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This chapter provides information about error messages and error codes specific to the Oracle Database Gateway for DRDA. It contains the following sections:
The gateway architecture consists of different components. Any component may detect and report an error condition while processing SQL statements that refer to one or more DRDA database tables. This means that errors can be complex, involving error codes and supporting data from multiple components. In all cases, however, the application ultimately receives a single error code or a return code.
As most gateway messages exceed the 70 character message area in the Oracle SQL Communications Area (SQLCA), the programmatic interfaces and Oracle Call Interfaces, that you use to access data through the gateway should use SQLGLM or OERHMS to view the entire text of messages. Refer to the programmer's guide to the Oracle precompilers for additional information about SQLGLM, and refer to the Oracle C++ Call Interface Programmer's Guide for additional information about OERHMS.
Errors encountered when using the gateway can originate from many sources, as follows:
Errors detected by the Oracle database
Errors detected by the gateway
Errors detected in the DRDA software, either on the client or server side
Communication errors
Errors detected by the server database
Errors detected by the Oracle database are reported back to the application or tool with the standard ORA
type message. Refer to Oracle Database Error Messages for descriptions of these errors. For example, the following error occurs when an undefined database link name is specified:
ORA-02019: connection description for remote database not found
Errors in the ORA-9100
to ORA-9199
range are reserved for the generic gateway layer (components of the gateway that are not specific to DRDA). Messages in this range are documented in Oracle Database Error Messages.
Errors detected in the DRDA gateway, on the client or server side, are usually reported with error ORA-28500
, followed by a gateway-specific expanded error message. There are two return codes reported in the expanded message:
specifies generic gateway errors detected in the DRDA layer. These errors are documented in the Oracle Database Error Messages.
The values in parentheses that follow the drc
values are used for debugging by Oracle Support Services. The errp
field indicates the program (client or server) that detected the error. If present, errmc
lists any error tokens.
For example, the following error message is returned when the database name specified with the DRDA_REMOTE_NAME
parameter in the initsid.ora
file is not defined at the DRDA server:
ORA-28500: connection from ORACLE to non-Oracle system returned the message:
Errors detected by the DRDA server are reported with an ORA-28500
followed by a gateway-specific expanded error message. Refer to IBM documentation for the specific database being used. Also refer to Mapped Errors in this chapter for some SQL errors that get translated.
Note: Error codeORA-28500 was error code ORA-09100 prior to gateway version 8. Error code ORA-28501 was listed as ORA-09101 prior to gateway version 8. |
For example, the following error message indicates that the DRDA server did not find the DB2 database name specified in the HS_FDS_CONNECT_INFO
parameter in the initSID.ora
ORA-28500: connection from ORACLE to a non-Oracle system returned this message: [Oracle][ODBC DB2 Wire Protocol driver]Remote Database Not Found: UNKNOWN
Some SQL errors are returned from the DRDA server and are translated to an Oracle error code. This is needed when the Oracle instance or gateway provides special handling of an error condition.
The following is an example of a translated object does not exist error:
ORA-00942: table or view does not exist [Oracle][ODBC DB2 Wire Protocol driver][UDB DB2 for OS/390 and z/OS]PCASTRO.XXX IS AN UNDEFINED NAME.
When developing applications, it is often useful to be able to see the exact SQL statements that are being passed through the gateway. The following sections describe setting appropriate trace parameters and setting up the debug gateway.
Oracle database has a command for capturing the SQL statement that is actually sent to the gateway. This command is called EXPLAIN PLAN
. The EXPLAIN PLAN
command is used to determine the execution plan that Oracle database follows to execute a specified SQL statement. This command inserts a row, which describes each step of the execution plan, into a specified table. If you are using cost-based optimization, then this command also determines the cost of executing the statement. The syntax of the command is:
EXPLAIN PLAN [ SET STATEMENT_ID = 'text' ] [ INTO [schema.]table[@dblink] ] FOR statement
For detailed information on this command, refer to the Oracle Database SQL Language Reference.
Using the Oracle Database Gateway for DRDA involves connecting to the corresponding gateway system and the remote DRDA database associated with the gateway. This chapter also describes how to process and use database links. It contains the following sections:
This section describes the following DRDA gateway features:
This feature allows the gateway to optionally run in CHAR
Semantics mode. Rather than always describing UDB CHAR
columns as CHAR(n BYTE)
, this feature describes them as CHAR(n CHAR)
and VARCHAR(n CHAR)
. The concept is similar to Oracle database CHAR
Semantics. You need to specify HS_NLS_LENGTH_SEMANTICS=CHAR
gateway parameter to activate this option. Refer to Appendix B for more detail.
This feature optionally suppresses the ratio expansion from UDB database to Oracle database involving multi-byte character set. By default, Oracle Database Gateway for DRDA assumes the worst ratio to prevent data being truncated or insufficient buffer size situation. However, if you have specific knowledge of your UDB database and do not want the expansion to occur, you can specify HS_KEEP_REMOTE_COLUMN_SIZE
parameter to suppress the expansion. Refer to Appendix B for more detail.
Besides full IPv6 support between Oracle databases and the gateway, IPv6 is also supported between this gateway and UDB database. Refer to the HS_FDS_CONNECT_INFO
parameter in Appendix B for more detail.
You can optionally choose to terminate long idle gateway sessions automatically with the gateway parameter HS_IDLE_TIMEOUT
. Specifically, when a gateway session is idle for more than the specified time limit, the gateway session is terminated with any pending update rolled back
The database and application administrators of a distributed database system are responsible for managing the database links that define paths to the Oracle Database Gateway for DRDA. The tasks are as follows:
To create a database link and define a path to a remote database, use the CREATE
statement. The CONNECT TO
clause specifies the remote user ID and password to use when creating a session in the remote database. The USING
clause points to a tnsnames.ora connect descriptor.
Note: If you do not specify a user ID and a password in theCONNECT TO clause, then the Oracle database user ID and password are used. |
See Also: Refer to Chapter 15, "Security Considerations" in Oracle Database Gateway Installation and Configuration Guide for IBM AIX on POWER Systems (64-Bit), Linux x86-64, Oracle Solaris on SPARC (64-Bit), Oracle Solaris on x86-64 (64-Bit) and HP-UX Itanium or Oracle Database Gateway Installation and Configuration Guide for Microsoft Windows for details. |
The following example creates a database link to access information in the DRDA server:
CREATE PUBLIC DATABASE LINK dblink CONNECT TO userid IDENTIFIED BY password USING 'tns_name_entry';
is the complete database link name.
user id
is the user ID used to establish a session in the remote database. This user ID must be a valid DRDA server user ID. It must be authorized to any table or file on the DRDA server that is referenced in the SQL commands. Length restrictions on user IDs are dependent on the authorization system used by the DRDA server. In many cases this limit is eight characters, but in other cases, it may be longer. See DB2 platform documentation for limitations.
is the password used to establish a session in the remote database. This password must be a valid DRDA server password. Length restrictions on passwords are dependent on the authorization system used by the DRDA server. In many cases this limit is eight characters, but in other cases, it may be longer. See DB2 platform documentation for limitations.
specifies the Oracle Net connect descriptor used to identify the gateway.
Database links are active for the duration of a gateway session. If you want to close a database link during a session, then use the ALTER SESSION CLOSE DATABASE LINK
You can drop a database link with the DROP DATABASE LINK
statement. For example, to drop the public database link named DBLINK,
use the statement:
DROP PUBLIC DATABASE LINK dblink;
Note: A database link should not be dropped if it is required to resolve an in-doubt distributed transaction. Refer to Oracle Database Administrator's Guide for additional information about dropping database links. |
See Also: Oracle Database Administrator's Guide for additional information about dropping database links |
The data dictionary of each database stores the definitions of all the database links in that database. The USER_DB_LINKS
data dictionary view shows the privately defined database links, that is, those accessible to the current Oracle user. The ALL_DB_LINKS
data dictionary views show all accessible (public and private) database links.
You can limit the number of connections from a user process to remote databases with the parameter OPEN_LINKS
. This parameter controls the number of remote connections that any single user process can concurrently use with a single SQL statement. Refer to Oracle Database Reference for additional information about limiting the number of active database links.
To access the gateway, complete the following steps on the Oracle database:
Login to the Oracle Database
Login to the Oracle database to access the gateway
Create a database link to the DRDA Database
For example, use:
CREATE PUBLIC DATABASE LINK DRDA CONNECT TO ORADRDA IDENTIFIED BY oracle_pw USING 'tns_name_entry'
Retrieve data from the DRDA Database
This query fetches the TABLE
table in the schema SECURE
, using the name ORADRDA
as the DRDA server user profile. The ORADRDA
user profile must have the appropriate privileges on the DRDA server to access the SECURE.TABLE
The following is an example of the error messages that are displayed if insufficient privileges are displayed:
ORA-28500: connection from ORACLE to a non-Oracle system returned this message: [Oracle][ODBC DB2 Wire Protocol driver][UDB DB2 for Windows, UNIX, and Linux]ORADRDA DOES NOT HAVE PRIVILEGE TO PERFORM OPERATION SELECT ON THIS OBJECT SECURE.TABLE. ORA-02063: preceding 2 lines from DRDA
Access to i5/OS files and file members is not specifically controlled by DRDA or the gateway. However, DB2 UDB for iSeries uses a naming convention that implies that the file member name is the same as the name of the file being addressed. For example, accessing schema.table
implies that table is the file name and also that table is the file member name being accessed.
