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I'm not sure that wind erosion is a very
significant problem in the Ventura/Santa Barbara
area since this region is well sheltered from
prevailing winds in the area. We are protected
from south winds by the Channel Islands,from north
winds by the Santa Inez Mountains, and from
northwest coastal winds by Point Conception. We are only exposed to the west and to the east or
southeast, which is where the seasonal Santa Ana winds come from.
Additionally, for an arid (dry) climate, this area is fairly well vegetated with trees and brush that serve as a windbreak to absorb and diminish the strength of the winds, and to hold moisture and stabilize the soil against potential wind erosion. As a result, most of the Ventura/Santa Barbara area rarely experiences strong enough winds that would cause damage due to wind erosion.
However, in areas of Santa Barbara or Ventura where cover vegetation and windbreak-forming trees have been removed, the soil may be very exposed to any winds and suffer topsoil loss due to wind (or water) erosion. This may especially be a problem in areas where ranching and livestock grazing have damaged surface vegetation and denuded the surface; where farming has replaced perennial brush and trees that are present year round with low-lying annual crops that leave the soil bare during the non-growing season; or in locations where forest fires or clear cuts have exposed previously forested areas.
Topsoil loss is a serious problem for some agriculture because it removes the surface levels of the soil that contain the most nutrient-rich organic matter and sustain the microbial communities that plants require surviving and growing. Additionally, the soil that is blown into the atmosphere can create dust storms that contribute to air pollution,
harm human and animal health through respiratory
stress, and harm vegetation in a number of ways, including enhancing the transmission of diseases and susceptibility of plants to diseases.
Wind and water erosion together enhance the potential for watershed destruction, flooding,
sedimentation, landslides, and fugitive dust
storms resulting from the loss of native ground cover and grading on steep slopes.
As an aside, sometimes wind erosion in distant parts of the world cause dust and sand storms that carry particulate matter along with pathogens
(diseases) and other chemicals thousands of miles to distant, remote ecosystems where they may have a tremendous impact. For instance, sand storms from wind erosion in the Sahara Desert carry sand along with a pathogen across the Atlantic Ocean to the Caribbean Sea, which subsequently causes a
disease epidemic in sea fans (a type of soft coral) on coral reefs throughout the Caribbean.
Additionally, the Gobi Desert in north central
China and Mongolia produces large dust storms
from wind erosion. These dust storms occasionally
sweep eastward and transport iron-rich dust into
the North Pacific Ocean. Since iron is a
limiting nutrient for primary producers in the North Pacific, these iron deposits from wind erosion can cause large phytoplankton blooms. In both cases, the wind erosion problem is originating in very arid (dry) desert areas with little moisture or cover vegetation to stabilize and shield the soil.
Wind erosion is primarily a problem
for plant and animal life in the following types
of areas:
1) Wind-exposed areas.
2) Areas where windbreak vegetation has been removed, degraded, or replaced with lower-lying
3) Arid (dry) areas, especially
deserts where scarce water has been depleted or
diverted for other uses (e.g., agriculture, urban
4) Arid areas where droughts have
dried up previously existing water sources
In arid regions, existing water
sources are important to alleviate the effects of
wind erosion because water helps to bind and
stabilize soil. Wind erosion is especially a
problem in the dry southwestern U.S. as increasing
numbers of people are diverting lakes, streams,
and rivers and depleting groundwater stores for
irrigation and other human uses.
Here is an excerpt from the website, click
"Populations are growing
rapidly in large parts of the semi-arid to arid regions of the southwestern United States. As a result, stresses are increasing on fragile desert
surfaces and on water supplies in an area where water is a precious commodity. Nearly all of the available surface water has already been claimed and diverted for human use, and ground water is now tapped for new water supplies. As surface and ground water diversion increases, arid-land surfaces that were previously wet or stabilized by vegetation are increasingly susceptible to deflation by wind.
Wind erosion has the ability to abrade surfaces that are not in channels, and thus can change the land forms and can also move soil around. This is both good and bad; it means that some plants get soil blown onto them where they would not get it otherwise, but it also means that some plants get their soil eaten away. Of course, if your soil gets eaten away and you are a small desert shrub, this is good for you, because it means that the big subtropical tree that would cut off your access to sunlight can't grow there! This all affects animals because it creates a patchiness in the vegetation cover, which in turn affects all kinds of ecological factors, the most immediate being food supply.


text:
Learn how to segment visitors based on their cookies to personalize for logged-in users, affiliate traffic, on-site actions, and more.
Do you want to personalize for logged-in users? Maybe you identify affiliate traffic using cookies. Or maybe you fire cookies when a visitor perform certain actions. In this guide, you will learn how to segment visitors based on existing cookies and how to set up your own cookies to create behavior-based audiences (note: this article is an addition to our main article about behavior-based audiences.).
A cookie is a small piece of data sent from a website and stored on the user's computer by the web browser. Cookies help your website remember information (e.g. items added to shopping cart, information entered in a form field,...) or record the user's browsing activity (e.g. clicking a button).
For security and performance reasons, your website doesn't send cookies to Unless by default. So, to create an audience based on a cookie, you need to whitelist the cookie you want to send us in your account settings. Also, bear in mind that the browser cookie can't be set to httpOnly since we won't be able to read the cookie or send it to our servers.
Generally, you have two options - target based on the existence of a cookie or the value of a cookie.
When setting up your target audience, choose: behavior > cookie > is set > nameofyourcookie
Here, we target users for whom the cookie "isLoggedIn" is set.
If you want to display a variation based on a specific value of a cookie, you'll have to enter both, the name of the cookie and its value → nameofyourcookie=value
Here, we target users for whom the cookie "customerPlan" has the value "basic"
By adding some custom Javascript, you can set up your own cookies. This way you can personalize based on landing page or pages viewed. Here are the two steps you need to take for this:
Use the advanced editor to add a cookie following this naming structure: Txt.setCookie(name, value, days)
*In this example we set the cookie Txt.setCookie('solution', 'startup', 365);). *
Now, use the cookie to define your target audience. Choose: behavior > cookie > is set > nameofyourcookie=value
For the "Startup" audience, we use the cookie as a targeting condition. Now, we can personalize for all visitors who initially arrived on the Startup landing page.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Junior Member Join Date Aug 2012 Posts 1
What do you mean by early designed programs? This sounds a bit ancient, except if you have no clue what an EA is and how it works. The majority of people that create trading robots, simply want to make sure that their emotions are not the ones making the trading decisions. And they are traders.
Secondly, there is no EA which really works on ALL market conditions, this is why a robot which can today bring you 1k profit can get you to a stop out tomorrow.
Make sure you create an overview of this world before complaining that you're losing all your money because of manual or automated trading.


text: 5 Year Old Needs A Job Before Getting Married. I don't want to marry someone if I don't have a job first. A man comes asking me, running out, no, I don't wanna marry you yet! I want to have a job. Complete Full Script, Dialogue, Remarks, Saying, Quotes, Words And Text.


text:
HVS Skateboards are professional, yet affordable skateboards. Our skateboards are made from 7 ply high quality Canadian maple. They are both durable, flexible and offers a lot of pop. You can buy everything from our online webshop, from sturdy skateboard decks to lightning fast bearings.
We have a wide range of products. All items on stock and excellent service. We offer 365 days free returns, and multiple Payment Options. We also offer gift vouchers, size charts for beginners, and years of experience. Subscribe to our newsletter to keep updated.
You can find information in our many articles and guides, and if you have any questions feel free to reach out – write us a mail or drop by the shop.
Showing 1–9 of 51 results


