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A Walk in the Park
Season 2 • Episode 7
Jeanette Kirby is brutally stabbed to death on an afternoon walk in the park. Two days later, a second body is found in the very same park. The murders send shockwaves through the small, close-knit community and leave police searching for a killer.
21 min||Premiered 01/17/2012


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The GFS3D sensor is used for the inline inspection of car body geometries such as gap and flush. By combining two sensors that measure gap variations, the system generates objective results in next to no time. The measurements can be conducted stop & go as well on the fly, helping to guarantee production quality.
Regardless of ambient light conditions, the GFS3D sensor delivers reproducible and reliable measurements of flush and gap dimensions, surface areas and radii on both painted and unpainted surfaces. The sensor is also equipped with a teach-in function for new component types that works without any additional hardware.

subset: commoncrawl


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MLS Number: 48336
List Price: $150,000
Total Acres +/-: 0.485
Farm: No
County: Accomack
Subdivision or Area: RACING MOON LANDING
Street #: LOT 2
Address (911 if Available): RIDGE RD
Town: CHINCOTEAGUE
Waterfront: DEEDED ACCESS
Water View-Wide Long Limited:
Cleared Acres:
Wooded Acres:
Tillable Acres:
Restrictions: NO MOBILE HOMES
Suitable Use: Residential
Topography: Level
Utilities Available: Electricity, Septic System, Public Water
Access: Public Highway
Buildings: None
Lot #: 2
Public Remarks: Rare chance to build your dream home in the heart of Chincoteague and across from Pony Swim Lane. This lot already has 4 bedroom septic installed and part of the Racing Moon Landing development that comes with its own private pier for the 6 homeowners only. We have home plans to choose from or would entertain another builder, but with development owner's approval. Be in the heart of all the Pony Penning activities right from your own porch. SWEET! Ready to build your island dream home!
Directions: From Bridge: Go straight down Maddox Blvd., turn right on Chicken City Road, continue onto Ridge Road for about 2 miles to development on the left. Racing Moon Landing.
Property Type: Land


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79,793 results match your criteria Asymmetric Periflexural Exanthem of Childhood
Neuron 2018 Dec;100(5):1022-1024
Department of Basic Neurosciences, University of Geneva, Biotech Campus, 9 chemin des Mine 1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
Predictive coding and neural oscillations are two descriptive levels of brain functioning whose overlap is not yet understood. Chao et al. (2018) now show that hierarchical predictive coding is instantiated by asymmetric information channeling in the γ and α/β oscillatory ranges. Read More
Acta Med Port 2018 Nov 30;31(11):670-679. Epub 2018 Nov 30.
Faculdade de Medicina. Universidade de Coimbra. Coimbra. Serviço de Otorrinolaringologia. Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra. Coimbra. Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR). Coimbra. Portugal.
Introduction: There is a high heterogeneity in the structure of postgraduate medical training evaluation worldwide. However, in contrast to other countries, there have been no scientific studies of the final medical board examination, in Portugal. The present study aimed to evaluate the adequacy of the medical board examination including its validity as measured by its association with medical school grade average and national seriation examination. Read More
Hum Factors 2018 Dec 6:18720818814107. Epub 2018 Dec 6.
The Ohio State University, Columbus.
Objective:: To explore the change of muscular and biomechanical responses in different load stability and visual access conditions during an asymmetric lifting task.
Background:: Previous studies found that lifting unstable loads resulted in changes to the biomechanical loads experienced by the spine and upper extremities. However, researchers have not extensively investigated behaviors when people lift potentially unstable loads. Read More
Nat Prod Res 2018 Dec 6:1-16. Epub 2018 Dec 6.
a Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China , Hengyang , Hunan , PR China.
Flavan-3-ols are a series of natural products widely present in plants and show versatile biological activities. The structures of such compounds are characterized by owing two adjacent chiral centers and three rings. Their interesting structures and promising biological activities have driven increasing research developments toward the preparation of enantioenriched flavan-3-ols. Read More
J Am Chem Soc 2018 Dec 6. Epub 2018 Dec 6.
Enantioenriched 2-aryl azepanes and 2-arylbenzazepines were generated biocatalytically by asymmetric reductive amination using imine reductases or by deracemisation using monoamine oxidases. The amines were converted to the corresponding N'-aryl ureas, which rearranged on treatment with base with stereospecific transfer of the aryl substituent to the 2-position of the heterocycle via a configurationally stable benzyllithium intermediate. The products are previously inaccessible enanti-oenriched 2,2-disubstituted azepanes and benzazepines. Read More
Org Biomol Chem 2018 Dec 6. Epub 2018 Dec 6.
College of Pharmacy and Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea.
An enantioselective synthetic route to hydroxywilfordic acid, a key subunit of sesquiterpene pyridine alkaloids such as wilfortrine, was developed. Asymmetric cyanation using Jacobsen's (R,R)-amino-thiourea and hydrolysis were performed to afford chiral α-hydroxy-α-methyl acid as the (S)-isomer. Naturally derived hydroxywilfordate prepared by methanolysis of wilfortrine was found to be the (R)-isomer upon comparison with the synthetic compound. Read More
Org Lett 2018 Dec 6. Epub 2018 Dec 6.
Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , P. R. China.
A highly efficient asymmetric ring-opening/cyclopropanation reaction of ( E)-3-(oxyethylidene)-2-oxoindolines with 1-alkyl-3-oxotetrahydro-1 H-thiophen-1-ium salts as cyclic sulfur ylides was realized by using a chiral N, N'-dioxide/Mg(OTf) complex as catalyst. A range of sulfur-containing syn, anti spirocyclopropyloxindoles with three contiguous stereocenters were obtained in excellent yields with excellent dr and good ee values under mild reaction conditions. The origin of stereoselectivity was discussed. Read More
J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2018 Dec 6. Epub 2018 Dec 6.
Dermatology Department. Hospital, Universitario de Alicante. ISABIAL. Miguel Hernandez University. Sant Joan de Alicante, Spain.
