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On That Point! An Introduction to Parliamentary Debate John Meany Kate Shuster International Debate Education Association New York Amsterdam Brussels
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1 On That Point!
3 On That Point! An Introduction to Parliamentary Debate John Meany Kate Shuster International Debate Education Association New York Amsterdam Brussels
4 On That Point! An Introduction to Parlimentary Debate Published in 2003 by The International Debate Education Association 400 West 59th Street New York, NY Copyright 2003 by International Debate Education Association All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, without permission of the publisher. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data: Meany, John. On that point! : an introduction to parliamentary debate / John Meany, Kate Shuster. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN Debates and debating. [1. Debates and debating.] I. Shuster, Kate, II. Title. PN4181.M dc Printed in the United States of America.
5 Table of Contents Preface... vii Acknowledgements... ix Chapter 1 Introduction to Debate On That Point: Persuasive Speaking Chapter 2 Parliamentary Debating Chapter 3 Taking Notes Chapter 4 Topics and Topic Interpretation Chapter 5 Case Construction Chapter 6 Arguing Against the Proposition Case On That Point: Panel Discussions Chapter 7 Argument Analysis Chapter 8 Research and Evidence Chapter 9 Opposition Strategy Disadvantages v
6 Chapter 10 Opposition Strategy Counterplans Chapter 11 Opposition Strategy Critiques On That Point: Public Debate Chapter 12 Points of Information Chapter 13 Rebuttals and Humor On That Point: Open Forum Debate Chapter 14 Judging Debates Chapter 15 Tournament Administration and Topic Selection Appendix 1 Sample Topics Appendix 2 British Format Debating Appendix 3 Logical Fallacies Appendix 4 Resources Appendix 5 Argumentation and Debate Glossary Appendix 6 Sample Debate Speeches vi
7 Preface All students can benefit from training in oral communication and argumentation. A course in debating is a course in practical knowledge, critical thinking, research, and public speaking. These are all essential skills for students who wish to succeed in school or in the workplace. We sincerely hope that this book will be of use to teachers and students who desire an introductory course in debate and argumentation. This book is designed for use in a secondary school classroom or as part of an extracurricular debate program. It begins with an introduction to public speaking and argumentation and proceeds to discuss many advanced concepts in argument theory and the finer points of competitive and noncompetitive debating. Although there are many different formats and kinds of debating used around the world, this book primarily discusses the practice of parliamentary debating. The parliamentary debate style is the fastest growing and most widely used style of debate in the world, with parliamentary debate societies in such diverse countries as Indonesia, Russia, Chile, Ireland, Romania, Korea, and the United States. Although English is the primary language for international parliamentary debating, there are debate events in many languages held all over the world. The parliamentary style of debating is easily learned and extraordinarily adaptable. You will find that the flexibility of the format is such that it supports both competitive events and public discussions on just about any topic. Parliamentary debate is the ideal format for debate by secondary students, because it emphasizes research at the same time that it emphasizes the development of performance and speaking abilities. We have included all of the basic elements of public speaking, critical thinking, critical listening, and research skills for new debaters. The text also contains exercises aimed at helping experienced practitioners to develop sophisticated argumentative skills. You will also find speeches, excerpts, and resources, as well as a glossary and several hundred potential debate topics. All these resources are useful for novice and experienced debaters as well as debate trainers and coaches. The best way to learn how to debate is through constant practice. The exercises in each chapter are meant to help you learn how to use the vocabulary and concepts in parliamentary debate gradually, rather than vii
8 all at once. Some exercises may be profitably repeated with different topics and in different groups of debaters. The text presents some technical jargon associated with debate, but whenever jargon is used, a common or plain meaning description of the same concept is also given. Our goal is to help debaters communicate with inexperienced or experienced judges or a diverse array of audiences. Jargon is not meant to substitute for elegant rhetoric in parliamentary debates. We have included some jargon associated with other debate formats including policy and Lincoln- Douglas debate because many debaters learn their skills from textbooks or online sites that use those formats as models. Also, parliamentary debaters frequently participate in multiple formats international or American and others as part of their debating experience. Policy and Lincoln-Douglas formats are used in several countries, so there is substantial overlap between debate communities. Debaters need to understand the jargon and techniques of other formats to counter students with that experience effectively. We keep this information related to policy debate and Lincoln-Douglas debate to a minimum and always place it in the context of parliamentary debate. This book is designed to be read and studied over a period of time, rather than to be absorbed in a single sitting. While you read the text, you may encounter vocabulary terms that you do not immediately understand. Take notes on these vocabulary words and closely examine their accompanying definitions or explanations. We have included information on debate and argumentation theory and practice to allow practitioners to innovate the thinking, practice, and craft of parliamentary debate. No community can remain static for long. Debate is particularly dynamic. Debaters and coaches continuously reinvent the norms and practices of debate. We hope that this book will aid, rather than hinder, this process of growth and change in the debate community. We encourage readers to use the text to develop their own exercises. This book includes four sections labeled On That Point. These sections are designed to teach different styles of debating and speaking other than parliamentary debate. The sections include reprinted articles from major news publications. These articles are meant to serve as resources for students investigating the recommended topic for those sections. However, the exercises in those sections can and should be repeated using other topics and other resources. We hope that these sections will encourage teachers and students to use different and diverse forms of debate. viii
9 Acknowledgements The authors wish to thank IDEA and Noel Selegzi for their support of debate and of this textbook s production in particular. The authors also wish to thank David Chamberlain of Claremont High School, Robert DeGroff of Colton High School, and other coaches of the Citrus Belt Speech Region for providing helpful reviews of the text. John Meany wishes to thank Robert Branham, the former director of debate at Bates College, an inspirational teacher of debate who introduced this author to parliamentary debate. Bob was a brilliant debate theorist with a commitment to debate education. John also wishes to thank his son, Jake Meany, for his sacrifices, patience, and support during the production of this book, as well as current and former members of the Claremont Colleges Debate Union, who have shared with him in learning the art and practice of parliamentary debating. Kate Shuster wishes to thank her grandparents, Jack and Catherine Dulaney and Don and Helen Shuster. They worked tirelessly to give her the foundation of support she required in secondary school and has built on ever since. She would also like to thank Jon Sharp, whose merciless wit and intellect have helped hundreds of high school and college debaters succeed. Finally, Kate would like to thank all of the high school debaters she has had the privilege to coach, including Anne Marie Todd, Justin Wilson, and David Poline (Pace Academy), Alex Berger & Matt Ornstein (Georgetown Day), and Wally Eastwood & Ryan Scoville (Centennial High). ix
11 Chapter 1 Introduction to Debate We all engage in argument every day, on a variety of issues. Sometimes we are the people making the arguments. For example, you may argue with your friends over what movie to see, with your parents about adjusting your curfew or with your employer about getting a raise. At other times, you are part of the audience for arguments that try to persuade you to believe a certain thing or to take a particular action. You may not realize it, but you spend the majority of every day surrounded by arguments: I need a hall pass. The Red Sox will win the World Series this year. We should order a pizza. All of these are arguments. When you think of the word argument, you probably think of its negative use. We often characterize uncivil or otherwise disagreeable confrontations as arguments, saying things like: Don t argue with me, or I don t want to get into an argument about this. While these phrases use one sense of the word argument, another way to think about an argument is simply as a claim or statement that attempts to convince an audience about some idea. We make arguments about the world in order to persuade an audience to adopt a specific point of view about something. When you say, I need a hall pass, you are most likely trying to persuade your teacher to allow you to leave the classroom for some reason. When you say, We should order a pizza, you may be trying to convince your friends or family to have a specific kind of meal. Arguments can also be about facts or predictions, as in the case of the above claim about the Red Sox. It is not necessarily true that the Red Sox will win the World Series this year. Thus, when you claim that 11
