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|August 29, 2009
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|August 17, 2009
|THE RED SUMMER - PART 3 - tHE VILLAIN IS CAPTURED
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|August 16, 2009
|Egrets on a Fence
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|July 24, 2009
|A Storm on Hunger and Hardship
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I took this photograph of a beautiful blue and black swallowtail flittering about the lantanta growing along the sidewalk of River Walk Park along the banks of the Oconee River in Dublin, Georgia.
THE RED SUMMER - Cheating the Hangman
Part 4 of 4
John Cooper knew that if his client had any chance of being found innocent, he had to put him on the stand to make a statement without any cross examination by the State. Cummings gently walked to the stand to make an unsworn statement to the jury. "Gentlemen of the jury, I am up here before you," Cummings began. "I have always been raised right here in Laurens County and I have never given anybody any trouble in my life," he stated. Cummings told the jurors that the trouble began when Mr. Cannon ran into the rear of Buster Wells' car, though he knew not why. He heard the women in the car screaming and hollering and ran out to see what the commotion was about. "I said what's the matter Buster?" He said, 'This man here run into my car and wants me to pay for it." Cummings further stated that Buster asked him for his opinion on what was the best thing to do about it.
After examining the damages, Cummings remarked that he recommended that Cannon and Wells pay for their own damages. While he was squatting down, Cummings said that Cannon screamed, "You haven't got a God d--ned thing to do with it and if you say another word, I'll kill you!" as he ran his hand into his hip pocket. Cummings said, "I told Buster this is the best idea I can give you about it," to which, he said, Cannon screamed, "Didn't I tell you not to say any more about it you G-d d mned black s.o.b.! I'll blow your brains out!" Cummings contended that Cannon pulled his gun and ran to the house to hide. He said that he sat down and then saw a shot gun mounted on the wall facing the door. He asserted that he walked outside to the garden gate and that was when Cannon fired at him. He shot once as Cannon fired his second volley, striking him with a mortal wound. Cummings concluded his statement by saying, "My mother was living there and myself. The squabbling out there in front of the house about the car is how come I went out there and hearing them women hollering. I am twenty years old."
The State recalled Currington and Sheriff Watson, who offered more testimony about the defendant's statement that Buster Wells had told him to shoot him not in the self defense as Cummings maintained. Not leaving well enough alone, Cooper cross-examined Watson, who expounded even more damaging details of Cummings confession to the popular sheriff.
For its first witness, the defense called Buster Wells, who confirmed Cumming's account that it was Cannon, actually a resident of Wilkinson County, who threatened to kill his friend if he didn't shut up and leave the scene. He testified under direct examination that "Mr. Currington didn't do anything except to say 'Lord have mercy,' just like I did. I was scared. I am scared now. I don't feel good." Recounting his eight-week stay in jail before his trial, Wells commented, "I never had nothing to with the killing, except Mr. Cannon just run his car into mine. I never hurt anybody or shot anybody."
Solicitor Stephens launched an intensive cross examination but failed to get Buster to change his story. To reiterate Cummings defense, Buster was redirected to make out a case for self defense telling Mr. Cannon not to shoot Cummings. In the final moments of the testimony, Wells drastically changed his story by saying, "Mr. Cannon never shot at the defendant until after he got his gun. He throwed up his pistol but never shot him at all." In one final dooming moment, Wells, with no fear of double jeopardy, testified, "Mr. Cannon and myself were adjusting the damages done to our cars. We never invited the defendant or didn't need the defendant to help us to adjust our differences."
Devastated at what had unfolded, defense attorney Cooper rose and stated "The defense rests." Judge Kent called for a recess until 9:00 a.m. when he would entertain requests to charge to jury on the legal elements of the case. Stephens and Cooper, along with their assistants, stayed up most of the night writing out their requests to charge the jury, primarily on the elements of malice murder, manslaughter and self defense.
The court refused to charge the jury on the issue of self-defense, although it was the crux of its case that Cummings killed the defendant in front of his home in defense of his life, the lives of his family and his home, claiming that right under Georgia law. Cooper vehemently objected to the shortness of the charge, one which lasted only three and one half minutes and one which Cooper characterized as the shortest charge on record as it did not cover all phases of the trial, including the defendant's unsworn statement. Judge Kent also refused the defense's request to charge the jury on justifiable homicide. Cooper objected that the court erred when it did not inform the jury that it was the duty of the prosecutor to prove the guilt of the defendant beyond a reasonable doubt. Finally, the defense objected that Judge Kent failed to inform the jury if their verdict was guilty, that they could recommend mercy for the defendant Cummings.
Just before the courthouse clock struck noon, the case was sent to the jury. Cummings was taken back to his segregated cell to anxiously await the jury's verdict. Two hours later, the jurors finished their deliberations and filed, one by one, back into the jury box. Judge Kent asked foreman F.D. Stokes had the jury reached a verdict. Stokes responded affirmatively, "Yes, your honor, we have." "What is your verdict?" the judge asked. "We the jury find the defendant Hubert Cummings is guilty of murder," Stokes announced. A roar of excited satisfaction arose from the crammed courtroom. Cummings slumped into his chair, his face covered by his hands. His momma sobbed. Solicitor Stephens softly smiled as his greeted ol' man Jim Cannon and his family.
Sheriff Watson handcuffed Cummings and escorted him to the bench. In accordance with the verdict of the jury, Judge Kent ordered, "On the first day of December 1919, you Hubert Cummings shall be executed by the sheriff of Laurens County in private. It may be witnessed by the executing officer, a sufficient guard, your relatives and such clergymen and friends as you may desire." Fixing the time of the execution between 10 o'clock a.m. and 2 o'clock p.m. where upon, Kent stated, "You will hanged by the neck until you are dead, may God have mercy on your soul."
John Cooper immediately filed a motion for a new trial on many grounds, but primarily on the refusal of the court to charge the jury on the issues which he submitted. Judge Kent granted the request and set a hearing on the matter at the Johnson County Courthouse on the morning of December 20th. After listening to the attorneys for the state and the defendant, Judge Kent ruled that there were insufficient grounds to grant a new trial, a ruling to which the defense objected. By appealing to the Supreme Court of Georgia, the execution order was effectively stayed until the high court reached a decision on the merits of the appeal.
The winter days passed so, so slowly. Cummings didn't want to die, dreading the day that his fate would be sealed by the Supreme Court. Eventually the stress began to take its toll on the prisoner. Just as a final decision was about to be handed down by the appellate court, Hubert Cummings' health began to rapidly fail. Cummings breathed his last breath in the Laurens County jail on the morning of March 28, 1920, possibly as a result of the flu epidemic which began to wane in the days before his death.
What began on a Sunday afternoon as an innocent fender bender escalated into a series of the most regrettable events in the history of Laurens County. A little girl's plea for a parasol initiated a series of unfortunate events which led to the deaths of four human beings, the wounding of two others and enough tears for several lifetimes. Church bells rang out that Palm Sunday morning. Spring had come and finally, the flowing blood of the Red Summer stopped.
The Villain Is Captured
Part 3 of 4
The Grand Jury of Laurens County met in the courthouse on July 29, 1919 to hear evidence to determine if there was sufficient cause to bind Hubert Cummings over to a trial jury on the charge of murder. Twenty-three men were chosen. They chose W.T. Dupree as their foreman. After listening to the testimony of Buster and Winnie Wells, along with Cleveland Currington and Sheriff Watson, the jury quickly found that on the 15th day of June, Hubert Cummings did unlawfully, feloniously and wilfully and of his malice aforethought, did kill and murder by shooting the thirty-one-year-old Raymond Cannon with a shotgun which he held in his hand and caused a mortal wound of which the said Raymond Cannon died, contrary to the laws of the State, the good order, peace and dignity thereof.
With Cummings still at large, Solicitor-General E.L .Stephens presented his witnesses to the grand jury seeking to charge someone in the murder. Buster Wells was the natural choice. Although never implicated by Currington, Stephens was able to obtain an indictment for murder from the sympathetic jury.
In one of the speediest trials in Laurens County's history, Buster Wells stood before a jury of all white males in racially charged times. All white juries rarely acquitted black defendants when charged with a felony against whites. Realizing that his mortal fate was imminent, Buster began to uncontrollably sob as the jury returned in just a few minutes and the jury foreman stated, "We find the defendant, Buster Wells, not guilty."
Sheriff Watson quietly kept an eye out for Hubert Cummings. He obtained information that Cummings was continuing to correspond with his family while in hiding. He intercepted several of the letters, tracing them to Welsh, West Virginia. He contacted Sheriff S.A. Daniel, who picked up Cummings, a.k.a. Will Roach, and held him until Watson arrived.
Watson found Cummings in the jail when he arrived. When he got to the depot, he observed nearly five hundred black workers standing outside the depot building until the train arrived.
While in West Virginia, it was reported that Cummings confessed to his crime by admitting he shot a man in Georgia with a shotgun, a fact that was never released to the public. Although Cummings told the sheriff little about the details of the alleged murder, he did start trying to exculpate himself to a reporter for the Macon Telegraph by blaming the whole unfortunate event upon the acquitted Buster Wells.
"I wrote home to some friends a couple of weeks ago. That letter caused my arrest," Cummings stated. Steadfastly proclaiming his innocence, he told the newsman that he begged Sheriff Watson to try him immediately. Watson still feared that lynchers were tying their knots, but more importantly to him, he feared that Cummings would attempt and be successful in escaping his grasp one more time.
Charlie Stinson, M.B. Singleton and Lee Fordham traveled on a car of the M.D. & S. Railroad to see for themselves the accused killer of their friend. Singleton stated that Cummings talked freely of the case and was anxious to come back to Dublin for a trial. To make things a lot simpler for everyone involved, Hubert Cummings was kept in the safe company of the Bibb County jail in Macon until his trial, which was set for early November in the Laurens County Courthouse, a venue which the defense attorney strenuously objected to as being prejudicial to the rights of Cummings to a fair trial.
On November 4, 1919 in the second week of the October term of Laurens County Superior Court, the case of the State of Georgia vs. Hubert Cummings (Case # 2265) was called for trial by Judge John Luther Kent, of Wrightsville. Solicitor-general E.L. Stephens announced ready for the state. John R. Cooper, representing Cummings, reluctantly announced ready.
The courtroom was packed for one of the greatest spectacles the twenty-three-year-old building had ever seen. The weather was fair, cool and foggy as spectators arrived early Tuesday morning at the doors waiting for a prime seat, not taken by members of Cannon's family, other members of the bar and privileged guests.
Forty-four jurors appeared before the court for voir dire. Ben F. Currie was the first to be selected. N.G. Bartlett, I.H. Payne, and J.N. Dixon were excused due to their kinship to the parties or witnesses in the case. C.H. Johnson, W.F. Towson, J.T. Blackshear, H.M. Livingston and A.S. Pritchett filled out the first row of the jury box. J.D. Chambers joined B.O. Rogers, W.L. Herndon, J.E. Johnson and W.D. Dixon on the back row. F.D. Stokes, the jury's foreman, took the last seat.
