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.. June 2, 1971 Honorable Niak Begich u. s. House of Representatives Washington, D. c. Dear congressman Begich: Thank you for your letter enclosing a page from the Congressional Record of May 27th with your state-ment supporting the Sawtooth bill, B.R. 6957. This is truly appreciated. Sincerely, Frank Church,U. s. s. FCapwc June 23, 1971 Miss Amy Isaksen, Secretary Madison Civinette Club 262 East 1st south Rexburg, Idaho 83440 Dear Miss Isaksen: Be assured that both Senator Jordan and I share your .concern and that of the Madison High Civinette Club of Rexburg reg•rding the fate of the White Clouds. The House of Representatives h~s just completed hearings on a bill, B.R. 6957, to establish a Sawtooth National Recreation Area. It ia identical to s. 1407, the bill senator Jordan and I introduced in the Senate, and would afford considerable protection for the White Clouds if enacted. Because of your interest, I am encloain q a copy of s. 1407. You will note thet if affords a moratorium of five years on any new mining claims in the White Clouds, and also provides for a National Park Study. In addition, it would place the Sawtooth Primitive Area in the National Wilderness Preservation System. One of the most tmportant things ia that it would establish the recreation area which would provide protection against commercial development of the beautiful Sawtooth Valley Basin. I think this is good legislation and will provide a major step toward saving that beautiful mountain region .er all ttme. I would like to compliment your club for ita interest in this problem. With all beat wishes, Sincerely, Frank Church, u. s. s. ' FROM THE SENATE COMMITTEE ON INTERIOR AND INl ULAR AFFAIRS SENATOR HERRY M. JACKSON (D-Wash.) CHAIRMAN FOR RELEASE: June 3, 1971 Senate Interior Committee announces hearings on Coal Gasification legislation Senator Henry M. Jackson, (D-Wash.), Chairman of the Senate Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs announced today that the Committee will hold hearings on July 27 and 28 on s. 1846, a bill introduced by him and Senator Moss (D-Utah), which would establish a coal gasification corporation. Jackson said, "the measure is intended to provide a framework for government and industry to cooperate in the essential job of bringing technology for the production of gas from coal to commercial reality." "Experts agree projections of the demand for natural gas compared to the supplies which will be available from conventional sources, both domestic and foreign, show that general shortages will occur early in the 1970s and will grow rapidly. Local shortages of gas have already been experienced in a number of places. There is general agreement that regardless of steps which may be taken to increase production or find new sources of natural gas, supplements will be necessary from synthetic gas by 1980." "The increasing dsireability of natural gas as a fuel, because of its ease of transportability and because it is pollution-free when burned, adds urgency to the need to meet the demand." Processes for the conversion of coal to synthetic gas have been known for many years," Jackson said," and research work to improve the processes has been underway in the country. What is needed now is the incentive and assistance for industry to take the expensive steps toward development of full size, commercial plants. Under the best of circumstances, 6 to 10 years will be necessary to attain production capability and we can wait no longer to take that step." S. 1846 has the following provisions: First. It would create a Government-industry, jointly supported and operated corporation with the objective of demonstrating on a commercial scale at least two alternative methods for the production of gas from coal. Second. The corporation would have a life limited to this single objective and would be abolished when the objective ~as attained. Third. Financing would be shared by Government and industry thus assuring a deep commitment by industry to the successful outcome of the effort. Fourth. The corporation would be managed by an entity responsible to a Board of Directors made up of representatives of industry and Government. The ratio of industry to Government financial support could be used as the basis for division of membership on the board. Jackson said that the total effort may cost as much as $500 million. He said, "The corporation concept was employed in the bill to enable industry to participate intimately in the <'ffort which would be impossible if leadership resided with a Federal agency. The corporation also would be established for a definite term and could be expected to attract personnel who anticipated a future in commercial coal gasification industries. Too often, such research and development efforts within established agencies come to be viewed as c -~ - 2 - permanent programs and the incentive to reach an ultimate goal is lost." Jackson said he looks forward to the forthcoming hearings as an opportunity for the involved fuel industries to express their opinions of his proposal. "If there are other recommendations of means to achieve coal gasification capability, I want to consider them," he said, "but I am convinced that we have to take definte steps to achieve it as soon as possible." IDAHO STUD MILL DIVISION OF EDWARD HINES LUMBER CO. P. 0. BOX 167 ST. ANTHONY, IDAHO S3445 Honorable Frank Church United States Senate Washington, D. C. 20510 Dear Senator Church: AREA CODE 20S - 624-3445 June 7, 197l Once in a while something comes along extra special in our world of Forest Industries, and it is indeed extra special when we can relay this information and present it with understanding to the lay general public With great pleasure I wish to present to you your copy of The Secret Life of The Forest, by author Richard M. Ketchum in co-operation with St. Regis Paper Company. This excellent book is superbly illustrated by Mr. Jack Kunz and is extremely readable for an otherwise dry technical subject, and I might add, very timely, environmentally speaking. Mr. Ketchum and the American Heritage Press people are exposing the general public to the forest secrets, including the giant oxygen factory, regeneration, both from selective and the "politically hot" clear cutting ha~hods, as well as-many;many other proven forest facts. Our lOCal Lodgepole Pine and Douglas Fir are also shade intolerant species. LEmotional environmental legislation will not service this country's for- l est products' total needs, nor will it change Mother Nature's forest facts. I hope this fine book will bring to you a greater understanding of forest environment--happy reading. GDW:kw Encl. ~E:3r---otR~E~D~A~R~R~O~W-T.M~I~P~R~E~C~IS~I~O~N~®~I-K_D_1_2_%-D ... ,_ . / 'Jill ·-f. ' ~ ~-." ... J!'",, ,f' ··'_"•,. ("-'~. !' ~~,tl~~.";.:.;~ ). s.._•n. / /_, '/ . 'F r:J nk Church. Dcrw:wrat. IS rc·spondin!; to ~;h:lrJl criticism of Uw U.S. Forest St'·rvicp';.: pf'onits to ''de;oJ>\:ut" timber on f,:•deral lands by posing qnestivns t.:t:•.i he expects to be ansv.;t:red U1is nwnlh. H timberlands adjaceut to sc._--n;v ~J.rc:ts :~ttch as Yellowst(,~lf' ;'\lation~:i i ';n·k are swt~pt cl(~~Hl of tr•:'(·:~, do(~:-; it n()t t:l:;((;.;un~ the~ <:ll'l.:\i ~:;Hl <:.' il consmlc.Ult \~lil.h what sho·,Jld tw dw "IX<d-IS<'< !ident.'' use and enjuyment u( tih' region'! Uoe:-; cle;tr-calLin!~- padic(il/!_r:y c•n steep :;lop('S, c<.llbe Jamct;~~nr: ero:;:ion ;~r•d siU~tion that should be ::n-'o!d,•ll'.' And JoPs this perrait th-e \1,'~-l~;h;r.;.~ out of rmlrieni.'~ from UH.~ soiL C.cp:eti;J:.: d.>: powers (Jf regL:ner;.~til!n as d::1r;-.~t'd by ~~University of Montana proi~..·.-.;:;(Jr·: Church says itl~·d like :-d.rai;.JH n·plies to such que~..;l~il1b nut·' tnJ)i\ t'Jd;er th<! t:rnhcr intlu;:.;tcy ur government. ~g~..~ncies alo.:Je l.Hlt abo li'oJn scienti:~ts eng.:..:;.:i.'d in iJ1fh'~-;t•ndt~nl. r~..~!-;P::n·h. l~ IS DO[ ~·:L•-;y !11 .:ll.'l'Cf!l ll\1..' imt·~i.~:atinns, nay tltt' cli.U'!',v:·> th:tt tl;;• I•\)r·.:·:.;t s~..'rvkc :~_, f,_,q·(·ed lo k!HW~dt' WH.i(:r to the politi(•;_d pressure of ti1C' timb(_·r indJ:~u-y in setting po.iicy J'or t.iln·:-H.T k~rvcsL f\ior IS it a:w;1y,--; trt:(' c~.nd p,_,rh:i:l:·> r:m_:!y ~-;o Li:.!i lo>i.;1_;. ·{; Ur:il.:cr ;·;nrl ioc;f?JJ1g inler~,~b <in' ruh.•d "pHblic~bc -l:;w:H·~·d" ;1. ii ~; ·-: "-'. will,, lll.•..!Ui:J~waU·oiag attacks \Ill p~•b;il' l\';-;(it)J'('i':;. L(!\ 1/'h~ do lJ{'_ed expL1:·a1.ion and i(iu~~~;n:~Lo:1 of llw rel.cv:•n~ !':.:l·:.·.;, ~-;(': in ~; iL:11~AC': of con~_C'rnpor.:::u·y public C1mvr·nience <~nd rwces:3ity. pnL.__•i(•;; t.Ji;lt Vv'c.'l'C ~1(TCpt~:b(l' ;1 h'W y,;';c--.-; ;J:';O, y,·lt~'n fore:·.;t produd:-: 1.\''.TI' t<h::,i(: .. il:l ;;.Jd \.'Ul.:tji\.'i.l~WJl fl)t ~;,(' l;:-.,(• Cl(;d Clt_)oynwul ot' national forr··l ;md Wlll.;,-.t-;i.;·;-.:: ::r1::;.·-: h~-'~'.\'t~Cil i.ul.t:<.cy :D,c: "1-c,_:rc:.tUon" w;1s e;J~:Jl_v .:w cr,, ·,: 11 :od<'.\ cd, .;(·; · Ill. L-~:,: l l '· i. T.d: .idl~dor':., quest ~-ur ;_in~-..··.-' 1• ;··~ i.-, \Vd('U:th~. ·, 'e 1• Compground Fee •l Protest Urged 1 Editor Tile Post-Register: · I wo~ld Uke to pose a questio to the citizens of Idaho. Hetw many have written t Sen. Frank Churc!t supportin his !';tand on the addltlona charges pending to enter an enjoy our National Parlal an campgrounds? Several years a&o we were approached with the Golden Ea· ' gle Passport that- fnr $7- 1 would ensure entry Into all of 1 . he Parks and C8Jnplll"unds. .. 'The Post-Register, ers ·Say • • To The Editor The millions of dollars gained control~ and regulation!'