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Behnam Gheshlaghi,
Hadi Nazaripoor,
Aloke Kumar and
Mohtada Sadrzadeh*
Department of Mechanical Engineering, 10-367 Donadeo Innovation Center for Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, Canada. Fax: +1 780 492-2200; Tel: +1 780 492-8745
First published on 29th January 2016
An analytical solution is developed for the unsteady flow of fluid through a parallel rotating plate microchannel, under the influence of electrokinetic force using the Debye–Hückel (DH) approximation. Transient Navier–Stokes equations are solved exactly in terms of the cosine Fourier series using the separation of variables method. The effects of frame rotation frequency and electroosmotic force on the fluid velocity and the flow rate distributions are investigated. The rotating system is found to have a damped oscillatory behavior. It is found that the period and the decay rate of the oscillations are independent of the DH parameter (κ). A time dependent structure of the boundary layer is observed at higher rotational frequencies. Furthermore, the rotation is shown to generate a secondary flow and a parameter is defined (β(t)) to examine the ratio of the flow in the y and x directions. It showed that both the angular velocity and the Debye–Hückel parameters are influential on the induced transient secondary flow in the y direction. At high values of the Debye–Hückel parameter and the rotation parameter the flow rates in the x and y directions are found to be identical. The analytical solution results are found to be in good agreement with the numerical method results and previously published work in this field.
The characteristics of EOF in microchannels are typically examined by solving continuity and momentum equations in the presence of an electrical body force given by the Poisson–Boltzmann (PB) equation. These equations have been analytically solved for various geometries, flow properties and electrolyte solution characteristics using the Debye–Hückel (DH) approximation.10–18 This approximation can be used for small magnitudes of wall zeta-potential (<0.025 V) which makes the PB equation linear, thus leading to an analytical and explicit expression of the potential profile.
Levine et al.11 analytically solved the steady state problem of electrokinetic flow in a fine cylindrical capillary considering the DH approximation. This study provided a more precise calculation of the power requirements for pumping electrolytes through fine capillaries. Burgreen and Nakache10 analytically studied electrokinetic laminar steady flow in a very thin rectangular channel without the DH approximation. Their analysis provided a solution for cases of high ionic energy and a small electrokinetic radius. Hsu et al.12 theoretically studied the flow of an electrolyte solution through an elliptical microchannel to simulate the flow of a fluid in a vein. They considered a time independent spatial variation for the liquid velocity with different types of boundary conditions on the channel wall. In their analysis, they didn't consider any assumption regarding the thickness of the double layer or the level of the electrical potential in order to present a more realistic description for biological systems. They also reported that the effects of boundary conditions are more apparent when the size of a microchannel decreases. EOF in a human meridian was studied by Sheu et al.13 through a numerical model considering a steady state creeping flow for tissue fluid motion. The tissue fluids contain ions and nutrients and they interact with the blood in the capillary vessel through a complex nonlinear electro-osmosis transport process. EOF in microchannels in the presence of thermal effects has also attracted much attention. Chen15 presented analytical expressions for the velocity and the temperature distributions of a fully-developed non-Newtonian fluid flow in a microchannel subjected to heat flux at the boundary conditions. Das and Chakraborty16 obtained closed form expressions for the velocity and temperature distributions of steady and fully developed flow of a power-law fluid. They examined the effect of non-Newtonian parameters on flow behaviour.
In all the above mentioned studies, electrokinetic flow (more specifically EOF) was applied as the only means for controlling the flow of liquids in microfluidic channels.19 A plug-like velocity profile along with easy controllability are the main characteristics of EOF in microchannels. However, electrokinetic pumping suffers from drawbacks so researchers have been directed toward techniques for generating a secondary flow. First, physicochemical properties, such as ionic strength and pH, may affect the pumping performance. For example, excessive Joule heating (the process by which the passage of an electric current through a conductor releases heat) prohibits pumping of liquids with high ionic strengths.20 Therefore, it may be difficult or impossible to use EOF to pump biological fluids, such as blood and urine.21 Second, electrokinetic pumping requires high-voltage supplies which may have adverse safety effects. Third, electrokinetic pumping only works for fluids without any trapped bubbles in the microchannels. Finally, due to Joule heating, EOF cannot be used for high flow rates (>1 μL s−1) in wide channels (>1 μm).21 A simple and safe alternative for controlling the flow of liquids in microfluidic channels is based on centrifugal force which is not sensitive to the chemical properties of the liquid. This system can also be applied for liquids with trapped bubbles and a wide range of channel sizes. In a centrifugal system, the fluid spatial and temporal controls have to be incorporated over the position of the fluids in the micro-channels.
Duffy et al.21 conducted an experimental investigation on the effect of centrifugal force on the micro-flow transport through microscopic channels fabricated in a plastic disk. The fluid was pumped outward using centrifugal force due to the rotation of the disk at 60–3000 rpm. They applied this method to pump biological fluids, such as blood and urine, since the driving force for the fluid flow was no longer sensitive to the physicochemical properties of the fluids such as pH and ionic strength. Chang and Wang22 investigated steady state rotating EOF over an infinite plate and inside a rectangular channel using the DH approximation for the charge distributions. They have shown that, the speed of rotation and the electrokinetic width are the most important parameters affecting the steady flow in a microchannel. In addition, they have demonstrated that when the speed of rotation increases, axial and transverse flows vanish and the entire system forms a rigid body rotation. Xie and Jian23 analysed the rotating EOF of power-law fluids at high zeta potentials in a microchannel. They applied the nonlinear PB equation for the EDL potential distribution. Using the finite difference method, they have numerically computed the rotating EOF velocity profiles for non-Newtonian fluids. However, the velocity profiles in their study are only computed for the steady-state conditions. Li et al.24 continued this study for the third grade fluids. They used the perturbation method to approximately obtain the solutions by assuming a slight non-Newtonian behaviour. Recently, Ng and Qi25 presented a more detailed study on electro-osmotic flow in rotating rectangular microchannels. They considered the same steady state problem as in ref. 22 to represent the effect of the channel width and different combination of wall charges on the Ekman-EDL, flow structure and flow rate.
In this study an analytical solution is developed for transient electroosmotic flow in a rotating microchannel. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this time dependent behaviour has not been reported in an exact closed-form series solution. First, a general solution of the problem is obtained via the superposition and separation of variables techniques. By using a cosine Fourier series expansion, the governing complex partial differential equation (PDE) was solved to yield a closed-form solution. Next, the analytical solutions for the velocity and flow rate were applied to some examples. Structures of the boundary layer at higher rotational frequencies were studied and the rotational induced secondary flows are discussed. Moreover, transient secondary flow in the y direction is shown to be dependent on angular velocity and the Debye–Hückel parameters. Finally, the analytical solution results were compared with numerical solutions from Mathematica and previously published results.
The basic field equations governing the flow of an incompressible fluid between two parallel walls of a microchannel are the continuity equation and the modified Cauchy equation given by
|∇·u* = 0
|Electron charge, e
|Boltzmann constant, kB
|Avogadro's number, NA
|6.022 × 10−23 mol−1
|Electric permittivity, ε
|695 × 10−12 F m−1
|Molar conductivity, σM
|(151.9 − 143.36) × 10−4 S m2 mol−1
|Electric field strength, E
|104 V m−1
|Molar concentration,
|10−5 to 10−2 mol L−1
|Wall electric potential, ψ
|10 mV
|Electric field strength, E
|104 V m−1
|Absolute temperature, T
|Dynamic viscosity, μ
|10−3 Pa s
|Density, ρ
|103 kg m−3
|Channel width, 2h
|200 μm
To find the electric potential distribution within the EDL the Poisson–Nernst–Planck (PNP) model is considered. The species conservation equation can be written as:
The term, ρe is the Boltzmann distribution of the net electric charge density near to the charged walls described as31
In the present study, it is assumed that the wall electrical potential is small (ψ = 10 ≤ 25 mV) compared to the thermal potential of the charged species (|eξψ| ≤ kBT). Hence, the DH linearization principle (sinh(A) ≈ A)8,32 can be applied to obtain the following simpler linear relation:
Scaling factors are defined to simplify the analysis procedure as follows:
Applying these scaling factors to eqn (1.b) and (7) along with considering the no-slip (zero velocities) boundary conditions on the channel walls, the following dimensionless governing equations are obtained in the x and y directions:
To facilitate solutions of eqn (9.a) and (9.b), a complex function of χ(z, t) = u(z, t) + iv(z, t) with i = −1 was used. Hence, the hydrodynamic equations (eqn (9.a) and (9.b) can be written as a single complex partial differential equation as follows:
|χ(z, t) = χ1(z) + χ2(z, t)
Applying the corresponding boundary conditions to the differential equation eqn (13), yields the steady state component of the velocity profile as22 follows:
Eqn (14) is solved using the separation of variables method by assuming χ2(z, t) = Z(z)T(t), with Z(z) and T(t) being the spatial and temporal functions, respectively.
The new form for χ2(z, t) is substituted into eqn (14) to obtain the following separated ordinary differential equations (ODEs) for z and t:
A solution of eqn (16) for Z(z) satisfying its boundary conditions Z(1) = Z(−1) = 0 can be assumed to take the form Z(z) = cos(λnz) with λn = (2n + 1)π/2. Also, the exact solution for T(t) in eqn (16) is as follows:
Next, the initial condition requires χ2(z, 0) = −χ1(z) and the coefficient Cn is determined as
Finally, the solution for χ(z, t) is:
Integrating eqn (19) with respect to z leads to the following expression for the normalized complex volume flow rate per width:
Terms, Qx(t) and Qy(t) are the transient flow rates in the x and y direction, respectively. Finally, β(t) = tan−1[Qy(t)/Qx(t)] is defined as a parameter representing the rotationally induced transient secondary flow in the y direction.
The solution represented in eqn (19) goes through three stages of development. Firstly, when ωt ≪ 1, the Coriolis force in the momentum eqn (9) is small compared to the stress gradient. Using the relationship eiωt = cos(ωt) + isin(ωt) at this stage, eqn (19) is re-written as follows:
At this stage, the solution is related to a non-rotating transport accelerated by a constant stress. Next, at longer times, the Coriolis force deflects the flow towards steady-state conditions. The solution undergoes damped inertial oscillations near the steady-state conditions. Finally, after a long time, for ωt ≫ 1 momentum completely diffuses to the microchannel flow. At this stage, the velocity field in the microchannel is at the final phase of inertial oscillations, which are damped by the viscous stress gradient. Therefore, the inertial oscillations are dissipated and one may use the first unsteady term of solution in eqn (19) for a long time solution, as represented in the literature.22
2-D dimensionless contour plots of velocity evolution (x-component, u(z, t)) and the centre-line velocity profile versus time are shown in Fig. 2. To investigate the influence of rotation, different values for the dimensionless rotation parameter ω = 1.0, 2.5, 5.0, 10 and 20 are used. The transient centre-line velocity is also plotted to have a better comparison of the velocity magnitude and behaviour at the centre of the channel at various ω values. In all these figures, the horizontal axis is the dimensionless time parameter (0 < t < 3).
|Fig. 2 2-D dimensionless velocity evolution u(z, t) for κ = 1. Dimensionless angular velocities, ω = (a) 1.0, (b) 2.5, (c) 5.0, (d) 10, and (e) 20, and (f) uc centre-line velocity profile versus time.
Results show that, as the frequency of rotation increases, the oscillatory behaviour of the flow field increases too. Generally, as is observed in Fig. 2a–e, the values and ranges of the velocity in the x-direction are reduced as the angular velocity increases. This is attributed to the effects of ω on the initiation of the secondary flow or the y-component of the flow.22 It should be noted that, the velocity is positive in the whole cross-section of the channel when ω = 1, whereas when increasing the ω, negative values are also observed in the velocity contour plots. This could be related to the fact that higher rotational centrifugal force pushes the flow back in the x-direction. The reduction of the centre-line velocity, as shown in Fig. 2f, confirms these observations. As is seen, the velocity at the centre is reduced when the frequency of rotation increases and becomes almost zero at ω = 20. Furthermore, the position of the maximum velocity moves from the centre of the microchannel toward the walls when ω increases. The same trend was also reported by Chang and Wang.22
In Fig. 3, the transient 2-D dimensionless velocity u(z, t) and the centre-line velocity profile are plotted for κ = 5 for the same range of angular velocities as in Fig. 2. As is observed, the oscillatory behaviour of the fluid flow didn't change when increasing the DH parameter. According to eqn (17), the period of the velocity oscillations is equal to π/ω, regardless of the DH parameter. At higher rotational frequencies, the structure of the boundary layer is observed. The boundary layer structure is found to be time dependent in the present work which was not noticed in earlier studies.22,25
|Fig. 3 2-D dimensionless velocity evolution u(z, t) for κ = 5. Dimensionless angular velocities, ω = (a) 1.0, (b) 2.5, (c) 5.0, (d) 10, and (e) 20, and (f) uc centre-line velocity profile versus time.
However, it is clear that the velocity magnitude increased when increasing the DH parameter. At higher κ values the effect of the induced electroosmotic forces (i.e., body force per unit volume on the fluid) becomes more influential, thus increasing the fluid velocity in the x-direction. Also, the effect of ω on u(z, t) is dampened at higher κ values. It becomes more evident when we compare the ratios of the maximum velocity represented on the range bars at different angular velocities. For example, umax at ω = 1.0 over umax at ω = 2.5 for κ = 1 and κ = 5 is 1.92 and 1.48, respectively. In order to examine the effect of a large value DH parameter on the x-component of the 2-D dimensionless velocity pattern and the centre-line velocity profile, κ was set at 1000 and the results are presented in Fig. 4. As shown, there is a small change in the range of the velocity with the change in ω. This is due to the significant effects of the electroosmotic forces at high κ values. Here, it must be noted that, to avoid inconsistency in using the DH approximation we assumed κ ≤ 103 as mentioned in the problem formulation section. The ratio of umax at ω = 1.0 over umax at ω = 2.5 in this case is about 1.0.
|Fig. 4 2-D dimensionless velocity evolution u(z, t) for κ = 1000. Dimensionless angular velocities, ω = (a) 1.0, (b) 2.5, (c) 5.0, (d) 10, and (e) 20, and (f) uc centre-line velocity profile versus time.
From Fig. 2–4 and eqn (17) it can be concluded that the period of the velocity oscillations is constant (π/ω) and the rate of decay of oscillations is λn2 which is independent of the DH parameter. The inertial oscillations are dissipated (i.e., third stage of development) through momentum diffusion. The results related to the transient electroosmotic flow in a non-rotating microchannel are plotted for three DH parameters (κ = 1, 5 and 1000) in Fig. 2f and 4f. As is observed, there is an excellent agreement between our results and the literature data.33 Compared to the conventional laminar flows, one of the most important characteristics of electro-osmosis flow is the front plug-like profile. To show this feature, we have plotted the velocity profiles in the steady-state part of Fig. 2a and 4a as well (for ω = 1.0). One can clearly see the plug-like profile especially when the Debye–Hückel parameter (κ) increases.
In Fig. 5, the transient 2-D dimensionless velocity evolution in the y-direction (v(z, t)) and the centre-line velocity (Vc) profiles versus time are presented for κ = 1 and various dimensionless angular velocities, ω = (a) 1.0, (b) 2.5, (c) 5.0, (d) 10, and (e) 20. The time interval is 0 < t < 3. The velocity in the y-direction is also observed to follow an oscillatory behaviour. However, the most important distinction between u and v is that for all the positive values of ω and κ, the sign of the velocity in the y-direction is always negative. This means that the direction of the induced secondary flow is always −y.
|Fig. 5 2-D dimensionless velocity evolution v(z, t) for κ = 1. Dimensionless angular velocities, ω = (a) 1.0, (b) 2.5, (c) 5.0, (d) 10, and (e) 20, and (f) Vc centre-line velocity profile versus time.
The variations of the y-component velocity and centre line velocities for κ = 5 and κ = 1000 were also investigated and the results are presented in Fig. 6 and 7, respectively. The most important distinctions are as follow.
|Fig. 6 2-D dimensionless velocity evolution v(z, t) for κ = 5. Dimensionless angular velocities, ω = (a) 1, (b) 2.5, (c) 5.0, (d) 10, and (e) 20, and (f) Vc centre-line velocity profile versus time.
|Fig. 7 2-D dimensionless velocity evolution v(z, t) for κ = 1000. Dimensionless angular velocities, ω = (a) 1.0, (b) 2.5, (c) 5.0, (d) 10, and (e) 20, and (f) Vc centre-line velocity profile versus time.
Higher rotation frequency leads to more oscillatory behaviour of the flow velocity. Also, velocity gets some positive values when the DH parameter increases. This is directly linked to the effect of the driving force of the electroosmotic forces at high κ values on the y-component of the velocity field. Furthermore, as the rotation frequency increases the probability of boundary layer initiation increases too which is in full agreement with previous reports.22,25
Fig. 8 shows the evolution of β over time (0 < t < 3) for κ = 1000 with different dimensionless angular velocities, ω = (a) 0.1, (b) 1.0, (c) π, and (d) 5.0. It is indicated that ω has a noticeable effect on the oscillatory behaviour of the flow. Smaller values of ω led to an almost non-oscillatory behaviour for β(t) which was seen before for the velocity behaviour. As shown, the value of β(t) increases significantly with the increase of ω. This means that, physically, the secondary induced flow is enhanced as the frequency of rotation increases. Also, the secondary induced flow parameter varies most rapidly with smaller values of ω which is in full agreement with the findings of Chang and Wang.22
|Fig. 8 Evolution of β with time for κ = 1000 with different dimensionless angular velocities, ω = (a) 0.1, (b) 1, (c) π, and (d) 5.
Fig. 9 shows the evolution of β over time (0 < t < 3) for ω = 5 with different DH parameters, κ = (a) 1.0, (b) 5.0, (c) 50, and (d) 1000. It is clear that increasing the DH parameter (κ) leads to a decrease in the value of β(t). For the large values of κ, β(t) gradually approaches 45. This means that for large κ, equal flows in both the x and y directions are obtained which matches well with the Chang and Wang calculations to generate Fig. 8 in their study.22 The governing equations are also solved numerically using Mathematica. As can be seen in Fig. 8 and 9, the exact analytical solution results are in very good agreement with those obtained through numerical computation. Moreover, as indicated in Fig. 8 and 9, it should be pointed out that the effect of the angular velocity gradually fades as the momentum diffusion increases which is also observed in Fig. 1. As a result, β(t) approaches its steady state value, as reported by Chang and Wang,22 when the time is long enough.
A time dependent structure of the boundary layer was observed at higher rotational frequencies. The effects of ω on the initiation of the secondary flow were examined. Furthermore, the β(t) parameter was investigated to show the effect of the angular velocity and the Debye–Hückel parameter on the induced transient secondary flow in the y direction. It is found that when the Debye–Hückel parameter and the rotation parameter are high, β(t) oscillates near 45 degrees implying identical flow rates in the x and y directions. Moreover, excellent agreement was found between the analytical results and the numerical results obtained using Mathematica.
|This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2016


