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By John Feffe – TomDispatch
It's called climate change, and we're running out of time to solve it.
The mid-term elections are over, and the Democrats have regained the House, but the rest of American political reality remains intact. Meanwhile, the campaigns barely touched on the most important issues of our time: war, climate change, and the fracturing of the international community.
So, let's consider these larger issues from a different angle.
Let's step from the voting booth into a different space altogether: an escape room. This is, however, no ordinary escape room like the ones that have become so popular in cities around the world. Here, the stakes couldn't be higher: life or death. You might want to give it a pass, but you don't have a choice. There's only one door and you have to go inside…
You've done enough escape rooms to know the drill by now. You are escorted into what seems like an ordinary room. There's a table and a chair. On the table is a book. As soon as you step across the threshold, the door closes behind you. You hear the lock click into place.
You are now trapped in a room with four strangers. Three of them look as concerned as you are. The fourth is nonchalant.
The instructions this time are a little different. As with other escape rooms, you have a certain amount of time to figure out how to get out. Also, you know that clues to the puzzle are hidden somewhere in the room. Figure them out and you'll be able to unlock the door.
But here's the difference: The temperature in this room will go up a degree with every minute that passes. If you and those four strangers can't figure out how to stop it from rising, you'll succumb to heat stroke. In other words, if you don't escape in the allotted time period, you'll die.
You immediately set to work looking for the clues. Maybe one or two are in the book on the table or maybe a code is carved on the underside of the table. Maybe you need to use the chair to climb up close enough to scrutinize the crown molding near the ceiling. Three of the strangers are doing what you're doing: trying to uncover clues.
The fourth is leaning against the wall, looking relaxed. "It's just a joke," he says to no one in particular.
"I already feel it getting warmer in here," you respond.
"It's just your imagination," he replies. "Power of suggestion. Fake news."
The clock is already ticking. It can't be your imagination. It's definitely hotter in the room than when you first entered. You're sweating. Everyone's sweating, even the leaning man. "Temperatures naturally fluctuate," he comments. "It might be going up now, but it will go down again. Count on it."
"Don't listen to him," says the teenager in your group. "He's just a jerk."
She's right and there's no time to try to persuade him either. The four of you are now uncovering one clue after another, which brings you to the truly challenging part: cracking the code. Each of you contributes something: the teenager quickly solves a quadratic equation, the stay-at-home mom translates that Japanese phrase, and the aging literature professor recognizes the quote from Dante's Inferno.
And once the four of you use this code to open a panel you've discovered beneath a loose floorboard, you finally get the chance to apply your engineering knowhow to the situation. You personally figure out how to reset the thermostat hidden inside it and so manage to slow the rise in temperature. It's not much perhaps, but it's a start.
You're working smoothly together now. Only through cooperation have you been able to get this far. Problem is, it's still too warm in the room. The 70-something professor is now crumpled in the corner, breathing heavily. You only have one bottle of water to share and a couple of nutrition bars and there are still more puzzles to solve. The teenager is urging you on—and little wonder, she has her whole life ahead of her.
But here's the catch. You're getting tired, all of you.
This Hot Room is only the latest and greatest challenge you've faced. You've been doing escape rooms now for what seems like decades, each challenge evidently more urgent than the last.
You were relatively young when you first stumbled into this craze. In the War Room, you were trapped with two heavily armed men pointing high-powered weapons at each other. In the Pandemic Room, you were all infected with a deadly virus and had to find an antidote. Most recently, you were locked in the Autocrat Room with a raving narcissist who believed he was the king of the world and who had his finger on a very real button that could destroy you, him, and everyone else.
Yet somehow you managed to extricate yourself from each of those rooms—only to find yourself trapped in this one. You should be tired!
You can't even believe it: Only now is the reality of it all beginning to dawn on you—that you've been proceeding through a series of nested escape rooms, boxes within boxes, that have led you here, to the ultimate box.
In this Hot Room, time is running out, resources are scarce, and you have to listen to an idiot leaning against a wall doing nothing, and acting as if this were a delightful sauna, not a potential coffin.
You suspect that this is the human condition, this endless succession of crises. Civilizations have risen and fallen throughout history. One culture after another has failed to figure out the riddle inscribed in its environment. Some didn't even realize that they were on the verge of collapse until it was too late.
But this is different. Each previous time, it was just one part of the globe—the Mycenaeans, the Khmer, the Mayans, the Romans—that grappled with its communal fate.
