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So, refreshing to focus all of our thoughts, all of our hymns, all of our Scripture reading, and now our look at the Word of God on this marvelous reality of the resurrection of the Lord Jesus Christ because this is the cornerstone of the Christian Gospel. Just as the heart pumps life giving blood through the body, so the resurrection of Jesus Christ is the heart that pumps life-giving truth through the soul. It is the resurrection that is the cornerstone of the Christian faith.
In fact, the apostle Paul says, "If you believe in your heart that God has raised Jesus from the dead, and can confess him as Lord with your mouth, you will be saved," Romans10:9 and 10. Christians to the centuries have staked their eternal destiny on the reality of the resurrection. And this indicates that we look forward to the light that is to come. We live realizing that this world is not all there is.
In fact, it's not even the most important part. In fact, in many ways it's unimportant except that it can be lived to the Glory of God. We live for our blessed hope. We set our affections on things above, and not on things on the earth. We live in light of the life which is to come in the presence of God in the Glory of eternal Heaven. It was the resurrection of Jesus Christ that established our hope.
Because He lives, we live also. He said, "I am the resurrection and the life. Whoever believes in Me shall never die." In the real sense, those who believe in Christ never really die. Oh yes, there's a moment in the physical life when we cease to be only to awaken instantaneously in the Glory of the life that God has prepared for His own. Everything in Christianity hinges on the issue of the resurrection. Because He lives, we will live forever.
If He does not rise, neither do we, and we have no hope. For Christians, life is not really about this world. We live here because the Lord has put us here for really one purpose, and that is to glorify His name, to draw others into His Kingdom until such a time as He calls us to that very Kingdom. The resurrection is so critical to us that there is no Christianity without it. There is no Gospel without it. There is no hope without it.
That is why throughout history the resurrection has been attacked and assaulted, even down to the very present time. It is also why Christians have been imprisoned and embattled and persecuted and assaulted and beaten and executed, but the world has never been able to cause the church to give up its confidence in the resurrection. It has always been and always will be the foundation of our faith, and thus, it is the point of attack. Scripture anticipates that.
It anticipates that those who hate God and hate Christ and hate the Gospel, Satan and all his minions as well as all those who are his earthly children are going to assault the resurrection or minimize the resurrection or treat with indifference. But in one way or another, the resurrection is going to be attacked.
That's why the New Testament marshals its forces to give testimony to the resurrection. In the earliest of the writings of the New Testament, Matthew and Mark, there is clear evidence of the resurrection. In the earliest if the epistles, 1Corinthians, there is an entire chapter on the resurrection. I want you to turn to that chapter this morning, 1Corinthians15.
Fifty-eight verses, thee only doctrinal issue really dealt with in this entire epistle, the resurrection. By the way, 1Corinthians was written before the account I read you this morning in John. Luke wrote his account after 1Corinthians. 1Corinthians was written about 20years after the resurrection, at least 40years before the Gospel of John. So John's Gospel is written maybe 50 or more years after the resurrection.
When you come to 1Corinthians, you come to a very early defense of the resurrection, before Luke, before John, maybe before Matthew and Mark. But certainly, around the very same time that Matthew and Mark were written, 1Corinthians was written. Matthew and Mark, Luke, and John all give testimony to the resurrection and so does 1Corinthians. All of these know the assault are gonna come against this great truth because it is the cornerstone of our faith.
This great chapter in 1Corinthians15 opens up with Paul's defense on what we would call "direct grounds." There is in the court of law categorical placing of evidence. There is circumstantial evidence and there is what is called "direct evidence." This is primarily direct evidence, the most formidable evidence eyewitness testimony, personal testimony of those who have encountered the power and presence of the risen Christ. This is irrefutable testimony. It comes a long five lines. And I just want to expose you to the five areas of the testimony that come in the opening 11verses. Let me read them to you.
"Now I make known to you brother in the Gospel which I preach to you which also you received and which also you stand. By which also you are saved if you hold fast the word which I've preached to you unless you believed in vein. For I delivered you as of first importance what I also received that Christ died for our sins according to the Scriptures, that He was buried, that He was raised on the third day according to the Scriptures, that He appeared to Cephas, or Peter, then to the twelve, and after that He appeared to more than 500brethren at one time, most of whom remain until now. But some have fallen asleep.
"Then he appeared to James, then to all the apostles, the last of all as it were to one untimely born, He appeared to me also for I am the last of the apostles who am not fit to be called an apostle because I persecuted the church of God. But by the grace of God, I am what I am, and His grace toward me did not prove vein, but I labored even more than all of them. Yet not I that the grace of God with me, whether then it was I or they, so we preach and so you believed."
Paul is acting here like an attorney for the defense of the resurrection. This is powerful, substantial, firm, convincing, irrefutable testimony to its validity. And if Christ rose, then He is my Lord and my God. And if He rose, He is the Messiah and He is the Savior, and the death conqueror and the sin bearer. And so the testimony of these witnesses comes against any denials of this resurrection.
Let's look at the first category of testimony, the testimony of the church, the testimony of the saved. Verse1, "Now I make known to you, brethren, the Gospel which I preach to you, which also you received, in which also you stand, by which also you are saved if you hold fast the Word which I preach to you, unless you believed in vein."
Paul starts out with an emphatic introduction, "I make known to you, brethren. I am affirming the Gospel to you. I am declaring the Gospel which I preached to you," when he was with them, the Gospel which they heard, which they believed, by which they were saved, and in which they continue to stand and persevere.
And what he is saying here is, "My message is what you have already believed. My message is what you have already experienced. My message is what has made you what you are, the living church. You received it. You stand it in." That's a perfect tense, by the way. Perfect tense in the Greek means, "Something that happens in past time with ongoing effect."
"You took your stand on the validity of the Gospel. I'm not gonna tell you anything different than I told you in the past. And when I told you the Gospel, which is the Gospel of Christ, which is His death and burial and resurrection, you received it, and you believed it. And you took your stand on it. And you are still standing there. You entered into the realm of faith, and you're still there."
That is to say, the permanent condition, the permanent experience, the permanent state of the Corinthian church is evidence of a risen Christ. You have been transformed by faith in that Gospel by that living Christ. And the verb, "You are saved," is present tense. You are continually saved. And it emphasizes perseverance. You received it. And now you continue to stand in it and to continue to be saved by it. Salvation is not just something that happens in the past. Justification happened in the past. Sanctification is an ongoing reality. We are being saved. We are constantly being delivered from the power of sin, someday to be delivered from even the presence of sin.
"You are," he says, "living testimony to the power of the resurrection of Christ because you have believed and you are experiencing the salvation that Christ provided in His death and resurrection." This, by the way, is an essential element to the Gospel. How else can you explain the church? How else can you explain the ongoing power of the church? How else can you explain conversion, salvation, sanctification, our experience with the living Christ?
You are, even today, testimony to the truth of the resurrection. "Unless --" there's a caveat. See it in Verse2? "Unless you have believed in vein." There are people who believe with no effect. That's what it means, to believe with no impact, who believe uselessly. It is a superficial faith that only qualifies you to be a demon, because the demons believe, too.
And so always the New Testament points this out. It's almost as if the writers of the New Testament were in a hurry to throw this caveat in out of the fear that people are going to believe in a superficial and shallow way. Paul says, Colossians1:22, "He has reconciled you through death to present you before Him holy and blameless and beyond reproach if, indeed, you continue in the faith." If you continue. Is that something we have to do? No. Continuing is evidence of a real conversion. Continuing is evidence of a real conversion. If you are persevering, you're the real thing. John8, Jesus said, "If you continue in My Word, then you're My real disciple."
So Paul is just simply saying if your faith is saving faith, as evidenced by holding fast the Word, never denying the Word, never rejecting the Word of the Gospel, the truth that saves. If you are holding fast to that and persevering in that faith then you are the living testimony to the truth of the resurrection. That's the first place you go. You look at the church and you see the living Christ alive in His people.
If any man is in Christ, he is a new creation. We have experienced that. We experienced the power of Christ in our lives. We experienced the providential work. We experienced the ministry of the Spirit of God. We experienced an answered prayer, power for service, spiritual joy. We experienced brokenness, penitence, the work of the spirit convicting us of sin. All of that is the evidence of the Spirit of God at work. We experience love for Christ.
The Spirit of God is showing us the things of Christ and making us love the things of Christ. We are living proof of the resurrection. Have the crucifixion of Jesus. End of the story? Had there been no resurrection, there would be no Christian church. The disciples who scattered would have stayed scattered never to gather again.
They would have gone back into some level of obscurity from which they came, disappointed at the waste of three years except for some ethical lessons they may have learned, but that being way overwhelmed and overpowered by disappointment. The crucified Messiah would be no Messiah at all. The messiah rejected by Judaism and executed, never to be seen again, would be in everyone's judgment verified as a fraud, and not at all the true Messiah.
That's why Romans1:4 says that God declared Him to be the Christ by raising Him from the dead. Kenneth Scott Latourette, the great historian who wrote The History of the Expansion of Christianity, said, "It was the conviction of the resurrection of Jesus which lifted His followers out of the despair into which His death had cast them and led to the perpetuation of the movement, begun by Him. But for their profound belief that the crucified had risen from the dead, and that they had seen Him and talked with Him, the death of Jesus, and even Jesus Himself would probably have been all but forgotten."
You wouldn't be here. There wouldn't be any Christianity. But here we are. And the church has been alive since the day of the resurrection really. And believers have been holding fast all through their lives to this great truth, living proof that Christ is alive, the corporate church alive and well in the world, the experience of every believer testimony to the living Christ.
There's a second line of evidence when you think about the resurrection, and that is in Verses3 and 4. The testimony of Scripture, the testimony of Scripture. "For I delivered you," Verse3, "as of first importance. Why also received that Christ died for our sins according to the Scriptures and that He was buried and that He was raised on the third day according to the Scriptures."
If anybody would say to me, "What is the Gospel? What is the Gospel?" this is the passage I would go to because Verse1 says, "I make known to you, brethren, the Gospel; the Gospel with the good news which I preach to you. And then as the _____ which you received in which you stand, by which you're saved, if your faith is the real thing," then he goes back to the beginning, "For I delivered to you," which is another way of saying, "I make known to you the Gospel which I preach to you."
And here again, "I delivered to you as of first importance, that is the principal thing." Here's the principal thing. "What I received." In other words, "This is what God gave me. I received this from the Lord." Now remember, Paul wasn't around when Jesus died; Paul wasn't there. That's why he says in Galatians1:11, "I would have you know, brethren, the Gospel which was preached by me is not according to man, for I neither received it from man nor was I taught it. But I received it through a revelation of Jesus Christ. I received this Gospel directly and it is this that Christ died for our sins."
That is substitutionary death on behalf of sinners. Paying the penalty for our sins, according to the Scriptures, and that He implied being genuinely dead, was buried. And that He was raised on the third day according to the Scriptures. That is the Gospel. That is the Gospel. That's the principal thing. Christ died -- historical fact. He died for our sins, spiritual meeting, substitutionary atonement took our place, took the wrath of God. That He was buried, proof of the reality of His death, famous running a spear into his side and having blood and water pour out, indicating the heart was pierced. And that He was raised bodily from the grave.
And He made, you remember, many post-resurrection appearances to doubting apostles; in fact, about a dozen post-resurrection appearances, all of them to people who had no particular motivation to fabricate a resurrection. That's the Gospel. That's the good news. Why is it good news? Because it means your sins are paid for. Your justification is purchased and eternal life is granted. It's all wrapped up in that. No presentation of the Gospel can leave any of this out.
But He said, "Look," at the end of Verse3 and the end of Verse4, "it all happened according to the Scriptures." And I read you from John20 where the comment of John is about Peter and John when they went to the tomb. He's talking about himself years back and saying, "At that time, we didn't know what the Scripture said." But it was all according to Scripture. Says it twice.
What does He mean by that? He simply means that His death was prophesied in the Old Testament. And it was prophesied in numerous ways. There are some veiled indicators of it such as God killing the first animal in the garden to clothe the sinful Adam and Eve. God makes the first sacrifice to cover sin. Such as Genesis22, Abraham and Isaac go to the mountain. Abraham lifts the knife to plunge it into Isaac's heart to offer him as a sacrifice; God stops him, provides a substitute animal to be a sacrifice. And God is indicating that He will provide the lamb to sacrifice, the entire sacrificial system laid out to Moses with all of the animals that were being slaughtered, none of which could take away anybody's sin, picture a final sacrifice.
In fact, the whole idea of the sacrificial system was to create massive frustration. It was relentless because sin is relentless. Even among those who repented and believed, even among the true Israel of God, even among those who were true believers who received the salvation of God in the Old Testament sacrifices were constantly needed by sin was constantly present. And it was a relentless system, relentless. It took time. It took money. It was bloody. The priests on the great event _____.
In the temple when they offered sacrifices, were like butchers massacring animals by the tens of thousands, knee-deep in blood. It was a horrific system. But never, ever was there a sacrifice that ended it all until Christ. Every one of those sacrifices pictured the one who would come. And Isaiah laid it out in very clear terms, "There will come one, the suffering servant. He'll have no beauty that we should desire Him. He'll be a root out of Jesse. He'll come down the line of David, the messianic one. And He will bear our sins and He will bear our transgressions. And He will die for us to make peace and reconciliation with God. He will be wounded for us."
But that same Isaiah53 chapter also says that He will be given a place with the great and He will be elevated and exalted. When you come down to Verses10 to 12 of Isaiah53, you see that that's not the end of the story. Even though He bears our inequities and bears our sins, He's gonna have a place with the great. Why? Because He's coming out the other side of the grave.
