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Value Line is regarded as the best independent research available. More than just recommendations, Value Line provides the rationale behind its picks for greater understanding.
Among the many features found in each week's edition of Value Line's Selection & Opinion service is a list of the seven best and worst performing industries over the past six weeks. These rankings can be found on the inside back cover of Selection & Opinion. The roughly 1,700 stocks in the Value Line universe are currently divided among about 100 industries. Notably, for the purposes of calculating these results, the performance of each stock is equally weighted to the others in its industry (i.e., irrespective of market capitalization).
The latest six-week period covered in our Industry Price Performance rankings was a relatively good stretch for equities, as the bull market continues to pick up steam following a modest setback during August. For example, the S&P 500 Index increased 3.9% from September 17th to October 29th, and is holding onto a year-to-date gain of nearly 25%.
In this environment, an industry needed to climb nearly 10% over the past six weeks to qualify for a spot in our top seven. The Air Transport Industry rose 12.0% to take home the top spot, narrowly edging out Newspapers (up 11.8%). Other groups helping to lead the market higher included Semiconductor Capital Equipment (10.8%), Natural Gas-Diversified (10.6%), Healthcare Information Services (10.2%), Chemical-Diversified (9.9%), and Public/Private Equity (9.7%).
In looking for investment ideas among these seven industries, we are taking a closer look at two of the Chemical-Diversified stocks, Celanese Corp. (CE) and Huntsman Corp (HUN). These stocks advanced 13% and 19%, respectively, over the past six weeks, helping to lift that group to its lofty standing in the latest rankings.
Celanese Corp. produces and sells industrial chemicals, primarily in North America, Europe, and Asia. It processes chemical raw materials, such as methanol, carbon monoxide, and ethylene. The company traces its roots back nearly century, to 1918, when it started out as the American Cellulose & Chemical Manufacturing Company. More recently, Celanese was owned for a two-year stretch by private-equity fund manager Blackstone Group (BX) before becoming publicly traded following its 2005 IPO.
The company has struggled with lackluster sales for the better part of two years, but appears to be making progress adapting to this environment. September-quarter sales edged ahead slightly from the prior-year period, while earnings made a big jump, rebounding 45%, to $1.07 a share, as profits benefited from productivity initiatives. The positive comparisons should continue in the December period, though full-year share net will likely finish essentially unchanged from 2012's tally of $3.81, reflecting Celanese's weak results in early 2013.
Looking into next year, the company's prospects look promising. New products should support more dynamic top-line growth. In particular, Qorus, an artificial sweetener, stands a good chance of making inroads in the beverage and dairy markets. In all, revenues seem likely to climb 6%, to $6.9 billion, which would represent the first positive annual comparison since 2011. With this tailwind, share net ought to rise about 35%, to $5.15.
In all, CE stock looks to be suitable primarily for investors with a six- to 12-month focus. The earnings recovery now under way should continue in the quarters ahead, underpinning support for these shares. Still, this equity's investment case includes a number of caveats. For starters, the P/E earnings ratio of nearly 14, despite being noticeably below the Value Line median (18.8), appears a bit rich relative to this issue's historic levels. Too, the dividend yield here is subpar compared to the Value Line median (1.3% versus 2.0%), and the stock gets a low score for Price Stability (20 on a scale of 5 to 100), meaning investors should anticipate volatile price action.
Elsewhere in the industry, Huntsman Corp. is a global producer of differentiated chemicals, with annual sales of roughly $11 billion. It was founded in 1982 by Jon M. Huntsman, Sr. and had its initial public offering in 2005. Mr. Huntsman continues to serve as Executive Chairman of the Board and remains the chemical maker's largest shareholder, owning 16.3% of the outstanding stock (as of last April). The company currently does business in over 100 countries and generates roughly two-thirds of its revenues outside the U.S.
Huntsman's results of late have left something to be desired. Sales for 2013 are likely to be flat with the prior year, while earnings look set to tumble 60%, to $0.60 a share. Investors, though, don't seem overly concerned, as the stock has modestly outperformed the broader market over the past 12 months. Notably, better results appear to be in the cards for 2014, with revenues likely climbing at a high single-digit clip, while share net ought to rebound to $1.65, above the previous post-recession high of $1.51 reached in 2012.
Moreover, the market appears to have a generally positive view of the strategic moves announced by the company in recent months. For starters, the Performance Products division (22% of sales) is repositioning its surfactants business in Europe. The objective is to reduce its exposure to commoditized product lines, while building up differentiated-surfactant offerings. In addition, the company has reached an agreement to acquire Rockwood's titanium oxide (TiO2) business and merge it with its own. The transaction, which ought to close in the first half of next year, would make Huntsman's the second-largest player in the TiO2 market, while creating the potential for sizable synergy savings that should make the deal highly accretive to earnings.
In view of these recent actions and other potential moves, including the prospect of an IPO of TiO2-related businesses by mid-2016, HUN stock has some speculative appeal. Overall, though, most investors should proceed cautiously. The cost of the proposed TiO2 transaction, $1.1 billion in cash plus $225 million in unfunded pension liabilities, would put an added strain on an already heavily leveraged balance sheet. With this in mind, long-term total-return potential for HUN stock appears unexciting at the current valuation, particularly on a risk-adjusted basis.
At the time of this article's writing, the author did not have positions in any of the companies mentioned.


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Infectious mononucleosis, also known as mononucleosis, "mono," glandular fever, or sometimes the "kissing disease," is characterized by swollen lymph glands and prolonged fatigue.
Infectious mononucleosis is either caused by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) or the cytomegalovirus (CMV), both of which are members of the herpes simplex virus family. Consider the following statistics:
When children are infected with the virus, they usually do not experience any noticeable symptoms. However, many uninfected adolescents and young adults who come in contact with the virus may develop infectious mononucleosis.
The cytomegalovirus is actually a group of viruses in the herpes simplex virus family. Most healthy persons who become infected with the CMV virus have few, if any, symptoms and have no long-term effects on their health. Some people may develop symptoms of mononucleosis.
The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) may cause infectious mononucleosis in adolescents and young adults. However, even after the symptoms of infectious mononucleosis have disappeared, the EBV will remain dormant in the throat and blood cells during that person's lifetime. The virus can reactivate periodically, however, usually without symptoms. The same is true for CMV.
Mononucleosis usually lasts two to four months. Malaise and difficulty concentrating may last for months longer. EBV is not, however, a cause of chronic fatigue syndrome. The following are the most common symptoms of mononucleosis. However, each adolescent may experience symptoms differently. Symptoms may include:
Swollen lymph glands in the neck, armpits, and groin
Prolonged fatigue and muscle aches
Sore throat due to tonsillitis, which often makes swallowing difficult
Enlarged spleen
Liver involvement, such as mild liver damage that can cause temporary jaundice, a yellow discoloration of the skin and eye whites due to abnormally high levels of bilirubin (bile pigmentation) in the bloodstream
Once a person has had mononucleosis, the virus remains dormant for the rest of that person's life. Once a person has been exposed to the Epstein-Barr virus, a person is usually not at risk for developing mononucleosis again, unless it is from CMV.
In addition to a complete medical history and physical examination of your adolescent, a diagnosis of mononucleosis is usually based on reported symptoms. However, diagnosis can be confirmed with specific blood tests including:
White blood cell count
Antibody test
Mononucleosis is often spread by contact with oral secretions through infected saliva from the mouth. According to the CDC, symptoms can take between four to six weeks to appear and usually do not last beyond four months. Transmission is impossible to prevent because even symptom-free people can carry the virus in their saliva.
Alleviating symptoms of mononucleosis may include the following:
Rest for about one month (to give the body's immune system time to destroy the virus)
Corticosteroids (to reduce swelling of the throat and tonsils)

subset: commoncrawl


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Colorado Interstate Gas Company
First Revised Volume No. 1
Contents / Previous / Next / Main Tariff Index
Effective Date: 06/01/2010, Docket: RP10-689-000, Status: Effective
Eighth Revised Sheet No. 109 Eighth Revised Sheet No. 109
Superseding: Seventh Revised Sheet No. 109
2. APPLICABILITY AND CHARACTER OF SERVICE (continued)
2.5 Shippers under this Rate Schedule will be allocated Storage Service
(a) The Storage Service entitlements, based on an Average Thermal
Content of Gas in Storage of 1,000 Btu per cubic foot shall
consist of (1) a Totem Maximum Available Capacity ("TMAC"), as
stated in the Agreement, (2) a Totem Maximum Daily Injection
Quantity ("TMDIQ"), and (3) a Totem Maximum Daily Withdrawal
Quantity ("TMDWQ") and shall be considered firm.
(i) Service up to and including these levels is not subject
to interruption or curtailment by Transporter except as
provided in this Tariff.
(ii) Shipper's Totem Storage service entitlements shall be
adjusted pursuant to Shipper's Totem Available Daily
Injection Quantity and Totem Available Daily Withdrawal
(b) Compliance with Totem Reservoir Integrity Inventory Limit.
(i) Except as provided below, Shipper shall not exceed the
Totem Reservoir Integrity Inventory Limit as provided in
Section 8.3 of the General Terms and Conditions. If
Shipper exceeds the Totem Reservoir Integrity Inventory
Limit, Transporter will seek Shipper's immediate
cooperation to bring Shipper's Gas in Place into
compliance with the Totem Reservoir Integrity Inventory
Limit. If necessary, Transporter will issue Operational
Flow Orders to bring Shipper's Gas in Place into
compliance with the Totem Reservoir Integrity Inventory
Limit. Shipper's TMDWQ shall be reduced pursuant to the
TADWQ chart provided in Section 8.3 of the General Terms
and Conditions. Transporter shall have no obligation to
deliver quantities in excess of the Shipper's TADWQ.
Shipper shall hold Transporter harmless and shall
indemnify Transporter for any damages which may directly
or indirectly arise out of or which relate to Shipper's
failure to maintain a sufficient quantity of Gas in
storage to satisfy its needs.


