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State legislators told the Educator Standards Board to create Ohio's first-ever code of conduct for educators, and it did.
State legislators told the Educator Standards Board to create Ohio's first-ever code of conduct for educators, and it did.
But the board members -- mostly teachers -- wrote the code in private, failing to notify the public or media that it was meeting, a violation of state law. Six of the 17 members of the board met twice in a Columbus City Schools facility last month.
Their draft makes clear that educators shouldn't engage in criminal activity; have inappropriate relationships with students; use drugs; drink alcohol at school events; disclose confidential student information; profit from students or schools inappropriately; falsify criminal histories; ignore abuse-reporting laws; harass colleagues; or abandon their jobs.
All of those offenses currently can cost educators their licenses or at least result in state-level discipline. But they've never been spelled out in plain language that specifies a set of expectations for teacher behavior.
"This code of conduct is not needed for the vast majority of teachers," said state Sen. Joy Padgett, a Coshocton Republican and member of the standards board. "It's needed for ones that cross the line. The vast majority of teachers � don't have to have someone tell them how to behave with students."
The entire standards board will vote on the code in January, and the State Board of Education is expected to review it in February. Its creation was required by a law passed in response to a Dispatch investigation published in October that pointed out serious flaws in the state's educator-discipline system.
The Ohio Department of Education press secretary said an oversight is to blame for the private meetings where the code was written. From now on, the public is invited to weigh in, both in meetings that will be announced and on the board's Web site, esb.ode.state.oh.us.
Padgett said she's not bothered that the teachers wrote the code in private because there are more opportunities to weigh in. She also said she's pleased that teachers -- not politicians -- wrote it.
The code's creators looked to other states that already have ethics documents in place, including Alabama and Georgia. They also drew on codes of conduct from other professions.
"Our full intent is to write this so that every educator can look at it and see how it makes sense for them," said Julia Simmerer, director of the standards board. "We didn't want to write it so that only certain people would understand it. We wanted it to be a document that everybody understood."
Writing the code of conduct was perhaps the easier of two tasks lawmakers gave to the standards board, which has worked mostly on teacher quality and qualifications. The second task, which hasn't begun, is to assign specific disciplinary measures to offenses.
That is meant to ensure that educators who misbehave are disciplined fairly and appropriately.
The Dispatch series "The ABCs of Betrayal" found that since 2000, more than 1,700 educators have been disciplined, but two-thirds were returned to the classroom or issued licenses. Many of those educators were disciplined in different ways for the same, or similar, offenses.
Lou Staffilino, an associate superintendent at the Education Department who oversees teachers, said he's unsure how the department and standards board will come up with a more- defined punishment system.
"We don't know right now. It's going to be hard work, but it's important work," he said.
With the code finished, the board faces a second task: Assign specific disciplinary measures to offenses.� Read the "ABCs of Betrayal" series and follow-up stories at Dispatch.com/teachers.


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Sugar & Spice | Spice Scent | Soy Candle | Essential Oil Candle
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subset: commoncrawl


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Last week the new remote for my camera finally came in the mail – it is tiny – and awesome! Emmett decided that since it was so small that it should really be a toy for him… especially after I showed him how it worked and he decided to set up an afternoon photoshoot featuring Thunder Angel.
now screening at the HQ…
We just got a big flat screen monitor at the HQ – Look at how great Brennan Conway's video "Trajectory" looks on it! We first met Brennan when he volunteered to help out with the deep dessert screening of Bernd Behr's video. After finding out more about Brennan own work we thought it would be a great addition to the ever expanding offerings at the HDTS Headquarters.
In 2008 Brennan was awarded a residency at CLUI's Wendover, Utah location – The town is near wide open salt flats and surrounded on two sides by vast weapons- testing areas. Brennan thought this was a good place to perform his own weapons test with a lever-action rifle, or "repeating rifle" – often called the "gun that won the west." Taking aim at the distant horizon, he fired a single bullet across the desert… then he went searching for it.


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It was announced today that Image comics, the house of Spawn and The Walking Dead, will create their very own comic book convention: Image Expo to launch in February of 2012…the company that shook the comic book industry is at it again.
Back in 1992, 7 comic book creators Todd McFarlane, Jim Lee, Rob Liefeld, Marc Silvestri, Erik Larsen, Jim Valentino and Whilce Portacio left Marvel Comics in an ongoing dispute over creator controls and royalties. Thus Image Comics was created and went on to creat characters such as Spawn, The Maxx, Savage Dragon and The Walking Dead. Image Comics succeeded in shaking up the Comic Book industry and opening it up for independent companies to thrive. Now, Image is at it again. The company just announced that they will be launching their own Comic Book/Creator convention in California to launch in February 2012. With the recent success of The Walking Dead as one of cable television's highest rated shows and the up coming movie projects for Spawn and Youngblood, image seems to be capitalizing on the growing business of conventions around the country. Will this then limit the big guns (McFarlane, Kirkman) from appearing at other conventions. Will Image now hold their major announcements for their own convention? Does anybody really care?
Read the full press release from Image comics with upcoming guests, convention schedule and where to sign up to attend and exhibit…click the pick below.


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You're So Sweet – Cherry On Top DSP
Tween Organization Station!
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Buchholz to pitch against Yankees on Friday
Ian Browne is a reporter for MLB.com. Read his blog, Brownie Points, and follow him on Twitter @IanMBrowne.
BOSTON -- When the Red Sox open their rivalry clash with the Yankees on Friday night in the Bronx, Clay Buchholz will make his return to the mound after dealing with a minor injury to his collarbone.
Buchholz, who has been one of the best pitchers in the Major Leagues this season, missed Monday's start against the Phillies.
His return should feature a marquee pitching matchup, as Friday is when CC Sabathia is next projected to pitch for the Yankees.
Felix Doubront will likely pitch against Phil Hughes on Saturday, followed by Ryan Dempster and Hiroki Kuroda in Sunday night's finale.


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SUBJECT: Magnet Oscillating Between Two Coils
DESCRIPTION: This animation shows the magnetic field of a permanent magnet suspended by a spring in the TeachSpin™ apparatus (see TeachSpin™ visualization), plus the magnetic field due to current in the two coils (here we see a "cutaway" cross-section of the apparatus). The magnet is fixed so that its north pole points upward, and the current in the two coils is sinusoidal and 180 degrees out of phase. When the effective dipole moment of the top coil points upwards, the dipole moment of the bottom coil points downwards. Thus, the magnet is attracted to the upper coil and repelled by the lower coil, causing it to move upwards. When the conditions are reversed during the second half of the cycle, the magnet moves downwards.
This process can also be described in terms of tension along, and pressure perpendicular to, the fieldlines of the resulting field. When the dipole moment of one of the coils is aligned with that of the magnet, there is a tension along the fieldlines as they attempt to "connect" the coil and magnet. Conversely, when their moments are anti-aligned, there is a pressure perpendicular to the fieldlines as they try to keep the coil and magnet apart.


