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Vehicle Theft Intimation Using GSM
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1 ISSN (e): Vol, 04 Issue, 8 August 2014 International Journal of Computational Engineering Research (IJCER) Vehicle Theft Intimation Using GSM 1, Minakshi Kumari, 2, Prof. Manoj Singh 1, 2, Computer Science and Engineering (Information Security) Disha institute of Management and Technology Raipur, India ABSTRACT: This project uses a wireless technology for automobiles using GSM modem. With the help of GSM modem, we can stop the automobile engine when someone tries to steal the vehicle. When unauthorised person tries to unlock the door of car, then a programmable microcontroller 8051 gets an interrupt and order to GSM modem to send a SMS. GSM modem that stores owner s number upon a miss call for the first time sends an alert SMS to that authorized number. If owner reply to stop the engine then the control instruction is given to the microcontroller through interface that the output from which activates a relay driver to trip the relay that disconnects the ignition of the automobile resulting in stopping the vehicle. Keywords - Step down transformer 230/12V, Bridge Rectifier, Voltage Regulator 7805, Microcontroller 8051 and GSM modem. I. INTRODUCTION GSM (Global System for Mobile communications) is an open, digital cellular technology used for transmitting mobile voice and data services. GSM differs from first generation wireless systems in that it uses digital technology and Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) transmission methods. GSM is a circuitswitched system that divides each 200kHz channel into eight 25kHz time-slots. GSM operates in the 900MHz and 1.8GHz bands in Europe and the 1.9GHz and 850MHz bands in the US. The 850MHz band is also used for GSM and 3GSM in Australia, Canada and many South American countries. GSM supports data transfer speeds of upto 9.6 kbit/s, allowing the transmission of basic data services such as SMS (Short Message Service). Another major benefit is its international roaming capability, allowing users to access the same services when travelling abroad as at home. This gives consumers seamless and same number connectivity in more than 210 countries. GSM satellite roaming has also extended service access to areas where terrestrial coverage is not available Global System for Mobile Communications. The first European digital standard, developed to establish cellular compatibility throughout Europe. It's success has spread to all parts of the world and over 80 GSM networks are now operational. It operates at 900 MHz. GSM stands for Global System for Mobile Communication and is an open, digital cellular technology used for transmitting mobile voice and data services. The GSM emerged from the idea of cell-based mobile radio systems at Bell Laboratories in the early 1970s. The GSM is the name of a standardization group established in 1982 to create a common European mobile telephone standard. The GSM standard is the most widely accepted standard and is implemented globally. The GSM is a circuit-switched system that divides each 200kHz channel into eight 25kHz time-slots. GSM operates in the 900MHz and 1.8GHz bands in Europe and the 1.9GHz and 850MHz bands in the US. The GSM is owning a market share of more than 70 percent of the world's digital cellular subscribers. The GSM makes use of narrowband Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) technique for transmitting signals. The GSM was developed using digital technology. It has an ability to carry 64 kbps to 120 Mbps of data rates. Presently GSM supports more than one billion mobile subscribers in more than 210 countries throughout the world. Open Access Journal Page 42
2 The GSM provides basic to advanced voice and data services including Roaming service. Roaming is the ability to use your GSM phone number in another GSM network. Throughout the evolution of cellular telecommunications, various systems have been developed without the benefit of standardized specifications. This presented many problems directly related to compatibility, especially with the development of digital radio technology. The GSM standard is intended to address these problems. From 1982 to 1985 discussions were held to decide between building an analog or digital system. After multiple field tests, a digital system was adopted for GSM. The next task was to decide between a narrow or broadband solution. In May 1987, the narrowband time division multiple access (TDMA) solution was chosen. 