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OVB Outside Vertical Bar
VRCB Volatility Reduced Compression Bar
Brent Crude Oil (December):
- Short Term Trends are bullish.
- Confirmation of a top with a range violation on 10/15/12 @ 112.92. Confirmation of a top with a close violation on 10/18/12 @ 112.42. Downside Targets = 110.86 – 109.36.
- New lows made on current move Friday @ 109.90. STR3MO = 108.20.
- December Brent Crude sank lower again on Friday, cracking through $110 briefly and closing at its lowest price in more than two weeks.
- Look for a lower opening on Monday as news of Iranian-US nuclear negotiations may dilute some of the fear premium that has been priced into this market as Brent may once again challenge the Short Term support zone of $106.50 – $107.18.
- Projected Daily Range: 2.31
- Projected Weekly Range: 5.35
- Projected Monthly Range: 12.02
WTI Crude Oil (December):
- Short Term Trends are bullish.
- Confirmation of a bottom with a range violation on 10/17/12 @ 92.80. Confirmation of a bottom with a close violation on 10/09/12 @ 92.39. Upside Targets = 94.91 – 95.83.
- Bearish EROVB (Extended Range Outside Vertical Bar) generated on Friday.
- December WTI Crude Oil started Friday off with a bang, making new highs for the week before looming concerns over lower global growth expectations crept back into the market.
- WTI should be able to find some initial support just below $90 on Monday but if it is unable to sustain a rally to help the market close above $91.73, look for WTI to fall back lower to retest the contract lows at $88.09.
- Projected Daily Range: 2.15
- Projected Weekly Range: 4.93
- Projected Monthly Range: 11.33
Natural Gas (November):
- Short Term Trend is bullish.
- Confirmation of a bottom with a range violation on 10/19/2012 @ 3.592. Confirmation of a bottom with a close violation on 10/19/2012 @ 3.617. Upside Targets = 3.629 – 3.747.
- November Natural Gas moved to new 2012 highs on Friday at $3.647 as the market tried to follow through on Thursday's bullish extension but failed to deliver a strong close, settling just above the day's mid-range.
- Look for our maximum Intermediate term upside objective of $3.747 to keep a lid on the market as it continues to struggle to find strength in the resistance zone of $3.602 - $3.747.
- Projected Daily Range: .127
- Projected Weekly Range: .260
- Projected Monthly Range: .624


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ok.. so im going to japan in like six weeks.. so around late october and early november.. .. anyways i have always been wondering if it is appropriate to wear uhmm.. short shorts? lol and you know loose tank tops wear u can see bra straps and all in japan? or is it not really ok to wear revealing clothes in japan?>
If you're going late October into early November, it'll depend on where you're at. Though frankly, unless you're down in Okinawa, you'll want to avoid short shorts and tanktops anyway. It's going to be chilly, you know! T-shirts for the days it's still decently warm, long sleeves for when it gets a little cooler, and a light jacket when the temperature starts to drop (or a heavy jacket if it gets too cold, you never know).
Mmmm, insomnia...
its not unnormal to wear those kinda of clothes in japan, alot of girls wear stuff like that durring the summer, and remember, tho its a different country, japan is very into the western style in some things and clothes just so happens to be one of em so expect to see what u would normally see in any western country or ur own country. BUT since u said around oct.-nov. its gonna be chilly-cold there so bring light jacket and jeans and/or a heavy jacket cuz its gonna be Fall there
Ganguro.........lol wear w/e ya want
Woah, Crunchyroll so old -_-
i challenge you to go to harajuku
i hate to love him, but i do!!!!!!!!!!
how about a SWEATER, and JEANS....its fall i'm pretty sure its somewhat cold over there >.> people don't care what you wear tbh Japan, China, thailand, America, Puerto rico , etc.....
will it be weird if i wear winter leggings in dec?
i mean, coz it will be snowing and everything.
so the top will be a fur coat.
as in, the top half of ur body will be baggy, while the bottom half only got winter leggings with boots, will it be strange?
coz in jdrama, ppl also wear skirt even in winter
if its not okay, its not the end
I know this is way late, but you want to stay with more modest clothes, especially if you are a girl. while they do wear Western clothes, cleavage is considered unacceptable by many Japanese. because western girls typically have more curves than japanese girls, alot of the clothing that they get isnt as revealing as clothes we get here. if you hear "munesegi (cleavage)" it's probably a negative comment and you'll want a sweater or something to cover up. although if you dont speak japanese, you're in the clear from hearing the comments


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The trouble with an outstanding performance is trying to follow it. Harper Lee wrote "To Kill a Mockingbird" and called it a career. Steam never could follow up "Na Na Hey Hey Kiss Him Goodbye," which was a genuine American tragedy.
There have been 283 no-hitters thrown in major league history and yet Johnny Vander Meer is the only one to pull it off in consecutive games. It is one tough encore.
Josh Beckett is the latest to have thrown a no-hitter, and he found following the best performance of his life on the challenging side Friday in the Dodger's 2-1 loss to the Pirates before a Dodger Stadium crowd of 47,503.
Which is not to say he pitched poorly, because he certainly did not. But expectations do tend to rise when you no-hit a team, as Beckett did Sunday against the Phillies in Philadelphia.
It took Beckett a career-high 128 pitches to throw his no-hitter, so it didn't figure he would go very long Friday, and he did not. Beckett went five innings, giving up two runs on five hits and a walk. He struck out five.
He retired the Pirates in order in the first inning before giving up his first hit with one out in the second on a single by former Dodgers catcher Russell Martin. He lost his shutout after he hit Starling Marte and walked Clint Barmes to lead off the third inning.
Catcher Drew Butera fired down to second base to pick off Marte -- Butera also threw out two would-be basestealers -- before Beckett struck out opposing pitcher Francisco Liriano. But a single from Josh Harrison sent Barmes to third and a hit by Neil Walker scored Barmes.
Pittsburgh's second run came in the fourth inning and was of the quick variety. First baseman Ike Davis absolutely crushed a Beckett pitch, sending it well beyond the center-field wall. It was estimated at 453 feet.
The Dodgers, meanwhile, could do little with Liriano, who had yet to win a game this season in 11 previous starts. On this night, Liriano held the Dodgers scoreless for 5 2/3 innings on five hits, two walks and eight strikeouts.
The Dodgers finally pushed a run across against reliever Mark Melancon in the eighth inning after Chone Figgins led off with a single, took second on Yasiel Puig's groundout and scored on a single by Hanley Ramirez.
Puig did single in the fourth, extending his streak of reaching base to 31 consecutive innings.
The Dodgers' bullpen held the Pirates scoreless over the final four innings, but the offense could only manage the one run.
The loss was the Dodgers' third consecutive and dropped them to a season-high 7½ games back of the Giants in the National League West.


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The yaSSL Embedded Web Server is a fast, embeddable, and easy-to-configure web server with a strong focus on portability and security. The web server offers SSL/TLS (HTTPS) support built-in through the CyaSSL embedded SSL Library to provide you with the secure performance that your project needs. With a footprint size of less than 100kB with SSL enabled (or 40kB without SSL), and a simple and clean API, the yaSSL Embedded Web Server was designed to fit perfectly into resource-constrained embedded environments. While maintaining a small size and fast speeds, the yaSSL Embedded Web Server offers a full feature set as well to give you the maximum amount of freedom and flexibility when developing your project.
Download and use it now: yaSSL Embedded Web Server


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SANTA BARBARA, Calif. – UC Santa Barbara men's volleyball head coach Rick McLaughlin has hired former Gaucho star Cullen Irons as an assistant coach, it was announced this week.
Irons, a member of UCSB's Final Four team of 2011, will replace Vince Devany, his 2011 teammate, who has signed a contract to play professional volleyball in Belgium.
"Cullen brings a great level of experience to our staff," said McLaughlin. "Everything he went through during the last three years of his Gaucho career leading up to his team's appearance in the 2011 National Championship match is exactly what our current Gauchos are experiencing in pursuit of our goal of a national title. Sharing his experiences will definitely help our guys stay focused and motivate them to do what it takes."
Since wrapping up his collegiate career in 2011, Irons has been participating in the Professional Beach Volleyball circuit, where he has partnered with Blaine Nielsen, a 2012 UCSB graduate. He will continue to train and pursue a professional beach career while at UCSB.
The Hanford, Calif. native had at least 250 kills and 100 digs in all three of his years as a starter for the Gauchos, finishing with career marks of 953 kills, 575 digs, and 174 blocks. His career dig total ranks eighth in program history. He placed second on the team behind Jeff Menzel in kills in both 2010 and 2011. Irons was named to the All-NCAA Tournament Team in 2011 after leading the team in kills and ranking second in blocks and digs over two games at Penn State's Rec Hall as he led the Gauchos to the cusp of a National Championship.
In Belgium, Devany will reunite with former teammate Menzel with the club Noliko Maaseik. Both players figure prominently in the UCSB annals, with Menzel ranking in the program top-10 in kills (second, 2,112), swings (first, 4,569), service aces (second, 135), and digs (sixth, 604) while Devany's 4,625 career assists rank third in team history.
Tyson Norton remains as the first assistant under McLaughlin.
The fall season is almost upon us, as the UCSB women's soccer team opens up the 2013-14 year with an exhibition contest against Westmont on Aug. 17. Make sure not to miss a moment of Gauchos action by ordering season tickets to follow your favorite teams. Affordable plans for the men's soccer and women's volleyball seasons can be purchased by calling 805-893-UCSB (8272) or visiting UCSBgauchos.com.