12 12 On That Point! they will, you are making an argument to convince a listener that your prediction will prove to be correct. We make arguments to persuade other people to take our side on a particular issue. What are some arguments you might make in everyday situations? What kinds of arguments might you make to your friends? How about to your parents or guardians? What kinds of arguments might you make to your teachers? Just as we make arguments to others, they also make arguments to us. Most of your day, whether you realize it or not, is spent being an audience to the arguments of others. What are some of the arguments you hear from your teachers, siblings, or parents? You consume arguments, just as you consume products like toothpaste and video games. We are used to thinking of ourselves as consumers of goods and services, but we may not think of ourselves as consumers of information and argument. Yet we are constantly bombarded by arguments in the form of advertisements. All advertisements are arguments because they try, however indirectly, to persuade you to take a course of action to buy a product. Arguments are the driving force of everything from science to politics. A scientific hypothesis is a kind of argument that must be proven through testing or other kinds of experimentation and research. Public policies are made and continued on the basis of argument. Public transportation, such as buses and subway systems, didn t just come into being by accident. Public transportation exists because someone (or, more likely, a group of people) decided that it would be a good idea to have a bus system and made persuasive arguments for funding and maintaining mass transit. People buy health insurance because they have been persuaded by arguments that it is a good idea to have health insurance. Elementary schools have recesses or play breaks because educators made arguments that it would be beneficial for elementary school children to have play breaks or recesses. As you can see, argument is serious business. It is your business, because you navigate your life and your social relationships with others by convincing them of your opinions or being convinced by theirs. In democratic societies, argument is the lifeblood of politics. Citizens or their elected representatives argue all the time about how to best make policy that represents the interests of the people. These conditions mean that those who do not know how to make effective arguments are often left behind or left out, because they cannot advocate on behalf
13 Introduction to Debate 13 of their interests or the interests of their family, co-workers, or other groups to which they might belong. If you learn how to argue effectively and persuasively, you will be able to overcome these obstacles and become a participating citizen in the global culture of argument. The purpose of a course in debate is to become better at the business of argument. Everyone knows how to argue, but few people know how to argue well. As you study the practice of debate, you will become more competent at making arguments as well as listening critically to the arguments of others. Both skills are necessary for success in debate and life. In this chapter, you will learn some basic debate skills and practice developing those skills using several different exercises. What Makes a Debate? Debating is, of course, as old as language itself and has taken many forms throughout human history. In ancient Rome, debate in the Senate was critical to the conduct of civil society and the justice system. In Greece, advocates for policy changes would routinely make their cases before citizen juries composed of hundreds of Athenians. In India, debate was used to settle religious controversies and was a very popular form of entertainment. Indian kings sponsored great debating contests, offering prizes for the winners. China has its own ancient and distinguished tradition of debate. Beginning in the 2nd Century C.E., Taoist and Confucian scholars engaged in a practice known as pure talk where they debated spiritual and philosophical issues before audiences in contests that might last for a day and a night. In medieval Europe, debate was critical to the teaching in the universities that arose around the 12th century. At Oxford, in England, instruction in debate and argumentation occupied whole years of the education of the average student. Around this time, debate became increasingly popular in Christian monasteries, where monks would engage in formal public debates that would often last for days. Thomas Aquinas was said to be one of the most celebrated debaters in all of Europe, able to simultaneously debate ten opponents on ten different topics. Modern parliamentary debating has its roots in all of these types of debating as well as the formal parliamentary debates that got their start in the House of Commons in the 14th century British Parliament. As Parliament gained
14 14 On That Point! more influence in the course of British governance, so too did the debates that occurred among its members. This process of government by debate made its way to England s American colonies. Debate flourished within these colonies, and after America s Revolutionary War, debate became one of the primary forces driving government and the course of social policy. One of the most widely debated topics in the history of the United States of America was slavery. The famous debates between Abraham Lincoln and Stephen Douglas on the issue of slavery in new territories made Lincoln famous throughout the nation. Later, Frederick Douglass became one of the most powerful debaters in the history of the United States, and was renowned for his eloquence in advocating the abolition of slavery. Organized and informal debate occurs all over the world and plays an important role in just about every human society. Students study and engage in debate in Sierra Leone, Indonesia, Mongolia, Japan, Romania, Chile, Korea, Mexico, Ireland, and Ukraine, just to name a few countries. By studying debate, you are joining a global community engaged in one of humanity s oldest pursuits. While millions of people all over the world enjoy a good debate, they do not all debate in the same way, in the same format, or even in the same language. In this book, we teach many different ways of debating and encourage you to come up with your own. Most formal debates have two characteristics in common: Participating debaters try to persuade a third-party audience or judge. Debates are usually on a fixed topic or proposition. When we argue with our friends or parents, we are usually trying to convince them of our viewpoint, and vice versa. We say that someone wins an argument when he or she convinces the other side to agree with a particular viewpoint. Debate does not work this way. One important way that debate is different from simple argument is that in a debate, you are not trying to convince your opponent or opponents that you are right. Rather, you are trying to convince some third party that is watching the debate. This third party is usually an audience, but it might also be a judge or a panel of judges who have been specially assigned the job of deciding the winner of a debating contest. Both public and competitive debates are normally on a fixed topic or motion. The topic might be broad and undefined, such as school safety or affirmative action. The topic might also suggest a direction for the debate, such as
15 Introduction to Debate 15 School safety should be improved, or Affirmative action should be abolished. The function of a topic for debate is to constrain the issues that will be debated generally, judges and audiences expect that debaters will stick to the assigned topic. Debate topics usually deal with controversial issues. These can be international issues such as global warming or local issues such as scheduling or dress codes at your school. One of the great things about debate is that once you learn how to debate, you can debate about any given topic. In this chapter, you will learn about the components of an argument. Once you have learned these components, you should practice making arguments to your fellow students. Of course, debate is not just about making arguments as a debater, you must also learn how to refute, or answer, arguments. The last section of this chapter teaches you basic techniques in argument refutation. At the conclusion of this chapter, you should be able to engage in debating with your friends and classmates. What Makes an Argument Arguments are the most basic building blocks of debate. To debate, you will need a sophisticated understanding of how arguments work. Arguments are like automobiles: if you understand how they work, you are likely to get more service out of them, understand what went wrong when they break down, and fix the problem before your next outing. Debates are made up of arguments, but argument is distinct from debate. An argument is an attempt to influence someone else in some direction. In debates competitors present many arguments, all of which can serve different functions in a debate. Of course, in debate as in life, not all arguments are created equally. Some arguments are more successful than others. The question for debaters is how to make successful arguments and how to make these successful arguments work in debates. Often, arguments are not successful because they are incomplete. It is important to remember that an argument is different from a simple assertion. An assertion is a claim that something is so: The death penalty is justified. Hyacinths are better than roses. The Simpsons is the best television show.