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It's 31 days away. The best month every four years is literally just a month from our grasps and the excitement for the 2010 World Cup raised a level yesterday when the qualified nations announced preliminary, and even final rosters for the tournament.
A self-admitted U.S. Men's National Team junkie, this roster is mostly what anyone would expect – Charlie Davies omission notwithstanding. To be clear, Bob Bradley doesn't necessarily have to choose his final 23 players from this list, though it's inconceivable that anyone outside the 30 will be headed to South Africa as a member of the United States' squad.
Here's my reaction to the list by position:
GOALKEEPERS (3): Brad Guzan (Aston Villa), Tim Howard (Everton), Marcus Hahnemann (Wolverhampton)
Easy. When I say that, I mean there was literally no question that these would be the three goalkeepers selected. Bob Bradley has been consistent in his selection of Tim Howard and Fire PDL alum Brad Guzan in pretty much every important U.S. match the last three years. Howard has been the undisputed starter since the U.S. loss to Ghana in 2006 and Guzan's move to Aston Villa cemented his place as the American number two.
The third goalkeeper role is maybe the most intriguing on every team's World
Cup roster. Never very likely to play, team's sometimes elect to bring a young
keeper that shows potential to be a starter one day, giving them "World Cup
experience" without having to experience any of the pressure. This hasn't
really been the case for the U.S. in a while. Unless there are no huge
surprises, at age 37,vMarcus Hahnemann will almost assuredly be the oldest player on this U.S.
roster. Earning his first appearance over 15 years ago, the veteran keeper has
15 caps to his name and goes along as a "good locker room guy" and a reliable
backstop if disaster occurs.
DEFENDERS (9): Carlos Bocanegra (Rennes), Jonathan Bornstein (Chivas USA), Steve Cherundolo (Hannover), Jay DeMerit (Watford), Clarence Goodson (IK Start), Chad Marshall (Columbus Crew), Oguchi Onyewu (AC Milan), Heath Pearce (FC Dallas), Jonathan Spector (West Ham United)
Locks: Bocanegra, Cherundolo, DeMerit, Onyewu, Spector.
The center back tandem of Onyewu and DeMerit emerged during last year's Confederation's Cup and Bradley has kept Bocanegra on the field lately by playing him as a left back. Some question Bocanegra's speed as an outside back and its certainly valid, but compared to Pearce and Bornstein he is the best pure defensive option at the position. Though he won't be swarming up and down the flank, his inclusion with Onyewu and DeMerit make the U.S. a very dangerous team on set pieces.
Jonathan Spector and Steve Cherundolo will duke out the starting role at right back in this camp. The veteran Cherundolo has lost a step over this cycle but is still dependable going up the right and defending his side. Spector impressed many at last year's Confederations Cup and provides more physicality at the position than the 11-year Hannover player.
The Battles: Pearce vs. Bornstein at left back and Goodson vs. Marshall in central defense
I think there's a likelihood that three of the four names above will be on the final 23-man roster. There's also a chance that the winners of those two battles will fill out the defensive corps for Bradley. FIFA doesn't mandate any number of defenders, midfielders or forwards – they leave the tough decisions up to national team coaches, who's decisions are based on player versatility and team matchups.
The battle at left back has been back-and-forth throughout this World Cup cycle, beginning with Jonathan Bornstein's burst onto the national team stage in January 2007. Over time it seemed Heath Pearce won the position but a few bad performances combined with a lack of playing time with Bundesliga club Hansa Rostock re-opened the door for Bornstein.
The Chivas USA defender's performance against Holland in March raises questions of his ability against top teams, though if all things shake out equally, history suggests Bornstein, as a former player under Bradley, more likely to find his name on the final roster.
Clarence Goodson has quietly emerged as a serious option at center back since moving to Norway's IK Start in 2008. His performances for the U.S. over the last year put him in front of Columbus' Chad Marshall entering this camp, but this battle may not end up having a loser as both could reasonably make Bradley's squad for the World Cup.
Given the U.S. penchant for picking up cards in big international tournaments, it would be wise to bring eight defenders to the World Cup, but Bradley will also take into consideration the versatility of Bocanegra and Spector along the backline as well as midfielder Maurice Edu's ability to play as a center back in his decision.
IN THE END: If I'm picking winners of the above battles, I'd bet on Bornstein and Goodson to fill out the defensive corps.
MIDFIELDERS (12): DaMarcus Beasley (Rangers), Alejandro Bedoya
(Örebro), Michael Bradley (Borussia Mönchengladbach), Ricardo Clark (Eintracht
Frankfurt), Clint Dempsey (Fulham), Landon Donovan (Los Angeles Galaxy),
Maurice Edu (Rangers), Benny Feilhaber (Aarhus), Stuart Holden (Bolton), Sacha
Kljestan (Chivas USA), Robbie Rogers (Columbus Crew), José Torres (Pachuca)
Locks: Bradley, Clark, Dempsey, Donovan, Edu
The reason you take only seven defenders is so you can provide for this team's depth in midfield. At the bare minimum Bradley will take eight midfielders, more likely nine, and possibly even 10. There is no question about the above five making the roster, but elimination is a big reason why the elder Bradley makes the big bucks!
The Battles (Wingers): DaMarcus Beasley vs. Alejandro Bedoya vs. Stuart Holden vs. Robbie Rogers
Alejandro Bedoya has emerged as the dark horse, seemingly coming out of nowhere to challenge in the roster race for the World Cup. After impressing during his first U.S. appearance against Honduras in January, the Swedish-based winger could be the player with the fewest caps on the final roster on June 1.
Bedoya's story is very similar to that of DaMarcus Beasley's, who's selection to the 2002 team after only a handful of appearances was a surprise to many in American soccer.
Beasley's case is one of the most interesting out of the 30-man list. The former Fire winger has been in-and-out of Glasgow Rangers' lineup all season, dealing with injuries and a drop in form for club and country.
The Case for Beasley: He's still a youngish player that's already been to two World Cups and has big game experience from his time with PSV Eindhoven during their runs in the UEFA Champions League. His play for the U.S. against Holland in March was one of the few shining performances taken away from that game and Beasley is one of Bradley's guys.
Able to play on both flanks, Beasley's chances looked to take a boost when Stuart Holden went down injured in the March friendly against Holland. Out for two months, Holden made his competitive return in Bolton's 2-1 win over Birmingham City this past weekend.
All three players have very good chances of making Bradley's roster,
unfortunately for Robbie Rogers, who's recent play for the U.S. has been
sub-par, Holden's reemergence has made his ticket to South Africa an unlikely
The Battles (Central): Benny Feilhaber vs. Jose Francisco Torres vs. Sacha Kljestan
Sacha Kljestan has an uphill battle in this fight. Though not gritty, Torres and Feilhaber provide technical skill on the ball that is lacking among most of the other central midfielders on the list. Like other players on the 30, Kljestan does have the advantage of playing for Bradley with Chivas USA, but his form for the U.S. hasn't been great ever since his hat trick against Sweden in January 2009.
I think it likely both Feilhaber and Torres go. They bring intangibles that many others on this list just don't possess.
IN THE END: All five of the guys I predicted above could go, though it may only be four. Like I said mere seconds ago, Feilhaber and Torres are in. I think the cut among my picks comes from one of Beasley, Holden and Bedoya. Please don't ask me who Bob leaves stateside though, its way above my pay grade.
FORWARDS (6): Edson Buddle Los Angeles Galaxy), Brian Ching (Houston Dynamo), Robbie Findley (Real Salt Lake), Herculez Gomez (Puebla), Eddie Johnson (Aris Thessaloniki)
THE LOCK: Altidore
Some might even say Jozy isn't locked in, though I will. Forget the way he ended the league season in Hull, Jozy's physical presence and speed are absolutely needed for this team to succeed.
The biggest surprise to me is not that Charlie Davies was left off, though there is some disappointment. It's the omission of Conor Casey, who's two-goal performance last October against Honduras qualified the U.S. for their sixth consecutive World Cup. Casey's spot wasn't guaranteed then, but to see him missing from Bradley's list of 30 is surprising…
As for the rest, I'll opine that Bradley called the other five in to earn a job over the next two weeks.
If you have a political mind like myself, Ching and Johnson are the establishment, incumbent candidates. They've both been to a World Cup, were both involved in qualifying before this cycle and share 84 caps between them. They're safe, reliable bets – strikers that you're familiar with and know what to expect from on the international level.
Then there are the upstarts, Edson Buddle and Herculez Gomez. One named after a soccer god, the other after a Greek god – both an afterthought in Bradley's plans before the last few months. Who could have predicted either's rise in form?
Buddle, a player with one international cap, seven years ago, has nine goals in eight matches with Los Angeles this year. Gomez, with two caps to his name, tied for the goal scoring lead in the 2010 Mexican Clausura after going off Bradley's and Major League Soccer's radar.
Robbie Findley may play spoiler, after being granted a reprieve by Bradley, having failed to find the back of the net this season. The RSL striker is still in with a shout of the U.S. squad, but is as far outside as any player on the 30-man roster.
It's all up for grabs after Altidore. I don't dare predict the exact strikers we'll see go to South Africa but it seems likely one of the establishment: Ching or Johnson and one of the upstarts: Buddle or Gomez, will be there…


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Saturday, July 31, 2010
Padres pick up a hitter, Dodgers hope for a pitcher
Ludwick just turned 32 and is in his 8th year in the big leagues. He had a sensational year in 2008, cracking 80 XBH on his way to a .966 OPS (.406 wOBA and 5.4 WAR). His 2009 was not as impressive (.265/.329/.447), but 2010 has been much better (.281/.343/.484). He's racked up 2.6 WAR so far (2009 was only 2.0 WAR), and his .354 wOBA is right at his career average. He's a lifetime .832 OPS (117 OPS+) hitter, and he's considered an above-average fielder. He became a regular in 2007, after accumulating only about a season's worth of PA in his first four years. He had a stint on the 15-day DL earlier in the month. For perspective, only three Giants (Huff, Posey, Torres) are hitting above a .354 wOBA. The Cardinals apparently have a youngster (John Jay) ready to fill Ludwick's shoes in RF. St. Louis doesn't have that much of an offense, so it seems weird they'd let go of a good hitter. They obviously want another starter. We'll see what Westbrook can do. The real winner here is San Diego. They give up nothing and get a real bat for their lineup. He's not a game-changer, but he's a good player, and they don't lose anything on defense. He is immediately their 2nd-best hitter.
The Dodgers acquired Ted Lilly and Ryan Theriot in a "meh" deal that sends former 1st-rounder Blake DeWitt and prospects Brett Wallach and Kyle Smit to Chicago. Brett Wallach is Tim Wallach's son, he's a pitcher in A-ball. I don't think Lilly will solve the Dodgers rotation issues, but I suppose he's an upgrade over Carlos Monasterios.
5 comments:
I don't like our trades today too much. However, the Dodgers trades make me feel a little better. I can't believe that they just traded Joe and John away 8( At least get some bang for your buck. We trade TWO youngins for a thirty-something lefty reliever who has about a 1:1 K/BB ratio. He's like having a left handed Chris Ray (although Chris Ray is recovering from surgery and is still young and has actually pitched well in the past). The other trade for Ramon Ramirez is ehhh.
The Dodgers get Juan Pierre lite, Ted Lilly (mix Matt Cain's lack of run support with Zeet's fastball velocity and voila!, Ted Lilly), Ryan Theriot who is actually worse than the Infielder they traded, and Octavio Dotel. Octavio Dotel will help their bullpen but they paid way too much for him (their #3 prospect and a talented young arm).
It could have been worse. The Padres got Ryan Ludwick but at least I didn't hear of them getting any new starters. I think Miguel Tejada was a step back so they only marginally improved the team.
Let's just hope for the best. Go Giants!
- Sat Jul 31, 05:00:00 PM PDT
I seem to remember Miggy Tejada getting most of the Orioles hits against us. Maybe that is what the Pads were thinking. I hope so, it shows they are running scared.
- Sun Aug 01, 09:03:00 AM PDT
- Brother Bob said...
I hope John Bowker hits for the cycle or something real soon. I just love writing about ex-Giants.
- Sun Aug 01, 09:28:00 AM PDT
- JC Parsons said...
I'm surprised these relatively boring moves are the topic, rather than another spectacular victory over the blue scum. I don't see Ludwick doing much and I bet the Cards know some reason why he's expendable. Unless he goes player of the month hot (which I don't see and that's the most you could hope for) he will just be another guy hitting deep fly balls in PetCo. When these Central Division guys stop hitting in Chi, Hou, etc and come out west, their power numbers tumble.
Lopez is having a good year...I hope one of these guys is a groundball type. I miss those Affeldt induced DP's.
Zito was god-like. I really like how upset he gets when they take him out. Good attitude. He is certainly winning me over, not just with his success. His ability to take the ball EVERYTIME is impressive.
- Sun Aug 01, 09:53:00 AM PDT
- M.C. O'Connor said...
I posted this before the game on Saturday. We left the house after that. See my Sunday post.
- Sun Aug 01, 10:43:00 AM PDT