Background: A variety of cutaneous smooth muscle neoplasms may arise in the skin and are frequently unrecognized by clinicians. There is sparse data relating to the dermoscopy of piloleiomyiomas (PL) and nothing has been published about the dermoscopy of angioleiomyomas (AL) and leiomyosarcomas (LS).
Objectives: To evaluate the morphological findings of a large series of cutaneous PL, AL and LS under dermoscopic observation, comparing these findings among them. Read More
J Appl Microbiol 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.
Biological Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup, Jeollabuk-do, 56212, Korea.
Aims: We developed a new rapid and reliable method for identifying bacteria using a combination of Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy of bacterial genomic DNA and multivariate analysis.
Methods And Results: FT-IR spectra of genomic DNA from four type strains of Pseudomonas spp., three Escherichia spp. Read More
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.
A scalable enantioselective total synthesis of (-)-goniomitine has been developed by using an iridium-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation of exocyclic enone ester to control the configuration of molecule. The synthesis begins from commercially available starting materials, and integrated asymmetric ketone hydrogenation, Johnson-Claisen rearrangement, and one-pot oxidation/deprotection/cyclization process. With this highly efficient and scalable strategy (-)-goniomitine was synthesized in eleven steps with 27% overall yield, and the formal enantioselective synthesis of (+)-1,2-dehydroaspidospermidine, (+)-aspidospermidine and (+)-vincadifformine were also achieved. Read More
Chirality 2018 Dec 6. Epub 2018 Dec 6.
Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
Enantioselective vinylation of aldehydes via direct catalytic asymmetric Grignard reaction of aldehdyes and the vinyl Grinard reagent is a long-standing challenge. This work demonstrated that the magnesium (S)-3,3'-dimethyl BINOLate enantioselectively catalyze the direct vinylation of aldehydes with the deactivated vinylmagnesium bromide by bis(2-[N,N'-dimethylamino]ethyl) ether (BDMAEE) in the addition of n-butylmagnesium chloride. The highest ee of 63% was achieved up to date. Read More
J Clin Lab Anal 2018 Dec 5:e22724. Epub 2018 Dec 5.
Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital of Chengdu Office of People's Government of Tibetan Autonomous Region, Chengdu, China.
Background: This study aimed to evaluate the predictive value of presurgical factors for psychiatric disorders (PD) in refractory temporal lobe epilepsy and mesial temporal sclerosis (TLE-MTS) patients underwent cortico-amygdalohippocampectomy (CAH).
Methods: A total of 98 refractory TLE-MTS patients underwent CAH were consecutively enrolled in this cohort study. Several presurgical factors were recorded, such as married status, employment status, highest education, disease duration, family history of epilepsy, and disorganized VEEG background activity. Read More
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, U.P., 202002, India.
In the present study, oxido-reductive degradation of diazo dye, Direct Red 23, has been carried out by Ziziphus mauritiana peroxidases (specific activity 17.6 U mg). Peroxidases have been immobilized via simple adsorption and cross-linking by glutaraldehyde; adsorbed and cross-linked enzyme retained 94. Read More
Ecol Evol 2018 Nov 26;8(22):10655-10661. Epub 2018 Oct 26.
Department of Plant Sciences University of Oxford Oxford UK.
Eutrophication is a major cause of biodiversity loss. In grasslands, this appears to occur due to asymmetric competition for light following the increases in aboveground biomass production. Here, we report the results of an experiment with five grass species that tests how well-competitive outcomes can be predicted under a factorial combination of fertilized and disturbed (frequent cutting) conditions. Read More
Sci Rep 2018 Dec 5;8(1):17639. Epub 2018 Dec 5.
Department of Surgery, Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 2-2, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
Sox2 is known as the undifferentiated cell marker. Recent studies have shown that Sox2 may also be involved in the maintenance of cancer stem cells (CSCs) in skin and bladder cancers. In this study, we aimed to clarify the role of Sox2 in colorectal CSCs. Read More
Sci Rep 2018 Dec 5;8(1):17634. Epub 2018 Dec 5.
State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China.
We show that a high key rate of Measurement-Device-Independent Quantum Key Distribution (MDIQKD) over asymmetric and unstable quantum channel can be obtained by full optimization and compensation. Employing a gradient optimization method, we make the full optimization taking both the global optimization for the 12 independent parameters and the joint constraints for statistical fluctuations. We present a loss-compensation method by monitoring the channel loss for an unstable channel. Read More
Cell Death Dis 2018 Dec 5;9(12):1183. Epub 2018 Dec 5.
Instituto de Biomedicina (IBIOMED) and Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana, 24071, León, Spain.
Planar cell polarity (PCP) and intercellular junctional complexes establish tissue structure and coordinated behaviors across epithelial sheets. In multiciliated ependymal cells, rotational and translational PCP coordinate cilia beating and direct cerebrospinal fluid circulation. Thus, PCP disruption results in ciliopathies and hydrocephalus. Read More
Int J Environ Res Public Health 2018 Dec 4;15(12). Epub 2018 Dec 4.
College of Management and Economics, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
Information concerning carbon reduction efficiency is of great significance to supply chain operations. Considering the impact of information asymmetry on the performance of low-carbon supply chain, we therefore analyze a chain system with a single product designer and a single manufacturer. The manufacturer owns information on carbon reduction efficiency, whereas the product designer only knows that the carbon reduction efficiency of the manufacturer is either high or low. Read More
Med Probl Perform Art 2018 Dec;33(4):265-274
Dep. of Movement and Rehabilitation Science, University of Applied Sciences Osnabrück, Caprivistrasse 30A, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany. Tel +49 541 969 7035.
Background/aims: Research in music medicine has reported incidence rates of musculoskeletal disorders of approx. 70% in instrumental musicians. String players have the highest risk, with rates of performance-related musculoskeletal disorders (PRMDs) of 65% to 88%. Read More
Acta Biochim Pol 2018 Dec 3. Epub 2018 Dec 3.
Department of Nephrology, Transplantology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdańsk, Poland.
