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I had visited the beautiful fort of Jaisalmer as a kid and I remember my mother mentioning Shonar Kella or the Golden Fortress, a mystery novel written by Bengali writer and filmmaker Satyajit Ray. After many years I visited this fort with my children and it brought back such lovely memories.
Are you planning a visit to the "Golden City" of Jaisalmer? In this post read about yellow sandstone architecture, things to eat, what to wear, how to stay safe & places to visit in Jaisalmer.
If you want to experience the charm of the land that can serve as a backdrop for the fairytales full of golden palaces, sand dunes, and romantic landscapes, Jaisalmer is the place to go.
One of the most beautiful cities of the Indian state of Rajasthan, Jaisalmer, is the place frequented by travelers for getting the taste of the only desert in India- Thar desert which is spread over 200,000 sq km.
I had always wanted to visit Jaisalmer for its vast desert and sand dunes. During my stay, Jaisalmer made me feel like I had traveled back into time.
Havelis, ancient temples, street markets bustling with people clad in colorful traditional outfits speak of the old times and place where life seemed unhurried. I loved strolling through the streets and exploring most of the places walking around in the city.
Why is Jaisalmer called Golden City?
Jaisalmer is also known as the golden city because of the yellow sandstone that is found in the area and is used vastly for construction. Sand dunes also add to the golden hues of the city.
Most of the buildings are made up of yellow sandstone, lending the city a golden hue. It looks like a place brought into life right out of a fairytale. Located in the Thar desert of Rajasthan, it used to be a famous trade center.
There is a charm in this city that makes you slow down your pace and not rush into things.
How many days are sufficient for Jaisalmer?
2 to 3 days are sufficient to explore the fort, havelis, museums and to enjoy the desert safari. In case you plan to visit nearby towns or experience village life in the thar desert, that may need some additional time.
What is Jaisalmer famous for?
Jaisalmer is famous for its fort and havelis which are stunning architectural marvels, for desert safaris and rich cultural heritage. It attracts photography enthusiasts and history lovers from all over the world with its captivating landscapes and monuments.
It contains everything a keen-eyed photographer will ever need. Many museums and art galleries have recently sprung up that give an insight into the cultural heritage and local life of the people. Some activities and places that are must-do and must-visit in Jaisalmer, are listed below.
Rajasthan has it all – Palaces, forts, desert, camels, elephants, and perhaps even snake charmers. Here are 10 awesome tourist places that you shouldn't miss to visit in Rajasthan, India.
Jaisalmer Fort
The magnificent structure of yellow sandstone that stands strong in this desert city, is often known as the Golden Fort or Sonar Quila. It is one of the living forts in the worlds as many local people still live inside the fort. The fort was built by the Bhati Rajput ruler Maharawal Jaisal in 1155 AD and it's a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Despite facing several attacks by foreign invaders, it managed to survive and stand strong. It houses many old Hindu temples, Jain temples, houses, and havelis. The Palace houses a wonderful museum that showcases arms, dresses, ornaments, utensils of the royal kingdom. Many tourists choose to book their stay inside the fort but it is considered unethical because the building is getting old and it is no more able to support additional burden of people staying in. With more people staying in and due to lack of maintenance, the condition of the fort is deteriorating.
Opening and closing time: 9 AM to 6 PM
Address: Fort Road, Near Gopa Chowk, Khejer Para, Manak chowk, Amar sagar Pol, Jaisalmer
Contact No. 2992252981
Website: www.tourism.rajasthan.gov.in
Jain temples
These temples date back to 15th and 16th centuries and are situated inside the Jaisalmer Fort complex. There is a group of seven temples dedicated to different Jain Tirthankars. The biggest temple among these is the Parsvanath temple, others being Rishabhdev temple, Chandraprabhu temple, Shitalnath temple, Kunthanath temple, Sambhavanth temple and Shantinath temple. These temples are built out of yellow sandstone and carvings on the intricate carving on the stones is very attractive. These temples are famous for their architecture and as pilgrimage centre for Jains.
Opening and closing time: 8 AM to 3 PM. Entry for foreigners after 11 am
Address: Khejer Para, Manak chowk, Amar sagar Pol, Jaisalmer
Contact No. 8003094507
Patwon ki Haveli
Patwon ki haveli is considered to be one of the most popular places to visit in Jaisalmer. It is a cluster of a few havelis constructed by Ghuman Chand Patwa in 1805. He constructed five separate sections for his five sons. The entire mansion is made up of yellow sandstone. It is a magnificent piece of architecture famous for its stone carvings, wall paintings, jharokhas, doorways, balconies. A part of this haveli has been converted into museum for visitors that displays a vast collection of antique pieces, furniture, decorative items etc. Another section houses items of traditional art and craft work of the local craftsmen.
Opening and closing time: 8 AM to 6 PM
Address: Amar sagar Pol, Jaisalmer
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Salim Singh ki Haveli
Salim Singh ki haveli was built in 1815 CE by Salim Singh who was the Prime Minister of the kingdom. The architecture of the haveli is inspired by the dancing peacock. It has five storeys and the structure is narrow at the first floor and the upper storeys spread out with the gracefully arched balconies.
Two huge stone carved elephants are placed at the entrance of the haveli. Imperial paintings adorn the walls of the haveli. It is said that Salim Singh wanted this place to be as high as the king's palace and added two wooden storeys to it. The king didn't like it and got those destructed.
Opening and closing time: 8 AM to 5 PM
Address: Amar sagar Pol, Jaisalmer
Nathmalji Ki Haveli
Nathmalji ki Haveli was constructed by Maharawal Berisal in 1885 CE which was to serve as residence for Diwan Mohata Nathmal, the then Prime Minister of Jaisalmer. The construction work was given to two brothers who started from two different ends of the building.
The end result was two similar but non-identical sides. The haveli reflects and amazing amalgamation of Rajput and Islamic architecture. The beautiful carvings on the jharokhas and balconies resemble magnified pieces of intricately carved jewellery. Walls are adorned with the pictures of flowers, cattles, horses etc.
Opening and closing time: 8 AM to 5 PM
Address: Amar sagar Pol, Jaisalmer
Camel ride
A ride on the camel-back is a must do to experience the desert life of Jaisalmer. Often camel ride a part of the complete package of desert safari. I had my first experience of camel ride in Jaisalmer.
I still remember the name of the camel that I rode on was 'Rocket'. The ride may seem a little scary initially but soon you start enjoying the bumpy ride. I felt like a happy kid and enjoyed every moment of it. You just have to be careful and hold strong when the camel gets up and sits down.
Gadsisar Lake
This is a manmade lake built in the 14th century by the then Maharaja of Jaisalmer, Maharwal Gadsi Singh. It was used as a water conservation tank and supplied water to the entire town.
It's a popular tourist spot where you can rent paddle boats in the water. The lake is surrounded by many shrines and temples. It becomes a festival spot during Gangaur celebrations. The place looks very picturesque at sunset. Many migratory birds can also be seen around the lake.
Folklore museum
This museum is situated on the banks of the Gadsisar lake. It was founded in 1984 by a local connoisseur. N.K. Sharma. It is a good place to know about the traditions, culture and life of the local people.
The museum exhibits a vast collection of costumes, paintings, jewelry and other lifestyle items. Many such other museums can also be found in the city that adds to the knowledge of travellers about this place and its history.
Opening and closing time: 8 AM to 7 PM
Address: Gadsisar Lake, Jaisalmer
Bara Bagh
This is a place with many cenotaphs in a big garden. These cenotaphs were erected in honour of the rulers of the city from 16th to 20th century. The oldest cenotaph belongs to Maharawal Jait Singh. Many cenotaphs were built later on by the subsequent rulers.
Maharaja Jawahar Singh was the ruler who reigned after India's independence and the last cenotaph to be built was dedicated to him. It remained incomplete as his son who ascended the throne after him, died within one year of his ascension. This was considered a bad omen and since then the tradition of erecting cenotaphs at bada bagh was discontinued.
Opening and closing time: 8 AM to 6 AM
Address: Ramgarh road, Jaisalmer
Jaisalmer War Museum
This museum is located at the Jaisalmer Military Station on the Jaisalmer- Jodhpur Highway. It's a must visit place for people who are interested in history, Indian Army and it's soldiers. It was established by the Indian Army in 2015 and was inaugurated by Lieutenant General Ashok Singh on 24th August.
The museum is spread over an area of 10 acres. Along with war trophies, weapons, equipment and military vehicles, the museum showcases tales of bravery and sacrifice of heroes of the wars. There is an audio-visual room where movies about battles are screened.
Opening and closing time: Open everyday 9 AM to 6 PM
Address: Jaisalmer- Jodhpur Highway, Jaisalmer
Contact No: 9116113959
Rooftop Restaurants
Like many other tourist destinations in Rajasthan, rooftop restaurants are very popular among tourists in Jaisalmer. During the day you get the view of the city and Jaisalmer fort which converts into 'meal under the stars' at night. Tourists like to spend their time here in the open area with a view of the city and fort in the backdrop.
The Lal Garh, Restaurant Romany, Pol Haveli restaurant, Pleasant Haveli are some of the popular places to eat and hang out. There are many restaurants that provide wide variety of food like Indian, chinese, continental etc. catering to all budgets.
Jaisalmer Desert Festival
This is an annual event that is organized for three days during the month of February in Jaisalmer. The festival is celebrated amidst the dunes of the desert. It exhibits the traditional culture of Rajasthan.
It gives the tourists a chance to look at the real culture of this place very closely and be a part of it during these three days.
Tourists from India and all over the world attend this festival to enjoy this extravagant event. Folk dances, local music, art, camel races, turban tying competition, and mustache competition adds to the fun of this festival. Many live performances are hosted under the night sky of the desert.
Glamping or desert camping
If you are the kind of traveller who prefers to stay at luxurious places wherever you go, Glamping or glamorous camping under the stars in the desert is an experience not to be missed. Spend a night sleeping in the desert looking at the constellations.
Camps in the desert provide almost every amenity like bed, bathroom, meals, running water etc. There is a lot of competition and almost every hotel provides packages for desert camping, safari etc to its guests. Ask about all the details of the package, what's included in the price and what's not.
Tanot Mata temple
This temple is situated 120 km north west of Jaisalmer in Thar desert. Tanot Mata is believed to be a reincarnation of Goddess Hinglaj. Located near Longewala, the temple is a sacred place for the Border Security Force and is well maintained by them. This temple became famous due to the belief that during 1965 war with Pakistan, many bombs landed in the temple but did not explode. It is now a tourist destination but tourists can not go beyond this temple.
Kuldhara is an abandoned village situated at a distance of 32 km from Jaisalmer. It used to be a prosperous village inhabited by Paliwal Brahmins. Popular belief about this village is that the then minister Salim Singh wanted to marry a girl of this village and issued an ultimatum the to villagers to succumb to his demands or face circumstances. The villagers collectively abandoned the village overnight and cursed this place to never become an inhabited place again.
It is a small village in the Jaisalmer district which is famous for Jain temples and other historical monuments. It is located at a distance of 15 km from Jaisalmer city. Lodurva was the ancient capital of the Bhatti dynasty till 1156 AD when Rawal Jaisal shifted the capital to Jaisalmer. There are a number of temples dedicated to different jain tirthankars. Most of these monuments are in ruins now but there is no doubt that in older times they stood in all their beauty and grandeur.
How far is desert from Jaisalmer?
Desert is around 42 km away from the city of Jaisalmer. Many travel agents and tour operators provide daily excursions to the desert from Jaisalmer. You can also opt to stay overnight in the desert camps.
What is the best time to visit Jaisalmer?
Winter season, that spreads from November to February, is the best time to visit Jaisalmer. Days are filled with sunshine and are pleasant. Nights may get very chilly and temperature may vary from 24 degrees Celsius during daytime to 7 degrees Celsius at night. Tourist season starts from October and lasts till March.
What can I buy in Jaisalmer?
Shopping in the streets of Jaisalmer has its own rustic charm. Be it the bohemian jewelry, antique pieces, precious jewelry, traditional cloths, silk scarves, shawks, embroidered handbags, wall hangings with mirror work, leather items, puppets or kathputlis, carpets, paintings, shoes, souvenirs, you can find it all here.
You would not be able to resist shopping looking at so many attractive things at display in the shops and street markets. Sadar Bazar, Bhatia Bazar, Pansari Bazar, Manak chowk are some of the popular markets for shopping. If you are interested in buying some precious jewelry like gold, silver or precious stones, Sonaron ka Baas is the place to go to.
Bargaining skills come handy while shopping in the local bazaars and streets. Have a look at various shops and variety of things available, compare prices and products, do some bargaining and then buy. It's almost impossible to return from Jaisalmer without buying anything from these markets.
If this is your first trip to India you will find these posts helpful:-
- 30 Breathtakingly Beautiful Destinations in India that you should not miss visiting!
What is desert safari in Jaisalmer? How far is Sam sand dunes from Jaisalmer?
A desert safari is an adventure activity in desert that includes camel ride on the sand dunes and/or jeep safari along with other activities like folk music, dances, village tour, parasailing, drinks, meals. It can be customised for a few hours to many days as per your preferences or you may choose to go with other travellers in a group. The price for desert safari starts from around 1000 rupees per person and goes up according to the number of days and activities involved.
Sam sand dunes are situated at a distance of approximately 42 km from Jaisalmer. A trip to Sam sand dunes can be arranged through any travel and tour operators in Jaisalmer. They provide all the facilities like pick up and drop, stay, meals etc.
Is Jaisalmer safe for tourists?
Yes, Jaisalmer is very safe for tourists. Many tourists from India and foreign countries regularly visit Jaisalmer. Travellers loitering in the streets and other tourist spots in the city, is a very common sight here. Being located near to the Pakistan border, there is a military base and a lot of security near the border areas. Visitors are not allowed to wander around sensitive areas.
These posts will help you plan your trips so that you stay safe and healthy.
- Travel First Aid Kit: Advice from a Wanderlust Doctor.
- Travelers Diarrhea is a threat to all travelers – Read causes, symptoms, how to avoid and recommendations by a Doctor on if infected how to treat the Delhi Belly.
What should you wear in Jaisalmer?
Jaisalmer is a city that has kept its culture alive. You can find local women wearing traditional Indian outfits that can be purchased from the markets of the city. You can wear clothes that cover you decently and your shoulders, legs, cleavage is not exposed.
Opt for light breezy clothes during summer and carry some woolens if traveling during winter.
Due to the harsh sun during the day, one should protect the skin and head from direct heat. It's good to cover the head with a scarf or hat and wear sunglasses with UV protection. When in the desert, wear open toe sandals because a lot of sand gets inside shoes.
Does Jaisalmer have an airport?
Yes. Jaisalmer Airport is located 17 km southeast of Jaisalmer in Rajasthan. The airport operated as a civil enclave on an Indian Air Force Base. It has regular or six days flights to Mumbai, Delhi, Jaipur, Ahmedabad, Surat, and Jodhpur.
One should check for the latest updates about the Jaisalmer airport before planning. Its operations often get affected due to security reasons being at the border and Indian Air Force Base.
The other nearest airport is Jodhpur Airport which is located at a distance of around 275 km from Jaisalmer.
Jaisalmer is also a famous location for film shoots. Many movies like 'Hum dil de chuke sanam', 'Bajrangi Bhaijan', 'Badshaho', 'Airlift', 'Parmanoo' etc have been shot here. Jaisalmer is also getting popular as a destination for pre-wedding and post-wedding shoots. Golden sand, clear blue skies and lots of picturesque locations attracts photographers and travellers to this land.
Spend a night under the open sky counting stars, satisfy your adventurous soul with Jeep safari and parasailing in the desert.
To me, Jaisalmer is not a place that I can get over with ever. I would love to revisit this place, not for any specific thing but for the vibes I get when I'm there and for being surrounded with so much of well-preserved history, culture, art and architecture.
If this is your First trip to Rajasthan, you will find these posts helpful as well:-
- The Great Wall of Kumbhalgarh Fort is 36km long and is the second largest wall after the Great Wall of China.
- Often referred to as the 'Venice of the East', Udaipur is a popular tourist attraction in Rajasthan, India.
- The Ranakpur temple (1439 AD) in Rajasthan, India is an Architectural Masterpiece.
- A whiff of royalty, folk dance, breathtaking sand dunes, and most importantly a bright yellow sun makes Rajasthan in India a sort after winter Destination. Here are 10 awesome tourist places to visit in Rajasthan, India.
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Neutra Hipster
Neutra Hipster
A California-cut hipster inspired by modern architecture. Strappy insets create a graphic cutout effect. The front has a smooth, clean finish; the back is designed to stay in place.
Pairs well with a golden tan. Galet EcoLux is a superfine matte jersey with superior stretch, made locally in California from recycled nylon fiber.
Made in USA
83% Recycled Nylon + 17% Lycra

