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January 9, 1933 - April 26, 2013
Kingston, NY
Thomas J. Woltman, age 80, of Kingston, NY died Friday, April 26, 2013 at the Golden Hill Health Care Center. Born January 9, 1933 in Staten Island, NY, he was the son of the late Henry and Helen Woltman.
Thomas or "Tom" as he was known was a devoted husband, father, and a faithful friend whose ebullient personality and optimistic spirit was as inspiration for all who knew him.
Upon graduation from St. Peter's High School in Staten Island, NY, Tom served in the United States Army, where he was stationed in West Germany. Subsequent to his honorable discharge from the Army, Tom attended Fordham University.
In 1959 he met his wife, Brigid; they were married in 1961 in New York City and moved to Kingston where together they built a life founded on love, faith devotion to each other and their boys.
Tom was employed at Idlewild Airport in Queens, NY; upon relocating to Kingston his primary career was as route salesman in the motor oil industry; he was employed by Quaker State Motor Oil, Heritage Energy, and Polsinello Fuels. Tom also was employed as a route carrier for Roach Biomedical Laboratories.
Tom was a member of the Ulster County AOH, and in 1998 was the AOH Irish Mayor of the day in the City of Kingston.
Tom was a skilled craftsman, photographer and an avid railroad enthusiast. He was a member of the Kingston Model Railroad Club and the OW Society.
Tom was predeceased by his wife of 51 years, Bridie Woltman.
Surviving are his three sons: Brian J. Woltman, Harry and his loving wife, Denise and Sean J. Woltman; he had three grandsons: Brian J. Woltman Jr., Kevin and Andrew Woltman. He is also survived by a brother, Harry Woltman and brothers and sisters-in-law: Patrick Ward, Gracie Boyle, Sean Ward with his wife, Kitty, and Moya Boyle, along with a multitude of loving nieces and nephews, and many dear close friends.
Funeral arrangements are under the guidance of the Joseph V. Leahy Funeral Home, Inc., 27 Smith Ave., Kingston. Friends will be received at the funeral home from 4 to 8 p.m. on Monday. A funeral procession will form at 9 a.m., Tuesday at the funeral home. A Mass of Christian Burial will be celebrated at 10 a.m. on Tuesday at St. Mary's Church. Burial with military honors at St. Peter's Cemetery.
Ar dheis De go raibh a anam. (May his soul be at God's right hand.)
As Tom was proud of his Irish heritage, donations in lieu of flowers can be made to the Ulster County AOH, PO Box 2026, Kingston, NY 12402 would be greatly appreciated.
Joseph V. Leahy Funeral Home, Inc. 845-331-3272 or www.jvleahyfh.com.


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A look ahead at this weekend's weather condition.
Saturday 10/6/2012 Hi: 58� Much cooler. A chance of rain in the morning...then rain likely in the afternoon. Highs in the upper 50s. North winds 10 to 15 mph. The chance of precipitation 60 percent. Average rainfall 1/10 to 1/4 inch. Lo: 38� Mostly cloudy. A chance of rain. Lows in the mid 30s. North winds 5 to 10 mph. The chance of precipitation 50 percent. Sunday 10/7/2012 Hi: 60� Mostly sunny. Highs in the upper 50s. North winds 5 to 10 mph. Lo: 37� Partly cloudy. Patchy frost after midnight. Lows in the mid 30s. Monday 10/8/2012 Hi: 65� Sunny. Patchy frost in the morning. Highs in the mid 60s. Lo: 43� Mostly clear. Lows in the lower 40s.

subset: commoncrawl


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Environmental, Natural Resources, & Energy Law
Higgins Visitor lecture: "Warranted But Precluded: The State of U.S. Environmental Law"
Date: 5:30pm PDT March 12, 2013 Location: Legal Research Center
Legal Research Center
Higgins Visitor, Professor William Rodgers of the University of Washington law school, will be in residence at Lewis and Clark law school from March 4- 14, 2013. Professor Rodgers, the Stimson Bullitt Endowed Professor of Environmental Law at the University of Washington, will give a public lecture on March 12th at 5:30 pm at the Lewis and Clark law school entitled: "Warranted But Precluded: The State of U.S. Environmental Law."
Professor Rodgers is considered a founder of environmental law and is deeply respected as one of the nation's foremost experts in the field. Professor Rodgers began teaching at the UW School of Law in 1967, spent seven years at Georgetown University Law School, and returned to the UW in 1979. Professor Rodgers specializes in natural resource law and is recognized as a founder of environmental law. He teaches Environmental Law, and Oceans and Coastal Law. Professor Rodgers is actively involved in the Environmental Law and Litigation course, as well as the Berman Environmental Law Clinic. He produced the first volume of his two-volume treatise entitled Environmental Law in Indian Country (Thomson West 2005) and co-authored the recently published The Si'lailo Way: Indians, Salmon and Law on the Columbia River (Carolina Academic Press 2006). He has been actively involved in the Exxon Valdez "reopener," including publishing The Exxon Valdez Reopener: Natural Resource Damage Settlements, and Roads Not Taken, in the Alaska Law Review.
There will be a reception immediately following the lecture.
The Higgins Distinguished Visitor is endowed by a grant from the Lorene Sails Higgins Charitable Trust. The program was designed to provide an opportunity for Lewis & Clark faculty and students and the Portland community to learn from and interact with leading legal scholars from around the world.


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RBC.com | Français | | Contact Us
About RBC > Community & Sustainability > News >RBC supports Green Roofs for Healthy Cities
May 8 2013 - On May 21 – 22, Green Roofs for Healthy Cities will host the Grey to Green conference, a unique opportunity for leaders to share green infrastructure best practices, network and brainstorm creative solutions. The RBC Blue Water Project is sponsoring the conference, aligning with the project's new focus on supporting initiatives that help protect and preserve water in towns, cities and urbanized areas.
All around North America, cities are shifting from 'grey to green' approaches to developing and renewing their infrastructure. Green infrastructure involves the use of living systems such as green roofs and walls, urban forests, wetlands, porous paving systems and rain gardens as well as supportive technologies such as engineered soils and water storage and transportation systems.
Green infrastructure approaches can complement traditional grey infrastructure, and in some cases offer totally new solutions, with multiple, stacking benefits for taxpayers and all citizens.
The conference is designed to engage participants in new ways of thinking about project design, utility regulation and infrastructure capital and maintenance costs. Moving beyond green roofs, the conference agenda also includes keynote presentations and panel discussions on the urban heat effect, life cycle costs and benefits of green roofs. The event will take place at Evergreen Brickworks in Toronto, ON. Visit http://www.greytogreenconference.org for more details.


