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Birth. June 17, 1952, Sevilla, Spain. He was the fifth of the nine children of Juan de Dios Ayuso Rubio and Natividad Guixot Visconti.
Education. Intially, he frequented Colegio San Antonio Maria Claret, spending a year in the Minor Seminary of Sevilla but his parents wanted him to graduate before he decided definitively. Thus, he inscribed himself in the Faculty of Law of the University of Sevilla. He continued attending Church and doing spiritual retreat for young people and thus he entered in contact with the reviews and the publications of the Comboni Missionaries of the Heart of Jesus (M.C.C.J.), deciding in September 1973 to enter the religious congregation emitting his perpetual vows on May 2, 1980. He earned a licentiate in Arabic and Islamic studies at Rome's Pontifical Institute of Arab and Islamic Studies (PISAI) in 1982. He obtained a doctorate in dogmatic theology from the University of Granada in 2000. Besides his native Spanish, he knows Arabic, English, French and Italian.
Priesthood. Ordained, September 20, 1982, in the parish of Sevilla, by Cardinal José María Bueno y Monreal, Archbishop of Sevilla. He was a missionary in Egypt and Sudan from 1982 to 2002. Beginning in 1989, he was professor of Islamic studies, first in Khartoum, then in Cairo, and then President of PISAI from 2005 to 2012. He led interreligious discussions in Egypt, Sudan, Kenya, Ethiopia, and Mozambique. On November 20, 2007, he was appointed consultor of the Pontifical Council for Interreligious Dialogue. On June 30, 2012, he was named secretary of the Council for Interreligious Dialog. Pope Benedict XVI named him a special auditor at the Synod of Bishops for the Middle East in 2010. He served as the Vatican's principal representative in restoring dialogue with Grand Imam Ahmed el-Tayeb of Cairo's Al-Azhar mosque, which were curtailed in 2011. He reported that the parties were focused on "joint initiatives to promote peace", the right to religious education, and the issue of religious freedom, looking to an agreement that establishes "the sacrosanct right to citizenship" for all, no matter their religion. His work culminated in the joint statement, the Declaration on Human Fraternity, issued by the Grand Imam and Pope Francis in February 2019 in Abu Dhabi. He has represented the Holy See as a member of the board of directors of the King Abdullah Bin Abdulaziz International Center for Interreligious and Intercultural Dialogue (KAICIID), a joint initiative of Saudi Arabia, Austria and Spain, since its founding in Vienna in 2012. Secretary of the Pontifical Council for Interreligious Dialogue, June 30, 2012; Pope Francis confirmed his appointment as secretary on March 29, 2014.
Episcopate. Elected titular bishop of Luperciana, January 29, 2016. Consecrated, March 19, 2016, Papal Vatican Basilica, by Pope Francis, assisted by Cardinal Fernando Filoni, prefect of the Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples, and by Angelo Giovanni Becciu, titular archbishop of Rusella, substitute for General Affairs of the Secretariat of State. His episcopal motto is Secundum Misericriam Tuam. During the illness and after the death of Cardinal Jean-Luois Tauran, president of the Pontifical Council for Interreligious Dialog, he ensured continuity in the dicastery's activities. Named president of the Pontifical Council for Interreligious Dialogue, May 25, 2019. On August 6, 2019, the Pope named him member of the Congregation for the Oriental Churches.
Cardinalate. Created Cardinal Deacon in the consistory of October 5, 2019; received the red biretta, the cardinalitial ring and the deaconry of S. Girolamo della Carità a Via Giulia in the same Consistory. On February 8, 2019, he took possession of his Deaconry. On February 21, 2020, the Pope named him member of the Congregation for the Oriental Churches.
Webgraphy. Photograph and biography, in Italian, Sala Stampa della Santa Sede; photograph and biography, in English, Press Office of the Holy See; photograph, arms and biography, in Italian, Wikipedia; Nomina di Consultori del Pontificio Consiglio per il Dialogo Interreligioso, in English, Wikipedia; Nomina del Vescovo titolare di Luperciana, in Italian, Sala Stampa della Santa Sede, 29.01.2016; Keynote Address Miguel Ángel Ayuso Guixot (Vatican) / Tariq Ramadan, YouTube, published on Jun 22, 2017; Mgr Miguel Angel Ayuso Guixot réagit au décès du cardinal Tauran, YouTue, vaticannews.va, published on Jul 6, 2018; Educare alla pace in una prospettiva cristiana, vaticannews.va, 23 maggio 2019, 07:01; Nomina del Presidente del Pontificio Consiglio per il Dialogo Interreligioso, Sala stampa della Santa Sede, 25.05.2019; Miguel Ángel Ayuso, comboniano español, presidente del Pontificio Consejo para el Diálogo Interreligioso, Ecclesia Digital, 25 de mayo de 2019; Mons. Ayuso Guixot alla guida del Dicastero per il dialogo interreligioso by Sergio Centofanti, vaticannews.va, Città del Vaticano, 25 maggio 2019, 12:00, with audio; Monseñor Ayuso Guixot: solo la fraternidad puede transformar el mundo, Ecclesia Digital, 27 de mayo de 2019; Fedi e armonia sociale. Il vescovo Ayuso Guixot a Singapore, L'Osservatore Romano, 22 giugno 2019; Cardinal-elect Ayuso: will give my life to the Church to promote inter-religious dialogue by Robin Gomes, vaticannews.va, 02 September 2019, 13:58, with audio; Mons. Ayuso Guixot revela a 'zenit' los frutos del documento de Abu Dhabi by Rosa Die Alcolea and Deborah Castellano Lubov, Zenit, septiembre 19, 2019 11:27; La Jornada de la Fraternidad reúne al Card. Ayuso y al príncipe Hassan de Jordania by Larisa I. López, Zenit, octubre 08, 2019 15:16; Messaggio del Pontificio Consiglio per il Dialogo Interreligioso agli Indù in occasione della festa di Deepavali 2019, Sala Stampa della Santa Sede, 21.10.2019; Sikh. Card. Ayuso (Santa Sede): "Riconoscere il diritto dell'altro ad essere trattato con rispetto" by M. Chiara Biagioni, Servizio Informazione Religiosa, 22 ottobre 2019; Ö/Vatikan: Mit Dialog Hassreden auflösen, vaticannews.va, 31 Oktober 2019, 12:12; Cardinal Ayuso: symbols behind the Pope's meeting with the Buddhist Patriarch, vaticannews.va, 21 November 2019, 12:46; Tailandia: La Declaración de Abu Dhabi da sus primeros pasos decisivos en Asia by Anita Bourdin, Zenit, noviembre 22, 2019 14:32; Card. Ayuso: We are called to collaborate in healing the wounds of our humanity by Lydia O'Kane, vaticannews.va, 10 December 2019, 16:55, with audio; Il card. Ayuso Guixot all'Europa: "La paura è il più grande nemico di ogni dialogo" by M. Chiara Biagioni, Servizio Informazione Religiosa, 14 dicembre 2019; Dall'amicizia al dialogo. Intervista al cardinale Ayuso Guixot a un mese dal viaggio del Papa in Thailandia e Giappone by Gianluca Biccini, L'Osservatore Romano, 28 dicembre 2019; La preghiera è la lingua del dialogo. Il cardinale Ayuso Guixot a Ginevra, L'Osservatore Romano, 29 gennaio 2020; Il cardinale Ayuso Guixot a Ginevra parla della libertà religiosa. Dalla semplice tolleranza all'autentica fratellanza, Il Sismografo, L'Osservatore Romano, venerdì 28 febbraio 2020; Messaggio del Pontificio Consiglio per il Dialogo Interreligioso in occasione della festività buddista di Vesakh/Hanamatsuri 2020, Sala Stampa della Santa Sede, 02.04.2020; Ayuso: 14 de maio, a oração que faz de nós uma só família by Hélène Destombes, Vatican News, Cidade do Vaticano, 05 maio 2020, 09:47, with audio; Card. Ayuso: Pandemic provides impetus to build bridges of fraternity, Vatican News, 13 May 2020, 12:57; Il cardinale Ayuso: il mondo non torni a quello che era prima della pandemia by Amedeo Lomonaco, Vatican News, Città del Vaticano, 12 maggio 2020, 17:28; La Bulgaria si rilancia come laboratorio di dialogo. La visita a Sofia del cardinale Ayuso in una prospettiva ecumenica e interreligiosa, L'Osservatore Romano, 30 giugno 2020
Birth. Deember 15, 1965, Madeira Portugal.
Education. He obtained a licentiate in theology from the Universidade Católica Portuguesa in Lisbon in 1989; and a licentiate in biblical sciences at the Pontifical Biblical Institute in Rome in 1992. He obtained a doctorate in biblical theology from the Universidade Católica Portuguesa in Lisbon in 2004.
Priesthood. Ordained, July 28, 1990, for the diocese of Funchal, Madeira, by Bishop Teodoro de Faria, bishop of Funchal. He has served as lecturer at the diocesan seminary of Funchal; rector of the Pontifical Portuguese College in Rome; vice rector and lecturer at the Universidade Católica Portuguesa in Lisbon; and visiting lecturer at the Catholic Universities of Pernambuco and Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; and at the Faculty of Philosophy and Theology of Belo Horizonte, Brazil. In addition, he has served as consultor of the Pontifical Council for Culture since 2011. He preached the Lent Retreat to the Roman Curia on February 18 to 23, 2018, in Ariccia. He has published numerous volumes and articles in the fields of theology and exegesis, as well as various poetic works.
Episcopate. Elected titular archbishop of Suava and appointed Archivist and Librarian of the Holy Roman Church, June 28, 2018. Consecrated, July 28, at the Mosteiro dos Jerónimos, Lisbon, by Cardinal Manuel José Macário do Nascimento Clemente, Patriarch of Lisbon, assisted by Cardinal António Augusto dos Santos Marto, Bishop of Leiria-Fátima, and by Teodoro de Faria, Bishop Emeritus of Funchal. His episcopal motto is Considerate Lilia Agri. He is a Portuguese theologian and poet who's made a career out of engaging secular thought and who, prior to his nomination by Pope Francis as the Archivist and Librarian of the Holy Roman Church, rarely was seen wearing clerical clothes, exuding a spirit of simplicity akin to the pontiff himself.
Cardinalate. Created cardinal deacon in the consistory of October 5, 2019; received the red biretta, the cardinalitial ring and the deaconry of Santi Domenico e Sisto in that same consistory. Took possession of his deaconry on Sunday December 15, 2019. On February 21, 2020, the Pope named him member of the Pontifical Council for Culture.