subset: commoncrawl


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TfL To Change Legislation In Order To Suit Private Hire Ride Share Apps.
After the recent exposes from Tim Fenton, which shows us that not only have Uber been operating illegally all along, but that TfL knew about this, did and said nothing in a massive cover up.
We now find that TfL are actively changing the regulations to suit Ride Sharing App companies.
Can't confirm to existing legislation....no problem we'll just change it to suit you !
TfL has published a new policy statement setting out how private hire and ride-sharing services can operate in the Capital :-
This is in response to changes in the private hire industry and the many new services being offered.
It has been designed to ensure London remains the world leader in regulating taxi and private hire services while maintaining the safety of passengers.
The private hire and ride-sharing market has been transformed in recent years as new technology has made it easier and cheaper to book rides through apps, resulting in a significant increase in the number of people opting to use private hire services. An increasing number of services are also emerging in London that include ride-sharing, in which passengers share vehicles and pay separate fares.
Current legislation was introduced before these technologies were developed and TfL recognises the need for clarity on what is now required to ensure the highest possible standards are maintained.
Helen Chapman, 'Interim' Director of Licensing, Regulation and Charging, said: 'The private hire market is unrecognisable from when current legislation was introduced. The growth of ride-sharing and other advances mean that regulation has to be fit for the next decade and not the last.
Our vision sets out clearly how we will manage these new developments that improve convenience for customers, while ensuring safety remains our top priority. The document also makes clear that any new developments in the sector have to fit with the objectives of the Mayor's Transport Strategy.'
With companies illegally licensed, passenger sexual attacks including rapes from PH drivers up by 50%, data hacking, tracking passengers after they've left the vehicle, the GreyBall program, customer credit card fraud and massive increases in road traffic accidents, TFL's record to date is shockingly poor!
TfL is already progressing new regulations to assess private hire drivers and applicants on safeguarding, disability, equality and knowledge of private hire legislation as part of an enhanced driver assessment package.
It is also already considering proposals
for consultation in relation to an advanced driving test, private hire operator fleet insurance and private hire vehicle signage, and the impact of removing the Congestion Charge exemption for private hire vehicles.
To ensure regulation keeps up with the rapidly evolving private hire sector, licences may be issued for shorter periods during the programme of regulatory reform. Any advances in convenience for the customer have to be accompanied by the appropriate protections for passengers.
Taxi Leaks Extra Bit :
There have been calls for motorbikes to be able to use the capitals new system of segregated cycle lanes in order to bring down the shocking number of fatalities to riders and passengers.
Can't wait to see the reaction from the cycle lobby when they find out they may have to share their cycle super highways with scooters, mopeds and motorbikes.
from Taxi Leaks http://ift.tt/2HAFnEH
via IFTTT http://ift.tt/2FEJ681 $10 FREE NOW TO START AND EARN MORE ON AUTOPILOT http://ift.tt/2zopSjz


