text:
15 Codecache Tuning
This chapter describes techniques for reducing the just-in-time (JIT) compiler's consumption of memory in the codecache, where it stores compiled methods.
This chapter contains the following topics:
The Java Virtual Machine (JVM) generates native code and stores it in a memory area called the codecache. The JVM generates native code for a variety of reasons, including for the dynamically generated interpreter loop, Java Native Interface (JNI) stubs, and for Java methods that are compiled into native code by the just-in-time (JIT) compiler. The JIT is by far the biggest user of the codecache. This appendix describes techniques for reducing the JIT compiler's codecache usage while still maintaining good performance.
This chapter describes three ways to reduce the JIT's use of the codecache:
Constrain the amount of codecache available to the JIT.
Tune the JIT to compile fewer methods.
Tune the JIT to generate less code per method.
java Launcher Codecache Option Summary
The JVM options passed by the
java launcher listed in the tables in this section can be used to reduce the amount of codecache used by the JIT. The table descriptions are summaries. Most of the options are described in more detail in the sections that follow.
How to Use the Codecache Options of the java Command
The options listed in the following sections share the following characteristics.
All options are
–XXoptions, for example,
-XX:InitialCodeCacheSize=32m. Options that have true/false values are specified using
+for true and
-for false. For example,
-XX:+PrintCodeCachesets this option to true.
For any option that has "varies" listed as the default value, run the launcher with
XX:+PrintFlagsFinalto see your platform's default value.
If the default value for an option differs depending on which JVM is being used (client or server), then both defaults are listed, separated by a '/'. The client JVM default is listed first. The minimal JVM uses the same JIT as the client JVM, and therefore has the same defaults.
Codecache Size Options
Table 15-1 summarizes the codecache size options. See also Constraining the Codecache Size.
Codecache Flush Options
Table 15-2 summarizes the codecache flush options.
Table 15-2 Codecache Flush Options
Exit the JVM if the codecache fills
Attempt to sweep the codecache before shutting off compiler
Minimum number of seconds between codecache sweeping sessions
When less than the specified amount of space remains, stop compiling. This space is reserved for code that is not compiled methods, for example, native adapters.
Compilation Policy Options
Table 15-3 summarizes the compilation policy (when to compile) options.
Table 15-3 Compilation Policy Options
1000 or 1500/10000
Number of interpreted method invocations before (re-)compiling
140 to 933
NON_TIERED number of method invocations/branches (expressed as a percentage of
Compilation Limit Options
Table 15-4 summarizes the compilation limit options, which determine how much code is compiled).
Table 15-4 Compilation Limit Options
Maximum number of nested calls that are inlined
Maximum bytecode size of a method to be inlined
Minimum invocation count a method needs to have to be inlined
Inline synchronized methods
Diagnostic Options
Table 15-5 summarizes the diagnostic options.
Table 15-5 Diagnostic Options
Print all JVM options after argument and ergonomic processing
Print the code cache memory usage when exiting
Print the code cache memory usage each time a method is compiled
Measuring Codecache Usage
To measure the success of a codecache usage reduction effort, you must measure the codecache usage and the effect on performance. This section explains how to measure the codecache usage. It is up to you to decide the best way to measure performance for your application.
Start with a baseline (the amount of codecache used when no codecache reduction techniques are applied), and then monitor the effect of your codecache reduction techniques on both codecache size and performance relative to the baseline.
Keep in mind that the codecache starts relatively small and then grows as needed as new methods are compiled. Sometimes compiled methods are freed from the codecache, especially when the maximum size of the codecache is constrained. The memory used by free methods can be reused for newly compiled methods, allowing additional methods to be compiled without growing the codecache further.
You can get information on codecache usage by specifying
–XX:+PrintCodeCache on the
java launcher command line. When your application exits, you will see output similar to the following:
CodeCache: size=32768Kb used=542Kb max_used=542Kb free=32226Kb bounds [0xb414a000, 0xb41d2000, 0xb614a000] total_blobs=131 nmethods=5 adapters=63 compilation: enabled
The most useful part of the output for codecache reduction efforts is the first line. The following describes each of the values printed:
size: The maximum size of the codecache. It should be equivalent to what was specified by
–XX:ReservedCodeCacheSize. Note that this is not the actual amount of physical memory (RAM) used by the codecache. This is just the amount of virtual address space set aside for it.
used: The amount of codecache memory actually in use. This is usually the amount of RAM the codecache occupies. However, due to fragmentation and the intermixing of free and allocated blocks of memory within the codecache, it is possible that the codecache occupies more RAM than is indicated by this value, because blocks that were used then freed are likely still in RAM.
max_used: This is the high water mark for codecache usage; the maximum size that the codecache has grown to and used. This generally is considered to be the amount of RAM occupied by the codecache, and will include any free memory in the codecache that was at some point in use. For this reason, it is the number you will likely want to use when determining how much codecache your application is using.
free: This is
–XX:+PrintCodeCacheOnCompilation option also produces the same output as the first line above produced by
–XX:+PrintCodeCache, but does so each time a method is compiled. It can be useful for measuring applications that do not terminate. It can also be useful if you are interested in the codecache usage at a certain point in the application's execution, such as after application startup has completed.
max_used generally represents the amount of RAM used by the codecache, this is the value you will want note when you take your baseline measurement. The sections that follow describe how you can reduce
Constraining the Codecache Size
Constraining the codecache size means the codecache is limited to a size that is less than what would an unconstrained codecache would use. The
ReservedCodeCacheSize option determines the maximum size of the codecache. It defaults to a minimum of 32MB for the client JVM and 48MB for the server VM. For most Java applications, this size is so large that the application will never fill the entire codecache. Thus the codecache is viewed as being unconstrained, meaning the JIT will continue to compile any code that it thinks should be compiled.
When is Constraining the Codecache Size Useful?
Applications that make state changes that result in a new set of methods being "hot" can benefit greatly from a constrained codecache.
A common state change is from startup to regular execution. The application might trigger a lot of compilation during startup, but very little of this compiled code is needed after startup. By constraining the codecache, you will trigger codecache flushing to throw away the code compiled during startup to make room for the code needed during application execution.
Some applications make state changes during execution, and tend to stay in the new state for an extended period of time. For these applications, the codecache only needs to be big enough to hold the compiled code needed during any given state. Thus if your application has five distinct states, each needing about 1MB of codecache to perform well, then you can constrain the codecache to 1MB, which will be an 80% reduction over the normal 5MB codecache usage for the application. Note, however, that each time the application makes a state change, there will be some performance degradation while the JIT compiles the methods needed for the new state.
How to Constrain the Codecache Size
When the codecache is constrained (its usage approaches or reaches the
ReservedCodeCacheSize), to compile more methods, the JIT must first throw out some already compiled methods. Discarding compiled methods is known as codecache flushing. The
UseCodeCacheFlushing option turns codecache flushing on and off. By default it is on. You can disable this feature by specifying
XX:-UseCodeCacheFlushing. When enabled, the codecache flushing is triggered when the memory available in the codecache is low. It is critical to enable codecache flushing if you constrain the codecache. If flushing is disabled, the JIT does not compile methods after the codecache fills up.
To determine an appropriate
ReservedCodeCacheSize value for your application, you must first see how much codecache the application uses when the codecache is unconstrained. Use the
XX:+PrintCodeCache option described in Measuring Codecache Usage, and examine the
max_used value, which is how much codecache your application uses. You can then try setting
ReservedCodeCacheSize to smaller values and see how well your application performs.
If you are trying to use a small (less than 5MB) codecache, you must consider
CodeCacheMinimumFreeSpace. For larger codecaches, leave the default value alone. Generally, the JIT keeps enough space free in the codecache to honor this option. For a small code cache, add CodeCacheMinimumFreeSpace to your new
ReservedCodeCacheSize. As an example, suppose:
max_used = 3M CodeCacheMinimumFreeSpace = 500k
To reduce the codecache size from 3MB to 2MB, increase
ReservedCodeCacheSize to 2500k (2M+500K) After making the change, verify that
max_used changes to 2M.
When constraining the codecache, usually
CodeCacheMinimumFreeSpace can be set to a lower value. However,
CodeCacheMinimumFreeSpace should be at least 100KB. If free space is exhausted, the JVM throws
VirtualMachineError and exits, or in rare cases, crashes. For the 3MB to 2MB example, the following settings are appropriate:
-XX:ReservedCodeCacheSize=2100k -XX:CodeCacheMinimumFreeSpace=100k
Finding the optimal
ReservedCodeCacheSize for your needs is an iterative process. You can repeatedly use smaller and smaller values for
ReservedCodeCacheSize until your application's performance degrades unacceptably, and then increase until you get acceptable performance again. You should also gauge the incremental return you are achieving. You might find that you can decrease
max_used by 50% with only a 5% performance degradation, and decrease
max_used by 60% with a 10% performance degradation. In this example, the second 10% codecache reduction cost as much performance as the initial 50% codecache reduction. You might conclude in this case that the 50% reduction a good balance between codecache usage and performance.
Reducing Compilations
Reducing the number of compiled methods, or the rate at which they are compiled, is another effective way of reducing the amount of codecache that is used. Two main command line options that affect how aggressively methods are compiled:
CompileThreshold and
CompileThreshold relates to the number of method invocations needed before the method is compiled.
OnStackReplacePercentage relates to the number of backwards branches taken in a method before it gets compiled, and is specified as a percentage of
CompileThreshold. When a method's combined number of backwards branches and invocations reaches or exceeds
CompileThreshold *
OnStackReplacePercentage / 100, the method is compiled. Note that there is also an option called
BackEdgeThreshold, but it currently does nothing. Use
OnStackReplacePercentage instead.
Larger values for these options decreases compilations. Setting the options larger than their defaults defers when a method gets compiled (or recompiled), possibly even preventing a method from ever getting compiled. Usually, setting these options to larger values also reduces performance (methods are interpreted), so it is important to monitor both performance and codecache usage when you adjust them. For the client JVM, tripling the default values of these options is a good starting point. For the server JVM,
CompileThreshold is already set fairly high, so probably does not need to be adjusted further.
Reducing Compiled Method Sizes
There are a number of command-line options that reduce the size of compiled methods, but generally at some performance cost. Like the codecache reduction methods described in other sections, the key is finding a setting that gives good code cache usage reduction, without much performance loss.
The options described in this section all relate to reducing the amount of inlining the compiler does. Inlining is when the compiler includes the code for a called method into the compiled code for the method being compiled. Inlining can be done many levels deep, so if method
a() calls
b() which in turn calls
c(), then when compiling
b() can be inlined in
a(), which in turn can trigger the inlining of
c() into
The JIT compiler uses multiple heuristics to determine if a method should be inlined. In general, the heuristics are tuned for optimal performance. However, you can adjust some of them to sacrifice some performance for less codecache usage. The more useful options to tune are described below:
- InlineSmallCode
The value of this option determines how small an already compiled method must be for it to be inlined when called from a method being compiled. If the compiled version of this method is bigger than the setting for
InlineSmallCode, then it is not inlined. Instead, a call to the compiled version of the method is generated.
- MaxInlineLevel
This option represents the maximum nesting level of the inlining call chain. Inlining becomes much less useful at deeper levels, and can eventually be harmful to performance due to code bloat. The default value is 9. Setting
MaxInlineLevelas low as 1 or 2 ensures that trivial methods, such as getters and setters, are inlined.
- MaxInlineSize
This option represents the maximum bytecode size of an inlined method. It defaults to 35, but is automatically reduced at each inlining level. Setting it very small (around 6) ensures that only trivial methods are inlined.
- MinInliningThreshold
The interpreter tracks invocation counts at method call sites. This count is used by the JIT to help determine if a called method should be inlined. If a method's number of invocations is less than
MinInliningThreshold, the method is not inlined. Raising this threshold reduces the number of method call sites that are inlined. Trivial methods are always inlined and are not subject to the setting of
- InlineSynchronizedMethods
This option can be used to disable the inlining of methods that are declared as
synchronized. Because synchronizing is a fairly expensive operation, especially on multi-core devices, the benefits of inlining even small synchronized methods is greatly diminished. You might find you can disable the inlining of synchronized methods with little or no perceived performance degradation, but with a noticeable reduction in the codecache usage.