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Cuttack is one of oldest cities of India and enjoys the status of being the oldest town in Orissa. The city of Cuttack was the capital of Orissa for over nine centuries. This ancient city has seen the stories of rise & fall of several empires and dynasties over the years.
Right from the glorious Keshari Dynasty to the pre-independence freedom struggle, it has been the center of attention through out the history of Orissa.


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You're sure to fall in love with our classic personalized pocket tees! You can't go wrong with this gorgeous way to show off your monogram - we know you'll love rocking this look with jeans and boots all season long! With the comfortable fit and soft fabric, it's perfect for relaxing at home or enjoying fall and winter fun with friends! From s'mores making in the backyard to a hayride at the local farm, this gorgeous style will be your new favorite for the fall season! Year after year, you'll love wearing this beautiful tee! You can customize this tee with an embroidered or applique monogram - just fill out your preferences on the side!
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text:
A MILLION dollars isn't what it used to be.
In 1953, when "How to Marry a Millionaire" was in movie theaters, $1 million bought the equivalent of $8.7 million today. Now $1 million won't even buy an average Manhattan apartment or come remotely close to paying the average salary of an N.B.A. basketball player.
Still, $1 million is more money than 9 in 10 American families possess. It may no longer be a symbol of boundless wealth, but as a retirement nest egg, $1 million is relatively big. It may seem like a lot to live on.
But in many ways, it's not.
Inflation isn't the only thing that's whittled down the $1 million. The topsy-turvy world of today's financial markets — particularly, the still-ultralow interest rates in the bond market — is upending what many people thought they understood about how to pay for life after work.
"We're facing a crisis right now, and it's going to get worse," said Alicia Munnell, director of the Center for Retirement Research at Boston College. "Most people haven't saved nearly enough, not even people who have put away $1 million."
For people close to retirement, the problem is acute. The conventional financial advice is that the older you get, the more you should put into bonds, which are widely considered safer than stocks. But consider this bleak picture: A typical 65-year-old couple with $1 million in tax-free municipal bonds want to retire. They plan to withdraw 4 percent of their savings a year — a common, rule-of-thumb drawdown. But under current conditions, if they spend that $40,000 a year, adjusted for inflation, there is a 72 percent probability that they will run through their bond portfolio before they die.
Suddenly, that risk-free bond portfolio is looking risky. "The probabilities are remarkably grim for retirees who insist on holding only bonds in the belief that they are safe," says Seth J. Masters, the chief investment officer of Bernstein Global Wealth Management, a Manhattan-based firm, which ran these projections for Sunday Business. "Because we live in this world we tend to think of it as 'normal,' but from the standpoint of financial market history, it's not normal at all," Mr. Masters said. "And that's very clear when you look at fixed-income returns."
Several rounds of intervention by the Federal Reserve and other central banks, aimed at stimulating a moribund economy, have helped to suppress rates, and so has low inflation. Low rates have led to cheaper mortgages and credit cards, helping to balance family budgets.
But for savers, low rates have been a trial. The fundamental problem is that benchmark Treasury yields have been well below 4 percent since early in the financial crisis. That creates brutal math: if your portfolio's income is below 4 percent, you can't withdraw 4 percent annually, and add inflation adjustments, without depleting that portfolio over time.
And with rising life expectancies, many people will have a lot of time: the average 65-year-old woman today can be expected to live to 86, a man to 84. One out of 10 people who are 65 today will live past 95, according to projections from the Social Security Administration.
"If you're invested only in bonds and you're withdrawing 4 percent, plus inflation, your portfolio will decline," said Maria A. Bruno, senior investment analyst at Vanguard. "That's why we recommend that most people hold some equities. And why it's important to be flexible." In some years, investors may need to withdraw less than 4 percent, she said, and in some years they can take more.
Clearly, such flexibility depends on individual circumstances. Billionaires can afford to be very flexible: just 2 percent of a $1 billion portfolio is still $20 million. With economizing, even a big spender should be able to scrape by on that. But $20,000 — the cash flow from a $1 million portfolio at 2 percent — won't take you very far in the United States today.
And if you're not close to being a millionaire — if you're starting, say, with $10,000 in financial assets — you've got very little flexibility indeed. Yet $10,890 is the median financial net worth of an American household today, according to calculations by Edward N. Wolff, an economics professor at New York University. (He bases this estimate on 2010 Federal Reserve data, which he has updated for Sunday Business according to changes in relevant market indexes.)
A millionaire household lives in elite territory, even if it no longer seems truly rich. Including a home in the calculations, such a family ranks in the top 10.1 percent of all households in the United States, according to Professor Wolff's estimates. Excluding the value of a home, a net worth of $1 million puts a household in the top 8.1 percent. Yet even such families may have difficulty maintaining their standard of living in retirement.
"The bottom line is that people at nearly all levels of the income distribution have undersaved," Professor Wolff said. "Social Security is going to be a major, and maybe primary, source of income for people, even for some of those close to the top."
Professor Munnell said that in addition to relying on Social Security, which she called "absolutely crucial, even for people with $1 million," other options include saving more, spending less, working longer and tapping home equity for living expenses. "There aren't that many levers we can use," she said. "We have to consider them all."
THE bond market has always been a forbidding place for outsiders, but making some sense of it is important for people who rely on bond income.
Low bond yields have been a nightmare for many investors, but that's not the only issue. Today's market rates aren't stable. Steve Huber, portfolio manager at T. Rowe Price, said, "Current yields are an anomaly when you consider where rates have been over the last decade or more."
Rates are expected to rise. While that will eventually mean more income for bond buyers, it will create a host of problems. Already, the market has been rattled by speculation that after years of big bond-buying, the Fed may soon begin to taper its appetite. In May, a half-point climb in the yield of 10-year Treasury notes produced the biggest monthly bond market losses in nine years. (Yields and prices move in opposite directions.) Yet yields remain extraordinarily low on a historical basis. The yield on the benchmark 10-year Treasury note is just under 2.2 percent, compared with more than 6.5 percent, on average, since 1962, according to quarterly Bloomberg data.
And bond investing is likely to remain challenging for years to come. Investors may face a double-whammy — low yields now and the prospect of significant losses as yields rise. On Friday, after the Labor Department reported that the unemployment rate edged up to 7.6 percent from 7.5 percent, yields rose further, amid uncertainty about the Fed's intentions.
Despite this market instability, bonds tend to be the investment of choice as people retire, because they throw off steady income. But as the projections from Bernstein Global Wealth Management suggest, over-reliance on bonds leads to financial quandaries.
These projections, based on proprietary market and economic forecasts and portfolio analyses, as well as on standard actuarial and tax data, estimate future probabilities for investors. That's a quixotic task at best, intended to illustrate possible outcomes rather than to provide precise forecasts, said Mr. Masters at Bernstein.
Still, they are worrisome. Consider again the 65-year-old couple who are starting to draw down $1 million in savings this year: if they withdrew 3 percent, or $30,000, a year, rather than that standard rate of 4 percent, inflation-adjusted, there is still a one-in-three chance that they will outlive their money, under current market conditions.
There are ways to improve these outcomes, but they have their own hazards. Adding stocks to a portfolio is an obvious counterbalance. And there is now a broad consensus among asset managers and academics that stocks have an unusually high likelihood of outperforming bonds over the next decade. That was the finding of a recent study by two economists at the Federal Reserve Bank of New York.
The Bernstein projections concur that adding stocks to a portfolio reduces the risk of outliving your savings. But it also increases the risk of big losses.
Assume, for example, a diversified portfolio that is 80 percent invested in stocks and 20 percent in bonds — a much higher stock-to-bond ratio than advisers typically suggest for someone near retirement. In that situation, under current market conditions and at a 4 percent withdrawal rate, the probability of running out of money drops to 14 percent. That's mainly because of higher expected returns for stocks. At a 3 percent withdrawal rate, the probability of outliving the portfolio is only 4 percent.
But then stock market risk comes into play. Over the long term, stocks tend to outperform bonds, but typically fluctuate much more wildly. There's a good chance that at some point, stock investments will produce major losses that many people simply can't tolerate.
"We find that people tend to think of losses in their portfolios based on the peak value they've ever had," Mr. Masters said. So Bernstein calculates the probability of what it calls a "peak-to-trough loss" of at least 20 percent in its sample portfolios.
For those with an 80/20 mix of stocks and bonds, it found a 60 percent probability of such a loss over the investors' lifetime. And, of course, some market declines far exceed 20 percent.
"Large losses may not be something that people are willing to live with, even if they are associated with higher returns over the long term," Mr. Masters said. "Which is why we'd recommend holding some stocks, but not as much as 80 percent, for most people."
Bonds would fare better in an economic environment more typical of the past, with higher interest rates, among other factors, Bernstein projections show. Should those conditions return one day, investment choices would be less stark. Under "normal" conditions, Bernstein projects, at a 4 percent withdrawal rate, inflation-adjusted, a portfolio 100 percent invested in bonds would have a 38 percent chance of running out in an investor's lifetime; at a 3 percent withdrawal rate, the chances drop to 14 percent.
Other investment companies modeling similar problems come up with different numbers, although the broad implications are reasonably close. "We're operating in the same ballpark," said Ms. Bruno at Vanguard.
T. Rowe Price projections — which don't differentiate between current conditions and a historically normal environment — include different stock and bond indexes, and don't include the effect of taxes. That outlook finds that a 65-year-old couple who invested entirely in bonds have a 21 percent chance of outliving their portfolio. That's much more favorable than the Bernstein projections.
Still, Jim Tzitzouris, quantitative analyst at the asset allocation group of T. Rowe Price, said, "In the current environment, it's worth being quite concerned about the effects of low interest rates on a retirement portfolio."
ASIDE from recalibrating a portfolio, what can be done to improve a would-be retiree's financial situation? One answer is to work longer and retire later. Yet many people can't do that, often because they are physically unable to do so or can no longer find a suitable job.
Still, the expectation of working longer seems to be the trend. An annual survey for the Employee Benefit Research Institute found that in 1991, only 11 percent of workers expected to retire after age 65, while this year, 36 percent said they would retire after 65 — and 7 percent said they didn't plan to retire at all.
Working longer improves your financial prospects, and one reason is morbid: you won't have as long to live on your savings.
Working longer helps in a happier way, too. Professor Munnell notes that by delaying retirement, monthly Social Security benefits rise substantially. For example, if you delay claiming benefits past what the government calls your "full" retirement age — 66, for people retiring this year — your monthly benefits increase by 8 percent a year until you reach 70.
Compared with current bond yields, that's a fabulous rate of return, for people who can afford to delay starting the Social Security income stream, she said.
It's also a much better return than a commercially available annuity will provide. Vanguard estimates that a basic fixed annuity that ends at death will produce an annual inflation-adjusted payout of only 3.7 percent if bought today for a healthy 65-year-old couple. (But the money is definitely gone when they die; there would be no surplus to pass on, as there could be in an investment portfolio.)
Paying close attention to Social Security benefits is likely to be meaningful for retirees at nearly all income levels, Professor Wolff said. "Even at the millionaire level, for most people, Social Security is going to be very important."
The maximum Social Security benefit for a retiree at 66 this year is $31,000 — about the equivalent of drawing down 3 percent a year on a portfolio of $1 million.
Still, even $61,000 or $71,000 a year — the combined Social Security and cash flow from the $1 million portfolio — isn't likely to be enough for most people who have grown accustomed to living on $150,000 or more a year. And $150,000 is the median income of a typical household in the top 10 percent, roughly the ranking of a family with $1 million in net assets, Professor Wolff says.
Without another source of income, perhaps from traditional pensions from either or both spouses, he adds, a household like this won't come close to replacing 80 percent of its pre-retirement income — often considered an acceptable target level.
And, he says, if Social Security is important for the relatively affluent, it's all the more so for those with less income and wealth, especially with the decline of traditional pensions. "Social Security needs to be strengthened, not cut," he says.
Professor Munnell says this might be accomplished simply by raising the maximum taxable income level for Social Security payroll taxes. Currently, that level is $113,700. "Social Security has done its job and it can easily be made solvent in the future," she said.
There are a few steps that people can take on their own, she said. "When you're younger, and have a lot of human capital, you can save more and put a lot of the savings into stocks," she said. And then you can gradually shift into bonds as you age, fully understanding that the bond income may be quite limited. "When you're in your 50s," she continued, "you can try to save as much as you can, and try not to get accustomed to a lifestyle that you won't be able to afford later on."
You can also try to pay off your mortgage, so you have the option of tapping home equity if you need to supplement your income later. And, she suggested, if you're lucky you'll find work that you like and can stick with for a long time — until 70, at least.
That might not be the way you imagined your life. But the numbers suggest that even if you're a millionaire, you might have to start.


