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Peak Design Travel Tripod on Kickstarter – Compact and Lightweight, Reinvented
Peak Design is back on Kickstarter with a new campaign for an innovative tripod design, called the Travel Tripod. As usual, the team at Peak Design take a brand new approach at tripod design, and this one is no different. This new lightweight tripod is one of the most compacts on the market with such features. Let's take a closer look at a tripod which was already fully funded in less than four hours!
Peak Design Travel Tripod – Reinventing The Wheel
In the past, we already talked about Peak Design products many times, including the CaptureLens and the Travel Line of bags. After eight (!!) successfully funded (and deliverd) campaigns, Peak Design – a San-Francisco company specialized in creating innovative photo and video products – is back on Kickstarter with the Travel Tripod. According to Peak Design, it took them four years to develop "the world's most portable, packable, and easy-to-setup tripod for professionals and first-time tripod owners alike."
Tripods are usually not the sexiest or exciting products, and they are all have been designed similarly (with little innovation) for decades. On a traditional set of collapsed sticks, there is typically a lot of space between the legs because of the center column or leveling clamp. The Peak Design idea behind the Travel Tripod is to compress all this wasted space when collapsed – the legs and center column are tight against each other, making the tripod a lot more compact than a regular tripod. When thoroughly folded down, the diameter of the tripod is just 3.25 inches (8.26cm).
When you are on the road or traveling, you often let your tripod at home because it takes too much space or it's too heavy. Now you can easily throw it in your bag, with a packed length of just 39.4cm. But, tiny doesn't mean it can't go high! When the five sections of the Travel Tripod are fully extended, and the center column is raised, it can go up to 152.4cm. Also, two versions are available: an aluminum leg version that weighs 1.56Kg and a carbon fiber one that weighs 1.27Kg. The weight capacity is 9.1Kg.
Deploying the Travel Tripod legs is fast and straightforward, by unlocking the three sets of cam lever. You can open all the latches with one hand and one movement when it's fully collapsed.
Tripod Head and Features
Another exciting feature of the Travel Tripod is the Arca-Swiss compatible head that comes with it. This head is clearly for photographers, and you can't compare it to a fluid head. Otherwise, there are some interesting design ideas in it. To level the head, it doesn't use a clamp but a single retractable knob on the side of the tripod legs.
On the head itself, there is another knob that you can turn to lock/unlock the pan axis.
On top of the head is the locking ring for your camera. The head design looks easy to adjust, level, and incorporates three portrait mode cutouts instead of only one. A traditional bubble-level is built-in on top of the head.
Also, at the bottom of the center column, built-in and hidden inside, there is a universal phone mount, if you want to take pictures on the fly. It's smart, and it also doubles as a hook for counterweights when shooting in windy conditions.
Pricing and Availability
The Travel Tripod is already live on Kickstarter, and you can get it for $289 for the aluminum version and $479 for the carbon fiber version. Included is the tripod, the head, and a soft case. The expected shipping date is the end of December. So far, Peak Design was able to fulfill their promises on their Kickstarter campaigns.
In fact, Peak Design is a company based on crowdfunding campaigns, and the Travel Tripod seems to be a finished product, already. Still, please keep in mind that Kickstarter is not a shop or market place, and there are certain risks when backing up a project.
What do you think of this new Travel Tripod? Do you consider backing it? Let us know in the comments!


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BlackBerry is about to get back to its tried and true hits. BlackBerry told Reuters in a report from Friday, March 28, that they plan to "introduce high-end smartphones that cater to keyboard aficionados in the coming 18 months, in an effort to win back core corporate and government clients who have shunned the company's touch-screen devices."1 The company already stated that the upcoming BlackBerry Q20, as we told you during MWC, will focus on the classic BlackBerry design that cemented the company's status during the early smartphone days:
BlackBerry Q20 will feature the company's physical QWERTYkeyboard, as well as the "'Menu', 'Back', 'Send' and 'End' buttons and the integrated trackpad to enable the fast efficient navigation and one-handed use that has endeared the brand to its QWERTY customers."2
The introduction of new high-end keyboard phones is part of BlackBerry's larger strategy to shift away from the consumer market, and towards the enterprise market. According to the Reuters report, BlackBerry CEO John Chen, "wants BlackBerry to zero in on its core base of corporate and government clients, and on its services arm, which secures mobile devices on the internal networks of big clients."3 Why the company shifted away from the enterprise in the first place is a mystery.
- Euan Rocha, Reuters, "New BlackBerry phones to cater to keyboard aficionados: CEO," 28 March 2014 ▲
- Andrew Thompson, TechFaster, "BlackBerry Revives the Classic Design With the New Q20," 26 February 2014 ▲
- Euan Rocha, Reuters, "New BlackBerry phones to cater to keyboard aficionados: CEO," 28 March 2014 ▲