Now, you're addressing the fate of the planet. This Hot Room, you've come to realize, is Earth itself. And there's nothing on the other side of the door except the cold, cold void.
To solve the riddle of this ultimate escape room means performing a genuine miracle. You have to stop the temperature from rising. You have to multiply the water bottles and the nutrition bars. Most challenging of all perhaps, you have to prevent everyone from giving in to despair.
So, you take time out to do what you've always done in such situations. You did it at work to rally your discouraged colleagues. You did it for your children at bedtime to dispel the nightly terrors.
You tell a story.
A Matryoshka of Dystopias
My novel Splinterlands was an exploration of one particular dystopian path: the nationalist fragmentation of the world into ever-smaller splinters. This was no far-fetched fantasy when I wrote it, just an extrapolation, circa early 2016, from ongoing trends: tensions within the European Union, the polarization of politics in the United States, the rise of far-right parties, the widening global gap between the rich and the poor.
Unfortunately, those trends only intensified after I finished the manuscript. It hadn't actually been my intention to predict. Like any politically engaged dystopian novel, Splinterlands was meant to be a warning. I knew things could get that bad. I just didn't think they would—not so quickly anyway.
Even before the book came out, Britain had voted to leave the European Union and then, more improbably yet, Donald Trump managed to win the 2016 presidential election. Instead of being weird exceptions, the Trump-Brexit developments turned out to be part of a terrifying trajectory. Since then, the far right has assumed positions of power in Austria, Italy, and now Brazil. It has done well in elections in Germany and Sweden. In France, the extremist National Front is now, according to pollsters, the country's most popular party.
Get on a train today in Poland, heading for North Korea, and you'll pass through an enormous swath of territory ruled by fake democrats and authentic autocrats. An illiberal axis connects this great expanse of Eurasia to Turkey, Israel, India, the Philippines, Colombia, and Nicaragua. The military or one-party governments hold sway over much of Southeast Asia. Religious zealots and strong-arm leaders rule the greater part of the Middle East. Democracy is weak in most African countries and non-existent in others.
Together, these illiberal forces are deeply suspicious of any transnational authority that demands they adhere to global human rights norms and international standards.
The international community, never a particularly robust entity, is beginning to evaporate. Countries are withdrawing from international agreements like the Global Pact for Migration and organizations like the International Criminal Court. With its high-profile exits, Donald Trump's America has done its best to undermine the Paris accord on climate change and the U.N. Human Rights Council. It's not quite a rush to the exits, nor is this retreat into sovereign parochialism irreversible—not yet anyway. But the Splinterlands scenario of the total collapse of the international order and the fragmentation of countries like the United States and China has become incrementally more likely.
Meanwhile, global inequality continues to worsen. According to Oxfam, "82% of the wealth created last year went to the richest one percent of the global population, while the 3.7 billion people who make up the poorest half of humanity got nothing." Facilitated by financial deregulation, corruption has become rampant, registering as a serious problem in two-thirds of the world's countries, according to the latest Transparency International report. The media are under attack even in traditionally liberal countries like the United States.
And surveillance by the state and corporate conglomerates like Facebook has become commonplace. In China, the two forces are working hand in hand under the auspices of the phone app WeChat. Chinese use the application to shop, listen to music, and exchange messages. But the app also assigns users a score based on everything from online behavior to how they drive their cars, and if that score is too low, they're locked out of certain jobs, travel opportunities, and schools. The system should be fully operational and exportable in a couple of years.
These various real-world dystopian scenarios are not discrete. They are indeed nested in one another, like one of those Russian matryoshka dolls that open only to reveal smaller versions of itself, each inside the next. Just as British Prime Minister Winston Churchill once characterized Soviet Russia as "a riddle wrapped in a mystery inside an enigma," think of the current reality as never-ending wars wrapped in nuclear proliferation inside nationalist fragmentation enclosed in climate change.
This last challenge is, of course, the most urgent, transcending politics as it does. Governments of every political flavor have contributed to it and continue to dither in the face of an obviously looming catastrophe, while economic greed prevents any sustainable solution. In other words, we're heading for a true existential reckoning. Heat up the planet enough and there won't be any more politics or economics. It will be the real end of history, not the triumphalist one that Francis Fukuyama thought up in 1989 in anticipation of the end of the Cold War.
