text:
This is Info file psgml.info, produced by Makeinfo version 1.68 from
the input file psgml.texi.
* PSGML: (psgml). PSGML, a major mode for SGML documents.
Documentation for PSGML, a major mode for SGML.
Copyright 1994, 1996, 1998 Lennart Staflin
Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this
manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are
preserved on all copies.
Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of
this manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, and provided
that the entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms
of a permission notice identical to this one.
Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this
manual into another language, under the above conditions for modified
versions, except that this permission notice may be stated in a
translation approved by the Free Software Foundation.
File: psgml.info, Node: Top, Next: Introduction, Prev: (dir), Up: (dir)
PSGML is a major mode for editing SGML documents. This is the DRAFT
documentation for PSGML version 1.2.
* Menu:
* Introduction:: Introduction
* Install:: How to install PSGML
* Invoke:: How to invoke PSGML
* Entity manager:: The Entity Manager
* Validate:: Running an external SGML parser
* SGML declaration:: Using an SGML declaration
* Managing the DTD:: Specifying what DTD to use
* Edit:: Commands for editing
* Display:: Appearance of text in the buffer
* Miscellaneous options::
* Bugs:: Reporting bugs
* Index::
File: psgml.info, Node: Introduction, Next: Install, Prev: Top, Up: Top
PSGML is a major mode for editing SGML and XML documents. It works
with GNU Emacs 19.34, 20.3 and later or with XEmacs 19.9 and later.
PSGML contains a simple SGML parser and can work with any DTD.
Functions provided includes menus and commands for inserting tags with
only the contextually valid tags, identification of structural errors,
editing of attribute values in a separate window with information about
types and defaults, and structure based editing.
SGML, a language for encoding the structure of a document, is an ISO
standard: ISO 8879:1986 "Information processing - Text and office
systems - Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML)".
A good introduction to SGML is `A Gentle Introduction to SGML'
produced by Text Encoding Initiative (this is really chapter 2 of TEI
P3). This can be found on
A SGML document has three major parts, in order:
1. SGML Declaration (`')
2. Document Type Declaration (`')
3. Document Element (` ... ')
The SGML declaration contains general information about character
sets, concrete syntax, and SGML features used. PSGML does not use the
SGML Declaration, it can be left out, and if included is ignored. Many
SGML systems allow the SGML declaration to be defaulted. PSGML always
use the Concrete Reference Syntax but without limitations on lengths.
Features used has to be indicated with variables (*note SGML
The document type declaration specifies the valid elements and
entities and how they can be nested. A document type is usually needed,
but can reside in another file (*note Managing the DTD::.).
The system declaration for PSGML:
International Reference Version (IRV)//ESC 2/5 4/0"
CAPACITY PUBLIC "ISO 8879:1986//CAPACITY Reference//EN"
SYNTAX PUBLIC "ISO 8879:1986//SYNTAX Reference//EN"
File: psgml.info, Node: Install, Next: Invoke, Prev: Introduction, Up: Top
Installing PSGML
To install PSGML you first need to uncompress and unpack the source
archive. This is done with the `gunzip' and `tar' commands.
gunzip psgml-1.2.0.tar.gz; tar xf psgml-1.2.0.tar
This should create a subdirectory to the current directory with the
source code. This directory contains a `configure' command (see the
file INSTALL for more information about configure). You can use the
`configure' command to configure the package or you can load the file
`psgml-maint' and execute the `psgml-compile-files' command.
Place the `*.el' and the `*.elc' files in a directory where Emacs
can find it (i.e. one of the directories in the `load-path' variable,
you can add a directory to this variable in your `.emacs'.)
If you use the `configure' approach, compile psgml with `make' and
the you can run `make install' to install it in the system library
`site-lisp'. The files are installed in a subdirectory named `psgml'.
The location of `site-lisp' is figured out by `configure', but you can
change it in the `Makefile'. You need to make sure that this
subdirectory is in Emacs `load-path'.
Put the following line in your .emacs:
(autoload 'sgml-mode "psgml" "Major mode to edit SGML files." t)
(autoload 'xml-mode "psgml" "Major mode to edit XML files." t)
You may also want to set up search paths for external entities,
*Note Entity manager::.
The `psgml.info' is the documentation for PSGML in the info format.
You can read this with the Emacs command `C-u C-h i'. You can also
install the file in your systems info directory and edit the `dir' file
to include `psgml.info' in the menu.
The info file `psgml.info' is created from the texinfo file
`psgml.texi'. The texinfo file can also be used to create a hard copy
of the documentation. To do this you need the TeX program and a copy
of `texinfo.tex'.
File: psgml.info, Node: Invoke, Next: Entity manager, Prev: Install, Up: Top
How to invoke PSGML
PSGML defines a major modes called `sgml-mode' and `xml-mode'.
Files with extensions `.sgml', `.sgm' or `.dtd' will automatically be
edited in SGML mode. To edit some other file in SGML mode, type `M-x
sgml-mode ' after finding the file. To edit XML files, type `M-x
xml-mode '.
If you can modify the file you can add a "Local Variables" list
(*note Local Variables in Files: (emacs)file variables.) to the end of
the file. This can make Emacs automatically set sgml mode and user
options when the file is loaded. The simplest Local Variables list
would look like:
You can also put a line at the top of the file to tell emacs to use
sgml mode:
For XML replace `sgml' with `xml' in the above examples. But
remember that you can't have a comment before the *SGML declaration* or
the *XML declaration*.
File: psgml.info, Node: Entity manager, Next: Validate, Prev: Invoke, Up: Top
The Entity Manager
SGML can refer to an external file (really entity) with an *external
identifier*, this is a *public identifier* or a *system identifier*, or
A typical public identifier looks like
PUBLIC "ISO 8879:1986//ENTITIES Added Latin 1//EN"
where "ISO 8879:1986" is the owner, "ENTITIES" is the text class and
"Added Latin 1" is the text description (and "EN" is language).
A system identifier looks like
SYSTEM "htmlplus.dtd"
where "htmlplus.dtd" is a system-specific identifier.
To map external identifiers to file names, PSGML first searches
entity catalog files and then search the list of file name templates in
the variable `sgml-public-map'.
The catalog format is according to SGML/Opens resolution on entity
management. The catalog consists of a series of entries and comments.
A comment is delimited by `--' like in a markup declaration. The entry
types recognized are described in the following table.
`public PUBID FILE'
The FILE will be used for the entity text of an entity with the
public identifier PUBID.
`entity NAME FILE'
The FILE will be used for the entity text of an entity with the
name NAME. If the NAME starts with a `%' the rest of the name
will be matched against parameter entities.
`doctype NAME FILE'
The FILE will be used for the entity text of an entity used as
external subset of a document declaration with NAME as document
type name.
`sgmldecl FILE'
Used to specify a default SGML declaration. Recognized but not
used by PSGML other than to pass to an external validation command
When PSGML is looking for the file containing an external entity, the
following things will be tried in order:
1. Try the system identifier, as a file name, if there is a system
identifier and the variable `sgml-system-identifiers-are-preferred'
is non-`nil' and there is no elements containing `%s' in
`sgml-public-map'. If the system identifier is a relative file
name it will be relative to the directory containing the defining
2. Look thru each catalog in `sgml-local-catalogs' and
`sgml-catalog-files' in order. For each catalog look first for
entries matching the public identifier, if any. Then look for
other matching entries in the order they appear in the catalog.
Currently an entry will be ignored if it is matching but its file
is non-existent or unreadable. (This is under reconsideration,
perhaps it should signal error instead).
3. Try the system identifier, if any, as a file name. If
`sgml-system-identifiers-are-preferred' is `nil' and there is no
elements containing `%s' in `sgml-public-map'.
4. Try the entries in `sgml-public-map'. Using the catalogs are
preferred. The `sgml-public-map' may disappear in a future version
of PSGML (not soon though).
The `sgml-public-map' variable can contain a list of file name
templates where `%P' will be substituted with the whole public
identifier, owner is substituted for `%O', public text class for `%C',
and public text description for `%D'. The text class will be converted
to lower case and the owner and description will be transliterated
according to the variable `sgml-public-transliterations'. The
templates in the list is tried in order until an existing file is
found. The `sgml-public-map' is modeled after `sgmls' environment
variable `SGML_PATH' and psgml understand the following substitution
characters: %%, %N, %P, %S, %Y, %C, %L, %O, %T, and %V. The the
default value of `sgml-public-map' is taken from the environment
variable `SGML_PATH'.
Given the public identifier above and the file name template
`/usr/local/lib/sgml/%o/%c/%d', the resulting file name is
Note: blanks are transliterated to `_' (and also `/' to `%') and the
text class is down cased.
- User Option: sgml-catalog-files
This is a list of catalog entry files. The files are in the
format defined in the SGML Open Draft Technical Resolution on
Entity Management. The Emacs variable is initialized from the
environment variable `SGML_CATALOG_FILES' or if this variable is
undefined the default is
("CATALOG" "/usr/local/lib/sgml/CATALOG")
- User Option: sgml-local-catalogs
A list of SGML entity catalogs to be searched first when parsing
the buffer. This is used in addition to `sgml-catalog-files', and
`sgml-public-map'. This variable is automatically local to the
- User Option: sgml-system-identifiers-are-preferred
If `nil', PSGML will look up external entities by searching the
catalogs in `sgml-local-catalogs' and `sgml-catalog-files' and
only if the entity is not found in the catalogs will a given system
identifier be used. If the variable is non-nil and a system
identifier is given, the system identifier will be used for the
entity. If no system identifier is given the catalogs will
- User Option: sgml-public-map
This should be a list of file name templates. This variable is
initialized from the environment variable `SGML_PATH'. This is
the same environment variable that `sgmls' uses. If the
environment variable is undefined the default is
("%S" "/usr/local/lib/sgml/%o/%c/%d")
File: psgml.info, Node: Validate, Next: SGML declaration, Prev: Entity manager, Up: Top
Running an external SGML parser
PSGML can not validate an SGML document (see below what it can and
can't do). If you have a validating SGML parser, like `sgmls', you can
run the parser on your file with the command `C-c C-v'
Some variables control this function:
- User Option: sgml-validate-command
The shell command to validate an SGML document.
This is a `format' control string that by default should contain
two `%s' conversion specifications: the first will be replaced by
the value of `sgml-declaration' (or the empty string, if nil); the
second will be replaced by the current buffer's file name (or the
empty string, if nil).
If `sgml-validate-files' is non-nil, the format string should
contain one `%s' conversion specification for each element of its
If sgml-validate-command is a list, then every element should be a
string. The strings will be tried in order and `%'-sequences in
the string will be replaced according to the list below, if the
string contains `%'-sequences with no replacement value the next
string will be tried.
means the visited file of the current buffer
means the SGML declaration specified in the sgml-declaration
means the file containing the DOCTYPE declaration, if not in
the buffer
The default value is `nsgmls -s %s %s'.
- User Option: sgml-validate-files
If non-nil, a function of no arguments that returns a list of file
names. These file names will serve as the arguments to the
`sgml-validate-command' format control string instead of the
- User Option: sgml-declaration
The name of the SGML declaration file.
- User Option: sgml-offer-save
If non-nil, `C-c C-v' (`sgml-validate') will ask about saving
modified buffers before running the validate command. The default
value is `t'.
The built-in parser can find some markup errors. The command `C-c
C-o' (`sgml-next-trouble-spot') is the best way to use the built-in
parser for this. To check the whole file go to the beginning of the
buffer and use `C-c C-o'.
Some of the markup errors not found are:
* Errors in the SGML declaration.
* Errors in attribute specifications.
* Omitted start-tags for empty elements.
File: psgml.info, Node: SGML declaration, Next: Managing the DTD, Prev: Validate, Up: Top
SGML Declaration
PSGML does not understand the SGML declaration, it accepts one in the
file but it is ignored. If you have the SGML declaration in another
file you can make `sgmls' use it when you use the `C-c C-v'
(`sgml-validate') command (*note Validate::.).
PSGML has some options in what features it uses and what markup it
creates. You have to set these options to make PSGML's behavior
consistent with your SGML declaration and personal preferences.
- User Option: sgml-omittag
Set this to `t' if the SGML declaration has `OMITTAG YES' and to
`nil' otherwise.
- User Option: sgml-shorttag
Set this to `t' if the SGML declaration has `SHORTTAG YES' and to
`nil' otherwise.
- User Option: sgml-always-quote-attributes
If non-nil, quote all attribute values inserted after finishing
edit attributes. If this variable is `nil' and `sgml-shorttag' is
non-`nil', attribute values that consists of only name characters
will not be quoted.
- User Option: sgml-minimize-attributes
Determines minimization of attributes inserted by edit-attributes.
If non-nil, omit attribute name if the attribute value is from a
token group. If `max', omit attributes with default value.
Minimization will only be done if they produce legal SGML (assuming
`sgml-omittag' and `sgml-shorttag' are set correctly).
File: psgml.info, Node: Managing the DTD, Next: Edit, Prev: SGML declaration, Up: Top
Document Type Declaration
PSGML needs to know about the DTD you are using for many of its
commands. If you do not have a `DOCTYPE' declaration in your file,
PSGML will try assume that there is one of the form
where NAME is the value of `sgml-default-doctype-name', if the value
is non-`nil', else the GI of the first tag will be used.
PSGML will try to parse the document type declaration the first time
you do something that needs to parse the document or immediately if the
variable `sgml-auto-activate-dtd' is `t'. You can also initiate the
parsing of the document type declaration with the command
`sgml-parse-prolog'. Big DTDs take some time to parse.
When the DTD has been parsed or loaded the name of the document
element will be displayed in the mode line inside brackets. If there
was an error parsing the DTD or there is no DTD, the mode line will
display `[ANY]' (*** this is not really correct! a DTD will be
established even if there are missing entities, it may even be empty).
* Menu:
* Precompiled DTD Subsets::
* Using a Split Document::
* Inserting a DOCTYPE::
* Information from the DTD::
File: psgml.info, Node: Precompiled DTD Subsets, Next: Using a Split Document, Prev: Managing the DTD, Up: Managing the DTD
Precompiled DTD Subsets
If parsing the DTD takes too long time you can arrange to have PSGML
cache an internal complied version of the DTD. Caching can be done of
DTD fragments in favourable situations. It is possible to have an
external DTD subset cached but still have an internal DTD subset as long
as the internal subset does not define parameter entities that affect
the parsing of the external subset (*** what is the exact conditions?,
probably you can't use the cached external subset if the internal subset
defines parameter entities that are also defined in the external subset
with another value).
To enable caching you have to create special catalog files, hear
after called ECAT files due to (temporary) lack of imagination. These
catalogs have similar syntax to the entity catalogs and there are two
variables containing lists of catalogs to search: `sgml-ecat-files' and
`sgml-local-ecat-files'. The ECAT files can contain the following
types of entries:
`file DTDFILE ENTITYDEF CFILE'
The DTDFILE is the name of a file containing a DTD subset that
should be cached in CFILE. The ENTITYDEF is optional and if given
have the following syntax:
Using ENTITYDEF will modify the DTD subset by defining the
parameter entity with name NAME1 to be LITERAL1, .... The cached
version of the subset will be created with those entity
definitions, and when PSGML search for a matching cached subset
will check that the parameter entities in ENTITYDEF has been
defined with those values before trying to use `cfile'.
`public PUBID ENTITYDEF CFILE'
Cache the DTD subset with public identifier PUBID in file CFILE.
- User Option: sgml-recompile-out-of-date-cdtd
If non-`nil', out of date compiled DTDs will be automatically
recompiled. If the value is `ask', PSGML will ask before
recompiling. A `nil' value will cause PSGML to silently load an
out of date compiled DTD. A DTD that refers to undefined external
entities is always out of date, thus in such case it can be useful
to set this variable to `nil'.
Previous versions of PSGML have had another way of speeding up DTD
parsing. This code remains in this version of PSGML, but is not
actively maintained and may disappear in the future.
You can save the parsed DTD in a file using the command `M-x
sgml-save-dtd'. Next time PSGML can load that file instead of parsing
the DTD. For PSGML to find the saved DTD you must either save the DTD
using the default name or do a `M-x sgml-save-options' after saving the
DTD. To directly use an already parsed and saved DTD, load the file
containing the saved DTD with the command `M-x sgml-load-dtd'.
- User Option: sgml-default-dtd-file
This is the default file name for saved DTD. This is set by
`sgml-mode' to the buffer file name less extension plus the
extension `.ced', if that file exists. Can be changed in the Local
variables section of the file.
File: psgml.info, Node: Using a Split Document, Next: Inserting a DOCTYPE, Prev: Precompiled DTD Subsets, Up: Managing the DTD
Using a Split Document
You can have the `DOCTYPE' declaration in another file by setting
`sgml-doctype' to the other file.
- User Option: sgml-parent-document
Used when the current file is part of a bigger document.
The variable describes how the current file's content fit into the
element hierarchy. The variable should have the form
is a string, the name of the file containing the document
is a string, that is the name of an element type. It can
occur 0 or more times and is used to set up exceptions and
short reference map. Good candidates for these elements are
the elements open when the entity pointing to the current
file is used.
is a string that is the name of the element type of the top
level element in the current file. The file should contain
one instance of this element, unless the last (lisp) element
of sgml-parent-document is a list. If it is a list, the top
level of the file should follow the content model of
is a string that is the name of an element type. This
element is satisfied in the content model of top-element.
File: psgml.info, Node: Inserting a DOCTYPE, Next: Information from the DTD, Prev: Using a Split Document, Up: Managing the DTD
Inserting a DOCTYPE
*** Describe the DTD menu in general. Describe customized entries
for special DTDs. Mention `C-c C-u C-d' for inserting a DOCTYPE from
If you change the doctype you must execute `sgml-parse-prolog',
changes in the doctype are not automatically recognized.
- User Option: sgml-custom-dtd
Menu entries to be added to the DTD menu. The value should be a
list of entries to be added to the DTD menu.
Every entry should be a list. The first element of the entry is a
string used as the menu entry. The second element is a string
containing a doctype declaration (this can be nil if no doctype).
The rest of the list should be a list of variables and values.
For backward compatibility a single string instead of a variable
is assigned to `sgml-default-dtd-file'. All variables are made
buffer local and are also added to the buffers local variables
When an entry is selected from the DTD menu, the doctype
declaration will be inserted, the variables will be set to the
values in the entry and a local variables list will be created in
the buffer.
(("HTML" nil
sgml-default-dtd-file "~/sgml/html.ced"
sgml-omittag nil sgml-shorttag nil)
sgml-omittag t sgml-shorttag nil)
sgml-omittag nil sgml-shorttag t)))
File: psgml.info, Node: Information from the DTD, Prev: Inserting a DOCTYPE, Up: Managing the DTD
Information from the DTD
PSGML can list various information about the current DTD. The
following commands can be used via `M-x' and can also be found in the
DTD menu.
Display information about the current DTD.
Describe the properties of an element type as declared in the
current DTD.
Describe the properties of an entity as declared in the current
Will list all elements and the attributes declared for the element.
Will list all attributes declared and the elements that use them.
Will list all elements that can contain data.
Will list all element types and where it can occur.
Will list all element types and the element types that can occur
in its content.
File: psgml.info, Node: Edit, Next: Display, Prev: Managing the DTD, Up: Top
Commands for editing
* Menu:
* Insert:: Inserting Markup
* Complete:: Markup completion
* Information:: Showing information
* Indent:: Indentation according to structure
* Move:: Move in the element structure
* Attributes:: Editing attributes
* Change and delete:: Changing and deleting markup
* Translating characters and entities::
File: psgml.info, Node: Insert, Next: Complete, Prev: Edit, Up: Edit
Inserting Markup
The commands that insert start-tags works only if the document has an
associated DTD.
Keyboard commands for inserting:
`C-c <'
Will ask, for the tag to insert, in the mini-buffer with
completion on the tags that are valid at point (`sgml-insert-tag').
If the option `sgml-balanced-tag-edit' is non-nil, inserting a
start-tag will also insert the corresponding end-tag. If, in
addition, `sgml-auto-insert-required-elements' is non-nil, tags
for elements required between the inserted tags will also be
The list of valid tags, computed for a position in the buffer, will
1. The end-tag for the current element, if it can be ended at
the position and `sgml-balanced-tag-edit' is nil.
Furthermore it will contain end-tags for enclosing elements
if the necessary omissible end-tag declarations have been
made in the DTD.
2. The start-tags of all elements that could occur after point.
If `sgml-omittag-transparent' is nil, the above will be
limited to the elements that can occur within the current
`C-c C-e'
Insert start and end-tags for an element (`sgml-insert-element').
The name of the element is read from the mini-buffer with
completion on valid elements. If
`sgml-insert-end-tag-on-new-line' is non-nil or the element has
element content, the end-tag will be inserted on a new line after
the start-tag.
If `sgml-omittag-transparent' is nil, the list of valid elements
will only contain the elements that can be in the content of the
current element.
Required elements in the content will be automatically inserted if
the option `sgml-auto-insert-required-elements' is non-nil. When
the content model demands an element but there is more than one to
choose from, a comment can be inserted with the available choices
if the option `sgml-insert-missing-element-comment' is non-nil.
`C-c C-r'
Makes the region into a new element (`sgml-tag-region'). Reads
element name from mini-buffer with completion as for `C-c C-e'.
`C-c /'
Inserts an end-tag for the current element (`sgml-insert-end-tag').
`C-c RET'
Split the current element at point. If repeated, the containing
element will be split before the beginning of then current element.
Typical use is to start a new paragraph element when inside a
`C-c +'
Read attribute name and value from mini-buffer and insert attribute
specification (`sgml-insert-attribute'). If point is immediately
after a start-tag, this command operates on that start-tag.
Otherwise the command will operate on the element after point.
The attribute name will be read with completion. If the attribute
has a token list as declared value the attribute value will also
be read with completion. The prompt for attribute value will
typically look like:
Value for ATTRIBUTE (TYPE Default: CURRENT VALUE):
`C-c C-u C-m'
Give keyboard access to the customized part of the Markup menu.
Emacs will prompt for the markup to insert using the menu line as
selector. (See SGML-CUSTOM-MARKUP below.)
Menu bar:
Selecting from this menu will insert markup. The menu contains
sub menus with tags and with entities, some other markup and a user
defined section.
Sub menus:
`Insert element'
Pops up a menu of valid elements and insert start and end-tags for
the selected element. Selections from the menu works like the `C-c
C-e' command.
`Insert start-tag'
Pops up a menu of valid start-tags and insert the selected tag.
The menu has the same start-tags as the completion list for `C-c
`Insert end-tag'
Pops up a menu of valid end-tags and insert the selected tag.
`Tag region'
Pops up a menu of valid elements and tag the region with the
selection. Selections from the menu works like the `C-c C-r'
`Insert entity'
Menu of all general entities defined in the DTD.
`Insert attribute'
Pops up a menu with all the attributes of an element. The element
is either the one which start-tag is immediately before point or
the element after point. Selecting from this menu edits the
attribute specification list for the element.
The menu has a sub menu for every attribute which declared value
is a token list. The rest of the attributes are collected in one
sub menu. For the token list attributes, selecting a value will
insert that attribute-value pair. Selecting some other attribute
reads the attribute-value from the mini-buffer and inserts the
attribute value pair.
A menu is also available directly with a mouse button click in the
buffer. In GNU Emacs it is the first mouse button combined with shift
(`S-'). In Lucid Emacs it is bound to the third mouse button.
The mouse button click will pop-up a menu of valid tags or a menu of
attributes if the point is in a start-tag. The attributes menu works
as the "Insert attribute" menu from the menu-bar. The tags list is the
list of valid tags described above for command `C-c <'. Selection from
the tags menu works like the `C-c <' command, with the following
You can tag a region, with start and end-tag. There are two ways to
indicate the region to mark:
1. Use the normal mouse commands to mark region.
For this to work you must either use "transient mark mode" (*note
Transient Mark Mode: (emacs)Transient Mark.) or set the option
`sgml-tag-region-if-active' to non-nil (don't set this unless you
are sure that you want it).
2. Alternatively make a secondary selection, this is done by holding
down the meta key and using the mouse buttons. *Note Secondary
selection: (emacs)Secondary selection. Some window managers
intercept these events, which makes it hard use the secondary
selection in Emacs.
- User Option: sgml-balanced-tag-edit
If non-nil, inserting a start-tag will also insert the
corresponding end-tag.
- User Option: sgml-auto-insert-required-elements
If non-nil, automatically inserts required elements in the content
of an inserted element.
- User Option: sgml-omittag-transparent
If non-nil, will show legal tags inside elements with omissible
start-tags and legal tags beyond omissible end-tags.
- User Option: sgml-tag-region-if-active
If non-nil, the `Insert tags' menu will tag a region if the region
is considered active by emacs. If nil, region must be active and
`transient-mark-mode' must be on for the region to be tagged.
- User Option: sgml-custom-markup
Menu entries to be added to the Markup menu. The value should be
a list of lists of two strings. The first string is the menu line
and the second string is the text inserted when the menu item is
selected. The second string can contain a `\r' where the cursor
should be left. Also, if a selection is made according to the
same rules as for the `S-mouse-1' menu, the selection is replaced
with the second string and `\r' is replaced with the selection.
(("Version1" "")
("New page" ""))
- User Option: sgml-insert-missing-element-comment
If non-nil, and sgml-auto-insert-required-elements also true,
`sgml-insert-element' will insert a comment if there is an element
required but there is more than one to choose from.
- User Option: sgml-insert-end-tag-on-new-line
If non-nil, `sgml-insert-element' will put the end-tag on a new
line after the start-tag. Useful on slow terminals if you find
the end-tag after the cursor irritating.
File: psgml.info, Node: Complete, Next: Information, Prev: Insert, Up: Edit
Markup completion
If you are typing in markup directly, `M-TAB' will help you by
completing a tag name, an entity name or a markup declaration name. If
you type `M-TAB' after a plain word, `ispell-complete-word' will be
invoked instead.
If you have typed (-!- marks the position of point)
and type `M-TAB' (assuming you use the `ISOLat1' entity set) you get:
File: psgml.info, Node: Information, Next: Indent, Prev: Complete, Up: Edit
Showing information
Commands for showing information obtained by parsing the buffer.
`C-c C-c'
Shows in the message area: context at point, if in a tag or in
mixed content and the open elements (`sgml-show-context').
`C-c C-w'
Shows what element the character after point (under the cursor)
belongs to; also shows context of element (`sgml-what-element').
`C-c C-t'
List contextually valid tags (`sgml-list-valid-tags'). Displays
information about current element, all valid end-tags, valid
start-tags in current element, and start-tags valid at this point
but in other elements together with the tags omitted.
You can make the mode-line display the name of the current open
element by setting the `sgml-live-element-indicator' variable. Setting
this will make all commands slower due to the work needed to keep the
mode-line up to date.
- User Option: sgml-live-element-indicator
If non-nil, indicate current element in mode line.
NOTE: Setting this implies that every command can cause a parse.
File: psgml.info, Node: Indent, Next: Move, Prev: Information, Up: Edit
Indentation according to structure
You can indent a line according to the depth of element nesting at
the beginning of the line. To indent the current line use `'.
You can also use `' (`newline-and-indent') to start a new line
with correct indentation.
- User Option: sgml-indent-step
How much to increment indent for every element level. If nil, no
If this is nil, `' will insert a tab instead of indenting.
- User Option: sgml-indent-data
If non-nil, indent in data/mixed context also.
File: psgml.info, Node: Move, Next: Attributes, Prev: Indent, Up: Edit
Move in the element structure
These commands move in the element structure. The commands uses
knowledge of SGML syntax, and if available the specific DTD.
Move to the (content) beginning of the current element
Move to the (content) end of the current element
Move forward by element (`sgml-forward-element').
Move backward by element (`sgml-backward-element').
Move up to before current element (`sgml-backward-up-element').
`C-c C-n'
Move up to after current element (`sgml-up-element').
Move down to the (content) beginning of the next element
`C-c C-d'
Move to the next place where data is allowed
You can also move to the next place where there is some structural
error with `C-c C-o' (*note Validate::.).
File: psgml.info, Node: Attributes, Next: Change and delete, Prev: Move, Up: Edit
Editing attributes
If you want to change the attributes of a start-tag you can simply
edit them directly in the buffer. Or you can place the cursor at or
after the start-tag and use the `sgml-edit-attributes' command,
available from the `SGML'-menu or on `C-c C-a'. This will create a new
Emacs window with all possible attributes listed in the form
The CURRENT VALUE may be shown as `#DEFAULT' if the attribute has
not been given a value in the start-tag. The list also contains the
attributes declaration as a comment. Note also that the CURRENT VALUE
is show without eventual quotes.
It is now possible to edit the attribute values. You can move to the
next attribute with `'. If you want to let an attribute have its
default value use `C-c C-d', this will insert a `#DEFAULT' in the value
If Emacs is running in an X window, the `#DEFAULT' will be
underlined to distinguish it from normal values.
Finish the editing with `C-c C-c'; this will replace the attribute
values in the main buffer with those edited. Note that values will be
quoted as needed.
If you want to abort the editing, you can remove the window with
`C-x 0' or if you want it neat, kill the buffer and remove the window.
Some other keys are:
Go to the beginning of the value field
Go to the end of the value field (`sgml-edit-attrib-field-end').
`C-c C-k'
Clear the value field (`sgml-edit-attrib-clear').
`C-c C-d'
Set the value field to `#DEFAULT' (`sgml-edit-attrib-default').
This is a special value that will make the attribute be implied.
File: psgml.info, Node: Change and delete, Next: Translating characters and entities, Prev: Attributes, Up: Edit
Changing and deleting markup
`C-c ='
Change the name of the current element
(`sgml-change-element-name'). Tries to translate attribute
specifications. An attribute will be translated to an attribute
with the same name. If the new element has no attribute with the
same name, the attribute will be ignored. If there is an
attribute with the same name but different declared content, a
warning is given.
ID attributes are handled specially, an attribute with declared
value ID will always be translated to the attribute with declared
value ID.
`C-c C-k'
Kill next tag, markup declaration or process instruction
Kill the element following the cursor (`sgml-kill-element').
`C-c -'
Remove tags from current element (`sgml-untag-element').
`C-c #'
Convert character after point to a character reference
(`sgml-make-character-reference'). If called with a numeric
argument, convert a character reference back to a normal character.
`C-c C-q'
Fills an element as a paragraph (`sgml-fill-element'). This is a
substitute for the normal `fill-paragraph'. The command uses
heuristics to decide what should be a paragraph.
1. If point is in an element content, recursively fill the
2. Find the biggest element with mixed content containing point.
3. If the above element is mixed but contains elements with pure
element content then fill what is between the pure elements
as paragraphs and fill the pure elements recursively.
`M-x sgml-expand-all-shortrefs'
Short references to text entities are expanded to the replacement
text of the entity other short references are expanded into
general entity references. If argument, TO-ENTITY, is non-`nil',
or if called interactive with numeric prefix argument, all short
references are replaced by generally entity references.
`M-x sgml-normalize'
Normalize the document in the buffer. This will
1. expand short references,
2. insert missing tags,
3. replace minimized tags with full tags,
4. fix attribute specification lists according to options set.
There is one argument, TO-ENTITY, with the same meaning as for
There is one option for the normalize command. With its default
value, normalize may actually change the data content of some
elements. But only by removing some white-space from the end of
elements with omitted end-tags.
- User Option: sgml-normalize-trims
If non-nil, `sgml-normalize' will trim off white space from end of
element when adding end-tag.
Default: `t'.
File: psgml.info, Node: Translating characters and entities, Prev: Change and delete, Up: Edit
Translating between characters and entity references
Set the variable `sgml-display-char-list-filename' to a file file
that contains mappings between all characters present in the
presentation character set, and their "standard replacement text"
names, e.g. "�" -> "[aring ]", e.t.c.
The default value for this variable is `iso88591.map'.
The use the functions (also in the Modify menu)
to translate between entities and characters.
File: psgml.info, Node: Display, Next: Miscellaneous options, Prev: Edit, Up: Top
Appearance of text in the buffer
* Menu:
* Fold:: Folding editing
* Hiding markup::
* Highlight:: Highlighting markup
File: psgml.info, Node: Fold, Next: Hiding markup, Prev: Display, Up: Display
Folding editing
With these commands you can make parts of the text temporarily
invisible to make it easier to see the overall structure of your text.
When folding a region all the lines but the first will be invisible.
The first line of the region will still be visible with an ellipsis at
the end.
*Note Outline Mode: (emacs)Outline Mode.
`C-c C-f C-r'
The region between point and mark will be folded
`C-c C-f C-e'
The region between the start and end of the current element will be
folded (`sgml-fold-element').
This command can also fold the SGML declaration or the DOCTYPE
`C-c C-f C-s'
Fold all the sub elements of the current element
`C-c C-s'
`C-c C-u C-l'
Unfold the current line, assuming it is the first line of a folded
region (`sgml-unfold-line').
`C-c C-u C-e'
Make all lines in current element visible (`sgml-unfold-element').
`C-c C-u C-a'
Make all lines in current buffer visible (`sgml-unfold-all').
`C-c C-f C-x'
Unfold current element and then fold the subelements
(`sgml-expand-element'). If the current element is folded this
expands what is visible.
File: psgml.info, Node: Hiding markup, Next: Highlight, Prev: Fold, Up: Display
Hiding markup
*** Describe hide-tags
File: psgml.info, Node: Highlight, Prev: Hiding markup, Up: Display
Highlighting markup
PSGML can highlight the markup giving the markup a different "face"
(*note Using Multiple Typefaces: (emacs)Faces.). The highlighting will
only be done if the variable `sgml-set-face' is non-`nil'. The default
settings make tags bold and comments italic, but this can be modified
with the variable `sgml-markup-faces'. When highlighting is on PSGML
will parse after every command until the whole buffer has been parsed
or user event occurs.
To remove the highlighting type `M-x sgml-clear-faces'.
- User Option: sgml-set-face
If non-nil, psgml will set the face of parsed markup.
- User Option: sgml-markup-faces
A list of markup to face mappings. Each element looks like
`(MARKUP-TYPE . FACE)'. Possible values for MARKUP-TYPE is:
comment declaration
doctype declaration
ignored marked section
marked section end, if not ignored
marked section start, if not ignored
processing instruction
SGML declaration
entity reference
short reference
File: psgml.info, Node: Miscellaneous options, Next: Bugs, Prev: Display, Up: Top
Miscellaneous options
*** describe sgml-save-options
- User Option: sgml-ignore-undefined-elements
Start-tags for undefined elements will either be ignored, if
`sgml-ignore-undefined-elements' is `t', or assumed to be
acceptable in the current element and defined with `O O ANY'
- User Option: sgml-range-indicator-max-length
Maximum number of characters used from the first and last entry of
a sub-menu to indicate the range of that menu.
This is used for long menus of elements, tags or entities that are
split into `sgml-max-menu-size' big sub-menus.
File: psgml.info, Node: Bugs, Next: Index, Prev: Miscellaneous options, Up: Top
If you encounter something that you think is a bug, please report
it. Try to include a clear description of the undesired behaviour. A
test case that exhibits the bug, would also be useful.
You can report a bug with the command `M-x sgml-submit-bug-report'.
When PSGML needs contextual information it parses the document up to
the point. During the parsing, it builds a parse tree. The parse tree
is used to initialize the next parse, to avoid having to parse things
already parsed. Changes to the buffer is supposed to prune the tree of
all outdated information. But if you get strange complaints from the
parser, try and back up a bit and use `C-c C-o'
File: psgml.info, Node: Index, Prev: Bugs, Up: Top
* Menu:
* : Indent.
* <1>: Attributes.
* : Indent.
* C-a: Attributes.
* C-c #: Change and delete.
* C-c +: Insert.
* C-c -: Change and delete.
* C-c /: Insert.
* C-c <: Insert.
* C-c =: Change and delete.
* C-c C-a: Attributes.
* C-c C-c <1>: Attributes.
* C-c C-c: Information.
* C-c C-d <1>: Attributes.
* C-c C-d: Move.
* C-c C-e: Insert.
* C-c C-f C-e: Fold.
* C-c C-f C-r: Fold.
* C-c C-f C-s: Fold.
* C-c C-f C-x: Fold.
* C-c C-k <1>: Change and delete.
* C-c C-k: Attributes.
* C-c C-n: Move.
* C-c C-o: Validate.
* C-c C-q: Change and delete.
* C-c C-r: Insert.
* C-c C-s: Fold.
* C-c C-t: Information.
* C-c C-u C-a: Fold.
* C-c C-u C-d: Inserting a DOCTYPE.
* C-c C-u C-e: Fold.
* C-c C-u C-l: Fold.
* C-c C-u C-m: Insert.
* C-c C-v: Validate.
* C-c C-w: Information.
* C-c RET: Insert.
* C-e: Attributes.
* C-M-a: Move.
* C-M-b: Move.
* C-M-d: Move.
* C-M-e: Move.
* C-M-f: Move.
* C-M-k: Change and delete.
* C-M-u: Move.
* CONCUR: Introduction.
* DATATAG: Introduction.
* DOCTYPE: Managing the DTD.
* DTD <1>: Information from the DTD.
* DTD: Managing the DTD.
* Element: Information from the DTD.
* entity: Information from the DTD.
* entity catalog: Entity manager.
* external identifier: Entity manager.
* invoke: Invoke.
* LINK: Introduction.
* M-TAB: Complete.
* major mode: Invoke.
* newline-and-indent: Indent.
* OMITTAG: SGML declaration.
* public identifier: Entity manager.
* RANK: Introduction.
* S-: Insert.
* SGML Declaration: Introduction.
* sgml-always-quote-attributes: SGML declaration.
* sgml-auto-activate-dtd: Managing the DTD.
* sgml-auto-insert-required-elements: Insert.
* sgml-backward-element: Move.
* sgml-backward-up-element: Move.
* sgml-balanced-tag-edit: Insert.
* sgml-beginning-of-element: Move.
* sgml-catalog-files: Entity manager.
* sgml-change-element-name: Change and delete.
* sgml-charent-to-display-char: Translating characters and entities.
* sgml-clear-faces: Highlight.
* sgml-complete: Complete.
* sgml-custom-dtd: Inserting a DOCTYPE.
* sgml-custom-markup: Insert.
* sgml-declaration: Validate.
* sgml-default-doctype-name: Managing the DTD.
* sgml-default-dtd-file: Precompiled DTD Subsets.
* sgml-describe-element-type: Information from the DTD.
* sgml-describe-entity: Information from the DTD.
* sgml-display-char-to-charent: Translating characters and entities.
* sgml-doctype: Using a Split Document.
* sgml-down-element: Move.
* sgml-ecat-files: Precompiled DTD Subsets.
* sgml-edit-attrib-clear: Attributes.
* sgml-edit-attrib-default: Attributes.
* sgml-edit-attrib-field-end: Attributes.
* sgml-edit-attrib-field-start: Attributes.
* sgml-edit-attributes: Attributes.
* sgml-end-of-element: Move.
* sgml-expand-all-shortrefs: Change and delete.
* sgml-expand-element: Fold.
* sgml-fill-element: Change and delete.
* sgml-fold-element: Fold.
* sgml-fold-region: Fold.
* sgml-fold-subelement: Fold.
* sgml-forward-element: Move.
* sgml-general-dtd-info: Information from the DTD.
* sgml-ignore-undefined-elements: Miscellaneous options.
* sgml-indent-data: Indent.
* sgml-indent-or-tab: Indent.
* sgml-indent-step: Indent.
* sgml-insert-attribute: Insert.
* sgml-insert-element: Insert.
* sgml-insert-end-tag: Insert.
* sgml-insert-end-tag-on-new-line: Insert.
* sgml-insert-missing-element-comment: Insert.
* sgml-insert-tag: Insert.
* sgml-kill-element: Change and delete.
* sgml-kill-markup: Change and delete.
* sgml-list-attributes: Information from the DTD.
* sgml-list-content-elements: Information from the DTD.
* sgml-list-elements: Information from the DTD.
* sgml-list-occur-in-elements: Information from the DTD.
* sgml-list-terminals: Information from the DTD.
* sgml-list-valid-tags: Information.
* sgml-live-element-indicator: Information.
* sgml-load-dtd: Precompiled DTD Subsets.
* sgml-local-catalogs: Entity manager.
* sgml-local-ecat-files: Precompiled DTD Subsets.
* sgml-make-character-reference: Change and delete.
* sgml-markup-faces: Highlight.
* sgml-max-menu-size: Miscellaneous options.
* sgml-minimize-attributes: SGML declaration.
* sgml-mode: Invoke.
* sgml-next-data-field: Move.
* sgml-next-trouble-spot: Validate.
* sgml-normalize: Change and delete.
* sgml-normalize-trims: Change and delete.
* sgml-offer-save: Validate.
* sgml-omittag: SGML declaration.
* sgml-omittag-transparent: Insert.
* sgml-parent-document: Using a Split Document.
* sgml-parse-prolog: Managing the DTD.
* sgml-public-map: Entity manager.
* sgml-range-indicator-max-length: Miscellaneous options.
* sgml-recompile-out-of-date-cdtd: Precompiled DTD Subsets.
* sgml-save-dtd: Precompiled DTD Subsets.
* sgml-set-face: Highlight.
* sgml-shorttag: SGML declaration.
* sgml-show-context: Information.
* sgml-split-element: Insert.
* sgml-system-identifiers-are-preferred: Entity manager.
* sgml-tag-region: Insert.
* sgml-tag-region-if-active: Insert.
* sgml-unfold-all: Fold.
* sgml-unfold-element: Fold.
* sgml-unfold-line: Fold.
* sgml-untag-element: Change and delete.
* sgml-up-element: Move.
* sgml-validate: Validate.
* sgml-validate-command: Validate.
* sgml-validate-files: Validate.
* sgml-what-element: Information.
* SHORTTAG: SGML declaration.
* start up: Invoke.
* system identifier: Entity manager.
Tag Table:
Node: Top982
Node: Introduction1777
Node: Install4381
Node: Invoke6353
Node: Entity manager7405
Node: Validate12955
Node: SGML declaration15481
Node: Managing the DTD16974
Node: Precompiled DTD Subsets18253
Node: Using a Split Document21445
Node: Inserting a DOCTYPE23001
Node: Information from the DTD24778
Node: Edit25844
Node: Insert26413
Node: Complete34422
Node: Information34923
Node: Indent36090
Node: Move36752
Node: Attributes37801
Node: Change and delete39590
Node: Translating characters and entities42514
Node: Display43181
Node: Fold43465
Node: Hiding markup44797
Node: Highlight44940
Node: Miscellaneous options46314
Node: Bugs47024
Node: Index47823
End Tag Table