subset: commoncrawl


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Mini Review ARTICLE
Detection and Characterization of Autoantibodies to Neuronal Cell-Surface Antigens in the Central Nervous System
- 1Department of Biology, Division of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
- 2Department of Neurology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- 3Department of Immunology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
Autoimmune encephalitis (AIE) is a group of disorders in which autoantibodies directed at antigens located on the plasma membrane of neurons induce severe neurological symptoms. In contrast to classical paraneoplastic disorders, AIE patients respond well to immunotherapy. The detection of neuronal surface autoantibodies in patients' serum or CSF therefore has serious consequences for the patients' treatment and follow-up and requires the availability of sensitive and specific diagnostic tests. This mini-review provides a guideline for both diagnostic and research laboratories that work on the detection of known surface autoantibodies and/or the identification of novel surface antigens. We discuss the strengths and pitfalls of different techniques for anti-neuronal antibody detection: (1) Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and immunofluorescence on rat/primate brain sections; (2) Immunocytochemistry (ICC) of living cultured hippocampal neurons; and (3) Cell Based Assay (CBA). In addition, we discuss the use of immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry analysis for the detection of novel neuronal surface antigens, which is a crucial step in further disease classification and the development of novel CBAs.
Anti-neuronal autoimmune encephalitis (AIE) is a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by autoantibodies that are directed at the extracellular domains of antigens in the synaptic or extra-synaptic plasma membrane. These antigens are often key players in synaptic transmission and neuronal excitability. Antibody binding to these antigens therefore directly leads to neuronal dysfunction. When the antibodies are removed, neuronal dysfunction is commonly reversed and patients often completely recover (van Coevorden-Hameete et al., 2014; Höftberger, 2015). This striking response to immunotherapy stresses the importance of early diagnosis and treatment of AIE. To achieve this, the availability of sensitive and specific tests to detect cell-surface autoantibodies is of key importance.
Whereas diagnostics in AIE is an emerging field, large experience exists with laboratory tests used for the detection of anti-neuronal antibodies in classical paraneoplastic neurological syndromes (PNS; Probst et al., 2014). Some, but not all, of the methods used in PNS diagnostics are also suitable to detect autoantibodies involved in AIE. The different requirements for diagnostic methods are mainly determined by two major differences between classical PNS antigens and AIE antigens. Classical PNS antigens are primarily located intracellular whereas AIE antigens are located in or on the plasma membrane. In addition, antibodies directed at classical PNS antigens are mostly recognizing linear epitopes, whereas surface antigens contain mostly conformational epitopes.
Core methods in PNS and AIE diagnostics are immunohistochemistry (IHC) on rat brain sections and indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) on primate cerebellum sections. In these assays all relevant antigens are present and accessible. For the detection of neuronal surface antigens also immunocytochemistry (ICC) of primary hippocampal neurons is used. Although these techniques are very useful as initial screening methods, they do not allow for the identification of the exact molecular target of the autoantibodies. In addition, these techniques require extensive experience and are labor-intensive. Therefore, for diagnostic purposes, highly specific confirmatory tests are needed. For PNS antigens immunoblotting with recombinant antigen is used most frequently as a confirmatory test (Willison et al., 2000). For surface antigens a radioimmunoassay (RIA) can be used to detect antibodies directed at a channel complex, such as voltage gated calcium channels (VGCC; Motomura et al., 1995). However, a RIA cannot discriminate between antibodies to different channel components that can be of clinical relevance, as is the case for antibodies directed to the voltage gated potassium channel (VGKC; Lai et al., 2010; Lancaster et al., 2011a; van Sonderen et al., 2016b). To test single neuronal surface antigens cell based assays (CBA) are the method of choice. In CBAs the natural environment and conformation of the antigen is mostly maintained (Willison et al., 2000).
Despite the fact that many of these techniques are currently used in AIE diagnostic and research laboratories, the methodology to detect cell-surface antibodies is not widely standardized. In this article we review the advantages and pitfalls of three different techniques for antibody detection: (1) IHC/IIF on adult rat/primate brain slices; (2) ICC on living cultured rat hippocampal neurons; and (3) CBAs for neuronal membrane proteins (for an overview see Table 1). In addition we evaluate the use of immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry analysis for the identification of novel cell-surface antigens.
The reactivity of antibodies present in patient serum or CSF against rat brain proteins can be tested with IHC. In this assay 5–9 μm thick complete rat brain slices are used. Therefore all possible antigens are available and accessible, and different brain regions can be assessed. This technique has been a core method for the detection of antibodies directed at intracellular antigens in PNS. For classical PNS antigens diagnostic laboratories mostly use IIF of primate cerebellum, for which a commercial kit is available.
Although similar in many respects, the detection of synaptic surface antibodies requires a different pre-treatment of the rat brain tissue. For classical PNS antibodies brain tissue is snapfrozen, sliced with a cryostat and subsequently fixed with acetone or paraformaldehyde (PFA; Graus et al., 1997). For cell-surface antigens rat brains are fixed with PFA for 1 h at 4°C, cryoprotected in 40% sucrose for at least 24 h, snapfrozen in isopentane and subsequently sliced with a cryostat (Ances et al., 2005; Dalmau et al., 2007). By using this method of tissue preparation, antigens are well preserved and no antigen retrieval methods need to be used to obtain robust staining. The slices are incubated with serum or CSF and bound antibodies can be visualized with diaminobenzidine (DAB) peroxidase or fluorescently labeled secondary antibodies. For classical PNS antibodies, generally primate cerebellum is scored for specific staining patterns such as the distinct punctate anti-Tr/delta/notch-like epidermal growth factor-related receptor (DNER) pattern (Graus et al., 1997) or nuclear staining of anti-Hu antibodies (Sillevis Smitt et al., 2002). For cell-surface antigens, the hippocampus is scored for staining of the synapses containing gray matter, termed neuropil (Figure 1A). This neuropil staining is less robust when using the classical PNS pre-treatment of rat brain tissue. The different cell-surface antibodies can produce highly characteristic staining patterns on rat hippocampus (Dalmau et al., 2008; Montojo et al., 2015). With good quality IHC and experienced observers the recognition of these specific staining patterns may already lead to diagnosis.
Figure 1. Examples of staining patterns. (A) Immunohistochemistry (IHC) of rat brain slices using the autoimmune encephalitis (AIE) protocol. The left picture shows neuropil staining of the hippocampus using anti-NMDA receptor (NMDAR) positive patient serum. The right picture shows staining with a healthy control serum. Scale bars: 500 μm. (B) Live staining of cultured rat hippocampal neurons using anti-NMDAR positive patient or healthy control serum (green). The picture shows a punctate staining pattern along the dendrites. Scale bars: 20 μm. (C) Examples of staining patterns of fixed Cell Based Assays (CBA) for anti-GABABR, AMPAR and NMDAR antibodies. Transfected HeLa cells (green) show enhanced staining with patient serum (red) when compared to non-transfected cells and healthy control serum. Scale bars: 20 μm. Adapted from: De Bruijn and Titulaer (2016), Figure 12.1.
Most synaptic proteins are highly homologous (for example rat-human homology on protein level for the NR1 subunit of the NMDA receptor (NMDAR) is 99.3% (source: NCBI). However, when screening for novel neuronal antigens it is important to keep in mind that due to interspecies differences some epitopes might be absent in rodents and are therefore missed on IHC.
Immunocytochemistry on Living Primary Hippocampal Neurons
To assess antibody reactivity to extracellular epitopes live staining of cultured primary rat hippocampal neurons with patients' serum or CSF can be performed. In theory, this way only relevant extracellular epitopes will be detected, diminishing the background signal. Also, the effects of the protein crosslinking fixative PFA, on the antigenicity of the receptor will be circumvented (Peränen et al., 1993).
For this assay it is important to use neurons that are more than 14 days in culture and have developed axons and synapses. Serum or CSF is applied when the neurons are alive and are incubated for 30–45 min at 37°C. The secondary antibody can be applied on living neurons or after fixation under non-permeabilizing conditions (Hughes et al., 2010). In both cases only extracellular epitopes will be detected and result in a punctate staining pattern along the neurites (Figure 1B). In contrast with IHC, the staining patterns of antibodies directed at different surface antigens (e.g., NMDAR, GABABR) are indistinguishable (Dalmau et al., 2008; Lancaster et al., 2010). More information on the specific subcellular localization of the antigen could be determined by using co-staining with (excitatory or inhibitory) synaptic markers. However, it needs to be noted that binding of the patients antibodies to the antigen can alter the protein's localization. For the NMDA- and AMPAR it has been shown that receptors move out of the synaptic area and become internalized (Hughes et al., 2010; Mikasova et al., 2012; Moscato et al., 2014; Peng et al., 2015). Therefore after surface labeling such co-localization studies should be interpreted with caution.
Cell Based Assays
In a CBA a recombinant antigen is expressed by mammalian cells. The transfected cells are stained with patient serum or CSF using IIF. When the patient sample contains antibodies directed at this specific antigen, staining of the transfected cells is enhanced when compared to non-transfected cells (Figure 1C). In CBAs the antigen mostly maintains its tertiary structure and the appropriate post-translational modifications. This allows for the detection of antibodies directed at conformational epitopes.
Commercial CBAs, as well as most research laboratories, make use of human embryonic kidney (HEK) cells. HEK cells are a cell line suitable for membrane protein expression (Chaudhary et al., 2011). However, also HeLa or Chinese Hamster Ovary cells can be used as these cell lines attach more tightly to the culture plates than HEK cells and therefore wash off less easily during the staining procedure.
Controversy exists on the timing of fixation during the immunofluorescent staining procedure. With respect to the anti-NR1 CBA, some laboratories perform surface staining of live HEK cells with serum or CSF prior to fixation and permeabilization (Irani et al., 2010b; Ramberger et al., 2015), as in theory only relevant extracellular epitopes will be detected (as described in "Immunocytochemistry on Living Primary Hippocampal Neurons" Section). Other research groups fix and permeabilize the cells before immunostaining, as is also used in the commercial CBA. The only study to compare live vs. fixed CBA in an unselected way found a higher sensitivity of the fixed CBA (Gresa-Arribas et al., 2014), despite the theoretical expectations of the opposite. In addition, it needs to be noted that not all individual receptor subunits express equally well in cell lines. Some need co-expression of other subunits, auxiliary proteins or scaffolding molecules for proper receptor folding, assembly, ER export and surface expression (Leite et al., 2008; Irani et al., 2010b). This is especially important when performing live CBAs in which the receptors need to be located in the plasma membrane for antibodies to bind. It is therefore very well possible that the optimal choice between live vs. fixed CBA might be different for each receptor that is tested.
For both the fixed and live CBA one should also realize that the presence of a large number of ion channels in the plasma membrane for a longer period of time could lead to excitotoxicity and might require the addition of receptor blockers (e.g., ketamine for NMDAR) to the culture medium (Irani et al., 2010b; Ramberger et al., 2015)
Concerning the DNA constructs used for recombinant antigen expression in CBAs it is important to keep in mind that the addition of a molecular tag to a transmembrane protein for visualization purposes can affect protein trafficking and folding (Hughes et al., 2010). This could be overcome by using an untagged version in combination with cytoplasmic green fluorescent protein (GFP) to identify the transfected cells. However, in this case a commercial antibody to the antigen needs to be used to assess exact colocalization of antigen and patient antibody.
Mostly CBAs are scored with a subjective visual scoring system using epifluorescent microscopy. However, the staining intensity can vary considerably within one coverslip and accurate scoring depends heavily on the observers' experience. For this reason in most studies two independent blinded investigators perform the scoring. Some laboratories use a semi-quantitative scoring system ranging from 0 to 4 with an increasing strength of fluorescence intensity (Leite et al., 2008). However the value of this type of semi-quantitative scoring has never been validated. To get an idea of the antibody titres it is more reliable to perform serial dilutions on IHC (Gresa-Arribas et al., 2014).
Alternatively, the evaluation of CBAs using fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) is less dependent on experience. In addition it could provide a quantitative method for determining antibody titres without the need of testing serial dilutions. CBA with FACS based scoring has been used for the detection of anti-aquaporin-4 antibodies in neuromyelitis optica (De Vidi et al., 2011) and anti-NMDAR (Amatoury et al., 2013). However, only one study compared visual scoring of CBA with FACS based analysis. This study showed lower sensitivity for anti-NMDAR antibodies when FACS was used instead of visual scoring (Ramberger et al., 2015).
Over the last years the sensitivity and specificity of CBAs using serum or CSF has become increasingly clear (see Table 1). Intrathecal antibody synthesis is high in anti-NMDA, -AMPA and GABAB receptor encephalitis (Lai et al., 2009; Lancaster et al., 2010; Dalmau et al., 2011), facilitating antibody detection in CSF. For anti-NMDAR antibodies, a permeabilized CBA has a sensitivity of 100% for CSF and 86% for serum (Gresa-Arribas et al., 2014). For anti-AMPAR antibodies this is 100% for CSF vs. 70% for serum (Höftberger et al., 2015), and for anti-GABABR 100% for CSF and 67–93% for serum (Lancaster et al., 2010; Höftberger et al., 2013; Jeffery et al., 2013). For anti-LGI1 antibodies sensitivity on IHC is 88% and 100% for CSF and serum respectively, whereas the commercial LGI1 CBA using CSF has only 53% sensitivity, probably reflecting lower intrathecal antibody synthesis (van Sonderen et al., 2016c). Special attention is required for patients undergoing plasma exchange at the moment of serum assessment, as antibodies may no longer be detectable in serum (Florance et al., 2009).