text:
Friday, May 20, 2011
Internal Consistency
I'm talking about your characters.
It's come up occasionally in my writing, or my crit partner's writing. Just yesterday, I was discussing the HBO series the Wire with some friends and we had a friendly argument. Was Ziggy's murderous breaking point in keeping with what his character? My friend and I thought not; our spouses disagreed.
Incongruous behavior. When you see it, you get a funny feeling. The "that's not right" sensation that throws the reality of that world into question.
Do your characters ever suffer from it? Have you ever read a passage in a book where you thought, "That kind of came out of nowhere, and it makes me not believe what's going on."
Posted by Lydia Kang at 6:30 AM
45 comments:
- Anne Gallagher said...
Sometimes yes, but even with people you know and love, sometimes they can throw you a curveball from out of nowhere too.
- May 20, 2011 at 6:45 AM
- strawberry Princess said...
i think I had a lot of like that specially when it comes to moral issues...
- May 20, 2011 at 6:45 AM
- S.A. Larsenッ said...
Yes. The inner flow of a character is just as important as the outer flow of the story. Sometimes, the inner is harder to hammer out. It takes a lot of rereads to attain a smooth thread.
- May 20, 2011 at 6:48 AM
- Sarah said...
Yes--I think one reason an author might stray from that consistency is for the sake of convenience. When I sense that a character is doing something that doesn't quite fit, it's usually because that's what works for where the author wants the plot to go. It doesn't really "work", but the temptation is there.
- May 20, 2011 at 7:01 AM
- Laura Pauling said...
It's harder to recognize it in my own writing b/c of course in my head it's totally rationalized. But inconsistency tends to stick out when I'm reading. Which is what having a beta is for!
- May 20, 2011 at 7:04 AM
Yup! Though I try to eliminate inconsistencies. (Thanks to your help! ;) )
- May 20, 2011 at 7:07 AM
- Liza said...
Okay, so am I the only one who is hungry for molten chocolate cake now? This is a great analogy. I'm still trying to get deep enough into my characters, so this issue hasn't come up...mostly because I don't know them well enough yet.
- May 20, 2011 at 7:18 AM
- Meredith said...
Ugh, I hate when this happens in books or TV shows. I try my best to keep my characters consistent by building character profiles for all of them, but it can be so tough!
- May 20, 2011 at 7:29 AM
- RHYTHM AND RHYME said...
I don't like people acting out of their charaterisic comfort zone, I've been through that with someone close recently and I wish he would change back to the loving respectful son he always have been.
- May 20, 2011 at 7:32 AM
- Christine Fonseca said...
You know me...all about authenticity. I think acting out of character is fine, as long as it feels authentic. As long as their is motivation for the behavior that makes sense. Great post/question!
- May 20, 2011 at 7:59 AM
- Rachna Chhabria said...
Sometimes I have those moments in my writing. These inconsistencies are pointed out by others:editors and crit partners,
Btw...I just had a slice of that cake. Couldn't resist it ;)
- May 20, 2011 at 8:07 AM
- Slamdunk said...
I have experienced that feeling while reading. At times I do a little research and find it is just me--that I did not know something and can actually learn from it.
- May 20, 2011 at 8:07 AM
- B.E. Sanderson said...
I hope my characters are consistent. I try. The other day, I was reading a book and came across character inconsistency. It was totally jarring. I wish I could remember which book and what exactly threw me, but the memory fails.
- May 20, 2011 at 8:08 AM
- Old Kitty said...
I guess it's ok if there is a reason/are reasons why the character acted in the wholly unexpected way than what's expected!I guess if the narrative is strong enough and the situation where the character who is acting out is not contrived, then I should think it's ok!
I hope my rambling makes sense!
Take care
- May 20, 2011 at 8:18 AM
- Unknown said...
Great post! Yes, it's really important to keep a character IN CHARACTER. Not always easy to do, but it's so important. If you're writing about a tough character, if tragedy strikes, are they really going to run and hide? Of course not, that's not their character. Readers pick up on this s it's very important to be consistent.
And that's good writing.
- May 20, 2011 at 8:23 AM
- Connie Keller said...
I find that more in historical fiction, when a character's sensibilities/beliefs are modern. It drives me crazy, and if it's too much, I won't finish the book.
- May 20, 2011 at 8:37 AM
- Angela said...
All the time, even in books that are published and thriving. There's this scene in THE DUFF where the main character kisses a guy that repulses her. It's a pivotal kiss which acts as catalyst for the plot. But I just could not picture it. Not when she'd gone on and on about how this guy gave her the creeps.
- May 20, 2011 at 8:50 AM
- Bossy Betty said...
Still thinking about the cake....
Sometimes I've done so much work and revision on the story that the character's behavior makes sense to me but then I realize I have taken out some of the backstory needed for my reader to understand.
I really need some of that cake.....
- May 20, 2011 at 8:53 AM
- notesfromnadir said...
Sometimes incongruous behavior can make your character, sometimes it doesn't. If it seems to be incongruous, go back & see if you can add or subtract something to change it.
- May 20, 2011 at 9:41 AM
- Unknown said...
I don't know - I love trickster characters and they are never quite what they seem. Although, you do know there's something going on because the author should be dropping clues...
- May 20, 2011 at 9:45 AM
- Chris Phillips said...
I'm pretty sure I'm bad about this.
- May 20, 2011 at 9:46 AM
- Unknown said...
I've had a CP tell me she can't see my mc doing something, but my other CP totally sees it happening. They're only minor points (teensy minor points). Nothing to freak out over. Fortunately the one who sees it happening also reads and writes YA. ;)
- May 20, 2011 at 9:52 AM
I was reading a fantastic book (which I will politely not name) and out of nowhere one of the characters suddenly was gravely ill. It didn't fit with the rest of this upbeat book and I felt somewhat betrayed by the author. Of course, i had to finish it to find out what happened. A shame. As a writer, this was a good experience to make sure I never do that.
- May 20, 2011 at 9:53 AM
- Munk said...
As much as I love Madmen, at times I feel the writers take way too many liberties just to remain wacky.
It is difficult to analyze my own work for inconsistencies, but my beta readers have helped immensely.
- May 20, 2011 at 10:32 AM
- Roland D. Yeomans said...
Sometimes writers have a pre-ordained plot twist but the characters have grown into their own beings. When the plot twist no longer fits your characters' personalities, ditch the plot twist and step back, looking for another. As always, you have a thought-provoking post, Roland
- May 20, 2011 at 11:41 AM
- Alex J. Cavanaugh said...
I've tried so hard to stay consistent, because it bugs me when characters do something out of character. Feels so contrived.
- May 20, 2011 at 1:22 PM
- Southpaw said...
You lured me here with cake and left me hanging...
- May 20, 2011 at 2:09 PM
- Matthew MacNish said...
It happens, occasionally, but the beauty of YA is that young people's behavior really is that erratic.
- May 20, 2011 at 2:45 PM
- M Pax said...
Yes. If it's a book in print, I'm usually done with it. My crit partners, I beg them to fix it.
- May 20, 2011 at 4:50 PM
- Jennifer Hillier said...
For me, it's a fine line between writing a character that's realistic and writing a character that's cliche. I personally don't want to read about people who do exactly what I'd expect them to do - but how do we make them surprising yet believable? So tricky.
- May 20, 2011 at 4:58 PM
- Leslie S. Rose said...
I love it when a character's decisions on their quests match who they are. When something happens contrary to that without good motivation or reason, I go nuts, and it takes me out of the story.
- May 20, 2011 at 7:39 PM
- Alleged Author said...
So true. Sometimes we need to remember characterization needs to be consistent. Do we want a "surprise"? Heck, yeah! Can it be one that doesn't sound like the character at all? Heck, no! Throws the reader off.
- May 20, 2011 at 7:54 PM
- Olga said...
You're absolutely right - very often, it happens that if a character does something you feel is not right, you no longer believe in this character. Or his unusual behaviour ought to be explained.
- May 20, 2011 at 7:58 PM
- Ghenet Myrthil said...
Mmm cake.
I try to make my characters consistent because I think it would be confusing as a reader to be thrown TOO big a curve ball.
- May 20, 2011 at 10:26 PM
- Carol Kilgore said...
I have read a lot of books where that happens to some extent, but the most glaring to me was the ending of "The Horse Whisperer."
- May 21, 2011 at 9:28 AM
- Heather said...
