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Kuznetsova AV1*, Kulikova EG2 and Laskova MV1
1Doctor in Philology, Professor, Southern Federal University, Russia
2Doctor in Philology, Professor, Rostov State University of Economics, Russia
Received date: May 05, 2016; Accepted date: June 20, 2016; Published date: June 25, 2016
Citation: Kuznetsova AV, Kulikova EG, Laskova MV. Phenomenon of a Bilingual Literary Text: National in Individual. Global Media Journal. 2016, S3:15
Copyright: © 2016 Kuznetsova AV, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
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It is actual for modern cognitive linguistics to detect units of a literary text possessing the potential meanings integration and their parameters. As a language reflects phenomena of social life, historical events unique and specific to a particular culture, each unit of a particular ethnic group language has an implicit cultural background. Specific requirements of the national language make the foundation for the organization of a literary text as one of the most important components and terms of national identity and origin. Formation of a special type of personality under the interaction of different cultures makes it necessary to comprehend this process in connection with the characteristics of a socalled marginal individual, perceiving the own ethnic culture from the outside, as it were; a raise of the social status of the national language is implemented using the language that this person masters. The duality in bilingualism is overcome due to authors intentions and realized by an active life position represented by the bilingual writer in his text. Ethnic identification depends, therefore, on the definition of the dominant ideology and ethnic identity of the bilingual person. In the process one of the leading roles belongs to bilingual writers: their creative consciousness unites two language pictures of the world, integrating them into new meanings, popular with both linguistic cultures. As an objective result of a socio-cultural situation, the artistic bilingualism creates an opportunity and some prospects for comparative procedures, thereby expanding the research paradigm of the modern science of language. The purpose of this article is to present a new perspective for studying literary texts, defined in the general by guidelines of modern cognitive linguistics, as a conceptual model of a bilingual literary text analysis through the prism of the author's modality, intertextuality, metatext and metapoetry characteristic to the individual bilingual writer's view of the world.
Bilingualism; Bilingual text; Language personality
The modern world is characterized by the formation of a multicultural space, which manifests itself in the phenomena of cultural diffusion, integration and interaction. The process of mutual integration and interaction between cultures affects different ethnic groups; an objective law of social development is contradictory and complex integration phenomena that characterize the whole being of an individual at the edge of cultures. Ontological features of the modern society contribute in the development of scientific research of the relation between cultural identity and globalization processes, dialogue and tolerance in the development of cultures. The specificity of the cultural development of an individual is determined by the conditions of the modern multicultural space, which also has a certain influence on the dominants of the scientific paradigm [1]. An individual is exposed to an impact of two opposite vectors manifesting contradictions between respect of the historical and ethno-cultural traditions and civilization standards.
A linguistic personality in a multicultural environment of the modern world has to choose his own "language", which manifests itself at both social and cultural levels, and the level of ethnic identification [2,3]. The need to create their own language space in a bi(poly)linguism becomes relevant [4,5]. While creating literary texts bilingualism serves as an opportunity to preserve the cultural identity of the writer [6] and, in the case of using the second language, to translate ethno cultural labeled elements of the national language picture of the world.
In the modern world functions of languages are gradually expanding, and languages of international communicating are formed. The intensification of this process leads to highlighting the problem of bilingualism. Bilingualism objectifies the integration of an ethnic group into a multilingual social system under the dominance of a single language as a means of communication, with the cultural identity and the language of each nation being saved [7,8]. The mentality of the nation, its culture is revealed through the language that is an explication of national identity and a factor of interethnic communication, cultures interaction.
Synthesis of interpretive and comparative approaches applied to the studied material allows tomake use of a complex of methods, with the component-semantic and contextological analysis, and compositional analysis being leading ones.
The state of the modern society becomes the basis for the emergence of post-modernism, and the study of its features became one of the actual problems of humanitarian scientific paradigm in the last decade. In this regard it seems important to clarify its status and role in the formation of modern culture, as well as the establishment of correlation and a complex of factors underlying features of modern linguistic personality, its competence and multi-level potential.
The interpretation of the term postmodernism is based on the understanding of the world as a system reflecting main trends, vectors of development and targets the society has at the current stage of its development. As a set of approaches and concepts in the coordinates of various scientific paradigms, postmodernism creates an illusion of their integrity. Thus, the thesis about understanding human inability to describe the world as an integrity basing on general theories, which claim their right to be truth, becomes original. Reflecting the ideology of the postmodern age, postmodernism is not a direction or course within the forms of social consciousness.
The foundation of postmodernism is made of the latest technical mass media and electronic technologies. In this informational space different positions and perspectives to address the problems coexist, which becomes the basis for the emergence of the postmodern derivative characteristics: fragmentation, decentration, variability, contextuality, uncertainty, irony, simulation. The information space produced by the postmodern may be qualified as multicultural, because the plurality of opinions and interpretations is significant for it.
Scientific evidence of studying postmodern multicultural environment is based on the tenets of the concept of "dialogue of cultures", offered by M.M. Bakhtin, who comes to its formulation by analyzing the problems of Others: the author of the work must "approve another "I" as another subject, but not an object" [9]. In this perspective, a dialogue is a real "being event", a fundamental, existential and ontological category, which potential infinity lies in its ontologicality: "When the dialogue ends, everything ends. Therefore the dialogue, in fact, cannot and must not end" [9]. Identifying the specifics of dialogue and dialogic allows M.M. Bakhtin to consider the polyphony as "a multiplicity of independent and unmerged voices and consciousness's," as "a combination of several individual wills", "principal going beyond the limits of one will", that explains the Bakhtin's model of the presence of Me and Others in the consciousness, while the personality as a unity of the individual and common is a bilateral nature. Only the dialogue of the views allows an individual to understand the world and himself in the world.
A complex multicomponent structure of postmodern multicultural information space is the result of social communications, which allows to differentiate the mental, informational, institutional substructures correlating with a specific subspace. In addition, the postmodern multicultural space is also limited by social parameters because of the impact of the genesis results and culture functions, which allows to evaluate social transformation processes in a research perspective. The use of the "socio-cultural space" concept in the scientific paradigm has some sufficient heuristic potential because of the possibility to consider the reality as a dynamic phenomenon created by a man. As the socio-cultural space embodies the entire set of practices and the subspaces being generated by people at the moment, the very sociocultural and informational space can be represented as a number of fields (subspaces) that exist in a complex interaction. These factors determining the postmodern multicultural space being numerous, intangible, socio-cultural factors are of priority.
The text is a "true joint of linguistics and cultural studies, as it belongs to the language and presents its highest level, while the text is a form of culture existence" [10]. A certain cultural background is implicit in each unit of language, because the language reflects social and historical phenomena unique in the life of a particular ethnic group and are specific to the national culture [4]. The language as a culture product is its part determining a formation of cultural codes [11,12].
Artistic text represents the world of literary personalities as a result of its disposition; the formation of individual author's picture of the world is exercised - the cognitive process, which is based on an understanding of the polivariance of the world. The establishment of mechanisms of perception and search for necessary information, synthesis of which senses is the foundation of producing text, is particularly relevant to modern linguistic paradigm.
From the standpoint of cognitive linguistics a literary text is studied as an esthetically motivated model of reality and a verbal realization of cognitive components of its creator's sphere of concepts, which ensures an ongoing act of communication between the author and his characters, and then the recipient - the reader or researcher. In this context an attempt to establish some "basic level" of culture and its categories is quite reasonable, with cognitive basic level and categorical apparatus being previously clarified. Compare, for example M. Johnson, G. Lakoff and Ritchie. [13,14]. Also a number of hypotheses may be proposed [15,16]. It is obvious that a literary text is a model where all of these subsystems are functioning in an indissoluble unity.
One of actual problems of modern cognitive linguistics is clarification of mechanisms of perception and search of necessary information, the text can't be created without synthesis of its sense. Actually cognitive, cognitive and pragmatic and psycholinguistic treatment of an art discourse can be reached through attraction of cognitive and conceptual, activity approaches to the speech. Necessity of establishment of mechanisms of cognitive and mental development of reality, its conceptualization by consciousness, ways of updating of a certain part of knowledge and their representation by means of meanings of language units depending on esthetic and other motivation is also natural in this regard [17]. Language in its standard state gives more opportunities to show exceptions, than to show norm. Literature addresses to something abnormal and exclusive not only owing to desire to draw attention and to surprise. The substandard phenomenon itself is perceived as a sign of the hidden sense [18]. But the essence of art creativity consists not in permanent searches of anomalies [19], but only in realization of the principle of allocation, allocation of abnormal in comparison with norm, a frontage thereby to coherence of genre norms and semiotics rules. The norm as the basic concept of the culture of speech is treated not as "norm of a ban", but as "norm of a choice" now that, respectively, causes orientation of modern science about language onto a linguopragmatics [20]. From this point of view fiction as the form of art which actively influences the recipient by means of various means of expression also joins into the sphere of linguopragmatic researches. Literary text is not only embodiment of structural norms, but also their violation; and its existence can be adequately apprehended only in dialectic interaction of these multidirectional vectors. Something abnormal becomes a cornerstone of art structure as it is always semiotics, possessing high degree of an informative compression. Therefore, the bilingual literary text is not only «non-standard» initially as it belongs to literature as an a form of art, at the level of a combination of esthetic signs [21], thus, it possesses the potential of an esthetic cognition, but it is nonstandard at the level of reflection of national and individual pictures of the world by language means [22].
Being a cultural code, the language broadcasts mentality of the nation, actualizing ethnic specificity and causing the whole process of cross-cultural communication. The language used to create a text is not the only criterion of the nationality of its producer. Multilingualism determines the situation of choosing the dominant language, which is not always the native one. This, in turn, determines the problem of the language identification. Factors for such choice vary from the possibility of building a more successful career to gaining a wider destination, especially in the case of realizing a creative potential of the person in the texts of various intentions and genres.
The interaction of different cultures creates a special type of language personality, which can be characterized as marginal, perceiving his own ethnic culture as if from the outside. Raise of the status of national language is implemented using the language that this person masters absolutely. Being a cultural code, the language translates mentality of the nation, actualizing ethnic specificity and causing the whole process of cross-cultural communication. The language used to create a text is not the only criterion of the nationality of the producer of the text.
An ethnic identification explicit in axiology of a personality dictates some depth search of regularities in the texts produced by a bilingual author. Thus, the statement that the dual uncertainty of marginality is overcome by a creative bilingual person appears to be quit fair, as the author, being the subject of the national culture, represents a national picture of the world of his ethnic group in an other language, implements it by an active life position, represented in the text: "The personality at the edge of the cultures (a marginal person) is a historical phenomenon. Since the appearance of relationships, contacts between nations, a marginal person has existed. The special position of marginal personality contributes in his perceiving the culture he ethnically belongs to, as if from the outside, and in the case of a conscious orientation to participating in the fate of this culture he has the most valuable social quality of thinking in the whole wide ethnic and cultural substratum space. In the history due to this quality marginal individuals repeatedly performed the role of active implementers of the continuity in the development of both an individual culture, and its relations with other cultures" [3]. Therefore an ethnic identification depends on the definition of the dominant ideology and ethnic identity of a bilingual person.
A bilingual language personality possessing unique linguocultural and linguorhetorical competencies clarifies the referential potential of a linguistic sign, contributing to the prevention of "cultural shock" that often occurs when reading the translated texts. Thus, the process of intercultural communication is carried out at a higher level than at the translator's interpretation of foreign texts, as information is transmitted with the least distortion and the fullest volume possible, except lacunarity in the litterary message.
In the process bilingual writers possess one of the leading roles: their creative consciousness unites two language pictures of the world, integrating them into new meanings, popular with both linguistic cultures. Creative (artistic) bilingualism as the objective result of a socio-cultural situation creates the possibility of and some prospects for making comparative procedures, thereby expanding the research paradigm of the modern philology. U.M. Bakhtikereeva defines the artistic bilingualism as "a special kind of speech and thinking activities of a creative bilingual person who accesses the achievements of both public consciousnesses and methods of their expression/description by two language systems by means of assimilating ways of comprehension of the reality, developed by previous generations of primary and secondary cultures. The texts, dependent on the bilingual author speech and describing the artistic image of the primary culture in the acquired language, have their own characteristics and are encoded as "unusual" in the minds of both languages speakers" [5].
Modeling the process of interaction between the two languages while creating a semantic space of discourse/text as a result of such activities is the starting point for the linguistic and cultural analysis. Bilingualism is a psychological mechanism to produce speech works that belong to two linguistic systems, while the types of bilingualism distinguished from the linguistics point correspond sequentially to the types of acculturation. According to W. Weinreich, bilingualism is the ability to use two languages and alternate their use depending on the conditions of speech communication [23]. A coordinative bilingualism is observed in the case of equal speaking two disjoint language systems. There is also a mixed type, when the "second" language is learned on the base of already established system of native ("first") language, and constantly suffers its effects [24]. L.V. Shcherba also stresses that the bilinguals do not use both languages, but only one that has two expressions (Ibid). E. Cassirer proposes a similar argument: "The real problem... is not in learning a new language, but in forgetting the old one", because "our perception, intuition, and concepts are fused with the terms and speech forms of the native language. To get rid of the links between words and things, huge efforts are required ", that "are absolutely necessary when learning a new language "[25].
A bilingual literary text as a result of linguo-cognitive activities of a bilingual literary (artistic) person can be classified doubly: as a result of cognitive and speech creative activity of a producer - bilingual in the process of the primary and secondary language/literary personalities interaction, and in this case the cognitive potential of this text can be fully represented only by means of the target language, and as the text where the creative bilingual person intentionally saved markers of various levels of the source language.
Undoubtedly, we are dealing with a bilingual literary text only when this text is created by a linguistic/literary personality, who is inherently bilingual. It seems that the translated text as a result of an interpreter's work- another linguistic personality - with a certain number of foreignlanguage elements retained, as well as the additional comments in order to realize a specific artistic task, cannot be qualified as a bilingual text. In this case, it is important to remember the criterion of producing the bilingual text by the only person, because when trying to consider the translation activity as the attempt to present an absolute adequacy of the author's text, which means the unity of the original and translated texts, some conflicts in concepts will inevitably arise. Two linguistic identities cannot, by definition, form a whole as a result of the chronological sequence of work on a particular text, as any native speaker is at the same time author of the individual world picture. These individual pictures of the world are never exact copies of each other, and relate to the national picture of the world in their mutual correlations. Defining the coordinates of semantic space of the bilingual text allows to describe specifics of the bilingual language personality and regularity of his/her development. Here the following parameters can be allocated:
The intertextual plan of the bilingual text (rather full reception of such text is characterized by references to other texts without which its sense won't be realized;
The intratextual plan of the bilingual text demonstrates its sense at the level of contexts of the lexemes and their combinations usage in it, and also their synonyms, metaphors, antonyms and metonymies in a full corpus of the texts of the writer in all their set;
Language game acts as result of interaction of intertextual and intratextual plans that fully realizes the potential of the bilingual literary text.
Poligenetics in the bilingual literary text becomes a condition for "cultural synthesis" effect: in such text various cultural contexts [26] can interact that is carried out due to the use of separate lexemes and their combinations in language, foreign to the whole text, and by means of author's intension of the autotranslation. The bilingual literary text gains translingual features because the usage "shows" a context of other language. Structural-semantic organization of the bilingual literary text is caused by an intertextuality and metatext characteristics as its result that in general defines the general vector of literary conceptualization. Specifics of literary conceptualization is established during the cognitive and semantic analysis of literary texts. Complicated character of the literary text of the bilingual writer is fixed, first of all, that it reflects cognitive and language aspects of speech and thinking activity of the literary bilingual personality. Such text represents norms of language coding of information by bilinguals, and also norms of bilingual conceptualization (exarticulation and categorization of primary culture reality objects and search of their actual meaning in language of the acquired culture). Mutual correlations of aspects of linguocognitive activity within two world language pictures appear as the description and as representation by linguistic means of the second language of the national picture of the world of the "first" language, but it is indisputable that languages possess various ways of the description of extra language reality. So, the high ability to be coded of the Russian linguoculture is realized that the "secondary" language world is presented in consciousness of the creative bilingual individual [27] as the second subject on an equal basis with the first one, and "primary" national linguoculture becomes an object of the description by two subjects. Literary norms create necessary comfortable conditions for the most complete description of a language world picture fragment therefore the role of the most popular in society at this historical stage of the literary language for creation of the bilingual literary text by the bilingual writer is indisputable. However not all meanings, specific to the source national language, can be adequately mastered by the target language that determines semantics of the bilingual literary text. Thereby the text created by the bilingual literary personality finds characteristics of "nonstandard" which is easily identified by the target language speakers relating to the language personality of bilingual writer.
Thus, the bilingual literary text can be examined not only in terms of shown features of a specific language/literary personality, i.e. not only in the aspect of the creative subject - a bilingual writer, but as a total original text and its autotranslation, which allows to determine the integral and differential features of the national world pictures within the individual author's picture of the world, as well as to identify linguo-cognitive and linguocultural priorities of the bilingual author of the specific literary text.
The literary world of bilingual authors carries out a metatextual function: a bilingual literary text represents an axiological system of the nation, its goals and fundamental concepts. Bilingual literary text acquires the character of the collective memory fund, giving a vector for the development of understanding the world in the field of collective national consciousness. It is a specific reflection of the historical, sociopolitical, cultural and ethical existence of an ethnic group, defining, thus, some national identity of the creative personality.
Even a glance at a literary text without any attempts to analyze it, would allow to make a univocal conclusion about the nature of rhetical imagery, the profound authenticity of logic stages building, even when it does not deal with anything having a national markedness.
The national picture of the world is the basic premise of cultural continuity, receptive and interpretive potential of traditions, which enables it to keep constantly the national identity of the ethnic group. It also makes explicit the changes in the cultural sphere, primarily formed as an artistic and poetic images, which are the results of the creative efforts of the best representatives of the national culture. Artistic images manifested in the texts of national writers determine not only their individual author's view of the world, but also mark the specific national picture of the world that reflects a collective consciousness of the nation. Therefore, the reconstruction of the national picture of the world is impossible without the interpretation of the key artistic and poetic systems, while bilingual writers text can modulate the image of the ethnos world through the prism of two languages.
The publication is prepared within the scientific project No. 16-04-00037 supported by Russian Foundation for Humanities