Over the last years high throughput screenings have been published, mainly in the field of psychiatry, in which the presence of anti-neuronal surface antibodies is tested using CBA with serum only. These studies have detected anti-NR1 antibodies in up to 10% of neuropsychiatric disorders, but also in healthy individuals (Zandi et al., 2011; Dahm et al., 2014; Hammer et al., 2014). However, these studies were confusing due to lumping of IgG with IgA/IgM antibody isotypes, incomplete testing or selection bias. Only IgG subclass antibodies directed at NR1 alone causes the disease described as anti-NMDAR encephalitis. The clinical relevance of IgM and IgA antibodies is so far unclear, as was also concluded from other articles studying psychiatric populations (Steiner et al., 2013). Anti-NMDAR encephalitis can present as an isolated first psychotic episode (Kayser et al., 2013), although the presence of anti-NMDAR encephalitis among first episode psychosis patients is likely to be (less than) 1%. This chance quickly increases if patients develop neurological symptoms or additional features such as fever or autonomic dysfunction. In studies testing for anti-NMDAR IgG in a purely psychiatric population using more than one method (CBA combined with IHC or ICC of living hippocampal neurons, or the combination of serum and CSF) no patients with only psychiatric features and anti-NMDAR encephalitis have been found (Masdeu et al., 2012; van Mierlo et al., 2015). The low a priori chance in patients with psychiatric disorders combined with a specificity of 97–99.4% for CBA of serum (Gresa-Arribas et al., 2014) results in a post priori chance of only 25–60% when testing serum only. These results indicate that high throughput screening studies in a population with low disease prevalence requires excellent specificity to be of value. Combining CBA with IHC or live neuron staining could for example increase the specificity (Gresa-Arribas et al., 2014).
Immunoprecipitation and Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Membrane Antigens
Some patients have a clinical phenotype strongly suggesting an autoimmune etiology but test negative for all known surface antigens. If IHC and live ICC provide a strong indication for the presence of cell-surface antibodies one can try to identify the molecular target of the antibodies in order to develop a CBA. Classically, novel PNS antigens were identified using cDNA expression libraries by phage display (Hufton et al., 1999). Strikingly, only intracellular antigens with mostly linear epitopes have been identified using this technique, indicating that it is less suitable for conformational epitopes. Currently, most novel surface antigens are identified by performing immunoprecipitation with patient's serum or CSF followed by mass spectrometry analysis (IP-MS; Lai et al., 2009; Lancaster et al., 2010; de Graaff et al., 2012; Boronat et al., 2013; Petit-Pedrol et al., 2014; Sabater et al., 2014). Although in a seemingly straightforward procedure many factors are complicating the identification of a membrane antigen.
Firstly MS analysis is hampered by properties of the membrane proteins itself. They are expressed relatively low compared to cytosolic proteins. Due to their membrane spanning hydrophobic domains membrane proteins aggregate easily, leading to inefficient proteolytic cleavage. This leads to underrepresentation of membrane proteins in the sample (Helbig et al., 2010; Barrera and Robinson, 2011). Fractionation of membrane preparations, synaptosome isolation or surface biotinylation can be used to enrich (synaptic) membrane proteins in the input material. In order to reduce the detection of nonspecific cytosolic and nuclear proteins some labs perform surface labeling of primary hippocampal neurons and subsequently lyse the cells and precipitate IgG with the bound antigen (Boronat et al., 2013).
Secondly membrane proteins have the tendency to misfold when extracted by detergent. This leads to disruption of the conformational epitope and reduced antibody binding. Special attention is therefore required for the choice of detergent in order to optimize solubilization. Which detergent is suitable for membrane protein solubilization depends on the type of membrane protein that needs to be extracted (Privé, 2007). The fact that the membrane antigen is still unknown when performing IP-MS severely hampers the choice of detergent. A new amphipathic polymer that solubilizes membrane proteins in intact membrane patches might be a promising alternative (Dörr et al., 2016).
In general CSF contains less antibodies than serum, both in number and variety, and in case of intrathecal synthesis, the relative amount of specific antibodies is higher. Therefore the use of CSF in staining and immunoprecipitation is thought to provide cleaner results. However, CSF is usually less readily available than serum.
Conclusion and Recommendations
The detection of synaptic cell-surface antibodies has significant consequences for the treatment and follow-up of AIE patients. It can confirm the autoimmune-mediated nature of the syndrome and can provide a clue for a possible underlying tumor. In order to successfully identify antibodies to surface antigens clinical assessment and patient selection by an experienced clinician is of key importance. For diagnostic purposes both serum and CSF should be tested by a combination of IHC and CBA to provide highest sensitivity and specificity. Live staining of cultured hippocampal neurons is labor intensive. The neurons used for diagnostic testing cannot be prepared beforehand and cannot be stored. However, live ICC of neurons can provide valuable additional information when the results from IHC and CBA are inconclusive.
Samples selected for IP-MS need to show robust results on both IHC and live ICC of hippocampal neurons. Preferentially patients with a similar staining pattern and clinical phenotype are grouped. If possible, two different serum samples from one patient can be used to perform IP-MS. Comparing two lists of one patient (or the lists of patients with a similar clinical phenotype and/or similar staining pattern on IHC) could facilitate the detection of novel antigens.
In the next years novel neuronal surface antigens will be identified, most likely by screening cohorts of patients with for example epilepsy or dementia. It is expected that these yet unknown patients will phenotypically show less encephalitis and more encephalopathy. As screening becomes more extensive, careful evaluation of specificity and pathogenicity of novel antibodies will be necessary. Given the low frequency of occurrence of most of these antibodies, meaningful clinical studies will require international collaboration.
Author Contributions
MHvC-H wrote the manuscript, MJT, EdG, MWJS, PAESS and CCH have provided critical comments to the manuscript.
This research was funded by NUTS-OHRA (1104-034), Hersenstichting (2012(1)-141).
Conflict of Interest Statement
MHvC-H has nothing to disclose. The work of MJT is supported by grants from the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO, Veni-incentive and Memorabel fellowship), the Dutch Epilepsy Foundations (NEF, project 14-19) and ErasmusMC fellowship. MJT received research funds for serving on a scientific advisory board of MedImmune LLC and a travel grant for lecturing in India from Sun Pharma, India. MWJS has received financial compensation for seminars and conference visits from Biognost, Inova and Thermo Scientific. EdG and PAESS received a research grant from Euroimmun for a patent for the use of DNER as an autoantibody test. CCH has nothing to disclose.
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Iorio, R., Damato, V., Mirabella, M., Vita, M. G., Hulsenboom, E., Plantone, D., et al. (2013). Cerebellar degeneration associated with mGluR1 autoantibodies as a paraneoplastic manifestation of prostate adenocarcinoma. J. Neuroimmunol. 263, 155–158. doi: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2013.07.015
Irani, S. R., Alexander, S., Waters, P., Kleopa, K. A., Pettingill, P., Zuliani, L., et al. (2010a). Antibodies to Kv1 potassium channel-complex proteins leucine-rich, glioma inactivated 1 protein and contactin-associated protein-2 in limbic encephalitis, Morvan's syndrome and acquired neuromyotonia. Brain 133, 2734–2748. doi: 10.1093/brain/awq213
Irani, S. R., Bera, K., Waters, P., Zuliani, L., Maxwell, S., Zandi, M. S., et al. (2010b). N-methyl-D-aspartate antibody encephalitis: temporal progression of clinical and paraclinical observations in a predominantly non-paraneoplastic disorder of both sexes. Brain 133, 1655–1667. doi: 10.1093/brain/awq113
Irani, S. R., Pettingill, P., Kleopa, K. A., Schiza, N., Waters, P., Mazia, C., et al. (2012). Morvan syndrome: clinical and serological observations in 29 cases. Ann. Neurol. 72, 241–255. doi: 10.1002/ana.23577
Jeffery, O. J., Lennon, V. A., Pittock, S. J., Gregory, J. K., Britton, J. W., and McKeon, A. (2013). GABAB receptor autoantibody frequency in service serologic evaluation. Neurology 81, 882–887. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0b013e3182a35271
Kayser, M. S., Titulaer, M. J., Gresa-Arribas, N., and Dalmau, J. (2013). Frequency and characteristics of isolated psychiatric episodes in anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor encephalitis. JAMA Neurol. 70, 1133–1139. doi: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2013.3216
Lai, M., Hughes, E. G., Peng, X., Zhou, L., Gleichman, A. J., Shu, H., et al. (2009). AMPA receptor antibodies in limbic encephalitis alter synaptic receptor location. Ann. Neurol. 65, 424–434. doi: 10.1002/ana.21589
Lai, M., Huijbers, M. G., Lancaster, E., Graus, F., Bataller, L., Balice-Gordon, R., et al. (2010). Investigation of LGI1 as the antigen in limbic encephalitis previously attributed to potassium channels: a case series. Lancet Neurol. 9, 776–785. doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(10)70137-X
Lancaster, E., Huijbers, M. G., Bar, V., Boronat, A., Wong, A., Martinez-Hernandez, E., et al. (2011a). Investigations of caspr2, an autoantigen of encephalitis and neuromyotonia. Ann. Neurol. 69, 303–311. doi: 10.1002/ana.22297
Lancaster, E., Martinez-Hernandez, E., Titulaer, M. J., Boulos, M., Weaver, S., Antoine, J. C., et al. (2011b). Antibodies to metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 in the Ophelia syndrome. Neurology 77, 1698–1701. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0b013e3182364a44
Lancaster, E., Lai, M., Peng, X., Hughes, E., Constantinescu, R., Raizer, J., et al. (2010). Antibodies to the GABAB receptor in limbic encephalitis with seizures: case series and characterisation of the antigen. Lancet Neurol. 9, 67–76. doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(09)70324-2
Leite, M. I., Jacob, S., Viegas, S., Cossins, J., Clover, L., Morgan, B. P., et al. (2008). IgG1 antibodies to acetylcholine receptors in 'seronegative' myasthenia gravis. Brain 131, 1940–1952. doi: 10.1093/brain/awn092
Lopez-Chiriboga, A. S., Komorowski, L., Kümpfel, T., Probst, C., Hinson, S. R., Pittock, S. J., et al. (2016). Metabotropic glutamate receptor type 1 autoimmunity: clinical features and treatment outcomes. Neurology 86, 1009–1013. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000002476
Martinez-Hernandez, E., Ariño, H., McKeon, A., Iizuka, T., Titulaer, M. J., Simabukuro, M. M., et al. (2016). Clinical and immunologic investigations in patients with stiff-person spectrum disorder. JAMA Neurol. doi: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2016.0133 [Epub ahead of print].
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Moscato, E. H., Peng, X., Jain, A., Parsons, T. D., Dalmau, J., and Balice-Gordon, R. J. (2014). Acute mechanisms underlying antibody effects in anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis. Ann. Neurol. 76, 108–119. doi: 10.1002/ana.24195
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Piepgras, J., Höltje, M., Michel, K., Li, Q., Otto, C., Drenckhahn, C., et al. (2015). Anti-DPPX encephalitis: pathogenic effects of antibodies on gut and brain neurons. Neurology 85, 890–897. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000001907
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Probst, C., Komorowski, L., de Graaff, E., van Coevorden-Hameete, M., Rogemond, V., Honnorat, J., et al. (2015). Standardized test for anti-Tr/DNER in patients with paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration. Neurol. Neuroimmunol. Neuroinflamm. 2:e68. doi: 10.1212/NXI.0000000000000068
Probst, C., Saschenbrecker, S., Stoecker, W., and Komorowski, L. (2014). Anti-neuronal autoantibodies: current diagnostic challenges. Mult. Scler. Relat. Disord. 3, 303–320. doi: 10.1016/j.msard.2013.12.001
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Sabater, L., Gaig, C., Gelpi, E., Bataller, L., Lewerenz, J., Torres-Vega, E., et al. (2014). A novel non-rapid-eye movement and rapid-eye-movement parasomnia with sleep breathing disorder associated with antibodies to IgLON5: a case series, characterisation of the antigen and post-mortem study. Lancet Neurol. 13, 575–586. doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(14)70051-1
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van Coevorden-Hameete, M. H., de Graaff, E., Titulaer, M. J., Hoogenraad, C. C., and Sillevis Smitt, P. A. (2014). Molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying anti-neuronal antibody mediated disorders of the central nervous system. Autoimmun. Rev. 13, 299–312. doi: 10.1016/j.autrev.2013.10.016
van Mierlo, H. C., van Coevorden-Hameete, M. H., Munting, L. P., de Graaff, E., and de Witte, L. (2015). No evidence for the presence of neuronal surface autoantibodies in plasma of patients with schizophrenia. Eur. Coll. Neuropsychopharmacol. 25, 2326–2332. doi: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2015.09.017
van Sonderen, A., Arino, H., Petit-Pedrol, M., Leypold, F. K., P Wandinger, K. P., Lancaster, E., et al. (2016a). The clinical spectrum of Caspr2-antibody associated disease. Neurology 86:S12.008.
van Sonderen, A., Schreurs, M. W., de Bruijn, M. A., Boukhrissi, S., Nagtzaam, M. M., Hulsenboom, E. S., et al. (2016b). The relevance of VGKC positivity in the absence of LGI1 and Caspr2 antibodies. Neurology 86, 1692–1699. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000002637
van Sonderen, A., Thijs, R. D., Coenders, E. C., Jiskoot, L. C., Sanchez, E., de Bruijn, M. A. A. M., et al. (2016c). Anti-LGI1 encephalitis: clinical syndrome and long-term follow-up. Neurology.
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Zandi, M. S., Irani, S. R., Lang, B., Waters, P., Jones, P. B., McKenna, P., et al. (2011). Disease-relevant autoantibodies in first episode schizophrenia. J. Neurol. 258, 686–688. doi: 10.1007/s00415-010-5788-9
Keywords: autoantibodies, anti-neuronal antibodies, cell-surface antigens, diagnostic testing, autoimmune encephalitis
Citation: van Coevorden-Hameete MH, Titulaer MJ, Schreurs MWJ, de Graaff E, Sillevis Smitt PAE and Hoogenraad CC (2016) Detection and Characterization of Autoantibodies to Neuronal Cell-Surface Antigens in the Central Nervous System. Front. Mol. Neurosci. 9:37. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2016.00037
Received: 18 March 2016; Accepted: 09 May 2016;
Published: 31 May 2016.
Edited by:Eunjoon Kim, Institiue for Basic Science (IBS) and Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), South Korea
Reviewed by:Hyunsoo Shawn Je, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore
Joris De Wit, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB) and Katholieke Universiteit (KU) Leuven, Belgium
Copyright © 2016 van Coevorden-Hameete, Titulaer, Schreurs, de Graaff, Sillevis Smitt and Hoogenraad. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution and reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
*Correspondence: Casper C. Hoogenraad, email@example.com