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News Posts
Research Shows Vital Links Between Lemurs and Fruit Trees
by AMNH on
A new study led by a Museum researcher has uncovered a close connection between the diversity of Madagascar's lemurs and the abundance of their food resources.
Bigger Brains Drove Evolution to Bigger Human Bodies
by AMNH on
New research by a Museum scientist suggests that humans became the large-brained, large-bodied animals we are today because of natural selection to increase brain size.
Frontiers Lecture: The Cosmic Web - Mysterious Architecture of the Universe
by AMNH on
J. Richard Gott discusses how ambitious telescope surveys are transforming astronomy, what the cosmic web says about the origins of the universe, and the next trillion years ahead.
Get to Know a Dino: Yutyrannus huali
by AMNH on
This smaller cousin of the iconic Tyrannosaurus rex was a fearsome predator covered in a shaggy coat of "proto-feathers."
2016 Isaac Asimov Memorial Debate: Is the Universe a Simulation?
by AMNH on
Host and moderator Neil deGrasse Tyson leads a lively discussion about the merits and shortcomings of a provocative new theory.


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New School >
New School for Social Research >
CPS > Program
Center for Public Scholarship
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Mailing List
6:00-7:30 p.m.
KEYNOTE ADDRESSTHE TRACE. VIOLENCE, TRUTH, AND THE POLITICS OF THE BODYDidier Fassin, MD, MPH, James D. Wolfensohn Professor, School of Social Science, Institute for Advanced Study; Director of
Studies, Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales, Paris
Moderator: David Van Zandt, President of The New School
10:00 a.m.-1:00 p.m. Session I: CONCEPTIONS OF THE "NORMAL" BODY
We all have our own ideas about what a "normal," "healthy" body is, but these ideas are neither given nor based on some eternal biological definition. Rather, they reflect many different forces within a culture and they change over time. How do these views influence public policy in different locations? How do social dynamics affect conceptions of maleness and femaleness and how do they differ in different societies?
Religions exert powerful pressure on how the conception of the normal or morally acceptable body is understood. How do images of the normal body differ across religious traditions? Case studies are reviewed on the role of religion in affecting state policy with regard to the body.
Joan's Two Bodies: Was Joan of Arc Killed by the Church or the State and Does it Matter?Winnifred F. Sullivan, Member, School of Social Science, Institute for Advanced Study; Associate Professor, Director of the Law and Religion program, University at Buffalo Law School
From all of the evidence, Joan of Arc was a conventionally pious Catholic and a patriotic Frenchwoman. Yet she was tried as a heretic and executed as a political dissident. She unnerved both her friends and her enemies in the church and the state with her zeal. And she continues to fascinate. Almost six centuries after she was burned at the stake, her body still has life. Why were her judges so obsessed by what she wore? What threat did her clothes and the clothes of French women today pose to the state? What does her trial at the dawn of the birth of the modern state tell us about the body and the state?
Ascribing Citizenship on the Muslim Body John Bowen, Dunbar-Van Cleve Professor in Arts and Sciences, Department of Anthropology, Washington University, St. Louis
States making claims about autonomy and citizenship can appeal to negative instances that make their case by painting portraits of insufficiently autonomous and civic individuals. Over the past century, features of Muslim bodies, particularly women's but also men's, have taken on this diacritic role, from strategic unveiling and veiling in 20th-Century Egypt, to Turkish state proscriptions of covering the head, to more recent debates and laws across Western Europe about face coverings and, less prominently, shaking hands. State actors make claims about civic "normality" against images of its opposite: those who are slavishly obedient, unmodern, and sectarian. Those grounding their counter-claims in revealed religion may do so by naturalizing those claims, or by the opposite: by emphasizing the role of religion in curbing the natural, preventing the resurgence of the biologically "normal."
I begin with a recent and very specific intervention by the French state, seeking to justify its ban on covering the face in public by ascribing objective meanings to face coverings. I then trace the development of this form of justification backwards to antecedent arguments about virginity and head covering and seek to explain shifts in legal and political reasoning. I work outwards to ideas of "appropriate religion" that support these state claims and that find traction among some young Muslims. Finally I ask in what ways political claims about civility and autonomy with respect to Muslim bodies differ across Western European countries.
Notions of the "healthy," "normal" body often bring with them the imprimatur of science. What role does science play in our understanding of what is normal and what is not? How are these understandings reflected in policy? Does this science-policy interplay differ across cultures?
The Body as a Biological and Genetic EntityElof Axel Carlson, Distinguished Teaching Professor Emeritus in the Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University
Biologists and physicians see the body through its anatomy, physiology, cells, and genes. They recognize what is typical or normal and what is atypical or abnormal. Disorders that are incapacitating or life threatening such as sickle cell anemia, phenylketonuria, or Hurler syndrome are abnormal. Some disorders can be treated to extend life expectancy or reduce the severity of symptoms. Very different are the terms used in social debates to describe people as "degenerate," "unfit to reproduce," or "inferior." A similar confusion exists over terms like personhood, superior, well-bred, good stock, and others associated with social status. The government has a role in regulating our health through its agencies. There are and should be limits to the scope of the government's oversight. A major difficulty for society is the rapidity with which scientific information about the body appears in print and the relative lack of understanding about our bodies at molecular and cellular levels by those who fear new knowledge, who misinterpret it, or who serve in legislative bodies guided by ideology (on the political left or the political right) that is unresponsive or hostile to scientific information.
Bodies of Rights and Biomedical MarketsJoão Biehl, Professor of Anthropology, Co-director, Program in Global Health and Health Policy, Princeton University
In Brazil, low and middle-income patients are not waiting for new medical technologies to "trickle down;" they are using the levers of a responsive judiciary to now gain full access. In this paper, I show how right-to-health litigation has become an alternative pathway for Brazilians to access health care—now understood as access to drugs that are either on official pharmaceutical lists or are only available through the market. If access to HIV/AIDS therapies was the litmus test of the right to health in the 1990s, now it is access to genetic therapies. The quest for treatment access by desperate families dealing with life-threatening disorders reveals an intense political-economic-experiential field beyond the biopolitics of populations: where government facilitates a more direct relationship of atomized bodies of rights to the biomedical market. People's life chances and health outcomes are overdetermined by the kind of economic and juridical subjects they are able to become through appeals to the judiciary, government, and research and health industries amid drives for profit and the construction of new market segments. What does the democratization of biotechnological consumption do to political subjectivities and to the idea of social responsibility or care for the Other—the subject whose interest is survival?
What is the relationship between individual bodies and the body politic? What constitutes the "normal" body of the citizen, and does this vary from country to country? What does the foreigner, the non-citizen, reveal about the body of the citizen? Do existing laws and policies differentially shape certain types of bodies and affect genders and races differently? Why does the health of the citizen matter?
Disability and the Normal Body of the CitizenSusan Schweik, Professor, Associate Dean of Arts and Humanities, University of California, Berkeley
In March 1944, researchers at the University of Chicago began infecting volunteer prisoners at the Illinois State Penitentiary at Stateville with a virulent strand of vivax malaria to test the effectiveness and toxicity of potent anti-malarial drugs. Dr. Alf Sven Alving, the principal investigator, would tell the prisoners that malaria "was the number-one medical problem of the war in the Pacific" and that "we were losing far more men to malaria than to enemy bullets," rehearsing one of the productive ways of encouraging human experimentation on prisoners and making willing subjects: these Stateville convicts would regain their humanity and their citizenship by sacrificing their bodies to the war effort. In this essay, I explore how the consent of the Stateville inmates was constructed and compare it to the way in which we fabricate the willingness of soldiers to sacrifice themselves in heroic battle, and, far less dramatically, to the way in which we produce willingness in our everyday lives to accept the daily and banal routines of service, work, family life, and citizenship. Like the prisoners at
Stateville, we are made to feel the need to sacrifice ourselves—to serve, to abide, to agree—through associations of bodily self-sacrifice with fidelity, citizenship, and patriotism.
Making Willing Bodies: Manufacturing Consent Among Prisoners and SoldiersBernard E. Harcourt, Julius Kreeger Professor of Law and Professor of Political Science, University of Chicago