Cummings nudged Cooper's arm as juror W.F. Towson came up for examination. Towson testified that he had met Cummings on a prior occasion some five years earlier. Although he didn't remember the details, he did recall that the meeting had something to do with some chickens he sold to a Negro named Holliman. Towson, who lived not too far from Thomas Crossroads, denied under intense questioning from defense attorney Cooper that he had ever had a conversation with the defendant, recalling that he did know his brother Virgil, but Hubert would have been a little boy at the time. The solicitor's objection to Cooper's line of questioning was designed to show Towson's bias against his client was sustained.
Cooper put Cummings on the stand for the limited purpose of controverting Towson's testimony. As a witness in own defense Cummings testified, "He come over there and questioned me about some chickens Ira Holliman had and if he ever caught me on his premises again he would send me to the chain gang. I knew him personally at the time. He stayed just above Midville Church."
Towson was recalled to the stand. He couldn't remember having such a conversation with Cummings, but even if he did, he stated, "I would not hold it against him at all. My mind is perfectly impartial between the State and the accused." Judge Kent ruled that Towson was competent to hear the case by overruling the defense's objection that by seating Towson, the defendant would have been deprived of his right to life and liberty contrary to the due process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution. (Editor's note: W.F. Towson was the father of William Malcom Towson, a future judge of Laurens County Superior Court.)
The examination of potential jurors went on long after the sun set at 5:40. After a short supper break, the trial began at seven o'clock and continued until late in the foggy night. Cleveland Currington took the stand and told his eyewitness version of the events of June 15th. He stuck to his story that Cummings initiated the conflict after the matter of damages had been settled between Cannon and Buster Wells. Despite Cooper's attempts to controvert his damning testimony, Currington told the jury that he saw Cummings kill his friend Cannon with a single blast of his shot gun.
Sheriff Lester Watson took the stand next, mainly to testify about his attempt to capture the fleeing suspect in Laurens County and throughout the Southeast and some nine hundred to a thousand miles away in West Virginia. The State, presenting only the sole testimony of the friend and employer of the deceased Raymond Cannon, then rested its case.
Photo of Sugar, a former pound puppy, who is not dead, but is taking a nap underneath a cool fan on a hot summer day.
THE RED SUMMER - The Dying Continues
Part 2 of 4
Cleveland Butler was sleeping in his own bed after a long day of toiling in the chalk mines in Twiggs County. Butler, described by some as "a strange Negro," was spotted earlier in the day by a quartet of men who decided he resembled Cummings. They skulked around the mines long enough to discover that Butler went home to sleep. Messers Tharpe, Griffin, Myers and an unknown fourth assailant went to Butler's shack and found him asleep in the bed. After calling out to Butler twice, the men decided that their man must be preparing to shoot them first. They peered through the coverings of the house, found Butler, and launched a massive volley of buckshot into the sleeping quarters. The mortal wound tore away portions of Butler's jaw, chin, teeth and tongue.
The bounty hunters took their prized catch to Sheriff Griffin at the jail in Jeffersonville. The sheriff refused to take the badly bleeding man, insisting that they take him to a hospital immediately. Griffin told them if he was indeed the man they were looking for and that he should be taken to the jail in Macon, which they did. Again, the Bibb County sheriff turned them away and instructed them to take their victim to the hospital in Macon, where he died within a few minutes of his arrival.
Sheriff Griffin immediately notified Laurens County Deputy Sheriff Watson, who gathered a party of men who knew Hubert Cummings. They rode by train to Macon to examine the corpse of the man who was said to have been the killer of Raymond Cannon. For ten minutes, the squad examined the body and found that Butler did indeed bear a strong resemblance to Cummings, but that he was much lighter in color and had a scar on his face, which the suspect did not have. When officials examined Butler's pockets, they found that he was a twenty four years old, who was recently discharged from the Army. Inside his coat pocket was his last pay envelope from his employer, the American Clay Company. His father, J.D. Butler of Eastman, Georgia, was summoned to confirm the identity of the deceased, who was taken by train for interment in Eastman.
Like all of the other events in this remarkable story, law enforcement officials were subjected to an disturbing dilemma. The posse which attempted the citizen's arrest was illegally organized and was totally without authority to apprehend Butler or anyone else for that matter. The Macon News carried a story which stated that Butler was shot while attempting to resist a presumed lawful arrest. Apparently, the white killers were never indicted for their actions in the murder of the innocent man in another in the series of unfortunate events.
That summer was called the " Red Summer." Though times in Laurens County were relatively quiet, race riots across the South and across the nation were escalating. Lynching and antiblack violent attacks were as numerous as they had been since the infancy of the Ku Klux Klan. Though a wave of fear spread throughout the Bailey and Burgamy Districts where the descendants of former slaves lived in abundance, tempers appeared to have cooled, or at least for a little while
After three weeks, tempers were still running high in Burgamy's District. The July sun seared the Sunday (July 6, 1919) afternoon air. After the boiling sun set, temperatures fell just as the tempers of the local began to boil. Six angry white men went to the home of Bob Ashley. George and Clyde Green, sons of Luther Green and Mary Jane Payne Green, joined John Payne, Jr., Landers Cannon, Cleve Bright and Robert Rozier. The Greens were still enraged after the death of their first cousin, Raymond Cannon. In their minds, they knew that Hubert Cummings was hiding inside the home of Bob Ashley, not too far from the home of Raymond Cannon.
George Green went to the front door and called out to Ashley. According to those on the outside, Bob Ashley fired at Green, striking him with a fatal shot. It was only then that the remaining men began firing at the Ashley house. Ashley's wife told a contrasting story. Mrs. Ashley maintained that Green bammed on the door demanding that her husband open his store and serve the men some cold soda water. Ashley told the men it was too late in the evening, but the men insisted, threatening to come in after him. Ashley pleaded with the men not to come in his house, insisting that his wife was sick. According to Mrs. Ashley, the sextette began relentlessly firing, riddling the house with bullets. Ashley attempted to shoot back. He crawled to the table where he kept his pistol, crawled back to the door, fired twice and struck George Green, who died within a half hour. Sometime during the ruckus, Clyde Green was shot, possibly by the unintended fire of his fellow assailants. The Greens were taken to the former home of Raymond Cannon, which seemed to become the headquarters of the movement to capture Hubert Cummings. Ashley, known to be a good man without any fear, was struck in the head and fell into unconsciousness.
The next morning investigators found many bullets inside the house and only two outside the house, a finding which tended to substantiate Ashley's story. They also found Ashley's shotgun, with cobwebs in its muzzle, in its usual place in the corner of his bedroom.
No warrants were issued. The situation was quiet. Sheriff Watson was cautiously optimistic since there was no evidence of any race riots. Nearly every adult black male in the area spent that night in the swamp, fearing that the white men were going to clear out the entire lot of them.
Deputy Sheriff Ashley traveled out to the scene of the shooting with physicians to determine Ashley's condition, one which was thought to have been grave. Before Ashley and the doctors could see Ashley, Ashley's friends took him, with a bullet hole in his head, into the swamp. Just before they reached the cover of the tree line, they panicked and dumped a nude Ashley into a fence corner to face all alone the scavenging and biting varmints of the darkness after the waxing gibbous moon set just after midnight.
Although Ashley had laid out all night, his head bleeding profusely, he was surprisingly able to speak the next morning when found by physicians, who immediately moved him to Dublin for better treatment in the Laurens County jail.
Sheriff Watson praised the people of the county for being a better class of people than others, but prepared for the worse by asking the Dublin Guards, under the command of Captain Lewis Cleveland Pope, to stand guard around the courthouse square to protect Ashley from vengeful lynchers. Rumors were flying that the blacks of the county had met and were about to launch an insurrection. Those rumors proved to be unfounded. After four days, the Guards were withdrawn and no attempt was ever made to lynch Ashley, whom doctors found through x-rays had several broken bones in his skull and was too ill to be moved.
Luther Green went to the office of Solicitor EL Stephens, Sr. and asked him to seek an indictment against Bob Ashley for the murder of his son George. Stephens presented testimony from Sam Rozier, R.H. Rozier, Emmet Rozier, E.E. Clark along with the testimony of Deputy Sheriff L.F. Watson and Dr. H.L. Montford, who examined Green's corpse. Based on the testimony of Sheriff Watson that more bullets were found inside of the Ashley house and only two outside, grand jury foreman W.T. Dupree announced that the no bill of indictment would be issued for the murder of George J. Green by Bob Ashley.
Hubert Cummings
A Series of Unfortunate Events
Part 1 of 4
Little Miss Mary Stanley forgot her parasol as she was headed to church on a lazy Sunday summer afternoon. Mary never dreamed that her one moment of innocent forgetfulness would indirectly lead to the deaths of four men and the serious maiming of another. It all started at one of the most historic intersections in Laurens County. It ended on a hard bunk in a cold cell of the dank Laurens County jail.
The scene is Thomas Cross Roads, one of Laurens County's most ancient landmarks. This is the place where the red men greeted each other as they trekked along their ancient paths. This is the place where the Blue and the Gray stopped as they were looking for the fleeing Confederate President Jefferson Davis or where General Joseph Wheeler brought his 10,000 man cavalry force in an attempt to thwart the villainous General William T. Sherman's 60,000 man right wing as it cut a devastating swath through Middle Georgia. This is the place where the venerable Governor and U.S. Senator, George M. Troup, maintained a small plantation, not too distant from where Laurens County's government began in 1808. None of these historical facts seemed to matter to the people who gathered there on that faithful Sabbath afternoon.
Buster Wells and his wife Winnie were heading toward late afternoon church services on the afternoon of June 15, 1919. It was a beautiful fair late spring Sunday afternoon. Their daughter and her friend were driving down the Old Macon Road when Mary noticed that she had left her parasol. The little girl asked Buster to stop his car at the home of Mrs. Alice Carswell, the mother of one Herbert Cummings, and some four and one half miles from the Wells place. Wells stopped his Overland car. After the girls warned him that cars were coming down the road behind him, Buster immediately pulled off to the right shoulder of the road as close as he could to the slope of a four-foot-high embankment. Wells parked just beyond the yard gate, leaving plenty enough room, or so he thought, for cars to pass by.
Tailing just behind the Wells family was one Raymond Cannon, son of James N. "Mr. Jim" Cannon, a prominent area farmer and his wife, the former Miss Mollie Green. Cleveland Currington, a twenty-four-year-old married sharecropping farmer working for Cannon, was driving his Maxwell car on the way to see Charlie Stinson. Though he couldn't recall why he going there, ol' Cleveland did seem to vividly remember in exacting detail all of the events of the afternoon, which contrasted starkly from Buster Well's account. "I saw Mr. Cannon, who I knew, coming down the road when he saw Buster Wells pull out in front of Cannon's stripped down Ford automobile. I don't know exactly where he was going," he remembered as they left the Cannon home. Currington recalled that he was traveling about 15 to 20 miles an hour about a quarter of a mile from the crossroads when he saw that Cannon's car was about sixty feet away from Well's car.