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Accommodation + Spinning around blue and green landscapes / BTTSUPPLIER: Casa Alva
Two-night experience in the "Ochre Room" (suite without private terrace) for two people, with breakfast and daily maid service included. Welcome pack on arrival consisting of seasonal fruit, mineral water and typical local biscuits.
This experience includes two mountain bike outings in the area around Casa Alva/Vicentine Coast and two vouchers for a 10% discount on a meal for two people at your choice of these two restaurants serving typical dishes in Aljezur: "Restaurant Pont' a Pé" or "Cervejaria Mar".
Casa Alva is responsible for the organisation, coordination and orientation of the mountain bike outings. This moderately difficult route will cover a distance of approximately 15 kilometres. It is intended as a leisure outing and not a competition.
Venue: Casa Alva, Costa Vicentina, Aljezur
Price per person: 88 €
Child price: On request
Duration: Variable
Includes: Equipment, meal, guide, emergency kit and snack for the outings
Additional information: Offer valid from 13 April to 13 May 2018
Other activities from Casa Alva:
Enjoy the calm… at Casa Alva, Aljezur
Walk between green and blue… Costa Vicentina com a Zen Trekk
More about Casa Alva:
Benefiting from its location within an area of natural reserve, framed by fields where only the birds and wind passing through the elms can be heard, the Casa Alva stands just 5 minutes away from Aljezur's town centre.