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Welcome to Paper Inkspirations!
Hi! My name is Krissy, welcome to my blog. I have been an avid paper-crafter for many years, my addiction started with scrapbooking and has evolved to card-making. It all started when I realized that I had forgotten to buy a card for my nephew's birthday. Looking at my ever-expanding collection of scrapbook supplies, I thought I'd made a card for him. Since then, I've been hooked on card-making and my scrapbooks have been collecting dust. Someday I'll get back to them... I have two beautiful boys and a wonderful & supportive husband and I work at the Preschool at our church. When I'm not spending time with my family or making cards, I enjoy being active in our church. Life is good! Thanks for stopping by, I hope you enjoy your visit.
Take time to get inky today....
Wednesday, June 2, 2010
First Aid Kit
Although this project doesn't include any stamping, it very easily could. I kept it simple since I was making 17 of them for end of year teachers' gifts. The first aid kit itself, is one from travel/trial size section at Target, it includes some bandaids and some cleansing wipes. It's a nice little size to keep in a glove compartment or desk. I decorated the outside with designer paper and printed my messages on the computer.
There was a little boy in our community who recently lost his battle with an inoperable brain tumor. He was a patient at Children's Memorial Hospital - so this gift and donation not only honors the teachers it is also in his honor.
Well, friends, I better get busy. I need to make a birthday card for my Aunt Maxine who is celebrating her 90th birthday this weekend!
If you have a chance, and you are on Facebook, check out the Stampendous page. They always have great posts and inspiration. Today one of my cards and my blog are featured! What an honor!
Take time to get inky today!
1 comment:
- Anita Rex said...
What a great idea! A first aid kit!
- June 7, 2010 at 3:06 PM
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subset: commoncrawl


text: RESET is the sequel to Our Lady of the Skies by XARRIER sound~artist antimatter. Check the song preview on the X0p3rw3rx page. Accelerating in space the c0zm0nauts float like Major Time. Night noise consciousness, blinding bluuzz, super massive black hole, dark matter & invisible suns conspire in an post~orbital conference u.v. nonlinear harmonik distortionz.