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NASCAR news, rumors and injuries
NASCAR | Tony Stewart strikes and kills driver
Sun, 10 Aug 2014 00:32:25 -0700
Stewart-Haas Racing driver Tony Stewart struck and killed driver Kevin Ward Jr. Saturday, Aug. 9, during a dirt-track race in upstate New York. Ward left his vehicle and was hit by a sliding Stewart. Ward was pronounced dead on arrival at Thompson Health hospital. Ontario County police are investigating the incident, saying Stewart has been cooperative and that no charges are pending.
Fantasy Tip: Stay tuned for more information. It may be best to avoid using Stewart this week at Watkins Glen.
Comment () | Share: | Source: USA TODAY Sports - Jeff Gluck
NASCAR | Chase drivers can't take part in test
Tue, 29 Jul 2014 14:38:56 -0700
NASCAR won't allow championship-eligible drivers to take part in a Goodyear tire test at Homestead-Miami Speedway this year. However, they will allow all organizations represented in the Chase to take part in the Aug. 26 test because Homestead is the site of the season finale. Teams will have to send a driver not qualified for the Chase to the test.
Comment () | Share: | Source: The Associated Press
NASCAR | Not close to limiting Cup drivers in lower series
Mon, 07 Jul 2014 20:15:23 -0700
NASCAR chairman Brian France indicated over the weekend that NASCAR isn't close to limiting Sprint Cup Series drivers to a certain number of starts in lower series. "That's always a question," France said. "When a Cup driver gets in and has a lot of success - Mark Martin did that for a long time in the Nationwide - and there's always that balance. But where we usually come out on that is that the younger drivers gain valuable experience even if somebody gets on a run and tends to win more events than is normal."
Comment () | Share: | Source: ESPN
NASCAR | Sponsorship agreement extended with Homestead-Miami Speedway
Sun, 15 Jun 2014 12:54:21 -0700
Ford Motor Co. has extended their sponsorship agreement with Homestead-Miami Speedway through 2019, with the option to extend the agreement again through 2024. The track serves as the host of NASCAR's final weekend, when the Sprint Cup, Nationwide and Truck champions are crowned.
Comment () | Share: | Source: The Associated Press
NASCAR | Top nine qualifiers for Indy 500 announced
Sun, 18 May 2014 12:35:49 -0700
The nine fastest qualifiers for the Indianapolis 500 have been announced. Drivers Ed Carpenter, James Hinchcliffe and Will Power will begin the race on the front row, with Helio Castroneves, Simon Pagenaud and Marco Andretti on the second row and Carlos Munoz, Josef Newgarden and J.R. Hildebrand on the third row. The race will be held Sunday, May 25.
Comment () | Share: | Source: The Associated Press
NASCAR | Robert Griffin III to drive pace car
Thu, 24 Apr 2014 07:45:14 -0700
Washington Redskins QB Robert Griffin III will drive the pace car for the race at Richmond International Raceway Saturday, April 26. Griffin will go through pace car training and spend some time with driver Dale Earnhardt Jr. before the race.
Comment () | Share: | Source: ESPN.com
NASCAR | Danica Patrick, Kyle Busch crash in practice
Fri, 14 Mar 2014 15:01:25 -0700
Stewart-Haas Racing driver Danica Patrick and Joe Gibbs Racing driver Kyle Busch both crashed in Sprint Cup practice at Bristol Motor Speedway Friday, March 14, and four drivers will have to go to backup cars for the race Sunday, March 16.
Comment () | Share: | Source: The Associated Press
NASCAR | Seven-car wreck in practice Wednesday
Wed, 19 Feb 2014 15:09:30 -0800
A seven-car accident in Sprint Cup practice Wednesday, Feb. 19, led to a hole being pierced in the Daytona International Speedway fencing. Roush Fenway Racing driver Matt Kenseth started the crash. The fence "performed the way it was designed to," but a steel cable and some mesh fencing needs to be replaced.
Comment () | Share: | Source: ESPN.com - Brant James
NASCAR | Three blow engines in practice
Mon, 17 Feb 2014 10:11:40 -0800
Stewart-Haas Racing drivers Danica Patrick and Tony Stewart and Phoenix Racing driver Bobby Labonte all blew their engines during practice for the Daytona 500 Saturday, Feb. 15. "It's just a motor. If it was getting ready for the race you would be a little more concerned," Stewart said. "It's just for qualifying. They pay the big check a week from tomorrow, not tomorrow." All three engines were from Hendrick Motorsports, and all three teams will now be forced to start from the back of the field for the race.
Comment () | Share: | Source: ESPN.com - Brant James
NASCAR | Playoff format changed
Thu, 30 Jan 2014 16:17:35 -0800
NASCAR announced Thursday, Jan. 30, that extensive changes are coming to their playoff format for the Chase for the Sprint Cup, expanding the field from 12 to 16 drivers and emphasizing winning races. A driver who wins a race during the 26-event regular season will be granted entry into the Chase regardless of where they rank in the points standings. The playoffs will now be known as the NASCAR Chase Grid. A win by a championship-eligible driver in any Chase race clinches that winning driver a spot in the next round. Four drivers will enter the championship with a chance at the title, and the Cup will go to the highest finisher among those four in the final race.
Comment () | Share: | Source: ESPN.com - John Oreovicz
NASCAR | Dave Blaney to enter HOF
Fri, 17 Jan 2014 16:30:41 -0800
NASCAR driver Dave Blaney is set to be inducted into the Sprint Cup Hall of Fame May 31.
Comment () | Share: | Source: Wilson County News - Amanda Vincent
NASCAR | Dave Blaney entered at Daytona
Wed, 08 Jan 2014 16:31:07 -0800
Driver Dave Blaney will revive the No. 77 Ford for Sprint Cup team owner Randy Humphrey at Daytona International Speedway this year, and he's expected to have the full-time ride with the team this year.
Comment () | Share: | Source: FOXSports.com - Lee Spencer
Stewart-Haas Racing | Ryan Newman in Chase after NASCAR penalties
Mon, 09 Sep 2013 17:07:43 -0700
Stewart-Haas Racing driver Ryan Newman has made the Chase, after NASCAR penalized Michael Waltrip Racing $300,000 and docked each driver on the team 50 points. Martin Truex Jr. had previously been determined to have made the Chase, beating out Newman on a tiebreaker, but it was determined that MWR driver Clint Bowyer intentionally spun his tires on a restart to help his teammate, violating Section 12-4 (Actions detrimental to stock car racing).
Comment () | Share: | Source: NASCAR.com
NASCAR | ESPN, Turner Sports want to nix deals early
Tue, 27 Aug 2013 12:52:27 -0700
ESPN and Turner Sports would like to opt out of their contracts with NASCAR a year early and turn them over to Fox and NBC in 2014. NASCAR recently agreed to a deal with Fox and NBC to run from 2015 to 2024. Fox and NBC are interested in picking up the rights but feel they should be compensated for letting ESPN and Turner out of their deals early.
Comment () | Share: | Source: SportingNews.com
NASCAR | Nationwide field shrinking
Wed, 17 Oct 2012 08:52:55 -0700
NASCAR announced Wednesday, Oct. 17, that the Nationwide Series field of 43 cars will shrink to 40 cars next season. The Sprint Cup Series will remain at 43 cars, though, and the Truck Series will remain at 36. The 36 fastest cars in the Nationwide Series will make the race on speed, followed by the next six highest-ranking cars in owner's points and one spot for the most recent eligible past champion.
Comment () | Share: | Source: ESPN.com - David Newton
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Wales' Capital Attractions
Facing the Celtic Sea and clinging as fiercely as a limpet to England's west coast, Wales is easy to reach. Though there are regular flights from major European cities to Cardiff's international airport, many Americans fly to London, a 6-hour flight from Boston or New York. From there, it's a pleasant two-hour journey aboard the First Great Western express train, with regular departures from London's Paddington Station, or a scenic 2 1/2 to 3-hour drive west along the M4 highway to Cardiff, Wales' lively bayside capital.
Before heading west to Swansea, spend a night or two in Cardiff, perhaps at the stylish Parc Hotel Thistle (www.thistle.com) where The Social serves contemporary Welsh comfort food like fisherman's pie, pork sausages with mashed potatoes, and free-range chicken. At the city's heart is 11th-century Cardiff Castle (www.cardiffcastle.com), its lavish medieval-style rooms adorned with stained-glass windows and gilded ceilings. Nearby, the National Museum's world-class collection, including the largest collection of Impressionist and Post-Impressionist art outside Paris, is open free to the public. Also in Cardiff are six Edwardian and Victorian-era shopping arcades, the huge Cardiff Market, and countless shops and malls along Queen Street. Rising along the bay is the Welsh Millennium Centre (www.wmc.org.uk), home of the Welsh National Opera and six other arts organizations, and the Welsh Parliament, sporting a wave-like roof and glass walls. Explore the trendy shops and cafes of Mermaid Quay (www.mermaidquay.co.uk), the white-frame Norwegian Church where Cardiff-born writer Roald Dahl was christened, and the Dr. Who Experience (www.doctorwhoexperience.com), based on the British sci-fi series now shooting in Cardiff and celebrating its 50th anniversary.
Dylan Thomas' Swansea and Laugharne
From Cardiff, it's a one-hour journey west, by car or train, to Swansea, where Dylan Thomas was born in 1914, spent his first 23 years and composed two-thirds of his work. Known as "Copperopolis" in the days when it produced 60 percent of the world's copper, today Swansea is the gateway to the splendid Gower Peninsula, which thrusts its muscular arm into the bay. Book a room at Morgans Hotel (www.morganshotel.co.uk), an elegant brick and limestone building with high-ceilinged rooms, a spacious bar and a superb dining room. Morgans is steps from the Dylan Thomas Centre, hosting the annual Dylan Thomas Festival, October 27-November 9. The two-week extravaganza of poetry, music and theater might feature anything from a reading by Wales' National Poet Gillian Clarke to a Bluestocking Lounge burlesque show with bawdy striptease acts punctuated by verse. Stop in to see the permanent Dylan Thomas Exhibit, featuring his manuscripts, doodles, photos and even the ink-stained borrowed suit worn during his fatal trip to New York in 1953.
Swansea was badly bombed in 1941 during a three-day German blitzkrieg but, miraculously, many Thomas haunts survived. On a hill overlooking Swansea Bay, the Dylan Thomas Birthplace (www.5cwmdonkindrive.com) is a semi-detached brick-and-stucco house open daily for tours by homeowner Geoff Haden. Featured in Thomas' famous reminiscence, A Child's Christmas in Wales, the house includes a small parlor with a flowered couch and easy chairs, a fireplace flanked by white ceramic poodles, and a shiny brass gramophone; the upstairs front guest bedroom where Thomas was born and his tiny bedroom. Stroll through leafy Cwmdonkin Park, Thomas' boyhood haunt, to the large memorial stone carved with lines from Fern Hill.
Steps from Morgans, at The Queens Hotel on Gloucester Street, Thomas, who worked at the South Wales Evening Post as a cub reporter, shared frequent pints of beer with fellow reporters. Closer to the waterfront, you'll find Dylan Thomas Square, with the poet's bronze statue overlooking a yacht-filled marina, and the Dylan Thomas Theatre, formerly the Swansea Little Theatre, where young Thomas performed. In the Meridian Tower, Wales' tallest building, the Grape & Olive (www.swansea.grapeandolive.co.uk) offers wraparound views, and well-crafted Welsh lamb cawl stew, fish pie, steak and seafood. Opposite Morgans, on pub-lined Wind Street, the No Sign Wine Bar, at no. 56, is yet another Thomas watering-hole.
You can follow the Dylan Thomas Trail brochures sold at the Dylan Thomas Centre bookshop (www.dylan-thomas-books.com), or the excellent Dylan Thomas's Swansea, Gower and Laugharne by James A. Davies (University of Cardiff Press, 2000). But the best way to explore Thomas' haunts is with an entertaining guide like Anne Haden (www.anniefromwales.com). Dr. Mike Davies of Dragon Tours (www.dragon-tours.com) runs van tours throughout Dylan Thomas Country. On select 2014 dates, Literature Wales (www.literaturewales.org) will offer 17 tours, from 2-hour walks to 3 to 5-night visits, many including bus, boat, canoe, horse-drawn carriage and horseback rides.
If Swansea is the "ugly, lovely" town of Thomas' youth, Laugharne remains his "beguiling island of a town," a village of incomparable beauty where Thomas spent his final years with wife Caitlin, their three children and dog Mably. It's also the setting for the annual Laugharne Weekend (www.dylanthomas100.org) of music, poetry, theater and film. Slated for April 4-6, 2014, the event will be expanded to include three additional festivals lasting till September 30. Entering Laugharne (pronounced "larn") - you'll pass St. Martin's Churchyard where Thomas and his wife lie buried under a simple white cross. In livelier Browns Hotel (www.browns-hotel.co.uk), have a pint of house ale where Thomas once tippled and played cards. If you're lucky, a ukulele player or guitarist might drop in to have a pint and entertain the locals. Upstairs, 14 spacious rooms have been tastefully refurbished and modernized. At Corran Books, across the street, shop-owner and Thomas biographer George Tremlett quietly holds sway. Around the corner, another Thomas haunt, the six-room New Three Mariners Inn (www.newthreemarinersinn.co.uk), is perfect for a bountiful Welsh breakfast with thick, meaty bacon.
Perhaps Laugharne's most famous site is the Writing Shed, a short walk from Laugharne Castle's crenellated ruins. At Castle House, Thomas' friend, Richard Hughes, wrote his 1929 bestseller A High Wind in Jamaica, and Thomas composed his famous short-story collection, Portrait of the Artist as a Young Dog. In the nearby Writing Shed, whitewashed walls are adorned with postcards of voluptuous women by the likes of Botticelli and Renoir, while a manuscript and empty beer bottle grace the poet's red writing table. Thomas wrote Under Milk Wood here while gazing at cattle on low-slung Sir John's Hill. Gentleman-farmer Bob Stevens, who keeps cattle there today, has carved out a hilltop trail (www.dylanthomasbirthdaywalk.co.uk) based on Thomas' Poem in October. Steps away, the poet's last home, The Boathouse (www.dylanthomasboathouse.com), hangs on a cliff above the River Tarn Estuary still fringed by "the mussel pooled and the heron priested shore." Inside, there's a tiny parlor decorated with the Thomases' 1950s furniture, a shop selling books and CDs, and a tearoom where, on warm days, you can take tea and coffee, along with sandwiches and raisin-studded Welsh cakes, on the slate terrace.
After a couple days in Laugharne, head north to New Quay where Thomas wrote Fern Hill and held court in the Black Lion Inn (www.blacklionnewquay.co.uk). Then continue north along the Celtic Sea's Cardigan Coast to Aberystwyth to see paintings and manuscripts at The National Library (www.llgc.org.uk), mounting a major Dylan Thomas exhibit, June 28-December 20, 2014. From there, it's a 15-mile drive southeast to quaint Tregaron. At historic Y Talbot (www.ytalbot.com), named for an extinct hunting dog related to our present-day beagle, sit beside the fireplace for a fine meal of slow-cooked Cambrian Mountain lamb shoulder, or fresh salmon, with ale or hard cider.
Stay overnight, then drive east, through the glorious Cambrian Mountains, to Hay-on-Wye, a tiny town of some 40 booksellers. Peruse the many volumes, keeping your eyes peeled for coveted first editions of Thomas' work. After a hearty pub lunch, travel south through the Black Mountains of Brecon Beacons National Park (www.visitbreconbeacons.com) to overnight in Cardiff before heading to London for the flight home.
For More Information
For details on the Dylan Thomas 100 Festival, log on to www.dylanthomas100.org For more on the annual Dylan Thomas Festival, visit www.dylanthomas.com For information on Wales, log on to www.americas.visitwales.com