In Splinterlands, I still saw climate change as one part of an overall ecosystem of threat. In my new dystopian novel, Frostlands, climate change takes center stage. A stand-alone sequel set in 2051, the moment when Splinterlands ended, it focuses on Rachel Leopold, an aging climatologist, living in Arcadia, a sustainable community in what was once part of Vermont. Arcadia is now under attack by unknown forces and Rachel is worried that those attacks are directed at her. She's been conducting experiments in secret to regenerate the Arctic ice cap in a desperate bid to enclose the remaining methane gas trapped in the permafrost. But (as in our world today) not everyone shares her urgent desire to stop climate change.
As with Splinterlands, the dystopia of Frostlands is, in fact, unspooling in real life on an accelerated basis. As environmentalist Elizabeth Kolbert wrote in a recent New Yorker:
"Arctic soils contain hundreds of billions of tons of carbon, in the form of frozen and only partially decomposed plants. As the region heats up, much of this carbon is likely to be released into the atmosphere, where it will trap more heat… In the Arctic Ocean, vast stores of methane lie buried under frozen sediments. If these stores, too, are released, the resulting warming is likely to be catastrophic."
Kolbert then quotes Peter Wadhams, an ice specialist: "The risk of an Arctic seabed methane pulse is one of the greatest immediate risks facing the human race."
Why wait until 2051 when you can experience apocalypse now?
Evolutionary Dead-End?
A climatologist, a nuclear physicist, and an epidemiologist walk into a bar.
The bartender gestures to the three tiers of bottles arrayed behind her. "Pick your poison."
The three professionals laugh ruefully. The climate scientist links arms with her two colleagues and says, "Why don't you pick your poison?"
It's no joke.
In a culture that emphasizes free choice—among political candidates, breakfast cereals, and Internet avatars—we now face the ultimate choice. We can choose our dystopian future. We can cut funding for medical research and emergency response and increase our vulnerability to the next plague. We can elect leaders who have itchy nuclear fingers and increase the likelihood that we go out with a bang. Or, if we somehow make it out of those particular escape rooms, we can drink the ultimate poison and heat up the planet until it can no longer sustain anything but cockroaches.
For some, the inexcusable slowness with which the international community is addressing climate change—along with the other apocalyptic scenarios—is yet more proof that humans, like dinosaurs, have outlived their evolutionary usefulness. It's hard not to feel that all of humanity deserves a Darwin award when you see the effects of recent superstorms, the vanishing of polar ice, the heedless drilling for oil and gas everywhere, and the dilatory efforts of even sensibly led countries like South Korea to reduce their carbon footprint.
Dinosaurs, of course, couldn't put up much of a fight against the asteroid that slammed into Earth 66 million years ago and the cataclysms that followed. You, however, can still tell the bartender, "Thanks, but no thanks, on the poison tonight." You can still solve the riddle of the Hot Room and hope that the next challenge won't be quite as apocalyptic.
Remember: there's always going to be some guy leaning against the wall, making light of your efforts to save the world. It's maddening to have to listen to him. So, like Odysseus, you must close your ears to the siren songs of what passes for pragmatism today. The politics of the possible don't stand much chance in an impossible situation.
In that Hot Room, everyone but the skeptic is back to work, even the aging professor. Your story has inspired them to attempt the impossible: to work together, to solve the riddle, to overcome the resistance. They know the odds. They understand that they're already living in a dystopia.
But now you've given them reason to believe that even dystopias can have sequels.
*John Feffer is the author of the dystopian novel Splinterlands (a Dispatch Books original) and the director of Foreign Policy In Focus at the Institute for Policy Studies. His new book, Aftershock: A Journey into Eastern Europe's Broken Dreams (Zed Books), has just been published. He is a TomDispatch regular.
If celebrity victims of climate change can't silence the deniers, who can?
Opinion, Zoe Williams * – The Guardian
The denial of climate change is dangerous .The California wildfires have shown that even the rich and famous are not immune to climate change – and the authentic response of many of them is a message to us all
"Wildfires don't care about wealth or status," began the New York Times this week, describing the celebrity homes obliterated by fire in California. But what the report didn't add, leaving it instead to Neil Young's website, was that climate change cares even less. As President Trump took time out of his busy schedule protecting his hair and insulting the French to blame poor forest management, Young laid it on the line: "As a matter of fact this is not a forest fire that rages on as I write this. We are vulnerable because of climate change."