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I've come back to this subject first aired yesterday, as I have a little bit more to say about it.
And I've finally remembered, after wasting hours yesterday flailing around and swearing, how to embed the video of Ollie Locke and his make up tips (see above) properly.
What has been pointed out to me since I posted this yesterday, by my lovely Twitter pal @breeplayer, is that I predicted this trend towards men wearing make up in 'real life' in my book Handbags and Gladrags, which came out in 2004. Oooh!
The heroine's (ghastly) image-obsessed husband is a brand manager fora major cosmetics line called Slap and there is a plot point around the idea of 'Slap for Chaps' – make up for meterosexual men. I'd completely forgotten about it until Bree reminded me. (That's normal for me. I forget everything about my books the minute I've finished them. Odd.)
Here's a snippet from it: 'Slap for Chaps was having a stand at the selling exhibition as well and he'd probably be parading around wearing it, I realised, with a sinking heart. I knew it had done amazing things for the precious 'brand', but I still didn't enjoy seeing my husband got up like Hugh Grant from the neck down and Eddie Izzard fromt he neck up.'
What makes it even more thrilling is that the horrible husband's name is… wait for it…. Ollie! How spooky is that?
But I have to say, this has happened with most of my books – something I've made up becomes an actual fact at a later point. It's very odd. I'm not saying I have the power of prophecy (if only – Lottery numbers anyone?), but it fits in with Jung's idea of the collective unconscious, which I've always found compelling.
Certainly, when fiction writing really starts to flow, you feel like you aren't so much making it up, as having it fed to you. It's most peculiar and other novelists have confirmed the same feeling. The less you think it, the more it happens. This is the mechanism by which plots seem to work themselves out.
I don't think it's some supernatural phenomenon, I think it's allowing the bit of the brain we don't actively operate – the subconcious – to do its thing. So thanks to Bree, for pointing this one out to me.
Now, back to Slap for Chaps (and resuming yesterday's post).
Last week we wondered whether men can wear skirts and judging by the comments the majority view is: Yes, why not, and please do.
Then along comes Ollie Locke, from the guilty pleasure joy that is the new British TV show 'Made in Chelsea'. Along comes Ollie with his bronzer…
Ollie wears make up every day and thinks all men should. He's straight by the way. As he exhorts from the opening moments of this video clip: 'It doesn't make you any less manly…'
Actually, I think it does. I think it makes him look like a big girl. A rather mixed up lady boy.
Oddly, a girl it particularly makes him look like is Gabriella Ellis (lounging casually below), who features in the same show, which is in the 'scripted documentary' format, of real people in contrived situations. It's made by the same company which came up with the first UK version of that genre, cult hit 'The Only Way Is Essex'.
To get back to Ollie's face slap, I'm confused by my reaction to it, because I do heartily stand by my belief that men should be allowed to wear all kinds of garments – just as women wear trousers, tuxedos etc. I'm all for freedom of self expression.
But while I loved David Bowie and Boy George as much as the next 80s kid – and totally get the Keith Richards/Jack Sparrow bad boy eye liner, I just don't fancy a man in day make up. Although I do find Ollie a terribly engaging character. I think he's got great comic timing in that clip.
I think it's the idea of sharing a bathroom with one. My husband uses moisturiser, but imagine having to fight with your bloke for the hair straightener? Or even mirror time. Reckon that would be in short supply for anyone else in Ollie's gaff.
One thing I am with Ollie on though – the time-saving marvel that is dry shampoo.
So what do you think about straight men wearing make up?
PS: This is really Saturday's post, but it came along today and one thing I learned over years on newspapers is – never sit on a good story.
So this is instead of Saturday's in case another choice item comes along.
And another thing – I do have to keep saying this – I have a new book out. Lots of columns. Marvellously good fun and all that.


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Vintage Military 6 1/4" Frying Pan N.O.S.
- Item #: Frying pan 6 1/4inches
Heavy Duty, Commercial Grade, Vintage Military, Frying Pan
Great for:
Commercial Restaurant Kitchens
Manufacturer - Legion Utensils
Width - 6 1/4 "
Handle Length - 6"
NOS, never used, Pre 1976.
Has some scratches and scrapes due to long term storage.
Shipping and Handling is additional Call or email is for pricing.
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text:
Aside from how generally cool and badass I find it that my great grandma was that witchy Chinese lady predicting futures left and right, a major perk is inheriting some of her cool, badass, witchy, vintage, and, yes, absolutely funky possessions. Decks, tools, and as you can see here, a "game."
The running theme these possessions have are that of "fortune telling." In the range of predictive readers, I would pin myself in the middle range; I don't often decline to make predictions, but it has never been my primary interest or area of focus. Thus, I find this delve pretty exciting and I'd like it to push me to growing further in my range of accuracy and comfort in predictive readings. If anything, this stuff just looks pretty fun, if we're being honest (I mean, look at that board. We have dice and everything).
I'm aiming for this to be a series of reviewing and experimenting with a few of the decks in my possession (although I do regularly use her lenormand deck anyhow), as well as three "games," Astro Dice being the first! Let's jump in.
Introducing Astro Dice
Before we take my excitement at face value and go around throwing dice, I want to assert that this is a legitimate predictive tool, even if it doesn't look like your cup of tea. The box cover says "game," but the inside of the box cover reads:
This is not a game, but you can play it. It is not a toy, but you can use it. It's based on scientific astrological forces– The Sun. The Moon. The Stars. The Planets.
I'll be honest and say I've never heard of the concept of Astro Dice prior to receiving this, but it looks like there are versions out there still, albeit I cannot find one with this kind of board. According to my box, the one in my possession was produced in 1969.
How it works
This is one of the possessions of hers that came with a guide book, thankfully! The functionality of the board is actually very simple. The dice each have planets on them, the board is split into houses, and instructions can be summarized like this:
- Lay out the board, and hold all three dice in your hand.
- Ask and concentrate on one question.
- Toss all three dice at the same time.
- Refer back to the booklet for the reading.
- This can be repeated three times for a full reading, but it doesn't seem necessary to do it this many times.
- The booklet urges you not to consult the dice again for the same question within the same 24 hours. Agreed, my booklet friend, agreed.
There's a few more steps outlined, specifically regarding what to do when a dice lands in the center (reroll for just that dice), or on the line (your call, either read for both houses or move it to one side that it leans more towards), etc., but for the most part, this is it.
My Trial Reading
The reading I conducted is shown in the first photo of the board; the dice positioning was my actual dice landing, although one dice did land in the center, in which case I rerolled. I only rolled once, as I felt satisfied by this answer and was not too sure I wanted to hear much more. I'm not a big fan of getting predictive readings for myself much right now in general, after all.
In a few weeks, I will be jetting off to another country to meet my boyfriend's parents and generally spend time with him and all of that good jazz, but it's not any secret that traveling can be stressful, and certainly for my Aries Sun double Virgo placement butt, I have a not-so-awesome need to plan everything perfectly. To hopefully ease some of my anxiety, I asked very simply, "What can I expect from this trip?" (Don't ask me why I asked this, knowing full well predictive tools are not "nice" or here to ease your anxiety).
Dice 1: Mercury in 1st House
The guidebook points out a few things: a desire for change, impulsivity, overactive thoughts, and finally urges me to think before I speak. I like that the book still pushes and guides you despite being a dominantly predictive tool. (That's how I like my tools: bossy).
I think this prediction makes sense, given that certainly being in another country alone is something in of itself so exciting; I imagine that my excitement and energy has the potential to manifest itself as overactive until I burn out or completely waste my time and attention on something that is entirely different than my initial focus for even being there. I'll definitely keep my eye out for this kind of impulse. Note taken, Astro Dice.
Dice 2: Pluto in 5th House
A house of looooove, ego, and dramatics. This repeats generally the same themes — new ventures, high energy, welcoming change, ambition. But it also centers the focus on the 5th house, pointing out that this can manifest in my actual relationship, when I myself was focused on my significant other's parents & the nature of travel in general, so this is a nice reminder of the fact that the energy I bring into this trip can and, visibly here, does manifest in my relationship too.
Dice 3: Pars of Fortune (Fortuna) in 9th House
You know that feeling when the cards (or in this case, dice) just really tells you what you want to hear, even after throwing on some shade at you for the entirety of the reading? I ear-to-ear grinned at this result, I really did.
There were two specific lines from the book that just gave me all I had to see with this dice: "You will be contented on foreign shores," and "Your partner's relatives would like to be included in your plans." Speaks for itself, right? Anyhow, I'll absolutely be keeping the advice and warnings of the previous two dice in mind, and all in all I was really satisfied with this reading, as well as generally with this method. I can see these readings becoming more comprehensive with the more throws you put in, but I was happy with just the one.
I think there's a sense of seriousness and gravity that I have to really get into the mood for when it comes to lenormand readings & my typical predictive style, but getting to throw around some dice sure was more fun, even if it dragged me to the sun and back for a bit there. I will absolutely be using this again, and if interest develops and I put in some more practice, I'd be thrilled to add this as an option to my bookings. Let me know your thoughts as always!