"No person who is diseased, maimed, or deformed so as to be an unsightly or disgusting object shall expose himself to public view." My research on this municipal ordinance (often called the "ugly law"), a 19-century statute adopted in many U.S. cities, showed me the extent to which U.S. immigration law has been ugly law writ large. The body politic of American democratic citizenry binds itself together through an internal logic that, even as it attempts to manage the incorporation of disabled subjects, drives disability down or assumes it away. But it has never done so decisively, and never without contradiction. Native American history gives us an especially valuable frame for thinking through questions of American citizenship and the ways in which it intertwines with disability, since it reveals so clearly the dizzying array of contestations and confusions about who "has" citizenship and what responsibilities the state has to those who do not. This talk will center on a Yavapai man who lived in the late 19th and early 20th century in a vortex of conflict about citizenship: Carlos Montezuma, physician and prominent Native American intellectual, co-founder of the National Society of American Indians, and radical critic of the Bureau of Indian Affairs. I will explore some of the ways in which Montezuma developed not only (shifting) theories of citizenship but also theories of disability based on what he called "the standpoint of actual circumstance," ideas that speak to our understandings of the body of the citizen today.
Advertising, film, television, and the internet have profound impacts on our idea of the "normal" body and how it is or should be treated. What is the media's impact on policy with regard to the body? How does this vary across cultures?
Losing BodiesSusie Orbach, Visiting Professor, Sociology, London School of Economics
As ever more countries enter the global economy, reshaping the body has become the means by which women are encouraged to enter modernity. Once bodies were local, marked by their own local traditions. Today, variety is replaced by uniformity. The formerly plump Miss Nigeria is superseded by a thin westernized version and sets the trend for how contemporary Nigerian women are to look. Encouraged to see the body as a consuming center, a personal logo that signifies our membership of the global community, bodies across the world are being commercialized and restructured. This development means that we are losing bodies as we lose mother tongue languages. Standardization is supplanting diversity as facsimile bodies become the new calling card of belonging and identity.
Indian Cinema and the Beautiful BodySumita S. Chakravarty, Associate Professor of Culture and Media, Eugene Lang College The New School for Liberal Arts
In what ways does a society perceive itself as beautiful? Norms of beauty are inextricably tied to ideas of well-being, virtue, social harmony, and strength (not to mention racial superiority), a kind of triumph of nature and essence over artifice and effort. The role of modern media has been to suture images of physical perfection onto the aspirations of the social or national body, the perfect body and face emblematic of the collective self-image. Yet the beautiful body is also a reminder of (one's own) imperfections, at once a promise and a threat, giving rise to the desire to intervene and reshape one's image. In recent years, under conditions of economic and cultural globalization, the intersections of popular media with discourses of the body beautiful have come under increasing scrutiny. Concerned with the marketing and commodification of body ideals, these studies trace the deleterious effects of media images and discourses in various national and cross-cultural contexts. Taking these studies as my point of departure, my purpose in this essay is to examine Indian society's relationship to body ideals through the lens of popular cinema. Specifically, I am interested in seeing how the centrality of the beautiful face and body as locus of appeal ties in with larger concerns about civilization norms and values. Advancing the notion of the cinema body, my aim is to theorize the historical and cultural dimensions of our understanding of the beautiful.
Moderator: Ann Stoler, Willy Brandt Distinguished University Professor of Anthropology and Historical Studies, The New School for Social Research
2:30-5:30 p.m.
Session II: THE SEXUAL BODYHow do various forces compete to impose their conception of what is "normal" sexual behavior? How do we come to see particular sexual practices as legitimate (or not) and therefore legally acceptable? Cross-cultural comparisons and case studies.
Understandings of gender and the sexual body change. These changes are reflected in art, literature, and myth, as well as in policy. What can the history of discourse about the sexed body contribute to contemporary discussions about policy questions concerning sexuality?
God's Body: Historical Conflicts over the Representation of the Sexual Body of the Hindu God ShivaWendy Doniger, Mircea Eliade Distinguished Service Professor of the History of Religions, University of Chicago Divinity School
A dispute about the symbolism of the lingam (or linga), a cylindrical votary object that represents the Hindu god Shiva, has been going on for many centuries in India: Is its meaning inexorably tied to a particular part of the physical body of the god, or is it abstract, purely spiritual? This essay traces the history of this dispute. Present day Hindu sensibilities about the lingam will be illuminated by a consideration of the historical role of two non-Hindu cultures in India–Muslim and British. Underlying this particular debate is the more general problem of the ambiguity of the symbolism, particularly the religious symbolism, of the body and of forms that represent the body.
Does Sexuality Exist Without the State?Sharon
Marcus, Orlando Harriman Professor of English, Columbia University
Both the state and sexuality have a history, one in which nineteenth-century England has often had an exemplary status. This paper will argue that the very concept of sexuality (to be distinguished both from the body, and from the much larger category of sexual desires, acts, impulses, and identities) implies a debate about control by the state, and thus what should itself be up for discussion: does sexuality exist outside the framework of the state? Does the state create sexuality as a realm divided into permissible and impermissible desires by designating those it cannot or should not control, and those it must constrain or eliminate?
To make this point, I use the case of 19th-century England to explore some of the ways that the state both did and did not control sexuality. By the nineteenth century, British political thought and culture had developed a strong belief in negative liberty and privacy; like most European countries, England had a long history of subordinating women to men and subsuming married adult women into husbands; and it had a complicated legal system that included three systems of law: common, civil, and ecclesiastical. For these reasons and others, many things we now group under the rubric of sexuality went unlegislated, or only became the subject of legislation after great controversy: marital rape, adoption, and sex between women had no legal existence whatsoever; prostitution and sex between adult men and female minors were always vexed areas of regulation; divorce was almost impossible to obtain for much of the century. A whole range of erotic affective relationships, often seen as outside the realm of sexuality per se, went completely unregulated by the law: quasi-marital relationships between women; intense and often highly erotic friendships same-sex friendships. At the same time, the state criminalized gender practices with implied sexual consequences, such as cross-dressing; sexual practices, such as sodomy and gross indecency between men; and visual, dramatic, and textual representations of sex deemed obscene.
The nineteenth century saw a major expansion and redefinition of the state apparatus in England (parliamentary reform, rationalization of the legal system, creation of a new police force) which produced debates about what were appropriate objects of state control. Although Foucault argued that the most powerful forms of controlling sexuality in the nineteenth century were extra-governmental and had to do with norms rather than outright state repression, the state continued to take an active role in deciding which norms and deviations to legalize and which norms and deviations to criminalize. While pointing out this local problem with Foucault's account, I conclude by raising a Foucauldian question: if the concept of sexuality itself is inseparable from the state's power to control or not control it, then is it possible that one way the state controls the body is through the very concept of sexuality? Does the notion of sexuality make the sexual body inseparable from the question of state control, even when what is at stake is a challenge to state control, or the definition of sexuality as that which the state cannot and should not control?
What are the policy implications of the forces shaping contemporary understandings of gender and the male or female body, including feminism, transsexuality, genital mutilation, and debates about gender and biology? Is a gender-neutral legal system possible?
Verdicts of Science, Rulings of Faith: Transgender/Sexuality in Contemporary IranAfsaneh Najmabadi, Francis Lee Higginson Professor of History and of Studies of Women, Gender, and Sexuality, Harvard University
This talk and future paper offer an account of the contemporary diagnostic and treatment procedures of transexuality in Iran, situating the official process in a discursive nexus that is engaged in establishing and securing a distinction between the acceptable "true" transgender/sexual and other categories that might be confused with it, most notably the wholly unacceptable category of the "true" homosexual. In this process, the category of "transgender/sexual" is made legible as an acceptable form of existence by the condensed working of the legal, the Islamic jurisprudential [fiqhi], the bio-medico-psycho-sexological, and the various contingents of the forces of coercion—which we often call "the state." This nexus is well-constituted and authorized by transgender/sexual practices in everyday life, self-definitions, and self-productions.
Securing Gender: States, Bodies, and Identity VerificationPaisley Currah, Associate Professor, Department of Political Science, Brooklyn College, City University of New York (Paper co-authored by Tara Mulqueen)
In prisons, in barracks and militarized spaces, and at the nation's borders,
the body is especially vulnerable to inspection by state actors. Recently, airports have become important sites of identity control, not only for international movement—tourism and migration—but for domestic travel as well. In this paper, we examine how the gendered body is doubly