In the early stages of the climate crisis, it often felt as if the opposite were true: floods, droughts and heatwaves were always somewhere else's problem, usually the global south, where they could be chalked up to some pre-existing vulnerability, in a shoulder-shrugging: "OK, so earthquakes aren't great, but if they'd had better building regulations …" Times moved on. This year, the global heatwave was so pronounced that even habitual climate sceptics – the Sun newspaper, for example – felt moved to point out that the world appeared to be on fire.
Yet nothing brings the environment closer to home than when it affects people who seem a world away, people such as Miley Cyrus and Cher, who you can't imagine facing any problem more serious than which diamond shoes to pack. If they can't escape this reality, then it must be real. Right?
If Young was the first celebrity to explicitly name the new normal, there is a distinctive tone to most of the statements: an outpouring not of loss, but of care for the rest of the community, notably, those who have died; statements of gratitude to firefighters; a recognition of what is important – pets, loved ones and other people – versus what is not – bricks, mortar and money. Cyrus and her parter, Liam Hemsworth, have donated $500,000 (£384,000) to victims of the fire. I have no idea what that represents as a proportion of their wealth; still, it's an unusual and laudable thing, if your first thought, in the face of the charred remains of everything you own, is to give more away.
In short, this is a vivid inflection point in the world's journey, like a public information film about climate change. If all the money in the world won't protect you, what is the endpoint of any equation where profit is pitted against the environment? If every star's first thought is of the people they love, and even Robin Thicke's second thought is of people he only barely knows ("It's a great community, it's a community of wonderful people, a lot of parents whose kids go to the same school as my kid. It's just devastating"), there is a parable here about priorities, and the hierarchy of needs, and the fundamental nourishment of the human spirit, and it's delivered – unbelievably – by the people with the best tunes. The devil must be spitting feathers; he thought he had those guys sewn up.
Climate-change denial is dangerous, not because it has major governments by the throat, but because it is shameless: it will reject the facts on a page, and the evidence before its own eyes. It will blame anyone but the real culprits, and marshal that blame to suit a narrative of scarcity and threat. But there does come a point when rhetoric runs out of road, is swallowed up by a more awesome spectacle; the authentic human response to the bite of a reality that can't be denied for ever.
*Zoe Williams is a Guardian columnist. Twitter @zoesqwilliams


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|Professional Ranks and Titles
|Associate Professor
|Vice Dean
|Head of Teching
|1.Graduates Courses: Environmental Systematic Analysis 2.Postgraduates Courses:Compendium of watershed-scale models
|Research Interests
|According to the research background I ever took parted in, the research area were listed as follows: Apply GIS software (BASINS, EPA) in the watershed-scale water quality model, especially NPSP control (Non-point source pollution). Land use/land cover in the watershed, variation in land use/ land cover Erosion Rating in the watershed, and sediment/Water trends The relationship of landscape pattern and water quality, quantity and aquatic habitat in the watershed and validation of some hydrologic prediction tools. Watershed information visualization at multiple scales. Best Management Practices (BMP) solutions for pollution and flood control in urban and rural watershed, especially the eutrophication control in lakes and reservoirs. Different environmental models application in different Scales. Application of Remote Sensing in Ecology and Environment Protection. The climate change and Low impact development in urban area.
1、Mentor of postgraduate in environmental science 2、Member of Fujian Ecology Society Council,Fujian Environmental Science Society Council 3、Vice President of Fuzhou City Environmental Science Society Council 4、Expert of Fujian EIA, Environmental Emergency Response and Cleaner Production
1995 B.S. Environmental Science Department of Wuhan University,Ecology. 2000 Ph.D. The Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Science, Hydrobiology.
2000.8-2001.3. Engineer, the Institute of Environmental Protection, Fujian Province 2001.4-2004.7 Lecturer, Fuzhou University 2004.7- up to the present. Vice-Professor, Fuzhou University 3.Invited by KOICA and JICA to visit Korea and Japan for ecological restoring in waters in NOV-DEC, 2002. 4.Training in Beijing Normal University for WMS6.1 and got a certification in Sep., 2002. 5.2015.3-2015.8 Visit Scholarship, National Taiwan University.
1.Graduates Courses: Ecology, Landscape Ecology and GIS 2.Postgraduates Courses:Hydrobiology and Watershed environmental management and planning.