16 16 On That Point! The USA should eliminate its nuclear arsenal. Economic growth is more important than environmental protection. Most topics for debate are assertions. They, like the preceding statements, are simple claims about the world. This means that topics are not arguments in and of themselves. When debaters take up a topic, their job is to flesh out the arguments for and against a particular topic. Assertions are only the starting point for argumentation and debate. In everyday situations, many people mistake simple assertions for their more sophisticated cousin, argument. This error leads to disputes like those had by children: Is too. Is not. Is too. Is not... This method of argument is similar to the method of conflict resolution used by warring mountain goats, where both parties simply lower their heads and butt horns until one of them falls off the cliff and dies. An argument is more than an assertion. An assertion says that something is so, but an argument attempts to prove why that thing is so. There are three basic parts to any argument, easily remembered as A-R-E: Assertion: A claim about the world. Reasoning: The reasons why that claim is true. Evidence: Proof, usually in the form of data or examples. Simply speaking, all arguments contain an assertion, which is simply a statement that something is so. Arguments also include reasoning the reasons why the assertion is true. Reasoning is the because part of an argument. Finally, arguments have evidence the proof for the validity of the reasoning. A complete argument must contain all three components. A novice debater might simply offer claims to prove her point: The death penalty is justified. A more sophisticated debater knows that her argument will be more persuasive with reasoning: The death penalty is justified because it deters crime. Better yet is the technique of the advanced debater, who offers proof for her argument:
17 Introduction to Debate 17 The death penalty is justified because it deters crime. Studies conducted across the nation strongly point to this deterrent effect. For successful debating, it is critical that you understand and deal with all of the components of your arguments and the arguments made by your opponents. Many people argue by simply answering assertions with other assertions. This is not a sophisticated or persuasive way to argue. Good debaters know that an assertion should be refuted by answering the supporting reasoning and evidence. Suggested Exercises 1. Examine the editorial page of your local newspaper. Take each editorial and figure out what arguments are being made by the author. What is the author s major argument? What other arguments does she make? What reasoning does she use for these arguments? What kind of evidence does she offer as support? 2. Practice providing reasoning for your arguments with the because exercise. There are several assertions listed below. For each assertion, generate three reasons why each assertion might be true, like this: School uniforms should be required in schools because they cost less money than other clothes, and because they stop competition over how nice your clothes are, and because they would stop students from wearing gang colors. After you have finished with the following assertions, generate your own. School should be year-round. Violent television should be banned. The voting age should be lowered to 16. Police are necessary for safety. People should eat meat. Books are better than video games. Math is more important than English. There should not be curfews for high-school students.
18 18 On That Point! Refuting Arguments When you advance an argument, you are making an assertion, and, it is to be hoped, you are supporting it with reasoning and evidence. Remember: arguments are not just claims. Arguments explain why something is so. Making an argument is just the beginning of a debate. To engage in a debate, you will have to answer the arguments of others, and then in turn answer their answers to your answers, and so on. Debates are a complicated business. Debates can t be composed only of initial arguments, because then they wouldn t be debates, but rather exchanges of unrelated ideas, like the following exchange: Speaker 1: Bananas are better than apples because they contain more potassium. Speaker 2: Circles are better than squares because their shape is more pleasing to the eye. What this discussion is missing is what in debate we call clash. Both speakers are advancing arguments, but their statements are unrelated to each other. Clash is one of the fundamental principles of good debate. Unless arguments clash, there is no way to compare and judge them. Debate deals with arguments that oppose each other directly. To dispute an argument effectively, you must master the skill of refutation. Arguments of refutation serve as answers to arguments already in play. Refutation is necessary in debates because it promotes direct clash between arguments. Arguments have answers just like questions. There are many ways to answer an argument that has been advanced. Of course, some methods are better than others. The first, and unfortunately most common, way of refuting an argument is simply to provide a counter-assertion: Speaker 1: Bananas are better than oranges because they contain more potassium. Speaker 2: Speaker 1 says that bananas are better than oranges, but I disagree. Oranges are better than bananas. Speaker 2 has simply provided an assertion to counter the assertion of the first speaker. Who wins this debate? Clearly, Speaker 1 has the edge, since she is the only debater to have actually provided reasoning for her assertion ( because they contain more potassium ). Good reasoning always trumps no reasoning at all.
