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Have you ever purchased from PartSelect.com before?
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PartSelect Number PS2340820
This part works with the following brands: Whirlpool, Admiral, Estate, Inglis, Kenmore, KitchenAid, Roper, Maytag, Crosley, Jenn-Air, Hardwick, Magic Chef, Amana, Caloric & Glenwood.
first i removed the 2 holding screws fron the underside of the counter then oulled the dishwasher out about a foot. i then removed the side panel that hold the front plate in plase on the right, below this were the screws that held the door hinge assembly on the right. i then proceeded to remove those bolts. and replaced with the new one. replacing the spring and the linkage came next no tools required. i have to say that the diagram when i ordered helped emensly. i am a 45 yr old woman and fixed it by nyself thanks to your ordering diagrams. life is good!!
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I read this book about a month ago which was referred to me from one of my coaching clients. I was reluctant to read it at first but one day I picked it up and read it in one afternoon. It was simply intoxicating and captive. I don't really want to tell you about this book if you haven't read it yet. I will say that if you're looking for a feel good, inspirational, that will bring tears to your eyes ,that makes you sit up and notice how blessed we are books. Then read this book! There's good that comes from the bad, sad, unfortunate things that sometimes happens to all of us! This book is titled "The Shack" by William P. Young. I recommend this book to anyone that's going through a difficult transition in their life! a message for the masses. have you read this book? If so,what's resonates for you?
- Location:
- District of Columbia
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Keller Williams-Lake Norman Mooresville,NC - Mooresville, NC
I will put this on my list. I love inspiration books. I'm a big fan of Joel Osteen's books. I buy them and read them as soon as they come out. I read them over and over. I also read from them to my daughters from time to time. Doesn't the Bible say that God can take what is meant for bad in your life and turn into something great. He has done this many times in my life.
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subset: commoncrawl


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About Us
About Us Overview
Trailer Bridge Advantage
Cargo Shipping
Vehicle Shipping
Vessel Charters
TB Logistics
Shipping Info
Trade Notifications
Website Signon Request
Job Opportunities
Request a Rate Quote
Request for Equipment
Request a Bill-of-Lading
Questions or Comments
Payment Options
EDI Initiatives
Contact Us
Sailing Schedule
Book Now
Our Services
Cargo Transport
Vehicle Shipping
Vessel Charters
Latest News
Voyage Schedule Update 1/12/17
Read More »
Notice of Redemption
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Vessel Operations Schedule
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Customer Service Representatives
Pam Varnado
is a veteran of Trailer Bridge and has been providing exceptional customer service for over 20 years. She has worked the gamut of customer's large and small, offering them all the same level of professionalism. She prides herself on the ability to build strong customer relationships and combines her knowledge and experience in the trade to deliver the best service to and from Puerto Rico and the Dominican Republic. Pam has a B.A. in Business Administration and in her free time she enjoys spending time with her husband and 9 year old son, and is also enamored with Interior Design.
Alicia Gamez
has been with Trailer Bridge Customer Service team for over 15 years. She began her Transportation career after graduating from Florida State College of Jacksonville with an associate Degree in Communications in 1997. Alicia prides herself in providing our customers with an excellent level of service. She believes the key to great customer service is "getting to know our customers". Alicia feels it is very important to identify and anticipate customer needs in order to provide quick cost effective solutions and open communication. Ms. Gamez is happiest when knowing she contributed to her customer's success. When she is not working Alicia spends her time writing, scrapbooking and spending time with her children and grandchildren.
SaBrina Richard
is a Customer Service and Business Development professional with 20 + years in the Transportation Industry. She is an extraordinarily passionate about her work. Sabrina prides herself on delivering results and tackling tough assignments. Sabrina's energy, passion and foresight are demonstrated by her commitment and dedication to her customer needs. She excels in strategic thinking, and is highly dependable, a true team player. She's professional in all her interactions and respects to the people she works with, she is not afraid of change – she sees it as an opportunity to learn and contribute to the greater good of the company. "Customers are my passion", says Mrs. Richards, "making them believe in me and Trailer Bridge is my business". Employed with Trailer Bridge since 2006, Mother of 5 great kids and Married to the love of her life.
Sonia Pino
is a Native New Yorker. Her first job after high school was with a large Ocean Carrier. She worked in many different areas including as receptionist, in documentation then as a booking agent. After moving to Florida she continued working in the industry and doing what she does best - Customer Service. Sonia's has over 15 years of experience in the industry and her passion is to keep customers happy and satisfied. When not at work Sonia loves running, volley ball, fishing, music and attending great BBQ's. She is also a big fan of gardening and being on the Beach.
Anne O'Donnell
is a graduate of Jacksonville University and has 31 years experience in the Transportation Industry. A 22 veteran with Trailer Bridge Anne has held management positions in Sales and Customer Service. Her talents lie in meeting and/or exceeding customer needs, and developing a win-win relationship with her customers. She offers to the Customer Service group her years of experience in both domestic and the international transportation, and guiding reps to provide excellent customer service. She enjoys reading, needlework and watching movies.
Amanda Lucas
started with Trailer Bridge in October 2013. She brings with her over 17 years experience in transportation and logistics; with prior roles in Customer Service, Risk Management, Inside Sales, Pricing and Truck Ops for both NVOCC and marine transportation providers. Amanda graduated from AIU with a degree in Business Management. She loves to travel, take lots of photographs and paint in her spare time.


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Terror outfit Lashkar-e-Taiba used the code word 'Ahmad Wala Kaam' to supply arms that fuelled the Pampore terror attack in Kashmir last week.
According to intelligence reports, the terrorists that entered India between 15-20 June
from Pakistan occupied Kashmir (PoK) with clear instructions to target security forces, used the code word to supply arms.
The security agencies believe that a control room consisting of 15-20 men from LeT,
ISI, Pakistan Army and software experts was setup in PoK to help the militants infiltrate the border.
Further, these terrorists were being provided local support by the surrendered terrorist Ruhul Amin Dhar, who dropped these terrorists at the attacking point in Pampore, while LeT commander for south Kashmir Abu Dujana arranged the logistics.
The agencies now suspect that LeT chief Hafiz Saeed's son-in-law Khalid Waleed masterminded the attack that killed eight CRPF jawans and injured 22 others.
The 48-hour long gunfight between a group of heavily-armed guerrillas and security forces had started on Saturday when the militants attacked a Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF) bus at Sempora (Pampore) on the Srinagar-Jammu national highway.
The gunfight ended on Monday evening with security forces killing three guerrillas hiding in the JKEDI complex.
For all the latest news and updates from India and across the globe, follow us on @NewsWorldIN on Twitter and News World India on Facebook


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Welcome to the Play Mile High Volleyball League!
Our volleyball leagues are all social and a great way to stay active while playing volleyball and meeting new people. Our leagues are typically played 6 vs 6 Coed. Our leagues are all "social" so if your a competitive player, we can help you find some more competitive leagues in the area but these leagues won't be a good fit for you.
We suggest teams range in size from 10-14 players but you must have at least 9 players on your team.
Upcoming Leagues
League Rules
Schedule & Standings
League Overview
Upcoming Leagues
Play Mile High Volleyball
- 9 to 15 players will make up a final team.
- Teams must have 2 females on the court at a time.
- Games will be played with rally scoring, best of 3 (21-21-15)
All teams make the playoffs at the end of the season (unless you forfeit 2x)
All small groups (2-8 players) & free agents will be merged after registration closes.
How to Sign Up
- Minimum players for a full volleyball team is 9. If you do not meet this minimum your team will be merged with free agents.
- A Captain must create a team and all the team members must "join" the team. The Captain can pay for everyone or you can split up the fee's among team members.
- Yes! You can sign up together even if you do not have a full team!
- Have Captain "create team" & Note Estimated Players
- Teammates Join "team" (Before signup deadline)
- Once Registration is closed we will merge you with other small groups and free-agents
- Signing up as a solo player is the best way to meet people in Denver!
- We will place you with a small group and/or other free agents to form a full team after the registration closes.
- If you have a friend that decides to sign up just have them note to be put on the same team as you!
- Email email@example.com with sport & location preference, team size & the company you work for/are signing up
- Save Money! Pay for entire team with a corporate rate.
- Click here to learn more about Corporate Teams
- Click here to learn more about Alumni Teams
Volleyball Details
Player Perks
- Super sweet Play Mile High League T-Shirt in team specific color.
- Food and Drink Specials for all players at league sponsor bar
- End of Season FREE Beer Party for all league participants
- Inclusion in Play Mile High special events and activities.
Sponsor Bar
Click on the registration links to see which location each league goes to. You'll get to meet and party with players from many of our other sports leagues as well so get ready to meet tons of people every week!
For assistance and inquiries about scheduling, rules, and officiating, contact us at email@example.com!
To learn more about Play Mile High, read About Us or our Frequently Asked Questions.


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Recently Visited Pages
Take advantage of this at-a-glance look at the pages on the SCC website you most often visit. Use this as a tool to navigate quickly to info you need the most. Take it one step further and click the star in the top right corner to ensure your favorite pages remain on your list of Visited Pages.
Are you one of the 90,000+ people who have taken at least one credit hour at SCC? Then you're part of a distinct group – a group who defined success for themselves, and worked hard to reach it. Success isn't defined by just earning a degree at SCC. As an alum, you know that better than anyone.
Learn more about success stories at SCC.
Learn more about success stories at SCC.
Getting Involved With SCC
Through donations, volunteering or just staying connected, find out how you can get involved at SCC once your time as a student has ended. See how you can get involved.
Grades, Transcripts and Academic Records
Just because your time at SCC has come to an end doesn't mean your education has. Nothing makes us happier than a student continuing to learn. Find out how to obtain your records for your next step.
Learn More »
Workforce Training
Learning doesn't stop once you start working. With the right employer, the learning never stops. We offer business, industry, and customized training programs to help employees on the job.
Learn More »
Campus Events
SCC's offering aren't just for the students. Find out what events you can get involved in as an alumnus. You'll be surprised by the offerings!
Learn More »
Once a Cougar ... Always a Cougar
Distinguished Alumni Award
Have you become a leader in your profession? Have you given back to the community? These are key factors for recipients of our Distinguished Alumni Award. We're always accepting nominations. And learn more about past winners … maybe you'll run into an old classmate.