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An optimist sees a glass as half full; a pessimist sees it as half empty. A nihilist will dump the water from the glass and marvel at the emptiness. Bruce Thierry Cheung's Don't Come Back from the Moon is a study of such emptiness.
The Disaster Artist: The Lost (and Found) American Dream
The Disaster Artist tells the story of Greg Sistero (Dave Franco), an aspiring actor who dreams of Hollywood stardom. His whole world changes, however, when he joins forces with the mysterious (and untalented) Tommy Wiseau (James Franco) with the hopes of spurring one another on to fame and fortune. As the two struggle to find… [Read More]
War for the Planet of the Apes: Hail Caesar!
Hail Caesar. Directed again by Matt Reeves, War for the Planet of the Apes picking up 2 years after the events of Dawn and shows that the battle between humans and apes has escalated tremendously. With multiple casualties on both sides, Caesar (Andy Serkis) is determined to free ape-kind from the attacks of the humans'… [Read More]
3.26 Waging WAR FOR THE PLANET OF THE APES
This week on the show. Steve welcomes back Shelley McVea to battle Caesar and the WAR FOR THE PLANET OF THE APES! While a part of the original franchise, these latest Apes films have gone in an entirely new direction with an intense energy and focus on what it means to be 'human'. But does… [Read More]
11.22.63: Stephen King Takes on History
11.22.63, Stephen King's time-bending novel, has been adapted by Bridget Carpenter (Friday Night Lights, The Red Road) for Hulu. Now, available on Blu-ray, DVD, and Digital HD, 11.22.63 takes us on a twisty road from the present back to the 1960s in a darker Back to the Future. James Franco's Jake Epping suffers. His marriage has crumbled and his… [Read More]
True Story: What Is Truth?
In FOX's True Story, Jonah Hill and James Franco go sifting through the truth and lies of stolen identity, but this isn't a light-hearted look at someone messing with your credit scores. No, this is a film based on the real-life biopic of Michael Finkel (Hill), who finds that Christian Longo (Franco), an accused serial killer,… [Read More]
Wild Horses: The Prodigal Father
Westerns, and Robert Duvall films, are in short supply these days. So I was all to eager to dive into Wild Horses, a western film that Duvall wrote, directed, produced, and starred in with James Franco, Josh Hartnett, and Duvall's real-life wife, Luciana Duvall. What I found was a film that moves as fast as the… [Read More]


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How to Buy the Best Box Mod
Box mods represent the pinnacle of design among modern vaping devices. If you want a vaping device with all the latest features, you'll need to buy a box mod. If you want a device with the most power available, you'll need a box mod. If you want a device with the best battery life – you guessed it – you'll need a box mod. So called because the typical design resembles that of a small box, the box mod is the most popular vaping device among those who have used e-cigarettes for a while and demand the best from their vaping hardware. Box mods come in an enormous variety of sizes, styles and capabilities – not to mention price points. Choosing the right one can be difficult if you've never owned a box mod and have no basis for comparison. In this article, we'll provide the facts that can help you choose the best box mod for your needs.
Getting Started: Mechanical vs. Regulated Box Mods
The first thing that you need to know about box mods is that they come in two types: mechanical and regulated. Of the two, mechanical box mods generally cost less because they contain fewer components. A mechanical box mod has the connections for one or two batteries, threading for a tank or atomizer and a single mechanical switch to deliver power from the batteries to the atomizer – that's it. You can't adjust the output of a mechanical box mod; the batteries always transfer their full available voltage to the atomizer. In addition to being inexpensive, mechanical box mods are also durable. Since a mechanical box mod has no electronic components, there's almost nothing that can stop working. The fact that a mechanical box mod doesn't have electronic components drawing power from the batteries also means that it generates vapour instantly when you press the button.
You may get a lot for your money when you buy a mechanical box mod, but you don't get protection or flexibility. The electronics in a regulated box mod control the delivery of power to the atomizer, checking various parameters in the process to ensure that you can vape safely. A mechanical box mod can't inform you if your device is overheating or has a short circuit, for example; a regulated mod can. A regulated mod also lets you adjust the voltage or wattage of your device to get the temperature and volume of vapour that you want. With a mechanical box mod, changing the resistance of your atomizer coil is the only way to change the power delivery of your device.
For most vapers, buying a regulated box mod is the only logical solution. A mechanical box mod is a good alternative, though, for those willing to learn about e-cigarette battery safety and take responsibility for monitoring their own equipment.
Learn More: Guide to Buying Mechanical Mods in New Zealand
Fixed vs. Removable Batteries
If you decide to buy a regulated box mod, your next decision will be whether to buy one with a permanent internal battery or removable batteries. If you buy a mod that uses removable batteries, you'll likely need to buy the batteries separately – which means that you might pay a little more. In addition, box mods with fixed batteries are often smaller and lighter than those with removable batteries because accommodating removable batteries requires extra hardware such as battery doors with hinges. On the other hand, box mods with removable batteries have several benefits of their own. After a year or two of use, a lithium-ion battery stops holding a charge. When that happens with a fixed-battery mod, you'll have to dispose of the mod unless you're handy with a soldering iron. A removable-battery mod will keep right on working with a new set of batteries.
If you aren't sure which type of box mod is best for your needs, ask yourself how long you intend to use your next box mod. If you'd like to use it for more than a year, you should buy a box mod with removable batteries. If you tend to upgrade your vaping devices frequently, you might appreciate the smaller size of a fixed-battery mod.
How Much Power Is Enough?
Box mods range in power from under 100 watts to over 200 watts. Are 200-watt mods overkill for those who don't spend their spare time at cloud chasing competitions? Not necessarily; if you like to experiment with your vaping hardware, you might appreciate the extra headroom. The coils for the SMOK TFV12 Prince tank, for example, have suggested wattage ranges extending up to 120 watts. If you want to use the TFV12 Prince or another tank like it, would you rather have a device that strains to reach 120 watts or a device that can reach 120 watts without breaking a sweat? If the latter sounds like a better option, you need a box mod that can deliver plenty of power.
Blowing vapour clouds large enough to generate their own weather systems is plenty of fun, but using a high-power tank does have a drawback in that a box mod generally needs two batteries to reach power levels higher than 100 watts. Chasing clouds, in other words, requires a heavier and bulkier box mod. If you plan to place more modest demands on your box mod and expect to vape at power settings under 100 watts, a smaller single-battery box mod might be more to your liking.
To Squonk or Not to Squonk
Among box mod owners, "squonk" is the word of the year for 2018. A squonk mod has an internal e-liquid bottle that keeps an atomizer fed with e-liquid through a hollow tube running through the centre of the mod and atomizer. Squonk mods are generally only for those who use rebuildable dripping atomizers. You can modify an RDA for squonking simply by installing a hollow centre pin. Tanks, on the other hand, generally don't work with squonk mods. If you use an RDA and would like to vape all day without carrying a bottle of e-liquid for dripping, you should strongly consider buying a squonk mod.


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Species Profile Sections: Info, Discussions & Photos
Info Quick Care, Species Info, Aquarium Care & Photos
Discussions: Discuss this species with fellow hobbyists
DescriptionKi Bekko (Cyprinus carpio haematopterus)
Quick Care Facts
Care Level: Moderate
Temperament: Peaceful
Maximum Size: 28 - 40"
Minimum Pond Size: 500 gallons
Water Conditions: 55-79° F, 34-85° F temporary water conditions
Diet: Omnivore
Origin: Japan, selectively bred carp
Family: Cyprinidae
Species: Koi, Nishikigoi/錦鯉 (Japanese)
Aquarium Type: Pond
Ki Bekko Coloration and Characteristics
Ki Bekko are the rarest of three types of traditional Bekko Koi; however, lately the metallic equivalent of a Ki Bekko known as a Tora Ogon is being seen more and more. Ki Bekko have a lemon yellow body overlain with a stepping stone pattern of sumi (black) coloration balanced across the body of the fish.
The primary difference between a Ki Bekko and a Ki Utsuri is that the Ki Utsuri has large bands of black while Ki Bekko have only small patches of sumi (black) color. When selecting a Ki Bekko, look for any small black dots, as these will only darken and increase in size as the Koi ages. Depending on the amount of black and the location, these small black dots poking through may or may not be desirable.
The popularity of Bekko Koi has diminished some more recently, as the breed is quite underrepresented at most Koi shows. Although they may be hard to find, good specimens are truly stunning in their simplicity and beauty. Of the three types of Koi that are recognized as Bekko, only the Shiro Bekko is widely available, with both the Aka Bekko and Ki Bekko being much more rare.
The sumi on Ki Bekko has evolved fashionably in line with that of Sanke. Ten years ago, examples would have had a fairly heavy complement of tortoiseshell dappling, whereas today the sumi tends to be more sparsely distributed in smaller, yet balanced patches. It should be confined to the area above the lateral line, on the top side of the Koi.
- The judging standard now permits a little sumi on the head, as in Sanke, but the best examples have a clear face, with the black markings beginning at the shoulder.
- Ideally, the body of Ki Bekko should be a lemon yellow in color, overlain with deep sumi and offset with pure white or clear finnage, altogether creating a rather striking effect.
- Sumi patterning need not be symmetrical, but should be balanced overall. If the sumi is confined to one side of the Koi, the effect is not pleasing.
- Ki Bekko are allowed some black in the finnage, which tends to appear in blotches rather than stripes, although pure white pectoral fins are most pleasing.
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Tag Archives: jewelry
Everyday Physics: In Which We Explore Antoine Lavoisier's Law of Conservation of Mass
I'm the jewelry volunteer for Steeple People Thrift Store. Whenever anyone donates a watch or necklace or fancy hair barrette or ring or dental gold (!!!) or bracelet, the item gets dumped in a plastic tub labeled "jewelry". I haul … Continue reading
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Superfast broadband boost for South Gloucs
More than 2,000 new superfast broadband connections are to be delivered in South Gloucestershire.
Thousands of premises across South Gloucestershire are to benefit from the rollout of new superfast broadband connections in the coming months as part of ambitious new plans for the area.
The Gloucestershire Gazette reports a total of 17,000 homes and businesses are now expected to be covered under the scope of the first phase of plans for the rollout of high-speed broadband in the region - 2,000 more than had originally been earmarked.
John Goddard, chair of South Gloucestershire Council's resources sub-committee, commented that more communities are benefiting from the increased reach of superfast connectivity across the county and this can only be a good thing.
"We are already planning ahead towards the second phase of the rollout when even more communities will be able to benefit from having access to superfast speeds," he added.
Once the first phase of the project is completed, homes and businesses across the area will benefit from download speeds of up to 24 Mbps.