The Old Testament made that clear as well. You go back to Psalm16 and Psalm16 is the testimony to the Messiah's resurrection. It stands above all the rest of the Old Testament. Listen to what David says, and it doesn't refer to him. We'll show you that in a minute. Psalm16, "I have set the Lord continually before me because He's at my right hand. I will not be shaken. Therefore, my heart is glad. My glory rejoices. My flesh also will dwell securely."
This is the Messiah talking. "Thou will not abandon My soul to Sheol, for the grave either will though allow thy holy one to undergo decay. Thou will make known to Me the path of life in thy presence is fullness of joy. In thy right hand, there are pleasures for evermore." The Psalmist says, "There is a resurrection. The Messiah is going to go through the grave and out the other side without ever being corrupted."
When Peter stood up to preach -- look at Acts2 -- it was the day of Pentecost. He stood up and he gave this great message -- Verse22 -- "Men of Israel, listen to these words. Jesus, the Nazarene, the man attested to you by God with miracles, wonders, signs, which God performed through Him in your midst, just as you yourselves know.
This man delivered up by the predetermined plan," that's the primary cause, "and foreknowledge of God you nailed to a cross," that's the secondary cause, "by the hands of godless men and put Him to death. And God raised Him up again, putting and end to the agony of death, since it was impossible for Him to be held in power, for" -- and here he quotes Psalm16 -- David says of him, "I was always beholding the Lord in my presence. He is at my right hand that I may not be shaken. Therefore, my heart was glad, my tongue exalts. Moreover, my flesh also will abide in hope because thou wilt not abandon my soul to Hades or Sheol, nor allow thy holy one to undergo decay. Thou hadst made known to me the way of life. Thou will make me full of gladness with thy presence."
Now Peter pulls that prophesy out of the inspiration of the Holy Spirit, applies it to the Messiah. Then Verse29 says, "Brethren, I may confidently say to you regarding the patriarch David that he both died, was buried, and his tomb is with us today." Can't be David in view; he's still dead physically, bodily. We're not talking about David.
Verse31, what was David writing about? He looked ahead, spoke of the resurrection of the Christ that He was neither abandoned to Hades nor did His flesh suffer decay. This Jesus God raised up again to which we are all witnesses. Psalm16 wasn't about David. It was about Messiah. And so the Old Testament is witness to the fact that the Messiah would come. He would be the final sacrifice, the substitute for sin after which there would be no more sacrifices. We saw that on Friday night.
God ended the sacrificial system when Jesus had finished his sin bearing. You remember he started bearing sin at nine in the morning. At noon it's three hours into his sin-bearing and everything goes dark. God turns out the sun, pitch black for three hours of darkness until three o'clock. And then there is an earthquake and the graves are opened to symbolize what Christ has wrought even in His death.
And at that moment, God Himself rips the curtain in the holy of holies from top to bottom and throws open the holy of holies for the first time in history to the masses of Jews collected in the temple ground on the Passover and says the sacrificial system is over, access is open. No more sacrifices. Within a few years after that, Jerusalem is sacked. The whole system crashes. The priesthood has ended and it's never been revived. It was done. He was the fulfillment of all the Old Testament prophesies. And history validated it and verified it, as did God, in miraculous ways.
So when we look at the resurrection, what evidence do we find? The testimony of the living church, the testimony of the Scriptures. Thirdly, the testimony of eyewitnesses. You cannot underestimate the power of prophesy. Powerful testimony that God said it would happen and it happened centuries later. Nor can you discount the testimony of eyewitnesses.
Verse5, "After that He appeared to Cephas," or Peter, Simon Peter, "and to the twelve. After that, he appeared to more than 500brethren at one time, most of whom remain until now." Now remember, this would be about 30A.D. John writes in the 90s.
So actually 60years later when John writes his account and Paul's writing in about 50 to 55. So we're 20years, at least, later, maybe 25years later. These eyewitnesses are still around. Then Verse7 He appeared to James and then to all the apostles. Now let's stop there for a moment.
Human courts always base their adjudications, if they can, on eyewitness accounts. Circumstantial testimony is secondary. It is fraught with problems, as we all know. The testimony of eyewitnesses is vital especially if there are two or three eyewitnesses by which things can be confirmed, especially if they're intelligent, competent, sound in mind, ethical, maintain integrity. And that's why Paul appeals to this.
Thomas Arnold, who was the chair of modern history at Oxford in England, wrote a famous three-volume work called The History of Rome. And in that, work there's a _____ paragraph. This is what he wrote, he said, "The evidence for our Lord's life and death and resurrection may be, and often has been, shown to be satisfactory. It is good, according to the common rules for distinguishing good evidence from bad.
Thousands and tens of thousands of persons have gone through it piece by piece as carefully as every judge, summing up on a most important cause. I have, myself, done it many times over, not to persuade others, but to satisfy myself. I have been used for many years to study the histories of other times and examine and weight the evidence of those who have written about them.
And I know of no one fact in the history of mankind which is proved by better and fuller evidence of every sort to the understanding of a fair enquirer than the great sign which God has given that Christ died and rose again from the dead," end quote.
And primarily this is due to eyewitness account, direct evidence, as we said. And Scripture is direct evidence. And the living church is direct evidence, and so are these accounts by eyewitnesses. Let's go to Verse5. He appeared to Cephas. He appeared to Peter. Now Peter wouldn't be a good candidate to make up a resurrection. He wouldn't be.
Peter was really having a hard time. The last encounter he had with Jesus, he was confronted by Jesus because he had just denied him on three different occasions, well as many as six different times on those three occasions. Now you would think that having sort of ended his life with Jesus in that tragic way, our Lord might have found somebody else to appear to.
How amazing that He appeared first to Peter, Peter who denied Him, denied him with an oath, denied him angrily. And yet He appeared to Peter. And there, in that appearance, to Peter, we can see the beauty of forgiving love and forgiving grace. And I think also we not only see that, but I think he picked Peter because Peter would be the least likely to assert himself as a preacher of the resurrection because he was so shamed, he was so broken.
He was weeping bitterly the last time he saw Jesus. He has so little confidence that even when Jesus told him to go to Galilee and wait for Him to come, he went back to fishing because he felt himself so inadequate as a preacher. And the only thing he thought he knew how to do was to fish and he had proven himself unfaithful so many times.
And in the great moment, at the end, he was a disaster and he went back to fishing. And the Lord had to go pick him up in that again and pull him back and say, "Feed my sheep. Feed my sheep. Feed my lambs and restore them to ministry." Peter wasn't any kind of candidate to go out and start bombastically preaching the resurrection, show up on the day of Pentecost and elevate himself as if he were some great hero, when he was nothing but a coward, and a sniveling one at that.
But the fact that Peter could give evidence to the risen Christ is clear indication that he did, in fact, see the risen Christ. Jesus came to him. He came to him certainly there in Galilee when He confronted him around the breakfast and said, "Do you love Me? Do you love Me? Do you love Me?"
And Peter kept trying to convince Him he did. And finally, he appealed to his omnition and said, "You know everything. You know I love You." "Then serve Me." No, there is an awful lot of objectivity in the testimony of Peter. Peter's not about to trump up a resurrection, nor is he about to go live a life that ends up with him being crucified upside down for a lie that he fabricated.
And then it says in Verse5, "He appeared to the twelve." Actually, to take Peter out and Judas out and Thomas out, there's nine. But Peter was there, so there were actually 10 on that night. The only one legitimately missing was Judas, and he, of course, had disastrously responded to all of this with suicide.
But the others were there, with the exception of Thomas. No reason is given as to his absence. But it served the purposes of God very well. He appeared to them that night minus Judas, minus Thomas. Many days later, as we read, He appears again, this time Thomas is there and he affirms, "My Lord and my God," John20:28.
To be an apostle, you had to have an experience as an eyewitness of the resurrection. When they went to replace Judas with Theophilus in Acts1, it had to be somebody who had been an eyewitness to the resurrection. So you had Peter and then you had the rest of the apostles as eyewitnesses to the resurrection.
And he says, in Verse6, "Add to that more than 500brethren at one time, most of whom remain until now," as I said, 20 to 25years later, "some have fallen asleep." Kind of a Biblical way of saying died. Because for the believer, it's only a temporary thing, not a permanent one. The majority are still alive for 25-25years.
A quarter of a century, they've been telling about this experience. They had spread it far and wide. Believe me, they had said to everyone, "I saw the risen Christ." Five hundred eyewitnesses. Then in Verse7, he appeared to James. Now that's another interesting choice. Probably not James, son of Zebede, or James, the son of Alpheus, the two in the apostolic _____, probably James, the Lord's brother because he's distinguished from all the apostles here rather than being one of them.
James, the brother of our Lord, who according to John7:5, along with his other brothers, didn't believe in him. They were the children of Joseph and Mary. They didn't believe in him. In fact, Mark3 says they tried to restrain him from doing the things he was doing because they thought he was crazy. Now James wouldn't haven't have been a very likely candidate to fabricate a resurrection.
And it's interesting, isn't it? Peter was a denier of Christ and so was James. And those are the only two names there. The Lord picks people who are so objective in their testimony because there was no predisposition to create this. It may have well been that the last days of Jesus' life generated some wonder on the part of James. But when James saw Christ alive, he believed, and became the leader of the Jerusalem church. Two unlikely eyewitnesses.
And then all the apostles. And there were repeated appearances, according to Acts1. For 40days, He kept appearing to them and teaching them things concerning His Kingdom. And then one other name. The name is not given but we know it. Last of all as it were to one untimely born, he appeared to me also, Paul." There's another unlikely person.
If you wanted somebody to fabricate the resurrection, you wouldn't pick Paul. He didn't believe anything about Jesus. He's the least likely. I mean absolutely, the least likely. But let's call him the "Special Witness Number Four." You have the eyewitnesses in Verses5 through 7. You have the special witness in Verse8 through 10.
He says, "I am the least of the apostles," which ties into what he said in Verse8, "as one untimely born --" I'll explain that -- "who am not fit to be called apostle because I persecuted the church of God. By the grace of God, I am what I am. And His grace toward me didn't prove vein. I labored even more than all of them, yet not I, but the grace of God, with me." He says, "Look, Peter, the denier. Peter the vacillating. Peter the coward. James the unbeliever. And Paul, the untimely born."
Incredible statement really. In the Greek, "taectromate, taectromate." "Ectroma" means a premature birth. Okay? A premature birth. Etromate is an aborted fetus. The abortion. Paul, the abortion. Paul the dead fetus. This is a way of referring to himself in the lowest of terms, and not even alive. "I'm nothing but a miscarriage. I'm nothing but a dead fetus, a piece of flesh with no life, the lowest level of humanity, unformed, unborn." This is amazing. He picks a coward and an unbeliever and the lowest of the low, a persecutor of the church and appears to him, Paul the abortion.
He was a dead, vile, worthless piece of human flesh in his own eyes, a persecutor of the church, and marveled that on the road to Demaskis one day the Lord, in his risen and ascended glory, stopped him in his tracks and appeared to him and saved him and made him an apostle. "And I'm the least. I wasn't even around _____ the rest. I'm the least. I persecuted the church. I'm worse than Peter, the denier. I'm worse than James, the unbeliever. I'm the enemy. But we all have seen the risen Christ," an unlikely trio of witnesses who would never fabricate a resurrection.
And then finally, and this is powerful, there is the testimony of the common message, testimony of the church, the Old Testament Scriptures, the eyewitnesses, the special witness, Paul, and the testimony of the common message. This is very powerful. It's amazing to me, again, the economy of words with which the Bible says so much.
Verse11, "Whether then it was I or they," that is the apostles and the rest of the eyewitnesses, the 500 and everybody else, "so we preach." What do we preach? Back to Verse1, "I make known to you brethren, the Gospel which I preach to you. Whether it's me or whether it's any of them, we all preach and you believe. This is powerful stuff.
What are you saying? I'm saying this; they all only preached one thing. There wasn't a debate. There weren't some preachers who said He rose and some who said he didn't. There weren't some who said, "Well, we wanted Him to rise so much that we got this sort of -- we worked ourselves up until we really believed it because we wanted it so badly."
There weren't some who said, "Well, there was an aberration that appeared." It was actually an aberration it wasn't a resurrection. Others said, "It was a resurrection." "No, it really wasn't. He just appeared to be there and it was a figment of our imagination. It was a sort of a hallucination. It was mass hysterical."
Three were others who said, "No, it was just really His spirit who rose, just the good feelings we had about Jesus made Him live like somebody we loved who dies and they stay alive in our memory and blah, blah, blah." Every one of those things that I'm talking to you about, you can read in modern liberal theology. There's no common message today.
Pick up Newsweek Magazine. Read the article about the resurrection and befuddled the article is with so many potential options as to whether or not this happened or didn't happen. This is the modern era. But in the era of the New Testament there was one message, "He rose. We preached it. And you believed it."
There was no diversity within Christianity. There was no diverse message. And there was no diverse faith. The testimony of a common message. We all believed it because it was true. We all preached it, whoever we were, wherever we were, and you all believed it. It is that commonality that is so powerful. And it went on and on.
It's now 20years, 25years and Paul is still preaching it. And it goes on another decade and another, into the 60s and in the 70s, the 80s, the 90s, and then John pens the Gospel and concludes with that great chapter I read. And it's still the same message and they all believed it and they all preached it and they all believed it.
And it's the same today. The Gospel is that Christ died for our sins. He was buried and He was raised from the dead according to the Scriptures. That is the Gospel. If you believe and confess Jesus as Lord, you will be saved. Join me in prayer.
Father, so much to say and so little time to say it all. We thank you for the reality of the resurrection, the power of the testimony, the Scripture to it. We thank you that our Lord lives, that He died for our sins, that He paid in full the penalty for our sins so that salvation is all by grace and not works, all through faith and not self effort, that all You have asked us to do turn from our sin and believe, nothing more, and embrace the work of Christ.
I pray, Lord, today, that there might be some who were turned from their sin who would trust the one who died for them, and based on His sacrifice, His death, and His resurrection would come to you, oh God, and ask for the forgiveness of sins and salvation that only You can grant those who put their trust in Your son.
Help us to know that it's not about religion. It's not about being good. It's not about being moral. That'll send people to Hell faster than anything else. It's simply about saying, "It's nothing in me. It's nothing I can do. Nothing I have done. No religious activity, no morality can save me. I have to put my trust completely in Christ, confess Him as my Lord and embrace him as my savior who died and paid the price for my sins and rose again to give me eternal life." Father, make that vivid and clear in all our hearts, for rejoicing and for salvation, we pray, Amen.
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This sermon series includes the following messages:
Please contact the publisher to obtain copies of this resource.Publisher Information


