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Architecture of the Cucuteni–Trypillia culture
|Cucuteni–Trypillia culture
(c. 4800 to 3000 BC)
Characteristic example of Cucuteni–Trypillia pottery
|Related articles
The chalcolithic Cucuteni-Trypillia culture, in Eastern Europe, left behind thousands of settlement ruins, circa 6000 to 3500 BC, containing a wealth of archaeological artifacts attesting to their cultural and technological characteristics.[1]
Construction techniques[edit]
The houses of the Cucuteni-Trypillia settlements were constructed in several general ways:
- Wattle-and-daub homes.
- Log houses called ploshchadki (Russian: площадки).
- Semi-underground homes called bordei.
Some Cucuteni-Trypillia homes were two storeys tall, and evidence shows that the members of this culture sometimes decorated the outsides of their homes with many of the same complex red-ochre swirling designs that are to be found on their pottery. Most houses had thatched roofs and wooden floors covered with clay. Archaeologists have identified two types of house framing found at Cucuteni-Trypillia sites. One type, somewhat resembling the post and beam style, used evenly distributed fork-shaped log pillars that were partially sunk vertically into the ground so that the fork was located at the top and supported the roof beams above. The other type of framing used vertical beams measuring 15–20 cmin diameter (5.9–7.9 in), or greater, which rested on horizontal ground-sill foundational timbers that were in turn fixed in place on top of the soil.
Most of the walls were built in the wattle-and-daub style. The construction of these houses first started by erecting the framework of larger timbers in place (photo 1), which would take the weight of the structure, and then the space between these timbers would be filled in with a "wattle" made of pliable smaller branches and vines woven together to form a thin twiggy latticed net which was then affixed to the sturdy timbers (photo 2). Onto this wattle framework the "daub" would be applied made of mostly dampened clay soil although sometimes mixed with small bits of straw and/or animal dung to help keep its structural integrity (photo 3). The daub had to be applied with some force against the wattle in order for it to partially push through the twiggy framework, to which it would stick. Sometimes there would only be a single layer of wattle, and at other times two wattle layers would be used; one for the interior and another for the exterior of the wall. Daub was applied on both sides of the wall, inside and out (photo 4), creating a finished wall that was usually about 5 cm (2 in) thick. Once applied it was smoothed before drying to create an air- and water-tight barrier against the elements (photo 5). After the daub was fully dried, it was usually painted with lime to prevent infestations of pests.(note: the photographic examples used in this paragraph were taken from the web page "Recreating a Cucuteni dwelling-house", hosted by The Archaeological Park Cucuteni, see "External Links" at bottom of this article)[2]
Sometimes the walls were made of horizontally laid timbers (similar to log houses) that were then covered with clay daub. Some examples have been found where the horizontal timbers were in turn covered with a wattle-and-daub layer. At other times the horizontal timbers would be covered with a layer of primitively finished lumber. There was no standard practice in building walls there during Neolithic times; sometimes, even in the same house, walls would be constructed with horizontal timbers while others would be covered with finished lumber or wattle-and-daub. This type of horizontal log construction found in Cucuteni-Trypillia houses is called ploshchadki in Russian (Russian: площадки).[3][4]
Cucuteni-Trypillia houses were roofed with live turf or thatched reeds.[5] The shape of the house was usually rectangular but some were laid out in an "L" shape. Some of the houses were divided into separate rooms while others contained a semi-open functional space, or atrium.[6] Many of the Cucuteni-Trypillia houses were two stories high.[7]
Bordei dwellings[edit]
Some of the houses found by archeologists were dugout earth houses, of the style called bordei in both Romanian (Romanian: bordei) and Ukrainian (Ukrainian: бордей). Unlike surface dwellings characterized by walls with right angles and rectangular shapes the bordei houses were characterized by elliptical shapes. These houses would typically have a wooden floor that was about 1.5 meters (4.9 feet) below ground, which would place the roof at just above ground level.[6] Images of bordei homes may be seen at the Romanian Art Zone page[8]
House interior[edit]
Most of the Cucuteni-Trypillia houses were arranged by locating the front door opposite from where the fireplace sat. Large ceramic pottery containers used to store water and grain were placed next to the fireplace. Other ceramic containers, including the more valuable painted pottery, would also be located near the fireplace. Some of the fine painted pottery for which this culture is known would be used for clothing storage but most of it seems to have been used in rituals.[9]
The number of fireplaces found within each house varied from just one (which was the most common) to several, or even none. Each of the fireplaces found in houses that had more than one would have its own specific use such as one for cooking, one for firing ceramics, etc. Most Cucuteni-Trypillia fireplaces were a type of open fire pit and were usually constructed on the floor by laying down a bed of clay mixed with broken pottery shards and then covering this with a smooth clay-plastered surface.
It is assumed that furniture was extensively used however, due to the climate of this region, wood does not preserve well here. However some of the many miniature clay figurines found at Cucuteni-Trypillia sites were placed sitting or reclining on different pieces of furniture, some of which resemble sofas, chairs, or even ovens. There is also some evidence of furniture being incorporated into the structure of the walls of houses by using woven branches covered with clay.[10]
- ^ Mallory, James P (1989). In search of the Indo-Europeans: language, archaeology and myth. London: Thames and Hudson. ISBN 0-500-05052-X. OCLC 246601873.
- ^ "Recreating a Cucuteni dwelling-house" (in English and Romanian). The Archaeological Park Cucuteni. Archived from the original on June 28, 2009. Retrieved 28 November 2009.
- ^ Timothy Darvill (2003). "Definition: ploshchadki". The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Archaeology. OCLC 425961211. Archived from the original on 2011-06-04. Retrieved 2009-11-30.
- ^ Barbara Ann Kipfer. "Definition: ploshchadki". Archaeology Wordsmith. Retrieved 2014-04-25.
- ^ Cucoș, Ștefan (1999). "Faza Cucuteni B în zona subcarpatică a Moldovei" [Cucuteni B period in the lower Carpathian region of Moldova]. Bibliotheca Memoriae antiquitatis (BMA) (Memorial Library antiquities) (in Romanian). Piatra Neamț, Romania: Muzeul de Istorie Piatra Neamț (Historical Museum Piatra Neamț). 6. OCLC 223302267.
- ^ a b Sorochin, Victor (2004). "Așezările cucuteniene tip Soloceni" [Soloceni type Cucuteni villages]. Memoria Antiqvitatis. Piatra Neamț, Romania: Muzeul de Istorie Piatra Neamț (Historical Museum Piatra Neamț). 23: 167–202. OCLC 241363071.
- ^ "Model of a Cucuteni-Trypillian two-storied house". The Trypillian Museum. Archived from the original on July 26, 2006. Retrieved 2009-11-29.
- ^ Grigorescu, Nicolae (1838–1907). "Bordei in padure" [Bordei in the forest]. Art Zone. Archived from the original on 1 February 2009. Retrieved 6 December 2009An online reproduction of an oil painting done by Romanian artist Nicolae Grigorescu (1838—1907)
- ^ Monah, Dan (2005), "Religie si arta in cultura Cucuteni (Religion and art in Cucuteni culture)", in Dumitroaia, Gheorghe (ed.), Muzeul Cucuteni prima pentru Romania [The first Cucuteni museum for Romania], Bibliotheca memoriae antiquitatis XV (in Romanian), Piatra-Neamț, Romania: Editura Foton, pp. 162–173, OCLC 319165024
- ^ Кричевский (Krichevski), Евгений Юрьевич (Evgeniye Yurivich). "Triploskiye ploshchadki : po raskopkam poslednič let)" Трипольские площадки ; по раскопкам последних лет [Trypillian ploshchadki : on the excavations of recent years]. Советская археология (Sovyetskaya arkheologiya Soviet Archaeology) (in Russian). Moscow: институтом археологии АН СССР (Archeological Institute A.N. USSR). 6: 20–45. ISSN 0869-6063. OCLC 26671888this journal later changed its title to Российская археология (Russian archaeology)
External links[edit]
|Wikimedia Commons has media related to Tripolye culture.
|Wikimedia Commons has media related to Cucuteni culture.
- Archaeological Park Cucuteni The website for the multi-institutional and international project entitled "Archaeological Park Cucuteni", which seeks to reconstruct the museum at Cucuteni, Romania, and to more effectively preserve this valuable heritage site (in English and Romanian).
- Cucuteni Culture The French Government's Ministry of Culture's page on Cucuteni Culture (in English).
- Cucuteni Culture The Romanian Dacian Museum page on Cucuteni Culture (in English).
- The Trypillia-USA-Project The Trypillian Civilization Society homepage (in English).
- Трипільська культура в Україні з колекції «Платар» Ukrainian language page about the Ukrainian Platar Collection of Trypillia Culture.
- Trypillian Culture from Ukraine A page from the UK-based group "Arattagar" about Trypillia Culture, which has many great photographs of the group's trip to the Trypillia Museum in Trypillia, Ukraine (in English).
- The Institute of Archaeomythology The homepage for The Institute of Archaeomythology, an international organisation of scholars dedicated to fostering an interdisciplinary approach to cultural research with particular emphasis on the beliefs, rituals, social structure and symbolism of ancient societies. Much of their focus covers topics that relate to the Cucuteni-Trypillia Culture (in English).
- The Vădastra Village Project A living history museum in Romania, supported by many international institutions.