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After an active day, we invite you to our SPA. In our offer you can find classic and relaxing massages, face and body treatments. Information and reservation at the hotel reception.
Face Treatments By Thalgo
Purete Marine Ritual – 229 PLN
An intensive cleansing anti-acne ritual. The treatment is designed for oily and acne skin care. It makes the skin matt and additionally thoroughly clears outlets of sebaceous glands and regulates their work preventing formation of blackheads and inflammation. The treatment may be performed one-off or in a series in order to bring full balance back to your skin.
Duration 60 minutes
Absolute Hydration Ritual -249 PLN
An intensively moisturizing treatment with Seve Bleue complex. The Seve Bleue complex provides the skin with the whole richness of sea elements: micro, macro elements and minerals which remove symptoms of skin tiredness, while, at the same time, they provide skin with radiant look. Thanks to its combination with hyaluronic acid and plant extracts, the skin remains smooth, refreshed and moisturized for a long time.
Duration: 60 minutes
Cold Cream Marine Ritual – 249 PLN
Regenerating and nourishing treatment for dry and sensitive skin. A new, wonderfully wrapping treatment, dedicated to dry and very dry skin. It soothes the feeling of tension and restores the proper lipid level to the skin.
Sea nutrients along with the cold cream marine complex eliminate the feeling of discomfort, making the skin again soft, firm and velvety smooth.
Duration: 60 minutes
Marine Sillicium Treatment – 369 PLN
A luxurious rejuvenating and lifting treatment that goes beyond classic cosmetics. The treatment shapes the face oval, relaxes and tightens the skin, reduces wrinkles and fine lines, stimulates the production of collagen and elastin.
Duration up to 90 min.
Clear Expert Treatment – 349 PLN
The external and internal environment (hormonal changes, passage of time, change of seasons, sun, air pollution …) makes the skin lose its glow, firmness and freshness. It is no longer as flexible, radiant and bright. The treatment is intended for skin care with sun discoloration, age spots and pregnancy-related contraceptive pills.
Duration up to 70 min.
Ocean Treatment for Men – 219 PLN
Men's skin is totally different than woman's skin. The epidermis is much thicker, more strongly associated with the dermis, more resistant, which is associated with strong keratosis and increased secretion of sebum. Indications: the treatment is intended for skin care for men over 35 years of age.
Duration up to 60 min.
Micronized Marine Algae Face Ritual – 229 PLN
A treatment based on 100% micronized marine algae rich in minerals, vitamins and microelements. The treatment stimulates microcirculation of the blood, nourishes, moisturizes and detoxifies the skin. It reduces fatty deposits, eliminates excess water from tissues, improves skin structure
KOH TAO Face & body Ritual – 299 PLN
Moisturizing and energizing face and body treatment for all skin types. Relaxing ritual, which wonderfully relaxes, leaves the skin smooth, moisturized and perfectly regenerated. Indications: skin that requires hydration, smoothing and refreshing.
Duration: up to 90 min
Face Treatments By Purles
Sushi Ceremony – 169 PLN
Sushi Ceremony is an effective skin care treatment for mature skin with pigmentation changes. An essential component of the line is the extremely intensive oryzanol in action, a substance obtained from rice germs,
it helps to improve microcirculation and reduce wrinkles. During the treatment, the Special Complex of Alpine Plants is perfect against discoloration. Vitamin E together with hyaluronic acid smooth wrinkles also with restoring skin's firmness as well as glow.
Duration up to 60min.
SensiSkin Garden Ceremony – 199 PLN
A soothing ceremony created especially for mixed or oily skin, and sensitive at the same. The bouquet of herbs and watercress will visibly reduce the seborrhea, clean the skin and protect against the occurrence of subsequent inflammation. After the ceremony, the skin is perfectly moisturized and matted. Irritations and redness become less visible.
Duration up to 60min
DNA Protection Therapy – 219 PLN
Innovative therapy designed to effectively fight against the visible consequences of oxidative stress and protect cellular DNA code of the mature skin. Complexes used in recipes, among others Anti-Pollution Oil Complex, Triple VitC System or Antioxidant Complex, provide effective anti-aging effect.
Body Treatment by Thalgo
Body Sculp Treatment – 279 PLN
Intensive modeling and anti-cellulite treatment. Increases skin elasticity and firmness. The Oxy Active technology helps restore proper oxygenation of tissues to inhibit the formation of cellulite. Sculpt Active technology effectively increases the tension in all the skin layers. It works in three directions on skin firmness – increases its elasticity and density.
Duration up to 70 min
Professional Cosmetology
Needle-free mesotherapy – treatment with Thalgo serum – 219 PLN
Cavitation peeling – 119 PLN (with treatment 39 PLN)
Classic – 89 PLN
Hybrid – 119 PLN
Gel/acrylic/hybrid removing – from 30 PLN
Classic – 119 PLN
Hybrid – 149 PLN
Gel/arilic/hybrid removing – from 30 PLN
Manicure + Pedicure
Classic – 179 PLN
Hybrid – 239 PLN
Eyelash styling
1:1, 2D: 3D Method – from 180 PLN
2D-8D Volume Russian Style
Classic – 30/60 min – 79/129 PLN
Relaxing with coconut oil – 30/60 min – 99/149 PLN
Sports massage – 30/60 min 0 99/149 PLN
By Hot Stones – 30/60 min – 99/169 PLN
Shea Butter Moisturizing – 30/ 60 min – 99/169 PLN
By Chinese cup – 30/60 min – 99/149 PLN
Head and Neck – 30 min – 99 PLN
Massage for 4 hands – massage price x2
Excellent – 569/ 659 PLN
Hybrid Pedicure, Hybrid Manicure, Face treatment , Relaxing with coconut oil
Premium – 429/529 PLN
Hybrid Manicure , Face treatment , Relaxing with coconut oil
Delux – 389/489 PLN
Classic Manicure, Face treatment, Relaxing back massage with hot, coconut oil


text:
Movie Reviews
Following Contraband, director Baltasar Kormákur teams up once again with Mark Wahlberg in this action-comedy which centers around a naval intelligence officer (Wahlberg) and a DEA agent (Denzel Washington) who find themselves on the run after a botched attempt to infiltrate a drug cartel. While fleeing, they find out the truth about each other: both of them are undercover agents and both of them have crooked superiors, who have thrown the pair to the mercy of an even more crooked CIA man (Bill Paxton) and the Mexican drug lord (Edward James Olmos) whose money they stole during a bank job in the beginning of the movie.
Based on a comic book (like all movies these days), 2 Guns comes with so many plot twists that your head will be spinning after the first half, which is okay because it helps hide the fact that the movie isn't really as clever as it makes out to be. Washington and Wahlberg however, seem to be having a lot of fun with Washington stealing the show as a badass motherfucker with lots of swagger. I think they kind of lost me somewhere along the way but the movie comes with plenty of car chases, shootouts, one-liners, a bit of torture and a hell of a lot more than just 2 guns. It's a nice distraction but not necessarily a good movie.


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After the Hornets suffer another disappointing season, rumors continue to swirl that Kemba Walker could be on his way out of Charlotte. Under new President of Basketball Operations and General Manager Mitch Kupchak, the Hornets may consider undergoing a rebuilding process in order to become a significant team in the league once again. One of the moves the Hornets are expected to make is finding Walker a new home.
Kemba Walker is set to become an unrestricted free agent in the summer of 2019. If the Hornets decide to rebuild, it will be best for them to trade Walker this summer than lose him in free agency without getting anything in return. According to Jason Breece of Fansided's 8 Points 9 Seconds, the Indiana Pacers should explore the possibility of acquiring Walker if the Hornets make him available on the trading block in the upcoming offseason.
Unlike the Hornets, the Pacers have made a surprising performance in the 2017-18 NBA season even without having a legitimate superstar on their team. Victor Oladipo managed to leave a good impression and proved to everyone that the Pacers aren't the one who lost the Paul George trade last summer. Despite suffering an early exit in the Eastern Conference Playoffs, the Pacers gave LeBron James and the Cleveland Cavaliers a tough fight and forced the series to Game 7.
And what about the @hornets ?https://t.co/ijSIF5TAAa— Freddie Green (@Freddie704) May 17, 2018
In order to reach a higher level next season, Breece suggested that the Pacers should add more firepower and make Kemba Walker as one of their offseason targets. Playing alongside a ball dominant player, Russell Westbrook, in the Oklahoma City Thunder didn't work well for Victor Oladipo, but that doesn't mean that the same thing will happen if the Pacers succeed to acquire Walker. Pacers Head Coach Nate McMillan could find a way on how Walker and Oladipo could mesh well in their backcourt and become one of the most explosive duos in the league.
In a suggested trade scenario, the Pacers will be needing to send Darren Collison, Al Jefferson, T.J. Leaf, and a 2018 first-round pick to acquire Kemba Walker from the Hornets. To make the deal possible, the Hornets should add more players to match the salary. With Collison and Jefferson's contract about to expire next season, the Hornets will have the salary cap flexibility to chase their targets free agents in the summer of 2019. Leaf and the first-round pick could help them speed up the rebuilding process in the post-Walker era.


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With greetings from Rostov
The products of Bayan Sulu confectionery plant are highly estimated not only in the Republic of Kazakhstan, but also abroad. For example, our neighbors from the Russian Federation are very fond of Bayan Sulu sweets. For a better understanding of production process, for a greater confidence in the quality of products sold, a familiarization visit to the plant was organized for our partners from Rostov-on-Don, Commercial Director "GС Marina" LLC Mikhail Vasilyevich Chonka; Evgeniy Yuzhniy, Yana Bukhova, as well as a sales representative in Krasnodar Galina Pervushina, and they were impressed by the level of organization of the production process on the up-to-date equipment. Now it will be even easier for them to represent the interests of the plant as they made certain of the quality of Bayan Sulu products by themselves.