. through the aale of the Golden Do your part and write a let Eagle would more than pay for ter today. all the projected Improvements T. L. Murphy and give all the future !aellitles 780 8th St. needed to aerve the public Idaho Falls, Idaho needs. Of course, the price went . up to $10 last year when the Need Of Traffic government saw what a fat hog · It had by the tail- a typical Light 'Stressed move by the government. But that h•n't enough, now lt 1s pro- Editor, The Post·Rcgh;tf'r·: posed that we pay to get Into I have observed enough I I our parks and then pay a prem· misses" involving auton1 I ium price to spend the night and school children at there. The proposed fee Is as ners of Woodruff anll12 1 high as $4 per night. A good mo· my house near the int tel could be had for that a few that I am deeply years ago. about seeing this h Sen. Church has expreased his reeled. Why must displeasure over this additional struck and hurt bel burden on the people (also fathers Install a tra known as taxpayers) who To my knowled provided funds to build the Police Robert Poll< parka and campgrounds In the serving the lnte i first place. I say we should get mended such a I behind Sen. Chureh and put ed. The city e ." down this thing before It gets down the '• started. I! a $4 charge Ia good Again, why? this year, $6 will be in order ainst mumps, ~~ next year, so on ad infinitum! nus and pro • Remember when we could 11- selves an a tn cense our cars tor $5 in Idaho What "prev. JU and go a.nd do as we pretty well is there f >n pleased? Well, canslder the In· lng a b 1r- sidious creeping government 35 m.p.h. kl eontrols we know today. In· Oty Cou 1t. apectlons, permits, passports, before t' V· licenses, Coest Guard regula- lty Is l oo tlons, snowmobile licenses, etc. intersr-a Unless we take a stand and >f. support Sen. Church, we will i ny know no end to government / ~- ------------~------~~/ at ~··~~----· MEMORANDUM TO: Senator Clinton P. Anderson, Chairman, Subcommittee on Water and Members of the Subcommittee FROM: Dan Dreyfus SUBJECT: S. 432 - a bill to authorize the Secretary of the Interior to construct, operate, and maintain the Salmon Falls Division, Upper Snake River project, Idaho A hearing is scheduled before your Subcommittee for June 9. Purpose of the legislation The purpose of S.432, introduced by the Senators from Idaho, is to authorize construction, operation, and maintenance of the potential Salmon Falls division of the Upper. Snake River reclamation project in south-central Idaho. The division would supply irrigation water to 64,110 acres of which 49,380 are now irrigated but have inadequate supplies. It would also provide minor fish and wildlife conservation benefits. Background The lands of the proposed Salmon Falls Division lie south of the Snake River near the city of Twin Falls. Just to the north of the division are extensive and successful irrigation developments dating from 1905. The division includes the Salmon Tract and the Milner-Cottonwood units. The Salmon Tract was developed for irrigation by the Salmon River Canal Company in 1911. The water supply, which is obtained from a storage reservoir on Salmon Falls Creek, has never been adequate for the lands served. The Company has an approved loan under the Small Reclamation Loan Program for the improvement of its system scheduled for initiation with FY 1971 funds. Irrigation of the Milner-Cottonwood area began in 1947. 2 The lands are supplied from groundwater, and the source is presently being overdrawn. The Secretary of the Interior's feasibility report on the Salmon Falls division was transmitted to the Congress on June 29, 1970. A companion bill, H.R. 2474 (Hansen & McClure) has been introduced in the House. 90th Congress action Similar bills were introduced in the 90th Congress and a hearing was scheduled before the Senate Committee for August 3, 1970. Adverse comments were received from the Bureau of the Budget questioning the viability of the water supply for the project. The hearing was cancelled and the Bureau of Reclamation was asked to conduct further studies. Late in the 90th Congress (December 1970) a new report was received from the Bureau of Reclamation defining an alternative plan for water supply in the event the agreements for the preferred plan could not be obtained. At that time the Budget Bureau withdrew its objections. Legislative reports on S. 432 have been requested but have not yet been received. Description of the Project The proposed Salmon Falls Division would involve the construction of the Milner pumping plant above the existing Milner Dam on the Snake River (a feature of the Minidoka project), the major Milner-Salmon Falls canal, the Hollister pumping plant and Hollister Pump canal to serve higher lands, and other distribution works. Existing facilities which would continue in use include the Salmon Falls dam and reservoir, canals, laterals, and drains in the Salmon Tract and wells in the Milner-Cottonwood unit. 3 Water for fish and wildlife development would be delivered to ponds in nonirrigable lands through the project's distribution system and wasteways. The water supply for the Salmon Falls division will be derived from continued pumping of ground water in. the Milner- Cottonwood area, surplus flows of Rock Creek, continued use of Salmon Falls Creek storage, and Snake River flows. The project also contemplates the use of uncommitted flows of the Snake River which would be regulated in three upstream reservoirs as follows: 1. Storage space allocated to the unit in the Bureau's existing Palisades Reservoir. 2. Storage space allocated to irrigation use in the Ririe Reservoir which is under construction by the Corps of Engineers. 3. Storage space in the existing Amercian Falls Reservoir of the Bureau's Minidoka project which is presently used for power flow regulation by the Idaho Power Company under contractual rights (the Company would be compensated). In years of low flow, the available Snake River water will not be sufficient for the division's needs. Wells would be developed in the Snake Plain aquifer north of the Snake River and ground water would be used to serve existing non-project irrigation in that area in exchange for the water users rights to Snake River flows which would be taken for the division. If exchange agreements can not be obtained, water from the aquifer will be pumped into the snake River and diverted directly to the Salmon Falls Division. This alternative has been found to result in a feasible development. A summary of physical data is attached. The total construction cost of the Salmon Falls division is estimated to be $47,096,000 (January 1969 price levels). The total project cost, which also includes $292,000 assigned costs of upstream storage and $4,448,000 of assigned costs of the Federal Columbia River Power System, is allocated among the project purposes as follows: Irrigation Fish & Wildlife TOTAL 4 ($1,000) 51,664 172 51,836 ~) 99.7 0.3 100.0 The annual operation and maintendnce cost is estimated to be $657,600. The irrigators will repay the assigned costs of the Columbia River Power system through pumping power charges. They will also repay $12,141,000 or 26% of the irrigation obligation. The remaining irrigation costs will be repaid from power revenues from the Federal Columbia Basin Power System. The costs allocated to Fish and Wildlife will be shared under the provisions of the Federal Water Projects Recreation Act (79 Stat. 213). The ration of total benefits to total costs over a 100-year period of analysis and using a discount rate of 4 7/8 percent is 1.4 to 1.0. Comments 1) The proposed Snake River water supply for the Salmon Falls division will depend upon a number of complex arrangements for storage rights and water exchanges which do not appear to be resolved as yet. Although the State of Idaho supports ~uthorization, the Idaho Water Resources Board has recommended ~at other alternative storage and exchange possibilites be studied before construction begins. The exchange of groundwater for Snake River water rights of non-project owners north of the river will be dependent upon agreements. It is not clear that the agreements can be obtained. The storage space in Ririe and Palisades reservoirs has apparently not yet been definitively assigned to this project. Furthermore, the use of storage in American Falls reservoir requires the abrogation (with compensation) of a contract with the 5 Idaho Power Company. The Committee may wish to inquire concerning the current status and the prospects for achieving the water supply agreements for the division. 2) There will be a small amount of fish and wildlife costs ($85,550) repaid with interest. It might be advisable to amend the bill to include the usual provisions setting an interest rate for repayment. 3) Annual water charges of $18, $14, $12, and $10 per acre are recommended for four repayment catagories. For full irrigation service to high class lands ($18 per acre) this amounts to about $6 per acre-foot. Physical Data Projects lands presently irrigated presently dry Canals Milner-Salmon Falls Others Pumping Plants Milner Hollister TOTJL Salmon Tract 31,060 8,880 39' 940 length 47 mi. 20 mi. capacity 1,165 cfs. 490 cfs. Fish & Wildlife facilities Cover areas ponding areas 1,000 acres 40 acres Milner- Cottonwood 18,320 5,850 24,170 Total 49,380 14' 730 64' 110 capacity 1,140 cfs. 90-460 cfs. lift 115 ft. 170 ft. June 4, 1971 Mr. Mike Piller Jefferson Standard Broadcasting One Julian Price Charlotte, North ca~lina Dear Mr. Piller: The questions you ask as your letter indicates. conditions of both forest ~ ~not easy to answ•r, Geography creates individual and manwgement. From the hearings we have been conducting on management of the public lands , it is obvious that people in many areas have become concerned that the Forest Service has placed commercial timber harvest well above recr~tion and other forest uses. In the West, we have pine forests where wildlife readily survives. q As to your question on hardwood timber, I am requesting that a copy of the hearing record be mailed to you when it is available, and perhaps you will find some answers there . With beat wishes. Sincerely, Frank Church, u. s. s. FC:pwc Mrs. Joanne Sprenger 510 N. Washington Moscow, Idaho Dear Mrs. Sprengera June 2, 1971 Thank you for your letter supporting wilderness status for the Salmo-Prieat area. The Forest Service now has this area under study and will present a new plan for its management after the study is complete. The study, I am sure, will consider the alternative of wilderness designation. With all beat wishes. Sincerely, Frank Church, u. s. s. FCapwc David D. Robinson, Ph. D. 405 Summit Ridge Road Boise, Idaho 83702 Dear Dr. Robinson: June 25, 1971 Believe rne, I share your concern about saving the Sawtooth area and. the Hells Canyon. I also favor any changes in construction plans for the Lower Teton Dam project which would prove helpful to the maintenance of the fishery. As to the Sawtooth bill, I enclose n copy of my recent statement before the House Interior Committee in behalf of the legislation jointly sponsored by 'lll fm1r members of the Idaho Delegation. I also enclose a copy of E:enator J ordan's statement. Doubtlessly, you are concerned about the prospect of openpit mining in the White Clouds. I must point out that no legislation -- not even a nn.ttonn.l park -- can prohibit mining of valid claims established prior to the passage of the legislation. These rights are vested. They cann~t be abolished l~etroactively under the Constitution of the United States. We can only hope that public pressure, combined with strict regulation of any proposed mining operation, will discourage the venture. For the rest, I see the Delegation's bill as leading to the eventual creation of a national ,t:a.rk in the summits of the SawtoothWhite Cloud and Boulder ranges. Meanwhile, enactment of the bill would put an end to the subdivision of the Sawtooth Valley, prevent new mining entries, place the Sawtooth summits into the Wilderness System, and direct the Park Service to prepare a detailed and comprehensive plan for establishing a national park in the uplands. This bill may not do