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How Long Should Subsidized Employment Last? As Long as Necessary.
By Melissa Young, Director, National Initiatives on Poverty & Economic Opportunity & Chris Warland, Associate Director for Field Building, National Initiatives on Poverty & Economic Opportunity
Transitional jobs and subsidized employment interventions do a great job of helping people who would not otherwise be working to earn income and gain work experience. However, these interventions have not been shown to affect long-term workforce attachment. This is likely because participants typically face structural barriers and systemic exclusion from labor markets and economic opportunity that can't be adequately remedied by a time-limited programmatic response.
In order to leverage what subsidized employment does well (get people working) and achieve what it does not (boost long-term labor force participation), we need to consider extending the scope and duration of available subsidized employment, including indefinite and permanent subsidized work opportunities. As we work toward our goal of a nationwide, federally-funded subsidized employment initiative, it is time to reconsider our assumptions about the goals and outcomes of subsidized employment, and offer jobseekers opportunities to work as long as it takes to achieve success.
America Needs a Big Investment in Subsidized Employment
By Indivar Dutta-Gupta & Kali Grant, Georgetown Center on Poverty and Inequality
The job market continues to bounce back from the economic downturn, but Americans' feelings about job opportunities remain the same. Despite months or even years searching for jobs, two million Americans—more than a quarter of all unemployed workers—are long-term unemployed, meaning they've been searching for work for six months or longer. Unemployment is in no uncertain terms a waste of economic and human potential in our communities, demanding attention from philanthropists, advocates, service providers, and policymakers alike. Subsidized employment is a proven, promising, and underutilized approach to solving this problem.