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The Communist instigated bus strike that is causing chaos in Wellington seems to be endorsed by the Labour Party. The official Labour Party Blog - The Standard has this blast from the past.
We thought that official Labour policy was to focus on raising productivity, not blackmail, to raise wages
Wellington bus drivers are striking this morning and good on them. I was happy to find my own way to work today. The company, GO Wellington, is claiming the drivers claim of 12% is too much in "these economic times"
But talk of percentages is nothing but a red herring when the basic truth is these drivers are paid less than $13 an hour for a skilled and stressful job. After tax that means about 20 hours of work a week just to rent an average room in Wellington and two hours just to buy a kilo block of cheese. An adult movie ticket? Another two hours. A tank of petrol for an average car? Another ten hours.
As we've said again and again we have a problem with low wages in New Zealand and tax cuts are not going to help that. What is going to help that is raising wages and it's good to see Wellington bus drivers doing what they can to make that happen because under the current market-driven labour-laws nobody else will.
How many drivers are actually on $13 an hour?
What do Annette King and Grant Robertson think about this?
Sep 25, 2008
Labour Supports Strike
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Tuesday, November 19, 2013
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Latest Mississippi River Delta News: Jan. 13, 2015
01.13.2015 | In Latest News, Uncategorized
Coastal rundown: Year in Review
By Laine Kaplan-Levenson, WWNO. Jan. 12, 2015
"One theme we set out to cover in the beginning is the way science and coastal restoration can be a boost to the gulf coast's economy." (Read More)
As his parish shrinks, new Plaquemines president maps strategy to reclaim land
By John Snell, Fox8-New Orleans. Jan. 10, 2015
"Unless current trends are reversed, the U.S. Geological Survey predicts the lower two-thirds of Plaquemines Parish by the year 2050 will be little more than a sliver of land surrounded by levees." (Read More)


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After a fishing gear and PFD next most important thing that you need on your kayak fishing trips is a good knife and basic tools, or even better a multi-tool that will cover most of the situations and be always at your hand if needed.
Except having more lures than probably needed another thing I like collecting are knifes, so there is always more than one knife on my kayak. Despite that, thing I never go fishing without and is always at reach in my fishing vest or PDF is a multi-tool.
I got my Leatherman ChargeXTi more than 10 years ago and got so addicted having it close by that on those rare occasions when I somehow forget to take it on my fishing trip I have a feeling like walking naked. It became the most important thing not only in kayak but also in the house or any outdoor activities.
Leatherman has been known for quality but after having one and been using it for years I can sure witness that. With minimum maintenance it is still as good as new.
When you take it Charge XTi leaves an impression of sturdy, precise top quality multi-tool. Combination of titanium in handles to reduce the weight and increase durability , premium stainless steel and diamond coated file just confirms material quality used. Everything is assembled nice and tight as it should be folds perfectly every time.
At the time of getting it was their flagship product, not cheap but well worth every cent.
It comes loaded with features and tools, 16 in total.
- 154CM Knife
- Ruler (8 in | 19 cm)
- Bottle Opener
- Can Opener
- Diamond-coated File
- Needle nose Pliers
- Regular Pliers
- Saw
- 420HC Serrated Knife
- Small Bit Driver
- Large Bit Driver
- Large Bit Driver (II)
- Wire Stripper
- Wood/Metal File
- Crimper
- Wire Cutters
All the tools are top quality and very functional and they all have very reliable, user friendly safety locks which are really important for heavy usage.
Blades are made of 154CM stainless steel that keeps the edge and stays sharp 3x longer than usual steel blades. Another thing I like is a big and long blade when comparing to other brand multi-tools.
What I am really amazed with is a saw. This 7 cm (bit less than 3") saw is brutal. Sturdy made and sharp like sharks teeth cuts the wood and branches almost as thick as the saw length itself and cuts them with ease, like cutting through butter.
Files, especially fine diamond coated file can be used for hook sharpening.
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Only thing that is missing to make it perfect fishing tool are scissors for cutting and trimming excess fishing line, otherwise I can't find any negative side of this tool. Charge Xti is not produced anymore and it is replaced by Charge Tti model that has scissors and some other upgrades.
Despite being pricy, its functionality, built quality, reliability and capability to handle serious workload and tasks I find it worth every cent.


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I brought a graphics card Nvidia fx 5200 256mb I inserted it in to my computer but my monitor wont start up
Does the card require a power connection using what is normally the power for a floppy drive.
You may have to use the built in graphics and install drivers for the device first.
Thank you for your feedback. The Graphics card does not need a external power supply. I have installed the Drivers first, but the monitor still does not switch on.
You may need to go into BIOS using the onboard graphics to change the display setting. Depending on the bios version there will be a setting where you select AGP as priority instead of onboard. Save changes and shut down. Move VGA cable to the card then boot up.
Goin' Fishin' (Some day)
set initial display to agp, pci.
"I have installed the Drivers first, but the monitor still does not switch on"
You should NEVER install the drivers first! But you should have uninstalled the old drivers before installing the new card. Once the new card is recognized, you would have been prompted to install the drivers. Actually, I'm surprised you were able to install the drivers in advance, normally you would get an error message that says something like "no nvidia card was found".
The FX5200 is a low end card that does not require an aux power connection. As the others have mentioned, if you're upgrading from onboard video, you need to enter the BIOS & disable the onboard, then change the "initial Display" to either AGP or PCI, depending on which type of card you have. But regardless of the BIOS setting, you *should* be seeing the POST screen or splash screen when you bootup. Are you at least seeing that? Are you hearing any beeps?
Thank you for your feedback. I will tell you what the problem is, I have already had a G force graphics card installed in my system which is the fx 5200 126 mb but it was not powerful enough to play certain games that I have installed, so I brought the fx 5200 256mb card. I know that my computer should have recognised it when I installed it, but what happens is that the computer starts up but the monitor does not. could it be that the graphics card is faulty?
Yes it is possible the new card was DOA out of the box. I've had one happen that way.
Goin' Fishin' (Some day)
Thank you all for your feedback. I have contacted the seller and asked for my money back.


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Publications in Wilmington, Delaware
Find sports, politics, news of the weird, national and international news items at MyWay.com. Plus, MyWay.com provides entertainment, health, government, local news, and much more.
News Journal, The 302-324-2500
950 West Basin Road, Wilmington, DE 19850
The News Journal is a daily newspaper with features including local and national news, entertainment, and classifieds. more info map
Public Records & Genealogy
Public Records
See Public Records. Instantly find genealogy records, birth records, marriage records, divorce records, and death records here for Wilmington, DE.
|Print - Publications


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About Us
Dr. Ezra Kopelowitz and his research team provide Jewish organizations world-wide support for conducting evaluation or research on their educational programs.
ReST specializes in all areas of Jewish education and communal life and in collaboration with the Center for Jewish Peoplehood Education (CJPE), ReST is developing evaluation models that will enable Jewish organizations to nurture Jewish Peoplehood.
Founded in 2004, ReST performs impact studies, program evaluations and offers strategic planning and consulting services in areas touching on Jewish Peoplehood, Jewish community, education and culture, Israeli-Diaspora relations, and Israeli culture and politics.
ReST also provides support for organizations who need assistance with creating and administering on-line surveys, preparing reports and presentations, and conducting data analysis at an affordable price.
Connect with Us
TEL (Israel): +972-50-7276763
EMAIL: email@example.com
Mailing Address:
Research Success Technologies
Kibbutz Hannaton
D.N. Ha-Movil 17960


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Here are some basic ways to manage notes in projects:
- Adding a note to a project
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Adding a Note to a Project
Right-click or long-press anywhere in the programming area and select Add Note.
Then, type any text, numbers, or symbols into the note.
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Moving Notes Around
You can move a note on a block by selecting the top margin and dragging it around.
You can move a note in a project anywhere by dragging it around.
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You can delete any note by selecting the "X" located at the top right of the note.
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Duplicating Notes
You can duplicate a project note by right-clicking or long-pressing on it and selecting Duplicate.