The faculty of environment science dedicate to research on region and watershed environment management and protection by different environmental models in different scale. The research mainly concerns the protection of watershed resources (including economical, environmental and cultural resources) by a combination method of geographic information system (GIS), remote sensing (RS) and System Ecology. In recently study, we carefully studied the complex relationships between environmental, economic, social and policy factors that induce changes in land use patterns, which finally results in the erosion and the eutrophication of lakes and reservoirs. This study analyzed the process of human-induced landscape transformation in Aojiang River Watershed from 1986 to 2013, and the watershed has a typical landscape pattern in the South China. Interpreting RS images and using a GIS will quantify the spatial and temporal change patterns of land use, and how forest cover has been reduced drastically with increasing population pressure and agricultural activities can be figured out. By the project, we set up a rational natural resource management practices and some methods to protect the water resource. We also analyzed the NPS (Non-points source) pollution in the watershed, and judge the degradation degree of the watershed, which will result in some practical suggestions to restore the watershed, especially the restoration of reservoir eutrophication. By now, we have setup a framework to assess the main NPSP in the watersheds surrounding the reservoir. Future research which we will carry out is a multidisciplinary study of watershed, which including GIS, landscape ecology, hydrology, hydrobiology, forestry and statistics. The goal of the research is to develop and improve Best Management Practices for maintaining or enhancing flood control, wildlife habitat, biodiversity, and forest and aquatic resources within urban and rural watersheds. To reach the goal, we need the worldwide helps from co-researchers. The research will concern about the "hot topics" listed as follows: How about the past, current and future landscape pattern of the watershed? How current pattern affects the flood, water resource, water quality, fish and other resources in different river segments. How to validate hydrologic prediction by hydrologic models in a complex urban watershed, and how to design the drainage system to fulfill the drainage ability. How to apply RS and GIS techniques in more and more area of watershed study and biological conservation, especially the biological invasion control, assess the environment impact assessment (EIA) of dam group and water resource allocation form one watershed to another. How to use different watershed models to study the relationship between human activity and water quality, quantity and aquatic habitat in the watershed, and how to make best management practices (BMP) solutions in a particular watershed. How to use LID techniques to mitigate the climate changes on urban area.
1.HE Shaofu,XING Shujing,ZHENG Peng,HUANG Jian,PAN Wenbin.Water environmental capacity of Shaxian County reaches of Shaxi River in Fujian Province. Journal of Fuzhou University(Natural Science Edition).2015,43(3):411-415.Doi:10.7631/issn.1000-2243.2015.03.0411 . 2.Yuanbin Cai, Hao Zhang, Wenbin Pan, 2015. Detecting Urban Growth Patterns and Wetland Conversion Processes in a Natural Wetlands Distribution Area. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 24(5): 1919-1929. DOI: 10.15244/pjoes/58593. 3.Yuan-Bin Cai, Hao Zhang, Wen-Bin Pan, Yan-Hong Chen & Xiang-Rong Wang, 2013. Land use pattern, socio-economic development, and assessment of their impacts on ecosystem service value: study on natural wetlands distribution area (NWDA) in Fuzhou city, southeastern China. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 185(6): 5111-5123. DOI: 10.1007/s10661-012-2929-x. 4.ZHENG Peng,LIN Yun,PAN Wen-bin,DENG Hongbing.Flood return period analysis of the Bayi Reservoir Watershed based on HEC-HMS Model. Acta Ecologica Sinica.2013, 33(4):1268-1275. 