subset: commoncrawl


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Go glam with cascading long layers that fall well below the shoulders. The SmartLace hairline and hand tied monofilament cap create natural movement for a wide range of styling options. Kaia provides all the styling options you could ever dream of.
NOTE: Due to a large range of colours, if the item is not in stock we will notify you and delivery time is estimated between 10-14 days.


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Technical Support
On-Line Manuals
C166 User's GuideC166 Introduction Compiling Programs Language Extensions Preprocessor Advanced Programming Sections, Classes, and Groups Special Sections Locating Sections Customization Files Startup Code STARTUP.A66 START167.A66 START_V2.A66 START_V3.A66 Basic I/O Memory Allocation TRAPS.C Optimizer Optimizer Options General Optimizations 80C166-Specific Optimizations Global Register Coloring DPP Registers Stacks System Stack User Stack Stack Sizes System Stack Size User Stack Size XBUS Memory and Peripherals On-chip XRAM XBUS Peripherals Interfacing C to Assembler Function Parameters Function Return Values Using the SRC Directive Register Usage Example Routines TINY Model SMALL Model COMPACT Model MEDIUM Model LARGE Model Data Storage Formats Bit Variables 1-byte Scalars 2-byte Scalars 4-byte Scalars float Scalars float Errors double Scalars double Errors near Pointers far Pointers huge Pointers xhuge Pointers Absolute Memory Access Absolute Access Macros Linker Location Controls Debugging Error Messages Library Reference Appendix
Global Register Coloring
Global register coloring works across a complete application. When enabled, the linker generates a register definition file that contains a table of registers used by each function. The compiler uses this table to optimize register usage. Your project is re-compiled iteratively until no further register optimization is possible.
When global register coloring is enabled, compiler knows the registers used by each function. Registers that are not altered in external functions can be used to hold register variables. The code generated by the compiler requires less data and code space and executes faster.
To enable global register coloring, the REGFILE compiler directive and the REGFILE linker directive must be specified.
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This looks great!!!
Baby Arrow™ Yoshi Cursors
- Published on January 26th 2016 by StickyChannel92.
- Released under the Release to Public Domain license.
These were ripped from Super Mario World 2: Yoshi's Island. I edited "Second Normal" using a Windows XP Arrow and added details on it. You can either choose Normal or Normal 2 as Normal Select.
|Set created
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Welcome to New Dimensions Radio!
Only 14% of American citizens hold active passports. In a profound sense, most U.S. citizens are insulated from the realties of the rest of the world. Even with worldwide communication technologies, the major U.S. media filters out much of what goes on beyond American borders, only focusing on major events. Here, a former overseas journalist and writer, Mark Hertsgaard, speaks of how others around the world see the United States. This is an especially relevant dialogue in light of U.S. Government action since the events of 9/11.
Mark Hertsgaard provides media commentary for National Public Radio.
He is the author of several books including:
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Cheddar Bacon Ranch Potato Salad - Easy To Make
- 2 lbs petite red potatoes , diced into bite size chunks (about 1-inch)
- 2/3 cup Hidden Valley® Simply Ranch Dressing
- 1 cup shredded cheddar cheese (I used medium)
- 6 slices bacon , cooked and crumbled (about 1/2 cup)
- 1/3 cup chopped greenonions
- Salt and pepper (optional)
- Add potatoes to a pot. Add enough water to cover potatoes by about 2-inches. Bring to a boil over medium-high heat then reduce heat to medium and allow to boil until potatoes are fully tender, about 10 minutes. Carefully pour potatoes into a colander to drain. Set aside to cool (to speed cool them run them under cold water until cool).
- Pour cooled potatoes into a large mixing bowl. Add in ranch, cheddar, bacon and green onions (you can set aside a few tablespoons of the bacon and green onions for garnish if desired). Toss to coat, season with salt and pepper to taste. Serve or cover and chill up to 1 day (if you like the bacon crispy wait to add it until ready to serve).
Source: Cookingclassy.com