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Vancouver Whitecaps FC announced today that Richmond, BC, native and Residency striker Caleb Clarke has been added to the club's Major League Soccer roster as a Homegrown player. Per club policy, terms of the contract were not disclosed.
Caleb Clarke – Whitecaps FC striker
- Canadian U-20 international
- Joined Whitecaps FC residency in September 2009
- 20 goals in 19 matches during the 2011-12 USSDA season
- Whitecaps FC's sixth Homegrown player signing
"Caleb is a powerful striker with great finishing abilities," said Whitecaps FC head coach Martin Rennie. "He has been part of the club as a member of the Residency program for over two years and has progressed well from our Residency program into our first team. We're excited to add another young Canadian talent to our MLS squad."
Clarke, 18, joins Vancouver's MLS roster after two-and-a-half years with the Whitecaps FC Residency program. Currently splitting his time with the club's first team and U-18 Residency side in the United States Soccer Development Academy (USSDA), Clarke has scored 20 goals in 19 matches during the 2011-12 USSDA season.
Last summer in the United Soccer Leagues (USL) Premier Development League, Clarke made 16 appearances, scoring three goals and adding three assists. The 6-foot-1, 165-pound striker also made five appearances last season in the MLS Reserve League before appearing as a second-half substitute for Whitecaps FC reserves on Easter Sunday, as Vancouver defeated hosts San Jose Earthquakes reserves 2-1 in the Reserve League.
"I'm thrilled to have realized my dream of signing a professional contract and delighted to have achieved this with my hometown club in Whitecaps FC," said Clarke. "I look forward to making the next step in my career as a player and I am pleased to be helping Whitecaps FC become a top club in MLS and CONCACAF."
Prior to joining the Residency program on September 7, 2009, the BC Soccer product helped the Coastal WFC U-16 Boys to a USL Super Y-League North American championship title. The striker played his youth soccer with Richmond Selects and was a member of the BC Soccer Provincial Teams program at the U-13, U-14, and U-15 levels, as well as the Canadian Soccer Association National Training Centre program at the U-15 and U-16 levels. Last December, Clarke was one of five Residency players to take part in a 10-day training camp with Canada's U-20 national team in Sunrise, Florida.
Clarke becomes Whitecaps FC's sixth Homegrown player signing, which includes goalkeeper Brian Sylvestre and midfielders Bryce Alderson and Russell Teibert. The Whitecaps Foundation supports athletes like Clarke through the Residency program. Help support the next generation of Canadian soccer players at whitecapsfoundation.org.
Caleb Clarke
Position: Striker
Height: 6-01
Weight: 165
Born: June 23, 1993, in Richmond, BC
Hometown: Richmond, BC
Citizenship: Canada
Last Team: Vancouver Whitecaps FC Residency
Youth Club: Richmond Selects
How Acquired: Signed to an MLS contract on April 24, 2012
Status: Homegrown domestic
Whitecaps FC MLS match packs start at just $119 and include tickets to five MLS regular season matches. To secure your match pack, or for additional information on Whitecaps FC MLS suites, loge boxes, and group tickets, call 604.669.9283 or visit whitecapsfc.com.