text:
380 supper club
about 380 supper club
We host unique suppers that explore regions across the world rich in their wine and cuisine. Located in Cross Roads, Texas at
UnWine'd, we aim to provide a unique dining experience where our guests will enjoy a pairing dinner in our beautiful wine bar.
Our goal is to bring the world to you, where each dinner highlights a region's cuisine and wine, all while remaining local. The night includes a wine flight, 4-course, five-star dinner from a local chef, and
an amazing experience.
Chef Aaron was introduced into the culinary world at an early age. He dove right in and learned the ways in his family restaurant. It drove him to know food and know food well. He finds himself enjoying the creative process of a meal, from a concept to a plate. Chef Aaron cherishes most the way his food draws people together and fills the room will joy.
dinner series: al fresco
Introducing a new supper, our al fresco edition. We're taking advantage of our cooling weather and open skies as we take this dinner outdoors. Our goal is to focus on the community; connecting over a love for food and good times. We are honored to have UnWine'd host us for another addition to our suppers.
a night under the sycamores
November 16th - 5:00pm
Introducing our first family friendly Supper! Keeping with our level of excellence, Chef Aaron prepares his secret family recipes for everyone to enjoy outdoors. End the meal by indulging in fire roasted marshmallows and Chef Aaron's take on s'mores! Bring the whole family for an evening of food, music, and games.
"We all eat, and it would be a sad waste of opportunity to eat badly."
- Anna Thomas -
join the club
meet the team
380 Supper Club was a dream put to life by several different people. Southern Style Events, UnWine'd, and Southern Chapel Vintage Market have teamed up to provide locals with a night that you can't experience anywhere else. Our goal is to stay local in all that we do - from decor to the food. We aim to give you a warm atmosphere to share with others over good food, good wine, and good music. This event wouldn't be where we are today without all the farms, chefs, volunteers, non-profits and help we've had.
To learn more about us:

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Social Enterprise Explained. Social enterprise FAQs / About. 1.
What are social enterprises? Have you ever bought the Big Issue? Setting up a social enterprise. You must choose a business structure if you're starting a business that helps people or communities (a 'social enterprise').
If you want to set up a business that has social, charitable or community-based objectives, you can set up as a: If you're setting up a small organisation like a sports club or a voluntary group and don't plan to make a profit, you can form an 'unincorporated association' instead of starting a business. Community interest companies (CICs) Inspire2Enterprise - Driving Social Enterprise Success. UnLtd - for Social Entrepreneurs. Breaking into Social Enterprise. For generations, bright graduates have been interested in what they can do to improve society and address inequality.
But the options for socially-conscious graduates in 2014 might seem limited. While Teach First and Frontline offer a recognised entry route into education and social work respectively, your interests might lie elsewhere; months and months of think tank internships are unlikely to teach you much more than stapling skills; and the prospect of becoming an admin assistant in a charity – if you beat 100s of other applicants to the job that is – probably doesn't fill you with excitement. But recently, some trailblazing grads have been discovering Social Enterprises, businesses with a social mission. For those who are left cold by corporates, social enterprise is business with a heart. Social enterprise.
Main Body Text A social enterprise is a business that puts social purpose at the heart of everything it does, reinvesting the profits it makes towards achieving that purpose.
Well known examples of social enterprises include The Big Issue and Jamie Oliver's restaurant Fifteen. Leeds has a vibrant social enterprise sector which the Council is committed to helping to grow. Prove and Improve. Community Interest Companies (CIC) – The facts - James Comer. Register a community interest company or CIC Company. A community interest company, known as a CIC is a hybrid between a regular commercial trading company and a charitable company, and became available from July 2005.
The idea behind the CIC was to promote social entrepreneurship, allowing for projects to be undertaken where high calibre directors can be recruited by offering market salaries, and investors with a social conscience can receive a return on their money, albeit capped by regulation. A key feature is the "asset lock" whereby the assets of the CIC can only be applied directly for the objects of the Community Interest Company or similar enterprise upon cessation of the company's business.
It will not be automatically treated as a charity and it will ordinarily pay tax like any other company, although certain tax breaks for investors may be available. There will be a regulator for Community Interest Companies and upon the approval of the regulator an application for company formation can proceed to Companies House. Community interest companies: guidance chapters. 11 1400 guide legal forms for social enterprise. Yorkshire & Humber.
Locality members in Yorkshire & Humber are supported by a team providing one-to-one support and advice across the region.
The Locality Yorkshire & Humber team Kathryn Roper, Membership Developer@LocalityNorth t: 0781 8570192 email@example.com Berry, Director of Services @neilberry1 t: 01142 500613 m: 07912 269672 firstname.lastname@example.com Michelena, Development Manager @sophiemichelena t: 07515 576369 email@example.com Dawson, Development Officer t: 07792 623783 firstname.lastname@example.com What support do we offer? Trading and social enterprise — Knowhow Nonprofit.
Information and case studies about raising money through trading and forming social enterprises.
The number of social enterprises has increased rapidly over recent years and is likely to carry on doing so, particularly as the current economic climate seems to have initiated an entrepreneurial spirit amongst school leavers and graduates who are struggling to find work. In this section we've gathered resources to help if you are just getting started or want some fresh inspiration. Getting started Case studies. CAN - About us. Social Enterprise UK. Social Enterprise YH (@SocialEnterprYH) Charity Bank: Ethical banking. Yorkshire & Humber The School for Social Entrepreneurs. The SSE in Yorkshire and Humber provides training in the form of action learning programmes and specialised workshops to enable individuals to use their entrepreneurial and creative skills to develop social enterprises that benefit the communities in which they live and work.
The region we cover is diverse. It includes some of the most deprived areas in the UK sitting alongside affluent cities, such as Leeds, the UK's largest centre for financial and business services outside of London. Large parts of the region are rural, resulting often in pockets of isolated communities.The SSE prides itself in reaching out to individuals in all these areas that want to create social change – Doing Learning Differently! SSE Yorkshire & Humber move around the region with our programmes, preferring to not restrict our activities by basing ourselves in any one location. Social enterprises.