To access file members with names that differ from the associated file name, you must create a view within the file so that DB2 UDB for iSeries can reference the correct file member.
One method for creating this view involves issuing the i5/OS command Create Logical File
). This action creates a logical association between the file name and the file member name.
See Also: For additional information, refer to the i5/OS Command Language (CL) documentation or to the DB2 UDB for iSeries SQL reference document. |
You can provide complete data, location, and network transparency by using the synonym feature of Oracle database. When a synonym is defined, the user need not know the underlying table or network protocol being used. A synonym can be public, which means it is available to all Oracle users. A synonym can also be defined as private, available only to the user who created it. Refer to Oracle Database Reference for details on the synonym feature.
The following statement creates a system-wide synonym for the EMP
file in the DRDA server with ownership of ORACLE
The Oracle Database Gateway technology enables the execution of distributed queries that join data in an Oracle database and in DRDA servers and data from any other data store for which Oracle provides a gateway. These complex operations can be completely transparent to the users requesting the data.
The following example joins data between an Oracle database, DB2 UDB for z/OS, and a DRDA server:
SELECT o.custname, p.projno, e.ename, sum(e.rate*p.hours) FROM orders@DB2 o, EMP@ORACLE7 e, projects@DRDA p WHERE o.projno = p.projno AND p.empno = e.empno GROUP BY o.custname, p.projno, e.ename
A combination of views and synonyms, using the following SQL statements, keeps the process of distributed queries transparent to the user:
CREATE SYNONYM orders for orders@DB2; CREATE SYNONYM PROJECTS for PROJECTS@DRDA; CREATE VIEW details (custname,projno,ename,spend) AS SELECT o.custname, p.projno, e.ename, sum(e.rate*p.hours) FROM orders o, EMP e, projects p WHERE o.projno = p.projno AND p.empno = e.empno GROUP BY o.custname, p.projno, e.ename
The following SQL statement retrieves information from these three data stores in one command:
The results of this command are:
CUSTNAME PROJNO ENAME SPEND --------- --------- --------- --------- ABC Co. 1 Jones 400 ABC Co. 1 Smith 180 XYZ Inc. 2 Jones 400 XYZ Inc. 2 Smith 180
To fully participate in a two-phase commit transaction, a server must support the PREPARE TRANSACTION
statement. The PREPARE TRANSACTION
statement ensures that all participating databases are prepared to COMMIT
or to ROLLBACK
a specific unit of work.
Oracle database supports the PREPARE TRANSACTION
statement. Any number of Oracle database can participate in a distributed two-phase commit transaction. The PREPARE TRANSACTION
statement is performed automatically when a COMMIT
is issued explicitly by an application or implicitly at the normal end of the application.
The gateway does not support the PREPARE TRANSACTION
statement. This limits the two-phase commit protocol when the gateway participates in a distributed transaction. The gateway becomes the commit focal point site of a distributed transaction. The gateway is configured as commit/confirm, so it is always the commit point site, regardless of the commit point strength setting. The gateway commits the unit of work after verifying that all Oracle databases in the transaction have successfully committed their work. The gateway must coordinate the distributed transaction so that only one gateway can participate in a two-phase commit transaction.
Two-phase commit transactions are recorded in the HS_TRANSACTION_LOG
table (see the initialization parameter HS_FDS_TRANSACTION_LOG
), which is created during installation. This table is created when the o2pc.sql
script is run. The owner of this table also owns the package. Refer to "DRDA Gateway Package Binding Considerations" on Oracle Database Gateway Installation and Configuration Guide for IBM AIX on POWER Systems (64-Bit), Linux x86-64, Oracle Solaris on SPARC (64-Bit), Oracle Solaris on x86-64 (64-Bit) and HP-UX Itanium or Oracle Database Gateway Installation and Configuration Guide for Microsoft Windows, depending on your platform, for more information.
Because the HS_TRANSACTION_LOG
table is used to record the status of a gateway transaction, this table must be in at the database where the DRDA update takes place. Therefore, all updates that take place over the gateway must be local to the IBM database.
For additional information about the two-phase commit process, refer to Oracle Database Administrator's Guide.
Oracle Database Gateway for DRDA provides a number of options for replicating Oracle and non-Oracle data throughout the enterprise.
Oracle Database Triggers
When updates are made to Oracle database, synchronous copies of Oracle and non-Oracle data can be maintained automatically by using Oracle database triggers.
Oracle Database Gateway for DRDA can use the Oracle snapshot feature to automatically replicate non-Oracle data into Oracle database. The complete refresh capability of Oracle snapshot can be used to propagate a complete copy or a subset of the non-Oracle data into Oracle database at user-defined intervals.
The COPY
command enables you to copy data from Oracle database to a DRDA server. The Oracle SQL INSERT
command is not supported. If you use the INSERT
INSERT INTO DRDA_table SELECT * FROM local_table
then the following message is displayed:
ORA-2025: All tables in the SQL statement must be at the remote database
To copy data from your Oracle database to the DRDA server, use:
COPY FROM username/password@connect_identifier - INSERT destination_table - USING query
For example, to select all rows from the local Oracle EMP
table, insert them into the EMP
table on the DRDA server, and commit the transaction, use:
COPY FROM scott/tiger@ORACLE - INSERT scott.EMP@DRDA - USING SELECT * FROM EMP
The SQL*Plus COPY
command supports APPEND
, and REPLACE
commands. However, INSERT
is the only command supported when copying to the DRDA server. For more information about the COPY
command, refer to SQL*Plus User's Guide and Reference.
The CREATE TABLE
command enables you to copy data from a DRDA server to Oracle database. To create a table on your Oracle database and to insert rows from a DRDA server table, use:
CREATE TABLE table_name AS query
into an Oracle table can be done selecting data from the gateway as follows:
INSERT INTO local_table SELECT * FROM drda_table
The following example creates the table EMP
in your local Oracle database and inserts the rows from the EMP
table on the DRDA server:
CREATE TABLE EMP AS SELECT * FROM scott.EMP@DRDA
Alternatively, you can use the SQL*Plus COPY
command to copy data from a DRDA server to Oracle database. For more information about the COPY
command, refer to SQL*Plus User's Guide and Reference.
SQL statements issued through the gateway can be changed before reaching the DRDA database. These changes are made to make the format acceptable to the gateway or to make Oracle SQL compatible with DRDA server SQL. Oracle database and the gateway can change the statements depending on the situation.
For various reasons, you might need to assess whether the gateway has altered the statement correctly or whether the statement could be rewritten to improve performance. SQL tracing is a feature that allows you to view the changes made to a SQL statement by the Oracle database or the gateway.
SQL tracing reduces gateway performance. Use tracing only when testing and debugging your application. Do not enable SQL tracing when the application is running in a production environment. For more information about enabling SQL tracing, refer to the section on "SQL Tracing and the Gateway" in Chapter 5, "Error Messages, Diagnosis, and Reporting".
This chapter provides information about the architecture, uses, and features of the Oracle Database Gateway for DRDA. It contains the following sections:
The Oracle Database Gateway for DRDA gives you access to your Oracle data and DB2 data with a single set of applications while you continue to use existing IBM applications to access your DB2 data. The gateway enables you to:
Integrate heterogeneous database management systems so that they appear as a single homogeneous database system.
Read and write data from Oracle applications to data in DB2 UDB for z/OS, DB2 Universal Database™ for iSeries™ (DB2 UDB for iSeries), and DB2 Universal Database.
Oracle Database 12c Release 1 (12.1) provides the foundation for the next generation of the Oracle Database Gateways, which delivers enhanced integration capabilities by exploiting Oracle Database Heterogeneous Services.
As an integrated component of the Oracle database, Heterogeneous Services can take advantage of the powerful SQL parsing and distributed optimization capabilities of the Oracle database. This integration also ensures that the gateway can immediately take advantage of any enhancements made to future releases of the Oracle database. For detailed information on Oracle Heterogeneous Services, refer to Oracle Database Heterogeneous Connectivity User's Guide.
The 12c Release 1 (12.1) gateways are even more tightly integrated with Oracle Database 12c Release 1 (12.1) than previous versions, enabling improved performance and enhanced functionality while still providing transparent integration of Oracle and non-Oracle data. For example, connection initialization information is available in the local Oracle database, reducing the number of round trips and the amount of data sent over the network. SQL execution is also faster, because, statements issued by an application are parsed and translated once and can then be reused by multiple applications.