Webgraphy. Photograph and biography, in Italian, Sala Stampa della Santa Sede; photograph and biography, in English, Press Office of the Holy See; photograph, arms, bibliography and biography, in English, Wikipedia; Appointment of the archivist and librarian of the Holy Roman Church, Bulletin, Holy See Press Office, 26/06/2018; Vatican to Get a new Archivist and Librarian, Zenit, in English, June 26, 2018 Le père José Tolentino Mendonça, un auteur spirituel portugais aux archives du Vatican by Claire Lesegretain, La Croix, 26/06/2018 à 12h46; Cultura: «Temos de sentir uma sedução pelo ponto de vista diferente» – D. José Tolentino Mendonça, Agência Ecclesia, Lisboa, Jul 27, 2018 - 0:12, with video; Universidade: Faculdade de Teologia «congratula-se» por estar na origem da maioria do episcopado português, Agência Ecclesia, Lisboa, Jul 27, 2018 = 0:10, with vídeo; Vaticano: «Poder colaborar de perto com o Papa Francisco é um privilégio» – D. José Tolentino Mendonça, Agência Ecclesia, Agência Ecclesia, Lisboa, Jul 27, 2018 - 0:14; Cultura: «O Arquivo e a Biblioteca Apostólica são uma garantia da vitalidade e do futuro da Igreja» – D. José Tolentino Mendonça, Agência Ecclesia, Lisboa, Jul 27, 2018 - 0:16, with vídeo; Curriculum Vitae; Mons. Tolentino: problema dell'uomo di oggi è quello di una identità sconosciuta by Antonella Palermo, vaticannews.va, Città del Vaticano, 01 novembre 2018, 08:00, with audio; Vaticano: Papa nomeia D. José Tolentino Mendonça como cardeal, Agência Ecclesia, Set 1, 2019 - 11:25, with vídeo; Presidente da República felicita Dom José Tolentino de Mendonça, Presidência da República Portuguesa, 01.09.2019; Consistório 2019: Reitora da Católica destaca personalidade «profundamente cosmopolita» de D. José Tolentino Mendonça, Agência Ecclesia, Set 1, 2019 - 12:19; Consistório 2019: Presidente da República felicita D. José Tolentino de Mendonça, Agência Ecclesia, Lisboa, Set 1, 2019 - 12:20; Consistório 2019: Novo cardeal português vai «valorizar o pontificado do Papa Francisco» by D. João Lavrador, Agência Ecclesia, Angra, Set 2, 2019 - 19:06; Vatican archivist, award-winning poet, to be made a cardinal by Junno Arocho Esteves, Crux, Catholic News Service, Vatican City, Sep 8, 2019; Conferência Episcopal Portuguesa congratula-se com nomeação de Tolentino Mendonça para cardeal, Sapo24, Fátima, 10 set 2019 16:04; Bispo de Leiria-Fátima diz que Tolentino Mendonça será importante na reforma da Igreja, Sapo24, 10 set 2019 17:05; Parlamento congratula-se com nomeação de Tolentino Mendonça como cardeal, Sapo24, 11 set 2019 16:50; Cicerone e il Vangelo. La nuova denominazione dell'Archivio Vaticano by José Tolentino De Mendonça, Cardinale Archivista e Bibliotecario di Santa Romana Chiesa, L'Osservatore Romano, 29 ottobre 2019; Igreja: D. José Tolentino Mendonça alerta para crise de «esperança» que ameaça democracias, Agência Ecclesia, Lisboa, 06 jan 2020, (c/vídeo); Archivi su Pio XII, Josè Tolentino de Mendonça: sono benvenuti tutti gli studiosi, Vatican News, 20 febbraio 2020, 14:56, with audios; JMJ 2022: «Não deixem o vosso coração prisioneiro do confinamento» – D. José Tolentino Mendonça, Agência Ecclesia, Lisboa, Abr 12, 2020 - 18:44; Caminhos de Páscoa com o Cardeal Tolentino Mendonça by Rui Saraiva, Vatican News, 22 abril 2020, 11:21, with audio; Covid-19: Cardeal Tolentino reza com jovens e pede para «não deixarem de ter os seus sonhos», Agência Ecclesia, Mai 14, 2020 - 17:20, with video; Riaprono la Biblioteca e l'Archivio Apostolici by José Tolentino de Mendonça, L'Osservatore Romano, 28 maggio 2020; Portugal: Cardeal Tolentino Mendonça preside a comemorações simbólicas do 10 de Junho, Agência Ecclesia, Jun 10, 2020 - 9:52; 10 de Junho: D. José Tolentino Mendonça apela a pacto entre gerações e valorização da dimensão comunitária, Agência Ecclesia, Jun 10, 2020 - 12:03, with photographs and video; Portugal, dom Tolentino: "Uma visão mais inclusiva de todas as gerações" by Domingos Pinto, Vatican News, 11 junho 2020, 11:26, with audio; Cultura: Cardeal D. José Tolentino Mendonça distinguido com Prémio Europeu Helena Vaz da Silva, Agência Ecclesia, Lisboa, Jun 13, 2020 - 10:16.
Birth. July 9, 1950, Sedayu, Island of Java, Indonesia. His father came from a Muslim family - he was the only one baptized a Catholic; his mother came from a family that followed Javanese traditional religion, but later became a Catholic. After becoming Catholic, they were very conscientious and active in the Church. He was the seventh of ten children. One of his brothers, Ari Suitbertus Sunardi, entered the Order of Trappists in the Hermitage of Saint Mary Rawaseneng, in the city of Waterford, Central Java. Two of his sisters became nuns: Sister Christina Sri Murni, FMM, and Sister María Magdalena Marganingsih, PMY.
Education. He graduated from St. Peter Canisius Minor Seminary in Mertoyudan, Central Java in 1968. He completed his undergraduate degree in Philosophy and Theology at Sanata Dharma University, Yogyakarta in 1971; and doctoral degree from the Pontifical Urbanian University, Rome, in 1981.
Priesthood. Ordained, January 29, 1976, for the archdiocese of Semarang. He joined the faculty of philosophy in Jakarta from 1981 to 1991 and headed the faculty of philosophy and sociology in Santa Dharma from 1983 to 1993. He was dean on the faculty of theology at Santa Dharma from 1993 to 1997.
Episcopate. Elected archbishop of Semarang, April 21, 1997. Consecrated, August 22, 1997, by Cardinal Julius Riyadi Darmaatmadja, S.J., archbishop of Jakarta, assisted by Pietro Sambi, titular archbishop of Bellicastro, nuncio to Indonesia, and by Blasius Pujoraharja, bishop of Ketapang. His episcopal motto is Serviens Domino Cum Omni Humilitate. On January 2, 2006, he was named Military Ordinary of Indonesia. Named archbishop coadjutor of the metropolitan see of Jakarta, July 25, 2009. Succeeded to the metropolitan see of Jakarta on June 28, 2010. He participated in the 13th Ordinary General Assembly of the Synod of Bishops on the theme "The New Evangelization for the Transmission of the Christian Faith", October 7 to 28, 2012. Elected president of the Indonesian Episcopal Conference on November 15, 2012; he has been reelected for two more three-year terms. On September 13, 2014, he was named member of the Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples. He participated in the 15th Ordinary General Assembly of the Synod of Bishops on the theme "The vocation and the mission of the family in the Church and the contemporary world", October 4 to 25, 2015.
Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of October 5, 2019; received the red biretta, the cardinalitial ring and the title of Spirito Santo alla Ferratella in that same consistory. On February 21, 2020, the Pope named him member of the Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples. On July 8, 2020, he was named member of the Pontifical Council for Iterreligious Dialog.
Webgraphy. Photograph and biography, in Italian, Sala Stampa della Santa Sede; photograph and biography, in English, Press Office of the Holy See; photograph and biography, in English, Wikipedia; Jakarta Archdiocese welcomes new archbishop as cardinal retires, Catholic News Service, Jakarta, Indonesia, 6.30.2010 12:00 AM ET; photogramps and biography, in Spanish, INFOVATICANA, 10 diciembre, 2013; Suharyo wins third term as Indonesian bishops's chief by Katharina R. Lestari, ucanews.com, Jakarta, Indonesia, November 15, 2018; Indonesian prelate's political peace call by Konradus Epa, ucanews.com, Jakarta, Indonesia, April 23, 2019; Pope makes Indonesian archbishop a cardinal by Konradus Epa, ucanews.com, Jakarta, Indonesia, September 2, 2019; Un cardinale nel paese dell'islam asiatico by Paolo Affatato, La Stampa, Vatican Insider, Città del Vaticano, 14 Settembre 2019; New Indonesian cardinal: Appointment recognizes country's Catholic minority by Joshua J. McElwee, National Catholic Reporter, Sep 20, 2019; New cardinal says honor for 'Indonesian people as a whole' by Nirmala Carvalho, Crux, Mumbai, India, Oct 7, 2019; New cardinal shares pope's wish for Indonesian Church by Konradus Epa, ucanews.com, Jakarta, Indonesia, October 21, 2019; New Indonesian cardinal calls for greater national unity by Katharina R. Lestari, ucanews.com, Jakarta, Indonesia, October 29, 2019; Asia/Indonesia - Il Cardinale Suharyo: "Il Papa apprezza la Pancasila", Agenzia Fides, Giacarta, martedì, 29 ottobre 2019; Cardeal Suharyo: o Papa convida à convivência; católicos indonésios estão à frente, vaticannews.va, Cidade do Vaticano, 15 novembro 2019, 13:50, with audio; Jakarta Archdiocese declares 2020 as Year of Social Justice by Katharina R. Lestari, ucanews.org, Jakarta, Indonesia, January 6, 2020; A colloquio con il cardinale arcivescovo di Jakarta sulle prospettive del 2020. Solo il dialogo può isolare gli estremismi, Il Sismografo, L'Osservatore Romano, martedì 7 gennaio 2020; Cardinal asks Catholics to pray for Indonesia as virus spreads by Katharina R. Lestari, ucanews.com, Jakarta, Indonesia, March 19, 2020; Indonesian cardinal blames virus on ecological sin by Katharina R. Lestari, ucanews.com, Jakarta, Indonesia, April 13, 2020; Indonesia kicks off Laudato Si' Week by Katharina Reny Lestari, UCA News, Jakarta, May 18, 2020 12:42 PM BKK; Jakarta churches remain shut as Covid-19 lockdown eases, by Katharina Reny Lestari, UCA News, Jakarta, June 15, 2020 08:03 AM GMT; Jakarta cardinal to sit on Vatican interfaith body by Katharina Reny Lestari, UCA News, July 10, 2020 7:11 AM GMT.
Birth. July 11, 1948, Camagüey, Cuba. From a family of modest means. He was the first of six children. His mother was a housewife and his father, who died in prison from a heart attack, worked in the railways.
Education. As a teenager he entered the Seminary "San Basilio Magno" in El Cobre. For a year he attended the "El Buen Pastor Seminary" in La Habana; and then completed the theological studies in San Carlos y San Ambrosio Seminary, also in La Habana. He was a member of the first group of Cuban priests to be trained entirely in Cuba.
Priesthood. Ordained, January 25, 1972, in the parish church of Morón, by Adolfo Rodríguez Herrera, bishop of Camagüey. Despite the checks of the Castro regime that forbade priests to preach outside the walls of churches, "Father Juanito" - as he was familiarly called - passed house by house in the villages to distribute leaflets written always with the aim to reaffirm Christian principles. Exercised his priestly ministry in the parish of Morón; and in that of Ciego de Avila. Pastor of the parish of Jatibonico and also of Morón. Vicar for the pastoral of the then Vicariate of Ciego-Morón. In 1989, he was named pastor of Florida taking care of other nearby communities at the same time. He was co-author of the popular devotional Los cubanos rezamos a Dios. He was the founder of and director of the School of Missionaries of the diocese of Camagüey. He worked to establish prison ministries in the late 1980s after the government gave Catholic pastoral workers permission to visit inmates.
Episcopate. Elected titular bishop of Gummi di Proconsolare and appointed auxiliary of Camagüey, March 15, 1997. Consecrated, June 7, 1997, church of Nuestra Señora de la Merced, Camagüey, by Adolfo Rodríguez Herrera, bishop of Camagüey, assisted by Mario Eusebio Mestril Vega, bishop of Ciego de Ávila, and by Emilio Aranguren Echeverría, bishop of Cienfuegos. His episcopal motto is Ve y anuncia el Evangelio. Promoted to the metropolitan see of Camagüey on June 10, 2002. Throughout his fourteen years as pastor of the Camaguey church, he completed several works initiated by his predecessor, such as the operation of the San Agustin Seminary to receive young people with a priestly vocation and attend them in their first years of formation; that of a small farm that supported the self-consumption of the Diocesan House or the dining room at the service of those in need. He was part of the first group of pilgrims who made the "The Route of the Virgin" from Cayo Morales - Bay of Nipe (Mayarí) to the Basilica of El Cobre, on the occasion of the Preparatory Triennium to the Marian Jubilee for the Fourth Centenary of the Finding of the image of the Virgin of Charity. He maintained the "Sister Churches" link between the Archdiocese of Camagüey and the Archdiocese of Indianapolis, Indiana, United States, and carried out, until almost its completion, the Nursing Home of the Archdiocese of Camagüey. President of the Conferencia de Obispos Católicos de Cuba. On February 24, 2007, he was named member of the Pontifical Council Iustitia et Pax. Participated in the Fifth General Assembly of Latin American and Caribbean Episcopate celebrated in Aparecida, Brazil, in May 2007. As Archbishop of Camagüey, on November 29, 2008, he welcomed Cardinal José Saraiva Martins, prefect emeritus of the Congregation for the Causes of the Saints, for the beatification of José Olallo Valdés, the Fatebenefratelli religious - the first Cuban to be proclaimed blessed on the Island - who in the nineteenth century devoted his whole life to helping the poor, the slaves and the dispossessed. And he also started the process for the beatification of his predecessor at the head of the archdiocese, the servant God Archbishop Adolfo Rodríguez Herrera. Participated in Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops on the Family, celebrated at the Vatican in 2014. In the fourteen years he spent as Archbishop of Camagüey he re-launched, among other things, the San Agustín Seminary and took up and developed numerous works at the service of the poorest. Transferred to the metropolitan see of San Cristóbal de La Habana on April 26, 2016. He took possession of the see on May 22, 2016. He is currently a member of the Standing Committee of the Cuban Bishops' Conference and president of the National Commission for Mission and Family. Just over two months ago he presided in the cathedral of the Cuban capital the funeral of his predecessor, Cardinal Jaime Lucas Ortega y Alamino - who died last July 26th - remembering him in particular as a "faithful pastor" and a "bridge builder".
Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of October 5, 2019; received the red biretta, the cardinalitial ring and the title of Santi Aquila e Priscilla in that same consistory. On February 21, 2020, the Pope named him member of the Congregation for the Clergy. On April 20, 2020, the Pope named him member of the Pontifical Commission for Latin America.
Webgraphy. Photograph and biography, in Italian, Sala Stampa della Santa Sede; photograph and biography, in English, Press Office of the Holy See; biography, in Spanish, Wikipedia; Rinuncia dell'Arcivescovo di Camagüey (Cuba) e Nomina del Successore, Sala Stampa della Santa Sede, 10.06.2002; Rinuncia dell'Arcivescovo Metropolita di San Cristóbal de La Habana (Cuba) e nomina del nuovo Arcivescovo Metropolita, Sala Stampa della Santa Sede, 26.04.2016; Juan de la Caridad García Rodríguez, arzobispo de La Habana (Camagüey, 1948), 14ymedio.com, La Habana | Diciembre 28, 2016; La eficacia de lo pequeño by Sergio Lázaro Cabarrouy Fernández-Fontecha, Arquidiócesis de La Habana, La Habana, 1ro. de septiembre de 2019; Papa Francisco nombra nuevo cardenal en Cuba, Gramma/Prensa Latina, 2 de septiembre de 2019 14:09:39; Futuro cardeal García Rodríguez: a alegria dos bispos cubanos, vaticannews.va, Cidade do Vaticano, 02 setembro 2019, 16:41; Obispos de Cuba agradecen al Papa Francisco por crear cardenal a Mons. García, ACI Prensa, 2 de septiembre de 2019 9:43 pm; Arzobispo de La Habana: "Gracias al Papa por fijarse en la Iglesia de Cuba" by Mireia Bonilla , vaticannews.va, Ciudad del Vaticano, 04 septiembre 2019, 13:31, with audio; Unassuming pastor who helped rebuild Cuban church will receive red hat by Carol Glatz, The Boston Pilot, CNA, Vatican City, 9/10/2019; Misión, servicio y oración: rasgos del nuevo Cardenal, Conferencia de Obispos Católicos de Cuba (COCC), La Habana, 28 de septiembre de 2019; Juan García Rodríguez, ejemplo de sencillez y cercanía a los más necesitados by Larissa I. López, Zenit, octubre 05, 2019 13:24; Alegría fraterna por el nuevo Cardenal by Araceli Cantero Guibert, Servicio de Noticias de la Iglesia Católica en Cuba, Roma Italia, 5 de octubre de 2019; Misión y misericordia en la estampa recordatorio del Cardenal Juan García por Equipo de Comunicación de la COCC, Roma, 10 de octubre de 2019; Cardenal Juan: "Dios lo regala todo" by Sergio Lázaro Cabarrouy Fernández-Fontecha, Arquidiócesis de La Habana, La Habana, 20 de octubre de 2019; Cardenal Juan García preside Misa en la Asamblea de Misiones en Matanzas by Briandy García y Alejandro Mayo, Diócesis de Matanzas, Catedral de Matanzas, 22 de octubre de 2019; Visita el Cardenal Juan de la Caridad García la diócesis más occidental de Cuba by Tania Gómez Rodríguez, Diócesis de Pinar del Río, Catedral de San Rosendo, 13 de noviembre de 2019; Evoca la Iglesia Misa fundacional de La Habana by Yarelis Rico Hernández, Arquidiócesis de La Habana, El Templete, 17 de noviembre de 2019; Desde el Cristo de La Habana es bendecida la ciudad by Yarelis Rico Hernández, Arquidiócesis de La Habana, La Habana, 17 de noviembre de 2019; "Jesús, María y José, ayúdennos a constituir una bella familia y cantar con los ángeles de Belén: ´Gloria a Dios en el cielo y en mi casa paz´" por Mons. Juan García Rodríguez, 20 de diciembre del 2019; America/Cuba - "Dignità e libertà valgono le nostre preghiere con tutte le forze": l'arcidiocesi dell'Avana dinanzi all'emergenza sanitaria, Agenzia Fides, L'Avana, lunedì, 18 maggio 2020.
Birth. January 24, 1960, Boto, diocese of Molegbe, province of North-Ubangi, Democratic Republic of Congo.
Education. Studied philosophy at the Seminary of Bwamanda and theology at the Institute "Saint-Eugène de Mazenod" of Kinshasa. Joined the Order of the Friars Minor Capuchins and pronounced his first vows in 1981; and his perpetual vows in 1987.
Priesthood. Ordained, August 14, 1988. After his ordination, he did his doctoral studies in moral theology at the Accademia Alfonsiana in Rome. Parish priest in Bobito (1988-1989); professor in the Catholic University of Kinshasa; major superior, vice-provincial of the Capuchin Fathers of the Vice-Province of the Democratic Republic of Congo; National President of the Assembly of Major Superiors (ASUMA) and of the Circumscription of Friars Minor Capuchin in Africa (CONCAU).
Episcopate. Elected bishop of Bokungu-Ikela on November 22, 2004. Consecrated, March 6, 2005, by Joseph Kumuondala Mbimba, archbishop of Mbandaka-Bikoro, assisted by Giovanni d'Aniello, titular archbishop of Pesto, apostolic nuncio to the Democratic Republic of Congo, and by Cardinal Frédéric Etsou-Nzabi-Bamungwabi, C.I.C.M., archbishop of Kinshasa. His episcopal motto is Les grâces du Seigneur sont avec nous. In 2008, he was named apostolic administrator of the diocese of Kole; a post he occupied until August 9, 2015. At the same time he was president of the Episcopal Commission Iustitia et Pax and of the Episcopal Commission for Natural Resources. On March 6, 2016, he was appointed apostolic administrator of Mbandaka-Bikoro. Named archbishop of Mbandaka-Bikoro on November 12, 2016. In June 2017, he was elected vice-president of the National Episcopal Conference of Congo, CENCO. On February 6, 2018, he was appointed coadjutor archbishop of the archdiocese of Kinshasa. On November 1, 2018, he succeeded to the see of Kinshasa. He started his pastoral ministry in Kinshasa on November 25, 2018.
Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of October 5, 2019; received the red biretta, the cardinalitial ring and the title of San Gabriele Arcangelo all'Acqua Traversa in that same consistory. On February 21, 2020, the Pope named him member of the Congregation of the Institutes of Consecrated Life and the Societies of Apostolic Life.
Webgraphy. Photograph and biography, in Italian, Sala Stampa della Santa Sede; photograph and biography, in English, Press Office of the Holy See; biography, in English, Wikipedia; Rinuncia e successione dell'Arcivescovo di Kinshasa (Repubblica Democratica del Congo), Sala stampa della Santa Sede, 01.11.2018; Rd Congo : Mgr Fridolin Ambongo Besungu, nouvel archevêque de Kinshasa, Vatican News, 01 novembre 2018, 18:06, with audio; 'Power is a service' Congo archbishop tells candidates, Catholic News Agency, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Nov 26, 2018 / 03:20 pm; Inauguration du ministère épiscopal de Mgr Ambongo dans l'archidiocèse de Kinshasa by Jean-Paul Kamba, SJ, Vatican News, Cité du Vatican, 26 novembre 2018, 17:31; En RDC, « l'Église accompagne l'espérance du peuple » by Agnès Pinard Legry, Aleteia, 23 mars 2019; Cardinal-elect Besungu: recognition of their work to give voice to the suffering people by Robin Gomes, Vatican News, 02 September 2019, 16:34; Mgr Ambongo, futur cardinal, ému et reconnaissant, entretien réalisé par Delphine Allaire, Vatican News, Cité du Vatican, 05 octobre 2019, 08:44, with audio; Sights and Sounds of Rome: Encounters with three new Princes of the Church by John L. Allen Jr., Crux, Rome, Oct 5, 2019; Fridolin Cardinal Ambongo Besungu, O.F.M. Cap: Bringing together people of the DRC by Paul Samasumo, Vatican News, Vatican City, 07 October 2019, 15:35; Synode : Amazonie et Bassin du Congo, même combat, selon le Cardinal Ambongo by Jean-Pierre Bodjoko, SJ, Vatican News, Cité du Vatican, 22 octobre 2019, 18:11, with audio; RD Congo : le Cardinal Ambongo devant la presse congolaise by Camille Mukoso, SJ and Jean-Baptiste Malenge, OMI, Vatican News, Cité du Vatican, 14 novembre 2019, 18:14; DRC: Cardinal Ambongo explains his role as Cardinal at a press conference by Camille Mukoso SJ and Jean-Baptiste Malenge, OMI, Vatican News, Vatican City, 15 November 2019, 15:37; A la fin de son séjour dans l'Est, le Cardinal Ambongo tranche : "le risque de balkanisation est bien réel" by Claude Sengenya, Actualité.cd, Butembo, Lundi 30 décembre 2019 - 11:28; Au diocèse de Butembo-Beni, le Cardinal Fridolin Ambongo rend hommage aux prêtres enlevés>, diacenco.com, 30 décembre 2019 12:45; DR Congo cleric says migrant influx inflaming eastern region, AFP, Yahoo news, Kinshasa, January 3, 2020; Africa/RDC - Il Cardinale Fridolin Ambongo denuncia un piano di balcanizzazione della Repubblica Democratica del Congo, Agenzia Fides, Kinshasa, martedì, 7 gennaio 2020; RD Congo : Le Cardinal Ambongo à la tête du Fonds national de solidarité contre le Covid-19 by Camille Mukoso, SJ wiht Jean-Baptiste Malenge, Vatican News, Cité du Vatican, 23 avril 2020, 20:21; RD Congo : Pour les 60 ans d'indépendance, le Cardinal Ambongo tonne by Jean-Pierre Bodjoko, SJ, Vatican News, Cité du Vatican, 01 juillet 2020, 00:38 (Texte intégral de l'homélie du Cardinal Fridolin Ambongo; RDC : le coup de semonce du cardinal Ambongo à l'égard des politiques by Agnès Pinard Legry, Aleteia, 02 juillet 2020; Cardinal Ambongo : Un pasteur plus que révolté face à la souffrance de son peuple by Jean-Pierre Bodjoko, SJ, Vatican News, Cité du Vatican, 02 juillet 2020, 00:42, with audio.
Birth. August 9, 1958, in Differdange, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg. His mother is Marie Anne Höllerich-Wester. He spent his childhood in Vianden, where his family resided.
Education. After his secondary studies in the Classical Lyceum of Diekirch, he began his formation in the diocesan priesthood in Rome, where he stayed at the Pontifical German-Hungarian College and studied at the Pontifical Gregorian University. In 1981, he joined the Society of Jesus and followed the Jesuit training in the Province of Southern Belgium and Luxembourg. After the novitiate in Namur and two years of pastoral training in Luxembourg (1983-1985), he left for Japan where he studied the Japanese language and culture and resumed his study of theology at Sophia University in Tokyo (1985-1989). He finished theology in Frankfurt (Germany) with a license. Then, he spent four years studying German language and literature at the Ludwig-Maximilians Universität in Münich, which he completed with a license in 1994 discussing the thesis Das Konstantinopolitanische Glaubensbekenntnis. Eine Textuntersuchung ("The Constantinopolitan Creed. A textual investigation").
Priesthood. Ordained, April 21, 1990, in Bruxelles, for the Society of Jesus. After his ordination, he completed his studies in German language and literature at the Ludwig-Maximilians Universität in Munich, where he obtained license (1990-1994). He held the following positions: pastoral training at the Jeunesse étudiante Chrétienne in Luxembourg and at the Communautés Vie Chrétienne; Teacher in the French Vauban Lyceum of Luxembourg (1983-1985); Spiritual guide for seminarians during the preparatory year for the Luxembourg Major Seminary and Head of the vocation ministry (1990-1994). Since 1994, he has been a member of the Catholic student fraternity, AV Edo-Rhenania zu Tokio and of A. V. Rheinstein Köln. From 1994, he taught German and French languages, and European studies at Sophia University in Tokyo; and from 1999, he was Chaplain of the students of the same University. Also since 2008, he was Rector of the Jesuit community at Sophia University and Vice-Rector of the same University for General Affairs and students. He was also Delegate of the Japanese Episcopal Conference for the preparation and participation in the World Youth Day in Cologne in 2005.
