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Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2008, 5(4), 278-289; doi:10.3390/ijerph5040278
Cigarette Smoking among Adolescents in Northwest Ohio: Correlates of Prevalence and Age at Onset
Department of Medicine, University of Toledo, 3120 Glendale Avenue, Toledo, OH 43614,
Department of Health & Rehabilitative Services, University of Toledo, Mail Stop # 119, Toledo, OH 43606,
Hospital Council of Northwest Ohio, 3231 Central Park West Drive, Suite 200, Toledo, OH 43617,
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; Tel.: +1-419-383-4089; Fax: +1-419-383-6244
Received: 11 November 2008 / Accepted: 12 December 2008 / Published: 15 December 2008
:This study examined the prevalence and correlates of smoking initiation among adolescents. We have used data from adolescents (n=5,392) ages 10–18 who participated in the 2003 Tobacco Survey, a representative sample of adolescents in Northwest Ohio. A self-report of cigarette smoking was obtained using a questionnaire administered in classrooms. Data were analyzed using weighted chi-square and multiple logistic regressions in SAS that accounted for the survey design. The prevalence rates for adolescents that ever tried smoking were 7.4% in elementary (grades 4–5); 17.7% in middle (grades 6–8), and 41.4% in high (grades 9–12) schools, respectively. The highest prevalence rate was among Hispanics. Having a close friend that smoked and a smoker at home correlated significantly with both initiation of smoking and smoking at an earlier age. Smoking was correlated with low academic achievement among adolescents in all grades. Students who reported smoking by parents or siblings were significantly more likely to start smoking at an earlier age, compared to other students living in a non-smoking home environment. Smoking prevention program should include components focused on adolescents' home environment and should start as early as the 4th grade.
Cigarette smoking; adolescent; predictors; smoking initiation1. Introduction
Tobacco is the leading cause of preventable morbidity and mortality worldwide. In the United States, during 1997–2001, cigarette smoking and exposure to tobacco smoke resulted in an estimated 438,000 premature deaths, and 92 billion dollars in annual productivity losses [1]. Cigarette smoking is prevalent in Ohio and the state ranks eighth in the nation in smoking rate. The current smoking prevalence rate in 2003 was 25.4% among adults [2] and was 22.2% among grades 9–12 [3].
Two of the national health objectives for 2010 are to reduce the prevalence of current tobacco use to ≤21% among adults and to ≤16% among high school students [4]. An important step toward achieving these objectives is to address the issue of smoking initiation in adolescents [5].
Tobacco smoking among adolescents is of public concern because of the immediate and long-term adverse health consequences such as asthma, chronic cough, cancers, chronic obstructive airways and cardiovascular diseases. Regular smoking by children is associated with increased risk of new-onset asthma [6]. Adolescent smokers are at a higher risk for developing cardiovascular disease later in life, compared to their non-smoking counterparts [7].
Smoking initiation in adolescents is also a problem with great impact on individual's well being. It may lead to retardation in physical development [8]. Adolescents who smoke are more likely to use illicit drugs and alcohol and be involved in deviant behavior [9]. Smoking occurs within the context of other risk-taking and self-destructive behavior among both children and older adolescents [10].
The age at which the individual begins smoking may influence his/her health at an older age. Children who begin to smoke during elementary school may be more likely to smoke as adults than individuals who begin at older age [11]. Those who started smoking before 16 years of age had twice the odds of not quitting smoking compared to those who started at a later age [12].
To determine the interventions needed to prevent early initiation of smoking, it is important to identify predictors of tobacco use by adolescents. Many variables that influence the likelihood of smoking initiation in adolescent population have been studied. However, the effect of these variables on age at onset is not well understood. In this paper, we investigated predictors of smoking initiation and age at start of smoking among adolescent in Northwest Ohio.
2. Methods
The Northwest Ohio Youth Tobacco Survey (NOYTS) conducted in 2003 was a cross sectional study, using a multi-stage cluster sampling technique. In the first stage, schools were selected based on agreement to participate in the survey. In the second stage, systematic samples of classes were selected. All students in the selected classes were eligible to participate in the survey.
All schools (elementary, middle, and high schools) in Northwest Ohio were asked to participate in the survey. A total of 124 schools (64%) out of 194 agreed to participate and to provide access to their students. These schools were representative of all the 16 counties in Northwest Ohio.
The survey questionnaire was developed based on the 2001–2002 National Youth Tobacco Survey (NYTS) core questionnaire [13]. The NYTS questionnaire was modified to include questions needed in the project for youth tobacco program in Northwest Ohio. Additional questions were added mainly regarding the family role and potential effect of family member on tobacco use by their children. The final study questionnaire consisted of 77 multiple-choice questions that included demographic information, individual smoking habits, exposure to tobacco advertisements, attitudes and beliefs towards tobacco, exposure to passive smoking, access to tobacco products, school anti-smoking and prevention programs, and habits and attitudes of family and friends regarding tobacco use.
Ever smokers were identified according to the question "Have you ever smoked cigarettes daily, that is, at least one cigarette every day for 30 days?" Subjects were considered smokers if they answered "yes". Smoking status was assessed by a question asking to describe their smoking at the time of the survey. Subjects were considered current smokers if they answered "I smoke" or "I quit, but now I smoke again. Subjects were considered past smokers if they answered "I quit smoking within the past 6 months or more than 6 months ago". Age at smoking onset was obtained from the question "How old were you when you smoked a whole cigarette for the first time?" Age at start of smoking was defined using 6 ordered categories ("8 years old or younger", "9 or 10", "11 or 12", "13 or 14", "15 or 16", and "17 years old or older").
Researchers at Great Lakes Marketing (GLM), a commercial company, implemented the survey and supervised the data collection procedures. They contacted school administrators to obtain permission to survey students and also were involved in the design of the survey. The survey questionnaire was tested in a pilot study involving five classrooms from the selected schools. Students required an average of 30 minutes to complete the survey. Data were collected at schools, using a self administered questionnaire. The teacher left the classroom after introducing the researcher, who explained that students did not have to write their names on the questionnaires and assured strict confidentiality of the responses. Subsequently, the questionnaires were distributed in the class by the researcher.
Data were weighted to provide estimates for adolescents in Northwest Ohio. For the estimation of prevalence or proportions, the weights were selected to account for design effect (selection of school and class levels), non response and the sample representation relative to racial and gender distribution in the total population. To some extent, the weighted estimates were representative of the population of adolescents aged 10 to 18 living in Northwest Ohio in 2003.
Exploratory analyses were used to investigate the distribution of the independent variables. Categorical variables were described as percentages together with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals and quantitative variables were described as mean (SD). Binary logistic regression was used to examine initiations of smoking as it relates to some established risk factors (age, gender, race, living with smoker, grades and number of closest friends who smoke cigarettes). Adjusted odds ratio (OR) along with 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated for the risk factors. Generalized ordered logistic regression was used to identify predictors of age at start of smoking. This analysis uses a cumulative logit model with the proportional odds assumption. Age at onset of smoking was recorded using 6 ordered categories. All the analysis was done using SAS 9.1 software. Weighted analysis was performed using both the suveyfreq and surveylogistic procedures in SAS [14]. All statistical tests reported are two-sided, and a p-value < 0.05 is considered to be statistically significant.
3. Results
Of the original sample of the students who participated in the study (n=5,392), a weighted sample was estimated as 5,021. About 54% were males; 87% whites and with almost equal distribution from grade 4 to grade 12. Approximately 26% of the population has initiated tobacco smoking. The distribution of smoking initiation by weighted demographic characteristics of the study population is shown in Table 1.
Smoking prevalence among males was 26.8%, compared to 25.6% among females and the difference is not statistically significant. The percentage of Hispanic smokers was significantly higher than other races. Smoking prevalence was 6.4% among 4th graders and was 50.7% among 12th grade students. Smoking prevalence increased with age, and increased sharply betweens grades 8 and 9. About 7.4% of the students in elementary school (grades 4–5) were ever smokers compared to 17.7% in middle school (grades 6–8) and 41.4% in high school (grades 9–12) (Table 2).
The rate of smoking initiation in males was similar to that for females in all grades. The smoking prevalence was significantly different by race in grades 6–8, and grades 9–12. The highest initiation rate was among Hispanics. Initiation rates among African American were not statistically different from the rates among whites. Smoking was significantly correlated with lower academic achievement and for all grade levels. The percentage of ever smokers among students with bad performance at school was 13.2% for grades 4–5, 34.5% for grades 6–8, and was 55.2% for grades 9–12. Living with a smoker was associated with higher percentage of ever smokers for all grades. Peer smoking was significantly correlated with higher prevalence of smoking in all grades. When none of the closest friends smoked, smoking prevalence rates were 4.5% for grades 4–5, 9.6% for grade 6–8, and 26.3% for grades 9–12.
Table 3 presents results of logistic regression model identifying predictors of smoking initiation. The OR for smoking initiation was increased as a function of grade level. Compared to grade 4–5, the OR for smoking initiation increased from 2.15 (CI, 1.64–2.81) for grade 6–8 to 6.22 (CI, 4.79–8.08) for grade 9–12.
No significant difference was found between males and females. Hispanic students were one and half times more likely to initiate smoking than Whites (p=0.04). Student with poor academic achievement was three times more likely to initiate smoking compared to an "A" student. Parent smoking was associated with increased risk of initiating smoking. The OR for a mother smoker was higher than the OR for a father smoker. In the same household, brother or sister smoking was the strongest correlate of smoking initiation. Having one closest friend smoking increased the likelihood of initiating smoking by almost five times.
Table 4 presents results of ordinal logistic regression model for correlates of age at initiation of smoking. Race was a significant correlate of earlier age at initiation of smoking. Hispanic or others were two times more likely to initiate smoking at earlier age compared to Whites or African American. Living with a smoker significantly increased the likelihood of initiating smoking at an earlier age.
Participants reporting having a best friend who smokes were three times more likely to start smoking at earlier age. Participants having a higher percentage of friends who smoke were four times more likely to initiate smoking earlier than other students. Academic achievement was a significant predictor of early age at smoking initiation. Participants who made B or C were more likely to initiate smoking earlier compared to those making A. Similarly those who made D or F had three time the odds of reporting initiation of smoking at earlier age compared to those making A (OR=2.90; p=0.0001).
4. Discussion
This study examined the prevalence and correlates of smoking initiation among adolescents in Northwest Ohio. The estimated prevalence rates are comparable to those reported in the 2003 Youth risk behavior surveillance [3].
We found that gender is not a significant correlate of either smoking initiation or age at the start of smoking. This is in line with the finding of other studies [15]. This is also contrary to other studies in the literature. Males were more likely to initiate daily smoking than females from age 13 to age 21 as reported by Hill et al.[16]. By age 15 more girls than boys reported smoking [17]. Higher prevalence of smoking among males compared to females has been reported in a cohort of Brazilian adolescent aged 10–12 years [18].
In contrast to national data for youths aged 12–17 [19], prevalence rates of smoking were higher among Hispanics than Whites, African American and other. However, this finding is consistent with previous study indicating that higher level of acculturation predicts increased smoking among Hispanic adolescents [20]. Current smoking rates for Hispanic high school students in 2007 were higher than smoking rates for African-American students, but lower than the rates of White students. [21].
No significant difference was found between Whites and African American adolescents in our study. Two studies in the literature [22, 23] have shown that African-American adolescents are less likely to smoke cigarettes than White youth. The national data suggest that this pattern changes in late adolescence and early adulthood. Specifically, African-American adults have a relatively high smoking prevalence rate when compared with other racial/ethnic groups. It is possible that African American in grades 9–12 underreported their cigarette use compared to Hispanic students. Two studies in the literature concluded that African American adolescents [24] and young adults [25] underreported cigarette use to a greater extent than Whites.
Smoking by a family member is a strong correlate of smoking. Parent smoking habits was significantly related to both initiation and early onset of smoking. The association between exposure to smoking parents and smoking status of a teenager is consistent with other studies [26, 27]. Parent smoking contributes to the onset of daily smoking in their teenagers even if parents practice good family management, hold norms against teen tobacco use, and do not involve their children in their own tobacco use [16].
In this study, the likelihood of initiating smoking when mother smoked increased two fold and this tended to occur at younger age. Mothers play a crucial role in molding the behavior of young children. The finding that mother's smoking correlates with earlier age at onset is important and point to the triggering effect earlier in life. Mothers' effects on adolescent cigarette smoking are mostly during earlier age and thus most of the initiation triggered by mother smoking will occur earlier in life. Offspring of nicotine-dependent women had a higher rate of nicotine dependence, and this relation is greater if the mother also smoked during the offspring's gestation [28]. Our finding here is important as a large number of females smoke and smoking by pregnant women is a problem in Northwest Ohio.
Smoking by a sibling tripled the likelihood of both initiation and early onset of smoking. Sibling influence could be through social influence affecting the adolescent's thoughts, feeling, and actions. The social influence of families and other significant individuals is well supported in the literature [29].
Having closest friends smoking was correlated with age at smoking initiation. Those who started smoking earlier tend to be triggered by a friend smoking. It is possible that those who started earlier accumulated more friends with similar smoking habit over a longer time than those who started later. Another explanation for this may be the tendency of smokers to associate with smokers. However, peer smoking appears to be the most important factor influencing smoking initiation. Some studies [30, 31] suggested that susceptibility to peer pressure is influenced by race and gender. The competing influences such as peer smoking and mother's smoking play an important role in adolescent smoking behavior. One review concluded that smoking behavior of family and friends was consistently associated with adolescent smoking [32]. Thus children living with smokers may be not only at high risk of initiating smoking, but also of smoking at a very young age. Peer influence may modify the association between parent and adolescent cigarette smoking. The association between parent and adolescent cigarette smoking may weaken as adolescents age [33], or peer influence may increase as adolescents age while the influence of parents remains generally the same [34].
Academic achievement was a significant correlate of smoking initiation. Failing grades was correlated with increased risk of smoking initiation and this was more pronounced in grades 6–8. This finding is consistent with a number of different studies in the literature. [10, 35–36]. Performance at school was also correlated with earlier age at onset of smoking. Those with low grades (D or F) tend to initiate smoking earlier than other students with higher grades. This finding is new and point to the need to educate children with bad performance in elementary school about the danger of initiating smoking. However, due to the nature of the data, we cannot ascertain the directionality of the cause-effect relation, if any, which may explain this correlation. For example smoking may lead to absence from classes, less attention and thus students may perform poorly at school. On the other hand, poor performance may by itself lead the student to be associated with other students with poor performance and this may ultimately result in initiation of smoking.
The present study has some limitations. First, conclusions that can be drawn from this study are limited by the cross-sectional nature of the data. Specifically, it is not possible to determine whether the observed differences (for example, by school performance) emerged before or after smoking initiation. We could use the same argument to explain the correlation between closest friend smoking and onset of individual smoking. Second, the sample size was relatively small for Hispanic and other races to allow for additional analyses stratified by race. Third, we did not investigate personal factors (such as depressive symptoms, weight control, and pocket money) in this study and these factors may affect smoking initiation in adolescents. For example, adolescents with depressive symptoms are more likely to start smoking compared to non-depressed adolescent [37]. Younger children may smoke to cope with anxiety and depression [10]. In addition, smoking and depression could be common consequences of familial and other factors. [38]. Coogan et al. [10] reported an association between dieting and smoking among girls of all ages, which suggest that young girls may also smoke to control their weight as early as elementary schools. Pocket money is also positively associated with smoking initiation in adolescent. [39]
Finally, smoking status was based on self-report and therefore subject to respondent recall and may be deliberate misreporting. Data on current smoking were not verified by biomarkers such as cotinine assessment or exhaled carbon monoxide. However, we used a validated NYTS methodology, and weighted analysis that adjusted for design effect and non-response bias. By doing so, our findings are valid, and could be compared to other studies using the same methodology. High school students in the United States report personal health risk behaviors reliably over time as reported by Brener et al.[40].
In conclusion, our data indicated that race, smoking by family member or closest friend, and performances in school are significant correlates of smoking initiation in adolescents. These variables are important not only in affecting experimentation with cigarette smoking but also in facilitating this at an earlier age. In order to reduce the risk of smoking initiation, smoking prevention programs need to focus on environmental influences of early adolescent smoking such as parent and peer smoking. Smoking prevention programs should include components focused on adolescents' home environment and to start as early as the 4th grade. The possible impact of the smoking ban in Ohio in reducing cigarette smoking among adolescents in Northwest Ohio remains to be observed.
Factors | Weighted Total | Ever Smoked | p-value | ||
Gender | 0.332 | ||||
Male | 2,689 | 53.6 | 721 | 26.8 | |
Females | 2,332 | 46.4 | 597 | 25.6 | |
Race | 0.0001 | ||||
Whites | 4,342 | 86.7 | 1,099 | 25.3 | |
Blacks | 376 | 7.5 | 102 | 27.1 | |
Hispanic | 220 | 4.4 | 94 | 42.7 | |
Other | 71 | 1.4 | 21 | 29.6 | |
Grade | 0.0001 | ||||
4 | 549 | 10.9 | 35 | 6.4 | |
5 | 541 | 10.8 | 46 | 8.5 | |
6 | 541 | 10.8 | 59 | 10.9 | |
7 | 560 | 11.1 | 109 | 19.5 | |
8 | 549 | 10.9 | 123 | 22.4 | |
9 | 636 | 12.7 | 202 | 31.8 | |
10 | 547 | 10.9 | 224 | 41.0 | |
11 | 548 | 10.9 | 240 | 43.8 | |
12 | 550 | 11.0 | 279 | 50.7 | |
All | 5,021 | 100.0 | 1,318 | 26.2 |
Grade 4–5 | Grade 6–8 | Grade 9–12 | ||||
%ever | p-value | %ever | p-value | %ever | p-value | |
Gender | ||||||
Male | 8.0 | 0.367 | 17.4 | 0.733 | 42.7 | 0.455 |
Females | 6.5 | 18.0 | 40.6 | |||
Race | ||||||
Whites | 7.2 | 0.099 | 16.2 | 0.0001 | 41.1 | 0.015 |
Blacks | 4.7 | 26.8 | 36.3 | |||
Hispanic | 17.2 | 30.4 | 53.8 | |||
Other | 6.1 | 17.8 | 41.4 | |||
Academic achievement | ||||||
B or C | 7.4 | 15.9 | 44.9 | |||
D or F | 13.2 | 34.5 | 55.2 | |||
Living with a smoker | ||||||
None | 3.4 | 0.0001 | 8.2 | 0.0001 | 32.5 | 0.0001 |
Mother | 14.1 | 31.1 | 51.9 | |||
Father | 8.8 | 18.5 | 40.4 | |||
Brother or sister | 24.3 | 37.3 | 64.3 | |||
Other | 13.1 | 28.9 | 52.0 | |||
Closest friend smoke | ||||||
None | 4.5 | 0.0001 | 9.6 | 0.0001 | 26.3 | 0.0001 |
One | 26.5 | 34.4 | 48.7 | |||
Two or more | 30.9 | 42.3 | 61.6 |
Variable | OR | 95% confidence interval | p-value |
Grade | |||
4–5 | ref. | ||
6–8 | 2.15 | 1.64–2.81 | 0.0001 |
9–12 | 6.22 | 4.79–8.08 | 0.0001 |
Gender | |||
Female | ref. | ||
Male | 1.04 | 0.90–1.20 | 0.608 |
Race | |||
White | ref. | ||
African American | 0.90 | 0.68–1.19 | 0.449 |
Hispanic | 1.41 | 1.01–1.97 | 0.041 |
Other | 0.88 | 0.47–1.65 | 0.689 |
Academic | |||
achievement A | ref. | ||
B or C | 1.69 | 1.39–2.05 | 0.0001 |
D or F | 3.02 | 2.38–3.83 | 0.0001 |
Living with a smoker | |||
None | ref. | ||
Mother | 1.90 | 1.58–2.29 | 0.0001 |
Father | 1.35 | 1.07–1.70 | 0.01 |
Brother or sister | 2.96 | 2.16–4.06 | 0.0001 |
Other | 1.70 | 1.17–2.47 | 0.005 |
Closest friend smoke | |||
None | ref. | ||
One | 2.94 | 2.39–3.61 | 0.0001 |
Two or more | 4.90 | 4.13–5.81 | 0.0001 |
Variable | OR | 95% confidence interval | p-value |
Race | |||
White | 1 | - | - |
Black | 1.08 | 0.84–1.40 | 0.542 |
Hispanic | 1.91 | 1.41–2.60 | 0.001 |
Other | 2.00 | 1.13–3.54 | 0.018 |
Living with a smoker | |||
No smoker | 1 | - | - |
Mother | 2.07 | 1.73–2.48 | 0.001 |
Father | 1.39 | 1.10–1.76 | 0.006 |
Brother or sister | 2.88 | 2.17–3.83 | 0.001 |
Other | 1.68 | 1.19–2.38 | 0.003 |
Closest friend smoke | |||
None | 1 | - | - |
One | 2.93 | 2.36–3.63 | 0.001 |
2–4 | 4.14 | 3.50–4.92 | 0.001 |
Academic | |||
achievement A | 1 | - | - |
The authors would like to thank Jan Ruma, Hospital Council of Northwest Ohio, for her administrative leadership. This survey was implemented by the Great Lakes Marketing, Toledo, Ohio. We would also like to thank the Ohio Tobacco Prevention Foundation for providing funding for this study.
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Top Definition
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Come what may, she's quick off the blocks and ready to act.
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December 11, 2007
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
Male chameleons can change color via a mechanism different from most other color-changing animals. Most animals disperse or concentrate pigment granules in their skin to change color.
The chameleon relaxes or excites (which stretches) its skin, thereby changing the orientation of guanine crystals within the skin. This alteration in the crystal orientation causes light to reflect off of the crystals at different wavelengths.
Which of the following cellular substances also contain guanine?
Select ALL that apply.