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Welcome to Nissan of Keene
Browse Specials View All
We're sorry, we do not currently have any specials published. Please check back soon or contact us for more information.
Get in Touch
- Contact Our Sales Department: 603-357-7945
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Nissan of Keene
544 Monadnock Hwy
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- Sales: 603-357-7945
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Want to Talk Auto Finance?
We Keep You Going
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It would take you a few minutes of scanning my years of writing about education to conclude I'm pretty tough on teachers. Because of that, you might be surprised about what I write next.
Watching teachers in Oklahoma and other states protest for their right to reasonable pay, and adequate school funding isn't driving me to be reactionary, or to denounce their walking out on children. In these cases, the evidence is clear: the pay and supports they receive is an insult.
This thing that I'm feeling is called empathy. Given what I write you might believe I have never encountered it, at least for teachers, but that's not true.
Here's what I know: every morning America's 3 million teachers wake up before you and me, and they get themselves to our schools in time to be mentally, physically, and professionally ready for our children.
They are the people who prepare each generation to run the world.
Teachers can't be doing it for the money because — as Oklahoma proves — pay in public schools is the surest sign our government dislikes children.
Teachers evidently don't teach for the prestige because teaching has none. Telling people you're a teacher more often draws pity or fake reverence than sincere appreciation.
And, they aren't in education for the high levels of respect because — although every poll ever taken shows the public adores its teachers — educators certainly don't feel the love when people like me belabor the many ways public schools must improve.
I can see how they feel targeted, misunderstood, and scapegoated for not reversing what they say are more massive societal problems better addressed by social services, health care, and economic reforms.
They have other news for us, too. Our kids aren't the angels we think them to be.
Classrooms and schools are a hot breath away from devolving into Lord of The Flies at all times. There are hazards galore. Sick kids. Bullies. Inattentive and disrespectful students who know their parents won't reprimand them if school staff call home with reports of bad behavior.
As dedicated educators, many of you work very hard. The task of teaching our children who come from incredibly diverse backgrounds requires you to be an expert strategist, an adept caregiver, and a pedagogical wizard.
Who can do all that while serving the gods of data and bureaucratization in a hyper-hierarchical system that leaves you more punch drunk than energized?
Real talk, I couldn't.
I empathize. So, you may ask, why does this empathy rarely finds its way into much of what I write about teachers in blogs and social media?
Imagine for a moment that we ask activists for criminal justice reform "why don't you write more about the positive things law enforcement does?"
In light of a "stop killing us" era that would sound like Pollyanna dipped in cold milk.
Apply that to teaching. Though I have empathy for many teachers — especially those teaching my kids today — that doesn't preclude activism against the ways that teachers contribute to the oppression cycles we see in other systems (welfare, prison, unemployment, etc.).
Maybe your heart is in the right place, but your unions fight relentlessly for more money and less accountability but are mostly silent about widespread implicit bias in teaching and racialized low standards held by teachers for low-income students in far too many classrooms.
And then there is that terrible narrative teachers broadcast about our kids. People, the awfulizing must stop.
Maybe it sounds like compassion in your ears to go on and on about how traumatized, starving, poor, and broken down black kids are, but it's racist and gross. I wonder if you ever consider the possibility that our children are brilliant and human and capable of a full range of attributes that defy the labeling you do of them in public?
Sure, not all of you do it, but consider the 50,000 plus member Badass Teachers Association's mission statement that sums it up well:
"This is for every educator who refuses to be blamed for the failure of our society to erase poverty and inequality, and refuses to accept assessments, tests and evaluations imposed by those who have contempt for real teaching and learning."
That Badass message is all wrong. If you can't see why ask a friend to help. If they can't see the problem either, reconsider your friendships.
Parents of marginalized children are right to distrust government institutions, such as schools, and to demand measurement of the deep inequities in student outcomes. You can't intervene in problems you have no proof exist.
When we ask teachers to focus intently on improving instruction; and ask principals to evaluate teachers, and ask districts to use data to improve students outcomes, that is very different than blaming teachers for the failures of society. It's asking them to be responsible for their part of the problem, the part we pay them to solve.
f you want an honest exchange of ideas, you can't label all inquiries into classroom practices an "attack" that is meant to "destroy public education."
Instead of deflecting, you should fess up to a few critical problems in the "profession."
Please admit the bar for entering teaching is too low and that when teacher candidates fail basic skill tests, the response from the "profession" is to lower the bar again or scrap the tests?
Consider the research that says the majority (58%) of college students with high GPAs said they would be more likely to consider education as a major if standards were higher.
Focus on the empirical evidence suggesting teacher bias criminalizes black girls and lowers expectations for black boys.
Yes, people like me need to admit that teachers labor beneath dummy-proofed policies that may unduly assume they are poor educators.
We need to admit that although everyone agrees on the importance of great principals, almost no one has figured out how to produce those great principals at scale.
And, we must be honest about the fact that too many superintendents report to elected or appointed school boards made up of well-meaning people who couldn't competently govern a book club if Kindles were free.
As people who push for better schools and better teaching we can admit all of that, but, we need a profession of teachers to meet us where we are.
We need teachers who refuse to blame our children for the problems of the inequitable education systems that put the worst teachers before kids who need the best.
We need teachers who are capable of calling out bad teaching in the way we expect good police officers to call out their own when injustices are done even if that bad teacher is the one that looks back at you in the mirror every morning.
We need teachers who want to be accountable — not for miracles — but for seeing the potential in our children and moving them quickly toward it.
And, we need teachers to stop pretending our only motive for pushing so hard to reform public schools is not because we love our children and our people and we're determined to change the game for our communities, but because we've joined some weird global neoliberal plot to trade our schools on Wall Street.
After all, empathy is a two-way street paved with reciprocity and respect.


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Tag Archives: Mohair
Mohair Locks For Sale
I have a total of 8 ounces washed, first clip mohair from Angel, brother of Willow. I have carefully sheared, washed and picked through his beautiful mohair, which is from about 3 to 5 inches in length. It is $5.00 … Continue reading
Fiber Stuff
I have started going through my fiber stash, which is massive, in search of inspiration for projects or for sales. I realize that I have a pounds and pounds and pounds of nice, washed mohair. I need to package it … Continue reading
The Open Air Fair in lovely Atchison, Kansas
Russell Showalter and I shared a booth at the Open Air Fair in Atchison, Kansas today. It was a great venue, the new Farmers' Market in Atchison (which does not open until next weekend). I have not done a lot … Continue reading
Shearing more goats today
Hopefully, I'll get Morgan and Serafina sheared. I'm aiming to get all the girls done as fast as possible in case I've missed other pregnancies! I'm sure Morgan is pregnant, this is her time of year for kidding, and she … Continue reading
Cleaning dirty, dirty mohair!
It is just too cold to shear a goat today – it's barely 45 degrees. I have decided to start catching up on washing mohair instead. Normally, when I am not bags and bags and bags of mohair behind, with … Continue reading


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In what is being described as the 'holy grail of Alzheimer's research', scientists have developed a blood test that can detect the build-up of toxic proteins linked to dementia.
Researchers from the National Centre for Geriatrics and Gerontology in Japan developed the test, which detects amyloid-beta levels in the blood, indicative of levels in the brain.
The team hopes the test could one day be used to treat patients with dementia before symptoms occur.
In the study, the researchers tested the method on 373 people, including healthy people, those with memory loss and people diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease.
Results showed that the test was accurate 90 per cent of the time.
While there are currently brain scans available that can detect amloid-beta levels, these are expensive and impractical.
The researchers hope their blood test could offer a cheaper and easier alternative in the near future - although they highlight that further trials are needed.
Dr Doug Brown, Chief Policy and Research Officer at Alzheimer's Society, said: "A blood test is much quicker and cheaper than a brain scan or spinal tap, so this could be a useful tool for researchers to identify people at risk of Alzheimer's for further investigation."
Professor Paul Morgan, an immunology expert from Cardiff University , described the findings as the 'holy grail' of Alzheimer's research.
He said: "The availability of such markers would facilitate early diagnosis, allow early intervention and perhaps provide a means of demonstrating response to intervention."