Oracle Database Gateway for DRDA enables you to integrate your heterogeneous system into a single, seamless environment. If data is moved from a DRDA database to an Oracle database, then no changes in application design or function are needed. The gateway handles all differences in both data types and SQL functions between the application and the database. As a result, end users and application programmers are not required to know either the physical location or the storage characteristics of the data.
This transparency not only enables you to integrate heterogeneous data seamlessly, it also simplifies your gateway implementation, application development, and maintenance. The gateway capabilities are as follows:
Oracle Database Gateway for DRDA gives you transparency at the following levels:
Users can access tables by name and do not need to know the physical location of the tables.
The gateway exploits the Oracle Net technology to allow users to access data across multiple networks without concern for the network architecture. TCP/IP protocol is supported. This release supports IPV4 and IPV6 between Oracle database and the gateway, and also between the gateway and the DB2 server.
Operating System
Users can access data stored under multiple operating systems without being aware of the operating systems that hold the data.
Data Storage
The gateway provides the ability for data to be accessed regardless of the database or file format.
Access Method
You can utilize a single dialect of SQL for any data store, eliminating the need to code for database-specific access methods or SQL implementations.
Following are some of the Oracle database services available through the gateway:
SQL functions
Your application can access all your data using Oracle SQL. The method by which the gateways are integrated with the Oracle database ensures that the latest features of each database release are always available immediately to the gateway.
Heterogeneous data can be integrated seamlessly because Oracle distributed capabilities, such as JOIN
and UNION
, can be applied against non-Oracle data without any special programming or mapping.
Distributed query optimization
The Oracle database can utilize its advanced query optimization techniques to ensure that SQL statements are executed efficiently against any of your data. The data distribution and storage characteristics of local and remote data are equally considered.
The Oracle database two-phase commit mechanism provides consistency across data stores by ensuring that a transaction that spans data stores is still treated as a single unit of work. Changes are not committed (or permanently stored) in any data store unless the changes can be committed in all data stores that will be affected.
Stored procedures and database triggers
The same Oracle stored procedures and database triggers can be used to access all of your data, thereby ensuring uniform enforcement of your business rules across the enterprise.
The gateway integration with the Oracle database extends the benefits of the Oracle Internet and Oracle Net software to non-Oracle data and extends the benefits of the Oracle client/server and server/server connectivity software. These features include:
Any Internet or intranet application that can access data in the Oracle database can also incorporate information from data stores accessible through the gateways. Web browsers can connect to the Oracle database using any application server product that supports Oracle software.
Oracle and Oracle Net can work together as a protocol converter, allowing applications to transparently access other data stores on platforms that do not support the clients network protocol. An Oracle database can use TCP/IP to communicate with the gateway and another data store.
Non-Oracle data can be protected from unauthorized access or tampering during transmission to the client. You can do this by using the hardware-independent and protocol-independent encryption and checksum services of Advanced Security.
Oracle Mobile Agents, an Oracle industry-leading mobile technology, enables wireless communication to Oracle database or to any databases that are accessible through the gateways. This gives your field personnel direct access to enterprise data from mobile laptop computers.
The simple setup of the gateway does not require any additional mapping. Before an application can access any information, the application must be told the structure of the data, such as the columns of a table and their lengths. Many products require administrators to manually define that information in a separate data dictionary stored in a hub. Applications then access the information using the hub dictionary instead of the native dictionaries of each database. This approach requires a great deal of manual configuration and maintenance on your part. As administrators, you must update the data dictionary in the hub whenever the structure of a remote table is changed.
Inefficient duplication is not necessary with Oracle Database Gateway for DRDA. The gateway uses the existing native dictionaries of each database. Your applications access data using the dictionaries designed specifically for each database, which means no redundant dictionary ever needs to be created or maintained.
Oracle Database Gateways ease your application development and maintenance by allowing you to access any data using a uniform set of SQL. Changes to the location, storage characteristics, or table structure do not require any changes to your applications. ANSI and ISO standard SQL are supported, along with powerful Oracle extensions.
Oracle Applications can create tables in target data stores by using native data definition language (DDL) statements.
You can issue native data control language (DCL) statements from an Oracle environment, allowing central administration of user privileges and access levels for heterogeneous data stores.
Execution of native DB2 SQL can be passed through the gateway for execution directly against DB2. This enables applications to send statements, such as a DB2 CREATE TABLE
, to the gateway for execution on a target DB2 system.
The gateway enables you to exploit both Oracle and non-Oracle stored procedures, leveraging your investments in a distributed, multi-database environment. Oracle stored procedures can access multiple data stores easily, without any special coding for heterogeneous data access.
Oracle stored procedures enable you to access and update DB2 data using centralized business rules stored in the Oracle database. Using Oracle stored procedures can increase your database performance by minimizing network traffic. Instead of sending individual SQL statements across the network, an application can send a single EXECUTE
command to begin an entire PL/SQL routine.
The gateway can execute DB2 stored procedures using standard Oracle PL/SQL. The Oracle application executes the DB2 stored procedure as if it were an Oracle remote procedure.
Any application or tool that supports the Oracle database can access over thirty different data sources through the Oracle gateways. A wide variety of open system tools from Oracle Corporation and third-party vendors can be used, even if the data is stored in legacy, proprietary formats. Hundreds of tools are supported, including ad hoc query tools, Web browsers, turnkey applications, and application development tools.
The gateway is integrated into the Oracle database technology, which provides global query optimization, transaction coordination for multi-site transactions, and support for all Oracle Net configurations. Tools and applications that support the Oracle database can be used to access heterogeneous data through the gateway.
You can use SQL*Plus for moving data between databases. This product gives you the ability to copy data from your department databases to corporate Oracle database instances.
The gateway can participate as a partner in multi-site transactions and two-phase commit. How this occurs depends on the capabilities of the underlying data source, meaning that the gateway can be implemented as any one of the following:
Full two-phase commit partner
Commit point site
Single-site update partner
Read-only partner
The deciding factors for the implementation of the gateway are the locking and transaction-handling capabilities of your target database.
Oracle Database Gateway for DRDA by default is configured as a commit point site, that is, commit confirm protocol. Optionally, you can configure the gateway as read-only if you choose to enforce read-only capability through the gateway. Other protocols are not supported.
All Oracle database products, including gateways, supply site autonomy. For example, administration of a data source remains the responsibility of the original system administrator. Site autonomy also functions such that gateway products do not override the security measures established by the data source or operating environment.
The integration of a data source through the gateway does not require any changes to be made to applications at the data source. The result is that the Oracle database technology is non-intrusive, providing coexistence and an easy migration path.
The gateway does not bypass existing security mechanisms. Gateway security coexists with the security mechanisms already used in the operating environment of the data source.
Functionally, gateway security is identical to that of an Oracle database, as described in the Oracle Database Administrator's Guide. Oracle database security is mapped to the data dictionary of the data source.
This release of Gateway for DRDA provides complete UDB server Encryption support. Refer to the following new parameters for various options:
The terms used in this guide do not necessarily conform to the IBM terminology. The following list presents several terms and their meanings as used within this guide:
DRDA data is, generically, any database data accessed through DRDA.
DRDA database is the collection of data that belongs to a DRDA server
DRDA server is a database server that can be accessed through DRDA. IBM terminology for a DRDA server is a DRDA Application Server, or AS.
DRDA server type is a specific database product or program that can act as a DRDA server.
Oracle database is any Oracle Database 12c Release 1 (12.1) instance that communicates with the Oracle Database Gateway for DRDA to distribute database access operations to a DRDA server. The Oracle database can also be used for non-gateway applications.
DB2 Universal Database is a generic name for all implementations of IBM's DB2 Database product. DB2/UDB is frequently used as an abbreviation for the DB2 Universal Database for Unix, Linux, and Windows product.
The Oracle Database Gateway for DRDA works with the Oracle database to shield most of the differences of the non-Oracle database from Oracle applications.
The architecture consists of the following main components:
The client is an Oracle application or tool.
The gateway instance is accessed by an Oracle database with procedural and distributed options. Usually, the Oracle database is installed on the same host as the gateway, but this is not a requirement. The Oracle database and the gateway communicate in the normal Oracle database-to-server manner.
If the Oracle database is not on the host where the gateway resides, then you must install the correct Oracle networking software on the platform where the server resides. For Oracle database, you must install Oracle Net on the Oracle database machine.
Oracle Database Gateway for DRDA
The gateway must be installed on hosts that are running the appropriate operating system.
If the Oracle database is not on the same host, then you must also install Oracle Net so that the gateway and Oracle database can communicate.
The DRDA server must be on a system accessible to the host via a network.
Multiple Oracle databases can access the same gateway.
Figure 1-1 illustrates the gateway architecture.