text:
Arcadian Shop, equipping adventurers for 30+ years with gear, clothing, footwear & travel needs. 4-season rentals; bikes, kayaks, skis, snowshoes.
Specialty Retailers in the Berkshires
Largest gallery of Asian art, furniture & sculpture in the USA. Chosen as a destination by Architectural Digest, Yankee Magazine and AM New York!
Run specialty store with indoor cycling studio, running and fitness classes, running races and race timing.
Our mission is to guide you on your personal journey with a unique and transformative Cannabis experience.
Your downtown Great Barrington fashion haven...urban, edgy, modern and effortless styles for women of any age.
Guido's Fresh Marketplace - Great Barrington
Check for new hours. Family-owned grocery serving the Berkshires since 1979. Offering the highest quality produce, natural foods, meat & seafood, wine & beer, and prepared foods
Guido's Fresh Marketplace - Pittsfield
Check for new hours. Family-owned grocery serving the Berkshires since 1979. With full-service deli, café, juice bar, meat department, cheese monger, pizza oven, creperie, and florist.
Venture off the beaten path in West Stockbridge & be enchanted by a magical forest of works that dance with energy & create a rhythm all their own!
National Shrine of the Divine Mercy Gift Shop
Large selection of Catholic & Christian books, CD's & DVD's, gifts, jewelry & Divine Mercy items. Open daily 9-5pm; closed 4 major holidays.
Select from museum-quality prints, books and other gift items. The only source where every purchase supports the legacy of Norman Rockwell.
Shaker Mercantile has a carefully-curated selection of goods made simply, beautifully, and with purpose.
Your destination for fashion footwear, accessories & clothing. Featuring ara, BeautiFeel, Fly London, Wolky, L'AmourDesPieds, Sacha London & MZWALLACE.
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|Abacus Auctions
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Abacus Auctions Abacus Auctions conducts public auctions of Stamps, Postal History and Picture Postcards and is located in Melbourne, Australia. We specialise in Australia and Colonies, New Zealand and Pacific Islands, but all auctions also offer worldwide material including Asia, British Commonwealth, Europe and Rest of the World. Abacus Auctions is the successor of Prestige Philately and is operated by Torsten Weller and Gary Watson (founder of Prestige). We are always accepting suitable consignments and regularly attend exhibitions in Europe and the USA including Sindelfingen, Stampex, Westpex and the APS Stampshow. Please contact either Torsten firstname.lastname@example.com or Gary email@example.com for further information.