everything at once, but it was the best bill on which I could get agreement from all members of the Idaho Delegation. In the past, the lack of unanimity on this subject has meant that bills passed in the Senate have s imply been buried in the David n. Robinson )7CoJQ;t) June 25, 1971 House. After 10 years of trying, I'm convinced that we cannot delay further the enactment of protective legislation, even if 1t doesn't contain everything I should wish to see in it. Eventually, I think, we wUl get it all. Concerning the Hells Canyon, you must know that I have long been an advocate cf keeping this last undeveloped stretch of the river ln its natural, free-flowing state. The chief danger we face, at the moment, is the possibility that the Federal Power Commission will is:.:,t. e a license authorizing the construction of a hydro-electric dam in the Hells Canyon. It is urgent that we get the Congress to act before this happens. I support the Moratorium bill, which would prohibit the licensing of any dam in this stretch of the river for the next seven years, "'i'v'hile current studies now underway are completed. I think it stands the best chance of enaetment in this session of Congress . Approval of the Moratorium bill by the Senate would not foreclose proper Comn ittec consideration of the Packwood National River bill. In fact, the Sem.te Interior Committee, at my r equest, has scheduled hearings on the .b-ackwood blll for September l t and 17. On any of these matterf;, getting action in Congress depends upon lining up the votes. I have to work in a political forum, where success usually depends on some measure of accommodation. I try to be effective without compromising end objectives. If, at times, I can't take the JX~.rticular course you prefer, please know that we nevertheless share the same 7,eal in seeking adequate protection for such great outdoor treasures as the Sawtooths and Hells Canyon. FC/WP/tw bee: WP Sincerely, Frank Church United States Senator June II, 1971 The Honorable Frank Church The United States Senate Washington, D. C. Dear Senator Church: David D. Robinson, Ph. D. 405 Summit Ridge Road Boise, Idaho 83702 RfCfiV£0 JUPI ] 4 fl9i~ I have long admired your courageous posture on a number of important issues and have been thankful :for your voice in national and state affairs. However, I strongly encourage you to reevaluate your stand on the Sawtooth area, the Hell's Canyon area and the Lower Teton dam project. If we build dams on these streams and rivers or permit mining or logging in unspoiled wilderness, we are permitting irreversible damage to a most important aspect of our priceless heritage, not to mention being short-sighted for comparatively little economic gain. If such areas as these are despoiled--or are simply not maintained in their wild state--we are depriving our children and their children of part of their collective birthright. I often wonder whether or not our legislators appreciate the groundswell of concern over issues like these. Five years ago I would have been concerned, but not so concerned that I would have taken time to write a letter like this; today I'm more concerned about t.his subject than I am about economic issues, poverty, racism or .most of the other pressing problems that confront us. Yet, I consider myself a moderate in this sense--l'm not an "econut" yet. Please don't let us down. I want to continue to support you. -- Very truly yours, (I . c 1. iJ' JrJrlez d!i~-1N'"t~~ David D. Robinson, Ph.D. Miss Stephanie Wilson 660Z1- Asbor Drive Miramor, Florida 33023 Dear Miss Uilson: July 9, 1971 I ~ppreciate your thoughtfulness in writing to me about problems of timber 1naaagement and protection . I sha1:e your interest in seetng that Ol.ll." national forests are maintained in excellent condi.ti.on . My Public Lands Subcomni.ttee is in the process of completj_ng hearine;s on clearcutting. t.fe hope to make a series of reco~nendations to the Forest Service and the Bureau of Land Management in the near futture . With beHt wis~es, Sincerely, Frank Church W :lo ,7)-t-<-~-;1---'"~ ............ '-' -~...:? ,.__-... _; Jr~<----~-cL RECEIVEn JUL 6 1971 Sti'IAluR fHANu , ... ' 1 !.HUtt;,t:J ,J) --<~ ..J --e /-~~ c__' ~-<-<___,c, / ·~~~~c~J 530-?__3 - ~--<.-c r c-1• ;c-~ ~~c ~LL-L--" . .:::::?". M_; -~~<-L--t.--...C->~ ··~ Ptdn ret'' . - ,__/ C-L.'?--z-1 -!.7 ~-L-A!.--~_{7 -=--C'-e?-(4 ..z~ ___...e"~.L''Y'--"'~-.._..-;::::, v.---d -?' ~ -z ~ /~r--~ ~z-6<-£< -"" 7~ r'-<--~ c< ~r: -~~- ---c_.,___J / I ;zfu._ -<~,__~~~~__,___( · 0 ~..z/ -.::~-'-"::_ ~----U 77 .-6-./~~--4 .~ ~- ~~4 ...C.-<'-<£_.<_ /,--:7 ;:1. -?"~ ~~ D I \._(! c-£"" --~ ~--~' ~ ~--<-~__etl Cc~ ~ -~~-L ;(';--c- C~:rt'-~ u~ ~ // ccC-.,:, ·-?'--~q ~~ ~ 6'-e.«=~~. - C~ :Z'{L?, ,J :-c_.•::: -~/~-t&--<'~ ~A:--(;ec~ .. t/r>- --C-_.:G_ /;T"''---c.-<--~ . -r::.~-~ --7"<-e,__,_ '--+' q e L~c-'' .-Z.J- ~~......__~. ,__,/.a~-., _-..7-.<ffc ~ . S. //3 Y: :.::e./<.J<_ ~-~ A~ z. L -~ ~ 0 ../ ;f-e~/ -~ ~~~w /~ ' c:&_.cA ~~~ r ~. r-<-<~---.-~Z~ -~ .....e-7--:;;:r J~..._,~;,../' ~~ -6~- 1 .:::z'.,._ ~ ce _...-_.~ .. ,?.::L '"0e.:.-~ -c.."--~? I ~.'~ __..,~,'-<' c-·r'-k: --c....·~ .. ~-<. "<. i.' i'' .,, " '• :i-''' -"· ··' J, ~ .. < ·. '~ 'I'' ~~ '': ,_·, '. ''\,· 'i \ ;.,, ' ' - ' ' ' ,, ' Suppl .. ontary State•ont . ' of,. .... r-, 'l-' 'RUSSBLL CHADWICK on behalf of tho NORTHWEST MINING ASSOCIATIOR ·::,. to tho .,, 'Wf:EIVED .. Jlli 31 0 .sn· lf.IUtlOR fRANK CHURCH . . : .. ~~ ' •' co .. itteo on Interior .and Insular Affairs '·. '-ir· . ,, · '··. Unitoci..Statos Senate··; Juno 22, 1971 'I: ".. ' '"' Asaoaiation of Spokane, Washington, I a• an independent consulting "·'!·'' -·;' ' . coolocy •. Our association is oo•prisod of ao•e 600 firras and in- . , ., .··,1 •·"'' r-; <:, :I···-\. . t",l')' ;, ' ,f '. '·, :. \ I. ·' •• ,1 ·;· ' I '" •' I : ~-- • i.- '· ' 'I_,., ~. ;'. . ·- -. _~ r. -:~:.-~~~:(~;;_i _ r· . ~;--~~:~;~::~-- ·. -~- · ·:i-~ ': _i· ' i \'. -~ ::,;, . ~ 1 .. ' ... -,. ~ . ~ ·,,_:. ~ .. '·'; ' ·-~-- I. ,1 o_•'· ·-.' .,,;·. ' ',·• . .(_ Tho hoped-tor 'oonUnuecl do•olo.-on.c ot ••n la lnos.; i:· ' •, ...... ,o quantU;loo at roaooaablo · oooc - ·'juot •• t.o tho oatonslon : -.,_·_ .,,, ., . . ot .aeoont otandardo ot 11•1 .. to tb.o "ha•o-noto", and tho .. laton- _, 1 l.>.\ · · ' .- aaoo ot tbo quallt)' otanclard' ~ow onjo)'od bJ' tbo "ha•os". Tho . ··,. : " -.-. -·:i~. . ': . '' . •:·h:· Ill'•"- of prOYldlnc adoq-ce .. torlalo h tbo probl- ot tlndlnc ' ,- . ' . ' ' .. ·'. : --~' -;.. . t~'· '· ':'\\:1 •. '' l ' . '., .. 11· . -,..--~ .. ; . '.! ', ... . --~-- .·. " -,·: .... of tho raro ol•ontlal'or•t.noral oonooatraUoao wnlcb wo ) \\ ~·: iJ • . ' i -~-- '.· ~-- - • • y ' ,_.,..,, .. _ .... ,,, .. ' ' . . '" : ;:,.u •ta..,al dopoolto~ · oaoh tl&od at a cooloctoall)'-dotor.tnod. po- ·• .. )•·'••·i.'.:~l,,·-;Jf. • -r. ...... -·. _ _: _ ... .. -- __ .,;_.·· --~-· . _· -~- -~ -. -~\:'-. l:!k'''·";; ''· ot cton l.n tbo oruot. :. Whon ouob a troaouro io . found, 1 t ••-• to · : ' · ' i ·:-.,I.. ..· ''. l •' ,., ..... , •.•..• , ... cool.octot alnoot a crat• tbd l.h uoo would coa.tUuto tho --~- ;<,7 :· .' -;t' ~:J ~' ./, ,· ;·- , , ' " · t , ~ 'i ..• ••luo ·~ tho. o.-nu,· of tho l•lld: at that point. Thlo h < .•· -·· unhoroal ro.onuon of nlnoral rlchh bJ' co•~ra.ont•''",-.:; •-..t.r-'dlopodtlon'·of land;.':•. ",:. ···:. · ---~ . 1 !;;·• .. , 'I- , ..... opeot.flcall1• ·? (-' \· .. · .:-!' ' -,, ' ' . . ', ' _.' tbt.nld .. of tbo .cho llttloll'f&oo bot-on land-uoo plannlnc '. •laoral lnduatll')' .. blblto tho foUovl~ ,. , r;, ·, ·., . ( ' 1:•· • : ,. \ • '' ''.1 . 'j: ,I!.' ·.'•.• .. ,, .. '' . .. cAa rooocalsod ta s. 6)2 (Soc. 102), rational plaantnc .. ,, '•/,.• ; . ltko ourfaoo rooourooo. .. - -~ ·' ani c1•on • point and tl•o a o-ploto tnYontor,. of tbo ' . ' . to a YOI')' fornldablo and un3uatlflably oaponot•o taok,. aolol1 tho blltMirecle ot •aluablo ol•.onto, •tnoralo and ''" -+.' ,; •· /i '., ":· '1 ,-1.·'. .· ··~-· •. !.·'' l· .. : rn tlhooo aroao wboro· •ho. oull'f~oo cooloey ha• boen ••ppod ,, .. a· .:oaaenabl)' '.larco · ooalo and otu4tecl,1 • ••o .r•aoonod cuo••o• •a:r -~ ' I . of ooourr ... o of oortaln br.oad oo to- · of cooloclo ••orta1a,· ... , -rou.., dopootta aro unUkol1 ,: ,.-1•••, , • .._ 'foloaah roo~. ora PI'O~ .. ···:· So aloo, whor.o l'ooo._ ~ ,·;-- ' .,-: •••• ; ' 0 : ' 'Ji.~l~;~;~··;::' ~ .&t..leanoo coocb-l~crr baa booa run on ~ outllctonU:r do .. Uod N:.tlil\l.W<<~;I !~l'~thf!., .. ,· J;~\: , • •. ·• , i't<. .. ':~:;;.: >' >. • ::~, '' __ ,.,,. 1' ' ' ' ~ . ' ' .._: ' · I , 1 ~ I ' "ot ,• f i ' . . . I'~ ·J·,- . ~- )'.,, . ;;, '-H -~ ;::, j.l.:_·,; __ , .. .·;rl .. ; .~ .. •·''··· .:. '/.; ·-~ .... ~ . ·'· .~'}' ;. ' . .J', I ti;!?:AJt' ;.. i ' , ,_._, (d) changing technolo~.~·! which per•it the use of different or lover-grade raw •atarials than those in present usa, ega taconite iron ora •ada usable in recent years by new •agnetic separation and pellatizinc processes. 6. As recognized by Congress in pro•ulgating a National Min• " · · arala Policy, uintenance of a substantial flow of minerals fr .. · t., ·41eaastic sources is Yi tal for acono•ic health in a competi the ,_-; '£ wrldo To the e&tent that our own production is inadequate to ·,: our naeda and to affect the world price structure, we will either .......... , ·:,,' ·, . - · ·,,,llaYa to pay whatever price ia asked, do without, or what- a&art ' ' : ;·:_,i .~ df.pl .. tic • IDilitary power? Bga the recent Libyan oil price. boost • 0 of •o percent. -~···'·~. .' ,,..,,. ; , ·· · ·•'· · 7. Many of the scenic •ountain areas, which are the cause of ~-" • _r. ' , .. dlsPDtea .. ong recreationista, belieYars in non-use, the natural raeo.rce producers, and others, are of particular importance to tha ' ·,-.. .-•,1 ·.-tnaral industry for a ••ry good geologic reason. Many of thea• ·;;· ••• are rucged and high because they ware recently the _&ita of .... ,ain building - of catastrophic structural, metamorphic, i•tru-· •,' ,-~ ''t•. ·{ ' ' • '• I :·.:~ :1· ~-' ~·- -~~ • ,1, ' ,. t ••,;•,) . ,·\! .' / '" .;.y .,.• I I ' -~ ., . ' ~- \· . . ., ','-, ,,., olYa and erosional actiYity. ""· I •• ; 1 i,;, ·' t In turn, it is in areas of such acti1'.; .,, ~~ r ••.. tty that the cha•ica~to high-t .. paratura, and 111echanica1 processes '''I ··>. ' . '.•,:' '· . ·,. aparatiYe. rurthermora, in •any of these mountainous areas, tbe .. "", L .•' ''I ~ ·,~ dlat•rbanca has a&posad a significant cross-section of the crust and ;: a Y&rlaty of strata and rock units. '. •',. ' ~ . ' 1··'1 /'. •' Without belaboring the point, the •ineral industry feels it ., ••bt to pt~rticipate in any national land-use planning process on ' ... , '-t:( '! tba cround .. f its spacial knowledge of and responsibility for the sub-. ••rraee, which is outside of c ... on knowledge. Wa alao urea ~t ·,··, ·'. ·" ·'t •1 land-usa planning legislation proYida for the subsurface et all ·. · ~-- ·: .. ~;· . -4- .