When the gateway is installed on your host, it has some of the same components as an Oracle database instance on your host. The gateway has the following components:
A base file directory, similar to the one associated with an Oracle instance ORACLE_HOME
environment variable
A gateway system identifier (SID), comparable to an Oracle instance ORACLE_SID
Oracle Net to support communication between the Oracle database and the Oracle Database Gateway for DRDA
The gateway does not have:
Control, redo log, or database files
The full set of subdirectories and ancillary files that are associated with an installed Oracle database
Because the gateway does not have background processes and does not need a management utility, such as Oracle Enterprise Manager, you do not need to start the gateway product. Each Oracle database user session that accesses a particular gateway creates an independent process on the host. This process runs the gateway session and executes network operations to communicate with a DRDA server.
The gateway has no database functions of its own. Instead, it provides an interface by which an Oracle database can direct part or all of a SQL operation to a DRDA database.
The gateway that is supporting the DRDA server is identified to the Oracle database using a database link. The database link is the same construct that is used to identify other Oracle databases. Tables on the DRDA server are referenced in SQL as:
If you create synonyms or views in the Oracle database, then you can refer to tables on the DRDA server by using simple names as though the table were local to the Oracle database.
When the Oracle database encounters a reference to a table that is on the DRDA server, the applicable portion of the SQL statement is sent to the gateway for processing. Any host variables that are associated with the SQL statement are bound to the gateway and, therefore, to the DRDA server.
The gateway is responsible for sending these SQL statements to the DRDA server for execution and for fielding and returning responses. The responses are either data or messages. Any conversions between Oracle data types and DRDA data types are performed by the gateway. Both the Oracle database and the application read and process only Oracle data types.
Not all SQL implementations are the same. The Oracle database supports a larger set of built-in functions than the databases that are currently accessed through the gateway. The Oracle database and the gateway work together to convert SQL to a form that is compatible with the specific DRDA server.
During this conversion, an Oracle database function can be converted to a function that is recognizable to the specific DRDA server. For example, the Oracle database NVL
function is converted to the DB2 VALUE
Alternatively, the Oracle database withholds functions that are not executable by the DRDA server and performs them after rows are fetched from the DRDA database. This processing only applies to SELECT
statements. The Oracle database and the gateway cannot perform this kind of manipulation on UPDATE
, or DELETE
statements because doing so changes transaction semantics.
Use the Oracle Database Gateway to run applications, such as Oracle database tools, that read and write data that is stored in DRDA databases.
While the Oracle Database Gateway for DRDA provides no new application or development facilities, it extends the reach of existing Oracle database tools to include data in non-Oracle databases that support DRDA.
Using the Oracle Database Gateway for DRDA with other Oracle products can greatly extend the capabilities of the stand-alone gateway.
Use SQL*Plus and the Oracle Database Gateway for DRDA to create a distributed database system, providing an easy-to-use transfer facility for moving data between the distributed databases. One possible use is to distribute the data in your corporate Oracle database to departmental DRDA databases. You can also distribute data in your corporate DRDA database to departmental Oracle databases.
Following is a list of important features that characterize Oracle Database Gateway for DRDA. The features are:
Heterogeneous Services Architecture
The 12c Release 1 (12.1) release of the Oracle Database Gateway for DRDA utilizes the Oracle Heterogeneous Services component within the Oracle database. Heterogeneous Services is the building block for the next generation of Oracle database gateways.
For detailed information about heterogeneous services, refer to Oracle Database Heterogeneous Connectivity User's Guide.
Oracle Database Gateway for DRDA contains several internal performance enhancements. This product has shown major improvements in response time and CPU utilization for all relevant address spaces for a variety of workloads compared to version 10 gateways. The actual performance improvement at your site might vary, depending on your installation type and workload.
The array size of the application for SELECT
is effective between the application and the Oracle database. However, the array ,��blocksize and the block fetch between the Oracle database and the gateway are controlled by two Heterogeneous Services initialization parameters: HS_RPC_FETCH_SIZE
and HS_RPC_FETCH_REBLOCKING
. These parameters are specified in the gateway initialization file. Refer to Oracle Database Heterogeneous Connectivity User's Guide for more information.
Oracle Database Passthrough Supported
You can use the Oracle database DBMS_HS_PASSTHROUGH.EXECUTE_IMMEDIATE
method to pass commands or statements available in your DRDA server through the gateway.
Retrieving Result Sets Through Passthrough
Oracle Database Gateway for DRDA provides a facility to retrieve result sets from a SELECT
statement issued with passthrough. Refer to "Retrieving Results Sets Through Passthrough" for additional information.
This release of the gateway only supports the TCP/IP communication protocol between the gateway and the DRDA server. Refer to Oracle Database Gateway Installation and Configuration Guide for IBM AIX on POWER Systems (64-Bit), Linux x86-64, Oracle Solaris on SPARC (64-Bit), Oracle Solaris on x86-64 (64-Bit) and HP-UX Itanium, or Oracle Database Gateway Installation and Configuration Guide for Microsoft Windows depending on your platform.
This release of the gateway supports the ability to selectively enable or disable post-processing of various SQL functions by the DRDA server. Refer to "Native Semantics" for further information.
Columns Supported in a Result Set
Oracle Database Gateway for DRDA supports up to 1000 columns in a result set.
The EXPLAIN_PLAN
table contains the actual SQL statements passed to the DRDA server from the Oracle database through the gateway.
Heterogeneous Database Integration
The gateway support for ANSI-standard SQL enables read/write access to DRDA databases. Even if your data exists on different platforms in different applications, new applications can use all data, regardless of location.
Minimum Impact on Existing Systems
The gateway does not require installation of additional Oracle software on your OS/390 (MVS), AS/400, UNIX based, or Microsoft Windows target system. The database interface that it uses is provided by IBM and is built into the DRDA database products and network facilities that already exist on these platforms.
Configuring an IBM system for DRDA access typically consists of defining the network resources involved and establishing access security definitions specific to the target database.
The gateway's ability to interface with heterogeneous databases makes it possible to develop a single set of portable applications that can be used against both Oracle and IBM databases, and any other databases for which Oracle provides gateways.
Location flexibility is maximized because the gateway architecture permits network connections between each of the components. The application can use the Oracle client-server capability to connect to a remote Oracle database through Oracle Net. The Oracle database can connect to a remote gateway using a database link. The gateway connects to a DRDA server through network facilities.
The benefits of remote access are:
Provides a means to allocate the appropriate resource to a given task
You can, for example, move application development off expensive processors and onto cost-efficient workstations or microcomputers.
Expands the number of available data sources
Without remote access, you are limited to the data available in the local environment. With remote access, only your networks limit your data sources.
Provides a means to tailor an application environment to a given user
For example, some users prefer a block-mode terminal environment, while others prefer a bit-mapped, graphics driven terminal environment. Remote access can satisfy both because you are not constrained by the interface environment imposed by the location of your data.
Support for Distributed Applications
Because the gateway gives your application direct access to DRDA data, you eliminate the need to upload and download large quantities of database data to other processors. Instead, you can access data where it is, when you want it, without having to move the data between machines and risk unsynchronized and inconsistent data. Avoiding massive data replication can also reduce aggregate disk storage requirements over all your systems.
However, if your system design requires moving data among the machines in a network, SQL*Plus and the gateway can simplify the data transfer. With a single SQL*Plus command, you can move entire sets of data from one node of the network to another and from one database to another.
You can pass commands and statements specific to your DRDA database through the gateway to be executed by the DRDA database. For example, you can pass native DB2 SQL through the gateway for DB2 to execute. You can also execute stored procedures defined in non-Oracle databases.
Application Development and End User Tools
Through the gateway, Oracle extends the range of application development and end-user tools you can use to access your IBM databases. These tools increase application development and user productivity by reducing prototype, development, and maintenance time. Current Oracle database users do not have to learn a new set of tools to access data stored in DRDA databases. Instead, they can access Oracle database and DRDA data with a single set of tools.
With the gateway and the application development tools available from Oracle you can develop a single set of applications to access Oracle database and DRDA data. Users can use the decision support tools available from Oracle to access Oracle database and DRDA data. These tools can run on remote machines connected through Oracle Net to the Oracle database.
When designing applications, keep in mind that the gateway is designed for retrieval and relatively light transaction loads. The gateway is not currently designed to be a heavy transaction processing system.
Password Encryption Utility
The 12c Release 1 (12.1) of the gateway includes a utility to support encryption of plain-text passwords in the Gateway Initialization File. Refer to Chapter 15, "Security Considerations" in Oracle Database Gateway Installation and Configuration Guide for IBM AIX on POWER Systems (64-Bit), Linux x86-64, Oracle Solaris on SPARC (64-Bit), Oracle Solaris on x86-64 (64-Bit) and HP-UX Itanium or Oracle Database Gateway Installation and Configuration Guide for Microsoft Windows for details.
Support for DB2 UDB for z/OS Stored Procedures
The 12c Release 1 (12.1) of the gateway supports the native stored procedures.
IBM DB2 Universal Database Support
The 12c Release 1 (12.1) supports IBM DB2 Universal Database.
DB2 z/OS ASCII and UNICODE Table Support
Oracle Database Gateway for DRDA supports EBCDIC, ASCII, and UNICODE table for DB2 z/OS. The character set selection is defined during table creation.