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subset: commoncrawl


text:
2016 was a steaming crap sandwich.
Prince and Bowie died. Carol Brady and Shepard died. General Organa and her mom died. Professor Snape and Grizzly Adams died.
And I won't even touch all the political stuff.
So… 2017 HAS to be better, right?
In the spirit of positive intention, I've set a few Writer Resolutions and lucky you! I'm gonna share them.
- Land a publishing contract with a major publishing house.
- Resuscitate my blog.
- Stop being so lazy.
- Finish all 5 of my unfinished writing projects.
- keep being awesome.
#5 is a given (KIDDING!). #4 will be an uphill battle (see #3). But look at me, rockin' #2!
#1 is a pretty big deal. It makes me nervous and excited all at once.
But I'm gonna do it.
Because 2017 is going to be a banner year. I can feel it. Hope you're here to cheer me on (or witness my supreme failures. Whatever.)
Keep Writing ~


text:
Her previous novel Treffen sich zwei sold more than 150.000 copies in German alone!
US Jury Pick – New Books in German
EU Prize for Literature Winning Author The
This is a novel about middle age, when life is again reshuffled. The motto is "stop making sense". Antonius tries to cope with a general feeling of meaninglessness, and finally decides to only do meaningless things from now on. This is why he tidies rubbish bins. When he does not get an answer to his question if rubbish bin care might not be a rather meaningful activity after all, he immediately stops it.
Renate, on the other hand, would like to disappear from her own life. She finds it is dull when it is actually quite comfortable. But it does not bring her joy. That is the present, a hopeless mess. The past has not been better but seems, in hindsight, neat and orderly. Also, Antonius only played a supporting role then. Others have been more active: They fought to occupy a space in their world or in their business; they chased a missing book that seemed to have reappeared; they were in love or not; parents had been murdered, empires crumbled. A lot was going on at that time. What became of all that? By now, the past is already bigger than the future will be.
How the waste is put in order is set in today's capitalistic world, at the interface of times and regimes (Berlin 1990).
Just as her novel Treffen sich zwei, we are intrigued by the serene, and sometimes less serene, interplay of relationships and pairings that Hanika portrays with skill and wit. From EU-prize-for-literature winning author Iris Hanika The translation of this novel is supported by "New books in German" (Goethe-Institut).
304 pp.


text:
Future Engineers returns with family shows and activities for October half term, including science rap, live coding and robot railways.
This October half term, the National Railway Museum's biggest annual event 'Future Engineers' returns for a third year, with a packed programme of activities and shows to inspire the whole family.
The event is part of the Government's Year of Engineering and runs during October half term (27 October – 4 November) in the museum's famous Great Hall. More than 40,000 people from across the region are expected to visit.
Future Engineers is widely supported by the rail industry and is sponsored by Angel Trains, Eversholt UK Rails Group, Porterbrook, People's Postcode Lottery, Bechtel and the Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy.
Among headlining performers this year is award-winning science presenter, author and rapper Jon Chase who returns for a second year, to treat audiences to live hip-hop that covers everything from steam to science and space travel.
There will also be a host of other exciting activities for young people to explore, including the chance to design your own robot railway, to take part in pop-up science shows and to discover how signals work in our 'Screwball Signals' marble maze.
New for 2018 is 'Izzy's Incredible Adventure' – an interactive live show where the audience is invited to help Izzy reach for the stars, finding out how rockets, hot air balloons and hovercrafts work.
Future Engineers will also feature guest displays and pop-up exhibitions from the Science Museum (Our Lives in Data) and the Institution of Civil Engineers (Invisible Superheroes) as well as the chance to meet real engineers working on some of the UK's biggest projects.
Lynne Minett, Head of Learning and Events at the National Railway Museum said:
"Future Engineers is back for a third year and we have an exciting lineup of free shows and activities for families to enjoy over half term. We have a mix of new and returning headline acts including award-winning science rapper Jon Chase, coding workshops and your chance to build a robot railway."
"As well as providing great entertainment, we are hoping to ignite a spark of interest in young people and to break down barriers to show that engineering and science are all around us. We especially want to reach more girls who are underrepresented in engineering, which is why half of our 100 visiting engineers this year will be women."
Since the first Future Engineers launched in 2016, the programme has reached more than 70,000 young people and families.
For 2018, the National Railway Museum has teamed up with the Government's Year of Engineering campaign in a bid to show families the variety and creativity of engineering careers and to inspire more young women to develop an interest in science and engineering.
According to research, the UK needs 203,000 skilled recruits each year until 2024, yet only one third of parents know what an engineer does and only 12% of engineers are women.*
The National Railway Museum is inviting 100 engineers from leading organisations and firms from across the UK to take part and has set a target for 50% of all engineers taking part to be women.
Nusrat Ghani, Minister for the Year of Engineering, said:
"A career in engineering is a chance to create, innovate and shape the future – from travel and space exploration to life-changing technology. Bringing these opportunities to life for young people from all backgrounds is at the heart of the Year of Engineering, and the National Railway Museum's Future Engineers event will do just that."
The National Railway Museum in York celebrates the past, present and future of the railways and tells the story of how engineering and innovation changed the world.
As well as taking part in Future Engineers, families visiting the museum during half term can experience a new exhibition called Testing, which brings people face to face with the UK's latest railway technology from Crossrail, HS2 and the UK's first Hyperloop pod.
There will be a separate programme of Future Engineers events for school groups running from 7-16 November.
The National Railway Museum is open 10.00 to 18.00, admission and most Future Engineers activities are free, although some activities must be booked in advance – see here for details:
For more information, please contact:
Simon Baylis, PR & Communications Manager
01904 686 299
*Research by EngineeringUK and the Royal Academy of Engineering
About the National Railway Museum
- The National Railway Museum in York has the largest collection of railway objects in the world and attracts more than 750,000 visitors per year
- The collection includes over 260 locomotives and rolling stock, 600 coins and medals as well as railway uniform and costume, equipment, documents, records, artwork and photographs
- The National Railway Museum forms part of the Science Museum Group, along with the Science Museum in London, the Museum of Science and Industry in Manchester, the National Science and Media Museum in Bradford and Locomotion in Shildon
- Admission to the National Railway Museum is free, for more information visit: www.railwaymuseum.org.uk
About the Year of Engineering
- The Year of Engineering is a government campaign, which celebrates the world and wonder of engineering
- Throughout 2018, the Government is joining forces with more than 1,400 partner organisations to give young people age 7-16 a million direct and inspiring experiences of engineering and help transform perceptions of engineering careers among young people from all backgrounds, their parents and their teachers
- It forms an important part of the UK's Industrial Strategy which is committed to boosting engineering across the UK, ensuring everyone has the skills needed to thrive in a modern economy
- For more information on the campaign, visit: www.yearofengineering.gov.uk/
About Angel Trains
- Angel Trains is one of Britain's leading train leasing companies and has been an owner and lessor of rolling stock since 1994. The company leases to 18 franchised operators and two open access operators in the UK
- Angel Trains is passionate about financing and delivering high quality, modern assets to its customers and is committed to working with the Government, the Rail Delivery Group ("RDG") and other stakeholders to provide innovative funding solutions to modernise and improve the UK's train fleet
- Angel Trains has invested £5.0 billion in new rolling stock and refurbishment programmes since 1994 and is one of the largest private investors in the industry
- Website: www.angeltrains.co.uk
About Eversholt UK Rails Group
- Eversholt UK Rails Group owns UK passenger and freight rolling stock and has more than 20 years of experience in through-life rolling stock asset and project management
- Over the past two decades, it has invested more than £3bn in rolling stock and today is a supplier to many of the UK's leading Train Operating Companies
- Further information can be obtained on www.eversholtrail.co.uk
About Porterbrook
- Porterbrook Leasing Company Limited ("Porterbrook") is a leading participant in the rail leasing market and has a rolling stock fleet of around 6,000 vehicles on lease or on order, which includes over 4,000 passenger vehicles
- Since privatisation, Porterbrook has invested over £3bn in the UK rail market. The company is looking to invest a further £1bn in Britain's railway over the next five years
- Porterbrook has successfully introduced over 2,500 new vehicles into passenger service. The company continues to invest across its existing fleets to ensure they remain attractive to operators and passengers. Porterbrook also provides ongoing train maintenance services
- In October 2014, the Porterbrook Group of companies was acquired by a consortium of investors including Alberta Investment Management Corporation ("AIMCo"), Allianz Capital Partners ("ACP") on behalf of certain insurance companies of the Allianz Group, EDF Invest and a consortium of UTA/RBS/TIF
About People's Postcode Lottery
- People's Postcode Lottery is a lottery operator in which people play with their postcodes to win cash prizes, while raising money for charities and good causes across Great Britain and globally
- A minimum of 32% from each subscription goes directly to charities, and players have raised £340 million for good causes so far
- For £10 a month, players can win prizes every day: www.postcodelottery.co.uk/prizes
- Maximum amount a single ticket can win is 10% of the draw revenue to a maximum of £400,000
- Players can sign up by Direct Debit, credit card or PayPal online at www.postcodelottery.co.uk, or by calling 0808 10-9-8-7-6-5
- Postcode Lottery Limited is regulated by the Gambling Commission under licences number: 000-000829-N-102511-014 and Number: 000-000829-R-102513-013. Registered office: Titchfield House, 69/85 Tabernacle Street, London, EC2A 4RR
- People's Postcode Lottery manages lotteries promoted by different charities. For details on which society lottery is running each week, visit www.postcodelottery.co.uk/society
About Bechtel
- Bechtel is one of the most respected global engineering, construction, and project management companies. Together with our customers, we deliver landmark projects that foster long-term progress and economic growth
- Since 1898, we've completed more than 25,000 extraordinary projects across 160 countries on all seven continents. We operate through four global businesses: Infrastructure; Nuclear, Security & Environmental; Oil, Gas & Chemicals; and Mining & Metals
- Our company and our culture are built on more than a century of leadership and a relentless adherence to our values, the core of which are safety, quality, ethics, and integrity. These values are what we believe, what we expect, what we deliver, and what we live - www.bechtel.com