Episcopate. Elected Archbishop of Luxembourg on July 12, 2011. Consecrated, October 16, 2011, metropolitan cathedral of Luxembourg, by Fernand Franck, Archbishop emeritus of Luxembourg, assisted by Cardinal Joachim Meisner, Archbishop of Cologne, and by Cardinal Peter Takeo Okada, Archbishop of Tōkyō. His episcopal motto is Annunciate. He was President of the Conference of European Justice and Peace Commissions from 2014 to 2018; and became President of the Council of Bishops' Conferences of Europe's Commission for Youth in 2017. He is one of the founders of the Catholic Scouts of Europe in Luxembourg. He participated in the 14th Ordinary General Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, at Vatican City, October 4 to 25, 2015, on the theme "The vocation and mission of the family in the Church and the contemporary world". In March 2018, he was elected president of the Commission of the Bishops' Conferences of the European Union (COMECE). He participated in the 15th Ordinary General Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, "The Youth, Faith and the Vocational Discernment", at Vatican City, October 3 to 28, 2018; by papal apointment. He is considered a strong progressive and reliable supporter of Pope Francis among the European bishops. Among other things, he has taken strong positions in favor of lay empowerment and penned a memorable article in the Jesuit-edited journal Civiltà Cattolica opposing populist nationalism.
Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of October 5, 2019; received the red biretta, the cardinalitial ring and the title of San Giovanni Crisostomo a Monte Sacro Alto in that same consistory. He is the first Cardinal from Luxembourg. Took possession of his Title of Sunday February 16, 2020 at 11 a.m. On February 21, 2020, hw was named member of the Pontifical Council for Culture. On July 8, 2020, he was named member of the Pontifical Council for Iterreligious Dialog.
Webgraphy. Photograph and biography, in Italian, Sala Stampa della Santa Sede; photograph and biography, in English, Press Office of the Holy See; his photograph and biography, in French, Service Communication et Presse, Archevêché de Luxembourg; his photograph, arms and biography, in English, Wikipedia; Rinuncia dell'Arcivescovo di Luxembourg Granducato del Lussemburgo) e Nomina del Successore, Sala Stampa della Santa Sede, 12.07.2011; Jesuit Archbishop Hollerich elected new COMECE president, La Croix, March 9, 2018; Toward the European Elections by Archbishop Jean-Claude Hollerich, SJ, La Civiltà Cattolica, 21 May 2019; Mgr Hollerich nommé cardinal, «une très grande surprise», Le Quotidien, Luxembourg, 02/09/19 9:45; Cardinal-elect Hollerich promises to live his mission with humility, by Manuela Affejee and Linda Bordoni, vaticannes.va, 02 September 2019, 13:10, with audio; Cardinal-Elect on Re-Evangelizing Europe: 'We Must Be Apostles of Hope' by Solène Tadié, National Catholic Register, Rome, Sep. 3, 2019; «Être choisi pour une telle charge fait un peu peur» by Nicolas Léonard, Luxembourg, Paperjam, Maison Moderne, 03.09.2019; Nuovi cardinali. Jean-Claude Hollerich: "Europa apriti al mondo" by M. Chiara Biagioni, Servizio Informazione Religiosa, 5 settembre 2019; Sights and Sounds of Rome: Encounters with three new Princes of the Church by John L. Allen Jr., Crux, Rome, Oct 5, 2019; Synode: le cardinal Hollerich à l'écoute des peuples d'Amazonie by Hélène Destombes, vaticannews.va, Cité du Vatican, 09 octobre 2019, 15:09; Kardinal wird EU-Bischöfe über Amazonien-Synode informieren by Mario Galgano, vaticannews.va, Vatikanstadt, 18 Oktober 2019, 16:25, with audio; Comece. Card. Hollerich: "Ai politici chiediamo una politica vicina alla gente" by Chiara Biagioni, Servizio Informazione Religiosa, 25 ottobre 2019; L'Église au Japon: témoignage du cardinal Hollerich, ancien missionnaire, interview by Marie Duhamel, vaticannews.va, Cité du Vatican, 23 novembre 2019, 08:24, with audio; Three Cardinals appeal for relocation of refugees in Europe, vaticannews.va, 20 February 2020, 10:07; Bari, Hollerich: il Mediterraneo diventi legame di popoli by Federico Piana, vaticannews.va, Bari, 20 febbraio 2020, 17:11, with audio; Bari, Hollerich: i campi profughi in Libia e Lesbo, una vergogna per l'Europa by Andrea Dammacco, vaticannews.va, Bari, 21 febbraio 2020, 16:22; Hollerich: più vicini a chi sta soffrendo by Federico Piana, vaticannews.va, Città del Vaticano, 14 marzo 2020, 12:22, with audio; Le message de Pâques des Églises européennes, vaticannews.va, 08 avril 2020, 12:30, with audio; Cardinal fears coronavirus could be end of European Union by Elise Ann Allen, Crux, Rome, Apr 17, 2020; Coronavirus. Europa senza festa, nella pandemia. Hollerich: «Adesso serve più empatia» by Alberto Ambrosio and Alessandro Zaccuri, Avvenire, sabato 9 maggio 2020; Jean-Claude Hollerich, presidente de la Comece: «Necesitamos el virus de la solidaridad», Ecclesia Digital, 9 mayo, 2020; Migrações: Cardeal do Luxemburgo dirige mensagem aos portugueses no dia da peregrinação ao santuário local de Nossa Senhora de Fátima, Agência Ecclesia, Mai 21, 2020 - 17:25; "Europe will play a crucial role in post-COVID word" by Céline Schoen, La Croix, Belgium, May 27, 2020; Hollerich: «Europa tendrá paz y prosperidad si las compartimos con nuestros vecinos», Ecclesia Digital, 11 junio, 2020; Africa - "Africa ed Europa uniti per rilanciare la cooperazione multilaterale", auspicano i Vescovi dei 2 continenti, Agenzia Fides, Roma, venerdì, 12 giugno 2020; European bishops call for EU support of persecuted Christians in Nigeria by Courtney Mares, Catholic News Agency, Vatican City, Jul 3, 2020 / 05:30 am MT; Comece: card. Hollerich, soddisfazione per rinnovo funzione inviato speciale europeo per la libertà di religione nel mondo, Servizio Informazione Religiosa, 8 luglio 2020 @ 18:37; Hollerich sul Recovery Fund: questa è l'Europa della solidarietà by Giancarlo La Vella, Vatican News, Città del Vaticano, 21 luglio 2020, 17:41, with audio; Il cardinale Jean-Claude Hollerich: «Senza l'Italia, l'Europa non esiste» by Iacopo Sacaramuzzi, Famiglia Cristiana, 28/07/2020.
Birth. July 16, 1947, Ciudad de Guatemala, Guatemala. He is the eldest of the four children of Ernesto Ramazzini and Delia Imeri, of Italian origin, who emigrated from Lombardy, Italy.
Education. Secondary studies in the Minor Conciliar Seminary of Santiago in Guatemala City (1960-1964); then, studied Philosophy (1965-1966) and the first three years of Theology (1967-1969) in the Major Seminary of Guatemala, completing the fourth year of Theology in the Major Seminary of Mérida, Yucatán, México. He later obtained a doctorate in canon law at the Pontifical Gregorian University, Rome.
Priesthood. Ordained, June 27, 1971, for the Archdiocese of Guatemala. Professor and Rector of the National Major Seminary of Guatemala. Pastor of one of the largest parishes of the Archdiocese of Guatemala.
Episcopate. Elected bishop of San Marcos, December 15, 1988. Consecrated, January 6, 1989, patriarchal Vatican basilica, by Pope John Paul II, assisted by Edward Idris Cassidy, titular archbishop of Amantia, Substitute of the Secretariat of State, and by José Tomás Sánchez, archbishop emeritus of Nueva Segovia, Philippines, Secretary of the Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples. He has held many posts in the Episcopal Conference of Guatemala - of which he was President from 2006 to 2008 - and currently chairs the Commission for Social Communications and the Commission for Penitentiary Pastoral Care. He participated in the Episcopal Conference for Latin America (CELAM) Assembly in Aparecida, Brazil, in 2007; and in the Special Assembly for America of the Synod of Bishops in 1997. On May 14, 2012, he was transferred to the diocese of Huehuetenango. He has been a public advocate for justice, particularly among the country's indigenous population. That population, especially in the area of Huehuetenango, had been marginalized, tortured and targeted for killing in massive numbers during the short regime of Efraín Ríos Montt in the early 1980s. He is a human rights defender whose support for environmental activists has earned him death threats.
Cardinalate. Created Cardinal priest in the Consistory of October 5, 2019; received the red biretta, the cardinalitial ring and the title of San Giovanni Evangelista a Spinaceto in that same Consistory. On February 21, 2020, the Pope named him member of the Dicastery for the Lay, Family and Life. On April 20, 2020, the Pope named him member of the Pontifical Commission for Latin America.
Webgraphy Photograph and biography, in Italian, Sala Stampa della Santa Sede; photograph and biography, in English, Press Office of the Holy See; biography, in Spanish, Wikipedia; A church that requires a different kind of bishop by Tom Roberts, National Catholic Reporter, Sep 7, 2013; Cardinal-elect was a Francis bishop before Francis by Tom Roberts, National Catholic Reporter, Sep 3, 2019; "Sarò la voce del Guatemala": intervista a mons. Ramazzini Imeri, il vescovo di frontiera che sarà cardinale by Bruno Desidera, Servizio Informazione Religiosa, 3 settembre 2019; "Ser cardenal es también un trabajo político en el sentido amplio de la palabra" Monseñor Álvaro Ramazzini by Cindy Espina, Guatemala, elPeriódico, 03-09-19; Pauvres et migrants au Guatemala, les priorités du futur cardinal Ramazzini by Griselda Mutual, vaticannews.va, Cité du Vatican, 03 septembre 2019, 18:19; Reporter's notebook: Tracking Bishop Ramazzini over the years by Mary Jo McConahay, National Catholic Reporter, Huehuetenango, Guatemala, Sep 30, 2019; Cardinal-designate has defended indigenous people, migrants for decades by Mary Jo McConahay, National Catholic Reporter, Huehuetenango, Guatemala, Sep 30, 2019; Álvaro Ramazzini Imeri, un "obispo de frontera" by Larisa I. López, Zenit, octubre 05, 2019 19:42; Guatemalan cardinal brings message of hope to families caught in Mississippi ICE raids by Alissa Zhu, Mississippi Clarion Ledger, Dec. 21, 2019, 10:41 a.m. CT; Ramazzini sobre caravanas: evidencian las causas que los impulsa a migrar by Grecia Ortíz, Diario La Hora, 24 enero, 2020; Cardenal Ramazzini: "Sean responsables y no estén organizando celebraciones de la palabra" by Alex Fernando Rojas, Prensa Libre, Publicado el 2 de agosto de 2020 a las 12:08h.
Birth. October 11, 1955, Rome, Italy. Great-grand nephew of Cardinal Carlo Confalonieri (1958).
Education. He entered the Seminary of Palestrina and took the courses of preparation for the priesthood at the Pontifical Lateran University, Rome, where he obtained a bachelor degree in theology. He obtained a doctorate in letters and philosophy at the University of Rome with a thesis in History of Christianity.
Priesthood. Ordained, May 9, 1981, in the cathedral of Palestrina, by Renato Spallanzani, bishop of Palestrina. Incardinated in the diocese of Rome, November 15, 1988. Rector of the church of Santa Croce alla Lungara from 1983 to 2012. He participated with several members of the Community of Sant'Egidio in negotiations that helped end the civil war in Mozambique in 1992 and was made an honorary citizen of that country. Member of the Presbyteral Council from 1995 to 2012; vice-pastor of Santa Maria in Trastevere from 1981 to 2000; from 2000 to 2010 he was the pastor. From 2005 to 2010 he was prefect of the III Prefecture of Rome; from 2000 to 2012, he was general ecclesiastical assistant of the Comunity of Sant'Egidio. From the center of Rome he was later transferred to the immense Roman periphery in 2012, in Torre Angela in the parish of Santi Simone e Giuda Taddeo, one of the most populated parishes of the diocese of Rome. From 2011 to 2012 he has also been prefect of the XVII Prefecture of Rome. He is the author of some publications on pastoral themes. Named chaplain of His Holiness in 2006.