· ~~~:~".:tJ>--"' ', -·. . ..... to be left open for ezp16ration and deYelo~ent unless and It can be clearly shown, upon reliable lnYestigation, that: .... aot contain actually or potentially .Yaluable resources which I"··.; ;:.,. ;.: .•-,14~\' )t~·:_{l··}.~ .. :~ ·,_ .. ·''' •· .. 1· ,· ..... ' . ' ' !~'.• I ::. "i • . w•l• be lost to the co-unity if such deyelo~ent was barred by law. '-·.1. • ) }.~,;' ;t·\:~.~-~~ . ~-. \ i-~:-:· ~-i .• ~ ~-• .' ,' 1: I -'5- , .. , I: 1_'. ... :·;, '··'·):··· 1 ; ~l . ~-" ''·. t.·•·r·,., -;. '.· ''"' , HI':Nrn• M, JACKSON, WASH., CHAIRMAN CLINTON P, ANOFIIISON, N. MIEXo QOROON Al.LOTT, COI.O, Al.J\.N B[IU.E, NF.V. LEN II, JORDAN, IDAHO FRI'INK C'IURCH, IDAHO PAUL J, P"ANNIN, ARIZ, P"RANK E. M.SII, UTAH CLIP"I'"OAD p, HANSEN, WYO, CUEmiN N. IIURDICK, N, DAI(, MARKO, HATI'"U!:LD, ORKQ, GEORGE MCGOVERN, II, DAK, TI!D STEVENS, ALASKA LI[E MKTCALI", MONT, HllNftY .I:LLMON1 OKLAo MIK.IC OMVI:L, ALA•KA Jl:ltiiY To VUIKLD, IITAPP DIIIICTOII MEMORANDUM COMMITTEE ON INTERIOR AND INSULAR AFP'AiftS WASHINGTON. D.C. 20510 July 16, 1971 TO: FROM: able Fravk Church ~~er, Staff Director ' ;-,, i!Vt( i;HliHCf! o r executive session on July 14 one matter was taken up by the Committee which was not on the agenda. Pursuant to our Committee Rules and in view,. of your absence, I am informing you that the full committee ordered favorably reported to the Senate s. 635, Senator Allott's bill to amend the Mining and Minerals Policy Act of 1970. There were two technical amendments to t~~ bill adopted by the Committee. JTV:rd ' July 23, 1971 TO: Senat.or Henry M. Jackson Chairman, Conunittee on Interior and Insular Affairs, and Members of the Committee FROM: Dan Dreyfus and Mary Jane Due SUBJECTt s. 1046 - a bill to eatablish a coal gasification development corporation. A hearing is scheduled before the Full Committee for July 27 and 28. Purpose of t11.~_ _ legisla~ The purpose of s. 1846, which was introduced by Senators Jackson and Moss, is to establish a corporation to construct two demonstration-type facilities to test two processes and, based upon the results, to construct a full-scale commercial plant. The corporation would be jointly financed by industry and the Federal Government. llackground Tl1e report of National Petroleum Council which was released last week reaffirms the general findings of •lll recent forcnsts. Even considering the possible expansion of domestic production and potential imports 1>Y pipeline and of LNG, serious shortages will occur within the next decade. Research programs in the production of synthetic gas from coal are being carried on with Federal assistance through the Office of coal Research and with industry support as well. The President's recent energy message stated that the ongoing research program would be increased $10 million to $20 million annually. Plants have been operated to produce a synthetic • gas commercially in the past, however, the processes used were not economically feasible with the advent of plant, fuel natural gas at low costs following world War II. • - 2 - Proposed Legislation s. 1846 contemplates the establishment of a single purpose "Coal Gasification Development Corporation" for the purpose of selecting the most promising process for coal gasification and expediting the development of a prototype commercial size plant. The major provisions of the bill are as follows: 1. The corporation will have a board of 9 directors, 5 of whom will be appointed by the President with the advise and consent of the Senate and 4 appointed by the President based upon the recommendations of non-Federal participants. 2. The employees and officers will not be Civil Service personnel. 3. The Administrator of GSA will represent the Federal government in contractual arrangements to organize the corporation. 4. The function of the corporation will be ---to select the 2 most promising processes for manufacturing natural gas from coal ---design, construct, operate and maintain a demonstration facility for each process ---based upon the results of the demonstration plants, design, construct, operate and maintain a full scale commercial plant. 5. The corporation will hold patents but make them available on a nonexclusive, royalty free basis. (The Administrator of GSA will handle them after dissolution of the corporation.) 6. The corporation shall be dissolved after six years. Proceeds from the disposition of facilities will be returned to the u.s. Treasury. 7. Appropriations of $5 million are authorized for Fiscal Year 1971. Federal participation is limited to 60% of the total costs of the corporation. - 3 - Comments 1. The total cost of the corporation's work is estimated to be about $500 million. 2. An effort has been made in drafting the bill to disassociate the single-purpose and short term Federal involvement in the corporation from the continuing research effort through the Office of Coal Research. The corporation would be independent of the Interior Department and the Secretary of the Interior would have no responsibility regarding the corporation. 3. Substantial industry cooperation and financial participation is essential for the corporation to come into being. The proposal is not feasible without such participation. ·BOB ECkHARDT 8TH DISTRICT, TIDCAIS €ongress of tbt W:niteb &tates ~ou~e of ~epre~entatibe~ lla~fngton, :S.C. 20515 Honorable Frank Church Chairman July 20, 1971 Subcommittee on Public Lands Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs Room 3106 New Senate Office Building Washington, D. C. Dear Senator Church: CoMMITTEE ON INT!:RSTATE AND FOREIQN COMMERCE '.' 11.../1'[ '·'' In reply to a letter from Senator Mark 0. Hatfield regarding the field hearing scheduled on S. 350 and s. 1734, I would like to make a few comments, while withholding approval of the entire bill at this time. As you know, deep East Texas is one of the nation's large producers of timber and pulpwood from its millions of acres of pineland. However, in recent years, it seems to environmentalists that lumber companies and pulpwood producers, in many cases, have been destroying large areas of hardwoods and re-planting them with the faster-growing, more valuable dollarwise, pine trees. For instance, on a recent trip to the Big Thicket area, I noticed huge piles of native pecan, and upon asking what the logs were to be used for, I was told they would be used to build "corduroy" roads leading into oil well sites. It seems to me that this is a very poor use of such magnificient specimens of hardwood. Since S. 350 and S. 1734 both address themselves to improving both private forest lands and federal lands, I would like to suggest that a provision be included which would require controls on re-forestration as far as hardwoods are concerned. In other words, land owners, if they are to receive federal funds for re-forestration, should be required to submit a plan for re-planting which would tend to keep those Honorable Frank Church July 20, 1971 Page 2 areas which are compatible with hardwood production in hardwoods. Unless such a provision is incorporated, then federal funds would be used by many to destroy the climax forests and to increase the number of acres which are in pine production. You can readily see that this would tend to decrease those areas which are most valuable to the environment. There is nothing more sterile than mile after mile of pines, with not one hardwood sapling left standing. I will very much appreciate it if you will take my suggestion into consideration. Sincerely, Bob Eckhardt cc: U.S. Senator Mark Hatfield U.S. Senator Lee Metcalf Honorable Len B •• Tordan United States Seaate Washington, D. c. Dear Len: July 23,1971 This will acknowledge your letter of July 8th, 1971, requesting a hearing or the Public Lands Subcommittee in Boise or Idaho Falls on the pending forest management bills, I will speak to you personally about this matter. Meanwhile I have referred your request for such a hearing to the staff and have asked them to keep your request in mind as they work out a hearings schedule for the Fall months. You may be sure that if another hearing on these bills proves feasible I will fix a date that will enable you to participate. Sincerely, Frank Church Gerald A. J8flle President. DC 1568 Lola Street Idaho ~alls, Idaho 83401 Dear Je'ft7J August lf, 1971 1 appreoiate 70\11' thcNshttulneas in sending me the o0111111endat1on ot the IUho lnv11'01-ltal Council oonoerning 1117 introduction ot a bill to designate the Upper lelw~ W11demeas Area. I oan aaaure 70'1 that we Will need all the aupport that we oan set to gain passage ot tlhla legislation. I lope that 70\l will help gain the aupport ot the other m•bera ot the Idaho and Montana delegations tor thla bill. With beat Wiahea, 8inoerel7. Idaho Environmental Council Oc1en Letter to Senator F'rank Church U. S. Senate Washington, D.C. 20510 Dear Senator Church; R E'CfiV [!) P. 0. Box 3371 · University Station Moscow, Idaho 83843 August 3, 1971 The Idaho Environmental Council com•nends you for your recent introduction of a bill to designate the ::agruder Corridor as a component of the National Wilderness Preservation System. This area, location of the headwaters of the beautiful Selway R.iver, is surely one of the finest remnants of the once vast .iunerican wilderness. We agree with you that it never should have been removed from primitive area status by thG Secretary of Agriculture, as it was in 1963. This strong action by you and Senator i'.1etcalf on behalf of the Unper Selway country is good news indeed, and we will encourage conservationists to sunoort it by making their views known to the other members of the Idaho arrl JContana Congressional delegations. cc Senator L"etcalf News S~~erely,/ .