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One morning I was outside my house talking to a man who was trying to fix a minor problem with the stone wall in my backyard. In talking about what was wrong with the wall, I started to cry. I have a thing about not crying in front of people so I was beyond embarrassed but I just couldn't help myself. I apologized and explained that I was very stressed because of my mother and he said that everyone, including mothers, was entitled to be a little "loco" once in awhile. He was very sweet and ended up making me laugh.
Another day I got unreasonably upset and yelled in a business situation and it completely startled me. I apologized right away and explained that is wasn't like me (which it isn't) and before I could fully finish explaining that I was becoming my mother's caregiver the other business woman cut me off and said she had gone through something similar, she totally understood and we would just put our heads together and solve the business problem together. It still amazes me how understanding people can be.
I have heard the statement "Ask for Help" many times in my life but didn't know how to do that. It's not really "my way." My family tends to manage their own backyard…and I guess I have thought that applied to me too. So reaching out for help was a difficult thing for me to do.
I started by sharing a bit about my struggles concerning my mother with a girlfriend. It felt very uncomfortable at first. We began talking about the issues of the caretaker role since she is helping out her mom too. Talking to her became a huge support!
She encouraged me to reach out for my family. I didn't want to do that but, ironically, one day my uncle reached out for me. I didn't realize that he and my aunt were independently trying to help my mother too. We decided to get together for lunch to talk about the issues facing my mother and it was such a relief. To have them to talk to has made things much easier! I can't believe how much it helps to be able to share all the difficulties with them. They have become a great support and I feel a closeness to them now in a way I didn't before; it has been a gift.
Now that I was sharing with my family, I really wasn't planning on sharing with anyone else. However, I realized that if my relatives who didn't know me all that well could make me feel better, then it was ridiculous that I wasn't telling my friends, who do know me. If I couldn't tell them about my mother were they really my friends?
So, I began reaching out to my friends to let them know what I was going through. I wanted them to know why I wasn't returning emails or calls in a timely fashion. It was a huge relief to admit I just couldn't handle the pressure of everything.
Asking for help has been hard for me but it has made me feel better emotionally and I think it will go a long way to reducing my stress.
I am learning that we are all really in this together, that I don't have to feel alone, and that I don't have to be able to handle everything myself.
I encourage anyone reading this to ask for help. You may not be able to ask for a lot at first but, ironically, it's my mom who has always said "Just start…you never know what will happen."


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This is a demo store. No orders will be fulfilled.
Fruit and Nut Flavours
Our tasty fruit and nut flavoured e-juices for e-cigs are available in various nicotine strengths ranging from 0 up to 20mg. 0mg has no nicotine content at all and is often referred to as e-Shisha. For guidance the equivalent cigarette strengths are approximately as follows: extra mild - 1 to 4mg, mild - 5 to 8mg, medium - 9 to 14mg, strong - 15 to 20mg.


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Customer Testimonials: How to Get Them and What to Get in Them
Editor's note: Previous articles (see Related at left) have emphasized how important customer feedback is to business. Among its positives are the aid it provides to search engine optimization (SEO) and rankings on search engine results pages (SERP). Here, Bill Fridl provides marketers with suggestions about how to urge customers to provide the right testimonials.
My dentist emailed me last week. Actually, he wasn't really a dentist when I knew him. He was a dental student at the University of California, San Francisco, School of Dentistry, where I go for dental work (because I'm cheap!).
So, as I was saying, my dentist emailed me last week. He asked me to post a reference on Yelp. He had graduated and was starting up his practice and thought a few testimonials would help. It was easy for me to agree because I was quite pleased with his work.
Here are my thoughts on testimonials:
1. Ask for them. Otherwise you won't get them. One of my current "businesses" is marketing a vacation rental using VRBO.com, one of the websites dedicated to this industry. This has been a fun project and is proving to be a profitable use of my time.
Let's look at this business. From the renter's standpoint, a vacation rental is the perfect example of a risky purchase. They are required to pay a deposit before actually seeing the place. When they arrive, even if the property was totally misrepresented, there may be no other options for accommodations.
The VRBO website attempts to remove some of this risk by inviting renters to post reviews for properties they rent. When shoppers search for properties there is a bold number near the top of each listing that reflects the number of reviews submitted for that property. Visitors can click on the number and read all the reviews.
Though I sense that owners can stack the reviews (having friends submit, etc.) it's still a powerful differentiator. The shopper sees pictures that look reasonable, the price is in line with similar properties, and—wow—this particular property has reviews that are numerous, recent and positive.
My rental just came into existence three months ago. As I write this, I've had 12 completed rentals and 10 reviews. This may not sound impressive, but there are properties that have been rentals for years that do not have 10 reviews. I did not get these reviews because my property is better than every other property out there; I got them because I asked for them. I also got them because, when the guests checked in, I told them I would be asking for a review. And when they checked out, I asked if the stay had been fine and followed up by mentioning that I would be grateful for a review. And if I don't have a review a week after they check out, I follow up again.
2. Mention, BEFORE providing the service, that you will be asking for testimonials. I touched on this above, but let me add a thought: If you tell customers early that you're going to ask for reviews, they will be attuned to your performance. If you suck, that's not good. But if you deliver what you promised, your customer will be pleased.


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Hi Guys,
Wondered if anyone had any 2018 freqs for the race/support races ?im off duty this weekend and spending some time in the area
Thanks in advance
thelad wrote:Most of it will be Encrypted Tetra and DMR. They do have a lot of cap+ systems.
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Hello! To celebrate the very last bit of snow melted away from our property today (front yard faces north, so that section took awhile), I decided to frame an artwork I'd gotten awhile back:
The piece is a watercolor with pencil and is a stylized rendering, I believe, of a vase of tulips. Not visible are the words "Paris 2003" on the lower left-hand corner of the painting. On the opposite lower corner are the initials "YB".
A close-up of the painting:
Nice colors and shading, I thought.
The painting came with a white mat, and on the back of the mat are the words "Montmatre Paris 2003 Yolande Burie" - (that name is obviously what the "YB" on the front stands for).
So, okay, the painting didn't come from Paris recently, and I can't prove that it was actually purchased in Paris, but it seems likely. An online search revealed a write-up of a Spanish tourist's visit to Paris, in which a mention was made of buying Yolande Burie's art at a gallery in the Montmatre neighborhood. Alas, a check of that gallery's website revealed no information on Ms. Burie. The Spanish tourist's post was from 2007, so perhaps Ms. Burie is no longer painting - or at least is no longer having her works sold at that particular gallery.
I added two additional mats in coordinating colors and then popped everything in a wooden frame painted a pale white.
So, how much would a 8x10 triple-matted, framed watercolor normally cost? The artwork alone must have cost a little something when purchased in Paris. I admit, the frame is not of super-high quality, and I don't know if the mats had been been cut to order or just purchased off the shelf from a store that sells framing supplies. Still, if everything had been purchased brand new, the price likely would have added up.
I can tell you my cost, though:
Yolanda Burie painting: 50c
8x10 wooden frame: 69c
Double mat set: $1.00
These low prices were courtesy of local thrift stores, of course.
Thus, for under two bucks, I have a nice framed work of art. And that's worth celebrating along with the melting of our snow!