subset: commoncrawl


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Well, it is Day 4, the finale for this year's exciting Shooting, Hunting and Outdoor Trade show. I must say, we have really enjoyed our time in Las Vegas, seeing all of the exciting new products that will hit retail shelves later this year for hunter across North America.
Here is one last look at the highlight reel of stellar innovations. The new product reviews won't end here, of course. The June issue of Deer & Deer Hunting, which we will be producing over the next two weeks, will include our annual Top 50 list of new gear items that we saw at both the SHOT Show and last week's Archery Trade Show. Then, in June, we will again bring you the industry's best whitetail gear issue with the D&DH Equipment Annual
Today's top picks include:
The Winchester Power-Max bullet. This new load is built specifically for whitetail hunting. It provides excellent weight retention, deep penetration and superb knockdown power. The core is permanently bonded to the gilded metal jacket using a proprietary process. This operation ensures a traditional mushroom that produces massive energy transfer for quick, clean kills. The controlled dramatic expansion is a result of large diameter upset that more than doubles the bullet's original diameter with high weight retention. Sold in boxes of 20. For more information, visit www.winchester.com.
The Weatherby Vanguard Series 2 rifle. These rifles are guaranteed to shoot a 3-shot group of .99″ or less at 100 yards (SUB-MOA) when used with specified Weatherby® factory or premium ammunition. Match quality, two-stage trigger is "creep free" (adjustable down to 2.5 lbs.) A lightweight, composite Monte Carlo Griptonite™ stock features pistol grip and forend inserts, and right side palm swell (aids shooter comfort and control). The rifle also features a 3-position safety. It is available in .270 Win., .25-06 Rem., and .30-06 Sprg. Best of all? This gun retails for just $599. For more information, visit www.weatherby.com
Bushnell's Legend Ultra HD binocular. The folks at Bushnell are so confident you'll be impressed with these new binoculars, they promise to buy them back if you're not completely satisfied. The key to the Legend's superior light transmission is Bushnell's Ultra-Wide Custom Band anti-reflective lens coating. For the ultimate high-definition viewing experience and sharp, color-true detail, the company used ED Prime Glass. Add the all-weather assurance of Bushnell's premium RainGuard HD technology and it's clear, they might be everything you've ever wanted in hunting binoculars.
But Bushnell's biggest announcement was that the company has also expanded the Legend line to include riflescopes. To view the new Legend Elite riflescope click HERE.
For more information, visit www.bushnell.com
Under Armour Scent Control clothing. Under Armour's newest entry marks a major jump into the scent control business.
According to Under Armour's Eddie Stevenson, Under Armour's version is a custom-engineered zeolite carrier that is basically a synthetic lava that's far superior to carbon in its ability to absorb odors and can be recharged through simple washing.
Under Armour is teaming the zeolite adsorption technology with silver-based antimicrobials to offer a full line of scent control garments. For more information, visit www.underarmour.com.


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YANGON, Myanmar (AP) — Myanmar opposition leader Aung San Suu Kyi vowed Saturday to inject new blood into her party and urged members to rise above petty differences as they elect new leadership for the first time in the 25-year history of the National League for Democracy.
"Choose leaders without any personal grudge," she told the assembled crowd of more than 1,000 delegates and guests. "Don't think of yourself. Don't think of your friends. Have firm policies and conviction and the courage to sacrifice, if you want to claim yourself a politician."
The three-day NLD congress, which opened Friday, is an important step toward making the party more reflective of its democratic ideals. It is a sign of how far Myanmar has come with political reform that the gathering is allowed at all. But it's also a test for the NLD, which is working to transform itself from a party of one into a structurally viable political opposition in time for national elections in 2015.
That transformation has not come without conflict, as the party struggles to infuse its ranks with new faces, expertise and diversity without sidelining long-standing members.
Suu Kyi said it was important to learn from past weaknesses and vowed to decentralize decision-making and inject the leadership with "new blood."
"The NLD has been accused of using centralized systems. It is partly true because we were unable to operate freely," she said. "But the situation has changed."
On Friday, the congress elected seven members, including Suu Kyi, to its top leadership body, the central executive committee. All come from the ranks of party faithful and most are in their late 60s. The NLD plans to elect around a dozen more members to the body. They have also elected 100 of a planned 150 members to the party's second-line central committee.
Suu Kyi concluded her 20-minute speech Saturday with a broad call for unity, welcoming ethnic minority leaders, new party members and a vice-chairman of the ruling Union Solidarity and Development Party, Htay Oo, as honored guests.
"This is very positive for the future and it will be very beneficial for the people if we walk hand-in-hand," she said.