~~ "·IF/Lt<t:;,( (;/ .. · :-r.hu: 'Gerald A. Ja e 0' . President, IEC 1568 Lola St. Idaho Falls, Idaho f13lm ~ LEWISTON MOR."ill\G TRIBL:'i'E • EDITORIALS LETTERS COLUI\11\S vp1n1on WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 4, 1971 Page 4 Corridor Between Plastic Towers Placing the 240,000-acre Magruder Corridor in the wilderness system would have a negligible effect on the timber industry of Idaho and Montana. But logging and road construction, if permitted in the area, could have a very expensive effect on the land in question. Sens. Frank Church. D-Idaho, and Lee Metcalf, D-l\Iont., have offered a bill to designate the Magruder Corridor as the Upper Selway Wilderness Area. In this era of urban encroachment on the last remaining wilderness, unnecessary carving on the Magruder Corridor would be unthinkable by itself. But there is also the matter of the headwaters of the Selway River, a stream that is among Idaho's most extraordinary and well worth the price of a handful of sawlogs to spare it from degradation. Church points out that the potential timber in the area is quite small. The allowable cut would be only 6.4- million board feet, most of which would be milieu in ~lontana. Where it is milled doesn't matter if it is actually a crucial supply to help fill the nation's needs. But whether milled in i\lontana or Idaho, it is, according to Church, only a four-month supply of logs for one small mill. That is not enough to warrant tearing up a section of wilderness considered priceless by thousands of the region's residents. Unfortunately, the more America is urbanized, the more the citizens require these islanrls of sanity away from civilizatiOn, these healing stations away from the traffic jam, the alarm clock, the telephone and the polluted air. Yet the more urbanized we become, the less virgin territory we retain-unless steps are taken. Church and Metcalf are taking steps to preserve the Magruder Corridor. The Idaho senator is a foreign policy specialist, and it is no secret that his first priority in his personal career is to serve his nation in that field. And history may well look favorably upon Church and a dozen others in the Senate who have lifted America into a more mature and seemly posture of one of the great nations of the wmlu. But in the years to come, Church, and a few others, may be recognized for the special vision that caused Idaho's senator to embark a decade ago-before it was fashionable-upon the task of segregating so-called civilization from the remaining American outback. His work in the field of wild~ rness legislation and in designating wild and scenic rivers provirles the hope that our granrlchilliren-ihough they may )j,·e during the week innervous plastic towers--will be able to get away from it all on occasion and come to terms with the raw earth from which they sprang. Church's pioneer work in that effort means stashing away some serenity as a balm for the pressured generations to come. That may be a more fundamental contribution to peace on earth than a Foreign Helations Committee hearing. And ~Iagruder Corridor will serve society better as it is-for healingthan as the source of more pulp to make more paper on which to print more forms to rot more minds in the offices of those who must fill them out.- B. II. I his tion cine Sial nan or ' he r - Rep. James ~cClure Houce Offi~e cildg. Washington D. c. 20515 Lear Mr. <·1cClurel B3fi01 3519 13th st. Lewiston, Idaho Aug. 18, 1971 Rrcevro liUG 2 0 ,~77 SENA 1, Senators Metcalf and Church have introduced a bill to place the Magruder Corridor in the Viilderness S"stem. This bill is necessary to prevent the destruction of the Se lwav hi ver and :Jar,r,amin Cr~;~ek from log>"ing and road building to harvest a dribble of sawlogs that would be hauled primarily to Montana. I have worked on this project a number of "earel and can see no other way po~sible to save the resources of the Selway from utter destruction. Wo need a bill introduced in the House to accomplish thQ same ob,l active • Would you be willidp, to introduce such a bill? Consnrvati0nists cannot finance trips to Hawaii such as the ones offered by the lumber lobby. All we can do is to appeal for assistance in preventing destruction of the Upper Selway, which is the only good clean river we have left of ita else in nortllem Idaho and one of tha few left in the Nation. Repreeentlat ive Hansen has said that there is not enough information on the Selway to justify introduction of a bill. '!'his is hot air. · Very truly yours, Morton Ro ~righam 3519 13th st. tewiaton, .Idaho 83501 Aug. 13, 1971 Rep. Orval danaen liouae Office Bldg. Washington D. c. 20515 Dear Mr. lianaena 41Jr; I ;; 1!11 I notice in the Lewiston Tribune an AP article fro. Sa::.mon that aa:va "A bill to Uke the Magruder Corridor along the Idaho•llontan• border a national wilderneaa area was critieiae~ aa prematur~ Wednesday by congreaamen and National Foreat directors fro. each atate.• The article goea on to a~y that ReP• Dick Shoup of Montana ansi OrVal lianaen of l4aho toured the borders in h4licoptera with Superv1aora Daniela and Bmeraon of the Bitterroot and Salmon Rational .lo'oreeta and that everyone 1n the rarty concluded Senatora Chu~ch and Metcalf do not have sufficient informat,1on. How I c~l your bluft' on thia. · Ir you do not think we or the Senators have IUl:Y information, Juat int11oduce a bill and call public hearinga on th11 bill and we will aee whether or not there 1a any intoi'IDilt1on. What you have done in this case !a to team up w,.th the Forest Service to spread the propaganda of the resource raider•• the sawloga-at•any coat mill o~ratora who would wreck th~ 3olwa~ to get a traction of th• logs raqu'red to run a little dinky mill. There baa been sufficient public information for many montha available to both Senators to point out the futility It logging thn upper Selway. There waa the Bolle R.port, the Se~e Report, the Reaouroe Inventory, the propoaed management plan released recently. I haYe aent s..,nator Ghurch over $40 wo~th ot pioturea ot the horrible logging in the St. Joe• Clearwater. and ~itterroot Foresta. Ther·e have been two publ~c bear1nga on toreatry practices, one in April in Washington and another Aug. 9 in Portl.and. Perhaps the Senat'or baa obtained more inforaat1on than you know about. Very truly youra, 14orton R. Brigham, i;hail'lllan Diatr1ot Two Wildlife Federation NEZ PERCE • IDAHO • LEWIS • LATAH • CLEARWATER COUNTIES OF IDAHO 3519 l~5th st. Lewiston, Idaho R3501 Aug. 5, 1971 RECEIVED H0 n. Frank Church U, S, S, S0nate Office Rlrt~. WashinRton D, c. 20510 AUG 9 1971 SENAh;,; f •• , , , ,;,\URC\+1 Dear Frank: Consflrvrrtion:tsts in IdR.ho are delighted that you havA joined Senator Metcalf in introducing a bill to place the Magruder Corridor in thfl WildArness System, Those of us who have worked ten to fifteen years on thts project want to express thanks for what you haV8 done in th8 way of poineering legislation not only in this case, but in connection with the Wildernnss Aot and the Wild Rivers Aot, Prior to passage of these items of' legislation ollr wild country and our rivers had no legal protection and both WAre beinr: deoimated at a terrifying pace, I do not beliAve there will be much if any controvP.rsy over the Maf:1'uder Corridor Rill, at least among the sportsmen and consArvationists, I would l:tke to hav'l a copy of thfl bill so that we can study it anrl :~et on with the job of hnlping it through Congress. v7n~R~, Morton R. Brigham, Chairman District Two WilrllifA ~'ederation 't'1 "tl CONSERVATION PLEDGE 1:r i;r I GIVE MY PLEDGE AS AN AMERICAN TO SAVE AND FAITHFULLY DEFEND FROM WASTE THE NATURAL RESOURCES OF MY COUNTRY- ITS SOIL AND MINERALS- ITS FORESTS, WATERS, AND WILDLIFE. 920 CONGRESS 1st Session .... s. IN THE SENATE OF TilE UNITED STATES A BILL To provide for the conveyance of the interest held by the United States of America in ,certain real property situated in the State of Idaho. Be it enacted by the Senate and the House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled. That the Secretary of the Interior is authorized and directed to convey to Willis 1'1. Ritter of Salt Lake County, Uta.h, all right, title and interest of the United States in and to real property situated in the State of Idaho, along the bank of the Snake River and more particularly described in Section 2 of this Act upon the payment to the United States of the sum of $13.90, being equal to $1.25 per acre of land. Section 2. The real property referred to in the first section of this Act is more particularly described as follows: Lots 9, 10 and 11, Section 17, Township 8 South, Range 14 East, Boise Meridian, Idaho, being a total of 11.12 acres of land . • much of the land adjacent to the Snake River. After completing • r ·- SUGGESTED COHHENTS FOR SENATOR HOSS IN SUPPORT OF THE PROPOSED PRIVATE LAW PERTAINING TO THE CONVEYANCE OF LAND TO JUDGE WILLIS W. RITTER The purpose of this bill is to prevent a gross injustice to an individual who owns and occupies property adjacent to the Snake River in southeastern Idaho. The individual involved is Willis W. Ritter, Chief Judge of the Federal District Court,for the District of Utah. Judge Ritter purchased a parcel of land in 1954, consisting of approximately 60 acres. The parcel was bounded o~ the west by the Snake River. The 60-ac~e tract includes three lots consisting of 11 acres. These three lots are the I subject matter of the bill. These lots are partially surrounded by water of the Snake River or its tributaries and thus have the appearance of islands. There is no problem or dispute with regard to the main 50-acre tract; the bill is concerned only with the three so-called islands. The land was surveyed in August, 1893, and no mention was made of.the three island lots described in the bill. A patent was issued on February 25, 1896, and makes no specific mention of the three islands. There is a close nexus between the three islands and the remaining 50-acres of mainland purchased by Judge Ritter. The geology and geography in the area strongly suggest that the land, which the Government now contends are three separate islands, was once part of the 50- acres of mainland, This would explain why the islands were not separately mentioned in the survey or the patent. In 1955 the Department of th~ Interior resurveyed much of the land adjacent to the Snake River. After completing ----------------------· ··--" -2- the·.survey, the Department asserted that the three islands were erroneously omitted from the survey of 1893 and not covered by the patent of 1896, and were therefore still part of the public domain. The assertion is grossly unfair. It overlooks the substantial probability that the three islands were, in fact, included in the survey and the patent as part of the mainland. If such is the case, the Department is in effect seizing the land by placing the burden of proving facts over 80 years old upon Judge Ritter. The Government refuses to accept presumptions of valid title and that lands now claimed to be omitted were in fact included in the survey. Even if the islands were separated and existed in their present form at the time of the survey and the issuance of the patent, they are nevertheless included within the patent since they are situated on the east side of the thread of the Snake River. The patent of 1896 and all subsequent conveyances describe the entire tract as being bounded on the west by t:he Snake River. At the time of the entry of the original patentee in 1889 and of the issuance of the patent in 1896, the law of the state.or territory was accepted by the Federal Government in determining the boundaries of the grant. The riparian law of the Territory in 1889 and of Idaho in 1896 clearly stated that when a river, whether nagivable or not, formed the boundary to a tract of land, the property line was the thread or center of such river. Since the Snake River ~/as the west boundary of the· tract covered by the patent and since the islands are situated • -3- on the·~ast side of the thread of that