text: The Little White House is an iconic symbol of how the Saguenay Flood devastated Chicoutimi in 1996. But residents of Grande-Baie Sector were equally traumatized. Within a year, artist Jean-Jules Soucy was commissioned to create a commemorative monument along the banks of the Ha! Ha! River. Ha! Ha! Pyramid was finished in 1998. You may wonder why the 69 foot pyramid is covered with over 3,000 yield signs. It is because the French word for yield (céder) is pronounced like s'aider which translates to help each other. Near the top is an observation deck overlooking Ha! Ha! Park plus the river and bay.


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The essence of quality reside in details.
For more than forty years Marigo's brothers take care of every particular of the production chain to let the IDEAL LEGNO's wood flooring became a quintessence of quality.
Passion, care, know-how, together with the accurate choice of raw material, let these floorings be able to satisfy every kind of request, even the most demanding.
Because IDEAL LEGNO do not only sell ordinary flooring, although it offers quality for your desires.
In more than 40 years of activity in the sector, IDEAL LEGNO has become a benchmark in the national and international market. A target achieved thanks to the passion for quality, the competence and the punctuality, which still meets the needs of the customer. For this reason IDEAL LEGNO win its clients and is on the top of its field.
Thanks to a long and attentive selection of raw materials, we designed a set of wood floorings for your homes. The wood's selections are thought to guide you till the choice of the perfect wood specie for your house.
In each plank relive the spirit of the tree which, from nature it inject under your feet, maintaining intact its personality.
IDEAL LEGNO, started in the mid 1970s under the expert guidance of Marigo brothers. In just few years the company became a leader in the production of quality, pre-finished wooden floors.
The extensive knowledge and experience in wood that they gained over the years gave IDEAL LEGNO a leading role in the market place, both nationally and internationally.
This leadership is also given by the constant research of new products and finishing techniques, which enables the company to make a wide range of products that are able to satisfy any request made by clients. The company operates a constant quality control on every single product. The highly automised production cycle is overseen by specialized personnel who ensure that every single stage of the job is executed scrupulously.
Watch the videos of our production lines

subset: commoncrawl


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New Blog Project: Project Atlas
Hey all!
This is the "teaser" post, if you will, for an upcoming blog project, which I have dubbed "Project Atlas". It will be based on weekly episodic content, and that's just about all I can reveal at this point; it's shrouded in secrecy at the moment. All I can say is that there will be more information presented next Tuesday, September 9th, and a real unveiling on September 16th. The debut post, however, will be on Tuesday, September 23rd.
I heartily invite speculation as to what Project Atlas is. If you wish to get involved (there's really only room for two people at most for a very minor job), shoot me an email. Please.


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That headline got your attention, didn't it? You'll have to keep reading to find out the answer. Right now, all I can tell you is our Inwood Home of the Week is a gorgeous Kessler Park Tudor that wraps the corner of Montclair Avenue and Colorado Boulevard.
I was racking my brain trying to figure out why I was so familiar with 1122 North Montclair Avenue and it finally hit me. For many years, it was used as a location for photography and film. In my former life, I was a photo stylist and had been here on a couple of shoots. It's been a good 25 years since I was inside, but I distinctly remember being struck by not just the look, but also the feel of this gorgeous Kessler Park Tudor. It was like stepping into a home in the English countryside, and you could just feel the history.
It was built in 1927 for J.A. Skillern and his wife. If you've been in Dallas for a generation or two, you'll remember Skillern's was the drugstore chain. Walgreens was up in Chicago still, and CVS did not even exist until 1963. The Skillern family were prominent in Dallas society. The local story goes that they gave homes to their daughters and drugstores to their sons. Considering the drugstores are gone, the houses were probably a better gift as most are still standing and in beautiful condition.
I can't find any documentation, and I've scoured the archives, but if I had to guess, I'd say this was a Carsey & Linski design. It has four bedrooms, three bathrooms, and one powder bath and it looks a lot like the one they built for Louie Kimple, the founder of Dixie Wax Paper Company at 1414 West Colorado Boulevard.
There have been a handful of owners over the years including the Bryans and the Fletchers — that would be the barbecue Bryans and the corny dog Fletchers. That has to stop you in your tracks. Two food families owned this house. That alone is a draw for me!Original details have been preserved in the 3,700-square-foot home including leaded windows, coved ceilings, original millwork, a Batchelder fireplace, beautiful hardwood floors and an elevator. Think about the year this house was built. Not many homes had elevators in 1927, but the Skillern's Kessler Park Tudor did!
"The elevator went from the maid's quarters and wine cellar in the basement to the second floor, owner Ann Foster said. "It has the original accordion doors that remind me of a 1920s Paris flat. The floors are hardwood, and the original light fixture works. There is even a railing for the maid to hang clothes to take upstairs and rumor has it that a safe is located somewhere along the elevator route." It's not functioning at present, but that's only because when Ann and her husband John purchased this Kessler Park Tudor in 2014, there were more important renovations on their minds, like bringing the kitchen into this century. Anne is a Realtor with Dave Perry-Miller, so who better to ensure this beauty was not only preserved, but also appropriately updated.
"The kitchen was a 1970s kitchen, there was nothing original, and it had heavy, blue, brick floors," Anne said. "When our contractor, Jeff Blackwell, pulled up the brick we discovered the original pine floors. The kitchen was the domain of the cook, so less expensive wood was used here. The rest of the house has oak flooring. You can see a carving in the threshold between the kitchen and the hall that was typical of the era. We tried to create a classic and timeless kitchen. Jeff was instrumental in helping us. He's passionate about saving and preserving homes."
Blackwell worked with the Fosters almost nonstop for the first six months ensuring no detail was overlooked. The basement bathroom was remodeled, all the hardwoods were refinished, and copper valleys were added to the original slate roof by Scottie Ballantyne Roofing.
The house has been on home multiple home tours and has been a real draw for location scouts over the years, which leads us to why Matthew Perry and Elizabeth Hurley were here. The house was used as the home of Hurley's character Sara in the Paramount film "Serving Sara," shot in 2002. Perry is a process server and serves Hurley in the entry hall of this Kessler Park Tudor.
Not only do you get a sought-after film location, but think about those basement quarters, complete with a separate mailbox. That's rental income!
"I'm going to miss the aura of the house," Foster said. "It has such a special feeling. It's light, airy, and the rooms are spacious, much more so than you'd expect in a house built in the 1920s. It's very comfortable for guests. We've had tons of family and friends in for the holidays, we have loved living here, and the neighborhood is wonderful. It's full of people that love and appreciate the preservation of these homes. It just doesn't get any better than this."
Indeed, it does not. This Kessler Park Tudor can be yours for only $1.25 million, which you'll pay off in no time with all those location fees!
Karen Eubank is the owner of Eubank Staging and Design. She has been an award-winning professional home stager for more than 25 years and a professional writer for 20 years. Karen is the mother of a son who's studying music at The University of Miami. An ardent animal lover, she doesn't mind one bit if your fur baby jumps right into her lap. Find Karen at www.eubankstaging.com


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The Times of India, Goa, 20th January, 2015
PANAJI: All talk that Goa is not home to the big cat or that tigers are merely visitors has been proved false with the ministry of environment and forests' survey reporting five tigers in the state.
Though three other states, Kerala, Tamil Nadu and Goa's neighbour, Karnataka, have witnessed a sizeable increase in tiger population and the state's tiger count has not shown any increase, it is good news for animal lovers, as some foresters, including a top official a few years ago, were in denial mode about the existence of big cats in Goa's forested terrain.
The protected area of Bhimgad in Karnataka, as also the Dandeli-Anshi tiger reserve are contiguous to the wildlife sanctuaries in Goa and form a solid corridor for the big cats and other wildlife. The ministry had written to the state government a few years ago to move a proposal for setting up of a tiger reserve in the Mhadei wildlife sanctuary. But the state did not show any interest in taking the proposal forward.


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Vara Waterproof Organic Coat
- knee length
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- Model height is 5'9 and wears size 10
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100% Organic Cotton* with Waterproof Coating, 100% Recycled Polyester lining
*certified organic cottonCodeWSJ4050
Gentle machine wash at 30 degrees. wash separately. Wash inside out. Do not iron. Do not tumble dry. Do not bleach. Do not dry clean.
Delivery & Returns
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In addition, we have also extended our returns policy from 28 days to 60 days of receipt of your order. Refunds are currently taking 5-8 working days to process from receiving your parcel but may take longer.
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End of an Era
By Sabrina Baker
May 3, 2017
The varsity baseball team is nearing the end of the season, but for the eight senior Hawks, it's an especially bittersweet time. Seniors Matthew Kearney, Kevin McDougal, Jack Dickson, Will Muir, Connor Swenberg, Nick Kennison, Sam Spiegelman, and Ryan Leake have been together a since the beginning...
Sports Recap: Week of 5/4
May 12, 2015
VARSITY SOFTBALL SUFFERS LOSS TO RIVAL REDWOOD The varsity softball team lost to Redwood 14-1 on May 4, bringing their MCAL league record to 5-5. Sophomore Kendall Lafranchi, sophomore Anna Reichenbach, and senior Chloe Jacobs contributed the only four hits of the game in the loss. VARSITY GOLF TEAM...