scrutinized as a verifier of identity and as a potential carrier of weapons. We first look at the U.S. Transportation Security Administration's identity verification procedures and its implementation of body imaging technologies and physical pat downs. For transgender travelers, mismatches between one's identity documents and one's bodily configuration can and has led not only
to "identity impasses" but to perceptions of unexpected or atypical bodies as threats. The image of a watchman state literally scanning and prodding bodies to distinguish individuals and to identify threats appears to capture the reigning motif of the national security state and its heightened attempt to exert sovereign control over individual bodies. Yet, as we suggest in the second part of our paper, the link between identity documents and the bodies they classify is tenuous at best. Indeed, identity documents and gender designations are not unlike forms of currency: identity documents promise a corresponding body in the same way that currency promises material value,
yet neither actually refers to anything wholly tangible. We will conclude by suggesting that the state's "securitization of gender" is better thought through using conceptual tools that center papers over bodies, populations over individuals, and statistics over discrete events.
Race and class are often tied to reproductive rights, access to health care, and sexual violence (e.g. rape, human trafficking). How is the struggle for race and class justice connected to struggles surrounding policies concerning the body?
Body Politic, Bodies ImpoliticCharles W. Mills, John Evans Professor of Moral and Intellectual Philosophy, Northwestern University
Violence and
Humanity: Or, Thinking Vulnerability as Political Subjectivity Anupama Rao, Associate Professor of South Asian History, History Department, Barnard College
My talk and final paper are concerned with the radical transformation in conceptions of caste enabled by India's Constitutional provisions for the abolition of untouchability and for the protection of its most vulnerable victims. Through an exploration of instances of "caste atrocity," including of sexual violence, I explore how laws to protect Dalits, or ex-untouchables, also ironically produce conceptions of vulnerability (and activate memories of historical violence and humiliation). In so doing, my paper addresses the problem of how modern states, especially regimes of historic redress, imagine incomplete or violated bodies and how such vulnerability can in turn function as a form of political subjectivity. Ultimately, the theoretical ambition of this paper is to think through the problematic permeability of "violence" and "the human" in narratives of political-subject formation and to think across discrete trajectories of sex, caste, class, and race in the interest of a truly global account of subaltern humanity.
Who we are, what we do, and with whom affect how sexual behavior is controlled and judged. How does this play out in different cultures and legal systems?
Sexual Orientations, Rights and the Body: Immutability, Essentialism, and NativismEdward Stein, Vice Dean, Professor of Law, and director of the program in Family Law, Policy, and Bioethics at Benjamin N. Cardozo School of Law, Yeshiva University
Both advocates and opponents of lesbian, gay, and bisexual rights (LGB rights) make reference to whether and how sexual orientations are embodied, namely whether one's sexual orientation is innate, unchangeable, or a "natural fact." In particular, in the United States, discussion centers on whether LGB people are "born that way" or "choose" to be gay. In litigation about LGB rights, this discussion connects to the so-called immutability factor in the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution and in similar clauses in state constitutions. My presentation surveys the surrounding conceptual and the legal issues and focuses on how they play out in the context of recent court cases related to marriage for same-sex couples. I argue that in legal as well as political and social contexts, it is a better strategy to focus on justice, equality, and fairness and to avoid biological, psychological, and other scientific issues about how sexual orientations are embodied.
Gender Pluralism: Muslim Southeast Asia Since Early Modern Times Michael G. Peletz, Professor, Department of Anthropology, Emory University
This paper examines three big ideas: difference, legitimacy, and pluralism. Of chief concern is how people construe and deal with variation among fellow human beings. Why under certain circumstances do people embrace or even sanctify differences, or at least begrudgingly tolerate them, and why in other contexts are people less receptive to difference, sometimes overtly hostile to it and bent on its eradication? What are the cultural and political conditions conducive to the positive valorization and acceptance of difference? And, conversely, what conditions undermine or erode such positive views and acceptance? Taking as its point of departure the prevalence of transgendered ritual specialists and the prestige accorded them throughout much of Southeast Asia's history, this paper examines pluralism with respect to gender and sexuality among Southeast Asian Muslims since the early modern era, which historians and anthropologists of the region commonly define as the period extending roughly from the 15th to the 18th centuries.
Moderator: William Hirst, Professor of Psychology, The New School for Social Research
10:00 a.m.-1:00 p.m.Session III: WHO HAS RIGHTS TO THE BODY?
The struggle over control of the body is fierce and sometimes violent, including questions about the beginning, sustaining, and ending of life to ways in which the state and quasi-state agencies can take possession of the body. How do these debates play out in public policy? How do rights—individual human rights and state-granted rights—factor into these struggles? How do these struggles and debates differ between cultures and legal systems?
What factors influence laws governing abortion and reproductive technologies? How does policy vary in different states and cultures?
Regulating the Reproductive Body in ChinaSusan Greenhalgh, Professor of Anthropology, University of California, Irvine
Despite profound economic liberalization, China continues to have one of the most state-centric regimes of reproductive regulation in the world. Drawing on over two decades of field and documentary research in the People's Republic, this paper examines transformations in the politics and policies of population regulation over the decades 1980 to 2010. It argues that the state's strategic aims in managing and optimizing the Chinese population and reproductive body have always been to cultivate a new generation of healthy, well educated, global-quality Chinese who will speed the nation's rise to global prominence. The key debates over the one-child policy—the centerpiece of reproductive regulation—have been largely among population and other scientists; as is common in Leninist systems, ordinary people have had no voice at the policy table. While the world continues to equate China's population politics with the one-child policy, the field of population governance is exploding, adding critical new issue areas, new techniques of governance, and new governors of population and reproduction, from professionals and non-governmental organizations to individuals themselves. Today the state is not so much losing control over the reproductive body as it is selectively delegating particular aspects of reproductive regulation to agents whose hopes, desires, and modes of operation it has already shaped to its own ends.
Reproductive Entanglements: Assistive Reproductive Technologies as Optics for Viewing the Regulation of Child-BearingRayna Rapp, Professor of Anthropology, New York University
The national contexts in which states do and don't legislate assistive reproductive technologies are extremely heterogeneous. Using the many ethnographic reports of anthropologists who have studied them, this presentation surveys the entanglements not only of "the state and the body," but of gender and kinship relations, religion, medical practice, and the globalization of fertility technologies themselves in which regulatory legislation is embedded. At stake are issues not only of reproductive choice and its biosocial limits, but of reproductive stratification, as well.
Who has access to health care? When is ending life justified?
Irony Awaits: Neuroscience, Consciousness, and the Right to DieJoseph Fins, M.D., E. William Davis, Jr. M.D. Professor of Medical Ethics; Chief, Division of Medical Ethics; Professor of Medicine, Public Health, and Medicine in Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medical College
It has been 20 years since the U.S. Supreme Court decision in Cruzan further established a right to die. And like its predecessor case, Quinlan, the basis of this right was predicated upon choice in the face of medical futility. But new neuroimaging findings are suggesting that there are sometimes profound discordances between what is visible at the bedside and what is occurring within the brain, both raising disturbing questions about the right to die and the civil rights of those whose consciousness is obscured by injury. This talk will look at the diagnostic and therapeutic advances in cognitive neuroscience since Cruzan and consider their ethical implications for medicine, the law, and modern society.
Healthcare Reform 2.0Steffie Woolhandler, M.D., M.P.H., Professor of Public Health, CUNY School of Public Health at Hunter College
Under what conditions does the state take possession of the body or tacitly sanction another's taking ownership of an individual's body e.g. military service (both voluntary and forced), quasi-state terrorist organizations, slavery, and imprisonment? How are systems of detention and punishment used to govern both citizens and noncitizens? What forces are at play when the state employs the calculated application of pain or capital punishment?
Torture and Dream of ReasonPaul W. Kahn, Robert W. Winner Professor of Law and the Humanities and Director, Orville H. Schell, Jr. Center for International Human Rights, Yale Law School