river, Judge Ritter and all his predecessors have regarded the islands as part of their land and have improved and cultivated the same. The law of Idaho changed in 1915 so that the property line of a tract bounded by a navigable river was the edge or meander line of the river rather than the thread. The Department of Interior has seized upon this change in the law to deprive Judge Ritter of the benefit of the Color of Title Act passed by Congress. The Color of Title Act provides that when a private citizen holds public land in good faith and peaceful adverse possession under Color of Title for a period of 20 years and has improved or cultivated said land, the secretary must issue such private citizen a patent to the land. However, the Secretary has refused to act under this statute on the sole ground that the change in the law occurred one year and nineteen days before the expiration of twenty years from the issuance of the patent. In making.the computation that the occupation of the land was one year and nineteen days short of the 20-year period required by the Color of Title Act, the Secretary did not include the seven year occupation of the original patentee prior to the issuance of the patent, even though the law is clear that all rights of a patentee relate back to the date of his original entry. Judge Ritter and his grantor alone have occupied the so-called islands and the other land for a total of 33 years, \vhich is 13 years longer than required by the terms of the • (.;•,. -4- Color-of Title Act. During this period of time they have cultivated this land and have made valuable improvements thereon. However, the Secretary of the Interior has refused torecognize this long period of occupation. The basis of the Secretary's decision is that the land was not occupied in good -faith, since a part of the continuous occupation took place subsequent to the C?ange of the law in 1915. Thus, it appears that by reason of a series of very technical decisions by the Secretary, unsupported by applicable court cases, and in violation of the intent of Congress, Judge Ritter has been deprived of the benefit of the Color of Title Act. That is the principal compelling reason why I am sponsoring this legislation. I don't believe we should allow the Secretary to violate our intent and ignore the equitable factors which prompted Congress to pass the legislation. Compare the equities of the situation confronting Judge Ritter to the concepts announced by sponsors of the Color of Title Act: In Judge Ritter's case, the Secretary ignores the fact that the land was.occupied for 26 years prior to the change of the Idaho law in. 1915, and for an additional 56 years since the change in the Idaho law. The Secretary does not seriously question that the land has been cultivated and improved; that Judge Ritter paid valuable consideration for the property in a good faith belief that he held marketable title; that the land has been occupied by private citizens since the original entry in 1889; that the United States ·Government never raised any question concerning this occupation -5- -. and the rights of ownership of private parties until the re-survey in 1955 and.then never really asserted ownership in-terests until recently. In sum, the position of the Secretary is that all of the elements under the color of title statute have been satisfied, except that of good faith. The Secretary recognizes good faith from 1896 to 1915, but claims what had been good faith was suddenly changed by a pronouncement of the Supreme Court of Idaho. This 1915 Idaho case was totally unrelated to the property involved here and did not involve Judge Ritter or any of his predecessors in interest. The 1915 case is subject to varying interpreta-tions, particularly as to its application to these facts. And what of the years of good faith ownership from the date of entry in 1889 until the patent in 1896, which the Secretary chooses to ignore in his calculation of the 20-year period. In the fact of the legislative history of the Color of Title Act the actions of the Secretary are plainly arbitrary and capricious. The Act was designed to prevent the kind of injustices I have just described. Good faith consists of an honest intention to act, because of an absence of all infor-mation or knowledge of facts, even though the forms or technicalities of the law may establish a view different from the honest intention. I can't sec how good faith can be changed because of a technical legal conclusion in remote and unrelated litigation. This is precisely the situation where good faith should be particularly applicable not where it should be automatically withdrawn. -6- But even assuming the inapplicability of the Color of Title Act and of the riparian law of the Territory and of the State of Idaho, I do not believe that the Secretary of the Interior should be allowed to seize land by merely alleging an error on the part of the original Government surveyor 80 years after the fact and thus require the landovmer to prove no mistake was made. ', Legislative history of a Color of Title Act shows that it was intended to decrease the number of private laws, but not to eliminate the passage of private laws in hardship cases which may not fall within the precise and sometimes technical terms of the Act, even though equities support relief. This situation which may, according to the Secretary, fall barely short of coming within the terms of the Act is a proper subject for a private law. It should be noted that only 11.12 acres of land are involved, hardly enough to further any significant purpose of the Government. The land is more valuable when used as private land and is suited only for private purposes. It is also significant to note that if the Government did take possession of the land described in the bill, the land is not accessible to anyone other than Judge Ritter. Any public use of the land would seriously impair Judge Ritter's quiet enjoyment of the remaining 50-acres over which there is no dispute. I think this is a case in which the passage of a private law is necessary to prevent manifest injustice, and I urge prompt action on this measure. . . . "· .... ... .... . .. .... .•·'.·• ::·. ·,, ~- ... ~ '·. 7j S E;•st ""·' isade Avenue, 2A Fngl·~wood C1 iffa, New Jersey 07632 Th<mk you for. your letter regnrding the Om:l ttuu r,ands Act wl1ich would authorize the Department of the Interior to soll certain lands along the ~nake River in Idaho. This is brought about by a faulty survey made appro:dtnatcly n cl?ntury ago. 1\ resurvey determined that a good many people who thought they had title and occupy this land in good faith were threatened with losing their property. I think this is good legislation and a hoaring has been scheduled on this bill for September 3C by the Public Lands Subcommittee. I can assure you that the legislation will not ruin the naturalness of the snake River. With best wishes, Sincerely, Frank Church, u. s. s. vLht11'.Ji, rn_-,;~~\ CHURCH. H. Schulz The Honorable Frank Church Senate Office Building Washington, D. c. 20510 REI SNAKE RIVER Dear Senator Church: 715 East Palisade Avenue, 2l Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey 07632 Wednesday, July 7, 1971 I am foggy on the status or the whole mesa. although the Idaho omitted Landa Act authorized the Department or the Interior to sell such lands, I understand nothing similar has yet passed ooncerni~ auoh lands in wyoming. Are private interests getting these lands, in either !ra'te, to ruin the natUl"alneas of the Snake? Please tell me what is going on, and what I oan do to preserve the snake. Thank you. Senator Frank Church of Idaho New Senate Office Building Washington, D. C. 20510 Dear Senator Church: 806 Holter Eolom,, rontana 59601 July 19. 1971 As a citizen who deeply feels that outstanding natural areas RtCI 1!/i : · must be preserved for the benefit of the vast majority of U. S. citizens, I strongly urge you to take a stronger stand in your efforts to save Hells Canyon and the Snake River from impoundment. I also urge you to request intervention by the Environmental Protection Agency and to request of Senatmr Jackson that hearings be scheduled. SL, .. REcevro AUG 9 ym_ nan Percuaon 1320 11th Claftaton, Washington Dear De.n: August 17, 1971 I certainly appreoiate J0U7 otter ot ~rt ell' ., bill to oreat the Upper Selw~ Vilcle:mess Area (Mapucler Oorrldor~ Ve &J'e p6ns to neecl all the help that we Clll'l since not eveQ• one tavora the bill. May I suggest that you and your :frienll write to the other ••bera ot the Cone;reaalonal delegation trom Washington and Icl&bo to urge the!! support tor the bill, s. 2390. I &110 tb1nk that a petition._ ... by nwabera ot interested citi._. would be uaef'ul, although not &a m.uch u individual lettera. Shoull you want to c1rau1ate a petition, you could uae al.IIOit any f'ol'ID that you lld.cht want. For example! we. the undersigned, petition the 92nd eoncreas aaaelllbled to enact Senate bill 2390, 1ntronoecl by San& tor Prank atmrch and Senator Lee Metcalf, creatin& the upper Sel~ Vllclernesa 1n the state ot Icl&bo. State 8uoh a petition ooulcl be torwa.rded to JOV Oonpeaa10ftal •eleptlon tor tnnllldtt&l to the Senate Iatel'lor Md Ialular Attatta Oc 'ttee. Your 1upport tor 'Ule Mapwter Oorrlclor area 11 ••t weloOJU. Please let • DuN lt I au be • further help. BnolOIUftl VPtlo Sincerely, Senator F ank Church State 0f !de.l:l.Gl Wa!l!hinston, D. C .•. Sir; G. SrUDMORE V.'ELL DRILLING LICEi'ISED & BONDED PHONE • W.A.6-7603 ClEARW ATE~, IDAHO 83; , : REcnvrn ~a-& : 2. ''-~'' ._,....... ;,t,~·i<' i '. . .. " ' ' \•\iiti L::uF/l,fj Cl<.lngilatulatienlJ on your atand to preaerve th.e Magruder corridor fram the timber piratea. I l1ave been there several time11 c1unting and fililhing, tl1ere should be a3meparts of tb.is grand state left fram the cursed clear cuta and four lane roads-. Al th~a th? t road is a one lane read, nar:·ow and steep, it is really a pleasure tG drive, you might meet one or t1;a1 cars or :oickupa in a days drive back there and you botll stop a."ld pass the time of day, ho~m the fishing or hunting etc. The Grangeville chamber of Commerce dows not represent the people of this county nor the state of Idaho, all they 1fant i10 tG keep taere 01mokey &a\illlilla running full blas:IJ • Very truly yours G.Sk1d.more Aug. IO, I97I ) I LAW OFFICES RAPAICH & KNUTSON ELl RAPAICH LOREN G. KNUTSON Honorable Frank Church MILLER BUILDING NEZPERCE, JDAHO 83643 WEsT 7-240A9 ugust 5 , 1971 " LEWISTON OFFICE SUITE 2, PORTER BUILDING 622 MAIN STREET SHERWOOD 3-9496 United States Senate Office Building Washington, D. C. 20510 t.li !-, ·,;, '·'.