Attend
- Information technology professionals who want to learn the in-depth concepts of Windows digital forensics investigations.
- Incident response team members who need to use deep-dive digital forensics to help solve their Windows hacking cases.
- Law enforcement officers, federal agents, or detectives who want to become a deep subject-matter expert on digital forensics for Windows-based operating systems.
- Media exploitation analysts who need to master tactical exploitation and Document and Media Exploitation (DOMEX) operations on Windows-based systems used by an individual. Attendees will be able to specifically determine how individuals used a system, who they communicated with, and the files that were downloaded, edited, and deleted.
- Anyone interested in a deep understanding of Windows forensics who has a background in information systems, information security, and computers.
FOR408 is a follow-on class for those who have a foundation in and understanding of the digital forensics process and evidence acquisition. FOR408 is an intermediate course that skips over the introductory material of digital forensics. The class is good for those who are new to forensics or advanced analysts, but who do not want to spend a day on basic and core digital forensic concepts and techniques. We move quickly into the analysis of Windows and spend most of our time analyzing Windows artifacts in the class.
Why Take This Course?
What You Will Receive
- Windows 8.1 version of the SIFT Workstation Virtual Machine with over 150 commercial, open source and freeware Digital Forensics and Incident Response tools prebuilt into the environment
- Windows 8.1 Standard License and Key for the Windows SIFT Workstation
- Full license to:
- AccessData FTK for a three-month trial
- Full license to MagnetForensics Internet Evidence Finder for a 15-day trial
- TZWorks Toolset for a three-month trial
- NUIX for a month trial
- 64 GB USB Key with four full real-world cases to examine during and after class
- 64 GB USB Key with four full real-world cases to examine during and after class
- Windows 8.1
- Windows 7
- Windows Vista
- Windows XP
- SANS exercise workbook with detailed step-by-step instructions
- Wiebetech Ultradock v5 Write Blocker Kit
- IDE and SATA Cable Connector
- Three FireWire Ports
- USB 3.0 Port
You Will Be Able To
- Perform proper Windows forensic analysis by applying key techniques focusing on Windows 7/8/8.1
- Use full-scale forensic tools and analysis methods to detail nearly every action a suspect accomplished on a Windows system, including who placed an artifact on the system and how, program execution, file/folder opening, geo-location, browser history, profile USB device usage, and more
- Uncover the exact time that a specific user last executed a program through Registry and Windows artifact analysis, and understand how this information can be used to prove intent in cases such as intellectual property theft, hacker-breached systems, and traditional crimes
- Determine the number of times files have been opened by a suspect through browser forensics, shortcut file analysis (LNK), e-mail analysis, and Windows Registry parsing
- Use automated analysis techniques via AccessData�s Forensic ToolKit (FTK), Nuix, and Internet Evidence Finder (IEF)
- Identify keywords searched by a specific user on a Windows system in order to pinpoint the files and information that the suspect was interested in finding and accomplish detailed damage assessments
- Use Windows shellbags analysis tools to articulate every folder and directory that a user opened up while browsing local, removable, and network drives
- Determine each time a unique and specific USB device was attached to the Windows system, the files and folders that were accessed on it, and who plugged it in by parsing key Windows artifacts such as the Registry and log files
- Learn event log analysis techniques and use them to determine when and how users logged into a Windows system, whether via a remote session, at the keyboard, or simply by unlocking a screensaver
- Determine where a crime was committed using Registry data to pinpoint the geo-location of a system by examining connected networks and wireless access points
- Use free browser forensic tools to perform detailed Web browser analysis, parse raw SQLite and ESE databases, and leverage session recovery artifacts and flash cookies to identify the Web activity of suspects, even if privacy cleaners and in-private browsing are used.