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It's all in the Details.
I can't begin to tell you how that phrase can overwhelm me and make me feel "stressed out". I am NOT a detail girl by nature. It can take me hours and hours of thought to break down ideas into manageable chunks. Then, once it is all broken down into pieces, it can take me another few hours to put it back together. However, while I do not think in detail, I find knowing details very comforting. I love the security of being able to look at a list and see all the bits and pieces that make up a thought or project. One example would be the daily or weekly list of housekeeping suggestions from the Beautiful Life Management System or Home Journals. Even though I might struggle following the details perfectly, without them I am lost. There is safety in the list. I can see what has worked before. I can change what needs to be changed. I can be in control.
But what about the times that we *can't* be in control? What about the times when the details that need to be worked out are totally out of our hands? In Ruth 3, we find Ruth in a precarious position. Perhaps, by day's end she would be the promised wife of Boaz, her chosen kinsman redeemer, or perhaps she would be in the home of another man with a closer claim but perhaps not as tender a heart. Can you imagine her feelings that day? Perhaps nervousness? Perhaps fear? What do you do when circumstances are out of your control and the end result might be unfavorable?
I love Naomi's council in Ruth 3:18... "Sit still my daughter, until thou know how the matter will fall."
I am so thankful that God is a detailed God. He is in control of everything from the "big picture" of creating a solar system, to the details of the type of feet a duck needs to swim. And He is good. As you read through the story of Ruth, you see detail after detail working out around her that she had no control over and even no knowledge of until later. In the midst of her circumstances all she could do was wait and trust while God worked out the details.
Who are you trusting today? Are you intent on controlling every detail of life yourself, or checking off a list of "if I do this and this and this everything will work out fine" or can you rest in God's love and goodness enough to let Him work in the world around you even though things may not turn out the way you have planned? The story of Ruth encourages me, because I see how God took away what Ruth saw as good (a home, a country, a husband, the opportunity to have children), in order to give her something BETTER in the end. And through it all she just kept loving and serving and trusting Him, even though she didn't know what the end result would be. What a wonderful reminder to look past the pain and perplexity of the moment to a God who is always good. That is faith. That is rest. That is joy! May each of us be able to trust and rest in His goodness today as we plan to be a blessing!!


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Oh what I wouldn't give to be in primary school again, when the biggest decision come 11am was whether to eat my Roll-Up or Dunkaroos.
In my household, my siblings and I loved our lunchbox snacks so much my mum used to hide them away in a "school food" cupboard because they would all get eaten the weekend after a big Friday shop.
Who could blame us? School food was the best. And at 25, I'd take a Bega Cheese Stringer over a handful of almonds any day of the week as a mid-morning snack. But, you know, *health*.
Nowadays, lunchboxes overflowing with the sugary, salty treats we once loved more than avocado toast probably wouldn't cut it at many Australian schools… These days, lunchbox rules actually exist to combat childhood obesity and encourage healthy lifestyles at an early age.
This is definitely a step forward – but along with gems like Cheez TV, The Spice Girls and sparkly butterfly clips – brightly-packaged lunchbox snacks and their hilarious advertising campaigns are among our favourite '90s throwbacks to revisit.
So in the name of nostalgia, we gathered our 90s lunchbox favourites:
1. Space Food Sticks.
Space Food Sticks were marketed as a replica of "astronaut food" and we don't know why that was a thing. They tasted a bit like rubber and looked a little bit like, um, something you definitely wouldn't want to put in your mouth. But it was what they ate in space, guys. So of course we had to have them in our lunchboxes.
2. Roll-Ups.
Rollups… come to think of it… are a pretty weird snack (and a nightmare for braces, from memory). A flat, sticky sheet of 'fruit leather', they came in various flavours including 'fruit salad rainbow' ¯\_(ツ)_/¯. Sometimes, they came with tiny images from various cartoons stamped on the surface.


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Welcome to Reception!
In Reception, our curriculum is enriching, meaningful and active so that our children can become fully immersed in their learning. The children will learn through a series of well planned and thought out 'themed enquiries' to engage children in their broad range of learning opportunities.
Our teaching team is:
Ash class: Mrs Giles (Class Teachers, Mrs Rose & Mrs Stafford (Learning Partners)
Beech class: Miss Hall (Class Teacher) & Mrs Andrews (Learning Partner)
Useful websites to support learning:
E-safety: ThinkUKnow website
Phonics: PhonicsPlay
English: Free Reading books
Maths & English: Twinkl Play
Maths: ICT Maths Games
Maths: TopMarks


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My da|ra Login
Detailed view
Replication data for: Correction and Update: The Economic Effects of Climate Change
- Tol, Richard S. J.
AbstractGremlins intervened in the preparation of my paper "The Economic Effects of Climate Change" published in the Spring 2009 issue of this journal. In Table 1 of that paper, titled "Estimates of the Welfare Impact of Climate Change," minus signs were dropped from the two impact estimates, one by Plambeck and Hope (1996) and one by Hope (2006). In Figure 1 of that paper, titled "Fourteen Estimates of the Global Economic Impact of Climate Change," and in the various analyses that support that figure, the minus sign was dropped from only one of the two estimates. The corresponding Table 1 and Figure 1 presented here correct these errors. Figure 2 titled,"Twenty-One Estimates of the Global Economic Impact of Climate Change" adds two overlooked estimates from before the time of the original 2009 paper and five more recent ones.
Is supplement to
DOI: 10.1257/jep.28.2.221 (Text)
Tol, Richard S. J. "Correction and Update: The Economic Effects of Climate Change." Journal of Economic Perspectives 28, no. 2 (May 2014): 221–26. https://doi.org/10.1257/jep.28.2.221.
- ID: 10.1257/jep.28.2.221 (DOI)
Update Metadata: 2020-05-18 | Issue Number: 2 | Registration Date: 2019-10-12
Tol, Richard S. J. (2014): Replication data for: Correction and Update: The Economic Effects of Climate Change. Version: 1. ICPSR - Interuniversity Consortium for Political and Social Research. Dataset. https://doi.org/10.3886/E113923V1


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Check shows at: Online StreamsBirminghamCardiffOxfordGlasgow
Top Indian comedian and Netflix superstar Vir Das returns to the UK for an exclusive run of his hit international tour show Loved.
Following acclaimed Netflix specials Abroad Understanding and Losing It, Vir Das seeks to discover what it truly takes to love. In a world of friends, partners, parents, God, fellow man… and iphones, it's not that straight forward. They say before you can learn to love someone else, you have to learn to love yourself. Here's a comedy show for those who are on the fence.
With a career traversing Bollywood, music, and comedy, Vir Das has the experience of a lifetime in the entertainment industry under his belt. His Bollywood portfolio includes acclaimed films like Badmaash Company, Go Goa Gone, and Delhi Belly. Today, Das is the highest grossing English comedian in the country. His comedy pedigree speaks for itself, with a career spanning 100+ comedy shows, along with the distinction of being one of the Top 10 comics in Variety magazine's '10 Comedians to Watch' list . With 2017's Abroad Understanding, he became the first Indian comedian to have a Netflix special.
An avant-garde approach to the art, coupled with an enamouring presence on-stage has culminated into the success of his biggest tour yet, the Boarding Das Tour. With shows in over 32 cities across the world, including more than 40+ sold out shows across North America, Australia, and Europe, Boarding Das is Indian stand-up comedy on an unprecedented scale. Steely wit, refined humour, and an unwavering dedication to the art is what the best in comedy have to offer. And with Vir Das, it doesn't get any better than that.
'The hottest comedy talent in India'Hollywood Reporter
'Pretty much killed it'Huffington Post
'Top 10 comics to watch'Variety
'Solid, slick and funny 'The List