Mmmm, chocolate cake! I have read passages like that, in my own work in fact! It's a great thing to look out for and now I'll always think of cake when I find them! LOL!
- May 21, 2011 at 10:55 AM
- Faith said...
I try really hard not to let this happen in my own work, but it's hard to see it when you're so close to your writing! I recently found it in a CP's work, though... tough macho man running from a monster suddenly starts crying. That was odd. However, with the right motivation added to the scene, it could work. I wonder if sometimes the writer just forgets to explain to the reader/audience WHY this seemingly random action occurred... it makes sense in the author's head, but we need to be shown the reasoning behind it.
- May 21, 2011 at 10:59 AM
- CA Heaven said...
Hell yes, I do that all the time, possibly because I don't have the time to write frequently and in big potions.
Cold As Heaven
- May 21, 2011 at 5:47 PM
- Catch My Words said...
At a writer's conference I was told to come up with something your character would never do, and then have them do it. This made for a more interesting character.
- May 21, 2011 at 9:35 PM
- Beth said...
I've definitely noticed that, both in my own writing and in others'. But I usually don't notice it in my own until it's pointed out to me!
- May 22, 2011 at 8:04 AM
- Nas said...
Yes, it happens in nearly all the books. Out of nowhere something pops and it's like, "What! Where did this come from?"
But then I've also been told in writing workshops to have your character act out of ordinary, throw wrenches in their way, to make it more interesting.
- May 22, 2011 at 4:20 PM
- LTM said...
YES! I try not to do it in my own writing... I hope I haven't. But I have noticed when I"m watchin a show or reading something and it seems like, "Whaa???"
Great point. Musn't do this. :D <3
- May 22, 2011 at 10:54 PM
- Sari Webb said...
My current WIP is full of incongruous behaviour of my MC. She developed and my writing changed as I went. Now that I'm revising I'm trying to figure out who she really is, and make sure all her actions are in line with that.
- May 22, 2011 at 11:44 PM
- Jonene Ficklin said...
Yes! My husband and I went to a movie last weekend, and discussed this very thing the whole way home. The movie had great potential, but was half-baked - and just like you said - the gooey center wasn't warm.
- May 24, 2011 at 9:08 AM
- aisyahputrisetiawan said...
Banned complain !! Complaining only causes life and mind become more severe. Enjoy the rhythm of the problems faced. No matter ga life, not a problem not learn, so enjoy it :)
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(Aug. 22, 2011) Efforts to improve traffic safety have been aided by mathematical models that allow researchers to better assess those factors that impact the degree of injury suffered as a result of traffic crashes, a Wayne State University researcher says.
Peter Savolainen, associate professor of civil and environmental engineering in WSU's College of Engineering, recently conducted a comprehensive state-of-the-practice review of research in that area addressing a variety of methodological issues that can complicate analysis of injury severity data. He believes substantial progress has been made and will continue in the gathering of information that will yield ever more precise knowledge about crash outcomes.
Reducing the severity level of injury resulting from a crash is one of two primary emphases of traffic safety research; reducing crash frequency is the other. A separate state-of-the-practice paper was published last year on crash frequency models; collectively, those works assist researchers charged with providing decision makers and transportation agencies with supportable conclusions that enable them to better allocate resources aimed at improving traffic safety.
"Ultimately we're trying to determine what the impacts of specific factors are on injury severity," Savolainen said. "With that information, we can then make informed decisions as to policies and programs aimed at reducing crash severity."
However, a variety of issues complicate researchers' ability to analyze those factors. One is simply the quality of the injury severity data, which generally is obtained from crash reports. That data tends to be most thorough with respect to the driver, for whom complete information is uniformly collected.
Crash data tends to be of lower quality and less complete for injured passengers, and particularly for uninjured passengers. Reports also can prove problematic, Savolainen said, when details are omitted about things like occupant age and gender, alcohol consumption or the use of safety equipment. Some research also has demonstrated a tendency for similar injuries to be reported as more severe for females than males.
Complications also stem from the fact that crashes are random and rare events, Savolainen said, and because as many as half of all traffic crashes go unreported. Such underreporting is greatest among crashes resulting in less severe injuries, which may lead to either overstating or understating the true effects of various factors on injury outcomes.
Another issue for researchers is that injury data follows a natural ordering scheme (i.e., fatal injuries are more severe than minor ones, which are more severe than no injury, etc.). Some mathematical models introduce assumptions that constrain a specific factor to decrease unambiguously the likelihood of fatalities and increase the probability of no injury being suffered (or vice versa).
That holds true for many factors, including impact speeds, as higher speeds consistently increase the probability of a fatal injury and decrease the probability of no injury being suffered. However, factors like airbag deployment tend to reduce the number of crashes resulting in both fatal injuries and no injuries, instead increasing the likelihood of minor or moderate injuries. Introducing constraints may hide such trends from researchers. However, ignoring the ordinality of the data requires either more complex models or else a significantly larger crash data sample.
Another issue complicating development of crash severity models is endogeneity, which can be caused by not having specific data available to the researcher. For example, a recent study found that drivers who own vehicles with airbags also tend to drive less aggressively. However, if that fact is ignored, airbags' actual effectiveness will tend to be overstated.
Researchers are tasked with developing statistical models that take into consideration that broad range of issues. The analytical tools most widely used for such analyses are known as discrete outcome models. Such models allow for examination of how various factors impact injury severity, which can be classified into one of several discrete levels, or outcomes. They include fatal, incapacitating injuries (head trauma or severely broken bones), nonincapacitating injuries (minor scrapes, bumps and bruises), possible injury (complaints of pain) and property damage only (no injury).
"What we're trying to do is essentially develop models that will allow us to determine how factors -- , whether they're driver-, weather- or roadway-related -- affect the likelihood of crashes resulting in any of those injury severity levels," Savolainen said.
Those models provide powerful tools in transportation and other fields, he said. Recent advances in computer processing and in theory and methods for analyzing discrete outcomes have provided a robust toolbox for the traffic safety community. Data used to estimate those models also is improving; recent work successfully has linked police-reported crash data to hospital reports on crash victims, which allows for a more precise determination of injury level.
Savolainen is optimistic about researchers' abilities to develop models that can better assess injury severity and to use the results to recommend solutions using the "three E's" of traffic safety: engineering, education and enforcement.
"I think we're becoming more sophisticated in our data collection and in ultimately linking together these diverse data sources," Savolainen said. "We're seeing continued incremental advances in the body of knowledge."
"A lot of the tools are already there for us, it's just a matter of using them more efficiently."
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Story Source:
The above story is reprinted (with editorial adaptations by JournalOfSciences.com staff) from materials provided by Wayne State University - Office of the Vice President for Research.
Journal Reference:
- Peter T. Savolainen, Fred L. Mannering, Dominique Lord, Mohammed A. Quddus. The statistical analysis of highway crash-injury severities: A review and assessment of methodological alternatives. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 2011; 43 (5): 1666 DOI: 10.1016/j.aap.2011.03.025
Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.
Disclaimer: This article is not intended to provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Views expressed here do not necessarily reflect those of or its staff.