5.CHEN Qiong,PAN Wen-bin. Changes of Land Use and Landscape Pattern of Haitan Island within Pingtan Integrated Experimental Area. Chinese Journal of Subtropical Resources and Environment. 2013,8(1):68-74. 6.CAI Yuanbin, ZHANG Hao, PAN Wenbin, CHEN Yanhong, WANG Xiangrong, 2012. Urban Expansion and Its Influencing Factors in Natural Wetland Distribution Area in Fuzhou City, China. Chinese Geographical Science, 22(5): 568-577. DOI: 10.1007/s11769-012-0564-7. 7.SHAO Wei,PAN Wen-bin.On the Relationship between Urban Impervious Surface and Rainfall-Runoff. Chinese Journal of Subtropical Resources and Environment. 2012,7(4):20-27. 8.CHEN Xiao.PAN Wen-bin & WANG Mu. Spatial distribution characteristics and dynamics of Eichhornia crassipes in the Shuikou Reservoir, Fujian Province. Journal of Lake Science Sinica. 2012,24( 3): 391-399. 9.Huang Fanglan,Pan Wen-bin.Analysis on Landscape Spatial Pattern of Langqi Island Based on 3S Technology. Environmental Science and Management(Chinese). 2012,37(11):92-95. 10.JIANG Xiao-lan,PAN Wen-bin.GIS-based Environmental Information Management System in Gulou District,Fuzhou. Chinese Journal of Subtropical Resources and Environment. 2012,7(3):62-66. 11.ZHENG Hui-qiong,PAN Wen-bin.Study on the Pollution Load of Minjiang River in Fuzhou Section. Chinese Journal of Subtropical Resources and Environment. 2011,6(3):24-30. 12.XIAO Yu,PAN Wen-bin.Study on analysis method of watersheds cluster based on spatial data—A case study of Luoyuan Bay in Fujian Province. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE(Chinese). 2011,30(6):858-861. 13.Guanling ZHENG, Wenbin PAN, Fanglan HUANG. Method and application of landscape impact assessment based on 3S technology. The International Conference on Remote Sensing, Environment and Transportation Engineering (RSETE 2011), Paper ID: AR46307 (indexed by Ei Compendex). 14.CHENG Qiuhong,PAN Wenbin. Study on Water Environmental Capacity of TN and TP in the Dutang Reservoir. Conference on Environmental Pollution and Public Health,China, Wuhan,2010,1331-1334. ISTP(CPCI-S). 15.Golin ZHENG, Wenbin PAN. A GIS Based Mode Research for Urban Industrial Solid Waste Management and Exchangs. Conference on Environmental Pollution and Public Health,China, Wuhan,2010,393-397. ISTP(CPCI-S). 16.ZHUANG Li-rong, PAN Wen-bin,WEI Yu-zhen. Application of CE-QUAL-W2 in the Shanzai Reservoir. Journal of Lake Science Sinica.2008,20(5):630-638. 17.Zeng Bei-qing, Pan Wen-bin.Advances in Research of Reparian Buffer Removal of Nitrogen.Environmental Science and Management(Chinese). 2008,33(1):22-25. 18.WANG Rong,PAN Wen-bin. Topographic differences for vegetation types in Wuyishan National Nature Reserve,Fujian Province. Chinese Journal of Zhejiang Forestry College. 2007,24(6):731-735. 19.CHEN Yan-hong, PAN Wen-bin, CAI Yuan-bin. Assesanent of Soil Erosion Sensitivity in Watershed Based on RUSLE-A Case Study of Jixi Watershed.Chinse Journal of Mountain Science. 2007,25(4):490-496. 20.ZENG Hui-juan,PAN Wen-bin.Soil erosion estimation by using RUSLE,RS,GIS models in the Wubuxi Watershed,Fujian.Chinse Journal of Safety and Enviromnent. 2007,7(5):88-92. 21.CHEN Yan-hong,PAN Wen-bin,CAI Yuan-bin. QUANTITATIVE STUDY OF SOIL EROSION IN WATERSHED BASED ON RS,GIS AND RUSLE-A CASE STUDY OF THE JIXI WATERSHED IN FUJIAN PROVINCE. Chinese Journal of Geological Hazards and Environment Preservation. 2007,18(3):5-10. 22.LI Dan-rong,PAN Wen-bin. Protection measures of rural river eco-environment:non-point source pollution control in watershed.WATER RESOURCES PROTECTION. 2006,22(6):91-94. 23.WEI Yu-zhen,PAN Wen-bin,CAI Xiao-wei. Assessment of the Eutrophication in Shanzai Reservior. Chinese Journal of Safety and Environmental Engineering. 2006,13(2):16-20. 24.Xu Yan,PAN Wen-bin. SCS Model for Watershed Runoff Calculation in ArcView. Research of Soil and Water Conservation(Chinese). 2006,13(4):176-179. 25.Li Wan-hui,PAN Wen-bin. The Establishment of Drainage Network Based on Digital Elevation Data-The Application to Aojiang Watershed. Chinese Journal of Xiamen University(Nature Science). 