19 Introduction to Debate 19 A more advanced method of refutation is to provide reasoning for your counter-assertion: Speaker 1: Bananas are better than oranges because they contain more potassium. Speaker 2: Speaker 1 says that bananas are better than oranges, but I disagree. Oranges are better than bananas because they contain more vitamin C. What makes this rejoinder better than Speaker 2 s previous attempt? Here, she is providing reasoning for her assertion: because they contain more vitamin C. Imagine that you are asked to judge this debate. How will you decide who wins? You find that Speaker 1 has proven conclusively that bananas contain more potassium than oranges. You also find that Speaker 2 has proven that oranges contain more vitamin C than bananas. Neither debater really has the edge here, do they? Notice that while there is direct clash between the assertion and the counter-assertion, there is no direct clash between the reasons for each. Speaker 2 has not yet succeeded in completely refuting her opponent s argument. Complete refutation is important to win decisively when arguments clash against each other in debate. In order to refute an argument, you must include what we call a therefore component. The therefore component of an argument of refutation is where you explain why your argument trumps the argument of your opponent. Observe: Speaker 1: Bananas are better than oranges because they contain more potassium. Speaker 2: Speaker 1 says that bananas are better than oranges, but I disagree. Oranges are better than bananas because they contain more vitamin C. You should prefer oranges because while many foods in an ordinary diet contain potassium, few contain an appreciable amount of vitamin C. Therefore, oranges are better than bananas. Speaker 2 wins. She has completed the process of refutation by including a therefore component in her rejoinder. Notice how this last part of her argument works. She compares her reasoning to Speaker 1 s reasoning, showing why her argument is better than that of her opponent. Almost all refutation can follow the basic four-step method demonstrated above. As you practice your refutation skills, consider starting with this model:
20 20 On That Point! Step 1: They say... It is important to reference the argument you are about to refute so that your audience and judges can easily follow your line of thought. Unlike the bananas/oranges example above, debates contain many different arguments. Unless you directly reference which of these arguments you are dealing with, you risk confusion on the part of your audience and judge, and confusion is seldom a good technique for winning debates. Good note-taking skills will help you track individual arguments and the progression of their refutation. We ll discuss how to take notes in the specialized form demanded by debates in the Skills chapter. One important thing to remember here is that when you refer to your opponent s argument, you should do so in shorthand. In formal debates, speeches are given in limited time. If you were to repeat all of your opponent s arguments, you wouldn t have any time to advance arguments of your own. So try and rephrase the argument you re about to refute in just three to seven words to maximize your speech time: They say that reducing welfare benefits helps the economy, but...; or They say Batman is better than Superman, but...; On their global warming argument... Step 2: But I disagree... In this part of your refutation, you state the basic claim of your counter-argument. This can be, in the case of the banana/orange controversy, simply the opposite of your opponent s claim. It can also be an attack on the reasoning or evidence offered for your opponent s claim. The important thing is to state clearly and concisely the counter-argument you want the judge to endorse. You can elaborate on it later. For now, it is important to phrase your argument as concisely as possible. This tactic helps your judge, audience, and opponents to remember it and get it in their notes. Step 3: Because... Having advanced your counter-argument, you need to proceed to offer a reason. Arguments of refutation need to be complete, just like the arguments they answer. Your reason can be independent support for your counter-assertion, as in the case above. It can also be a reasoned criticism of the opposition s argument. Step 4: Therefore... Finally, you need to draw a conclusion that compares your refutation to your opponent s argument and shows why yours effectively defeats theirs. This conclusion is usually done by means of comparison, either of reasoning or evidence or both. You need to develop a variety of strategies for argument comparison and evaluation. This is a critical skill for success
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This year Casey's Mum requested a pink and purple Lady Beetle Beanie. As its been a pretty busy winter for C Percy Designs, I decided to see if anyone else had already come up with a great design. After a bit of searching I found Megan Nadalet's blog 'Crochet Everyday. On her blog she kindly shared her 'Ladybug Hat Pattern'.
As the beanie I was making was for a child, I simply used my basic pattern and used the design concepts that Megan came up with, simple yet effective. I did not add the antennas as Bek preferred the beanie without them.
I think it looks pretty good!

subset: commoncrawl


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Browser Game Pick: Conspiracy! (dev9k)
December 7, 2012 7:30 AM | Konstantinos Dimopoulos / Gnome
Conspiracy! is a proper yet browser-based real time strategy game, and, that alone, makes it newsworthy. Also dangerously addictive and counter-productive as all good web games that involve thinking tend to be. Created by a small and apparently young indie team, Conspiracy! also happens to be a very good and mostly unique RTS about a war between evil organizations, involving bribes, sabotages and a super-weapon. Interestingly, you can also be the bad guy in the game's downloadable, Linux-only version that's freely available here.


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Almost everyone I've spoken this week has been talking about Petra Kvitova. "She's got the game and the draw to win this." Now, I think Petra is very very very good. I think she's capable of beating anyone on any given day. I do think that she can win a Slam.
But I also think she's 21 years old and has major consistency issues. I mean, she won Madrid and then lost a week later to Rybarikova in the finals of Prague, a $50k ITF tournament. That raises questions to me as to (1) whether she can sustain her game over two weeks and seven matches, and (2) whether she can deal with the pressure (ITF or not, it's still a final in your home country).
Big games are big games. The bigger they are the harder they fall. We see that with players like Sam, Sveta, Ana, Masha, etc. When they're good they're very good, and when they're bad they are tragic. That's what happened to Petra today. Coming out on court with some kinesio tape on her shoulder, Petra struggled all day with getting the ball in the court. And we're not talking missing by centimeters. We're talking feet. Meters. I think one of her forehands hit the Eiffel Tower and another one landed in London.
Nails wasn't that great either. But she showed some veteran grit after going down 0-3 in the third by reeling off six straight games. Apparently her husband left the court after she dug herself a hole. He should leave more often. The threat of no credit card nearby is clearly a motivator.
"Even myself, I didn't believe I can come back, you know, because she has a huge big serve. I don't know what happened. Maybe just my husband left and I can win six games in a row."
More Nails press conferences please! Even though we won't get to read them. Pffft.
This wasn't a great match to watch, but I'm super happy for Nails. She's now made the quarterfinals of all four Slams and is the first Chinese woman into the quarters of RG. That's quite something for someone so injury-prone and who seems to be blossoming later in her career.
She said in her press conference that she doesn't like the clay. I'm not sure if that matters, honey. It sure does like you.
(Pic: Getty)


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Pool pumps are the core of any salt water pool or spa system because they keep everything running and water circulating day after day. A properly sized pump will provide years of use and help keep your water clean, healthy and heated while being the most energy efficient for your unique pool and accessories.
The process of pool water pumps is really quite simple. Water is drawn into the pump by the suction created by the motor. A trap basket
collects larger pieces of debris before entering the pump. The trap basket
should be checked periodically and can be emptied very easily. Water is then pulled through to the
impeller and forced out of the pump where it is forced through the filter, heater and chlorine generator and eventually ends up back in your
Although the process is simple to understand, swimming pool pumps can be confusing and it can be difficult finding the right size of pump and it's important to choose the right pump for your pool. An oversized pump will cost you hundreds of dollars a year in unnecessary electrical costs. An undersized pump could lead to improper cleaning and lead to an unhealthy swimming pool.
Most pool owners use a pump that is too big for their pool and end up using more electricity than they need to. There are several factors that need to be considered when looking at pool pump sizing for your unique swimming pool system.
Sizing can be a bit confusing but it's worth taking the time to figure out what you really need. There are several factors that include total dynamic head and flow rate that are affected by plumbing, equipment and any additional hardware like a water feature or a cleaner.
There are different pumps for different jobs and we are pretty sure there's a pump for everyone it's just a matter of finding the right one that fits your pool and unique demands. A variable speed pump is without a doubt the best investment you can make for your pool because of the long term energy savings and whisper quiet operation that can be carried out all day and night.