The 12c Release 1 (12.1) enables the gateway to be configured as a read-only gateway. In this mode, the user will not be able to modify data or call remote procedures at the DRDA database.
Support for Graphic and Multi-byte Data
The 12c Release 1 (12.1) of the gateway adds support for DB2 GRAPHIC
and VARGRAPHIC
data types. Refer to Chapter 4, "Developing Applications" for more information.
Support for DB2 Universal Database on Intel Hardware
The 12c Release 1 (12.1) of the gateway adds support for DRDA servers running on Microsoft Windows and Linux on Intel hardware.
Data Dictionary Support for DB2 Universal Database
The 12c Release 1 (12.1) of the gateway also provides Oracle data dictionary support for DB2 UDB.


text:
What our clients are saying
We have worked with over 200 B2B companies in 30 industries. Here is a snapshot of what some of our clients have to say about us.
"Dealing with Mezzanine was a value added experience for our company. We were most impressed with their flexibility and their fact based approach. Their recommendations were definitely actionable, and not so conceptually complex that we have had trouble putting it into practice."
Rob Smith
VP of Category Management | The News Group
VP of Category Management | The News Group
"Mezzanine has already improved our marketing and generated leads since we began working with them less than a year ago. The combined expertise of our Marketing Director and Associate has made them a true strategic partner. We look forward to working with them for many years to come."
Louis Cordeiro
President | Southwest Binding Systems Ltd.
President | Southwest Binding Systems Ltd.
"We do not have the personnel or time to develop, implement and manage a world class marketing strategy sufficient to align with our business goals. With Mezzanine, our marketing is well-managed and well-executed. And Mezzanine has achieved real, measurable results."
Deborah Baker
COO | OpenAire Inc.
COO | OpenAire Inc.
"Within the first four months of bringing Mezzanine onboard, we were able to complete three very large tactical projects that had been left uncompleted for years, and introduced a new, very technical product. We immediately landed a six-figure order as a result!"
Jeff Heath
President & CEO | Allerion Oilfield Services Inc. & Mixer
President & CEO | Allerion Oilfield Services Inc. & Mixer
"The Mezzanine Group has been an excellent marketing partner for us. The team brings a high level of expertise and strong project management skills. They shift with our business objectives as they evolve through the year to ensure marketing projects are relevant and targeted. Three words to describe The Mezzanine Group… Strategic. Connected. Delivered."
Julia Selby
General Manager | Foray Group
General Manager | Foray Group
"With Mezzanine we get the dedicated hands-on support of an in-house team with the experience, agility and accountability of a vendor."
Tracy Parzych
"Mezzanine's outsourced marketing service is an extension of Wincon. They understand what we want to achieve with our brand and step forward to execute that vision. We've come to rely on their marketing insight and ability to get things done."
Winston Stewart
CEO | Wincon
CEO | Wincon

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Jackie Gleed (MBACP) registered Integrative Counsellor and Psychotherapist.
2-4 Cardiff Road
07927 401305
About me
As of 20/02/17. **I have appointments available**.
Hi, I'm Jackie, I offer confidential, individual, Integrative counselling to adults, Children and Young People. I am able to integrate three therapeutic models of therapy. They are Humanistic, Psychodynamic and CBT. Put simply, I am able to work in a way that suits your needs, valuing your uniqueness. I adhere to the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy's code of ethics.
Im a genuine, warm, honest, empathic and compassionate person who values the inner strength it takes in seeking someone to talk with. It can be daunting finding someone to talk to, particularly with the many profiles and types of therapy to read about. With each client that I see, my focus is to understand your outer and inner world, what makes you who you are. I value every individual I see with respect for who you are and how you have got to where you are. I have successfully worked with many people whom have benefited from seeing me. That has been an honour for me to share.
My main area of work is with people suffering with anxiety, generalised anxiety disorders, phobia's, panic disorders. Relationship difficulties, family issues, loss, bereavement, Depression, postnatal depression, childbirth trauma, becoming a parent, women's well-being, childhood traumas, domestic violence, psychological abuse.
self esteem, powerlessness, bullying, self worth, social media, anxiety, depression, exam worries, stress, family upsets, divorce, arguments, friendship difficulties, peer pressure.
So what can you expect from me?
I work in a relational way, with great importance on connecting with you and building our relationship. From my own experience of being the client counselling can feel scary. I offer you a safe space for you talk, think and work things through, at a pace that suits you. Together we can explore your difficulties, with the aim of opening up new choices and possibilities. Perhaps you have something specific you would like to address, or it could be you are confused and just need space, time to figure things out. Regardless of what it is, it is ok, if you would like me to, I will walk with you on your journey. It is important to me that we build a good therapeutic relationship, one where you feel safe, where you can be you.
During our first session it would be good to talk about your expectations and what you would like to gain from therapy. This will allow for me to ensure that you receive the best support that you deserve. If I think I am able to offer you what you require and you are happy, we can book further sessions, until you feel you no longer require them.
So, if you would like to get in touch either by email or phone, even if just to ask a question, please do so. Then, if you think you would like to meet for a first session we can arrange a time that best suits you and go from there.
Training, qualifications & experience
PG Diploma Integrative Counselling and Psychotherapy, Masters level . (MBACP registered).
PG Certificate Integrative Counselling. BACP course.
Mindfulness one years practitioner course.
8 week Mindfulness course.
VAWDASW - One day training in Domestic abuse and sexual violence awareness.
Continous Professional Development.
Child sexual exploitation.
Safe guarding children and vulnerable adults.
Suicide prevention.
Working with difference.
Working with childhood trauma.
Group work- wellbeing, mindfulness.
Experience:- I currently work with the NHS, Primary Care support services, as a counsellor. Working alongside many other health professionals at G.P's clinics. I see many clients all with various difficulties such as Anxiety, depression, postnatal depression, trauma, generalised anxiety, suicidal ideation, bereavement and loss, relationship and family difficulties, to name a few.
For additional learning, I currently have a placement working alongside family systemic psychotherapists at Action for children. I assist with the well being groups and counselling adult family members.
I am an associate, school based counsellor working with young people in a secondary school. The strength and resilience of the young people I see, is amazing. My main focus is on connecting with them, meeting each one at their level. I work using creative strategies with children to explore their difficulties. I am completing the PG Diploma in Counselling Children and YOUNG People this spring.
I have experience of working along side health visitors, for parents suffering with postnatal depression. I saw a varied amount of very different people whom were all unique, as each and everyone of us are.
I have worked successfully with a number of issues that clients bring such as Relationship difficulties, anxiety, depression, trauma, sexual abuse, anger, domestic abuse, asylum seekers, bereavement, post natal depression, being a parent, coping with child difficulties and disabilities, family difficulties, affairs and betrayal, stress, self harm, loss, suicidal thoughts, Obsessive compulsive disorder, miscarriage, abortion, infertility, redundancy, money worries, job seeking, self esteem, lack of confidence, being accepted, difficulties asserting themselves, attachment and child related issues.
Areas of counselling I deal with
- Abortion
- Abuse
- Addiction(s)
- Affairs and betrayals
- Anger management
- Anxiety
- Asperger's syndrome
- Autism
- Bereavement
- Bipolar disorder/Manic depression
- Bullying
- Cancer
- Career
- Carer support
- Child related issues
- Chronic fatigue syndrome/ME
- Depression
- Disabilities
- Domestic violence
- Eating disorders
- Emotional abuse
- Family issues
- Feeling sad
- Generalised anxiety disorder
- Infertility
- Low self-confidence
- Low self-esteem
- Miscarriage
- Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD)
- Panic disorder
- Passive aggressive behaviour
- Phobias
- Physical abuse
- Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
Therapies offered
Photos & videos
Reduced rates for student counsellors.
First session £25.00 for 50 minute session of individual therapy.
Then, £40.00 per 50 minute sessions of individual therapy.
Reduced fee for block bookings.
Cancellation policy. No less than 48hrs notice to be given for cancelling your appointment or a 50% fee applies.
I am available some Saturdays, £45.00 per session.
CHILDREN AND YOUNG PEOPLE. £25.00 per 50mim session.
Further information
I have an up to date DBS enhanced certificate.
I regularly attend supervision to ensure ethical practice.
I am continuing with professional development to ensure the service I deliver is high quality.
Maps & Directions
Type of session
Online counselling: | Yes |
Telephone counselling: | No |
Face to face counselling: | Yes |
Practical details
Sign language: | No |
Other languages: | None |
I have a flexible diary.
Types of client
Children |
Young people |
Adults |
Older adults |
Couples |
Families |
Groups |
Organisations |
Employee Assistance Programme |


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Filter Results:
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In the emerging field of medical image processing, computer vision, pattern recognition and other digital signal processing applications, window technique is vastly used. A window function is a mathematical function that is zero-valued outside of some chosen interval. When another function is multiplied by a window function, the product is also zero-valued… (More)
- Avik R Sarkar, Cheol Ho Heo, Eunjin Kim, Hyo Won Lee, Hardev Singh, Jeong Jin Kim +3 others
- Chemical communications
- 2015
We report a two-photon fluorescent probe for ratiometric imaging of cysteamine in situ. This probe can detect the levels of endogenous cysteamine with statistical significance in live cells and brain hippocampal tissues, revealing that cysteamine is localized mainly in the perikaria of the pyramidal neurons and the granule cells.