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occurs when outputs of a system are routed back as inputs as part of a
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that forms a circuit or loop. [2] The system can then be said to feed back into itself. The notion of cause-and-effect has to be handled carefully when applied to feedback systems:
Simple causal reasoning about a feedback system is difficult because the first system influences the second and second system influences the first, leading to a circular argument. This makes reasoning based upon cause and effect tricky, and it is necessary to analyze the system as a whole.
Self-regulating mechanisms have existed since antiquity, and the idea of feedback had started to enter economic theory in Britain by the eighteenth century, but it wasn't at that time recognized as a universal abstraction and so didn't have a name. [4]
The verb phrase "to feed back", in the sense of
returning to an earlier position
in a mechanical process, was in use in the US by the 1860s,
and in 1909, Nobel laureate
Karl Ferdinand Braun
used the term "feed-back" as a noun to refer to (undesired)
between components of an electronic circuit.
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By the end of 1912, researchers using early electronic amplifiers (
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This action of feeding back of the signal from output to input gave rise to the use of the term "feedback" as a distinct word by 1920. [8]
Over the years there has been some dispute as to the best definition of feedback. According to
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(1956), mathematicians and theorists interested in the principles of feedback mechanisms prefer the definition of circularity of action , which keeps the theory simple and consistent. For those with more practical aims, feedback should be a deliberate effect via some more tangible connection.
Focusing on uses in management theory, Ramaprasad (1983) defines feedback generally as "...information about the gap between the actual level and the reference level of a system parameter" that is used to "alter the gap in some way." He emphasizes that the information by itself is not feedback unless translated into action. [9]
Mid-day meditation/nap. Especially if I've been going hard. I use a free iOS app named Oak and do a 15 minute meditation, that often turns into a nap, usually right after lunch.
And in the interest in trying to see other people. If I don't have a client meeting scheduled, I'll often try and meet someone in the industry for a coffee or lunch, assuming my schedule is manageable.
I relly like this but I want to know what can we do if we never work remotely because I'm from Mexico and here it's really hard to work or collaborate with others artist remotely, not a lot of people trust to freelance people to work remotely hope you can help me
Very nice guide! I'm working remotely about 10 years, and in this time I've changed my workflow that now I'm very much productive than at the start. Sure the tips you're saying are very nice and helpful. I've added some tips to improve my productivity.
First one use define some kind of action are you doing during an ideal week. Then create in google calendar a new voice with its own color for that list you've just done. Fill on Sunday the next week with appoinments, work you have to do, etc or even more if you know that already. The best one is to start with your personal things to do like reading, sports, family, etc. Then fill the gaps with the work. Don't fill every gap! Take some hour free because you really don't know things are going like you think Then when you work you could use some nice tecniques to improve your work. If you are using only the PC, turn off all the notification from everything that would beep. Don't use music if you are going to do something creative thinking, that's better. Use mind maps to make clear and an understandable path you work through. Then use the pomodoro tecnique ( https://francescocirillo.com/pages/pomodoro-technique ) and do 1 thing at a time. If you are doing anything, choose one thing to do and make sure you're doing only that one! This is important because everything that is distracting you to do your job, is making that job more long than the time you predicted when you was filling the week of work and appointments.
I also do some exercise with the body when I wake up and some meditation to increase concentration and awareness. That help you to stay more focused and to be more kind to yourself.
I could tell you more things, but doing these are a lot of habits to change and is not easy at first!
But I assure you, by doing this you are focused a lot more than before.
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Cognitive linguistics interprets language in terms of concepts (sometimes universal, sometimes specific to a particular tongue) that underlie its form. It is thus closely associated with
but is distinct from
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, which draws upon empirical findings from cognitive psychology in order to explain the mental processes that underlie the acquisition, storage, production and understanding of speech and writing. Unlike generative theory, cognitive linguistics denies that there is an autonomous linguistic faculty in the mind; it understands grammar in terms of conceptualization ; and claims that knowledge of language arises out of language use . manchester great sale for sale Champion VX Canvas Trainer In White amazon for sale find great online outlet fast delivery IsaxBWDm
Because of its conviction that knowledge of language is learned through use, cognitive linguistics is sometimes considered to be a functional approach, but it differs from other functional approaches in that it is primarily concerned with how the mind creates meaning through language, and not with the use of language as a tool of communication.
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study the history of specific languages as well as general characteristics of language change. The study of language change is also referred to as "diachronic linguistics" (the study of how one particular language has changed over time), which can be distinguished from "synchronic linguistics" (the comparative study of more than one language at a given moment in time without regard to previous stages). Historical linguistics was among the first sub-disciplines to emerge in linguistics, and was the most widely practised form of linguistics in the late 19th century. However, there was a shift to the synchronic approach in the early twentieth century with Saussure , and became more predominant in western linguistics with the work of Air Jordan Spizike Midnight Navy/Metallic Silver cheap nicekicks sale Manchester cheap sale get authentic best place for sale discount websites XeGHwF
Ecolinguistics explores the role of language in the life-sustaining interactions of humans, other species and the physical environment. The first aim is to develop linguistic theories which see humans not only as part of society, but also as part of the larger ecosystems that life depends on. The second aim is to show how linguistics can be used to address key ecological issues, from climate change and biodiversity loss to environmental justice. [51]
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is the study of how language is shaped by social factors. This sub-discipline focuses on the synchronic approach of linguistics, and looks at how a language in general, or a set of languages, display variation and varieties at a given point in time. The study of language variation and the different varieties of language through dialects, registers, and ideolects can be tackled through a study of style, as well as through analysis of discourse. Sociolinguists research on both style and discourse in language, and also study the theoretical factors that are at play between language and society.
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Freshman duo 22-8 on the year
SKILLMAN, N.J. (April 10, 2013) – The ETSU women's tennis freshman doubles pairing of Lyn Yee Choo (Kuching, Malaysia) and Anna Gerbasi (Caracas, Venezuela) broke into the Intercollegiate Tennis Association (ITA) national rankings on Tuesday at No. 71.
Choo and Gerbasi are an impressive 22-8 overall on the 2012-13 campaign, including a 12-2 mark over the spring season and an undefeated posting of 6-0 in Atlantic Sun play. The freshman duo has played 13-of-14 spring contests in the No. 1 slot, where it is 12-1, and has won its last 10 matches.
The two Lady Buccaneers began making noise against the nation's best in early November. The duo earned its first win over a nationally ranked pairing at the Dick Vitale Intercollegiate Clay Court Classic, defeating then-No. 14 Kanyapat Narattana and Malika Rose of Oklahoma State, 8-6. Choo and Gerbasi are 1-1 against nationally ranked opponents overall.
The 71st-ranked duo will look to finish a perfect 8-0 in A-Sun play this weekend as ETSU (11-5, 6-0 A-Sun) travels to Georgia to complete the regular season against Mercer and Kennesaw State.
ETSU fans wanting Buccaneer news, score updates, in-game promotions and much more sent to their mobile device can do so by signing up for "Buc Updates." Click here to sign up today!
For more information on ETSU men's tennis, please visit www.ETSUBucs.com.


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The family Scombridae, the mackerels, tunas, and bonitos, includes some of the world's most popular food and sport fishes. The family also boasts the fastest-swimming fishes in the world, and bluefin tunas are probably the largest of all bony fishes. Scombrids' size, speed, and popularity are related to their high degree of adaptation to a pelagic, nomadic existence. Their bodies are formed to maximize swimming efficiency, and tunas even have a vascular heat exchange system that allows for prolonged swimming in colder water (see Physical Description). Smaller mackerels often live closer to shore, but other mackerels, tunas, and bonitos roam deeper waters, often in wide migratory patterns (see Habitat). Due to their great range and extensive use as food fish, scombrids bear many common names and have long been familiar to humans. Bonitos, for example, appear in Captain Cook's journals. Human influence, however, has rendered at least five species endangered or vulnerable to extinction. The family Scombridae is comprised of two tribes, subdivided into 15 genera and 49 species.