2005,44(S1):80-83. 26.LIN Juan-juan ,PAN Wen-bin.Study on Watershed Eco-sensitivity Assessing and Regional Planning Based on GIS. Chinese Journal of Safety and Environmental Engineering. 2005,12(2):23-26. 27.CAI Yuan-bin ,PAN Wen-bin,REN Lin-guang. Commentary on Basins 3 .0 System. Chinese Journal of Safety and Environmental Engineering. 2005,12(2):69-72. 28.REN Lin-guang,PAN Wen-bin,CAI Yuan-bin.Simulation study on best management practices built一in PLOAD. Chinese Journal of Fuzhou University(Nature Science). 2005,33(6):825-829. 29.Pan Wenbin, Li Daofeng, Tang Tao, Cai Qinghua. Studies on fractal character of macrophytes' leaves. Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica. 2004, 28(1): 23-7. 30.Tang Tao, Li Daofeng, Pan Wenbin, Qu Xiaodong, Cai Qinghua. River continuum characteristics of Xiangxi River. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2004,14(10):141-144. 31.Li Wanhui, Pan Wenbin. Land Use Study and Application Based on Watershed Management. Safety and Environmental Engineering, 2004,11(2): 9-12. 32.Li Wanhui, Pan Wenbin, Deng hongbin. Approach for water resource utilization and protection-watershed management. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2004,23(6):97-101. 33.Pan Wenbin, Deng Hongbing, Tang Tao, Cai Qinghua. Application of Geostatistical analysis in study of macrophytes community' pattern. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2003,14(10):1692-1696. 34.Pan Wenbin, Li Daofeng, Tang Tao, Cai Qinghua. The fractal character of lake shoreline and its ecological implication. Acta Ecologica Sinica. 2003, 23(12) 2728-2735. 35.Pan Wenbin, Tang Tao, Deng Hongbing, Cai Qinghua. Lake ecosystem services and their ecological valuation-a case study of Baoan Lake in Hubei Province. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2002,14(10):1315-1318. 36.Wang Qingchun, Wu Gang, Deng Hongbing, Pan Wenbin. Application of Diffusion Model of Phosphorus in an aquatic terrestrial complex ecosystem. Acta Ecologica Sinica. 2002, 22(1) 68-72. 37.Deng Hongbing, Wang Qingchun, Pan Wenbin, Zhou li, Dai Limin. A preliminary study on In-stream fallen wood in Erdaobaihe Forested Watershed, Changbai Mountain. Acta Ecologica Sinica. 2002, 22(11) :1896-1901. 38.Pan Wenbin and Cai Qing-hua. Preliminary studies on fractal character of horizontal pattern of Ass. Nelumbo nucifera in Baoan Lake. Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica. 2000, Vol. 24(5): 405-411. 39.Pan Wenbin and Cai Qing-hua. Studies on macrophytes community pattern in a bay of Baoan Lake, Hubei. Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica. 2000, Vol. 24(5): 412-417. 40.Pan Wenbin and Cai Qing-hua. The Function of the macrophyte in the carbon circulation of Baoan Lake. Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica. 2000, Vol. 24(5): 418-425. 41.Jiang Ping, Xu Sukui and Pan wenbin. Quantitative analysis on nutrient of waters in the Three Gorges demonstration settlement and its contiguous regions. Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica. 2000, Vol. 24(5): 467-472. 42.Tang Tao, Cai Qinghua and Pan Wenbin. Application of Geostatistics in Freshwater Ecology. Journal of Lake Science Sinica, 2000, Vol. 12(3): 280-288. 43.Deng Hong-bin, Zhou Yong-bin, Wang Qing-li, and Pan Wenbin. Fractal characteristics of distribution pattern of plant species in secondary Cupressus funebris forest in the Three Gorges region. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,1999,10(5):518-520. 44.Cai Qing-hua, Zhao Bin, and Pan Wenbin. Preliminary study on fractal character of growth pattern of reed. Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica, 1998, Vol. 22(2): 123-127.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Blanch Hosking Sandow
- BIRTH. Baptised 29 May 1842 at Uny Lelant, daughter of William and Catherine; assumed registered 1842JUN Penzance 9/237. Cornwall England. Sources: IGI, GRO.
- DEATH. Died 26 Sep 1848 at Trembethow, Lelant. Registered Penzance 1848SEP 9/132. Cornwall England. Sources: DF, GRO.
- Comments: William 1807WI01 and Catherine 1813CA01.