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Author Name
Howell, Edward
Title CATALOGUE OF BOOKS Ancient and Modern New and Old Comprising the Works of Standard Authors English and Foreign ... All in Good Library Condition, Many in Choice and Elegant Bindings. Now on Sale at the Very Reasonable Prices Affixed by Edward Howell.
Binding Hardcover
Book Condition Very Good with no dust jacket
Publisher Liverpool Edward Howell 1867
Seller ID 2009
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It's Pioneer's 'dirty little secret' Jack, their top of the range players don't loop properly...
[SOLVED] CDJ2000NXS In/Out Loop BUG
every now and then, when setting a quantised loop using the in/out buttons the loop is created slightly too short. it's like there is a small glitch and the new loop plays slightly out of time. it's enough to cause a partial train wreck within a mix and should not be happening.
it doesn't happen every time, perhaps once in every 10 or 15 times, sometimes more, sometimes less. it's quite easy to replicate with two tracks of the same tempo and pitch lock activated.
it is not a beat grid issue as i've tested the same tracks with sync on and there are never any glitches or problems with the loops, they work as expected.
Il post è chiuso ai commenti.
46 commenti
So there is no fix for this at all? So glad I spent basically £2000 on something that has a fairly major problem in my opinion! Lol
Apparently not Jack, judging by the 'official answer' from Pulse. Very disappointing...
Pulse any update on this matter? It's been two years now, please? Anyone solved this problem? I just recently bought my CDJ 2000 Nexus + DJM900 and shortly after experienced this issue.. it's really annoying, having a loop really helps me out in some transitions..
Basically it is a hardware design issue which cannot be fixed.
I always used sync and had the same problem regularly.
Have you tried the latest Rekordbox? I had a quick play on it in a shop and it seemed to be an improvement, but I sold all my Pioneer gear so cannot give it a proper test, I had to solve the problem by buying all Traktor hardware.
I see, i have the latest version of Rekordbox on my computer, but i only use it to analyze my tracks.. do you reckon it's more useful to have as a live thing when i dj?
The version of RB I tried looks and behaves like Serato and I'm guessing it moves all the audio processing away from the CDJs and onto your computer.
If the loop is created by the software on the computer (which only has 1 clock) it should be solid and accurate.
The loop issue goes away when using the CDJs as HID controllers for Traktor, but they need to be in Vinyl mode which I don't particularly like.
Hope one of them suggestions sorts it out for ya
I just continue like this, maybe something to consider in the future.. I don't like to be dependant on a laptop, i bought really expensive gear and might aswell master the errors somehow..
They are useable playing from USB sticks, and on the + side you will get plenty of practice on the jog wheels lol
If you are worried about damaging your laptop, you can download an app (for Mac) called Caffeine which forces your Mac to always stay awake and function.
Then you can plug it in to the CDJs, close the laptop and tuck it away somewhere safe.
Are you saying that i can just analyze them to a usb stick and go? or do i have to have a computer connected?
Need the computer connected, if you use the USB stick you will still have the problem.
Its the digital clocks in the CDJs which are apparently out of sync.
Unlike every other 'professional' piece of audio equipment, Pioneer saved a few $ by not not including a digital wordclock output which I guess would have solved the issue.
You need the computer to create the loop, not the CDJ.
Hopefully they have found a fix by playing from the laptop.
I prefer the laptop myself, nice big screen to scroll through the tracks after a few drinks :-)
@Tom > Name another DJ product which features a wordclock.
@Pulse > I thought about that straight after posting, but was too lazy to log back in and edit it lol.
Having Pulse replying to a random guy rather than the actual problem just leaves me with a decision to never buy any Pioneer products in the future.
As this problem still occurs even though their product lied about it
"**Improved Quantize: **Quantize uses the track's beat grid to ensure loops and cues are set and triggered in time with music, with 100 per cent accuracy. And DJs can now access Quantize via its own dedicated ON/OFF button."
Theres been so many topics about this and there is still no fix.
I don't work with sync and paying 7000 USD for dj equipment that left me disappointed is a lifetime lession. I am really disappointed.
Maybe if the problem gets solved by a firmware i'll give this a second chance.. But theres been so many years and still no fix.
Does this problem exist on even more expensive CDJ 2000NX2?
@Kim > As previously posted:
Some gaps may occur depending on the different precision level of clocks embedded in the CDJs / DJMs. Unfortunately it is impossible to eradicate all the small gaps even through firmware updates. If you really want to have no gap in the loop length, please use the sync feature, which was engineered to avoid such gaps caused by different clock time between CDJ players.
There is no additional information available, thus no updates from me. I didn't "reply to some random guy" - someone asked a question on this post, I answered.


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100% Pinot Noir from the Applejack Vineyard in the Upper Yarra Valley region of Victoria, owned by highly respected viticulturist Ray Guerin and managed by his son Mark.
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I will be the first to admit I was desperate to buy those teeny tiny cute clothes. Shopping took on a whole new level of fun. It didn't help that I had a John Lewis and a giant Mothercare right by my work. Great for choice, not so great for the bank balance.
Although I desperately wanted to buy everything I saw I did try to be quite restrained as in reality you don't need as much as you think. These little babies also grow so fast so all those teeny tiny newborn sizes may barely be worn. Having done the newborn shopping twice I thought I would share my list of the newborn clothing essentials that you will need for when baby is born and the month or so afterwards.
When it comes to sizes it is a bit tricky. My suggestion is to opt for a few of everything in Newborn and then a couple more in 0-3 months. You never know how big your baby will be so I think it is safer to go for the majority of clothes in 0-3 to start with. Unless you know that your baby is going to be early you probably won't need tiny baby. When I found out I was being induced early I went out and bought one pack of vests and sleepsuits in tiny baby size which Molly did wear. In fact most newborn clothes hung off her but within a couple of weeks she was out of the tiny sizes so I'm glad I didn't go too mad. On the flip side my nephew never got to wear his newborn clothes as he was straight in to 0-3, and they were quite snug!
My advice is that in most cases you will likely have some willing relative or friend who can nip out to the shops (or hit the online stores) and stock up on a few more items if needed so there is no need to panic buy.
My biggest recommendation is to go for practicality. Believe me these newborns are wriggly and you will also want them to be completely comfortable. That little dungaree set may look super cute on the hanger but you will really only want sleepsuits most days. You can always add to your collection of mini clothes once baby has arrived.
Vests are a staple purchase. In the summer baby can wear just a little vest if it is hot and in the winter you can use them as a layering item.
I recommend 5 vests in Newborn size and up to 10 vests in 0 – 3 months. This may seem a lot but you will be washing them more than you realise.
The season will dictate if you go for long or short sleeved varieties or you can choose to have a mixture. I always used long sleeved when Molly was tiny as it was the middle of winter and freezing but Alice generally spent every day only wearing her short sleeve vest as it was a rather hot summer.
It is always easy to pick up packs of plain white vests like these from Next but the range of patterns and colours out there at the moment is fantastic! It is also worth checking out the supermarkets for some good value basics.
I am in love with this M&S Pelican long sleeve design. So fun and the loveliest spring colours. M&S also have the sweetest little cowboy long sleeved set which features cute illustrations and fun striped designs. This is also available as a sleepsuit.
For short sleeved versions the Little Bird Turtle vests are so bright and fun. These would be perfect for a summer baby as they could easily be worn on their own and still look super stylish.
I also had a few packs of these John Lewis Animal short sleeved vests which were great quality and washed really well.
Sleepsuits are honestly the comfiest and easiest thing for your little one. And the choice of patterns and colours around is vast so you won't be missing out in the style stakes. That said, I don't think there is anything cuter than a newborn in a white sleepsuit. Practical? Not really. Super sweet? Definitely.
Go for 6 sleepsuits in Newborn and around 9 in 0-3 months. I always favoured the front fastening variety for ease of changing.
Next were my go to for sleepsuits. I found the fabric to be a bit thicker than most and they kept their colour after numerous washes. This modern monochrome set is so much fun and I really like the bold graphic design.
John Lewis has some lovely prints on their sets and you can't go far wrong with a classic sheep print in this grey and mint combo. Or I do rather like this little apple print in lovely bright shades.
For super strong designs I love the Little Bird Pear sleepsuit. A bit of a retro feel with the orange and green colour combo but I adore it.
Babies can loose a lot of heat through their head so a little hat is an essential. Grab yourself two in a soft wool or jersey.
This Mothercare teddy hat is so cute and is sure to keep heads warm and toasty. Plus it comes with some little mittens for those chilly days.
Frugi have some super fun designs, like this rainbow and bumble bee, in soft organic cotton and you can always choose to co-ordinate with a sleepsuit too.
Teeny tiny socks will keep those little toes nice and warm. You will probably only need one pack in newborn and one in 0-3 months.
Scratch Mittens
Grab two pairs of scratch mittens to avoid baby scratching at their fact with those tiny little fingernails.
You will need two cardigans regardless of the season. Go for soft wool, cotton or jersey to avoid irritating that delicate skin.
I would purchase these in 0-3 months as you can roll the sleeves up if it is a bit too big to start with.
M&S have a cute hooded cardigan in soft cotton that is ideal for newborns.
I always favoured the Boden cardigans for the girls as they were the softest wool and washed so well with no bobbling. They have some lovely shades this season to go with all outfits.
This fabulous mustard yellow number from John Lewis looks so cosy and the hood will keep little heads nice and warm.
Molly and Alice spent most of their time wearing a cute mint green jersey cardigan that had belonged to my little sister. Seriously vintage! I just couldn't find anything the same so I am over the moon that Next have bought out this version of a Jersey cardi available in a variety of soft colours. This really is a great buy.
Jacket and Pramsuit
As with the cardigans buy in 0-3 months as you can always roll the sleeves up and get more wear out of it. A soft jersey or lightweight jacket is a good buy. If you are expecting in the winter you will need a pramsuit too to keep baby warm and cosy when out and about.
This M&S soft cord wadded jacket in grey would be an ideal buy.
You can always rely on The White company for an adorable design and this bear fleece is a winner in my books. Fleece jackets are ideal for cooler winter days but also as a light spring jacket.
Something Special
You may want to follow the traditional route of choosing something cute for baby to leave the hospital. Although, be prepared for that to change. Molly was so tiny she didn't fit her going home outfit and Alice was born in a heatwave so only went home in a vest! It is, however, really nice to have a couple of 'special' outfits for visits and outings. In the early weeks I would still recommend choosing a sleepsuit style outfit but you can splash out on some cute patterns and designs.
The Autograph range at M&S is always worth a peep for lovely outfits and this Duck Sleepsuit is just lovely.
A trip to The White Company for one of their babygros is sure to result in a purchase or two. I really like this velour star trim design.
If you fancy adding a bit of bright in to the mix then take a look at this Bumble Bee design from Next. Too cute.
For something a bit more spendy have a look at Smallable.com for their fabulous designer collection from the likes of Bobo Choses and Stella McCartney Kids. This Billy Bandit Indian print racoon gro is so much fun as is this Hundred Pieces NYC Babygro.
So those are my thoughts on what items you need to buy although going on past experience I am sure you will end up with a lot more! Have you started shopping yet or do any of you lovely lot have any recommendations to share?
Cover image by Little Beanies Photography