text:
Brian G. Eddy
Integrated Ecosystems Modelling and Assessment, Science-Policy Integration
Current research and/or projects
Since a very young age, I have always been fascinated by maps and nature, and I carried this passion into my career. With my background in geoscience and geomatics, I became involved in a wide range of applications conducted across Canada and internationally including geological and natural resources mapping; oceanography and coastal zone management; mapping land cover, biodiversity and protected areas; and integrated resource and environmental management. My doctorate research took on the subject of mapping sustainability indicators, with a focus on integrating socio-economic and biophysical data in a spatially explicit manner. Since joining NRCan and CFS in 2009, I have been actively applying this research as a co-leader for a national integrated assessment as part of the CFS Forest Change initiative under the Canada's Adaptation Platform. My main project now is mapping Canada's Forest Ecumene as a flexible framework for integrating socio-economic and biophysical dimensions in a spatially explicit manner.
Research and/or project statements
Current Research Projects:
- Mapping Canada's Forest Ecumene for bio-physical and socio-economic data integration and modelling in Adaptive Ecosystems Management.
- Development of Areas of Influence methodology for spatially-explicit analysis of multi-stakeholder values in Sustainable Forest Management.
- Development and application of principles of Information Ecology for use in science-policy integration and adaptive management.
Professional activities / interests
- Forest Change Initiative (1.0 and 2.0) – Core Team member/AFC Representative (2011-current).
- Boreal Ecosystems Research Initiative – graduate student research committee: partnership between Memorial University of Newfoundland, Grenfell Campus and Atlantic Forestry Centre, Corner Brook Research Division.
- Masters in Applied Geomatics (MAG) program committee – Memorial University of Newfoundland, Grenfell Campus and College of the North Atlantic, Corner Brook, NL
Education and awards
- Ph.D. in Geography and Environmental Studies, Carleton University, 2006
- M.Sc. in Earth Sciences, University of Ottawa, 1996
- B.Sc. (Hons.) in Geology, Acadia University, 1987
- Recipient of a Senate Medal for Outstanding Academic Achievement at the Ph.D. Level, Carleton University, 2006
- SSHRC Research Assistant, 2003-2006
- SSHRC Doctoral Fellowship, 2003-2005
- Graduate Studies and Research Scholarship, Carleton University, 2001-2005
- SSHRC/Statistics Canada Scholarship – Summer Program in Data Analysis, York University, 2004
- Jack F. Fleming Scholarship, Carleton University, 2003-2004
- NSERC Research Assistant, 1993-1994
International experience and/or work
- Project Manager: INTARIS (Integrated Arctic Resource Information System) - 1995-1998. A $1.6M CIDA project for institutional development, geomatics technology transfer and conversion of 80 years of historical sea-ice and meteorological data for the Russian Arctic (St. Petersburg, RU)
Key publications
- Matthew Miller, L., B. Eddy and M. van Zyll de Jong (2017). "Assessing Climate Change Vulnerabilities in Northern Boreal Forests." International Journal of Climate Change: Impacts and Responses 9: 20.
- McKenney, D., D. Yemshanov, J. Pedlar, D. Allen, K. Lawrence, E. Hope, B. Lu and B. Eddy (2016). Canada's timber supply: current status and future prospects under a changing climate. Great Lakes Forestry Centre, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, Canadian Forest Service, Natural Resources Canada.
- Ste-Marie, C. B., P.; Eddy, B.; Edwards, J.; Gauthier, S.; Mathey, A.-H.; McKenney, D.W.; Parfett, R.; Pedlar, J.H.; Price, D.T.; Stinson, G. (2015). Forest Change — the Canadian Forest Service program on adaptation on climate change. XIV World Forestry Congress. Durban, South Africa: 8.
- Eddy, B. G.; Hearn, B.; Luther, J.E.; Van Zyll de Jong, M.; Bowers, W.; Parsons, R.; Piercey, D.; Strickland, G.; Wheeler, B. 2014. An information ecology approach to science–policy integration in adaptive management of social-ecological systems. Ecology and Society 19(3): 40. doi:10.5751/ES-06752-190340.
- Greene, R.; Devillers, R.; Luther, J.; Eddy, B. 2011. GIS-Based Multiple-Criteria Decision Analysis. Geography Compass 5/6: 412-432. doi:10.1111/j.1749-8198.2011.00431.x.
- Eddy, B.G.; Dort, A. 2011. Integrating Socio-Economic Data for Integrated Land Management (ILM): Examples from the Humber River Basin, western Newfoundland. Geomatica, Vol. 65, No. 3, p. 283-291. doi:10.5623/cig2011-044.
- Greene, R.; Luther, J.; Devillers, R.; Eddy, B. 2010. An approach to GIS-based multiple criteria decision analysis that integrates exploration and evaluation phases: Case study in a forest-dominated landscape. Forest Ecology and Management 260, 2102-2114. doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2010.08.052.
- McAfee, B.; de Camino, R.; Burton, P.; Eddy, B.; Fähser, L.; Messier, C.; Reed, M.; Spies, T.; Vides, R. 2010. Managing Forested Landscapes for Socio-Ecological Resilience. In : Mery, G.; Katila, P.; Galloway, G.; Alfaro, R.; Kanninen. M.; Lobovikov, M.; Varjo, J. (eds.). 2010. Forests and Society - Responding to Global Drivers of Change. IUFRO World Series Volume 25. IUFRO, Vienna, Austria.
For more publications by this author, consult the CFS publications database.
Canadian Institute of Forestry (CIF)
Canadian Association of Geographers (CAG)
Ecological Society of America (ESA)


text:
In search of a versatile winter collection for all your holiday gifting needs? Look no further!
Cold Comfort is shipping to stores now. Grab these cozy designs at your local quilt shop!
These cute fabrics feature wildlife on the brink of hibernation! Grizzlies trudge across moose tracks in search of a cozy spot for the long winter ahead.
Bear Mountain is a published pattern by Jennifer Fulton. This Cold Comfort quilt finishes 50″ x 50″ and is perfect to cozy up in during the colder months!
Happy stitching!


text:
Secret Project Wallpaper: Maddie Clarke – Virtuoso
by Alex White on Mar.21, 2011, under Wallpapers
:Barbara Attilio, Maddie Clarke, Theresa Bupp
Maddie Clarke strikes a chord on her guitar, sending streamers of magic into the night! Thanks so much to Theresa Bupp for posing for us, and to our production assistant, Barbara Attilio! Of course, we must always thank super-producer Brooke Fox, as well!
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Due to COVID, USPS, FedEx, and UPS are experiencing some delivery delays.
Free Domestic Shipping ON ORDERS OVER $50
When it comes to BBQ pork, we're all about the whole hog. From pork shoulder and ribs to chops and tenderloin, let Casa M Spice Co® give you the perfect pork rub for smoking, no matter which cut of pork you are preparing. Our Whole Hog® seasoning brings out the natural flavors of pork with a slight sweetness and a touch of heat to give you the perfect balance of sweet and spicy. Made with all-natural ingredients with no fillers or MSG and low in sodium, get our Whole Hog® pork rub today to spice up your barbecued pork.
Whole Hog® begins with our signature Chain Reaction® blend with sugar, brown sugar, ginger, and other spices added to complement the natural flavors in pork. This seasoning perfectly balances the heat from our unique mix of chiles with a natural sweetness that brings out the innate flavors in pork. The secret to this spice is a sweet herbal heat from ginger which pairs beautifully with heat from the chiles and is balanced perfectly with the sweetness from added sugars.
We recommend getting started with Whole Hog® by trying it on smoked pork shoulder or pork ribs. It also tastes great on pork chops, pork tenderloin, and glazed carrots. This blend contains very low salt, which means you can use this seasoning without ever having to worry about over-salting. Make sure to sear your pork to caramelize the sugars and bring out that signature and unforgettable bark that makes Whole Hog® famous!
Whole Hog® is available in two heat levels. Our Original blend has just the right background heat to excite your tastebuds while our Uncontrolled blend doubles the heat to satisfy the heat lover in all of us while striking the perfect balance between heat and flavor.
Select from a 10 oz stainless steel shaker (including a 1-cup refill bag), the 1-cup refill bag for the stainless shaker, an 8 oz Plastic Shaker, or a 1 pound bulk bag.
Ingredients: brown sugar, sugar, salt, garlic, paprika, spices, capsicums, ginger, onion, & silicon dioxide (anti-caking agent)
Use Promo Code SPICE18 at checkout to get free ground shipping within the USA.
Why not get to know us a little better? Check out this quick video on how we got started, where we're going, and why we put so much love and attention into every batch of spice that we create!
The Story Behind the Brand on Modern Living
Elevate Your Tailgate Food Quest
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New EnglandNE
MISS: Teal Bunbury goes just wide
Attempt missed. Teal Bunbury left footed shot from the center of the box is close, but misses to the right
Full Highlights
- YELLOW CARD: Kelyn Rowe slides in late0:44
- CHANCE: Diego Fagundez just barely misses a tap in0:42
- CHANCE: Kelyn Rowe goes just wide of the far post0:35
- CHANCE: Diego Fagundez can't get it past Lampson0:31
- GOAL: Luis Solignac scores after a deft touch from Michael de Leeuw0:47
- SAVE: Antonio Delamea sees his header stopped by Matt Lampson0:28
- GOAL: Antonio Delamea's open-goal header halves the lead0:43
- CHANCE: Lee Nguyen nearly levels the match0:42
- SHOT: Gershon Koffie goes just over the bar0:37
- CHANCE: New England have a flurry of chances blocked0:44
Connection Lost. Reconnecting...