All of sudden Wells began to back up, a move which ended in a rear end collision. He distinctly remembered that Well's car was not on the side of the road as Wells had said but definitely in the dried mud ruts in the center of the narrow road some 50 to 60 yards ahead of Cannon on a slightly uphill grade. Currington was able to pass Wells on the right but Cannon tried to stop and couldn't. After skidding about thirty feet, Cannon's car collided with Well's automobile, which according to the witness had backed up some thirty feet and was still backing up upon impact with Cannon's car. The sole white observer of the collision opined that no one could have avoided the collision when Wells was backing up as he did. He saw no evidence that Cannon was driving recklessly, although he did admit that
both he and Cannon liked to take an occasional drink of moonshine when the notion came over them.
Raymond E. Cannon was a veteran of the late war. The resident of Rt. 2, Montrose was inducted into the U.S. Army on July 17, 1918. He served at Camp Greenleaf at Fort Oglethorpe in northwest Georgia until August 22nd, when he was transferred to the U.S. Army Hospital # 1 in New York, where he was discharged on February 28, 1919.
Cannon, agitated and aggravated, got out of his car and sprinted toward the Well's car. Cannon's car was slightly damaged, suffering a bent radiator. The men quietly and peaceably assessed the slight damages and came to an amicable settlement. That's when all Hell broke lose.
Hubert Cummings was visiting his mother at her Route # 4 home when he heard a loud noise. He sprang to his feet and ran to see what the matter was. Witnesses to the event told the happenings which followed differently. Currington said Cummings came out and told Wells "you don't pay him a damn cent, it wasn't your fault. Cannon told Cummings to hush, telling him that he had no business in the matter. Then Cummings ran back into the house. He appeared a few moments later brandishing a single barrel shot gun. Currington clearly remembered the alleged assailant standing in a garden before Cummings dashed toward the scene of the collision, aimed his gun at Cannon, and screamed "Now, God d..n you, make me hush!" Cannon turned to see the barrel of Cumming's gun pointed straight at him. Buster Wells slowly backed away, not wanting to alarm either one of the
combatants, who were standing just beyond the garden in the middle of the road.
Cummings fired. Cannon, a fine physical specimen, was thirty one years old and
weighed about 145 pounds. He died almost instantly from the wounds to his breast and face, but not before he managed to pull his pistol, its trigger guard broken from the impact of the buck shot, from his pocket and get off a futile shot at his assailant. The girls screamed. Buster tried to comfort them, knowing that Cummings was not going to shoot them and it was all over, or so it seemed. After the commotion subsided, Cleveland Currington picked up the pistol, which wound up at the home of Cannon's father though Currington denied under oath that he took it there.
Realizing that his friend was dead, Currington sped to the Cannon home to tell his family what had happened. Cummings, fearing for his life, set out toward the nearby Chappell's Mill pond. The Cannons took their son's body for burial in lower Wilkinson County in the old family cemetery on the place of his great granddaddy, ol' man Eason Green. Sometime later after his death, the State of Georgia marked his grave with a marker indicating that he was a member of the 157th Depot Brigade.
All night and throughout the next day, some two hundred or so of Cannon's armed neighbors and friends frantically searched Burgamy's District for the suspected murderer. Cummings later stated that he ran back into the house and met Buster Wells in the back yard. From there, Hubert said that he rode with Buster to his house. Cummings left on Monday night, with a small stipend from Buster in his pocket. Somehow, he managed to escape and found his way to Lyons, Georgia.
A reward of $1,000.00 was posted for the capture of Hubert Cummings. Half of the money was put up by the family and friends of Raymond Cannon. The other half came from the State of Georgia. An all points lookout was placed for Cummings, who was described as six feet tall and weighing 175 pounds. He was described as large muscled with a ginger brown complexion with a slight tinge of red. Cummings wore a size 10-11 shoe and could be further identified by a gold crowned tooth on the right side of his mouth and having a small scar under one eye.
The following Friday, Cummings boarded a train for Millen eluding the reward seekers. From there, he made his way to New Orleans, LA, Mascot, TN., Lynch, KY. to West Virginia, where, under the assumed name of Will Roach, he was helping to sink a shaft for a mine. Meanwhile, Buster Wells was taken to jail and charged with conspiracy in the murder of Raymond Cannon.
The Death of Officer George Crawford
"Moonshine kills," or so they used to say. Prohibitionists believed that it was a spirit brewed by the Devil himself. Poisoned swigs often killed their consumers. In the spring of 1921, the Devil's brew led to the deaths of three people, two of the men made it, and one of tried to stop them and wipe away the demon rum from the face of the Earth, or at least from Laurens County.
George Crawford was a law man. He was a son of a lawman. His daddy, a county sheriff, was slain while attempting to apprehend a prisoner. Before this day, May 21, 1921, was over, George too would take his last breath in the performance of his duty.
Folks in Laurens County who obeyed the law and what the Bible told them so had no taste for moonshine or any other spiritous liquors. Whiskey making was illegal in Laurens County and in the entire country under the eighteenth amendment to the United States Constitution.
Laurens County's commissioners hired their own policeman to enforce the state law against moonshining. Sometimes these officers conducted raids in conjunction with state and federal officers. This time, county policeman George Crawford and his deputy, E.M. Osborn, set off to look for a still, which they believed was operated by one Math Holsey or his daddy, ol' man Green Holsey, way down in the lower extremities of Burch's District.
When the officers approached the back door of the Holsey's shanty of a house, they were greeted by the old man's wife and daughter. Crawford told the old woman that they were there to raid the place. Mrs. Holsey reached for a cow hide-bottomed chair, picked it up, and tried to smash it across the soft side of Crawford's skull.
Crawford and Osborn knocked the woman to the ground and ran down the hall, which extended the entire length of the dog trot shack up to the front door.
Ol' man Holsey burst into the breeze way brandishing a shotgun. Crawford instinctively wrestled hm to the ground and took his gun. Osborn, out of the corner of his best eye, noticed the senior Holsey reaching behind a crookedly hung picture frame and pull out an object. At first, he did know exactly what the old man had in his hand. He was about to found out soon, and frighteningly soon.
Crawford and Holsey fiercely fought for control of the weapon. Deputy Osborn ran around to the other side of the scrum and beckoned to George, "What's he got George?" Crawford screamed out, "He's got a gun!"
Osborn then turned and noticed Math Holsey, the old man's son, standing in the middle of the dim hallway. Just as the officer noticed the younger Holsey, the miscreant bootlegger raised his rifle and fired a single and instantly fatal round into the body of policeman Crawford, who loosened his grip on his opponent and fell backward to the floor.
Green Holsey righted himself and took his aim at Osborn, who was standing some two or three feet away. The deputy quickly turned and shot point blank first, just as he was trained to do, instantly killing the old man, who was by then six feet away. Math winced and started toward the front door. As Holsey ran, the deputy fired two more shots, both of which he believed to be fatal. It was determined later that two of the deputy's bullets had lodged in Holsey's hip and calf. Osborn quickly returned to his comrade to render aid. "George was still breathing, but he never spoke and he died in two or three minutes," Osborn recalled.
Deputy Osborn sprinted across the field to find deputies Art Sapp and John Renfroe, who were raiding yet another still. The three law enforcement officers returned to the house and the yard to look for any signs of Math Holsey or drops of his blood trailing toward the woods. Math Holsey had vanished. Only a pool of blood confirmed Osborn's belief that his shots had indeed been mortal.
The officers found a phone at a nearby house and sent out a distress call and a summons for a posse. They placed a similar call to the sheriff in Alamo, some ten air line miles closer than the courthouse in Dublin.
Tracking bloodhounds searched the piney woods and oaky swamps in hopes of finding the fleeing felon. Not a hint of Holsey's location was found until the posse appeared at home of Holsey's brother. There, some two miles away from Math's house, the searchers found still another pool of Matt's rapidly diminishing blood supply. A little girl confirmed that a bleeding man had been in the house and that he had fled into the nearby brush. The dogs were put back on the trail and found Holsey in short order.
While the dogs held the fugitive at bay, Deputy Sheriff Singleton apprehended Holsey, urging him to surrender. And, it appeared that he did give himself up. Singleton promised Math that he would not hurt him. Math sat down in apparent submission. All of a sudden, Math drew his rifle and began firing at Singleton.
Instantly a massive volley of rifle and shotgun fire of the posse struck Math. In the ensuing few minutes, Holsey's already dead body was so badly riddled with bullets that it was difficult to move him in one piece. Math Holsey's shattered and broken corpse was returned to the scene of the crime, where it was unceremoniously dumped beside the decaying cadaver of his death father, just where he had fallen earlier in the day.
Crawford, described as a fearless officer, had been a Laurens County policeman for two years. This acclamation was attested to by the fact that during the entire clash with Green Holsey that he did not draw his gun, not once. When the morticians were preparing his body for the funeral, they found Crawford's leather billy still secured in his pocket.
George Crawford was known to have been a policeman who fervently sought out makers of illegal moonshine. It cost him his life and the eternal misery of his widow, his eight children and a host of friends. But, no murder of a law enforcement officer would stop the fight to end crimes, whenever and wherever they occur. The county commissioners recognized the magnitude of the moonshine problem. So, they appointed not one, but two, officers to carry on the battle. Within two weeks of George Crawford's tragic death in the performance of his duty, Judson L. Jackson and J.K. Rowland stepped in and picked up the torch of justice to carry on the fight the rid the county of the evil demon rum.
A Storm on Hunger and Hardship
A Storm on Hunger and Hardship
The cicada symphony crescendoes. Thunder rolls from east to west. Fireflies flitter about the dusk signaling the menacing tempest. Across the swamp, lighting breaks the fading rays of the setting sun. Ole Mr. Raccoon, who earlier was skulking around the cherry laurels, has found sanctuary in the hollow of a decaying water oak. As the darkness envelopes the entire sky, even the fireflies are seeking shelter from the trickle. The cool zephyrs sway the canopy of ancient pines and fragrant magnolias. The lightning frolics with the Devil. The booming thunder bellows in tune. Behind the clouds hides the trembling crescent moon. Raindrops drip down from the leaves. Slowly at first, then in steady streams. Saturating the summer scorched sands. The tumult retreats to the south. The echoes of thunder wane. And, the bullfrogs croak once again. The freshet quenches the Earth's thirst. The creatures of Hunger and Hardship settle down for the night. and sleep in solace 'til the rosy dawn's first light. Scott B. Thompson, Sr. July 24, 2009
The cicada symphony crescendoes.
Thunder rolls from east to west.
Fireflies flitter about the dusk signaling the menacing tempest.
Across the swamp, lighting breaks the fading rays of the setting sun.
Ole Mr. Raccoon, who earlier was skulking around the cherry laurels,
has found sanctuary in the hollow of a decaying water oak.
As the darkness envelopes the entire sky,
even the fireflies are seeking shelter from the trickle.
The cool zephyrs sway the canopy of ancient pines and fragrant magnolias.
The lightning frolics with the Devil.
The booming thunder bellows in tune.
Behind the clouds hides the trembling crescent moon.
Raindrops drip down from the leaves.
Slowly at first, then in steady streams.
Saturating the summer scorched sands.
The tumult retreats to the south.
The echoes of thunder wane.
And, the bullfrogs croak once again.
The freshet quenches the Earth's thirst.
The creatures of Hunger and Hardship settle down for the night.
and sleep in solace 'til the rosy dawn's first light.
Scott B. Thompson, Sr.
July 24, 2009