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Hammer's The Witches is an odd film.
Based on the novel The Devil's Own, written by Norah Lofts under pseudonym Peter Curtis, it follows a teacher to a small town that is under the thumb of witchcraft. Although The Witches came a couple of years ahead of the folk horror boom of the late 60's/early 70's, which brought us both fantastic films like The Wicker Man and overrated crap like Witchfinder General (fight me), it would be right at home in a collection of highlights of the genre. The film is set in the isolated English village of Heddaby, where it is quickly apparent all is not as it seems. I hesitate to compare this film too much to The Wicker Man, but there's a definite Summerisle vibe to Heddaby — everyone's a little too happy, a little too close-knit, and very obviously in on some big local secret. The only difference is the residents of Summerisle openly reveled in their paganism, whereas we're made to wonder, for a while, which residents of Heddaby are the titular witches.
Our outsider and heroine, Gwen Mayfield, played by Joan Fontaine, already has witchcraft on the brain, having spent time teaching at a mission school in Africa, where she suffered a "breakdown" after being attacked by local witch doctors. Hammer was never one to subvert terrible horror tropes, so it's a relief that they don't linger in this territory long enough to fully reach the level of racist stereotypes as, say, White Zombie or I Walked With A Zombie.
After Gwen recovers, she is approached by Rev. Alan Bax and hired as headmistress of Heddaby's only school. Alan and his sister Stephanie are the village's most prominent citizens and by far the shadiest. It's only after Gwen arrives in town that she discovers Alan isn't a priest at all; he "failed" at the seminary and spends most of his time closed off in a room full of Catholic iconography, listening to hymns on repeat and occasionally wearing a clerical collar to, I guess, feel a little better about himself. Stephanie is easily the more intriguing sibling, a well-known journalist and a thoroughly modern woman the likes of which are rarely found in Hammer films. Sadly, the latter is ultimately her downfall.
Stephanie and Gwen hit it off immediately. How many Hammer films pass the Bechdel Test? Surely someone has written about this at some point, but if I had to guess, I'd say: not many. The Vampire Lovers comes to mind and, though it's one of my personal favorites from Hammer, it's hardly a piece of feminist media. Neither is The Witches. I appreciate Hammer films for what they are and don't try to make them anything they're not, but coming from a studio whose female characters are often hyper-sexualized to the point of ridiculousness, it's refreshing to encounter two mature, intelligent women who respect each other's competence and whose narratives don't revolve around a man. Many reviewers — and even the authorized history of the studio, published in 2005 — have commented that The Witches doesn't feel like a Hammer film and I don't think it's a coincidence that it's also one of (if not the) only film in their catalog in which none of the women are explicitly sexualized. Coming just before the marketing shift around the onset of the 1970's that saw Hammer ramping up the sleaze to whole new levels, it stands, in my opinion, alongside the likes of Dracula and Curse of Frankenstein as proof that they could make decent, straight-forward horror films without all the excess camp and cleavage when they wanted to.
Moving on.
Gwen starts her new job trying to keep track of dozens of Heddaby children of varying ages and two students immediately stand out: quiet Linda and her boyfriend Ronnie. Everyone in town has apparently made it a personal mission to keep the two teenage lovebirds apart for reasons unknown. Gwen tries to reach out to them in different ways but takes a special interest in Ronnie, who she believes is exceptionally bright despite the fact that he is falling behind in school. She and Alan hold a meeting with Ronnie's parents and briefly entertain the idea of sending him to boarding school — which Alan later ominously remarks would have been "better" — but the idea is dismissed and Gwen takes on the role of personal tutor to the boy. Meanwhile Linda suffers a mysterious accident which Ronnie believes was inflicted on her by her cruel grandmother, a suspicious old woman who is easily the most likely person in town to be a witch.
Shortly after, Ronnie becomes suddenly ill and is rushed to the hospital in a coma. His father discloses to Gwen that Ronnie's mother once had shingles and believed it was the result of witchcraft, a spell placed on her by Linda's grandmother after the two of them argued about the lovebirds' relationship. It's with this in mind that Gwen then discovers a boy doll, a gift from Ronnie to Linda, full of pins, with it's head missing. Gwen brings the doll and her suspicions to Stephanie, who is intrigued by the idea that someone in their village might believe themselves to be a witch and proposes that the two of them collaborate on an article about the subject. On her way home, Gwen finds Ronnie's mother wandering the streets and gives her a ride. When Gwen tells her she suspects Ronnie is the victim of a witch's spell, the already distraught mother becomes even more upset and demands to be let out. The last we see of her, she is running toward the home of Linda and her grandmother.
The following evening, Ronnie's father visits Gwen at the school after hours, obviously drunk. He tells her that Ronnie made a miraculous recovery and that he and his mother have left Heddaby for good. Gwen believes that she and Linda's grandmother made a bargain: the old witch would release Ronnie from her spell providing that the boy was taken away from Heddaby so he could no longer pursue her granddaughter. The father then storms out, determined to visit the grandmother himself and find out the truth. The next morning, he turns up dead.
As the the drama unfolds, Gwen becomes increasingly unstable. She is shaken by the death and mysterious circumstances surrounding it. She goes to the river, where the man was found drowned, and discovers that tell-tale signs of a body being dragged through the mud to the water, along with the footprints of multiple people. While she wanders up and down the bank, trying to understand what's happening, she is bombarded by a stampede of sheep being chased by Stephanie's dogs. The footprints are conveniently gone under the onslaught of hooves.
Stephanie insists that Gwen stay with her and Alan and calls a doctor to care for her injuries. That night, Gwen dreams that she is being attacked by the African witch doctors again and suffers another breakdown.
The narrative has set Gwen up as teetering just on the edge of stability from the beginning, but it's clear at this point that someone is gaslighting her. She finds herself in a nursing home, with no memory of anything that happened after she left Africa, her room and care being paid for by "friends" whom her doctor refuses to name. When she slowly begins to regain her memory she is clever enough to distrust her doctor and feigns continued amnesia until she gets an opportunity to make a break for it. Gwen may be a somewhat hapless heroine at times, but she proves here that she is more resourceful than we've been giving her credit for.
Back in Heddaby, Gwen is taken back in by Stephanie and Alan. That night she is lead to a clandestine ceremony where she is unwillingly initiated into some kind of coven, made up of Heddaby locals and lead by Stephanie herself in colorful pagan garb. Now that she considers Gwen to be "one of us," she shares with her the secrets she's been keeping all this time.
Here is where things take an interesting twist. So many times in supernatural films we see women looking for eternal life for the same old reason: eternal beauty. Female audiences are consistently fed the lie that we must be beautiful, young, and desirable to men or else we are worthless, and that the pursuit of this superficial worth is more important than anything else. It's a depressing pattern.
Stephanie is seeking eternal life, yes, but not because she wants to be young and beautiful. She wants to preserve her mind, her intelligence, her talents — think of the things she could accomplish with another lifetime. She wants to live to see the 21st Century, to continue to learn and share her knowledge and insight with the world. Again, Hammer isn't one for subversion and all of this would be delightfully refreshing if Stephanie's endgame didn't come at the expense of another woman: young Linda. Stephanie dismisses the girl as an "idiot" whose only worth will come when she is a host for the older woman's life force through an ancient ceremony. The ritual requires a virgin under 15 years of age, explaining why it was so important that Ronnie and Linda be kept apart lest her "purity" become compromised.
The film builds a slow burn tension that rises to new heights in the final scenes. Stephanie leads a ritual of obviously drugged followers convulsing to a tribal beat. All of this leads up to, ultimately, nothing; when Stephanie's defeat comes, it's too quick and appallingly anticlimactic. The witch is dead and everyone else seems to live happily ever after, but it all falls flat.
The audience is left to answer for themselves the question: did Stephanie really yield any supernatural powers at all? The locals certainly believed she did. With a combination of persuasion, small town ignorance and superstition, and a dose of hallucinogenic drugs, Stephanie could have easily convinced the residents of Heddaby that she was a witch. She seemed to genuinely believe it herself. She was convinced that the ritual would be successful, that she could really transfer to life force into Linda's body and continue to live for decades to come, and when Gwen disrupted the ritual, Stephanie believed everything was ruined. But if there were no supernatural powers at play, why did she drop dead? Did the frenzy of the ritual and the shock of seeing her ambitions crushed simply take a toll on her heart? Or did she really conjure up dark forces that claimed her soul? And if the only influence she held over her flock were through roofies and the power of suggestion, why did they all immediately snap out of their trance as soon as she died?
There's no clear answer and it's probably better that way. Sometimes it's better to leave a few mysteries unsolved.
Overall, The Witches is not a bad film. The tension that builds over the course of the story is somewhat diminished by the disappointing payoff, but it stands as a solid prerequisite to the influx of folk horror that would come in the following years.
It's also a uniquely female-driven entry in Hammer's repertoire, where most female leads are either victim or vixen, to either be saved from the male villain or destroyed by the male hero. In The Witches, women are both hero and villain and need no help from men; indeed, the men are mostly passive characters, most of whom are under the control of the villain Stephanie, save for Ronnie, who falls victim and is disposed of, and Alan, who haplessly aides his sister — and who seems to be fully aware and not under the influence of drugs all the while — and drowns his guilt in his faith. He plays no role in saving the day. Gwen may waffle at times but she single-handedly puts the pieces of the mystery together and does the dirty work to save Linda and the people of Heddaby from Stephanie's reign of terror. The film is hardly progressive, especially from a 21st Century perspective, but it is a distinctly female film in a very male-driven genre. To me, that alone makes it worth watching.


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Why would anyone in their right mind give up coffee?
That is the same question I had asked many times over than many years I drank coffee. Then one August 1st, a couple years ago I had decided that I was going to do just that – give up coffee. I had stuck to that for close to a year, then over the course of time coffee and energy drinks had slipped back into my life to be about a weekly occurrence.
The past few weeks I have really been feeling the adverse side effects of all the coffee and energy drinks I have been putting in my body. I haven't been feeling as good. I have had headaches, been restless and jittery, and just felt off. It came to a point this evening, after having had a soy latte this morning. I was restless, feeling a little off and like I just needed to go out and go hiking.
I know black tea still has about 47 mg of caffeine (about half that of a cup of black coffee), and when I would get a blackberry rebel from Dutch Bros I would get anywhere from 80 – 160 mg of caffeine, which is crazy.
I am tired of the adverse side effects between the caffeine and sugar in coffee and energy drinks I have been putting up with for far too long.