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I have never done a tea swap, until now. I am so glad I found out about the world of tea swapping. It is so awesome! I just got a bunch of tea while clearing out my own cabinet a little bit. How can you go wrong with free tea?
The first I decided to try was my tea swap buddy's favorite, and it is called Almond Sugar Cookie. It is a black tea blend by Simpson and Vail. I have never had a tea from Simpson and Vail before and was excited to try it out. I love cookies and I love almond! I was hoping for genuine flavor here and boy did I get that, and more.
This tea smells exactly like fresh baked sugar cookies. Seriously it does! And it does it without tasting artificial. I steeped this blend with near-boiling water for about 5 minutes. The black tea was smooth and mellow, not astringent or bitter. The smooth, malty flavor of the black tea accented the cookie flavor very well. The almond here was not overpowering and it was not overly sweet, artificial, or cherry-like. We have all had that almond flavored tea that tastes like cherries because of how sweet the almond flavoring the company used was. I don't like teas like that. Rest assured, Simpson and Vail really hit the nail on the head here. I am absolutely in love!
I really cant say enough about this tea. It was so realistic to fresh baked sugar cookies speckled with crunchy almonds. I will definitely be ordering from this company and am excited to try out their other teas. I was perusing their website a bit and saw that their prices are very reasonable, too. I would recommend you check them out.
Here's the scoop!
Leaf Type: Black Tea
Where to Buy: Simpson and Vail
Heavenly! That's the best word to describe this black tea blend. You'll think you're in a bakery when you open the bag and the aroma of nutty goodness wafts out. The brewed tea is divine – with no calories!
Ingredients: Black teas, almonds, flavoring and safflower blossoms. Contains Tree Nuts.
Brew tea at 212º – steep for 3 minutes.