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What-does.net is your comprehensive online definition dictionary. If you are not sure how to define Grass, our website can provide you with the appropriate definition. On this page, you can find what is Grass.
Grass meaning
grass - 2 dictionary results
grass - examples of usage
- As I glanced over the bank something slipped out of sight into the tall grass. - "Ways of Wood Folk", William J. Long.
- But it was only his own grass that he had to deal with. - "The Devil's Garden", W. B. Maxwell.
- In a week or ten days after the first lot of cattle is taken up from grass, a second lot is taken up. - "Cattle and Cattle-breeders", William M'Combie.


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Sunday, July 11, 2010
First Haircut
Also, in my defense Lily is scared of scissors. We've given her a healthy fear of them and taught her they can give her boo-boos so every time she sees them she says with a worried face "No touch. Boo-Boos". So I imagined a stranger coming at her with scissors and there'd be wailing, thrashing, screaming, and code 10 tantrum right in the chair. Um, she kinda did the opposite and didn't move a muscle. There she goes making me look like a liar again. I still say the barbie car and barney video helped matters greatly.
this is when I got teary. when i saw the first snip of the wet bangs, i knew we were in trouble. i wanted to scream "way too short lady, how could u do that?" and push her down, scissors in hand. sure, they look decent length now, but once they dry watch out...
Not so bad, but now we have all these flyaway pieces of hair that are part of her back that creep up and want to be part of the bang crew. they're growing slowly but surely back in to a normal length and it's aged her at least a year! No joke, if u ask Lily how old she is now, she will say "free" for 3 90% of the time. She was at kindermusik the other day and the teacher asked her in front of the whole class how old she was and she waited about 5-7 seconds and I was just about to answer for her thinking she was being shy, but little ole' pinocchio affirmatively shouted out "free". lol
These pictures may be a few weeks old, but we are knee deep in house projects right now and have a serious deadline to get them all finished. If you saw our house right now, you'd think a serious bomb went off and we shouldn't have our C.O. to live here. I thought we had the whole summer to casually tackle them all, but we're heading on vaca then David is having surgery on his elbow when we return (sniff, sniff) so once he scheduled that he informed me he'd be out of commission for 6+ weeks after that. Gasp. Gasp. Gasp. He'll be better just in time to juggle a baby and toddler so we're doing our best to finish the nursery, while creating a new guest bedroom/playroom/office in the den. Wish us luck!
life is good.
8 comments:
- Andrea said...
I love, love, love the bangs!!!!! She is just PRECIOUS!
- Sunday, 11 July, 2010
- Anna Ruth said...
I think the bangs make her look so grown up, but I do love them.
- Sunday, 11 July, 2010
- Anna Ruth said...
- This comment has been removed by the author.
- Sunday, 11 July, 2010
- Tisha said...
the bangs are adorable,although from the during pic I can totally see why you might have wanted to freak about them being too short. She does look older!!
oh my, i can't wait to see new baby boy's nursery!!!!!
- Monday, 12 July, 2010
- Tracy Balderach said...
This post had me in hysterics! You motivate me to do the same with Elsie. I still haven't had her hair cut yet either. Well Lily looks adorable with the bangs, so any fears you had while she was in the chair can be set aside for memories and chuckles! Good luck with the house projects- we are doing the same, minus expecting a baby. Hope to see you in FL in a few weeks! I'll call you when we get to Naples! xxoo Happy vacation!
- Monday, 12 July, 2010
- The Manrings said...
ohhh first haircut, what a big deal. i'm with ya....i am avoiding her first haircut but after reading your post maybe i shouldn't keep putting it off. hehehehe.
i love her new big girl bangs. very two-year old-ish. hehehe. good luck with the house projects!! xo
- Monday, 12 July, 2010
- Christine said...
Kelly, Lily is a DOLL! Thank God for such a beautiful, healthy girl. Her 1st haircut was a big first step for you, I'm sure. I would've been JUST as nervous :) Thanks for posting, as always-brings me so much joy!
- Monday, 12 July, 2010
- Heidi said...
oh my goodness, what a cute haircut!
i miss her little face. i want to eat her up!!! i miss her mama too!
- Wednesday, 14 July, 2010


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Today it's time to head out to wine country. Luckily for us, Alba is not only home to amazing food, but also happens to be located in the Piedmont region, whose hilly area, the Langhe, is a major wine production province. Yesterday we dipped our toe in the water with Barolo, which left me slightly underwhelmed, and so I am pinning all of my hopes on today to be completely wowed by what Italy has to offer when it comes to wine. Continue reading "Black Beauty"
Today I'm leaving America. A quick breakfast on The Strip, and then it's time for this chapter to sadly come to close. Continue reading "The end has no end"
There's two Jack's I love in life, Daniel and White, and both are conveniently located here in Tennessee.
Today I'm heading out to Lynchburg to tour the Jack Daniel's Distillery. Fantasising about visiting ever since I first caught sight of the JD posters in their black and white on the London Underground; I'm excited to take a tour of Old Number 7. Continue reading "You don't know Jack."


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Takbir Fatima
Design is so ingrained in Takbir Fatima, that most of her hobbies and activities are related to the profession itself. Travelling and participating in adventure sports aside, she loves to solve puzzles, and has even designed them. "There's no getting away from (being) a designer!" says the 34-year-old architect who sees her profession more as a calling than work. "Once you find your calling, it will fulfill you like no vacation ever can," is the mantra she lives by.
At age six itself, she began drawing plans of houses, moving from spaces that existed to ones from her imagination. Growing up, she also developed a love for poetry and computer programming. "I was into deconstructing poetry and also learning the basics in programming, and I think that leads to design thinking as well," says the alumnus of CSIIT School of Architecture & Planning (affiliated to JNAFAU, Hyderabad).
Fatima's practice DesignAware had a very organic start. As a Master's student at the Architectural Association in London in 2011, she was working on a digital prototyping equipment when she started to design after hours, creating lighting, furniture and wearables. "After a year or so of graduating, I began to work on DesignAware full-time. It was born of a desire to raise awareness through design," she shares. With offices now in Hyderabad and Dubai, the studio enthusiastically takes up every type of project of varying topography, including pro-bono work.
The Hilltop School (which has been named Bright Horizon Academy) is one of Fatima's most significant works so far. A "dream project," the structure has innovative concepts that were designed keeping in mind the principles of daylighting, passive cooling, safety and maintenance in the future life of the building. It has received a silver rating from the Indian Green Building Council. "This was our first project, and we are still closely associated with the school, including running an annual crowdfunding campaign to collect funds for it – called #MakeProgressPossible."
The principles and the rigours of iterative design should always take precedence, rather than allowing digital tools to take over the design process, according to Fatima. "I see a lot of mimicking of predefined design styles as opposed to problem-solving, which is actually what real design is," says the young architect who finds paper to be the best design tool – not just for sketching, but to make quick models in 3D too.