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Palm Beach, FL -- (SBWIRE) -- 12/17/2013 -- This year, 411 PAIN along with X102.3, Channel 12 and Operation Hope are hosting the Everyone Counts "The One They Turn To" event! From Monday December 16th until Friday December 20th (10am-6pm) they will be at Walmart (4225 45th Street in West Palm Beach) collecting toys and other donations to give to unfortunate families in Palm Beach. Items such as bikes, clothing, books, and toys will be accepted every day until the truck is full.
After all of the donations are collected there will be an event held on Saturday December 21st at Dan Calloway Park where over 800 families will be given all the donations from Operation Hope.
About Operation Hope
Operation Hope was founded in 1989 to extend a hand to homeless individuals and families who need help in troubled times. Our mission is to provide whatever physical, emotional, and financial support we can to put needy men, women, and children back on their feet. Operation Hope provides a variety of services to assist the less fortunate, access to other housing, and additional resource options. Thanks to the contributions of individual donors, community organizations, and areabusinesses, we are able to spread the joy of the holiday season through our annual toy drive.
About 411 PAIN
411-PAIN (1-800-411-PAIN) was founded in 1995 to assist those who have been injured in a car accident. 411 PAIN has grown into a nationwide network that can help people get their lives back on track after an auto accident. 1-800-411-PAIN puts clients in contact with an experienced attorney who can explain their rights and the monetary benefits they may be entitled to depending on the facts of their case. 1-800-411-Pain can help patients recover and heal after an accident through its network of medical providers. 411-PAIN also supports many philanthropic endeavors and gives back to the communities it serves.


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Today our Director of Student Ministries, Brian Morgan, reflects on Psalm 126.
Psalm 126 – When the Lord restored the fortunes of Zion,
we were like those who dreamed.
2 Our mouths were filled with laughter,
our tongues with songs of joy.
Then it was said among the nations,
"The Lord has done great things for them."
3 The Lord has done great things for us,
and we are filled with joy.
4 Restore our fortunes, Lord,
like streams in the Negev.
5 Those who sow with tears
will reap with songs of joy.
6 Those who go out weeping,
carrying seed to sow,
will return with songs of joy,
carrying sheaves with them.
Can you remember the last time you were "filled with laughter," and joy rolled off your tongue? Maybe Christmas is a painful time for you and you are longing to be filled with laughter and joy. How can we get from despair to a place of peace? Psalm 126 shows us that remembering good things are an important way for us to cope with troubles in the present. It reminds us that life was once good, and someday, it just might be so again. Then, when those good days do return, make certain to rejoice!
Psalm 126 is a plea for a reversal of a bad situation, but what's interesting is the order of the verses. The plea comes in verses 4-6; however, verses 1-3 are a celebration of how great it was when the Lord restored Zion. So the celebration comes before the plea. Verses 1-3 are about a previous time when God had delivered Zion, and the psalmist calls these thoughts to mind – both his mind and Yahweh's mind – as he prepared to make his plea. These opening verses remind us that we should not fail to celebrate when things are good.
Verse 4 presents a common biblical image of survival in the desert. The Negeb received little rainfall and has only a few natural springs. When the Lord acts, the desert we have made of our lives, the situation that has become unbearable, suddenly becomes habitable again. Our lives can continue. Notice the feeling of verse 4 is different than the rest. Verse 4 is the plea – it is the point of the whole prayer – "Restore our fortunes, O Lord – Please!"
The second and third image intensifies the desert turned farmland even more. In verse 5 sowing is made in tears. This may represent the hard labor of planting in general, but more likely it represents the futility of planting in a desert with no irrigation. There is a certain kind of despondency and sorrow that comes upon a person who knows (or thinks he/she knows) their hard work is in vain. The seed is planted, and the only moisture for it are the tears of a dehydrated, puffy, and red face made weak from sadness.
But the Lord has acted! Those futile crops, the doomed future, has actually produced something! What was thought to be useless and wasted is actually profitable. Seed becomes sheaves, tears become shouts of joy.
As we anticipate the coming of Jesus, some of us need to remind ourselves of the good times while we are in the midst of sadness. This psalm gives us hope that our tears will eventually turn to shouts of joy, either in this life or the next. As believers, we know the Lord is faithful to use all things for the good of those who love Christ Jesus (Romans 8:28). We also understand this Christmas season can be filled with a mixture of emotions; however, at the very least, can we hold fast to the joy of our salvation (Psalm 51:12), and rejoice that the kingdom of God was brought to earth in a fresh and incredible way through the birth of our Lord and Savior, Jesus Christ.


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This bonnet was part of the Bangers and Cash project which was helping support Roundabout - a local youth housing charity. Part of the UK's first art on rally tour, 23 teams drove from Sheffield to Monte Carlo in a car that was worth £650 or less.
You can find more information about the project here


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Posts Tagged 'cryptocurrency'
Akon Speaks On Having His Own Crypto Currency, New Music And New Artists (Video)
Ever the Cryptocurrency Crusader, Akon is speaking on it and more in his latest sit-down with the Power 105 Morning Show.
Akon drops in to give us all the details on his new crypto currency, Akon, and what he has in store for new music.
– Breakfast Club Power 105.1 FM
Expert Cryptocurrency Investor Ian Balina Speaks On Initial Coin Offerings And Token Metrics (Video)
Got another vid from the cryptocurrency guru Ian Balina. Have you gotten in on this yet? Whether you have or not, lean in. Watch and learn.
Diary Of A Cryptocurrency Made Man: Ian Balina (Video)
I first started investing in Cryptocurrencies early 2017. I didn't know much in the beginning but one of the first people I started to follow on IG, twitter, & youtube was Ian Balina. It's still not too late for people to get involved in Cryptocurrencies.
Introducing Diary of a Made Man, my video diary of my journey in life and in cryptocurrency investing. Get an inside look at the grind, and all the key people and events in the cryptocurrency market. Really excited to share this journey with you all. I believe sharing perspectives like this will help cryptos reach more mainstream adoption.
– Ian Balina
More after the jump, including behind the scenes video.


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Coindesk - 1/13/2020 9:22:25 AM - GMT (+0 )
Japan's top financial regulator plans to reduce the risk to cryptocurrency margin traders by cutting the permitted leverage to two times the deposit.
The Financial Services Agency will impose the new rule in a revision to the Financial Instruments and Exchange Act expected in spring, Japan Times sources said in a report on Saturday.
While the nation's industry already follows a self-imposed rule setting a maximum of four-times leverage, the watchdog aims to halve that due to the volatility of the crypto markets, the article says.
The 2x cap was determined by analyzing historical price movements, as well as cryptocurrency regulations in Europe and the U.S., the sources told the Times. The decision also follows talks with the the Japan Virtual Currency Exchange Association – the country's self-regulatory body.
Margin trading is trading assets using borrowed funds, with leverage being the multiple of the initial deposit that can be borrowed. Some platforms in the crypto space offer leverage of well over 100x.
Noted economist and crypto critic Nouriel Roubini has previously hit out at exchanges offering such high levels of leverage saying they expose traders to too much risk.
Disclosure Read More
The leader in blockchain news, CoinDesk is a media outlet that strives for the highest journalistic standards and abides by a strict set of editorial policies. CoinDesk is an independent operating subsidiary of Digital Currency Group, which invests in cryptocurrencies and blockchain startups.
read more


text: Profile Taren Todd Last activity: on 09/06/2018 Joined: on 09/06/2018 Design quotient Research 0pt Idea 0pt Evaluation 0pt Collaboration 3pt Total 3pt Recent comments (1) View all link Taren commented on We Believe in Battle Creek 02:26, Jun 09, 2018 I went to the movie in the park event. It was really fun and entertaining. I hope to see more events like this in the future.


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If there were no watchmen around, there was no choice other than to run after the criminal yourself. If you discovered a felony, you were legally obliged to apprehend those responsible and notify the constable. Also, if a constable was trying to catch a felon, he could require people to join the 'hue and cry'.
In this case, a man explains the steps he took to catch the highwayman:
This isn't a Garrow case and it shows you just how swift and harsh the justice was. No defence counsel, not even a prosecution. Basically, the judge was in charge and played all the parts …


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Germany, France, Italy and Spain's finance ministers have announced plans to tax tech multinationals, such as Amazon and Alphabet Inc./Google, based on their local revenue rather than their local profits.
According to The Street, although there was no specific tax rate given, the funds raised through the tax "would aim to reflect some of what these companies should be paying" in corporate taxes based on net income.
They would like the EU to develop a region-wide plan to implement their proposal, and plan to present it to all 28 EU finance ministers at a meeting next week.
This news is just the latest sign that European politicians and regulators are uncomfortable with the growing strength of U.S. tech giants in their countries. Last year, the European Commission ruled that Apple owed $14.5 billion in back taxes plus interest for "undue tax benefits" obtained from the Irish government from 2003 to 2014. Apple is appealing the ruling.
It hasn't been all bad news, though. In July, Google won a tax ruling from a French court, which found that Google isn't liable for $1.3 billion in taxes on profits sent to an Irish subsidiary, since it doesn't have a permanent base in France. And last week, Intel won a court ruling that sent a 2009 EU antitrust decision back to a lower court to be re-examined. The company was fined for what the Commission said was an abuse of its top position in the market for computer chips.
This new proposal might receive some opposition from U.S. politicians, especially because of the amount of taxes in play. Google recorded $16.6 billion in revenue from the EMEA region during the first half of 2017, and could do over $35 billion in local sales this year. That means a 10 percent tax would amount to $3.5 billion in payments, while a 15 percent tax would require $5.25 billion in revenue tax.
New PYMNTS Report: Preventing Financial Crimes Playbook – July 2020
Call it the great tug-of-war. Fraudsters are teaming up to form elaborate rings that work in sync to launch account takeovers. Chris Tremont, EVP at Radius Bank, tells PYMNTS that financial institutions (FIs) can beat such highly organized fraudsters at their own game. In the July 2020 Preventing Financial Crimes Playbook, Tremont lays out how.