text: Immunoblotting: Immunologic method used for detecting or quantifying immunoreactive substances. The substance is identified by first immobilizing it by blotting onto a membrane and then tagging it with labeled antibodies.Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel: Electrophoresis in which a polyacrylamide gel is used as the diffusion medium.Blotting, Western: Identification of proteins or peptides that have been electrophoretically separated by blot transferring from the electrophoresis gel to strips of nitrocellulose paper, followed by labeling with antibody probes.Molecular Weight: The sum of the weight of all the atoms in a molecule.Molecular Sequence Data: Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.Cross Reactions: Serological reactions in which an antiserum against one antigen reacts with a non-identical but closely related antigen.Fluorescent Antibody Technique: Test for tissue antigen using either a direct method, by conjugation of antibody with fluorescent dye (FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE, DIRECT) or an indirect method, by formation of antigen-antibody complex which is then labeled with fluorescein-conjugated anti-immunoglobulin antibody (FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE, INDIRECT). The tissue is then examined by fluorescence microscopy.Antibody Specificity: The property of antibodies which enables them to react with some ANTIGENIC DETERMINANTS and not with others. Specificity is dependent on chemical composition, physical forces, and molecular structure at the binding site.Antibodies, Monoclonal: Antibodies produced by a single clone of cells.Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay: An immunoassay utilizing an antibody labeled with an enzyme marker such as horseradish peroxidase. While either the enzyme or the antibody is bound to an immunosorbent substrate, they both retain their biologic activity; the change in enzyme activity as a result of the enzyme-antibody-antigen reaction is proportional to the concentration of the antigen and can be measured spectrophotometrically or with the naked eye. Many variations of the method have been developed.Amino Acid Sequence: The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.Immunosorbent Techniques: Techniques for removal by adsorption and subsequent elution of a specific antibody or antigen using an immunosorbent containing the homologous antigen or antibody.Immunohistochemistry: Histochemical localization of immunoreactive substances using labeled antibodies as reagents.Antigens, Bacterial: Substances elaborated by bacteria that have antigenic activity.Cells, Cultured: Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.RNA, Messenger: RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.Antibodies, Bacterial: Immunoglobulins produced in a response to BACTERIAL ANTIGENS.Epitopes: Sites on an antigen that interact with specific antibodies.Phosphorylation: The introduction of a phosphoryl group into a compound through the formation of an ester bond between the compound and a phosphorus moiety.Immunologic Techniques: Techniques used to demonstrate or measure an immune response, and to identify or measure antigens using antibodies.Cell Line: Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.Collodion: A nitrocellulose solution in ether and alcohol. Collodion has a wide range of uses in industry including applications in the manufacture of photographic film, in fibers, in lacquers, and in engraving and lithography. In medicine it is used as a drug solvent and a wound sealant.Membrane Proteins: Proteins which are found in membranes including cellular and intracellular membranes. They consist of two types, peripheral and integral proteins. They include most membrane-associated enzymes, antigenic proteins, transport proteins, and drug, hormone, and lectin receptors.Base Sequence: The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.Rabbits: The species Oryctolagus cuniculus, in the family Leporidae, order LAGOMORPHA. Rabbits are born in burrows, furless, and with eyes and ears closed. In contrast with HARES, rabbits have 22 chromosome pairs.Microscopy, Immunoelectron: Microscopy in which the samples are first stained immunocytochemically and then examined using an electron microscope. Immunoelectron microscopy is used extensively in diagnostic virology as part of very sensitive immunoassays.Antibodies: Immunoglobulin molecules having a specific amino acid sequence by virtue of which they interact only with the ANTIGEN (or a very similar shape) that induced their synthesis in cells of the lymphoid series (especially PLASMA CELLS).Immune Sera: Serum that contains antibodies. It is obtained from an animal that has been immunized either by ANTIGEN injection or infection with microorganisms containing the antigen.Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional: Electrophoresis in which a second perpendicular electrophoretic transport is performed on the separate components resulting from the first electrophoresis. This technique is usually performed on polyacrylamide gels.Autoantibodies: Antibodies that react with self-antigens (AUTOANTIGENS) of the organism that produced them.Immunoglobulin G: The major immunoglobulin isotype class in normal human serum. There are several isotype subclasses of IgG, for example, IgG1, IgG2A, and IgG2B.Bacterial Proteins: Proteins found in any species of bacterium.Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect: A form of fluorescent antibody technique commonly used to detect serum antibodies and immune complexes in tissues and microorganisms in specimens from patients with infectious diseases. The technique involves formation of an antigen-antibody complex which is labeled with fluorescein-conjugated anti-immunoglobulin antibody. (From Bennington, Saunders Dictionary & Encyclopedia of Laboratory Medicine and Technology, 1984)Recombinant Proteins: Proteins prepared by recombinant DNA technology.Autoantigens: Endogenous tissue constituents that have the ability to interact with AUTOANTIBODIES and cause an immune response.Signal Transduction: The intracellular transfer of information (biological activation/inhibition) through a signal pathway. In each signal transduction system, an activation/inhibition signal from a biologically active molecule (hormone, neurotransmitter) is mediated via the coupling of a receptor/enzyme to a second messenger system or to an ion channel. Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. Some signal transduction pathways may be part of larger signal transduction pathways; for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway.Cloning, Molecular: The insertion of recombinant DNA molecules from prokaryotic and/or eukaryotic sources into a replicating vehicle, such as a plasmid or virus vector, and the introduction of the resultant hybrid molecules into recipient cells without altering the viability of those cells.Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction: A variation of the PCR technique in which cDNA is made from RNA via reverse transcription. The resultant cDNA is then amplified using standard PCR protocols.Cattle: Domesticated bovine animals of the genus Bos, usually kept on a farm or ranch and used for the production of meat or dairy products or for heavy labor.Carrier Proteins: Transport proteins that carry specific substances in the blood or across cell membranes.Immunoassay: A technique using antibodies for identifying or quantifying a substance. Usually the substance being studied serves as antigen both in antibody production and in measurement of antibody by the test substance.Isoenzymes: Structurally related forms of an enzyme. Each isoenzyme has the same mechanism and classification, but differs in its chemical, physical, or immunological characteristics.Cell Membrane: The lipid- and protein-containing, selectively permeable membrane that surrounds the cytoplasm in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.Precipitin Tests: Serologic tests in which a positive reaction manifested by visible CHEMICAL PRECIPITATION occurs when a soluble ANTIGEN reacts with its precipitins, i.e., ANTIBODIES that can form a precipitate.Aquaporin 2: Aquaporin 2 is a water-specific channel protein that is expressed in KIDNEY COLLECTING DUCTS. The translocation of aquaporin 2 to the apical PLASMA MEMBRANE is regulated by VASOPRESSIN, and MUTATIONS in AQP2 have been implicated in a variety of kidney disorders including DIABETES INSIPIDUS.Gene Expression: The phenotypic manifestation of a gene or genes by the processes of GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION and GENETIC TRANSLATION.Rats, Sprague-Dawley: A strain of albino rat used widely for experimental purposes because of its calmness and ease of handling. It was developed by the Sprague-Dawley Animal Company.Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins: Proteins isolated from the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria.Cell Line, Tumor: A cell line derived from cultured tumor cells.Immunoenzyme Techniques: Immunologic techniques based on the use of: (1) enzyme-antibody conjugates; (2) enzyme-antigen conjugates; (3) antienzyme antibody followed by its homologous enzyme; or (4) enzyme-antienzyme complexes. These are used histologically for visualizing or labeling tissue specimens.Chromatography, Affinity: A chromatographic technique that utilizes the ability of biological molecules to bind to certain ligands specifically and reversibly. It is used in protein biochemistry. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)Tumor Cells, Cultured: Cells grown in vitro from neoplastic tissue. If they can be established as a TUMOR CELL LINE, they can be propagated in cell culture indefinitely.Aquaporins: A class of porins that allow the passage of WATER and other small molecules across CELL MEMBRANES.Aquaporin 6: Aquaporin 6 is an aquaglyceroporin that is found primarily in KIDNEY COLLECTING DUCTS. AQP6 protein functions as an anion-selective channel.Enzyme Activation: Conversion of an inactive form of an enzyme to one possessing metabolic activity. It includes 1, activation by ions (activators); 2, activation by cofactors (coenzymes); and 3, conversion of an enzyme precursor (proenzyme or zymogen) to an active enzyme.Apoptosis: One of the mechanisms by which CELL DEATH occurs (compare with NECROSIS and AUTOPHAGOCYTOSIS). Apoptosis is the mechanism responsible for the physiological deletion of cells and appears to be intrinsically programmed. It is characterized by distinctive morphologic changes in the nucleus and cytoplasm, chromatin cleavage at regularly spaced sites, and the endonucleolytic cleavage of genomic DNA; (DNA FRAGMENTATION); at internucleosomal sites. This mode of cell death serves as a balance to mitosis in regulating the size of animal tissues and in mediating pathologic processes associated with tumor growth.Peptide Fragments: Partial proteins formed by partial hydrolysis of complete proteins or generated through PROTEIN ENGINEERING techniques.Kinetics: The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.Rats, Wistar: A strain of albino rat developed at the Wistar Institute that has spread widely at other institutions. This has markedly diluted the original strain.Mice, Inbred BALB CIsoelectric Focusing: Electrophoresis in which a pH gradient is established in a gel medium and proteins migrate until they reach the site (or focus) at which the pH is equal to their isoelectric point.PhosphoproteinsMicroscopy, Electron: Microscopy using an electron beam, instead of light, to visualize the sample, thereby allowing much greater magnification. The interactions of ELECTRONS with specimens are used to provide information about the fine structure of that specimen. In TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY the reactions of the electrons that are transmitted through the specimen are imaged. In SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY an electron beam falls at a non-normal angle on the specimen and the image is derived from the reactions occurring above the plane of the specimen.Subcellular Fractions: Components of a cell produced by various separation techniques which, though they disrupt the delicate anatomy of a cell, preserve the structure and physiology of its functioning constituents for biochemical and ultrastructural analysis. (From Alberts et al., Molecular Biology of the Cell, 2d ed, p163)Species Specificity: The restriction of a characteristic behavior, anatomical structure or physical system, such as immune response; metabolic response, or gene or gene variant to the members of one species. It refers to that property which differentiates one species from another but it is also used for phylogenetic levels higher or lower than the species.Liver: A large lobed glandular organ in the abdomen of vertebrates that is responsible for detoxification, metabolism, synthesis and storage of various substances.Proteins: Linear POLYPEPTIDES that are synthesized on RIBOSOMES and may be further modified, crosslinked, cleaved, or assembled into complex proteins with several subunits. The specific sequence of AMINO ACIDS determines the shape the polypeptide will take, during PROTEIN FOLDING, and the function of the protein.Serologic Tests: Diagnostic procedures involving immunoglobulin reactions.Immunochemistry: Field of chemistry that pertains to immunological phenomena and the study of chemical reactions related to antigen stimulation of tissues. It includes physicochemical interactions between antigens and antibodies.Gene Expression Regulation: Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control (induction or repression) of gene action at the level of transcription or translation.Antigens, Surface: Antigens on surfaces of cells, including infectious or foreign cells or viruses. They are usually protein-containing groups on cell membranes or walls and may be isolated.Transfection: The uptake of naked or purified DNA by CELLS, usually meaning the process as it occurs in eukaryotic cells. It is analogous to bacterial transformation (TRANSFORMATION, BACTERIAL) and both are routinely employed in GENE TRANSFER TECHNIQUES.Immunoglobulin M: A class of immunoglobulin bearing mu chains (IMMUNOGLOBULIN MU-CHAINS). IgM can fix COMPLEMENT. The name comes from its high molecular weight and originally being called a macroglobulin.Fibroblasts: Connective tissue cells which secrete an extracellular matrix rich in collagen and other macromolecules.Swine: Any of various animals that constitute the family Suidae and comprise stout-bodied, short-legged omnivorous mammals with thick skin, usually covered with coarse bristles, a rather long mobile snout, and small tail. Included are the genera Babyrousa, Phacochoerus (wart hogs), and Sus, the latter containing the domestic pig (see SUS SCROFA).Protein Binding: The process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds. Specific protein-binding measures are often used as assays in diagnostic assessments.Up-Regulation: A positive regulatory effect on physiological processes at the molecular, cellular, or systemic level. At the molecular level, the major regulatory sites include membrane receptors, genes (GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION), mRNAs (RNA, MESSENGER), and proteins.Sequence Homology, Amino Acid: The degree of similarity between sequences of amino acids. This information is useful for the analyzing genetic relatedness of proteins and species.Escherichia coli: A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria (GRAM-NEGATIVE FACULTATIVELY ANAEROBIC RODS) commonly found in the lower part of the intestine of warm-blooded animals. It is usually nonpathogenic, but some strains are known to produce DIARRHEA and pyogenic infections. Pathogenic strains (virotypes) are classified by their specific pathogenic mechanisms such as toxins (ENTEROTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI), etc.Kidney: Body organ that filters blood for the secretion of URINE and that regulates ion concentrations.Glycoproteins: Conjugated protein-carbohydrate compounds including mucins, mucoid, and amyloid glycoproteins.Peptides: Members of the class of compounds composed of AMINO ACIDS joined together by peptide bonds between adjacent amino acids into linear, branched or cyclical structures. OLIGOPEPTIDES are composed of approximately 2-12 amino acids. Polypeptides are composed of approximately 13 or more amino acids. PROTEINS are linear polypeptides that are normally synthesized on RIBOSOMES.Tyrosine: A non-essential amino acid. In animals it is synthesized from PHENYLALANINE. It is also the precursor of EPINEPHRINE; THYROID HORMONES; and melanin.Time Factors: Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.Solute Carrier Family 12, Member 1: Na-K-Cl transporter in the ASCENDING LIMB OF LOOP OF HENLE. It mediates active reabsorption of sodium chloride and is inhibited by LOOP DIURETICS such as FUROSEMIDE; and BUMETANIDE. Mutations in the gene encoding SLC12A1 are associated with a BARTTER SYNDROME.Enzyme Inhibitors: Compounds or agents that combine with an enzyme in such a manner as to prevent the normal substrate-enzyme combination and the catalytic reaction.Cell Fractionation: Techniques to partition various components of the cell into SUBCELLULAR FRACTIONS.Recombinant Fusion Proteins: Recombinant proteins produced by the GENETIC TRANSLATION of fused genes formed by the combination of NUCLEIC ACID REGULATORY SEQUENCES of one or more genes with the protein coding sequences of one or more genes.Microscopy, Fluorescence: Microscopy of specimens stained with fluorescent dye (usually fluorescein isothiocyanate) or of naturally fluorescent materials, which emit light when exposed to ultraviolet or blue light. Immunofluorescence microscopy utilizes antibodies that are labeled with fluorescent dye.Polymerase Chain Reaction: In vitro method for producing large amounts of specific DNA or RNA fragments of defined length and sequence from small amounts of short oligonucleotide flanking sequences (primers). The essential steps include thermal denaturation of the double-stranded target molecules, annealing of the primers to their complementary sequences, and extension of the annealed primers by enzymatic synthesis with DNA polymerase. The reaction is efficient, specific, and extremely sensitive. Uses for the reaction include disease diagnosis, detection of difficult-to-isolate pathogens, mutation analysis, genetic testing, DNA sequencing, and analyzing evolutionary relationships.DNA Primers: Short sequences (generally about 10 base pairs) of DNA that are complementary to sequences of messenger RNA and allow reverse transcriptases to start copying the adjacent sequences of mRNA. Primers are used extensively in genetic and molecular biology techniques.Macromolecular Substances: Compounds and molecular complexes that consist of very large numbers of atoms and are generally over 500 kDa in size. In biological systems macromolecular substances usually can be visualized using ELECTRON MICROSCOPY and are distinguished from ORGANELLES by the lack of a membrane structure.Down-Regulation: A negative regulatory effect on physiological processes at the molecular, cellular, or systemic level. At the molecular level, the major regulatory sites include membrane receptors, genes (GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION), mRNAs (RNA, MESSENGER), and proteins.Dose-Response Relationship, Drug: The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug.Protein Processing, Post-Translational: Any of various enzymatically catalyzed post-translational modifications of PEPTIDES or PROTEINS in the cell of origin. These modifications include carboxylation; HYDROXYLATION; ACETYLATION; PHOSPHORYLATION; METHYLATION; GLYCOSYLATION; ubiquitination; oxidation; proteolysis; and crosslinking and result in changes in molecular weight and electrophoretic motility.DNA, Complementary: Single-stranded complementary DNA synthesized from an RNA template by the action of RNA-dependent DNA polymerase. cDNA (i.e., complementary DNA, not circular DNA, not C-DNA) is used in a variety of molecular cloning experiments as well as serving as a specific hybridization probe.Immunoprecipitation: The aggregation of soluble ANTIGENS with ANTIBODIES, alone or with antibody binding factors such as ANTI-ANTIBODIES or STAPHYLOCOCCAL PROTEIN A, into complexes large enough to fall out of solution.Tissue Distribution: Accumulation of a drug or chemical substance in various organs (including those not relevant to its pharmacologic or therapeutic action). This distribution depends on the blood flow or perfusion rate of the organ, the ability of the drug to penetrate organ membranes, tissue specificity, protein binding. The distribution is usually expressed as tissue to plasma ratios.Kidney Tubules, Collecting: Straight tubes commencing in the radiate part of the kidney cortex where they receive the curved ends of the distal convoluted tubules. In the medulla the collecting tubules of each pyramid converge to join a central tube (duct of Bellini) which opens on the summit of the papilla.Mutation: Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.Antibodies, Helminth: Immunoglobulins produced in a response to HELMINTH ANTIGENS.Cell Nucleus: Within a eukaryotic cell, a membrane-limited body which contains chromosomes and one or more nucleoli (CELL NUCLEOLUS). The nuclear membrane consists of a double unit-type membrane which is perforated by a number of pores; the outermost membrane is continuous with the ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM. A cell may contain more than one nucleus. (From Singleton & Sainsbury, Dictionary of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, 2d ed)Peptide Mapping: Analysis of PEPTIDES that are generated from the digestion or fragmentation of a protein or mixture of PROTEINS, by ELECTROPHORESIS; CHROMATOGRAPHY; or MASS SPECTROMETRY. The resulting peptide fingerprints are analyzed for a variety of purposes including the identification of the proteins in a sample, GENETIC POLYMORPHISMS, patterns of gene expression, and patterns diagnostic for diseases.Sodium-Potassium-Chloride Symporters: A subclass of symporters that specifically transport SODIUM CHLORIDE and/or POTASSIUM CHLORIDE across cellular membranes in a tightly coupled process.Brain: The part of CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that is contained within the skull (CRANIUM). Arising from the NEURAL TUBE, the embryonic brain is comprised of three major parts including PROSENCEPHALON (the forebrain); MESENCEPHALON (the midbrain); and RHOMBENCEPHALON (the hindbrain). The developed brain consists of CEREBRUM; CEREBELLUM; and other structures in the BRAIN STEM.Cell Proliferation: All of the processes involved in increasing CELL NUMBER including CELL DIVISION.Protein-Tyrosine Kinases: Protein kinases that catalyze the PHOSPHORYLATION of TYROSINE residues in proteins with ATP or other nucleotides as phosphate donors.Epithelial Cells: Cells that line the inner and outer surfaces of the body by forming cellular layers (EPITHELIUM) or masses. Epithelial cells lining the SKIN; the MOUTH; the NOSE; and the ANAL CANAL derive from ectoderm; those lining the RESPIRATORY SYSTEM and the DIGESTIVE SYSTEM derive from endoderm; others (CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM and LYMPHATIC SYSTEM) derive from mesoderm. Epithelial cells can be classified mainly by cell shape and function into squamous, glandular and transitional epithelial cells.Membrane Glycoproteins: Glycoproteins found on the membrane or surface of cells.Protein Isoforms: Different forms of a protein that may be produced from different GENES, or from the same gene by ALTERNATIVE SPLICING.Microscopy, Confocal: A light microscopic technique in which only a small spot is illuminated and observed at a time. An image is constructed through point-by-point scanning of the field in this manner. Light sources may be conventional or laser, and fluorescence or transmitted observations are possible.Myocardium: The muscle tissue of the HEART. It is composed of striated, involuntary muscle cells (MYOCYTES, CARDIAC) connected to form the contractile pump to generate blood flow.Lipopolysaccharides: Lipid-containing polysaccharides which are endotoxins and important group-specific antigens. They are often derived from the cell wall of gram-negative bacteria and induce immunoglobulin secretion. The lipopolysaccharide molecule consists of three parts: LIPID A, core polysaccharide, and O-specific chains (O ANTIGENS). When derived from Escherichia coli, lipopolysaccharides serve as polyclonal B-cell mitogens commonly used in laboratory immunology. (From Dorland, 28th ed)Aquaporin 3: Aquaporin 3 is an aquaglyceroporin that is expressed in the KIDNEY COLLECTING DUCTS and is constitutively localized at the basolateral MEMBRANE.Aquaporin 1: Aquaporin 1 forms a water-specific channel that is constitutively expressed at the PLASMA MEMBRANE of ERYTHROCYTES and KIDNEY TUBULES, PROXIMAL. It provides these cells with a high permeability to WATER. In humans polymorphisms of this protein result in the Colton blood group antigen.Antigen-Antibody Complex: The complex formed by the binding of antigen and antibody molecules. The deposition of large antigen-antibody complexes leading to tissue damage causes IMMUNE COMPLEX DISEASES.Cricetinae: A subfamily in the family MURIDAE, comprising the hamsters. Four of the more common genera are Cricetus, CRICETULUS; MESOCRICETUS; and PHODOPUS.Solubility: The ability of a substance to be dissolved, i.e. to form a solution with another substance. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)Epitope Mapping: Methods used for studying the interactions of antibodies with specific regions of protein antigens. Important applications of epitope mapping are found within the area of immunochemistry.Antigens, Fungal: Substances of fungal origin that have antigenic activity.Neoplasm Proteins: Proteins whose abnormal expression (gain or loss) are associated with the development, growth, or progression of NEOPLASMS. Some neoplasm proteins are tumor antigens (ANTIGENS, NEOPLASM), i.e. they induce an immune reaction to their tumor. Many neoplasm proteins have been characterized and are used as tumor markers (BIOMARKERS, TUMOR) when they are detectable in cells and body fluids as monitors for the presence or growth of tumors. Abnormal expression of ONCOGENE PROTEINS is involved in neoplastic transformation, whereas the loss of expression of TUMOR SUPPRESSOR PROTEINS is involved with the loss of growth control and progression of the neoplasm.Protein Kinase C: An serine-threonine protein kinase that requires the presence of physiological concentrations of CALCIUM and membrane PHOSPHOLIPIDS. The additional presence of DIACYLGLYCEROLS markedly increases its sensitivity to both calcium and phospholipids. The sensitivity of the enzyme can also be increased by PHORBOL ESTERS and it is believed that protein kinase C is the receptor protein of tumor-promoting phorbol esters.Cytosol: Intracellular fluid from the cytoplasm after removal of ORGANELLES and other insoluble cytoplasmic components.Mice, Inbred C57BLPhosphotyrosine: An amino acid that occurs in endogenous proteins. Tyrosine phosphorylation and dephosphorylation plays a role in cellular signal transduction and possibly in cell growth control and carcinogenesis.Immunoelectrophoresis: A technique that combines protein electrophoresis and double immunodiffusion. In this procedure proteins are first separated by gel electrophoresis (usually agarose), then made visible by immunodiffusion of specific antibodies. A distinct elliptical precipitin arc results for each protein detectable by the antisera.Radioimmunoprecipitation Assay: Sensitive assay using radiolabeled ANTIGENS to detect specific ANTIBODIES in SERUM. The antigens are allowed to react with the serum and then precipitated using a special reagent such as PROTEIN A sepharose beads. The bound radiolabeled immunoprecipitate is then commonly analyzed by gel electrophoresis.Proteomics: The systematic study of the complete complement of proteins (PROTEOME) of organisms.Immunoglobulin E: An immunoglobulin associated with MAST CELLS. Overexpression has been associated with allergic hypersensitivity (HYPERSENSITIVITY, IMMEDIATE).Blotting, Northern: Detection of RNA that has been electrophoretically separated and immobilized by blotting on nitrocellulose or other type of paper or nylon membrane followed by hybridization with labeled NUCLEIC ACID PROBES.HeLa Cells: The first continuously cultured human malignant CELL LINE, derived from the cervical carcinoma of Henrietta Lacks. These cells are used for VIRUS CULTIVATION and antitumor drug screening assays.Sensitivity and Specificity: Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)Cytoskeletal Proteins: Major constituent of the cytoskeleton found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells. They form a flexible framework for the cell, provide attachment points for organelles and formed bodies, and make communication between parts of the cell possible.Antigens, Protozoan: Any part or derivative of any protozoan that elicits immunity; malaria (Plasmodium) and trypanosome antigens are presently the most frequently encountered.Disease Models, Animal: Naturally occurring or experimentally induced animal diseases with pathological processes sufficiently similar to those of human diseases. They are used as study models for human diseases.Chromatography, Gel: Chromatography on non-ionic gels without regard to the mechanism of solute discrimination.Antigens, Helminth: Any part or derivative of a helminth that elicits an immune reaction. The most commonly seen helminth antigens are those of the schistosomes.Gnathostoma: A genus of parasitic nematodes that occurs in mammals including man. Infection in humans is either by larvae penetrating the skin or by ingestion of uncooked fish.Antibodies, Antinuclear: Autoantibodies directed against various nuclear antigens including DNA, RNA, histones, acidic nuclear proteins, or complexes of these molecular elements. Antinuclear antibodies are found in systemic autoimmune diseases including systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjogren's syndrome, scleroderma, polymyositis, and mixed connective tissue disease.Biological Transport: The movement of materials (including biochemical substances and drugs) through a biological system at the cellular level. The transport can be across cell membranes and epithelial layers. It also can occur within intracellular compartments and extracellular compartments.Rats, Inbred Strains: Genetically identical individuals developed from brother and sister matings which have been carried out for twenty or more generations or by parent x offspring matings carried out with certain restrictions. This also includes animals with a long history of closed colony breeding.Cell Division: The fission of a CELL. It includes CYTOKINESIS, when the CYTOPLASM of a cell is divided, and