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DSS offers basic skills and strategy classes. DSS classes provide an opportunity for students to improve academic skills, identify career goals, learn about college resources and participate in exercise science.
Personal development (PD) classes are designed to help students develop personal skills such as study skills, test-taking strategies, time management, and decision-making skills. Improving those skills will help towards success in college.
Adapted physical education courses are offered through the Exercise Science program and are adapted to address the individualized needs of students with disabilities. All Exercise Science classes require a doctor certification (Medical Release Form). Exercise Science classes feature activities in personalized fitness, sports, and swimming and are frequently offered in summer as well as in the fall and spring semesters.
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Ohio Jewish Chronicle. (Columbus, Ohio), 1986-12-18, page 01
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w. »A colj. o. 43211 ' ■1 Serving Columbus and Central OhioJewish Community for Over 60 Years VOL. 64 NO. 52 DECEMBER 18,1986-KISLEV 16 Devoted lo American and Jewish ideals. Community-Wide Effort Underway For Blood Drive A community-wide effort is underway to insure the success of the semi-annual Jewish Community Blood Drive. B'nai B'rith Zion Lodge is coordinating the efforts of the Jewish War Veterans, synagogue groups, B'nai B'rith Women, Gideon and Maccabee Lodges and the Young Jewish Professionals group of the Federation. The drive will take place at the Leo Yassenoff Jewish Center on Wednesday, Dec. 24, from 12 to 6 p.m. The Jewish community has held blood drives for over 40 years. All healthy persons between the ages of 17 and 65 may donate blood. One of the goals of the Dec. 24 drive is to find "new Blood" — expand the base of donors with more donors between the ages of 17-40. Donating blood will take just a few minutes. Those wishing to make an appointment may call 235-0440. An appointment, however, is not required. :J V l*Bl V* **•< <s Shamir Defends Israel's Role In Arms Shipments To Iran Pictured above are recipients of the "Pride of the Brotherhood" Award- to be presented by the Agudas Achim Brotherhood on Feb. 15. The awardees are (1. to r.) Nate Nedelman, Harry Topolosky, Herbert L. Solomon, Abe Horowitz and Jerry Acks. Agudas Achim Brotherhood Will Honor Five Members The Agudas Achim Brotherhood will honor members Jerry Acks, Abe Horowitz, Nathan Nedelman, Herbert L. Solomon and Harry Topolosky on Feb. 14 and 15 at their first "Pride of the Brotherhood" weekend, announced Robert ' Shapiro, chairman. On Saturday, Feb. 14, the congregation will observe the first annual "Pride of the Brotherhood" Shabbat. The Brotherhood will sponsor the 1 ' IH.v jl m w ^ iii !' li ^,. 'Hannah Senesh: Profile Of A Heroine' To Be Community Chanukah Present '«• "ii if i ■ ! / \ ;? . * "Heroism is both an attitude of mind and an act of will," says Cline Barnes of The NewYork Times."... it was 1934. A bad time to be a Jew anywhere ... So it was a time for heroes, Unexpected heroes in unexpected places." The Leo Yassenoff Jewish Center presents, . as its Chanukah present to the community, this one-woman show—Hannah Senesh ^Portrait of a Woman Warrior. This story of Hannah is based on her diaries and poems and portrayed by Lori Wilner. , Wilner, actress, singer and dancer, portrays Hannah and her mother in this one- act play. Wilner has worked extensively in New York and across the country. The recipient of the 1983 Seagull Acting Award, she is a founding member of "1023" Theatre and has appeared in mummmtmim^mmmmmBm St»TI.0 Chwwitcle! aammmmmiammmmimamm**'*"** »' '-' ' . '' f- Wtti* r««J*mittn v • - •». *3 ChmUieA; vf Cotnma«fty<&?«tK!ar<*,. i mttaizWezMW ,??7 a, a 5^To*rsAg*.», * Obituaries'^' A,.. V> Social Mm;; ..,«., m .... m numerous off-Broadway productions, including David Schechter's adaptation of Isaac B. Singer's Gimpel the Fool. Schechter is the play's director and composer of some songs. Steven Lutvak composed and arranged the original score. Direct from an off-Broadway run, "this story of Hannah Senesh personifies the Jews' struggle for freedom in the 20th century, in the same way that the Maccabees exemplified the Jews' struggle for freedom in 165 BCE," said Carole Genshaft, program co-chair: "Today, the name Hannah Senesh has become synonymous with courage and dedication," she continued. "It is in this spirit that the holiday of Chanukah is celebrated," she concluded, "and a .most- appropriate Chanukah gift to the entire community." The program" will be presented on Sunday, Dec. 21, at the Leo Yassenoff Jewish Center, 1125 College Ave. There will be two performances: 2 p.m. and 7:30 p.m. Tickets are available at no charge but are required for admission. "Requests are literally pouring in," says Leon Friedberg, co-chair for the event. "So please, don't wait until the last minute to get your tickets; they may be (CONTINUED ON PAGE 3) kiddush in honor of the awardees, who have been selected for their service to Brotherhood. A "Pride of the Brotherhood" dinner will be held Sunday, Feb. 15, at 6 p.m. in the Silberstein Social Hall, noted Shapiro. Serving as members of the planning committee are Steve Shkolnik, publicity and public relations; Sandy Lichtenstein, flowers and dinner arrangements; Ken Palestrant, treasurer; Garry Beim, food. The congregation and the community are invited to participate in the Shabbat Services and kiddush. Invitations will be issued for the Sunday dinner which is open to the congregation and family and friends of the awardees. Couvert for the Prime Rib Awards Dinner will be $10 per person, $20 per couple. Hillard Abroms serves as president of the Agudas Achim Brotherhood. Vice Presidents for 1986-87 are Stanley Sacks and Robert Shapiro. For further information, call the synagogue office, 237-2747. JERUSALEM (JTA) - Premier Yitzhak Shamir, defending Israel's role in the U.S. arms shipments to Iran, said last week that "if there had not been any leaks" Israeli soldiers held prisoner in Lebanon would have been released as part of the deal. Shamir, addressing a meeting of the Likud Knesset- faction, said that because ithe arms deal "exploded" into worldwide attention, the soldiers were not freed. He gave no details, but he may have been referring to two Israel Defense Force soldiers captured last February in the south Lebanon security zone. They are believed to be in the Christopher Sykes Dead At Age 79 LONDON, (JTA) - Christopher Sykes, author and historian, died last week at age 79. The son of Sir Mark Sykes; who play«d a key role in promoting and issuing the Balfour Declaration, Christopher Sykes wrote extensively on Zionism and the rise of Israel. Crossroads to Israel (1965) remains a standard work on the Arab-Israeli conflict, reflecting the author's intimate knowledge of Zionist affairs. He also wrote the definitive biography of Gen. Orde Wingate, the pro-Zionist British officer, whom he greatly admired. In Two Studies in Virtue (1953), he portrayed the career of his father, assistant secretary to the War Cabinet, who died at a tragically young age shortly after World War I. hands of Hezbullah, the pro- Iran Shiite extremist group. Shamir justified Israel's assistance to the U.S. in its attempts to trade arms for hostages. "We could have live on Olympus, detached, neutral and indifferent. But we must live in the area, buy friends, work with friends and cooperate with them when it serves the interests of Israel," he said. . Israel's conscience is entirely clear in this matter, Shamir said, noting that had the soldiers been released "everyone would have praised" the exchange. As it is, he said, he was not worried about Israel's regard in the U.S. He said he has met with several influential "people who came from the U.S." in recent days and all of them "told us Israel is not being attacked and not being accused in this affair." Many in the, U.S. appreciate Israel's role, Shamir said. Blank And Talis To Coordinate SUPER SUNDAY Phone And Funday "With Ruth Ann Blank's leadership as co-chairperson of SUPER SUNDAY '87 and Michael Talis as co- vblve more than 200 volunteers reaching out to as many as 2,000 homes in an intense fundraising phonathon on behalf of the 1987 United Jewish Fund Campaign of the Columbus Jewish Federation. The Seventh.Annual SUPER SUNDAY, will be held at the Leoj Yassenoff Jewish Center, 1125 College Ruth Ann Blank chairman for the event, we have a winning combination for a successful community- wide Phone and Funday," said Norman Traeger, 1987 General Campaign chairman. Blank and Talis will coordinate the daylong fundraising event on Sunday, Jan. 18. SUPER SUNDAY '87 will in- Ave., with Michael Talis . beginning at 9 a.m. the phonathon. Pro- (CONTINUED ON PAGE 17) Local B'nai B'rith Lodges To Again 'Feed Police' Other police agencies to be served include Bexley, Whitehall, Reynoldsburg, Gahanna, Worthington, Upper Arlington, Westerville, Granville, Ohio State University, Dublin, Grove City, Grandview, Groveport- Madison Township, HilliSrd, Pataskala and West Jefferson as well as the Franklin County and Fairfield Cpunty Sheriff's Departments. "Feed the Police" is the oldest program of its kind and has been implemented by other organizations around the country. It has received the Citizen's Commendation Award from the Columbus Police Department. Once again this year, members of the Maccabee and Zion Lodges of B'nai B'rith will engage in their yearly tradition known as "Feed the Police." From 8 p.m. Christmas Eve until dawn on Christmas Day, upwards of 100 lodge members will deliver food to 21 local police agencies with some 'members riding in cruisers with the officers to keep them company throughout the evening. What began in 1972 when a group of Jewish men decided to drop off baked goods to officers at three east side police stations has blossomed into a program that finds over 1200 officers enjoying over 400 pounds of meat and cheese during a period when even fast food franchises lock their <Joors. While some private (donations are received to carry out "Feed the Police," the bulk of the cost is included in the annual budgets of both Maccabee and Zion Lodges, fan Wednesday, Dec. 24, from 10 a.m. until 2 p.m., food trays will be prepared at the Western Sizzlin Steak House at 376 S. Hamilton Rd. Beginning at 7 p.m., members will be in the cafeteria (CONTINUED ON PAGE 11) -■I ''I fl ■7,1 I I \ ■'■■■
Object Description
|Ohio Jewish chronicle. (Columbus, Ohio), 1986-12-18
|Jews -- Ohio -- Periodicals
Columbus (Ohio)
Franklin County (Ohio)
|The Chronicle Printing and Publishing Co.
|Ohio Jewish Chronicle
|Submitting Institution
|Columbus Jewish Historical Society
|This item may have copyright restrictions. Online access is provided for research purposes only. For rights and reproduction requests or more information, go to http://www.ohiohistory.org/images/information
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|Ohio Jewish Chronicle. (Columbus, Ohio), 1986-12-18, page 01
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|Full Text
colj. o. 43211 '
Serving Columbus and Central OhioJewish Community for Over 60 Years
Devoted lo American
and Jewish ideals.
Effort Underway
For Blood Drive
A community-wide effort
is underway to insure the
success of the semi-annual
Jewish Community Blood
B'nai B'rith Zion Lodge is
coordinating the efforts of
the Jewish War Veterans,
synagogue groups, B'nai
B'rith Women, Gideon and
Maccabee Lodges and the
Young Jewish Professionals
group of the Federation.
The drive will take place
at the Leo Yassenoff Jewish
Center on Wednesday,
Dec. 24, from 12 to 6 p.m.
The Jewish community
has held blood drives for
over 40 years. All healthy
persons between the ages of
17 and 65 may donate blood.
One of the goals of the
Dec. 24 drive is to find "new
Blood" — expand the base of
donors with more donors between the ages of 17-40.
Donating blood will take
just a few minutes. Those
wishing to make an appointment may call 235-0440. An
appointment, however, is not
|Date created