The torture prohibition is not just one rule among many. Its status as an absolute prohibition in both domestic and international law suggests that it lies at the very foundation of the rule of law. Yet, the prohibition is oddly discontinuous with other practices of state sanctioned violence. In this talk, I suggest that the prohibition functions as much as symbol as norm. To explain what it symbolizes, I deploy some of the interpretive methodology Freud used to interpret dreams. The torture prohibition is a kind of waking dream. As with other dreams, we must pierce the manifest content to reveal the unconscious thoughts. The meaning of the prohibition, I argue, comes less from a concern about victims than about torturers, for the right to torture was a claim of the sacral monarch. The affective weight of the prohibition emerges from the relationship of law to sovereignty, and the violent, sacrificial demand of even a popular sovereign.
The Problem of the Body in Modern State Punishment David Garland, Professor of Sociology, New York University School of Law
The Deep Time of the DeadThomas Walter Laqueur, Helen Fawcett Professor of History, University of California
Appearing and Disappearing Bodies (Mexico 2010) Claudio Lomnitz, Director, Center for the Study of Race and Ethnicity, Professor, Columbia University
The presentation focuses on the appearance and disappearance of bodies in the public sphere. It focuses on three circumstances: the disappearance of the corpses of victims of current narco violence; the presence of corpses in public space and in the media as a communicative strategy in narco violence; and the disappearance and reintegration of bodies of undocumented migrants and border crossers. An analysis of the interplay between these kinds of situations allows for a discussion of the ways in which the corpse is mobilized to lay claims on the state, and the ways in which it comes to represent the disjunction between state and population—the limits of contemporary governance.
Moderator: Ann Snitow, Associate Professor, Literature and Gender Studies, Eugene Lang College The New School for Liberal Arts
2:30-5:30 p.m.Session IV: BUYING AND SELLING THE BODY
Market forces have profound impacts on our idea of the body and how it is or should be treated. How do these forces operate, and how do they affect legislation with regard to the body? How do these forces differ in different social and cultural contexts? What is the impact of globalization on policy concerning bodies in the marketplace?
What factors are at work in allowing and policing sperm and egg donation, blood donation, organ trade, and market in body parts?
Intimate Markets in Biological SpacesMichele Goodwin, Everett Fraser Professor in Law, University of Minnesota The Body of the Enemy: Organ Theft During Wartime, Conflict and Political ChaosNancy Scheper-Hughes, Chancellor's Professor in Medical Anthropology, University of California, Berkeley; Director, Organs Watch
My presentation will address a public secret: the plunder of the bodies of the "enemy" or the "terrorist" for organs and tissues during times of conflict, warfare, and natural disasters, as an unrecognized crime against humanity. Because allegations of organ theft are so often confounded with urban legends and rumors, they are often quickly dismissed and such abuses allowed to continue. I will briefly highlight three cases of criminal tissue and organs trafficking in which I have been involved providing evidence to authorities: 1) Medical abuses and bio-piracy of the bodies of inmates at the National Asylum for the Mentally Deficient, Colonia Montes de Oca, during and after the Argentine "Dirty War"; 2) Tissue and organ theft and stockpiling following autopsies of dead bodies, including of Palestinian "terrorists" at Abu Kabir, the National Forensic Institute in Tel Aviv beginning in the late 1980s; and 3) Kidnapping, murder, and organs theft of Serbian "enemies" following the Kosovo war (1999-2000) linked to more recent allegations of transplant trafficking at the Medicus Clinic in Pristina (2007-2008). I will identify some of the obstacles to effective interventions and prosecution of these almost unthinkable crimes and the preventive measures that need to be taken.
Who owns our genes? How is biological information controlled and used?
Perversion and Forensic Science: Fraudulent DNA Testimonies and the Danger of Bio BanksRenata Salecl, Centennial Professor of Law, London School of Economics; Senior Research, Institute of Criminology, Faculty of Law, Ljubljana, Slovenia
The fascination with forensic science, the fascination with DNA bio-banks and TV shows like CSI have created the belief that law can always find the criminal and that only a small sample from his or her body is needed to prove whether he or she is guilty or innocent. In the last years, however, a number of cases were discovered where forensic scientists tampered with DNA evidence. Psychoanalysis would question, if in such cases, we might have the problem of dealing with scientists who get particular perverse enjoyment in making "mistakes" in their testimonies. A pervert is not only a person who has found a particular sexual enjoyment (like a voyeur, masochist, sadist or exhibitionist). A pervert might very well be someone who speaks from special position of righteousness. When a forensic scientist goes to the extreme of making false claims about DNA evidence, we need to question what kind of enjoyment he or she has in being a master who (often in the name of morality) can manipulate other people's lives. The question is also why the legal profession has such a hard time questioning expert testimonies and why the public so much believes in the power of DNA.
Deconstructing and Reconstructing the Body in Research: the Different Lives of Specimens and DataPilar Ossorio, Associate Professor of Law and Bioethics, University of Wisconsin Law School
Why and how do different governments respond to the sex trade both within their borders and transnationally? What are the arguments to legalize and regulate prostitution?
States of Contradiction: Ten Ways to Do Nothing About Trafficking While Pretending ToCarole S. Vance, Associate Clinical Professor of Sociomedical Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University
In the past decade, efforts to decriminalize prostitution and approach it through rights and labor frameworks have been increasingly entangled in and undermined by campaigns about "trafficking." This seems counterintuitive, since recent breakthroughs in international law recognize that people can be trafficked into many forms of exploitative labor and that the 'exploitation of prostitution' and prostitution are distinct. The hyperfocus of many states and advocacy groups on trafficking into forced prostitution, however, consistently subverts these gains. The paper examines the methods through which trafficking into forced prostitution is made the central and most alarming type of trafficking. I argue that this preoccupation obscures state responsibility for creating conditions favorable to trafficking, by making non-state actors the chief villains and sex the motive, and leads to policy that is ineffective and reactionary.
New products and technologies are continuously reshaping our conceptions of what is or is not a "normal" body, and their acceptability is governed differently in different countries. What is the role of the pharmaceutical industry concerning the testing and marketing of pharmaceuticals in the U.S. and elsewhere?
Evidence and Insecurity in the Global Clinical TrialAdriana Petryna, Edmund
J. and Louise W. Kahn Term Professor in Anthropology, University of Pennsylvania
The outsourcing and off-shoring of clinical trials have sparked an unprecedented global field of experimental activity. In this talk, I address the scientific and regulatory norms by which this field has taken form. I look into the clinical trials industry and its move to low- and middle-income countries, particularly in eastern Europe and Brazil. Lives and bodies are often precariously tethered to new medical commodities as they enter (via the trial) the value chains of transnational medicine and capital. Transparency is a key problem, and I discuss the politics of creating centralized registries through which the scope of this experimental enterprise might be known. As the pharmaceutical research engine molds itself to international and national regulatory norms, recognition of adverse risk is often deferred or engineered out. I explore policy gaps with respect to how the benefits and insecurities of global experiments are distributed—as well as emergent political practices of accountability and care.
Property, Rights, and the Constitution of Contemporary Indian Biomedicine: Notes from the Gleevec CaseKaushik Sunder Rajan, Associate Professor of Anthropology, University of Chicago
In this paper, I am interested in tracing how intellectual property regimes drive the re-institutionalization of pharmaceutical development in India today in unsettled and contested ways. I draw upon an exemplary case surrounding a patent on the anti-cancer drug Gleevec. I am interested in how this case resolves, in an apparent purification, into technical and constitutional components; how the technical components are entirely unsettled; and how the constitutional components open up questions regarding the relationship between biocapital and issues of constitutionalism, rights, and corporate social responsibility.
Moderator: Katayoun Chamany, Associate Professor, Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Eugene Lang College The New School for Liberal Arts
SUNDAY, FEBRUARY 13, Noon-1:00 p.m.
Metropolitan Musuem Tour: Intersections of the Body and the State Represented in Art
The Metropolitan Museum of Art hosts custom tours of diverse collections. For this conference, Elizabeth Kessler-Dimin of Princeton University will lead at a tour to illustrate how issues of control of the body and self-expression are represented in works of art dating from antiquity to the modern era. The tour will begin in the Greco-Roman galleries, where we will consider the role of the body in conveying democratic ideals. In the ancient Egyptian galleries, the tour will analyze sculptures of the female pharaoh, Hatshepsut, in terms of power and gender. Neoclassical interpretations of the body in painting and sculpture are next. Finally, the tour moves to the galleries of African art to explore use of the body to convey political importance in a modern nsiki power figure. Tickets are $24 ($16 for students with ID) and include general admission to the museum. Call 212.229.5776 x3 to register for the and pay before the conference.