CELL NUCLEUS DIVISION.Lyme Disease: An infectious disease caused by a spirochete, BORRELIA BURGDORFERI, which is transmitted chiefly by Ixodes dammini (see IXODES) and pacificus ticks in the United States and Ixodes ricinis (see IXODES) in Europe. It is a disease with early and late cutaneous manifestations plus involvement of the nervous system, heart, eye, and joints in variable combinations. The disease was formerly known as Lyme arthritis and first discovered at Old Lyme, Connecticut.Hybridomas: Cells artificially created by fusion of activated lymphocytes with neoplastic cells. The resulting hybrid cells are cloned and produce pure MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES or T-cell products, identical to those produced by the immunologically competent parent cell.Keratins: A class of fibrous proteins or scleroproteins that represents the principal constituent of EPIDERMIS; HAIR; NAILS; horny tissues, and the organic matrix of tooth ENAMEL. Two major conformational groups have been characterized, alpha-keratin, whose peptide backbone forms a coiled-coil alpha helical structure consisting of TYPE I KERATIN and a TYPE II KERATIN, and beta-keratin, whose backbone forms a zigzag or pleated sheet structure. alpha-Keratins have been classified into at least 20 subtypes. In addition multiple isoforms of subtypes have been found which may be due to GENE DUPLICATION.Mass Spectrometry: An analytical method used in determining the identity of a chemical based on its mass using mass analyzers/mass spectrometers.Borrelia burgdorferi Group: Gram-negative helical bacteria, in the genus BORRELIA, that are the etiologic agents of LYME DISEASE. The group comprises many specific species including Borrelia afzelii, Borellia garinii, and BORRELIA BURGDORFERI proper. These spirochetes are generally transmitted by several species of ixodid ticks.Sodium Chloride Symporters: A subclass of symporters found in KIDNEY TUBULES, DISTAL that are the major pathway for salt resorption. Inhibition of these symporters by BENZOTHIADIAZINES is the basis of action of some DIURETICS.Isoelectric Point: The pH in solutions of proteins and related compounds at which the dipolar ions are at a maximum.Chickens: Common name for the species Gallus gallus, the domestic fowl, in the family Phasianidae, order GALLIFORMES. It is descended from the red jungle fowl of SOUTHEAST ASIA.Antibodies, Protozoan: Immunoglobulins produced in a response to PROTOZOAN ANTIGENS.Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary: FIBROSIS of the hepatic parenchyma due to obstruction of BILE flow (CHOLESTASIS) in the intrahepatic or extrahepatic bile ducts (BILE DUCTS, INTRAHEPATIC; BILE DUCTS, EXTRAHEPATIC). Primary biliary cirrhosis involves the destruction of small intra-hepatic bile ducts and bile secretion. Secondary biliary cirrhosis is produced by prolonged obstruction of large intrahepatic or extrahepatic bile ducts from a variety of causes.Kidney Medulla: The internal portion of the kidney, consisting of striated conical masses, the renal pyramids, whose bases are adjacent to the cortex and whose apices form prominent papillae projecting into the lumen of the minor calyces.Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic: Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action in enzyme synthesis.Cytoplasm: The part of a cell that contains the CYTOSOL and small structures excluding the CELL NUCLEUS; MITOCHONDRIA; and large VACUOLES. (Glick, Glossary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 1990)GTP-Binding Proteins: Regulatory proteins that act as molecular switches. They control a wide range of biological processes including: receptor signaling, intracellular signal transduction pathways, and protein synthesis. Their activity is regulated by factors that control their ability to bind to and hydrolyze GTP to GDP. EC 3.6.1.-.Phenotype: The outward appearance of the individual. It is the product of interactions between genes, and between the GENOTYPE and the environment.Plasmids: Extrachromosomal, usually CIRCULAR DNA molecules that are self-replicating and transferable from one organism to another. They are found in a variety of bacterial, archaeal, fungal, algal, and plant species. They are used in GENETIC ENGINEERING as CLONING VECTORS.Toxoplasmosis, Ocular: Infection caused by the protozoan parasite TOXOPLASMA in which there is extensive connective tissue proliferation, the retina surrounding the lesions remains normal, and the ocular media remain clear. Chorioretinitis may be associated with all forms of toxoplasmosis, but is usually a late sequel of congenital toxoplasmosis. The severe ocular lesions in infants may lead to blindness.Food Hypersensitivity: Gastrointestinal disturbances, skin eruptions, or shock due to allergic reactions to allergens in food.Heat-Shock Proteins: Proteins which are synthesized in eukaryotic organisms and bacteria in response to hyperthermia and other environmental stresses. They increase thermal tolerance and perform functions essential to cell survival under these conditions.Glycosylation: The chemical or biochemical addition of carbohydrate or glycosyl groups to other chemicals, especially peptides or proteins. Glycosyl transferases are used in this biochemical reaction.Immunologic Tests: Immunologic techniques involved in diagnosis.Allergens: Antigen-type substances that produce immediate hypersensitivity (HYPERSENSITIVITY, IMMEDIATE).RNA, Small Interfering: Small double-stranded, non-protein coding RNAs (21-31 nucleotides) involved in GENE SILENCING functions, especially RNA INTERFERENCE (RNAi). Endogenously, siRNAs are generated from dsRNAs (RNA, DOUBLE-STRANDED) by the same ribonuclease, Dicer, that generates miRNAs (MICRORNAS). The perfect match of the siRNAs' antisense strand to their target RNAs mediates RNAi by siRNA-guided RNA cleavage. siRNAs fall into different classes including trans-acting siRNA (tasiRNA), repeat-associated RNA (rasiRNA), small-scan RNA (scnRNA), and Piwi protein-interacting RNA (piRNA) and have different specific gene silencing functions.Flow Cytometry: Technique using an instrument system for making, processing, and displaying one or more measurements on individual cells obtained from a cell suspension. Cells are usually stained with one or more fluorescent dyes specific to cell components of interest, e.g., DNA, and fluorescence of each cell is measured as it rapidly transverses the excitation beam (laser or mercury arc lamp). Fluorescence provides a quantitative measure of various biochemical and biophysical properties of the cell, as well as a basis for cell sorting. Other measurable optical parameters include light absorption and light scattering, the latter being applicable to the measurement of cell size, shape, density, granularity, and stain uptake.Scleroderma, Systemic: A chronic multi-system disorder of CONNECTIVE TISSUE. It is characterized by SCLEROSIS in the SKIN, the LUNGS, the HEART, the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT, the KIDNEYS, and the MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM. Other important features include diseased small BLOOD VESSELS and AUTOANTIBODIES. The disorder is named for its most prominent feature (hard skin), and classified into subsets by the extent of skin thickening: LIMITED SCLERODERMA and DIFFUSE SCLERODERMA.Chromatography, Ion Exchange: Separation technique in which the stationary phase consists of ion exchange resins. The resins contain loosely held small ions that easily exchange places with other small ions of like charge present in solutions washed over the resins.Actins: Filamentous proteins that are the main constituent of the thin filaments of muscle fibers. The filaments (known also as filamentous or F-actin) can be dissociated into their globular subunits; each subunit is composed of a single polypeptide 375 amino acids long. This is known as globular or G-actin. In conjunction with MYOSINS, actin is responsible for the contraction and relaxation of muscle.Nerve Tissue ProteinsCalcium-Binding Proteins: Proteins to which calcium ions are bound. They can act as transport proteins, regulator proteins, or activator proteins. They typically contain EF HAND MOTIFS.Genes, Bacterial: The functional hereditary units of BACTERIA.Intracellular Membranes: Thin structures that encapsulate subcellular structures or ORGANELLES in EUKARYOTIC CELLS. They include a variety of membranes associated with the CELL NUCLEUS; the MITOCHONDRIA; the GOLGI APPARATUS; the ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM; LYSOSOMES; PLASTIDS; and VACUOLES.Intermediate Filament Proteins: Filaments 7-11 nm in diameter found in the cytoplasm of all cells. Many specific proteins belong to this group, e.g., desmin, vimentin, prekeratin, decamin, skeletin, neurofilin, neurofilament protein, and glial fibrillary acid protein.DNA-Binding Proteins: Proteins which bind to DNA. The family includes proteins which bind to both double- and single-stranded DNA and also includes specific DNA binding proteins in serum which can be used as markers for malignant diseases.Epithelium: One or more layers of EPITHELIAL CELLS, supported by the basal lamina, which covers the inner or outer surfaces of the body.Calcium: A basic element found in nearly all organized tissues. It is a member of the alkaline earth family of metals with the atomic symbol Ca, atomic number 20, and atomic weight 40. Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body and combines with phosphorus to form calcium phosphate in the bones and teeth. It is essential for the normal functioning of nerves and muscles and plays a role in blood coagulation (as factor IV) and in many enzymatic processes.Mitochondria: Semiautonomous, self-reproducing organelles that occur in the cytoplasm of all cells of most, but not all, eukaryotes. Each mitochondrion is surrounded by a double limiting membrane. The inner membrane is highly invaginated, and its projections are called cristae. Mitochondria are the sites of the reactions of oxidative phosphorylation, which result in the formation of ATP. They contain distinctive RIBOSOMES, transfer RNAs (RNA, TRANSFER); AMINO ACYL T RNA SYNTHETASES; and elongation and termination factors. Mitochondria depend upon genes within the nucleus of the cells in which they reside for many essential messenger RNAs (RNA, MESSENGER). Mitochondria are believed to have arisen from aerobic bacteria that established a symbiotic relationship with primitive protoeukaryotes. (King & Stansfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)Immunoglobulin A: Represents 15-20% of the human serum immunoglobulins, mostly as the 4-chain polymer in humans or dimer in other mammals. Secretory IgA (IMMUNOGLOBULIN A, SECRETORY) is the main immunoglobulin in secretions.Antigens: Substances that are recognized by the immune system and induce an immune reaction.Cell Survival: The span of viability of a cell characterized by the capacity to perform certain functions such as metabolism, growth, reproduction, some form of responsiveness, and adaptability.Caspase 3: A short pro-domain caspase that plays an effector role in APOPTOSIS. It is activated by INITIATOR CASPASES such as CASPASE 9. Isoforms of this protein exist due to multiple alternative splicing of its MESSENGER RNA.Deamino Arginine Vasopressin: A synthetic analog of the pituitary hormone, ARGININE VASOPRESSIN. Its action is mediated by the VASOPRESSIN receptor V2. It has prolonged antidiuretic activity, but little pressor effects. It also modulates levels of circulating FACTOR VIII and VON WILLEBRAND FACTOR.Protein Transport: The process of moving proteins from one cellular compartment (including extracellular) to another by various sorting and transport mechanisms such as gated transport, protein translocation, and vesicular transport.Pemphigoid, Bullous: A chronic and relatively benign subepidermal blistering disease usually of the elderly and without histopathologic acantholysis.Organ Specificity: Characteristic restricted to a particular organ of the body, such as a cell type, metabolic response or expression of a particular protein or antigen.Collagen: A polypeptide substance comprising about one third of the total protein in mammalian organisms. It is the main constituent of SKIN; CONNECTIVE TISSUE; and the organic substance of bones (BONE AND BONES) and teeth (TOOTH).Dogs: The domestic dog, Canis familiaris, comprising about 400 breeds, of the carnivore family CANIDAE. They are worldwide in distribution and live in association with people. (Walker's Mammals of the World, 5th ed, p1065)Microsomes: Artifactual vesicles formed from the endoplasmic reticulum when cells are disrupted. They are isolated by differential centrifugation and are composed of three structural features: rough vesicles, smooth vesicles, and ribosomes. Numerous enzyme activities are associated with the microsomal fraction. (Glick, Glossary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 1990; from Rieger et al., Glossary of Genetics: Classical and Molecular, 5th ed)Cell Differentiation: Progressive restriction of the developmental potential and increasing specialization of function that leads to the formation of specialized cells, tissues, and organs.Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt: A protein-serine-threonine kinase that is activated by PHOSPHORYLATION in response to GROWTH FACTORS or INSULIN. It plays a major role in cell metabolism, growth, and survival as a core component of SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION. Three isoforms have been described in mammalian cells.Brain Chemistry: Changes in the amounts of various chemicals (neurotransmitters, receptors, enzymes, and other metabolites) specific to the area of the central nervous system contained within the head. These are monitored over time, during sensory stimulation, or under different disease states.Spirurida Infections: Infections with nematodes of the order SPIRURIDA.Serotyping: Process of determining and distinguishing species of bacteria or viruses based on antigens they share.Binding Sites: The parts of a macromolecule that directly participate in its specific combination with another molecule.DNA: A deoxyribonucleotide polymer that is the primary genetic material of all cells. Eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms normally contain DNA in a double-stranded state, yet several important biological processes transiently involve single-stranded regions. DNA, which consists of a polysugar-phosphate backbone possessing projections of purines (adenine and guanine) and pyrimidines (thymine and cytosine), forms a double helix that is held together by hydrogen bonds between these purines and pyrimidines (adenine to thymine and guanine to cytosine).Solute Carrier Family 12, Member 3: Na-Cl cotransporter in the convoluted segments of the DISTAL KIDNEY TUBULE. It mediates active reabsorption of sodium and chloride and is inhibited by THIAZIDE DIURETICS.Polyuria: Urination of a large volume of urine with an increase in urinary frequency, commonly seen in diabetes (DIABETES MELLITUS; DIABETES INSIPIDUS).Muscle Proteins: The protein constituents of muscle, the major ones being ACTINS and MYOSINS. More than a dozen accessory proteins exist including TROPONIN; TROPOMYOSIN; and DYSTROPHIN.Cell Compartmentation: A partitioning within cells due to the selectively permeable membranes which enclose each of the separate parts, e.g., mitochondria, lysosomes, etc.Antibodies, Viral: Immunoglobulins produced in response to VIRAL ANTIGENS.