Press & Reviews
Course Review: SANS FOR408 Windows Forensic Analysis http://www.ethicalhacker.net/content/view/459/24/
Course and GIAC Cert Review: http://hackingexposedcomputerforensicsblog.blogspot.com/2014/02/daily-blog-226-look-ma-im-gcfe.html
�This is a very high-intensity course with extremely current course material that is not available anywhere else in my experience.� � Alexander Applegate, Auburn University
�Best forensics class I've had yet (and pretty much the only one that gives you some sort of framework on HOW to attack an exam).� � Det. Juan C. Marquez, Prince William County, Virginia Police Department
�Hands down the BEST forensics class EVER!! Blew my mind at least once a day for 6 days!� � Jason Jones, USAF
�I took SANS FOR408 Windows Forensics and the learning opportunity was second to none. Anyone looking for a first-rate forensics class that you can immediately take back to the real world and apply to their job needs to take at least one class from SANS in their lifetime. Whatever the cost may be to you, if forensics is a career priority to you, then you need to take at least one forensics class from SANS.� � Chris Nowell, Information Security Architect, Airlines Reporting Corporation
�As a member of the IR team, this course will aid in investing compromised hosts.� � Mike Piclher, URS Corp.
�FOR408 is based on real scenarios that are likely to occur again. The most up-to-date training I have received.� � Martin Heyde, UK Ministry of Defence
�Best forensics course I�ve taken to date. Vast amounts of information.� � Ellen Clark, FBI
�Call me a geek, but this is FUN!� � Frank Dixon, The Babcock & Wilcox Company
�Overall the course continues to be chock full of megalicious forensicness. Thanks a bunch for the key knowledge.� � Vincent Bryant, Blue Cross Blue Shield of Tennessee
�If you weren�t interested in forensics before, you will be after this class. For those who already love it, it�s reassurance that you�re doing the right thing with your life.� � Cleora Madison, Walt Disney Theme Parks and Resorts
�The Registry labs are invaluable. I learned more in this class about registry than in 10 years at work. Thanks!� � Michael Mimo, JP Morgan
�I was really looking forward to Windows in-depth and that�s exactly what we�re getting!� � Joshua Hoover, Charles Schwab
�I have been using forensics tools for years. I never professed to know it all; however, I did not expect to learn as much as I did.� � Jody Hawkins, Cook Children�s Health Care System
�I really appreciate the prebuilt and configured SIFT workstation. The FOR 408 class materials and instruction were outstanding.� � Clint Modesitt, LSUHSC
�FOR408 is absolutely necessary for any computer forensic type career. Excellent information!� � Rebecca Passmore, FBI
"Before I arrived here, I knew the basics of comp. forensics. After taking this course I feel that if suited with the proper tools, I could handle the task of working a live case" - Anonymous
"This course was by far the most informative and well taught class I have attended." - Brian Periera, Farfield PD
"Love the amount of detail/info in books, love the VM." - Jeff Datzman, Vacaville Police Department
Author Statement
After 27 years in law enforcement, three capabilities immediately rise to the top of my list when I think of what makes a great digital forensic analyst: superior technical skill, sound investigative methodology, and the ability to overcome obstacles. SANS FOR408: Windows Forensic Analysiswas designed to impart these critical skills to the students. Unlike many other training courses that focus on teaching a single tool, FOR408 provides training on many tools. While there are some exceptional tools available, we feel that all forensic analysts need a variety of tools in their arsenal to be able to pick and choose the best tool for each task. However, we also understand that forensic analysts are not great because of the tool(s) they use, but because they artfully apply the right investigative methodology to each analysis. A carpenter can be a master with all his tools and still not know how to build a house. FOR408 teaches students to apply digital forensic methodologies to a variety of case types and situations, allowing them to apply in the real world the right methodology to achieve the best outcome. Finally, the course teaches and demonstrates the problem-solving skills necessary to be a truly successful forensic analyst. Almost immediately after starting your forensic career, you will learn that each forensic analysis presents its own unique challenges. A technique that worked flawlessly for previous examinations may not work for the next one. A good forensic analyst must be able to overcome obstacles through advanced troubleshooting and problem-solving. FOR408 gives students the foundation to solve future problems, overcome obstacles, and become great forensic analysts. No matter if you are new to the forensic community or have been doing forensics for years, FOR408 is a must-have course.
- Ovie Carroll
Former students have contacted me regularly about how they were able to use their digital forensic skills in very real situations that were part of the nightly news cycle. The skills you learn in this class are used directly to stop evil. Graduates of Windows Forensics are the front-line troops deployed when you need accurate digital forensic and media exploitation analysis. From analyzing terrorist laptops to investigating insider intellectual property theft and fraud, SANS digital forensic graduates are battling and winning the war on crime and terror. Graduates have directly contributed to solving some of the toughest cases out there because they learn how to conduct analysis and run investigations properly. It brings me great comfort knowing that this course places the correct methodology and knowledge in the hands of responders who thwart the plans of criminals or foreign attacks. Graduates are doing just that on a daily basis. I am proud that the SANS FOR408 course helped prepare them to fight and solve crime.