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Does Chocolate Have Any Health Benefits?1 year ago
Posted on Jul 07, 2019, 5 p.m.
Approximately $22 billion is spent on chocolate within the USA alone every year. Chocolate may seem like the exact opposite of healthy, but according to experts it is less about the occasional small indulgence and more about making healthy lifestyle choices such as being physically active, managing stress, getting enough sleep, and following a balanced healthy diet.
Typically chocolate is either dark, white, or milk chocolate, and the firmness is determined by the proportion of cocoa solids from cocoa beans mixed with sugar and cocoa butter being used.
Americans seem to prefer milk chocolate, which contains about 10% cocoa liquor as compared to the minimum of 35% found in dark chocolates; white chocolate only contains cocoa butter and no cocoa solids at all.
A standard dark chocolate bar with 70-85% cacao contains around 600 calories and 24 grams of sugar according to the U.S Department of Agriculture; milk chocolate contains roughly the same number of calories but contains twice the sugar.
The amount of cocoa solids in dark chocolate is important as it can be an indicator of the amount of dietary flavonoid antioxidants it contains; consuming more dietary flavonoids is linked to a lower risk of coronary heart disease and dark chocolate is high in flavanols.
Chocolate/cocoa consumption, in moderation, has been suggested to be associated with a lower risk of insulin resistance and high blood pressure among adults in several studies.
"While dark chocolate has more flavanols than other types of chocolate, the data to suggest there is enough to have a health effect is thin at this point," said Alice H. Lichtenstein of Tufts University.
Researchers conducting a study in 2017 closely controlling participant diet found eating raw almonds, dark chocolate, and cocoa helped to lower LDL cholesterol in those who were overweight and obese; when the almonds were removed from their diet the same effects were not observed. The flavanol dose was half used in earlier studies that found a beneficial effect on blood pressure, 274 milligrams compared to 586, which is unlikely to be achievable with daily consumption of commercial available dark chocolate.
Bringham and Women's Hospital are currently studying whether a daily 600 mg supplement of cocoa flavanols can help to reduce the risk of cancer, stroke, and heart disease.
Chocolate can be part of an overall healthy diet. "If you enjoy chocolate," Lichtenstein said, "the important thing to do is choose the type you enjoy the most and eat it in moderation because you like it, not because you think it is good for you."
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Note: Content may be edited for style and length.
This article is not intended to provide medical diagnosis, advice, treatment, or endorsement.


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The red lasers slowly deplete a life rather than killing you.
Akai Katana, stage 5 using Kobayakawa Shion.Code: [Select]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s29Z0YRijUA&feature=relatedFinal score : 71,323,915
Wheres the 360 port!?!
Quote from: Monouchi on August 22, 2010, 01:06:07 AMWheres the 360 port!?! Fall 2011 at the earliest. Lots of stuff coming out to enjoy in the meantime.
Quote from: SuperPang on August 21, 2010, 01:01:13 PMThe red lasers slowly deplete a life rather than killing you.Is this all the time, or only when in Ninja Mode?
oh man, I was thinking Cave would stop porting their arcade stuff to 360.
real shame we can't region lock the region free tards to the shmups forum region-moaning thread.
Only the old stuff. But as Dangun Feveron is now getting an M2 port, who knows what happens to Mushihimesama, Mushihimetama etc.
I don't see why all the Rock hate. It's a top notch and very well produced soundtrack from I've heard. I like it more than Galuda 2 BL.
SIN seems to like this. After his first day playing, he came away with a 260mil ALL clear:He says the game is very difficult when playing for score. He also says many arcades around him didn't buy the game, so it can be hard to find it.
He says the game is very difficult when playing for score.
Why has this not pre-sold well I wonder? Are operators that sick of Black Labels killing off interest in the vanilla versions? If so we may have seen the last. I can't think of another good reason, the price is reasonable, it took good money in the loke tests.
A pretty good scoring run (209mil at the end of stage 5, no TLB)
He could have got a much higher score if he killed himself twice on the 1st boss.
He could have got a much higher score if he killed himself twice on the 1st boss. I have the impression that the hits work as a multiplier and that the player doesn't understand it. He never get more than 2,5m pts on a chain through the first 3 stages, it's always stuck at 250~ hits...


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When it comes to answering the age-old question of how to make your fragrance last longer, the response is always to make sure that the skin you're spraying the perfume onto is moisturised. The act of hydrating your skin can dramatically increase the longevity of your scent, but finding one that goes with your particular perfume can be a challenge. A decade ago a product was launched that has become my "go to" recommendation and, on its tenth birthday, it's time for me to introduce it to you as well. More than just a body moisturiser, say hello to Ancienne Ambiance's Goddess Argan Beauty Oil.
Thursday, 28 March 2019
GODDESS BEAUTY OIL by Ancienne Ambiance
Monday, 25 March 2019
NEROLI by The Scent Doctor
Thursday, 21 March 2019
PERFUMES: THE A-Z GUIDE by Luca Turin and Tania Sanchez
Monday, 18 March 2019
CHAMELEON by Zoologist
When a perfume company takes a very particular inspiration for its fragrances it can often run into difficulties with breaking out of a perceived style. This has been one of the challenges with Victor Wong's Zoologist range, but it's one that is about to be blown out of the water. The brand became known for highly scented animalic fragrances that often veered more towards "olfactory artistry" than "wearability" and, with the exception of Hummingbird and Camel, were very anchored in a niche clientele. This month sees the launch of Daniel Pescio's Chameleon and his balance between style and substance is absolutely spot on.
Monday, 11 March 2019
Three New Aqua Allegorias from Guerlain
It's always very difficult to pin down the seasons, especially with the current unexpected variations in temperature, but there is one annual fragrance release that definitely makes it feel like spring has arrived. Guerlain's Aqua Allegoria range has earned a reputation for lifting us out of the winter blues and hinting at the warmth that is to come, and this year there are three to choose from. Flora Cherrysia, Ginger Piccante, and Coconut Fizz join the existing lineup and perfectly compliment the ten already on offer. Created by Thierry Wasser and Delphine Jelk, let's see what Guerlain has created for 2019.
Posted by Stephan Matthews at 07:00:00 2 comments:
Labels: Aqua Allegoria, Coconut Fizz, Delphine Jelk, Flora Cherrysia, Ginger Piccante, Guerlain, Herba Fresca, Lavande Velours, Lys Soleia, Nerolia Bianca, Pamplelune, Rosa Magnifica, Thierry Wasser, Ylang & Vanille
Monday, 4 March 2019
ROSE POLAROID by SP Parfums
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Does Utah Tumbling Academy offer a trial class?
Yes! We encourage students to try one of our classes before registering for a session to ensure that our program is a good fit for both you and your child. Call or email us to set up a free trial class today!
How do I know which class to signmy child up for?
If your child is under 6 years of age and has no previous tumbling experience, you can sign them up for the correct age appropriate class.
If your child is under 6 years of age and has previous tumbling experience, please contact us for class placement.
If your child is over 6 years of age and has little or no tumbling experience, Beginning Tumbling will be the best option.
For children over 6 years of age with prior tumbling experience, please contact us to schedule an evaluation with one of our instructors or a free trial class.
Children over 10 years of age with little or no previous tumbling experience should register for a Tumbling 101 class.
Does Utah Tumbling Academy offer refunds or class credit?
How often do I register/pay for my child to attend a class?
Utah Tumbling Academy will offer a full refund or credit for a session prior to the first day or a new session. Once the first day of the new session has begun, no refunds or credits will be issued.
Our program is divided into four 8-12 week sessions per year. Registration opens approximately one month prior to the beginning of a new session. Payment is due in full at the time of registration. Unfortunately, we do not offer payment plans.
Does Utah Tumbling Academy offer make-up classes?
Does Utah Tumbling Academy charge an annual registration fee?
We offer 2 make-up classes per session. Make-up classes must be used within the session that your child is registered for and cannot be transferred to a different session. Please call or email us to schedule a make-up class.
We do not!
Does Utah Tumbling Academy have a dress code?
Yes. All female students are required to wear a leotard with or without spandex shorts. Male students are required to wear gym shorts and a t-shirt. Hair must be pulled back and all students must be barefoot. Cheer students can wear athletic shorts or pants and a fitted tank or t-shirt.
Can I sign my child up for a tumbling class after a session has begun?
As long as a class has not sold out, you are more than welcome to register your child at any time! You will only be required to pay for the amount of classes remaining in the session. Unfortunately, once a class is full we are unable to add any additional students and cannot make any special exceptions.
What is the instructor to student ratio?
All classes have a minimum of 2 instructors for a class of 10-14 students.
Does Utah Tumbling Academy offer private lessons?
Yes! We offer private lessons in both tumbling and cheerleading. Please contact us for more information.
Does Utah Tumbling Academy offer any discounts?
Yes! We offer a sibling discount and a multiple class discount. For siblings, we offer 10% off your entire purchase for three or more children in the same family. A 25% discount will be deducted from your child's second class if registered for two or more classes. To receive one of these discounts, please contact us prior to registering.