A single speed pump is the most common pump for swimming pools. It runs at a constant speed that can be set to a timer using a separate pool pump timer. It's important to find a pump that's adequate for your pool to circulate and create enough chlorine from the salt in your pool.
A variable speed pump will save up to 80% in energy savings. They have the ability to run at different speeds so you can customizer your pool circulation based on the demand of your pool. Variable speeds are ideal for salt water pools because they allow you to run the pump all day at a lower speed which creates a healthier pool with much less energy required.
In addition to your main pump that will keep everything running smoothly, you may need a separate pump for a few different reasons including a waterfall or self contained pool vacuum. If you want complete automation of your salt water pool you might want to consider a timer to keep everything running on the same schedule everyday.
Pool booster pumps are required for some cleaners or pool sweeps that require that extra bit of pressure that can't be provided by the main pump alone. The added suction required to operate some cleaners effectively can't be supplied by some single speed pumps. A two speed pump or separate booster pump are the only option.
A pool pump timer is a device that regulates when your pump and other components of your pool system operate. Most pool owners set the timer to operate their water pump 4 - 8 hours a day. They are a great addition to any swimming pool pumps system because they regulate circulation times and take the guesswork out of it.
A waterfall pump is a pump specifically designed to operate a separate waterfall, fountain or water feature - that won't compromise your pool system. Create an amazing water display that compliments your swimming pool and backyard area.
A pool pump shed will protect your pump and other outdoor equipment from harsh weather conditions and provide a safe place to store your pump, accessories and other valuables. They are available in synthetic materials and steel or you can construct your own to your liking.
A submersible pool pump is an incredibly handy device that can be used to removed water that has collected on your cover. It can also be used to removed water during closing of your swimming pool or hot tub. You simply plug them in and let them drain to a safe draining area.
Pool pumps are the heart of your salt water pool and one of the most important decisions you can make about purchasing pool hardware. We hope the information help you make an informed decision.
SWPS Home Page


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LucasArts today announced Star Wars: The Clone Wars will blast its way onto the Wii and Nintendo DS in Holiday 2008. Bringing an entirely new look and feel to the galaxy far, far away, Star Wars: The Clone Wars combines the cinematic qualities of the Star Wars movies with state-of-the-art computer-generated imagery from artists at Lucasfilm Animation.
Star Wars The Clone Wars: Lightsaber Duels, in development by Krome Studios exclusively for the Wii, delivers fun-filled Lightsaber battles for the entire family while it immerses players in the characters, locations, and epic duels from the all-new Star Wars feature film. Built from the ground-up for the Wii, Lightsaber Duels features an intuitive motion-controlled combat system that puts the Lightsaber weapon in your hand for non-stop fun.
Star Wars The Clone Wars: Jedi Alliance, developed exclusively for the Nintendo DS by the LucasArts Singapore team in conjunction with Lucasfilm Animation, lets gamers experience the awesome power when two Jedi join forces to fight as one. With an innovative stylus-based input, controlling the Jedi's movement and engaging in Lightsaber combat has never felt more immersive.
"Working on The Clone Wars chapter of the Star Wars Saga has been an exciting endeavor for everyone here at LucasArts," said Feargus Carroll, project lead for LucasArts Singapore. "The intuitive and accessible gameplay on both the Wii and the Nintendo DS complement one of the most exciting Star Wars adventures yet."
About LucasArts
LucasArts, a Lucasfilm Ltd. company, is a leading developer and publisher of interactive entertainment software worldwide for video game console systems, computers and the Internet. Based in San Francisco, Calif., as well as on the Internet at www.lucasarts.com, LucasArts was created in 1982 by George Lucas to provide an interactive element to his vision of a state-of-the-art, multifaceted entertainment company.
About Krome Studios
Krome Studios is Australia's largest video game developer and a leading independent development studio in the worldwide game development community. Krome's vision is to cultivate technological and artistic achievement, creating proprietary technologies that facilitate superior game development for both original and licensed properties. The company has proven expertise in developing games for the current gen platforms and is already engaged in working on next gen as well as all handheld platforms.


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We said way back in 2001, that authentic voices and sounds from the film series would be imperative for Rage's Rocky, a 3D fighter coming to GameCube later this year. And it wasn't even that we had to have Sylvester Stallone accurately representing his Academy Award winning character. When one thinks about the Rocky film franchise, it's the classic dialogue and memorable music as much as the crushing haymakers that immediately come to mind. At first glance, the boxing is solid, surprisingly solid at that, but Rage has taken the steps to include the details that'll make serious Rocky fans smile. Besides we all know it basically comes down to two words: Clubber Lang.
Rage has taken the time to get top-notch voice-acting and Mr. T himself to bring Apollo Creed, Tommy Gunn, Ivan Drago and Clubber Lang to life in Rocky. For Rocky himself, we're getting real samples from the films. "You gotta be a moron. You've got to be a friggin' moron to wannabe a fighter" is lifted directly from the original movie and used as his in-ring taunt. The famous "Theme from Rocky" is his ring entrance music and is used liberally throughout the game, albeit with different instrumentation, the same way James Bond's theme is sprinkled throughout 007 games. We didn't get a chance to check out the sounds and voices of all the big name characters like Creed, Drago and Lang but if Rocky Balboa and Dipper Brown are any indication, we'll be in good hands.
Oh yeah, we said Dipper Brown. Pretty much every fighter who's ever stepped into the ring for a Rocky movie will be among the 20 total playable characters. Dipper Brown, Spider Rico and all of the other barely-named fighters will be in there along with some very interesting hidden fighters we're not going to tell you about just yet.
The Movie Mode serves as Rocky's career mode. You play as Balboa since he's the only fighter that's unlocked when you start the game. As you defeat boxers, they become playable in exhibition mode. Movie Mode follows the story of the films in order. You start off in the first Rocky movie beating down Dipper and Spider to earn the title shot against Apollo Creed. Unlike the film, you have to beat Creed to advance. The best part is you get a computer generated cut scene right before your fight with Apollo and it's taken directly from the movie. It shows Rocky sitting in the bar watching Apollo Creed on TV talking about his upcoming fight with Lee Mac Green and then cuts to the scene where Creed chooses Rocky as his opponent. Very nice stuff to get you hyped up for the fight even though we had some issues with the sound quality of Balboa's voice samples.
The matches take place in the proper locales as well so that you're fighting Rico in the church/gym but you make it to Liberty Hall to face Apollo Creed. The fight against Drago will be in Russia and so on. And just so you know, you won't control Apollo Creed in his fatal match against Drago, only the Balboa-Drago fight. However you can exact revenge once you unlock all of them and have Creed kick Dolph Lundgren's ass in exhibition mode. Hey, a win is a win.