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compact disc
Also found in: Dictionary, Thesaurus, Medical, Legal, Financial, Acronyms, Wikipedia.
compact disc(CD), a small plastic disc used for the storage of digital data. As originally developed for audio systems, the sound signal is sampled at a rate of 44,100 times a second, then each sample is measured and digitally encoded on the 4 3-4 in (12 cm) disc as a series of microscopic pits on an otherwise polished surface. The disc is covered with a transparent coating so that it can be read by a laser beam. Since nothing touches the encoded portion, the CD is not worn out by the playing process. Introduced in 1982, the CD offered other advantages over the phonograph record and recording tape—smaller size, greater dynamic range, extremely low distortion—and met with rapid consumer acceptance; the CD became the music carrier of choice by 1991, when sales exceeded those of audiocassettes.
Other CD formats include CD-ROM [Compact Disc–Read Only Memory], a form of CD that is read (but not written to) by computer using a CD-ROM drive and that can contain computer programs and digitized text, sound, photographs, and video; CD-R [Compact Disc–Recordable] and CD-RW [Compact Disc–ReWritable], which can be written to one time and multiple times, respectively. Interactive CDs (CD-I, CDTV, and other formats) can store video, audio, and data. Photo CD is a format that holds digitized photographs and sound. There are also CD-ROMs that require special players with built-in microcomputers.
Other optical diskoptical disk,
any of a variety of information storage disks that are played or read using a laser. Optical disks include compact discs (CDs and CD-ROMs), laser discs (see videodisc), and digital versatile discs (or digital video discs; DVDs and DVD-ROMs).
..... Click the link for more information. formats include digital versatile (or video) discs and videodiscs. A digital versatile diskdigital versatile disc
or digital video disc
(DVD), a small plastic disc used for the storage of digital data. The successor media to the compact disc (CD), a DVD can have more than 100 times the storage capacity of a CD.
..... Click the link for more information. (DVD) holds far more information than a CD. DVD players are backward compatible to existing technologies, so they can also play a CD (or CD-ROM), but a CD player cannot be used with a DVD (or DVD-ROM). The videodiscvideodisc
or videodisk,
disk used with a special player and television to reproduce both pictures and sound. A videodisc player cannot record television programs off the air for later playback, unlike a videocassette recorder (VCR) or recordable DVD (see digital
..... Click the link for more information. , or laser disk system, uses 12-in. (30-cm) disks for video recording. Its technology, unlike that of the CD, is an analog system that uses a laser to read a variable-width track, much like a conventional phonograph record.
compact disc
Compact Disc(storage)
A 4.72 inch disc developed by Sony and Philips that can store, on the same disc, still and/or moving images in monochrome and/or color; stereo or two separate sound tracks integrated with and/or separate from the images; and digital program and information files.
The same fabrication process is used to make both audio CDs and CD-ROMs for storing computer data, the only difference is in the device used to read the CD (the player or drive).
CD Information Center.