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Tips for Pregnant Moms During Summer
If you are pregnant and you are looking for ideas/tips to keep you calm and soothing during summer. Then you are on the right blog. Here I am going to share some tips which I was followed during my Pregnancy. Believe me, it's not a piece of cake, especially in summer.
Summer is hard enough to tolerate. But if you are pregnant it can be cruel. That was a very tough time for me. When I was pregnant with Yashi.I conceived in April 2012 when summer start and Yashi was born in January 2013. So, you can see my mostly pregnancy time was summertime. Personally, it was like torture for that person who doesn't like summer at all. So, if you are pregnant in summer like me. And you want to how to deal with it you are on the right blog. Especially summertime.
The heat of summer is very intolerable. Distinctly for pregnant moms. It's because that time our blood flow is higher than normal body.
That's why a pregnant woman also tolerates a sudden fluctuation raise of body temperature. Specifically in the summer sometime it gets worse. You know what it's not safe for the fetus and expected mom.
That's why it's really important to maintain body temperature and take care of pregnant moms.
Here are a few tips which really gonna help you during your pregnancy.
Keep yourself hydrated:
Keep yourself hydrated by drink plenty of fluids. You have to drink 8-10 glass of water daily or more.
It is also essential to add more juices, smoothies, milk in the diet.
Buttermilk is also very good for health.
Coconut water is a very good source for control body heat during pregnancy. You can drink 1-2 coconut water every day.
Never forget to carry a water bottle when you go outside.
Eat healthy / Light meal:
Never take too heavy meals in summer, especially if you are pregnant. A heavy meal can cause heartburn, Eating light and healthy meals to help keep calm the body temperature during pregnancy. Eat small meals always choose healthy options do not eat too much spicy, fried and too much hot food.
Fresh fruits and vegetables:
Fresh fruits are very important for expected moms like watermelon is the best food to reduce body heat in summer. It contains a good amount of water which helps to keep the body hydrated during pregnancy. Watermelon also helps to reduce morning sickness and heartburn during pregnancy. Berries are full of fiber, vitamin C, folate and carbohydrates. You can add them in yogurt or you can make smoothies and shakes if you like. Berries are summer season fruit you can choose whatever berry you want. Like raspberries, strawberries, blueberries, and blackberries. In summer, mango is here which is a good source of vitamin C and vitamin A. Add fresh vegetables in your diet in salad form, soups, vegetable smoothies, and juices. Cucumber also contains a good amount of water and it provides a cooling effect for the body which is good if you are an expected mom. There are more fruits and vegetables you can add in your daily diet like apple, avocado, pomegranates, banana, kale, spinach, mint, tomatoes, zucchini, etc. You can add them to your diet.
Try to do your work in the early morning hours:
Summer heat makes us more tired. Especially for if you are an expected mom. So when I was pregnant, I always tried to do my daily work in the early morning hours or in the evenings.
Do not eat too much salty food:
Try not to take too much salty food packaged food. Because salty food makes you lose water and you feel more thirsty. Never eat too many chips, crackers, cookies, and pasta during pregnancy. Try to avoid pickles and sauces if you are a pregnant mom because they contain a high amount of salt.
Less Intake of Caffeine:
If you are pregnant, then you have to less intake of caffeine in your diet. Like tea, coffee, etc. If possible and you can. Do not drink too much tea or coffee. Because caffeine makes you less sleepy and restless. You feel discomfort if you take too much caffeine. Especially In summers. You can take 1-2 cup tea/coffee in a day. Don't drink tea/coffee in hot hours (12 pm -4 pm) and late at night. In my personal experience if you completely avoid caffeine in summers it is very good for the expected mother and her baby. Because of the mother's behavior and feelings completely affect her baby. So, please don't.
Try to avoid or less outdoor during noon:
I am not saying do not go outside. Being outdoors good during pregnancy. It is good to get some fresh air. It helps you feel relaxed but try not to go outside during hot summer days. You can go outside in the early morning and evening. Especially avoid going out during the peak hours when Sun's rays are strong like 12 PM to 4 PM.
Do Meditation:
Whenever you feel uncomfortable, uneasy and overstressed. You can do some meditation, it helps you to keep your mind calm and regulate your blood flow. When I was pregnant, I always try to do some meditation Because of hormone changes in pregnancy, Sometimes we feel very restless and apprehensive. It keeps us calm and composure. Meditation is good for mother and baby too. Do it in your comfort zone.
Do not forget to take an afternoon nap:
In the summertime, because of heat, pregnant mom feels more tired and uncomfortable. So never forget to take a short nap during the day. It really helps you to keep yourself comfortable.
Wear cozy and comfortable Clothes :
This is the best way to avoid the heat. Always wear comfortable and breathable clothes. Always choose the light and bright color fabric. Because the dark color makes you feel hotter and you feel restless. When I was pregnant, I bought a few gowns that were very comfortable and easy to carry.
Always wear comfortable flip-flop/footwear:
The comfortable flip-flop is always must need during pregnancy. If you want to avoid back pain and foot pain because of the flip-flop. Try to choose lightweight and more comfortable footwear. When I was pregnant, I bought the doctor sole footwear. Because they were very comfortable and stable.
Reduce swelling on foot:
During pregnancy, a pregnant mom faces many changes in her body. Sometimes we feel swelling feet issue in pregnancy. If you want to reduce swelling, try to decrease the intake of too much salt. Because excess salt intake can be the reason for water retention. Putting feet up helps reduce swelling and helps to improve blood circulation. You can massage if you like. Massage is also really very helpful to reduce swelling.
Take Proper Diet:
In pregnancy, a mom needs more nutrition because she has to take care of herself as well as her baby. If a pregnant mom doesn't take proper diet, it can affect her health and her baby's growth. If you are a pregnant mom you need to take care a few things. Like
Eat easy to digest light, fresh and balanced diet
Less intake of sweets, candies because these are heavy and tough to digest. It contains lots of sugar.
Never eat too much spicy food.
Always try to intake at least 750 ml of milk in the daily diet. If you are allergic to dairy products. You can take soybean milk, almond milk & coconut milk. Add yogurt and paneer in your daily diet. You can add fruits and vegetables in yogurt. Like the pomegranate, apple, banana, cucumber, beetroot, bottle guard, tomatoes, etc.
Take 2-3 fruits daily. You can take fresh fruit and vegetable juices. It helps to keep your body temperature cool during summers. Especially in summer, there are many fruits which contain a good amount of water. Like Watermelon, musk melon, etc.
Most Important never skip your meal. Always take your meal on time
Swimming or Take a proper bath with cool water:
In summer take a cool water bath makes you feel more comfortable and calm. Swimming also helps a pregnant mom to feel a lot more pleasant. If you can't go out for swimming in the swimming pool, you can enjoy a cool water bath in your bathtub at home. Water therapy is very good to keep calm your body temperature during a summer pregnancy.
Do Light Yoga and Exercise:
When I was pregnant, I never stopped to do some light yoga and exercise. Believe me, it's really helpful. It helps you to keep active and calm during pregnancy. Which is very good for a pregnant mom. Some tips you have to follow if you are doing yoga and exercise during pregnancy.
Always do easy and light yoga and exercise.
During summer exercise should be done in the early morning and evening.
Do not make yourself tired and restless.
Do not force yourself if you are not comfortable.
Do it light and in your comfort zone.
Go for a morning walk:
If it's possible, try to go for an early morning walk daily. Fresh air is really very important for mom and baby. It helps you to keep you calm and stable your body temperature. Go for a little walk momma. Meet people talk to them make friends. It helps you calm your mind. Which is most important during pregnancy.
I hope this blog helps you if you are feeling restless, uncomfortable and uneasy in your summer pregnancy. Feel free to ask me if you have any other issues during your summer pregnancy. I am happy to help you, momma. Take Care Momma.
This blog post is a part of the #Letblogwithpri blog train hosted by Prisha Lalwani, an author at MUMMASAURUS I would like to Thank for Maitri Verma introducing me in the blog train. You can read her blog HERE.I would like to introduce Cindy. Read her blog HERE.
Hosted By: Prisha Lalwani Mummasaurus.com IG: @mummasaurus1 FB: /mummasaurus1