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The UK's biggest EduTech event is taking place in Edinburgh next week on September 22-23 at the Assembly Roxy. It promises to bring "together people from across the training and education spectrum for two days of Learning, Innovation, Technology and Evolution." Speakers include Graeme Obree, John Romero (a game designer who has worked on such iconic games as DOOM and Wolfenstein 3D) and Olivia Giles. And if you're not convinced by any of that, then maybe the "historic pub tour of Edinburgh, followed by a drinks reception at Administrate HQ" at the end of day one will do it for you. Keep an eye out for this event in our fortnightly Scottish tech events roundup on Monday as well! Book tickets here.
The list 40UNDER40: Scotland has been published by the Scottish Business News Network (SBNN). The list aims to highlight young entrepreneurs and innovators who are already making a positive impact in their business sector. It "recognises and celebrates the range of young talent that exists in the Scottish business community" by profiling forty individuals under the age of forty in sectors like academia, the public sector, banking and the third sector. "We were delighted by the number of entries we received this year, however the judging panel did find it difficult to narrow it down to just 40", said SBNN publisher Mike Watson, "There really are some amazingly talented individuals working in Scotland." You can find the list here.
With 11 million travelers in 2015 and heading towards 12 million this year, Edinburgh Airport is Scotland's busiest airport. In order to deal with the increase in passengers and to ensure a smoother passenger experience, Edinburgh Airport has enlisted Danish company Blip Systems. Their BlipTrack solution has been implemented in the airport's security area in order to manage passenger flow in a more efficient way. The solution provides the airport with detailed information about passengers´ queue times and how they move around the airport. The data gives the airport a clear picture on trends and patterns and how they are performing. It allows them to respond promptly and effectively, if lines are becoming congested, to ultimately reduce processing times. In addition, it also enables the airport to provide optimum service by displaying wait times on signs in the airport and on their website, thereby reducing passengers´ frustration by creating realistic wait time expectations.
Edrington, owner of such iconic whisky brands as The Famous Grouse, Macallan and Highland Park, are moving their operations from Perth to Glasgow. Ian Curle, Edrington's chief executive, said: 'Bringing together our leadership and business units in a central Glasgow location will help to ensure that the business is in the best possible shape to deliver long term growth. A total of 130 people will be based at the new offices, and the move is expected to result in 21 redundancies, 13 in Perth and 8 in Glasgow. Curle added that they hoped the move would "improve international connections and bring us close to the creative and digital skills necessary to grow our business."
And finally… what is it that's worth $1.2tn a year in the U.S. – more than Apple, Amazon and Google combined?