text:
Geographical Origins in Early Massacoh (later Simsbury), Connecticut
In the 1640's, when John Griffin and Michael Humphrey first crossed the Farmington River at "The Falls," they were searching for virgin pine forest where they could pursue their tar and pitch business. What they found was a verdant valley bounded by two low mountain ranges, rich with fish and wildlife. The native Massacoe Indians, of the Algonquin Nation, had lived off the bounty of the rich land and flowing river.
The "Halfway Covenant" was not honored by the minister in Windsor and drove many to seek a more welcoming faith in the verdant Farmington River Valley. The settlement at Massacoh (as Simsbury was known until 1670) brought together many families whose descendants still live in the area.
Between 1648 and 1661, Indian lands were gradually deeded over to the Englishmen. In 1670, the Massacoh Plantation came to be named "Simsbury", probably after Symondsbury, Dorset, England. Many of the earliest English settlers came from Dorset, including Thomas Ford, the first to clear land and farm here.
The first land grant in Massacoh (later Simsbury) was in 1667. Of the thirty in all who had grants we find in Weatouge (a district), Joseph Phelps, the son of William Phelps the immigrant.
Simsbury Burned
On 13th March, 1676, it was ordered by the General Court that the people
of Simsbury remove to the neighboring settlements or plantations with
their cattle and valuables, and soon after their buildings were burned
by the Indians. This took place Saturday, 26th March, 1676.
Says Phelps the Historian: "The ruin was complete. Nothing but desolation remained. During all the Indian wars before and since this event, no destruction of all English settlement in New England has taken place, in which the ruin was more extensive or more general than this conflagration."
A neighboring mountain overlooking Simsbury was then called "Phelps Mountain," because Mr. Phelps owned lands on it, and where it is supposed the native American leader Metacomet, also known as "King Philip" was then encamped, overlooking and gloating in the destruction he had caused. It is called the Metacomet Ridge today.
Early in 1676, the danger being over, most of the settlers returned. May 4th, 1677, we find Joseph Phelps, with nine others, petitioning the General Assembly for assistance in taxing, on account of loss caused by the Indians, which was partially granted.
The War of the Revolution had a profound effect on the Town. Nearly 1,000 Simsbury residents, more than in any other war, served in the Revolution. One hundred Simsbury soldiers engaged in the Battle of Bunker Hill. Noah Phelps was the most noted hero, as it was his spying which led to the capture of Fort Ticonderoga by Ethan Allen and his Green Mountain Boys.
Simsbury, Connecticut, in 1780. Click for larger image [32kb]. (1) |
"May 7th 1683, we find Joseph Phelps with thirty-one others, in all thirty-two (probably the voters of Simsbury at that time), signing a paper, the substance of which was that they not agreeing on a spot for locating their Meeting House, there being two places selected. It was decided to cast lots, and Gov. John Talcott and Capt. John Allyn were chosen to do this. Their action is thus described in the History of Simsbury. "
"May 8th, 1683, the above written agreement of ye above sides is well approved by John Talcott, John Allyn."
At a solemn meeting May 24th, 1683, "where as there is two papers putt in ye hatt, one east and ye other for ye west of the River, for ye decision of ye two places formerly mentioned. It is now agreed that ye first paper that is drawn shall be ye last. This voted, the lot that came forth was for ye west side of ye River." 1
Phelps Land Grants in Simsbury
The archives of the Simsbury Historical Society contains a manuscript written in 1810 by the then Town Clerk, Benjamin Ely. It is a record of the names and amounts of land granted to Simsbury inhabitants in 1723. The Phelps grantees are listed below.
At a town meeting of the inhabitants of Simsbury regularly convened January the second 1723 the said town granted to the several persons hereafter named the quantities of land hereafter exprefsed.
Ensign Phelps 300 acres
Joseph Phelps junr 136 acres
Timothy Phelps 160 acres
Nathaniel Phelps 40 acres
"January the second 1723 the above sums to the men there named was voted in the affirmative and the remaining land to be divided by the same proportions. A true Copy of Records Examined by Benjamin Ely Town Clerk Simsbury Nov 19th 1810 Book 3rd page 24th & onwards. Fees - 40 Cents"
^ 1 From The Phelps Family of America and Their English Ancestors, (Save $201 by ordering through us.) Two volumes. By Judge Oliver Seymour Phelps and Andrew T. Servin. (Eagle Publishing Company of Pittsfield, Mass., 1899).
^ 2 For more information, see The Halfway Convenant.