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This is not for the faint at heart.... This is a drink that can knock your socks off, and really get you in the festive mood! You will have to excuse my pictures.... making this drink was an off the cuff decision the night before Thanksgiving, so I pulled out my camera phone and shot us in action!
Here is what you need:
- Half & Half
- Whipped Cream Vodka
- Peppermint Schnapps
- Mini candy canes (or big candy canes broken up)
This is simple - grab a pretty glass pitcher (because your guests will definitely want some!), and some pretty festive martini glasses.
You will want to do equal parts of Half & Half, Whipped Cream Vodka and Peppermint Schnapps depending on how many people are joining in (again, you have to know that even if they say they don't want some, they will once they see you sipping on it!). If this makes you nervous, send me a message and I will guide you through it, but start with a cup of each and stir. Then you can decide if you want to make more!
WARNING: this drink is STRONG. I mean STRONG. I am not a big drinker, I enjoy a drink every once in a while, but if I have ONE of these, I am giggling. If I have two of these, it's possible I will spray mashed potatoes all over the kitchen when I am getting them ready for dinner :)
Adorn them with a candy cane and you are ready to go! Always drink responsibly. Make sure to have your designated driver, and enjoy ONE, or maybe two of these yummy cocktails!
"It's a fine line between Saturday night and Sunday morning."
― Jimmy Buffett
― Jimmy Buffett
Linked up at:


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It is fair to say that the use of Twitter has revolutionised different aspects of football. It has made an impersonal game a more interactive one. Fans can now see the thoughts and feelings of players before big games. They can ask their favourite players questions and cross their fingers for a reply, and every now and then, they might get one. Every now and then we will get footballers genuine unmediated thoughts on a controversial refereeing decision or talking point. Ryan Babel's picture of Howard Webb in a Manchester United shirt and Ryan Taylor's claims that Ashley Young is the biggest cheat in the league stand out.
Twitter offers us a unique insight to the world of football. An insight that cannot be accessed looking at the back of tabloid newspapers, so much so that newspapers have now begun reporting Twitter arguments as news. Joey Barton inane ramblings are a perfect example of that. However, the emergence of Twitter and increased social media has also given the world of football a new breed of football fan. The hipster football fan.
It seems it is no longer acceptable to just simply follow the league your team is in or to only follow the Premier League and the Champions League. It is now necessary to support a German, Spanish, Italian and French side, while also maintaining interest in what is happening in the Brazilian football world. This new breed of fan does not expect people to simply follow the giants of European football, but take a vested interest in the all Basque Athletic Bilbao and follow the poor season Genoa have had.
Fans are now expected to know who the next Neymar is before the 20 year old has even left Brazil, and anybody who dares state that the English league is the best league in the world will get shouted down with statistics and numbers backing up the German league. Many football fans that use social media will be required to explain why they like a certain player, just liking them is not enough. Statistics and figures are important in football at the moment. It seems that football fans everywhere are required to know a players goal to game ratio and understand Swansea City's average possession per game.
Wanting to know football in this much depth is great thing for the individual. Following five different teams in four different leagues is wonderful. However, it is not necessary for all fans to be like this. Supporting your team and only your team is perfect enough. It is not needed to understand zonal marking to have an opinion on a team's defensive performance. Twitter and the use of social media has done wonders to the game of football, in particular the previously mentioned new relationships between the fans and the players, but this new 'hipster' fan has became an unwanted by-product, and one which likes to look down on other fans.
By Sam Cook


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Girl-on-girl Turns Into Tramp On Man Group-sex
Lana Croft is a hawt little Oriental number that undresses and gyrates around provocatively previous to Audrey starts touching with tongue her wet crack and finger fucking her. That babe grabs a rubber jock and bangs her with it in a tiny in number positions. Things heat up quickly when Billy enters the twosome and Audrey begins face hole pumping him during the time that Lana keeps masturbating. Lana receives fucked doggy style and licks Audrey's fur pie at the same time. More head and Lana begins riding him in reverse crab. Lana screws him in various poses while Audrey masturbates. Doggy style is their last poses and he pounds hard into her and that babe likes each inch of his member inside her.


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What is an FHA Loan? – Complete Guide to FHA Loans | Zillow – Benefits of FHA Loans: Low Down Payments and Less strict credit score Requirements. Typically an FHA loan is one of the easiest types of mortgage loans to qualify for because it requires a low down payment and you can have less-than-perfect credit. For FHA loans, down payment of 3.5 percent is required for maximum financing.
Fha Housing Loans fha loan requirements and Guidelines for 2019 | The Lenders. – With a low 580 credit score requirement and just a 3.5% down payment, FHA mortgages are the easiest type of mortgage loan to qualify for. In this article, we will.
How and Where to Get an FHA Loan: A Guide for Borrowers. – The Federal Housing Administration only insures the loan, so the lender gets reimbursed if the borrower defaults later on. In order to get an FHA loan, you'll need to choose a lender that's approved to offer these loans. On the HUD website, there's a tool that will help you locate an FHA-approved lender in your area.
Pros And Cons of a North Carolina FHA Loan Carolina Home. – The Federal Housing Administration (FHA) is the largest mortgage insurer in the world, insuring both single- and multi-family and manufactured homes.Roughly 30 percent of home loans are FHA mortgages.We do a lot of FHA loans here in North Carolina. Most often, the FHA mortgage appeals to. First-time home buyers.
Home Mortgage Houston Qualification For Fha Houston Mortgage | Texas Home Loans – Apply For A Home Loan With Ease. It is our pleasure to offer all of our exceptional mortgage services online. Through Houston Mortgage you not only have access to the best Texas home loans available in the marketplace, but you can review alternatives, and even apply for your loan, at your convenience, online – 24 hours a day.
How To Get an FHA Loan | FHA Mortgage Lenders | FHA Loan. – Getting FHA Mortgage Lenders in NY is not an overwhelming process if you are. WHERE CAN I FIND FHA LOAN LENDERS NEAR ME?
FHA to launch low class housing units in Zuba – The FHA. places," he said. Earlier, Fashola had commended FHA for not compromising on the quality of the building.
How to Qualify for an FHA Loan: Real Estate Broker Guide – How to Get an FHA Loan. The Federal Housing administration (fha) offers special loans to help families who do not qualify for conventional loanspurchase housing. All FHA loans are federally insured and all FHA lenders have been approved by.
HUD.gov / U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) – 232 Loan Servicing & Asset Management. Reverse Mortgages through FHA's Home Equity Conversion Mortgages (HECM) Limits a list to Lenders who have done a HECM within the past 12 months. Find the address of the HUD office near you.
203K Loans in Vermont | Mansfield Mortgage Professionals – 203K REHABILITATION MORTGAGE INSURANCE Limited 203k Loan. FHA's Limited 203k program permits home buyers and homeowners to finance up to $35,000 refinance mortgage to repair, improve, or upgrade their home.
FHA Streamline Refinance guidelines & rates – Homeowners in places like Florida. Remember: the faster you close, the bigger your FHA MIP refund. Get today's live.
Should I Use an FHA Loan to Buy a House in Denver? – You have a lot of mortgage options when buying a home in Denver, and the FHA loan program is one of them. Here's what you should know.
Financing: Who is the best bank to go with for an FHA loan. – Who is the best bank to go with for an FHA loan? Find answers to this and many other questions on Trulia Voices, a community for you to find and. Get answers, and share your insights and experience.


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Adapteo Plc Press release 6 August 2019 at 02:00 p.m CEST
Adapteo results for the first half of 2019 will be published on 15 August 2019, at approximately 07:30 a.m. CEST.
Adapteo invites analysts, investors, and the media to attend a presentation following the release of the results.
Time: 09:00 a.m. CEST, 15 August 2019
Place: Operaterrassen, Karl XII:s torg in Stockholm, Sweden
To attend the presentation, please submit a notification via: https://financialhearings.com/event/12159/register/live_event
Follow online: https://tv.streamfabriken.com/adapteo-q2-2019
Adapteo management will present and comment on the report. The presentation will be held in English and a recorded version will be available after the conference via https://www.adapteogroup.com/investors/financial-report/
To follow on phone, please use Dial-in number FI: +358981710521 SE: +46850558368
For additional information, please contact
Timo Pirskanen, CFO, +358 50 3154320, firstname.lastname@example.com
Hanna Wennberg, SVP Marketing and Communication, +46 76 256 10 62, email@example.com


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Reed canary grass is a non-native species that was intentionally planted on the Kenai Peninsula to control erosion. Unfortunately, the grass grows so well, even in the middle of rivers and streams, that it can cause the channel to narrow or dam up completely.
When this happens in salmon streams, loss of fish habitat can occur, along with the creation of barriers to spawning and migration.
Since the reed canary grass that Kenai Watershed Forum is going after is located near salmon streams, spraying herbicide is not our first choice for getting rid of the grass.
Instead, black tarps will cover the grass to block out sunlight for several summers. In cases where the grass is growing in the channel of the river, the plant will be repeatedly mowed down below the water level in an effort to drown it.
While the grass is not yet waving a white flag, KWF made significant progress this summer at Jim's Landing, Beaver Creek and Bing's Landing. Still, there are over 250 known infestations of reed canary grass on the Kenai Peninsula, but most of them are less than an acre, making this an ideal time for control measures. If all goes well, next year's battlegrounds will include Boat Launch Road and Slikok Creek.
Josselyn O'Connor is the membership coordinator and office manager with the Kenai Watershed Forum.


text: Last night my phone chirped a me that I had a text. All it said was "The Highwaywomen – The Chain". No ling was provided, so I had to go look myself. You think, "how could anyone cover that song and have it be any good?" Then you watch the video and you say, "THAT.. That is how you cover that song and have it be any good!". The video is form the Howard Stern Show…give it a go….