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3 course Christmas Day Menu 2019
£64.95pp. Includes a glass of Prosecco on arrival
Peat Smoked Chicken Liver Parfait, Red Onion Marmalade, Toasted Brioche, Cherry Puree, Pistachio Crumb (G*)(N*)
Haggis Trio – Sesame Breaded Haggis, Haggis in Puff, Haggis Filo, Neep Puree, Arran pepper Cream Sauce (G)
Bruschetta, Bocconcini Mozzarella, Basil Pesto, Pomodorino & Sundried Tomatoes & Drizzled Aged Balsamic(G*)((N)(V)
Hand-Dived Scottish King Scallops, Crisp Pancetta, Saffron Aioli
Ballotine of Roast Turkey Stuffed with Apricot & Chestnut* (N*)
Ballotine of Roast Goose Stuffed with Apricot & Chestnut* (N*)
Fillet Mignon*
Lobster Thermador*
*All above served with Rosemary & Thyme Goose fat potatoes, Haggis Chipolatas, Honey Glazed Parsnip & Carrot, Creamed Cabbage, Bacon, Kale & Sprouts, Cranberry, jus
Wild Mushroom & Winter Black truffle risotto – Trumpet, Chanterelles and Enoki Mushroom, Italian Winter Black Truffle shavings, Parmesan Crisp & Garlic Ciabatta (V)(G*)
Honeycomb Puff Candy, Meringue, Caramel, Pistachio Ice Cream (N*)
Hazelnut & Dark Chocolate Delice (N)
£10pp deposit required. Booking deposits are non-refundable. A 10% discretionary service charge will be automatically applied to tables of 4+
(V)Suitable for vegetarians, (N) Contain nuts, (G) Contains Gluten,(G *)/(N*)Gluten/Nut free on request


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Learn more about Andrew Johnson Building.
The Andrew Johnson Building is a high-rise office building in downtown Knoxville, Tennessee, United States. Completed in 1929, the 203-foot (62 m) structure was Knoxville's tallest building for nearly a half-century. The building was originally home to the Andrew Johnson Hotel, and is now used for office space by Knox County. In 1980, the Andrew Johnson Building was added to the National Register of Historic Places.
Named for President Andrew Johnson, the Andrew Johnson Hotel was Knoxville's premier hotel from the time of its completion through the 1960s. In its early years, the hotel was popular with foreign dignitaries visiting Knoxville to inquire about the newly created Tennessee Valley Authority, as well as with tourists en route to the newly created Great Smoky Mountains National Park. Country music singer Hank Williams spent the last night of his life at the hotel in 1952. The studios of WNOX, which played a role in the early development of country music, were located in the Andrew Johnson Building in the late 1930s, and musicians such as Roy Acuff became regional stars broadcasting from the building.
It is currently owned by BNA Associates, LLC
912 South Gay St.
Knoxville, TN 37902


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Uploaded on 21 August 2012 by dutchsinse
link to the story shown:
link to sheilaaliens video report from Louisiana: thanks to sheila for this !!!
Here is my previous video explaining what it happening generally — and what I believe to be the ultimate "cause" of this event . http://youtu.be/wcbLvO0-huQ
As I said in this original video , while showing examples on google earth off the coast of Louisiana.. the salt domes occur right next to one another, or even overlapping one another at some points.
It should be NO SURPRISE that the adjacent domes will be effected [damaged/fractured?] … thus producing NEW bubbles, eventually new collapses .
In order to understand why this all is happening .. one must understand the pressure on the craton is massive.. it is causing earthquakes at fracking locations due north in Arkansas, and just northwest in Oklahoma….. also earthquakes at locations just west in Texas (at drilling injection well sites)… move westward towards colorado/new mexico.. again earthquakes at fracking/injection well operations.. also the farther west you go, the more dormant volcanoes begin to show a rise in activity. Not even commenting right now on the "steam" activity in the SW USA.
The global unrest "event" is the culprit (overall). The fractured salt domes in the south USA are a symptom of the greater problem.
The 'greater problem' being the excessive pressure building on the North American Craton — pressure coming from the Pacific plate , which itself has gone into overdrive… also due to the global unrest "event".
Clearly we are seeing the North American EQ's occur at the drilled 'weak points' created along the edge of the plate — CO, NM, OK, AR, TX .. even VA, OH, PA, and southeast Canada near new brunswick…. again… these states have all experienced out of the ordinary earthquake activity this past year… which also shows the accelerating movement along the edge of the north american plate / craton.
The Louisiana salt domes are just the beginning — my best guess is that we shall see more developments in Louisiana, Mississippi, Florida coast.
One could say, at this point, underground salt dome storage might not have been such a good idea , the geologists were NOT counting on this global unrest "event" to occur anytime in this eon ….. the old saying "its not a matter of IF .. but WHEN"..
WHEN = NOW unfortunately .
WHAT is causing the global unrest "event" which is disturbing the pacific plate noticeably , then accelerating the movement of Laurentia , possibly increasing the speed of subduction, thus causing EQ's and salt dome ruptures along the edge of the perturbed plate?
Internal issues having to do with magma/core interaction? External issues having to do with the Sun? Man made issues having to do with frequency? Galactic causes? Extra-solar possibilities ?
No one knows thats for sure, and if they do. Surely, no one can say "nothing is happening out of the ordinary", when we're daily / weekly seeing news like this develop.


text: UPDATED: As much as I love Prezi, the problem is that I really use it in a way that requires my presence to animate the presentation. The acutal Prezi is never very useful to look at: mostly pictures and very abstract phrases that make sense if you hear me talk about it, but if not... well, it's sort of worthless. I keep saying I will go back and add notes, but I never do.


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This deck, patio and pergola project south of Norwalk features a deck using Azek's Harvest Island Oak as the primary field color and Vintage Dark Hickory as accent colors. Westbury aluminum rail in the bronze color compliments the coloring nicely. The cedar pergola above the deck provides shade on the deck. The concrete patio area below the provides even more shady space and a closer connection to the yard when your outdoor living takes you low.
Personally, though, we love the view form the top deck!
The Des Moines area's premier designer of decks, patios, pergolas, porches and all the amenities that go in and around them has been Archadeck of Central Iowa for over 15 years. Contact us to learn how more about how we can transform your outdoor living lifestyle.


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Rio's Copacabana Beach: Car Drives Into Pedestrians, At least 15 injured
An out of control hit the pedestrian crowded area on Copacabana Beach in Brazil which has injured at least 15 people in Rio de Janeiro on Thursday evening and one eight month old baby has dead while the driver of the car has been arrested by the police.
According to the state police that the black Hyundai car has gone out of control as driver told which hit the crowded area at beach, due to the crash of car one baby has been dead while more than fifteen people have injured which are transferred to hospital and police arrested the driver from the spot when he was trying to escape.
It is said by the driver that he was going on the Avenida Atlântica road where he lost his control on car because of unexpected crossing of a bike, due to this his car turned toward beach which hit the people while it is said by the police it is just an accident which is not did by want and they are investigating the case.
Seven adults along two children have taken to the nearby hospital which received serious injuries, according to the Brazil Police that this car crash is not a terrorist attack as in many Europe countries car hitting is proved to be planned accidents but this one is just a accident due to losing of control by car driver.
The police reported that when officers arrived at the beach they see a lot of regression on the bystander's faces for the driver's act but they caught the driver, people wanted to beat him but they prevented this act and now he is in the custody of police for more investigation while an eight year old baby has dead.