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Home > Software > Soul Reaver PC Texture Utility
Soul Reaver PC Texture Utility
This is one utility with a self-explanatory name. It allows the export (either individually or all at once) of all of the texture maps used in the PC version of Soul Reaver. It can also import PNG files of the same size as a Soul Reaver texture map and use them to replace existing maps, which allows for limited customization of the game.
There are some very helpful troubleshooting instructions in the readme file that is included.
There is some interesting material hidden in the file, including a lot of mauled and bleeding corpses that do not appear in the Silenced Cathedral, and the full complement of symbols from all parts of the game.
Tou-ou Nightmare discovered that the Utility works on the Fire Glyph demo for the PC as well, although it has only a fraction of the textures present in the full version.
Like all of the software I've written, this application requires at least version 2.0 of the .NET Framework, which is available from Windows Update or the Microsoft website.
For those with an interest in writing their own software, the source code for this application is available in the Source Code Collections article.
Download | ||||
File | Size | Version | Release Date | Author |
Soul Reaver PC Texture Utility | 83 KiB | 2.3 | 2012-02-18 | Ben Lincoln |
Download | ||||
File | Size | Version | Release Date | Author |
Soul Reaver PC Texture Utility | 84 KiB | 2.2 | 2006-08-20 | Ben Lincoln |


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Saturday, December 29, 2007
Virtual Guitar Chordbook
Oh my goodness. Check out this virtual guitar chordbook. Yes, I am easily impressed. What of it? What this means is that now I can listen to chords I can't quite stretch to master yet want to know what I'm striving toward. At a certain point, music theory makes my eyeballs cross as someone tries to explain diminished or augmented chords. Aiee.
5 comments:
- HipWriterMama said...
Oh, this is cool. Eldest daughter LOVED her mermaid guitar. One of these days I'll get a picture up on it. It is beautiful. Thanks so much for your advice on this one.
- December 29, 2007 7:37 AM
- Alkelda the Gleeful said...
HWM: I'm glad the Luna guitar was a hit! You're very welcome. Here's to grrrls and their guitars.
- December 29, 2007 10:12 AM
- Robin Brande said...
This isn't about that, but I just wanted to stop by and wish you a wonderful 2008!
- December 30, 2007 10:11 AM
- Alkelda the Gleeful said...
Thanks, Robin! Happy New Year to you.
- December 30, 2007 10:50 PM
- zoey said...
Even if I had not already known about this, I am delighted to find something like this. I love virtual reality, and this guitar is the perfect opportunity to try some out. Good luck in the future!
- June 10, 2008 5:47 PM
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Your password reset has been submitted to the address provided.
Design plus words, letters, and/or numbers
Entertainment services, namely, providing on-line computer games; Electronic game services provided via internet; Entertainment service, namely, providing non-downloadable video game and computer game software accessed and played via mobile and cellular phones and other wireless devices


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Have you ever purchased from PartSelect.com before?
Thank you for helping make our site better.
PartSelect Number PS11739041
This part strips ice from the icemaker mold during the ejection cycle to prevent ice pieces from falling back into the mold.
This part works with the following brands: Whirlpool, Admiral, Estate, Inglis, Kenmore, KitchenAid, Roper, Maytag, Crosley, Jenn-Air, Hardwick, Magic Chef, Amana, Caloric & Glenwood.
This part fixes the following symptoms:
I unplugged the fridge. Loosened the 2 top screws on the ice maker and removed the lower screw. I disconnected the wiring harness and removed the Ice maker. I removed the plastic timer cover in front. I then loosened the screws on the face of the ice maker and removed the broken ice stripper and replaced it with a new one. Re-tightened the screws on the face, installed the timer cover, plugged in the wiring harness, re-attached the ice maker. Plugged the fridge back in and walla, it was making ice in 30 minutes!
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There was three screws to remove to unmout the ice maker, and unplug the wire harness,then two to remove to slip in new stripper. All took about 20 mins.
Had to remove the ice-maker (also easier than trying to work inside the freezer letting all the cold air out). A few mounting screws and an electrical connection in the back. After it was out you will need to remove the cover (not the superficial cover that just pries off) where the gear is behind it, just far enough so you can get the mounting tabs on the ice-stripper in. In order to to move this cover out, after removing the screws (the obvious), you'll need needle nose pliers to ever so slightly squeeze the plastic clips together that hold the plastic movable bracket and the metal ice level arm/switch, so it will pop out. Once you have room to put the ice stripper in, it should just all snap back together, then proceed in reverse to put it all back together.


text: ATLANTA, Nov. 14, 2016 /PRNewswire/ -- Genuine Parts Company (NYSE: GPC) announced today that its Board of Directors declared a regular quarterly cash dividend of sixty-five and three-quarters cents ($0.6575) per share on the Company's common stock. The dividend is payable January 3, 2017 to shareholders of record December 9, 2016. About Genuine Parts Company Genuine Parts Company is a distributor of automotive replacement parts in the U.S., Canada, Mexico and Australasia. The Company also distributes industrial replacement parts in the U.S., Canada and Mexico through its Motion Industries subsidiary. S. P. Richards Company, the Office Products Group, distributes business products in the U.S. and Canada. The Electrical/Electronic Group, EIS, Inc., distributes electrical and electronic components throughout the U.S., Canada and Mexico. Genuine Parts Company had 2015 revenues of $15.3 billion. Logo - http://photos.prnewswire.com/prnh/20081002/CLTH108LOGO To view the original version on PR Newswire, visit: http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/genuine-parts-company-declares-regular-quarterly-dividend-300362292.html SOURCE Genuine Parts Company


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Definition of octogenarians
plural of octogenarian 1
The word "octogenarians" uses 13 letters: A A C E G I N N O O R S T.
No direct anagrams for octogenarians found in this word list.
Adding one letter to octogenarians does not form any other word in this word list.
Words within octogenarians not shown as it has more than seven letters.List all words starting with octogenarians, words containing octogenarians or words ending with octogenarians
All words formed from octogenarians by changing one letter
Other words with the same letter pairs: oc ct to og ge en na ar ri ia an ns
Browse words starting with octogenarians by next letter
Previous word in list: octogenarian
Next word in list: octonaries
Some random words: mm bub buff ukulele ikebana inept guacamole
This is not a dictionary, it's a word game wordfinder.
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- Critic score
- Publication
- By date
Dec 7, 2011Nothing stays as it seems for long, but the dense ethereality they've created with Narrows definitely leaves a lasting presence on even passing listeners.
Dec 7, 2011Adjusting things just enough between tracks that they stay engaging without ever jarring the listener out of their cocoon of atmosphere, while deftly splitting the difference between the passiveness of purely ambient music and the active intellectualization required to fully absorb the skittering glitches of IDM.
Dec 7, 2011Narrows, while no masterpiece or game-changer, is a very impressive debut, one that regardless of what new subgenres it is labeled with will stand on its own as a fine piece of musical art.
Under The RadarDec 13, 2011Narrows is an auspicious opening salvo from Brooklyn's Warm Ghost. [Oct 2011, p.108]
Dec 7, 2011The sounds sometimes crash and collide rather than meld together, whereas elsewhere, paradoxically, they slide off the ear, a little over-anonymous yet falling short of the unique grey palette of an act like Japan.


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Lot 2368: Charles X. Carlson (American 1902-1991)
Lot 2368: Charles X. Carlson (American 1902-1991), ink and scratch board landscape, titled William Henry Gun Shop, signed lower left and on right mat, 10 1/4'' x 13 1/2''. Provenance: The Estate of Mark and Joan Eaby, Brownstown, Pennsylvania.
Pook & Pook's Americana Auction December 2015
Wednesday, 9th December 2015
Estimate: $100-200
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text: The Autism Community Treatments (ACT) Lab in MSU's Department of Psychology is seeking a full-time laboratory research assistant for one year, with the likelihood of a longer appointment based on performance. The laboratory research assistant will be responsible for maintaining the daily ongoing infrastructure of the laboratory, as well as contribute to research being conducted by graduate students and faculty. The research conducted through the ACT Lab research spans from intervention development of community based mental and behavioral health services and finally to the dissemenation and implementation of established evidence-based practices for individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and their families. The overall goal of the ACT Lab is to improve the lives of individuals with mental and behavioral health needs, especially individuals with ASD, by building up agencies that provide cmmunity-based services, improving access to care, and developing interventions and service systems to meet needs through collaboration with researchers, practitioners and innovators. The position will begin as early as March 1, 2017 and include a competitive salary and benefits. To apply for position please go to jobs.msu.edu


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I'm hoping the Bronco's and the Falcon's. The have the best stats so far. Who do you want to go?
Alabama? I'm joking, but Roll Tide.I'd like the Ravens to make it. That would be a worthy way for Ray Lewis to go out in my opinion. The Falcons would be great, too. I love watching their offense ( Julioooooo).
I want the Colts or the Bengals to go. That Andrew Luck is sure catching my eye.
seahawks and broncos
I want Seahawks and Ravens. I think it would be a true defensive battle and it would be a great way to go for Ray Lewis.
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PKP Bugzilla – Dependency tree for Bug 7406 |
Fix OJS 2.1.1 upgrade issue |
We are moving to Git Issues for bug tracking in future releases. During transition, content will be in both tools. If you'd like to file a new bug, please create an issue.
Max Depth: |
Max Depth: |


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Pacov Flights as Low as $1,221.96
" ORD Chicago to BRQ Brno $1,221.96 "
" LAX Los Angeles to BRQ Brno $1,904.56 "
" STL St. Louis to BRQ Brno $2,316.46 "
" JFK New York to BRQ Brno $3,262.36 "
" BOS Boston to BRQ Brno $3,486.86 "
Save more. Do more.
We help you get the most out of your visit to Pacov with savings on hotels and car rentals. Explore your hotel options and get an unforgettable experience at a great price. Our hotel deals put 4- and 5-star hotels within your budget. See even more of Czech Republic with a rental car. Snag up a car rental and turn your visit into a Vysocina adventure! Unlock extra spending cash with a package deal that saves you even more.