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- Capture Studio - Jérôme Fraikin
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Abra Berens is the chef at Granor Farm in Three Oaks, Michigan. She trained at Ballymaloe in County Cork, Ireland, and Zingerman's Delicatessen in Ann Arbor, Michigan. She strives to connect people with their food both through dinners and progressive food policy—helping to further a food system where farmers earn a living wage, protect our environment through agriculture, and waste as little food as possible.
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Thursday, July 16, 2009
My project today features some retired designer series paper that I really miss - Urban Garden. I had bought a bunch of shadow box frames at IKEA a few years back and hoarded them. What's the point of buying them and then keeping them hidden?! Silly, huh?
The glass is accented with some new Decor Elements called Inspiration. It's a set of four sentiments - life, hope, faith and love. With some serious family medical issues heavy on my mind, the word "hope" called to me. I simply mounted a square of the Urban Garden DSP onto Chocolate Chip cardstock and then cut one of the flower images from another sheet. Using a Versamarker, I lightly shadowed the petals and then layered it onto the DSP with stampin' dimensionals.
Now it's off for display at a friend's house. Enjoy it, Diana!! :-)
Stamps: none
Cardstock: Chocolate Chip
Ink: Versamarker
Accessories: Urban Garden designer series paper, Inspiration Decor Elements, stampin' dimensionals, shadow box frame
3 comments:
- Jennifer Orbaker said...
This is so beautiful!!! Love what you did with this shadow box!
- July 17, 2009 at 12:38 PM
- Marilyn said...
What a great idea - can't help but love anything with those roses too!
- July 20, 2009 at 1:26 AM
- Unknown said...
Gorgeous! I use the plain smaller Ikea frames to demo the rubons at my workshops---then give it to the hostess as a gift! This is really special.
- July 25, 2009 at 9:51 AM
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作者:yyuan 日期:2009-06-25
An Introduction to Rights (Cambridge Introductions to Philosophy and Law)
by: William A. Edmundson
Objectivity and the Rule of Law (Cambridge Introductions to Philosophy and Law)
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Demystifying Legal Reasoning (Cambridge Introductions to Philosophy and Law)
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Beyond Comparison: Sex and Discrimination (Cambridge Studies in Philosophy and Law)
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作者:yyuan 日期:2009-06-24
一、丛书名:European Academy of Legal Theory Series
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Making the Law Explicit: The Normativity of Legal Argumentation (European Academy of Legal Theory Monograph)
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The Policy of Law: A Legal Theoretical Framework (European Academy of Legal Theory Monograph)
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Law as Communication (European Academy of Legal Theory Series)
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Epistemology and Methodology of Comparative Law (European Academy of Legal Theory Series)
by: Belgium) Conference on Epistemology and Methodology of Comparative Law (2002 : Brussels, Conference
二、丛书名:Law in Context
An Introduction to Law (Law in Context)
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Law as a Means to an End: Threat to the Rule of Law (Law in Context)
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An Introduction to Law and Regulation: Text and Materials (Law in Context)
by: Bronwen Morgan, Karen Yeung
Property Law: Commentary and Materials (Law in Context)
by: Alison Clarke, Paul Kohler
Cases and Materials on the English Legal System (Law in Context)
by: Michael Zander
The Law-Making Process (Law in Context)
by: Michael Zander
Health Law and the European Union (Law in Context)
by: Tamara K. Hervey, Jean V. McHale
Perspectives on Labour Law (Law in Context)
by: A. C. L. Davies
Families and the European Union: Law, Politics and Pluralism (Law in Context)
by: Clare McGlynn
British Government and the Constitution: Text and Materials (Law in Context)
by: Colin Turpin, Adam Tomkins
Making People Illegal: What Globalization Means for Migration and Law (Law in Context)
by: Catherine Dauvergne
Globalisation and the Western Legal Tradition: Recurring Patterns of Law and Authority (Law in Context)
by: David B. Goldman
Environmental Protection, Law and Policy: Text and Materials (Law in Context)
by: Jane Holder, Maria Lee
Trusts Law: Text and Materials (Law in Context)
by: Graham
Law, Infrastructure and Human Rights (Law in Context)
by: Michael B. Likosky
Atiyah's Accidents, Compensation and the Law (Law in Context)
by: Peter Cane, Patrick Atiyah
Rethinking Evidence: Exploratory Essays (Law in Context)
by: William Twining
Sentencing and Criminal Justice (Law in Context)
by: Andrew Ashworth
Evaluating Scientific Evidence: An Interdisciplinary Framework for Intellectual Due Process (Law in Context)
by: Erica Beecher-Monas
Analysis of Evidence (Law in Context)
by: Terence Anderson, David Schum, William Twining
Who Believes in Human Rights?: Reflections on the European Convention (Law in Context)
by: Marie-Benedicte Dembour
The Future Governance of Citizenship (Law in Context)
by: Dora Kostakopoulou
The Art of Argument: A Guide to Mooting (Law in Context S.)
by: Christopher Kee
作者:yyuan 日期:2009-06-23
1、Interpretation and Legal Theory (Paperback)
by Andrei Marmor
Key Phrases: constructive identification, normal justification thesis, indexical predicates, Twin Earth, Alternative Methods, The Fish-Dworkin Debate (more...)
Product Description
The claim that legal theory is best viewed in the light of a theory of interpretation is subjected here to a comprehensive and critical examination. Interpretation and Legal Theory contains both a critical analysis of some of the most influential interpretative theories of law and an elaborate attempt to defend the legal positivist school of thought in the light of this interpretative challenger, and contains an analysis of the nature of interpretation, the role of authors' intentions in interpretation, the nature of legal theory, and an application of these theoretical considerations to a theory of adjudication in law.
Product Details
Paperback: 192 pages
Publisher: Hart Publishing; 2 edition (January 1, 2005)
Language: English
2、Law, Pragmatism, and Democracy (Hardcover)
by The Honorable Richard A. Posner (Author)
Key Phrases: everyday pragmatist, pragmatic adjudication, pragmatic judge, United States, John Dewey, First Amendment
Product Description
A liberal state is a representative democracy constrained by the rule of law. Richard Posner argues for a conception of the liberal state based on pragmatic theories of government. He views the actions of elected officials as guided by interests rather than by reason and the decisions of judges by discretion rather than by rules. He emphasizes the institutional and material, rather than moral and deliberative, factors in democratic decision making.
Posner argues that democracy is best viewed as a competition for power by means of regular elections. Citizens should not be expected to play a significant role in making complex public policy regarding, say, taxes or missile defense. The great advantage of democracy is not that it is the rule of the wise or the good but that it enables stability and orderly succession in government and limits the tendency of rulers to enrich or empower themselves to the disadvantage of the public. Posner's theory steers between political theorists' concept of deliberative democracy on the left and economists' public-choice theory on the right. It makes a significant contribution to the theory of democracy--and to the theory of law as well, by showing that the principles that inform Schumpeterian democratic theory also inform the theory and practice of adjudication. The book argues for law and democracy as twin halves of a pragmatic theory of American government.
Product Details
Hardcover: 416 pages
Publisher: Harvard University Press (March 31, 2003)
Language: English
3、The Problematics of Moral and Legal Theory (Paperback)
by The Honorable Richard A. Posner (Author)
Product Description
Richard Posner characterizes the current preoccupation with moral and constitutional theory as the latest form of legal mystification--an evasion of the real need of American law, which is for a greater understanding of the social, economic, and political facts out of which great legal controversies arise. In pursuit of that understanding, Posner advocates a rebuilding of the law on the pragmatic basis of open-minded and systematic empirical inquiry and the rejection of cant and nostalgia--the true professionalism foreseen by Holmes a century ago. "Posner's trenchant criticism of the Kantian assumptions of most contemporary moral philosophy is very refreshing, and much needed. His distinction between 'moral entrepreneurs' and 'academic moral philosophers' is particularly helpful." --Richard Rorty, Stanford University, author of Achieving Our Country "More than ever, Richard Posner lays claim to the mantle of Oliver Wendell Holmes, not only in catholicity of interests, but also, in this instance, because Posner's thoroughgoing, no-holds-barred attack on moral philosophy is reminiscent of Holmes's own acerbic views regarding the potential contribution of moral theorizing to ascertaining the meaning of law." --Sanford Levinson, University of Texas at Austin
Product Details
Paperback: 336 pages
Publisher: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press (May 15, 2002)
Language: English
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The 92nd Academy Awards to go ahead without host in 202009/01/2020|1min
Hollywood's Oscars awards show will skip the opening monologue for a second year in a row in 2020. The 92nd Academy Awards will be without a host next month when the golden statues are handed out. The president of ABC Entertainment announced the decision and said last year's host-less show worked out fine, so the academy of motion picture arts and sciences decided to keep the status quo. The 2019 Oscars became the first to be host-free since 1989. The Academy Awards will air on February 9. Image: AP