· •.. Dear Frank: -nL/R('-1 I wanted to write to you to congratulate you on your decision to co-sponsor with Senator Metcalf of Montana, legislation to protect the Selway River and the anadromous fishery resource, by putting the Magruder Corridor in a wilderness classification. As you know, probably better than any of us, we are in deep and serious trouble trying to save this fishery resource, that is a multi-million dollar business in the northwest. We are almost to late as it is, but hopefully people are now sufficiently aroused that we may yet save these valuable fish runs from extinction. There is simply no way that I can see, that we could justify taking a chance with the major spawning streams supporting this fishery resource, at the same time we are desperately trying to get the runs through the dams on the Snai<e and Columbia. Putting in slotted gates on the dams is going to do little good if we destroy the spawning beds in the headwaters by careless land management. If people, through their Congress, at some future time decide that these areas should not be wilderness they can certainly declassify them, if it should appear to be necessary in the national interest, but until such time, in view of the Forest's spectacular inability to successfully road the Idaho batholith, the only way these areas can be protected is by wilderness classification. I personally thank you for having made this decision. I think it is wise and I am sure when it is fully understood by your constituents, you will find that the great majority will agree with this legislation. I sincerely hope that the Congress will act favorably in this session. Very truly yours, Lore LGK/s :lp AIRMAIL August 2, 1971 RECE!V[f'J AUG 4 Senator Frank Church United States Senate Washington D.C. 20515 Dear Senator Church: .. 1977 "'-liriTiJJ? fRAN/1 CHURCH We are delighted with your introduction of the Upper Selway Wilderness Bill. We were of course expecting trouble with the hearings for the Management proposal for the Magruder Corridor. The Selway-Bitterroot group of the Sierra Club is composed of members residing in Clearwater, Nezperce, and Lewis Counties in the state of Idaho and Asotin County, Washington. Our geographical area encompasses most of the current and proposed Selway Wilderness areas. I would like very much to have copies of the bill to distribute here prior to the hearings. JAKB/dlk John A.K. Barker Chairman Selway-Bitterroot group of the Sierra Club UNIVERSITY OF" IDAHO MOSCOW, IDAHO 83843 10 August 1971 The Honorable Frank Church Old Senate Office Building Washington, D.C. 20204 Dear Senator Church, College of Mines DEPARTMENT OF GEOGRAPHY ' :_ I I look with great pleasure upon your legislation concerning the Magruder Corridor. I congratulate you as do other persons familiar with that area. I recently obtained a copy of the Forest Service proposal, but no mention was made in it of the proposed boundaries. I have been researching the decision-making process in relation to the determination and location of the Selway-Bitterroot Wilderness boundaries. I discovered many instances of haphazard, illogical, and perhaps even unfounded principles used in establishing the current boundaries of that unit. And these are not necessarily directed at the Forest Service, but at some special-interest pressure groups as well. In establishing the boundaries of the Upper Selway Wilderness special attention should be given to those boundaries. I would greatly appreciate receiving your recommendations for these boundaries and the other proposals as you receive them. All of this will fit very neatly into my research and thesis. Thanking you in advance, I remain, IDAHO'S COLLEGE OF MINES-Sincerely yours, ~ tJ /IJrJ-c{ Clifford H. Wood Department of University of Moscow, Idaho Geography Idaho 83843 ftAY TERHAAR, P'lftaT OlaTftiCT G.-KilNW:IIIlllK, IDAHO R. 0. WILLIAMS, CHAIRMAN, SECOND DISTRICT GRANGEVILLE, IDAHO IDAHO COUNTY, STATE OF IDAHO LEWIS A. CREA, THIRD DlaTftiCT P'llNN, IDAHO BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS Senator Frank Church U, S, Senate Washington, D.C. Dear Senator Church, IDAHO COUNTY GRANGEVILLE, IDAHO 83!530 August 10, 1971 RECfMIJ AUG 13 Wh We, the Board of Commissioners of Idaho County, wish to vigorous:cy protest your introduction and support of legislation to classify the Magruder Corridor in Idaho County as Wilderness, vie wish to remind you that this area has been under study from the time Mr. Freeman was Secretary of Agriculture, A 2~ year inventory of the area resources has been made, and extensive involvement by elected officials, advisory groups and private individuals to arrive at a management proposal for this area is nearing completion. In fact, hearings on September 14, and September 16, are already scheduled to fjnalize the general management direction of this Corridor, Your introduction of a bill which would nullify and bypass all this work is a disservice to the people of Idaho County, the people of the State of Idaho, and all the professional people in the Forest Service, Soil Conservation Service, Fish and Wildlife Service, etc, 'Who have worked on this management proposal. We strongly deplore and oppose this bill. Yours tru:cy, a ji /;:;_1~ RayF. Terhaar z:ChC.rmm~ Lewis A. Crea Member
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|Documents, correspondence, and news clippings related to Frank Church Wilderness issues
|Searchable Date
|Senate Interior Committee announces hearings on Coal Gasification legislation. Post- Register article. Frank Church correspondence. Congressional Memorandum on Upper Snake River project. Russell Chadwick (Northwest Mining Association) statement to Committee on Interior and Insular affairs.
|Subject (TGM I)
Opposition (Political science)
|Location (TGN)
Salmon Falls River (United States, North and Central America : river)
Sawtooth Valley (Idaho, United States : valley)
Hells Canyon National Recreation Area (United States, North and Central America : nature reserve)
|42.2000; 43.8500; 45.5500
|-114.7333; -114.7500; -116.5000
|Location (TGN) ID
|2638522; 2646285; 7020822
Sawtooth Wilderness
Hells Canyon Wilderness (Oregon and Idaho)
Selway-Bitterroot Wilderness.
|Frank Church
|Frank Church Papers, MSS 56, Series 2.3, Box 2 Folder 9. Boise State University Special Collections and Archives.
|Contributing institution
|Boise State University, Albertsons Library Special Collections and Archives
|Resource type
|Original physical format
|Digital format
|Ordering and permissions
|The contents of this item, including all images and text, are for personal, educational, and non-commercial use only. The contents of this item may not be reproduced in any form without the express permission of Boise State University Special Collections and Archives. For permissions or to place an order, please contact the Head of Special Collections and Archives at (208) 426-3958 or firstname.lastname@example.com.
|Full Text
June 2, 1971
Honorable Niak Begich
u. s. House of Representatives
Washington, D. c.
Dear congressman Begich:
Thank you for your letter enclosing a page from
the Congressional Record of May 27th with your state-ment
supporting the Sawtooth bill, B.R. 6957. This is
truly appreciated.
Frank Church,U. s. s.
June 23, 1971
Miss Amy Isaksen, Secretary
Madison Civinette Club
262 East 1st south
Rexburg, Idaho 83440
Dear Miss Isaksen:
Be assured that both Senator Jordan and I share
your .concern and that of the Madison High Civinette
Club of Rexburg reg•rding the fate of the White Clouds.
The House of Representatives h~s just completed
hearings on a bill, B.R. 6957, to establish a Sawtooth
National Recreation Area. It ia identical to s. 1407,
the bill senator Jordan and I introduced in the Senate,
and would afford considerable protection for the White
Clouds if enacted. Because of your interest, I am
encloain q a copy of s. 1407.
You will note thet if affords a moratorium of five
years on any new mining claims in the White Clouds, and
also provides for a National Park Study. In addition,
it would place the Sawtooth Primitive Area in the National
Wilderness Preservation System. One of the most tmportant
things ia that it would establish the recreation area which
would provide protection against commercial development of
the beautiful Sawtooth Valley Basin. I think this is good
legislation and will provide a major step toward saving
that beautiful mountain region .er all ttme.
I would like to compliment your club for ita interest
in this problem.
With all beat wishes,
Frank Church, u. s. s.
INTERIOR AND INl ULAR AFFAIRS
SENATOR HERRY M. JACKSON (D-Wash.)
June 3, 1971
Senate Interior Committee announces
hearings on Coal Gasification legislation
Senator Henry M. Jackson, (D-Wash.), Chairman of the Senate
Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs announced today that the
Committee will hold hearings on July 27 and 28 on s. 1846, a bill
introduced by him and Senator Moss (D-Utah), which would establish a
coal gasification corporation. Jackson said, "the measure is intended
to provide a framework for government and industry to cooperate in
the essential job of bringing technology for the production of gas
from coal to commercial reality."
"Experts agree projections of the demand for natural gas
compared to the supplies which will be available from conventional
sources, both domestic and foreign, show that general shortages will
occur early in the 1970s and will grow rapidly. Local shortages of
gas have already been experienced in a number of places. There is
general agreement that regardless of steps which may be taken to
increase production or find new sources of natural gas, supplements
will be necessary from synthetic gas by 1980."
"The increasing dsireability of natural gas as a fuel, because
of its ease of transportability and because it is pollution-free
when burned, adds urgency to the need to meet the demand."
Processes for the conversion of coal to synthetic gas have
been known for many years," Jackson said," and research work to
improve the processes has been underway in the country. What is
needed now is the incentive and assistance for industry to take
the expensive steps toward development of full size, commercial plants.
Under the best of circumstances, 6 to 10 years will be necessary to
attain production capability and we can wait no longer to take that
S. 1846 has the following provisions:
First. It would create a Government-industry, jointly
supported and operated corporation with the objective of
demonstrating on a commercial scale at least two alternative
methods for the production of gas from coal.
Second. The corporation would have a life limited to
this single objective and would be abolished when the
objective ~as attained.
Third. Financing would be shared by Government and industry
thus assuring a deep commitment by industry to the successful
outcome of the effort.
Fourth. The corporation would be managed by an entity
responsible to a Board of Directors made up of representatives
of industry and Government. The ratio of industry to Government
financial support could be used as the basis for division
of membership on the board.