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Industrial mechanic
Industrial mechanics produce the most different devices and production plants, they establish or reconstruction them.
They supervise and optimise manufacturing processes and take over repair work and servicing works.
The period of training amounts 3 1/2 years.
Technical Product Designer
Technical product designers help in the creation of technical products and utensils. They provide draughts, drawings, construction documents and technical documentations by means of special software, in particular to CAD programmes in 3D-technology. With the help of pencils and drawing paper they make the first sketches and draughts of products or product parts.
The period of training amounts 3 1/2 years.
Industrial Electronics Technician
Industrial Electronics Technican instal, electric company arrangements, production arrangements and procedure arrangements, from switch arrangements and tax arrangements wait and repair over arrangements of the energy supply up to facilities of the communication technology and lighting system.
The period of training amounts 3 1/2 years.
Computer Science Expert Subject Area: System Integration
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Im Engelfeld 10
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Tel. +49 8323 9651 0
Fax. +49 8323 9651 91


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Homily: The Most Holy Trinity – Cycle B
One of the fundamental questions of life is one with which both young and old struggle. Normally the question comes up during some sort of life crisis or during some "liminal" moment in a person's life: in other words, moments when the future of one's life isn't clear and that person is faced with making a decision that will determine the course of the next stage of his/her life. That question? "What is the purpose of life?" Or, put more simply, "What am I here for?"
For the young, this is a vocational question, right? As we grow into adulthood, we all gain a sense that we were put on this earth to do something and that our task is to discover what it is that we have been called to do. Modern culture has made this difficult for young people because it tells them that there are no guiding principles on which to base your decision. "The sky is the limit" we tell them. "Follow your dreams" …even though we know that dreams are fickle and that not everyone has the capacity to reach the sky. It's sad to see someone who has made it into their thirties, who has pursued their "dreams", but yet finds him/herself adrift, still feeling like he/she doesn't know what the purpose of his/her life is.
For the elderly, the struggle can be just as real. I've made it an effort during my time here to visit with our homebound parishioners and many of them express a feeling of purposelessness, too. They'll say to me: "Father, I just don't know why I'm still here." They've worked, raised a family, and tried to be active in retirement, but now their health is limiting their ability to tangibly contribute to their community and so they start to question: "What am I here for?"
This latter case is a bit surprising as many of our older Catholics grew up in the Church that taught the "Baltimore Catechism" almost exclusively. This catechism provided the fundamental truths about life, about God, and about our relationship to him and the world in a straight-forward, question and answer format. One of those questions was "Why did God make you?" (In other words, "What are you here for?") And the answer… does anybody here remember the answer? The answer is this: "God made me to know Him, to love Him, and to serve Him in this world, and to be happy with Him forever in the next." There it is, friends. This is our guiding principle. Simple, right?
Yes, it is. But we all know that when an unknown future or adversity squares its face against us that we can often forget this: the purpose for which we were made. In a sense, we "can't see the forest for the trees". Therefore, as we've returned to Ordinary Time after our long and joy-filled Easter celebration, the Church gives us this Sunday, Trinity Sunday, in order to bring us back to our roots and to help us step out on mission once again. In celebrating who God is, in Himself—three Divine Persons in one unified Godhead—we are reminded of that fundamental relationship that directs our lives: that our lives come from God and are directed towards God. Today's scriptures reinforce this fact.
In our first reading from the book of Deuteronomy, the Israelites have been wandering through the desert for 40 years and are on the cusp of entering the land into which God had promised to bring them, and Moses exhorts them to remember who God is when they enter the land. He recounts how God had made himself known to them, his chosen people, by powerful signs and by leading them forth from slavery and he says, "This is why you must now know, and fix in your heart, that the Lord is God in the heavens above and on earth below, and that there is no other." In other words, Moses is exhorting them to know God; and to know him through the gracious way that he has cared for them throughout their 40-year exodus.
This, too, is how we come to know God: by remembering how he has worked: both in our own lives, those unique ways that his graciousness has touched each of us, and throughout history, starting with the Bible and the history of the Church, especially in the lives of the saints. This Trinity Sunday, we can commit ourselves to know God better by committing ourselves to studying the Bible and some of the great spiritual works of saints, both old and new. The spiritual biographies/autobiographies of holy men and women like Saint Augustine, Saint Theresa of Avila, Saint Terese of Lisieux, Dorothy Day, Thomas Merton, Saint Theresa of Calcutta, and Saint John Paul II are just a few worth considering. Knowing God is the basis for loving God. Thus, this is an indispensable step to fulfilling our purpose in life.
In the second reading, we hear Saint Paul speaking about the "Spirit of adoption" that we have all received. He goes on to say that it is the Spirit himself that witnesses to the fact that we are now children of God. As adopted sons and daughters of God (and, therefore, brothers and sisters of Christ), we are endowed with the grace of being loved by God as his beloved children. In fact, as brothers and sisters of Christ himself—the Second Person of the Holy Trinity—we are caught up in the eternal outpouring of love that the Father makes to the Son and the Son returns to the Father, and which eternally explodes forth and pours out into the universe in the form of the Holy Spirit.
Therefore, we love God as Christ loves the Father: by receiving the love that is poured out to us and by returning that love with an outpouring of our lives. This love is expressed in adoration: which we can do privately, in our personal prayer time at home, lifting our minds and hearts to him, praising him for who he is and his glory that shines forth in the universe, and also publicly, like when we gather for the Eucharist or Adoration of the Blessed Sacrament. These are acts of devotion, sprung forth from our knowledge of who he is and of his great love for us as his adopted sons and daughters. It is this love for God that, then, impels us into service.
In the Gospel reading, Jesus gives his disciples the "Great Commission". On this Trinity Sunday, we should certainly hear this command to baptize "in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit" as a revelation of who God is, in himself. But in the context of this homily, it should also be heard as the commission to service. Having spent three years with Christ as he preached and worked miracles, then having been witnesses to his Passion, Death, and Resurrection, Christ's disciples knew and loved him. Now, they were being shown how they would serve him: "Go and make disciples of all nations…" And that they did. With great love and devotion, they poured out their lives in service of the Gospel so that all peoples would come to know, love, and serve God in this world, and be happy with him forever in the next.
We serve God when we seek out the particular way that God has called each of us to fulfill this great commission and then strive to live it. When we know and, therefore, love him, we offer ourselves generously and seek a way of life that allows us to serve the building of his kingdom here on earth by working towards the good of others. For some that means clerical state (that is, priesthood or the diaconate) or the religious life. For most that will mean a career in some kind of trade or business and then, perhaps, raising a family. In all, the question is not "what do I want to do?" (because if you know and love God, you want to serve him!), but rather, "what is God calling me to do?" You will already know your purpose, but the answer to the latter question will show you how you are going to fulfill that purpose.
And if you're elderly and you've completed your career and your children are all grown and off on their own and if your health doesn't allow for you to participate much in the life of your family, parish, or community… what is your purpose then? It is still to know, love, and serve God in this world, and to be happy with him forever in the next. Living out the last years of your life still striving to know God and love him more deeply, and still striving to serve him by praying and offering your sufferings for the conversion of sinners and the release of souls from purgatory, you will be fulfilling your purpose in life and you will become a saint.
Friends, as we celebrate this great feast honoring God for who he is, in himself, may we commit ourselves to know him more completely, to love him more profoundly, and to serve him with our whole lives, regardless of the state in which we find ourselves; so that we, too, may one day share in the fullness of Divine Love that God is in himself: a foretaste of which we experience here in this Holy Eucharist.
Given at All Saints Parish: Logansport, IN – May 26th & 27th, 2018