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The Rise of Drone. From internet delivering drones to those disrupting the supply chain industry by delivering goods (think Pizza) at your doorstep, these unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) have managed to become an indispensable tool within virtually every industry in just a few years if you're a passionate photographer thinking of taking up aerial photography or simply a hobbyist interested in flying drones, understanding the underlying functionality and knowing how they can be extremely helpful.
How Drones Work:
Although a drone might seem simple and effortless on the surface, it's actually composed of a variety of highly intricately designed components and parts that help the thing fly.
- Frame: The body of the drone is made out of a sturdy but lightweight material (usually plastic, fiberglass or carbon fiber) that is capable of allowing the drone to gain altitude and fly easily. The frame acts as an external protective case that houses all of the important electronic components of the drone at the center, including the spokes that radiate outward from this point. The frame also acts as additional protection against water. You don't want the drone to malfunction just because it's raining!
- Propellers: These are the wing-shaped structures that help generate torque for the drone and are essentially responsible for all kinds of drone movement, including flying, hovering, tilting, turning as well as moving forwards and backward. These propellers are highly sensitive to slight variations in the rotational speed and help you maneuver the drone in the direction you want.
- Motor & Battery: The motor provides all the rotational power required to move the propellers and provide the power for the rotors to actually move. Some of the latest drones now include brushless motors which are more energy efficient and help save battery life. Speaking of which, the battery used to power the electronics within the drone is Lithium Polymer Type Li-Po battery, that is known for its light-weight and high energy density. While Li-Po batteries do pose a challenge in terms of handling them, they are highly suitable for flying drones.
- Camera & Gimbal: Go-Pro cameras are probably the most popular cameras used in drones. Go-Pro provides high-definition results with a variety of angles that are suitable for capturing images and making videos. All drones usually come with a Gimbal that helps stabilize the picture when the drone is on the move. Without a Gimbal, the image captured by the camera would always be blurry because of the motion. A Gimbal does not only take care of this motion but also helps neutralize and dampen any vibration that may occur as the camera takes photos or videos when the drone is flying. Another great feature that the Gimbal offers is that of providing a three-dimensional rotation that provides to take photos and videos at a 360-degree angle.
- Receiver: Drones also feature a standard radio signal receiver that allows the drone to receive instructions signals being transmitted by the pilot. The receiver is usually equipped with 4 to 5 channels that allow for easier pick-up of navigational signals and instructions.
- Global Positioning System: A drone wouldn't be complete without a GPS receiver. Simply put, a GPS receiver let the pilot know the exact location of the drone, it's position, elevation as well as a compass heading. This way, the pilot can always be in complete control of the flight path of the drone. Another important advantage of the GPS is that it allows you to select a failsafe home point so that you can easily locate your drone even if you lose sight of it.
- Flight Controller: Flight controller is like the brain of the entire drone. It acts as an integrating center that receives inputs from all other parts of the drone like the GPS information, battery status, and all other relevant sensors on board. Flight Controller acts a regulator by sending signals to various parts of the drone and helping in adjusting motor speed, varying camera angle, initiating auto-pilot mode, etc.
- Landing Gear: This part is often ignored or overlooked when talking about drones. Landing gear is a highly essential component of a drone as it provides protection against unstable landings. Some drones come with fixed landing gear, others have a retractable landing gear feature. Regardless of what the landing gear looks like, its primary feature is to provide protection and preserve inner sensitive electronic machinery contained within the drones during landing (particularly the camera that has all the images and video data).
Aside from the parts discussed above, drones come equipped with several types of sensors depending on the model of the type of drone you have. Types of sensors usually vary. For example, some drones may come with different types of laser or thermal sensors that help generate a variety of data.
How it All Comes Together
Without getting all technical, drones rely largely on the rotors for achieving flight. To achieve vertical motion, the rotors act as a fan to provide the necessary propulsion to let the drone gain flight. This might sound like a complicated physics lesson, but it's actually a really simple concept. As the rotors begin to spin, they push down on the air, and thanks to Newton's Third Law (Every action has an equal but opposite reaction) the air pushes up on the rotor, which provides the drone with the upward force required to defy gravity. The forward and sideways motions rely on the interplay of forces as well which ultimately ends up producing enough torque, allowing the drone to fly. So without dumping any further complicated terms, the majority of the drone movement relies on the spin of the rotors.
And this is where the motor and the flight control center come in. The flight control center receives signals being transmitted by the pilot and sends this information to the motor which adjusts its speed in order to alter the spin of the rotors and help move the drone in the direction required. Through the collaboration between the various parts of a drone, a pilot can easily adjust and change direction, vary speed and angle of a drone without any hassle.
Drones Control & Communication
You need to be able to communicate with your drone wirelessly, and there are different ways this is made possible. While some of the older models feature only one or the other mode of communication, modern drone models are equipped with all of the latest modes of communication including wifi, radio, and GPS.
1. Radio Frequencies:
Radio waves can allow you to communicate with your drone remotely. Drones that communicate using radio waves usually come with a signal transmitter that you can use to send radio signals at specific frequencies that are then picked up by the drone. Usually, the drones have a unique identification code that can be used to identify the radio signals thereby preventing anyone else to control your drone.
2. Wifi Controls:
Drones nowadays come equipped with wifi so that the video being captured by the camera can be sent to your computer or any other device instantaneously over the internet. Certain drones also come with their own app that you can easily download on your tablet or phone and control the movements of the drone via the app. The app and the drone receive and send signals through the wifi alone.
As mentioned earlier, a GPS can enable your drone to communicate the exact location of where it is at any given moment. Some drones may send this information directly to the app that you use to control the drone with. A GPS is a great way to ensure that you always know exactly where your drone is or where it is headed.
What the future holds
Drone live-streaming has become a new trend recently that has generated this hype for drones in general that didn't exist before. With live-streaming capabilities controlled via the app on your phone, you can take things one step further and engage users by sharing your drone footage directly through your device. They are a variety of applications of this feature. Drone live-stream footage can be priceless in the media industry. Emergency respondents and rescue teams can benefit from drone live-footage sharing capabilities significantly by sharing the footage with the rest of the team and be more efficient in terms of the decisions that they take. Drone live-streams can be also be used by police to perform rescue searched in remote locations more easily. Drone technology is, therefore, just starting to evolve and develop even further.
Drone aerial photography and videography are likely to experience significant boosts as well as the technology undergoes further advancements and become more accessible to users. Perhaps the future will bring more flexibility in terms of mounting cameras of your own choice or getting pictures or videos from a wide variety of angles that you specify. With new and advanced features being introduced every other day, it is more than likely that drones would have even wider applications in the future.


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A quick search on the internet revealed many different variations on the recipe, so I decided to start with the following recipe, adding more flour as needed:
2.5 cups flour
1/2 cup salt
This was a fun summer time craft, as when played with outside the mess is minimal! Happy crafting!
You can find more crafting ideas and other adventures with a preschooler on Diane's blog, Knitting Zeal!


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By Patrick Whalen
Well after a long two weeks of tests and work we're back in business and what a couple weeks it was for the Celtics that featured many ups and downs along the way. The long journey all began with the Anthony Davis trade request to begin February which led to the resparking of the Kyrie Irving leaving the Celtics rumors, specifically to the New York Knicks who the Celtics played to start this month. Kyrie also did not help in silencing the rumors as his answer to whether he was still committed to resigning was, "Ask me on July first." This, of course, set off a firestorm on Twitter and had every Knicks fan on the planet believing that Kyrie is going to be a Knick on July first. Knick fans also promptly greeted Irving with a flurry of cheers at MSG that night before the Celtics and Knicks tipped off.
Irving torched the Knicks for 23 points, 10 rebounds and 6 assists. Some of the veterans also stepped up to help shut the crowd in MSG up as Marcus Morris went for 18 points and 5 rebounds, Al Horford had 14 points and 9 rebounds and Gordon Hayward chipped in 14 points off the bench for the Celtics to pull away and win by a score of 113-99. This was a game the Celtics had the motivation to win and they did their job handling business in MSG. It also helped that the Knicks were without newly acquired DeAndre Jordan and Dennis Smith Jr and that Kadeem Allen was what they threw out as the starting point guard I mean come on now.
The Celtics then headed back home to the TD Garden to take on the OKC Thunder. The Garden has been the Celtics best friend since the calendar turned to 2019 as they entered this game with a 10-1 home record in 2019 with their one loss being to the Warriors by just 4 points. Kyrie Irving again balled out in this game with 30 points and 11 assists. The rest of the starting line up also stepped up against one of the best teams in the western conference. The veterans led the way as Marcus Morris had 19 points and 7 rebounds and Horford finished with 17 points and 9 assists. But the young guys also performed well too, Smart had 18 points and 7 assists and Tatum had 11 points and 7 rebounds. It took all of that and more to hold off the red hot Thunder as Paul George went for 37 points while Russel Westbrook went for 22 points, 16 assists, and 12 rebounds.
The Celts then took their winning ways to the road with a 103-96 victory over the pitiful Cleveland Cavaliers. Kyrie Irving and Marcus Morris were both out for this game which allowed some of the young guns some extra minutes, specifically Terry Rozier and Jaylen Brown who got starts in place of Irving and Morris. Offensively Jayson Tatum picked up the load for the Celtics as he had 25 points, 7 rebounds and 3 blocks. Marcus Smart picked it up for the back court as he had 17 points on 6-10 shooting including 4-5 from three point range. Smart also had 5 rebounds and 4 assists. Gordon Hayward also gave us another sign that he is getting closer to being back as he had 18 points off the bench on 9-14 shooting to go with his 6 rebounds and 5 assists. The Cavs were without pretty much every verteran on their team which pretty much guarunteed a Celtics win from the start but they still had two solid performers as rookie Colin Sexton had 27 points and newly acquired Alec Burks had 21 points.
The Celtics then came home for back to back games against the teams from Southern California. The first game was against Lebron and the Lakers. The Celtics at one point led by 18 points in the first half but allowed the Lakers to keep it close as the lead at halftime was only 9 points. The Celtics then had one of their worst quarters of the season giving up 42 points to the Lakers and allowing them to enter the fourth quarter with a 6 point lead. The Celtics thought they had the game sealed up as Kyrie hit a lay up with 11 seconds to go to give the Celtics a 128-127 lead. But the Lakers still had a chance but Brandon Ingram missed the potential go ahead layup. The ball then bounced around as no one could grab the rebound and fell right into the hands of none other than former Celtic champion Rajon Rondo who cucked up a last second shot that fell to give the Lakers a 129-128 victory and a heart breaking loss for the Celtics who now fell to 35-20 on the season. But despite the gut wrenching loss their were still many great performances from the Celtics. Kyrie stuffed the stat sheet with 24 points, 8 assists, and 7 rebounds. Jayson Tatum went for his sixth double double of the season with 22 points and 10 rebounds. Jaylen Brown chipped in 18 points on 7-10 shooting off the bench and Daniel Theis had one of his best career games with 20 points and 6 rebounds off the bench. But it wasn't enough to over come Lebron's 28 point, 12 rebound, 12 assist triple double. The Lakers also had Rondo go for a double double with 17 points and 10 assists. Kuzma also had a good night scoring as he had 25 points to help spur the Lakers come back.
The Celtics then looked to bounce back against the Clippers who had just delt their best player in Tobias Harris to the Sixers. But this would not be the case as the Celtics offense after the first quarter sputtered to the point where no one broke the 20 point thresh hold. The Celtics openned the game with a 23 point lead after the first quarter and at one point in the second had the lead up to 28 over the Clippers. But the Celtics then came out of the half and put up the worst quarter of the year offensively scoring just 12 points in the third allowing the Clippers to cut the lead down to just 6 points. The Celtics defense the decided not to show up for the foruth quarter as they allowed 42 points to the Clippers allowing them to pull away for 123-112 win at the Garden. The fans then rightfully booed the Celtics off the court after their hideous performance that put them at 35-21 on the season. Plus to make matters worse Kyrie left the game with an injury after playing just 14 minutes. Gordon Hayward tried to help will the team to victory as he led the way off the bench with 19 points and 5 rebounds. Rozier also stepped up his efforts after Irving got hurt with 16 points and 5 rebounds also off the bench. Jayson Tatum chipped in 16 points and 8 rebounds on just 4-12 shooting and Marcus Morris had 15 points and 6 rebounds. But the Celtics poorest defensive effort of the year led to 8 Clippers being in double figures with Montrezl Harrell leading the way with 21 points off the bench. Danilo Gallinari had a double double with 19 points and 10 rebounds while fellow starter Patrick Beverly was on triple double watch with 12 points, 9 rebounds and 7 assists. After the game when addressing the media Marcus Morris said that this team just isn't having fun which caused all Boston media outlets to start freaking out saying this team has zero chemisty, trade Kyrie and to blow up the team.
The Celtics were now left with 2 games before the All Star break and the next one was on the road against the new superteam in the east in the Philadelphia 76ers. Most people went into this game thinking without Kyrie that this would be the loss that sends the Celtics spiraling down towards the bottom half of the standings in the eaastern conference. But once again the Celtics proved Joel Embiid right that this isn't a rivalry because the Celtics won again as usual. The Celtics led by 6 at the half and were able to survuve a back and fourth fourth quater to seal the 112-109 victory. In Kyrie's absence it wasn't Al Horford, Tatum or even Terry that led the way for the Celtics offfensively, no it was none other than GORDON HAYWARD. Gordon had 26 points on 8-11 shooting off the bench including being 6-7 from downtown. Despite not leading in scoring Al Horford also stepped up and had 23 points, 8 rebounds, 5 assists, and 4 steals. Al also prove he still own Joel with another stellar defensive performance against him. Tatum chalked up his seventh double double of the season and second aginst the Sixers with 20 points and 10 rebounds. Marcus Morris also chipped in 17 points and 8 rebounds to lock up the hard fought win. The Celtics defense stepped as well after back-to-back poor performances as they held Tobias Harris to 10 points on 4-14 shooting, J.J. Reddick to 16 on 4-11 shooting and Joel Embiid to 23 points on 9-22 shooting. With the win the Celtics moved into a tie fo fourth in the east with the Sixers as each left the night at 36-21 on the year.
The Celtics then finished up their pre All Star break schedule with the Detroit Pistons back home in the Garden. Again Kyrie was out for the third straight game but Terry Rozier was also delared out for this game which forced Brad Stevens to become creative with the lineup. He opted to move Marcus Smart to the point and rewarded Gordon Hayward for his productive recent play with the start at the two guard spot. This move of course paid dividends as Gordon had 18 points, 5 rebounds, and 8 assists for the Celts. Tatum led the way scoring with 19 points, Marcus Morris chipped in 16 points and Jaylen Brown had 17 points and 7 rebounds off the bench. Plus Al Horford was on triple double watch as he finished with 17 points, 14 rebounds and 8 assists. The win now had the Celtics entering the break at 37-21 for the season and still just 6.5 games out of first place in the eastern conference. Overall everyone may be freaking out over the Kyrie situation, the statement Morris made after the Clippers game, or the heart breaking loss to the Lakers but the Celtics still went 5-2 over this stretch. The boys wil now get some much needed rest except for Jayson Tatum who just won the Taco Bell skills competition and Kyrie had 13 points, 9 rebounds, and 6 assists in the All Star game this past Sunday. Now they need to prepare for the late season push to get the highest possible seed.