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This addon filters your messages, replacing any word you'd like with... any other word you'd like. Note that this filters YOUR messages, i.e. what YOU say; there are already many ways to filter what others say
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When Ichigo first got his Zanpakutou, it was so big because he had no idea how to control his reiatsu. That was explained by both Renji and his father (Captain class suppress their reiatsu so they're not swinging around swords as big as skyscrapers)
When Ichigo learnt the name of his Zampakutou, he was told that the powers he was given by Rukia were destroyed by Byakuya, Zangetsu just hid deep inside Ichigo. Ichigo's Shikai sword release is a permament sword release given the nature of Zangetsu.
So, Kenpachi's Zanpakutou could be something like Zangetsu, but instead of speed like what Ichigo has, Kenpachi's is unbridled power.
I think he will learn the name eventually, but there's definitely no rush at this point. I think Tite Kubo will eventually share each of the 13 Captain's various releases, abilities, etc before it's all said and done.
what if he has been in bankai mode from the start
maybe not lol
but probably at the end of the series
Lowell, can I just push you down a cliff? #getreadyforanotherhiatus
probably not, because he relise on his own power and strength
I think No cause its not his style fighting with his zanpaktou , i really like how he fights with his overpowering reiatsu XD
❒ Single ❒ Taken ✔ :<
I support the vice captain theory TBH. Its my belief that he at one point had that much power it caused his zanpaktou to manifest into a actual form, like all the others did during one of the seasons. Hence why we never saw his zanpaktou during that season.
I mean from that one eye patch he has alot of suppressed power and thats something tiny, Imagine how much power he truly has at full potential, even with a possible bankai.
One theory which I'm not sure anyone else has thought of is to do with that scar. Lets say before he met his vice-captain he knew the name of his zanpaktou and gotten to the point where he could use his bankai. Lets say he used it but the huge amount of power concentrated in him caused him to lose control and black out, losing his memories. This then gives the vice captain her form and he has lost his memories. He then meets the vice-captin soon after and gives her a name he feels is best, lets say its the actual name of the zanpaktou without them realising.
on and off
Zhiroc wrote:
memphis834 wrote:
Kenpachi has a shikai sword. The only way to obtain a shikai sword is by gaining knowledge of your zanpakuto's name. There's no other way around it.
I'm not so sure about that... Isn't Ichigo another example? If I recall, his zanpakutou is also in shikai (first-release) form. And while his first zanpakutou may not have been Zangetsu, its size still suggests that it too was the Shikai form even though Ichigo did not know its name (or even that it had a name).
Correct, Zhiroc. I might add on to that the reason they are both in shikai all the time is because Ichigo & Kenpachi of Zaraki both have very large spiritual preassures making it impossible to un-release out of shikai.
On the general thread note -- I think yes he will learn bankai, but Zaraki needs to be defeated badly and by a specific kind of taunting opponent before he will seek more strength to bother learning his bankai. He currently has too easy of a time beating most of the challenges he seeks out to get the motivation (instead he is motivated to just find more challenges).
I think he will, and when he does, he'll be unstoppable :]
I\'ll get my own Reading Steiner!
Zaraki's zanpakutou is not a shikai, Zaraki will probably never learn him zanpakutou's for the simple fact he doesn't believe he needs it. Considering the fact his eye patch devours his excess spiritual pressure it can be assumed that he may be unable to control his own spiritual pressure, the idea of Yachiru being a seal is an intriguing idea but is highly unlikely because Zaraki found Yachiru as a baby laughing while watching him fight. Yachiru may not be Zaraki's zanpakutou but she carry around some sort of special seal with her to surpress Zaraki spiritual which may account for her presence during all of his serious battles.
Final Fantasy Explorers is awesome my friend code is 0147-2865-9306 add me.
Based on his current strength, I don't think so.
Don't talk about it, be about it.
From someone who has watched the whole anime.
1 he hasn't learned it.... Yet There are still manga being made and rumors of the show starting back up.
2 The only limitations he sets him self are his fighting style, and his eye patch (which not only consumes Spirit pressure but limits vision). He naturally sucks at feeling spirit pressure.
3 He considers Yachiru as his child deep down. and she isn't some kinda seal.
(╯°□°)╯︵ ┻━┻)
Yeah it is. Its a constant release shikai just like Ichigo's. Neither of them are able to seal their shikai. Zaraki even mentions it in their first fight when Ichigo asks him why he hasn't called upon his zanpakuto , and he says its the only form it has because its never been sealed.
PRINCESSNERINE wrote:
Zaraki's zanpakutou is not a shikai,
Zaraki will never learn his zanpakuto's name; he doesn't need it, notice even i the newest manga he hasn't even removed his eye patch, or the fact that he needs the eye patch, he can't control his spirtual pressure, or even slightly contact his sword's name, although there was an episode that he tried to talk to his sword, i feel his sword may be the oppsite of Zaraki, like what happened in the filler arch with Kota*(misspelled probably) he and his zanpakuto lost connection and they were unable to communicate with each other, which could be the case with the captain , which means he would never learn it, due to his soul intent of only brute strength and killing. This is only thought of course anime changes very much you never know what they may due, if anything.
S.A.O. would make the greatest real life game!!!
For the thread, i sure hope not. Zaraki's character is unique in the sense that even without relying on his zanpakuto he can still topple enemies like any other captain. I'd hate to see that ruined.
Catching up on my Anime.


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Benchmark U.S. 10-year Treasuries are heading for the first weekly gain in a month. The securities lagged behind stocks this year by the most since 2009, with equities returning eight times more than bonds.
An S&P gauge of homebuilders lost 0.9 percent even after better-than-forecast growth in home sales. The index of pending home sales climbed 1.7 percent to 106.4, the highest reading since April 2010, after a revised 5 percent gain in October, the National Association of Realtors reported today in Washington. The median forecast in a Bloomberg survey called for a 1 percent advance.
The MNI Chicago Report's business barometer rose to 51.6 in December from 50.4 the prior month, above the reading of 50 that is the dividing line between expansion and contraction and higher than the median estimate of economists for 51.
The Stoxx 600's decline trimmed its 2012 advance to 14 percent, the largest annual increase since 2009. The number of shares changing hands today was 27 percent less than the 30-day average, according to data compiled by Bloomberg.
Bankia SA plunged 23 percent to the lowest price since its initial share sale in July 2011 as the bank was temporarily excluded from Spain's benchmark IBEX 35. Porsche SE surged 6.3 percent to the highest in almost two years after an appeals court ruling dismissed a lawsuit by hedge funds that accused the German carmaker of concealing a plan to corner the market in Volkswagen AG shares.
The MSCI Asia Pacific Index advanced 0.6 percent. Government reports today showed Japan's industrial output slid 1.7 percent last month from October, worse than all 27 estimates in a Bloomberg News survey that had a median forecast of a 0.5 percent decline. The data bolstered the case for Prime Minister Shinzo Abe to push for further monetary easing. Consumer prices excluding fresh food fell 0.1 percent in November from a year earlier.
Abe's cabinet is working on a plan to fight against a strong yen, the Nikkei newspaper said. Proposals include the use of currency intervention when needed, the paper said.
The cost of insuring against a corporate default increased in Europe. The Markit iTraxx Crossover Index of credit-default swaps on 50 mostly junk-rated companies rose 12 basis points, paring its first annual rally since 2009.
The yield on Italian 10-year bonds was little changed at 4.53 percent as the country sold 5.9 billion euros ($7.8 billion) of five- and 10-year government securities. Investors bid for 1.47 times the amount of the 10-year debt offered, up from 1.18 times on Nov. 29. The yield had earlier increased as much as 4 basis points.
The MSCI Emerging Markets Index advanced 0.5 percent to extend this year's increase to 15 percent. China's Shanghai Composite Index rallied 1.2 percent to the highest since June 21. The BSE India Sensitive Index added 0.6 percent, heading for its best year since 2009. Vietnam's VN Index jumped to the highest since August, capping its largest weekly gain since February. Russia's Micex Index fell 0.2 percent.
Copyright 2014 Bloomberg. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed.


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Employees (Specialty Occupations)
There are many ways in which a person may be able to work in the United States. You may seek a non-immigrant status that permits you to live and work in the United States temporarily or an immigrant classification to live and work permanently in the United States. A comprehensive list of commonly used non-immigrant visa classifications that allow temporary visitors to work in the United States are listed by the U.S. Social Security Administration. In most instances, UTHealth as your employer or potential employer must petition for you. The UTHealth Office of International Affairs is the only designated department to advise, prepare, and submit any visa related application on behalf of the employer.
Foreign nationals may not accept employment in the United States unless they have been authorized to do so. Some foreign nationals, such as those who have been admitted as permanent residents, granted asylum or refugee status, or admitted in work-related non-immigrant classifications, may have employment authorization as a direct result of their immigration status. Other visitors may need to apply individually for employment authorization.
In the links to your left, you will find more information about coming to UTHealth to work under a temporary or permanent status classification in some of the different employment eligibility categories for working in the United States.
Please contact us for information about foreign nationals joining UTHealth for purposes of employment.
The U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services offers vast information about temporary (non-immigrant) employment as well as permanent (immigrant) employment the United States.


text: "CMA Country Christmas" Airs Dec. 2 on ABC! Scott Frans October 9, 2013 NASHVILLE – Music and memories are the centerpiece of "CMA Country Christmas," a two-hour special hosted by Jennifer Nettles airing Monday, Dec. 2 (9:00-11:00 PM/ET) on the ABC Television Network. The special is a celebration of the season featuring Country's top stars and non-format favorites performing holiday songs and sharing their personal holiday traditions and memories. The special tapes in front of a live audience Friday, Nov. 8 (7:30 PM/CT) at the Bridgestone Arena in Nashville, Tenn. Joining the star-packed lineup of performers is "Duck Dynasty's" Willie Robertson. The Robertson family will also participate in a fireside chat. The popular A&E stars are releasing Duck the Halls: A Robertson Family Christmas album on Oct. 29. Performers already announced include Trace Adkins, Luke Bryan, Sheryl Crow, Lucy Hale, Nettles, Jake Owen, Kellie Pickler, Rascal Flatts, Darius Rucker, and Michael W. Smith. "'CMA Country Christmas' has become a welcome family tradition – not just for Country fans, but anyone who enjoys holiday standards performed by amazing vocalists in a classic variety show setting," said CMA Board President Ed Hardy. For the second year, audience members are encouraged to bring a new, unwrapped toy to the taping to help make the holidays brighter for Nashville area children. The Nashville-based, non-profit group Generosity will have volunteers on site with specially marked bins to collect the toys, which will be distributed to homeless families this holiday season. In 2012, the group collected more than 5,000 toys. Volunteers from Generosity will start accepting toys Friday, Nov. 8 at 1:00 PM/CT at the Bridgestone Arena Plaza. You do not have to have a ticket to the show to drop off a toy. Tickets for "CMA Country Christmas" are on sale now and can be purchased at ticketmaster.com; by calling (800) 745-3000; or in person at the Bridgestone Arena Box Office, located at 501 Broadway (corner of Fifth Avenue and Broadway, Nashville).Tickets for "CMA Country Christmas" cost $50 for Lower and Club Level reserved seating; $25 for Upper Level reserved seating. Ticket prices include tax, but exclude applicable service fees. For updates and information visit CMAchristmas.com. "CMA Country Christmas" is a production of the Country Music Association. Robert Deaton is the Executive Producer, Paul Miller is the Director, and David Wild is the writer. The special will be shot in high definition and broadcast in 720 Progressive (720P), ABC's selected HDTV format, with 5.1 channel surround sound Chevrolet™ is the Official Ride of Country Music.