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the possible adventures of Lemmo & Arico?!
that's dumb.
So does the background in this blank world constantly shift colors for Aric and Lemmo or just for us?
I've wondered that too. From what we've seen of the universe, it pretty has to be for our benefit rather than the universe itself random changing colours.
That said, I wouldn't put it past Aric and Lemmo to have some kind of meaning or, even, a pattern behind it.
Actually, the main thing Ive been wondering is if its a blank world… Whats causing the shadows? There must be some light source that we cant see.
What i am wondering is; why do the speech bubbles have shadow to them?
That was strictly a style decision on my behalf. I wanted them "off" the artwork.
socksbot likes thrid person third person FTW
Random names randoms stuff makes perfect sence
This wordplay banter always makes me chuckle. So well composed.
so Lemmo always did have the superb naming ability
I just realized that Lemmo is trying to make the letter A with his one remaining hand.
every time I've read this strip I thought for a second that Lemmo just has his hand in his shirt pocket. And then I remember he has neither hand nor shirt pocket.


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Lightweight 80GSM custom tote bag is sized to take on everyday essentials and holds up to heavy use because the seams are designed for added strength.
Water resistant and roomy, these flat custom tote bags have reinforced stitching to carry more.
This eco-friendly non-woven polypropylene logo drawstring backpack brings tremendous value to your promotion.
100GSM Jumbo grocery custom tote bags are heavyweight and designed to replace your disposable paper and plastic shopping bags.
Every time you use this promotional stadium cup your logo, school, or marketing message will get exposure!
Reusable jumbo sized grocery custom tote bags that are perfect for everyday grocery shopping.
A durable resort promo tote bag with a dash of color will be the perfect handout to your clients.
A BPA free promotional tumbler that will look chic and fashionable in any automotive drink holder.
These lightweight non-woven custom grocery bags are perfect for quick and convenient shopping.
Promotional notebook is an eco-responsible product making it a friendly giveaway.
Made of 100% natural cotton canvas, this 8 oz. imprinted tote bag is perfect for everyday use.
A recycled paper barrel custom pen & highlighter combo that can be easily your best eco-friendly giveaway!
Our resuable, imprinted shopping totes are stronger and now features more imprint locations like on the handles and sides!
This Promotional duffle bag is perfect for weekend travel or trips to the gym!
These custom tote bags are made of recycled materials and can be easily folded up in a zip.
Get your brand noticed with this custom briefcase!
An eco-friendly custom notebook and features a recycled cover and 30 ruled line pages.
Made of durable and eco friendly material, these custom tote bags can be used for a wide range of promotions!
Shopping Promo Tote Bag is designed to replace your disposable paper and plastic shopping bags and folds down to fit in your pocket.
A custom bag is lightweight and inexpensive which makes it great for schools, stores, trade shows and events!
Jumbo reusable logo tote bags made of 100% non-woven polypropylene with two side gusset pockets and a Velcro closure
These durable and long lasting printed tote bags are designed to replace your disposable bags.
Everytime you use this promotional stadium cup your logo, school, or marketing message will get exposure!
Add a pop of color to your giveaways with promotional sunglasses featuring two-tone colored frames.
Promo business card holder made of 100% recycled leather and holds up to 72 cards.
Hard-cover recycled junior size promotional pen gift set includes a custom notebook with unique dot design and a recycled paper pen.
Convenient business card holder of self-adhesive Custom Sticky Notes with Logo Flags
These reflective grocery custom tote bags are heavyweight and designed to replace your disposable paper and plastic shopping bags and keep you noticed when shopping at night.
An eco-friendly custom jute tote to help get your retail shopping done in style.
A flexible neoprene covered promotional flexi-bottle that is collapsible and foldable for easy storage.
A flexible neoprene covered promotional flexi-bottle that is collapsible and foldable for easy storage.
The solar panel of this promotional flashlight extends the life of the battery and reduces waste.
BPA-free and 100% biodegradable plastic promotional water bottle with volume markers on the side.
These imprinted tote bags are a reusable and eco-friendly way to go grocery shopping while showing off your logo.
A non-woven promotional tote is a great economical gift - durable and eco friendly!
Popular promo BIC custom pen now made with 76% pre-consumer recycled material.
ePromos is proud to present a great selection of environmentally friendly promotional items. Our eco-friendly promotional products collection features recycled, biodegradable and organic items as well as hand-powered electronics. If you are searching for an ecologically friendly promotional solution, look no further!


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Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs)
Category Archives: osde
cpu comparisons from @cpuboss, @cpu-world and @specout
cpu comparisons from @cpuboss, @cpu-world and @specout
- http://cpuboss.com/cpus/Intel-Core-i5-540M-vs-Intel-Core-i5-2520M
- http://www.cpu-world.com/Compare/429/Intel_Core_i5_Mobile_i5-2520M_(PGA)_vs_Intel_Core_i5_Mobile_i5-540M_(BGA).html
- http://processors.specout.com/compare/21-31/Intel-Core-i5-2520M-vs-Intel-Core-i5-540M
last weekends @osm @mapillary photo mapping in #bournemouth and #boscombe
last weekends @osm @mapillary photo mapping in #bournemouth and #boscombe
the power of opensource (eg android opencamera app)
maybe you have been enjoying using the opensource android opencamera app
maybe you love the fixed infinite focus feature and maybe youre thinking i would like another new feature like "auto untilt" !
well thats the power of opensource you can ADD any feature you want yourself just get the free libre open source code, learn java and android mobdev and away you go
PS BUT google first as you may find its already been written and it turns out that "auto untilt" already exists -albeit with the wrong name
100 android smartphones under £150
100 android smartphones under £150
yandex shows us how ALL customer service should be done – by giving a 2000% upgrade #howitshouldbedone
yandex disk shows us how ALL customer service should be done – by giving a 2000% refund / upgrade
An email received from Yandex Customer Support last year :
You have received this message because you use our program,
Yandex.Disk for Windows, and have recently updated it.
Unfortunately, an error was made in one of the latest versions that may,
in rare cases, lead to the crash of your computer's operating system.
For this reason, we ask you to make sure that you have installed a stable version
of the program on your computer: versions 1.1.8 and later.
We apologize if the program has caused you any problems. It is very important for us
that we keep your trust. That's why we have completely reviewed the process of
developing and testing our projects in order to avoid such errors in the future.
In order to make up for this error, we have increased the space available to you on
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dicyclomine (generic name)It is used to treat bowel problems including irritable bowel syndrome.
(dye SYE kloe meen)
Table of Contents
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(Recursos en Español)
What is this medicine?DICYCLOMINE (dye SYE kloe meen) is used to treat bowel problems including irritable bowel syndrome.What should I tell my health care provider before I take this medicine?They need to know if you have any of these conditions:
How should I use this medicine?Take this medicine by mouth. Follow the directions on the prescription label. Shake well before using. Use a specially marked spoon or container to measure your medicine, Ask your pharmacist if you do not have one. Household spoons are not accurate. It is best to take this medicine on an empty stomach, 30 minutes to 1 hour before meals. Take your medicine at regular intervals. Do not take your medicine more often than directed.Talk to your pediatrician regarding the use of this medicine in children. Special care may be needed. While this drug may be prescribed for children as young as 6 months of age for selected conditions, precautions do apply. Patients over 65 years old may have a stronger reaction and need a smaller dose. What if I miss a dose?If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you can. If it is almost time for your next dose, take only that dose. Do not take double or extra doses.What may interact with this medicine?
What should I watch for while using this medicine?You may get drowsy, dizzy, or have blurred vision. Do not drive, use machinery, or do anything that needs mental alertness until you know how this medicine affects you. To reduce the risk of dizzy or fainting spells, do not sit or stand up quickly, especially if you are an older patient. Alcohol can make you more drowsy, avoid alcoholic drinks.Stay out of bright light and wear sunglasses if this medicine makes your eyes more sensitive to light. Avoid extreme heat (hot tubs, saunas). This medicine can cause you to sweat less than normal. Your body temperature could increase to dangerous levels, which may lead to heat stroke. Antacids can stop this medicine from working. If you get an upset stomach and want to take an antacid, make sure there is an interval of at least 1 to 2 hours before or after you take this medicine. Your mouth may get dry. Chewing sugarless gum or sucking hard candy, and drinking plenty of water may help. Contact your doctor if the problem does not go away or is severe. What side effects may I notice from receiving this medicine?Side effects that you should report to your doctor or health care professional as soon as possible:
Side effects that usually do not require medical attention (report to your doctor or health care professional if they continue or are bothersome):


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Wood Ladders. Available Heights: 8′, 10′, 12′, 14′, 16′, 18′, 20′ Load Capacity: Type I 250 lbs. Our two warehouses are a combined 100,000 square foot (65,000 Madison Heights, MI) (35,000 Grand Rapids, MI) of covered storage, filled with the inventory you are looking for. Find great deals on eBay for 8 ft Ladder in Industrial Ladders, Scaffold, and Platforms. Shop with confidence. 8 foot tall Wooden Ladder, very sturdy and structurally sound. Werner 8-ft Fiberglass 300-lbs Type IA Step LadderWerner 8-ft Fiberglass 300-lbs Type IA Step Ladder. Submit.
Wooden ladders meet everyone's standard for unique, vintage home decor. Explore our many customer projects and ideas to find your classic look today. HUGE SALE Hand Painted Primitive Small TEAL Wood Ladder Home Decor 8-1/2. Fakro 66829 LWF Wooden Fire Rated Attic Ladder, 300Lbs. 658.92.
8 ft. – 10 ft., 22.5 in. x 54 in. Wood Universal Fit Attic Ladder with 250 Maximum Load Capacity. I am female with smaller feet than a male and felt I was hanging on by my toes. The oldest and most familiar ladder is one made of wood. When shopping for a folding ladder, remember that 8-foot ladders are too tall for 8-foot ceilings. In the United States, wood ladders are usually made of clear southern Yellow Pine. Sizes of 2-section ladders begin at 16 feet (2 sections each 8 feet long) and progress in 4-foot increments to 48 feet.
Unusual Wood Ladders
6-Ft., Wood, Type III Step Ladder, Strong Southern Yellow Pine Construction, Wrap Around Top Irons, Metal To Metal Hinge For Strength & Durability, Heavy Duty Angle Bracing, 200 -Lb. 8-Ft. Fiberglass Type IA Tripod Step Ladder 300-Lb. Duty Rating. Find out how to make a wooden ladder in this article from HowStuffWorks. We can extend the step ladder from 8 feet to 12 feet, and we can do the same with the separate straight ladders. Attach the cap by drilling pilot holes and installing long wood screws to keep the cap in place, also shown in the figure. Use the height chart to determine which ladder is best for you. This is especially important for people who are 5'3 to 5'8, and who are quite a bit over 6 feet. Anyway, San Francisco FD is still making their ladders from wood, the same way they were made back in the day. Sean Wisner November 12th, 2010 8:09 pm. Werner Stepladders are the most popular of all ladder styles. They are available in several styles: single side, platform, twin, A-frame, tripod, and trestle.
Werner 8 Ft
Shop for 3 leg wood ladder from Platt Electric Supply. Lynn Ladder and Scaffolding Company, Inc. offers quality ladders, scaffolding and much more for the professional. FL308, 8 ft. Rolling Work Platform – Rolling work platform for use in telephone central offices where frame heights are less than 8 feet. Wood: Economical and stable, though longer straight ladders can flex. Wood is nonconductive when clean and dry, but it is very heavy.