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While the auto industry in Detroit might be having some cash flow problems these days the same can't be said for Chrysler service engineer Chris Crane, who won $42 million playing Mega Millions in last Friday's game.
The winning numbers were 13,28,32,41,52 and a Mega Ball 16.
So happy was Crane that he vowed to retire from Chrysler ("within weeks") and become a pecan farmer in Georgia.
"I always wanted to do a little bit of farming," Crane told Michigan Lottery officials. He has some property in Georgia. "This will be my chance," he said.
Crane's wife, Tina, an X-ray technician, also plans to retire. Her dream is to start a horse ranch for disabled children.
With the stock market as unsteady as it is these days, the Cranes opted to get the winnings over time rather than taking a lump-sum cash payment. This is unusual. Most big winners take the cash.
The first payment is $1.65 million before taxes followed by annual pretax payments of $1.61 million for 25 years. The lump sum would have been $26.3 million, before taxes.
Crane said his first purchase will be a Chrysler Town & Country minivan for Tina because that is "what she wants." He wants a red Challenger, the new retro-style muscle car created by Dodge.
He has played the same Mega Millions numbers regularly for a couple years, spending $20 twice a week on lottery tickets.
He found out he hit it big after returning home Saturday from a garage sale. He said he got on the Internet, saw the lottery numbers matched and saw the match.
He woke up his wife, who works the all-night shift.
"She looked at me and said, 'Mister, this better not be a joke."'
Crane is the eighth Michigan winner since the 12-state game began in 2002. The jackpot is Michigan's sixth-largest.
In the Money:
No one won last night's Mega Millions jackpot, so Tuesday's game will be worth $23 million. Friday's wining numbers were 14,15,43,46,48 and the Mega Ball was 21. Two winning tickets, in California and New Jersey, matched five balls, but not the Mega Ball, and won $250,000 each.
Tonight's Powerball jackpot is $20 million.
Good luck.
TOP FIVE POWERBALL JACKPOTS, all time
1. $365,000,000 , Feb. 18, 2006,
ConAgra Foods Co-Workers, Nebraska
2. $340,000,000, Oct. 19, 2005,
Steve & Carolyn West and Bob & Francis Cheney, Oregon
3. $314,924,354, Dec. 25, 2002,
Jack Whittaker, Scotts Depot, West Virginia
4. $314,305,920, Aug. 25, 2007,
Coterel & Hiles Family, Indiana
5. $295,700,932 , July 29, 1998,
The Lucky 13, Columbus, Ohio


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Carretera Uvero Alto-Punta Cana Punta Cana, Dominican Republic
Chic Punta Cana Luxury Junior Suite Swim Out Diamond Club is one of the best 5 star hotel in Punta Cana with an Outstanding guest review rating of 9.4 of 10. This property has been recommended by previous guest who have stayed here for 1 night or more. It has been awarded our Guest Recommendation Property Seal, that groups together properties that offer quality and excellent service based on the feedback from previous guests. Most of the rooms comes with a FREE BREAKFAST and WIFI and is subject to availability (please check the room options with the available board type below). Whether you're a tourist or traveling on business, Chic Punta Cana Luxury Junior Suite Swim Out Diamond Club Punta Cana is a great choice for accommodation when visiting Punta Cana. The facilities and services provided by Chic Punta Cana Luxury Junior Suite Swim Out Diamond Club ensure a pleasant stay for guests.
A¿s Coveted Uvero Alto Beach, Chic Serves Up Premium Cocktails, Masterfully Crafted Food, Superior Entertainment, And An Elegant Yet Relaxed Ambiance. This All Inclusive Adults Only Resort Is Pe