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A mandated six-month warning would allow the FDA to engage in some sort of mitigation efforts, but there are potential risks, too. Half a year seems to be a very long lead-time. FDA action could send a signal that would prompt hospitals and other providers to hoard. Likewise, if a drug maker is nervous about being punished for not giving a six-month warning, he could "cry wolf" and simply notify the FDA every six months that he is going to shut down. On the other hand, a drug maker might choose to withhold discontinuance information and suffer FDA fines rather than expose his market share to competitors. It is far from clear that this increase in regulatory power would improve the quality of information about forthcoming shortages.
Nor is it credible that the FDA will substantively improve its approval of new generic suppliers. The current shortage of sterile injectable drugs, after all, took place on the FDA's watch. It hardly follows that legislation giving the FDA more power over drug makers will alleviate the current shortage of crucial medicines. One purpose of early notification would be to prompt the FDA into accelerating its approval process. But the FDA has good reason to do that already, knowing that the shortage of sterile injectable drugs is harmful to patients.
Furthermore, the generic pharmaceutical industry should not be over-enthused about the opportunity to pay user fees to accelerate regulatory approval. The experience of the research-based pharmaceutical industry is that such payments do have an effect, but some of the FDA's extra income soon gets transformed into bigger bureaucracy, and the actual regulatory output does not continuously or consistently improve.[*]
These observations lead to several recommendations, mostly targeted on the supply side.
- Limit the FDA's power to compel advance warnings. Legislators should be very skeptical about increasing the FDA's power to compel manufacturers to give a six-month advance warning of forthcoming shortages. This mandate is likely to confuse the issue more than clarify it.
- Be cautious in the adoption of user fees for FDA approval. The generic drug industry should not assume that increasing the FDA's revenue will improve its performance continuously. Twenty years of experience with user fees for regulatory review of innovative patented drugs shows that such improvement is maintained only by constantly increasing funding to the FDA.
- Allow informed use of non-FDA-approved sources from developed countries. As the author has recommended in another recent study, if people in other developed countries can use drugs not approved by the FDA, American doctors and patients should be free to use drugs from those manufacturing facilities as long as it is disclosed that they are not FDA-approved.[77] Consider the example of the Sandoz plant in Canada, which is in compliance with Health Canada's regulations.
- End the FDA's monopoly over drug certification. Congress should define a long-term goal of moving the FDA away from a regulatory monopoly to a "certifier of certifiers," allowing qualified companies to investigate and approve drugs and drug manufacturers for legal entry into the health care market. This would increase regulatory capacity with private-sector third parties that would have far better incentives to deliver cost-effective quality assurance than the FDA does. Such private certifiers already exist, from Underwriters' Laboratories, which certifies tens of thousands of products in areas such as fire safety, to the Snell Memorial Foundation, which certifies helmets for bicycling and other sports.[78]
This arrangement would speed market entry by drug suppliers, including entrepreneurial generic manufacturers that would invest in market research to inform them when to ramp up production in anticipation of a forthcoming shortage. This would result in much better systemic redundancy than increasing the regulation of incumbent suppliers, as recommended by the Obama administration and (unsurprisingly) the incumbent suppliers themselves. Furthermore, because the third-party certifiers would focus solely on quality of output, not processes, drug makers would be more likely to differentiate themselves by innovating new manufacturing technologies.
- Move sterile injectable drugs to Medicare Part D. Although this analysis concludes that demand-side causes of the shortages are likely not critical, they cannot be entirely discounted. Medicare, especially, experienced a major change in reimbursement around the same time that shortages started to increase.
Fortunately, the Medicare Part D program shows a way to eliminate the risk that the government-dictated pricing mechanism in Medicare Part B will harm access to injectable drugs. By moving injectable drugs from Part B to Part D, where drug makers negotiate prices with private insurers, the federal government will save money and ensure that prices for these drugs more closely reflect their value. Because physicians should be paid based on their services, rather than how many drugs they administer, it is likely that moving certain injectable drugs, especially cancer medicines, to Part D would result in innovative payment models. Indeed, at least one private insurer has announced an effort to pay cancer specialists for outcomes, rather than injecting drugs.[79] It should be relatively straightforward for insurers to employ such innovative payment mechanisms once certain injectable drugs are moved to Medicare Part D.
Reducing shortages of generic injectable medicines is a worthy goal. To achieve this goal, U.S. policy should reduce the FDA's power, expand patients' freedom to use generic injectable drugs from additional sources and encourage entrepreneurs to enter the market faster with innovative production techniques.
[*] John R. Graham, "Leviathan's Drug Problem: Increasing Patients' Choices Through International Competition in Pharmaceutical Regulation," (Pacific Research Institute, 2010), 35-36, http://goo.gl/6yyMl (accessed May 21, 2012). The FDA's most recent report concludes that the median time to standard approval in FY 2010 was 10.1 months: "FY 2011 Performance Report to the President and Congress for the Prescription Drug User Fee Act," (Silver Spring, MD: Food and Drug Administration, 2012), 4.


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118 SGDBook Your Seat Now
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Modern Mediterranean
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June 13, 2013
News Release
State Board approves BEST grants
Board also holds study session to
discuss educator preparation program
The Colorado State Board of Education met for its regularly scheduled meeting June 12 & 13. Highlights from the meeting include:
Building Excellent Schools Today
The Colorado State Board of Education voted to approve the list of grants submitted by the Public School Capital Construction Assistance Board for 2013-14 Building Excellent Schools Today (BEST) cash and lease-purchase grants. CDE's Capital Construction Office received 63 qualifying grant applications for BEST funds from school districts and charter schools. Three of the applications were withdrawn by the applicants, leaving 60 applications for consideration by the Capital Construction Assistance Board. The total grant amounts requested were $227.7 million in state funds and $80.3 million in matching funds for a total of $308 million in total project costs. Of these, the Capital Construction Assistance Board recommended to the State Board of Education funding for 24 cash grants totaling $15.7 million, six lease-purchase grants totaling $94.7 million and two back-up lease-purchase grants totaling $47.7 million.
Post-Secondary Workforce Readiness Endorsed Diploma
Staff from CDE and the Colorado Department of Higher Education updated the board on the development process for the Post-Secondary Workforce Readiness endorsed diploma and reviewed and discussed the criteria for awarding an endorsed diploma.
The diploma identifies student excellence over and above a standard high school diploma. The endorsement recognizes high school graduates for meeting minimum academic qualifications for admission to all open, modified open, or moderately selective public institutions of higher education in Colorado, as well as priority consideration for admission into Colorado's selective and highly selective institutions. The presentation is in preparation for a joint meeting in August with the state board and Colorado Commission on Higher Education to take action on the Post-Secondary Workforce Readiness endorsed diploma criteria. To view the PowerPoint presentation, click here. To view the criteria, click here.
Recognition of Outstanding Students
The board recognized John L. Brock (Arapahoe High School) and Amy Chen (Highlands Ranch High School) who were selected as 2013 U.S. Presidential Scholars. This program was created in 1964 to honor top-performing students in each state. The White House Commission on Presidential Scholars selects honored scholars annually based on academic success, artistic excellence, essays, school evaluations and transcripts, as well as evidence of community service, leadership and demonstrated commitment to high ideals.
Educator Licensure
The board approved cut scores for the PRAXIS II Mathematics #5161 and English Language Arts #5038 content exams. The cut scores set the minimum score an applicant must achieve in order to pass the exam. These exams will be available to candidates in Fall 2013, the next scheduled assessment date. To view the presentation, including the new cut scores, click here.
Educator Preparation
The board held a study session on its role in authorizing educator preparation programs. The session provided an overview of the current authorization/reauthorization process, focusing on the roles and responsibilities of the state board and Colorado Department of Higher Education. Representatives from educator preparation programs shared their perspectives on the process and responded to questions from the board. The board also discussed efforts underway to reimagine educator preparation. To view the presentation, click here.
Global Education Leaders' Program
Staff provided the board with an update on Colorado's participation in the Global Education Leaders' Program work to date, with a focus on the recent philanthropically-funded gathering in Sydney, Australia. To view the presentation, click here.
Early Literacy Grant Program
The state board voted to approve staff recommendations for grant recipients for the Early Literacy Grant Program. The $4 million competitive grant program, which is part of the READ Act, provides money to local education providers to implement literacy support and intervention instruction programs to assist students in kindergarten and first-, second-, and third-grades to achieve reading competency. To view the presentation, click here.
READ Act
The board approved the addition of Terra Nova to the list of approved summative assessments for use under the READ Act. In March, the board approved a list of diagnostic and summative assessments. Following that meeting, there was an opportunity for the publishers of assessments that were not approved to appeal that action. CTB-McGraw Hill appealed to have Terra Nova be reconsidered as an approved summative assessment.
School Counselor Corps Grant Program
Staff updated the board on the 2013 Legislative Report regarding the Colorado School Counselor Corps Grant Program for 2011-2012 and approved recommendations for the 2013 grant recipients and grant awards amounts. To view the presentation, click here.
Expelled and At-Risk Student Services Grant Program
The board approved recommendations for the Expelled and At-Risk Student Services Grant Program. The program provides educational services to expelled students and prevents future suspensions and expulsions through a comprehensive range of strategies that are proven effective to help students who are at risk of suspension or expulsion. To view the presentation, click here.
Other Action
The board voted to approve the application for certification of a multi-district online school submitted by Colorado Digital BOCES on behalf of Colorado Prep Online Academy.
The Colorado State Board of Education will hold its next meeting in August at the Colorado Department of Education, 201 E. Colfax Ave., in Denver.