Cardiovascular (CVS) morbidity and mortality in the peritoneal dialysis patients (PD) is 10-30-fold higher than in the general population. A relatively low level of adiponectin and a higher level of leptin are important predictors of vascular complications as well as CVS events in PD patients. The asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), an endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase, is an important risk factor of CVS morbidity and mortality. Read More
Carcinogenesis 2018 Dec 3. Epub 2018 Dec 3.
Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
Histone modification plays important molecular roles in development and progression of cancers. Dysregulation of histone H3 arginine (R) methylation is still unknown in primary cancer, including gastric cancer (GC). Although PRMT6 contributes to asymmetric dimethylation at H3R2 (H3R2me2as) in cancer cells, its molecular functions are poorly understood in GC. Read More
J Vis Exp 2018 Nov 14(141). Epub 2018 Nov 14.
College of Natural Sciences, Chungbuk National University;
Droplet-based microfluidics enable the reliable production of homogeneous microspheres in the microfluidic channel, providing controlled size and morphology of the obtained microsphere. A microsphere copolymerized with an acrydite-DNA probe was successfully fabricated. Different methods such as asymmetric PCR, exonuclease digestion, and isolation on streptavidin-coated magnetic beads can be used to synthesize single-stranded DNA (ssDNA). Read More
Org Lett 2018 Dec 3. Epub 2018 Dec 3.
State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China , Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Kunming 650201 , China.
Carreira's iridium-(P, olefin) phosphoramidite-based catalytic system that allows asymmetric allyl-allylboronate cross-coupling with high enantioselectivity is reported. This transformation tolerates a large variety of racemic branched allylic alcohols and allylboronate substrates. The utility of the coupling is demonstrated in a concise catalytic asymmetric synthesis of (-)-preclamol. Read More
Org Lett 2018 Dec 3. Epub 2018 Dec 3.
Department of Chemistry and Institute of Basic Science , Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon 16419 , Korea.
Copper(I)-catalyzed asymmetric 1,6-borylation of 1,3-dienylphosphonates was achieved using ( S, S)-Ph-BPE as a chiral ligand. Regio-, stereo-, and enantioselective borylation successfully proceeded to afford phosphonate-containing allylboronates, with high enantioselectivity up to 97% ee. Further applications of the resulting products generated a valuable phosphonate analogue of γ-butyrolactone. Read More
ACS Nano 2018 Dec 3. Epub 2018 Dec 3.
The emerging sodium ion batteries (SIBs) are believed to be prospective substitutes of lithium ion batteries (LIBs) for the wide distribution of sodium resources. However, to compensate for the sluggish reaction kinetics and higher intrinsic potential of Na+ than Li+, cost-effective, reliable, and sustainable electrode materials are required to be urgently explored for practical applications. Herein, 2D ternary tin thiophosphate (SnP2S6) nanosheets (~10 nm thickness) grown on graphene (denoted as SPS/G hybrid) are demonstrated as intriguing anodes for SIBs. Read More
J Org Chem 2018 Dec 3. Epub 2018 Dec 3.
Herein, we describe a novel and efficient method for constructing a series of fluorine-containing γ-keto acid derivatives through combining visible-light photoredox catalysis and chiral Lewis acid catalysis. With this dual catalytic strategy, a variety of chiral γ-keto amides containing a gem-difluoroalkyl group and a series of fluorine-containing α,β-unsaturated-γ-keto esters were successfully constructed with high stereoselectivities, respectively. A series of experiments showed that the chemoselectivity of this process was highly dependent on the fluorine reagents besides the Lewis acid catalysts. Read More
J Cell Biochem 2018 Dec 2. Epub 2018 Dec 2.
Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Insulin resistance is associated with impaired glucose uptake and altered protein kinase B (Akt) signaling. Previous studies have suggested asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and inflammation are two distinguish factors that correlate with insulin resistance (IR). How ADMA and inflammation factors interact and synchronize in the regulation of IR in liver remain to be elucidated. Read More
Brain Struct Funct 2018 Dec 1. Epub 2018 Dec 1.
Centre for Vision Research, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada.
The dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) and lateral prefrontal cortex (lPFC) of the non-human primate show neural firing correlations and synchronize at theta and beta frequencies during the monitoring and shifting of attention. These functional interactions might be based on synaptic connectivity that is equally efficacious in both directions, but it might be that there are systematic asymmetries in connectivity consistent with reports of more effective inhibition within the dACC than lPFC, or with a preponderance of dACC projections synapsing onto inhibitory neurons in the lPFC. Here, we tested effective dACC-lPFC connectivity in awake monkeys and report systematic asymmetries in the temporal patterning and latencies of effective connectivity as measured using electrical microstimulation. Read More
Rom J Ophthalmol 2018 Jul-Sep;62(3):217-221
Anatomy Department, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania.
Serpiginous choroiditis represents an inflammation, often asymmetric, situated at the level of the inner choroid, which is related to the retinal pigment epithelium and the choriocapillaris. It is known as a primarily idiopathic, but there are authors who consider it an autoimmune process. Many times, fundus autofluorescence is the investigation which is guiding the diagnosis, the management, also the follow-up together with the determination of the progressive visual prognosis. Read More
Med Hypothesis Discov Innov Ophthalmol 2018 ;7(4):183-189
Kentucky College of Optometry, University of Pikeville, Pikeville, KY, USA.
Keratoconus is a progressive corneal disease characterized by bilateral yet usually asymmetric thinning of the cornea with an onset typically in teenage years. While it often presents as an isolated condition, keratoconus may also be associated with many systemic and/or ocular diseases, such as connective tissue and chromosomal disorders. Its association with nystagmus has been described in Leber's congenital amaurosis, where patients also exhibit abnormal pupillary responses, early-onset retinal dystrophy, mental developmental delays, and eventual blindness. Read More
JFMS Open Rep 2018 Jul-Dec;4(2):2055116918812254. Epub 2018 Nov 27.
Department of Advanced Clinical Medicine, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Izumisano, Osaka, Japan.