text:
Quote from Ideas and Tips for Decor Balconies and Terraces which in the Garden and Avid Social Lover :
Flower is the main ingredients of the balcony decoration things. The balcony is being able to become your experimental greenhouse. You can do the gardening just on your balcony and stack all your flower collection there and you can have a new routine to water them and watch them grow just like you grow a baby. The another element in your balcony is the comfy seating. It is up to you whether you want to cover your small balcony decoration ideas up or just let it naked without any awning or canopy. You can also put the wicker stainless table sets to make it more romantic.
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After he personally nominated me for nature educator of the year for North America, I spent considerable time with country�s greatest field guide illustrator, Roger Tory Peterson.
My wife and I had the privilege of being with him and his wife in Jamestown, N.Y., where he was born, and where the Roger Tory Peterson Institute � devoted to nature education � is located. By that time, he had seen his nationally acclaimed 1980 work trumped in 1983 by a team of artists and writers who collaborated to produce a state-of-the-art �National Geographic Society Field Guide to the Birds of North America.�
It was astounding in its completeness, its supreme attention to detail of plumages as they changed with age and sex. Peterson subsequently heard criticisms that he complacently had not kept up with advances in identifications.
This criticism hurt him badly, he said, especially because it came from some of the top American field ornithologists whom he had mentored. The criticism drove him painfully to work on a final edition, a truly great effort that he confided was, as he had aged considerably in finishing it, �a constant battle between my eyes and hands to paint.� His death in 1996 necessitated a posthumous fourth edition publication in 2002. I love that book.
The National Geographic guide set a higher standard over Peterson in many ways. It contained more natural poses with birds, often showing behavioral traits in their habitat, something Peterson never really got into. But the National Geographic guide, to be fair, was a collaboration of many bird artists and writers.
In a time that was called �the battle of the field guides,� many new books came out. All had had the advantage of standing on Peterson�s shoulders, which set the standard. Peterson�s field guide was all done by one great man.
One advantage it has over the marvelous National Geographic guide, which I use extensively and value highly, is its uniformity of style and quality. When you look at families of birds in National Geographic, you see a great variability in style and even quality.
When the National Geographic guide first came out, I immediately bought it and used it almost exclusively, like just about every other serious birder. My Peterson was shelved. The new guide had more species, including rare birds from Asia that would show up in remote Alaska.
As DNA began to reveal the complexities of speciation, we began adding more birds to our North American list. Changes in taxonomy have since prompted National Geographic to produce a half-dozen new editions.
The birder�s world is insatiable for advancements to help their identifications. They readily buy anything new and improved. In 1997, Jack Griggs wrote �All the Birds of North America,� employing a team of bird artists. Its organization doesn�t always follow the normal taxonomical order established in other guides, but it does have some stunningly beautiful drawings.
If you took a survey today of the field guide most used by birders, it would surely be the �Sibley Guide to Birds,� first published by Allen Sibley in 2000. Though I own and frequently use a copy, it�s not my favorite. I appreciate that it shows more plumages for species than other guides, is extremely accurate and helps identify birds in flight better, depicting them as they show their open wings both from below and above.
It�s quickly apparent, for example, that a male rose breasted grosbeak has rosy underwings, while females have lemony yellow underwings. Those familiar with Peterson see that Sibley has inherited the former�s minimalistic illustrations, mostly with pure white backgrounds, and helpful lines pointing to important field marks. Sibley�s birds are very simple, even a bit flat, with little habitat, artistic detail, or distinctive behavior in the poses, and no mention of behavior in the text.
I don�t include any photographic field guides in my list. I find them least helpful. Bird artists can much more clearly depict birds in positions that reveal the features we need to see, and they�re not so encumbered by the problems with light that photographers have.
However, one photographic field guide deserves mention: Ken Kaufman�s �Field Guide to Birds of North America.� In 2005, it came out with a Spanish edition. I think that�s very significant because the vast majority of our migratory birds fly to Latin America for the winter, where they need people just as knowledgeable and excited about them to support their survival.
Though my favorite field guide is the National Geographic, like most serious birders, I own them all and use every one of them at various times for different reasons. In the history of nature study, no previous generation has had the luxury of so much great identification help for our passion.
Central Mass. waters stocked with trout this week include: Silver Lake, Athol; South Pond, Brookfield; Lancaster Mill Pond and Mossy Pond, Clinton; Wallum Lake, Douglas; Comet Pond, Hubbardston; Conners Pond, Petersham; Demond Pond, Long Pond and Whitehall Pond, Rutland; Browning Pond, Spencer; Big Alum, Sturbridge; and Webster Lake.
Saturday � Worcester County League of Sportsmen�s Banquet, Wachusett Country Club. Prime rib, baked stuffed haddock, chicken and vegetarian plate. Cost: $35. Info: Dave Morin, email@example.com.
Sunday � Birding Lake Quaboag, Forbush Bird Club. Leader: Rodney Jenkins, (508) 757-5010. Meet at parking lot, Shore Road, Brookfield, at 7:30 a.m.
Sunday � Ham shoot, 1 p.m., 8 Point Sportsman�s Club, 147 Beaman Road, Sterling. Info: Bob Thomas, 8 Point Trap Committee, email@example.com.
Sunday � Leicester Rod & Gun�s last meat raffle of the season, 2 p.m.
Monday � Rhode Island Saltwater Angler Association seminar, �Fishing the Cape Cod Canal,� West Valley Inn, West Warwick, R.I. Cost: $10.
Monday � New England Fly Tyers board of directors meeting, 7 p.m., American Legion Post 204, 159 Hartwell St., West Boylston.
April 17 � Trapping classes at the Georgetown Fish & Game Club, 6 to 9 p.m., followed by April 27 (8 a.m. to 5 p.m.). Info: Malcom Speicher, email@example.com.
Contact Mark Blazis at firstname.lastname@example.com.


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Are plastic constituents of foods containers and medical devices safe?
Many chemical compounds are used as a plasticizer to improve the flexibility and moldability of polymers such as PVC, making the material soft even at low temperatures. Phthalates, particularly phthalate esters (PEs), among these latter components, are released into any liquid and solution from all PVC materials used for alimentary and/or medical purposes, including pockets for blood transfusions, parenteral nutrition, dialysis tubes, devices for extracorporeal circulation (CEC) and membrane oxygenation (ECMO), etc… PEs are the most abundant man-made pollutants and increase the risk of developing an allergic respiratory disease or a malignancy.
Since 2003, these chemicals were considered potentially hazardous to health with consequences still under discussion: some studies seem to demonstrate that phthalates can produce effects similar to those of the estrogen hormones, causing a feminization of male babies and developmental disorders and maturation of testes. Breast milk is also found to contain detectable levels of phthalates, as well as infant formula and baby food. Europe, for instance, legislated in order to limit use of these compounds and hence prevent adverse effects in development [1]. Recently, a few studies have demonstrated that phthalates could cause oxidative stress which would contribute to the development of insulin resistance which is believed to be the underlying mechanism of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus [2].
Even though effects, directly correlated to phthalates ingestion, seem to be quite clear but are still under investigation, it is well strengthened that these are harmful when released by several type of plastic surfaces, in contact with blood, of medical devices in prolonged use. The leaching of PE's in donated packed red blood cells during storage was assessed provoking oxidative stress and increasing the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines [3].
The same effects could be detected in patients where dialysis and extracorporeal circulation devices were used.
Rodent studies also showed that high exposure to phthalates causes damage to some internal organs including liver, kidneys and lungs [4]. All these assumptions led recently FDA to issue a document certifying harmfulness of such chemical agents, concluding that a real risk exists to human health, especially for pediatrics and pregnant women.
The aim of this post is not to create scaremongering in people but to just help diffusion of news so that everyone can create personal and independent opinions.
[1] Human Elimination of Phthalate Compounds: Blood, Urine, and Sweat (BUS) Study.
SJ Genuis, S Beesoon, RA Lobo, D Birkholz – ScientificWorldJournal, 2012: 615068 – doi:10.1100/2012/615068
[2] Diethylhexyl Phthalates Is Associated with Insulin Resistance via Oxidative Stress in the Elderly: A Panel Study
JH Kim, Hy Park, S Bae, YH Lim, YC Hong – PLoS One, 2013 19;8(8):e71392
[3] Phthalate esters used as plasticizers in packed red blood cell storage bags may lead to progressive toxin exposure and the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
LT Rael, R Bar-Or, DR Ambruso, CW Mains, DS Slone, ML Craun, D Bar-Or – Oxid Med Cell Longev, 2009;2(3):166-71.
[4] Presence of Plasticizer Di-2(ethylhexyl)phthalate in Primed Extracorporeal Circulation Circuits
Burkhart HM, Joyner N, Niles S, Ploessl J, Everett J, Iannettoni M, Richenbacher W – ASAIO Journal 2007; 53:365–367.