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Testimony Jaga Moves Thousands to Tears as he inspires Testimonies!
Testimony Jaga, known for his Highlife and Fuji-Pop style of music, has been hailed as a powerhouse and talented musical genius since breaking into the music industry.
He is constantly topping the charts with his songs, and his secret weapon is Jesus and his army of talented crew.
The Gospel music industry can thank Mr Jaga for bringing street vibes to the mainstream.
Bagging the "Artist of the Year," "Best Song of the Year" and "Hit Song Of The Year" (protostar category) at the just concluded LIMA 2019, It was a remarkable moment as the gone for life crooner and members of the Testifiers Band and his full Street Gospel Movement team took the stage to receive the prize award from the President of LoveWorld Inc. Reverend (Dr.) Chris Oyakhilome.
It was so inspiring to see Mr Jaga in his element commanding so much anointing and power during the ministration of his new hit "Jesus" due to popular demand.
The atmosphere in the hall was electrifying to say the least. The entire hall was super charged with everyone up on their feet, eyes closed and hands lifted in worship.
Even the President of LoveWorld Inc, Reverend (Dr.) Chris Oyakhilome was not left out as he could be seen worshipping and praising God in the spirit.
His ministration was so powerful, hundreds and thousands were moved to tears.
Testimony indeed is living up to his name, now hundreds of mind-blowing, inspiring testimonies are springing up and out from his music ministration, "Jesus."
So many people are coming out to testify about how Jesus touched them and now they have received Jesus as their Lord and personal savior.
See pictures below
Watch video here:
Christian music has become more acceptable by mainstream audience mostly because of the positive message it conveys and the source it draws inspiration from, the word! and Testimony Jaga is one man who understands the language of energy better than most and abides strictly by the word.
Want more music and celebrity trending news? Follow CeFlix Tunes on Facebook and Instagram.
Download the CeFlix Tunes app here and tune in to the Non-stop music channel for a healthy dose of sound celebration.
The CeFlix Tunes app is available for all Android devices in the Google Play Store and iOS users worldwide.


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Pythonize the whole library so that PYTHONPATH and module paths are sane.
There are a couple bugfixes in here -- there was a bad call to super().__init__ that passed self as the first arg. I also removed the config file manager_class and helper_class defaults. Also updates the slurm module and adds important notes about subclassing both an existing helper and manager inside of a single class... method resolution order is important! See the slurm module, or the new docs for SimpleElasticSliceManager for that.
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Another bird cries briskly at times, "Baby ain't, Baby ain't." October 28th. Calm as mountain lake. Blue water, just enough ruffled to be blue. Sky white warmer. Only the thinnest clothing tolerable. Even officers going barefoot in the early morning. The least ray of sunshine on one's head dreaded as deadly. Has been calm all day. Land at distance of 55 miles (?) in sight P.M. First seen of Araby the Blest. Saw swallow near sunset, and some sort of Water birds during P.M. Curious muddy green and orange sky after sunset 20 minutes. [Letter received in Nov. 1903, addressed to Wm. Keith by John Muir, while on his way around the world. It is dateless.]
Arabean Sea, 300 miles East of Straits of Babel-man deb. On board Steamer "Peninsula" Dear Willie: I'm having a grand time, tho' lonely. I left the Sargents 6 or 7 [six or seven] weeks ago at Shanghai, they going to Pekin, and I to India to see the glorious Himalaya with its glaciers, Deodar forests, etc., and I have seen them from two main points, Darjeeling and Simla. Now I'm going to Egypt to Palestine. Then I mean to turn back homeward by way of Ceylon, Australia, N. [New] Zealand, the Islands, etc. Had a great time in Russia, too. The Causasus, Crimea, Siberia, Manchuria. Strange I have to make these long journeys alone. Can never get anybody to go with me even half the way. You would have enjoyed the Himalaya and Causasus, but not Siberia. I hope you see Wanda dn Helen often. I seem to have been away from them all years, instead of months. At Moscow I received a very kind letter from Harriman. Remember me to Charlie Keeler, and whoever caes for me. Ever sincerely yours, John Muir You would enjoy the strange sunsets on this sea. October 29th. The same absolutely cloudless sky, strangely white before sunrise and just after sunset when it is deeply hazily orange like an orange mist. The water today and most of yesterday is pale blue, something like nemophila blue. Very very beautiful. The hills or mountains along the Arabian Coast in abrupt angularity of parts of outline suggest volcanic origin. We are now 10:30 A.M. within 2 miles of a mountain mass which looks like very rough red lava partially bedded, perhaps an island 1500 or 2000 feet high and apparently plantless (Sketch: Sec. of Arabian Coast seen at sunset nearly [ ] of course. (Looking a little W of N))
Date Original
Original journal dimensions: 11 x 16.5 cm.
Resource Identifier
Holt-Atherton Special Collections, University of the Pacific Library
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John Muir, journals, drawings, writings, travel, journaling, naturalist


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Orissa school of mining engineering, Keonjhar is a government institution of national repute under government of Odisha, skill development and technical education department. The institution was established in the year 1956 to impart diploma education in mining engineering, being only one in the state as well as the eastern region. In the year 1986-88, the institution diversified by adding diploma education in mechanical, electrical & drilling engineering & subsequently in 1992, metallurgical engineering was introduced in this institution under world bank assisted project. And in the year 2010 civil engineering branch was introduced.the institution celebrated golden jubilee in the year 2006.this is the only one institution in the eastern India who imparts diploma education in drilling engineering.The Institution Celebrated Golden Jubilee in the year 2006.
The campus of Orissa school of Mining Engineering is located in Keonjhar, the District Headquarters town on N.H. No- 6. The place is well connected by road with Kolkotta (354Kms.), Sambalpur (230 Kms.), Tata (174 Kms.), Rourkela (217 Kms.) & Bhubaneswar (235 Kms.).Nearest Railway head is Keonjhargarh (5 Kms.)-JK Road (115 Kms.)
Surrounded by green mountains in the 44 acres Campus is furnished with spacious Class Room, Modern, and High Tech Laboratories, Workshop, LRUC Hall, Computer Lab, Communication Lab, Office Complex, Library, Hostel for Boys and Girls. To ensure the development of the students it has a Spacious Playground for Foot Ball, Cricket, Indoor Badminton and Volley Ball Court, Gymnasium, Open Air Auditorium. Modernization of the infrastructure has been done with World Bank Assistance for Tech. Education in 1992


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The golf team looks forward to a successful spring campaign as they head back to the green. The squad is led by captain Zach Lambros B.A. '17 M.A. '18, who posted some successful rounds in the fall and include an eighteenth overall finish at the Detrick Invitational hosted by Trinity in September; a respectable 78 in the final round of the Duke Nelson Invitational; and a leading two-day total among competing Cardinals at 165 in the Williams Fall Invitational. In the NESCAC qualifier, Lambros finished twenty-first. The lefty consistently led the team in all tournaments and will be one to look out for as the team starts its spring season.
"I'm excited to get out on the course and really make the most of my last spring season with the team," Lambros said. "I'd like to be down in the 74-75 range to finish out the tournaments… it's really just a matter of connecting the dots and pulling it all together on the course. If I trust my game I know I can get there, it's just going to take some hard work and effort. It's been a fun ride and I just wanna go out on a high note so I can tell my grandkids something positive."
In addition to his personal success, Lambros is looking forward to the team dynamic of his final season.
"I think we have a really tight core group of players who are really close," he said. "We've been playing together for the past few years and have spent a lot of time together, both on the course and also traveling and in hotels. So naturally we're pretty tight and we feel comfortable with each other, which is really important for playing in the Little Three. But we also have such a small team that sometimes we have to take new people to the Little Three, and that's always interesting because you have to try and find some team chemistry in such a short timespan, which can be tough."
After a rocky fall, Lambros hopes the team can move upward in play and in the Wesleyan record books.
"Our goal of the spring is always to win the Little Three and re-establish Wesleyan as the preeminent golf program in Division III central Connecticut. We are clearly the toughest team mentally, and all it takes is one good day to start a dynasty for the ages. I've been telling people to dip their pens…cause WesGolf is about to write history!"
Another key contributor to the team has been senior Andrew Rachlin. Rachlin has been a jack of all trades for the Wesleyan athletic program. A former member of the crew team, and now a member of the golf team, Rachlin has certainly shown athletic versatility. Rachlin tied for fifty-first in the Detrick Invitational in September by shooting an eighty-one on day one, followed by an eighty-nine on day two. Rachlin followed up that steady performance with an eighty-eight on day one and a ninety-two in the final round in the Williams Fall Invitational. Overall, Rachlin has proved a steady anchor for the team. As a senior, his job is to not only perform on the course but also become a leader outside of it.
Senior Brian Gerner has also provided a spark for the golf squad. Gerner shot a solid eighty-five on day one of the Duke Nelson Invitational. He followed that up with another strong round, shooting an eighty-one on day two. In the NESCAC qualifier, Gerner tied for forty-fourth.
The Cards are led by Jeff Gilarde, who is in his fourteenth season as coach. Coach Gilarde has had a few successful campaigns as the coach of the squad, and looks to follow up the fall with a strong performance in the spring.
The Cardinals will open up their season on Saturday, Apr. 21 at the Williams Spring Invitational. This event is filled with NESCAC foes such as Amherst, Trinity, Bowdoin, Hamilton, Middlebury, and Williams. Last year, Williams dominated the tournament. As one of only two spring tournaments, the Cards will look to improve from their 7th place finish last year.
Lambros, Rachlin, and Gerner will have to lead the charge if the squad wants to defeat its dominant opponents. The Cardinals will conclude their spring season just a few days later on April 25 with the Little Three Championship. If the Cards want to have bragging rights over Williams and Amherst, they must put together their best scorecards. We'll see how the season plays out.
Andrew Martin can be reached at firstname.lastname@example.com.
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59% of those who have changed behavior say they have curtailed online shopping. Of those, 71% say they are more cautious about where they purchase online, 67% more careful about entering personal and financial information on web sites, 30% say they shop less online and 28% say they abandon a session if redirected to another web site to enter payment information. 15% say they have stopped shopping on the web completely, according to the survey of 5,000 consumers in September.
Among those who say they have reduced the amount they spend online, 10% say by 75% or more, 24% by 50% to 74%, 41% by 25% to 49%, 19% by 10% to 24% and 6% by less than 10%.
Among those who say they have changed the way they pay online, 42% say they more often use PayPal, an online payment service owned by eBay Inc. 27% say they use credit cards more often and 18% use debit cards more frequently. Those consumers may be aware of the payment protections offered by credit and debit card issuers, says Avivah Litan, the Gartner analyst who authored the report.