Objectives: Most nasopharyngeal masses in cats are lymphomas or polyps. To our knowledge, there is no report of MRI findings, including diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) or apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values, of nasopharyngeal lymphomas and nasopharyngeal polyps in cats. This study aimed to evaluate the MRI findings of nasopharyngeal lymphomas and nasopharyngeal polyps, including DWI and ADC values. Read More
Org Chem Front 2018 Oct;5(22):3336-3340
Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstr. 69, 4040 Linz, Austria.
A novel high yielding, and diastereoselective protocol for the synthesis of α-allylated highly functionalised β-amino acid derivatives by adding isoxazolidin-5-ones to MBH carbonates under asymmetric phase-transfer catalysis has been developed. Read More
Astrophys J 2018 Oct;866(2)
I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Str. 77, 50937 Köln, Germany.
We report rest frequencies for rotational transitions of the deuterated ammonium isotopologues NHD, and , measured in a cryogenic ion trap machine. For the symmetric tops NHD and one and three transitions are detected, respectively, and five transitions are detected for the asymmetric top . While the lowest frequency transition of NHD was already known in the laboratory and space, this work enables the future radio astronomical detection of the two other isotopologues. Read More
Nat Commun 2018 Nov 30;9(1):5117. Epub 2018 Nov 30.
CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, iChEM, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, Anhui, China.
Superchiral light, generated by the interference of two counter-propagating circularly polarized light (CPL) with same frequency, opposite handedness and different intensity, exhibits enhanced dissymmetry in its interaction with chiral molecules, and has the potential for ultrasensitive detection and characterization of chiral molecules. It is anticipated that the enhanced optical dissymmetry in superchiral light (SCL) field may be utilized to promote asymmetric photochemical reactions efficiency. Herein we reported SCL impart greater chiral bias to trigger asymmetric photo-polymerization reaction from initially achiral diacetylene (DA) monomer, and the enhanced optical dissymmetry for whole polydiacetylene (PDA) films could be achieved. Read More
Genetics 2018 Nov 30. Epub 2018 Nov 30.
University of California, Berkeley
The targetable DNA endonuclease CRISPR-Cas9 has transformed analysis of biological processes by enabling robust genome editing in model and non-model organisms. Although rules directing Cas9 to its target DNA via a guide RNA are straightforward, wide variation occurs in editing efficiency and repair outcomes for both imprecise error-prone repair and precise templated repair. We found that imprecise and precise DNA repair from double-stranded breaks (DSBs) is asymmetric, favoring repair in one direction. Read More
J Chromatogr A 2018 Nov 23. Epub 2018 Nov 23.
State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China. Electronic address:
Both fully (98%) and partially (88%) hydrolyzed poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) are characterized by aqueous gel permeation chromatography (GPC) coupled with multi-angle laser light scattering. Polymer adsorption on hydrophilic GPC columns is observed for partially hydrolyzed PVA but not for fully hydrolyzed PVA, which is driven by the hydrophobic interactions between the residual acetate groups on PVA and the stationary phase. Desorption of these partially hydrolyzed PVA chains from the packing materials is monitored by decay of the light scattering signal. Read More
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2018 Dec 2:1-201. Epub 2018 Dec 2.
b Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine , Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Sunnybrook Health Sciences Center , and University of Toronto , Toronto , Canada.
Objective: Twin fetuses growth is delayed during the third trimester compared to singletons. Whether this phenomenon should be considered a normal physiologic characteristic of twins or a pathologic process inherent to twin pregnancies is currently unclear. Information on the growth rate of the individual fetal biometric indices may provide more insight into the mechanisms underlying these differences between twins and singletons. Read More
Brain Connect 2018 Dec 1. Epub 2018 Dec 1.
Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States.
The insula has been implicated in playing important roles in various brain functions including consciousness, homeostasis, perception, self-awareness, language processing, and interpersonal experience. Abnormalities of the insula have been observed in patients suffering from addiction, deteriorating language function, anorexia, and emotional dysregulation. We analyzed typical development of insular connections in a large-scale pediatric population using 642 magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations. Read More
Chaos 2018 Nov;28(11):113111
Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, P.O. Box 601203, 14412 Potsdam, Germany.
Thermoacoustic instability is a result of the positive feedback between the acoustic pressure and the unsteady heat release rate fluctuations in a combustor. We apply the framework of the synchronization theory to study the coupled behavior of these oscillations during the transition to thermoacoustic instability in a turbulent bluff-body stabilized gas-fired combustor. Furthermore, we characterize this complex behavior using recurrence plots and recurrence networks. Read More
Chaos 2018 Nov;28(11):113119
Grupo de Caos y Sistemas Complejos, Centro de Física Fundamental, Universidad de Los Andes, Mérida, Venezuela.
We investigate the emergence of chimera and cluster states possessing asymmetric dynamics in globally coupled systems, where the trajectories of oscillators belonging to different subpopulations exhibit different dynamical properties. In an asymmetric chimera state, the trajectory of an element in the synchronized subset is stationary or periodic, while that of an oscillator in the desynchronized subset is chaotic. In an asymmetric cluster state, the periods of the trajectories of elements belonging to different clusters are different. Read More
Phys Rev Lett 2018 Nov;121(21):213903
Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
Lorentz reciprocity establishes a stringent relation between electromagnetic fields and their sources. For static magnetic fields, a relation between magnetic sources and fields can be drawn in analogy to the Green's reciprocity principle for electrostatics. So far, the magnetostatic reciprocity principle remains unchallenged and the magnetostatic interaction is assumed to be symmetric (reciprocal). Read More
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.
Georg-August-Universitaet Goettingen, Institut fuer Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Tammannstr. 2, 37077, Goettingen, GERMANY.
Highly enantioselective nickel-catalyzed alkene endo-hydroarylations were accomplished with full selectivity via organometallic C-H activation. The asymmetric assembly of chiral six-membered scaffolds proved viable in the absence of pyrophoric organoaluminum reagents within an unprecedented nickel/JoSPOphos manifold. Read More
Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2018 Nov 29;73:e453. Epub 2018 Nov 29.
Service d'Odontologie et Chirurgie Buccale, CHU de Rennes, Rennes, France.