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Both climbers suffered multiple broken bones, in the fall, and Wiesenekker also had head injuries. Suppé's foot was crushed, her ankle was broken and she had a compound fracture of the tibia and fibula. Still, Suppé was determined to survive, and she spent the next two days inching her way across a glacier in order to find help.
Suppé recounts the accident and describes her struggle to reclaim her life in "Starry Night," an award-winning book that has now been released in English.
The original Spanish version of "Starry Night" was shortlisted for the Desnivel Award of Literature in Spain. The book was also shortlisted for the Boardman Tasker Prize for outstanding contributions to outdoor literature.
Now recovering from her 14th surgery as a result of the accident, Suppé is bicycling from Washington state to Colorado. She will be stopping in Moab next week, where she will discuss the book and her experiences at an event on Monday, Nov. 25 at 6:30 p.m. at the Grand County Public Library, 257 E. Center St.
The program, which is free of charge and open to the public, will be held in the library's large meeting room.


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Carly Rae Jepsen: Clive Davis Pre-Grammy Gala 2013!
Carly Rae Jepsen hits the red carpet at the Clive Davis & The Recording Academy's 2013 Pre-Grammy Gala and Salute to Industry Icons on Saturday (February 9) at the Beverly Hilton Hotel in Beverly Hills, Calif.
The 27-year-old singer was joined at the big bash by Miley Cyrus and Katy Perry!
PHOTOS: Check out the latest pics of Carly Rae Jepsen
Carly wore a Thomas Wylde dress with a Kotur clutch and earrings by State Room.
The night before, Carly performed during the 2013 "Friends 'N' Family" Pre-Grammy Event at Paramount Studios in Hollywood.
Posted to: 2013 Grammy Awards, Carly Rae Jepsen


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Dec 16, 2015 - baozz
Clean, well staffed, comfortable theater. Ticket prices, concessions are awesome. FREE membership which on occasion gets you a free movie or concession special.
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I want to know which movies will start on Friday, December 20.
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Great place to watch a movie...best theatre in Walworth County
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I absolutly love the Theatres of Whitewater. Leather seats, awsome discounts on Tuesdays, nice staff, all you could ask for at a Theater.
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We love to go to this theater as a family! It is affordable, comfortable, and FREINDLY!
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The Upper Pine River Fire Protection District has promoted one of its own to serve as chief.
Bruce Evans arrived in Southwest Colorado in 2008 and has been working as an administrative chief with the department.
Before his arrival, Evans served as the emergency medical services chief and assistant chief at the North Las Vegas Fire Department in southern Nevada. He has more than 27 years of experience in emergency medical services.
The Upper Pine Fire department oversees 265 square miles in eastern La Plata County, including Bayfield, Forest Lakes and Vallecito. The district has a permanent population of about 15,000 residents.
There are some great people serving the fire district, and it is a gift to have the opportunity to build on the hard work of some longtime dedicated residents that helped create the organization, Evans said in a news release. This is a great community, and you couldnt ask for a more spectacular place to be the fire chief.
Jeff Dyar, president of the fire district, praised Evans for his extensive history in firefighting and medical services.
Having a professional with Bruces background and experience leading the way will allow Upper Pine to attain the highest level of service for our residents, he said in the release. We could not be more pleased to make this appointment.
Evans is an avid railroad fan and enjoys the whitewater. He moved here with his wife, Debora, and son, Oliver.
He replaces Rich Graeber, who left in July 2012 for a position in the private sector.


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Sol 202 Update On Curiosity From USGS Scientist Ken Herkenhoff: Plan B1 March 2013
As the MSL engineering team continues to study the Sol 200 anomaly, tactical science planning has been cancelled through this weekend. The rover has two computers, and has been running on the A side until yesterday, when commands were sent to boot up the B side. The rover is safe in this configuration, and if necessary we could continue to operate the rover on the B side. But the focus now is on understanding the anomaly and how to recover from it. Of course I'm concerned about this situation, but I've seen JPL spacecraft experts recover from more serious problems, and am therefore confident that they will solve this one as well.


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Psalm 19:14 Let the words of my mouth, and the meditation of my heart, be acceptable in thy sight, O Lord, my strength, and my redeemer. Read at Bible Gateway Read all of Psalm 19 Public Domain
Psalm 27:14 Wait on the Lord: be of good courage, and he shall strengthen thine heart: wait, I say, on the Lord. Read at Bible Gateway Read all of Psalm 27 Public Domain
Morning "I count all things but loss for the excellency of the knowledge of Christ Jesus my Lord." Philippians 3:8 Spiritual knowledge of Christ will be a personal knowledge. I cannot know Jesus through another person's acquaintance with him. No, I must know him myself; I must know him on my own account. It will […]
2 Samuel 7:22 Wherefore thou art great, O Lord God: for there is none like thee, neither is there any God beside thee, according to all that we have heard with our ears. Read at Bible Gateway Read all of 2 Samuel 7 Public Domain
God will catch you There is no one like the God of Israel. He rides across the heavens to help you, across the skies in majestic splendor. The eternal God is your refuge, and his everlasting arms are under you. Deuteronomy 33:26-27 NLT When you are at the end of your rope, God is there […]
Strongest sandstorm in decades sweeps China The Telegraph VOLCANIC ACTIVITY April 16 – April 22, 2014 Advertisements
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Lucus Eques wrote:Amadeus, we were talking of elision in Spanish, and, as I suspected, it is as rampant as in Latin and Italian:
http://spanish.about.com/cs/pronunciati ... speech.htm
Hmmm... You know, I think I'll do a little more research on that linguistic phenomenon, because I suspect that elision is actually less in Spanish than in Latin or Italian. One thing, however, seems suspicious about that article, namely, that we put a "soft vowel" between two consonants. The example of AGuRUPADO seems to me to be a regionalism, because I never heard it pronounced that way (and I also don't say GeRACIAS or GaRACIAS, but GRACIAS). But, again, I think I'd like to look into that further, as it could be I'm just not that self-aware of my own language.