text:
1 First edition publication information (publisher, place, date, etc.)
Copyright 1939 by John Steinbeck. First published in April 1939 by The Viking Press, New York. Printed in U.S.A. by Stratford Press; distributed in Canada by the Macmillian Company of Canada, LTD.
2 First edition published in cloth, paper, or both? If both, simultaneous or staggered?
3 JPEG image of cover art from first edition, if available
4 Pagination
Three Hundred twelve leaves. [title page(i), publishing information(ii), dedication(iii),blank(iv)] [short title page(1), blank(2), text(3-619), blank (620)]
5 Edited or Introduced? If so, by whom?
Not edited or introduced
6 Illustrated? If so, by whom?
Not illustrated
7 JPEG image of sample illustration, if available
8 General physical appearance of book (Is the physical presentation of the text attractive? Is the typography readable? Is the book well printed?)
The book is printed well. The text is simple, yet very readable. The title page is very bright and attractive. The physical presentation of text, chapter pages, and the title page is simple and appealing.
9 JPEG image of sample chapter page, if available
10 Paper (Assess the original quality of the paper used for the book. Is the paper in the copy or copies you examined holding up physically over time?)
The paper has held up over time. It is fairly thin and light. There was a slightly yellowish tint to the Special Collections edition, which was more pronounced in the regular Alderman Library copy.
11 Description of binding(s)
Beige cloth with line drawings in reddish-brown on lower half of front cover, spine, and rear cover. Spine printed in reddish-brown. The spine is glued. Portion of the score to "The Battle Hymn of the Republic" printed in reddish-brown on endpapers. Top edges stained in yellow, all edges trimmed.
12 Transcription of title page
The | Grapes of | Wrath/ JOHN STEINBECK[separation device]THE VIKING PRESS * NEW YORK
13 JPEG image of title page, if available
14 Manuscript Holdings
Special Collections in Alderman Library at the University of Virginia
15 Other (typograpical information from title page, etc.)
The inside of the dust jacket contains the words "FIRST EDITION". There is a dedication that says, "To Carol, who willed it" "To Tom, who lived it". The dust jacket is illustrated by Elmer Hader. The original price was $2.75. The back inside cover of the dust jacket contains critical reviews of "The Long Valley" and also the prices of other Steinbeck plays and novels ranging between $2 and $2.50.
1 Did the original publisher issue the book in more than one edition? If so, briefly describe distinguishing features of each (illustrations, cover art, typography, etc.); if not, enter N/A
Viking critical edition (Studs Terkel), 1989; Viking Bantam Books Series edition, 1964; Viking Braille edition, 1939; Book Club edition, 1939; Viking Compass edition, 1982
2 JPEG image of cover art from one subsequent edition, if available
3 JPEG image of sample illustration from one subsequent edition, if available
4 How many printings or impressions of the first edition?
Unable to locate information.
5 Editions from other publishers? If so, list their dates and publishers; if not, enter N/A
Knopf (1993); Library of America ("Grapes of Wrath and Other Writings, 1936-41"); Heinemann (1994); Everyman's Library (1994); Mandarin (1990); World Publishing (1947); Penguin Books (1989, 96); Chelsea House Publishers (1996); Sun Dial Press (1941); The Modern Library (A division of Random House, 1941) New York Council on Books in Wartime (1939); P.F. Collier and Son Corporation (1939); The Limited Editions Club (1940); The Heritage Press (1940); Penguin (1977); Collector's Reprints, Inc. (1989); Globe Fearson (1996); Continental Books Co. (1947); Heinemann and Secker and Warburg (1983); Franklin Library (1983); Book-of-the Month Club (1995); Heinemann (1939); International collectors Library (1939); Reader's Digest Association (1991); The Easton Press (1968); F. Watts (1939); Milestone Editions (1967); Book Club Associates (1969); J.G. Ferguson (1939); Progress Publishers (1978); World Books (1940); Pan Books (1975); Bordas (1972); World Publishing Company (1947); Heron Books (1971)
6 Last date in print?
1997 by Viking Penguin
7 Total copies sold? (source and date of information?)
2,100,908 copies sold between 1939 and 1975.
8 Sales figures by year? (source and date of information?)
9 Advertising copy (transcribe significant excerpts, briefly identify where ads were placed)
The New York Times Book Review on Sunday, April 16, and Sunday, April 23, 1939. The ad included in large type: John | Steinbeck's | The | Grapes | of | Wrath. It gives The Viking Press' address and includes a picture of Steinbeck, and selected quotes: "Öhis biggest and richest and ripest, his toughest book and his tenderestÖ" - Lewis Gannett, "By all odds Steinbeck's greatest novel." -John Chamberlain, "Worth all the talk, all the anticipation, all the enthusiasm." -George Stevens. The April 16th ad carries the simple words: John Steinbeck's new novel The GRAPES of WRATH. It also contains in script the words: Just Published
10 JPEG image of sample advertisement, if available
11 Other promotion
Unable to find any other promotion. Steinbeck wouldn't promote the book personally. He felt the book should have to sell itself.
12 Performances in other media? If so, list media, date, title, production information; if not, enter N/A
A movie was made in 1940 entitled "The Grapes of Wrath". It was produced by Darryl F. Zanucks for 20th Century Fox, directed by John Ford, and starred Henry Fonda. A play version of the book was performed in 1988 at the Steppenwolf Theatre in Chicago, Illinois.
13 Translations? If translated, give standard bibliographic information for each translation. If none, enter N/A
German: "Die Fruchte des Zornes", Zurich; Humanitas, Verlag, 1940 (3 p.1, 7-675 p.21 cm). Swedish: "Vredens druvor", Stockholm, Bokforlaget Aldus Bonniers, 1965 (478, 1, pg. 19cm). Japanese: "Ikari no budo" (translated by Yasuo Okobo), Tokyo, Shincho-sha, 1953 (526, pg. 20cm). French: "Grappes d'amertume" (translated by Karin Hatker), Bruxelles, De Kooe, 1944 (704, pg. 19cm).French: "Les raisin de colere" (Marcel Duhand) Paris, Galimard, 1947. Argentina: "Vinas de ira" (B. Diaz Gracian) Buenos Aires, Editorial Claridad, 1941. Braille: American Printing House for the Blind, 1970. Korean: "Punno nun p'odo ch'orom" (Pong-sik Kang) Soul, Uryu Munhwasa, 1976. Turkish: "Gazap Uzumleri", Istabul, Engin Yayincilik. Finland: "Vihan Hedelmat", Helsinki, Kustannusosakeyhtio Tammi, 1989. Spain: "El raim de la ira", Barcelona, Edicions, 1993. Japanese: "Sutainbekku" (Masaji Onoe), Tokyo, Chokoronsha, 1971. Romania: "Erik a gyumoles: regeny" Bukurest, Kriterion Konyrkiado, 1971.
14 Serialization? If serialized, give standard bibliographic information for serial publication. If none, enter N/A
Steinbeck wrote a series of seven articles commissioned by the San Francisco News. The series, called "The Harvest Gypsies," was published later by The Simon S. Lubin Society of California as a pamphlet entitled, "Their Blood is Strong." In 1988 Heyday republished this under its original title: "The Harvest Gypsies: On the Road to the Grapes of Wrath"
15 Sequels/Prequels? Give standard bibliographic information for each. If none, enter N/A
None have been written.
1 Paste your biographical sketch here (maximum 500 words)
John Ernst Steinbeck was born at 132 Central Avenue in Salinas, California on February 27, 1902. His father, John Steinbeck, Sr., served as the County Treasurer, while his mother, Olive Hamilton Steinbeck, was a local school teacher. Through his mother, Steinbeck learned his love of reading and literature. He had three sisters, Elizabeth Steinbeck Ainsworth, Esther Steinbeck Rogers, and Mary Steinbeck Dekker.
Growing up in Salinas, Steinbeck spent his summers as a hired hand at nearby ranches, working under the hot sun and nourishing his respect for the land of California and the people that inhabited it. This respect would show up in his novels, as most of his stories are set in his home state of California. He graduated from Salinas High School in June of 1919. Steinbeck enrolled in Stanford University that fall. He remained there six years, from 1919 to 1925. He originally declared a major of English, but decided after a year to pursue a program of independent study. His attendance was sporadic and he never completed his degree. During his time at Stanford, he held various jobs, finally deciding to pursue a career in writing in 1925. Leaving Stanford, Steinbeck traveled to New York, where he worked as a bricklayer, reporter, and a manual laborer for the construction of Madison Square Garden while he tried to find a publisher for his writings. Unsuccessful, he returned to California in 1927.
In 1929, at age 27, Steinbeck published his first work, "Cup of Gold". This novel and the two subsequent to it, "The Pastures of Heaven" and "To a God Unknown" were poorly received by the literary world. Steinbeck married his first wife, Carol Henning, in 1930 and they moved to his family's home in Pacific Grove, California. Basing much of the material for the novel on Pacific Grove, Steinbeck published "Tortilla Flat" in 1935. Coupled with "In Dubious Battle" (1936), and "Of Mice and Men" (1937), these novels marked the turning point in Steinbeck's career. "Tortilla Flat" received the Commonwealth's Gold Medal for best novel by a California author, and brought him his first critical success.
Following the publication of "Of Mice and Men", Steinbeck traveled to Oklahoma, where he joined a group of farmers embarking for California. Living and working with this family for two years, Steinbeck collected the experience that he would pour into his greatest work: "The Grapes of Wrath". Published in 1939, "The Grapes of Wrath" established Steinbeck's prominence in the literary world, earning him the Pulitzer Prize in 1940.
Steinbeck divorced in 1942, and remarried Gwyndolyn Conger in 1943. He had two sons with Gwyndolen, Thomas and John. During this time, Steinbeck worked as a war correspondent in Italy and Northern Africa for the New York Herald Tribune. He published "Cannery Row" in 1945, "The Log from the Sea of Cortez" in 1951, "East of Eden " in 1952, and "Travels With Charley" in 1962. While remaining popular, these novels failed to earn him the critical support of his 1930's works. He divorced in 1948, and remarried Elaine Scott in 1950.
In 1962, Steinbeck was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature "?for his realistic as well as imaginative writings, distinguished by a sympathetic humor and a keen social perception." Steinbeck died on December 20, 1968 in New York City, his last place of residence. His ashes were placed in the Garden of Memories Cemetery in Salinas. Most of his original manuscripts and papers are located in the Special Collections at the University of Virginia.
1 Paste contemporary reception history in here (maximum 500 words)
With its release in April of 1939, The Grapes of Wrath swept the country, bringing on a storm of reviews. In his writing on Steinbeck's career, Peter Lisca recalled the impact of the book's publication: "The Grapes of Wrath was a phenomenon on the scale of a national event. It was publicly banned and burned by citizens, it was debated on national radio hook-ups; but above all, it was read." Steinbeck's passionate portrayal of the journey of the starving Joad family from the dust bowls of Oklahoma to the fertile valley of California evoked an emotional response in all that read it. Earle Birney called the writing of the book, "a 'deed' - the act of a man out of the pity and wrath of his heart," while a critic for the London Times named it "one of the most arresting [novels] of its time." Steinbeck's popularity with the American public soared, as they found his words to be from the heart of a man whose novels celebrated life and the common fellowship of man. This ability to evoke emotion led to serious criticism of the message of The Grapes of Wrath, as Steinbeck was attacked as a propagandist and a socialist from both the left and the right of the political spectrum. The most fervent of these attacks came from the Associated Farmers of California, as they were displeased with the book's depiction of California farmer's attitudes and conduct toward the migrants. They denounced the book as a "pack of lies" and labeled it "communist propaganda". Along with this group, Steinbeck's novel garnered a negative response from a variety of other sources. Burton Rascoe of Newsweek called Grapes of Wrath a "mess of silly propaganda, superficial observation, careless infidelity to the proper use of idiom, tasteless pornographical and scatagorical talk." Despite the prevalence of these glaringly critical responses, most other negative thoughts were on Steinbeck's literary technique, writing style, or characterization. Coupled with almost every one of these negative responses, was the reviewer's insistence that this novel was a great and important one. Writing for the New York Times Book Review, Peter Monro Jack qualifies his criticisms about plot structure: "All this is true enough but the real truth is that Steinbeck has written a novel from the depth's of his heart with a sincerity seldom equaled. It may be an exaggeration, but it is the exaggeration of an honest and splendid writer." While provoking criticism from various groups for the book's message, and various reviewers for technical aspects, The Grapes of Wrath captured the popularity of the American public, securing it as one of the best "protest" novels of all time. Peter Monro Jack, New York Times; Edward Weeks, Atlantic, Booklist; J.H. Jackson, Books; E.B. Garside, Boston Transcript; Earle Birney, Canadian Forum; Art Kuhl, Catholic World; L.A.S., Christian Science Monitor, Cleveland Open Shelf; J.N. Vaughan, Commonweal; M.L. Elting, Forum; Wilfrid Gibson, Manchester Guardian; Louis Kronenberger, Nation; Malcolm Cowley, New Republic; Anthony West, New Statesman and Nation; Clifton Fadiman, New Yorker; Charles Angoff, North America, Pratt; George Stevens, Saturday review of Literature; J.H. Caskey, Saturday review of Literature; Kate O'Brien, Spec, Springfield Republican; Leon Whipple, Survey G; Time, Times [London] Literature Supplement, Wis Lib Bull (abr); Ralph Thompson, Yale Review; Burton Rascoe, Newsweek; Philip Rahv, Partisan Review; Rev. Arthur D. Spearman, Albany Times-Union; London Times; Westbrook Pegler; Raymond Calpper; Frank J. Taylor, Forum; Collier
2 Paste subsequent reception history in here (maximum 500 words)