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The Investment:
Vauxhall Inn, Granville located at 284 Parramatta Road, Granville NSW, is a two level heritage listed circa 1930's hotel comprising ground level public bar, internal and external gaming room (30 machines), bistro and external TAB with upper level of the hotel providing an office and unused accommodation rooms with 60 car parking spaces. The Hotel Manager currently owns and operates the Investment and has agreed to sell the Investment to the Fund for $28 million, based on an independent valuation dated 22 September 2015.
The proposed development:
The Manager has appointed the Development Manager to obtain a rezoning of the Property from B5 (Business Development) to B4 (Mixed use) and to permit a greater intensity of development (in height and floor space terms).
The Fund's objective is to:
- Provide Investors with a regular income return underpinned by gaming revenue from the Business; and
- Provide Investors with the potential for capital growth upon disposal of the Investment or entry into a joint venture with a developer.
The Fund's investment strategy is to:
- Purchase both the freehold and leasehold interests of the Property from the Hotel Manager;
- Engage the Hotel Manager to manage and improve the Business with a view to increasing earnings each year during the term of the Fund; and
- Commission the Development Manager to undertake rezoning and other development strategies to improve the value of the Investment with a view to crystallising that improvement through a sale to, or joint venture with, a developer.
The Offer is only available to persons who qualify as wholesale clients (as defined in section 761G (7) of the Act) or sophisticated investors (as defined in section 761GA of the Act), (collectively, "Qualifying Investors"). Minimum subscriptions are $100,000, and thereafter in multiples of $50,000 from Qualifying Investors only.
Should you have any interest, please email us at [email protected] or alternatively call us on (02) 8277 0000 to discuss further.


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I had an Edinburgh, middle-class childhood and a public school education. Votes: 2Rory Bremner
I spent the 1960s and 1970s seeking myself - the working-class tradition of self-education. Votes: 2Ken Livingstone
I grew up a middle class, colonized child of teachers and librarians and people, women especially, who treasured education. Votes: 2Lorraine Toussaint
The want of education and moral training is the only real barrier that exists between the different classes of men. Votes: 2Susanna Moodie
Whatever education I got was from experience and reading. But I also realize I wouldn't pass my friend's sixth-grade class. Votes: 2Michelle Williams
A truly vibrant and creative culture depends on a system of education which is not divided along class and sectarian lines. Votes: 2Tom Paulin
A liberal education... frees a man from the prison-house of his class, race, time, place, background, family and even his nation. Votes: 2Robert M. Hutchins
Middle class families are struggling to send their sons and daughters to school. For many Americans, a college education is essential to future success. Votes: 2Albio Sires
The brainy class is made up of individuals who think for themselves and beyond formal education are continuous learners who tend to be self-taught. Votes: 2Maximillian Degenerez
President-elect Bush spoke in a forceful and candid manner that it is his passion that all children should have access to a first class education. Votes: 2George Miller
Economic progress and better education have directly resulted in the birth of a class of voters who are better informed, very demanding and highly critical. Votes: 2Najib Razak
If a budget is designed to show our values, it's clear where the majority stands: against opportunity, against education, and against America's hard-working, tax-paying middle class. Votes: 2Ellen Tauscher
I was born in Paris in 1950. I had a strict upper-class Catholic education but I never really fitted in the system and revolted against it quite early. Votes: 2Francois Gautier
I went to a grim Victorian school with classes of 40 or 50 children. It was a very rigid and unimaginative education, but it did teach us the three Rs. Votes: 2Tom Paulin
Our focus going forward is on sectors where the life of China's middle class can be upgraded: health, travel, leisure, education, and the Internet. We call it marrying China's growth with global resources. Votes: 2Guo Guangchang
In Philadelphia, our public safety, poverty reduction, health and economic development all start with education. We can't grow the middle class if we don't give our kids the tools they need to innovate and invent. Votes: 2Michael Nutter
I grew up between the two world wars and received a rather solid general education, the kind middle class children enjoyed in a country whose educational system had its roots dating back to the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy. Votes: 2George Andrew Olah
From education to broadband, from building roads and bridges to supporting the military, Barack Obama is delivering for North Carolina. And he is delivering for America. A growing middle class is the foundation for a strong America. Votes: 2Bev Perdue
The point of my work is to show that culture and education aren't simply hobbies or minor influences. They are hugely important in the affirmation of differences between groups and social classes and in the reproduction of those differences. Votes: 2Pierre Bourdieu
Both class and race survive education, and neither should. What is education then? If it doesn't help a human being to recognize that humanity is humanity, what is it for? So you can make a bigger salary than other people? Votes: 2Beah Richards
There is no greater ladder into the middle class than education. Votes: 0Martin O'Malley
I had an Edinburgh, middle-class childhood and a public school education, Votes: 0Rory Bremner
One could get a first-class education from a shelf of books five feet long. Votes: 0Charles William Eliot
When I was growing up, I was lucky to benefit from a first class education. Votes: 0Nicola Sturgeon
We must ensure our system of higher education offers world-class quality for a world-class economy. Votes: 0Bob Taft
Through first-class education, a generation marches down the long uncertain road of the future with confidence. Votes: 0Wynton Marsalis
A first class system of early childhood education is the hallmark of a caring and civilized society. Votes: 0Andy Hargreaves
England is so defined, the class system, your education. I think what was unique about the Canterbury scene. Votes: 0Kevin Ayers
Ohio's students deserve a first-class education appropriate for the 21st century, not Sunday School lessons masquerading as science. Votes: 0Barry W. Lynn
If we do not provide education for every single American, we are consigning those without an education to second-class status. Votes: 0Patrick J. Kennedy
It's not the appearance, it's the essence. It's not the money, it's the education. It's not the clothes, it's the class. Votes: 0Coco Chanel
The philosophic aim of education must be to get each one out of his isolated class and into the one humanity. Votes: 0Paul Goodman
People like me who grew up in a working-class town, who don't have a college education, you don't usually hear from us. Votes: 0Michael Moore
It's not enough to train today's workforce. We also have to prepare tomorrow's workforce by guaranteeing every child access to a world-class education. Votes: 0Barack Obama
My parents grew up working class, but in that way that working class families do, they spent a fortune on education to better me. Votes: 0Graham Norton
In essence, the education department argues that the quality of the education children receive is irrelevant, as long as someone stands in front of the class. Votes: 0Helen Zille
Community colleges provide higher education where people live, helping to build strong ladders of opportunity that allow people to secure a foothold in the middle class. Votes: 0Thomas Perez
Technology can be a great equalizer when it comes to health care, education - to the point where rich, poor, middle class can all get the same benefits. Votes: 0Jeff Greene
There should be a class on apartheid. There should be a class on why people are hungry, but there are not. There are classes on...gym. Physical Education. Votes: 0Tupac Shakur
The U.S. tries to provide immigrants who grow up here with a world-class education and imbue them with the can-do attitude that has long defined American innovation. Votes: 0Gary Locke
Where justice is denied, where poverty is enforced, where ignorance prevails, and where any one class is made to feel that society is an organized conspiracy to oppress, rob and degrade them, neither persons nor property will be safe. Votes: 5 Frederick Douglass


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Congrats to model and future host of Project Runway Karlie Kloss on her marriage to longtime boyfriend Joshua Kushner yesterday! The surprise announcement came via an Instagram post (natch) that featured a candid photo of the newlyweds looking overjoyed. Kloss wore a gorgeous custom Dior gown with a deep V-neckline and sheer lace sleeves.
The pair married in a Jewish ceremony that took place in upstate New York and was only attended by 80 of their closest family and friends. There's no word yet on whether Kushner's brother Jared and wife Ivanka Trump attended the affair.
The last news we had on Kloss' wedding plans was back in July when she posted about Kushner proposing to her in upstate New York. Kloss has kept silent about any of the details since then.
"They're both overjoyed and happily celebrating. Their hearts are full and they're excited to build their future together," a source told People when the news broke this summer.
[ Next: Christian Siriano and Karlie Kloss Replace Tim Gunn and Heidi Klum for Project Runway Season 17 ]