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Looks like I have some night-time reading with Bush's final budget document. Here's Stan Collender:
Bush Midsession Budget: Absolute Silliness | Capital Gains and Games
There is also absolutely no indication that the White House understands in any way that this year's deficit is not just the result of things that have happened the past few months,. Nussle's statement indicates that had it not been for the need to deal with the economic slowdown, all would be well in the budget world.
That's just plain silly. The policies put in place in the first seven years of the Bush administration — with the president's full and active support, encouragement, and insistence — have more to do with the current fiscal situation than anything that has happened since this past January. There are many, but the most important are:
* The tax cuts enacted in 2001 and 2003
* The more than $500 billion spent on activities in Iraq and Afghanistan
* Medicare Part D
* The big increases in the national debt and corresponding increases in annual interest payments
All of these dwarf the amount that will be spent in the "bipartisan growth package."
The silliness continued…
Filed under: Uncategorized


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Over the past 12 seasons of our show, we've seen our fair share of impressive tiny homes -- but this one really floats our boat.
In fact, it IS a boat -- and it's called the Sugar Shack!
(Does that mean it holds a lot of sweet snacks?! We hope so!)
RELATED: You HAVE to See This Adorable Miniature Mobile Home Entirely Dedicated to Firefighters
The floating house on Lake Union in Seattle belongs to our viewer named Gretchen and her husband -- and Gretchen was kind enough to take us aboard and show us around.
From their "garage" box and outdoor "nest" (where Gretchen likes to write) to their mini kitchen, bedroom and bathroom, every inch of the diminutive digs is as cozy as it gets.
How cute is the nest?!
"In a tiny kitchen, you learn that you just need the basics," Gretchen says. "No space is wasted, that's for sure."
(Spoiler alert: Wine glasses hang from the ceiling!)
Oh, and did we mention the VIEW?! You *have* to see it for yourself in the video above.
(There's even a deck with an umbrella where Gretchen can sit when it's raining, so she *never* misses out on taking it all in. #GOALS.)


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National champions General Service Unit (GSU) won 3-0 (25-16, 25-21, 25-20) against Uganda's Kampala in their fourth match in pool D as Prison Kenya revived to win their fourth match over Police of Cote d'Ivoire 3-0 (25-15, 25-19, 25-18) in Pool A in the 2018 Men's African Club Championship at Ahly Hall in Cairo, Egypt today.
GSU and Prison Kenya on Friday stormed the quarter-finals with former beating the neighbours to become the first team to enter the quarterfinals of the event that has attracted 24 teams.
The Kenyan side has won four out of four games,starting with Port of Cameroon, Woaitta of Ethiopia and Algeria's Olympique in their previous group games.
GSU will now face Engluish of Egypt in the final group match on Saturday as they explore their chances of clinching the tournament's title for the first time in history.
Prisons Kenya bounced back from Thursday's 3-0 loss to Al Ahly to beat Cote d'Ivoire's Police by straight sets.
This was the third victory for the Kenyan team in 4 matches to regain the dreams of quarterfinal qualification, while police are still searching for a victory after 4 matches.


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A bill that would allow gay couples to marry and adopt has made it out of the legal affairs committee of the Luxembourg parliament and is ready to be voted on, Luxemburger Wort reports.
According to the report, the bill, which was introduced in the Chamber of Deputies about two years ago, has undergone several modifications and now includes a provision that allows gay couples to seek both open and closed adoptions. An earlier version of the measure permitted same-sex couples only the option of open adoptions, whereby birth parents still have access to information about their children, but that constraint was rejected as discriminatory.
A vote on the measure is expected to take place before summer.


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Master photographer coaches beginners in Barboursville, Hurricane, and Charleston
Rob Engle, reporter
September 1, 2015
On Monday evenings from 5:30-7:30 at the Barboursville Hobby Lobby, Laura Moul spends her time doing what she loves, teaching photography. Moul is a certified Master Photographer and Craftsman Photographer by the Professional Photographers of America. Moul is one of only 3 percent of professional...
Lexi Browning, Reporter
February 18, 2015
Inclement weather did not stop the West Virginia Legislature from paying tribute to President Stephen J. Kopp and recognizing the accomplishments of the 2014 Marshall football team Wednesday at Marshall University Day at the Capitol. Senate Resolution 36, sponsored by Senator Robert Plymale, D-Wayne,...


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Poem I'm finding it is air (thin) twig twist over skin under light under air thinks thick things this post-depravity is alldown andand citrus OUTfall falls out dustygulllet OH! mourn full furl moonfall I move crossways to ourselves "what do you mean? birds come out of bodies all the time" It takes little preparation to be a living bullet wedged before It is impossible to tell you everything I don't understand I want to slow the pace to a crawl searching pick up all the little broken things the wind is full of un-wind it spooling spooling spools of bloodwater"Ross Brighton"
Author: Ross Brighton
Ross Brighton
excerpts from Birds a nervous disposition birds of television low action poised naught attrition the bounds (cloaked) generally dark dawn a priest an action movement rocks side a region of me face sunning whistle (little) radiance globe set far a rebel of late bride brought into the open and taught the son of the polite season quite difficult to ignore the ventriloquists seen from distance tour tür to err till earth to until place palace boulder groan fell tower falter (groat) greet loam flow antenna err as if in (dream) mute cut oft timothy to clover gloam linen quilt while rushes need red bright incessant faced the dress heart on this"Ross Brighton"


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We invite young film makers not older than 27 years from all countries to submit their films (produced either alone or in groups). The age of the film maker in the year of production is decisive. Applicants may enter one or more works.
1. August 2019
We do not charge entry fee.
submission online: Please fill out the entry form. Please note: films by submitters residing in Germany take part in the competition for the award 'Deutscher Nachwuchsfilmpreis' (German Newcomer Prize).
All postage for all submissions of preview material to the Hannover Festival must be paid by the submitter. The postage for the return of films selected for showing at the festival will be paid by the festival. Preview copies will not be returned. All shipments from non European Union member states must be sent with a customs declaration on the packaging stating the following: 'For temporary, cultural purposes only - no commercial value'.
For preview: please send a web-link to download the MP4 file (s.a. Vimeo, DropBox, WeTransfer...) or a MP4 file on DVD. There are no limits to subject or duration. All works must have been completed after 1. January 2018. If the original language of the film is neither English or German, the preview copy should be subtitled in one of these two languages. Otherwise an English or German dialogue list should be enclosed.
All films will be viewed by an independent pre-selection jury which will then compose the festival's competition program, both for the German and the international competition.
The selection criteria do not emphasize technical perfection but originality, autonomy of the concept and how the concept has been translated into film.
The up-and-coming Int. Film Festival Hannover will only accept the submission of a film if the submitter is the holder of all usage rights to the film necessary for the submission and use of the film within the competition. up-and-coming reserves the right to demand appropriate proof of these rights and to reject the submission upon failure to provide it.
jury and awards
During the festival the jury will award three films the German Newcomer Prize (Deutscher Nachwuchsfilmpreis) and three films the International Young Film Makers Award. These prizes are an initiative of the up-and-coming festival and are awarded as a film comet (glass sculpture).
All decisions by the pre-selection jury and the festival jury are final and may not be contested. Film makers whose entries have been selected for competition will be informed by email only. Therefore, please make sure to provide a valid email address with your submission.
accommodation service for festival visitors
An accommodation service for festival visitors will provide assistance in finding accommodation.
Int. Film Festival Hannover
Postfach 19 67
D-30019 Hannover


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Emerald Street is giving away 5,000 samples of the new Keep Young and Beautiful™ Instant Firming Beauty Shot.
The gel serum lifts and plumps the skin using a liquid matrix of hyaluronans to supercharge skin with moisture and leave it looking smoother, tigher and more youthful. The product costs £36 but you could try it for free if you win one of the 5,000 free 3ml samples we're giving away.
To receive your sample, click here and enter your details!