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These tips are perfect for aspiring entrepreneurs who hope to start an aromatherapy products and services business. Make sure you consider this advice before you start!
We provide our pertinent advice on opening an aromatherapy products and services business.
(article continues below)
How to Write an Effective Aromatherapy Products & Services Company Business Plan
A business plan isn't just another startup formality. It's a core business document that will guide your aromatherapy products and services business's decisions and activities on a go-forward basis.
The best business plans are practical documents that reflect actual business realities. To be reliable, your business plan can't include best guesses or intentional exaggerations.
The more effort you invest in the details of your plan, the greater the payoff you will receive from your efforts. As a further guide, consider what the experts say about business plan writing.
Consider the Competition
Prior to opening an aromatherapy products and services business within your community, it's a good idea to see how many competitors you have. Use the link below to generate a list of competitors in your area. After following the link, enter your city, state and zip code to get a list of aromatherapy products and services businesses in your area.
How are you going to successfully complete with existing firms? It's important that you never underestimate the competition.
Find Good Remote Business Advice
Once you've finished assessing the competion, the next step is to have a conversation with someone who is in the business. Local competitors are not going to give you the time of day, mind you. Why would they want to educate a future competitor?
Thankfully, an owner of a an aromatherapy products and services business outside of your community may be willing to share their entrepreneurial wisdom with you, as long as they don't view you as a competitive threat. In fact, they are often very willing to share startup advice with you. In my experience, you may have to call ten business owners in order to find one who is willing to share his wisdom with you.
Where do you find an aromatherapy products and services business entrepreneur who is willing to talk to you but doesn't live nearby?
Simple. Let your fingers do the walking by using the link below.
Guidelines for an Aromatherapy Products & Services Business Acquisition
There are a lot of reasons why it may be preferable to acquire an aromatherapy products and services business instead of starting a new business venture.
An acquisition isn't necessarily a bed of roses. You'll need to thoroughly evaluate the factors involved with buying a business. First and foremost, it's important to make sure the business is the right fit for your personal and professional goals.
If the business appears to meet your requirements, you'll need to verify your impressions through broker-assisted due diligence and legal research.
Consider Franchising
Your chances for thriving in your new business increase if you opt for franchising instead of doing it all on your own.
Prior to making the decision to open an aromatherapy products and services business, you would be wise to check out whether franchising might help you on your entrepreneurial journey.
The link below gives you access to our franchise directory so you can see if there's a franchise opportunity for you. You might even find something that points you in a completely different direction.
More Advice for Startups
These additional resources regarding starting a business may be of interest to you.
Naming My Business
What Business Should I Start?
How to Find Start-Up Capital
Conversation Board
What should we add to this article to help teach people how to start an aromatherapy products and services business? Your feedback is always appreciated.
Already Own an Aromatherapy Products & Services Business?
If you already are in business and came here to learn about growing an existing aromatherapy products and services business, these resources will come in handy:
Marketing an Aromatherapy Products and Services Business
Selling an Aromatherapy Products and Services Business
Are You Selling to Aromatherapy Products & Services Businesses?
If you sell to aromatherapy products and services businesses, we've got better information for you elsewhere on our site. These resources are more appropriate for you:
Selling to Aromatherapy Products and Services Businesses
Mailing Lists for Aromatherapy Products and Services Businesses
More Guides on How to Start a Company
If you are interested in starting a different kind of business, please browse our directory of guides below.
Additional Resources for Entrepreneurs
Entrepreneur FeaturesEmployee to EntrepreneurSmall Business EthicsGood Business BooksStudying EntrepreneurshipHow Kids Make MoneySocial EntrepreneurshipMergers and AcquisitionsEntrepreneur Blogs


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Hydraulic Properties
Groundwater flow through porous media depends on six basic physical properties. For water they are density (ρ), viscosity (μ) and compressibility (β); and for the media porosity (n, or void ratio e), permeability (k) and compressibility (α). For porous media, porosity can be further subdivided into total porosity and effective porosity, the latter term referring to the degree of interconnectedness of the pore spaces through which a fluid flows. Commonly used porous media parameters including hydraulic conductivity (K), specific storage (Ss), storativity (S) and transmissivity (T) are derived from these basic properties (Freeze and Cherry, 1979; Domenico and Schwartz, 1990).
The text below provides hydraulic conductivity estimate considerations for the study area. It is anticipated that summaries of hydraulic conductivity data and other hydrogeologic parameter estimates (e.g. porosity, Storativity, Transmissivity) will be provided once the data have been more fully collated and compiled within the program database.
Hydraulic Conductivity (K)
Hydraulic Conductivity (K) is a parameter that describes the capacity of a soil or rock unit to transmit water and is dependent on the properties of both the fluid and the matrix (e.g. Bear, 1979; Freeze and Cherry, 1979; Domenico and Schwartz, 1990). Based on the six basic physical properties above it is defined as;
K = (k ρ g)/μ [1]
where g is the acceleration due to gravity.
Hydraulic conductivity varies over a wide range depending on the rock or soil unit (Figure 1) and this is true for the geologic deposits found within the study area which can be characterized as having large facies changes over very short distances. The geologic deposits overlying bedrock within the study area reflect a sequence of alternating glacial events, leading to deposition of till sediment, and fluvial/lacustrine events leading to deposition of a wide range of sediments ranging from gravel and cobbles to clay. The deposits within the study area are heterogeneous and as such are characterized by a large variability in hydraulic conductivity often over short distances. While values of K should be determined locally, the estimates provided in this discussion are intended to illustrate the range of estimates reported.
Hydraulic conductivity estimates can be obtained in two broad ways, one being through measurements in the field (e.g. slug testing, pumping tests), and the second being through various numerical modelling estimation methodologies. Field measurements tend to reflect (to varying degrees, depending upon the type and length of testing) the hydraulic conductivity of the geological formation in the vicinity of the well screen. Regional numerical modelling estimates would generally, but not necessarily always, reflect a more "bulk" hydraulic conductivity estimate where a practitioner has assigned a particular hydraulic conductivity value to a particular formation in order to calibrate a regional numerical groundwater flow model.
As an example of the variability in hydraulic properties, a summary of the estimated hydraulic conductivity values within the Duffins and Petticoat Creek watersheds is provided in Table 1.
Figure 1: Range of values of Hydraulic Conductivity and Permeability. From Freeze and Cherry,1979.
Table 1: Summary of field measured Hydraulic Conductivity (m/s) estimates with the Duffins and Petticoat Creek watersheds. Table from Gerber and Howard, 2000.
The YPDT-CAMC program has an extensive library of hydrogeological reports. Efforts have been initiated to compile hydraulic conductivity estimates from within these reports for incorporation into the program's database. The locations of estimates that have already been incorporated into the database are shown on Figure 2.
Figure 2: Locations of hydraulic conductivity estimates within the database. Data from various sources listed in References.
Determining the hydraulic conductivity of aquitard units is more difficult than for aquifers owing to the longer timeframes needed to induce and measure a hydraulic response and because secondary permeability structures such as fractures become important (Bradbury et al., 2006; Cherry et al., 2006; Konikow and Neuzil, 2007). This is particularly true for the three major aquitards present within the study area (Halton Till/Upper Newmarket Till; Lower Newmarket till, and Sunnybrook Drift). Hydrogeologic investigations conducted by MM Dillon Limited (MM Dillon Limited, 1990; Interim Waste Authority, 1994a-e) and continued by Gerber (Gerber, 1999; Gerber and Howard, 1996, 2000; and Gerber et al., 2001) suggest that the Lower Newmarket till aquitard can be considered a dual porosity (and therefore a dual hydraulic conductivity) medium with bulk hydraulic conductivity (K) controlled by non-matrix structures or pathways (Figure 3; Gerber et al., 2001). Horizontal pathways include sand and gravel interbeds and boulder pavements marking erosional surfaces. These have been identified in the Newmarket Till in outcrop and shallow seismic reflection profiles (Boyce et al., 1995 and Boyce et al., 1997). Vertical pathways include fractures, sand dykes, and steeply-dipping shear surfaces. Isotopic data (2H, 18O and 3H) and regional water balance/groundwater flow modeling (Gerber, 1999) suggest vertical bulk K values on the order of 5×10-9 to 10-10m/s. Hydraulic conductivity estimates for the Newmarket Till matrix material which were obtained from triaxial permeability and slug testing, in contrast, yield much lower estimates ranging from 10-11 to 10-10 m/s. Based on the K estimates and on modelling studies, the vertical leakage through the Newmarket Till to the underlying Thorncliffe Aquifer is estimated at 30-40 mm/yr on a regional basis. The amount of vertical leakage will differ where the till has been eroded or even entirely removed by meltwater erosion (tunnel channels) and will depend on the nature of channel infill sediments and vertical hydraulic gradients.
Figure 3: Conceptual model of the internal architecture of the Newmarket/Northern Till aquitard (from Gerber et al., 2001).
AECOM Canada Ltd. 2009. Halton Hills Tier 3 Water Budget, Phase 2 and Phase 3 Field Program Update. Prepared for the Regional Municipality of Halton, 326p.
Bear, J. 1979. Hydraulics of Groundwater. McGraw-Hill, Inc.
Boyce, J.I. 1997. Facies architecture and stratigraphic heterogeneity in glacial deposits and their relation to hydrogeologic function. Unpublished Ph.D. thesis, University of Toronto. 203p.
Boyce, J.I., N. Eyles and A. Pugin. 1995. Seismic reflection, borehole and outcrop geometry of Late Wisconsin tills at a proposed landfill near Toronto, Ontario. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 32: 1331-1349.
Bradbury, K.R., M.B. Gotkowitz, D.J. Hart, T.T. Eaton, J.A. Cherry, B.L. Parker and M.A. Borchardt. 2006. Contaminant Transport Through Aquitards: Technical Guidance for Aquitard Assessment. AWWA Research Foundation, 176p.
Bradbury, K.R. and E.R. Rothschild. 1985. A computerized technique for estimating the hydraulic conductivity of aquifers from specific capacity data. Ground Water, 23(2), 240-246.
CH2M Hill Canada Limited. 2009. Geological and Hydrogeological Environment, Existing Environmental Conditions Technical Support Document, New Nuclear – Darlington Environmental Assessment. Prepared for Ontario Power Generation Inc., 739p.
Cherry, J.A., B. Parker, K.R. Bradbury, T.T. Eaton, M.B. Gotkowitz, D.J. Hart and M.A. Borchardt. 2006. Contaminant Transport Through Aquitards: A State-of-the-Science Review. AWWA Research Foundation, 152p.
Coffey Geotechnics Inc. 2011. Geotechnical Data Report, Preliminary Geotechnical Investigation for Twin Tunnels, Eglinton Crosstown Light Rail Transit. Prepared for the Transit City Group – Toronto Transit Commission, March.
Domenico, P.A. and F.W. Schwartz. 1990. Physical and Chemical Hydrogeology, 2nd Edition. John Wiley and Sons, Inc.
Freeze, R.A. and J.A. Cherry. 1979. Groundwater. Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Funk, G. 1977. Geology and Water Resources of the Bowmanville, Soper and Wilmot Creeks IHD Representative Drainage Basin. Water Resources Report 9a, Ontario Ministry of the Environment, Water Resources Branch. Note: Data shown on Figure 2for Orono and Newcastle areas from this reference.
Gerber, R.E. 1999. Hydrogeologic behaviour of the Northern till aquitard near Toronto, Ontario. Unpublished Ph.D. thesis, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. 253 pages.
Gerber, R.E. and K.W.F. Howard. 1996. Evidence for recent groundwater flow through Late Wisconsinan till near Toronto, Ontario. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 33, 538-555.
Gerber, R.E. and K.W.F. Howard. 2000. Recharge through a regional till aquitard: Three-dimensional flow model water balance approach. Ground Water, 38(3), 410-422.
Gerber, R.E., J.I. Boyce and K.W.F. Howard. 2001. Evaluation of heterogeneity and field-scale groundwater flow regime in a leaky till aquitard. Hydrogeology Journal, 9(1), 60-78.
Golder Associated Ltd. 2009. Toronto-York Spadina Subway Extension, Summary of Available Geo-Engineering Historical Factual Data. Prepared for Toronto Transit Commission, September, Contract A85-77.
Interim Waste Authority Limited. 1994a. EA document IV, geology/hydrogeology, technical appendix 1: Site T1 for Durham Region landfill site search. Prepared by M.M. Dillon Limited, February, 1994.
Interim Waste Authority Limited. 1994b. EA document IV, geology/hydrogeology, technical appendix 2: Site EE4 for Durham Region landfill site search. Prepared by M.M. Dillon Limited, February, 1994.
Interim Waste Authority Limited. 1994c. EA document IV, geology/hydrogeology, technical appendix 3: Site EE10 for Durham Region landfill site search. Prepared by M.M. Dillon Limited, February, 1994.
Interim Waste Authority Limited. 1994d. IWA landfill site search, Metro/York Region, Step 6 hydrogeological report Site M6. Prepared by Fenco MacLaren Inc, February 1994.
Interim Waste Authority Limited. 1994e. Detailed assessment of the proposed site EE11 for Durham Region landfill site search, Technical appendices Parts 1 and 3 of 4. Prepared by M.M. Dillon Limited, October 1994.
Interim Waste Authority Limited. 1994f. Detailed assessment of the proposed site C-34B for Peel Region landfill site search. Prepared by Golder Associates Ltd., November.
Interim Waste Authority Limited. 1994g. IWA Landfill Site Search, Metro/YorkRegion, Step 6 Hydrogeological Report, Sites G1B and G1C. Prepared by Fenco MacLaren Inc., February.
Interim Waste Authority Limited. 1994h. IWA Landfill Site Search, Metro/YorkRegion, Step 6 Hydrogeological Report, Sites V3B, V4A and V4D. Prepared by Fenco MacLaren Inc., January.
Interim Waste Authority Limited. 1994i. Detailed assessment of the proposed site V4A for Metropolitan Toronto/York Region landfill site search, Technical Appendix C Geology/Hydrogeology. Prepared by Fenco MacLaren Inc., November.
Interim Waste Authority Limited. 1993a. IWA Landfill Site Search, Peel Region, Step 6 Hydrogeological Report, Site B-15b. Prepared by Golder Associates Ltd., December.
Interim Waste Authority Limited. 1993b. IWA Landfill Site Search, Peel Region, Step 6 Hydrogeological Report, Site B-21c. Prepared by Golder Associates Ltd., December.
Interim Waste Authority Limited. 1993c. IWA Landfill Site Search, Peel Region, Step 6 Hydrogeological Report, Site B-22d. Prepared by Golder Associates Ltd., December.
Interim Waste Authority Limited. 1993d. IWA Landfill Site Search, Peel Region, Step 6 Hydrogeological Report, Site C-48. Prepared by Golder Associates Ltd., December.
Konikow, L.F. and C.E. Neuzil. 2007. A method to estimate groundwater depletion from confining layers. Water Resources Research, 43, W07417, 15p.
M.M. Dillon Limited. 1990. Regional Municipality of Durham Contingency Landfill Site Assessment Technical Support Volume B, Technical Report, Hydrogeology. September 1990.