Objectives: The present study aimed to assess the influence of dental occlusion on body posture and the competitive performance of young elite rowers.
Method: Dental occlusion disturbance devices were used to simulate dental malocclusions. We assessed the influence of malocclusion on the body balance, paravertebral muscle contraction symmetry, and muscular power of young elite rowers. Read More
Anal Chem 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.
The coupling of flow field flow fractionation (FlFFF) with ICP-MS/MS for the fractionation and analysis of natural nanoparticles in environmental samples is becoming more popular. However, the applicability of this technique to non-aqueous samples such as gas condensates from petroleum hydrocarbon samples has not been reported yet. In this study, an asymmetric flow-field flow fractionation (AF4) system coupled with UV and MALS detectors has been optimized to perform the fractionation of natural nanoparticles present in a gas condensate sample, using THF as the carrier liquid. Read More
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.
A novel rhodium-catalyzed dearomatization of O-substituted pyridines to access N-substituted 2-pyridones has been developed. Computational study suggested a mechanism involving the formation of a pyridinium ylide followed by an unprecedented 1,4-acyl migratory rearrangement from O-to-C. Furthermore, using chiral dirhodium complexes as the catalyst, the asymmetric transformation has been achieved with excellent enantioselective control. Read More
Org Biomol Chem 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.
Chemical Engineering & Process Development Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, Maharashtra 411008, India.
The present review provides a broad description of the methods reported for the synthesis of α-acyloxy ketones and some of their derivatives. α-Acyloxy ketones and their derivatives are vital synthetic intermediates and are ubiquitous as biochemical constituents of living organisms, biologically active natural products and pharmaceuticals. Due to their biological importance, new methods for their synthesis are being continuously developed and documented in the recent past. Read More
Georgian Med News 2018 Oct(283):47-51
Kharkiv National Medical University, Ukraine.
The combination of cardiac pathology and metabolic disorders, namely type 2 diabetes mellitus, is one of the most frequent comorbid pathologies and the main cause of death from cardiovascular complications at an early stage of the disease. Despite the wide range of antithrombogenic measures, prevention of thrombotic complications of acute myocardial infarction remains an urgent problem of cardiology. The study involved examination of 73 patients with acute myocardial infarction with concomitant type 2 diabetes mellitus, who were distributed into clusters according to severity by the main indices of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism using hierarchical analysis. Read More
Zygote 2018 Dec 5:1-6. Epub 2018 Dec 5.
7Universidad de La Frontera,CEBIOR, Chile.
SummaryThere is no information about the characteristics of early cleavage in the Patagonian blennie (Eleginops maclovinus), which can be used as a diagnostic tool for embryo quality. The purpose of this investigation, therefore, was to characterize the first blastomeres of E. maclovinus morphologically. Read More
Dalton Trans 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.
Faculty of Physics, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil.
We report the synthesis, crystal structure, phonons and luminescence properties of three novel heterometallic metal organic frameworks (MOFs) with perovskite-like topology of the following formulas: [C3H5N2]Na0.5Cr0.5(HCOO)3 (ImNaCr), [C3H5N2]Na0. Read More
Noise Health 2018 Sep-Oct;20(96):212-216
Kirisits Consulting Engineers, Pinkafeld/Vienna, Austria.
Context: Noise indicators are the basis to describe noise exposure-effect relationships. The assessment of these noise indicators in field studies includes various uncertainties, so that the true values differ from the determined values used for establishing curve fits. If the relationship between a noise indicator and its effect is nonlinear, uncertainties of the noise indicator modify the observed exposure-effect relationships. Read More


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Pakistan lawmakers seek amendment in Hindu Marriage bill
ISLAMABAD — Within days of Pakistan becoming the first Muslim country to give Hindus the right to register their marriage, a lawmaker in the national assembly has sought amendment in the Hindu Marriage Bill.
Pakistan Muslim League-N member Ramesh Kumar Vankwami on Wednesday won the support of the Senate Functional Committee on Human Rights for amending the bill already cleared by a National Assembly committee.
Vankwami had been demanding removal of a clause in the draft of Hindu Marriage Bill that stated that a marriage would be dissolved if any of the spouses converted to another religion.
"The clause can be misused to forcefully convert married Hindu women the same way young girls have been kidnapped and forced to convert to other religions," he pleaded with the committee.
The bill was passed on Monday by lawmakers in Sindh province — home to the majority of Pakistan's three million Hindus.
Clause 12 of the bill hit the basic human rights of the Hindus living in Pakistan, he said.
Senator Farhatullah Babar supported annulling "the repressive" clause. "It amounts to promoting forced conversions not only of young unmarried girls but also of married Hindu women. It is a grave human rights violation of the Hindus," said Babar.
Vankwami's argument was that Hindu men and women cannot marry a co-religionist or outside their religion until they are 18. "That is the age the custodianship of their parents ends," he said.
The senate committee members pointed out that other religious communities had no fixed minimum age for marriage, leaving it to their reaching adulthood.
"We better leave that matter to the discretion of the members of the Hindu community," committee chairperson Nasreen Jalil said.
The Hindu Marriage Bill requires married couples to obtain a marriage registration certificate. A couple can be fined for not doing so under the draft law which, when passed, will apply retroactively to existing marriages.
The bill comes at a time of increased violence against Pakistan's minorities. Some Hindus have fled to India in recent years citing discrimination and religious persecution.
Pakistan was created in 1947 after India was partitioned at the end of the British rule. Today, Hindus are said to make up more than two percent of Pakistan's population of 182.1 million.
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Civil service employees disagree ordinance
RUPANDEHI- The Nepal Civil Service Employees Union (Association) Province-5 has expressed discontent on the employees' adjustment ordinance brought out by the government.
Noting that the employees' adjustment ordinance was introduced against the common understanding of the employees, the committee on Monday submitted a 12-point memorandum to the federal government through Province-5 Chief Minister and Office of Council of Ministers.
It may be noted that a 22-point common concept was submitted to the government through Chief Secretary of the federal government after holding discussions among national level trade unions of civil service. The discussion was coordinated by the authentic trade union of civil service employees.