Jackson said that the total effort may cost as much as $500
million. He said, "The corporation concept was employed in the bill
to enable industry to participate intimately in the <'ffort which
would be impossible if leadership resided with a Federal agency. The
corporation also would be established for a definite term and could
be expected to attract personnel who anticipated a future in commercial
coal gasification industries. Too often, such research and
development efforts within established agencies come to be viewed as
c -~
- 2 -
permanent programs and the incentive to reach an ultimate goal is
Jackson said he looks forward to the forthcoming hearings
as an opportunity for the involved fuel industries to express their
opinions of his proposal. "If there are other recommendations of
means to achieve coal gasification capability, I want to consider
them," he said, "but I am convinced that we have to take definte
steps to achieve it as soon as possible."
Honorable Frank Church
United States Senate
Washington, D. C. 20510
Dear Senator Church:
June 7, 197l
Once in a while something comes along extra special in our world of Forest
Industries, and it is indeed extra special when we can relay this information
and present it with understanding to the lay general public
With great pleasure I wish to present to you your copy of The Secret Life
of The Forest, by author Richard M. Ketchum in co-operation with St. Regis
Paper Company. This excellent book is superbly illustrated by Mr. Jack
Kunz and is extremely readable for an otherwise dry technical subject, and
I might add, very timely, environmentally speaking.
Mr. Ketchum and the American Heritage Press people are exposing the general
public to the forest secrets, including the giant oxygen factory, regeneration,
both from selective and the "politically hot" clear cutting
ha~hods, as well as-many;many other proven forest facts. Our
lOCal Lodgepole Pine and Douglas Fir are also shade intolerant species.
LEmotional environmental legislation will not service this country's for- l est products' total needs, nor will it change Mother Nature's forest facts.
I hope this fine book will bring to you a greater understanding of forest
environment--happy reading.
... ,_
. /
·-f. ' ~
~-." ... J!'",, ,f' ··'_"•,. ("-'~. !'
/ /_, '/ .
'F r:J nk Church.
Dcrw:wrat. IS rc·spondin!; to ~;h:lrJl
criticism of Uw U.S. Forest St'·rvicp';.:
pf'onits to ''de;oJ>\:ut" timber on
f,:•deral lands by posing qnestivns t.:t:•.i
he expects to be ansv.;t:red U1is nwnlh.
H timberlands adjaceut to sc._--n;v
~J.rc:ts :~ttch as Yellowst(,~lf' ;'\lation~:i
i ';n·k are swt~pt cl(~~Hl of tr•:'(·:~, do(~:-; it
n()t t:l:;((;.;un~ the~ <:ll'l.:\i ~:;Hl <:.' il
consmlc.Ult \~lil.h what sho·,Jld tw dw


text: As our species has become more technologically advanced, we've become more distanced from the world our distant ancestors inhabited, back when they were focusing on how to walk about on two legs. Largely this has been a good development as now we don't have to worry about being eaten by a wild animal . . . → Read More: Rocketbirds: Hardboiled Chicken Review (PC)

subset: commoncrawl


text:
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Even if your pet is not getting any vaccines, it is still essential that your veterinarian have the opportunity to give your animal companion a thorough wellness examination at least every year (and make that every 6 months for chronically ill or elderly animals). Why?
1. By checking your pet regularly, your veterinarian can catch potential problems early. For instance, it is estimated that 85% of dogs and cats who go to the vet for any reason have significant dental disease; and virtually all pets over the age of 3 have dental disease of some kind. Left untreated, dental disease can lead to painful tooth decay as well as systemic illness due to chronic infection. Every veterinarian can tell a dozen stories of serious problems such as cancer and heart disease that were discovered at an annual exam, even though the animal seemed normal at home. Because many animals tend to be very stoic, they often do not show symptoms until disease is very advanced. Early diagnosis increases the chances of successful intervention and treatment.
2. A rough estimate of cat/dog years to human years is about 5:1, after the first two years (which equal about 10 years each). If your pet does not visit the veterinarian annually, this is the same as you not having a check-up for ten years or more. And while you would know if you were experiencing pain or not feeling good, your pet cannot tell you if there's a problem. By thoroughly examining your animal and asking you about appetite and behavior, your veterinarian can assess her health more fully and make appropriate recommendations to keep her as healthy as possible.
3. Veterinary medicine is in a constant state of change and advancement, now more than ever. New information is becoming available at an increasingly rapid pace. The annual visit is a good time for your vet to communicate to you any recent developments that could affect your pet's health. For example, pet vaccination recommendations have changed radically in the past four or five years, and continue to change today. Additionally, there is new information coming out all the time on links between diet and disease that may affect what you feed your pet.
The annual veterinary exam is a small investment of time, effort and money that will more than pay for itself in better health and longer life for your animal companion.
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text:
Low Level Laser Therapy for the Treatment of Provoked Vestibulodynia (LLLT)
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|ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01149031
Recruitment Status : Terminated
First Posted : June 23, 2010
Last Update Posted : March 24, 2015
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Provoked vestibulodynia, previously called vulvar vestibulitis syndrome, is clinically defined as chronic, unexplained, vulvar pain or discomfort confined to the vulvar vestibule in response to contact or pressure. In addition, many patients also have pain in response to non-sexual activities such as tampon insertion, gynecological examinations or physical pursuits such as bicycle riding; the severity of other vulvo-vaginal symptoms such as itching, burning and irritation varies. Once women with provoked vestibulodynia develop the syndrome, symptoms may last for months or years; as a result, provoked vestibulodynia has a profound effect on women's sexuality and psychological well-being. The diagnosis of provoked vestibulodynia is usually made by ascertaining if the patient fulfills modified Friedrich's criteria, consisting of 1) a history of vulvar pain, dyspareunia or pain with tampon insertion, 2) tenderness of the vestibule when being touched with a cotton-tip applicator and 3) no identifiable cause for the pain.
The etiology of this condition remains unknown. Proposed causes include chronic inflammation, peripheral neuropathy, genetic, immunologic and hormonal factors, infectious, psychological disorders, sexual dysfunction or disturbance in the central nervous system. Because the cause of provoked vestibulodynia remains unknown, many different treatments have been described for this condition, including topical and intra-lesional corticosteroids, topical anesthetics such as lidocaine, topical estrogen, topical or oral antidepressants or anti-convulsants, biofeedback or physical therapy, surgical resection of the involved tissue (vestibulectomy) and a variety of complementary and alternative therapies.
Low level laser therapy (LLLT) is an emerging medical technique in which exposure to low-level laser light or light emitting diodes might stimulate or inhibit cellular function, possibly leading to beneficial clinical effects. Clinical applications that show some potential of effectiveness include treating soft tissue injury, chronic pain, and wound healing. The usage of low level laser therapy was found effective in various pain syndromes, and has no side effects.
Since inflammatory mechanisms have been proposed in the pathogenesis of provoked vestibulodynia, and as there is no effective therapy for this syndrome, the investigators intend to study whether low level laser therapy might be an effective therapy for provoked vestibulodynia.
|Condition or disease
|Provoked Vestibulodynia
|Device: LOW LEVEL LASER SYSTEM
|Not Applicable
|Study Type :
|Interventional (Clinical Trial)
|Actual Enrollment :
|34 participants
|Intervention Model:
|Parallel Assignment
|Triple (Participant, Care Provider, Investigator)
|Primary Purpose:
|Study Start Date :
|June 2010
|Actual Primary Completion Date :
|October 2012
|Actual Study Completion Date :
|December 2013
Active Comparator: low level laser therapy, using a probe
The treatment will be done by using a LLL-probe touching several areas of the vulvar vestibule, according to the selected protocol.
Every patient will be treated twice weekly for 6 weeks.
Device: LOW LEVEL LASER SYSTEM
Other Name: LASER DIODE CLASS 3B,OMEGA XP
Placebo Comparator: Placebo
The patients will be treated with placebo-probe, according to the same protocol
Device: LOW LEVEL LASER SYSTEM
Other Name: LASER DIODE CLASS 3B,OMEGA XP
- Change in vestibular pain level(as measured by variable parameters) [ Time Frame: 7 weeks (at the end of treatment protocol) ]Response to treatment will be assessed by change in pain by numeric rating scale of a weekly Tampon Test, change in overall daily pain intensity (24 hour numeric rating scale), frequency of sexual intercourse, the change in intercourse pain numeric rating scale, and the cotton swab test pain level by verbal reporting scale. In addition, patients will complete quality-of-life questionnaires (Brief Pain Inventory and Neuropathic Pain Scale)
Choosing to participate in a study is an important personal decision. Talk with your doctor and family members or friends about deciding to join a study. To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the contacts provided below. For general information, Learn About Clinical Studies.
|Ages Eligible for Study:
|18 Years to 50 Years (Adult)
|Sexes Eligible for Study:
|Accepts Healthy Volunteers:
Inclusion Criteria:
- Patients with provoked vestibulodynia who meet modified Friedrich's criteria, after exclusion of other vulvar disorders, who are willing to participate in the study.
Exclusion Criteria:
- Pregnancy
To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the contact information provided by the sponsor.
Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier (NCT number): NCT01149031
|Ahinoam Lev-Sagie
|Jerusalem, Israel
|Principal Investigator:
|Ahinoam Lev-Sagie, MD
|Hadassah Medical Organization, Jerusalem
|Responsible Party:
|Ahinoam Lev-Sagie, Clinic for vulvovaginal disorders, Hadassah Medical Organization
|ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:
|NCT01149031 History of Changes
|Other Study ID Numbers:
|First Posted:
|June 23, 2010 Key Record Dates
|Last Update Posted:
|March 24, 2015
|Last Verified:
|March 2015
Keywords provided by Ahinoam Lev-Sagie, Hadassah Medical Organization:
Provoked Vestibulodynia
Low Level Laser Therapy
Additional relevant MeSH terms:
Vulvar Vestibulitis
Vulvar Diseases
Genital Diseases, Female


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Woman found dead behind Cinemagic identified, still no word on cause of deathBy RYAN O'CONNOR
Union Leader Correspondent
February 27. 2014 1:35PM
HOOKSETT – Roughly 48 hours after being alerted to a body found in a wooded area between a residential neighborhood and Cinemagic IMAX Theaters, investigators have identified the remains.
Though the woman had no identification on her when police found her, the investigation determined she is Cindy Bowdoin, 42, of Hooksett.
According to a joint report from the New Hampshire Attorney General's Office, in collaboration with Hooksett Police and the state police Major Crimes Unit, Bowdoin was last seen alive on the morning of Monday, Feb. 24, the day before her body was found.
According to the report, a man walking through the woods shortly after noon on Tuesday discovered the remains in a lightly wooded area situated between Cinemagic at 1226 Route 3 and a row of homes on Sherwood Drive.
The man called 911 to notify authorities, and first responders confirmed Bowdoin was, in fact, dead, and began an investigation into the circumstances of her death.
An autopsy, conducted Wednesday by the Office of the Chief Medical Examiner, did not definitively determine a cause and manner of death, and additional studies are still pending.


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