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Galaxy Audio EB6 High Performance Monitoring Earphones
The EB6 earphones features a single driver delivering full-frequency performance. They have a cord over 4 feet long and the ear buds weigh 6g. plastic and metal alloy durable plastic carrying case 3 different sized pairs of silicon sleeves included ergonomic mechanical structure 5x7x15H made in America
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There's often a fine line between hero and villain, and by most accounts, artificial intelligence (AI) is on the villain side, sucking jobs out of the economy. These days you can't throw a rock without hitting some pundit prognosticating on the millions of jobs that will be lost from AI. One oft-cited Oxford University study predicted 47% of jobs are in jeopardy.
But while AI conjures up robots and dystopian science fiction movies, it isn't magic. Today's AI consists of algorithms developed with "training data" that improve over time, otherwise known as machine learning. The result is better pattern recognition, as when Google seems to predict what you're searching for after typing a few letters. What it ultimately means is automation of the information economy in the same way that the industrial revolution changed manufacturing. Any job that involves processing or manipulating information in a repeatable or even predictable way is a job that probably will be automated by AI and its kissing cousin robotic process automation ("RPA").
Colleges and universities have lots of jobs like this. Not in the classroom, mind you; teaching and learning have a relatively low level of repeatability. But keep in mind that only $0.21 out of every tuition dollar is actually spent on instruction. That leaves a lot of repeatable processes that AI will automate. Nevertheless, what we're seeing so far suggests predictions of massive job losses in higher education are overblown.
An article last month in the Chronicle of Higher Education focused on how UT Austin is utilizing AI to monitor and adjust landscape sprinkler systems. The entirely uncontroversial result is not job cuts, but rather a huge improvement in water conservation and concomitant cost savings. Then there's admissions. Reviewing college applications is a highly repeatable process, particularly at the top of the admissions funnel. University of Arizona's Dean of Undergraduate Admissions has commented that AI won't be used to "count anybody out automatically," but will rather "help to enhance" the admissions staff make good matches. No mention of any plans to reduce admissions staff.
When it comes to interacting with students, we're seeing a similar pattern: AI isn't displacing workers, but rather enhancing student experience by filling current gaps in the service offering. In the enrollment and financial aid processes, the Chronicle profiled Georgia State's use of AI chatbot AdmitHub (a University Ventures portfolio company) to respond to enrollment and financial aid questions. Tim Renick, GSU's dynamic VP for Enrollment Management and Student Success, says that in the run-up to the start of each semester, his team can receive as many as 2,000 calls a day. That's volume GSU cannot handle: "We're not American Express. We don't have a call center with 200 people." AdmitHub's chatbot allows students to ask any question at all hours. The technology takes a statistical approach to responding to questions. If it's less than 95% certain of the answer, it connects the student to a human staff member. As you might expect, AdmitHub gets smarter with each question. In its first summer at GSU, AdmitHub answered 200,000 questions and successfully reduced summer melt by 20%.
In addition, AdmitHub founder Drew Magliozzi points out that by addressing simple questions, AI technology integrated into college systems can trigger a staff member to reach out for a human-to-human conversation: "The death of a parent, financial struggles, depression, and many other challenges require time and care. These conversations are the reason most got into the field in the first place. And thanks to the AI, they can talk to a student for an hour without worrying their inbox will be overflowing when they're done."
Another area of great promise is the online discussion board. Anyone who's been in an online discussion for a large lecture course will tell you they're unproductive and tedious at the best of times. Neither faculty nor teaching assistants are incentivized or able to provide the requisite level of structure, guidance, and feedback to keep every thread moving towards a productive educational outcome. That's where Packback Questions comes in. Packback (a University Ventures portfolio company) is an AI-powered tool that picks up where the humanoids leave off. Its algorithms coach students to improve responses and to ask more thought-provoking questions, sparking better discussion and critical thinking. Packback also provides recommendations to faculty on how to further improve student engagement.
It seems likely that students will find themselves engaging with more bots. Georgia State has now enrolled students who are wondering "Where did the chatbot go? I still want to ask it questions." Across town at Georgia Tech, one faculty member has already utilized a bot ("Jill Watson") as a teaching assistant without telling students. Said the faculty member, "I don't intend to put myself out of business. I think of this as improving teaching quality… [not] decreasing teaching quantity."
While higher education may not see major job losses, there's little question that entire job categories in other sectors of the economy (e.g., data entry, tax preparation) will go the way of bowling alley pin setters. However, for most of us in the labor market, AI won't result in job loss, but rather significant changes in what we do every day. McKinsey has estimated that AI will automate 30% of tasks in about 60% of jobs. This means most of us will need to use AI technology in the same way as we currently use non-AI software and SaaS platforms to do our jobs. As configuring and managing AI software – and interpreting data output – will be more complex than using Word or Salesforce, this means upskilling will be required for most jobs, primarily a higher level of cognitive and technical skills.
And so while AI should allow colleges and universities to become more efficient and effective in supplying higher education, it will also shift the demand curve for postsecondary education to the right. With greater demand for cognitive and technical skills, colleges and universities will have a golden opportunity to reassert their preeminence in human capital development.
But just as the impact on the broader economy will be uneven, AI will result in some dislocation in higher education. Specifically, it will be a harder road for disciplines that cannot seriously and credibly claim to further skills in managing software. That's what employers will expect. And as the drumbeat of AI gets louder and louder over the next decade, these requirements will become gospel to guidance counselors, parents, and applicants alike. Carnegie Mellon's new bachelor's degree in AI (the first of its kind) is an obvious early winner. But any program or pathway that builds skills at or close to the human-machine interface central to the coming AI revolution will thrive. Adding software + data to work yields a multidisciplinarity that will resonate across every profession and every area of study. Those who opt to remain on the periphery – regardless of how much they claim to foster core cognitive or creative skills – are likely to wither.
A Northeastern-Gallup survey released in January showed that only 22% of current workers with bachelor's degrees or higher think their own education has prepared them to work with AI. Meanwhile, only 43% are confident they can obtain the education they'll need. Some of that is undoubtedly concern about affordability, but it probably also reflects worries about availability. The response from America's colleges and universities can't be "more of the same."
The reason there's often a fine line between hero and villain is that some heroes are disruptive. And for the sector charged with cultivating natural intelligence, artificial intelligence will be a hero, albeit a very disruptive one.
I am the author of College Disrupted (2015) and A New U: Faster Cheaper Alternatives to College (2018). I'm also an investor reimagining the future of higher education…
I am the author of College Disrupted (2015) and A New U: Faster Cheaper Alternatives to College (2018). I'm also an investor reimagining the future of higher education and creating new pathways from education to employment.