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Prab Updates Conveyor, Fluid-Management Website
There are 0 comments | Post a comment
Wednesday, December 1, 2010
Check out www.prab.com for a refreshed look at the diverse equipment offerings of Prab, Kalamazoo, MI, a manufacturer of conveyors and chip- and fluid-management systems. Visitors to the website can research by product line, challenge or application, and access updated content for the company's full array of equipment, including its fluid-filtration products. New forms allow visitors to easily complete and submit RFQs.
See also: PRAB, Inc.
Related Enterprise Zones: Automation


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Which photos are participating in the category Behaviour of FUN Atlantic underwater photo contest? Below, you will find all the different photos participating in the category Behaviour! Give us your opinion and vote for your favorite photo!
You are a dive center or another company specialized in diving? You want to organize your own underwater photo contest? Fill in the form below and discover the benefits of launching an underwater photo contest with Skaphandrus.


text: NYSEARCA:IJR - iShares Core S&P Small-Cap ETF Stock Price, Forecast & News Adding Choose a watchlist: Adding You have already added five stocks to your watchlist. Upgrade to MarketBeat Daily Premium to add more stocks to your watchlist. Adding iShares Core S&P Small-Cap ETF Please log in to your account or sign up in order to add this asset to your watchlist. Log In and Add $72.94 -1.06 (-1.43 %) (As of 02/28/2020 04:00 PM ET) Add Today's Range$71.39Now: $72.94▼$73.5550-Day Range$72.94MA: $82.67▼$85.5152-Week Range$71.39Now: $72.94▼$85.92Volume14.25 million shsAverage Volume3.72 million shsMarket Capitalization$42.04 billionP/E RatioN/ADividend Yield1.63%BetaN/A ProfileAdvanced ChartDividendInstitutional OwnershipHeadlinesOptions ChainSocial Media Share on FacebookShare on TwitterShare on LinkedInShare on RedditShare on StocktwitsPrint this articleShare by Email iShares Core S&P Small-Cap ETF, formerly iShares S&P SmallCap 600 Index Fund, seeks investment results that correspond generally to the price and yield performance of the Standard & Poor's SmallCap 600 Index (the Index). The Index measures the performance of publicly traded securities in the small-capitalization sector of the United States equity market. The Index serves as the underlying index for the S&P 600/Citigroup Growth and Value Index series. The component stocks are weighted according to the total float-adjusted market value of their outstanding shares. The component stocks in the Index have a market capitalization between $300 million and $1 billion (which may fluctuate depending on the overall level of the equity markets), and are selected for liquidity and industry group representation. The Index is adjusted to reflect changes in capitalization resulting from mergers, acquisition, stock rights, substitutions and other capital events. Basic Details Issuer iShares Fund NameiShares Core S&P Small-Cap ETF Tax ClassificationRegulated Investment Company SymbolNYSEARCA:IJR Inception Date5/22/2000 Fund ManagerDiane Hsiung, Jennifer Hsui, Greg Savage, Alan Mason Webhttp://www.ishares.com/ Phone+1-800-4742737 Fund Focus Asset ClassEquity BenchmarkS&P SmallCap 600 Index CategorySize and Style FocusSmall Cap Development LevelDeveloped Markets RegionNorth America Fund Statistics Assets Under Management$42.65 billion Average Daily Volume$3.63 million Discount/Premium0.01% ETF Expenses Management Fee0.07% Other Expenses0.00% Total Expenses0.07% Fee Waiver0.00% Net Expenses0.07%Administrator, Advisor and Custodian AdministratorState Street Bank and Trust Company AdvisorBlackRock Fund Advisors CustodianState Street Bank and Trust Company DistributorBlackRock Investments, LLC Transfer AgentState Street Bank and Trust Company Trustee Lead Market MakerPundion Receive IJR News and Ratings via Email Sign-up to receive the latest news and ratings for IJR and its competitors with MarketBeat's FREE daily newsletter. AMEX:IJR Rates by TradingView iShares Core S&P Small-Cap ETF (NYSEARCA:IJR) Frequently Asked Questions What is iShares Core S&P Small-Cap ETF's stock symbol? iShares Core S&P Small-Cap ETF trades on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE)ARCA under the ticker symbol "IJR." How often does iShares Core S&P Small-Cap ETF pay dividends? What is the dividend yield for iShares Core S&P Small-Cap ETF? iShares Core S&P Small-Cap ETF announced a quarterly dividend on Monday, December 16th. Shareholders of record on Tuesday, December 17th will be paid a dividend of $0.4115 per share on Friday, December 20th. This represents a $1.65 annualized dividend and a yield of 2.26%. The ex-dividend date is Monday, December 16th. This is an increase from iShares Core S&P Small-Cap ETF's previous quarterly dividend of $0.25. View iShares Core S&P Small-Cap ETF's Dividend History. Has iShares Core S&P Small-Cap ETF been receiving favorable news coverage? Media headlines about IJR stock have been trending positive this week, according to InfoTrie Sentiment Analysis. The research group scores the sentiment of news coverage by monitoring more than six thousand blog and news sources in real time. The firm ranks coverage of public companies on a scale of negative five to positive five, with scores closest to five being the most favorable. iShares Core S&P Small-Cap ETF earned a news sentiment score of 2.8 on InfoTrie's scale. They also assigned news headlines about the exchange traded fund a news buzz of 0.0 out of 10, meaning that recent news coverage is extremely unlikely to have an effect on the stock's share price in the next several days. View News Stories for iShares Core S&P Small-Cap ETF. What other stocks do shareholders of iShares Core S&P Small-Cap ETF own? Based on aggregate information from My MarketBeat watchlists, some companies that other iShares Core S&P Small-Cap ETF investors own include Consumer Staples Select Sector SPDR Fund (XLP), Financial Select Sector SPDR Fund (XLF), RiverFront Dynamic US Flex-Cap ETF (RFFC), First Trust RiverFront Dynamic Developed International ETF (RFDI), RiverFront Dynamic US Dividend Advantage ETF (RFDA), RiverFront Dynamic Unconstrained Income ETF (RFUN), iShares Global Infrastructure ETF (IGF), First Trust RiverFront Dynamic Emerging Markets ETF (RFEM), IGM Financial (IGM) and PIMCO 0-5 Year High Yield Corporate Bond Index Exchange-Traded Fund (HYS). Who are iShares Core S&P Small-Cap ETF's key executives? iShares Core S&P Small-Cap ETF's management team includes the folowing people: Robert H. Silver, Independent Chairman of the Board of Trustees (Age 58)Michael Arthur Latham, President, Trustee (Age 51)Jack Gee, Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer (Age 57)Scott F. Radell, Executive Vice President (Age 48)Amy Schioldager, Executive Vice President (Age 56)Edward B. Baer, Vice President, Chief Legal Officer (Age 45)Ira P. Shapiro, Vice President (Age 52)Eilleen M. Clavere, Secretary (Age 61)Cecilia H. Herbert, Independent Trustee (Age 68)Charles A. Hurty, Independent Trustee (Age 73) Who are iShares Core S&P Small-Cap ETF's major shareholders? iShares Core S&P Small-Cap ETF's stock is owned by a variety of of institutional and retail investors. Top institutional shareholders include UBS Group AG (3.19%), Northwestern Mutual Wealth Management Co. (2.68%), FMR LLC (2.30%), Bank of New York Mellon Corp (2.00%), First Command Advisory Services Inc. (1.53%) and PNC Financial Services Group Inc. (1.50%). Which major investors are selling iShares Core S&P Small-Cap ETF stock? IJR stock was sold by a variety of institutional investors in the last quarter, including Envestnet Asset Management Inc., APCM Wealth Management for Individuals, Bank of Montreal Can, Park Avenue Securities LLC, Pacific Financial Group Inc., Advisor Group Inc., CWM LLC and Valmark Advisers Inc.. Which major investors are buying iShares Core S&P Small-Cap ETF stock? IJR stock was acquired by a variety of institutional investors in the last quarter, including Northwestern Mutual Wealth Management Co., Captrust Financial Advisors, PNC Financial Services Group Inc., Charles Schwab Investment Advisory Inc., Annex Advisory Services LLC, Madison Asset Management LLC, Bank of New York Mellon Corp and Victory Capital Management Inc.. How do I buy shares of iShares Core S&P Small-Cap ETF? Shares of IJR can be purchased through any online brokerage account. Popular online brokerages with access to the U.S. stock market include Vanguard Brokerage Services, TD Ameritrade, E*TRADE, Robinhood, Fidelity and Charles Schwab. What is iShares Core S&P Small-Cap ETF's stock price today? One share of IJR stock can currently be purchased for approximately $72.94. How big of a company is iShares Core S&P Small-Cap ETF? iShares Core S&P Small-Cap ETF has a market capitalization of $42.04 billion. View Additional Information About iShares Core S&P Small-Cap ETF. What is iShares Core S&P Small-Cap ETF's official website? The official website for iShares Core S&P Small-Cap ETF is http://www.ishares.com/. How can I contact iShares Core S&P Small-Cap ETF? iShares Core S&P Small-Cap ETF's mailing address is Suite 1405, 525 Washington Boulevard, JERSEY CITY, NJ 07310, United States. The exchange traded fund can be reached via phone at +1-800-4742737. MarketBeat Community Rating for iShares Core S&P Small-Cap ETF (NYSEARCA IJR)Community Ranking: 2.3 out of 5 ( )Outperform Votes: 77 (Vote Outperform)Underperform Votes: 89 (Vote Underperform)Total Votes: 166MarketBeat's community ratings are surveys of what our community members think about iShares Core S&P Small-Cap ETF and other stocks. Vote "Outperform" if you believe IJR will outperform the S&P 500 over the long term. Vote "Underperform" if you believe IJR will underperform the S&P 500 over the long term. You may vote once every thirty days. This page was last updated on 2/29/2020 by MarketBeat.com StaffFeatured Article: Pattern Day Trader - What is the PDT Rule?


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Mr. Speaker, the government is firmly committed to combatting tax evasion and aggressive tax avoidance. In our last two budgets, we allocated nearly $1 billion to doing just that. Our plan is working. There have been 627 cases transferred to criminal investigation, 268 search warrants executed, and 78 convictions. We are continuing to work on this for all Canadians. Everyone must pay their fair share.
House of Commons Hansard #233 of the 42nd Parliament, 1st Session. (The original version is on Parliament's site.) The word of the day was cannabis.


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I just became the editor of the Kite Surfing category of GoGuides.org:
This site is the first I added.
If you have any kitesurfing websites you want to see in listed, email me, or better yet, post them here, and I will add them.
I would like to make it the most comprehensive directory of kitesurfing sites on the internet.
[ This Message was edited by: surfer9joe on 2002-03-14 17:39 ]