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Get an overview of this hotelHotel in Harpers Ferry with free breakfast and bar/lounge
Situated in Harpers Ferry, this hotel is within a 10-minute walk of Appalachian Trail Conservancy Headquarters, Vivo Day Spa, and John Brown Museum. Storer College Building and John Brown Wax Museum are also within 15 minutes.
Hotel Features
A bar/lounge, coffee/tea in a common area, and a meeting room are available at this hotel. Free continental breakfast, free WiFi in public areas, and free self parking are also provided. Other amenities include laundry facilities, a computer station, and a picnic area.
Room Amenities
All 49 rooms provide conveniences like washers/dryers and refrigerators, plus free WiFi and flat-screen TVs with satellite channels. Microwaves, coffee makers, and free local calls are among the other amenities available to guests.
Information missing or incorrect? Tell us!Opens in a new windowEcono Lodge
Hotel Amenities
A bar/lounge is on site where guests can unwind with a drink. A complimentary breakfast is offered each morning. A computer station is located on site and high-speed wireless Internet access is complimentary.
Event facilities measuring 295 square feet (27 square meters) include a meeting room. This business-friendly hotel also offers a picnic area, coffee/tea in a common area, and laundry facilities. Onsite self parking is complimentary.
- Number of floors - 2
- Number of buildings/towers - 1
- Laundry facilities
- Computer station
- Year Built 1986
- Conference space size (feet) - 295
- Conference space size (meters) - 27
- One meeting room
- Picnic area
- Total number of rooms - 49
- Bar/lounge
- Coffee/tea in common areas
- Free breakfast
- Free WiFi
- RV, bus, truck parking
- Safe-deposit box at front desk
- Free self parking
Family Friendly Amenities
- Family Hotel
- Free Wi-Fi
- Laundry facilities
- Washer/dryer
- Refrigerator
- Microwave
- Cribs/infant beds (complimentary)
Available in all rooms: Free WiFi
Available in some public areas: Free WiFi
Free self parking, RV, bus, truck parking
Room Amenities
- Connecting/adjoining rooms available
- Blackout drapes/curtains
- Shower/tub combination
- Coffee/tea maker
- Daily housekeeping
- Free local calls
- Private bathroom
- Free toiletries
- Iron/ironing board
- Washer/dryer
- Premium TV channels
- Air conditioning
- In-room climate control (air conditioning)
- Refrigerator
- Microwave
- Hair dryer
- Desk
- Satellite TV service
- Flat-panel TV
- Free WiFi
- Free cribs/infant beds
- Rollaway/extra beds (surcharge)
Where to Eat
Guests are offered a complimentary continental breakfast each morning.
If you have requests for specific accessibility needs, please note them at check-out when you book your room.
- Accessible bathroom
- Roll-in shower
- In-room accessibility
Hotel Policies
Minimum check-in age is 18
Check-in time ends at 3 AM
Check-in time starts at 3 PM
Check-out time is 11 AM
Payment types
Children and extra beds
- Children are welcome.
- Kids stay free! Children 18 years old and younger stay free when using existing bedding.
- Rollaway/extra beds are available for USD 10 per night.
- Free cribs (infant beds)!
- Pets not allowed
You need to know
Extra-person charges may apply and vary depending on property policy.
Government-issued photo identification and a credit card or cash deposit are required at check-in for incidental charges.
Special requests are subject to availability upon check-in and may incur additional charges. Special requests cannot be guaranteed.
Noise-free rooms not guaranteed
Optional extras
- Rollaway bed fee: USD 10 per night
Hotel Name
- Econo Lodge Harpers Ferry
- Econo Lodge Hotel Harpers Ferry
We should mention
Children 18 years old and younger stay free when occupying the parent or guardian's room, using existing bedding. The property has connecting/adjoining rooms, which are subject to availability and can be requested by contacting the property using the number on the booking confirmation.


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G&L Tribute ASAT Deluxe Carved Top Electric Guitar Transparent Red Rosewood Fretboard
Product #H88845 G&L H88845 AAG Solid Body Electric Guitars https://www.esnapw.com/rses/ESnapServlet?MerchantNumberSent=63655- Write a Review
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Gorgeous tonewoods, bolt-on maple neck and G&L pickups.
One look and you know this ASAT is killer. It's fired up with twin chrome-covered alnico humbuckers - designed by G&L's Paul Gagon - mounted in a bound, flame maple-topped mahogany body (swamp ash on Butterscotch Blonde). This new axe takes the iconic ASAT further into heavy territory while retaining the feel and playability that have made the ASAT a perennial favorite among players.
The ASAT Deluxe Carved Top sports an easy-playing 1-5/8" nut-width neck, a classic C-shaped back and 12" fingerboard radius to make deep bends a breeze. Holding it down on the other end is a G&L Saddle Lock bridge designed by Leo Fender for comfort and singing sustain. The Gagon-designed pickups are split via a push/pull tone pot to offer everything from jangly single-coil tones to gritty blues to scorching leads. Case sold separately.
- Body
- Body shape: Single cutaway
- Body type: Solid body
- Body material: Solid wood
- Top wood: Flamed maple (swamp ash on Butterscotch Blonde)
- Body wood: Solid mahogany (swamp ash on Butterscotch Blonde)
- Body finish: Gloss polyester
- Orientation: Right handed
- Neck
- Neck shape: C classic
- Neck wood: Maple
- Joint: Bolt-on
- Scale length: 25.5"
- Truss rod: Standard
- Neck finish: Satin Urethane
- Fretboard
- Material: Rosewood
- Radius: 12"
- Fret size: Medium-jumbo
- Number of frets: 22
- Inlays: Dot
- Nut width: 1.62" (41.3mm)
- Pickups
- Configuration: HH
- Neck: AS4250C
- Middle: Not applicable
- Bridge: AW4370C
- Brand: G&L
- Active or passive: Passive
- Series or parallel: Parallel
- Piezo: Not applicable
- Active EQ: Not applicable
- Special electronics: Push/pull tone control
- Controls
- Control layout: Master volume, tone
- Pickup switch: 3-way
- Coil tap or split: Coil tap
- Kill switch: Not applicable
- Hardware
- Bridge type: Fixed
- Bridge design: G&L saddle lock
- Tailpiece: Not applicable
- Tuning machines: Die-cast
- Color: Chrome
- Other
- Number of strings: 6-string
- Special features: Versatile electronics
- Case: Sold separately
- Accessories: None
- Country of origin: Indonesia
Once you play a G&L Tribute Series, you™ll never look back. Order today.