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Request for a preliminary ruling from the Raad van State (Netherlands) lodged on 30 September 2019 – FS v Staatssecretaris van Justitie en Veiligheid
(Case C-719/19)
Language of the case: Dutch
Referring court
Raad van State
Parties to the main proceedings
Applicant: FS
Defendant: Staatssecretaris van Justitie en Veiligheid
Questions referred
1. Must Article 15(1) of Directive 2004/38/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 29 April 2004 on the right of citizens of the Union and their family members to move and reside freely within the territory of the Member States amending Regulation (EEC) 1612/68 and repealing Directives 64/221/EEC, 68/360/EEC, 72/194/EEC, 73/148/EEC, 75/34/EEG, 75/35/EEC, 90/364/EEC, 90/365/EEC and 93/96/EEC (OJ 2004 L 158, 1 corrected by OJ 2004 L 229, OJ 2005 L 30, OJ 2005 L 197 and OJ 2007 L 204) be interpreted as meaning that the decision to expel a Union citizen from the territory of the host Member State taken on the basis of that provision has been complied with and that that decision no longer has any legal effects once that Union citizen has demonstrably left the territory of that host Member State within the period for voluntary departure laid down in that decision?
2. If Question 1 must be answered in the affirmative, does that Union citizen, in the event of an immediate return to the host Member State, have the right of residence of up to three months referred to in Article 6(1) of Directive 2004/38/EC, or may the host Member State take a new expulsion decision in order to prevent the Union citizen from entering the host Member State for a short period of time?
3. If Question 1 must be answered in the negative, must that Union citizen in that case then reside outside the territory of the host Member State for a certain period of time and, if so, how long is that period?