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MEMPHIS, Tenn. — The Mississippi River has its mysteries, but none that can touch the one that unfolded on its banks 1,000 years ago in what is now southwestern Illinois, across the river from St. Louis. We began the second week of our journey down the Mississippi by visiting the eerily magnificent mounds of the native American metropolis of Cahokia and hearing an archeologist describe the rapid rise and fall of "the city that history forgot."
Every good mystery needs a detective, and we found ours in Tim Pauketat, an associate professor of archeology at the University of Illinois and a leading expert on Cahokia. Also joining us for our tour of the Cahokia Mounds State Historic Site was Susan Alt, a post-graduate student who is working on her dissertation on Cahokia and the surrounding villages.
As we began our tour by climbing Cahokia's biggest mound — a tiered pyramid known as Monks Mound for a group of Trappist monks who built a monastery nearby in the early 1800s — Pauketat filled us in on the basics of what is known about the city and its people.
Prehistoric Indians first arrived at Cahokia around A.D. 700, but sometime around 1050 the population exploded for unknown reasons and the city became a regional center of what is known as the Mississippian culture. At its apex, the city had between 10,000 and 15,000 residents, with the regional population, including parts of St. Louis and East St. Louis, estimated to have been 30,000 to 40,000. That would make it one of the biggest — if not the biggest — world metropolises of its time.
Its fall was just as sudden. For reasons that remain unclear, by 1300 — only 250 years after its emergence as a prehistoric powerhouse — the once-magnificent city had been virtually abandoned and its people dispersed.
Almost as baffling as Cahokia's rocket-like ascent and Icarus-like fall is the fact that many Americans have never heard of Cahokia and the Mississippian civilization.
"I think Cahokia has been forgotten, especially by Americans today, because it's in North America, it's in our backyard, it's not exotic," he said. "… That's partly wrapped up in the subtle racism that still exists against American Indians. People typically don't think that American Indians could have built a civilization given the biases that were developed during the westward expansion."
As we gained the top of Monks Mound and gazed out at nearby mounds and restored features — a palisade intended to protect the inner city and a giant solar calendar called Woodhenge for its resemblance to Great Britain's Stonehenge — Pauketat painted a picture of how the ancient city looked during its heyday.
The Cahokians built three types of earthen mounds — pyramid-shaped platform mounds, which had flat tops that served as bases for ceremonial buildings or residences of the elite, and conical and ridge-top mounds, both of which were used for burials of VIPs and, in some cases, victims of sacrificial rituals.
Monks Mound was the centerpiece of the complex, rising 100 feet from its 14-acre base. Archeologists estimate that it took 22 million cubic feet of earth, all transported from nearby "borrow pits" by baskets carried on the backs of workers, to create the mound in several phases. A large building — 105-feet long, 48 feet wide and about 50 feet high — once stood atop the mound and is believed to have been the ceremonial home of the city's ruler or an elite clan.
Between the mounds were a series of plazas, the biggest of which — the Grand Plaza — covered almost 50 acres.
"These were places where you'd have feasts, processions or other public gatherings," Pauketat said.
The plazas also were used as arenas for chunkey — a two-player game that consisted of rolling a smooth wheel-shaped stone and then throwing spears to try to come closest to the spot where the stone would come to rest.
The game, which was developed by Cahokians, remained popular hundreds of years later among Southwestern and Midwestern tribes. It likely involved high-stakes gambling, or at least it did when the first European explorers saw it being played.
"French explorers wrote that they got so into it that they would lose their families (through gambling) … and then commit suicide," Pauketat said. "It was a very important game."
Arrayed around the central city were many outlying villages, where Cahokians raised corn, squash and a variety of starchy seeds on farms and hunted to supply the inner-city residents with meat.
They also practiced craft specialization, with individual clans or villages producing artworks, tools and weapons.
Pauketat said these villagers were clearly second-class citizens.
"They didn't eat the good meat even though they were closer to the source at the woodlands … and may have had some social obligation to send it here," he said.
Pauketat said archeologists have barely scratched the surface of Cahokian culture.
One of the most significant discoveries to date is Mound 72, a ridge-top burial mound in which archeologists found the remains of an important ruler, a male in his 40s, lain on a bed of more than 20,000 marine shell disc beads. Nearby were caches of arrow tips from present-day states like Arkansas, Oklahoma, Tennessee and Wisconsin, apparently sent in tribute to the deceased.
Also buried nearby were the bodies of many men and women, the victims of a mass execution at the same time of the man's burial.
Though the reasons for the human sacrifices remain unclear, Pauketat said it appears the deaths were part of "a theatrical ritual, and the roles seem to be mythical," possibly a retelling of the story of creation.
Mythical creatures like the birdman, a human looking figure with a falcon beak, also figure prominently in Cahokian artworks.
While such tidbits give glimpses of the ancient Cahokians, many aspects of their lives are shrouded by the passage of time, including the name by which they knew their city.
The name Cahokia comes from a clan of the Illinois Indians — the Cahokia — that was living in the area when the first French explorers arrived in the early 1600s. But the city's original name was never recorded because the Cahokians had no form of writing. And strangely, no stories referring to the great city were ever recorded among the tribes that are believed to be their direct descendants — the Osage, Omaha, Ponca and the Quapaw, among others.
One theory, put forward by anthropologist Alice Kehoe, suggests that "Cahokia had some negative associations and when people left they were trying to get away from it and they intentionally forgot about it," said Pauketat. "… (The Indians) didn't talk about it, Euro-Americans came in, they didn't care about it. So this place is sort of the city that history forgot."
Just what those "negative associations" might have been remains open to debate, but Pauketat said he believes that an internal power struggle that spun out of control is the most likely explanation.
"It looks like there were factions and they were vying for control," he said. "… First and foremost it was a failure of government."
Others have theorized that environmental problems, including a drought and a major climatic shift that led to a "mini-ice age," may also have contributed to Cahokia's rapid downfall, Pauketat said.
While archeologists have fairly well-developed theories about the collapse of the civilization, the question of what caused Cahokia to catch fire has so far defied explanation.
"At 1050, there is a sudden coalescence and a central authority emerges … and the site goes from maybe 1,000 to maybe 10,000 to 15,000 people and grows to 8 square kilometers (a little less than 5 square miles)," Pauketat said. "Cahokia is a magnet. It sucks other people in here."
Pauketat said efforts to answer such questions are being hampered by the fact that modern development in outlying areas continues to erase clues that could provide new insights into Cahokia.
"The Cahokian sprawl is difficult to measure because it has been covered by the St. Louis sprawl," he said.
Still, with much digging yet to be done at Cahokia, Pauketat believes that the answers to many puzzles will eventually emerge.
"I'm an optimist," he said. "I think you can get at answers, sometimes circuitously, through different routes. … But maybe I have to be an optimist, because it can be depressing given the rate of destruction."
After saying goodbye to Pauketat and Alt and touring the Cahokia Mounds Interpretive Center, we pointed our van south and set off on a 250-mile drive to Memphis, Tenn.
We'll return to the river on Day 9 of our trip, joining the crew of a U.S. Army Corps of Engineers dredge to learn the ins and outs of river-bottom vacuuming to maintain the Mighty Mississippi's crucial shipping channel.
Reporter Mike Brunker and media producer Jim Seida are traveling the length of the Mississippi in August and will be filing daily dispatches along the way. If you have a question or comment, mail us at firstname.lastname@example.com.


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STOCKTON - A controversial finalist in line to become Stockton's next city manager abruptly dropped out of the running amid contract negotiations, Mayor Anthony Silva said Wednesday.
STOCKTON - A controversial finalist in line to become Stockton's next city manager abruptly dropped out of the running amid contract negotiations, Mayor Anthony Silva said Wednesday.
David Garcia, currently the city manager of Coachella in Southern California, was identified Tuesday amid confidential talks with Stockton about the terms of his compensation package.
"Stockton lost out on a great city manager and someone who was really going to heal this community," Silva said.
Silva had nominated Garcia as his pick to replace Bob Deis, who retired Oct. 31. The City Council will regroup Tuesday behind closed doors.
By then Silva said he will have decided if he wishes to nominate another choice from the pool of six finalists whom the council has interviewed, or whether a new national search will begin.
Negotiations between Stockton and Garcia were nearly complete Tuesday, but Silva said the deal fell through at the last minute. Silva declined to give details.
"Sometimes in negotiations there's give and take on both sides," he said.
Garcia did not respond to The Record seeking comment Wednesday, but The Desert Sun quoted Coachella Councilman Steve Hernandez, who said Silva bungled Garcia's deal in Stockton.
"I think the mayor of Stockton was premature," Hernandez said of Silva's releasing Garcia's name as the pick before an agreement had been reached.
The newspaper also quoted an email from Garcia, blaming the spoiled deal on Stockton offering him less money than what he receives in Coachella and less than Deis, who earned $240,000 a year in base pay.
"I understand the financial challenges facing Stockton," Garcia wrote in the email. "However, I owe it to my family to make good financial decisions."
Garcia's a r�sum� includes serving in Iraq for the State Department as the team leader of a provincial reconstruction team. He had also twice ended stints as city manager under controversy.
He left Chula Vista in 2008 after one year under accusations he looked at inappropriate pictures on his work computer, including images of Pamela Anderson and other scantily clad women. Garcia has denied the charges.
Garcia had been asked to resign from his city manager post in Corpus Christi, Texas, in part because of allegations he had been involved in a relationship with a subordinate.
Stockton's next city manager will be responsible for making sure millions of dollars generated from a 3/4-cent sales tax increase voters approved on Tuesday will be spent appropriately.
Until Deis' replacement is hired, Silva said he is confident with interim City Manager Kurt Wilson and the department heads already in place. Still, Silva said he looks forward to having a full-time city manager picked.
"Although the department heads and the interim city manager are competent," Silva said, "Stockton residents deserve to have a city manager who's a fresh face and a proven leader and someone they can trust to spend this new money."
Contact reporter Scott Smith at (209) 546-8296 or email@example.com. Visit his blog at recordnet.com/smithblog.


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Ever wonder what you can give the BlackBerry fanatic that has the newest device, has the most current OS, has every case, and every app known to man? Well, you get them something that's much less known to man... BlackBerry Monopoly, of course. If you're lucky enough to find a copy, that is. It's looking like this may have just been a fun gift to RIM employees.
And by fun I mean that instead of a "Go To Jail" card, your card may say, for example, "WES fees due - Pay $50 dollars" Whoops! But fun, right? And get this, your monopoly pieces would be miniature BlackBerry phones.
It will be fun to keep an eye out on eBay and Amazon to see if any more pop up like this one did.
The game is not sold to the public, so I assume that it was a fun gift within the RIM company and its partners.
- Avonlea


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Bedminster-based bank holding company Peapack-Gladstone Financial Corp. announced today it has appointed Chief Financial Officer Jeffrey J. Carfora to the role of senior executive vice president. Carfora will continue to fill his CFO role, as well.
According to the announcement, prior to arriving at Peapack in 2009, Carfora held senior level positions at New York Community Bank, Penn Federal Savings Bank, Carteret Savings Bank, Marine Midland Bank and PricewaterhouseCooper.