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a blunt way of telling someone they made their story too freakin long... when they add a lot of unneeded info added in once they realize their story only sounded good in their head
talker: "so i went to the store and saw him...blah blah...uneeded info....yadda yadda..so i said hi!"
you: "STORY STAMP" ...geeze!
you: "STORY STAMP" ...geeze!
by yaddamoneyraid03 May 19, 2008
buy the domain for your pet vlog


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He's just too yummy...I mean it's his own fault for making us think the things we think. He shouldn't mind as it is, if I were him I'd love it.DarkMuse wrote:Nikki - I got lost in your siggie after reading your post. Nope. Not a single nice thought is popping into my head.
That does suck about your friend Matt...some people just can't open their minds enough to even give certain things a try. I'm sorry.
I haven't seen License to Wed but I love John Krasinski. He's hot...no where near Rob hot but I'd certainly do him. haha He's cute and funny and that wins my heart right there.


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Reynaldo RodriguezMinnesota Twins
First Baseman | Ht: | Wt:
|Twins | Reynaldo Rodriguez inked by Minnesota
Wed, 21 Dec 2016 21:30:23 -0800
The Minnesota Twins re-signed free-agent 1B Reynaldo Rodriguez to a minor-league contract Wednesday, Dec. 21.
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|| Source: MLB.com
|Twins | Seven players re-signed
Sat, 25 Oct 2014 07:52:03 -0700
The Minnesota Twins have re-signed P Mark Hamburger, P Adrian Salcedo, OF Daniel Ortiz, OF Reynaldo Rodriguez, 1B Michael Gonzales, INF Tony Thomas and C Jairo Rodriguez. Terms of the contracts were not disclosed.
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|| Source: St. Paul Pioneer Press - Mike Berardino
|Twins | Eight signed
Wed, 12 Dec 2012 15:41:00 -0800
The Minnesota Twins signed free-agent OF Brandon Boggs (Pirates), 2B Ray Olmedo (White Sox), RP Bryan Augenstein (Rays), 1B Reynaldo Rodriguez (Red Sox), SP Virgil Vasquez (Angels) and SP Mike O'Connor (Yankees) to minor league deals Wednesday, Dec. 12. Boggs, Olmedo and Augenstein received invites to spring training.
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|| Source: MLB.com - Adam Berry
|Red Sox | Sign Independent Leaguer Rodriguez
Fri, 30 Oct 2009 06:23:01 -0700
WEEI.com's Alex Speier reports the Boston Red Sox signed Golden Baseball League Rookie of the Year 1B Reynaldo Rodriguez. He hit .335 with a .380 OBP and .486 slugging mark while adding six homers, 48 RBIs and 18 steals in 74 games. It's unknown what position he'll play. "He's not a prototypical first baseman. He's kind of lean and wiry. He's just not a big, burly power-hitting first baseman," said Yuma Scorpions president Mike Marshall.
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With corn acres expected to be at record are near-record highs in the Southeast this spring, many growers are fine-tuning their production practices — tweaking things such as plant populations and planting dates — to guarantee the greatest return on their investment.
A study conducted by Auburn University researchers in 2011 and 2012 at the Gulf Coast Research Center in Fairhope, Ala., evaluated the impact of plant population on yield, and the impact of the interaction between plant populations and planting dates on corn yields in non-irrigated conditions.
It's well known that plant population can positively or negatively affect corn yield, but yield potential also can be influenced by planting date, which is strongly linked to the at-planting and in-season weather and climatic conditions.
"When considering management changes, farmers need to keep in mind that the optimum plant population will not only vary between regions of the state, but from season to season, and from field to field on the same farm," according to the research report.
Currently, there is a big push to increase plant population in order to increase production, states the report. However, this change is typically recommended under non‐limiting conditions, such as those with an ample water supply and adequate fertilization.
Corn genetics have evolved to the point to where farmers can delay planting to take advantage of favorable environmental conditions, while maintaining a good insect protection and water-use package.
Researchers say that a combination of the currently available corn hybrids along with a growing knowledge of climate variabilities within regions allow them to investigate how plant populations and/or planting dates should be modified in order to increase production and profitability and reduce potential production risks.
The Fairhope, Ala., research — conducted on Malbis fine sandy loam soils — consisted of four different plant populations of 18,000, 22,000, 26,000, and 30,000 seeds per acre planted at two different times during the growing season: mid‐March (standard date by farmers in the area) and three weeks later.
The corn hybrid planted was Pioneer 31P42 with a relative maturity of 119 days. Experimental plots were four rows wide by 30 feet long with 38-inch row spacing. Plots were fertilized with 150 pounds of urea ammonium nitrate. Yield data was recorded after harvesting the middle two rows of each plot.
Regardless of the plant population and planting dates chosen for the study, corn yield in the 2011 season was lower than in the 2012 season. The year‐to‐year yield changes could be associated with differences in the climatic conditions.
When comparing 2011 and 2012 monthly precipitation and maximum temperature deviations with respect to historic values (1970‐2000), the main differences were observed from May to July which corresponds to the months of flowering and grain filling.
Time of rainfall
Even though precipitation was lower than normal early in the season for both years, the low yields in 2011 could be a consequence, not only of the low precipitation during the flowering period, but also the permanent precipitation deficit and the elevated temperatures throughout the season.
During the 2012 growing season, above-normal precipitation values were observed during the months of May and June, and maximum temperature was below normal for the months of June and July. These specific climatic conditions could favor pollination and grain filling.
According to the research, plant population has a strong effect on final yield, but the interaction between populations and the environment defines final yield.
As plant population increases, competition between plants for resources (light, water, and nutrients) increases.
The 2011 and 2012 growing seasons are good examples of the plant response to the environment, states the report.
During the 2011 growing season, a negative yield trend towards high population was observed with yield decreasing as plant populations increased, and that was independent of the planting date.
The precipitation deficit and the high temperatures observed in the 2011 season strongly affected the high plant population treatments (26,000 and 30,000) compared to the low population treatments (18,000 and 22,000).
Under the 2011 environmental conditions, the best corn production choice was the 22,000 plant population.
In 2011, changes in planting date had an overall impact on yield, but did not influence the yield response to plant population.
Corn planted on the April 12 (three and a half weeks later than the standard planting date) performed better than the standard planting date (March 17) which might be due to the rainfall and temperature observed during flowering.
Corn planted on March 17 received less precipitation during the period of flowering than the crop planted on the April 12.
There was also a sharp increase in maximum temperature after flowering of plants corresponding to the first planting date (March 17) compared to the second planting date which may have affected pollination and grain filling.
The increase in precipitation around mid‐July certainly favored ear development of the plants from the second planting date (April 12) which were harvested at the end of August, compared to the first planting date harvested in the first week of August.
In 2012, yield increased as plant populations increased, but reached a maximum at 26,000 seeds for both planting dates. The positive yield response to increases in planting density could be due to water availability from precipitation during the months of May, June and July.
Although there were yield differences between planting dates for all plant population treatments, the greatest difference was observed for the 26,000 plant population treatment.
Reasons for lower yield
The lack of precipitation and the increase in maximum temperature during the last two weeks of May (flowering period) and the last two weeks of June (grain filling) for the first planting date (March 20) could explain the lower yield associated with the 26,000 plant population treatment compared with the second planting date (April 13).
Determining the economically optimum plant population and planting date combination is influenced by five pieces of information: yield, price of corn, price of seed, variable costs associated with corn production, and climate forecast, according to the report.
Each farming operation is different and producers should use their actual costs of production to make management decisions such as planting date and plant population.
If the corn price increased ($6 or $ 7.75), revenue from corn production covered direct expenses for the delayed planting and lower plant populations (18,000 or 22,000) treatments.
Data from 2011 show that if a dry season is expected, a plant population of 22,000 seeds per acre is the best economical choice for the conditions in Fairhope, Ala., and the estimated cost of production.
In 2012, higher plant populations increased returns over direct expenses independent of the price of corn. The later planting date resulted in higher returns over direct expenses. Higher returns over direct expenses were realized when corn was planted on about April 13, compared with corn planted on March 20.
Based on the conditions in Fairhope in 2012, and the estimated costs of production, a seeding rate of 26,000 seeds per acre planted on about April 13, provided the highest returns over direct expense, regardless of price.
Aside from returns over direct expenses, there are other factors to consider prior to making decisions on planting date.
When the planting of one crop is delayed, it may negatively impact the ability to plant additional crops due to available labor and machinery hours.
Furthermore, delaying planting may negatively impact harvesting of other crops and planting of winter commodity crops or cover crops.
The report recommends that decisions regarding the management of planting dates should be made considering the needs of the entire operation, not just one crop.
"There are financial tradeoffs to all production decisions when considering all crops grown on the operation and the role they each play in the profitability of the operation."
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Lastly, land rent is not considered in the direct expenses due to the variability across operations. This cost should be considered a direct expense and considered as part of the decision-making process.
The overall results from this two-year experiment show that the yield potential of corn grown under multiple plant populations and seeded at two different dates can vary depending on the weather and climate conditions.
Yield and profitability data shows that, under dry conditions, the use of low plant populations, especially 22,000 seeds per acre, may be a good option if planted about the second week of April.
In comparison, if normal precipitation is expected, an increase in plant population will result in higher returns over direct expenses.
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Lamar Literary Festival showcases regional literature Feb. 13-15
In addition to showcasing the works of Lamar faculty and regional authors published through Ink Brush Press, the festival celebrates the launch of Lamar University Press.
"This means something great for the community because it will be a new local source for literature," said Jim Sanderson, writing director at Lamar. "This puts us on the map because regional, small literary presses are all but being wiped out. Most of the university presses in our region are struggling or have already shut down."
But the cause for these closings is not due to a shortage of good writers or quality literature, Sanderson said.
"Many colleges and universities are starting to run more and more as if they are corporate entities, and they are asking the presses to show a profit," he said. "It's very hard for a traditional press to show a profit."
Lamar University Press is not a traditional press, however. Based on a new technology used by Ink Brush Press, books can be printed on demand, eliminating the cost of warehousing books. Instead of succumbing to the expenses of traditional independent publishers, Lamar University Press can eventually pay for itself while publishing quality literature from writers in the region.
Jerry Craven of Jasper, editor of Lamar University Press, is also press director and founder of Ink Brush Press. He has published nearly 30 books since he launched Ink Brush in 2009, including the 2012 issue of Lamar's annual literary magazine Pulse. Ink Brush authors that will read at the Literary Festival include Lamar professors Sanderson and Jerry Bradley. Other featured authors are Terry Dalrymple and Chris Ellery of San Angleo; LU alumnus Palmer Hall of San Antonio; Dave Kuhne of Fort Worth; former Texan Andrew Geyer of Aiken, S.C.; and Jan Seale of McAllen, the current Texas poet laureate, whose short story collection "Appearances" is one of the first publications of Lamar University Press. Lamar English instructor Gretchen Johnson will also read from her short story collection "The Joy of Deception," the second book published by Lamar University Press.
Also reading at the festival are Craven and R.S. Gwynn, professor of English at Lamar.
More information about Ink Brush Press can be found at www.inkbrushpress.com. The John Gray Center is at 855 Jim Gilligan Way in Beaumont.


text: The Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Alabama seeks applications for two tenure-track Assistant Professorships. Candidates must have a Ph.D., a strong commitment to teaching at the undergraduate level, and a plan to develop an active research program. Postdoctoral experience is preferred. Geneticist: One position is for a Geneticist, whose research involves an environmental focus. Duties are to teach Genetics from molecular to population levels at the undergraduate and graduate level, participate in the introductory Biology program, and supervise graduate and undergraduate research. Send curriculum vitae, statements of teaching philosophy and research goals, and names of three references to: Dr. Anne Boettcher, Genetics Search Committee, Department of Biological Sciences, LSCB 124, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688-0002 Mycologist or Phycologist: The other position is for a Mycologist or Phycologist, whose research involves a broad approach ranging from the cellular to the environmental levels. Duties will include classes in non-vascular plants and mycology, participation in the introductory Biology program, and supervision of graduate and undergraduate research. Send curriculum vitae, statement of teaching philosophy and research goals, and names of three references to: Dr. Tim Sherman, Phycology/Mycology Search Committee, Department of Biological Sciences, LSCB 124, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688-0002 The Department of Biological Sciences has 13 full-time faculty and modern facilities. The department has a Master's program. USA has 12,000 students, 8 colleges, many M.S. programs, 5 Ph.D. programs, and includes a comprehensive medical center. The location is a wooded campus in a mild Gulf Coast environment, including nearby extensive, pristine freshwater habitats of the Mobile Delta, as well as estuarine and marine locales. To find more information about the department and university visit:http://www.usouthal.edu/biology/ Application deadline for both positions is: December 3, 1999. AA/EEO/M/F/D -- Dr. Tim Sherman Univ. of South Alabama Dept. Biology, LSB 124 Mobile, AL 36688-0002 Office (334) 460-7529 Fax (334) 414-8220 http://www.usouthal.edu/biology