- Rob Lee
Digital forensics has never been more in demand than it is today. Zettabytes of data are created yearly, and forensic examiners will increasingly be called in to separate the wheat from the chaff. For better or worse, digital artifacts are recorded for almost every action, and the bar has been raised for investigators working to repel computer intrusions, stop intellectual property theft, and put bad actors in jail. We wrote this course as the forensics training we wish would have been available early in our careers. Keeping up with the cutting edge of forensics is daunting, but with frequent updates, I am confident this course provides the most up-to-date training available, whether you are just starting out or are looking to add new skills to your forensic arsenal.
- Chad Tilbury

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Gosnold, Massachusetts
|This article is a stub. Help us to expand it by contributing your knowledge. For county and town page guidelines, visit U.S. County Page Content Suggestions.
Gosnold is a town in Massachusetts. It was formed in 1864 and was previously called Chilmark. It can be found in Dukes county. For more information, contact the county at 28 Tower Hill Rd., Cuttyhunk 02713. On the attached map, Gosnold is shown as 7 in Dukes county.
For information about the state of Massachusetts see Massachusetts Family History Research.


text:
Our latest podcast features music and tall tales from Florida fiddler and story teller Richard Seaman (1904-2002).
Seaman was born on an orange grove in Kissimmee, Florida. While attending community gatherings as a young boy, he listened to local fiddlers as people square danced into the night. These experiences motivated him to pick up the fiddle and learn the craft. This environment was also conducive to the telling of "tall tales," which Seaman later recounted and delivered to captivated audiences with an intuitive flair.
Over the years, Seaman developed a repertoire of fiddle tunes that included waltzes and western swing, but the "old time" hoedown tunes he learned as a young man exemplify his contribution to the regional heritage of Florida fiddle playing. Folklorist Gregory Hansen notes that Seaman's fiddle tunes have influenced fiddlers from Florida and beyond, and even the genre of bluegrass music that this "old time" style of playing precedes.
In his early years of fiddle playing, Seaman moved to Jacksonville, where he performed in several bands, including the Melody Makers and the string band South Land Trail Riders. He and the Melody Makers also had a weekly radio program on WJAX. In 1955, Seaman put his fiddle down and didn't pick it up again for more than 30 years until he met banjoist/guitarist Jack Piccalo. The two began to play together at the Florida Folk Festival in White Springs, and continued to do so regularly until Seaman's death in 2002.
Fiddle tunes were not Seaman's only contribution to the Florida Folk Festival. He also recited "tall tales" to eager audiences on the Story Telling Stage. What made Seaman's stories engaging was his ability to weave reality and fantasy together, always framing the narrative with a plausible scenario, and resolving it with "a whopper." As Hansen points out, there is truth in Seaman's fictitious tales as he conveys, "the daily activities that form important components of his life experience," and in a greater sense, shared his vision of folklife in Florida.
In 2001, Seaman was recognized for his longstanding contribution to the folk culture of Florida when he received the Florida Folk Heritage Award at 96 years old.
This podcast highlights two performances by Seaman from the Florida Folk Festival. The first features Seaman's fiddle playing, partnered with Jack Piccalo's guitar, from the 1993 festival. In the second performance, we will hear an excerpt from Seaman's "tall tales" told from the Story Telling Stage at the 1992 festival.
Richard Seaman Podcast
Download: MP3
For more information, see: Catalog Record for Fiddle Performance; Catalog Record for Story Telling Performance; Gregory Hansen, A Florida Fiddler: The Life and Times of Richard Seaman (University of Alabama Press, 2007); Gregory Hansen, "Richard Seaman's Presence within Florida's Soundscape," in The Florida Folklife Reader, edited by Tina Bucuvalas (University Press of Mississippi, 2012).


text:
NEW YORK (Reuters) - Computer maker Dell Inc DELL.O updated facility sizes on its new approximately $7.2 billion loan that will back the company's $25 billion buyout by founder and CEO Michael Dell and private equity firm Silver Lake Partners, sources told Thomson Reuters LPC.