Episcopate. Elected titular bishop of Villanova and appointed auxiliary of Rome, January 31, 2012. Consecrated, April 14, 2012, by Cardianl Agostino Vallini, vicar of Rome, assisted by Giovanni Battista Pichierri, archbishop of Trani-Barletta-Bisceglie, and by Vincenzo Paglia, bishop of Terni-Narni-Amelia. His episcopal motto is Gaudium Domini Fortitudo Vestra. Promoted to the metropolitan see of Bologna, October 27, 2015. Made the solemn entrance in the archdiocese on December 12, 2015. He is a strong advocate for immigrants and the poor. He wrote a forward to Jesuit Father James Martin's book, Building a Bridge: How the Catholic Church and the LGBT Community Can Enter into a Relationship of Respect, Compassion, and Sensitivity. Gran prior of the Order of The Holy Sepulchre of Jerusalem in the region of Emilia-Romaga. President of the Episcopal Conference of Emilia Romagna from 2016.
Cardinalate. Created Cardinal priest in the Consistory of October 5, 2019; received the red biretta, the cardinalitial ring and the title of Sant'Egidio in that same Consistory. He took possession of his Title on Saturday January 11, 2020, at 7:30 p.m. On February 21, 2020, the Pope named him member of the Dicastery for the Service of the Integral Human Development. On April 18, the Pope named him member of the Administration of the Patrimony of the Apostolic See.
Webgraphy. Photograph and biography, in Italian, Sala Stampa della Santa Sede; photograph and biography, in English, Press Office of the Holy See; photograph and biography, in Italian, archdiocese of Bologna; photograph, arms and biography, in Italian, Wikipedia; his arms, archdiocese of Bologna; Passione del Signore: mons. Zuppi (Bologna), "sotto la croce sentiamo quanto sono inaccettabili violenza e discriminazione che umiliano l'uomo", Servizio Informazione Religiosa, 30 marzo 2018 @ 20:00; Diocesi: mons. Zuppi (Bologna), "una Chiesa senza vera e umana fraternità è condominio di persone che condividono ideali", Servizio Informazione Religiosa, 19 maggio 2018 @ 21:00; Incidente Bologna: mons. Zuppi (arcivescovo), "questa tragedia sarà affrontata con il concorso di tutti", Servizio Informazione Religiosa, 6 agosto 2018 @ 17:05; Diocesi: mons. Zuppi (Bologna), "rendiamo migliore la nostra città custodendo con amore i suoi figli più fragili", Servizio Informazione Religiosa, 4 ottobre 2018 @ 17:02; Immacolata: mons. Zuppi (Bologna), "proteggere il dono della vita dal suo inizio alla sua fine", Servizio Informazione Religiosa, 8 dicembre 2018 @ 16:47; Messa Notte Natale: mons. Zuppi (Bologna), "ci sveglia dal sonno dell'indifferenza. È Vangelo, non narcotico", Servizio Informazione Religiosa, 24 dicembre 2018 @ 23:00; Mercoledì delle ceneri: mons. Zuppi (Bologna), "partiamo da noi: il mondo cambia se io cambio", Servizio Informazione Religiosa, 6 marzo 2019 @ 17:30; Eravamo quattro amici al bar. L'arcivescovo Matteo Zuppi ricorda la mediazione in Mozambico, L'Osservatore Romano, 03 agosto 2019; Diocesi: Bologna, l'arcivescovo Zuppi celebrerà domenica la Messa al Villaggio senza Barriere Pastor Angelicus per la festa della famiglia, Servizio Informazione Religiosa, 23 agosto 2019 @ 18:03; Mozambico, monsignor Zuppi a Patrizio Roversi: "Migranti, alzare muri è miope e fallimentare", La Repubblica, 31 agosto 2019, video; Mons. Zuppi diventerà cardinale, Dodici Porte, published on Sep 4, 2019, YouTube; Zuppi: "Portare la porpora per servire gli ultimi" by Federico Piana, vaticannews.va, Città de Vaticano, 05 settembre 2019, 13:16, with audio; Bologna. Il ricordo di Zuppi: Caffarra chiaro e rigoroso, Marella luce nella povertà by Chiara Unguendoli, Avvenire, Bologna sabato 7 settembre 2019; Matteo Zuppi visto da vicino by Marco Roncalli, La Stampa, Roma, 15 Settembre 2019; Zuppi cardinale, oltre 300 bolognesi in partenza per Roma, Il Resto del Carlino, Bologna, 3 ottobre 2019 alle 14:16, with video; Lo sguardo contemplativo sulla città, motore dell'azione politica. Intervista al cardinale Matteo Maria Zuppi by Andrea Monda, L'Osservatore Romano, 07 novembre 2019; Zuppi, il vescovo di strada: un doc racconta il cardinale di Bologna, Repubblica.it, 1 dicembre 2019; Un saggio scritto dal cardinale Zuppi con Lorenzo Fazzini. A scuola di fraternità by Roberto Righetto, L'Osservatore Romano, Il Sismografo, martedì 3 dicembre 2019, 16:23; Diocesi: Bologna, presentato il nuovo sito. Card. Zuppi, "offrirà notizie vere", Servizio Informazione Religiosa, 21 dicembre 2019 @ 18:17; Madrid: Los cardenales O'Malley y Zuppi irán a las jornadas "Evangelizar la gran ciudad" by Rosa Die Alcolea, Zenit, enero 31, 2020 11:25; Matteo Zuppi: "Hay muchos profetas de calamidades, que confunden la conversión pastoral con el relativismo moral" by Jesús Bastante, Religión Digital, 25.02.2020; Matteo Zuppi, arcivescovo di Bologna: "Basta diseguaglianze, riscopriamo un Dio vicino" by Domeinco Agasso Jr, Vatican Insider, 12 Aprile 2020 12:04; Administración del Patrimonio de la Sede Apostólica: El cardenal Matteo Zuppi, nuevo miembro by Larissa I. López, Zenit, abril 20, 2020 12:29; Ramadan: card. Zuppi (Bologna), "questa emergenza può stringere tra noi più forti legami di solidarietà", Servizio Informazione Religiosa, 24 aprile 2020 @ 18:13; Diocesi: card. Zuppi (Bologna), "padre Marella sarà beatificato il 4 ottobre", Servizio Informazione Religiosa, 20 maggio 2020 @ 18:49; Il cardinale il cantautore e l'amicizia. Lettera dell'arcivescovo di Bologna per gli ottant'anni di Francesco Guccini by Matteo Maria Zuppi, L'Osservatore Romano, 13 giugno 2020; Con la mascherina non ci si vede allo specchio by Roberto Cetera, L'Osservatore Romano, 16 giugno 2020; Guardare la persona come la guarda Dio by Matteo Maria Zuppi, L'Osservatore Romano, 03 luglio 2020; Cardinal says it is time to rebuild, as economic crisis hits northern Italy by Hanna Brockhaus, Catolic News Agency, Rome, Jul 3, 2020 / 08:10 am MT; Diocesi: Bologna, lunedì il card. Zuppi celebra la messa in memoria di santa Clelia Barbier, Servizio Informazione Religiosa, 11 luglio 2020 @ 18:45; Mattarella ai familiari delle stragi di Bologna e Ustica: "Dolore e verità piena". Appello del cardinal Zuppi: "Chi sa parli" by Giacomo Galeazzi, Vatican Insider, Roma, 30 Luglio 2020 14:07; 40° strage di Bologna. Card. Zuppi: "Arrivare alla verità e difendere le istituzioni dai poteri occulti" by Riccardo Benotti, Servizio Informazione Religiosa, 1 agosto 2020; Don Matteo Zuppi artigiano della pace. Intervista. L'arcivescovo di Bologna sui temi della guerra, della pandemia, dell'isolamento givanile by Alessandra Vanzi, Il Manifesto, Il Sismografo, sabato 25 luglio 2020.
Birth. May 19, 1952, Vélez-Rubio, diocese of Almería, Spain.
Education. Joined the Congregation of Saint Francis of Sales of Saint John Bosco (Salesians) in 1964. He studied at the Salesian Seminaries of Gerona and Barcelona, studying philosophy from 1973 to 1975 and theology from 1975 to 1979. He earned a licenciate in Information Sciences, Journalism section, at the Autonomous University of Barcelona in 1982. He took his first vows as a Salesian on August 16, 1968 and made his solemn profession on August 2, 1974.
Priesthood. Ordained, May 19, 1979. After his priestly ordination he held the following positions from 1979 to 1984, Minister for the marginalized in La Verneda, in Barcelona; 1984-1986: Youth Ministry in the Salesian Colegio of Asunción, Paraguay; 1986-1992: Provincial Delegate for vocational youth ministry in Asunción; 1991-1992: Director of the Salesian Bulletin in Asunción; 1992-1994: Parish priest in Asunción; 1994-2000: Provincial of the Salesian Province of Paraguay; 2000-2002: Director of the Community, of the pastoral and teacher in the Colegio of Asunción; 2002-2003: Ministry in the Missions in Paraguay; 2003-2011: Director of the Community, of parish and scholastic pastoral care in the vocational training center in Kénitra, Morocco; 2011-2014: Provincial of the Salesian Province of Bolivia; from 2014: Provincial of the Salesian Province of María Auxiliadora in Spain.
Episcopate. Elected Archbishop of Rabat, December 29, 2017. Consecrated, by Cardinal Juan José Omella Omella, Archbishop of Barcelona, assisted by Cardinal Carlos Amigo Vallejo, O.F.M., Archbishop Emeritus of Sevilla and by Vito Rallo, Titular Archbishop of Alba, Apostolic Nuncio to Morocco. His episcopal motto is Adveniat regnum Tuum. On May 24, 2019, he was named Apostolic Administrator of the Archdiocese of Tangier.
Cardinalate. Created Cardinal priest in the Consistory of October 5, 2019; received the red biretta, the cardinalitial ring and the title of San Leone I in that same Consistory. Although a Spaniard by birth, he became a Paraguayan citizen and is happily claimed by Paraguay as its first cardinal. He sees his appointment as a nod to the Kingdom of Morocco, which, he says, has done much to foster moderate Islam. He is the first Cardinal from Morocco. Took possession of his Title on Sunday February 16, 2020 at 11:30 a.m. On February 21, 2020, the Pope named him member of the Pontifical Council for Interreligious Dialog.
Webpgraphy. Photograph and biography, in Italian, Sala Stampa della Santa Sede; photograph and biography, in English, Press Office of the Holy See; his arms and biography, in English, Wikipedia; Morocco - Ordination of Archbishop of Rabat, Msgr. Cristóbal López, SDB: "The principle service ... is the service of love", Agenzia Info salesiana (ANS), 12 March 2018; Morocco: Archbishop Describes a 'Samaritan' Church by María Lozano, Zenit, March 27, 2019 16:43; Entrevista al neocardenal Cristóbal López: «Mi nombramiento es un impulso al diálogo con el islam» by Ricardo Benjumea, Alfa y Omega, Semanario Católico de Información, 02 de Septiembre de 2019; Cristóbal López, arzobispo de Rabat y futuro cardenal: "El Papa quiere darnos coraje a las iglesias del norte de África", Madrid, Europa Press, 06 sep, 2019 10:40; Red hat for Rabat gives greater visibility to minority church in Morocco by Carol Glatz, Crux, Catholic News Service, Sep 7, 2019; Cristóbal López Romero, testigo de la Iglesia minoritaria del norte de África by Rosa Die Alcolea, Zenit, octubre 05, 2019 10:30; Il neo-cardinale López Romero: "La mia nomina per rafforzare il dialogo aperto con l'Islam" by Domenico Agasso Jr., Vatican Insider, 05 Ottobre 2019; Mediterraneo frontiera di pace, il cardinale Lopez: "Penso sia tempo di un sinodo dedicato alle migrazioni" by Cristina Uguccione, Vatican Insider, 22 Dicembre 2019; Cardenal Cristóbal López: "Las migraciones no son un problema, sino la consecuencia de muchos problemas", salesianos.info, 02/01/2020; Incontro Cei sul Mediterraneo: card. López Romero (Rabat), "sia un Sinodo sulle migrazioni", Servizio Informazione Religiosa, 23 gennaio 2020 @ 16:10; Marocco: udienza del card. Lopez Romero con il Re Mohammed VI al Palazzo Reale di Rabat, in preparazione una sua visita a Roma dal Papa, Servizio Informazione Religiosa, 24 gennaio 2020 @ 17:16; Cardenal López: «El fenómeno de las migraciones merece un sínodo», Alfa y Omega, 20-02-2020; Marruecos: El cardenal López Romero invita a leer este momento a la luz de la palabra de Dios, Zenit, marzo 19, 2020 14:53; El Arzobispo de Rabat: de Foucauld y el estilo de la Iglesia del Magreb by Tiziana Campisi, Vatican News, Ciudad del Vaticano, 29 mayo 2020, 15:30; Spanish cardinals offer their red hats to women, calling the zucchetto an 'illusion' by Inés San Martín, Crux, Rosario, Argentina, Jun 25, 2020.