text:
Monday October 21, 2013 3:52 pm
We're giving away a brand new iPad mini!
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text:
February 3, 2015
Felicity Jones Frontrunner For 'STAR WARS' Spin-Off; Aaron Paul And Edgar Ramirez In The Mix
Hollywood Reporter has word that Oscar nominated actress Felicity Jones (Amazing Spider-Man 2, Like Crazy, The Theory of Everything) is now in talks with Lucasfilm for the female lead in Gareth Edwards' untitled Star Wars film. Jones had been linked along with actresses Rooney Mara, Kate Mara and Orphan Black's Tatiana Maslany.
Rumors had suggested otherwise as it was said that Tatiana Maslany was the frontrunner, that seems to be untrue from this new trade report. The film she's working on that led to her dropping out of a play is actually a indie starring opposite Dane DeHaan.
They are also reporting that actors Aaron Paul (Breaking Bad) and Edgar Ramirez (Zero Dark Thirty) in the mix for the male lead. There had been suggestions that male lead could be Han Solo and Paul was rumored for that part. This might mean that Edgar could be taking that Boba Fett, but nothing says that's indeed the role.
After Lucasfilm hiring Oscar Isaac in The Force Awakens, there is hope they'll be hiring more latino actors for lead roles.
Latino Review recently suggested that both Boba Fett and Solo would be featured in the film, could there be two male leads?
We should come to expect not to really trust the word of pop-up sites when it comes to Star Wars news. There have been a couple of interesting ones but likely very untrue rumors circling recently.
They include the very busy Michael Fassbender linked for the Boba Fett role (unlikely due to X-Men and Assassin's Creed productions) and Tatiana Maslany playing Sabine from Rebels.
Just a couple of days ago we speculated on the latter, but nothing actually is pointing to that being factual besides the timeline. It's funny that one site's speculation can be another's rumor.
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Iran's President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad has gone on the warpath against the West at the United Nations again, sparking a mass walkout by outraged US and European delegations.
The Iranian leader accused the US of using the "mysterious" September 11 attacks as a "pretext" to invade Afghanistan and Iraq.
He also repeated comments casting doubt on the origins of the Holocaust and criticised the United States for killing Osama bin Laden rather than bringing him to trial.
European countries use the Holocaust as an excuse to pay "ransom to the Zionists", he said. The "diabolical" aims of the West are the cause of wars and the financial crisis, Ahmadinejad stormed.
In a repeat of walkouts at the United Nations and other international events in recent years, a US diplomat monitoring the speech in the UN General Assembly left halfway through the 20 minute discourse on Thursday.
The 27 European Union nations then followed in a coordinated protest move.
"Mr Ahmadinejad had a chance to address his own people's aspirations for freedom and dignity, but instead he again turned to abhorrent anti-Semitic slurs and despicable conspiracy theories," said US mission spokesman Mark Kornblau.
The German delegation said in a statement that it was protesting over the "crude, anti-American, anti-Israeli and anti-West tirade by the Iranian president".
And a French spokesman called Ahmadinejad's attacks "unacceptable".
The Iranian president caused a UN walkout last year when he alleged the US government could have been behind the September 11 attacks. He has also used speeches in the past to call for the destruction of Israel and cast doubt on the existence of the Holocaust.
Israel and Canada were among countries which had no diplomats in the assembly even for the start of Ahmadinejad's latest speech.
Ahmadinejad told the UN summit that the United States and its allies use the Western media to "threaten anyone who questions the Holocaust and the September 11 event with sanctions and military action".
Mr Ahmadinejad had a chance to address his own people's aspirations for freedom and dignity, but instead he again turned to abhorrent anti-Semitic slurs and despicable conspiracy theories.
Some European countries "still use the Holocaust, after six decades, as the excuse to pay fine(s) or ransom to the Zionists." The United States considered Zionism as "sacred" while they "allow sacrileges and insult" against other religions.
The Iranian leader said he had been threatened by the US government after he last year alleged American government involvement in the attacks and called for an independent investigation.
Moving to the US operation to kill bin Laden, Ahmadinejad said the al-Qaeda leader should have been brought to trial "in order to identify the elements behind the safe space provided for the invading aircraft to attack the twin World Trade Centre towers".
In a general blast at the West, Ahmadinejad said: "Hypocrisy and deceit are allowed in order to secure their interests and imperialistic goal."
"Drug trafficking and killing of innocent human beings are also allowed in pursuit of such diabolic goals," he added.
"They weaken countries through military intervention and destroy their infrastructures, in order to plunder their resources by making them all the more dependent."
Western diplomats said they had expected a tough speech by Ahmadinejad and had prepared walkout plans in advance.
White House spokesman Jay Carney dismissed Ahmadinejad's remarks. "Our views on Iran's behaviour and its vile mistreatment of its own citizens are well known. I find it rich that the Iranian president has such criticisms."