text:
8/05/2009 1:39am, #1
Arturo Gatti: Badass of the Month August 2009
On July 11, 2009, Canadian/Italian boxer Arturo Gatti was found dead in a hotel room in Ipojuca, Pernambuco, Brazil. His estranged wife Amanda Rodrigues was first arrested for his murder and then released. The Brazilian police deemed Gattis death a suicide, though blood was found on the strap of his wifes purse and she could not explain how she spent ten hours in a hotel room with a corpse without noticing. Gattis family has requested a second autopsy. Doubtlessly, there will soon be un-disprovable allegations of spousal abuse (Gatti was charged with assaulting Rodrigues in March 2009). Doubtlessly, the truth of all this will never be known. This article is not about the circumstances of his death, but of his life.
I come today not to bury Arturo Thunder Gatti, but to praise him.
For everyone who loves a sport, there are a few rare and precious moments of awe that burst without warning into what starts out as an ordinary contest. They are different for everyone. For me, those moments include watching Roger Clemens throw fastballs so powerful that I cringed from my seat in my living room; Secretariats unbelievable drive in the first quarter of the first turn of the Preakness passing the entire field like the other horses were standing still; watching Stephen Hendry shoot a perfect snooker game in the World Championship and sitting, open-mouthed and humbled, as Arturo Gatti and Mickey Ward faced off in their final fight.
Gatti and Ward fought three times. I have seen and loved all three fights, but it is Gatti-Ward 3, fought June 7, 2003 that is seared in my mind. I cannot say that it was a beautiful fight both men were punchers in the old style, taking many, many hits (Gatti always looked like a side of meat at the end of his fights).
Unlovely, imperfect, yet that match was gorgeous to behold. The sheer heart of each man blazed like fire. I remember turning to my father during a break in the fight, almost weeping (as I am now) and saying These men are WARRIORS. Ward was magnificent, refusing to give in to the hammering he was taking. Gatti fought from the fourth round onward with a broken hand. Let me repeat that:
In the fourth round of the fight, Arturo Gatti broke his right hand. He fought six more rounds, getting knocked down (and nearly out) in the sixth just at the bell, then rallying and winning a unanimous decision. At the end of the fight, as they had before, both fighters embraced in the ring, and it was clear that they loved and respected each other. They were gracious and classy towards each other. They acted as men, and as fighters, should.
It is from that fight that my impressions of Gatti were formed. I obviously do not claim I knew the man, and I was hardly shocked to discover he had been accused of assaulting his girlfriend earlier this year. But in the extremity of the ring, he fought his best without hating, demeaning or mocking his opponent. That is indicative of something decent in a boxer, obscured by human nature as it might inevitably be.
He was obviously far from a perfect human being. In 2000, he faced off with former world champion Joey Gamache. Gatti fought in multiple weight classes over his career, from super feather weight at the beginning to welterweight at the end. In this match, fought as a lightweight, Gatti won by a knockout in round two. A lawsuit by Gamache's handlers claimed Gatti had gained 19 pounds between weigh-in and the fight. Gamache never fought for a title again, and alleged in the lawsuit that Gatti had caused him to become brain damaged. If that is true, its sickening to think it was a deliberate action, and totally at odds with my personal impressions. I have no idea of the truth in this case; I must reserve my judgment. The lawsuit sounds plausible, but I have not heard the defense of the claim and I will neither condemn nor exonerate anyone without evidence.
That was in the past by the time Gatti and Ward fought their third and final time (Ward retiring after the fight). Less than a year later, Gatti had recovered from his broken hand and defeated Gianluca Branco of Italy for the vacant WBC junior welterweight title. Watching his post Ward fights, I was astonished by Gatti again.
His style had clearly been that of a natural puncher, absorbing a lot of damage to deal as many punches as possible (hence, the face like a pug dog and the raw meat look he always sported at the end of a bout). But after Ward, I saw a puncher who had turned himself into a boxer, patiently waiting for his openings, calmly distracting opponents with his front hand to slam a cross in behind when their vision was obscured. As always, his heart and courage were there. This was a man who simply refused to fall.
In 2004, Gatti fought the unbeaten former world champion Leonard Dorin, and dropped him with a single body shot. Anyone who boxes knows how hard that is to do, how much punishment a human can take and still stand. Gatti's second defense of his WBC title came against former world junior lightweight champion Jesse James Leija, in 2005; the fight ended in a fifth round knockout for Gatti.
Then came Mayweather in June 2005. To say Gatti was overmatched is an understatement. Mayweather destroyed him, ironically with body shots, and Gattis side threw in the towel. That was the beginning of the end for Gatti, though he did take the empty IBA Welterweight title in 2006. But he was knocked out in his next fight, and switched trainers to his old opponent and friend Mickey Ward.
His comeback fight in 2007 also ended in a knockout, and that was that. Arturo Gatti retired from boxing at the age of 35. He had fought 49 times, with 40 wins (31 by KO) . A rumored second comeback in 2008 never happened. Now, in 2009, he is dead, possibly murdered, possibly a suicide. An ignominious end for a man who inspired at least me to remember that boxing is called the sweet science for a reason.
Arturo Gatti was not a great boxer, nor great man. He was flawed, and unpredictable and human, with all the baggage that entails.
But he absolutely inarguably had courage. He was a skilled and ruthless fighter, and at least later in his career a gracious opponent. I am not one to hero worship athletes as so many people do, nor live vicariously through them, nor support anyone based simply on which country they came from. But Arturo Gatti made me proud that he called himself a Canadian.
Rest in Peace, Arturo Thunder Gatti, Bullshido Badass of the Month, August 2009.Monkey Ninjas! Attack!
8/05/2009 6:36am, #2
Excellent tribute. Well done, you.
FWIW, Mickey Ward sustained permanent Double Vison against Arturo hence Mickey's forced Retirement.
RIP Arturo.
This week's Boxing News (UK):
Last edited by Eddie Hardon; 8/05/2009 9:36am at .
8/05/2009 7:08am, #3
- Join Date
- May 2003
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Gatti was an exciting fighter who had a lot of heart in the ring. It was sad to see him go.
8/05/2009 8:00am, #4
Great write up!! Arturo was the real life Rocky...RIP
8/05/2009 10:53am, #5
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Bullshido's pretty much one of the few mma sites that considers boxers fighters instead of the usual mma vs boxing cesspool, great write up JKDChick. :/ Really sad about what happened to Gatti
8/05/2009 3:13pm, #6
I'm going to belt out a war cry right now, at work, to honor the man.
Incredible tribute.
8/05/2009 6:30pm, #7
Thank you all. I hope I didn't come across as trying to white wash Gatti, since I think he probably did engage in the underhanded weight gain alleged of him.
I just loved the way the man boxed, and treated Ward at least. I wish more of the UFC guys would act like him.
Edits made for spelling errors.Monkey Ninjas! Attack!
8/05/2009 8:13pm, #8
one of my favourite all time fighters. the gatti-ward fight blew my mind. i might go watch it for the 10th time.
8/05/2009 10:04pm, #9
Seems like he was kind of a loser in real life, but in the ring he was awesome.
8/05/2009 10:35pm, #10
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- Edmonton, Alberta
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Great tribute JKDchick. I thought it was well writ.