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Today at 9:01 AM
December 29, 2014
Claude's Commentary No. 44
By Claude Hall
Oh! DEATH!
Profound as a Thousand Nights.......
Who among We Mesquiteers will be the first to fall?
I do not wish to know.
I do know this ... Unus pro omnibus. Omnes pro uno.
That's enough to know right now.
Athos Baby.
This bit of tongue-in-cheek prose by Lee Baby Simms is apt. Especially after viewing "Julius Caesar" featuring Marlon Brando, James Mason, John Gielgud (1953). Good film. "Hamlet," too, was viewed over the weekend here by Barbara Hall and Darryl Hall. Again. Not me; I had a basketball game to watch. The somewhat cynical John A. Hall, Esq., remarked Friday: "Isn't it a pity Shakespeare didn't write more-original stuff?"
The Mesquiteers refers to a Saturday afternoon western serial featuring a very young John Wayne, and, I believe, Ray Corrigan and Max Terhune. Yes, there were also movies made in the series with different actors here and there. But the reference here to the Three Mesquiteers regards Lee Baby Simms, Woody Roberts, Bob Weisbuch, and myself. Sorta fits. Translation of "wak": with a kiss.
While we're into poetry, here's a video of Andy Hall, adjunct professor at UNLV, performing one of his poems. He won $50 in competition in Las Vegas this past week or so (and donated it back).
Robert E. Richer: "Hi, Claude … Lee Baby Simms has it right. Yours is a column of history, reminiscences and the passion of radio. I cannot understand how anyone who has a history in this business can say anything derogatory about your musings. What's that old line: 'If you remember the '60s, you weren't there?' I came up on the management side and focused on the Beautiful Music part of the business, with Jim Schulke as my partner. But that didn't stop me from reading Vox Jox regularly. Many of the stations that keep popping up in Claude's Commentary were repped by me when I was a salesman. And speaking of deaf, am I wrong, or isn't Don Imus also hearing impaired? All good wishes for a Merry Christmas, and may 2015 be the best year ever."
Nancy (Nancy Plum) Kirkwood: "Merry Christmas and Happy New Year from the bluegrass state! I enjoy reading your commentaries! I never dreamed my little radio career that began in January 1970 at WSDM, Chicago, would ever last this long! I do a live show 3-6p on Passport Radio 1490 in Frankfort KY – yes, we have a smart phone app & we stream 24/7 online at Passportradio1490.com I am also 'Sunny Hurst' on Star 103.7 7-9p -- it's really fun being a deejay again after all those years of news and traffic reports! It's always been all about the music with me. I visited the National Museum of Broadcasting in Chicago recently and they have a radio floor and a TV floor. Only three ladies pictures up on the wall among all the deejays which I found a bit disappointing. I thought for sure there should be more than that but hey I am not in charge there. Hope you have a great holiday season!"
Dan Neaverth: "Hi, Claude. Hope you and yours had a Merry Christmas ... Don Berns mentioned that he, too, wears hearing aids because he cranked the earphones way up. The late great Jack Armstrong used to have his soooo loud that when he took them off and set them on the console they would actually vibrate across the surface. For those of you who have hearing problems, have a hearing test and get a pair of the new digital ones. Don't, however, be like Berns and use those antique trumpet types. I thought he was just being Canadian when he kept saying eh? eh?"
Danny Davis: "When you gotta' guy thinx he's all shades of literary 'gold', and it fails to 'hit the Commentary classics', that's cause for massive 'pondering'! And pauses to question the vaunted Editor making such 'question marks'! I gotta' have another look at the MLK tale, and the Powerball statistic, that turned a Monday breakfast read into a Monday broken rant! … OR is we stuck in some kinda' po-litical co-reckness! I gotta' look again befoah I raise a ruckus!"
Bob Sherwood: "Hope you and the Lovely Barbara had a wonderful Holiday. I've been outraged for several days but not wanting to appear to be The Grinch I've been tamping it all down. Now that we're past Christmas … here goes. I guess you and I and your close associates got out of direct involvement in the business just in time as it's only when I learned of the passing of Joe Cocker that I discovered that he's not been elected into the Rock 'n Roll Hall of Fame! The Voice of Woodstock … the Voice of a Generation. A performer who put more gut-wrenching, flesh-tearing, soul-searing emotion into a song than more than 95% of the artists who ever set foot in front of a mike. He took total ownership of a Beatle's song, fer hevuns sake! And he's not in the R 'n R Hall of Fame? OK. Let's see who's in there and who's more Rock 'n Roll. Bobby Womack, DJ Fontana, Spooner Oldham, Percy Sledge, Buddy Guy, Randy Newman. Worthy fellows all. But more R 'n R than Joe Cocker?
I don't think so! And then there's Bob Wills & the Texas Playboys. I have no further comment so I'll just wish you and yours a Happy New Years."
Long ago, I felt that the Hall of Fame was too Atlantic Records oriented. Maybe I'm wrong. But I became turned off on the Hall at some point. It's there. Big deal! But it's not my rock museum. It's not my Rock Hall of Fame. It's just there. Something else. Merely a part of the whole. An apt view, Bob. Thank you.
Jay Lawrence: "Just a holiday wish to all, Marry Christmas, Happy Chanukah and a wonderful, healthy new year. I look forward to your column each week. I read The names of those who have served, entertained communities all over his great country. Many I know personally, many I know by reputation. Please never let anyone discourage you. One naysayer in The thousands who look forward to hearing about US should never be discouraging. I remember managers reading me the complaints about my show. (PLENTY) They never seemed to mention the GOOD reviews. Let this be one of many mentions of the GOOD you do."
Paul Cassidy: "Best moments with George Wilson were at Santa Anita. Gave him a wire to wire winner some 40 + years ago. It paid over $20 bucks and he bet it heavily. Kept calling me to thank me. Nice person to be around. Happiness to you and all your readers."
Denny Foster: "Please add my home email address to you weekly commentary mailings. Next year I will be retiring after 38 years in the biz. Thanks, and have a good holiday season."
Jack Gale: "First of all, in your column a few days back, you listed some of the greatest deejays. I noticed my name was in there. As Bobby Vee once said after you reviewed my book with a positive response, 'Claude Hall must have bad eyes'. Thanks so much for including me. I guess my age warrants it. I just celebrated my 90th birthday. It's tough going on without Lovey after 67 years, but we keep keepin' on. Bill Hennes called me about two months ago to tell me about a sensational female singer he heard. I heard her and signed her. I just finished her album in Nashville for Playback Records. It will be released world-wide in February. Now all I need is a promotion staff like: Morris Diamond, Tony Richland, Augie Blume, Danny Davis, Juggy Gayles, etc., and I'll be on my way. Happy Holidays to you and Barbara. Keep the column going. We all love it. Like you always say … 'Good on you, Claude'. Your friend."
Scott St. James: "While we're all getting ready for Christmas and the New Year, I want to thank you for your Monday treats (your column) and I'm very much looking forward to reading a lot more of these in 2015. At this end? Like most actors who aren't stars, it's been slow on-camera wise, but I've been busy doing occasional voice work. Mostly documentary voice stuff. Just finished a 90-page narration that'll (eventually) show up somewhere. Radio? I thank my lucky stars that I had the opportunity for many years to do what I did when I did it. Meanwhile, I hope that you (both) and your family have the best Merry Christmas EVER and that 2015 will be a great year for all of us. ONWARD!"
Gary Smith: "Claude, I enjoyed your last commentary (actually I enjoy them all), particularly the mention of Frank Ward and his ability to blend music. I agree! I started listening to Frank when he was doing 'Spotlight Serenade' on WKBW in the early 50s. Then I worked with Frank at WWOL in Buffalo in '57 thru early '58. Frank was Guy King & I was Tab Smith. What a great time to be in radio! Back to Rochester in 1958 for most of the rest of my 50-year career. I have also enjoyed the mentions of the great promotion men like George Furness, Lucky Carle, Mickey Addy, Bob Kruger, Al Clark, et al. Wonderful gentlemen! Thanks for the great read each week, Claude, and best wishes for the holiday season."
Chuck Chellman: "Can you believe his body was buried six months after his death in Oslo, Norway? I remember Casey Kasem well at WJW, Cleveland. Good, loveable guy. He bought a stereo set from me at Decca in Cleveland … cash money. This guy, in his later life, lived hell on earth, and hell after death. Frank, you were pumping out the hits at KYW, Johnny Holliday and jocks were pumping out the hits at WHK and Casey was doing well at WJW. We all need to pray for the spirit of Casey Kasem."
Several others remarked about Casey Kasem. I think I'll try to remember him as he once was. I liked his laughter.
Morris Diamond: "Good morning, Claude: Hope you and Barbara are having a Happy & Healthy Christmas holiday and extend it for a year so we can do this again next December 2015. I cherish Don Sundeen's mentioning the passing of Albeth Paris Grass and the playing of The Paris Sisters' big hit 'I Love How You Love Me' at his hops. I forwarded this week's Claude Hall letter to Albeth's husband, Clancy Grass, who, way back when, was a professional Canadian hockey player when he first met Albeth and got himself locked into our music biz. Among his many tasks was producing a series of Tom Jones and Paul Anka musicals for Canadian TV, producing films and TV, working with BJ Thomas on projects, and many more. My 50 years of friendship with both of them included a lot of tennis, European travel and so much more to have as cherished memories. Woody Roberts' mentioning of Epic Records and the staff from 1982 brought back some names from even many years before, such as John Hammond and Bill Bennett. I feel it is worth mentioning the first president of Epic is a gent from Rochester, NY, who was Columbia Records' sales manager that was upped to running Epic Records.
Len is retired and lives not too far from me in Rancho Mirage. His wife, Flo Levy, was WINS – New York City – assistant to program director, Mel Leeds, and had strong influence in the selection of their DJ's play list. I'm happy to see that our friendship is still a priority and Alice and I see them quite often. Charlie Barrett … the pictures you took of Danny and I at the Lunch Bunch Xmas party were OK. Sorry about the sun glasses. I left my regular glasses in the car and had no idea that I was wearing sun glasses when you snapped the foto. You would have been better off coming back to my table where we had, among others, actors Hal Linden and Jed Allan and Clancy Grass and my lady, Alice Harnell. But I love you anyway and thanks for the effort. The entertainers, all from our lunch bunch, were the top attractions in the Palm Springs area. Our weekly lunches, likewise, are a show unto themselves."
Gary Allyn: "Claudius, Well, it's the end of another year. Time for reflection. As I look back over the recent months at the loss of many of our contemporaries, I think how special they were. How special those times from which they all emanated were. When one compares it today's World, it becomes clear how truly wonderful the World of our youth was. Perhaps all generations feel this way, but the World of Radio and Records has certainly changed by comparison. Radio is supposed to reflect the community it serves. This observer sees an overall 'homogination' of our society in general. Those in my generation grew up in an era of individualistic difference. You could immediately tell the difference between a Ford and a Chevrolet, a Cadillac from a Lincoln. Today, from just a short distance, it's hard to discern a Toyota or Hyundai from a Buick or a Lincoln. There was a time when 'Made in the U.S.A.' workmanship was #1 and goods made in Japan were regarded as 'cheap' and found mostly in 'Five and Dime' stores. Few even knew where Korea was. When I grew up, I knew what my house looked like, it was different from all the rest. Our streets all had custom-individual looking houses. The suburbs of today all have that 'cookie cutout' sameness. In our World of entertainment, you knew right away the voice differential of Frank Sinatra and Mel Torme, Dinah Washington and Sarah Vaughn, Doris Day and Patti Page, Billy Eckstine and Louis Armstrong. Rock era's Elvis and Jerry Lee, Chuck Berry and Little Richard -- all were instantaneously recognizable. Today, my ears have difficulty distinguishing between Taylor Swift and Katy Perry, Christina Aguilara and Gwen Stefani, or any male rapper for that matter. The same can be said of the top radio personalities of the past. Right away you knew who Dick Biondi, 'Wolfman' Jack, The Real Don Steele, Casey Kasem, Murray The K and Lee Babi Simms were. Today, it's the banality of voice trackers. We've gone from Edward R. Murrow, Walter Cronkite, Paul Harvey and Top 40 newsmen Lee Marshall, J. Paul Huddleston, and Richard Mock, to the shrill 'Talking Heads' of today. It was all individually communicated without the need of dozens of cell phone companies. The need was filled with only monopolistic Ma Bell and a typewriter. I miss those 'signature' record labels, too. A DJ knew quickly the look of a Capitol, Columbia, Motown or RCA record label. Currently there's no distinction on a 'Download'. Somehow creative individualism has faded into a vast sea of mediocrity. Now, before you accuse me of living in the past, or being a bit old fashioned, let me say that today's 'Brave New World' has it's good points ... just a bit misguided in it's usage, or by the people who avail themselves of it. In conclusion, Claude, I thank God that you give us a platform to hang our collective memories on. The irony is that we need today's technology of the internet to remember and reconnect with our simpler past, thanks to you. So I wish you, Barbara and all the Halls be decked with good health and a very Happy New Year. May 2015 be filled with the innovative individualism which helped make Radio's 2nd Golden Era great, including all of those=past and present-who made it an era to remember. I lift my cup o' kindness to you one and all."
Scotty Brink: "Hey, Claude, I wanted to wish you and Ms. Barbara a joyful Yuletide and a fabulous 2015. I hope we'll have an opportunity to see you in the coming year. In case you didn't already know ... Bobby and Karen have made the trip to Tucson for the winter. They chose to fly this time rather than do the motorcade, as in past years. I'm grateful that they are both up for it and can be where they want to be, and out of the frozen north. You also should know how much I enjoy your commentary. You always were, and still are, the best writer in the radio/music biz. It's great reading tidbits from old friends and acquaintances."
Dave Anthony: "Note to Larry Irons: I saw your blurb about the Wolfman Jack song, 'There's an Old Man in Our Town'. I actually have a copy in mint condition on my Amazon page (which I'm NOT plugging). After raiding the 45 rpm libraries of each of the stations I worked at in the 70s and 80s when they moved to tape (then CD and digital), I find myself with over 20,000 singles that I've barely started to go through. Both Wolfman Jack singles – the other was 'I Ain't Never Seen a White Man' – appeared when I dug through the box starting with 'W'. CLAUDE: You can post the link only if you want to, or you could pass along my e-mail address below to Larry. Again, please forgive. Your newsletter is blissfully noncommercial and I'm not trying to change that. Just let Larry know I have a copy of the 45 he's looking for."
Mel Phillips: "Happy New Year. I've gone to a weekly Mel Phillips Radio Views but hope you will continue to read it day-by-day. While I've had some technical glitches, the first 3 days of my weekly post are complete with video links. I hope to have the rest of the week completed by tomorrow. In the meantime, thank you for reading my posts. I will continue to post daily updates on Twitter and Facebook. My URL remains: http://melphillipsradioviews.com
'Mel Phillips Radio Views - The Book' continues to be on sale at Amazon with a sample of the book available for an advance taste. You can access the book at"
Also heard from Chuck Blore, Timmy Manocheo, and Ron Jacobs and a few others. My thanks. Also received a Christmas Card featuring a nice painting by Bobby Vee. Going to scan it in a day or two. And Karen Velline invited Barbara and I down to Tucson … but I don't think I can do the trip. Sad on me. Don Whittemore and Don Graham, you're awesome! And Chuck Buell sent me an ecard that was cuter than old billy heck. I love you guys!
Don Barrett had an item out of the NY Times that six stations in Chicago featured Christmas music over the holidays. Jingle, jingle.
Lest We Forget: WIXY, Cleveland, appreciation day with Buffy St. Marie and Chuck Dunaway in teeshirt at right. Unknown DJ at left.