In the subsequent years since the Grapes of Wrath was published its positive support continues to dominate the reviews. Capturing generation after generation with its powerful story, the novel remains popular with the public, selling over 100, 000 copies annually. A Time critic called Grapes of Wrath Steinbeck's "strongest and most durable novel?a concentration of Steinbeck's artistic and moral vision." In looking back on Steinbeck's long career, The Grapes of Wrath stands out to many as the pinnacle of his work. Max Westbrook echoed this when he wrote about two of Steinbeck's other works: "Neither novel comes to grips with the problems handled so courageously in The Grapes of Wrath." Over the years, the Grapes of Wrath's emotional and social impact has become apparent. Louis Owens writes, "Grapes of Wrath is one of America's great novels and the zenith of John Steinbeck's career." With its powerful images and emotional struggle, this story has provoked debate and response since the day it was published. John Timmerman sums up the book's impact: "The Grapes of Wrath may well be the most thoroughly discussed novel - in criticism, reviews, and college classrooms - of twentieth century American literature." Even the contemporary cries that The Grapes of Wrath was communist propaganda have died down, as subsequent reviewer's have been able to look at the work from the objective stance of a different time period. Nancy McWilliams and Wilson McWilliams note that Steinbeck "was a conservative, a man who valued and even clung to the old America." Daniel Aaron remarked that the novel was "an insider's plea to the popular conscience, not a call for revolution." From the beginning, the Grapes of Wrath has ignited intense social and literary debate among the public and scholars alike. With this discussion has come a recognition that this novel is not only the best of Steinbeck's career, but is also one of America's best, insuring it a lasting place on the bookshelves of the world.William Kennedy, New York Times; Bloomsbury Review; Murry Davis, World literature Today; Time; London Times; American Literature; Antioch Review; Chicago Tribune; Choice; Christian Science Monitor; Commonweal; Detroit Free Press; Esquire; Globe and mail; Journal of Modern Literature; Life; Los Angeles Times; Jack Miles, Los Angeles Times Book Review; Modern Fiction Studies; Nation; National Observer; New Republic; New Statesman; Newsweek; New York Herald Tribune Books; New York Times; New York Times Book Review; Novel: A Forum on Fiction; Observer; Pacific Spectator; Publisher's Weekly; Ramparts; Saturday Review; W. French, R.E. Morsburg, Steinbeck Quarterly; Studies in American Fiction; Studies in Short Fiction; Time; Times Literary Supplement; University of Windsor Review; Washington Post; Washington post Book World; Western American Literature; World Literature Today; Yale Review; M. Frieder, Critical Inquiry; H. Groene; M. Westbrook, Texas Quarterly; D.W. Maurer, American Speech; B. McGinty, American History Illustrated; R.S. Simmons, Steinbeck Monthly; C.D. Williams
1 Paste your critical analysis in here (maximum 2500 words)
John Steinbeck's The Grapes of Wrath couples social protest with a celebration of life and humanity, securing it both a critical and public popularity that has remained since its publication in 1939. Steinbeck combines intense understanding with a social awareness to portray the cruel journey of the Joad family from the Dust Bowl of Oklahoma to the fertile valley of Steinbeck's native California. Secure in the familiar surroundings of his home, Steinbeck is free to dive into the social injustice set upon the starving migrant workers by the big farm owner associations. This struggle was raging at the time of the book's publication, giving its message added poignancy. Despite early labels of "communist propaganda", The Grapes of Wrath extolled the common humanity of man, as the Joads joined thousands of similar migrants on the road to the promise land of California. The common bond between man flows thematically throughout the book, supporting Steinbeck's belief in human strength during times of strife. Reinforced by the movie release in 1940, the story of the Joads awoke in America a sense of outrage at the human suffering taking place around them. While this emotion was ever more prominent in the era in which it was written, the continued popularity of the book gives testament to the universal realism of the Joad's plight. Relying on hard work and commitment in his work, Steinbeck conveyed his integrity to the public, thus aiding the truth of the book's message. Steinbeck wrote The Grapes of Wrath from the anger and passion in his heart, and the power of his statement has insured the book's popularity.
Published in April of 1939, The Grapes of Wrath's message of social protest led to its initial popularity. With the suffering of the migrant workers already spanning the country's newspapers, America finally got an inside look at the people involved. With so prevalent a subject, book sales swelled. In writing about the publication of the Grapes of Wrath, Daniel Aaron describes the formula Steinbeck possessed that facilitated the novel's initial success: "A special combination of marketable literary talent, historical timing, eye for the significant subject, and power of identification." He adds that this combination made the book "the first of the Thirties protest novels to be read on a comparable scale with?best-selling novels." The power of identification allowed readers to empathize with the Joads suffering and thus recognize the social peril occurring in the country. The significance of the book's message thus ignited heated discussion over not only the book itself, but also the situation it depicted. Peter Lisca illustrates the national impact of its publication: "The Grapes of Wrath was a phenomenon on the scale of a national event. It was publicly banned and burned by citizens; it was debated on national radio hook-ups; but above all it was read." Many reviews at the time of publication recognized the significance the book held for the American conscience. In writing for Atlantic Monthly, Edward Weeks displayed the power of the situation: "To me, The Grapes of Wrath is the summation of eighteen years of realism, a novel whose hunger, passion, and poetry are in direct answer to the angry stirring of our conscience these past seven years." Evoking emotion and awareness of the migrant workers' dismal condition, the book quickly became the number one national best seller.
In order to evoke the emotional response which allowed his social criticism to flourish, Steinbeck fortified his book with solid realism. For two years prior to the publication of The Grapes of Wrath, Steinbeck spent his time with a group of migrant workers making their way towards California. Travelling and working with the laborers, Steinbeck found the heartfelt material in which to base his book. Daniel Aaron explains the need for first-hand experience: "To make their story convincing, he had to report their lives with fidelity." Steinbeck was able to translate his experiences with the migrants into a careful realism that evoked sympathy and understanding in the reader. He possessed what Fredrick Bracher described as, "a way of looking at things characteristic of a biologist." This ability allowed him to create characters and scenes mirroring reality. Illustrating his objective approach, Steinbeck was not blind to the imperfections of the migrants. Warren French explains Steinbeck's description: "He shows clearly that he writes about a group of thoughtless, impetuous, suspicious, ignorant people." Coupled with the book's authentic characters, the descriptive setting adds to the realistic portrayal. Steinbeck was a native of California, and as Nancy McWilliams suggests, "his writings never succeeded very well when he tried to walk alien soil." Steinbeck's descriptive power shows clearly as the Joads come upon the fertile valley of California: "Suddenly they saw the great valley below them. Al jammed on the brake and stopped in the middle of the road, and 'Jesus Christ!' Look!' he said. The vineyards, the orchards, the great flat valley, green and beautiful, the trees set in rows, and the farm houses." The power of Steinbeck's personalized account of the migrant workers and the land they work added weight and validity to his social criticism. In reading The Grapes of Wrath, the public discovered realistic suffering which illuminated the book's message and ignited its popularity.
Steinbeck's descriptive power was a perfect basis for a movie version, which aided the book's popularity tremendously. Released in 1940 starring Henry Fonda, The Grapes of Wrath movie brought Steinbeck's authentic story of human suffering to even more of the population. The novel itself contained all the ingredients for a film version, for, as Aaron writes, the novel "unfolds cinematically almost as if Steinbeck had conceived of it as a documentary film." As is often the case, the movie's release added to book sales. Scott Simkins explains, "With the release of Grapes of Wrath and its film adaptation by John Ford a year later, Steinbeck's popularity with the American public soared, and with that public his reputation never diminished." In the case of the religiously charged best-selling novel, The Robe, the release of the movie a decade after the publication of the book placed the book back atop the bestseller list. While not as extreme, the release of the movie version of The Grapes of Wrath helped the book to stay on the best seller charts two years in a row. Just as Steinbeck's realistic portrayal facilitates the reader's connection and understanding of the Joads, the release of the movie brought these characters to life for thousands of Americans, aiding the book's popularity.
From the initial boost of social relevance coupled with a film version, the book's popularity has remained high, owing, in large part, to its continued appeal both publicly and critically. As Jackson Benson points out, unswerving reader loyalty can often adversely affect a writer's critical reception; however, this was not the case for The Grapes of Wrath. Even with the huge popular following garnered by the book upon publication, its critical reception remained strong. In examining the novel, the answer becomes clear, as Steinbeck's obvious passion and positive celebration of man's strength in the face of adversity relates to a basic level of humanity found in everyone. Stemming from his first hand experience with the migrants, Steinbeck poured his personal anger and indignation at their condition into the pages of The Grapes of Wrath. In addition to his ability to report his subjects objectively and realistically, Steinbeck's emotion permeated the story. Nancy McWilliams and Wilson McWillams elaborate on the strength of his writing: "The real power of The Grapes of Wrath is the savage anger at the impersonal process that uproots men from the land and rapes it." In almost every review of the book, the obvious power of Steinbeck's feeling comes through, exhibiting how real and attractive it is. Earle Birney defined it as "what Milton would call a 'deed' - the act of a man out of the wrath and pity of his heart." This passion adds weight to the story and appeals to the public and critics alike. As noted earlier, Steinbeck had the formula based in social protest for writing a great novel, he just needed the heartfelt emotion to drive him to completion. Steinbeck's anger at the migrant condition flows neatly into his belief in the importance of man's strength and life. This belief permeates throughout his works, and in the case of The Grapes of Wrath, his optimistic picture of man in the midst of suffering accounts for much of his popularity. In his review for the Saturday Review of Literature, George Stevens explained the special characteristic of the book: "The unique quality of The Grapes of Wrath?is an understanding of courage; courage that exists as the last affirmation of human dignity." Steinbeck's understanding of human character and dignity allows The Grapes of Wrath to raise man above suffering, offering a message of hope to readers. Walter Allen explains Steinbeck's philosophy and how it differed from even his social anger: "he has a generous indignation at the spectacle of human suffering. But apart from this, he is the celebrant of life, any kind of life, just because it is life." By focusing on the resilience and glory of human life, Steinbeck set himself apart from his contemporaries. The anger of injustice coupled with a belief in life form a crucial reason for the book's continued popularity.
In addition to the emotional philosophy behind the story, The Grapes of Wrath continues to stand out both because of the universal appeal of Steinbeck's depiction of a collective humanity. In combating the oppressive structure of large-scale growers, the migrants have to adapt in order to survive. Following a theme prominent in all his works, Steinbeck reveals man's tendency to find strength within a group. While the migrant's plight is uniquely American, their reverting to interdependence among one another in order to survive is something that spans all cultures. This pervading theme contributes to the continued popularity locally as well as internationally. Translated into almost every language, The Grapes of Wrath promotes a universal identification with the characters. As the migrants move steadily towards California, Steinbeck describes the phenomenon of human connection: "Because they were all lonely and perplexed, because they had all come from a place of sadness and worry and defeat, and because they were all going to a new mysterious place, they huddled together; they shared their lives?in the evening a strange thing happened: the twenty families became one family." Steinbeck shows man's natural tendency to group together in order to find strength, thus illustrating his plea for a return to the importance of group dependence in the lives of individuals. While some called this a Communist attitude, Steinbeck saw it as the only way to heal an increasingly selfish society. Despite the American setting of the novel, the universal theme of the importance of humanity earned it international success, while facilitating its continued popularity with the passage of time.
Though much of the book's success is based on the power of Steinbeck's writing and thought, his public persona as a man of integrity can not be overlooked. His work habit and public comments lent authenticity to the realism of his book's story. Working with his publisher in advertising The Grapes of Wrath, Steinbeck flatly refused to publicly promote the book, asserting that it had to stand on its own merit. This decision reveals just how passionate he felt about the subject of his book, consequently informing the public of just how strong a story it was. In a modern age in which anything and everything has been done in order to publicize a book or movie, the public can often fail to recognize sincerity when they see it. Earning the Nobel Prize in 1962, Steinbeck emphasized the integrity and passion that drove his literature: "the writer is delegated to declare and to celebrate man's proven capacity for greatness of heart and spirit - for gallantry in defeat, for courage, compassion, and love?I hold that writer who does not passionately believe in the perfectibility of man has no dedication nor any membership in literature." His words clearly show his noble attitude toward his profession of writing. Throughout his career, his dedication, passion, and integrity have shown through to the public, increasing the popularity of his books.
The Grapes of Wrath is rich with the indignation and passion of a man deeply moved by human suffering. With it's popularity based in the social turmoil of Dust Bowl migration, Steinbeck combined detailed realism with powerful emotion to create a universal notion of humanity. The book has appealed to both the public and critics since its publication, earning the status of a classic of American literature. While this gives the book an almost secure critical status, its potentially wavering popularity remains strong. Over 100,000 copies are still sold annually all over the world. The Grapes of Wrath is a moving story of human courage and strength with a universal appeal that has withstood the passage of time.
First ad for "The Grapes of Wrath" appearing in the New York Times Book Review on April 16, 1939
Poster ad for the 1940 movie version of "The Grapes of Wrath"