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A classic representation of the great master absorbed in meditation. The placing of gifts in the lap of a Meditating Buddha is believed to bring serenity and fortune. Use this sculpture inside or out as a peaceful reminder to breathe. Also available in small and medium.
This vintage style recreation will have pocks and pitting, are chippy shabby chic, look like they're pulled right from grandma's estate but have brand new integrity and they're absolutely timeless.
Hand crafted in the USA of solid and durable cast-stone. Sealed for outdoor use.
- 20″ tall by 16″ wide and 70 lbs
- Available in a variety of colors – shown in Classic
- Naturally aged appearance


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Multicoloured Stainless Steel
In stock
Coeur De Lion Elegance Halo Bracelet Rainbow Crystal 4957/30-1500 nc10683ss0
Product Information
Inject some colour into your look with this timelessly beautiful Coeur De Lion multicolour crystal bracelet. With an adjustable fastening for the perfect fit, this would make a great gift, especially with the matching earrings and necklace.
Product SKU
- Made from Stainless Steel
- Rose Gold Plated
- Crystal
- Bracelet measures: 16.5cm + 3cm extension chain
- Part of the Elegance collection
- Presented in official Coeur De Lion packaging
About Coeur De Lion
Coeur De Lion
Discover timelessly beautiful Coeur De Lion jewellery, handmade in Germany since 1987.
Innovative design concepts combine with classic and trend-setting colours to create pieces loved by women all over the world.
With expert craftsmanship and materials such as Swarovski crystals, semi-precious stones, nappa leather and gold plated stainless steel, there is truly something for everyone.


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December 6, 2010 from 11:30am to 7pm – Club Colette 12/6 - Musical Luncheon is presented by the School of the Arts Foundation Guild at Club Colette, 215 Peruvian Ave., Palm Beach. Features performances by students from the Alexander W. Dreyfoos School… Organized by Mary Kate Leming | Type: concert, student
December 6, 2010 from 5pm to 7pm – Boca Raton Resort & Club 12/6 - Food Glorious Food! - A Conversation with Restaurant Reviewers & Food Writers - at the Boca Raton Resort & Club, Dunes Ballroom, 900 Ocean Blvd., Boca Raton. Featuring Liz Balmaseda, r… Organized by Mary Kate Leming | Type: lecture, food
December 6, 2010 from 6pm to 7pm – Ocean Ridge Town Hall 11/1 & 12/6 - Ocean Ridge - first Monday of the each month at Ocean Ridge Town Hall, 6450 N. Ocean Blvd., Ocean Ridge. 6 pm. Agenda available at www.oceanridgeflorida.com. closed 11/11, 25 &… Organized by | Type: commission meeting
December 6, 2010 from 6pm to 7pm – Via Mizner 12/6 - Chanukah on Worth is held at Via Mizner on Worth Ave. between Hibiscus and Cocoanut Row, Palm Beach. Food, Menorah Lighting, kid's crafts, photos, music and dancing. The Palm Beach Jewish Chid… Organized by Mary Kate Leming | Type: holiday
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Before supper, I decided to make some cranapple sauce using some of the apples the Workmans had given us and the cranberries we had bought the other day. Enjoyed a little bit of that after church.
We sat in the back row with John and Emily. After singing, there was prayer time for missionaries and other special requests. Then Pastor Ogle spoke from Genesis 23 on Abraham's purchase of a burying ground for Sarah, making applications in upholding a good testimony before the unsaved. Three things he asked about were how to weep with those that weep, how to show others that we care, how to step out of our comfort zone to reach others. (That wasn't exactly how he worded them, but I can't remember the exact words.)
"38For I am persuaded, that neither death, nor life, nor angels, nor principalities, nor powers, nor things present, nor things to come, 39Nor height, nor depth, nor any other creature, shall be able to separate us from the love of God, which is in Christ Jesus our Lord." Romans 8:38,39 Two of my favorite verses - always refreshing, encouraging, and challenging.
November 19. Started coming down with a sore throat and earaches last night and did not sleep well.
A beautiful day today. The rain had stopped by morning. We enjoyed a nice walk late morning.
Spent most of my time today getting monthly updates sent out. Took a couple naps in the afternoon because I felt really tired out.
Made a thank you card for the master club kids who had made welcome home cards for us.
November 20. A nice sunny day today, but not quite as warm as yesterday.
Did not get up until 7:00 this morning. Took lots of Echinacea and Clear Lungs supplement yesterday. After breakfast, I did laundry and washed the bedding. Didn't get to work at the computer at all.
(It ended up that Mom and Dad's computer had been hacked. Thankfully they were able to get some help with taking care of that.)
In the evening, Christy and Connie came with some table games. First we played a Bible game called "In Other Words." (It was fun), and then we played Bible "Apples to Apples." Connie had brought some homemade fudgecicles which we enjoyed for evening snack.
Late in the evening, the EBC youth group brought us a bushel basket of Thanksgiving goodies - potatoes, a turkey, dinner rolls, stuffing mix, brownie mix, lots of canned beans, cream of celery soup, cream of chicken soup, canned pumpkin, canned corn, canned beets, canned cranberry sauce, tea bags. What a blessing! How we appreciated their thoughtfulness!
"For Christ is the end of the law for righteousness to every one that believeth." Romans 10:4 Praise God that Christ fulfilled all that the law required that righteousness might be offered to all who believe.
November 22. Felt really lousy today. Did not go out to church. Finished up the newsletter and sent a text only copy to Christy to be printed. She had it all ready when she came to pick up Daddy in the evening. Also worked on Sunday school lessons for PNG. Took a long nap in the afternoon.
Daddy said that Lisa O and Kristin C are sick with the same thing I have.
In the evening service, Tatiana C. and the Bonikowsys were there to report on their work.
Daddy brought home a gift bag of birthday cards from some of the ladies at church. Thank you, Lord, for these ladies being a blessing.


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The Quad: USAC Election Board should implement harsher sanctions for real impact
Campaigns can be sanctioned for a whole host of offenses, including campaigning via leaflet outside the allotted time periods. (Haoyang Yan/Daily Bruin)
By Claire Hubert
May 8, 2017 1:39 p.m.
During the week preceding and including Undergraduate Students Association Council election week, Bruin Walk turns into a special sort of hell. A space generally consisting of pushy club members trying to recruit fresh faces or sell Krispy Kreme doughnuts and Porto's pastries is replaced by a battlefield of party members seemingly fighting to the death to try to get you to vote for their candidate.
Campaigning online started on April 17 this year, while campus campaigning started April 24. Election season came to an end Friday.
The USAC Election Board keeps tabs on the entirety of the election. The board organizes and facilitates applications for candidates, slates and referenda. It regulates everything in regards to campaigning – from the size of posters on Election Walk to when campaigns can hand out leaflets. If you'd like to read an extensive list of rules and regulations related to campaigning, you can find them here.
Campaigns can be sanctioned for a variety of online offenses, like omitting the official election board stamp on social media posts or failing to use the appropriate USAC election board hashtags. However, some believe that the sanctions election board hands out have been historically lax, or not well-enforced enough in the first place.
The election board started handing out sanctions before campaigning began. On April 7, a student posted a Facebook status encouraging people to vote for particular candidates. As punishment, these candidates were banned from campaigning for a whole 30 minutes when online campaigning started April 17.
On April 17 and 18, 12 sanctions rolled in regarding online campaigning. Many centered around the fact that supporters failed to use an official Election Board stamp on their campaign posts, or around missing the mandatory #USACVoiceYourVote hashtag on social media posts. The candidates and offenders merely had to add the proper stamp or hashtag to their post.
More sanctions were issued during week four when some candidates violated the hashtag and logo rules on social media and another violated rules regarding permissible hours to distribute leaflets. These sanctions carried the some of the heftiest individual consequences of the season – one candidate was banned from online campaigning for an entire work day, another was prohibited from distributing leaflets for three whole hours.
Things ramped up in week five, as the board issued even more sanctions when multiple candidates failed to disclose campaign funding and expense information. Candidates who failed to submit funding information were barred from campaigning on campus from 7 a.m. to 8 a.m. May 2. Candidates that also failed to submit their expenses information were then barred from campaigning for the next hour.
The election board issued more sanctions on May 1 and 2. The violations included a missing election logo on campaign material and missing hashtags on social media. The punishments required candidates to update their posts or campaign material, while one candidate was barred from campaigning online from 7 a.m. to 7:15 a.m. on Thursday.
The harshest sanction of the season was issued the night of May 2, when a slate failed to disclose a mobile app sponsorship. The slate was barred from campaigning for the entirety of Wednesday – a 24-hour ban.
Some of the final sanctions of this election cycle were issued Thursday night. Some of the candidates in question violated leafleting rules, while others violated online rules. Sanctions included a 7 a.m. to 9 a.m. ban on campaigning for one candidate, a 1:45 p.m. to 3 p.m. ban for another.
We also saw a bit of drama on Thursday night, as the USAC Judicial Board reviewed a petition claiming the election board had not sanctioned Bruins United, the slate with mobile-app sponsorship, sufficiently for their violations. The Judicial Board unanimously ruled against their petition.
I'm personally surprised it took so long for a group of students to file a petition of the sort. Oftentimes this year I felt that Election Board's sanctions have not been severe enough. Prohibiting people from campaigning online for 15 or 30 minutes will have no real affect on the outcome of an election, nor will prohibiting someone from handing out leaflets at 7 a.m., when most students are dead to the world anyway.
Additionally, issuing a sanction that merely forbids candidates to campaign online for 15 or 30 minutes after failing to use the proper hashtag and Election Board logo on social media posts doesn't make much sense.
Why bother going through the effort of issuing a sanction that won't have any real effect on the campaign? Candidates do not have any control over their followers, so unless Election Board runs in the opposite direction and increases online campaigning bans – which doesn't make much sense either and opens the door for opponents to troll a campaign – they should do away with the bans all together and just make candidates update posts with the proper information.
If Election Board truly wants to live up to their mission in creating "an election environment where students can freely, openly, and fairly exercise their right to make a difference at UCLA," they need to implement harsher punishments against slates and candidates who violate rules in regards to physical campaigning and campaign finance. That would give campaigns an incentive to follow the rules the first time.
Additionally, the sanctions would have a real, tangible impact on the results of the election, rather than being a slap on the wrist.
Sanctions for flyering would have a larger impact on the outcome of the election if the punishment was a ban from flyering for three or four hours during hours where Bruin Walk receives peak foot traffic, rather than at 7 a.m. Those sort of consequences could carry a lasting impact on the results of elections in the dog-eat-dog world that is election week at UCLA and encourage slates and candidates to better follow the rules in the first place.