Whenever you win a fight in Movie Mode you "earn" the right to train Rocky to improve his stats. You start off with 15 points a piece (on a scale of 0-100) in Speed, Strength, Stamina, Determination and Movement. You have the option to either Quicktrain or Train your fighter. Quicktraining gives you an automatic five attribute points in whatever discipline you select. Conventional training in each discipline is it's own minigame that can earn you up to 10 attribute points if you do well, but if you fumble your fingers, you can end up with nothing. The choice is yours. Even though there are only five of them the minigames are extremely challenging and get tougher as you build your character. The Speed training game has you taking to the speed bag and hitting two punch buttons in rhythm and alternating the sequence whenever Mickey tells you. The Movement training exercise puts you in the meat locker pounding punch combos into sides of beef. However the combos only count when you're standing in the right position, indicated by the glowing areas on the floor around the punching bag/beef. Determination has you doing sit-ups with Mick yelling at you and some knucklehead pounding you in the gut at regular intervals. You have to button tap as fast possible to withstand the hurt. Stamina is a jump rope exercise.
The boxing in Rocky is probably better than the boxing in the movies. Rage is presenting this as an arcade style fighter and it definitely has the pick-up-and-playability you'd expect from an arcade title. However, for serious boxing fans you'll be happy to know that you'll have to have good ring skills and be able to adjust to your opponent's style (human or CPU controlled) if you want to get deep into the game. Fast fighters won't have an automatic advantage like in EA's Knockout Kings franchise. A powerful but slow CPU fighter will do considerably more damage and have more technique to protect himself and set up for his power punches. If you're controlling this big slow guy, you have to fight the same way instead of trying to throw rapid fire shots and trying to beat him to the punch. Also the pace of boxing is well designed. You can "open" up your opponent with one or two well timed and well placed punches so that he'll basically be vulnerable for even more damage. The whole match then becomes a strategy session as you try to create as many opportunities for flurries as possible while keeping your guard up or moving so you can protect yourself from your opponent's attacks. That's boxing folks. Ask Lennox Lewis. Or better yet ask Mike Tyson now that Lewis has taught him such a painful lesson.
The controls are very intuitive. You get your high and low punches for your left hand and your high and low punches for your right hand. You get four uppercuts on each face button once you squeeze the right trigger on the Xbox or hit the shoulder buttons on the PS2 and GameCube controllers. The left trigger/shoulder button is block/dodge when used in conjunction with the left analog stick. Different fighters have special punches on various button combos. Where Knockout Kings 2002 was a "controlled button masher" where you had to have some strategy while you mashed as fast you could, Rocky's boxing is a step slower, requires more skill and is a lot more believable if that makes sense.
Ubi Soft is publishing this game in North America while Rage is handling Rocky in Europe and it should be one of the premiere titles for both companies this holiday season. The question is just how powerful is the Rocky license in 2002? It could be all powerful like a comic book superhero or well worn and consistently disappointing like any science fiction license from the 1960s or 1970s with the word "Star" in it. Like the 1976 Academy Award winning film it's based on, this Rocky could very well come out of nowhere to shock everybody.


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text:
- About OTAI
- Home
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70TH Annual Convention of Oil technologists Association Of India and National Conference on 'The Process and Development for Better Economy Benefits of the Fats and Oils Industry was held at CSIR-Central Glass & Ceramics Research Institute was held on 20th-22nd November 2015 and the event was organised by East Zone of OTAI. Dr. K. Muraleedharan, Director CSIR- CGCRI, was the Chief Guest while Mr. B.K.Swaika managing Director of Swaika roup Of Industries was guest Of Honour.
70th Annual General Meeting of Oil Technologists Association of India was held at OTAI Building, HBTI, East Campus , KANPUR o September 21, 2015.


text:
Category: Products / fx units / reverb
Added: 13-Jun-01 | Author: admin
New price: na | S/H price: ???.. rare to find.
Company Link: No company link
EMT 250the EMT digital reverb, introduced in 1976, someone pointed out some errors we'd made, so i've redone the page which was chucked together rather quickly a few years back - EMT previously had bigtime studio hits with the 140 plate reverb (which sometimes get's modified to stereo) then a stereo 140 version & then the smaller and more manageable 240 goldfoil plate... so anyways, I thought i'd add it as a bit of info & links etc, pooling as much stuff as I can find so people can see what these items look like at least & get some info - here's a top-panel picture of the 250:
Here's the 251.
Here's some info from a web-page (http://www.gprime.com/html/digital_processing/body_processing_255.html)
In 1975, the US engineering contract firm Dynatron completed the R&D for the 250, an entirely electronic unit that re-revolutionized reverberation. Karl O. Baeder and Dr. Barry Blesser determined the algorithms, and Ralph Zaorski (most recently a co-developer of the Dynatron 255) created the hardware for the EMT 250, which continues to set the standard for that effect with its classic sound 25 years after its introduction. A mere 250 of the 250's were produced, and the surviving systems have the distinction of being one of the most sought-after "vintage" digital effects units.
When asked to comment, Zaorski noted that as a packaging of the original EMT 250 algorithms into a box fresh for the year 2000, the Dynatron 255 seems to represent the best of both worlds for the legion modern-day aficionados of the EMT 250's sound. "People are familiar with the EMT 250," he explained. "The Dynatron 255 is a device which has (the EMT's) capability using modern technology, and therefore there aren't the problems of maintenance that would come into play with the 250."
As for getting the chance to be a part of the birth of a hallmark piece of recording gear, Zaorski acknowledges that a good time was had by all. "We were pretty excited about it, actually," he recalls. "It was a fun project!"
Here's some more info from another page: (http://studioelectronics.biz/recentprojects/recent-classicemt.html)
In 1976 though, EMT blew a lot of minds by introducing the 250 Electronic Reverberator Unit. Not only was it the first digital reverb,but it sounded fabulous, and looked like something from an alien spacecraft! It was a free standing unit about 3 feet tall with black "radiator" style heat sinks wrapping around 3 sides, and a large, bright red power supply assembly. On the top mounted control panel 4 oversize levers resembling aircraft controls adjusted main delay/decay time, LF and HF decay times, and added delay to the send. It also had delay, phasing, chorus, slap, and "space echo" programs. It had one input and either 2 or 4 outputs, depending on the version ordered.