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Best viewed in "single page" mode. If you know an unreported score, please e-mail firstname.lastname@example.com and/or call 757-247-4640. Past calendars are available on Sonny Dearth's blog at HRTownSquare.com)
Final: St. Vincent (Pa.) 11, Apprentice 4 (at War Memorial Stadium): The Builders' eight-game winning streak ended as St. Vincent scored three runs in the fourth and four in the fifth. Ryan Wagner and Corey Gallaway each had two hits for the Builders.
Bridgewater at Virginia Wesleyan (doubleheader), noon
Doubleheader: Finals: Norfolk State 4-0, Penn State 2-5: Richie Salter and Jordan Egan combined to pitch a five-hitter in the Spartans' Game 1 win. Elliot Searer was 3-for-3 with two runs for Penn State in Game 2.
Final: William and Mary 4, Old Dominion 0: Cole Shain pitched seven innings of five-hit ball for the victory as W&M took the series 2-1. Chris Forsten drove in two runs.
Final: Christopher Newport 6, Ferrum 1: The Captains (19-1, 6-0 USA South) won their program-record 18th game in a row. Greg Goldsmith pitched seven innings for his fifth victory of the season, and Steven Lindemuth had two hits and two RBI.
Spartan Classic (at Norfolk State):
Marist at Norfolk State, 9 a.m.
St. Francis (Pa.) vs. Marist, 11 a.m.
St. Francis (Pa.) vs. Delaware, 1 p.m.
Delaware vs. Maryland Eastern Shore, 3
Maryland Eastern Shore at Norfolk State, 5
Men's lacrosse
Virginia Wesleyan vs. Marymount (at St. Stephen's/St. Agnes School), 1
Women's lacrosse
Greensboro at Virginia Wesleyan, 1
Men's gymnastics
William and Mary and Air Force at Springfield, 1
Women's golf
Administaff Classic (in Florence, S.C.; includes W&M)
Men's golf
Pinehurst Intercollegiate (in N.C.; includes ODU)
Lynchburg College Invitational (in Forest; includes Apprentice and Virginia Wesleyan), 8 a.m.
Women's tennis
Virginia Wesleyan at Roanoke, 11 a.m.
NCAA Zone A meet (in Annapolis, Md.)
Ice-Free Invitational (in Newport News)
Navy Spring Women's
St. Mary's (Md.) Team Race
AHL: Norfolk at Hershey, 5
William and Mary Junior Winter Series tournament No. 8 (at McCormack-Nagelsen Tennis Center)
Mid-Atlantic Doubles Only Championship (boys and girls 16- and 12-and-under; at Cape Henry Racquet Club)
Men's basketball
MEAC final (at Joel Coliseum in Winston-Salem, N.C.):
Final: No. 2 Hampton 60, No. 4 Morgan State 55: Brandon Tunnell scored 18 points, including numerous key free throws, as Pirates beat defending tournament champs and earned an NCAA bid.
Women's basketball
MEAC final (at Joel Coliseum):
Final: No. 1 Hampton 61, No. 6 Howard 42: This "Battle of the Real HU" sent HU to its second consecutive NCAA tournament. Quanneisha Perry, with 13 points and eight rebounds, was named the tournament's Most Outstanding Player.
CAA semifinals (at Show Place Arena in Upper Marlboro, Md.):
Final: No. 1 James Madison 67, No. 4 VCU 57: Dawn Evans overcame a shaky start to score 20 points as Dukes withstood a VCU comeback from 14 points down to three. JMU reached its fifth CAA final in six seasons.
Final: No. 7 Delaware 62, No. 3 UNC Wilmington 47: Elena Delle Donne had 29 points and 10 rebounds for Delaware. Blue Hens will play JMU for an automatic NCAA bid at 1 p.m. Sunday, though the Dukes have an at-large chance if they lose.
NCAA Division III Elite Eight (sectional final in Annville, Pa.):
Final: Christopher Newport 62, Lebanon Valley 50: Record-setting Chelsie Schweers scored 27 points as CNU won in its first Elite Eight appearance to gain its first Final Four berth. The Captains, who entered the tournament ranked 11th nationally, will face second-ranked Amherst (Mass.) on Friday in Bloomington, Ill.
National Collegiate Wrestling Association Nationals (in Macon, Ga.):
Builders finished seventh among 77 teams. Marcus Chevres led the Builders by placing third at 133 pounds, Willie Crawford was fourth at 184 and Ricky Anderson was sixth at 157.
Doubleheader: Finals: Penn State d. Norfolk State 5-1, 12-1: Nittany Lions have had a productive march through Old Dominion and NSU.
Final: Christopher Newport 15, Ferrum 3: Captains (18-1), ranked 14th by d3baseball.com, boosted their team-record winning streak to 17 as Steven Kenner hit two homers and drove in six runs.
Doubleheader: Finals: Apprentice d. St. Vincent (Pa.) 4-2, 3-2: Zachary Harding's RBI triple to center field scored Chris Aldridge with the winning run in the bottom of the seventh at War Memorial Stadium.
Final: Old Dominion 12, William and Mary 5: Monarchs evened the series at 1 as Gloucester High alumnus Joey Burney homered twice and Ben Tomchick yielded no earned runs and three hits in seven innings.
Salisbury Invitational:
Wilkes (Pa.) vs. Christopher Newport, 2
Virginia Wesleyan vs. Shenandoah, 2
York (Pa.) vs. Christopher Newport, 4
Virginia Wesleyan vs. Baruch, 4
Spartan Classic (at Norfolk State):
Final: Delaware 13, Norfolk State 4
Marist vs. Delaware, 11 a.m.
Final: St. Francis (Pa.) 7, Norfolk State 0
Maryland Eastern Shore vs. Marist, 3
Maryland Eastern Shore vs. St. Francis (Pa.), 5
Men's lacrosse
Final: St. Vincent (Pa.) 9, CNU 8: The Captains fell to 3-1 with a loss in Latrobe, Pa., despite Kyle Pasta's three goals. St. Vincent broke an 8-8 tie with 49 seconds left.
Women's lacrosse
Final: Christopher Newport 19, Greensboro 7: Ashton Marshall scored five goals as the Captains improved to 5-0.
Men's gymnastics
William and Mary at Army, 2
Men's tennis
Temple 6, Norfolk State 1
Salisbury 9, Virginia Wesleyan 0
Women's tennis
Virginia Wesleyan at Hollins, 10 a.m.
Indoor track and field
NCAA Division I championships (in College Station, Texas)
NCAA Division III championships (in Columbus, Ohio):
CNU's Richard Roethel placed third in the pentathlon with 3,784 points. Also for CNU, Matthew Winkler placed sixth in his heat of the 800 meters (1:55.03). Brittany Jacobs barely missed the final in the long jump, leaping 17-6 ¼. Dira Hansen placed 13th in the women's pentathlon.
Ice-Free Invitational (in Newport News)
Navy Spring Women's
St. Mary's (Md.) Team Race
Women's rowing
Old Dominion at Texas
Results at HRVarsity.com/scores
Boys basketball
VHSL state finals (at VCU's Siegel Center):
Division 3:
Waynesboro vs. Brunswick, 1
Division 2:
Radford vs. James River of Buchanan, 5
Division 4:
Hidden Valley vs. Potomac Falls, 9
Girls basketball
VHSL state finals (at VCU's Siegel Center):
Division 3:
R.E. Lee vs. Millbrook, 11 a.m.
Division 2:
Patrick Henry of Glade Spring vs. Radford, 3
Division 4:
Liberty of Bealeton vs. Loudoun County, 7
Hampton Christian 10, Halifax (Pa.) 8
Peninsula District competition (at Dozier Middle School in Newport News):
Warwick 29, Bethel 15
Kecoughtan 35, United (York-Poquoson) 0
Denbigh 12, Woodside 0
Menchville 14, Heritage 0
Track and field
Greenbrier Christian meet (including Denbigh Baptist)
Professional Bull Riders Touring Pro Division (at Hampton Coliseum)
Arena Racing (at Richmond Coliseum), 7:
Pro Series points leader Jordan Wood won the Top Dog 50-lap feature, his seventh Top Dog triumph of the year. Spencer Saunders was second by two lengths, coming out on top of a fender-banging duel with Florian, who wound up third.
ABA playoffs' first round:
West Virginia Blazers vs. Seven City Knights (at Churchland High), 6
Hampton Roads Lacrosse League tournament (at York County Sports Complex), 8:45 a.m.
Jamestown High School Swamp Run/Walk 5K, 9:30 a.m. (1-mile fun run/walk at 9 and quarter-mile run/walk on track at 10:30)
"Freedom Is Not Free" Scholarship Run (at Poquoson High), 8 a.m.
William and Mary Junior Winter Series tournament No. 8 (at McCormack-Nagelsen Tennis Center)
Mid-Atlantic Doubles Only Championship (boys and girls 16- and 12-and-under; at Cape Henry Racquet Club)


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BOURBONNAIS — What to do with the safety positions?
That has been a question the Chicago Bears coaching staff has wrestled with for quite some time now. And because of that, it represents probably the two most wide-open position battles at training camp.
However, one guy has stepped up quickly to try and answer at least half of that question.
"We've said all along that the safety position is wide open," Bears head coach Marc Trestman said after Wednesday's practice, the team's fifth workout. "Ryan Mundy sure has looked good, though."
He's the one player that has shined throughout, and he could be making the coaches' jobs a little easier. The Bears signed Mundy on the opening day of free agency after his run with the Giants and Steelers ended, and he's played with the first-team defense at strong safety every day at camp so far.
Mundy was the Giants' leading tackler at midseason last year when he went down with a hip injury. Now, he knows he has a chance to shore up one of the problem areas for the Bears for a long time.
"I know they've tried a lot of people at the position, but I'm excited about the opportunity," Mundy said. "I think that's why I'm here: To come out here and help solidify the position and get our defense back to where it needs to be. That's a great opportunity for me."
Starting free safety Chris Conte had a rough 2013 that ended with his blown coverage on a final-minute, fourth-down, 48-yard touchdown pass in the season-ending 33-28 loss to the Packers. He then underwent offseason shoulder surgery, while his safety-mate from last year Major Wright was allowed to leave via free agency.
The Bears traded up to the fourth round to take Brock Vereen in the draft, and quickly went to work during the rest of the offseason building depth at the position. They brought in Mundy as well as veteran free agents Adrian Wilson, M.D. Jennings and Danny McCray.
Vereen was the ninth safety the team has drafted in the last decade, and five of them have gone on to start at some point during their rookie seasons with the Bears. The opportunity is there again.
He played free safety with the starters every day this summer until Wednesday, when McCray was moved up, proving that that position is just as unsettled as it was when it all started.
But Mundy may be earning respect on the other side.
"I bring a toughness to the game, sure, that's my No. 1 attribute: My physicality," Mundy said. "But I think I've been doing a good job of getting people lined up at the safety position, too, and I can be a great communicator. I picked up the defense fast, and I'm just trying to highlight those traits every day, and work on all the aspects of my game."
Jay Taft: 815-987-1384; firstname.lastname@example.com; @jaytaft