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Predictive Modelling Solution Framework
By Connecting for Health | 2012
Solution Framework
To understand how predictive modelling solutions can be developed and implemented a simple three stage framework is presented.
Stage 1 – Model Building or Selection
Some organisations may decide they want to build their own predictive model because; it will reflect the specific characteristics of their population, there is no available model for the event of interest and/or they want control over model maintenance.
To build a model they will need access to appropriate data sources and a method of analysing the data to produce a predictive model and test its accuracy.
As models are created from historical population data and the characteristics of populations change over time, it can therefore be assumed that a model once created will not stay valid indefinitely. Therefore any model will need to be recalculated or maintained over time. There is in fact a clear feedback loop between the effective use of the model and its validity. If the aim of the model is to predict and intervene to reduce the outcome event in the population, then the more successfully it is used the greater the impact on the population which in turn will reduce the accuracy of the model going forward.
Some organisations may not have the resources, skills or desire to build their own predictive model; instead they want to select an existing model.
Stage 2 – Prediction Tooling
Having built or selected a predictive model it must then be operationalised in the form of a predictive tool that can input the appropriate patient data, calculate the probability of the outcome and output it.
As for model building, some organisations may want to develop or commission their own bespoke tooling, while others may decide to use commercial or third party tools.
Stage 3 – Prediction Application
Once predictions have been made they need to be stored, managed and acted on by a clinician. This may result in interventions for a patient if appropriate.
Key to the success of any predictive modelling solution is user adoption, and in health care this is often driven by clinical leadership and adoption.
Conceptual Solution Architecture
Conceptually an end to end predictive modelling solution consists of:
- Data sources that feed into a prediction tool
- A prediction tool implementing a prediction model to calculate and output outcome predictions
- Business applications such as risk stratification and case finding that process the outcome predictions
A prediction model is created by analysing data sources. Either an existing published prediction model, such as Combined Predictive Model (CPM), is used or a new bespoke prediction model is created.
Logical Solution Architecture
An example of the logical architecture of an end to end predictive modelling solution is:
- Use of a Database (DB) or Data Warehouse (DW) platform to store and manage data feeds, predictions and business application processing of predictions.
- Use of Extract Transform Load (ETL) DB/DW services to get and prepare source data ready for prediction processing
- A bespoke prediction tool interfacing to the DB/DW.
- Bespoke business applications interfacing to the DB/DW and also using a Business Intelligence platform to provide any required analytical functionality.
- A portal front end to the prediction tool and business applications, which provides security and access control.
In many organisations physical services for DB/DW, ETL, BI and Portal will already exist.
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Difficulty : mediumOne-way timing : 1h30Distance : 3kmStarting point altitude : 1014mHighest point : 1562mElevation gain : 548mElevation losses : 0mGPX Track : DownloadPoint of interest refreshment shack heritage - village
This run is going throuth the valley, you can join Merlet animals park from Les Bossons. It giving continious views over the valley and the Mont-Blanc massif.Take the Chemin de la Vigne, which crosses the Arve river and goes up through the grove adjacent to the Ravin des Vouillouds. The path meets the one coming from Les Gaillands. There is an alternative start at the footbridge of les Montquarts, which takes you to the path of les Epinettes.


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Seeing Merlin the lion at the National Tiger Sanctuary in Missouri was magical. The big cat was rescued from life as a prop in a magic show. For a while, all he knew of life were the hard walls and floors of a concrete basement. Our guide told us that when he was first turned out into his new home, he was afraid of the grass; afraid the ground would collapse under his paws. Today, the handsome cat looks very content with his life and very unafraid of his big bright world.
Autumn corridor
A student, lower left, is dwarfed by the fall-colored hickories, oaks and pine trees lining the path and edges of Coleman Creek as it winds through the University of Arkansas at Little Rock campus on Dec. 2.
All y'all, it's fall!
Weekly Photo Challenge: Convergence II
When functions Converge: When your rain gauge also becomes your thermometer.
(Typical Arkansas fall weather – 15 degrees F two weeks ago, mid-70s today.)
More convergences we liked:
Autumn subtleties
Flights of geese
The Arkansas Delta is part of the Mississippi Flyway, that great highway for migrating fowl. Yesterday, driving through the Delta around sunrise, traffic on the highway was heavy — filled with huge chevrons of geese winging their way to warmer climes. Arkansas' rice and sorghum fields and the grain that falls from harvest equipment, are very attractive to the millions of hungry geese and ducks that make Arkansas home for the winter.
Autumn morning, Arkansas style
We'd wondered over the last few weeks if autumn's tremendous show would ever come to town and lamented that the color change seemed to be later than in previous years. Some years you can see the trees begin to change as early as August. However, fall finally came through and here's what we saw before going to work last Thursday. (Be sure to click on the image to see a larger version.)
Fall into winter
What a difference a few weeks can make. The top photo was taken the week before Thanksgiving. The bottom photo was taken around lunchtime today — the snow and sleet courtesy winter storm Cleon.


text: Dream Big Work is where we do some of our most intense thinking, but it's at bedtime that we lay the foundations for our mind's creative prowess. Sleep is fertile ground for the imagination as our dreams attempt to make sense of the subconscious – our wishes, hopes and fears. Can dreaming help us find answers to our work problems? Sleep experts believe so. Dr Els van der Helm at sleep consultant Shleep explains that creativity and execution are the cornerstones of innovation. "Though improving sleep won't guarantee the next breakthrough, it certainly increases the chances of coming up with extraordinary connections and pushing through with them." How REM works When it comes to dreaming, we know that REM – dream sleep – stimulates the intelligent information processing that inspires creativity and promotes problem solving. In his 2017 book Why We Sleep, neuroscientist Matthew Walker hypothesises that during REM sleep, the part of the brain responsible for what one would call our reality-evaluating system – the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex – stops operating. This freedom from everyday rational structure allows the brain to creatively form strange, fantastical connections and links that otherwise would never come together in the same way. Whether a person is looking for a shortcut in a number sequence or learning a new language with higher-level grammatical rules, studies show that they appear more likely to come up with innovative solutions to tricky problems the morning after a dream-filled night. Good sleep also boosts cognitive (IQ) and social-emotional (EQ) skills through a deep impact on the prefrontal cortex. We use emotion for navigating decisions and logic to calculate risks and opportunities. The big sleep problem Positive sleep awareness has moved to the top of many organisations' wellbeing agenda for one major reason. Diminished productivity resulting from a lack of sleep hits the bottom line. Worst-case scenario, a single incident of tiredness-related mistakes, like a fat-finger error, may have personal, legal and cost implications that could last for years. Compared to a person who is well-rested, a highly fatigued worker will be less alert, less able to mentally process information, less situationally aware and, crucially, work with slower reaction times. However, denial is rife. Many of us are so deeply in debt at the sleep bank that we consider our tiredness to be a perfectly natural state. A proactive approach to good sleep is a matter of personal responsibility, but when it comes to chronic insomnia, it can help to speak up. Self-styled sleep geek James Wilson believes that most sleep-deprived workers are only too willing to reach out for help once the subject is raised as part of a wider conversation about health and wellbeing. Wilson says, "Poor sleep is something that many of us suffer from, but often hide because we fear being stigmatised. We cannot force ourselves to sleep better, but we can get better at preparing ourselves for sleep. I find that when people understand the distinction – when they feel they are being supported rather than patronised – we see some great results." Make the workplace sleep-friendly Dr Van der Helm suggests employers start with a team evaluation to see how well employees sleep. Awareness of any issues – if introduced subtly – will create a platform for positive change. Psychologist Hope Bastine of wellbeing consultancy Fresh Perception stresses that a sleep-positive work culture has to be part of a more contemporary, holistic view about productivity in general. Bastine says, "It's all about trust and balance. Most employees are highly motivated to do good work and get the job done. This mindset can be encouraged by appreciating that conflicting home and work priorities are often best met through flexible working agreements." PsychologistHope Bastine Supporting colleagues flexibly as individuals is the most effective policy to help people bring their best selves to work, recommends Bastine. "Autonomy supports wellbeing. All of us have our own biological rhythms, and this is particularly evident when looking at sleep patterns." Small, yet effective changes The most common problems are insufficient sleep or poor sleep quality. Some people need help de-stressing. Others can make small changes like eating earlier, changing their bedding or altering the temperature in the bedroom. However, perhaps the most important change is simply to learn to prioritise sleep as something to look forward to, while being consistent in the times you go to bed and get up in the morning, even at weekends. The future of positive sleep awareness as part of a well-at-work programme may point to advanced chronotype-analysis techniques, to find out at what time of day a person works best, and then optimise when it is best for us to work, rest and play. The implications of buying into a 24-hour flexible workday are enormous. Combined alongside other smart working practices, this could help organisations reach new levels of productivity, employee retention and personal satisfaction. Keep an eye out for homeWORK magazine in the lobby area of all Workspace centres, containing more wellbeing advice from key experts. For more on how to increase your productivity at work, read Just Do It and learn how to beat procrastination. Or if it's stress that's affecting your sleeping habits, find out how to minimise it with expert tips from wellbeing coach Michael Adu.