text:
Recherche – Detailansicht
Secunda, Shai
The Iranian Talmud. Reading the Bavli in Its Sasanian Context.
Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press 2013. XI, 256 S. = Divinations: Rereading Late Ancient Religion Series. Lw. US$ 55,00. ISBN 978-0-8122-4570-7.
Catherine Hezser
The study of the Babylonian Talmud within its Sasanian Persian context is still in its infancy. During the last ten years Yaakov Elman of Yeshiva University has conducted groundbreaking research, promulgating the study of the Middle Persian language and Zoroastrian literature amongst Talmudists. Shai Secunda, the author of this monograph, follows in Elman's footsteps, describing himself as »a Talmudist with training in Iranian studies« (IX). His work is meant to provide an overview and foundation for the further study of the Bavli in its proper cultural, political, and religious environment. As becomes evident, this environment was multi-faceted, inter-cultural, and dynamic. Besides various types of Zoroastrians, Babylonian Jews, (Eastern and Western) Christians, Buddhists, Hindus, and Manichaeans participated in the »religious diversity of Sasanian Iran« (19). The texts and discussions of the Babylonian Talmud which emerged in this context cannot be properly understood without a proper knowledge of Sasanian culture, especially Zoroastrian and Pahlavi literature and learning: »The Bavli is obviously not in any meaningful way equivalent to Middle Persian literature, nor does it constitute a purely Sasanian Iranian compilation«; but it is also not »hermetically sealed off« (112) from its Iranian context. S. shows how a careful intertextual reading can reveal points of contact and interaction by, at the same time, avoiding the problematic issue of direct influence. He argues that the scholarly focus should be on textuality, acknowledging the significance of orality in the transmission process. What can be discovered is not influence but the »interpenetra-tion of Sasanian oral texts in the Bavli« (127).
In the first chapter S. outlines the surviving evidence of Jewish and non-Jewish Sasanian culture besides the Babylonian Talmud: some »minor« tractates of the Bavli, seals and incantation bowls published by Shaul Shaked, some non-Jewish material remains (e. g., urban structures, temples, inscriptions, imperial architecture), and especially Middle Persian (Pahlavi) literature (the Avesta, Zand, and Denkart), Eastern Christian texts, Manichaean literature, and Mandaic texts. Although the Zoroastrian texts were edited in Islamic times they contain material which originated in late antiquity. The problem is to determine what ideas, rules, notions, and practices can be considered Sasanian. At the same time the intertextuality and »authorial problem« (27) of Pahlavi literature link this body of material to the similarly anonymous compilation of the Talmud which also underwent many transmissional and editorial stages. Both the Bavli and Pahlavi literature were »insular« writings (28) and products of complex historical and cultural developments.
The following chapters provide examples of »an inventory of interactions of varying significance and degree« (35) in daily life as well as in the intellectual and political sphere. By focusing on the textual aspects S. is able to avoid the positivistic pitfalls of some earlier studies (mostly of the Palestinian Talmud in the Graeco-Roman context) which claimed actual historical encounters and dependence. He merely notes that rabbinic narratives about encounters fit the phenomenon of mixed residence and »demographic variety« (37). Intermarriage, conversion, and interreligious disputes initiated by the Persian rulers could have constituted possible points of contact. One of the major problems of studying the Bavli in its Persian context becomes evident here, however: due to the sparse evidence available, much depends on conjectures, possibilities, and suggestions and many questions remain. What did rabbis know about Zoroastrian learning, given that Pahlavi was linguistically different from Babylonian and other forms of Aramaic? Did some Babylonian Jews study with magi? Was the so-called bei abeidan, mentioned in the Bavli, a place of intellectual exchange between Jews and Zoroastrians? Did the Iranian authorities require rabbis' presence at these places and participation in the disputes, similar to Medieval religious disputa-tions imposed on Jews by Christians? The Denkart mentions official Sasanian disputations but does not refer to Jews in this context. S. admits that the hypothesis of interreligious Jewish-Zoroastrian disputes at the bei aveidan remains »speculative« (63).
Chapters 3 and 4 examine the respective image of the »Other« presented in Babylonian rabbinic and Zoroastrian texts. He con-cludes that rabbis and Zoroastrians »constructed opposing, mirror images of each other« (35), probably because they constituted si-milar yet competing cultures of learning. The rabbinic view of the »goy« engaged in magic and idolatry is matched by the Zoroastrian dualistic notion of non-Zoroastrians as »Others«. The Babylonian Talmudic texts discussed in this connection are difficult to interpret. E. g., anti-Persian views are repeatedly associated with Rav Yosef: to what extent were these views representative of other Babylonian rabbis or Jews in general? If the Bavli criticizes learning from a magus, did this magus represent Zoroastrianism for rabbis? What do terms such as amgushta and ratin refer to? With Shaked S. concludes that Jews constituted »the primary antagonistic rival of Zoroastrianism« (77). Babylonian Talmudic texts »depict the Zoroastrian priesthood as a kind of evil counterpart to talmudic jurists and sages« (80). Yet the Bavli also contains other texts in which Jews and Zoroastrians are not contrasted but compared with each other. S. suggests that the very »proximity between the two communities may have seemed threatening to some communal leaders, which in turn engendered stalk and mutually informing ›discourses of the Other‹« (88). Yet rabbis also recognized similarities between rab-binic and Persian law and presented the Sasanian king as »a kind of rabbi« (101). Altogether, relations would have been much more complex than the dualistic construction of the Other insinuates.
The fifth and final chapter presents a number of strategies for the further contextual study of the Babylonian Talmud. How should we go about to read the Bavli »in Iran«, taking the limits of the evidence into account? The focus on textuality and intertextual readings may »highlight examples of textual and literary interactions« (127), a strategy for which a number of examples are pro-vided in this book. Even if the texts are not historically reliable, parallels and analogies »in content and language« may occur and reveal the Bavli's embeddedness in Iranian culture and participation in »a kind of late antique (…) ›text-scape‹ across Iranian lands« (131). How the Iranian context is to be distinguished from the Palestinian Hellenistic heritage is another issue awaiting future examination.
This relatively short (the body of the text has 146 pages only) but excellent and methodologically careful discussion sums up pre-vious approaches to studying the Bavli contextually and consti-tutes the basis of all future comparative studies. The book will interest not only Talmudists and historians of ancient Judaism but also scholars of Iranian history and Zoroastrian religion and scholars and students of early Christianity.