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Who pays and who benefits? How different models of shared responsibilities between formal and informal carers influence projections of costs of dementia management
© Vickland et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2011
Received: 21 December 2010
Accepted: 12 October 2011
Published: 12 October 2011
The few studies that have attempted to estimate the future cost of caring for people with dementia in Australia are typically based on total prevalence and the cost per patient over the average duration of illness. However, costs associated with dementia care also vary according to the length of the disease, severity of symptoms and type of care provided. This study aimed to determine more accurately the future costs of dementia management by taking these factors into consideration.
The current study estimated the prevalence of dementia in Australia (2010-2040). Data from a variety of sources was recalculated to distribute this prevalence according to the location (home/institution), care requirements (informal/formal), and dementia severity. The cost of care was attributed to redistributed prevalences and used in prediction of future costs of dementia.
Our computer modeling indicates that the ratio between the prevalence of people with mild/moderate/severe dementia will change over the three decades from 2010 to 2040 from 50/30/20 to 44/32/24.
Taking into account the severity of symptoms, location of care and cost of care per hour, the current study estimates that the informal cost of care in 2010 is AU$3.2 billion and formal care at AU$5.0 billion per annum. By 2040 informal care is estimated to cost AU$11.6 billion and formal care $AU16.7 billion per annum. Interventions to slow disease progression will result in relative savings of 5% (AU$1.5 billion) per annum and interventions to delay disease onset will result in relative savings of 14% (AU$4 billion) of the cost per annum.
With no intervention, the projected combined annual cost of formal and informal care for a person with dementia in 2040 will be around AU$38,000 (in 2010 dollars). An intervention to delay progression by 2 years will see this reduced to AU$35,000.
These findings highlight the need to account for more than total prevalence when estimating the costs of dementia care. While the absolute values of cost of care estimates are subject to the validity and reliability of currently available data, dynamic systems modeling allows for future trends to be estimated.
The type of care provided in Australia to persons with dementia is primarily dependent on the severity of the disease. In the milder stages of dementia, care is typically at home and provided by a relative (informal carer). However, as severity increases, informal care is often supplemented by professional carers (formal care) largely funded through the Commonwealth Aged Care Program that target both the person with dementia and their carer e.g. Community Aged Care Packages, Extended Aged Care At Home Dementia Packages, and Dementia Respite care. In the more severe stages of the disease, persons with dementia are primarily institutionalised in residential aged care facilities that also receive considerable Commonwealth funding. Access to formal community and residential care in Australia requires an assessment by an Aged Care Assessment team and formal approval that the individual has sufficient disability and needs to warrant Commonwealth funding [1]. This progression incurs a significant cost to both the individual and the community, which will increase as the prevalence of dementia increases [2].
According to a recent review [3], the few studies that have attempted to model the future costs of caring for people with dementia in Australia have assumed that total cost will increase relative to total disease prevalence, and that interventions designed to delay disease onset and/or progression will reduce prevalence, and thereby cost.
Such assumptions limit the accuracy of cost estimates unless they account for costs associated with patient location, the severity of dementia, and the type of care (informal/formal). Quentin et al. [4] recently published a comprehensive review that highlighted the need to account for the influence of these variables when estimating the cost of illness in studies of dementia. They found that cost of care doubles as dementia severity progresses from the mild to severe stage, and that patient location determines the relative proportion of informal/formal care a patient receives. Such results confirm the importance of a multidimensional approach to the calculation of total costs of care for people with dementia.
The accuracy of cost estimates can be further enhanced by accounting for projected dementia prevalence and the impact of interventions on dementia severity-specific prevalence. Dementia prevalence in Australia will continue to increase to 2040 and beyond [2]. The relative distribution of dementia severity-specific prevalence will also change over time [2]. These factors influence cost estimates. As the severity of dementia increases, so does the need for informal and formal care, but once people with dementia are placed in institutional care most of the costs are relatively fixed, irrespective of cognitive decline or activities of daily living (ADL) [5].
Numerous studies, such as those of Nepal and colleagues [3], Quentin and colleagues [4], and the Alzheimer's Association [6] have varied in their estimates of predicted costs associated with future projections of dementia prevalence, but all demonstrate predicted increases in both the prevalence and related cost of dementia. These projections do not, however, attempt to estimate the future cost of dementia care by taking into account the influence of location, type of care, and dementia severity over time. This study aimed to build upon such models by more accurately determining the costs associated with dementia by taking these factors into account.
We developed a computational model to forecast the prevalence of mild, moderate and severe dementia in Australia 2010-2040 [2]. Data from a variety of sources [2][7–9] were recalculated to redistribute total prevalence according to the location, care type required, and dementia severity of the person with dementia. Cost data from an alternative set of sources [7][10, 11] were applied to our redistributed prevalence estimates, thereby providing a unique estimate of dementia care costs in Australia 2010-2040.
Virtual experiments examined the impact on total prevalence of delaying disease progression by 2 years and delaying disease onset by 2 years. Cost estimations were carried out for each of these scenarios.
In essence, predictive modeling relies on sourcing the most valid and reliable data available, and then recalculating those data over time. As such a process relies on various estimates and assumptions, computer modeling in research does not aim to provide, nor can it report, definitive results. Rather, predictive modeling attempts to demonstrate possible outcomes derived from the parameters included, be they theoretical or actual.
This study aggregated data from a variety of sources to produce current (2010) estimates of dementia prevalence by location, care type, dementia severity, and relative care costs. Prevalence was then extrapolated across the next three decades using the dementia prevalence model [2], and costs recalculated accordingly.
Taking 2010 values as a baseline measure of prevalence and cost, it is the relative changes predicted by the model over time that are of most interest - absolute values are (due to the limitations of available data) a "best guess", and easily recalculated if/when more accurate data becomes available. However, the direction and magnitude of prevalence shift over time is considerably more accurate.
As such, the main focus of the current study is the dynamism of prevalence shifts over time, and the consequent impact on total cost of care.
1. To integrate research estimates of the hours of informal and formal care provided to dementia patients according to the severity of disease and patient location/care setting.
2. To project the severity-specific prevalence of dementia in Australia 2010 - 2040 using the dementia prevalence model [2].
3. To examine impact of an intervention to slow disease progression by 2 years.
4. To examine impact of an intervention to delay disease onset by 2 years.
5. To estimate the change in costs of informal and formal care for dementia patients in Australia 2010 - 2040.
Dementia prevalence in Australia 2010 - 2040 with and without interventions
No intervention | Delay progression | Delay onset | ||||||||||
Mild | Mod | Severe | Total | Mild | Mod | Severe | Total | Mild | Mod | Severe | Total | |
2010 | 117,000 | 71,000 | 44,000 | 232,000 | 117,000 | 71,000 | 44,000 | 232,000 | 117,000 | 71,000 | 44,000 | 232,000 |
2020 | 168,000 | 111,000 | 75,000 | 354,000 | 204,000 | 96,000 | 64,000 | 364,000 | 139,000 | 57,000 | 94,000 | 290,000 |
2030 | 242,000 | 166,000 | 120,000 | 528,000 | 295,000 | 144,000 | 104,000 | 543,000 | 202,000 | 84,000 | 140,000 | 426,000 |
2040 | 327,000 | 235,000 | 182,000 | 744,000 | 402,000 | 205,000 | 159,000 | 766,000 | 279,000 | 120,000 | 210,000 | 609,000 |
Dementia severity by location and type of care
Total dementia population (2010) | |||||
N = 232000 | Severity | Percent of total | Prevalence (2010) | ||
Location | Type of care setting | ||||
Mild (0.6) | 21% | 48720 | |||
Home (35%) | Community; informal care with no formal care | Moderate (0.3) | 10.50% | 24360 | |
Severe (0.1) | 3.50% | 8120 | |||
Mild (0.6) | 15% | 34800 | |||
Home (25%) | Community; mixture of informal and formal care | Moderate (0.3) | 7.50% | 17400 | |
Severe (0.1) | 2.50% | 5800 | |||
Institutions (40%) | Mild (0.35) | 14% | 32480 | ||
RAC 1-4 | RAC 5-8 | Institutions; mixture of informal and formal care | Moderate (0.3) | 12% | 27840 |
(33%) | (7%) | Severe (0.35) | 14% | 32480 | |
Total | 100% | 232000 |
These models [2][8] provided the ratio of mild:moderate:severe dementia (5:3:2 for 2010) and Access Economics [7] provided percentage splits for location and type of care. From these data sets values for dementia severity by location/care type were triangulated.
Costs specific to the dependent relationship between these variables (location, care type, dementia severity) were then attributed to the dementia population 2010-2040 using 2010 Australian dollar (AU$) values; (approximately parity with US$ in Sept 2011). Values for informal/formal hours of care per person with dementia, and the cost of informal/formal care per hour per person with dementia were calculated from the data of Access Economic [7][9], the World Health Organisation [10] and the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare [11].
Hours of informal/formal care per person with dementia per year by dementia severity, location, and type of care (estimates from available literature)
Total dementia population (2010) | |||||
N = 232000 | Severity | Hours per person with dementia per year | |||
Location | Type of care setting | Informal | Formal | ||
Mild (0.6) | 445 | . | |||
Home (35%) | Community; informal care with no formal care | Moderate (0.3) | 1304 | . | |
Severe (0.1) | 2165 | . | |||
Mild (0.6) | 404 | 39 | |||
Home (25%) | Community; mixture of informal and formal care | Moderate (0.3) | 619 | 685 | |
Severe (0.1) | 1141 | 1023 | |||
Institutions (40%) | Mild (0.35) | 75 | 1355 | ||
RAC 1-4 | RAC 5-8 | Institutions; mixture of informal and formal care | Moderate (0.3) | 150 | 1512 |
(33%) | (7%) | Severe (0.35) | 250 | 1512 |
Costs were calculated by multiplying each of the location/care-type/dementia severity specific prevalence values by the number of informal/formal care hours per person with dementia (pwd) per year to arrive at the total hours of care per pwd per year. These values were then multiplied by the care cost per hour (2010 equivalent).
For example;
In 2010, 5800 patients with severe dementia live at home and receive both informal and formal care.
These patients each receive 1141/1023 hours of informal/formal care respectively per year.
This translates to 7.0 million hours of informal care and 5.9 million hours of formal care provided to these patients in 2010.
At a care cost of $27/hour, this equates to AU$188 million for informal care and AU$160 million for formal care for persons with severe dementia who live at home (2010).
The impact of interventions to delay disease progression/onset on dementia prevalence was then calculated.
For further information on the Dementia Prevalence Model, including a sensitivity analysis, see [2][14].
Without the influence of an intervention there will be 6% fewer cases of mild dementia by 2040. The introduction of interventions to delay disease progression/onset by 2 years likewise alters the severity-specific prevalence of dementia. If all persons with mild dementia take an extra two years to progress to moderate dementia, there will be 8% more cases of mild dementia in 2040 relative to no delay. If an intervention introduced in 2010 delays disease onset by 2 years, there will only be 2% more cases of mild dementia in 2040 relative to no delay. There will, however, be 11% more cases of severe dementia due to the accumulating effect of already diagnosed cases.
Informal/formal costs by location and type of care, and dementia severity for 2010
Total dementia population (2010) | |||||
N = 232000 | Severity | Informal (AU$) | Formal (AU$) | ||
Location | Type of care setting | ||||
Mild | 585,370,800 | . | |||
Home (35%) | Community; informal care with no formal care | Moderate | 857,666,000 | . | |
Severe | 474,654,600 | . | |||
Mild | 385,236,000 | 37,584,000 | |||
Home (25%) | Community; mixture of informal and formal care | Moderate | 328,860,000 | 321,813,000 | |
Severe | 187,920,000 | 160,201,800 | |||
Institutions (40%) | Mild | 65,772,000 | 1,452,343,200 | ||
RAC 1-4 | RAC 5-8 | Institutions; mixture of informal and formal care | Moderate | 112,752,000 | 1,378,080,000 |
(33%) | (7%) | Severe | 219,240,000 | 1,714,944,000 | |
Total | 3,217,472,200 | 5,064,966,000 |
Cost of dementia care (informal/formal) in Australia 2010 - 2040 with and without interventions ($A billion dollars 2010 equivalent)
No intervention | Delay progression (2 yr) | Delay onset (2 yr) | |||||||
Informal | Formal | Total | Informal | Formal | Total | Informal | Formal | Total | |
2010 | 3.2 | 5.0 | 8.2 | . | . | . | . | . | . |
2020 | 5.1 | 7.8 | 12.9 | 4.5 | 7.8 | 12.3 | 4.8 | 6.5 | 11.3 |
2030 | 8.0 | 11.7 | 19.7 | 7.1 | 11.7 | 18.7 | 7.2 | 9.6 | 16.8 |
2040 | 11.6 | 16.7 | 28.3 | 10.2 | 16.6 | 26.8 | 10.5 | 13.8 | 24.3 |
In the absence of intervention, the total cost of dementia care in Australia in 2010 is AU$8.2 billion dollars, 61% of which is accounted for by formal care costs. In 2040 the total cost will rise to AU$28.3 billion dollars, 59% of which will be accounted for by formal care costs (Table 5). An intervention to slow the progression of dementia by 2 years will result in a 5% saving (AU$1.5 billion) per annum by 2040; an intervention to delay the onset of dementia by 2 years will result in a 14% saving (AU$4 billion) per annum by 2040.
Relative to a 2010 baseline (100%), 2040 prevalence has increased to 322% in the no delay scenario. Under the influence of an intervention to delay progression by 2 years, there is a 10% relative increase in 2040 prevalence, taking it to 332%. On the contrary, an intervention to delay onset by 2 years will result in a 58% relative reduction of prevalence, to 264% of 2010 values. This is the comparison highlighted on the graph. The same logic can equally be applied to informal, formal, or total cost.
Cost of dementia care per person with dementia per annum (informal/formal/total) in Australia 2040 with and without interventions ($A)
No Intervention | Delay Progression (2 yr) | Delay Onset (2 yr) | |
Informal | 15,600 | 13,400 | 17,200 |
Formal | 22,400 | 21,600 | 22,600 |
Total | 38,000 | 35,000 | 40,000 |
As these results clearly demonstrate, estimating the care costs of dementia based on total prevalence alone ignores many influential dynamics:
Prevalence and cost of care both increase over time
In the absence of any intervention (no delay) by 2040;
○ Total prevalence increases to 322% relative to 2010 values (100%)
○ Total formal costs increase to 203% relative to 2010 values (100%)
○ Total informal costs increase to 142% relative to 2010 values (100%)
An intervention to delay disease progression by 2 years will, over time;
○ Increase total prevalence relative to the no delay condition
○ Reduce overall cost relative to the no delay condition
An intervention to delay disease onset by 2 years will, over time;
○ Reduce total prevalence relative to the no delay condition
○ Reduce overall cost relative to the no delay condition
Cost of hypothetical intervention in Australia 2010 - 2040 ($A dollars 2011 equivalent)
Delay Progression | Delay Onset | |
2010 | 237,042,000 | 237,042,000 |
2020 | 413,304,000 | 281,614,000 |
2030 | 597,670,000 | 409,252,000 |
2040 | 814,452,000 | 565,254,000 |
The current study addresses a gap in the literature that evaluates the cost of dementia [3]. The formal and informal costs of care in different stages of dementia progression were estimated for Australia 2010-2040. The fiscal impact of therapeutic interventions to delay disease onset and progression was similarly evaluated. Previous studies have not simultaneously accounted for severity specific costs while recognising the distinction between formal and informal costs of care. The current cost of dementia in Australia is calculated to be AU$8.2 billion per annum, with formal care accounting for 61% of the total. By 2040, these costs will have increased to AU$28.3 billion per annum, 59% of which would be spent on formal care. As noted previously, absolute values such as these need to be interpreted with caution due to the lack and inconsistency of data available. However, estimates of the prevalence shift over time are considerably more accurate, and are more likely to remain constant with changes in these values. Our results indicate that slowing the progression of dementia by 2 years will result in a 10% relative increase in the total prevalence of dementia by 2040 relative to the no delay scenario. Such a result, while not intuitive, is due to higher rates of severe dementia in the no delay scenario, and the respective increase in mortality. Despite this increased prevalence, the relative cost of care will be reduced by AU$1.5 billion per annum, as the milder stages of dementia are associated with lower costs. Delaying the onset of dementia by 2 years will result in a relative reduction of both prevalence and total cost. These results highlight the need for cost estimation to account for more than total prevalence.
A more interesting dynamic is observed when the annual cost per person with dementia is examined. Under the influence of an intervention that successfully delays the onset of dementia by 2 years both prevalence and total cost are reduced relative to no intervention. However, the total cost of care per person with dementia per annum in 2040 is $2000 more expensive than the no delay condition, and $5000 more expensive than the delay progression condition.
In light of these findings, it is pertinent to question traditional notions of success when evaluating potential interventions - be they economic or clinical in nature. The intervention most beneficial at a population level (delay onset; lowest prevalence/total cost) places the greatest fiscal burden on individuals and their families. Whereas the intervention that leaves society with the greatest number of people with dementia also results in the lowest cost per person with dementia per annum. These differences in cost per person are driven by informal costs, and would thereby be more likely a burden on the individual than the government. In designing future objectives, policy decision makers need to question who pays, and who benefits from any potential interventions.
The driving force behind these dynamics is severity-specific prevalence. The relative number of patients with mild/moderate/severe symptoms changes over time, and differentially according to the influence of interventions. Disease progression is strongly associated with a transition from mostly informal to mostly formal care. Different types of care and different care settings are associated with different costs.
Many factors determine the current costs, but there is agreement that the main component is the cost of formal care, which rises as dementia progresses. People with moderate dementia often transition from mostly informal to mostly formal care. This includes the shift from home based care in the community to residential or institution-based care. Benefits of care interventions, medications and non-medication therapies, policies of early detection and policies of providing more formal care in the community are justified by how much they avoid institutionalisation. Controversies arise because there are large differences in informal care hours and costs. In addition, the effects of dementia on the quality of life of both people with dementia and their carers are difficult to quantify with appropriate economic social and environmental measures (triple line accounting) that include distributions of costs and benefits among individuals.
For a clearer approach to costing we recommend the following:
• Consistent definitions of progression of dementia using and reporting multiple dimensions, the level of cognitive impairment, estimated time from onset of symptoms, level of assistance with activities of daily living (ADL) or disability weights, with an agreed comorbidity scale for both physical and mental disorders.
• Clearly distinguish between cost of illness and cost of caring for people with dementia. In most cases it is better to count the whole cost of individual care rather than artificially split this cost in complex patients into fractional disease components among many interacting diagnoses.
• Focus on costing the transition from informal to formal care within the moderate stage of dementia. This includes using the person with disability (with their network of informal and formal carers) as the unit of analysis of costs and including the value of positive experiences and wellbeing as benefits to participants in this care network [16].
While it is likely that similar trajectories of prevalence exist in other western countries, where rates of dementia and the types of care are comparable, estimates of dementia prevalence can vary considerably. For example, the current model differs to a report by the Alzheimer's Association [6] in estimates of baseline and future rates of mild, moderate and severe dementia with or without intervention. Specifically the report demonstrates higher rates of severe dementia and lower rates of mild dementia than the current study (e.g. 28:31:41 [6] compared to 50:30:20 (mild:moderate:severe) at 2010 baseline). Similar levels of variability can be seen in the projected costs of formal and informal care of dementia in Australia. A recent assessment of future costs [11] estimated the cost of dementia in 2030-2031 at AU$4.5 billion, considerably less than the AU$19.7 billion projected by this study. A possible explanation for such a finding is that the current study accounted for not only formal costs of care, as the other estimate was based, but also costs associated with informal care. It is likely that this discrepancy is also due to more recent estimates of dementia prevalence being utilised in the current study. The capability of any model to adequately account for prevalence rates and costs associated with dementia is largely reliant on the data available to this end, and is modulated by social norms, expectations and the provision of care in these varying populations. As a result, comparing studies is not always appropriate as each study aims to achieve a 'best guess' in their estimates and assumptions. Applying the dementia prevalence model with a variety of parameters in various populations would be a useful indicator of the cost of formal and informal care in Australia and internationally.
The current study is limited by the costing data currently available to model, and perhaps this goes some way to explaining the lack of research in the area [3]. An accurate estimation of formal and informal costs by severity is difficult at present. Available published data are fragmented and different government agencies have different reporting requirements, with generally only the global costs of formal and informal care available for analysis. Such inconsistency disallowed many costs to be included in this study.
A more collaborative approach to this problem will enhance cost estimates and future policy decisions. Assumptions regarding duration of illness [17] and average life expectancy [18] are limited to current state of knowledge in these areas. For example, if delay in onset of dementia increases life span, this would merely shift costs some years hence rather than reduce them. In future these assumptions may change significantly and so will the projected outcomes. As patient and carer networks change frequently, especially during the moderate phase of dementia, methods that account for this dynamic dimension will be able to allocate costs and benefits using activity based costing methods. Costs can be allocated to both disease states and transitions, independent of states. For example the costs associated with newly diagnosed dementia cases might occur at any stage of dementia, rather than these costs always allocated to the mild stage of dementia. New advances with biomarker technology for early detection of dementia may in fact increase demand on services in very early stages of disease [19].
Many additional factors influence the costs of care, and these may change in future. For example, labour costs may change relative to a supply-demand cycle for workers in residential aged care facilities. The replacement costs for informal care may also be calculated differently if the retirement age increases. Carers 65 years and older and still in the work force will convert from paid employment to a role of informal carer at much higher replacement cost.
A further limitation of this study is that the costs associated with the interventions could not be included in the analysis as the cost of such interventions are yet to be known. It is obvious that costs will be incurred with any measure introduced to delay or slow the progression of dementia. While the cost of a hypothetical intervention was estimated based on the current cost of donepezil, costs of potential treatments remain unknown.
Estimating care costs for dementia, now and in the future, requires a more detailed analysis than total prevalence alone can provide. The potential of interventions that prolong disease progression, or delay disease onset to produce savings in terms of prevalence, or cost of care, or both is exciting. However, savings at an aggregated level are not necessarily passed on to the individual. The complexities of predicting trends in such a dynamic system necessitate that clinicians and policy makers take time to consider who pays, and who benefits from interventions.
The few studies that have attempted to model the future costs of caring for people with dementia in Australia have assumed that total cost will increase relative to total disease prevalence, and that interventions designed to delay disease onset and/or progression will reduce prevalence, and thereby cost. Such assumptions limit the accuracy of cost estimates unless they account for costs associated with patient location, the severity of dementia, and the type of care (informal/formal).
Results from the dementia prevalence model predict that both prevalence and cost of care increase over time, however, an intervention to delay disease progression by 2 years will increase prevalence and reduce overall care costs over time. On the other hand, an intervention to delay disease onset by 2 years will reduce both prevalence and overall care costs over time.
These findings highlight the need to account for more than total prevalence when estimating the costs of dementia care. Variables such as location, care type, and dementia severity can significantly enhance the accuracy of estimates, especially when predicting the future costs of dementia care. While the absolute values of cost of care estimates are subject to the validity and reliability of currently available data, dynamic systems modeling allows for future trends to be estimated.
"This project has been funded by the Dementia Collaborative Research Centre - Assessment and Better Care, University of New South Wales, Sydney Australia as part of the Australian Government's Dementia Initiative."
"The views expressed in this work are the views of its author/s and not necessarily those of the Commonwealth of Australia. The reader needs to be aware that the information in this work is not necessarily endorsed, and its contents may not have been approved or reviewed, by the Australian Government."
Authors' Affiliations
- Ageing and aged care in Australia. 2008, Department of Health and Ageing
- Vickland V, McDonnell G, Werner J, Draper B, Low LF, Brodaty H: A computer model of dementia prevalence in Australia: foreseeing outcomes of delaying dementia onset, slowing disease progression, and eradicating dementia types. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord. 2010, 29 (2): 123-30. 10.1159/000272436.View ArticlePubMedGoogle Scholar
- Nepal B, Ranmuthugala G, Brown L, Budge M: Modelling costs of dementia in Australia: evidence, gaps, and needs. Aust Health Rev. 2008, 32 (3): 479-87. 10.1071/AH080479.View ArticlePubMedGoogle Scholar
- Quentin W, Riedel-Heller SG, Luppa M, Rudolph A, Konig HH: Cost-of-illness studies of dementia: a systematic review focusing on stage dependency of costs. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2010, 121 (4): 243-59. 10.1111/j.1600-0447.2009.01461.x.View ArticlePubMedGoogle Scholar
- Wolstenholme J, Fenn P, Gray A, Keene J, Jacoby R, Hope T: Estimating the relationship between disease progression and cost of care in dementia. Br J Psychiatry. 2002, 181: 36-42. 10.1192/bjp.181.1.36.View ArticlePubMedGoogle Scholar
- Changing the trajectory of Alzheimer's disease: A national imperative. 2010, Alzheimer's Association
- Making Choices - Future Dementia Care: Projections, Problems & Preferences. 2009, Report to Alzheimer's Australia: Access Economics
- Brookmeyer R, Gray S, Kawas C: Projections of Alzheimer's disease in the United States and the public health impact of delaying disease onset. Am J Public Health. 1998, 88 (9): 1337-42. 10.2105/AJPH.88.9.1337.View ArticlePubMedPubMed CentralGoogle Scholar
- The Dementia Epidemic: Economic Impact and Positive Solutions for Australia. 2003, Report to Alzheimer's Australia: Access Economics
- Andrews G, Health WHOCCfCi M.: Tolkien II: a needs-based, costed, stepped-care model for Mental Health Services: recommendations, executive summaries, clinical pathways, treatment flowcharts, costing structures. Gavin Andrews and the Tolkein II team. 2006, Sydney, N.S.W: World Health Organization, Collaborating Centre for Classification in Mental HealthGoogle Scholar
- Dementia in Australia: National data analysis and development. 2007, Canberra: Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW), Contract No.: AIHW cat. no. AGE 53.
- Delaying the onset of Alzheimer's Disease: Projections and issues. 2004, Report to Alzheimer's Australia: Access Economics
- Peters R: The prevention of dementia. Int J Geriat Psychiatry. 2009, 24 (5): 452-458. 10.1002/gps.2153.View ArticleGoogle Scholar
- Vickland V, McDonnell G, Werner J, Draper B, Low LF, Brodaty H: In silico modeling systems: Learning about the prevalence and dynamics of dementia through virtual experimentation. Alzheimer's Dement. 2011, 7: e77-e83. 10.1016/j.jalz.2010.11.011.View ArticleGoogle Scholar
- Schedule of pharmaceutical benefits, 1 July 2011 - 31 July 2011. 2011, Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing
- Algase DL, Beck C, Kolanowski A, Whall A, Berent S, Richards K, et al: Need-driven dementia-compromised behavior: An alternative view of disruptive behavior. American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementias. 1996, 11 (6): 10-9. 10.1177/153331759601100603. November/December 1996View ArticleGoogle Scholar
- Chronic Diseases and Associated Risk Factors in Australia. 2006, The Australian Institute of Health and Welfare
- Babel B, Bomsdorf E, Schmidt R: Future life expectancy in Australia, Europe, Japan and North America. Journal of Population Research. 2007, 24 (1): 119-31. 10.1007/BF03031881.View ArticleGoogle Scholar
- Dubois B, Feldman H, Jacova C, Cummings J, DeKosky S, Barberger-Gateau P, et al: Revising the definition of Alzheimer's disease: a new lexicon. The Lancet. 2010, 9 (11): 1118-27. 10.1016/S1474-4422(10)70223-4. NeurologyView ArticlePubMedGoogle Scholar
- The pre-publication history for this paper can be accessed here:http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2458/11/793/prepub
Pre-publication history
This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.