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text:
When How I Met Your Mother came along nine years ago, I watched it only sporadically, and not for long. I only saw a few episodes of the early seasons, and then the random one up to about three years ago. It was something that was on the edge of my subconscious, not really watched but known about to the point I had it listed as a favourite show on Facebook.
Nevertheless, I still read up on the finale on Wikipedia. Up to that point, I'd found it quite one-dimensional that until the final episode, the 'mother' character had only ever been known as just that - no name or personal identity, just that one word. "The Mother."
What I found really interesting was what Wikipedia described as the 'polarized' critical reaction from everyone - either you loved the end or hated it. That seems to be the general reaction to most series finales these days. It seemed the same for other shows I'd not really watched intensely but knew about or admired from a distance. Like Lost, or Dexter, or Breaking Bad. My work colleague, Imad, hated the finales of all three. Me, I'm mostly indifferent or lightly impressed, never one to severely dislike a plot resolution - unless it makes absolutely no sense to the point of insulting my intelligence.
The most important thing I think, really, is to consider the context and the world a series gives you. You see all the exciting or purposeful or defining moments in the main character's lives in an episode, not a slideshow of him or her waking up, going to the bathroom, eating breakfast, washing up or showering, going to work, working, having a lunch break, etc. etc. etc....you're going to see him or her have an unusual day with conflict or discovery or extraordinary affairs that defines an episodic program. As a result, to keep a series going, you get these plot arcs that writers will stretch for too long or make out as way too big a deal. With an ongoing premise in the background to keep people interested.
For the Mother series, I read that fans felt screwed over when Barney and Robin divorced in the finale after such a large amount of time was spent throughout the series having them get together. What a waste of time that was. Well, the truth is, that's how life works. You felt cheated out of something you put a lot of hope into because a couple of writers put too much time and effort making that relationship a big deal over a long period of time. Carter and Bays (the show's writers and creators) made you see that plot arc through a lens that made it seem perfect and hopeful and constant, even drawn out, and then they pulled off a move that's perfectly realistic to reality - in three minutes.
Of course, I never saw the finale nor watched the entire series. I'm probably lacking any credit. But so what? It's amazing how fans of a television show or comic book or novel or whatever work of fiction will develop such strong emotions or hopes for the fictional characters therein. I can understand connection, being able to connect with a character and see yourself in him or her, or feel at home reading or watching, but you can't divorce those characters from their creators, writers who have free will to make that character do whatever he or she wants, virtually on a whim. A showrunner or creator, and the writers, will often try to write or direct in a way that satisfies the viewer, of course, but they aren't perfect; they can't please everyone, and in my opinion, when they make a choice upon a plot line that is realistic and resounding with truth, they're doing a good job. For How I Met Your Mother, Carter and Bays did a pretty good job making a sort of chronicle of a story, as well as creating mystery, but the fans who disliked the ending put too much of their own wants into fictional characters while the writing duo put too much emphasis on a relationship dynamic - Barney and Robin could have still married, but it didn't have to be as big a deal as it was, considering they divorce minutes later in the final episode.
There was another complaint about how "the Mother" was briefly mentioned as passing away, and how that wasn't big enough - but again, that's just another plot element that's logical and makes sense. The ending of How I Met Your Mother isn't about "The Mother's" funeral and Ted grieving, it's about the relationships he has with his friends over that long period of time, with his meeting of "The Mother" the backdrop of the series (and minor premise). People get sick and die prematurely, families lose their loved ones. It's an unfortunate part of life. People get divorced, and in Barney and Robin's case, it made sense considering one was going sky-high with her career and travel, and the other couldn't keep up with that.
The final thing I want to say, really, is that despite my not keeping up with the series very well, there was one thing about the ending I did really like. Ted's children realize that he still likes Robin. In the end, he goes to her apartment with some kind of horn - apparently this instrument has meaning, I don't know, sorry for my ignorance - and they immediately connect. I like that because it comes full circle (I do remember Ted trying to date her at the beginning of the series) and it kind of clears things up perfectly for them because Robin seems kind of left out towards the end, on her own, and Ted seems much the same, so their connection speaks to me. The finale aired on March 31st. If I had a favourite character on that show, it was Robin, and I like that they seem to have a good ending; I liked her because she's Canadian and has an attractive personality to me. They once referenced You Can't Do That on Television in one episode - a children's show produced in the very neighbourhood I grew up, on Merivale Road - when Robin's background as a minor Canadian teenage pop personality was a focus of the episode.
Anyway, my general statement is, life has its contexts. All television does is magnify certain situations and paint them in a way that make them seem overly meaningful when they aren't, necessarily. It's like reality television and how it intentionally paints its participants - cut together five shots of one of the women crying on Hell's Kitchen five times in one episode when those shots were recorded over five weeks for different reasons, and you've got a false impression that she's infantile when she isn't. The show created that context. That's what TV does. Don't forget that every fictional character is written. The amount of death threats I've heard of out there that writers or comic book writers gets is absurd. They killed Brian on Family Guy! So what? Dogs get run over in real-life. Cartoons don't have to be immortal. It's a cartoon. Geez.
Justin C.