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Alleged Auschwitz guard deported from US found unfit for trial in Germany
BERLIN – A 94-year-old man deported from the U.S. for lying about his Nazi past was released from custody Friday after a German court said it had serious doubts he is fit to stand trial on charges he served as a death camp guard.
The state court in Ellwangen, in southwestern Germany, said in a statement it had concluded that Hans Lipschis was suffering from the onset of dementia, based on two meetings with the suspect and a psychiatric assessment, and that he was easily disoriented.
"It is very likely that the accused can no longer follow a criminal trial of this magnitude, complexity and length sufficiently and could therefore no longer adequately defend himself against the serious charges," the court said.
It was not clear where Lipschis would go, and his attorney was not immediately available for comment. Lipschis has been held in a prison hospital.
Though the court still has to formally decide whether to open the trial against him, it said that it was ordering his release from custody because there was "considerable doubt that the accused is fit to stand trial" and thus it isn't very likely he would be convicted.
Lipschis has acknowledged being assigned to an SS guard unit at Auschwitz but maintains he only served as a cook and was not involved in any war crimes.
Lipschis is one of some 30 suspected former Auschwitz guards against whom the special German prosecutors' office that investigates Nazi war crimes said in September it had found enough evidence to warrant accessory to murder charges.
The Lipschis case was the one that had progressed furthest, and the fact that it now looks unlikely to go to trial illustrates the challenges ahead for state prosecutors who are now investigating whether to bring charges against the others.
Lipschis was deported from the U.S. in the early 1980s for lying about his Nazi past when he immigrated to Chicago in 1956, and he has lived in Germany since.
He went uncharged, however, until after the 2011 conviction of Ohio autoworker John Demjanjuk in Munich, whose case established a new precedent after he was found guilty of accessory to murder as a Sobibor camp guard even though there was no evidence he committed a specific crime.
The court agreed with the prosecution's argument that anyone who was a guard at a camp whose sole purpose was murder could be charged as an accessory to that act.
The Auschwitz cases, including Lipschsis', are being pursued under that same theory even though Demjanjuk -- who denied ever being a guard anywhere -- died while his case was still being appealed.
Lipschis was taken into custody in May after authorities concluded there was "compelling evidence" he was involved in crimes at Auschwitz while he was a guard there.
Stuttgart prosecutors in late September charged him with 10,500 counts of accessory to murder in connection with the deaths of people slain in Auschwitz while he was alleged to have been there.
Stuttgart prosecutors were not available for comment on whether they would try to appeal the court's decision to release Lipschis.
About 1.5 million people, primarily Jews, were killed at the Auschwitz camp complex between 1940 and 1945.


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STOCKTON - A prowler made a bad situation worse after being spotted by police about 8 a.m. Friday in the 400 block of North Tuxedo Avenue, authorities said.
STOCKTON - A prowler made a bad situation worse after being spotted by police about 8 a.m. Friday in the 400 block of North Tuxedo Avenue, authorities said.
The prowler jumped a fence and fled on foot, running north, police said. He then entered a residence, where he attempted to take a Kindle Nook and a set of car keys. The homeowner managed to take the Kindle device back from the burglar, but the man then attempted to take her vehicle, officers said.
As he was trying to get into the vehicle, the man saw police and ran away again, authorities said. He attempted to break into a business and then ran inside another business, where he was apprehended, police said.
Ryan Correa, 35, was arrested on suspicion of burglary, residential robbery, possession of burglary tools, possession of stolen property, vandalism and resisting arrest, authorities said. He also was arrested for a felony warrant.
STOCKTON - A man was shot and robbed in a north Stockton neighborhood late Thursday, authorities said.
The victim was walking in the 2500 block of East Swain Road just east of Lorraine Avenue when he was approached by a vehicle occupied by three men, officers said. When the men exited the vehicle, one pulled out a handgun and shot the victim one time, causing him to fall to the ground, police said.
The assailants then stole the victim's belongings before fleeing in the vehicle. The gunman was described as a black man about 18 years old with a white T-shirt and a red San Francisco 49ers hat, authorities said. The victim, who was taken to a hospital for treatment, was unable to describe the other two men, police said.
STOCKTON - A man was beaten and zapped with a stun gun during a home invasion robbery Thursday night in south Stockton, police said.
The victim told officers he was home alone in the 500 block of West Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Boulevard about 11 p.m. when two men pushed their way into the residence. One of the intruders used a stun gun on the victim, while the other struck him several times with a firearm, police said.
The robbers ransacked the victim's room and fled with his personal property, authorities said. Both were described as black or Latino men standing about 5 feet 5 inches tall with thin builds, officers said. One was wearing blue checkered shorts and a black hooded sweatshirt.
LOCKEFORD - Two people from Modesto were traveling south on Clements Road in a rural area of northeast San Joaquin County on Friday morning when a big rig heading east on Brandt Road failed to stop at a stop sign and plowed into their vehicle, killing the passenger and seriously injuring the driver, the California Highway Patrol reported.
The crash took place about 7:05 a.m., when the driver of the Peterbilt tractor, identified as James L. White, 66, of Lakeport, would have been traveling toward the sun about 20 minutes after sunrise, officials said.
The CHP estimated White's speed at 40 to 45 mph as the front of his tractor hit the passenger side of a 1996 Ford traveling 50 to 55 mph and driven by Linda Carter, 63, of Modesto. The big rig kept moving east, pushing the Ford into an embankment on the southeast shoulder of the intersection. The impact killed 64-year-old Donald Carter and left Linda Carter with major, non-life-threatening injuries, according to the CHP.
Linda Carter and White were taken to hospitals for treatment. The CHP is continuing its investigation, but alcohol was not believed to be a factor in the crash, officers said.