Tranching now includes a $1.5-1.55 billion, five-year term loan C, a $4.625-4.675 billion, 6.5-year term loan B, and a 650-700 million euro (roughly $877-945 million), euro-denominated term loan B. The term loans are expected to be covenant-lite.
The TLC is now guided at LIB+275, with a 1 percent Libor floor, and a 99.5 original issue discount (OID). Previously, the TLC was guided at LIB+275-300.
Price talk on the U.S. dollar TLB is now LIB+350, with a 1 percent Libor floor and a 99 OID. Previously, the U.S. dollar TLB was guided at LIB+375.
The euro TLB is now guided at EUR+375, with a 1 percent floor and a 99 OID. Previously the euro TLB was guided at EUR+400.
The Libor floors and OIDs are unchanged. The TLC will include 101 soft call protection for six months. The U.S. dollar/euro TLB will include 101 soft call protection for one year, versus six months previously.
Dell's leveraged buyout (LBO) loan, the second-largest institutional LBO loan this year behind Heinz's HNZUK.UL $9.5 billion institutional issuance backing its buyout by Berkshire Hathaway and 3G Capital, has been a major focus of leveraged investors since its launch September 11. The books were reportedly strong for both the bonds and loans during syndication.
"While the company definitely faces some headwinds, I think Dell will be able to generate a large amount of free cash flow to repay its debt," said one portfolio manager.
"It will get done," said one trader last week, adding that recent announcements from the Fed that it will hold off on tapering its asset purchases ease the macro backdrop as potential lenders look closely at the company.
Initially, Dell planned a $1.5 billion, five-year term loan C and a $4 billion, 6.5-year term loan B, all dollar-denominated. These loans were expected to run alongside a $2 billion, five-year asset-based revolving credit facility (about $750 million expected to be drawn at close), $2 billion in first-lien, seven-year secured notes and $1.25 billion in second-lien eight-year secured notes.
The $2 billion first-lien note issuance has been reduced to $1.5 billion, and the $1.25 billion second-lien note issuance has been eliminated, as Dell has shifted funding to less expensive first-lien loans.
An additional $150 million in cash from the balance sheet will now be used for the transaction, sources added.
Additionally, the MFN sunset provision on the loan's incremental facility has been removed.
Recommitments from U.S. lenders are due at 5:30 p.m. EST today, while recommitments from European lenders are due at 12 p.m. GMT September 24.
The TLC will amortize at 10 percent, 17.5 percent, 22.5 percent, 25 percent and 25 percent. The U.S. dollar/euro TLB will amortize at the standard 1 percent.
Bank of America Merrill Lynch, RBC, Barclays, Credit Suisse, and UBS are lead arrangers on the term loans and the ABL revolver.
Corporate family ratings are Ba3/BB-/BB-, and first-lien facility ratings are Ba2/BB+/BB+.
In addition to the new debt, equity from Michael Dell and certain related parties and new cash equity from Silver Lake, Michael Dell, and MSD Capital will finance the transaction.
MSD Capital is an investment firm created to manage the capital of Michael Dell and his family.
The financing package also will include an up to $2 billion 7.25 percent 10-year subordinated note issuance from Microsoft, and roughly $7.8 billion in existing cash on Dell's balance sheet. The Microsoft note could be reduced by up to $500 million at closing, and up to 3.50 percent of annual interest may be paid as PIK (payable-in-kind), sources note.
Editing By Jon Methven


text:
Create Your Own Hilarious "Polaroids" Birthday Card
Upload your own image and text to design your own bespoke card for that extra special occasion!
- A5 Greetings Card printed to your requirements
- Just enter your details in the boxes below, if left blank, card will be sent plain
- Our personalised cards are high quality, digital Xerox prints on thick (350gsm) smooth board
- ALL Card prices include FREE Royal Mail 1st Class postage
- All cards ordered will be printed and despatched within 24 hours (Monday - Friday)
- Cards sent back to you will be sealed in a cello bag and include an extra envelope to send onto recipient
- Royal Mail estimate 93% of cards will arrive the day after posting (Mon - Fri). All should arrive between 1-3 working days.