text:
"Simply let experience take place very freely, so that your open heart is suffused with the tenderness of true compassion." – Tsoknyi Rinpoche
For over 21 years, Tsoknyi Rinpoche has been teaching students worldwide about the innermost nature of mind in the Tibetan Buddhist tradition. Rinpoche is one of those rare teachers whose lighthearted, yet illuminating style appeals to both beginners and advanced practitioners alike. He is truly a bridge between ancient wisdom and the modern mind.
Nurturing the Mind of Compassion
In truth, devotion, compassion and intelligence should come about naturally, but their natural arising is a bit difficult at the beginning. The Dzogchen texts mentions that on the 'exterior,' we should maintain a training in rigpa that is uncontrived, while on the 'interior' we sometimes start a session with a fabricated meditation. Whatever the case may be, you must definitely train in loving-kindness and compassion during the post-meditation. Since they are rooted in intelligence, love and compassion naturally and gradually blossom the more you genuinely train in rigpa.
Please understand that the compassion and devotion that arise from experiencing the awakened state are not what we conventionally know as compassion and devotion. It is together with true intelligence, the real knowledge of how to be free—that is why they can become true compassion and true devotion.
Fearless Simplicity, p. 258
Tsoknyi Rinpoche on Manifesting Compassion
To learn more about Tsoknyi Rinpoche visit http://www.tsoknyirinpoche.org/
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- Sales: Furniture, Backdrops, Props, Miscellaneous
- Sales: Tonner and Wilde Imagination
- Sales: Jun Planning, LUTS 60cm Shiwoo, BJD Books
- Sales: Magazines, Books & Patterns
- Sales: Kingdom Doll, Ficon, Deva Doll, Fashions
- Sales: Mattel Barbie; Monster High
- Sales: Gene Marshall; Madame Alexander; Mod British Birds
- Sales: Sybarite
- Sales: Integrity Toys 12" and 16"
- Sales: Wigs
Paper Dolls
This links to the Picasa album of Bobe who has posted all of these books and their contents.
3 comments:
- Anonymous9/9/10, 12:31 PM
I loved paper dolls as a girl. If only I could have figured out how to draw feet straight on I might have had a career as a fashion illustrator, LOL. Someone told me there is still a thriving paper doll collector base and they even have a convention!?! Who knew.
LauraLA - Anonymous9/9/10, 3:20 PM
Thank you for your latest treasure - sharing your paper doll images, and links! I too, was nutty about paper dolls as a kid. I made many of my own, using comic books, coloring books and magazines. I do still collect them. About 10 a year. I would love to go to a convention!
Helen - Anonymous9/10/10, 10:12 AM
Terri-Awesome site-thanks for sharing!I've been trying to find photos of vintage paperdolls that are in nice condition-these are perfect!


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The bike that ruled the podium at the height of mountain bike racing is back to reclaim the top step. Refined and reinvigorated with new technology, Top Fuel is the fastest bike on the trail.
The better-than-ever Top Fuel is the fast, versatile choice for the cross country racer, marathon rider and the entire Trek Factory Racing World Cup team.
Advanced XC suspension
Proven Trek suspension tech like ABP, EVO Link and Full Floater are optimised for short-travel speed and efficiency, including a race-tuned shock.
Doubly stiff: Boost148/110
The wider 148mm rear and 110mm front hub spacing on 29ers creates stronger, less flexy wheels and allows for wider tyres, shorter chainstays and more chainring options.
G2: a better-handling 29er
Advanced frame geometry and a custom offset fork give you precise handling at low speed without compromising high-speed stability.
Smart Wheel Size
One wheel size does not fit all. We put the right size wheel on every frame: 27.5" on 15.5" frames, 29er on 17.5" and up. Everyone wins.
There are currently no questions and answers for this product.
There are currently no reviews for this product.
Features | |
RE:aktiv XC: the smartest, fastest, most efficient shock ever | |
Boost148/110: stronger wheels, more tyre clearance, shorter stays | |
Mino Link adjustable geometry lets you fine tune your ride | |
Exclusive suspension tech with ABP and Full Floater | |
Frameset | |
Colour | Matte Trek Black |
Frame | Alpha Platinum Aluminium, ABP, Full Floater, EVO link, E2 tapered head tube, Mino Link, MicroTruss, internal derailleur and dropper post routing, downtube guard, PF92, Boost148 and G2 Geometry on 29ers, 100mm travel |
Front suspension | Fox Performance 32 Float, Step Cast, Grip adjustable damper, E2 tapered steerer, Boost110, G2 Geometry w/51mm offset on 29ers, 100mm travel |
Rear suspension | Fox Performance Float, RE:aktiv XC 2-position damper, tuned by Trek Suspension Lab, 6.5x1.5" |
Wheels | |
Wheels | Bontrager Mustang Elite, Tubeless Ready, Boost110 front, Boost148 rear (15.5: 142x12 rear) |
Tyres | Bontrager XR1 Expert, Tubeless Ready, Inner Strength sidewalls, aramid bead, 29x2.20" (15.5: 27.5x2.20") |
Drivetrain | |
Shifters | Shimano Deore, 10-speed |
Front derailleur | Shimano Deore, low direct mount |
Rear derailleur | Shimano Deore XT, Shadow Plus |
Crank | Race Face Ride, 36/22 |
Bottom bracket | PF92 |
Cassette | Shimano HG50, 11-36, 10-speed |
Chain | KMC X10 |
Components | |
Saddle | Bontrager Evoke 2, chromoly rails |
Seatpost | Bontrager Rhythm Elite, 2-bolt head, 31.6mm, zero offset |
Handlebar | Bontrager Race Lite, 31.8mm, 5mm rise |
Stem | Bontrager Elite, 31.8mm, 7 degree, Blendr compatible |
Grips | Bontrager Race Lite, lock-on |
Headset | Integrated, cartridge bearing, sealed, 1-1/8" top, 1.5" bottom |
Brakeset | Shimano Deore hydraulic disc |
Note: Manufacturer may reserve the right to change the specification of that listed or shown on this page.


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- 72 years old
- Date of birth: May 11, 1939
- Place of birth:
Broklyn, New York, United States - Date of passing: Jun 3, 2011
- Place of passing:
Tucson, Arizona, United States
Let the memory of Henry be with us forever |
This memorial website was created in the memory of our loved one, Henry Vetrano, 72, born on May 11, 1939 and passed away on June 3, 2011. We will remember him forever. Dad you left us eairly in life, I will miss you forever, i'm glad you were there for my wedding to walk me down the isle, & to dance with me, as father & daughter dance at our wedding. I hope you are with the family now & pain free,
"Dear Uncle Henry I cannot believe another year has passed since you left us fly with the Angel's ,I miss you so much"
"Dearest Uncle Henry ,I miss you so very much,Happy birthday in Heaven.love you forever❤❤❤"
"My Dearest Uncle Henry I can't believe another year has come since you went home to be with our lord,I miss you so much my Dearest Santa"
"I am sorry to hear about Henry. I know at times it is hard to find comfort for our losses. But the Bible promises at Acts 24:15 that there will be a resurrection. A chance to see our loved ones again. This scripture gives me comfort and I hope it does the same for you."
"Uncle Henry. I miss you and love you always. You were the best "Uncle Henny" who always made everything better. Thank you for touching my life in such a special way. I will see you in heaven some day. All my love. Robyn"
"My dearest Uncle Henry,you were my godfather and my 1st Santa Claus and the best.I remember spending the summers with you and Aunt Barbara ,I had so much fun,I remember you almost fainted when I cut my finger on a lounge chair.I will always love you,and I miss you so much,I hope you are with all our loved ones.RIP.Love your niece Diane."
"Dear GOD, please watch over my DAD,"
to visit this memorial:
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From NeuroLex
A list of all pages that have property "Is part of" with value ":Category:California Institute of Technology; California; USA"- Resource:WormBase +
- Resource:World Lab +
- Resource:Textpresso +
- Resource:SpBase - Strongylocentrotus purpuratus: the Sea Urchin Genome Database +
- Resource:Southern California Earthquake Data Center +
- Resource:SBML +
- Resource:Rodrigo Quian Quiroga EEG ERP and single cell recordings database +
- Resource:ERANGE +
- Resource:E-RANGE +
- Resource:Computational and Neural Systems +
- Resource:Caltech, The Beckman Institute: The Biological Network Modeling Center +
- Resource:California Institute of Technology - Computation and Neural Systems +
- Resource:Association for the Scientific Study of Consciousness +
- Resource:AfCS +
- Resource:ASTER +
- Resource:3D MRI Atlas of Mouse Development +
*Note: Neurolex imports many terms and their ids from existing community ontologies, e.g., the Gene Ontology. Neurolex, however, is a dynamic site and any content beyond the identifier should not be presumed to reflect the content or views of the source ontology. Users should consult with the authoritative source for each ontology for current information.