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Can You Help a Child Get Adopted?
The Ironic Catholic is helping raise money for a sick child to be adopted. He's got links for the full story and you can win an IPod Touch as well.
It's possible...through this giveaway, if you donate for Tori at Stephanie's site. Her donations run ends October 21, and the IPod will be be given away to someone randomly selected from you good-hearted donors (if you donate at HER site!).Continue reading>>>


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Tribeca Film Festival – Julianne Moore Empathizes With Incestuous Character of Savage Grace
Savage Grace" width="560″/>
Savage Grace is based on the true story of the incestuous relationship between socialite Barbara Baekeland and her son, Tony, heirs to Bakelite plastics fortune. But the film's star, Julianne Moore, said that the controversial storyline did not intimidate her. "The script handles the incest question beautifully. Barbara was literally boundless, so it was compelling in a sense because I have never known anyone like her," said Moore. "She really interested me as an actress because she's very, very far from who I am."
The film has screened at over a dozen film festivals in the past year, including Cannes last May, but last night at the Tribeca Film Festival was the first time Moore stepped out with the film.
"I haven't been to any film festivals with [director] Tom Kalin because I have been working," the actress explained at a dinner held in honor of the film. Taking a break from a shoot in Pittsburgh to attend the festival proved easy enough. "This is where I live," said Moore. "The festival is right down the street from my home, so, of course, I love it."
"The most important part of making this movie was to be empathetic and compassionate to this really difficult character and not judge her," said Kalin before adding, "Julianne was the key component. She really brought the character to life."Read More


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Our friendly and approachable teams are committed to give you the most enjoyable and stress free purchase experience possible. Comprehensively trained by both the manufacturer and Robins & Day Group to be experts within the Fleet and Business sector.


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The Admirals (6-0) went on an 11-0 run to start the game and cruised to a 78-42 victory over Hope that sets up a date with Englewood Thursday in the quarterfinals at DePaul Athletic Center.
Michael Dunigan continued his stellar season as the 6-10 Oregon-bound senior scored all 18 of his points in the paint and off free throws against a Hope team whose tallest player is listed at 6-4. Dunigan also grabbed 13 rebounds.
Five Admirals scored in double figures while only one Hope player, Isiah Williams (14), managed to do so.
Hope (8-3) meets Foreman in the consolation bracket Thursday at Englewood.


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Clearing The Air On Roulette Numbers – Increase Your Roulette Odds & Get Possible Big Roulette Payouts
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Gaming in online casinos has grown tremendously over the years. There are many free casino sites both on online platforms and land-based casinos where punters dream of Roulette numbers that come up the most. Statistics show that playing Roulette has become very popular due to the ease of playing the game. But not everyone is familiar with Roulette rules. So let us give you a few pointers…
Roulette is assumed to have originated from France. The noun "roulette" is a French name. This makes the basis of the assumption strong. There are many unanswered queries on how to win at Roulette. Players ought to master Roulette rules firstly if they would like something positive to come out of the game. This will then enable possible Roulette payouts! This could be in playing free online Roulette games or real money – the choice is yours!
Does Mastery of The Roulette Wheel Layout Guarantee A Win? Can You Improve Your Roulette Odds?
Some players may assume that there are Roulette numbers, which when used to play Roulette can give a guaranteed win. It is, however, worth noting that every number on an online Roulette wheel has the potential of bringing you a win. The Roulette wheel layout has been designed in such a way that it's random. There is a random distribution of odd and even numbers on the wheel. This explains that there can't be perfect mastery of choosing specific numbers for easy winning. But with using a correct Roulette strategy players can certainly increase their Roulette odds.
The zero number in both French and European Roulette wheels is spotted in colour green. The alternation between 8 black odd and 10 black even and 8 red even and 10 red odd roulette numbers on the wheel makes the player more confused.
No presumption whatsoever should be made to favour any of the numbers. It won't guarantee a win in any way. That is a bitter pill to swallow. The practice, patience, and luck of the player bring in the winning and ultimately increase your chances of winning and your Roulette table odds.
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We advise on playing Roulette for the European and French Roulette versions. Newbie Roulette players may find themselves asking how many numbers are on a Roulette wheel. There are 37 slots on a Roulette board. This applies to both European and French Roulette. One zero only on the European and French free online roulette game increases the chances of winning. On the contrary, the additional zero on the American Roulette wheel decreases the chances of winning to the gamer.
As you can access all these Roulette games online without paying a dime, try both wheels and have a feel of which interests you more.
Roulette Wheel Strategy – Odds On a Roulette Wheel
A whole spin of the Roulette wheel brings chances of picking numbers to 37 to 1. The odds which can be picked per spin definitely become 37 to 1. The payout from the house is only for 35 to 1 if there is a win. The casino gets one unit of profit. The idea behind making a casino is to benefit it and not you so always keep that in mind when you feel like spinning the wheel. There are a number of different variations of Roulette games to be found across our comprehensive choice of online casinos so you're bound to find your favourite. Games such as:
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Review Details
Enell Sports Bra
Product Review (submitted on 1 December 2):
Great bra - front fastening is so much easier than the usual back, just takes a bit of getting used to putting it on, is a bit tricky getting the first few hooks in without it popping open.
I'm a 36G and this is the only bra that really works without me wearing several different types at once to strap them down. I'm a runner (currently marathon training so really putting the hours in on this bra!) and it definitely stops the majority of the bounce.
Only reason not 5 stars all round is that I still get the odd friction burn, but to be honest I don't think that;s the bra's fault - more an inevitability of the miles I'm running at the moment - and it's still a lot better for friction than any other bra I've tried.


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Providing exceptional service to our customers means employing the best people, providing the best training and investing in each individual to enable them to achieve their full potential. Through the #TCSsuperstars program, our aim is to support the development of our people and celebrate their successes.
As a people-driven organisation, a core set of values sit at the heart of everything we do, they are: leading change, integrity, respect for the individual, excellence, learning and sharing. The #TCSsuperstars program reflects these values and forms part of a culture of excellence that is embedded within our organisation.
Celebrating our people
TCS Superstars are exceptional achievers. They are inspiring individuals tapping into their ambitions and talents to achieve the extraordinary. Through their thought provoking life journeys and experiences, they enrich and impact the world around them.
All of our superstars have chased their dreams and gone on to achieve excellence in their chosen fields. Whether it means pushing themselves to their physical limits or striving for good causes, taking up humanitarian endeavours or going all out in search of a personal goal, each of them have a message to deliver derived from their life journey.
#TCSsuperstars is an employee program at TCS Europe which recognizes and celebrates the extraordinary achievements of our employees. Through their life journeys, our employee superstars empower and motivate others, while bringing about a positive change in the world around them.
Thomas-Sajo Henry:
Filipe Mota da Silva:
Jo Whyley:
Suzi Dunn:
Tanja Kraushaar:
Istvan Martonfi:
Piyali Haldar:
Detlef Waber :
Navraj Degun:
Samuel Kuruvilla:
Lisa Gates:
Nupur Dutta:
Stefanie Koch:
Tobias Lundgren:
Subhadip Mukherjee:
Shiv Pandit:
Saravanakumar Subramani:
Gunasekar Krishnamoorthy:
Kshitij Saxena:
Wasique Ali:
Ari-Pekka Repo:
Romain Malick:
For more information about the #TCSsuperstars,
or for further details about the individual superstars featured here,
please contact us on [email protected]


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Capsule wardrobes are meant to minimize and simplify your closet (and your life) by maximizing the use of each clothing item. You would have fewer number of items that could easily be mixed and matched to create different outfits. Sounds great, doesn't it? No more wasted time trying to put together an outfit every morning!
My New Year's Resolution, though, was to not buy any clothes for myself this year, but I'm allowed to make them. So, here are 7 items (colour palette still unknown) I will/plan to make that will coordinate nicely with what I already own:
- Pinterest-inspired paperbag pants: pattern – McCall's 7726/True Bias Hudson Pants mash, fabric – Tencel or lightweight denim
- Bodysuit: pattern – Kommatia Patterns B004, fabric – cotton or poly spandex
- Pinterest-inspired basic t-shirt: pattern – modified Love Notion's Laundry Day Tee, fabric – bamboo spandex
- Pinterest-inspired midi circle skirt: pattern – self draft, fabric – ponte
- Pencil skirt: pattern – Style Arc Zoe Pencil Skirt, fabric – twill or ponte
- Pinterest-inspired button-down shirt: pattern – Hey June Cheyenne, fabric – chambray
- Pinterest-inspired striped long-sleeved shirt: pattern – modified Patterns for Pirates Sweetheart, fabric – cotton spandex
Spring is officially 19 days away. Wish me luck!


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Please note that this newsitem has been archived, and may contain outdated information or links.
18 September 2015, Cool Logic, Suzanne van Wijk (ILLC)
Epistemic planning is an adaptation of a field in artificial intelligence, called automated planning, which develops algorithms that find plans that an agent can follow to reach his goal. Epistemic planning has the same intentions, but uses dynamic epistemic logic to define the planning problems and the plans, using the knowledge of the agent in the definition of a solution. I will present (part of) my thesis, where I extended epistemic planning to be able to deal with multiple acting agents, rather than just one. I will present the framework I developed, consisting of action control models and static control models, which are a combination of the standard models of DEL (Dynamic Epistemic Logic) and a semantic interpretation of STIT (seeing to it that), and I introduce a logic that talks about the knowledge of (coalitions of) agents and their power, and I show how this framework can be used to define a solution to multi-agent planning problems. Time permitting, I will also introduce a way for the agents to commit to certain actions, thereby enabling a group of agents to coordinate on which joint action to take.
For more information, see http://www.illc.uva.nl/coollogic/ or contact coollogic.uva at gmail.com
Please note that this newsitem has been archived, and may contain outdated information or links.