subset: commoncrawl


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Discussion papers are archived in the regular volume of GCD and receive a DOI. The short comments, referee comments, editor comments, and author comments posted in the interactive discussion of the papers are archived in a supplement with pagination, which allows citation of every individual interactive comment but avoids their indexing in scientific publication databases.
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In 2010 I sat on a panel speaking about BDSM 101 on Stockholm Pride. It was an interesting experience, as it always is, because at that point, I had only recently started talking about kink in a public setting. Explaining what you do and why to people who perhaps have never heard of practices such as BDSM is a great thing to do, because it makes you understand it more for yourself as well as challenges you to pronounce things more clearly.
A year later at Pride 2011 there was a lot of focus on rope-bondage, mainly because I have managed to put all of my fingers in the pie. Esinem travelled from the UK to present and talk in different classes, and all were very well attended. During one of these classes I got to meet someone who I will call the Doctor.
We met up again later that week, and ended up talking a whole afternoon and evening, with a lot of wine and sushi involved. Thirsty was there to. It became clear that the Doctor had heard me speak in 2010 and had started to piece together what his interests were and then had decided to come to the bondage workshop this year. We spoke about everything and anything, but mostly kink, and especially DS. Later Thirsty confessed that he had felt like armcandy and liked it. That night, we ended up sitting at cliffs overlooking the whole of Stockholm, as it was lit by night. The sea looked like black oil, we made out, abused Thristy, a group of 16 year old's asked if we were having a threesome and we could not really answer anything else but yes. After having failed on finding ourselves a hotel room; first checking up hotels online and then calling them in the middle of the night was probably not a good way of trying… we said our goodbyes. Another night was already on the cards as all of us had the same town as base. So when I headed down for a quick visit to south of Sweden, me and the Doctor planned in another night just the two of us. It started with Thai food, we picked up rope and toys and then headed to his place. There he corked up the champagne, and true to his specific brand of hedonism, strawberries. Talking, laughing and flirting was very soon followed by making out. The rope came out of the bag and the second time he ever tied someone, he did it again so well that he spaced me out. This is rather special, as it is very few people who have the ability to do this at all and most of the time, they are fairly experienced with rope. This is not so much about their technical capabilities, but rather about the joint notion of their desire, their way of tying and their confidence. In this case, with The Doctor, it was about the way he moved and his closeness and intensity that made us connect on a whole different level.
Another thing which was very interesting was to experience his exploration of dominance. As a bottom, he shines very strong, basking in the stimuli, and reacts to it very strongly, holding nothing back, a twitchy plaything that enjoys every second of what he is getting. But as a but as a dom, he is almost like a scientist: a special tone of voice, a distant, almost frightening presence. When he found my evil hitty schtick he did not use for pain, but to point and prod, to control my body, to place it in positions he deemed beautiful. As he studies the body his knowledge of it is very precise, and as one of those who get off on expertise, it has been rather remarkable to hear this man talking about the vulnerability of the skin. This has happened on several occasions, using Thirsty as an anatomical doll for example, writing with a sharpie, pointing and prodding, speaking about every little detail, those details that makes it so much more scary when pressing against the vulnerable skin. The man is certainly learning at the speed of light. And I'm looking forward to much more fun to be had. Especially since he is a bi switch, who loves rope and thinks every day should come with champagne.