text:
| Add to Favorites
The MapleStory + Mabinogi Event is back! Last year's classic crossover with our friends over at MapleStory are back for another round of fun! With new Homestead Props and a new buddy that loves Erinn so much he feels like sticking around, there's plenty for everyone to work for!
Buy Maple Story mesos!Read more at ms4mesos.com


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Ganksoft Entertainment
this wiki
Ganksoft Entertainment | |
Type | not disclosed |
Founded | 1998 |
Headquarters | New York |
Key people | Brian Peek, founder, Joe Buczek, David Wallimann (inactive), Mike Kilcullen (inactive), Bob Thayer (inactive), Dale Storer (inactive) |
Industry | Video games |
Products | Annoid, NeoPoccott DC, DreamPac, SarienDC, Marbol |
Employees | 7 (5 inactive) |
Website | http://www.ganksoft.com/ |
Ganksoft Entertainment is an American video game and computer game developer.
"Ganksoft Entertainment" was started by Brian Peek in 1998 as a group name for his software projects. Ganksoft has grown since then, and has gone from a group releasing emulator projects to designing games of their own.
Ganksoft made an appearance at E3 2001 on the DC Tonic demo CDs which were given out to the Sega Dreamcast fans at the show. Ganksoft's contribution to the disk was a demo of a puzzle game called Marbol. DC Tonic has been well received and has even been reportedly mistaken for an actual commercial demo, though the developers were rushed for time in its production, and the tools used were not at a very high level of quality at the time.
In 2005, Cryptic Allusion picked up the development of Marbol where Ganksoft left off, this time aimed at Mac OS X and Windows users.
Notable titles
- Marbol (2001/2005) - Puzzle, internally developed


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A CBI team has arrived at Rajarappa to assist the police in probing the theft of jewelleries and damage to the idol with the investigators not ruling out Maoist 'involvement' in the sacrilege.
"A CBI team on Monday came from Kolkata. On Tuesday sniffer dogs trailed along the Damodar river and reached as far as Mahuadand block in Bokaro district, a Maoist-den. So we cannot rule out that (Maoist) angle too," a senior police officer said in Hazirabagh.
Unknown men had broken the idol of 'Chinmastika' and looted jewelleries of the temple on July 2, triggering widespread protests, including a day-long statewide bandh.
BJP leader Yashwant Sinha had contributed Rs 2.1 lakh even as temple authorities arranged to re-instal a new idol, which has been readied by a sculptor from Jaipur, on July 16.
The temple authorities said the kalas-sthapana might take place on Wednesday.
Puja at the temple has been stopped since the incident.


text:
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Black Hole Sun Recipe
Bourbon, Cold-brew Coffee, Simple Syrup, Orange Bitters, Angostura Bitters, Chocolate Bitters
Invented by Houston bartender Bryan Hutchinson, the Black Hole Sun brings the Old-Fashioned into the realm of coffee cocktails with a splash of cold-brew and a delicious combination of orange, Angostura, and chocolate bitters.
Black Hole Sun Ingredients
2 oz bourbon | ||
0.5 oz cold-brew coffee | ||
0.5 oz simple syrup (1:1) | ||
2 dashes orange bitters | ||
1 dash Angostura bitters | ||
1 dash chocolate bitters | ||
Lemon wheel for garnish |
How to make a Black Hole Sun
- Add all ingredients to a mixing glass with ice and stir until chilled.
- Strain into Old-Fashioned glass and garnish with a lemon wheel floating in cocktail.


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A majestic Tufted Puffin is the centerpiece of this shot. A miniscule but spunky Least Auklet is in the foreground, staring needles at your blogger, while a Black-legged Kittiwake incubates eggs in the background.
If you're in the Columbus area, and would like to "virtually" visit St. Paul Island in the Bering Sea, feel free to come by the Grandview Heights Library at 1685 West 1st Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43212 at 7:30 pm this Wednesday evening. I'm giving a talk about my experiences on this remote Bering Sea volcanic island for the Columbus Horticultural Society and guests are welcome.
St. Paul Island is a bird-filled, fascinating place that is a four hour flight west of Anchorage. You almost CAN see Russia from there! Tall jagged cliffs support a fantastic array of breeding seabirds, and jumbo Northern Fur Seals wallow on the black sand beaches.
Red-legged Kittiwake, one of the harder North American bird species to see, but not on St. Paul Island.
Hope to see you there!
Monday, January 17, 2011
St. Paul Island, Alaska revisited
3 comments:
- Photo Bee 1 said...
I agree with you re St Paul I spent 8 days ther this summer. People should enjoy your talk. Looking foward to seeing you again in West Virginia
- January 17, 2011 at 12:22 PM
- plainbirder said...
Oh man, can't be there, but would love too!!!!
- January 19, 2011 at 8:18 AM
That Puffin is an awesome bird!!
- January 19, 2011 at 7:49 PM
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Women's Metallic Classic Chain 18k Gold Extra Small Bracelet
From John Hardy, this yellow gold bracelet features chain detailing. 18K yellow gold. 7.5"L. Approximate lengths: Small 6.5-7.0", Medium 7.5", Large 7.5-8.0". Pushlock clasp. Photo may have been enlarged and/or enhanced. John Hardy bracelets are handcrafted; lengths vary. Country Of Origin: Imported. Color: metallic


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I've been working off and on with my Brod and Taylor dough proofer as I put together my courses. I've added the new optional second shelf to extend my use of the proofer. I've used this proofer since it first came out in and was actually a beta tester for the company. I jumped right onboard and READ MORE »
Posts in category Reviews
Program the KD8000 Scale and Use the Baker's Percent Key
I've been asked for quite a while to show how to turn off the "auto turn off" and also how to use the baker's percent key for the KD8000. I made two videos because the one I was going to make was just too long, so I split it in two.
In this video I unbox the new scale and show you how to use it and some of it's features. I also show you how to program the "auto turn off" READ MORE »
Sandwiches Anyone?
I couldn't pass up sharing this post from Elite Daily. I've haven't seen such wonderful sandwich porn in a very long time and not so many in one place!
Here are some to start out with:
Avocado, Asparagus and Dill Havarti Grilled Cheese
My Favorite Baking Equipment – Gotta – Wanna –
I am often asked where I get this piece of baking equipment or that one. I have done a few posts on singular items but no posts on an inclusive list of baking equipment I use or want to use. 🙂
These are mostly Amazon links and I am an affiliate. It won't cost you anymore to use my links, but it will help me out. Also, if you pull any live link to your desktop and use it as an entry portal every time you use Amazon, I will be credited a small amount and lots of small amounts adds up to large amounts and then I can get my kids bigger clothes (they don't seem to stop eating) 😉
So here goes: READ MORE »
Kneading Conference West 2013
For the third year in a row, the folks who put together Kneading Conference West, did a wonderful job. It was great to see baker friends from former conferences, Floyd of The Fresh Loaf, MC of Farine and Meeghan of Breadsong.
It was also great to see baking instructors from past conferences, Scott Mangold of Bread Farm, READ MORE »
Hand Crafted Wooden Lame – Shop
I am Wyllis Greenway, Teresa's son. I originally designed these lames because I love to work with wood. Most bread slashers you could get were either made of plastic or metal. I thought that a lame should invite the same sense of warmth and character into a kitchen that a loaf of freshly baked bread does, which is why I decided to use richly colored woods and compliment them with shimmery brass hardware. READ MORE »
Kneading Conference West 2012 Part II
Kneading Conference West is a three day event held in September at the Washington State University Extension and Research facility in Mt. Vernon. It brings together bakers, plant breeders, millers, brewers and even oven builders, all with some connection to grain. READ MORE »
Kneading Conference West 2012 Part I
Kneading Conference West (Sept 13, 14 and 15) 2012 was a terrific success. I had the privilege of attending for the second year in a row and I am really glad I did. The Kneading Conference is held in the beautiful Skagit Valley in Mt Vernon, Wa at READ MORE »
March 5 and Rose's Cafe/Bakery
March 5, marks the second anniversary of my escaping an abusive situation. Each March 5, I light a candle, let it burn all day long and ask others to do so as well – to remember those who have lived with and suffered (are still suffering) or died from abuse.
Brod and Taylor Bread Proofer – Review
Brod and Taylor sent several of us online blogging bakers their new Folding Bread Proofer. I was one of them. My Technical Administrator on the Sourdough Forum and I were talking about jerry rigging our own proofer before I received notice from Brod and Taylor about testing their new proofer.