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Becca's Create Escape
Where I go to escape from the troubles of the day and get my creative fix!
Tuesday, August 9, 2011
My girl's birthday
I have 2 girls. Both had birthdays in July. This card was made for my then-12-year-old last summer. She keeps it on her window ledge in her "initial display" - other T items she's collected.
I used the Baroque Motifs set, my 1-3/4" scalloped circle punch, Tempting Turquoise craft ink and card stock, black card stock, some rhinestones, and a ribbon I am still hoarding, along with a chipboard letter I picked up somewhere and butterfly punches. I inked the T with craft ink, cured it with my heat tool, and sprayed it with some glitter spray I had in my cabinet.
I love that something little I made for my sweet girl was worthy of immortalization in her room! :)
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Vurnon Anita took DeAndre Yedlin "under his wing" when the American signed for Newcastle United in the summer - and the pair enjoy an excellent relationship, despite competing for the same position.
This season, Rafa Benitez has primarily used the versatile Anita at right-back, meaning that before his ankle injury he was competing with Yedlin for a starting berth.
Yet, despite the pair being in direct competition for that right-back slot, Yedlin has revealed that they are very good friends off the pitch.
In fact, since 23-year-old Yedlin joined Newcastle from Tottenham Hotspur in the summer, Anita has become a bit of a mentor for the US international.
The pair are good friends off the field, something Yedlin has shown by posting photos of them together on - including one containing the hashtag '#yedlinsteaparty', which was trending on Tuesday evening.
"Vurnon is such an experienced player so it's nice because he's teaching me while competing with me," Yedlin said of the 27-year-old Dutchman, who is expected to be sidelined for another few weeks with ankle-ligament damage.
"And I wouldn't even really say competing actually because, at the end of the day, we have one goal and that is to get promoted.
"We have a very good relationship.
"Vurnon is one of the guys that, when I first came here, took me under his wing a little bit.
"We get along well with each other and he's just really good company.
"He's always smiling and having fun; I'm exactly the same, I like to be happy and keep joking around.
"We have very similar personalities and that only rubs off well on each other."
Yedlin has started 13 league games this term, compared to Anita's 16.
While the American offers an attacking option from right-back given his electric pace, Benitez opts for Anita when he wants to add greater discipline and defensive nous to his back four.
But both are enjoying very good seasons for United, and Yedlin believes the competition for a starting place is only benefitting both of them.
"It's dependent on how you look at it," Yedlin replied when asked whether he sees contending with Anita to be a positive or negative thing.
"Some players look at it in different ways; the way I look at it is that it's healthy competition.
"If Vurnon is not doing well, or vice-versa if I'm not doing well, then that can cause the other player to get comfortable.
"That person then might not be in a rush to do the best they can, so we keep pushing each other every day in training.
"Neither of us can really have an off day or an off game, because then we could well lose our position.
"It's great. It brings out the best side of both of us."


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Friday, December 16, 2011
This time, I think the blue-black mark is little too many over both her legs therefore I've used some lotion to massage on them; according to old folks this will quicken the healing. See, its colour have changed so much after a day.
The funniest part is Sarah enjoy the rubbing a lot. She prefers "hard one" rather than just gentle massage.
10 comments:
- Small Kucing said...
mine here also....blue black every where. But opposite to Sarah he hates to be rubbed :(
- December 16, 2011 at 8:40 PM
- slavemom said...
That's a common sight in my hse too. When it comes to rubbing, my kids hv different preference. Ah boy is scared of pain (so hv to be vy gentle), but ah girl will giggle when I rub hard. :D
- December 17, 2011 at 8:41 AM
- Sarah's Daddy and Mommy said...
So cute lah XY, I can imagine the "giggling" moment when you rub the bruises hard.
- December 18, 2011 at 7:24 AM
- Sarah's Daddy and Mommy said...
Joshua also the same hor. I think is very normal that kids have it and even adult too (me, hehe).
- So normally Joshua will run away lor when try to rub the bruises for him:-O)
- December 18, 2011 at 7:30 AM
- Alice said...
adui....hopefully won't leave any scar behind because later would become 10cents 5 cents leg, not pretty lo. Hehe.
I think fall down is pretty common, my friends and parents used to be panic when little Carol fell down and knocked her head, but I thought that is pretty common. Even I knocked myself against the lamp post, haha.
- December 19, 2011 at 12:20 AM
- Our Princesses said...
Yeng, I remembered when we were young, dad did the massage for us :) We scare to even show him the bruises...
- December 19, 2011 at 6:30 PM
- ChloeRuoyi said...
I think the rubbing part will worsen the blue-black mark and make it appear darker and bigger (contrary to what the old folks think). I usually just leave it as it is :)
Regarding Chloe's school, yes, it is YC. Oh, so you are an "old student" there :)
- December 20, 2011 at 5:51 AM
- Sarah's Daddy and Mommy said...
Ya hor, it was a "scary" thing showed the bruises to dad. He will have no hesitation to massage the blue-black mark hard! :-)
I do agreed with your statement because the colour of the bruises was so "frightening" on the next day. But somehow, when I see the bruises are all over her legs, I cannot tahan.
- Is YC hor. I am proud to be a YCian:-)
You know what, my dad was from YC too.
- December 20, 2011 at 8:48 AM
- Rose world said...
That one tough girl you have there!
- December 20, 2011 at 9:25 PM
- Sarah's Daddy and Mommy said...
Haha. She is only tough when comes to the massaging.
Many hor..tat's why I cannot tahan and have to start rubbing it. Or else, I will just leave it as it is.
- Sarah is very rough one. She could run very fast and then suddenly W-Sitting on the floor. But she felt no pain but later, the next day the bruises will be all on her legs.
- December 21, 2011 at 7:43 AM