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400 years after falling out of favour, the flowing, and sometimes controversial, robes of the Han ethnic group are back in style
Published : Saturday, 21 October, 2017, 9:16am
UPDated : Sunday, 22 October, 2017, 2:05pm
When Luo Zhenchen first put on Hanfu, the traditional dress of China's Han people, its wide sleeves, crossed collars and long robes transformed him.
"I felt a strong sense of affection and belonging," the Guangzhou University design student said in an interview with the South China Morning Post. "I like the traditional culture behind it."
Luo, a sophomore, now wears Hanfu once a week. He also joined the Hanfu Society at his school. Its members celebrate traditional Chinese festivals, clad in Hanfu, and go into the community to lecture about their garments.
Luo is by no means alone in venerating traditional Chinese attire. An increasing number of Chinese argue that Hanfu, which characterised the Han ethnic group for more than three millennia, is worthy of far greater attention today – both at home and abroad.
Luo said he feels "a strong sense of affection and belonging" when he wears Hanfu clothes. Photo: Luo Zhenchen
After vanishing from history for about 400 years, the style has gained a substantial number of followers on the mainland in the past 15 years as the country attaches more importance to tradition and calls on the public to be proud of Chinese culture.
Hanfu, Luo said, had a "more broad historical context" than he expected. He said he also admired the "historical origins and historical tales" in its components.
Most Hanfu enthusiasts, like Luo and his peers at the university, reserve their outfits for traditional festivals; only a small proportion wear them every day.
A university student recently made headlines on Chinese media for dressing in Hanfu for more than 300 days in a single year to promote the style and culture.
To complement his traditional robe, Kang Wei, a commerce and management student at Southwest Petroleum University in Chengdu, Sichuan province, wore shoes made from black cloth and, on rainy days, carried an umbrella made from oil paper, Chengdu Business News reported.
"I admire Kang's courage to wear Hanfu every day," Luo said. "This kind of dress is different from what people wear nowadays."
Gao Zhiluo, a photographer from Luoyang in central China's Henan province, is another diehard Hanfu supporter. She has worn the apparel almost every day since 2014.
She was drawn to the costume from childhood when she was learning to play the pipa, a four-stringed instrument sometimes called the Chinese lute.
When she plays on stage she always dresses in Hanfu, which she described as "beautiful and comfortable to wear".
Her passion for Hanfu carries into her everyday life. Before she goes out with friends, she spends an hour selecting her clothes, making up, combing her hair and choosing shoes and a handbag.
When she is out and about, she said people often misunderstand her. Lots of people stare, she said, and some mock her for wearing what they assume is a cosplay outfit. Others, with a nationalistic or patriotic bent, get annoyed because they think her traditional robes are Japanese or South Korean.
"I'm never put off by what they think because I know I've done nothing wrong or broken any rules," she said. "But I am sad that people have such a lack of awareness of Hanfu. They don't know that this is what our Han ancestors wore for thousands of years."
Gao said that people often stare at her when she is out and about and some are even abusive, but she is "never put off by what they think". By: Gao Zhiluo
Hanfu is not without its controversy. It has been linked to nationalist movements and even some of its most ardent fans have rejected calls to elevate it to China's national dress. These naysayers point to the potential conflict such a move could spark between China's Han majority and its 55 ethnic minorities.(最忠实的支持者反对设汉服为国服,因为可能造成汉族与少数民族间的潜在矛盾。)
Han people, who have made up the bulk of China's population since ancient times, were forced to change their clothes to Manchu-style ones by the Manchu rulers of the Qing dynasty (1644-1911) in the mid 17th century. Many were killed for protesting the order.(提及汉服消亡原因。)
It is hard to estimate the number of people who wear Hanfu today. Clubs promoting the fashion have sprouted at every major university and that demand has led to the creation of hundreds of new clothing brands. Just 10 years ago, there was barely a handful.
Most supporters say they wear the style to show their appreciation for Chinese culture or just for fashion, without caring about the Han nationalism publicised by some leaders of the Hanfu revitalisation movement more than a decade ago.(大多数支持者认为他们穿汉服只是为了体现对中国文化的欣赏或仅仅是为了时尚,而不关心汉服复兴运动早期领导者所倡导的汉民族主义。——扎心了这句话,说白了就是脱离民族性和民族思想,似乎汉服复兴与民族认同、民族凝聚、中华民族伟大复兴无关,仅仅是文化玩乐、时尚体验)
Online broadcaster Wang Tingting said she prefers to see Hanfu as the traditional dress of the Han people, not as a fashion style that represents all Chinese. Photo: Wang Tingting
To raise Hanfu's profile, in 2015 some members of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Congress proposed making it China's national dress, while several deputies to the National People's Congress suggested that the robes worn by university students and academics on the mainland should be designed in a Hanfu style.
Not all Hanfu supporters endorse those suggestions, however. Wang Tingting, an online broadcaster from Chongqing in southwestern China, said she had been wearing Hanfu regularly for several years, but preferred to see it as the traditional dress of the Han people, not as a fashion style that represented all Chinese.
"Making Hanfu China's national dress could be misleading, as if it was promoting Han nationalism and that could lead to ethnic conflicts," she said.
Wang makes tea dressed in one of her silk outfits. She said she has been passionate about Hanfu for several years. Photo: Wang Tingting
Luo shared Wang's concerns, saying that it would be controversial to make Hanfu the national dress.
Gao said she could not understand why it was necessary to have a national dress.
"It's just clothes," she said. "Why bother to politicise it? "If Hanfu was our national dress, what would ethnic minorities think?"
Li Bochun, director of the Chinese Culture Rejuvenation Research Institute said it was comforting to see so many young people being drawn to Hanfu, but thought it was probably inappropriate for daily use.
"In this fast-paced society, is it realistic to wear it while riding a bicycle or scrambling to get on a bus or subway train?"(穿汉服骑车也不少见了,搭公交地铁就更是见怪不怪啦。)
This article appeared in the South China Morning Post print edition as: The Hanfu revival: an ancient Style finds a new following