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Recycling, your responsibility
Recycling, your responsibility
KADENA AIR BASE, Japan -- Recycling is the responsibility of everyone here, and understanding the proper methods to recycle is vital.
Saving more than $1 million annually by recycling, Kadena conserves its natural resources and prevents the need to mine new resources which increases carbon emissions that destroys our natural habitats.
A year after the implementation of the new recycling, refuse policy, Kadena has produced results.
"Right now we are recycling at about 45 percent," said Vincent Adams, 718th Civil Engineering Squadron solid waste manager. "Our shared goal between workers on Kadena and residents in military housing is 55 percent by 2015 and 65 percent by 2020."
While continuing to follow that policy of properly separating recyclables and trash into clear trash bags it's important to know where each type of recyclable goes.
Recyclable materials should be separated into the following groups: plastics (including styrofoam); metals and glass; white paper; mixed paper, shredded paper separate from non-shredded (magazines, mail, cereal/soda boxes, books, newspapers, food can labels as long as it doesn't have plastic or bubble wrap attached) green waste (leaves and grass) and corrugated cardboard.
Items such as automotive batteries; electronic waste; large scrap metal pieces like lawnmowers (gas and oil drained), bicycles (tires and seat removed) BBQ grills (cleaned out); cooking oil in original container (used or unused); and tree branches less than 6 feet in length can be left curbside or taken to the recycle center (located at building 871 near Karing Kennels).
Adams also stressed the importance of cleaning and peeling off labels on cans, plastic bottles and containers.
Tires, propane tanks, motor oil, antifreeze and filters should be taken to an auto hobby shop or an Army and Air Force Exchange Service Station. Paint and excess household chemicals, toner cartridges, fluorescent bulbs, and batteries can be taken to an Eagle Hardware self-help facility.
"By recycling, Kadena is saving money, and generating funds for future environmental and energy initiatives which further reduce costs and pollution," he said. "The key is becoming more aware of the items we are buying so that we have less waste to begin with."
For more information on how to recycle or about the refuse and recycling program, contact the Kadena Recycling Center at 634-2833 or the 718th CES environmental office at 634-5425 or 2600. You can also visit their Facebook page at www.facebook.com/KadenaRecyclingProgram.
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I help Purpose-Driven Business Owners go from
Hidden Gem to Industry Rockstars
by identifying their interests, expertise, and value for their target audience
Is This You?
There is a Proven System
Over the past 15 years, from being laughed off American Idol to performing live with Ricky Martin and becoming a top-selling artist and inspiring TedX Speaker, I saw and met many people from all walks of life who went viral without intentionally trying to do something that is not them.
I know you hear how you may need to "pay your dues" by speaking for years for low or no fees, you need to find some amazing topic people haven't heard before, or how the speaking industry is dying. Although it is harder to break into the noise than before with public speaking, it is very doable.
So I'm here to share that there is a proven system for finding the right message at the right time, for the right audience. For you to understand this system, it takes a shift in perspective and mindset.
How do I know?
I spent years studying the world's top performers and public speakers in order to uncover their secrets to success. I applied these proven strategies into my own life to achieve my most ambitious goals.
In 2004, my first studio album "Inspiration" reached #1 on the independant Billboard charts.
My new TEDx talk called 'How American Idol made me more resilient' that has been viewed by tens of thousands of people around the world in less than a month.
I won the 2017 Small Business Marketer of the Year and the 2019 Outstanding Youth Award from Chinese Magazine.
I spoke for corporations such as such as Microsoft, AT&T, and RE/MAX and esteemed professional association conferences around the world.
When it comes to helping my clients, I expect them to become new success stories.
I want to them to have a mission worth spreading. Not just an idea worth spreading.
What Other People Are Saying…
Let's Work Together One-On-One To Become a Speaking Superstar
I'm offering a 12-week one-on-one coaching program for purpose-driven speakers, coaches and consultants who are looking to create captivating speeches and webinars that will help you get new clients, not just complements.
My coaching program includes:
During these sessions, you'll learn:
Here's How You Can Get Started
First, you'll need to jump on a 45-minute introductory call with me, so that we can both decide if we should work together. I'm only looking to work with passionate and purpose-driven, high-caliber people who are serious about making a massive impact in the world.
During our call, we'll discuss your current situation, goals, and any challenges you might be experiencing. And no, there won't be any hard sell or pressure to sign up.
If we decide that you're a good fit for coaching, then great! I'll start by putting together a customized action plan and coaching schedule designed to help you achieve your goals.
After completing 12-weeks of coaching, you will walk away with your own, captivating presentation that you can deliver online and offline to inspire audiences and generate leads, sales and clients. So, what are you waiting for?


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@article{IBB_ID_53785, author={Monti S, Pacelli R, Cella L, Palma G}, title={Inter-patient image registration algorithms to disentangle regional dose bioeffects}, date={2018 Mar}, journal={Scientific Reports}, year={2018}, fullvolume={116}, volume={116}, pages={1--8}, url={}, abstract={
Inter-patient elastic image registration (EIR) has been
recently exploited in Radiation Therapy to investigate regional dose
differences in patients classified according to a given radiation-induced
morbidity (RIM) end point. In this study we evaluated the overall impact of two
state-of-the-art EIR algorithms (B-spline and Demons) on the final output of a
voxel-based analysis, confirming that the regions of significant dose
differences associated with RIM are consistently highlighted by using each of
the algorithms.
}, keywords={, }, references={}, document_type={Journal Paper, }, affiliation={}, ibbaffiliation={1}, }