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A Durango woman who was run over while she was cycling by a woman in her 60s driving a pickup two months ago in Bodo Industrial Park is making a slow but steady recovery in Denver.
Elizabeth Betsy Richards, 52, has undergone 13 surgeries requiring her to be anesthetized 20 hours to treat critical injuries, including a crushed pelvis.
During a phone interview this week, she said she feels lucky to be alive but unlucky to have been hit by a truck.
I would say it was more of a bad day than a good day, she said. What a weird thing to have happen to me.
Richards was run over by a 2007 Toyota Tundra driven by Linda Wagner, 64, of Bayfield, at 10:30 a.m. Nov. 8 near the north entrance of the Centennial Center.
Richards was riding a road bike southbound on the West Frontage Road when Wagner made a left turn in her northbound Toyota from the Frontage Road into a parking lot without seeing Richards.
I dont remember much, but all of a sudden, I woke up, and I was in the (intensive-care unit), Richards said. I remember the very beginning. I remember I was going to get hit by a truck.
The pickup pushed Richards onto the hood. She then fell to the pavement and was run over by both tires on the drivers side of the pickup, police said.
It still just blows me away, Richards said. It was in the middle of the day. I was like: How could this truck possibly not see me? I remember that thought going through my brain.
The driver was cited with careless driving causing serious bodily injury. She did not return a phone call Tuesday seeking comment.
Richards was flown to St. Anthony Hospital in Lakewood with a shattered pelvis, a torn bladder, a crushed right wrist and nerve damage to her left foot.
A surgeon who specializes in pelvic reconstruction said he had never worked on someone who survived such extensive pelvic damage, Richards said.
She spent five weeks in the hospital. She now is living with her mother in Denver. She hasnt been back to Durango since the accident because she must use a wheelchair and her house is not wheelchair-accessible, she said.
Doctors said it will be four more months before Richards can put enough weight on her hips to walk, but she is hoping it will be sooner.
Shes very upbeat and very motivated to get healed, said her husband, Joel Richards. Shes going to the gym every day for about two hours a day and trying to get back together. Her spirits are great.
Betsy Richards said she hasnt had any contact with the driver of the truck.
I dont harbor any anger of anything, she said. Im just moving on. Its not pleasant for me, but this is where Im at.
Richards is an amateur cyclist and a member of the Durango Wheel Club. She has competed in several competitions, including the Iron Horse Bicycle Classic, in which she took first place in her age division a couple years ago.
She recently founded Bucket List Bicycle Tours, a bicycle touring company, which she plans to start up again this spring.
She thanked the community for its support.
Durango has just been awesome to me, she said. Cards, flowers just the mental support has been amazing to me.


text:
This week in Island history
The news of 10 and 15 years ago is from the Jamestown Press. The news of 100 years ago came from the collection of the Newport Historical Society.
100 years ago From the Newport Daily News, November 15, 1907
Men are at work setting out trees, under the direction of the Improvement Society, on both sides of Narragansett avenue, from the foot of Greene lane east.
From the Newport Daily News, November 17, 1907
The work of re-shingling the east roof of St. Matthew's Church will be completed today.
From the Newport Daily News, November 18, 1907
A juvenile football team from Newport, styling themselves the Atlantics, came to the island Saturday to play the team of the local grammar school, and were defeated by a score of 20 to 0. The local players were slightly heavier and also played a better game.
75 years ago From the Newport Daily News, November 14, 1932
The annual meeting of the Directors' Board of the Philomenian Library Association was held Saturday evening. … Each member present was asked to present a list of books they would like to have purchased this year.
From the Newport Daily News, November 15, 1932
The State Board of Public Roads has placed guide posts along Narragansett avenue, from East to the West Ferry, stating that "George Washington traveled along this highway." The posts have a figure representing Washington on horseback.
50 years ago From the Newport Daily News, November 12, 1957
Gov. Dennis J. Roberts has renewed his backing of the proposed Jamestown oil refinery while announcing the state will engage an expert to protect against possible water and air pollution.
From the Newport Daily News, November 15, 1957
A misunderstanding as to the amount actually available in the $6,000 allocation of funds for the Recreation Board was cleared up by the Jamestown Town Council last night. The Council agreed that the full appropriation of $6,000 be used for the program and the difference in question, $2,480, be placed on the deficit budget for the next financial meeting.
The resolution (at the Jamestown Town Council meeting) pointed out that "the investment by each bank (Industrial National Bank and the Rhode Island Trust Co.) of $1,000,000 is a very substantial and real contribution toward improving industry in Rhode Island by creating job opportunities for people and improving the standard of living of our citizens."
A proposal to acquire government-owned Dutch Island for a private home and for cattle raising was before the Jamestown Town Council last night. As a result, the town's attorney was instructed to take whatever action possible to return the island once owned by the town to the town tax rolls.
From the Newport Daily News, November 16, 1957
The Jamestown Bridge Commission reduced bridge indebtedness by $105,000 last year, bringing it down to $691,000. … The Rhode Island Development Council … requested 3,500 copies of the fishing map of Jamestown for distribution at travel shows.
25 years ago From the Newport Daily News, November 16, 1982
The Town Council has reached no decision on joining a state committee to plan the route of the connector road between the Jamestown and Newport Bridges.
From the Newport Daily News, November 17, 1982
The deadline for the town to apply for excess federal land at Beavertail has been extended to Jan. 15.
The School Board Advisory Committee presented three alternatives for roof repairs to the School Committee Tuesday night. … Alternative 1 would cost about $4.50 a square foot. Alternative 2, about $4.90 a square foot and Alternative 3. $1.50 a square foot. Alternatives 1 and 2 have a 20-year life expectancy; Alternative 3 would be good for about 5 years. Total costs range from $65,000 to more than $200,000.
15 years ago From the Jamestown Press, November 12, 1992
Town officials will consider having two polling places on the island for elections in the future. … The town now has only one polling place. Last Tuesday, 83 percent of the town's 3,618 registered voters went to to cast their ballots on eight voting machines at the Community Center. Voters on average spent two hours inside the building waiting to enter a booth, according to poll workers.
Work on the cross-island connector road went out to bid last Thursday and those bids received are expected to be opened Dec. 4.
Members of the newly created Senior Center Siting Committee were given the oath of office at Monday's Town Council meeting.
10 years ago From the Jamestown Press, November 13, 1997
The Town Council Monday voted unanimously to establish a Highway Barn Committee to determine the site, size, basic layout, and maximum space needed for a new highway equipment garage.
Some 20 residents decided to take history into their own hands and agreed to form the Friends of the Conanicut Island Battery, a group organized specifically to restore and preserve the Conanicut Island Battery, a Revolutionary War fortification constructed in 1776.


text:
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- The flash drive reinvented for your phone, tablet and computer
- Wirelessly save and access your photos, videos and files
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text:
No meaningful gun reform will be legislated. There are too many issues involved: tax revenue, jobs and campaign contributions. If so, innovations will be marketed to convert standard guns into banned weapons.
No meaningful gun reform will be legislated. There are too many issues involved: tax revenue, jobs and campaign contributions. If so, innovations will be marketed to convert standard guns into banned weapons.
The best school security is a camera surveillance system outside and inside the building, with doors controlled from the monitoring room. There should be no routine process in an emergency.
All actions should be coordinated from the control room, where what is occurring throughout the premises can be observed, whether the problem is a fire, an intruder or other emergency. Staff and students can then be better guided to safety.
Guards, armed or not, are a distraction from the learning process. A recent photo in the Record showed a guard inside a school directing the movement of students. What does that signify to the students as to the authority and competence of the teaching staff?
Milton Richter
A recent letter writer noted how the Bushmaster rifle was made only for killing people and not for any varmints, deer or bear in the woods. This is completely wrong about the Bushmaster.
It is a versatile, lightweight hunting rifle, widely used for varmints and other game in the fields and woods. It is also used in competitive shooting and for target practice.
The use of the term "assault weapon" is to drum up hysteria among the ignorant and stupid. They don't want to focus on the real problem for these mass shootings and urban mayhem — mental illness and criminal activity.
But you won't read or see on television any lengthy stories on these issues, just a love fest for Obama. To these all-knowing, thoughtful do-gooders, the law-abiding citizens' Second Amendment right to own guns is the problem.
I urge all gun owners to read the new law this disgraceful state Legislature and governor passed. All gun owners may be surprised and should be worried about what can happen to them and their right to keep and bear arms in New York.
Jim Avery
White Sulphur Springs
I believe there are some individuals who were issued permits to carry firearms that should never have been issued.
To obtain a permit, one must fill out an application and obtain three character references. The references obtained may be someone one works with or someone whom one may have done work for or someone who was a friend of the family. But did the applicant really know this person? Did he really know his or her background? Was he ever on drugs or alcohol? Can he hold his temper?
The application then goes to a judge, who makes the final decision. He may look at it and see one of the references as an old colleague and think if he signed this it must be good. I'm not saying this is true, but it could happen.
If references and investigations were conducted the way state police do for new employees, there would be no problem.
I myself had a federal firearm license. They do a real background check (no stone unturned).
Ken Curry