Updated: April 2009


text:
Although the principal goal of SAGE is learning in retirement, the organization offers numerous opportunities for members to enjoy social interaction with each other. Over the years members have gathered to enjoy numerous activities in addition to study group participation.
Some enduring friendships have developed, and there have even been a few romances and marriages. At class break times members hover around the coffee and teapots to exhange ideas and pleasantries as they nibble on snacks provided by that day's presenters. Members may also decide to have lunch at one of the local restaurants. The Thursday Lunch Bunch has been a tradition for a number of years.
Over the last few years film buffs in the organization have organized into two groups. The Movie Group agrees to view two current films at local theaters and then meet on the third Monday of the month for a discussion.
The second group, in existence since 2008, meets on Friday mornings to screen Provocative Documentaries. The viewings are usually followed by lively discussions.
One of the principal extracurricular activities of SAGE has been trips to various attractions around Southern California. Journeys have taken members as far north as Santa Barbara and as far south as San Diego. For information on our theater parties, ethnic restaurant adventures, museum visits, and Los Angeles Conservancy walks, check our Trips page.
SAGE has traditionally held retreats at resort facilities outside of the Los Angeles area. The retreat is a special time away when up to 50 members meet to spend two days in activities that differ from the usual classroom study groups. For more information on past retreats, check our Retreats page.


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Harare – The Zimbabwean central bank says the troubled southern African country will not introduce a local bond currency next month if there are no exports as pressures mounts for Harare to scrap its plans for a local legal tender.
Zimbabwe abandoned its own currency in 2009 after the Zimdollar lost value, leading to record hyper-inflation in the country.
Following the adoption of multiple currencies and the subsequent cash troubles the country is facing, President Robert Mugabe's government has said that the $200m bond notes will be factored into the economy as an export incentive.
The government has faced protests over the bond notes amid fears and concerns that Harare is bringing back the Zimdollar through the back door. Business executives in Zimbabwe say they are awaiting to see the impact of the introduction of the local currency.
"There will be no bond notes if there are no exports," said Reserve Bank of Zimbabwe governor John Mangudya.
Alex Mhembere, the chief executive officer of Zimplats said at a briefing in Harare yesterday that the Impala Platinum unit will provision for the 5% export incentive "as and when it comes".
SA companies such as Implats, Anglo Platinum and Sibanye Gold among others are the major exporters from Zimbabwe. Gold, platinum, other minerals and tobacco are the top export products from the country.
"It probably is the right thing to calm the market because there has been an outcry and business is concerned as much as investors and the general public.
"But what may change is the way and pace of the phasing in of the bond notes but the plan will not be abandoned," said a government official on Thursday.
Bankers in Zimbabwe say it has also become difficult to process dividend remittances to investors outside the country because of cash shortages the country is battling.
Banks are limiting cash withdrawals while cross border remittances now require approvals and will be processed using a priority list.
The central bank chief has sought to calm investors on the ZSE, saying they will not be affected by the introduction of the local bond notes while two finance managers in Zimbabwe said the bond notes will have to be factored into company planning provisions for possible full-scale usage within the economy.
Mangudya however said capital appreciation and dividends fall in the top priority list for outward bound remittances from Zimbabwe.
"Bond notes issued for the purpose of incentivising exporters will circulate in the market alongside currencies within the multi-currency system. No separate customer accounts will be maintained for bond notes," Mangudya added.
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Time for a little adventure with Columbus
We thought it was high time we shared some new work we've been doing for our client Columbus Direct. They're a travel insurance company whose product is aimed at younger travellers and families.
Recently, they've looked at their product and brand and developed an 'adventure-ready' positioning. And by adventure-ready, they mean it's ready for all of life's little adventures. For some that may mean action-packed, adrenaline fuelled holidays involving skiing, diving, hiking, canoeing and so on. For others, and especially families, just getting the kids packed, ready and on the plane can be adventurous enough.
So our new work has had to take in a broad range of activities and target audiences. Luckily Columbus' tone of voice and visual identity is as adventurous as their product and that gave us the opportunity to create some stunning creative combined with hard-hitting, but playful headlines that would really stand out.
And as these ads were running across the southern part of the UK rail network, the London Underground and on Manchester trams they needed to do just that.
The campaign has been running seasonally too, with more tactical executions created to run in the lead up to Christmas and Easter, both key times for family getaways. So that allowed us to have a bit of fun around seasonal adventures – from getting new Christmas lights to discovering new cities.


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