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LaHood is all aboard on Amtrak issue
April 1, 2015
There won't be anymore "Schocking" name puns if Republican State Senator Darin LaHood is elected to the U.S. Congress to succeed Aaron Schock in a special election to represent the 18th Congressional District.
Republican Schock, former U.S. Congressman, announced his resignation earlier in March after questions arose about his mileage reimbursements. He remained in Congress until March 31.
On March 30 and 31, LaHood toured the 18th Congressional District, which covers 19 counties, stopping in Peoria, Bloomington, Springfield, Jacksonville, Quincy and finally Macomb to formally announce his candidacy for U.S. Congress.
"(I'm) very proud to be here today to announce my candidacy for Congress," LaHood said. "Let me just tell you, I take this job and this race very, very seriously."
LaHood addressed one of the biggest issues affecting Western Illinois University students: Amtrak.
Amtrak recently considered adding a route to connect Macomb to other college towns. However, Governor Bruce Rauner released in his budget that he planned on cutting Amtrak funding by $16 million, making the budget for the trains $26 million rather than $42 million.
"Obviously Amtrak is very important to this area," LaHood said. "It's a very popular line, and it, obviously, helps the economy, helps our students at Western and it provides transportation that is critically needed in this area."
LaHood promised that, if elected, he would be a strong defender of Amtrak and infrastructure in the area as well as trying to get the governor to reinstate money to the Amtrak budget.
"In my district, the Amtrak is important, and I'm going to continue to be a strong advocate," LaHood said. "Talking to the governor, talking to his budget people about that, talking about priority for west-central Illinois, I have already done that and will continue to do that."
LaHood is also a part of a committee that meets quarterly to discuss issues involving travel and tourism throughout the area.
"In those meetings, talking about how we improve the tourism aspect from Chicago to Quincy and all the spots in between, Macomb, Kewanee, Galesburg," LaHood said. "We're looking at ridership and how we, at the federal level, make sure we have the adequate resources to promote Amtrak, to promote tourism and to get people to ride Amtrak more and more."
LaHood went on to appeal to the citizens of Macomb.
"I've got a strong conservative record when it comes to fiscal responsibility, when it comes to being an advocate for our agriculture community in central and west-central Illinois, and also my stance on ethics bills," LaHood said. "I've been a strong proponent of term limits for legislators, strong proponent of ethics reform and transparency in government over the last five years, and I think that's important in our state government."
LaHood also addressed the influence his family has on his political outlook.
"When I think about this race and think about our country, I think about the future for (my family) and think about our grand kids and our kids," LaHood said. "I was fortunate enough to have great opportunities in my life, and as I look at the next generation and what the future holds, it worries me with what's going on in our country, what's going on overseas and what's going on internationally. What I hope to focus (on) in this race is looking at the future."
LaHood is also proud of his accomplishments as an advocate for agriculture and in support of the Second Amendment and believes this is important for the 18th Congressional District.
"I've been a strong proponent of agriculture in the State Senate," LaHood said. "I'm very proud (that) I've gotten the Farm Bureau Award my last two elections. I'm also proud (that) I've been endorsed by the NRA (National Rifle Association) in my last two elections and I will continue to be a strong advocate for agriculture if I'm elected to the U.S. House of Representatives."
Governor Rauner will be setting an official date for the election within the next few days, although it is predicted to take place in June. The winning candidate will finish out Schock's term.
LaHood drew his announcement to a close by encouraging potential voters.
"I'll just say, I'm proud to have the endorsements I have here today, but the real endorsement is the voters, " LaHood said. "I promise to work very, very hard over these next 10 weeks to earn your vote, not take anything for granted, talk about my record and come back more and more to Macomb and McDonough County."
LaHood ended his speech on a positive note.
"I'm looking forward, most importantly, to work hard for the future (and) the next generation of this country," LaHood said.


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For business partners
For business partners
Advertisement and expo stands as well as VIP tickets for business customer are on sale now!
Along with the Extreme Stadium Race, Winter Expo will be organized also next winter.
The event with the expo is a great venue for all types of businesses for advertising, marketing, sales, customer contact, and VIP customer service.
The expo stands can be reserved from the paddock side near the riders and from the mainstand side.
Advertising spots are on sale in a big screen in the middle of the track, as a regional ads on the track area (eg Beach Flags), on a program magazine and as a heat partners. VIP tickets are already available for business customers.
We offer a great motor sport event, the biggest snowmobile event in Finland and an international motorsport race right in the downtown of Oulu.
The event will be one of the Northern Finland's biggest outdoor event in the winter of 2020.
There has been 3000-4000 spectators every year. This year we´ll expect even 5,000 people.
The preliminary opening hours for the event and the expo area are:
Friday 21 of February 2020 at 14 – 21
Saturday 22 of February 2020 at 14 – 21


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It is estimated that the global facial recognition technology is a USD178 million business in 2016, though accounts for only 4% of the total biometric market cake while fingerprint still dominates 91% of the revenue. But China is going to ride this wave and build its own momentum&scale, very likely surpassing any western countries.
Conventional wisdom considers facial recognition falls into 3 basic categories along with few specific applications.
China in fact already adopted facial recognition in most of the areas. Let us just have a brief rundown of those deployments which caught the attention of news headline:
- KFC allows customers pay for orders with their face powered by Alibaba. It is said the technology also suggests food choices based on customer's age, sex, and mood
- The sudden hype of unmanned convenience stores in China is leveraging facial recognition capability
- China Southern Airlines recently ditched boarding pass by introducing facial recognition in certain city; Chinese railway stations are testing a similar system to replace train tickets
- Many local banks gradually rolled out facial recognition ATMs across cities
- A least four cities in China have installed facial recognition technology to name and shame jaywalkers
- Police used the technology to arrest drug abusers during a beer festival event
- In Shenzhen, the city government tested the device in 12 taxis that verifies the ID of a driver
- Beijing has integrated facial recognition into the public toilets in a park to identify "toilet paper thieves"
Below video should give you a vivid demo of different kinds of facial recognition application in China, including that "toilet paper dispenser".
Facial recognition mechanism basically
- begins with finding a face in an input picture or video: an algorithm searches the input picture for groups of pixels arranged in patterns indicative of a human face.
- It next moves on to feature extraction: it relies on a large training set. So whenever a new picture is thrown at the algorithm, it calculates the distance between the newcomer and each of the pictures it has been trained on. It ends up with a feature vector, a numerical value corresponding to the way we look. The latest deep learning algorithm obviously makes the whole training process more efficient and faster.
WSJ also explained this trend so well in this video.
China offers the fertile and unique environment to cultivate the advancement of facial recognition:
I)One key factor driving the growth of the facial recognition market is the investment in surveillance systems. For that, China has 170 million surveillance cameras in public places and is likely to install an additional 450 million cameras by 2020.
II)China government has the centralized facial database for all the citizens over 18 years old and is very willing to partner with internet giants to implement the technology which adds god-like power to assist its homeland security and criminal investigation.
III)In the West, the public often raises serious concerns about privacy and misuse of personal information. For instance,
- In 2016 in the US over 50 civil liberties groups protested to the Justice Department's Civil Rights Division regarding the growing use of facial recognition technology by police forces.
- In 2016 Snapchat was sued for illegally collecting, storing, and using biometric information, including face geometry and iris scans of its users without obtaining permission.
- When Walmart filed a patent application to develop facial recognition at the checkout to help store personnel determine if customers are happy, critics said this should be the worst AI application ever by violating personal privacy.
These are NOT problems in China, folks!
IV)Tons of money from the local capital market have poured in. Just look at two unicorns in this area:
- Face++, founded in 2011, the technology provider behind Alibaba's "Smile and Pay" for KFC raised USD100 million in Series C.
- Sensetime, a 3 years old startup with core technology in the face, has received USD410 million in Series B.
Infrastructure, data, willingness, money, bingo…All the stars are aligned to make the accelerated adoption of facial technology in as many ways as imaginable in China.
Author: Cecilia Wu