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Modders Guide
This page provides information for players looking to create mods for the game. We have separate guides for the Map Editor and Scenario Editor
Ashes of the Singularity gives you access to a powerful strategy game engine to create your own scenarios, objects and worlds. The designers have had a lot of fun creating scenarios for the game, and you will have access to the same features they had to create your own.
There is a lot to do in Ashes. But it was also built from the ground up to be mod friendly. Modders have access to the gameplay elements to change and tweak as they desire. This document will introduce some of what is possible, and we will make a map and a mod to take advantage of this.
This is not always going to be a managed and curated editor with limited options. You can mod the game the same way the developers make changes to the game. Editors are nice because they typically keep you from doing "bad" things. But they also keep you from doing incredibly good things. An editor only allows you to do the things the developer set up for you to change. With direct access to the files you can do things the developer never expected. Sometimes that turns out horribly (okay, a lot of the time that turns out horribly), but sometimes it turns out brilliantly. We believe power trumps ease of use.
- 1 Moddable Game Files
- 2 Creating New Units (Work-in-progress)
- 2.1 The Anatomy of a Unit
- 2.2 The AssetGroup File
- 2.3 The MeshDesc File
- 2.4 The Palette File
- 2.5 The TimelineSet File
- 2.6 Design Guidelines for the 3D Model
- 2.7 Texture Authoring Guidelines and Best Practices
- 2.8 Required Textures and How to Convert Them To DDS Format
- 2.9 The FBX File
- 2.10 Baking the Normals
- 2.11 Baking the Asset into the Game
- 2.12 Troubleshooting
- 2.13 When To Create Additional LODs
Moddable Game Files
Just as with the Map Editor, to enable the game modifications add the "-modding" (without the quotes) to the Launch Options for the game (in Steam, right-click the game, go to Properties, click Set Launch Options in the General tab). That will add a Modifications button to the main menu of the game. You will not be able to play multiplayer if you are using Mods.
The game supports modding the directories Modders would be most interested in. These are:
- GameCore- The home of the most critical files, definitions for all the games units, buildings, weapons, orbital abilties, etc. This directory isn't additive, you make changes by replacing the file you want to change with a new one. For example, if you want to modify the hit poitns on the Zeus your mod will need to include a new UnitTemplates.csv file with the hit point value for the Zeus changed.
- Maps- For adding new maps with the mod.
- Scenario- For adding new scenarios with the mod. It is possible to modify existing scenarios with mods (by using the same name as that scenario file) but adding new scnearios with new names will be more common.
- UI- So a modder can add new art refered to by the Scenario file.
- UIText- For adding or changing existing text. Files placed here are additive (they don't need to replace an existing file). If you want to change a text string from the base game just include that string in your new text file and it will overwrite it.
To create a mod add a directory in your My Games/Ashes of the Singularity - Escalation/Mods/ directory with the name of the mod you would like to use.
In the above example the name of the Mod is BalanceMod. There is an index.ashesmod file that is a text file that contains the details about the mod. When you start the game it will create a generic one for you but the format is as follows:
Name=Balance Mod
Author=Rob Brink
Description=This is a Balance mod that also includes the Weehawken Scenario.
This is purely informational, its what is displayed by the mod on the mod screen.
Note: Ashes can't use a file if it is locked. If you have a file open with Excel and try to start Ashes, the game will likely crash. Close the file before starting Ashes.
To use a mod go into the Modification screen from the main menu. You will see all of your Mods here and you can enable or disable them, and change the order they load in. This can also be changed by editing the My Games/Ashes of the Singularity - Escalation/Mods.ini file.
Notable Files for Modding
All files for modding are found in the Steamapps\Common\Ashes\Assets\ directory. Any text editor can be used, but I'd recommend using a free program called CSVed as it'll make viewing and modifying values much easier. (If using CSVed enable "Use Start Row as Column Captions)
The following files are the primary ones responsible for major gameplay changes:
- \GameCore\BuffTemplates.csv - Controls the value of Dreadnought buffs.
- \GameCore\BuildingTemplates.csv - Controls build time, cost, armor, HP, and more for all buildings.
- \GameCore\BuildingUpgrades.csv - Upgrade path for base defenses.
- \GameCore\DefaultPlayerAI.xml - Controls difficulty handicaps, personality types and armies built by the AI.
- \GameCore\Research.csv - Pricing of Quantum Upgrades.
- \GameCore\UnitPanel.csv - Controls the interface of build menus.
- \GameCore\UnitTemplates.csv - Controls build time, cost, armor, HP, and more for all units.
- \GameCore\WeaponVisual.csv - Controls visual weapon alignment and other weapon cosmetics.
- \GameCore\ModuleTemplates\BuildingModules\Sample.csv - Controls which weapons and ConstructionModules structures have.
- \GameCore\ModuleTemplates\UnitModules\Sample.csv - Controls which weapons, ConstructionModule and SteeringModules units have.
- \GameCore\ModuleTemplates\ConstructionModuleTemplates.csv - Controls which ConstructionLists a ConstructionModule uses.
- \GameCore\ModuleTemplates\DroneBayModuleTemplates.csv - Controls which drones or other units are spawned by units such as Drone Hives.
- \GameCore\ModuleTemplates\ResourceModuleTemplates.csv - Controls the amount of resources and storage generated by structures and upgrades.
- \GameCore\ModuleTemplates\SteeringModuleTemplates.csv - Controls the movement behaviour of units when engaging the enemy such as desired attack range.
- \GameCore\ModuleTemplates\WeaponModuleTemplates.csv - Controls rate of fire, range, targeting priority, damage, and everything else for all weapons. Orbital Abilities and healing weapons are also included here.
- \GameCore\ModuleTemplates\ConstructionLists\Sample.csv - Controls what units and structures are build able in a ConstructionLists.
- \Formations\FlockerTemplates.csv - Controls movement profiles for units.
- \Physics\RigidBodyTemplates.csv - Controls physics for units, affecting things such as pathing.
- \UIText\BuildingText.csv - Holds text strings used for in-game display of building names and descriptions
- \UIText\UnitText.csv - Holds text strings used for in-game display of unit names and descriptions
- \UIText\ModuleText.csv - Holds text strings used for in-game display of weapon modules and Orbital Abilities
- \UIText\Text.csv - Holds text strings used for game UI and other miscellaneous things.
File Mod Example
There are a lot of files, with a lot of fields that can be tweaked and changed. For this demo we are going to mess with my favorite file, UnitTemplates.csv.
In this screenshot I've opened UnitTemplates.csv with Excel, because it makes it easier for me to work with, but Excel isn't required. Notepad could be used to modify the file. If you use Excel remember to save it as a csv file.
There are a lot of fields that can be modified. In this screenshot we can see:
- Max HPs
- Max Energy
- Energy Per Second
- Armor
- Heal Rate
- Max Shields
- Shield Regen Rate
- Radar Radius
- Cost Metal
- Cost Data
- Cost Energy
- Cost Logistics
- Construction Time
Some of these fields aren't named the same as they are in game. Names change during the course of development, and we didn't want to go back and change all these definitions to match each time they do. Because of that you may have to experiment a bit to see how things match. For example, PHC_Smarty is the Smarty System, and Cost Data is actually the Radioactive cost of the unit. You can check out the translation tables in ..\Ashes of the Singularity\Assets\UIText\ directory to see how raw assets relate to in game assets.
Using this file alone, and just the things in this screenshot (there are many more fields in UnitTemplates.csv) we can dramatically alter the balance and design of the game. Let's use the above to create a new game variant I call the Swarm Mod.
I love the scale of Ashes, I love large battles. So this mod is going to make even larger battles possible and we are going to get into them fast. To do that I'm going to make the following changes:
I've reduced the Metal, Radioactives, Logistics and Construction time costs by 90%. I've reduce the Logistics costs of T1 units to 0 (so you can have as many as you want). With these changes factories should produce 10 units in the time it took to produce 1 before. As long as you can keep feeding the (dramatically reduced) resource costs, units should come out of factories in an endless stream, like a tower defense game on steroids.
There are a lot of ways to tweak this concept. I could have kept the Metal and Radioactive costs the same and then the player would be strongly incented to claim and upgrade regions to keep his factories fed. I could have just halved the costs rather than dropping them by 90%. I could have increased the resource gathering rates of upgraded metal and radioactive mines rather than lowering costs to incent players to invest in their regions.
But for this we are going crazy. Everything gets very cheap. Massive armies can be built from the start of the game. Those poor creeps won't know what hit them. And be prepared to be sieged by thousands of units.
This is 5 minutes into the game. I only have 2 factories putting out an endless stream of Brutes. I make an army out of them and in the time it takes to do that there are a bunch more waiting to be added. So I find that it works just as well to set the rally point of the factory to where I want to attack, so that my river of death flows out to destroy it.
The AI has adapted to the new lower costs and is meeting my endless streams with its own. Unlike me it has opted to go with some cheaply produced dreadnoughts. The game lasts for 45 minutes, and there is a battle waging between my endless armies and his at this chokepoint for nearly all of it. It isn't until I win more minor battles on some of outskirt regions (to take the resources which even at 90% off still become critical) and I send a strike force around to take out his factories that I cause his production chain to falter and begin to break through.
I had to adjust away from my typical Artemis (long range missile ships) to Nemesis (which are really good against enemy dreadnoughts) to be able to begin killing them faster than he could produce them. I also needed to invest heavily in anti-air Apollos to counter the AI's strike fleets of aircraft that nearly cost me the game.
Once the lines were broken I turned the biggest Ashes armada I had ever controlled against his Nexus. There were a lot of dreadnoughts fighting their way up that hill, and the explosions, missile trails and laser blasts cut through and won me the game.
Overall it is amazing how much game play can change with these changes. If I were to do it again I might keep the reduced cost overall, but maybe just 50% off rather than 90%. I liked the larger armies, but it was a crazy experience more like fighting a fire than playing chess.
If you decide to modify the csv files with a text editor (Notepad++ is my text editor of choice) you can do everything I was doing in Excel, it just isn't formatted into columns to be easy to read. Instead it is raw text like the following:
Modifying the files this way works, you just need to count the amount of fields, remembering that commas separate the fields (CSV stands for Comma Separated Values) to get to the right values.
Adding a new Map to a Mod
It is also possible to add a custom map to a Mod. The in-game map editor will always create a map in the default \Assets\Maps\<mapname> directory. To include that map in your mod, once created you'll need to move the entire map directory into your <ModName>\Maps directory. Once the map is in the mod directory and the game is restarted, the Map Editor will be able to edit the map directly from the mod directory.
Current Limitations (Ashes 2.7)
The Ashes developers are working to expand Modding support, however there are a few significant limtations to the existing modification support.
The following files from the Ashes \Assets\ directory are currently NOT modifiable.
- \Audio\: Contains the audio used for in game effects and voice overs.
- \Units\: Contains the models and textures for all the units in the game.
- \Buildings\: Contains the models and textures for all the buildings in the game.
Several gameplay features are currently drawn from game code and not able to be modified via the csv files:
- Dreadnought Upgrades
Values for Dreadnought upgrades such as the rate of regeneration or weapon damage can be modified, but changing the upgrades and their unlock sequence is not configurable.
- Orbital Abilities
Values for Quantum Upgrades such as the damage and cost can be modified via WeaponModules.csv, but changing the utility and availability is not configurable
- Quantum Upgrades
Values for the Quantum Upgrades such as the cost and bonus can be modified, but changing the utility and availability is not configurable
Safe Mode
If your Ashes instalation with Mods gets into a state where the game fails to load. It is possible to still load the game via safe mode. Safe mode will not load any mods, but will still present the user interface for enabling and disabling mods. You can open the interface, disable the offending Mod, and restart Ashes in the normal mode.
To start safe mode, select the option from the launch menu in steam, or add "-safe" to the command line arguments.
Creating New Units (Work-in-progress)
With Escalation 2.4, modders are able to introduce their own custom units into the game as mods.
Adding a new unit to Ashes can be a complicated process, so to make it easier for modders to follow along with this guide, we have provided a sample mod of a custom unit called the "Little Boy". The Little Boy <ref name="Little Boy">Little Boy - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Boy</ref>, named after the first atomic bomb deployed during World War II, is a Tier 1 unit that shoots nuclear warheads from its single turret.
Download the tools required to build a unit mod from here: http://downloads.ashesofthesingularity.com/AshesModdingTools.zip
Download the "LittleBoy" sample mod from here: http://downloads.ashesofthesingularity.com/AshesSampleMod.zip
The Anatomy of a Unit
In order for a unit to appear in-game, a series of data (used to configure the visual aspect of the unit) and texture files must exist in the mod's folder structure. These files are:
- {AssetName).FBX
- Textures (these are .dds files in various formats)
- Ambient Occlusion
- Diffuse
- Curvature
- World Space Normals
- Material Masks
- Team Color Masks
- {AssetName}.MeshDesc
- {AssetName}.Palette
- {AssetName}_TimelineSet.xml
- Unit.AssetGroup
The AssetGroup File
The MeshDesc File
The Palette File
The TimelineSet File
Design Guidelines for the 3D Model
- Unit of Measurement: Centimeters (as a point of reference, the Nemesis is 56.75 cm long)
- Ideal Triangle/Quad counts:
- T1 Units:
- T2 Units: 5,000 - 15,000 tris / 2,500 - 7,500 quads
- T3 Units: 40,000 - 60,000 tris / 20,000 - 30,000 quads
- T4 Units: 40,000 - 60,000 tris / 20,000 - 30,000 quads
- Buildings: 45,000 - 55,000 tris / 22,500 - 27,500 quads or less
- All models must be exported as a .FBX file with the triangulation option enabled. If the geometry is not triangulated, an error will be occur during the baking process.
- Each mesh should have its own UV sets.
- In general, every unique mesh should have it's own "palette" (which is represented as a record in an asset's .Palette file) and set of textures. Though, there are some cases where multiple meshes should share the same palette and texture files (i.e. a unit that has multiple guns that are identical).
- Each mesh is required to have a 2nd UV set. This 2nd UV set is used to map a faction specific overlay texture to the model. This overlay texture provides additional details to units (i.e hull patterns). More information about this 2nd UV set will be provided in later sections of this guide. Best practice is to have the 2nd UV set be a copy of the primary UV set. Whenever making changes to the UVs, be sure to reflect the changes in the 2nd UV set (this will likely involve deleting the existing 2nd UV set and recreating it as a copy of the 1st).
- Every model must have a top-level mesh called "Root". All other meshes (i.e. guns, turrets, arms, etc.) must be child meshes beneath this parent "Root" mesh.
Texture Authoring Guidelines and Best Practices
- Author your textures in 4K resolution (3840 x 2160) and scale them down from there when getting them into the game.
- It is advised to NOT use 4K textures for your units in-game as they will likely have a negative impact on the performace of the game due to the large amount of VRAM needed.
- Export your textures from whatever authoring software you are using (i.e. Maya, Substance Designer, etc.) in 3-channel (RGB, no alpha) .tif format.
- Ashes: Escalation expects all textures used in-game to be in .DDS format, but it is a good idea to maintain a "source" copy of your textures in .tif format as they're much easier to iterate on than .dds files. When you're ready to get your textures into the game, you should follow the process described in the following Required Textures and How to Convert Them To DDS Format section for how to generate the .dds version of your textures.
- The best size for your textures covering the main body portion of your new unit (most likely the "Root" mesh) is 2K.
- Of course, there is nothing to stop you from scaling textures down even further if they looks good enough in-game at a smaller size. But, 2K is a good starting point, and at the same time it is definitely a size you don't want to surpass.
- The textures for all the other parts of your unit that are small, like turrets, should be at least 1/2 the size of the main body textures. So, if your main body textures are 2K, your turrets should be no larger than 1K.
- If the turrets are small enough, it is a good idea to experiment with smaller sized textures, like 512 and 256.
- Be sure your textures are sized in increments of the power of 2 so that MIPs can be properly generated during the DDS conversion process.
Required Textures and How to Convert Them To DDS Format
The following textures are required to be defined in the unit's Palette file, and must have the provided DDS format:
- Ambient Occlusion - BC4_UNORM (ex. Root_AO.dds in the LittleBoy mod)
- Diffuse - BC7_UNORM (ex. Root_Color.dds in the LittleBoy mod)
- Curvature - BC5_UNORM (ex. Root_Curvature.dds in the LittleBoy mod)
- World Space Normals - R10G10B10A2_UNORM (ex. Root_Normals.dds in the LittleBoy mod)
- Team Color Masks - BC4_UNORM (ex. Root_TeamColor_MaskArray.dds in the LittleBoy mod)
- Material Masks - BC4_UNORM (ex. Root_Material_MaskArray.dds in the LittleBoy mod)
As a best practice, it is recommended that you export your textures from whatever graphics authoring tool you are using (i.e. Photoshop, Substance Designer, etc.) as .tif files WITHOUT the alpha channel. TIF files make a good medium for iterating on textures, as opposed to trying to make edits to the texture in DDS format (which can be difficult to do, depending on the format).
The Team Color Masks Texture
When setting up a Skirmish or a multiplayer game, the player gets to select up to 3 colors to represent their team. It is the purpose of the Team Color Mask texture to control how those 3 colors are shown on the unit in-game. A combination of these 4 separate masks make up the Team Color Masks texture:
- TC1 - The primary team color mask. Anywhere there is white in this mask, team color #1 will show up.
- TC2 - The secondary team color mask. Anywhere there is white in this mask, team color #2 will show up.
- TC3 - The trim team color mask. Anywhere there is white in this mask, team color #3 will show up.
- Decal - The decal mask. Anywhere that this mask is white, the Diffuse texture is used directly as the color. This mask is will appear on top of TC1, TC2 and TC3 and is the way you would include markings (or "decals") and any other area on your unit that should remain the same color, regardless of the team colors picked by the player.
Using the OxTextureTool.exe tool, these 4 masks are combined into a single DDS file representing the TeamColorMasks texture. Within the package of files for the LittleBoy mode you will find the \SourceArt\maps\MakeTeamColorMask.bat script file. Open up this file to see the process for converting the TC1, TC2, TC3 and Decal mask files into the correct DDS format and then how to merge those 4 DDS files into a single "mask array" texture file. Here are the steps (you can follow allong in the MakeTeamColorMask.bat file):
- (Lines 1-9) Run the texconv.exe tool against each set of TC1, TC2, TC3 and Decal mask files created for each of your palettes (reference the \Units\PHC\LittleBoy\LittleBoy.Palette file for which Palettes have been defined for the LittleBoy mod)
- (Lines 12 & 13) Run the oxtexturetool.exe tool against each set of converted TC1, TC2, TC3 and Decal files output by the texconv.exe tool. Note that the -o argument passed to the oxtexturetool command is the name of the output mask array file you want generated.
It's important to note that the file names used in the \SourceArt\maps\MakeTeamColorMask.bat script file of the LittleBoy mod are specific to the LittleBoy unit, and that you may name these source files however you like.
The Team Color Masks texture is set in the unit's Palette file via the "TeamColorMasks" column. Whatever you provide as the file name that the OxTextureTool.exe tool outputs (via the -o argument) must match what you provide for "TeamColorMasks" column in your unit's Palette file. What you provide for the "teamColorMasks" column in your unit's Palette file must be a path to the file, relative to the root mods directory.
[provide Tools package that contains OxTextureTool, TexConv, EasyBake and some .bat script files]
The Material Masks Texture
PHC Unit Materials
- MM1 – Painted Metal
- This is meant to represent a painted surface.
- Most of a PHC unit uses this material. This material responds to the TeamColor_MaskArray texture as follows:
- Base color of Painted Metal is a constant mid-grey color (hard coded)
- TC1 – Team color 1, the primary team color. Anywhere this is white, teamcolor 1 will show up.
- TC2 – Team color 2, secondary team color. Anywhere this is white, teamcolor 2 will show up.
- TC3 – Team color 3, trim team color. Anywhere this is white, teamcolor 3 will show up.
- Decal – Decal mask, anywhere that this mask is white it uses the ColorMap directly as the diffuse color. This overrides all the other teamcolor masks.
- Unlike material masks, you won't get overbright textures if these masks overlap, you'll just get overlap like layers in photoshop, in this order (top down):
- Decal
- Base color
- Painted Metal is affected by the Curvature Map in that edges will be worn off to expose MM2 (Bare Metal).
- Painted Metal also uses the panel detail texture found in Assets/Material/PHC_Unit_Panels.dds that has the following channels:
- R – Panel dirt
- G – Panel edge-wear
- A – Overall color variation
- White means lighten the color
- 50% Grey means do not change the color
- Black means darken the color
- MM2 – Bare Metal
- Dark silvery material.
- This material uses the Curvature map and panel-detail map to darken the metal in crevices and shine and brighten it on edges.
- This material does not respond to the Color map in any way.
- MM3 – Emissive
- Glowing parts of the model (running lights, etc.)
- The brightness of the emissive lights is set in the material. However, the material reacts to the Color map by multiplying it in. You can set up the color you want the emissive to be by coloring that area of the Color map. Generally those have been set up with a fade around the edges to make the glow look softer and mip-map more nicely with distance.
- MM4 – EngineEmissive
- Glowing parts of the hover pods/engines
- This works much the same way the MM3 Emissive material works, but it uses the color map slightly differently. It multiplies the Color map as a grey-scale value with the engine color for that team (set up with the team colors). You still get the effect of the edge fading like regular emissives, but not the color tinting.
- The overall brightness of the Engine Emissive material is scaled by the amount of "thrust" being applied to the object. Engines brighten when the unit is moving itself, darken when it's not.
- Dust – This is not directly controlled by artists. A combination of factors determine where dust is applied, the dust overlays all other materials (except emissives).
The FBX File
The models for all buildings and units in Ashes: Escalation were authored in either Maya or 3dsMax. Of course, this does not mean that other tools like Blender or Modo can't be used. Be aware though that there are minor differences in the ways that each of these 3D modeling tools export FBX files and that their output can be inconsistent between what each tool outputs. This can have the effect of introducing flaws into your model when bringing them into the game.
Baking the Normals
Baking the Asset into the Game
Fatal Error: Assert Fail: pMesh->GetPolygonSize(0) == Model::eNumIndiciesPerPoly File
Models are required to have triangulated polygons.
When running the Texconv, OXTextureTool or EasyBake tools, if you are prompted with an error dialog saying MSVCP140D.dll or VCRUNTIME140D.dll or VCOMP140D.dll is missing:
You will need to install the Visual C++ Redistributable for Visual Studio 2015: https://www.microsoft.com/en-US/download/details.aspx?id=48145
When To Create Additional LODs
<references />