- In the unlikely event that your card does not arrive please email us: firstname.lastname@example.com and we will refund/replace


text:
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Rusco sediment filters make solid particle removal simple and economical. The Rusco replacement filter screen can be cleaned several times before needing to be replaced. The Rusco filter screen is easy to clean. No tools required. This Rusco replacement filter element is made of polyester. The Rusco sediment screen elements are also available in stainless steel for heavy duty sediment filtration.
- Advertised size includes ball valve attachment
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Reduces the following contaminants:
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|Used In Brands
|Manufacturer's Id
|Advertised Size (in)
|14-3/8 x 5
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|5 1/4 inches (length) x 1 1/4 inches (outside diameter)
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All of our jewelry can be made to order in our New York City workshop.
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At Kwiat, our promise is to continually re-imagine all that can be done with diamonds. In keeping with this rich tradition of innovation, we introduce our first jewelry designs made by combining two of the most enduring materials: diamonds and fine ceramic. Much like diamonds, fine ceramic made from zirconia is exceptionally durable. Kwiat fine ceramic is the highest quality available and achieves a superior luster that never fades. Smooth, sensual and exquisite – this material is as pleasing to the hand as it is to the eye.
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Salon Address 773 Madison Avenue Between 63rd and 64th New York, NY 10065
An effortless way to polish up a look is with diamond earrings. Diamond earrings match almost any ensemble and a add a bit of sparkle. From classic diamond solitaire studs for everyday wear to chic hoops full of shimmering diamonds to chandelier earrings that make a statement, Kwiat ethically sourced diamond earrings are an exceptional gift for a birthday, anniversary, graduation or another special moment.
All of our jewelry can be made to order in our New York City workshop.
Let us know what you are looking for and we'll create your dream design.
We invite you to preview Kwiat diamond jewelry at a boutique near you. Let us know which pieces are of interest to you so they are available for your appointment.
We invite you to see this ring in person at the Kwiat Salons in New York or Las Vegas, or at a trusted retailer partner near you. Please let us know your availability and we'll ensure the ring is available for you to view within 3-5 days.
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Principal Proposed Uses
Black and green tea are made from the same plant, but black tea has been allowed to oxidize, altering its constituents. While green tea is high in catechins (especially epigallocatechin gallate, or EGCG), black tea contains relatively high levels of theaflavins, theanine, and thearubigens. Although green tea is more commonly presented as a healthful beverage, traditional black tea too might have health-promoting properties. However, there is no reliable evidence as yet for any of its proposed health benefits.
What Is Black Tea Used for Today?
According to some but not all observational studies , high consumption of black tea is associated with reduced risk of heart disease and heart disease death. 1-3
Unfortunately, observational studies are notoriously unreliable for proving the efficacy of a treatment. Some additional support comes from animal studies that hint black tea may help prevent atherosclerosis , the primary cause of heart disease. 4 However, only double-blind , placebo-controlled studies can actually prove a treatment effective, and few have been conducted on black tea. (For information about why such studies are essential, see Why Does This Database Rely on Double-blind Studies? ) One double-blind, placebo-controlled study found that black tea modestly improves cholesterol profile, but it enrolled too few participants (a total of 15) to provide trustworthy results. 5 Another study, about twice as large, failed to find benefit. 18
A much larger study (more than 200 participants) evaluated a form of green tea enriched with black tea theaflavin. 6 In this substantial 3-month study, use of the tea product resulted in significant reductions in LDL ("bad") cholesterol as compared to placebo. However, these results might not apply to black tea itself.
Theanine, a component of black tea, has been advocated as a sports supplement . Physical activity causes elevation of the stress hormone cortisol, which could, in theory, interfere with the benefits of exercise by slowing muscle growth. One study widely reported by tea advocates tested a mixture of theanine and several other herbs and supplements ( Magnolia officinalis , Epimedium koreanum , beta-sitosterol , and phosphatidylserine ). 7 The results appeared to indicate that use of this combination could decrease the cortisol response to exercise, and on this basis, theanine and the combination supplement are widely marketed as an aid to body building. However, this study suffers from a number of limitations. Perhaps the most important of these limitations is that presumably the body releases cortisol during exercise for a reason, and preventing this response may not, in fact, produce health benefits. In addition, the study was not designed to look for particular benefits, such as improved muscle development.