EMT 250 Electronic Reverberator Unit
The 250 really had a beautiful sound. Its design was a joint effort between EMT's engineers in Germany and a small firm in Massachusetts called Dynatron. EMT designed the converters, I/O, and power supply, while Dynatron designed the main digital/processor board. The Dynatron effort was led by Dr. Barry Blesser, then a professor at MIT (and later an AES President). The finished unit had nearly 500 IC's, and 3 cooling fans. To protect its revolutionary design, the part numbers and identification were scratched off most of IC's on the digital board. The Electronic Reverberator Unit utilized a memory board that held 80 2102's - then a popular 1k (!) static RAM chip (also used in Radio Shack's TRS-80, the first real home computer). In accordance with Moore's Law (which predicted the doubling of transistor density every year) later models used a RAM board with just 32 IC's. This new board used 4044's, a 4K RAM device.
EMT 251 Digital Reverberation System
About 250 250's were built, and they sold for about $20,000 each. I'm not sure whether EMT recouped their investment, but the machine was a huge milestone in recording technology that heralded a real turning of the corner for the audio industry. Within a few years EMT had released the 251, a revised model with an LCD display and increased functionality. The 251 offered extended frequency response, additional parameter controls, more programs, and a remote control port in the same "sci-fi" package.
As you might suspect by now, servicing those EMT reverbs was a labor of love. The 250 sounded pretty sick - There were problems in the power supply, D-A board, and that primitive RAM board with the 80 IC's (finding the bad ones was an interesting mini project!) After finding and repairing those 3 problems, I then performed the bizarre, convoluted, and thoroughly German alignment procedure. When the repairs were finished, I ran some audio through it. Wow! Beautiful warm, natural sounding reverb, with a touch of menacing rumble in underneath. What a sound.
The 251 had a different kind of problem. The internal electronics worked just fine but its LCD display had burned out, and running it was a bit like driving a car while blindfolded. The owner had already concluded that no spares existed, which we confirmed. With some difficulty, we tracked down the original specs and manufacturer of the display, and are trying to have new ones manufactured. You can be sure that one way or the other, we'll get it running again.
The only thing I could find about the actual company (EMT), which is rediculous really for the www, was a note that in 1960: "Production start of the Studer C37 and the Revox D36 which became the first Revox stereo taperecorder of the 36 series. Co-operation with "EMT Wilhelm Franz GmbH" begins.
Well if that is the ones then the only other info on the www i could find was relating to turntable and other hi-fi whatever gear... not a sausage of anything else much to be gleaned, sorry.
ah wait.. here's some more from a dynatron digital 250... gives some more info:
the original 250 had - "Front panel controls are: Decay, Low Frequency Decay, High Frequency Decay and Initial Delay - Decay Time being 0.4 to 4.5 seconds, LF Decay from X0.5 to X2.0, and HF Decay from X0.25 to max, Initial Delay being 0/20/40/60ms times."
Check the review it's interesting:
Product Videos
EMT 250 Intro
EMT 250 REVERB Description (with English Subtitles)...
Product Manuals or Files
Product Resources
1 related links
Audio demo?
More choices in this product category from other manufacturers:
User Comments
Product: EMT - 250
Name: David Kulka
Email: Email supplied but hidden
Activity: Professional
Date: 30-Sep-02
I ran across your page describing the
"RCA - EMT 250" and I believe you are
mistaken. To my knowledge RCA had no
relationship with the 250 reverb. It
was designed and build in Germany with
the help of a US contractor called
Dynatron, who designed the main logic
board. The one in your photo with the
RCA logo may have been owned by RCA
studios, or maybe someone just stuck it
on for fun.
I repair and sell these units, by the
way. Currently I have a beautiful EMT
251 for sale.
Best wi
|Product rating out of 5:
Product: EMT - 250
Name: admin
Email: Email supplied but hidden
Activity: Professional
Date: 01-Oct-02
cheers :)
|Product rating out of 5:
Product: EMT - 250
Name: doug parry
Email: Email supplied but hidden
Activity: part-timer
Date: 18-Apr-03
I have an EMT 251 with 250 PROMS..
It has a noisy output on one channel.
Can you recommend anyone to repair the
|Product rating out of 5:
Product: EMT - 250
Name: James Cunningham
Email: Email supplied but hidden
Activity: Professional
Date: 23-Mar-05
The EMT 250 was the world's first successful digital reverb and was designed by
Barry Blesser. It was marketed in the US by Gotham Audio. It is still one of the
best reverbs ever made. It is not a plate, that was the EMT 140.
|Product rating out of 5:
Product: EMT - 250
Name: tb
Email: No email added
Activity: Professional
Date: 29-May-05
|Product rating out of 5:
Product: EMT - 250
Name: Rob harvey
Email: Email supplied but hidden
Activity: Professional
Date: 16-Jun-05
World Pro Audio can repair many parts of the circuitry in the 250 and 251.
Rob Harvey
World Pro Audio
323 465-5226
|Product rating out of 5:
Product: EMT - 250
Name: james
Email: Email supplied but hidden
Activity: Professional
Date: 03-Jun-07
i have an EMT 250 for sell, if your interested, please e-mail me with offers
|Product rating out of 5:
Product: EMT - 250
Name: jairo varela
Email: Email supplied but hidden
Activity: Professional
Date: 29-Jul-09
[quote] james wrote: i have an EMT 250 for sell, if your interested, please e-mail me with offer
I need a EMT 250 or 251 for my studio.I need to know the price.
|Product rating out of 5:
Product: EMT - 250
Name: norman
Email: Email supplied but hidden
Activity: Professional
Date: 08-Dec-09
hi, i´d be interested in the emt 250, is it still for sale?
|Product rating out of 5:
Product: EMT - 250
Name: Steve James
Email: Email supplied but hidden
Activity: Professional
Date: 27-Jul-10
Why the big sound difference between the 250 and 251 ?
|Product rating out of 5:
Last added comment
Product: EMT - 250
Name: thomas b herzer
Email: Email supplied but hidden
Activity: Professional
Date: 22-Oct-14
Looking for the service manual for the EMT 250. Let me know.
|Product rating out of 5:
Looking for the manual? - Check this page above under the heading: 'Product manual or files' - We might have it!
Note: To cut down on spammers, cookies must be enabled to post comments to this page.
Looking for the manual? - Check this page above under the heading: 'Product manual or files' - We might have it!