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text: The Russian ruble rebounded on Monday after falling sharply on Friday, with higher oil prices and the beginning of a new monthly tax period helping the currency, Reuters reported. At 0705 GMT, the ruble was around 0.9% stronger against the dollar at 51.40 and gained 1.1% to trade at 55.40 versus the euro. This follows a nearly 5% slump on Friday. Oil prices, Russia's main exports, rose on Friday, while demand for the ruble was also higher due to levies that domestic exporters must pay this week. Meanwhile, the ruble rate will most likely fluctuate in the coming months but it should be largely stable if there are no big changes in oil prices or sanctions against Russia, Ksenia Yudayeva, a first deputy governor, wrote in an opinion piece in business daily Vedomosti and added that the ruble had been adjusting to new conditions.


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Welcome! Register today! | Login
Forums > Parent to Parent > Coupons, Savings & Money Matters >
How did you get started budgeting?
Forums > Parent to Parent > Coupons, Savings & Money Matters >
How did you get started budgeting?
How did you get started budgeting?
- Page 1 of 3
- | Next »
- rudolphia
- We are preparing for the possibility that it will be just too difficult to keep working with a little one (and once we have a second baby, I definitely plan to stay home). I've been lazy about planning because we've been fortunate to have plenty with both of us working. I know we've wasted plenty of money and can live on much less. So I want to put together a draft budget, but not sure where to start.
The good news is we have no non-mortgage debt and already have a great start on college savings. And because I've been contributing the maximum before-tax to my 401k for a while, I should be fine on retirement savings.
One thing that complicates things is that we will have additional expenses when I quit. For example, I get a company car, and the insurance and gas are included. Also, I'll have to get my own cell phone, as work provides that.
- the_littleminx
- I don't have any tips, but I'm looking forward to seeing what replies you get. Lord knows we could all use some every now and then.
Also, good luck in whatever you end up doing.
- Dopey406
- We started budgeting because we really need to get out of debt. We got Dave Ramsey's The Total Money Makeover book from the library. It has 7 Baby Steps for achieving financial freedom and building wealth. The steps are as follows:
1. $1,000 Emergency Fund (this is in preparation for Step 2).
2. Debt Snowball
3. Full Emergency Fund of 3-6 months' worth living expenses--note that this is NOT 3-6 months INCOME--just living expenses.
4. Invest 15% of household income into retirement (IRAs or 410k)
5. College funding for children
6. Pay off home early
7 Build wealth and give, give, give.
As you can see, you're already ahead in some of these steps. Because you are entering into SAHM-dom without debt other than your house, you're in an enviable position. We still have $15,000 to pay off our debt before we get to that stage.
I would suggest taking a look at
for information regarding budgeting. He has Quickie Budget sheets and Cash Flow plans that can help you get started.
Also, getting his book from the library is a great way to read through his philosophy and realize why so many people have committed to his approach to securing your future for yourself and your family.
We have found amazing freedom with this plan and have successfully lived on a budget for more than a year now. We would probably have a little bit more spending money if I took a job, but the sacrifices of stayong home are worth more than ANY job I'd ever take. I don't think you'll regret it!!
- Janine
- We started budgeting when we moved in together because we have 2 seperate checking accounts and we needed to figure out what bills needed to be paid out of which account. ( I had a bankruptcy pending that kept me from being able to be added to his bank account, and we've just been too lazy to change it yet.)
We made a list of our reoccuring bills and every month we update the amount and the due date. Then we divide out what account we are going to pay them out of ...( Our ultimate goal is to be paying for all bills out of Dh's account because he only gets paid once a month, and then use my account for gas, food and entertainment-we shoudl reach that point next month!)
We decided that we need a minimum of $150 week for food and gas, but like to have closer to $200. We print it out, cross off the bills as they get paid, so nothing gets overlooked. ( we found out that is easy to do when we get a lot of statements online!)
At the bottom we make notes of things we need to make extra payments for, large nonreoccuring expenses (like tagging a car) and large purchases we'd like to make with any "left over" money. That way we have a goal to work towards each month. It feels good to cross the bills off, and we are staying motivated to save money for the extra expenses.
- Dopey406
- I suppose I should have EXPLAINED what we do, right?
DH gets paid on the 15th and the last day of the month. We have a "budget meeting" twice a month with his check is deposited into our account. On our bulletin board we have a
with the months across the top and the bills listed down the side. The top four bills get paid out of the first check and the bottom four bills get paid out of the second check, based on the due date.
The first thing we do is pay the four appropriate bills online. Then, using Quicken, we make sure that the bank balance matches our balance. Once that's done, we move to an Excel spreadsheet. We list all of the things we know we'll need to buy for the next two weeks.
The DEFINITE categories are:
Then we PORK BARREL any other anticipated expense. These might include things like:
Sam's Memory Box--$100
Sewing supplies--$25
Postage for Gift to Cleveland--$5
Emma's birthday gift--$15
...and any other thing we can think of that we'll need money for until we get paid again.
Then, Excel subtracts all of those expenses from what we have left after paying bills. THAT is how much we take out of the bank in CASH. We use envelopes from the bank and write the category on the bottom of each, then fill it with the appropriate amount of cash.
Any other money leftover goes DIRECTLY toward our debt payment. In order to be out of debt by Christmas 2007, we have to average $1300/month toward debt. So you can imagine that we're living frugally. But this system works amazingly well for us.
is another post that might explain our process more clearly. It does take a little bit of perseverance to get into the swing of it, but once you do, it's GREAT!!
HTH more than the first post.
ETA: It probably sounds very complicated and lengthy, but it really only takes us about an hour, twice a month to do the budget. The most amount of time is spent sitting around trying to think of Pork Barrel needs so we don't underestimate what we'll need. So don't be afraid!!
Last edited by Dopey406; 01-12-07 at 12:20 PM..
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- « College funds | Wedding costs »
- Dopey406
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text:
|Oracle FAQ
|Your Portal to the Oracle Knowledge Grid
Home -> Community -> Mailing Lists -> Oracle-L -> Re: different results in sql and plsql execution
Andrey Kriushin schrieb:
> Hi, Maxim,
> Have you noticed the difference in the execution plans? There is VIEW
> step in PL/SQL. Don't know if this is anyhow related to the problem.
> -- Andrey
Hi, Andrey,
yes , i've seen that. The wrong result itself isn't a big surprise, i've often seen similar effects if optimizer choose wrong execution plan ( well, may be not too often, but function based index on null is a good example). I'm pretty sure, this issue is due to different plans, but this is the secondary thing - what drives me crazy - i can't understand , why comes this plan instability. I had even a test instance with wrong results, 3 days later the same query - correct results - restarted instance - again wrong - inbetween - no user activity at all on the database nor on the host ( except the scheduled statistics gathering ). It goes better - i get different results at the same time in different clients - correct on the host sqlplus , wrong on the windows client sqlplus. There are no invalid objects, no invalid indexes, all is wonderful, but yields wrong results. Sometimes. I rewrote my query using UNDER_PATH() with level specified , so eliminated need in DEPTH() function - in this case results are stable - so my business need is resolved, but i still would like to know - what are the reasons for optimizer to switch the plan ( and how it can be avoided). I got actually update from Oracle Support ( this guy saw my testcase in webconference ) - he couldn't reproduce it as well, but his environment was as by Dimitre on Solaris. I think , this can be however plattformdependent - for sure i could reproduce it on 10.2.0.1/10.2.0.2 on linux and for Oracle XE on linux and windows, 188.8.131.52/7 produces always correct results ( in my tests ).
Best regards
-- http://www.freelists.org/webpage/oracle-lReceived on Tue Aug 01 2006 - 12:50:53 CDT
Original text of this message


text: The Sandhills Campus is extremely secure. Access to our buildings is only available during school hours, maintained by a locked gate to the campus. All of our doors remain locked during the day to ensure the safety of our students. During school hours visitors must ring the doorbell at the front of school and sign in at the front desk.