Other preliminary evidence from small trials suggests that the consumption of theanine in black tea may reduce the body's response to stress in general (physical or psychological), 15,16 lead to a more relaxed mental state, 21 and help reduce blood pressure . 19,24
Black tea might also help prevent cancer , though evidence from observational studies is thoroughly inconsistent. 8-12 Weak observational study evidence additionally hints at benefits for osteoporosis . 13
Though black tea has shown blood-sugar-lowering effects in healthy people, 20 one study failed to find that a combined extract of black and green tea could help control blood sugar levels in people with type 2 diabetes . 17
Suntheanine, a supplement that contains L-theanine, showed some promise in improving sleep quality in boys with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). 23
Safety Issues
As an extraordinarily widely consumed beverage, black tea is presumed to have a high safety factor. Its side effects would be expected to be similar to those of coffee—heartburn, gastritis, insomnia, anxiety, and heart arrhythmias (benign palpitations or more serious disturbances of heart rhythm). 14 All drug interactions that can occur with caffeine would be expected to occur with black tea.
Interactions You Should Know About
If you are taking:
- MAO inhibitors : The caffeine in black tea could cause dangerous drug interactions.
- Stimulant drugs such as Ritalin: The stimulant effects of black tea might be amplified.
- Drugs to prevent heart arrhythmias or to treat insomnia , heartburn , ulcers , or anxiety : Black tea might interfere with their action.
- Folic acid : Black tea may decrease the absorption of folic acid into the blood stream. 22
Revision Information
- Reviewer: EBSCO CAM Review Board
- Review Date: 12/2015 -
- Update Date: 12/15/2015 -


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Data, Research & Maps
Toronto at a Glance
Quick facts about the City, including population, land area, average household income and more.
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Toronto measures its performance to identify where the City is doing well and where more effort or new approaches are needed.


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|Restoring classic cars is more than our specialty...
Its our passion.
My son Dino and I believe every automobile collector should have the satisfaction of meeting their specific goals for a custom car restoration project. Located in La Grange, IL, Custom Cars Unlimited has been in business in the Chicago area for over 39 years. Dino grew up in the business, and our staff is the finest team of skilled craftsmen you'll ever meet. We are ready to guide you through every step of planning the highest quality classic automobile restoration. Whether you have antique cars, a muscle car, vintage automobiles, a super sports model, a racing car, or a hot rod, we'll plan all the details of a numbers matching restoration or any enhancement that gives you the car you'll love.
— Pete Sanchez


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Blast From the D Past: Apple's Steve Jobs at D2 in 2004
Apple CEO Steve Jobs is making another appearance onstage at the eighth D: All Things Digital conference on June 1.
Until then, every week I am posting one of the previous interviews he did at past D events.
Here's the video, below, of the full interview from D2 in 2004. And pictured above: Jobs during the interview.
Last week, I posted the video of Jobs's first appearance, at D1 in 2003.
The rest, coming soon, include: D3 in 2005 and a solo interview at D5, along with Jobs's joint D5interview with Microsoft (MSFT) head Bill Gates, in 2007.
While the D5 videos were posted on the All Things Digital site in full, the others have not been easy to access.
One caveat: The source material of the earlier interviews is of varying quality, so audio synch is a little iffy.
So, without further ado, until the Apple (AAPL) leader holds forth again, here is the D2 video (and check out the gallery of the whole event here):


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Carboxylated Nitriles (CNBR or XNBR) are NBR compounds with an additional carboxyl group cross-link in the polymer. This addition to the NBR polymer provides benefits such as improved abrasion resistance and fluid resistance. Carboxylated Nitrile has excellent toughness, wear resistance and resistance to fluids. Carboxylated Nitriles have very good high temperature resistance but are not well suited to use in cold weather. Recommended application range is -18°C to +135°C (0°F to +275°F).
- 1)Values are typical averages only. Test information is based on specific conditions and limited sample size, and is only for general guidance. It does not supercede published data for the product. Customer must decide suitability for his purpose. Information applies at room temperature unless specified otherwise.


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Future Cats expect heated practices next season
CHICAGO - On the eve of the McDonald's All-American Game, some of the nation's best high school players were talkin' 'bout practice.