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Two prior drug convictions mean trouble for John Wesley Goss in his federal drug case.
Goss, of Rockwood, was one of 23 people charged with oxycodone trafficking and money laundering conspiracies earlier this year.
"Deaths are alleged to have resulted from the use of oxycodone in connection with the drug conspiracy," the U.S. Attorney's Office said.
The FBI referred to Goss as the lead defendant in the case.
According to court records, Goss was convicted twice in federal court in the 1990s on drug charges.
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Treating paraneoplastic hypercalcemia in dogs and cats
Cancer accounts for about 50% of all deaths in companion animals more than 10 years of age.1 Cancer-related morbidity and mortality can result not only from neoplastic invasion of vital organs such as the pulmonary parenchyma or liver but also from neoplasm-associated alterations in bodily structure or function that occur distant to the primary tumor and any metastatic lesions. These alterations are classically referred to as paraneoplastic syndromes. Hypercalcemia is a common paraneoplastic syndrome in people and companion animals that frequently contributes to morbidity.2-6 Various tumor-related factors may lead to paraneoplastic hypercalcemia, including the release of humoral peptides, the abnormal expression of membrane-bound ligands, and dysregulated enzymatic pathways responsible for calcium homeostasis.7-9The most common cause of hypercalcemia in companion animals is cancer, with about 45% to 65% of hypercalcemic dogs and 10% to 30% of hypercalcemic cats having underlying neoplasia.7,10-13 The cancers that most frequently lead to paraneoplastic hypercalcemia are T-cell lymphoma and apocrine gland anal sac adenocarcinoma in dogs and lymphoma, bronchogenic carcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma in cats.7,10,14 Given the prevalence of cancer in geriatric pets and the morbidity associated with hypercalcemia, this review focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of paraneoplastic hypercalcemia in dogs and cats.
These mediators exert their biologic activities on three target organs: the kidneys, intestines, and bone matrix. If serum calcium concentrations are decreased, the parathyroid glands secrete PTH to act on 1) the distal renal tubules, causing calcium reabsorption and phosphorus excretion from the kidney; 2) the intestines indirectly through the conversion of calcidiol to highly active calcitriol in the proximal renal tubules, which will increase intestinal absorption of calcium and phosphate; and 3) the bones, either by stimulating the activity of existing bone cells (early effect) or by increasing the number of osteoclasts and their bone resorption activities (late effect) via PTH's effect on osteoblasts.
Conversely, if serum calcium concentrations are elevated, PTH secretion is down-regulated, leading to 1) a net calcium loss through the distal tubules, 2) a reduction in intestinal calcium absorption, and 3) diminished osteoclastic bone resorption. Both PTH and calcitriol promote calcium retention within the body, while calcitonin reduces calcium mobilization from the skeleton chiefly by inhibiting osteoclastic bone resorption.9,15 While PTH has a positive feedback effect on calcitriol synthesis, the main negative feedback mechanisms on calcitriol production are calcitriol itself, as well as hypercalcemia and high phosphorus concentrations.16 Calcitriol also provides a negative feedback effect on PTH secretion.


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SHABBONA – The first meal, which consisted of chicken, cost a quarter.
Of course, that was in 1893. Grover Cleveland was in the White House, there were 44 states in the Union and Charles and Frank Duryea had just built the first gas-propelled automobile in the United States.
Last Thursday, the Shabbona United Church of Christ served its 119th Turkey Dinner, which cost $10 for adults and $5 for children. Other than the change from chicken to turkey, not a lot has changed in the annual fundraiser for the church, which has become a huge community event.
"To have that run of continuity is amazing," church pastor Jim Allen said, adding that some families come from other states to the event, which is always held the week before Thanksgiving. "We are kind of famous for our turkey dinner."
According to Karen Knappmeyer, kitchen co-chairman with Peggy Fitzpatrick, the church served 775 dinners, with approximately 500 carry-outs and the rest who ate in the church basement. Nancy Espe was take-out chairman and Audra Boehne, dinner chairman.
To feed so many, the church used 36 Ho-Ka turkeys – which averaged 25 pounds a bird and were delivered at strategic intervals throughout the four-hour dinner – and 120 donated pies of various kinds.
Knappmeyer said some of the food, like the dressing, had to be made the day before while the carrots, cranberries and gravy were done that day. There were so many pies, she said, the women began slicing them seven hours before the dinner began.
"It's a fun event to help out," Knappmeyer said. "Everyone (in the church) gets involved. ...I am always surprised at the number of people who show up (to help) without being called."
One volunteer, Beth Hanson, said a lot of the volunteers just naturally do the same jobs every year.
"It's such a unifying experience," she said, pointing out that all ages get involved. "You love to see the little ones working with the older ones. They are all working together."
One of the longest-serving volunteers is Joyce Rueff. She has been helping for more than 50 years.
"I started out waiting on tables when I was 12," she said. "I've done about every task there is to do."
Her brother-in-law, Verle Rueff, has been involved almost as long.
"I've been married (to a SUCC member) for 45 years, so that's how long I've been doing this," he said, chuckling. "But it's a lot of fun."
119 years of turkey
SHABBONA – The first meal, which consisted of chicken, cost a quarter.


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Attention AMSAT Volunteers: It is that time of the year again. We need to be sure as many volunteer hours as possible have been reported to the VRS (Volunteer Reporting System) on the AMSAT web site. Over the last few years thousands of dollars of volunteer time have been reported and we are sure this year will be our largest given all the work that has done on Eagle, The new Lab, RideShare, SDR, SDT, and the like. If you are already registered on the VRS site please take a few minutes and report these 2006 hours. If you have not reported before, please visit amsat.org, register, and help us keep track of this important aspect of the AMSAT mission. We'll keep the year open until the middle of January but hope you will take the time within the next couple weeks to update your report. You may combine your efforts for the entire year into one filing if that would make the process more convenient. Looking forward to your reports. Have a great holiday season. Regards, Gunther Meisse W8GSM AMSAT Treasurer _______________________________________________ Sent via email@example.com. Opinions expressed are those of the author. Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program! Subscription settings: http://amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
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NEW YORK (AP) — It's been a tough week to be Ron Johnson.
J.C. Penney's CEO was in the hot seat again on Friday in New York State Supreme Court after facing investors earlier this week over a dismal quarterly earnings performance that marked one year of snowballing losses and sharp sales declines since he came on board.
This time, he was being grilled for four hours by lawyers from rival Macy's Inc. who presented emails that he wrote that they believe illustrate how he plotted to push home diva Martha Stewart to breach an exclusive deal with his rival. They contend he wanted Macy's backed into a corner so Penney would be the sole department store distributor of some of Stewart's goods.
But in cross examination by Penney's attorneys, Johnson, dressed in a dark suit and striped navy tie, rejected their claims and painted a far less devious portrait of himself. He said he just wanted to get a piece of the action while helping the struggling Martha Stewart business grow. And he says that the expanded partnership could be good for everyone, including Macy's.
"Your success is based on a success of a vendor," Johnson testified. "Competition can be your friend."
Penney ended up signing a pact in December 2011 with Martha Stewart Living to open shops at most of its stores in spring 2013. But one month later, Macy's renewed its long-standing exclusive deal until 2018 and then immediately sued Martha Stewart Living and Penney.
The trial, which began Feb. 20, focuses on whether Macy's has the exclusive right to sell some Martha Stewart branded products such as cookware, bedding and bath items.
Macy's is seeking to block Penney from opening Martha Stewart mini shops in its stores. The shops are part of Johnson's plan to reinvent the shopping experience at the beleaguered chain. The stakes are high for all three companies but particularly for Penney.
Penney's shares have now lost nearly 60 percent of their value since early last year when Johnson revealed his plan to scale back most sales in favor of everyday low prices. The stock drop is the latest indictment that Johnson's turnaround is failing Wall Street as much as on Main Street. Johnson is counting on the shops, particularly Martha Stewart's, to bring back shoppers who have fled to rivals like Macy's.
Johnson's appearance comes four days after Macy's CEO Terry Lundgren testified in court that the company had built the Martha Stewart brand to be the biggest name in home items since it began to carry the products in 2007. Having a rival carry similar products would hurt business, he testified.
Martha Stewart, the founder of Martha Stewart Living, is expected to testify Tuesday.
During Johnson's examination Friday, Theodore M. Grossman, an attorney representing Macy's, used a string of emails that Johnson wrote to various people including Bill Ackman, head of Pershing Square Capital Management and Penney board member, Penney executives and others. Grossman's aim appeared to be to show how, since the summer of 2011, Johnson had targeted Martha Stewart because she was the biggest, most recognizable brand in the home business — without any regard to Macy's exclusive agreement that was up for renewal in 2012.
"I need to propose a deal so she (Martha Stewart) can go to Terry Lundgren at Macy's and break the agreement," according to one email Johnson wrote to an Penney executive in August 2011.
In one email that Johnson sent to Ackman on Dec. 7, the day the deal went public, he wrote, "We put Terry in a corner. Normally when that happens and you get someone on the defensive they make bad decisions. This is good."
Johnson, looking tense with his hands clasped, acknowledged that getting a deal with Martha Stewart was critical but stopped short of saying his goal was to break the exclusive agreement. He said he knew there would have to be "an amendment" to a deal between Macy's and Martha Stewart so that Penney could move forward.
Johnson's testimony marks a culmination of a legal battle between the three companies that started shortly after the Penney-Martha Stewart deal was announced on Dec. 7 2011.
Macy's renewed its 2006 pact with Martha Stewart Living in January 2012 but then immediately sued the company, saying it breached a long-standing contract when it penned the 10-year deal with Penney. Penney also invested $38.5 million in a nearly 17 percent stake in Martha Stewart Living.
In a separate lawsuit Macy's sued Penney, claiming it had no regard for the Macy's contract and that Johnson had set out to steal the business that it had worked hard to develop.
The two suits were consolidated for the bench trial. Supreme State Court Judge Jeffrey Oing is presiding over the trial, which is expected to last three weeks.
Penney Co. Inc., based in Plano, Texas, is aiming at what it believes is a loophole in the agreement between Macy's and Martha Stewart. It's a provision that allows Martha Stewart to sell goods in categories like bedding in Martha Stewart Living's own stores.
According to Martha Stewart, because the Macy's agreement doesn't specify that these Martha Stewart stores have to be 'stand-alone' stores, the mini shops within J.C. Penney stores do not fall under the exclusive agreement.
Macy's Inc., based in Cincinnati, disagrees. Lundgren argued that a typical definition of a store is that it has a parking lot, is part of a mall or has a sidewalk in front.


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Bees like Milkweed Flowers
Michael Vanecek
I've been keeping bees with no treatments whatsoever for several years. I've followed a basic philosophy of if the bees don't bring it into the hive then it doesn't get put into the hive with good success. After a life-time of naturalism, this was simply the logical course to take with honeybee husbrandry and proof is out there buzzing and making honey right now.