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College code:Ice
One day workshop conducted for NDT-ASNT LEVEL II, by MATRIX inspection and Engineering Solutions. The session was somewhat valuable for the students. The whole session was based on different non – destructive techniques, uses and its industrial applications .At the same time they presented the various certifications regarding ASNT-LEVEL II all over the world.
Ilahia College of Engineering & Technology
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Today was a rough one. I don't know, they just couldn't settle today, and I felt as if I had ran a marathon by the end our class period.
At the very end of primary, I had an interaction that lifted my spirits. I was packing up all of my bags, and TK--one of the boys from my old class--turned to one of the kids in my new class and said, "You have the best teacher in Primary. You better be nice to her!"
I nearly started crying. I didn't hug him right then and there and embarrass him, but it was close. Bless you, TK, you totally made my day. And made my train wreck of a Sunday so much better. Thank you.


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It's obvious that art should be widely accessible and we strongly believe that our life can essentially be more bright, colorful and more fulfilled if we surround ourselves with beautiful things and bring art closer to ourselves.
I guess you can say that this is one of the pillars that hold the Lizave Store. That's the vision of our Artist, her desire to bring art closer and something meaningful to our world and share her perspective of sensual art aesthetics with everyone.
Our approach is simple – we take responsibility for delivering these small pieces of beauty and brightness to your life. And when we say that art should be widely accessible – we mean it, so we prepared a variety of products that should give you a warm feeling of holding something truly great and special for a small and affordable price.
Everything you see in our store, every piece you find here is based on the artwork of Lizave and is crafted with care and attention to details.


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Once again, the streets of Whitehorse will be bare as its citizens flock to the next big summer weekend event.
On this weekend, July 29 to Aug. 1, the draw will be the Southeast Alaska S
tate Fair in Haines, Alaska.
The private, non-profit organization is once again filling its 42 acres of land with parades, Bingo, the Logging Show, a Fisherman's Rodeo, singer-songwriter and fiddle competitions, fair rides (from Ferris wheels to mechanical bulls) and carnival games for the kids.
Back in 1968, when it first started in "the little American Legion in Haines", it was organized by the Haines Homemakers Club.
Jessica Edwards, the assistant fair director, says it was more of a home economics fair. But with the resurgence of the back-to-the-land survival skills, the fair still has home arts and crafts, cooking and baking.
There are also food preserving and homemade beer and wine.
Among the 15 food vendors, there will be pizza and Mexican food.
Lately, there has been more of an entertainment focus. Along with rides for the kids, there will be music in the Klondike Saloon (in "Dalton City" on the movie set for White Fang) and workshops.
On the main stage, there will be NANDA, a troupe of four dancing, juggling, Kung-fu acrobats from Washington State, California Hula Hoop artist, Spiral, Grammy-award-winning Inuit musicians and storytellers, Pamyua and blues singer Michelle Fournier.
The headliners will be the funky Yo Mama's Big Fat Booty Band, the northern roots of Trampled By Turtles, hip-hop's Blue Scholars and master guitarist Scott Huckabay.
The Yukon will be represented, as well, by Kim Beggs, Sasquatch Prom Date, Sophisticated Cavemen, Nicole Edwards and Dave Haddock.
"Over the years, we've had good relations with performers in the Yukon," says Edwards. "Nicole has come here for years, and we had a Northern Neighbours Night once.
"There are so many talented people there."
Last year, The WhiskeyDicks came and brought an overwhelming number of Yukoners with them. This was a good thing, since the local radio station wouldn't say "WhiskeyDicks" on the air.
There are not many hotel rooms left, but attendees can try calling 1-907-766-2234 as there may be rooms further from town available.
As well, there will be free camping downtown at Tlingit Park.
"This is a big boon for the town," says Edwards. "It brings in a lot of people."
More information is available at www.seakfair.org.


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The Best of EDC Mexico 2017
This year's EDC Mexico proved a milestone event, as the festival's fourth incarnation broke record numbers. Tucked away in the heart of Mexico City, the fiesta quickly underscored the idea that dance music culture is a borderless community built on universal acceptance and a healthy love of bass, beats and bright lights.
EDC Mexico is a special type of celebration, unique in every flavor imaginable. From our one-of-a-kind Headliners to the larger-than-life stages, beautiful art installations, crazy-fun rides, and the phenomenal local food that fills our bellies, EDC Mexico 2017 was a marvelous mashup of Insomniac vibes and Mexican culture.
Here are a few of our favorite things and moments that filled our souls this weekend.
Two Days of Hardcore-Till-We-Die Energy, Courtesy of Basscon & Bassrush
With our homebase situated right behind Wasteland (read: the walls were shaking and our organs rattling), it was impossible not to let the sonic mayhem of wasteLAND consume you. From the moment Calixto took the stage on Friday afternoon for Basscon's takeover, to Zomboy absolutely destroying the last dance on Sunday night for the Bassrush massive, the velocity of wasteLAND's dank, brutal bass never dipped below 1,000 throughout the weekend. These two camps know exactly who they are and what they're all about. If you were in search of a neurological lesson in hardcore euphoria, this was the spot to get it. There was nothing delicate, restrained or laid-back about the shenanigans happening here. Shout-out to DJ Fury for starting a mosh pit.
EDC Town Hits the Road
Headliner nuptials aren't new to EDC (we've been doing them since 2013), but for the first time ever outside of Las Vegas, Headliners looking to add a little romantic flare to their carnival weekend were able to tie the knot. Well, not legally, but EDC Town's wedding chapel (and post office) did make its virgin voyage outside of Las Vegas Motor Speedway and touched down in Mexico—and the notion wasn't lost on our south-of-the-border friends. Love was, indeed, in the air at EDC Mexico this weekend; the line at the chapel proved it.
The Underground Sounds of neonGARDEN
Yes, the EDM sounds of kineticFIELD are as blissfully banging as they are popular, but don't think for a minute that the underground sounds of house and techno aren't a reigning force to be reckoned with in Mexico City. Adding some depth to the fabric of EDC, this year's lineup featured a sharp selection of technicians (like Jamie Jones, MK, Paul Woolford and Guy Gerber, to name a few) who kept neonGARDEN percolating with energy throughout the weekend. Simply put, we love basic, functional house music—because every underground head knows that basic, functional house music is the bread of life. And we broke bread with a lot of heads this weekend.
Living La Vida VIP
An amazing view of kineticFIELD wasn't the only thing the VIP section provided. From the memory chalk wall to complimentary face paint, body art and beauty bar, not to mention the awesome food truck selection—including pizza, kebabs, smoothies, and gourmet coffee—Headliners were treated to a gaggle of delights inside this year's VIP section. There were even complimentary, custom-designed EDC Mexico show lanyards and laminates.
Daisies, We Brought Daisies
Is it possible to have EDC without daisies? We think not. You probably agree, since our blacklight daisy art installation in EDC Town turned into one of the most popular meetup spots for Headliners to snap some photos in front of. It was a small touch, but it's little things like this that make it possible to fully immerse yourself in the EDC experience.
The Return of Sasha & Digweed
If you were lucky enough to catch living progressive legends Sasha & Digweed at neonGARDEN, then you can now scratch that off your bucket list. The entire electronic music community lost their collective shit when news of their return surfaced last year, and rumors of upcoming performances immediately took off. Speculation became reality when the two iconic producers revived their beloved outfit for a very rare performance on the final night of EDC Mexico, which hosted the duo's second performance as a revived DJ collab (their initial return to the stage went down last year in England). The air at neonGARDEN was thick with music history and proper tunes, as Sasha & Digweed dug mad deep in the crates throughout their extensive four-hour set. Headliners were in emotional unison, as a palpable energy continuously feed our dancing shoes into the late night. There's no doubt we were all witnessing something special, a rare musical memory that we'll keep talking about all year long. And of course, Sasha & Digweed closed out the festival in true class with a final spin of seminal techno classic "Strings of Life." We still have goosebumps.
Feeling the Love at Metaheart
Standing 23 feet tall and beautifully bold in the middle of the madness surrounding kineticFIELD, Metaheart served as the symbol of universal love we experience on every dancefloor. This interactive art installation quickly became a hot spot for Headliners looking to capture an epic selfie or group photo. A quick step back allowed fans a breathtaking view of Metaheart as the sun glistened over its metal skin; nightfall later gave it a second life as it glowed with deep hues of purple and pink from the nighttime lights. When our Funkdafied Freaks took over Metaheart—crawling and climbing all over the colossal structure—they created a scene of outright frenzy and curiosity in a sea of engaged Headliners. Home is where the heart is, and for us, EDC is home for all Headliners. You need only experience Metaheart for proof.
Latin Beats and Global Bass
It was quite the sight to witness local ravers singing along to global DJs like Alesso and the Chainsmokers at the top of their lungs, despite not everyone fully grasping the English language. Even more impressive, though, was seeing some DJs paying homage to the homegrown sounds of Latin America throughout the festival, from Major Lazer dropping salsa and merengue bombs at kineticFIELD, to Boombox Cartel dropping the revolutionary street anthem "Gimme tha Power" from Mexico City–based, Grammy-winning rock band Molotov. Plus, the local acts and international artists were in top form over at the Dos Equis Stage, where fans were served up a taste of Latin beats and global bass from some of the up-and-coming acts from Mexico and greater Latin America. Mexico's own Erick Rincon and Ghetto Kids delivered the goods, while local tastemaker label NAAFI hosted a takeover at upsidedownHOUSE on night two. It's true: Music is universal. We speak our language on the dancefloor—not with words, but with our bodies. Even with language barriers and cultural differences, we're able to communicate with one another through the power of music.
This Headliner's Colorful Cast
Nothing was stopping this Headliner from raving the night away. Kudos to you and your commitment, dude! And thumbs-up on the handmade EDC design on your cast.
PDA Everywhere!
One of the first things we noticed upon our arrival to EDC Mexico was the rampant expression of PDA every which way we looked. Mexicans are known for their love of romance, and there's no better place to express tender feelings and emotions than on the dancefloor. So, to you we say: Dance like the Mexicans do, kiss like the Mexicans do, love like the Mexicans do.
This Gorgeous Sunset
There's nothing quite like a stunning sunset Under the Electric Sky. Every EDC location gifts us a special sundown glow unique to its host city, and Mexico City is always one of our favorites. There's a magic hour that happens between daylight vibes and nighttime antics at every EDC sunset, and this image captures that glorious transition.
The Claw!
Ever wonder what a game of human claw machine would look like? Wonder no more! Headliners lined up all weekend long to get lifted upside-down and hung midair by the legs for a chance at winning this life-size carnival game. It's the game you never knew existed and now can't live without.
Bouncing Vibes at the boomboxARTCAR
This roaming party machine has quickly become a Headliner favorite at EDC Mexico, and this year, the boomboxARTCAR came packing heat with a proper lineup. Day one featured the infectious sounds of local artists like ANG, GMAXX, Kepler, LUJAVO, Rommel and many more. Night two welcomed an all-trance roster of local and international acts, including Coming Soon!!!, Vertical Mode, Perfect Stranger, Eddie Bitar, Ucast and more. You can expect the boomboxARTCAR to roll through the next EDC near you.
Follow EDC Mexico on Facebook | Twitter | Instagram