- Hardev Singh, Charles R. Hummer
- 2002
Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. The findings in this report are not to be construed as an official Department of the Army position unless so designated by other authorized documents. Citation of manufacturer's or trade names does not constitute an official endorsement or approval of the use thereof. Destroy this report when it is no… (More)
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Budget Worksheet is the simple way to keep track of where your money is going. Enter your budget goals and expenses, then Budget Worksheet will calculate the difference to let you know if you...Shareware | $ 19.95
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This is a more powerful version of Sports and Fitness Manager, with all of the features of the standard version, but with the additional capability to share data in real time over the network....Shareware | $ 69.95
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This tool checks the health and configuration of a domain name and provides a detailed report. Demo LinkShareware | $ 50.00
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What is the easiest and fastest wayfor you to know what your website visitors think, like, need and want? Wow! :)Knowing all this about your site visitors is the guaranteed way to increased...Shareware | $ 17.00
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BalanceNG is a modern software IP load balancing solution. It is small, fast, and easy to use and setup. It offers session persistence, different distribution methods (Round Robin, Random,...Commercial | $ 710.00
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The big daddy of San Francisco aquariums is of course the Monterey Bay Aquarium, and it's definitely worth a trip. But it's a couple hours drive from the city, so if that's not on your agenda for the day, here are three accessible places to take the family and see the sea (creatures):
Aquarium of the Bay – Located right inside the Pier 39 complex, this Fisherman's Wharf aquarium is extremely convenient and substantial enough to give you your aquarium fix. Not to be missed are the two walk-through tunnels, 300 feet in length, from which you can watch sharks, bat rays, sea stars and more glide gently overhead. The Touch the Bay exhibit allows kids to come into contact with true marine animals like Leopard Sharks and Bat Rays – if you'll let them! Alameda County residents can go next week for free! If you're not local, consider staying nearby at the Hyatt at Fisherman's Wharf, close to Pier 39.
The California Academy of Science – This renovated masterpiece reopened to much acclaim in 2008. The Steinhart Aquarium has some very impressive tanks that are home to 38,000 live animals, which you can view from multiple angles (including from above). In addition to Northern California animals, you'll see a Philippine reef, an Amazon habitat, a swamp (with albino alligators!), and African penguins. The Academy is located in Golden Gate Park, so consider staying at the Laurel Inn, just a quick drive away, if you're looking for a place. Here's a review of the California Academy of Science.
The Marine Mammal Center – This isn't an aquarium, and therefore rarely makes it onto the tourist list – all the more reason to visit! The center rehabilitates seals and sea lions, and welcomes visitors to see the work they do. Take a self-guided tour of the marine facility, including the newly rebuilt hospital, outdoor pools and exhibits. They're busiest in the spring when it's pupping season, so look for lots of cute elephant seal pups. Stay at the Fairmont Heritage Place in Fisherman's Wharf, which is quick drive away over the Golden Gate Bridge.
Read the entire post at Oyster Locals.
Photo copyright - Deborah Abrams Kaplan - all rights reserved. Photo taken at the California Academy of Sciences.
Sunday, February 21, 2010
1 comment:
- Nicole MillsMarch 14, 2010 at 8:33 PM
Coming to SF March 19th with my 4 year old for a week of spring break fun, thanks for the info!
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The J/88 fleet continues to grow with 14 boats based in the Solent. This exciting planing 29 footer is the smallest J to offer an inboard engine, heads and cabin space. Making her ideal for a the race crew and the fun family day sailor.
The Drawing Office
Hamble Point Marina, School Lane
Southampton, Hants, Hampshire SO31 4JD
United Kingdom


text:
Coast to Coast Tickets is the place for great deals on concert, sports and theater tickets!
Follow @CTCTicketsTo buy Doggone Silly tickets online, please select the event from the Doggone Silly schedule below. On CoastToCoastTickets.com you'll find premium Doggone Silly event tickets for all Doggone Silly events as well as comprehensive event schedules and information. We're happy to help you find sold-out tickets to Doggone Silly events online or by phone at 1-866-353-5167.
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This is my first go at HDR. Thought I would try the trial version, that is why it has watermarks. I think I like it for this type of photography
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To be honest I'm not entirely sure if this is in the right section so I apologize if it is. I have 2 accounts with Verizon one for my personal phone and another for my family line phones. My son used one of the numbers upgrades back in August to upgrade his line to a droid 4, then I myself now purchased a phone off amazon wireless using the upgrade for his line to buy a Nexus. Because I want to use it for my personal line that's separate from my family account. From what I've read once you activate the phone through amazon its stuck on that line? But if you take it into verizon before you do that you should be able to activate it for another line. My problem is I took it to verizon to do this. And the guy kept saying sorry can't do it. I have no clue what to do at this point.
Update: Went to another verizon store and they activated it for me. But no line on either account got upgraded nothing changed and my original number I bought the phone for from amazon still says upgrade available. Also the number I have the Nexus on still shows upgrade available next this April. I'm so confused!


text:
Board of Directors
Frank Fredericks, Founder and Executive Director
Alexandra Karasavva, President of the Board
Alexandra Karasavva is a Director at TransPerfect Translations, a global business solutions provider with offices in over 80 countries. She is also an NYU alumnus who majored in Middle Eastern Studies and international politics. While at NYU she co-founded a non-profit organization to facilitate youth dialogue between the US and Lebanon, and worked for Cyprus' mission to the United Nations. Alexandra has been with Transperfect for almost eight years, and oversees three production departments with members in New York, Barcelona, and Hong Kong.
Rev. Jennifer Bailey, Vice President of the Board
Rev. Jennifer Bailey is an ordained minister, community organizer, and emerging national leader in multi-faith movement for justice. As Founder and Executive Director of the Faith Matters Network (FMN), Jennifer believes that people of faith can be game changers in the fight to build a more just, compassionate, and peaceful world. She comes to this work with nearly a decade of experience combatting intergenerational poverty in her hometown of Chicago, and her adopted home, Nashville, Tennessee. A Truman Scholar, Jennifer earned degrees from Tufts University and Vanderbilt University Divinity School where she was awarded the Wilbur F. Tillett Prize for accomplishments in the study of theology. She is an ordained itinerant elder in the African Methodist Episcopal (A.M.E.) Church, the oldest historically black denomination in the United States. Jennifer is currently a Nathan Cummings Foundation Fellow, an elite cohort of innovative leaders combatting issues of economic and social inequality with outside-the-box thinking.
Avi Smolen, Board Member
Avi Smolen is an organizer committed to social justice and human rights. Avi works at the Open Society Foundations' Public Health Program, where he supports grantmaking initiatives expanding access to health interventions for marginalized groups. Previously, he worked as Communications Manager for Bend the Arc: A Jewish Partnership for Justice, a domestic social justice organization. Prior, he spent a year as a Faiths Act Fellow in Washington DC at the Malaria Policy Center, where he focused on engaging college students in multi-faith global health activism. Avi has an MPA in International Policy and Development from the NYU Wagner School and graduated summa cum laude from Rutgers University with a BA in Political Science. He serves as a member of the Interfaith Youth Core's Alumni Speakers Bureau facilitating conversations about the importance of multi-faith cooperation, and in his spare time enjoys cooking and exploring New York City, where he lives with his partner.
Board of Advisors
Grace Patterson
Chris Stedman
Laurence Benjamin Khan
Laurence Benjamin Khan is an international, intercultural, and interfaith strategist with an award-winning track record of catalyzing high impact strategic partnerships across the private, public and third sectors, and exponentially growing global movements to drive social and environmental change. He is currently Head of Global Campaigns at Peace One Day, where he has spearheaded groundbreaking cross-industry synergies and measurable systemic change with partners including McKinsey & Company. Prior to this, he managed some of the highest-profile clients for a world leading strategic communications agency. He is recognized as an emerging global leader by both Soliya and the UNAOC.
Teri Harmon
Teri Harmon is the Managing Director at The Harmon Financial Group, with over 30 years of wealth management experience. As a frequent guest lecturer at corporations and organizations around the world, Teri has been listed by the Barron's publication as one of the top woman financial advisors in the US. She is a past Girl Scout leader, National Charity League president, past recipient of the Paul Harris Fellow Award by Rotary International, and is currently assisting her local high school by developing a financial literacy curriculum. As an active philanthropist, she is currently is leading volunteer teams to Swaziland for service projects.
Dr. Simran Jeet Singh
Dr. Simran Jeet Singh is an Assistant Professor of Religion at Trinity University and Senior Religion Fellow for the Sikh Coalition. He earned graduate degrees from Harvard University and Columbia University, and he teaches courses on Islamic, Hindu, Sikh, and Buddhist traditions. Simran writes and speaks frequently on a variety of topics related to religion, diversity, discrimination, hate violence, and human rights, and he serves as a consistent expert for reporters and news outlets around the world. He is also actively engaged with interfaith efforts on local, national, and international contexts.