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Saturday, August 13, 2011
Fate and Inspiration as Writing Tools
But every time I started to write it, something felt off. I tried outlining. I tried pantsing. I tried writing whole scenes from another character's POV. I wrote several scenes from other characters' POVs. And I built up an Excerpts file (my recycling bin for stuff I don't end up using) that was bigger than the draft document itself.
I wrung my hands in frustration. I banged my head on the computer desk. But no matter what I did or how many brilliant brainstorming sessions I had with my writing friends, I still felt lost in this huge dark forest of words.
I finished the third draft of that book a month ago and after one beta read, I'm ready to put it back on the shelf to simmer. The thing still resembles a patchwork quilt -and not a pretty square one!
Contrast that experience with the project I'm working on now. My characters came out with names that fit perfectly and personalities that spoke to me. It's been about a month, and I'm almost done with the first draft. If I buckled down, I could finish it over the weekend (but I won't because it's my husband's birthday and family totally comes first). The first spurt had me writing 11k words in one day/night. I felt inspired, fated to write this story.
I know it isn't anywhere near perfect or complete, even once this draft is done, but it's already five times better than the project I slaved over for a year. I'm grateful, and I also feel awful about it. My poor, awful story that had such a promising concept and never got off the ground!
It's got me wondering sincerely if Fate and Inspiration really are the greatest tools of writing, after all is said and done.
Or do you think that year pulling my cart through the mire with that other project is what made the new one ride more smoothly?
Because I believe in Hard Work, too. Even more than I believe in Inspiration, and definitely more than I believe in Fate.
Still, if I didn't know any better, I'd say there was a muse out there after all.
7 comments:
I think they're all there at times. I've already told you how I felt inspired to write my series, but there's a ton of hard work involved as well. As I've slaved over the first book in the series, the others have become easier to envision. It's a bit of everything.
And I don't think you should give up on the unnamed project ;p But I definitely am proud of what you're currently doing! You can tell you're passionate about it.The book you put on the back burner helped you to create this new manuscript. With each revision and rewrite, you become a better writer.
Don't give up on any of your projects. Your passion for it will return and then one day, you'll know how to fix the book.
I know exactly how you feel. I spent the better part of the last six months cringing every time I opened my current WIP. "This too shall pass". :)