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Jonathan Calls for More Prayers
President Goodluck Jonathan says that Nigeria can be a better place to live in when those in authority utilize their positions and big names they bear in the interest of the nation.
The President made this statement while responding to the preaching by the senior pastor of the Dunamis International Gospel Centre, in Federal Capital Territory Abuja.
The president commended the church for interceding on behalf of the country in the midst of daunting challenges and asked them not to relent.
The pastor of the church, Dr. Paul Eneche said it is possible to be blessed in Nigeria by being upright.
In his goodwill message, the president said he appreciates the intercessory prayers from the church at a time when the nation is having its own fair share of challenges and on the message of the day the president said Nigeria can be a better place when people respect the names they bear
Dr. Eneche further prayed for greater strength upon the president as he leads a nation as diverse as Nigeria. "A country that is more generous in condemnation than in commendation" he added.


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Chromag 2011
As you might of seen by now, Chromag/Shorelines have been supporting us so far this season. We were all a huge fan of Chromag beforehand, so to be able to nip into the U.K office just down the road in the centre of Sheff, is spot on.
They've stepped it up a bunch this year with a load of new colours and a few new products as they try to delve into other areas of the component market.
The Moon saddle. Ti railed (chrome/cheaper version optional too), super light, full bred race saddle. Available in White or Black.
The Director direct mount stem. Red or black, with in ya face Chromag lettering.
Fubar(google it) OSX bar in chrome. Available in a billion other colours aswel. Black Chrome is the nicest looking bar i've ever seen…
See the product being tested hard, right here:
Swinnys Ellsworth, decked out.
If you like what you see, head over to Shorelines to check the full range out and look out for 2012


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Investigation Reveals 'Calves Freezing To Death' At Major US Dairy Farm
An animal protection agency has accused a major Nebraska dairy facility of 'shocking' neglect and cruelty to calves.
Animal Equality filmed its investigation at at Summit Calf Ranch, a facility housing 11,000 calves, which is owned by Tuls Dairy.
According to the group, its footage reveals 'the prolonged agony of dozens of calves', who are aged between one and 150 days old. Some animals froze to death, several calves suffered from their hooves being separated from their legs as a result of exposure. Plant Based News felt some of the images were too distressing to publish.
'Frozen feet'
According to Animal Equality's anonymous undercover investigator: "My supervisor asked me to feed the calf with the frozen feet. The hooves are now almost completely severed and you can see the bone. [He] mostly stays on the ground, but once or twice [he] tries to stand which causes the wounds to bleed."
In addition to exposure, footage captured by the organization reveals workers 'shoving, jabbing and hitting calves with sorting sticks and hut rods', sick cows, left with dead cows, receiving no veterinary care, disbudding of calves using hot irons, and the manager's dog biting calves.
GRAPHIC: Footage from the abuse
'Strong commitment to animal care'
In an official statement, Tuls Dairies owner Todd Tuls, said the company has a 'strong commitment to animal care'.
"This past winter presented farmers with some of the most challenging weather conditions faced in decades. The prolonged, extreme cold temperatures presented unprecedented demands on normal operations." he added"
"In spite of these difficult circumstances, this video shows our workers handling animals in a way that indicates they were attentive to their needs and following proper guidelines."
'Shoocking lack of care'
"Our investigation into Summit Calf Ranch revealed a shocking lack of meaningful care provided to baby calves," Sean Thomas, International Director of Investigations for Animal Equality, said in a statement sent to PBN.
"We documented sick newborns surrounded by their already dead pen mates in an area referred to as the 'hospital' where they were left to suffer for days and in many cases finally die."
Dairy investigation
This latest investigation follows a major expose of Fair Oaks Farms in Indiana - which has been described as the 'Disneyland of agricultural tourism' - and offers tours of its pastures, museum, restaurant, and hotel. It claims it provides 'complete transparency into the everyday operations of a dairy farm'.
Animal Recovery Mission (ARM) took the undercover footage which shows workers kicking, pushing, and slamming newborn calves to the ground because they did not nurse from the artificial rubber nipple - preferring to suckle on workers' fingers instead.
Calves, who were kept in small pens, were not given adequate nutrition or hydration, with some dying as a result. The video also shows employees hitting, stabbing, and calves with metal bars and branding irons, as well as sitting on them - which was often too much weight for the young calves to bear. Workers, managers, and foremen were observed joking as they sat on calves, and the animals' legs buckled under the weight.
One worker in the video has been arrested and released under bail.


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Why is "The Story of an Hour" usually considered a work of feminist literature? Why is "The Story of an Hour" usually considered a work of feminist literature?
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Expert Answers
calendarEducator since 2007
write1,721 answers
starTop subjects are Literature, History, and Business
Chopin focuses on the joy that Louise Mallard realizes when she learns that her husband has died. Within the frame of this story is the quiet struggle that women of the late 19th century fought others challenged the laws and attempted to gain equality and the right to vote.
Louise Mallard is subject to her husband's control because that is what society, or the social order of the time dictated. There is no discussion of the independence of women, it exists only in Louise Mallard's dreams, as a married woman, that is. She would, as a widow, have more freedom than a single woman. As a widow, she could attend events and functions alone without any scandal or impropriety because she "was" married.
What Chopin writes about in this story and others is the essence of being an individual with freedom of choice that is both offered and accepted by society.
"she would live for herself. There would be no powerful will bending hers in that blind persistence with which men and women believe they have a right to impose a private will upon a fellow-creature. A kind intention or a cruel intention made the act seem no less a crime as she looked upon it in that brief moment of illumination."
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calendarEducator since 2008
write2,422 answers
starTop subjects are Literature, Social Sciences, and Law and Politics
This is a great question, and the answer relies on your reading of the text and your understanding of feminism.
Think about this woman's marriage. How does she perceive the marriage? Is it good, bad, or indifferent? What is her response when she believes her husband to be dead? Is she happy or sad? What does that response tell you about her marriage?
Now, think about what feminism is. It is a movement or ideology meant to empower females and promote their equality and self-actualization in all aspects of life, particularly within their relationships with males, including marriage.
Taking those two ideas together, ask whether the story shows that this woman is equal, empowered, and self-actualized within the marriage? Are there any clues in the text that tell you whether the woman believes that she has an opportunity to be empowered and self-actualized within the hour in which she thinks her husband is dead? What does that tell you about the marriage?
What is Chopin trying to say in this story about the effect of marriage upon women's ability to be empowered? How is that message consistent with feminism?
Good luck to you with your answer.


text: Comprehensive Home Health Care & Hospice, Inc., your neighborhood health partner, was founded in 2013 with the idea that health care is at its best when people who deliver it are from the community. We are not a chain or a corporate giant – far from it! We believe in expediting the recovery for our home health clients and caring for our hospice clients and their families during the most difficult and emotional stage of their lives.


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Health & Happiness: Protecting our Parents
By Joy Cote
Would you give a five-year-old control over your finances? This question was posed to me by a woman whose sister had Alzheimer's. Her sister had drained her bank account giving away all her money to a phone scam, there was nothing that could be done once this had happened. I told her that my Dad wasn't there yet, he didn't have Alzheimer's, but the question still haunted me.
When my Dad was diagnosed with the beginnings of dementia, I read everything I could get my hands on regarding this disorder. The signs had been there for a while, but I thought my Dad was just getting old. My Dad no longer realized that I was four hours away by plane and would call wanting me to come over right away. He was getting lost in the small town that had been his home for forty years coupled with the recurring trips to the emergency room because of taking his medicine too often. These things happened slowly over time and I finally realized that he needed my help.
He had the most amazing neighbors; they not only kept an eye on him, but helped get him to the emergency room, made sure he ate, and made sure I was informed when something happened. For a year they encouraged him to come live close to me but it took a major event for him to agree to do that.
My Dad, ever the planner, had given me Power of Attorney along with writing his will and what he wanted to happen during his end of life stage. This was key in helping him because without the Power of Attorney no one would have been able to share information with me.
It was during the moving process that I discovered that the person who was managing his stock portfolio had been encouraging him to invest in risky high yield stocks for the past six years. I encouraged my Dad to move his stocks to something more conservative.
In the next issue of BRG I share how I helped my Dad take control of his stock portfolio, and what steps could be taken regarding the monies he might have lost.
Look for part II in the March Issue of BRG
Joy is a traveler blogger she writes about the amazing places and people she encounters. You can read about her adventures at joy4travel.wordpress.com