The committee has expressed disagreement on the issuance of employees adjustment ordinance-2018 against the share concerns against the shared concept of the employees.
The Nepal Civil Service Employees Union (Association) has been insisting on the government to adjust employees as per the Adjustment Act-2074 and immediately enforce the voluntary retirement plan as per the Clause 13 of the Act.
A team headed by Association Province-5 Chairperson Madan Gautam had submitted the memorandum to Secretary of Chief Minister and Council of Minister, Basanta Adhikari.Follow @gorkhapost


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10 Festive Christmas Teacher Gifts For $5 And Under
The holidays are approaching and hopefully you are thinking about it with excitement instead of dread. When you're making your list and checking it twice, make sure you don't forget about all the teachers in your life! We've got a super affordable list of the best Christmas teacher gifts that are all $5 and under! … Continue reading 10 Festive Christmas Teacher Gifts For $5 And Under
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Happy Wintry Monday! Hope all that are affected by the snow are safe and warm!! Here is the latest First Amendment news to check out
Tag: freespeech
Not Peace, but a Sword: Janus and the weaponizing of free speech
By Daniel J. Root The case and the controversy Last June, the Supreme Court in Janus v. AFSCME, Council 31 overturned a forty-one-year-old precedent. At
A More Perfect Union? The Future of Public Unions in the Wake of Janus. By Brandon Mayes
The Supreme Court recently held in Janus v. AFSCME, Council 31that a state law requiring non-union workers to subsidize public union activities violates the free


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Moving Traffic While Slowing Water
The vast expanses of impermeable asphalt surfaces blanketing the country and crisscrossing every urban center and thoroughfare from the east to west add up to a total of 4.12 million miles—enough to circle the Earth's equator 157 times over. While it might be easy to take impermeable pavement for granted as the historical norm for load-bearing surfaces from roadways to parking lots and storage depots, impervious pavement has recent origins and we are only recently becoming aware of its full costs.
Speed and efficiency were the watchwords in engineering as far back as Roman times, whether talking about moving vehicles, commerce, or water. However, allowing stormwater from roadways and other impermeable surfaces to sluice uncontrolled into receiving waterways has more recently been recognized as a source of pollution and an impediment to well-functioning ecological systems. Stormwater runoff can introduce contaminants such as heavy metals, petroleum byproducts from leaky or malfunctioning vehicles, combustion byproducts, nitrates, solvents, organic waste, and litter directly into storm sewer systems, lakes, and rivers. Regulations such as the National Pollutant Discharge Eliminating System permitting process and rules requiring property owners to maintain predevelopment hydrology for new construction have emerged as we become aware that the very same civil engineering practices that have given rise to vibrant cities and efficient transport can also cause damage. In many areas of life, people are seeing the value of slowing things down; the same goes for water, even keeping it from going anywhere at all and instead allowing it to percolate into the soil as close as possible to where the rain falls.
Removing impervious surfaces is one solution to slowing down the water to allow natural infiltration to run its course. However, for surfaces that will be required to bear traffic, simply leaving them unpaved is not viable. Installing alternative pavers that allow water to pass through rather than passing over presents one of the most practical solutions to the dilemma of keeping traffic moving while slowing down the water.
Making Hay
When developers began planning a complex of new home sites on a sprawling meadow in the Shenandoah Valley near Winchester, VA, stormwater regulations emphasized managing the quantity of water rather than quality. Tim Painter of engineering firm Painter-Lewis PLC remembers consulting in 2002 with the owners as they considered various options for developing the prime acreage adjacent to Route 11, one of the Shenandoah Valley's major arterial highways. They entertained development prospects ranging from an apartment complex to a retirement community. "We did a floodplain analysis of Hiatt Run, which flows to the south of this project. We had to stay out of the floodplain and obviously the floodway, and we had a riparian buffer that we had to stay away from, so the design was geared around all of those things," recalls Painter.
The county rejected the first apartment plan. "They didn't want that kind of high-density development at the time," says Painter. Then the concept of a retirement community on the site got stuck at the drawing board stage because of declining economic conditions.
The property itself went through a couple of changes in ownership during the economic downturn, while farmers literally made hay on the sun-drenched fields. After more than a decade with the property in limbo, a new builder obtained development rights and in a brighter economy received the go-ahead from county planning for 120 units of luxury housing on the site with a project named for Hiatt Run. In the interim, stormwater quality had edged its way into the spotlight as a critical regulatory priority.
"Quality became very critical in the design, when at first pretty much we had to take into account stormwater quantity. Of course, we had to protect Hiatt Run, but as we got into this new phase of development, stormwater quality became part of the design criteria," says Painter.
"On the northern side of the property we used some open-air detention to handle some of the water that came off the Virginia Department of Transportation right of way and from some of the adjacent properties. We also developed two small constructed wetlands next to the Hiatt Run streambed to protect that area," he says. But the bulk of the stormwater management system is being provided by Aqua-Bric Type 4 "L" permeable pavers, part of the Eagle Bay SWM PAVE Stormwater System.
Aqua-Bric Type 4 "L" is an L-shaped permeable paver whose shape helps eliminate faulting and rotation. It is practically transparent to rainwater with the ability to capture from its surface 450 inches of rain per hour, many times more than the most torrential downpour can produce, far exceeding the 1/2-inch-per-hour absorption capacity of well-drained soils. The pavers have a joint void system that "carries forward the structural and mechanical connection of the block while also providing a void for maintenance of the system," says Bob Bridges, director of sales with SWM PAVE. "All stormwater BMPs, whether proprietary or public, require maintenance," he notes, and SWM PAVE's Aqua-Bric component is designed with the full product life cycle, including maintenance requirements, in mind.
According to Painter, Scott Rosenfeld, the developer of Hiatt Run, got a call from Bridges about the possibility of using the pavers to promote infiltration as a means of meeting the region's "predevelopment condition" stormwater mandate.