text: A South African judge has given Oscar Pastorius a relatively light six year sentence for murdering his girlfriend. The judge claims he is an excellent candidate for rehabilitation. But does prison help rehab anyone? How well do we do in Canada when it comes to re-integrating criminals into society? Geoff Currier explores that topic at 10:05 on 680 CJOB


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Our Pretties
I have a tender, romantic and very adventurous soul. I am smart and sexy at the same time. I have life principles and I know how to surprise you, believe me:) Just let us try to know each other better
I like travelling, cooking, spending time with my beloved one both at home and outside. I like to experience new things and I am ready to experiment.
Need partner: 30 - 50 years old
I am looking here for my second part, my soul mate and friend. I hope to find all these qualities in YOU. I want to build serious relationships. I want to have a real family life. I am ready to that.


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- You are in:
- Homepage >
- Entertainment >
- Music
Pete Doherty arrested, again *yawn*
Babyshambles singer leaves court, 2 minutes later he's charged with possession of heroin
Fancy a job?
Simon Cowell has offered the spunky young couple who got Rage Against The Machine to number one a job
Internet Killed The Reality Star
Rage Against The Machine win the Christmas chart battle by 50,000 sales
Killing Christmas In The Name Of
Paul McCartney backs Rage Against The Machines for Xmas No.1
It's not fair
Simon Cowell claims a hate mob are ganging up on poor old Joe McElderry
Money grabbers
Sex Pistol's John Lydon is at it again. This time he says Coldplay & Radiohead only make music for the money *yawn*
F*** You I Won't Do What You Tell Me
Rage Against The Machine asked to censor live performance on BBC Radio 5Live and guess what they said? (This is good)
KIlling X Factor
Rage Against The Machine are hammering the X factor according to a music download site


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Jul 18, 2012
When Scientologists say "I Do" and "I Don't"
Try as we might to ignore the subject of Katie and Tom, it just won't go away. So in an attempt to find some unturned stone in this story, I thought I'd look into what Scientology has to say about sex. In a word, boring…. At the outset, it appears that sex is revered in this rigorous community. Sex is presented as a positive aspect of a happy marriage, with a focus on its purpose for... read more