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"Here To Stay" is a simple, mellow track that creates a warm, positive feel. It begins with simple acoustic guitars and builds up with catchy vocals and a clap-track, simple percussion, piano, bass, and glockenspiel. This track will bring a happy, uplifting feel to your project!
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Thanks for checking out my music! There is no doubt that music will add a polishing touch to your projects. It will make your projects stand out and get the attention they deserve… resulting in more sales.
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On a recent morning, just south of Washington, D.C.'s Dupont Circle, about a dozen people are lined up outside a restaurant waiting for its lunchtime opening.
Jon and Ralph Rosenbaum are at the front of the line and are the first to be greeted by DGS Delicatessen general manager Brian Zipin, who leads them down a white tile hallway and seats them at a small table against a brick-exposed wall.
It's not the first time the two brothers have eaten at DGS, which calls itself a modern Jewish cookery. The New Jersey natives have lived in the nation's capital for years, but they say it's overdue for a delicatessen.
"It's nice that we finally have a place that has quality Jewish food, Jewish-American food, I would call it," Jon says. "We have a couple of other places, but they're not terribly good, so we're very happy with it."
The menu is not exactly what you would find in a place like New York's famous Katz's Deli. There's a grilled eggplant Reuben, smoked salmon pastrami served on bagels imported from Montreal, and a pickle plate. The menu describes the pickles as "half sours, dills and whatever else we can get our hands on."
The men behind the restaurant say they aren't trying to create literal reinterpretations of Jewish deli food. Instead, they say, they see themselves as part of a renaissance currently happening with Jewish cuisine.
Experimenting With Tradition
"Barry and I worked together about ten years ago," says partner Nick Wiseman, referring to DGS executive chef Barry Koslow. "There was an authenticity about cooking Jewish food that we hadn't felt cooking French or Italian food because it was our roots. It felt like our own."
Both Wiseman and Koslow say they have childhood memories of Sunday brunch with bagels, lox and schmear — but they weren't raised in a particularly religious family. And they definitely didn't keep Kosher.
"We spent a lot more time eating Chinese food than Jewish food," Wiseman recalls.
The duo have worked in some of D.C.'s finest restaurants, but when it came time to open their own restaurant, Jewish food just felt right.
"When we started cooking this food and looking back at the history and sort of relearning these recipes, it did feel very authentic, like we were learning more about ourselves," Wiseman says.
It was also exciting to bring Jewish food back to Washington. In the 1920s, the nation's capital had plenty of Jewish delis. But, as happened in many U.S. cities, they died off.
The third-generation Washingtonians saw their chance to revive their Jewish heritage with a modern taste.
"There's this whole movement of people wanting to make everything from scratch, bringing back the old mom and pop feel by being the store owners, being there, working on everything, procuring everything and making it all by hand. And it's exciting and, hopefully, it's something that's gonna stick," Koslow says.
A New Way Of Noshing
The modern Jewish delicatessen is showing up across the country in places like Brooklyn, at Mile End Deli, as well as San Francisco's Wise Sons and Portland's Kenny and Zuke's. Each of these restaurants is serving up traditional plates like Reubens and chopped liver while also taking liberties.
"My dad put it best the other night when he was laughing at me," Koslow explains. "He said, 'How did you become the expert on all things Jewish in one year?' And I laughed too, because growing up, let's just say I wasn't the best Jew."
For Passover this year, the restaurant's first since it opened four months ago, Koslow is serving a vegetarian menu. For meat eaters, there was matzo ball soup infused with bone marrow.
"Traditionally, matzo balls are made with chicken fat, or schmaltz," Koslow says. "What we've done for the holiday is we've replaced the schmaltz with bone marrow ... and we roast it very slowly so that all the fat renders out, and then we save all that fat. You can smell just how rich and decadent it is."
They also infuse the broth with Asian influences like ginger and scallion, simply because, Koslow says, "it's fun for us to do something different."
As proud as Koslow is of his matzo balls, he recognizes they'll never top the ones made by Jewish grandmothers, or bubbes.
"Everybody says, 'These are almost as good as my bubbe's, almost,' " Koslow says, boasting that so far this Passover, he has already made at least 400 matzo balls for his customers.
If you want to call yourself a Jewish delicatessen, there are certain staples that you've got to have: Pastrami piled high in a Reuben, kosher pickles with that perfect crunch and, of course, chopped liver. Yet in delis in places like San Francisco, Portland and now Washington, D.C., chefs are messing with these expectations. It's a bold move, maybe a little blasphemous, but the owners say they are staying true to their roots.
BARRY KOSLOW: If you come on in, it's a little cold.
GREENE: But this smells like a Jewish deli.
KOSLOW: This smells like a Jewish deli.
GREENE: Yeah.
KOSLOW: So these are all briskets for the pastrami.
GREENE: This is Barry Koslow. He's the executive chef at one of these restaurants, DGS Delicatessen in Washington, D.C. He's been hard at work serving the Passover holiday crowd, but he took a few minutes to show me his walk-in refrigerator in the basement.
KOSLOW: And if you look over here, we have a lot of our pickles - cauliflower pickles, these are jicama. We have carrot pickles...
GREENE: So pickled jicama that I'm looking at, is that a new spin on pickling, or...
KOSLOW: Absolutely, we'll pickle anything. We don't care.
GREENE: Koslow has worked at some fine restaurants, cooking mostly French cuisine. He was raised Jewish - never all that religious - but when the time came to open his own restaurant, that's the tradition he chose.
KOSLOW: I think everybody loves a bagel with lox and schmear, you know. And I started thinking to myself, like yeah. You know, this really rings true to me. This will really give me an opportunity to learn more about myself, my family, my heritage, my culture - and that was exciting to me.
GREENE: And exciting to put a new spin on traditional food, Koslow has taken some liberties: Pickled jicama. He sometimes uses Lebanese yogurt, or leben, in place of cream cheese. And brace yourself: He even serves up a grilled eggplant Reuben.
Yes, as you've probably guessed, the kitchen is not kosher. Koslow says he knows purists might not feel like this is their place.
KOSLOW: My dad put it best the other night when he was laughing at me, saying - he was like, How did you become the expert on all things Jewish in one year?
KOSLOW: And I laughed too, because growing up, let's just say I wasn't the best Jew.
GREENE: So, Koslow walked me into the kitchen. He had all these ingredients spread out - time to make matzo balls.
KOSLOW: You want to get dirty?
GREENE: Ah, sure.
KOSLOW: Don't want you to get matzo balls all over your shirt.
GREENE: Yeah, I don't want to get matzo balls all over the place. OK. I'll never refuse an apron.
Matzo ball soup is one of the central dishes on the Passover menu here.
KOSLOW: Traditionally, matzah balls are made with chicken fat or schmaltz, as we call it. So...
GREENE: Schmaltz is a great word. I love that.
KOSLOW: It's a great word and it has great flavor and you use that to flavor your matzah balls, but also to help keep them soft. So what we've done for the holiday is we've replaced the schmaltz with bone marrow.
GREENE: Bone marrow?
KOSLOW: So what we do is we roast it. And you can smell just how rich and decadent it is.
GREENE: Wow. That is decadent.
KOSLOW: So we're about ready to roll. Are you ready to get dirty?
GREENE: I am so ready to get dirty.
KOSLOW: OK. So, get a little bit in your hand. And what you want to do is roll it with the palms of your hand...
GREENE: OK, like a light roll?
KOSLOW: ...very gently. Yeah, like a light roll.
GREENE: Alright, love Play-Doh.
KOSLOW: Yeah, you know, like when you're making Play-Doh with your kids.
GREENE: Now, yours looks like a perfectly round golf ball-shaped thing. And mine looks like a blob.
KOSLOW: Well, this is probably my 400th matzo ball this week already.
GREENE: He is proud of all those matzo balls. But attention all Jewish grandmothers or bubbies: Koslow says your matzo balls will always be the best.
KOSLOW: You know, everybody says these are almost as good as my bubbie's - almost.
GREENE: Almost as good as...
KOSLOW: My bubbies.
GREENE: My bubbies, which is like?
KOSLOW: Which is the best.
GREENE: Which is the best of any family's you say it's as good as my bubbies. OK.
KOSLOW: Almost.
GREENE: Right, almost as good.
KOSLOW: Never as good.
GREENE: Right. Right, you don't want to offend anybody.
KOSLOW: Exactly.
GREENE: That's Barry Koslow. He's executive chef at DGS Delicatessen in Washington, D.C. He'll be rolling out his pickled jicama and those matzo balls tonight for Passover.
GREENE: This is NPR News. Transcript provided by NPR, Copyright NPR.


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Chris Brown and ex-girlfriend and Karrueche Tran got into a car accident Tuesday.
Then again, maybe she's not his ex-girlfriend anymore.
According to TMZ, Brown hit a Mercedes with his Range Rover while driving in Los Angeles. Tran was a passenger. They stopped and talked to the other driver, who, TMZ said, had "medium" damage to her car.
Brown and Tran reportedly left his Hollywood home and were headed for a recording studio when the accident happened, according to X17 Online. Paparazzi photographed Tran taking pictures of the damage with her phone. The police didn't get involved, but Brown and the unidentified driver exchanged information.
That's great, but the incident prompts a bigger question: How does this guy keep all these ex-girlfriends hanging around?
Brown has a somewhat tainted driving history. In February, the 24-year-old smashed his Porsche into a wall while being pursued by paparazzi. He wasn't injured.
But back to that ex-girlfriend thing.
Brown and Tran are apparently on again after Brown split from Rihanna before his birthday earlier this month.
The New York Post said Brown and Tran were getting cozy at the Billboard Music Awards on Sunday in Las Vegas. Afterward, they were at Bruno Mars' after-party in the Bellagio.
"Brown was standing on the banquette dancing with Tran," a source told the Post. "He bent down a few times to kiss her, and kept running his hand through her hair and singing to her."
Your move, Rihanna.
Contact Tony Hicks at Facebook.com/BayAreaNewsGroup.TonyHicks or Twitter.com/insertfoot.


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After giving your wallet a post-Christmas womping, updating your wardrobe for Spring/Summer 2013 can often take a backseat while waiting for that January pay packet to land. Thankfully, cheap-as-chips high street chain Primark are on hand to deliver some on-trend staples at pocket-money prices, revealing their SS13 menswear lookbook. Scroll down for a sneak peak at what's set to hit their stores in the coming weeks.
Plenty of tropical and camo prints feature (that camo bomber jacket will serve the fleeting trend without breaking the bank at £25) while statement caps and acid washed jeans are also on the way.
Primark may not be the most desirable name on the high street, but if you're considering diving in on a risky on-trend look, you can take a chance without feeling that empty-wallet regret a few months down the line once the look has passed.


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Perry testifies on child immigration crisis
MCALLEN, Texas (AP) — Gov. Rick Perry has testified at a U.S. House Homeland Security Committee hearing in South Texas that in addition to the humanitarian crisis created by a flood of unaccompanied child immigrants, there is a crisis involving border security.
More than 52,000 unaccompanied children have been apprehended since October after entering the United States illegally. Three-fourths of them are from Honduras, Guatemala and El Salvador and say they're fleeing pervasive gang violence and crushing poverty.
Perry on Thursday in McAllen criticized President Barack Obama's immigration policies that he says contributed to the problem. He says anything but deporting the children quickly will only encourage more to undertake the dangerous journey.
Perry has authorized $1.3 million per week in additional funding for the Texas Department of Public Safety to bolster border security.


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ACParadise Network: American Cosplay Paradise American Cosplay Experience American Cosplay Snapshots
I have been cosplaying for 4 years now, and I think that I have finally made a name for myself among the cosplay elite. Although I'm still new to the scene, I love it and I want to keep up the hobby forever.
Recent Updates
Unsorted Photos
Newest Favorites
Newest Fans
Recent Comments
- evanae says, "You're so adorable. *.* Great job!"
- For Lavie Head from Last Exile
- StrawberrySiren says, "aww you beat out my boyfriend's sister as a faceless nurse! oh well. you did an awesome job on this!"
- For Esther Blanchett from Trinity Blood


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The New Traditional Woodworker Shipping Soon
I just received my advance copy of Jim Tolpin's new book, The New Traditional Woodworker, and even though I was very involved with putting the book together, it's always a pleasant surprise to see the finished product. I'm proud of this one! Beyond the fact that Jim has put together an excellent teaching platform for learning to work with hand tools, this is a good looking book with lots of great photography. In writing the book, Jim chose to teach the reader how to work with the hand tools, by using them to build useful bench and shop tools. Each project builds on the skills learned in the proceeding chapter. This plan makes for an easy and fun learning curve.
The projects include: a straightedge; a try square; winding sticks; a face planing stop; a bench hook pair, edge planing stop; sticking board; and a rounds out with a workbench tote. There are an additional seven projects offered in quicker detail, to help stock your shop. Jim has also included helpful insights on setting up a hand tool shop, working with the wood and suggestions on workbenches that best blend with hand tool woodworking.
If you're ready to learn the tool set, skill set and mind set to working with hand tools, this is a book that will start you successfully on the path.