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Common Core rejected by Manchester in favor of developing own academic standardsBy TED SIEFER
New Hampshire Union Leader
October 16. 2013 10:57PM
MANCHESTER — The Board of School Committee voted Wednesday to have the district develop its own "Manchester Academic Standards," following months of debate over the adoption of the Common Core standards.
The city-based standards were proposed by Superintendent Debra Livingston following months of acrimonious debate over the national standards.
Under her proposal, the Common Core State Standards would serve as the "floor" for the development of the city standards, which would take place over the school year and would make use of several sources.
"The Manchester academic standards would be our star," she said.
The 13-1 vote came after nearly two hours of public comments from opponents and, in lesser numbers, supporters of the standards.
Mayor Ted Gatsas said he strongly supported the development of city-based standards, after he did not get satisfactory answers about Common Core and its implementation.
"I'm sure Manchester students will learn by Manchester standards, which will be the highest in the state, because everyone in the state will want to follow them," Gatsas said.
Opponents of the Common Core standards, which have been adopted in more than 40 states, have argued that they would undermine local control and that they rely on unsound principles.
Ward 4 School Board member Roy Shoults, who has been highly critical of Common Core, reacted enthusiastically to Livingston's proposal.
He asked Livingston, "Voting for Manchester academic standards, does that mean 100 percent local control?"
Livingston replied, "That is correct, with also the understanding we can't start at ground zero. We need to look at what we currently have, what Common Core offers, the standards in Massachusetts... Let's collect the best."
Chris Stewart, Ward 3, was the only board member to vote against Livingston's proposal. He noted that Common Core was recently endorsed by the Business and Industry Association of New Hampshire, and he said he didn't think the district had the resources to develop its own standards.
The district has already spent $80,000 on developing new curriculum guides over the summer that were designed to align the curriculum with Common Core. It appears changes that were adopted by teachers based on these guides this school year will continue for the time being.
The state will be implementing a new assessment test based on Common Core in the spring of 2015. The board voted to back the superintendent's recommendation to consider at a later point whether to adopt the test or seek a waiver.


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Main Site - :: Why Won't God Heal Amputees? ::
I disagree with your depiction of God using words like extermination, as if God is evil and His purposes are not good. From my point of view it lowers the accountability of human beings at that time. I believe they were accountable for their sins and yes it even affected their children, who were killed along with their parents in a few cases. If God were true, then it makes sense to me that He has every right to take away the lives that He gave in the first place. For His purposes. It may be entirely possible that those children were given eternal life.


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Goodbye 2011. You have been a great year. Hello 2012. Are you going to be as fun as last one?
Jan 03, 2012 | Categories: Creative Thoughts | Tags: 2012, new year, resolution | Leave A Comment »
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Want to go rambling but don't want to look a complete nerd? Fred Perry may just have the answer with its latest outdoor collection. The two men's Authentic jackets are the Lowland Parka and Pursuit Jacket – and they look pretty good.
Inspired by the hardwearing utility styles worn by British ramblers, the Lowland Parka is a 250g combed cotton canvas jacket with a brushed tartan lining to add comfort and warmth and a 3 piece peaked topped hiking hood. Fastening with branded corozo buttons and hiking laces, this durable rambling jacket has two large bellowed pockets with antique gold eyelets.
Other features include a 3 piece square raglan sleeve which has an adjustable cuff with storm gusset insert, more antique gold eyelets this time for underarm ventilation and an external waist drawstring for improved ease when adjusting. Available in Olympian blue, the jacket is completed with a leather patch featuring Fred Perry's signature Laurel Wreath embroidery.
The 210gm cotton twill Pursuit Jacket also looks towards traditional rambling attire. The designers have used a very gentle peached finish to emphasise the natural feel of the jacket which is also lined with a brushed tartan lining, to keep you warm in the Autumn and Winter seasons, and a low tech performance treatment to ensure it is shower proof.
This rich cotton Pursuit Jacket has also been given a utility edge with multiple pockets including two map pockets on the chest which close with antique brass snap fastenings. Hiking laces which are usually found on trekking boots have been used as draw cords and combined with brown leather stoppers to create adjustable drawstrings which sit at the hood and inside hem, giving added shape and definition. The jacket available in Port and Dark Carbon has also been finished with Laurel Wreath embroidery at the chest.
Both jackets are available now at www.fredperry.com/men/british-
See gallery below for more images.


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Here�s a little piece of American history for everyone. This Sunday, Oct. 28, marks the 126th anniversary of the Statue of Liberty�s dedication. To be perfectly honest, I won�t be thinking much about Lady Liberty on Sunday, but I will be thinking about my dad, Jim Dickson, who celebrates his 80th birthday that day.
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Here�s a little piece of American history for everyone. This Sunday, Oct. 28, marks the 126th anniversary of the Statue of Liberty�s dedication.
To be perfectly honest, I won�t be thinking much about Lady Liberty on Sunday, but I will be thinking about my dad, Jim Dickson, who celebrates his 80th birthday that day.
I get a little emotional when I think about Dad. His health is declining and I�m not sure how many more birthdays he�ll have with us. Dad was my first coach and, along with my mom, has been my biggest fan and supporter.
It seems like only yesterday that Dad was sitting in Jack Foster Stadium watching my Gulf Breeze team pick up our sixth win of the 1974 season to become the first winning football team in the school�s then five-year history.
Way back then, even when I wasn�t on the team, my parents made the trips from Gulf Breeze to Niceville, Baker, Crestview, DeFuniak Springs, Jay and whatever other little Northwest Florida community that had the bright lights of football Fridays in the fall when the Dolphins played.
The relationship Dad and I share is not much different from millions of other father-son relationships from the 1960s and 1970s. Just as dads in Crestview, Baker and Laurel Hill coached their sons� youth league baseball, basketball or football teams, Dad coached me in the finer points of the games we both loved.
Dad wasn�t just my coach. He was the coach of hundreds of boys through the years. Occasionally, I�ll still have an old friend mention the time they played for my dad.
As is often the case with 50-something men, most don�t remember specific strategies or fundamentals he coached, but rather we recall that he cared and he gave of himself as he invested in their life.
Dad taught me many of life�s lessons on a baseball diamond or old asphalt basketball court. He was a stickler for fundamentals like catching a baseball with two hands and the old two-hand set shot in basketball.
He didn�t go much for showboating. And he believed you didn�t need talent to hustle. Dad could tell how hard someone hustled by the grass stains on their baseball uniform or the floor burns they got while going for a loose basketball.
Sundays in the fall were my favorite day when, after church, we would watch the New Orleans Saints play football. Being good Baptists, we usually left for evening services before the second game was over, but that was OK, too.
We watched college football together, too, but back in the day before cable TV, our team, the Tennessee Volunteers, was on just a couple of times a year so we had to make the most of those moments.
The lessons Dad taught me about sports were important, but they pale in comparison to the lessons he taught me about faith and life. Dad knew it was more important for me to be a good Christian and a good man than to be a good athlete. As he turns 80, he is still leading the way in those all-important areas of life.
The passing of years is part of life � and all of us must eventually say our earthly good-byes to those we love.
A selfish part of me would love to turn back the clock to when I was in my late teens and Dad was in his mid-40s so we could enjoy those special moments that only fathers and sons share. Deep down, though, I know that is foolish thinking, as the richness of the passing years have brought a depth to our relationship neither of us could understand in 1976 or 1977.
Yes, my dad will be 80 on Sunday and I wish I could be with him and my mom in DeLand to help celebrate his big day.
Nevertheless, every day in our relationship, we celebrate that special bond that will forever unite us.
Randy Dickson is the Crestview News Bulletin�s sports editor. Email him at email@example.com, tweet him @BigRandle, or call 682-6524.


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Are Cameron Diaz and Jason Segel an item?
Not really. The two are just friends who can't share a meal together without rousing suspicion that they're romantically involved.
The "Bad Teacher" costars were spotted having a friendly meal in East Hampton, N.Y., on Tuesday night and, naturally, it led to dating rumors.
PHOTOS: Celebrity splits of 2013
"They were at [upscale eatery] Nick and Toni's and seemed to be on a date," according to Life & Style magazine.
The actors were also seen shopping at the Citarella food market together too! Someone call the minister!
"They bought groceries and then drove off together," according to the mag's source, an eyewitness on Instagram.
While we'd love to go along with this potential couple of appropriately proportional heights, E! News reports that Diaz, 40, and Segel, 33, are just friends. She's in New York filming "The Other Woman" with Kate Upton and Leslie Mann.
PHOTOS: 50 most beautiful female celebrities
The were "not romantic at all towards each other, very casual and friendly," a source told the site.
Segel reportedly broke up with actress Michelle Williams in February after almost a year of dating. But he has already been linked to Serbian Australian actress Bojana Novakovic, according to E! News.
However, the "Something About Mary" actress and the "How I Met Your Mother" star will be playing a married couple who try to track down a homemade porno of themselves in the upcoming comedy "Sex Tape."
"Sex Tape" also stars Jack Black and Rob Corddry and is due out next summer.
Kelly Clarkson's wedding is no more; she'll elope with family
'Prison Break's' Wentworth Miller is gay, protesting Russian laws
Toni Braxton's wardrobe malfunction draws cheers, laughs from fans
Follow Ministry of Gossip @LATcelebs.
PHOTOS: Celebrity portraits by The Times
PHOTOS: Royal visit to New Zealand and Australia
PHOTOS: 2013 Victoria's Secret Fashion Show