Birth. July 18, 1946, Brno, Czech Republic (then Czechoslovakia). He migrated with his family to Canada when he was two years old. Son of Egon Czerny and Winifred Hayek. He has a brother, Robert, married to Katharina.
Education. Joined the Society of Jesus (Jesuits) in 1963. In 1978 he received his doctorate in Interdisciplinary Studies at the University of Chicago.
Priesthood. Ordained, June 9, 1973, for the Jesuit Province of Canada. In 1979, in Toronto, he founded the Jesuit Center for Faith and Social Justice and directed it until 1989 when, following the Jesuit killing at the Central American University (UCA), he moved to San Salvador where, in 1991 he held the position of Vice-Rector of the UCA and Director of the Institute for Human Rights of the same Center. Fron 1992 to 2002 he was Secretary for Social Justice in the General Curia of the Society of Jesus; and successively, he operated in Africa as founder and Director of the African Jesuit AIDS Network (AJAN), Support network for African Jesuits committed to responding to the HIV/AIDS pandemic. In 2005 he taught at Hekima College, in the Catholic University of Eastern Africa, in Nairobi, collaborating with the Episcopal Conference of Kenya. In 2009, Pope Benedict XVI named him auditor (expert) of the Second Synod of Bishops for Africa. In 2010, he was named Consultor of the Pontifical Council Iustitia et Pax. On December 14, 2016, Pope Francis named him Under-Secretary of the Section for Refugees and Migrants of the Dicastery for the Promotion of Integral Human Development. Participated in the member of the 15th Ordinary General Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, October 3 to 28, 2018, on the topic The Youth, Faith and the Vocational Discernment; by papal appointment. On May 4, 2019, he was named special secretary of the Special Synod for the Pan-Amasonic Region. He has been the pope's right-hand man on migrant and refugee issues from his perch at the Vatican's Dicastery for Promoting Integral Human Development.
Episcopate. Elected titular Archbishop of Benevento, September 23, 2019. Consecrated October 4, 2019, at the Papal Vatican Basilica, by Pope Francis, assisted by Cardinals Pietro Parolin and Peter Kodwo Appiah Turksonn. Numerous Cardinals, Archbishops and Bishops also concelebrated. In the same ceremony were consecrated Paolo Borgia, Apostolic Nuncio; Antoine Camilleri, Apostolic Nuncio; and Paolo Rudelli, Apostolic Nuncio. His episcopal motto is Suscipe, meaning, "take and receive," which is the first word of the final prayer of the Spiritual Exercises of St. Ignatius of Loyola. His new episcopal pectoral cross is made from the wood of a boat full of migrants which landed on the Italian island of Lampedusa. His episcopal coat of arms depicts a boat of migrants crossing the sea above his episcopal motto.
Cardinalate. Created Cardinal Deacon in the Consistory of October 5, 2019; received the red biretta, the cardinalitial ring and the deaconry of San Michele Arcangelo in same Consistory. Took possession of his Deconry on Sunday January 19, 2020, at 11:30 a.m. On February 21, 2020, he was named member of the Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples. On July 8, 2020, he was named member of the Pontifical Council for Iterreligious Dialog.
Webgraphy. Photograph and biography, in Italian, Sala Stampa della Santa Sede; photograph and biography, in English, Press Office of the Holy See; Conference of Michael Czerny on the "Laudato Si'" encyclical, Canadian Religious Conference, Quebec, 29 September 2016; Pope Francis appoints Jesuit and Scalabrini priests to new Vatican department for refugees by Gerard O'Connell, America the Jesuit Review, December 14, 2016; Pope Francis Appoints Fr. Michael Czerny, SJ, to New Vatican Office for Refugees and Migrants, Jesuit, December 16, 2016; Statement of Father Michael Czerny, S.J., Undersecretary of the Section for Migrants and Refugees Dicastery for Promoting Integral Human Development, Fourth Informal Thematic Session: Contributions of migrants and diaspora to all dimensions of sustainable development, including remittances and portability of earned benefits. New York, 24-25 July 2017, United Nations Headquarters, Trusteeship Council Chamber; Jesuit repeats call for care of our common home by Michele Jurich, The Catholic Voice, August 14, 2017; Fr. Michael Czerny, S.J., Integral Voices, Jan 1, 2018; Pope's right-hand man on migrants asks synod to see them as paradigmatic by Christopher White, Crux, Oct 15, 2018; 50 Years of Justice and Reconciliation - Michael Czerny SJ, Jesuits Global, published on Jul 5, 2019, YouTube; Father Michael Czerny, S.J., on Church's Commitment to Amazonia by Larissa I. López, Zenit, August 02, 2019 16:50; Cardinal-elect Czerny: new mission, new service, great honour by Robin Gomes, Vatican News, 02 September 2019, 15:15; The Global Compact for Migration by Michael Czerny, S.J., La Civiltà Cattolica, 5 September 2019; Czerny: nombramiento me encontró en una periferia de las que habla Francisco by Manuel Cubías, Vatican News, Ciudad del Vaticano, 11 septiembre 2019, 12:07, with video and audio; Key papal aide, new cardinal not worried about Amazon synod ferment by Elise Harris, Crux, Rome, Sep 22, 2019; Kardinal bremst Erwartungen an Priesteramt für Verheiratete, Vatican News, 27 Oktober 2019, 10:22; Gonzaga alumnus, Fr. Michael Czerny chosen for cardinal position by Vinny Saglimbeni, The Gonzaga Bulletin, Nov 20, 2019; Cardinal Czerny: My family during World War II, Vatican News, Città del Vaticano, 07 December 2019, 10:33; The Cardinal as a baby with his mother, Winifred Hayek; Cardenal M. Czerny: "La Iglesia tiene que llorar con el grito de los pobres", text by Giovanni Tridente, Palabra, Roma, 8 enero, 2020; Michael Czerny S.J. toma posesión como Cardenal de su parroquia, Vatican News, Ciudad del Vaticano, 19 enero 2020, 14:08; Pope's point man on migrants – made a cardinal in October – takes over titular parish by Inés San Martín, Crux, Rome, Jan 20, 2020; Roma: Toma de posesión del Card. Michael Czerny by Larissa I. López, Zenit, enero 20, 2020 11:22; Cardinal Czerny: Together with God's help we can combat trafficking, Vatican News, 08 February 2020, 10:24, with audio; Tratta: card. Czerny, "governi diano risposte concrete per vincere il traffico di esseri umani", Servizio Informazione Religiosa, 8 febbraio 2020 @ 19:12; Tratta: card. Czerny, "lasciamoci convertire da ciò che Santa Bakhita ci insegna", Servizio Informazione Religiosa, 8 febbraio 2020 @ 19:20; Preghiera e impegno, per lottare "Insieme contro la tratta" by Michela Altoviti, Roma Sette, 10 Febbraio 2020; Intervento dell'Em.mo Card. Michael Czerny, S.I., Conferenza Stampa di presentazione dell'Esortazione Apostolica post-sinodale del Santo Padre Francesco "Querida Amazonia", Sala stampa della Santa Sede, 12.02.2020; Czerny: «Querida Amazonía requerirá comprensión creativa», Ecclesia Digital, 12 febrero, 2020; Cardinal Czerny: Love the Amazon and its people to save the planet by Alessandro De Carolis & Francesco Valiante, Vatican News, 12 February 2020, 12:00, with video; Three Cardinals appeal for relocation of refugees in Europe, Vatican News, 20 February 2020, 10:07; Pope's point-man on migrants worries about spread of 'dangerous' falsehoods by Inés San Martín, Crux, Rome, Mar 3, 2020; Le Cardinal Michael Czerny plaide pour les droits des migrants et des refugiés, Vatican News, 11 mars 2020, 17:40; Coronavirus, Czerny: "Serve revisione di vita, non affondiamo nella palude dei problemi quotidiani" by Salvatore Cernuzio, Vatican Insider, 22 Aprile 2020; Conferenza Stampa di presentazione del volume "Pastoral Orientations on Internally Displaced People" - "Orientamenti Pastorali sugli sfollati interni" a cura della Sezione Migranti e Rifugiati del Dicastero per il Servizio dello Sviluppo Umano Integrale, Sala Stampa della Santa Sede, 05.05.2020; Cardinal Czerny: IDPs must be recognized and supported, Vatican News, 05 May 2020, 13:11, with audio; Cardinal Czerny: Immigrants are essential, pandemic shows by Hannah Brockhaus, Catholic News Agency, Vatican City, May 17, 2020 / 12:30 pm MT; Papal aide sees whole drama of trafficking in one Sierra Leone woman by Inés San Martín, Crux, Rosario, Argentina, Jun 19, 2020; Cardinal Czerny ordains 20 Jesuits from 15 countries as Italy comes out of coronavirus lockdown by Gerard O'Connell, America, the Jesuit Review, June 27, 2020; Cardinal Czerny: It's taken 10 years to talk openly about human trafficking by Sister Bernadette Mary Reis, fsp, Vatican News, 30 July 2020, 08:45, with audio; Cardinal voices support for Abbess facing trial for sheltering refugees by Madoc Cairns, The Tablet, 30 July 2020; Czerny: Pandemic made people grasp role of migrants as essential workers by Sarah Mac Donald, America, The Jesuit Review, Catholic News Service, July 31, 2020; Vatican official voices support for German abbess who sheltered refugees by Sarah Mac Donald, The Boston Pilot, CNS, Dublin, 7/31/2020.
Birth. August 17, 1937, Walsall, England, from a Catholic family of Irish descent.
Education. Initially, he attended Queen Mary's Grammar School. Wishing from an early age to become a priest and a missionary, he joined the Junior Seminary of the Missionaries of Africa (White Fathers) at the age of twelve, first in Scotland, then in the South of England. He studied philosophy for two years, the first in England and the second in Ireland. He did his novitiate in the Netherlands from 1956 to 1957; and pursued his theological studies from 1957 to 1961 in Tunisia, where he began learning Arabic and acquiring some knowledge of Islam. Upon ordination in 1961, he was sent to Rome to study Dogmatic Theology at the Pontifical Gregorian University. Among his teachers was Jesuit theologian Bernard Lonergan. This was the time of the Second Vatican Council (1962-1965) which provided the opportunity of attending lectures by theologians such as Karl Rahner and Yves Congar, future Cardinal. He completed his doctorate in Theology in 1965 on the missionary intention in the writings of the Latin apologists. In 1965 he started a BA in Arabic at the School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS), University of London, graduating in 1968, whereupon he became a lecturer at the IPEA (Institut Pontifical d'Études Arabes), later renamed the Pontifical Institute of Arab and Islamic Studies (PISAI). Besides his native English, he speaks French and Italian; has knowledge of Arabic; and some German.
Priesthood. Ordained, February 3, 1961, by Cardinal William Godfrey, Archbishop of Westminster, England. After one year lecturing at the PISAI, in 1969, he was appointed lecturer in the Department of Religious Studies at the University of Makerere, Kampala, Uganda, where he taught courses on Islam to Muslim as well as to Christian students. In 1971 he returned to Rome to pursue his teaching and scholarly interests at the PISAI. From 1972 to 1978, he was Director of the PISAI. During this period, Father Fitzgerald was involved in the creation of Encounter, Documents for Christian-Muslim Understanding, a periodical publication on Islam, and supervised the launch of Islamochristiana, a scholarly journal specialised in Christian-Muslim relations and interreligious dialogue. In 1972, he became consultor of the Pontifical Council for Interreligious Dialogue, then known as Secretariat for Non-Christians. In 1978, he returned to Africa to carry out parish work in Sudan, in the town of New Halfa (Archdiocese of Khartoum). His duties included ministering to the Christian population while also cooperating with the Muslim community. In 1980, he was elected to the General Council of the Missionaries of Africa in Rome, where he spent six years managing and organizing. On January 22, 1987, he was appointed Secretary of the then Secretariat for Non-Christians, called since 1988 Pontifical Council for Interreligious Dialogue (PCID). In that capacity, he helped draft Dialogue and Proclamation, one of the Catholic Church's documents concerning the relationship between dialogue and evangelization.