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A capsule look at Muirfield
A capsule look at the 15 previous British Opens held at Muirfield Golf Club:
WINNER: Ernie Els.
RUNNER-UP: Thomas Levet, Stuart Appleby, Steve Elkington.
MARGIN: Playoff.
EARNINGS: 700,000 pounds.
RECAP: Tiger Woods' bid for a calendar Grand Slam ended Saturday when the weather turned nasty for a two-hour spell, sending the Masters and U.S. Open champion to an 81, his worst score as a professional. Ernie Els steadied himself for a 72 to stay in the lead, and with a splendid bunker save on the 13th, the Big Easy was sailing right along. But he took a double bogey on the 16th hole, and had to finish birdie-par to join a record four-man playoff with Thomas Levet, Stuart Appleby and Steve Elkington. The Aussies were eliminated after the four-hole aggregate. Els saved par from a greenside bunker on the 18th hole — the fifth playoff hole — to beat Levet and win his first claret jug.
NOTEWORTHY: This was the first time the British Open had been decided by sudden death in a playoff.
WINNER: Nick Faldo
RUNNER-UP: John Cook.
MARGIN: 1 shot.
EARNINGS: 95,000 pounds.
RECAP: Nick Faldo could be so tactical that he looked like a machine at times, especially with a major on the line. This was not one of those occasions. Despite a blistering start, a four-shot lead after 54 holes and a four-shot lead with nine holes to play, Faldo had to rally. Faldo made three bogeys, John Cook birdied the 15th and 16th, and suddenly the American was two shots ahead. Faldo then played four of his best holes in a major, starting with a 5-iron to 3 feet on the 15th. Cook missed a 3-foot birdie putt on the 17th and bogeyed the 18th. Faldo needed only a par on the 18th to win, and he hit 3-iron into the green to secure the most nervous win of his six majors.
NOTEWORTHY: In the last 21 years, no one has scored lower than Faldo's 130 through 36 holes in any major.
WINNER: Nick Faldo
RUNNER-UP: Paul Azinger.
MARGIN: 1 shot.
EARNINGS: 75,000 pounds.
RECAP: Nick Faldo spent two years overhauling his swing with David Leadbetter, and it paid off with his first major championship at Muirfield. But like most of his six majors, he needed some help. In wind so strong that four of the holes were shortened in the third round to allow players to reach the fairway, Azinger had a 71 and took the lead by one shot going into the last day. Faldo plodded his way around Muirfield with 18 pars for a 71. Azinger had a one-shot lead when he took bogey on the 17th, and then found a bunker and closed with another bogey for a 73 to finish one shot behind.
NOTEWORTHY: David Feherty had a 67 for the low round of the weekend. He tied for 26th.
WINNER: Tom Watson
RUNNER-UP: Lee Trevino.
MARGIN: 4 shots.
EARNINGS: 25,000 pounds.
RECAP: Tom Watson made it three claret jugs in six years, all on different links in Scotland. Lee Trevino made a gallant bid at winning again at Muirfield by opening with rounds of 68-67 for a three-shot lead. Watson, however, pulled away with a 64 in the third round to go four shots clear of Trevino, and there was little drama in the final round. Watson closed with a 69, matching the low score on Sunday, for a four-shot win.
NOTEWORTHY: Isao Aoki had a 63 in the third round. It remains the lowest score ever at Muirfield.
WINNER: Lee Trevino
RUNNER-UP: Jack Nicklaus.
MARGIN: 1 shot.
EARNINGS: 5,500 pounds.
RECAP: Jack Nicklaus won the Masters and U.S. Open, and returned to Muirfield with hopes of a Grand Slam. He fell six shots behind Lee Trevino after three rounds, and it appeared to be a two-man race between Trevino and Tony Jacklin. Nicklaus put on a great charge Sunday and at one point was tied for the lead until he couldn't sustain it and closed with a 66. Trevino and Jacklin were tied with two holes to play, with the advantage to Jacklin. He had 20 feet for birdie, while Trevino was over the green on the par-5 17th in four shots. Trevino chipped in for par, Jacklin three-putted for bogey, and Trevino won his second straight Open. Jacklin bogeyed the last to finish third.
NOTEWORTHY: After watching Trevino chip and putt his way to the title, Tony Jacklin never again had a top 10 in the British Open.
WINNER: Jack Nicklaus
RUNNER-UP: Doug Sanders, Dave Thomas.
MARGIN: 1 shot.
EARNINGS: 2,100 pounds.
RECAP: Jack Nicklaus finally won the claret jug in his fifth try. The British Open went to four days for the first time to stay in line with the other three professional majors. Nicklaus opened with 70-67 for the 36-hole lead, but a 75 in the third round left him two shots behind American Phil Rodgers. Rodgers faded with a 76. Dave Thomas of Wales closed with a 69, while Doug Sanders had a 70. Nicklaus regained the lead with a birdie on the par-5 17th, and then he two putted from about 20 feet for par on the 18th to win by one shot.
NOTEWORTHY: Jack Nicklaus (Muirfield), Ben Hogan (Carnoustie) and Tiger Woods (St. Andrews) completed the Grand Slam at the British Open on three Scottish links.
WINNER: Gary Player
RUNNER-UP: Fred Bullock, Flory van Donck.
MARGIN: 2 shots.
EARNINGS: 1,000 pounds.
RECAP: Gary Player won the first of his nine major championships, although he thought he had thrown this one away. Player was eight shots behind Fred Bullock after the second round, and cut the deficit in half with a 70 in the third. He continued racing up the leaderboard and came to the 18th hole needing a par for a 66. Instead, he found a bunker off the tee and three-putted from about 25 feet for a 68. Player was somber leaving the green, but no one was able to catch him. He won by two shots over Bullock and Flory van Donck of Belgium.
NOTEWORTHY: The 90-man field included only three Americans. Arnold Palmer played the British Open for the first time a year later, and that soon changed.
WINNER: Henry Cotton
RUNNER-UP: Fred Daly.
MARGIN: 5 shots.
EARNINGS: 150 pounds.
RECAP: Much like his first Open title, when Henry Cotton set a scoring record of 65 at Royal St. George's, all it took was one great round at Muirfield for him to seize control. Two shots behind after the first day, Cotton shot a 66 in the second round to take a four-shot lead into the second day. The weather turned nasty for the 36-hole final, and Cotton was never challenged. He closed with rounds of 75-72 — no broke 70 the final two rounds — and won his third Open by five shots.
NOTEWORTHY: Roberto De Vicenzo made his British Open debut and tied for third. He would win the claret jug 19 years later.
WINNER: Alfred Perry
RUNNER-UP: Alf Padgham.
MARGIN: 4 shots.
EARNINGS: 100 pounds.
RECAP: Henry Cotton began his title defense with a 68, only to fall back as Charles Whitcombe had a 68 on the second day to take the lead. Alf Perry took the lead for the first time with a 67 in the third round, giving him a one-shot advantage over Whitcombe heading into the afternoon. A strong player and accurate with the fairway woods, Perry closed with a 72 and won his only Open title comfortably. Alf Padgham never shot worse than 74 all week and finished second. The low American was Lawson Little, the U.S. and British Amateur champion. He would win the U.S. Open five years later as a pro.
NOTEWORTHY: Perry's 283 stood as the low score at Muirfield until Jack Nicklaus beat it by one shot in 1966.
WINNER: Walter Hagen
RUNNER-UP: Johnny Farrell.
MARGIN: 6 shots.
EARNINGS: 75 pounds.
RECAP: Old Tom Morris laid out the links in the late 19th century, but Harry Colt was brought in to lengthen and revamp Muirfield. This was the first British Open since Colt's work, and Walter Hagen captured his fourth and final British Open. Six shots behind after the first round, Hagen set a then-championship record with a 67 in the second round. In wind so vicious it toppled tents, Hagen shot 75 in the third round to build a four-shot lead over Percy Alliss, and closed with another 75 to win by six.
NOTEWORTHY: During this era, Americans won the British Open nine times in a 12-year span.
WINNER: Ted Ray
RUNNER-UP: Harry Vardon.
MARGIN: 4 shots.
EARNINGS: 50 pounds.
RECAP: Even though Muirfield had been lengthened to 6,425 yards, it was no match for the big-hitting Ted Ray, who was able to drive the green on the 13th and 15th holes, both more than 300 yards. Ray went wire-to-wire, opening with a 71. He had a five-shot lead over James Braid going into the final 18 holes, and won by four shots despite a 75 in the last round and Harry Vardon's 71.
NOTEWORTHY: At age 35, Ray was the oldest player to capture his first British Open since Mungo Park (39) in 1874.
WINNER: James Braid
RUNNER-UP: J.H. Taylor.
MARGIN: 4 shots.
EARNINGS: 50 pounds.
RECAP: This was the third and final time that James Braid, Harry Vardon and J.H. Taylor finished 1-2-3 (not always in that order). Braid repeated as Open champion, and he won for the second straight time at Muirfield with his score getting progressively better each round. He was four shots behind going into the final day, and still trailed Taylor by three shots going into the final 18. Braid closed with a 73 as Taylor shot 80.
NOTEWORTHY: The field started with a record 181 players.
WINNER: James Braid
RUNNER-UP: Harry Vardon.
MARGIN: 3 shots.
EARNINGS: 50 pounds.
RECAP: Harry Vardon and J.H. Taylor had won six of the previous seven championships when it returned to Muirfield. Braid won the first of his five Open Championships. Tied with Vardon after the opening day, Braid pulled away with a 74 to build a five-shot lead over Vardon, and closed with an 80 for a three-shot win over Vardon. Taylor was alone in third. No one else was within seven shots.
NOTEWORTHY: This was the second straight year the Great Triumvirate — Harry Vardon, J.H. Taylor and James Braid — occupied the first three spots.
WINNER: Harry Vardon
RUNNER-UP: J.H. Taylor
MARGIN: Playoff.
EARNINGS: 30 pounds.
RECAP: Harry Vardon won the first of his record six British Open titles after outlasting J.H. Taylor in a 36-hole playoff. Vardon was 11 shots behind Sandy Herd after opening with an 83, and he was still six shots behind J.H. Taylor going into the last day. Herd shot 85 in the final round. Vardon closed with a 77 and forced a playoff with Taylor, who had an 80. In the playoff, Vardon shot 157 to beat Taylor by four shots.
NOTEWORTHY: Old Tom Morris competed for the last time in the British Open. At age 75, he had rounds of 101, 103 and 105 and withdrew from the final 18 holes.
WINNER: Harold Hilton
RUNNER-UP: John Ball Jr., Sandy Herd, Hugh Kirkaldy.
MARGIN: 3 shots.
EARNINGS: Nil (amateur).
RECAP: One year after The Honourable Company of Edinburgh Golfers moved from Musselburgh to Muirfield, it hosted its first Open Championship. Entry fees were introduced for the first time to improve the quality of the field. English amateur Harold Hilton was seven shots behind after the first day of 36 holes. He closed with rounds of 72-74 on the second day — the low score of the third and fourth rounds — for a three-shot win. This remains the only time in major championship history that an amateur finished first and second.
NOTEWORTHY: This was the first British Open contested over two days and 72 holes.