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Disney by Enesco: Collectable Figurines Showcase & ReviewHome » Everything Disney »
I'm really excited to be showcasing and reviewing several collectable figurines from Disney by Enesco, including Disney Traditions, Disney Enchanting, and Disney Showcase.
The different collections feature many beloved Disney characters, but I wanted to focus on Disney Princesses. (The live action version of Beauty & The Beast is released in March 2017.) So I'll be sharing some of my favourite Princesses (official ones, and not so official!) with you in this post.
Enesco have also kindly provided a Disney Showcase Haute-Couture Belle Masquerade figurine for me to giveaway! Keep reading to find out how to enter!
If you are new to my blog you won't know that I love all things Disney, and have several collections of various Disney merchandise. Of course, if you're a regular reader, you will know this!
My figurine collection started when my husband bought me this Disney Enchanting Mickey & Minnie figurine, entitled Always By Your Side for our 5th wedding anniversary. I absolutely love it!
The Disney figurines that I'm showcasing are all made from resin, hand painted (so unique variations are to be expected) and packed in a branded gift box. They are not a toy or children's product. Intended for adults only. They make wonderful gifts for loved ones, or as a gift to yourself! With so many different styles and characters, it is easy to become enthralled, and find yourself becoming a collector! I was sent five different figurines to review, across the three collections showcased in this post.
Disney Traditions Collection
A magical collection by award-winning artist Jim Shore, who combines much-loved characters from Disney films with American folk art-inspired patterns and bold colours, in a style that is unique and instantly recognisable.
Disney Traditions was launched in 2006. Featuring all of Disney's classics such as Snow White, Tinker Bell and Fantasia to new Disney characters from much-loved Disney films, including: Tangled, The Lion King and of course, Frozen. These magical characters are depicted in a number of formats including figurines, waterballs, musicals and hanging ornaments, perfect as a gift or an addition to your collection.
My favourite Disney Princess has always been Princess Aurora – or more commonly known as Sleeping Beauty. The Disney Traditions figurine of Aurora is called Wonder and Wisdom, and features her holding the tiny Blue Fairy – Merryweather – in her hand – I'm not sure which one is imparting their wisdom! This figurine stands at 18cm. Aurora stands upon a platform, in her pink dress (which I'm pretty sure Merryweather isn't happy about!). As with all the pieces that I received from Enesco, the attention to detail is wonderful, and I love that each one is slightly unique because they are all handpainted.
Growing up, one of my favourite Disney movies was Robin Hood. Maid Marian isn't an official Disney Princess, but she is the cousin of the King Richard, so she is a Princess! Anyway, I don't often see merchandise from this movie, so to have a Disney Traditions figurine from it, just makes my day. Just like Aurora, Marian is standing on a platform, but is slightly shorter at 16cm. I love her sweet smile, and bushy tail poking out from the back of the dress. This Disney Traditions is called Merry Maiden, and there is accompanying statues for Robin Hood, and Prince John with Sir Hiss.
And my third review piece from the Disney Traditions Collection – Dreaming Under The Sea. Ariel is lying on rock, with her bright red hair billowing out behind her. Her sidekicks Flounder, and Sebastian the Crab accompany her in this piece. Like the others, the attention to detail is fantastic, and I love that these feel sturdy, but are lightweight. Ariel and her friends is 16cm high, and 18cm wide.
I've chosen several more Princess figurines from Disney Traditions which listed, and pictured below.
In my favourite show at Walt Disney World – Dream Along with Mickey – Mickey Mouse says to Minnie that she will always be a Princess to him ♥ and that is why she is included here too! At a whopping 57cm tall, you can see why she is a statement figurine!
- 4054275 – Wonder and Wisdom (Aurora with Fairy) / £39.95
- 4050417 – Merry Maiden (Maid Marian) / £27.00
- 4037501 – Dreaming Under The Sea (Ariel) / £45.00
- 4045239 – Midnight at the Ball (Cinderella) / £32.00
- 4045250 – All Smiles (Minnie Mouse Statement Figurine) / £170.00
- 4049623 – Happily Ever After (Snow White with Prince) / £65.00
- 4049644 – Act of Love (Storybook Frozen) / £45.00
- 4054276 – Resilient and Romantic (Tiana with Frog Figurine) / £37.00
- 4056128 – Free and Fierce (Pocahontas with Flit) / £37.00
Midnight at the Ball (Cinderella) is one of several other Princesses who have their castle painted on the front of the dress. I love that the figurine is called Happily Every After, for Snow White and her Prince Charming. Both Tiana and Pocahontas are kneeling down with their small animal sidekicks, which I find really endearing. There is also a Rapunzel one in this style too. Finally, the sisters from Frozen – Act of Love, which is a Storybook piece, with a memorable quote from the film – Only an act of true love will thaw a frozen heart. This would make a beautiful gift from one sister to another.
» Where to buy the Disney Traditions Collection
Disney Enchanting Collection
The Disney Enchanting Collection features classic Disney characters from Mickey Mouse through to Frozen, all developed here in the UK.
Introduced in 2012 this collection brings together a host of classic characters such as Mickey, Donald, Tinker Bell, a range of your Disney favourites as well the Disney Princesses and not forgetting the villains. Characters and scenes are beautifully immortalised with this wonderful series of imaginatively modelled figurines capturing the magical charm of each Disney character.
From the Enchanting collection is this very sweet musical Belle called Tale as Old as Time. Standing 13.5cm high; Belle is dressed in her iconic yellow gold dress, and elegantly spins around to the signature song from Beauty and The Beast. The wind up key is at the bottom, and the tune lasts for around 30 seconds. I have filmed a little Instagram video so that you can hear it. Check it out here.
My favourite picks from this collection are listed below, including the product number, name, characters, and SRP. I mentioned at the top of this post that my selection was Disney Princesses – official ones and not so official. I adore Marie from The Aristocats, and so, she makes my unofficial Disney Princess list!
- A27167 – Tale as Old as Time (Belle Musical, Tune: Beauty and The Beast) / £37.00
- A27165 – Dreams Come True (Snow White Musical Tune: Some Day My Prince Will Come) / £37.00
- A28075 – A Whole New World (Jasmine & Aladdin) / £85.00
- A27720 – Little Lady (Marie) / £19.00
» Where to buy the Disney Enchanting Collection
Disney Showcase Collection
The Disney Showcase Collection is exactly that – a showcase of all of the best-loved characters from the timeless, magical world of Disney. The Haute Couture figurine collection demonstrates its glamorous credentials with a new series of Disney Princesses dressed in the lavish styles and rich colours of the Art Deco era.
My final piece to review is Rapunzel. Of the modern day Princesses, she is one of my favourites – she is so determined and feisty! Her hair is amazing of course, but when she gets it braided, it looks so pretty! I love that the Rapunzel figurine from the Disney Showcase Collection has her hair tied back and adorned with lots of lovely flowers. She has the sun emblem on her necklace and bracelet, and along the front opening of her dress are tiny little gemstones. From the photo, it looks like she might be precariously balancing on her tip toes, but rest assured there is a stable base underneath and hidden from view. She stands at 20.5cm tall.
All of the Disney figurines come packed well in moulded polystyrene, and cardboard box for safe keeping when not on display or for things like moving house; and of course for staying protected during delivery/transit. Once again, I'll mention that these are collectable pieces, rather than toys. They are intended for adults, but I would say if you have responsible tweens and teens, these would make gorgeous keepsake gifts for them too.
- 4037523 – Rapunzel / £49.95
- 4046620 – Belle Masquerade Figurine / £55.00
» Where to buy the Disney Showcase Collection
The final figurine I'm showcasing from this collection is the Belle Masquerade Figurine. Belle's dress is very pretty with the roses on the bodice, and trailing down the skirt; and I love that her mask resembles the red rose too. There are other [un] masked figurines in this collection, including The Beast, Tinkerbell, Maleficent, Tiana, and Alice in Wonderland.
If you have fallen in love with the Belle Masquerade figurine, keep scrolling because I've got the chance for you to win her for your very own!
Win a Disney Showcase Belle Masquerade Figurine – ENDED
About the prize…
- Disney Showcase Haute-Couture Belle Masquerade Figurine (1 Prize total)
- You can check out other Disney figurines and where to buy them here.
How to enter…
- Leave a comment on this blog post answering the following: Who is your favourite Disney Princess (official or not!) Please note that comments are held in moderation until approved.
- Leaving the above blog comment is mandatory. All other entry methods are optional.
- This giveaway uses Rafflecopter – follow the prompts in the widget below; you may have to refresh for it to appear. Check out this handy guide on how to use Rafflecopter if you've never used it before.
- Terms & Conditions for this giveaway can be found at the end of this post, as well as on the Rafflecopter widget.
- A UK only giveaway
Terms & Conditions
- By taking part in this giveaway all participants will be deemed to have accepted and be bound by these terms and conditions.
- This giveaway starts on 23rd January 2017 and ends at midnight on 6th February 2017 (GMT).
- The prize is a Disney Showcase Haute-Couture Belle Masquerade Figurine (1 Prize total).
- Open to UK residents only.
- Winner will be drawn at random at the end of the promotion.
- The prize is non-exchangeable, non-transferable, and is not redeemable for cash or other prizes.
- Entry is via a mandatory comment on this blog post answering the following: Who is your favourite Disney Princess (official or not!)
- Other entry methods are optional.
- All entries are checked. Incorrect entries will be removed.
- The winner will be drawn and notified by email within 28 days of the closing date. Winners are generated randomly via Rafflecopter using Random.org. Please ensure that you type your email correctly when entering and add email@example.com to your safe sender list.
- The winner will also be announced on the Rafflecopter widget, and on Twitter
- If after a reasonable amount of time (28 days), the winner hasn't made contact with the giveaway promoter, the winner will be declared void and a new winner will be drawn.
- You will have to provide your name, address, phone number and email address which will be passed to the prize sponsors (Enesco) for delivery of the prize.
- Delivery is usually within 3/4 days after dispatch, but please allow up to 28 [working] days for delivery.
- Please contact Michelle at The Purple Pumpkin Blog if you have any questions about this giveaway or these Terms & Conditions.
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