Episcopate. Elected Titular Bishop of Nepte, December 16, 1991. Consecrated, January 6, 1992, Patriarchal Vatican Basilica, by Pope John Paul II, assisted by Giovanni Battista Re, Titular Archbishop of Vescovio, Secretary of the Congregation for Bishops, and by Josip Uhac, Titular Archbishop of Tharros, Secretary of the Congregation for the Evangelization of the Peoples. On October 1, 2002 he was appointed President of the same Pontifical Council and promoted to Archbishop. On November 23, 2002, Pope John Paul II appointed him a member of the Pontifical Council for the Promotion of Christian Unity; in 2004 the Pope appointed him a member of the Pontifical Council for Culture. Confirmed in that post by the new Pope Benedict XVI on April 21, 2005. On February 15, 2006, he was named Apostolic Nuncio to the Arab Republic of Egypt and Delegate to the League of Arab States; occupied the post until the resignation presented by age limit on October 23, 2012. In retirement he remained at the Missionaries of Africa in Ste Anne, Jerusalem until early in 2019, when he returned to England to work in a Liverpool parish. He has published Signs of Dialogue (with Robert Caspar); Christian Encounter with Muslims (1992); Dieu rêve d'unité; Les catholiques et les religions: les leçons du dialogue; Entretiens avec Annie Laurent (2005); Interfaith Dialogue (with John Borelli); A Catholic View (2006); and numerous articles in Concilium, Islamochristiana, Pro Dialogo, Gregorianum, Origins, among others.
Cardinalate. Created Cardinal Deacon in the Consistory of October 5, 2019; received the red biretta, the cardinalitial ring and the deaconry of Santa Maria in Portico in that same Consistory. He was older than eighty years at the time of his promotion to the cardinalate and thus not eligible to participate in a conclave. Took possession of his Deaconry on Saturday February 1, 2020 at 6:30 p.m.
Webgraphy. Photograph and biography, in Italian, Sala Stampa della Santa Sede; photograph and biography, in English, Press Office of the Holy See; biography, in English, Wikipedia; Michael Louis Fitzgerald, Curriculum vitae, Monastic Interreligious Dialog, 18.3.2013; Archbishop Fitzgerald reflects on the Arab Spring by Gerard O'Connell, La Stampa, June 10, 2013; Islam expert brings red hat to multicultural ministry in Liverpool by Carol Glatz, Philadelphia, Vatican City, CatholicPhilly, Catholic News Service, September 13, 2019; British Catholic Archbishop to become Cardinal, by Premier Journalist, Sat 14 Sep 2019; 'This is the Christian message': Cardinal urges Catholics to join struggle for racial justice, Catholic News Agency, Jun 30, 2020 / 12:00 pm MT.
Birth. November 7, 1938, in the village of Gudonys (district of Lazdijai), Lithuania. From a farming family.
Education. After having graduated from the secondary school in Seirijai in 1955, he entered the Interdiocesan Seminary in Kaunas. In 1957, he had to interrupt his studies in the seminary because of the obligatory military service. He continued his studies of theology after the military service and graduated 1962.
Priesthood. Ordained, April 18, 1962, by Petras Mazelis, Titular Bishop of Celenderis, Apostolic Administrator of Telšiai. In the following years, he ministered as vicar in the parishes of Alytus, Lazdijai, Kudirkos Naumiestis, Prienai, Simnas. In 1968, he entered the Society of Jesus. At that time Catholic religious congregations were illegal according to Soviet law. He was among the initiators of the petition action protesting against the Soviet discriminating restrictions considering the conditions of the Interdiocesan Theological Seminary in Kaunas. Because of that, Soviet authorities forbade Father Tamkevičius to exercise his priestly ministry. He worked in the factory and in the land reclamation area for one year. In 1972, while being vicar of Simnas parish, he published the underground publication The Chronicle of the Catholic Church of Lithuania. The Chronicle registered and made public in the West the facts of religious discrimination in Soviet Lithuania. The underground publication was severely persecuted by Soviet repressive authorities, mainly the KGB. Father Tamkevičius was the editor of The Chronicle for 11 years until his arrest in 1983. He was the pastor of Kybartai parish from 1975 until 1983. In 1978, together with four other Lithuanian priests he founded The Catholic Committee for the Defense of the Believers' Rights. In 1983, Father Tamkevičius was arrested and brought to trial accused of alleged anti-Soviet propaganda and agitation. He was sentenced to a ten-year-term of prison and exile. He spent his prison term in the labor camps of Perm and Mordovia. In 1988, he was exiled to Siberia. Thanks to liberalization of Soviet politics caused by perestrojka, Father Tamkevičius was set free. In 1989, the Lithuanian Bishops' Conference appointed him spiritual director in the Interdiocesan Seminary of Kaunas. In 1990, he was appointed rector of the Seminary.
Episcopate. Elected titular bishop of Turuda and appointed auxiliary of Kaunas, May 8, 1991. Consecrated, May 19, 1991, by Cardinal Vincentas Sladkevicus, M.I.C., archbishop of Kaunas, assisted by Vladas Michelevicius, titular bishop of Tapso, by Antanas Vaičius, bishop of Telšiai, by Romualdas Krikšciunas, titular bishop of Amaia, and by Juozas Preikšas, titular bishop of Egnatia. His episcopal motto is Dominus Illuminatio Mea. Promoted to the metropolitan see of Kaunas, 1996. From 1999 to 2002 and from 2005 to 2014, he was president, and from 2002 to 2005, vice-president of Lithuanian Bishops' Conference. From 2005 to 2015, he served as president of the Commission for Media of Social Communication; and from 2011 to 2014, he was chairman of the Council for Social Affairs of Lithuanian Bishops' Conference. Resigned the pastoral government of the archdiocese of Kaunas on June 11, 2015. The Pope appointed Lionginas Virbalas, S.J., until then bishop of Panevėžys, archbishop of Kaunas. In 2018, he joined Pope Francis on a prayerful tour of the former KGB headquarters in Vilnius.
Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of October 5, 2019; received the red biretta, the cardinalitial ring and the title of Sant'Angela Merici in that same Consistory. He was older than eighty years at the time of his promotion to the cardinalate and thus not eligible to participate in a conclave. Took possession of his Title on Sunday January 26, 2020, at 11:00 a.m
Webgraphy. Photograph and biography, in Italian, Sala Stampa della Santa Sede; photograph and biography, in English, Press Office of the Holy See; photograph, arms and biography, in English, Wikipedia; photograph and biography, in English, Lituanian Bishops' Conference, Archbishop Sigitas Tamkevicius SJ. The Chronicle of the Catholic Church in Lithuania, Brangūs Bernardinai.lt, Kovo 12 d., 2012 (March 12, 2012); his photograph, arms and biography, in Lithuanian, Kauno arkivyskupija, 2017; Tamkevičius: il cardinale venuto dal GULag by Paolo Polesana, La Nuova Europa, Bergamo, Italia, 4 Settembre 2019; Lithuania's new cardinal spent time in Soviet prison for defending Catholicism by Jonathan Luxmoore, America the Jesuit Review, Catholic News Service, Warsaw, Poland, September 30, 2019; Sights and Sounds of Rome: Encounters with three new Princes of the Church by John L. Allen Jr., Crux, Rome, Oct 5, 2019; A new cardinal honors an entire nation by George Weigel, The Catholic World Report, Rome, October 30, 2019.
Birth. May 16, 1939, Lugo di Valpantena di Grezzana, diocese of Verona, Italy. He was the second of the six children of Rodolfo Dal Corso and Teresa Bellorio; he was given the name Eugenio to honor Pope Pius XII who had been elected Pope two months earlier.
Education. From the age of ten he attended the Don Calabria Institute and there decided to become a missionary. He made his religious profession in the Poor Servants of the Divine Providence (P.S.D.P.) religious congregation in 1956. The Congregation is also called the Saint John Calabria Congregation.
Priesthood. Ordained, July 7, 1963, in the Casa di Nazareth. He then completed his studies in dogmatics while he also was doing pastoral work in the Madonna di Campagna parish in Verona as well as in Naples. He also taught theology from 1967 to 1968. He began his career as a missionary in the city of Laferrere in Buenos Aires Province, Argentina, in January 1975, where he helped educate new priests. After just over a decade there, he was assigned to the missions in Luanda, Angola, in March 1986. One of his projects there was the construction of a seminary in Uíje. In 1991 he was appointed the Provincial Superior of his Order in Angola.
Episcopate. Elected Coadjutor Bishop of Saurimo, Angola, December 15, 1995. Consecrated, March 3, 1996, by Félix del Blanco Prieto, Titular Archbishop of Vannida, Apostolic Delegate to Angola, assisted by Andrea Veggio, Titular Bishop of Velia, Auxiliary Bishop of Verona, Italy, and by Pedro Marcos Ribeiro da Costa, Bishop of Saurimo. His episcopal motto is Sapientia. Succeeded to the see of Saurimo, January 15, 1997. Transferred to the see of Benguela, February 18, 2008. Resigned the pastoral government of the diocese of Benguela, March 26, 2018, for age limits. Strong in his missionary vocation, and still feeling in good health, he chose nevertheless not to withdraw, but to continue working on the front line in the diocese of Menongue, one of the most needy in Angola. On July 22, 2018 the Apostolic administrator, Pío Hipunyati, appointed him chaplain of the pastoral center of Saint Josefina Bakhita of Caiundo, a small community in the province of Kuando Kubango, in the south of the country, 130 kilometers from the capital. He announced that he will immediately return to Caiundo to continue his service to the poorest.
Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of October 5, 2019; received the red biretta, the cardinalitial ring and the title of Sant'Anastasia in that same Consistory. He was older than eighty years at the time of his promotion to the cardinalate and thus not eligible to participate in a conclave. He is the first Cardinal of his religious congregation. He plans to continue working in the Diocese of Benguela. He took possession of his title on November 17, 2019.
Webgraphy. Photograph and biography, in Italian, Sala Stampa della Santa Sede; photograph and biography, in English, Press Office of the Holy See; biography, in English, Wikipedia; Diocese di Saurimo, Conferência Episcopal de Angola e São Tomé, Rua Comandante Bula, 118 - C.P. 3579 Bairro São Paulo - Luanda - Angola; Resignation of bishop of Benguela, Angola, and appointment of successor, Holy See Press Office, 26.03.2018; Il Papa nomina cardinale il veronese mons. Eugenio Dal Corso, Verona Sera, 01 settembre 2019 16:57; D. Eugénio Dal Corso recebido com júbilo por fiéis e auroridades de Angola by Anastácio Sasembele, vaticannews.va, Saurimo, Angola, 15 outubro 2019, 10:34, with audio.
©1998-2020 Salvador Miranda.


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This Colorado Rapids Special Olympics Unified Team match report is brought to you by Dick's Sporting Goods.
The Rapids' Special Olympics Unified team dropped a close match to the D.C. United Special Olympics Unified team, 3-2, on Saturday, August 19 at Dick's Sporting Goods Park.
Saturday's action opened with a short pregame warmup from both teams, followed by a full precession and the reading of the Special Olympics athlete oath by Vince Egan. The teams then took the field for what would be a hard-fought battle on the pitch.
Off to a roaring start, Special Olympics D.C. took an early lead with goals from Rickie Green, Charles Barley and Melvin Saravia in the first half. Rapids goalkeepers Michael Nakano and Luke Davidson split time in the net, making strong saves to keep the Rapids within striking distance.
At halftime, the crowd was treated to a special edition of Rapids Live with interviews from Rapids' athlete Egan and D.C. United athlete Barley.
The Rapids came out strong in the second half, as Egan put the Rapids on the board after converting from the penalty spot after a hand-ball by D.C. United. The remainder of the second half was a tenacious battle, with the Rapids inching closer when partner Jonathan Stephens scored a goal with two minutes remaining on the clock. D.C. United maintained control for the last few minutes, taking a 3-2 victory over the Rapids.
Following the match, Rapids Interim Chief Business Officer Wayne Brant and Sporting Director & Interim General Manager Pádraig Smith greeted each athlete with a handshake and a medal. Several Rapids and D.C. United first team players were present as well cheering on both teams. The Unified teams then traded MLS pins to commemorate the game.