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When I saw this shared in Google+, I initially thought it was some sort of trick:
Come to think of it, it is a trick. But not in the way I initially thought it was. There is such a thing as odori-don:
Literally "dancing squid rice bowl". A live squid with its head removed is served on top of a bowl of sushi rice, accompanied by sashimi prepared from the head (usually sliced ika (squid) and ika-kimo (squid liver)) as well as other seafood.
Seasoned soy sauce is first poured on top of the squid to make it "dance".
The FoodJapan entry further writes that while freshly killed squid served on rice is a traditional Japanese dish, the dancing squid bowl started as a marketing gimmick. The squid in this case is no longer alive: the sodium in the soy sauce is triggering reflex action causing its legs to move.
Still, this is rather morbid table entertainment. Haven't we been taught by our mothers not to play with our food?


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Our Mission
The mission of Learn to Love is to support and assist underprivileged children by promoting their health, education, and overall well-being.
Our Vision
Learn to Love's vision is for every child to have access to education, healthcare, and love.
About the Founder
Since she was little, Anokhee had traveled to India regularly to visit family and friends. Year after year, she continued to see kids her age living in deep poverty and struggled to understand how so many children lacked access to education, healthcare and a support system. In 2004, she visited organizations in Mumbai that helped children in need and decided to help, however she could. When she returned to the U.S., she created Project Learn to Love to generate support for SEC and IAPACW, two amazing organizations with incredible people who were changing the lives of hundreds of children. She held fundraisers in her community and Project Learn to Love gained momentum. In 2005, Project Learn to Love became Learn to Love, a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization that supports over 400 children in Mumbai, India.
Anokhee and the LTL team are passionate about helping children realize their potential and strongly believe that they need education, healthcare, and love to do so. Our team is deeply grateful to Learn to Love's awesome and generous supporters!
To contact Anokhee, please email email@example.com. To help amazing kids realize their potential, donate here!