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There are exciting organizations around the country advocating for diversity and access for artists of all genders, race, and abilities. In PAAL's programs, our goal is to continually integrate parent artists into the conversation of equity, diversity, and inclusion, and that means staying connected with those at the forefront of the conversation.
The following list is a selection of organizations dedicated to EDI in the performing arts, and each provides a plethora of resources within. By networking and connecting, we can increase the amount of opportunity and support provided to you.
Employment Opportunity and Resources
Statera, deriving its name from the Latin word for balance, works to expand employment options, improve salary, and remove barriers to growth and achievement through mentorship, research, engagement, education, networking, and support.
StateraArts National Mentorship Opportunity
Mentorship is at the core of Statera's mission of taking positive action to bring women [transgender and non-binary inclusive] into full and equal participation in the arts. A flourishing mentor relationship helps both mentor and mentee organize their professional challenges, nurture their creative ideas and activate their personal gifts. Statera works to connect women artists interested in moving beyond the very real obstacles that sometimes lie between our goals and our opportunities.
Articles on Employment and Achievement
WomenArts | Women's Employment in the Arts
WomenArts is dedicated to educating the public about the continuing problems of gender bias in the arts. Not only do women suffer by being shut out, but the culture as a whole is poorer when it is deprived of the vision and creativity of women artists.
Conferences for Equity
StateraArts Conference (NYC 2019)
The Statera conference is all about intersectional gender balance and our goal is to take positive action to bring women* into full and equal participation in the American Theatre.
Consulting Provision
artEquity offers training and consulting services to individuals and organizations on creating and sustaining a culture of equity and inclusion through the arts and culture. Training topics address structural and systemic issues of identity, power-sharing language and communication, team building, and strategies to initiate and normalize equity-based approaches in organizational and community culture.
Gender Parity and Diversity
50 50 by 2020
A space (founded by Shonda Rhimes) for working towards equity in Hollywood by the year 2020. Their website includes statistics, resources, and a call to action.
AGE Advance Gender Equity in the Arts
Advance Gender Equity in the Arts (AGE) is a Portland, Oregon-based social justice movement founded in 2014 to advance intersectional gender equity in the arts. AGE is committed to advancing equity, diversity and inclusion in the arts through grants, advocacy, community outreach, and activism.
Anti-Violence Project
The Anti-Violence Project empowers lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and HIV-affected communities and allies to end all forms of violence through organizing and education, and supports survivors through counseling and advocacy.
Gender Pronouns Guide
A deep-dive guide created by the University of Wisconsin Milwaukee about pronoun use, gender inclusive pronouns, and a history of gender inclusive pronouns.
The Lilly Awards
The Lilly Awards were started in the Spring of 2010 as an outlet to honor the work of women in the American theater. In partnership with the Dramatists Guild, The Lilly Awards have gathered resources and conducted a national survey simply called The Count that accurately showcases which theaters are producing the work of women, and which are not. The Lilly Awards Foundation is dedicated to honoring the work of women in the American theater.
National Center for Transgender Equality
The National Center for Transgender Equality is the nation's leading social justice advocacy organization, creating life-saving change for transgender people. The NCTE also provides resources for transgender people and allies.
National Women's Law Center
A national legal network to combat gender discrimination.
SAGE – Advocacy & Services for LGBT Elders
SAGE is a national advocacy and services organization that's been looking out for LGBT elders since 1978. They build welcoming communities and keep LGBT issues in the national conversation to ensure a fulfilling future for all LGBT people.
Race Advocacy and Diversity
Catalyst Project
Catalyst Project is a center for political education and movement building based in the San Francisco Bay Area. They are committed to anti-racist work with the goal of deepening anti-racist commitment in white communities and building multiracial left movements for liberation. They are also committed to creating spaces for activists and organizers to come together to develop relevant theory, vision, and strategy to build anti-racist movements.
SURJ – Showing Up for Racial Justice
SURJ is a national multi-racial movement to undermine white support for white supremacy and to help build a racially just society.
UNDOING RACISM – The People's Institute for Survival and Beyond
The People's Institute for Survival and Beyond (PISAB) focuses on understanding what racism is, where it comes from, how it functions, why it persists and how it can be undone. Our workshops utilize a systemic approach that emphasizes learning from history, developing leadership, maintaining accountability to communities, creating networks, undoing internalized racial oppression and understanding the role of organizational gate keeping as a mechanism for perpetuating racism.
WOCA – Women of Color in the Arts
Women of Color in the Arts is dedicated to creating racial and cultural equity in the performing arts field, by promoting professional opportunities for arts administrators and providing a platform to give voice and visibility to women of color.
Sexual Harassment Rights and Advocacy
Equal Rights Advocates
A national legal enforcement organization with helplines and online "Know Your Rights" materials including a Sexual Harassment in the Office Toolkit.
On January 12th at New Dramatists, a meeting was held of members of the theater community, including representatives from the Dramatists Guild of America, the Actor's Equity Association and the Stage Directors and Choreographers Society. Three proposals for change and enhancement of existing procedures were generated and discussed.
Ability Diversity and Advocacy
National Disability Rights Network
Protection and advocacy for individuals with disabilities.
Grassroots Network for the Arts
USDAC – United States Department of Arts & Culture
The U.S. Department of Arts and Culture is a people-powered department—a grassroots action network inciting creativity and social imagination to shape a culture of empathy, equity, and belonging. The USDAC offers multiple programs and resources. Below you'll find two free guides for citizen artist/activists.
- Art Became the Oxygen: An Artistic Response Guide links readers to more than 150 amazing projects across the U.S., offering guidance on how to take constructive, welcome artistic action in response to emergency, disaster, or crisis.
- Art & Well-Being: Toward a Culture of Health is for every day, not only emergencies. Asking what art can do to nurture a culture of health, it covers prevention—Art can shine a light on essential truths about our individual and collective well-being. Advocacy—Art can advocate for the rights of those facing health challenges. And treatment: Art can engage, serve, partner, and support those living with health challenges.


text: 31 October 1940 On this day the last daylight raid by the Germans take place in the UK. It's the end of the Battle of Britain. However night-time attacks continue throughout the winter of 1940-41 only ending when the Luftwaffe move east in preparation for their attack on the Soviet Union. Battle timeline 9 Important Dates In The Battle Of Britain


text:
The writer talks about Notre Dame's running game, then piles on with rushing yards and rushing touchdowns. This can be re-written this way:
And the defense was manhandled by Notre Dame's running game, which piled up 212 yards and three touchdowns in a victory that was never in doubt.
More editing/writing blog entries
Blog entries on The Auto Racing Journal:
(a book of great stories about the Intimidator)
(the book of great NASCAR stories)
More blog entries by Tom Gillispie
Anecdotes by Tom Gillispie


text:
[Photograph 2012.201.B1359.0660]
Description: Photograph used for a newspaper owned by the Oklahoma Publishing Company. Caption: "Bandleader Lawrence Welk, left, returned to his native North Dakota Saturday to receive an honorary Doctor of Music degree from North Dakota State University in Fargo."
Date: unknown
Creator: Associated Press
Item Type: Refine your search to only Photograph
Partner: Oklahoma Historical Society


text:
James Shelby Downard
From Kook Science
|James Shelby Downard
|13 March 1913
Ardmore, Oklahoma
|16 March 1998 (85)
James Shelby Downard, Jr. (March 13, 1913 - March 16, 1998) was an American conspiracy theorist, particularly notable for his assertion that the assassination of United States President John F. Kennedy was a Masonic ritual sacrifice, the "Killing of the King." [Alternately, Downard may not have existed at all, and is simply a pseudonym used by authors working at Feral House Publishing.]
- Downard, James Shelby; Hoffman II, Michael A. (1987), "King Kill/33°: Masonic Symbolism in the Assassination of John F. Kennedy", in Parfrey, Adam, Apocalypse Culture, Portland, OR: Feral House, http://amzn.to/2dIifbA
- Downard, James Shelby (1993), "Sorcery, Sex, Assassination, and the Science of Symbolism", in Keith, Jim, Secret and Suppressed: Banned Ideas and Hidden History, Venice, CA: Feral House, http://amzn.to/2eqqB9d
- Downard, James Shelby (2006), Freeland, Elena, ed., The Carnivals of Life and Death: My Profane Youth: 1913-1935, Los Angeles, CA: Feral House, http://amzn.to/2djt9Eo


text:
A series of proposed changes in the way the state handles human-trafficking and sexual-exploitation cases involving minors received unanimous approval Monday from the House Children, Families & Seniors Subcommittee.
Under the legislation (HB 1383), the Department of Children and Families would expand the assignment of caseworkers --- called multi-disciplinary staffing --- to all victims of "commercial sexual exploitation" under the age of 18.
It also would require DCF to offer service plans including information on shelter facilities, counseling and treatment services, and employment training.
The measure also would require follow-up visits from DCF or the local sheriff's office within six months of a plan's issuance to determine whether services have been received.
Bill sponsor Jeanette Nunez, R-Miami, said the bill comes after a July report that recommended changes in response to an increase in the level of verified and alleged cases of trafficking.
The report was done by the state Office of Program Policy Analysis and Government Accountability, or OPPAGA.
Nunez said the measure's enhanced reporting requirements would provide better data for the state to monitor the prevalence of commercial sexual exploitation.


text:
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Tag: punk
Listen: Daft Punk's 10 Minute "Get Lucky" Remix
Watch: Evolution of "Get Lucky"
Review: Random Access Memories – Daft Punk
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