A Regulation Connection
Bridges says his job starts long before the first pavers are ordered. While he believes that all of the various states' regulations focus on the same worthy goal—"to have some improvement in water quality"—he says the rules are not always consistent nationwide. For instance, even at the most fundamental level, "There are different approved pollutant removal rates state by state." He adds, "At SWM PAVE, we get to know the regulatory community. Once we know the regulations, we get in touch with the engineering community and provide engineering support in house. Ninety percent of the time the engineers are specifying the SWM PAVE system."
Painter admits that he was not immediately sold on the idea of pavers for the site and set out to do some homework of his own. "I researched it pretty hard to ensure we could do what we wanted to do using the system," he says. "I'm always hesitant about using pavers because obviously we're in a snow area and in the winter there's a lot of potential for plowing and maintenance. I'm always concerned about the stones being picked up with the blade." However, Painter says that in researching the system he found "the interlocking pattern of the system allows the plow blades to go right over top of it." He got in touch with people who had used the system, who confirmed its resilience in the face of winter storms. "There is one other project locally that had used the system before, and it seems to be holding up pretty well," he says. "We were able to use the SWM PAVE system for an infiltration system in all the paved areas, and we were able to satisfy stormwater quantity and quality by using that system."
At the same time, the system saved the developer a significant amount of money on the 127,000-square-foot pavement installation project. "We are very competitive with traditional wearing surfaces such as asphalt and concrete," says Bridges. "SWM PAVE systems can be installed mechanically, from 5,000 to 10,000 square feet per day. It fully satisfies stormwater requirements but also serves as the wearing surface." By addressing the two priorities of paving and water quality with a single product, SWM PAVE saved the developer more than $100,000, which amounted to about 1% of the entire development's cost.
Scott Rosenfeld, the developer of the project, notes that the system has some advantages over ordinary pavement. "It installs so fast, as fast as asphalt, and you don't have to reseal it every couple of years. We get great savings in stormwater management, and it looks good, sounds good, and feels good."
He adds, "Most people who are in the planning field, they're altruistic people; they love a better way of doing it for the environment and a better product. It's quality, so the acceptance has been great."
A Diamond in the Rough
If there actually were a paved asphalt drive that circled the earth 157 times, a nice place to stop off would certainly be Hawaii. Joel Kurokawa says one of the nicest places to be in Hawaii is Diamond Head Monument, right next to the campus of University of Hawaii Community College. In 1968, Diamond Head was declared a National Natural Landmark, and Kurokawa says the residents of the surrounding Honolulu community are quite fond of the dormant volcanic crater. "It's a significant landmark, which has been designated its own special district to protect the natural environment."
Criteria for development in the district are strict. For example, he says, "Every time you move a tree you have to mitigate with a new tree measured at two inches" or more by caliper, "to make sure the natural landmark is preserved." Kurokawa is president and owner of Ki Concepts, a landscape architecture firm based in Honolulu. His firm provided landscape design services for the new campus of the university's Culinary Institute of the Pacific in the shadow of Diamond Head on the island of Oahu.
According to Kurokawa, before work could begin on the landscaping, residents of the community were given the opportunity to voice their concerns over any land-use changes at the site as part of a formal review and permitting process that included three public hearings as the project went through development.
Kurokawa says his firm specializes in an ecosystems approach to each of its landscaping projects and is always on the lookout for environmentally friendly products and techniques. "It's a response to market demands. In Hawaii, all newly constructed state projects are required to qualify for US Green Building Council LEED Silver certification or better," he says. While a state mandate makes it easier to sell green infrastructure, by tying in the ecosystems approach he can demonstrate to clients that while "the upfront cost may be higher, using green infrastructure costs less if you look at the entire life cycle."
The site for the culinary institute, adjacent to the slope of the volcano cone, formerly housed a country club that had been razed by fire. The project was designed to take advantage of the terraced slope left over from its prior use. Although Kurokawa says he was keen to preserve the verdant beauty and ambience of the hillside, safety regulations required the construction of a permanent fire lane within 50 feet of the building. His vision for this lane was to provide it with the structural integrity required by fire code regulations but to also integrate it into "the pedestrian amenities," designed to provide enjoyable experiences for students and faculty as they work or play on the campus. With this objective in mind, a traditional asphalt paved tarmac was out of the question, but there were alternatives.
Cooking With Grass
He elaborates, "We have in the plan the ability to plant gardens along the path as an integrated component of the design." However, he notes, "It's a roadway that has to support a fire truck of a certain weight," and requires a certain structural integrity. GrassPave from Invisible Structures would provide a solution. Kurokawa says he chose the product, in part, because of the company's extensive history in the field and its ability to provide in-depth support, ranging from numerous case studies to learn from to its broad network of suppliers, including a distribution center in Honolulu.
The lane is built on a structural base course of crushed gravel over the existing subgrade, taking the drainage to 2% across the fire lane. "We have a lot of expansive clay soils," he says. "We're designing that top layer skin grid structure that allows drainage. It's a very low-profile open-cell product. It has two-inch openings and voids that can be filled with sand and compost while sitting on a compacted base course. When the grass grows, you don't see it at all."
Kurokawa notes Honolulu's ongoing challenges in addressing pollutants from impervious surfaces getting into the bay, threatening coral habitat and other aquatic ecosystems. Whether accompanying roadways, parking lots, or other structures, building new gray infrastructure for detention and storage could help alleviate some of that. "In Hawaii you need to manage a 10-year storm over a 24 hour period, to maintain that predevelopment site condition for a 10-year storm onsite for a particular period before releasing it to storm drainage."
However, he says, "Landscape architects are trained to be interdisciplinary. If you're going to store that water, let's use it for other purposes." For example, the culinary institute design includes rainwater capture and reuse features on rooftops. He believes the systems approach to managing water is gaining traction across disciplines. "Civil engineers have begun to understand the idea of low impact development [LID]—don't put in impervious surface if you don't need it. The cheaper way is to infiltrate the water, if you don't have the space for storage."
He adds, "We look at ways to reduce costs. We look at ways to get the water into the ground and not into pipes." GrassPave provides two additional benefits: "Because it is not a hard paved surface, it combats the heat island effect as well as restoring the natural areas."