Not the game, which on Wednesday night will pit 28 of the top players in prep hoops against one another. And not Tuesday's private scrimmage, purported every year to be among the most hotly contested high school games on the planet.
The topic instead was the practices next season at Kentucky, which will feature at least six of the players in this year's McDonald's game - guards Andrew Harrison and Aaron Harrison, swingman James Young and forwards Julius Randle, Dakari Johnson and Marcus Lee - plus returning Wildcats Alex Poythress, Willie Cauley-Stein and Kyle Wiltjer, among others.
"Each practice (at UK) is going to be like an NBA-style practice, there's so many good players there," forward Aaron Gordon said. "It forces you to step your game up, and if you don't step your game up, then you don't get playing time."
Gordon on Tuesday committed to Arizona over Kentucky, Oregon and Washington.
"When a person commits somewhere else and he knows what kind of practices we're going to have, that's how you know it's a precedent that we set," Andrew Harrison said. "And it's going to be very intense."
Just how intense remains to be seen.
Every one of Kentucky's incoming players is an intense competitor, Johnson said. And each of them knows that could result in highly competitive, physical, challenging practices.
"It might be a couple fights or whatever at practice," Andrew Harrison said. "But I'm looking forward to it."
Wait, what?
Fights? As in, fights?
"There might be," Aaron Harrison said. "I wouldn't say that's a bad thing as long as it's for the right reasons, competitive reasons; it's not personal."
Johnson smiled when told the twins had suggested practice might lead to Cat-on-Cat violence.
"A lot of us are competitors and winners," Johnson said. "So there may be a couple of fights. But all in all, it's just competition."
And competition is the name of the game for Kentucky's incoming freshmen.
Lee and Johnson singled out Randle as perhaps the single most competitive player among the six future Cats at the McDonald's game, and Andrew Harrison bristled at the idea that they hadn't chosen him.
"I don't know about all that, now," Andrew Harrison said. "I don't think I'm all right with that. But we'll see in practice."
They'll see a lot in practice.
Kentucky, coming off a first-round NIT loss to Robert Morris, figures to have the deepest roster - and perhaps the most talented one - in John Calipari's tenure.
And it still could get better. The Wildcats continue to recruit Andrew Wiggins, the No. 1 player in the 2013 class, who's here this week, and are eying a potential backup point guard in Kentucky Mr. Basketball Dominique Hawkins.
That could mean intense battles in practice and for playing time.
"It's going to be real competitive," said Johnson, who added that he relishes the idea of battling fellow 7-footer Cauley-Stein in the post. "I think that's what makes you a better player, when you go up against people that are your caliber."
That apparently was lacking at Kentucky this season.
Several of the future Cats said Calipari talked to them this season about what Kentucky needed in practice and asked them to bring it to campus next season. He told Johnson to be tough and physical. He told Randle to set a tone of physicality and leadership.
"When I was at his practice for Big Blue Madness, we were talking about how this year they didn't really have anybody very vocal or just up-paced during practice and games," Lee said. "We kind of just decided that I had to bring something so we weren't like that again. I knew that was something I was able to do."
Lee expects his fellow freshmen to help him in raising the bar at practice.
"I think everybody kind of knows what's going to happen," Lee said. "We all realize that our practices are going to be a lot harder than probably the games."
And if that leads to heated tempers, these Cats are cool with it.
"Everybody's competitive," Randle said. "If it results in fighting, let's go. We're not fighting because we hate each other. We're fighting because we hate to lose. If you're fighting because you hate to lose, then I think we're in pretty good position."


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New Balance 998 Black Blue
The 49ers have longtime starters at both tackle spots, so Martin isn't likely to unseat Staley or Davis at any point as long as both remain healthy. But with right guard Alex Boone holding out, the third year player's versatility to play inside will likely benefit the team depthwise at four potential positions.
"It's a broad issue. I would say that the one person who has been very responsive in going through the program has been Richie Incognito," he told New Balance U410 Green
All of those trials seemed to be behind the 24 year old lineman during his first game with the 49ers, a 23 3 preseason loss that saw Martin in the lineup for the entire first half. Martin started at right tackle over Anthony Davis, who is still rehabbing an offseason shoulder injury, then switched to the left side once Pro Bowler Joe Staley exited the game.