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Total stars: 52 | Total votes: 14
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text: Jenny Juniper's Blog tag:www.schizophrenia.com,2007-07-09:/mt4/jenny-junipers-blog//20 2007-12-15T20:58:16Z As the mother of an adult daughter with schizophrenia, Jenny wanted to start this blog. The bottom dropped out of Jenny's world when her happy, outgoing talented daughter slowly - oh so slowly developed what was later diagnosed as schizophrenia. Her daughter, now aged 13 was adopted by family friends. The adoptive mum, also Jenny, and Jenny Juniper (blog's author) have maintained a unique relationship over these years keeping an extended family around Jenny Juniper's daughter and grand-daughter. Movable Type Publishing Platform 4.0-beta5-20070704 Jenny Juniper, once again cursor won't let me write in box. Oh dear! I keep trying. I managed it yesterday. tag:www.schizophrenia.com,2007:/mt4/jenny-junipers-blog//20.83 2007-12-15T20:53:48Z 2007-12-15T20:58:16Z Jenny Juniper Edit Entry - Jenny Juniper's Blog | Movable Type Publishing Platform tag:www.schizophrenia.com,2007:/mt4/jenny-junipers-blog//20.79 2007-12-14T21:13:55Z 2007-12-14T21:14:34Z http://www.schizophrenia.com/cgi-bin/mt4/mt.cgi?__mode=view&_type=entry&id=78&blog_id=20&saved_added=1... Jenny Juniper ]]> Jenny Juniper's third blog tag:www.schizophrenia.com,2007:/mt4/jenny-junipers-blog//20.78 2007-12-14T20:55:48Z 2007-12-14T21:13:28Z I realise now I can type in the box below, so I can write longer messages. Went for a medical yesterday, it's a thing where you provide the info about yourself for reasearch. Everything fine, indeed very good, but I... Jenny Juniper I realise now I can type in the box below, so I can write longer messages. Went for a medical yesterday, it's a thing where you provide the info about yourself for reasearch. Everything fine, indeed very good, but I realised I answered lots of mood things in the negative. And this is because of my concerns for my daughter, my anguish over everything she has lost, including her right to be a mother. Does anyone else out there have similar heartaches or worries? I wrote my poems because I wanted to give her a voice through the medium of my verse. I'll tell you more about them another time. Meantime I'd love to hear from some of you. Jenny Juniper says Hi again. I'm now trying a second blog. Still a bit unsure as space seems to run out. Oh, it's letting me write more this time. I wanted to tell you about my new E-book of poems. It's published by www.chipmunkapublishing.com tag:www.schizophrenia.com,2007:/mt4/jenny-junipers-blog//20.75 2007-12-13T21:51:08Z 2007-12-13T21:54:14Z Jenny Juniper Jenny Juniper says Hi! This is my first ever blog, so I'm a bit nervous and unsure. I'm writing because I found the link to schizophrenia.com I thought it was an excellent site with great info and I wanted to join in. tag:www.schizophrenia.com,2007:/mt4/jenny-junipers-blog//20.74 2007-12-13T21:42:28Z 2007-12-13T21:45:47Z Jenny Juniper


text:
Easy DIY projects are my favorite. I love the instant gratification. My clutch is one such project. I spiced up a thrifted grey clutch with a few coats of cobalt teal acrylic paint.
Presto. Change-o. Done!
It didn't take much paint either. You will be seeing this color on more bags, shoes, and whatever else I can think of.
What do think?
|Purse flipped over to other side.
Of course I didn't take a before but it looked like this pre-paint.
What I Wore
|printed peplum blouse // custom made sample from eShakti*
jeans // Akira
platform pumps // MIA / thrifted
*eShakti is currently having a 25% off sale and is providing my readers with an extra 10% discount using code: MA22LET
~ expires 8/31~


text:
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Our Upcoming Events
Lincoln Square Recreation Center
Oakland, CA 94607
phone: (510) 238-7738
fax: (510) 238-2309
Monday, Wednesday 11 am - 8 pm
Tuesday, Thursday 11 am - 9 pm
Friday 11 am - 7 pm
Saturday 8 am - 3 pm
Sunday 8 am - 12 pm
Lincoln Square Recreation Center is centrally located near public transportation with a lighted outdoor playground and two custom designed rubber-surfaced play areas with ADA accessibility.
With the increased interest in cultural identity today, Lincoln Square has expanded our offering of Cultural Arts Programs with the addition of a Chinese Orchestra,
Cantonese Opera, Mandarin Choir, Chinese Brush Painting, Calligraphy, Lion Dance, Chi Gong, Tai Chi, and Tai Chi Swords.
Lincoln Square offers a variety of programs just for girls throughout the year, and is the training facility for the City of Oakland's US Youth Games (USYG) Championship Volleyball Team that won gold in Cocoa Beach, Florida. For 2011, we are recruiting athletes (age 15-under) to compete at the USYG for one week in July; practice begins in the Spring. Please come by and inquire for more information!
Well, almost! We have expanded our programming to include swim lessons with the Aquatics Division of Oakland Parks and Recreation at DeFremery Pool, and the Oakland Tsunami Swim Program at Live Oak Pool. We are well on our way to developing our Middle School and Senior Dragon Boat team, as well as kayaking and canoeing programs at both the Lake Merritt Boating Center and the Oakland Estuary at the Jack London Aquatics Center.


text:
Product Description
Lawn Cuts custom craft dies are high-quality steel, made in the USA, and are compatible with most die cutting machines!
Thank you for visiting my shop. I Love to Inspire other with projects that I create from embellishments and Kits. Please enjoy your visit and come back.
Shipping is negotiable when ordering multiple items that can fit in flat rate envelope or flat rate boxes.
Thanks Deb


text:
Denmantau brings bohemain / dance – rock to Santa Monica Pier
Jorge Barona Miniondas / FarándulaUSA
Denmantau is the name of the German rock band created 12 years ago composed of five members described as "cast, deep, energetic, enthusiastic, uninhibited and talented
His music is described as a" centered voice around raging guitars and mariachi sounds alternative rock, making a subtle balance with powerful vocals that not only give meaning it melts in euphoric alone with a powerful and melodic trumpet … ".
Denmantau voice in Low German can be translated into something like "Let's do something!". Denmantau, alternative rock music with a subtle and almost imperceptible influence comes alive with Mariachi trumpet, acoustic guitar, electric guitar, keyboards, bass, percussion and voice. A sound truly unique flavor and own lyrics.
Denmantau is composed of Paul Weber (Vocals / Trumpet), Stefan Pomplun (Bass), Milan Carl (drums), Jonas Gerigk (Guitar / Vocals backup), Julian Schonscheck (Guitar / Keyboards), whose sound combines the genres of folk, Funk, Jazz, Rock and other rhythms in a free fusion of influences from different sources, including Mexican Mariachi music.
They have chosen Southern California, particularly the city of Los Angeles to lay their base and start from there his tour of Europe, Australia / New Zealand and California. The audience of Southern California have the opportunity to listen live to Denmantau in Santa Monica Harvelle's this coming Monday, December 28 from 8:30 pm. For details visit: http://santamonica.harvelles.com/event.cfm?cart&id=228312.
Source: Miniondas / FarándulaUSA
Photo: Denmantau Official Website