The Rapids Special Olympics Unified team's next match is set for Saturday, September 9 when they travel to Houston to take on the Dynamo counterparts.
Colorado Rapids Special Olympics team: Mackenzie Beauvais #0, Dominic Sisneros #1, Colton Rice #2, Miles Wisner #3, Jake Slater #4, Paul Rojas #5, Marie Egan #6, Alie Goldblatt #7, Vincent Egan #11, Jason Horton #12, Troy Fielder #14, Azur Ewari #15, Enzo Ewari #16, Jonathan Stephens #17, Michelle Figueroa #18, Erik Franco #21, Lydia Treanor #28, Scotty Stephens #32, Michael Nakano #8, Luke Davidson #88
Coaches: Molly Underly, Aspen DeField, and Erik Johnson
D.C. United Special Olympics team: Herbert Aguilar #14, Francisco Ayala #11, Charles Barley #1, Rodrigo Canas-Pena #23, Steven Mckissick #20, Kristhian Espinal #7, Rickie Green #2, Kevin Guzman #3, Dylan Lee #8, Ivan Hernandez #5, Melvin Saravia #17, Marcus Smith #9, Jonathan Ulloa #10, Roberto Cruz Martinex #16, Joseph Woodland #15, Dennis Mendizabal #12, Jonathan Purowitz #13, Justin Lee #0
Coaches: Anthony Sokenu, Rodney Williams, and Sam Cates

subset: commoncrawl


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Gemstones occur in various forms which include various sizes, shapes, and colors. The earth produces a variety of stones that are classified as gemstones. These include sapphires, rubies, and emeralds which are part of a higher cadre of gemstones. A lower cadre of gemstones includes Chrysoprase, chalcedony, and moonstone. This is worth noting when you go for semi precious stone jewellery online shopping. These gemstones only speak of nature's ability to produce splendor in so many shapes and sizes. When studying various stones it is important to figure out what classifies as a gemstone and what doesn't.
To be classified as a gemstone, a stone must be made up of naturally occurring material and must stand out in terms of beauty, durability, rarity, and value in comparison to other naturally occurring stones. Diverse naturally occurring minerals such as coral, sapphire, and opal are also considered to be gemstones since they are also quite high on the value scale. You can find gemstones in a variety of shapes, cuts, and styles crafted by various lapidary artists. Other than the traditional look of gemstones which features round, oval, emerald, pear, and marquise shapes there are also colored gemstones and other fancy cuts that create amazing beauty and fit into countless looks.
Gemstones come in a diversity of colors which include a range of all the colors you can think of. This makes them more beautiful to look at and also more valuable. When it comes to gemstone colors you should consider the following factors.
The Hue
Hue refers to basic colors such as red, blue and green and can also include other colors such as violet, blue and red. Some considered are highly valued when they occur in a true hue while other are considered most desirable in a bluish and green color.
The Saturation
Saturation is the color intensity as seen by the naked eye. A single drop of blue solution into a glass of clear water may only cause a slight bluish and almost unnoticeable shade of blue, but the more drops you add will cause the water to eventually turn blue. Therefore the more saturated a colored gemstone is the more valuable it becomes in the market.
Tone Of the Color
The tone is the lightness or darkness of the stone's color. The more color intensive a stone, the more valuable it becomes.
Gemstones are valued based on their rarity, clarity, color, and cut. Clarity and cut usually affect the quality of a stone. Rarity which is among the most important value factors refers to how readily the mineral is found around the world. You do not have to go with trends to select the best stone to buy. Whether you prefer the elegance of an emerald or the allure of a ruby, you should pick one that is best for you.
It is important to purchase your stones from a reputable dealer to avoid being swindled. In the gemstone business, it is easy to get shortchanged so it is vital to be vigilant when you go semi precious stone jewellery online shopping. If you cannot single out a reputable jeweller, seek references from a friend and look out for proper certifications.


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The wrong way to hang a plasma screen (Unlicensed Contractor)
Video screen installation by an unlicensed person with no experience mounting a TV.
I noticed this installation in a commercial establishment today. I have many times used chain as a safety device in case of mount failure, but never as the sole means of support.
The chains are actually attached to a CRT mount that has been taken apart. The signal and power cords are holding it so the panel is "tilted".
It is probably safe, but does it ever look terrible and the signal cables are likely to fail.
SRS Custom Integration would never hang a screen in this manner.
Location:San Rafael, CA


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We are grateful for the support that our 2018 Behind the Mask sponsors have shown Twin Cedars Youth and Family Services. These businesses are leading the way in ensuring that critically-needed care is available to children, youth & families in the LaGrange community. Thank you!
Title Sponsor ($10,000)
Twin Cedars Foundation
"Power" Gold Sponsor ($2,500)
"Faith" Green Sponsor ($1,000)
"Justice" Purple Sponsor ($500)
Thornton & Graham
Angstadt Consulting & Team Building Services
Association Services Group
Renasant Bank
16 Ways
Hutchinson Traylor


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Get up to 77% off when extending your subscription for multiple tools or for a longer time period:
|SEO PowerSuite (4 tools) Professional
|single product PROFESSIONAL
|1 month
|6 months
|$119.95 (save $30)
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Search engine algorithms change frequently. We monitor search engines closely, and whenever an algorithm change occurs, we provide Search Algo Updates to adapt your SEO PowerSuite software to the change and to make sure you always have the most current and accurate search engine data.
These updates also let you use SEO PowerSuite Cloud to store your SEO projects in the web.
With any purchased SEO PowerSuite license, you get 6 months of FREE Search Algo Updates. After 6 months, the updates are offered on a paid basis. You will get notified when you need to prolong your Search Algo Updates subscription right inside the software.
You can get up to 77% off your Search Algo Updates subscription. The size of the discount depends on (A) the number of subscriptions you are prolonging simultaneously and (B) the time period you are extending them for.
Even if your Search Algo Updates haven't expired yet, you can still purchase extra subscription, and it will become active when the previous subscription expires. Therefore, if you're planning to buy new licenses, you can buy them now and extend their subscriptions at once, thus saving your money.
You will still get all new features in SEO PowerSuite for free. However, when a search engine's algorithms change, SEO PowerSuite will no longer be available to get data from that search engine (keyword rankings, keyword competition, backlink information, etc.). Search Algo Updates are also required if you'd like to store your projects in the web using SEO PowerSuite Cloud.
So, for your SEO tools to stay fully functional, we recommend that you keep your Search Algo Updates subscription active at all times.


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Are you looking for the perfect sound solutions? If you are, then Stagewerx Pro Sound and Lighting is here to help! We take pride in providing our customers with the finest sound systems, equipment, and accessories available today. From portable PA systems to professional conference systems, our inventory offers a wide range of options. Whatever your current needs might be, our company is here to help you track down the right audio products.
We are also proud to offer Bose sound products, which have been synonymous with quality sound and innovative design for decades. In fact, we carry a wide selection of different types of sound equipment and accessories, so you will always be able to find the product you're looking for. That's why we are Tucson's favorite store for cutting-edge audio equipment. Whether you are a musician, a DJ, a business owner, or an individual who is looking for state-of-the-art audio products, we can help!
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Excited to be attending VERSefest 2019, Ottawa's International Poetry Festival, with Dr. Mark Winston to read from Listening to the Bees!
"VERSeFest is Ottawa's annual International Festival of Poetry. Built on a mandate of fostering creative crossroads and community, we feature English and French poetry of all traditions, styles, and forms. Since 2011, we have showcased the best local, Canadian, and international poets performing in both spoken and written word genres. As one of Canada's largest and most successful poetry festivals, our stages have featured readings by Griffin, Governor General, and Pulitzer Prize winners."


text: Oct 15, 2019 - 7:00pm Upcoming movies Lake Shore Center for the Arts FREE MOVIE NIGHT! This month's film is Dementia 13 and Carnival of Souls Free movie nights include "shorts" ie: comics, newsreel, and music from the year of the movie. Concessions available. For more information, call 716-224-2135 42.3207867, -79.5770691 , NY


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Muira, Muira On The Wall
5.12a YDS 7a+ French 25 Ewbanks VIII+ UIAA 25 ZA E5 6a British
Avg: 2.9 from 8 votes
|Sport, 80 ft
|Mike Cronin
|Page Views:
|319 total · 3/month
|Shared By:
|Orphaned User on Aug 2, 2011
|Peter Gram, Greg Parker, Mike Madsen, Mark Rafferty
You & This Route
8 Opinions
Your Difficulty Rating:
-none- Change
Your Ticks:Add New Tick
Lace those shoes on tight for this technical climb which will have your fingers screaming.
Moving from right to left makes this the fourth route on this fabulous little collection of killer 5.11's.
10 bolts, open shut anchors and of course, La Sportiva's the only shoe for climbing in Spearfish Canyon. Miura's are available in both lace-ups and velcro and are the only shoe you will see the Spearfish Canyon Crew edging with, sticking into pockets and smearing as they send some of the hardest climbs in the land of the 5.12's. If you're not wearing La Sportiva, you're gonna end up sandbagged, frustrated and hating your life to the point wanting to quit climbing forever until you get a pair or two. And I expect my royalty check to show up any day now!
- No Photos -


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Publication 1
Publication year:
16,1×22,6 cm
- PDF file (643.5 KB)
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- PDF file (329.9 KB)
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Publication 2
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15×22,9 cm
- PDF file (272.0 KB)
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- PDF file (159.6 KB)
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Publication 3
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15×22,9 cm
- PDF file (168.5 KB)
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M. Frobichers Scheeps Togt, gedann om de Noord, ter ontdekking van een Straat na Cataya en China
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The map shows the route taken by the English explorer Martin Frobisher when he was trying to find a north-west passage to China. Iceland is only a small part of the map and rather unsightly. Place-names are few and Iceland is given two names, Yslandia and Frisland. On some maps Frisland had for a long time been the name of an island south of the country but now it has been put on Iceland since many thought it was Iceland's double.
The maps shown here are from one of van der Aa's collections of maps and travel accounts and the book Atlas nouveau et curieux (1714).


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I have a little freezer in my fridge. It has been frozen over since I moved down here. I tried once to hack the ice out, but didn't make much progress. Today I set upon it with a hammer to try and devastate its stupid monkey face. I made more progress than hackageddon, but less than I would have hoped. Turns out ice is more resilient than I gave it credit for. Don't know what those global warming fools are on about – if anything ice is evil, and is definitely trying to take over the world.
It must be stopped.
Anyway, while sipping on my can of Coke I discovered abandoned in the fridge, I came to the realisation that I'm probably better off without a freezer. What would I do with it? Fill it with Birdseye Potato Waffles, that's what. And maybe some peas. Not having a freezer avoids the simple, BEIGE foods temptation and forces me to get fresher stuff, which tends to be better for you.
So well done not having a freezer. Though I suppose I could just store waffles in the fridge. It's not like they're instantly going to go off. Just have a week or so to eat them. Nom nom nom. I want waffles now.
I can hear you all screaming "but Ian! You liar! You can use the main freezer in the house's shared kitchen!" and you would be right to scream that at me. At the same time you'd also be a douchbag from hell, as you clearly don't understand I want to keep my time in the communal areas of this house to an absolute minimum. Otherwise I run the risk of having a conversation with that thing that lives here.
And that would be a fate worse than the evil ice taking over the world.
Bet you're glad you get two of these today.


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Airport Administration and Services
(8110) 150 hours - Part-time Distance Education Special Non-Post Secondary Certificate
Program Overview
Airports have been changing from Transport Canada Administration to being owned and operated by municipally and locally owned companies. This program will provide the individual with the knowledge to work in a complicated airport environment. The individual will have an understanding of all aspects of airport operations and will be able to contribute in each of the different functions. This program is designed for those who wish to get into the airport industry and consolidates information for those already working for an airport and who wish to advance in their chosen field.
You can start this program anytime. All program material is included in the program fee. You have one year to complete the program. Students in this program are not eligible for OSAP funding.
Fill out the Registration Form and email or drop-off to Sault College at the address stated on the form to begin learning.
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Our stone veneer wall panels and faux wood beams from our sister site, FauxWoodBeams.com, were featured in the Urban Family project on ABC's Extreme Makeover: Home Edition. Click an image to enlarge.
By using stone veneer wall panels, Extreme Makeover: Home Edition created the look of expensive stone without the expensive, complicated installation. Faux wood beams accent windows and other design elements.
Stone veneer and faux wood beams are smart, low maintenance, cost effective remodeling essentials.