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Chlorine Free Pools in Gröbern (Bavaria) Upper Bavaria > Bavaria > Germany
Looking for Chlorine Free Pools in Gröbern (Bavaria) (Bavaria)? Lots of of them belong to gyms or sport centers which also offer lessons. Swimia.com has one of the most up-to-date database about Chlorine Free Pools in Gröbern (Bavaria) (Bavaria). Not all countries are the very same, and swimming regulations and rules are changing from one country to one more.
Nearest Chlorine Free Pools in Gröbern, listing 4
Holmes Place - Hamburg
Updated on 2017 Aussenalster , Bostelreihe 2 , Hamburg , GERMANY (Postal Code: 22083). Among all the activities provided by the center, should you be thinking about swimming you can expect to appreciate 25 meters x 10 meters, Non-Chlorine Sanitized, Indoors. If you need to get in touch with this Swimming Pool, email address and phone number are both number.
Im Neuenheimer Feld 710 , Neuenheim , Heidelberg , GERMANY (Postal Code: 69120). This sports center delivers Olympic size x 25 meters, Non-Chlorine Sanitized, Indoors. For this Swimming Pool, only phone number is number here.
Hallenbad Rheine
Hemelter Straße 38 , Rheine , GERMANY (Postal Code: 48429). Swimmers like you reported 25 meters x 12.5 meters, Salt Water, Non-Chlorine Sanitized, Indoors. Unfortunately we do not have the email address of this Swimming Pool, but we can provide you with the phone number.
Schwimm- und Sprunghalle im Europa-Sportpark
Paul-Heyse-Straße 26 , Prenzlauer Berg / Friedrichshain , Berlin , GERMANY (Postal Code: 10407). Few days ago a standard user of this center told us they offer Olympic size x 25 meters, 10 lanes, 3 meters depth, 3 meters depth, Non-Chlorine Sanitized, Indoors. Furthermore, they keep in good conditions Olympic size x 25 meters, 10 lanes, 2 meters depth, 2 meters depth, Indoors. For this Swimming Pool, only phone number is number here.


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Videos For An Earth In Transition – http://www.earth-heal.com/index.php/videos.html
Source: Tim van Beveren
Via Green Med Info
Here a "teaser" of this award winning documentary film by Tim van Beveren. This film is the first full-length and independent investigative documentary film of its kind about the history and the impact of what has become known as the "Aerotoxic Syndrome" over the past decades and which is termed by insiders as one of the aviation industry's "dirty little secrets".
Aviation journalist and award winning filmmaker Tim van Beveren from Berlin, Germany has closely followed for more than two year lasting investigation into the causes that led to the death of former British Airways pilot Richard M. Westgate who died in December 2012 in a hotel near Amsterdam at the age of just 43 years.
The film is now available as DVD at: http://www.webstore-tvbmedia.com/stor….