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Project Description
The University of Kansas (KU), BEREXO Inc., Bittersweet Energy Inc., Kansas Geological Survey, and the Kansas State University evaluated potential CO2 storage sites, including saline aquifers and depleted oil reservoirs, within the Ozark Plateau Aquifer System (OPAS) in south-central Kansas. The study focused on the Wellington Field, with an evaluation of the CO2-enhanced oil recovery (EOR) potential of its Mississippian chert reservoir and the storage potential in the underlying Cambro-Ordovician Arbuckle Group saline reservoir. A larger study of the saline reservoir was undertaken over a 33 county area in south-central Kansas to evaluate regional CO2 storage potential. Additionally, the EOR potential of the Chester and Marrow Sandstone reservoirs is being evaluated. This study integrated well data, seismic, geologic, and engineering approaches to evaluate CO2 storage potential. The project estimated the CO2 storage potential of multiple formations by constructing integrated geological models followed by reservoir simulation studies. The effort collected available data, drilled and logged three new wells through the Arbuckle Group, cored a portion of the injection and confining zones, and performed chemical and physical analyses on the samples. Analysis of the geochemistry of formation fluids was conducted, and a simulation of fluid flow and geochemical interactions was performed.
Project Benefits
The overall effort provides insight into the potential for geologic formations across the United States to safely and permanently store CO2. The data is helping DOE efforts to refine a national assessment of CO2 storage resources in deep geologic formations. The modeling results from this research effort can be used to help predict the fate and transport of CO2 under an injection scenario and refine overall storage capacity within the Arbuckle formation in Kansas. Additionally, the results from this study help to determine if CO2 EOR is economical for this region. The data gathered as part of this research effort is being shared with the Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnership's (RCSP) Southwest Regional Partnership (SWP), integrated into the National Carbon Sequestration Database and Geographic Information System (NATCARB), and utilized for the Carbon Sequestration Atlas of the United States and Canada.
Contact Information
Click to view Presentations, Papers, and Publications


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5 U.S. Code § 8914 - Effect of other statutes
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§ 8914.
Effect of other statutes
Any provision of law outside of this chapter which provides coverage or any other benefit under this chapter to any individuals who (based on their being employed by an entity other than the Government) would not otherwise be eligible for any such coverage or benefit shall not apply with respect to any individual appointed, transferred, or otherwise commencing that type of employment on or after October 1, 1988.
(Added Pub. L. 100–238, title I, § 108(a)(3)(A), Jan. 8, 1988, 101 Stat. 1747.)
LII has no control over and does not endorse any external Internet site that contains links to or references LII.


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Results 1 to 6 of 6
- Join Date
- Oct 2016
- Posts
- 136
What are the pain points in existing Equity Crowdfunding Platforms?
As for me, this is the most important question today. Getting quality deal flow is the main problem. It is very competitive getting quality listings as there are many groups looking to manage quality investment offerings. But what else?
- Join Date
- Mar 2017
- Posts
- 19
Hi, John!
I believe you have addressed a very broad issue. As regards to the point you raised, getting high quality investment opportunities is a challenge for most equity crowdfunding platforms. Since such form of financing is not even close to mainstream for start-ups as well as SMEs, most platforms in many cases are like ''lenders of last resort''. VCs are the first ones getting the highest quality deals.
- Join Date
- Jun 2017
- Location
- Roswell
- Posts
- 50
For me, I see the lack of participation and the minimum sizes of each platform's user base as the biggest pain points for crowdfunding platforms.
Which leads to the second pain point that is the education of the crowd about the availability of this method because an uninformed crowd doesn't know that they can create equity crowdfunding campaigns to raise funds for their projects or that they can invest in private equity deals, so all platforms suffer from these two. As the industry matures both these pain points will be addressed to a certain extent, and new ones will emerge.
Additionally, government regulatory bodies restricting access across the globe, have been slowing down the global proliferation of equity crowdfunding and access cross borders, so platforms that want to operate and grow on a global scale have been handicapped.
It's a good post to make it clear and find out pros and cons.
I think that the first disadvantage is the high failure rate of the companies that seek investments. Another is the lack of liquidity with the multi-year time horizon. While these risks are common to all angel investing and venture capital investing and not specific to equity crowdfunding, the fact that equity crowdfunding is now open to more investors makes these risks much more present. This indicates the need to educate investors of these risks and the need to diversify investments in early stage companies.
But still the Equity Crowdfunding platforms are attractive for private small investments.
- Join Date
- Jun 2017
- Location
- Boca Raton
- Posts
- 51
Getting quality deal flow. It is very competitive getting quality listings as there are many groups looking to manage quality investment offerings.
Another pain point is having funds to keep the legal and admin resources etc to keep the platform and its offerings compliant
Handholding is another pain point. The smaller the raise the more handholding on average. This can be costly.
Yesterday, 12:46 PM #6
- Join Date
- Oct 2018
- Posts
- 5
From an investor perspective, my main concerns revolve around fraud risk and lack of transparency.


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Medical school donates unused science equipment to public schoolsUniversity of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa
Director of Communications, Office of Dean of Medicine
Dr. Rachel Boulay, (808) 692-0986
Assistant Professor, Cardiovascular Research Center
A great teacher can ignite a passion for learning, but a student's interest in science might wither without the modern, sophisticated and costly equipment that allows a true revelation to occur. We're talking about compounding microscopes that allow Baldwin High students to examine tissues and bacteria at a cellular level, laboratory benches eagerly accepted by Nānākuli High School on O`ahu's Leeward Coast, beakers and other glassware for Kea`au and Pahoa high schools on Hawai`i Island, and much, much more.
"The equipment and supplies were in excellent condition and of such high quality that we at the high school level probably could never afford to purchase them," said teacher Amy Ancheta of Maui's Baldwin High. "These pieces of equipment and supplies will benefit a wide range of students to experience hands-on, dynamic, real science."
The John A. Burns School of Medicine (JABSOM), through a creative initiative led by the medical school's Center for Cardiovascular Research, has donated thousands of dollars worth of science equipment to 13 public schools on four islands.
For the past three years, the Center for Cardiovascular Research has offered a professional development program for public school science teachers, showing them the latest techniques in sessions within JABSOM's advanced medical research laboratories. The teachers took the knowledge they acquired back to their classrooms, but while she was teaching the teachers, JABSOM Assistant Professor Dr. Rachel Boulay learned something, too.
"We found that many of the schools didn't have basic supplies and equipment," said Dr. Boulay. She began to work with the facilities staff at JABSOM to coordinate donations from retired or displaced researchers who were willing to donate unneccessary supplies or equipment. She also tapped colleagues at Kapi`olani Community College to get involved.
"This partnership between high schools and the University of Hawai'i made it possible for 13 public high schools to benefit from the science equipment this last year alone," said Dr. Boulay. "As the demand for STEM (science, technology, engineering, and math) professions increases, so does the need for equipment in high school science labs."
Science equipment that was no longer needed by university researchers at Leahi Hospital and Kapi`olani Community College was donated. Repurposing the equipment also erased the cost associated with destroying lab equipment, and spared space in O`ahu's landfill, too. Center for Cardiovascular personnel volunteered by repairing, cleaning and delivering the equipment to public high schools on Hawai'i Island, Kaua'i, O'ahu and Maui.
Teachers like David Wong proudly showed off the equipment, which he came to Kaka`ako to load into his truck bed and haul to his middle school classroom on O`ahu. Baldwin's Ancheta was equally ebullient. "Thank you, JABSOM, for donating equipment and supplies," she said. "We already used mortar and pestle in DNA extraction lab last week and are planning to use dissecting microscope for our plants and animal unit next month."
Although it is a graduate school, JABSOM recognizes the need for Hawai`i's students to have opportunities to learn and become excited about science and health from their earliest years in the classroom.
"It's never too early to implant the ideals of altruism and the willingness to lend a helping hand to someone in need," said JABSOM Dean Jerris Hedges, MD. "We know our future health professionals can be found in classrooms at any grade level. Through a number of programs, our faculty and MD students reach out to young people to encourage them to consider health careers, and to empower them with the knowledge that they could succeed in any number of careers, using their unique talents."
Schools that have benefited from the donated science equipment:
Baldwin High, Maui
Lahainaluna, Maui
Kapa`a High, Kaua`i
Ewa Makai Middle School, O`ahu
Farrington High, O`ahu
`Ilima Intermediate, O`ahu
Kalaheo High, O`ahu
Kapolei High, O`ahu
Kealakehe High, Hawai`i
Leilehua High, O`ahu
McKinley High, O`ahu
Nānākuli High and Intermediate, O`ahu
Roosevelt High, O`ahu
For more information, visit: http://jabsom.hawaii.edu