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298 Like LMMS Good alternative? YES NO LMMS is a free cross-platform alternative to commercial programs like FL Studio , which allow you to produce music with your... Open Source Mac Windows Linux BSD PortableApps.com Support for VST plugins Add a feature
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212 Like GarageBand Good alternative? YES NO Welcome to the school of rock. A Mac-sized practice space. Your own recording studio. If you want to learn to play an instrument, write music, or record a song... Commercial Mac iPhone iPad No features added Add a feature
127 Like Ardour Good alternative? YES NO Ardour is a hard disk recorder and digital audio workstation application. It runs on GNU/Linux, Mac OS X, and Windows. Ardour's intention is to provide digital audio... Freemium Mac Windows Linux Mix Music Support for VST plugins Add a feature
108 Like Ableton Live Good alternative? YES NO Live is software for creating musical ideas, turning them into finished songs, and even taking them onto the stage. With two views - the classic Arrangement View... Commercial Mac Windows Batch Editing Mix Music Pitch Shifting Support for VST plugins Add a feature
49 Like AudioTool Good alternative? YES NO Start making music today — right in your browser. We provide all the tools to get you started! * Create your own tracks with the Audiotool * Open and remix... Free Web / Cloud Community based Modular System Mix Music Add a feature
88 Like TuxGuitar Good alternative? YES NO With TuxGuitar, you will be able to compose music using the following features Tablature editor Score Viewer Multitrack display Autoscroll while... Open Source Mac Windows Linux BSD No features added Add a feature
52 Like Cubase Good alternative? YES NO Cubase is a computer program for music production/recording. The program offers recording, producing and mixing of sounds in order to make music production for... Commercial Mac Windows Mix Music Voice Recording Support for VST plugins Add a feature
88 Like Reason Good alternative? YES NO Reason is a virtual studio rack with all the tools and instruments you need to turn your ideas into music. And it's more than just a set of excellent synths and... Commercial Mac Windows Mix Music Add a feature
62 Like Logic Pro Good alternative? YES NO Logic Pro lets you translate musical inspiration into professional productions. A range of powerful, easy-to-use features puts sophisticated tools at your fingertips... Commercial Mac Mix Music Add a feature
47 Like Hydrogen Good alternative? YES NO Hydrogen is an advanced drum machine for GNU/Linux. It's main goal is to bring professional yet simple and intuitive pattern-based drum programming. Open Source Mac Windows Linux No features added Add a feature
28 Like OpenMPT Good alternative? YES NO OpenMPT (short hand for Open ModPlug Tracker) is a popular tracker software for Windows. OpenMPT is completely free and allows you to create and play back some great... Open Source Windows Support for VST plugins Add a feature
14 Like Radium Good alternative? YES NO Radium is a music editor with a new type of interface. - Compared to the normal sequencer interface editing is quicker and more musical data fits on the screen. -... Open Source Mac Windows Linux No features added Add a feature
39 Like Rosegarden Good alternative? YES NO Rosegarden is a well-rounded audio and MIDI sequencer, score editor, and general-purpose music composition and editing environment. Rosegarden is an easy-to-learn... Open Source Linux No features added Add a feature
40 Like Sony ACID Pro Good alternative? YES NO ACID Pro 7 software is a DAW powerhouse that combines full multitrack recording and mixing, MIDI sequencing, and legendary ACID looping functionality for a seamless... Commercial Windows Mix Music Add a feature


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January 08, 2011
Soapbox Saturday - Say It On the Wall AND a GIVEAWAY!
Today we get to welcome a great new sponsor - Say It On the Wall. Laura's shop if full of wonderful vinyl products. Here are some of my favorite.
Hmmmm...maybe I'd bake more if I had these cute labels and my pantry looked like this :)
Want to stay organzied this year? How about a nice calendar for your wall?
There are TONS of different phrases you can order. AND the phrases in the New Year's Resolutions catagories are 30% off during January! What man doesn't like a quote from Lance?
I just taught my children this phrase this week. It made me laugh when I saw it.
Want to keep up with her newest products? Check the Say It on the Wall blog.
Now here's your chance to win some pretty vinyl for your home. You've got 2 chances to enter to win $25 in the store.
1) Become a fan of Say It On The Wall on Facebook.
2) Follow the Say It On The Wall Blog.
Thanks for stopping by.
85 comments:
I have liked her on facebook!!! Thank you so much for posting this!!! There is one I want bad for my sons room redo and I also love the calendar!!!
Girl Boy Girl InspiredI am following her blog! Cant wiat to see who wins!! Hope its ME!!!! hahaha Thank you!
Girl Boy Girl Inspired
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The responsiveness of trigeminal brain stem neurons to selective local mechanical and chemical stimulation of the cranial dura mater was examined in a preparation in the rat. The dura mater encephali was exposed and its surface stimulated with electrical pulses through bipolar electrodes. Extracellular recordings were made from neurons in the subnucleus… (More)
The peripheral effects of nociceptin were examined in normal and acutely inflamed rat knee joints by analyzing single unit recordings from articular primary afferents in response to normal and extreme rotation of the knee. Bolus close intraarterial injection of nociceptin (0.01, 1 and 100 microM) caused a sensitization of normal and inflamed knee joint… (More)
In total 23 rat knee joint afferent units with conduction velocities of 1.2-17 m/s were recorded extracellularly during inward and outward joint rotations of defined torque using a newly developed torque-meter. There was not a linear relation between the torque and the obtained angle of the joint. The mechanical thresholds of the units ranged from 10 to 60… (More)
The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of galanin on group III and IV afferent nerve fibres (n = 53) innervating normal and acutely inflamed knee joints in rats. They responded to local mechanical stimulation, movements of the joint and i.a. injections of KCl close to the joint. Single i.a. bolus injections of galanin (0.1 mM, 0.2 mL) caused… (More)
Nociceptin is known to act peripherally in the rat knee joint to modulate articular mechanosensitivity and it has been postulated that neurokinin-1 (NK1) receptors may be involved in this process. To test this hypothesis, single unit extracellular recordings were made from knee joint primary afferents in response to normal and extreme rotation of the joint.… (More)
In recent years the rat knee joint has become an important model for the study of nociception of deep tissues. In contrast to the cortical processing of superficial pain, the knowledge about the processing of deep pain evoked by noxious stimuli in tissues such as tendons, bone, and joint is sparse. To obtain a basis for further functional studies, the… (More)
To compare 3 different hyaluronan (HA) preparations used as therapeutic agents for osteoarthritis pain in humans in order to establish the degree to which a single application affects the sensitivity of nociceptors in both the normal and the acutely inflamed rat joint.
In anesthetized rats, single-unit recordings were performed from the… (More)
The parietal dura mater encephali of the rat was shown by immunohistochemistry to be densely innervated by calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP) immunoreactive nerve fibers spreading around the medial meningeal artery and its branches. Electrical stimulation of the dural surface (10-20 V, 5-10 Hz, 10-30 min) caused a depletion of CGRP-immunopositive… (More)
Bradykinin (BK), an important inflammatory mediator and potent algogenic substance, is supposed to contribute to the generation of arthritic hyperalgesia and pain. The present study was undertaken to examine if an experimental kaolin/carrageenan arthritis sensitizes articular afferents to BK in the cat's knee joint using two different approaches. First, the… (More)
To examine whether substance P (SP) influences the response properties of fine articular afferents in normal and acutely inflamed joints, single units were recorded from the rat knee during normal and noxious joint rotations. Only three of 39 units were activated by a single bolus injection of 0.1 mM SP. However, 35% (7/20) of the nerve fibres from the… (More)


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The school system in Canaan consists of just under 200 students in grades K—12. As the school is relatively small, the 50 staff members are able to provide individualized attention to meet the personal needs of students.
Letter to the Community
Canaan School's Personalized Learning Plan
Flexible Pathways Initiative
General Information on Personalized Learning Plans
Naviance Website
Great Schools Partnership
Copyright © 2014 - All Rights Reserved - Canaan Schools
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Ice Age Jaguar Discovered In Oregon
Fossils discovered deep within the Oregon Caves have been identified as the skull and a leg of an extinct ice age jaguar that was twice as big as a modern cougar.
An expert estimated the jaguar lived 20,000 to 40,000 years ago, based on the size of the skull, which measured 14 inches long, said Greg McDonald, a National Park Service paleontologist in Twin Falls, Idaho. The jaguar was probably 450 to 500 pounds, the size of a modern African lion.
A more accurate dating, based on deterioration of radioactive materials, will be done later.
The jaguar became smaller as it evolved and disappeared from North America about 10,000 years ago, he said. It now ranges through Mexico, Central America and South America.
The National Park Service hopes to obtain funds to look for more of the skeleton, which could prove to be the best specimen of its kind in North America, McDonald said.


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Stryker, Jim (Model/Subject) & Kundzicz, Walter (Champion Studios).
New York City, NY: Champion Studio, 1961. Hardcover. First Edition/First Printing. 1 pages. Fine.
Rare Jim Stryker and Walter Kundzicz/Champion Studios collectible item. An original vintage color photograph of Jim Stryker, the single most popular and most good-looking male-nude model discovered by Walter Kundzicz, as photographed in one of his most beautiful and iconic portraits. The photograph measures 3.5 X 5 inches and has white borders. It is encased in a protective plastic sheet. The photograph shows Jim Stryker in a profile pose, set against a natural setting, scantily and markedly clad in a bulging white bikini brief, and shot with natural light. "Famous for quality color images of handsome, athletic young men from the late 1950's and early 1960's, these photographs of scantily clad athletes (packed with amusing props, costumes, and bulging posing pouches) are notable not only for the commercial success they enjoyed during their heyday but also for their enduring creativity and imagination. Kundzicz and his work left an indelible imprint on male physique photography. Today, nearly half a century later, Kundzicz's work and his most popular models continue to have their ardent fans" (Reed Massengill). Jim Stryker is the prototypical All-American male beauty. He anticipates by about two decades the model/stars of the reigning American photographer of the male nude, Bruce Weber. This is the genuine article, not just memorabilia, a "must-have" collectible for Jim Stryker, Walter Kundzicz/Champion, and male erotic art photography collectors.
This is an original color print. It is also stamped, "Jim Stryker" (in red), and numbered, "No. 4" (in black), on verso. This is the only such copy of the print available online, is eminently suitable for framing, and is in especially fine condition: Clean, crisp, and bright, a museum-quality, collector's copy. There are Jim Stryker/Walter Kundzicz prints and digital copies available online, but most of them have major flaws and have little or no collectible value. A rare copy thus.
One of the iconic American male-nude models of the 20th century. A fine collectible copy. (SEE ALSO OTHER JIM STRYKER, TUCK POWELL, JOE DALLESANDRO, AND BRUCE OF LOS ANGELES TITLES IN OUR CATALOG).
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The Drive Zone is a uniquely textured area of the insert that provides a mental reminder of where players should be driving from.
Gusset tongue construction helps keep dirt and small rocks away from your foot.
Thin film along the saddle provides lightweight support and breathability.