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Journey of Self
Journey of Self. Professional Portraits is a way for the visual artist (that's me) to take people on a journey of self. To help them explore not only what others see on a daily basis but to also capture a rare glimpse of their best self. Sometimes we are to close to see what others see in us and it is my passion as a photographer to show people or to remind them of just exactly what makes them special and unique to the rest of the world.
Photographic Artists like myself, use the camera to reveal what the artist sees beyond the outer world. The artist uses the camera to craft a tangible visual reflection of the inner self of the subject unseen by the naked eye, a surreal moment in time.
I would like to invite you to my beautiful studio for a complimentary consultation. Maybe it's time you were shown how just how beautiful you are. And, if you have a family member or friend who you think needs to discover their own beauty, please share.


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It is truly amazing how much you miss the use of a single finger.
You'd think that with ten of them — or eight and two thumbs, if you prefer — there would be plenty to go around. But no, it turns out that you pretty much need all of them.
Especially if you're taking pictures.
The morning had started quite nicely. I'd managed to make it out to Barrier Lake just as the sun was coming up and the wind whipping across the open green waters made for some pretty pictures. It had been cold enough overnight that there was splash ice on the detritus along the shoreline and as the sun started kissing the peaks after pinking up the clouds, a whirlwind twisted its way across the water and slammed into the side of the truck.
I realize that may not sound particularly nice, but trust me, it was a great start to the day. With the stormy sky and the roiling waves on the lake, the glaze of ice along the shore and the blue slabs of frozen lake water bouncing and bobbing in the bay, I had a half-dozen pictures in my first fifteen minutes of shooting. Big thumbs-up for that.
Truth is, I could have stayed right there along the lake for the rest of the day and been satisfied but the day had begun so well, I decided to keep going up the Kananaskis valley to see what else I could find.
The sky turned grey again shortly after sunrise but it was a nice grey, a stormy, wind-tossed grey that looked lovely against the white mountain peaks. There wasn't much snow down in the valley and even up high it was more of a dusting than any great accumulation. But there was a bit of snow coming down, big flakes that sifted down through the now-calm air.
Very strange, that. Stopping at the Fortress Junction store to buy a battery — lots of movie production vehicles parked there — the calm was kind of eerie. The wind a mere 15 km down the road had been strong enough to shake the truck but here there was nothing. Strange.
I kept on rolling up the valley, the sky opening up overhead and the snow stopping not far down the road. By Grizzly Creek the snow had quit. By King Creek the sun was shining.
For a brief moment I considered going up good old Smith-Dorrien Trail to have a look around. Been a while since I've been up that way. But then I remembered that Highwood Pass would soon be closed down for the winter. Smith-Dorrien is open all year round but this might be my last chance to hit the Highwood this year. I rolled on up.
Out of the sunshine and into the snow. Behind me, blue sky. In front, a wall of cloud and falling flakes. Down along the highway where I'd stopped to shoot a bit of video there was no wind at all but the clouds I could see through the falling snow were roaring along across the mountain peaks.
The summit of the pass was snow-covered with just enough wind to start the loose snow drifting. The sun was shining, at least for the moment, but falling snowflakes were flying around, pushed there from somewhere farther along the valley by the high altitude winds. It looked mighty pretty, all those flakes filling the air with sunlit glitter.
Pulling back out onto the road, I kept on rolling down the eastern side of the pass.
There was nothing to slow down the wind over here. Oh sure, here and there I found calmer eddies, places where the wind was slowed by thick stands of spruce and pine along the upper Highwood River or where a rocky outcrop provided a bit of shelter. But for the most part, the wind was screaming.
I actually hadn't planned to come this far so I decided to turn back toward the calmer side of the pass when I got to Cat Creek. But the light was nice on the water flowing along the Highwood River so I parked the truck to walk down to the bank and set up my camera.
Mini tripod and video rig in hand, I stepped out of the truck, grabbed the window frame and flung the door shut. And my cuff caught on a piece of trim. Pushed by the wind, the door slammed shut on my right index finger.
Opening the door and pulling my finger free, I stood there looking at it as it swelled and quickly changed from red to purple. For the moment, at least, there was no pain, just hot numbness that spread down the finger to my hand as I held it in front of my face. I looked at it, looked at the river and then opened the truck door again and got in. I was thinking, umm, maybe I'm done for today.
I headed back toward Highwood Pass.
The finger was yet to start hurting. It throbbed, true, and was grape-purple but it was more of a discomfort than a pain. And then I saw the grizzly tracks on the road.
Sometime in the last week between the end of the cold weather and the arrival of a chinook we should have saved for January, the snow on the highway had melted to slush. And a grizzly bear had come ambling along.
Its paw prints were nicely outlined and preserved in the now-frozen slush so I stopped the truck and stepped out to take some pictures. A millisecond after I hit the shutter button I was reminded of my crushed finger.
All the pain that had been absent until I pushed on the shutter button suddenly broke loose and shot all the way from my fingertip up my right arm to my shoulder. Had I not had the strap around my neck I'd have dropped the camera. The pain rolled back and forth up my arm like the gusts of wind on Barrier Lake. My fingertip felt like it was on fire.
But almost as quickly, it was gone and the numb throb returned. Blinking back tears — they were from the wind, I swear — I tried taking pictures again. This time using my middle finger to hit the shutter button. That worked, kinda.
But down the road I found a flock of pine grosbeaks and forgot again. Same pain. But it backed off again so when I saw a spruce grouse beside the road near Upper Kananaskis Lake, yeah, you can guess what happened.
Forty-some years of muscle memory is mighty hard to overcome but when I stopped back at Barrier Lake again to take a walk along the shoreline, I remembered, finally, to use a different finger. I don't know what was worse, the throb in my smashed finger or the pain of trying to hold the camera so awkwardly.
And now, on Thursday morning, I'm trying to type without using it, too. I normally only need three fingers for that but my shutter finger is one of them. It will heal, though, and I'll get a brand new fingernail out of the deal as well! Things will work out.
But, yeah, it is truly amazing how much I miss this finger. As Joni says, you don't know what you've got till it's gone. Even when, like my finger, it's only temporary.
Life gave us ten of these incredibly useful appendages. But for now, I guess, nine will have to do.


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Know Yo Civics!
The RNCC (Republicon National Congressional Committee) and the Republicons in general, due to their relationship, have a need for some serious high school civics classes. The rationale for this assertion is their general lack of understanding of how our government allocates and spends money. This is a big deal because the Constitution of the United States has defined the course in which moneys are collected and spent by the government.
Every elected politician should have a firm understanding of which the branches may start the process of taxing, allocating payments, and paying debt. It has become increasing obvious that a great number of politicians either don't know how government works or are completely comfortable with lying to and dumbing down the American people with their words. This is not ROCKET SCIENCE; this is simple elementary/high school, depending on the school that you went to, civics.
Article 1 Section 8 of the United States Constitution states the following in terms of who has the right to raise and spend money; "The Congress shall have Power To lay and collect Taxes, Duties, Imposts and Excises, to pay the Debts and provide for the common Defence and general Welfare of the United States; but all Duties, Imposts and Excises shall be uniform throughout the United States…". Only one branch of government that has been given the right to obtain money and pay bills and that is the Legislative Branch and the House of Representatives is where all bills have to originate; see Article 1 Section 7 Clause. These facts seem to escape the RNCC as can be demonstrated by their recent ad on spending, SEE!
Presidential Assasinations: You May be Next!!!
In my political trolling, I came across this commendable example of journalism in its truest form. A reporter in Cincinnati named Ben Swawn of WXIX radio in a interview with President Obama asked some pertinent questions about the so-called"Presidential Kill List". Now for the sake of clarification, I should point out that the President Kill List is a leaked story that has yet to be confirmed or denied by the Obama administration. Apparently it is a list of people that the President can ordered killed for the sake of US security with any form of authorization from Congress, the judiciary, or We The People. Now this has involved both enemy combatants for foreign and US origin. I would also point out that this flies in the face or America's kill pillars of justice as outlined in the Constitution. But I digress, back to the point of this post.
I have linked the actual interview below, but to give you a quick run-through of the interview. In short the interviewer asked the President about the Kill List and outlines his concern that any President, "regardless of party", having such judge-and-jury powers. A legitimate question and one that very few reporters today would even dare to ask and with that he get my first tier of commendations for asking a poignant question. The President replies with a elongated answer that points out that He or his administration has not confirmed the existence of such a list and that he does not talk about US security to reporters. He then asks President Obama a follow-up question. Can you believe it a reporter asks a follow up question and does so in a professional and in a way that conveyed a level of neutrality; in my estimation. I must admit that I am unaware of whether or not this reporter is a right or left leaning reporter, but I really don't give a damn in this case. He is asking the question in the fashion I would expect any REAL REPORTER to ask. Read more…


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Tuesday, April 27, 2010
Toddler Tuesday
Over the weekend my hubby found a dollhouse on the curb near our house. He called me saying "Hey I just found a dollhouse, I'm going to bring it home" It has been keeping Joe entertained for 4 whole days so far.....
3 comments:
- Mary said...
Whoa, that's awesome! It looks like it had the little furniture & everything, how cool is that?
- April 27, 2010 at 11:25 AM
- regina said...
it does have furniture! and the John asked at the house where it was on the curb and found out that the old man who lives there made the whole thing himself!
- April 27, 2010 at 11:38 AM
- Gwynne Watkins said...
So. Jealous.
- April 27, 2010 at 1:27 PM
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Vail, Colorado was the host of the 2013 GoPro Games Slopestyle event, which was part of the FMB World Tour. Course builders Adam Hauck and Jeremy Witek put together an action-packed course complete with the invisible loop! After a solid day of competition, up-and-comer, Brayden Barrett-Hay took ...
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The construction industry in the United States creates about $ 1 trillion in structures and infrastructure each year. The expense adds about $ 3.4 billion to the Gross Domestic Product and puts a lot of money into the economy. Unlike some industries where the giants govern the industry, there are …Read More »
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