Ultimately, the fire lane at the culinary institute runs just the length of two classrooms, and Kurokawa hopes it will never see its intended use. "It was very short. It's a small contribution to a single project, but if you look at all the things that are going on and the new requirements being codified, as a whole, they have a huge impact."
Draining an Intersection
The Chattanooga, TN, region has become popular with travelers who enjoy the outdoor arts of camping, hiking, watercraft, and fishing. To an adventurous hiker, there can be nothing better than fording a waist-deep creek in the backwoods with knapsack held high overhead, or finding a hidden swimming hole just a few yards beyond the trail to frolic in crystal clear water. However, when hikers get back to town itching for hot showers and a warm comfy bed, wading or driving through ankle-deep water pooled at an intersection can seem like a nightmare, confirming the adage that what people do for fun they would often prefer not to do as a necessity.
When the proprietors of a local hostel called the Crash Pad, which caterers to adventure travelers, began working on plans to redevelop some of the neighboring properties in the commercial district surrounding their hotel, they noticed a gaping problem. At this particular intersection, "There was no stormwater drainage system in place, and whenever it would rain it would flood. It made passing through the area kind of uncomfortable. It wasn't very deep—only about six inches—but the whole intersection would get covered, and the pavement suffered a lot because of that as well," says Mark Heinzer, engineering manager for drainage and flood control for the City of Chattanooga.
The owners' redevelopment plans included the construction and operation of a new restaurant. To obtain a permit for building on the site, they would need to conform to stormwater regulations that require developers in Chattanooga to capture the first inch of rain on the property.
From the city's point of view, there was also a need to address the deteriorating infrastructure at the intersection of Johnson and Passenger Streets, where the Crash Pad and the proposed new Flying Squirrel Restaurant would be located. In addition, the city of Chattanooga has a combined sewer system that sometimes results in raw sewage discharge—combined sewer overflows—to the Tennessee River after large rain events. "We were going to need to replace those roads anyway. So the opportunity presented itself to do more than just pave them; we were able to include some stormwater improvements as well," says Heinzer.
The Crash Pad's owners offered to share the costs of street improvements as a means to address their new construction stormwater requirements and worked with the city to put together a public-private partnership agreement to financially support installation of permeable pavers on the public roadways adjacent to their properties. Heinzer says the owners liked the look of cobblestone and decided to give permeable pavers a try, with the objective of meeting their stormwater requirement and avoiding the cost, in both space and monetary expense, of installing stormwater management infrastructure directly on the premises of the new restaurant. As an additional benefit, replacing asphalt and concrete with colorful pavers would add an attractive provincial element to the commercial landscape of the neighborhood.
In a bold move that went beyond talk, says Heinzer, "The owners of the Crash Pad purchased the permeable interlocking concrete pavers [PICP] from Belgard and donated them to the project."
To begin installation, contractors planned to remove a 2-foot cross section of existing roadbed and fill the cavity with weighted stone. However, the construction process was not without its complications. "This area of the city is old in terms of its development history," says Heinzer. In a bygone era the area had been devoted to rail and manufacturing land uses, and evaluation of the soil underneath the existing roadbed indicated that some of the existing fill bore traces of industrial contamination. "We actually had to take some fill out. Some of that fill was foundry sand from some of the former foundry industry that was here in Chattanooga. We ended up having to take that to a landfill—for safe keeping, I guess you'd say."
Heinzer says the soils that remained were fill materials as well, "so we weren't expecting to get to any really good infiltrative soils." However, to optimize opportunities for infiltration to occur, crews "scarified the bottom of the subgrade, as opposed to compacting it like you would normally do for a roadway."
The project also installed an underdrain system within the pavement. Heinzer explains that using this system, the stone fill provides up to 6 inches of storage that will be allowed to infiltrate. During large storms when the water rises above that level, the excess will flow into the underdrain to be directed to the combined sewer system. "It slows down that peak rate for the combined sewer system," reducing the potential for an overflow, says Heinzer.
The permeable pavers on Johnson Street, with 3 feet of gravel reservoir underneath, now capture all of the intersection's excess rainwater. The Johnson Street Green Infrastructure Retrofit Project includes construction of 14,000 square feet of roadway using PICP. The project keeps more than 11,000 cubic feet of rainwater out of the combined sewer system.
A few years after installation of the pavers, says Heinzer, "There have been zero problems with rainwater. It doesn't stand in the roadway at all. It all goes right through the surface of the pavement and gets underground and is held there. We've had absolutely no problems since the project with any kind of flooding."
Heinzer says the community, impressed by the roadway's new look, is doing a good job keeping the area clean, and the pavers do a good job keeping litter out of the combined sewer system. "We're looking at getting a sweeper and a vac truck in there to sweep up all the fines that have made their way into the spaces between the bricks. We do have some areas that are kind of clogged up, but the overall system still works. It's got such a redundancy in its capacity that it's still working fine. We're going to bring in some new sand to fill those spaces and basically rejuvenate the whole thing, and we should be fine for another couple of years after that."
The City of Chattanooga has endorsed permeable pavement as one LID solution to capture stormwater before it enters the sewer system. PICP is a solution that has shown recent success, with well over 100,000 square feet being used within the city. As an incentive for property owners and developers, Chattanooga will become one of the first cities in the US to set up a stormwater market for property owners who replace their asphalt parking lots with PICP, allowing them to trade stormwater credits to those who can't make the same improvements.
The City plans on continuing its work refurbishing its sewer and stormwater infrastructure to reduce overflows into the Tennessee River, as mandated by EPA. "Just about any project we get into, we're looking to see how can we use green infrastructure to minimize the volume of discharge," says Heinzer. "We're retrofitting our parks, the parking lots, and recreation facilities—any kind of city facility. We're looking for ways to reduce the environmental impact from stormwater runoff from those areas." When it comes to street improvements, he says his department looks at all the options, "Maybe it's permeable pavements, maybe it's trees or trying to add some more vegetation along the rights of way. We're always looking for opportunities to do those types of projects."


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