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Lakeside Children's Academy Enrichment
Enrichment Programs
Our everyday curriculum enhances your child's cognitive, social and emotional, and motor development daily. However, at Lakeside, we also offer enrichment programs. These programs are at an extra cost to families. Below are the enrichment programs offered at Lakeside. Please talk to the Administration if you are interested in your child participating in any of these programs. Instructors are approved by the State of Missouri Family Registry through a background check. Programs are held at various times throughout the year. Enrollment information will be posted at Lakeside.
Soccer Shots
Soccer Shots have been professionally designed and are led by trained Soccer Shots instructors. The primary objective of each session is to creatively introduce your child to the sport of soccer. By enrolling your child in Soccer Shots, you can expect increased physical development through fun fitness activities, and an introduction to group and team concepts. Character development, physical skills, and fun are guaranteed in the program!
Ages 3-5 www.soccershots.com
The Stretch-N-Grow program is designed to promote exercise and wellness for pre-school and early elementary-aged children. Stretch-N-Grow stars participate in weekly sessions, which include exercise, activities, and discussions on health and related issues such as nutrition, hygiene, and safety. Stars have lots of fun while they learn to enjoy exercise and build good habits.
Ages 3-5 www.stretch-n-grow.com
Computer Bryte Kids
The mission of Computer Bryte Kids is to introduce children of all ages to technology as a meaningful tool for learning, communication, and creative expression. Computer Bryte Kids is dedicated to offering a variety of fun and unique experiences to provide children with the confidence and skills they will need to succeed in the digital future. Children become better thinkers, learners, creators, and doers.
Ages 3-5 www.computerbrytekids.com
Kinderdance is a dance class taught by Mrs. Molly, Kinderdance franchise owner. The dance class explores all different types of dance and movement. Large motor skills, balance, listening skills, rhythm, and more are taught through this class. Children perform at local high school annually in their dance recital.
Ages 3+


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Healthy Chocolate Cake Recipe Made With Zucchini
Here is a recipe for a healthy chocolate cake the whole family will love. It's full of fibre and an ingredient you may not expect – zucchini – best of all it's deliciously moist and chocolatey that no one will every guess there is a vegetable in it!!
A delicious sweet treat that you can enjoy when following our 28 Day Weight Loss Challenge and would like to lose some weight but still eat amazing food.
Courtney has sent us this fabulous recipe, thanks Courtney it looks delish!
- 1/3 cup butter
- 1/2 cup coconut sugar
- 3 eggs
- 2 tbsp honey
- 2 tsp vanilla extract
- 1/3 cup Greek yoghurt
- 1 1/2 cups wholemeal flour
- 1/4 cup cocoa
- 2 tsp baking soda
- 2 tsp cinnamon
- 1/4 cup dark chocolate chips
- 3 cups grated zucchini
Icing (Optional)
- 1/2 cup dark chocolate chips
- 3 tbsp coconut oil
- 1 tbsp vanilla extract
Icing (Optional)
Cream butter and coconut sugar. Mix in eggs one at a time. Add honey, vanilla extract and yoghurt and mix well.
Sift dry ingredients into separate bowl. Add husks from sieve and chocolate chips to dry ingredients.
Mix dry ingredients alternatively with zucchini into cake mixture.
Spoon mixture into greased and lined 20 x 30 sponge roll tin.
Bake for 45 minutes or until a skewer comes out clean. Leave to cool completely before adding the icing (if using).
Melt chocolate chips and coconut oil over low heat. Add vanilla extract.
Leave to cool slightly then whisk lightly and spread over cake.
When cool cut into 24 pieces. Run knife under hot water before cutting to prevent icing cracking.
Recipe Notes
Recipe makes 24 pieces at 103 calories per piece un-iced; and 137 calories per piece when iced
Want access to MORE delicious recipes? Join our 28 Day Weight Loss Challenge
Love baking? We've got plenty of delicious sweet baking recipes like this available as part of our 28 Day Weight Challenge. If you become a member you can access recipes from previous challenges too.


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SAN DIEGO, CALIF. - The Sacramento Bee reported Thursday that US Sen. Dianne Feinstein and Kevin de León will "debate" each other just weeks before the election. Feinstein agreed to the debate after months of demands from her opponent.
Here's the thing: the debate is scheduled for Wednesday, October 17, at noon PT. It will be hosted by the Public Policy Institute of California and will be streamed online.
Critics of Feinstein say she is intentionally trying to limit the number of people who will tune into the debate, and reject the description that it is a "debate" as the candidates will not actually address each other. It will be more of a side-by-side interview by a moderator.
Bill Carrick, a longtime political consultant for Feinstein, defended the campaign calling it a debate, saying that the format will essentially be the same as the single gubernatorial radio debate hosted by KQED.
The setting of the gubernatorial debate was also unusual, as it was aired on Monday, October 8, at 10 am PT on an NPR radio station in San Francisco. Keep in mind, this is the only debate between two candidates vying to hold the highest political office in the world's fifth largest economy.
Many California voters are being denied the opportunity to see top-ticket candidates debate and lay out their policies in races that will come down to voters outside the political parties.
The US Senate race between Feinstein and de León -- both Democrats -- will be decided by not just Republican voters, but No Party Preference voters, the second-largest voting bloc in California at almost 27% of the registered voting population.
According to a poll published on IVN on October 2, approximately 43 percent of likely voters are undecided in this race. This includes around the same percentage of voters registered outside any political party.
The latest survey from the Public Policy Institute of California shows Feinstein 11 points on top of de León, but that lead was cut in half from July.
Millions of voters in California want to hear more from the candidates to make a decision on who will best represent the state of California, and not just their political party. Yet, few will have an opportunity to see anything outside political ads and media coverage.
It's interesting to note the incumbent's decision to meet de León on the same stage comes on the heels of the Kavanaugh confirmation process, of which she was a central figure. According to the Sacramento Bee, this will be the first "debate" Feinstein has participated in since her re-election bid in 2000.
Stay tuned for further coverage on the California race for US Senate and Wednesday's debate.


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Farm worker
Posted by:
YPS Farm
Job Category:
General Labour
Job Location:
Canada-wide, , CANADA
Vacancies: 12 Vacancies
YPS farms is urgently looking for 12 fulltime/ Permanent Farm workers to work on farms.
Job duties
Duties involve year around cleaning maintenance of plants, planting new saplings, fertilize plants, spray, clean, use farm equipment, irrigate, check water pipes, pruning , examine produce for quality and prepare for market, etc.
Work Conditions and Physical Capabilities: Repetitive tasks, physically demanding, standing for extended periods, bending, crouching, kneeling.
Work Site Environment: Outdoors, Wet/damp, Dusty, rain/ shine, hot/cold.
No experience required, will train.
No language requirements
Minimum Education: None
Salary: $11.40/Hour (minimum 40 hours per week)
Job Type: Full-Time, Permanent
Start Date of Employment: As soon as possible
Positions Available: 12
Aborignal people,new comers to canada,mature people welocme to apply
email resume at email@example.com
In person at 6530 chilliwack river road,chilliwack bc.v2r1b1


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If you're at all interested in technology, science, or engineering, chances are you love consuming media related to those industries. Seeing the latest and greatest innovations or learning how something works never fails to get old for the curious mind. While TV shows seem to be trending towards more mind-numbing rather than mind-inspiring nowadays, the world of internet media is a lush ground of educational content.
To help you smarten up social media feeds and bring a little fun education to your life, we've compiled 10 YouTube creators that you should probably be following if you like STEM.
10. Real Engineering
Real engineering is perhaps one of the greatest purely engineering centric channels on the web. The best way to describe his content is a mix of historical and present engineering mixed with history channel documentary filmmaking and professional animations. If you like engineering, then chances are you're going to like his channel.
9. Smarter Every Day
Destin at Smarter Every Day is just your average engineer filled with a passion for learning and discovering things he doesn't know. He once unlearned how to ride a bike through some mind boggling science and he recently went behind the scenes on a major rocket launch. There's no greater channel for the person that wants to be continuously filled with wonder, and you never know what Destin is going to throw at you in each new video.
8. Practical Engineering
Practical Engineering is perhaps the most technically dense channel on the list. It's filled with all sorts of civil engineering principles explained in great detail, like why sinkholes form. If you want to learn how anything civil engineering works in great detail, then this is probably the channel for you.
7. Cody's Lab
Cody is an interesting character – and an incredible chemist. From refining precious metals to creating custom cans for canning, if it's chemistry and you can do it yourself, then Cody has probably made a video about it. Even for anyone not a huge fan of chemistry, his down to earth video style can bring even the most casual viewer along for an interesting experience.
6. Concerning Reality
Concerning Reality is the newest and smallest channel on the list, but it's also growing fast. This channel combines animation and documentary style video to explain engineering principles, take a look back at interesting history, or otherwise explain everything "concerning reality."
5. Backyard Scientist
The Backyard Scientist is the most casual of the channels on the list, but it arguably might be the most fun. You'll see fun experiments filling this channel that often create quite the mess. He recently built a massive microwave to answer the question "what would happen if you microwaved a microwave?" If you like eclectic engineering and science, then the Backyard Scientist might be worth a look.
4. Vsauce
Vsauce is one of the largest channels here, and is known for creating longer format mind-boggling content. If you've never seen any of the channel's videos, then there is a wealth of interesting media for you to consume. Most of Michael's time, the creator behind the channel, is spent creating longer format videos for his YouTube premium series Mind Field. Regardless, you should definitely be following Vsauce if you like educational content.
3. Veritasium
Veritasium is a channel that gets heavy into physics and science all the while bringing along even the most uneducated of viewers. The quality of videos on this channel are above par and will never fail to aide you in learning something new.
2. Numberphile
If you like math, or at least are interested in math, then you'll want to be subscribed to Numberphile. This channel concerns itself with interesting mathematical problems, a bit of maths history, and some mind-blowing calculations. Each and every video is packed with mathematical goodness worth your subscription on YouTube.
1. Mark Rober
Mark Rober is a former NASA engineer who took his talent for creating onto YouTube. He once created the world's largest Super Soaker and even conducted a highly-accurate test to figure out which city across America was the most honest. You never quite know what Mark is going to be up to next, but you do know that it's going to be good.


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Are there any two American cities more different from each other than Boston and Los Angeles? History vs. modernity, compactness vs. sprawl, chowder vs. kale, sun vs. snow, modesty vs. flash, intellect vs. entertainment. Back in January, Boston beat out Los Angeles, San Francisco, and Washington, D.C., to become the United States Olympic Committee's official pick to bid for the 2024 Summer Olympics. Since then, civic leaders in Los Angles have been nearly salivating with every hint of disaffection on the part of the Beantown faithful. Concerns were legion: Boston doesn't have room; Boston's transit system can't handle the crowds; Boston doesn't have the facilities; Boston doesn't want to spend billions; Boston, to be characteristically blunt, has better things to do.