Beth Katz
Beth Katz is a social entrepreneur with nearly two decades experience advancing human rights, diversity, and inclusion. She founded and for ten years served as executive director of Project Interfaith, a non-governmental organization whose mission was to create understanding, respect, and relationships among people of all faiths, beliefs, and cultures. Through her work, she has collaborated with a variety of communities and institutions across the globe such as the American Academy of Religion, the Obama administration, and the United Nations Alliance of Civilizations. She currently is an adjunct professor at the Heider College of Business at Creighton University in Omaha, Nebraska, USA.


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Nov. 9, 2011
ANNIKA Academy launches smartphone app
As a way to share Annika's passion for golf and fitness with golfers around the world, the ANNIKA Academy has created a smart phone app that brings the world's greatest coaches to the palm of your hand.
It's the golf swing app that everyone will be raving about. All the knowledge and expertise of the world's greatest female golfer and her golf and fitness coaches at your fingertips! Introducing the ANNIKA Academy Golf App with over 50 golf swing, fitness training, putting and short game video tips and drills along with exclusive strategy and course management secrets from Annika herself. Use this one-of-a-kind video golf tool at home, playing on the golf course, hitting golf balls at the driving range, during your golf fitness training sessions, or anywhere you use your smartphone. Your own ANNIKA Academy swing coach is only a few clicks away.
Having trouble with your grip, getting your ball out of a plugged lie in the bunker, losing distance on your driver, or can't figure out what to do when you have an uphill lie approach shot? Select from beginner, intermediate, advanced and pro level tips then choose the type of tip that you are looking for. From full swing to putting to challenging lies and mental aspects of the game, every aspect of the game is addressed by Annika, Henri Reis, Charlotta Sorenstam, Kai Fusser and Mark Bereza. Annika and her coaches have and-picked the most effective tips and drills for every level of player, filmed in HD video and sound and presented them in an easy-to-use app format that anyone can navigate. The ANNIKA Academy App will help every level of golfer take the next step towards success in their game.
The unique and 'holistic' approach that has made the ANNIKA Academy at Reunion Resort in Orlando, Fla., one of the top golf schools in the world can now be experienced in the palm of your hand. ANNIKA Academy golf drills paired with their golf fitness exercises have proven to be one of the most effective ways to vastly improve technique, performance and stamina in the golf swing. Don't miss your opportunity to gain the knowledge that produced Annika's 'Hall of Fame' career and will help you reach your full potential.
Over 50 instructional videos covering every aspect of the game
Interactive photo galleries of Annika's illustrious career
Easter eggs with one-on-one secrets to Annika's success on the course
Over 1.5 hours of instruction and drills that have been proven to lower your scores
Virtual tour of the ANNIKA Academy
Much more!!!


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"I¹m much bigger in Britain than I am there. I'm well-known, but my name's That Guy in America. . . . People shout: "Hey I know you! You're That Guy.""
Billy Connolly
"I predict future happiness for Americans if they can prevent the government from wasting the labors of the people under the pretense of taking care of them."
Thomas Jefferson
"America is successful because of the hard work and creativity and enterprise of our people."
George W. Bush
"We must always remember that America is a great nation today not because of what government did for people but because of what people did for themselves and for one another."
Richard M. Nixon
"Something is wrong with America. I wonder sometimes what people are thinking about or if they're thinking at all."
Bob Dole
"What the people want is very simple - they want an America as good as its promise."
Barbara Jordan
"Your worst enemies are made when you ignore people. Those boys in America who shot dead classmates recently, didn't do that because they woke up with a positive self image that morning and then felt like slaughtering their friends. No, they felt igno"
Tori Amos


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Mark Millar (born 24 December 1969) is a Scottish comic book writer, known for his work on books such as The Authority, The Ultimates, Marvel Knights Spider-Man, Ultimate Fantastic Four, Civil War, Wanted, and Kick-Ass, the latter two of which have been adapted into feature films. In August 2007, he won the Stan Lee award at Wizardworld in Chicago.
FALTER (literally "Butterfly") is a weekly magazine published in Vienna, Austria. Founded in 1977, it is published weekly on Wednesdays. Since Spring 2005 a local edition has also been published in Styria. The magazine reports from a broadly left-liberal perspective on politics, media, culture and the life. In addition to its original role as a listings magazine of the arts and social life, it has also developed a reputation for investigative journalism.
"Halter" is a term used to describe a type of horse show class where horses are shown "in hand," meaning that they are led, not ridden, and are judged on their conformation and suitability as breeding stock. Depending on breed and geographic region, such events may be called Halter, In-Hand, Breeding, or Conformation classes. An event that judges young people on their ability to groom and present a halter horse is called Halter Showmanship or Showmanship In-Hand. In most breeds, the exhibitor is given a score that breaks down to be roughly 60% on showmanship or skill, 40% on grooming and preparation, though precise standards vary by breed and discipline. Almost every horse breed has halter classes of some type. Halter classes are usually grouped by breed, sex, or age. Rules, breed standards, clipping patterns, grooming styles, use of grooming products and popularity of the halter discipline varies widely. However, all classes require that horses be meticulously groomed before entering the ring, be trained to stand correctly in the style dictated by their breed or discipline, and to walk and trot on command in a designated pattern or line. The breed of horse in the ring can sometimes be determined by grooming style and presentation alone.
Your Source for Custom Printed Ribbons and Narrow Fabrics. WALTED Designs is a custom ribbon printer servicing the PACKAGING, COSMETIC, APPAREL and FLORAL Industries for over 40 years. We are a one-stop custom ribbon printing shop that handle projects from concepts to manufacturing. During our 40 years in business, we have continued to expand our print capabilities giving our customer whatever it takes to suit their precise printing needs. Walted Designs specializes in personal care and customer service.
Looks like a lot of you guys lasted past participle, past tense of last (Verb) Verb: (of a process, activity, or state of things) Continue for a specified period of time: "the guitar solo lasted for twenty minutes". Continue to function well or to be in good condition for a considerable or specified length of time. a long time on this thread


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Airgain, Inc. (NASDAQ:AIRG) went lower by -14.20% to close at $ 20.00. The company exchanged total volume of 0 shares throughout course of last trade however it holds an average trading capacity of 350.6 thousand shares.
The company is trading above its 50-day moving averages of 16.61 and up from 200-day moving averages of 15.12. The firm has price to book ratio of 9.91 and its price to sale ratio was 4.40.
Brokerage Recommendations:
According to ZACKS data, different Brokerage Firms rated AIRG stock about their BUY, SELL or HOLD recommendations. 1 Week Ago, shares have been suggested as BUY from 0 brokerage firms and recommended as Strong Buy by 2 brokerage firms.0 brokerage firms have issued Sell rating for the company and Strong Sell rating was issued by 0 brokerage firms.0 brokerage firms have rated the company as a Hold. The Corporation has average brokerage recommendation (ABR) of 1 based on consensus of the brokerage firms issuing ratings.
The average true range of Airgain, Inc.'s (AIRG) is recorded at 2.78 and the relative strength index of the stock stands 52.08. The stock price is going above to its 52 week low with 104.92% and lagging behind from its 52 week high with -31.74%. Analyst recommendation for this stock stands at 2.00. A look on the firm performance, its monthly performance is 53.96% and a quarterly performance of 60.13%. The stock price is trading upbeat from its 200 days moving average with 32.94% and up from 50 days moving average with 24.64%.
CVENT, INC. (NYSE:CVT) closed the trade at $ 36.00. The company recorded a trading capacity of 775.11 thousand shares above its three months average daily volume of 485.35 thousand shares. During the last trade, shares reached to high price of $36.00 and touched the low price of $35.99. The stock's 50-day moving average is noted at $31.90 and its 200-day moving average is stands at $33.18.
Additionally, the company has EPS of -0.57. The company has market capitalization of $1.53B.
Brokerage Recommendations:
CVT stock has received ratings from many brokerage firms according to ZACKS. , shares have been rated as Buy from brokerage firms and brokerage firms say as Strong Buy. brokerage firms have suggested Sell for the company. brokerage firms have recommended as a Hold. Strong Sell rating was given by brokerage firms. The Company has average brokerage recommendation (ABR) of based on consensus of the ZACKS brokerage firms.
Cvent, Inc.'s (CVT) has price-to-cash ratio of 8.55 and price to sale ratio of 6.97. The company net profit margin is -10.90% and gross profit margin is 70.80%. A look on the firm performance, its monthly performance is 15.24% and a quarterly performance of 10.02%. The stock price is moving up from its 20 days moving average with 11.31% and isolated positively from 50 days moving average with 13.47%.