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When I first thought about today's prompt so many things came to mind, the topic of change especially when it comes to wanting to change yourself is such a huge step to take, and it can range anywhere from changing your physical appearance to mindset shifts to perspectives to personality. And more. Part of me… Continue reading Day 12/30 BLOGGING CHALLENGE – Changes
Tag: changes
How To Stop Self-Sabotaging
When I think of self-sabotaging behaviours one of the first thoughts that come to mind is that, why on earth would people sabotage their own lives? It doesn't make sense. Then the realisation hits me, I am a self-sabotager if you will, except I don't even realise it, and I hadn't even realised it. (I… Continue reading How To Stop Self-Sabotaging
5 Life Lessons I Learnt in Summer 2018
Another year and another summer has passed us by, it's definitely been a life-changing couple of months especially with the new journey that I've got ahead of me and with everything that I've tried to squeeze in before life returns to its somewhat rigid and structured nature. Just to clarify for my new and/or returning… Continue reading 5 Life Lessons I Learnt in Summer 2018
A LIFE UPDATE: Change is on the Horizon
It's begun. The creative block or rather, the unwillingness to create. Don't get me wrong, creating is what I love and may even be what I do best. Except it doesn't feel like that, at least it hasn't been for a while. This is the start of the third week where I've procrastinated opening up… Continue reading A LIFE UPDATE: Change is on the Horizon
Why I don't Celebrate my Blogiversary
This little magical space on the internet that I like to call mine has been around for just over two years, which honestly seems pretty unbelievable, the fact that I'm still here creating (a little less than usual) and that time has flown by incredibly fast. Just like every other blogger on this platform, I… Continue reading Why I don't Celebrate my Blogiversary
Moving On
It's been a while, not a particularly long while mainly because dragging things on unnecessarily can be more painful than the actual reality, and since then I've changed. I seem to say this all the time, I've changed, but it's true we are always changing, it's human nature to evolve and in my case, I'm… Continue reading Moving On
The Thing I Learnt
I was looking back on a draft post I made on what to blog about after exams & one point that really hit me was "to keep the blog posted on the thing that I learn" in hindsight, I think I already knew I was going to change, I always am but this time it… Continue reading The Thing I Learnt
Our Meaning in Life
Life is meant to have flaws, to have its own kind of imperfections, because without them we'd be living in a perfect world. As amazing as it sounds, living in a perfect world is no way near what we as humans need, we need the imperfections to learn, to grow, and to teach us purpose.… Continue reading Our Meaning in Life
The Liebster Award!!
Not too long ago I received my very first nomination for an award that was given to me by another blogger. I remember the immense feeling of joy and happiness and most of all, accomplishment, my work was reaching people and was having an impact. Here I am again with another award, the Liebster Award which… Continue reading The Liebster Award!!
Losing the Spark
Losing the inner spark that an individual has can truly be an upsetting moment. In my opinion, it's a topic that's not spoken about enough and can be relatable, especially to other creators, such as myself. It definitely is a scary thought, and the whole idea was inspired Cecelia Ahern's 'One Thousand Names' although the story… Continue reading Losing the Spark


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Home : Advocacy : Stonewall Inn & Other LGBT Sites : 03/10/16
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Julius' Sip-In 50th Anniversary Approaches
Next month will be the 50th anniversary of the "Sip-In" at Julius' Bar in Greenwich Village, a landmark of civil rights history which helped change the law and attitudes around LGBT people three years before the Stonewall Riots.
In response to this milestone, GVSHP is renewing its push for landmark designation for the 1826 building which houses Julius', which has had a bar in its ground floor since at least 1864. In 2012, GVSHP got Julius' ruled eligible for the State and National Registers of Historic Places. Read more here.
In honor of this effort, the Fred W. McDarrah Estate has generously donated a limited number of high-quality prints of the iconic image of this great moment in civil rights history to be available for sale, with proceeds supporting GVSHP.
Find out more about LGBT history sites in the Village and East Village and GVSHP's efforts to recognize and preserve them here and here.
Next: 03/22/16
Home : Advocacy : Stonewall Inn and Other LGBT Sites : 03/10/16
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Basic 3 Year Business Plan - Subsequent you want to address your projected income and loss.? you'll want to create a visual outlining your numbers over a 3-year duration.? i've covered a pattern beneath as well as a template that allows you to personalize.
Basic 3 Year Business Plan Creative 3 Year Business Plan Example, Komunstudio Solutions
Include whether or not or now not there may be interest (lengthy-time period liability) and the 'extra money' you have for launching your advertising campaign.? explain why or why now not you have or will borrow cash from a bank, used the equity in your property, and many others.
Basic 3 Year Business Plan Nice Business Plan, Startup Business Templates, Business Plan Template Nz Fresh Simple Basic Startup Small Photos
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Basic 3 Year Business Plan Brilliant 5 Year Strategic Business Plan Template, Komunstudio Throughout Strategic Business Plan Template 2236 Ideas
Strategic assessment of plans/dreams at year-end: on the cease of the 12 months, a thorough review of the plan and its procedure have to be mentioned with the group so that it will make the next making plans cycle more powerful and efficient. Check all the a success initiatives and those that fell quick if you want to identify in which the damaged pipes befell inside the procedure. Recall no longer to double-dip on the capital initiatives ebidta contribution for the upcoming year - your budgetary baselines must circulate in live performance with these investments. All tasks that straddle the budgetary year, must be rolled over into the new plan. Enterprise making plans is the road map that identifies in which you are headed in advance. As importantly, it additionally identifies road blocks - earlier. Your business plan must offer a not unusual imaginative and prescient supported by means of tactical tasks that, in the long run, creates more price to your employer. It may appear daunting, but by way of understanding your vision and its corresponding monetary targets, you will have a better risk at executing how to get there and averting traps earlier.