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Follow the culinary adventures and misadventures of the Cooking Agents (Ray and Katie). Watch as we eat/cook our way into adulthood.
The one year anniversary of our last post is coming up, so we thought it would be as a good a time as any to dig this blog out of its grave. A recap of the holidays seems appropriate.
Knowing that I was going to be taking a rip to China for two weeks during Thanksgiving, led me to organize a little Friendsgiving a few weeks before I took off. I was originally thinking of inviting around 10 folks, but since I had a new roommate who wasn't around and gave me more control of the common areas, 25 people ended up accepting an invite and 19 people showed up. It was the first time I was hosting so it felt like a good opportunity to go big. One thing that helped was that I didn't take a vacation day from work in 2012 until late October so I had plenty of time to prepare. I had the Friday off before the party (on a Sunday), but the total prep time stretched to the weeks before hand.
3 weeks out-send out invitations, start planning menu (the fun stuff)
2 weeks out-trim down menu, begin shopping lists
6 days before party-regret decision to host, buy alcohol
5 days before party-buy pantry goods, dry ingredients, turkey
4 days before party-plan out prep and cooking schedule, assign dishes to pots and pans
3 days before party-clean, set up chairs and tables out of storage
2 days before party-brine turkey, buy fresh foods, prep and make apps, soup, desserts, snacks, beast mode
1 day before party-air dry turkey, cook majority of side dishes, beast mode, panic attack
day of party-showtime
Luckily, my sister and her husband came a few hours early to help out with the last of the prep so the afternoon was a lot less stressful. The final menu looked like this:
White bean dip, roasted garlic hummus, pita chips with oregano, brie and gouda cheese plate, stuffed mushrooms, deviled eggs
Chilled potato leek soup with pesto genovese, southwest squash soup with ancho cream and toasted pumpkin seeds
Roasted turkey, beef stew with herbed dumplings
Jalapeno cheddar biscuits, cornbread, apple sausage stuffing, mushroom leek stuffing, green bean casserole, braised red cabbage, spaghetti squash with cranberries, mashed potatoes, quinoa with caramelized onions and mushroom, mac n cheese, gravy
Apple pie, pumpkin cheesecake, vanilla ice cream, chocolate coconut ice cream
Take Home Snacks
Cracker jacks, peanut clusters, candied pecans, gingersnaps
Some of the recipes were from the 6 week cooking course I took at the Cambridge School of Culinary Arts in the fall. I cooked for two and a half days straight days. It was exhausting, but also so damn satisfying. It was my greatest culinary achievement to date. No regrets.
Mandatory Smiles for the Most Part
China- Yunnan Province and Shanghai
Moving on to my trip to China, the food was unremarkable, since we were on a tour group and ate rather generic plain food. The only highlights were some lamb and yak skewers at a night market and the signature dish of the Yunnan Province- Cross Bridge Noodles. It is a hot noodle sou, were you put raw, thinly sliced meats, and other toppings along with noodles into a hot bowl of broth with a layer of oil on top. When I went back to Shanghai prior to flaying back to the US, I had the best Beijing Duck (though there are probably better ones out there) in my life at a place near my aunt's apartment.
For Christmas (NJ for a little over a week), I ate a rotation of all the favorites. Dim sum, stir fried noodles, diner fare, pizza, steamed lobsters, hot pot, frozen yogurt and my mom's home cooking.
New Years
I was back in Boston for New Years and hung out at 28 degrees (cocktails, french fries) for most of the night before heading to Katie's new place (quiche, the largest shrimp cocktail I've ever seen).
I took a look back at my 2012 food resolutions, and I only managed to complete 1.5 of the 5 items I listed so here's hoping the 2013 list will be more successful.
1. Make Thomas Keller's fried chicken! (carry over from last year)
2. Make pasta or Asian noodles from scratch (carry over from last year)
3. Make key lime chiffon pie and rice pudding
4. Cook or try a new exotic meat, vegetable and fruit
5. Try sea urchin and Spam
6. Eat at Toro, Island Creek Oyster Bar and RF O'Sullivan's
7. Visit East Boston for Italian eats and 1 other ethnic cuisine
Happy New Year and be on the look out for more updates!
I hope everyone had a fun and sexy Valentine's Day. I've been single for basically forever, but for some reason, I find that I'm not usually too down as one would expect a single to be on Valentine's Day. Sure there are years when it seems that everyone is coupling up or getting a date leading up to the day, but the sliver of optimism in me seems to show itself every February 14th. Being a hopeless romantic and thinking that everything will work out for the best, I have to spin things in my favor to make the best of the holiday as I see fit. Working at an awesome company with an awesome boss and co-workers definitely helps too. In summary, there was a building party, 2 team parties, an office party, I got video conferencing to work with my boss in our Chicago office and I got to have dinner with a friend at a restaurant I've been meaning to try. This year was probably a top 3 of all time.
Last week, a friend at work decided to organize "Eat Your Feelings Day," and I agreed to make… wait for it… Red Velvet Cheesecake Brownies. In addition to that gem, someone on a team that I'm suppose to be transferring to in the near future asked if I was planning on doing anything on V-Day (like how I put together a Sweets Exchange during the holidays). Hence, "Ray Wu's Lonely Hearts Club" was added after the "Eat Your Feelings Day" celebration. We booked a conference room and brought our laptops to work while we gorged on sweets, listened to love jams and put a crackling fire up on the projector. I even stayed late at work one night to make a corny flyer.
Overall, it was a pretty big success with a steady flow of people stopping in to grab some treats. In addition to the red velvet cheesecake brownies, I made coconut macaroons with a caramel drizzle, peanut clusters, and some origami flowers for decoration. Let's just say that the commute that morning sucked, but it was all worth it.
Coconut Macaroons, Caramel and Origami Flowers
Coconut Macaroons with Caramel Drizzle
Peanut Clusters
Red Velvet Cheesecake Brownies
M&M Blondies
Devil's Food Cupcakes with Cream Cheese Frosting
So next year, if you're feeling down on Valentine's Day, just get cookin' on something delicious. And if you are a lady, ask me out on a date. Either or.
Last year we reviewed Saus, and almost a month from the one year anniversary, we got to try a bunch of the new menu items at a tasting a few days ago. Katie and I were served tasting portions of the Veggie Croquette, Sloppy Jacques, Chicken Sate Pocket and Drunk Chick Sandwich along with sides of the Apple Cabbage Slaw and Liege Potato Salad.
New Menu is Up!
Getting Excited
Tanya Rockin the Bandana and Chin Rockin a Sweet Hat
Veggie Croquette, Apple Cabbage Slaw, Liege Potato Salad (back to front)
Chicken Sate Pocket, Drunk Chick, Sloppy Jacques (front to back)
The clear winner of the group was the Veggie Croquette- crispy exterior, warm & fluffy interior and drizzled with samurai sauce. The Liege Potato Salad also got high marks from Katie and me, and it was one of the better potato salads I've had because of the smokiness from the bacon. While the Chicken Sate was ok, it played a much more important role in helping to bring in a new peanut sauce (Pindasaus), which I enjoyed with fries this weekend.
Since we only got to have tasting portions, we were still a little hungry and split a spicy Frikandel- Belgian/Dutch street food (some hybrid mix of a burger/hot dog/sausage). It was my first time having anything like it and was surprised by how much I liked it considering I was thinking it might have been similar to brats, which aren't my favorite.
Frikandel with House Pickled Jalapenos and Ole' Chipotle Sauce
We spent the remaining time snapping pictures so I will leave you with some of Katie's beautiful photography.
Renee Customer Servicing
Awards and Memorabilia // Working Those Stations
View from the Counter
The Counter //The Register
What You Do When You're Hungry Near Faneuil Hall
Hi readers. Yes it's true. I am actually suppose to contribute to this blog, and it has been over a month since my last post. Shame. Starring Michael Fassbender. A lot has happened over the last couple of weeks. I tried Burmese food, Jersey Mike's and Bobby's Burger Palace for the first time. I organized a holiday sweets exchange at the office. Four couples I know got engaged, and I accepted the role of groomsman. I ran more than 1 mile straight for the first time on my own free will since high school. I got my wisdom teeth pulled out. I poured boiling hot pasta water on my right index and middle fingers. I found out I would be moving onto a new client early this year. I made lemon chess pie, lobster rolls and rack of lamb for the first time. And lastly, I went to a tasting of new menu items at a friend's restaurant.
Mint Chocolate Chunk Cookies
Catfish Soup from Yoma
Coconut Chicken Soup
New Years Eve Hot Pot at my Sister's
Hot Pot Protein Spread
Omni Parker House Boston Cream Pie
Homemade Lobster Rolls
Rack of Lamb with Pale Dinner Roll (from scratch) and Steamed Green Beans
Pan Seared Scallops with a White Wine Sauce and Penne with Pepperjack Cream Sauce
Food wise I still find myself day dreaming about dropping everything and going to culinary school or start planning a restaurant/food venture and getting in way over my head. I took a look at my post with last year's food resolutions and got somewhat depressed about things I didn't get to accomplish. So with that, here are food resolutions for 2012.
1. Make noodles and pasta from scratch (rolled over from 2011)
2. Make dumplings and spring rolls from scratch
3. Make Buttermilk Fried Chicken from Ad Hoc at Home (also rolled over from 2011)
4. New ethnic food to try: Russian
5. Meat to try: alligator
6. Fruit to try: durian
7. Dish to eat that I surprisingly never had: eggs benedict
8. Dish to make: souffle
9. Restaurants to try: Neptune Oyster, B&G Oysters
10. Additional skills to learn: properly eating a crab, scaling and breaking down a whole fish, making legit bbq ribs on a charcoal grill
What are your food resolutions for 2012?
Turkey Time
I hope everyone had a good Thanksgiving and adjusted back to life in the grind today. I had all of week plus today off and was pretty happy with the food I consumed over the break. I got home last Monday, and my dad suggested we go to McDonald's to get some McRibs. Knowing my parents, such a request was pretty shocking. I declined, and he suggested driving up to Edison so I could try some new Chinese restaurants. The first two we tried were closed so we found ourselves in heaven H Mart. Spacious, clean, reasonably priced and delicious food court options. We got a seafood pancake, a bowl of noodle soup, and some Korean fried chicken. Then, we shopped for lobsters and abalone for a late dinner.
On Tuesday my dad got KFC for lunch. My reality is seriously taking a U-turn. Maybe it was a little Thanksgiving warm up? The mashed potatoes and chicken were as I remembered, but the biscuits weren't as big or fluffy. Recipe change? Sad face.
On Wednesday, the cooking began after some take out Chinese for lunch. I got started on baking treats for in house snacking, friends and neighbors. First up were Chocolate Chunk Cookies based off Tollhouse Cookies without the walnuts and chunks instead of chips. Next were the office favorite, Cookies n Cream Cupcakes, which friends also enjoyed However, they didn't get them until 2-3 days after so they dried out a bit in the fridge. Finally, Thanksgiving desserts included Pumpkin Cheesecake and Apple Pie.
Chocolate Chunk Cookies
Pumpkin Cheesecake
The big day included waffles for brunch with a blackberry topping and fresh blackberries and bananas.
Thanksgiving Brunch
For the big meal, we had a 12 lbs. turkey brined and rubbed with sage, kosher salt and a little rosemary along with a half lemon and cinnamon stick in the cavity. Gravy was made using a roux, chicken stock and soy sauce. This was the most successful gravy I've made to date in terms of universal appeal, color, texture and taste. I did feel guilty about cutting out the pan drippings, since I had so much to do. Green bean casserole, dressing, sage and rosemary biscuits, sweet potato mash and spaghetti squash with cranberries rounded out the meal. The green bean casserole was the first time I made it completely from scratch, and while it looked sexy, the fried onions still didn't measure up to French's. The dressing was still inferior to Stove Top, but I'm still confident that someday I will have a recipe that will be better. The spaghetti squash was a new addition this year and was inspired by a meal at Oceanarie the week before Thanksgiving. The strands from the squash are pretty cool. When my dad asked if I cut the squash into the strands, I was pretty tempted to say yes. Overall, my dad said it was the best Thanksgiving meal to date that I've made, so my constant need for approval was satisfied for the time being.
Sage and Rosemary Biscuits
Spaghetti Squash with Cranberries
Green Bean Casserole
The Spread
Coma on a Plate
On Friday night, I met up with a few friends for burgers at 25 Burgers and had a Bull's Eye Burger with sweet potato fries. The burger itself was pretty messy and greasy, but it's the best burger within a 15 minute drive from my house. The onion strings and patty were the highlights, while the bun was lacking. The fries were decent, but the portion was rather small. Overall the burger, fries, and drink were a little over $12.
BBQ Burgers Don't Know How to Disappoint
The next day, I ate at Shanghai Bun and got some sauteed pork and vegetables with Shanghai noodles, and my friend got chicken and mustard green soup. For dinner, I hung out with a few of my sister's friends and went to the Olive Garden for the first time. The place was pretty empty when we arrived, but was packed by the time we left. I was definitely surprised with the decor and ambiance, since I always though the commercials were so corny. However, the prices were also higher than I imagined. I was thinking most entrees would be $8-15, but the range was more like $12-$20. The seating was interesting, with wheels on all four legs sliding in every direction. The bread sticks were on the salty side, but you can't go wrong with unlimited warm bread. For my entree, I got braised short ribs. I'm not 100% confident that it didn't come out of a bag, but the tenderness of the meat was still enjoyable. Overall, the meal was better than I expected, but at $28 with tax and tip, I'd rather spend my dining out money elsewhere.
If Only Plate of Food Grew on Trees
Healthy Can Taste Good
The Most Perfectly Shaped Breadsticks I've Ever Seen in my Life
Braised Short Ribs