While Martin continues to move forward in the preseason, there has been no disciplinary action by the NFL against the three biggest participants in the bullying scandal that facilitated his exit from the Dolphins. Mike Pouncey remains Miami's starting center while guard John Jerry signed a free agent deal with the New York Giants in the offseason. Richie Incognito, who was suspended by the Dolphins for the final seven games of 2013, remains a free agent.
NFL commissioner Roger Goodell refused to answer definitively when asked by the Newark Star Ledger last Friday if any of the trio could still face suspension from the league.
"New year, new season," Martin said after the game. "I'm just excited to be a part of the 49ers and be back to work."
working with his people and monitoring his progress on that front."
BALTIMORE ?? A little more than nine months ago, Jonathan Martin walked off the field following the Miami Dolphins' 27 17 Week 8 loss to the New England Patriots.
"He's been doing real well in camp," Staley said, noting that Martin's had no problems acclimating to the 49ers. "We're excited to have him."
Those struggles aside, Martin's fellow linemen are publicly saying all of the right things about their new teammate, something that the Wells report New Balance 998 Black Blue proved was certainly not going on behind the scenes in Miami.
"Whatever's asked of me."
"I'm just trying to stay ready and be ready to go at right or left (tackle) or right or left guard," Martin said. New Balance 420 Grey Vintage Trainers
the paper. "We're New Balance 410 Black And White
Jonathan Martin takes another step away from Dolphins' scandal
While Martin said he felt good during his first game action since October, he seemed rusty against the Ravens. He was called for a false start early in the second quarter and struggled at times on both pass and run plays. He had a hard time containing Baltimore linebacker Pernell McPhee while trying to protect quarterback Blaine Gabbert's blind side on the final play of the first half. On the 49ers' first offensive series, he blew a run block after tripping in front of Ravens safety Darian Stewart on a right sweep.
He wouldn't suit up in another NFL game until Thursday night, the preceding 283 days highlighted by accusations of bullying against then Dolphins guard Richie Incognito and several teammates, a missed final eight games of the 2013 season, an NFL investigation and a mid March trade that sent him across the country to the San Francisco 49ers. And if that wasn't enough, Martin then ended up missing more than three weeks of team OTAs this spring following a bout with mononucleosis that sapped him of 12 pounds and a decent amount of energy.
New Balance 998 Black Blue
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Pricing Property
- Course Delivery: On Demand
- Credit Hours: 4
- Credit Type: Elective
Students will be introduced to the concepts, types, and approaches to value. They will learn about market value; selecting the best comparables when estimating real property value; and accurately determining square footage. This course addresses how to correctly make adjustments to value, market timing, and the reasoning and strategies as to why property sells.
Course Objectives
Upon completion of this course, the student will be able to:
- Compare and contrast the three approaches to valuation; Describe the purposes and content of a comparative market analysis (CMA); Explain what comparables are used for and which to select when estimating real property value
- Analyze the factors affecting cost, price, and value; Identify the four characteristics necessary for real property to have value; Define key terms
- Estimate the value of properties using the cost method approach; Differentiate between the three forms of depreciation; Describe how replacement cost is determined
- Describe the income-capitalization approach to appraising the value of income-producing properties; Use the capitalization formula to calculate the value of a property; Explain the derivation of net operating income and how capitalization rates are calculated; Apply the gross rent multiplier
- Define the three classic approaches to value; and Explain a cost approach appraisal and when it is used.
- Describe a sales comparison approach appraisal; Follow the guidelines for when selecting comparable property; and Apply the 'two in, one out rule.'
Topics Covered
This course covers the following topics:
- Valuation
- Comparative Market Analysis
- Replacement Value
- Income-Capitalization Approach
- Cost Approach
- Comparables
Regulatory Information
Pricing Property - South Dakota Real Estate Commission
- Name:
- South Dakota Real Estate Commission
- Phone:
- 605-773-3600
- Fax:
- 605-773-4356
- Website URL:
- http://dlr.sd.gov/bdcomm/realestate/default.aspx
- Email Address:
- firstname.lastname@example.com
- Address:
- 221 W. Capitol, Ste. 101
- City:
- Pierre
- State:
- Zip:
- 57501
End of Course Instructions
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