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Stock Watch List: Northrop Grumman Corporation's (NOC)
January 31, 2017 By Steve Watson -
Morning Buzzer: Flowserve Corporation's (FLS)
January 31, 2017 By Steve Watson -
Investors Watch List: Chicago Bridge & Iron Company N.V.'s (CBI)
January 31, 2017 By Steve Watson -
Morning Buzzer List: Pentair plc's (PNR)
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Pernix Therapeutics Holdings, Inc. (NASDAQ:PTX) expecting to achieve $3.00
September 8, 2016 By Marry Johnson -


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Product Notes
Sean A. Lane's distinctive playing style and warm touch are responsible for his growing popularity. Either as a solo pianist or member of a jazz combo, Sean is busy performing around Washington DC and the entire mid-Atlantic region. Sean's many past performance venues include Presidential inaugural events, the Watergate Hotel, the Kennedy Center, Nordstrom stores, Merriweather Post Pavillion, Constitution Hall, and numerous regional and local jazz festivals. Also, Sean was requested to play piano at several private and public events commemorating the 9/11 attack on the Pentagon.


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Music Gear News
Epiphone Month - Claim Your Free EGi Mobile Guitar Interface
The EGi is an easy to use mobile guitar interface adaptor you can use with your iPhone, iPad or iPod touch.
Simply plug in your Electric Guitar, Bass Guitar or Acoustic Guitar with pickup and instantly use various available apps.
Designed for high-quality sound but low power consumption, the EGi features a Field Effect Transistor and exclusive ground loop prevention design.
Offer valid on selected new Epiphones purchased between 1st and 30th September. Included models are:
- Epiphone Casio Archtop in Cherry and Vintage Sunburst
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- Epiphone Emperor Swingster Archtop Electric Guitar, Sunrise Orange
- Epiphone Emperor Swingster Royale, Pearl White
- Epiphone Broadway Jazz Guitar, Natural
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- Epiphone Inspired by John Lennon 1965 Casino Outfit, Vintage Sunburst
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- Epiphone Zakk Wylde LP Custom Plus 81/85
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- Epiphone Les Paul Ultra III Electric Guitar, Midnight Sapphire
- Epiphone Les Paul Ultra III Guitar, Midnight Ebony
Follow Gear4music.com on Facebook and Twitter to be the first to hear about the latest news and offers on music gear.
By Victoria Brown
Posted on 13 Sep 2013 11:16 to category : Music News
Related Music News
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Suffering an undisclosed illness, Hetfield takes things slow until his return to Denmark in September where he will "do their best to make it up to everyone".
The band return to the studio to "make a bunch of racket" in a prelude to writing material for their next project. Recently interviewed bassist Mike Inez gives the lowdown.
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MusicRadar recently spoke to iZotope to get their opinion on intelligent mixers and how they are impacting the contemporary producer.
Recent Music News
On the 22nd of April, Pink Floyd will be releasing an unheard version of the iconic classic 'Interstellar Overdrive' in celebration of world record day
With an increased quality of specifications right across the board, Apple's eponymous 'iPad' will host a whole generous selection of great new features.
Supported by the likes of Ed Sheeran, Royal Blood, Wolf Alice and many more, Fanfair Alliances new educational guide is available for free download online.
An icon who helped propel the rock 'n' roll movement to new and unprecedented heights. Chucky Berry is praised by many as a founding father of modern music.
Until the 31st of May the CS18AI is available at an incredibly reduced price. Additionally, claim a free upgrade to PreSonus Studio One upon purchase.
Through a collaboration with watch manufacturer Raymond Weil, Gibson's 'Freelancer' watch pairs extravagance and musically inspired design with stunning results


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Glassjaw Releasing EP On Tour
Ive got it in front of me right now, so stoked on it. though i wish they wouldnt have played the new shit last, everyone was so out of the music since theyd never heard it before.
Mother fucker should have went.
daytona white is one of the greatest songs ive heard in a long time, i guess we can stfu with the bitching
the stuff on this reminds me of These Arms Are Snakes.
my GOD this is good
this is orgasm.
the stuff on this reminds me of These Arms Are Snakes. except better
do you follow Adam Thomas on Twitter or are you Adam Thomas D:
waiting for the inevitable review in five minutes
so good
why so amazing
Digging: Michael Giacchino - Medal of Honor: Frontline
Any official album artwork anywhere yet?
Please don't let this be the last of the releases.
early listening this sounds almost like Incubus if they were an experimental post-hardcore band. f*cking rules.....
Digging: Deftones - Gore
glassjaw.net found this http://glassjaw.net/wp/wp-content/uploads/2011/02/tumblr_lfmwqk14ZC1qzzhn3o1_1280-300x300.jpg but not official obv
its not that. its pretty much the new kanye album but without that little picture in the center and a lighter shade of red. its really plain ahaha i just made my own version of it in MS paint for my itunes
i assume its http://cgi.ebay.com/GLASSJAW-COLORING-BOOK-2011-EP-CD-SHOW-GRATIS-RARE-/160546111344?pt=Music_CDs&hash=item25614b3f70 then
that would be it. its just a totally plain cover, and the inside panel says coloring book in the font that all the vinyl singles used.
uh redsky is Adam Thomas obviously shit is baller
that's the back of it on ebay. The front is just plain pink and when you open it up it looks like this http://i53.tinypic.com/1tpnph.jpg
Think I'll stick with the rad fan made one.
that's not the album cover bro
Ep's been out for 10 minutes = insta 5
over an hour bruh 5/5 is no longer off limits
Vanilla Poltergeist Snake is so sexy. I seriously need to see these guys on this tour
the bass in vanilla poltergeist snake is motherfucking glorious
Might be a 5. I'm 3 listens in. I'm just afraid the two EPs are taking the place of an album. One can only wish because after releasing this great of stuff for free I can't even imagine what an album will sound like.
put the two eps together and you have a full length and more
That's fascinating. Obviously, one milked EP and a free one do not carry the same prestige as a full length.
why not
This shit is gloriously good. And it's only part of the LP we're getting more probably soon
dont currrr
i liked the other ep better.
im kind of worried that our color green and coloring book are the album just split in two, because they were talking a long time ago how part of the album sounded more like traditional glassjaw and the other half was more experimental. Sort of fits
im kind of worried that our color green and coloring book are the album just split in two
why is there a mediafire link posted...?
so people can download it? duhrhrrrr
because it's a free EP probably
i know for a fact that there is no LP, Daz has flat out told me their label and management has agreed that EP's and singles will be the way forward. sux but I sorta understand
dude what
so man, whip open your itunes, merge them all into 1 file named Color Me Now.. and you have your album. i have said enough..
sooooo ffffnnnnnnn gooooooooodddddd
whatever man, it is great. I''m just kinda tired of all the LP nonsense. who says a band needs to release one when they make 3 $M in 2010..?? just saying man.
3.2 mill douche. im not his tax man chino
fucking tasty
Okay I'm definitely going now.
who is this or all the other bands?
this ep rules so hard
I'm not even a huge fan of this band but this is the best thing I've heard all year.
till Saturday Also I'm telling little comets
This is just awesome. Not very hardcore but who cares? If this is the direction they wanna go in, then i'm all for it.
...and so everyone was able to forgive glassjaw... again
These sons of bitches aren't coming to Chicago, still beyond stoked in eventually getting my hands on this
Can someone contact me about replicating the keyboard sounds in this?
Sputnik and Mediafire just made my day. Listening to this with my gf
so amazing now I'm even more stoked to see them on the 21st.
they are in chicago early march dood
In the name of all that is amazing. Holy crap this thing slays.
Damnit my fucking cousin got the ep and I wanted to go to Glassjaw so damn bad.
So yeah. Album will be the heaviest thing this year
I spent the majority of my school day listening to this on repeat. It's fucking weird but I love it. Entrancing.
Sweet Jesus this fucking slays for days!
this is so entrancing...
you're right dinomania, they are here haha thanks man. unfortunately it is sold out I've since found out =(
this is easily the most deftones-y thing i've ever heard from them. except it's on par with some of deftones' best material.
I'm definitely excited to here this, since everyone seems to like it so much. Worship and Tribute rules.
daytona white. what the FUCK
Digging: The Hotelier - Goodness
Never heard anything by this band before, but previewed a few of these songs and they sounded pretty good.
so we have 11 songs isnt that enough for an lp
Imagine if this actually IS just a sampler for a full LP. It'll probably be a massive album.
I heard it's going to be 75 tracks.
no mamez
idk what to think of this, just going through the first listen...it sounds alot different then WaT or silence but like all the classic Gj elements are there...will prolly grow alot real quick
on 38 7"s
someone review it
fucking rules
someone review it I'm on it.
thanks big guy
tomorrow night it will be finished
it's a date ; - *
Lyrics really really need to be up.
http://forum.glassjaw.net/post/225882/#p225882 There you go
not as good as Our Colour Green...
This is fucking awesome.
Hell yeah now i know the words
I think my favorite is Vanilla Poltergeist Snake, it's just so chill.
if i still smoked weed...this is what i would chill out to afterwards
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