1. GSM Modem Fig 1. GSM Modem Global system for mobile communication (GSM) is a globally accepted standard for digital cellular communication. GSM is the name of a standardization group established in 1982 to create a common European mobile telephone standard that would formulate specifications for a pan-european mobile cellular radio system operating at 900 MHz. A GSM modem is a wireless modem that works with a GSM wireless network. A wireless modem behaves like a dial-up modem. The main difference between them is that a dial-up modem sends and receives data through a fixed telephone line while a wireless modem sends and receives data through radio waves. The working of GSM modem is based on commands, the commands always start with AT (which means ATtention) and finish with a <CR> character. For example, the dialing command is ATD<number>; ATD ; here the dialing command ends with semicolon. The AT commands are given to the GSM modem with the help of PC or controller. The GSM modem is serially interfaced with the controller with the help of MAX 232. II. NEW APPROACHES Recently, a GPS based system is use for automobile security. This GPS system helps to find out the exact location of the vehicle and find out the direction of the vehicle. This system uses geographic position and time information from the Global Positioning Satellites. The system has an "On-Board Module" which resides in the vehicle to be tracked and a "Base Station" that monitors data from the various vehicles. But this system is not able to give protection to the vehicle. To overcome this problem, a GSM Modem based project introduced in this security system. The main aim of this project is to use a wireless technology for automobiles using GSM modem. The main scope of this project is to stop the automobile engine with the help of GSM modem when any person tries to steal the vehicle. When unauthorised person tries to unlock the door of car, then a programmable microcontroller 8051 gets an interrupt and order to GSM modem to send a sms. GSM modem that stores owner s number upon a miss call for the first time, sends an alert sms to that authorized number. If owner reply to stop the engine then the control instruction is given to the microcontroller through interface that the output from which activates a relay driver to trip the relay that disconnects the ignition of the automobile resulting in stopping the vehicle. Global usage: Originally GSM had been planned as a European system. However the first indication that the success of GSM was spreading further afield occurred when the Australian network provider, Telstra signed the GSM Memorandum of Understanding. Open Access Journal Page 43
3 Frequencies: GSM networks operate in a number of different carrier frequency ranges (separated into GSM frequency ranges for 2G and UMTS frequency bands for 3G), with most 2G GSM networks operating in the 900 MHz or 1800 MHz bands. Where these bands were already allocated, the 850 MHz and 1900 MHz bands were used instead (for example in Canada and the United States). In rare cases the 400 and 450 MHz frequency bands are assigned in some countries because they were previously used for first-generation systems. Most 3G networks in Europe operate in the 2100 MHz frequency band. For more information on worldwide GSM frequency usage, see GSM frequency bands. Regardless of the frequency selected by an operator, it is divided into timeslots for individual phones. This allows eight fullrate or sixteen half-rate speech channels per radio frequency. These eight radio timeslots (or burst periods) are grouped into a TDMA frame. Half-rate channels use alternate frames in the same timeslot. The channel data rate for all 8 channels is kb/s, and the frame duration is ms. The transmission power in the handset is limited to a maximum of 2 watts in GSM 850/900 and 1 watt in GSM 1800/1900. III. GSM NETWORK The network architecture of GSM can be broadly divided into these main areas Mobile station Base-station subsystem Network and switching subsystem Operation and support subsystem. Fig 3.GSM Network GSM is a cellular network, which means that cell phones connect to it by searching for cells in the immediate vicinity. There are five different cell sizes in a GSM network macro, micro, pico, femto, and umbrella cells. The coverage area of each cell varies according to the implementation environment. Macro cells can be regarded as cells where the base station antenna is installed on a mast or a building above average rooftop level. Micro cells are cells whose antenna height is under average rooftop level; they are typically used in urban areas. Picocells are small cells whose coverage diameter is a few dozen metres; they are mainly used indoors. Femtocells are cells designed for use in residential or small business environments and connect to the service provider s network via a broadband internet connection. Umbrella cells are used to cover shadowed regions of smaller cells and fill in gaps in coverage between those cells. Cell horizontal radius varies depending on antenna height, antenna gain, and propagation conditions from a couple of hundred metres to several tens of kilometres. The longest distance the GSM specification supports in practical use is 35 kilometres (22 mi). There are also several implementations of the concept of an extended cell, where the cell radius could be double or even more, depending on the antenna system, the type of terrain, and the timing advance. Indoor coverage is also supported by GSM and may be achieved by using an indoor picocell base station, or an indoor repeater with distributed indoor antennas fed through power splitters, to deliver the radio signals from an antenna outdoors to the separate indoor distributed antenna system. These are typically deployed when significant call capacity is needed indoors, like in shopping centers or airports. However, this is not a prerequisite, since indoor coverage is also provided by in-building penetration of the radio signals from any nearby cell. Open Access Journal Page 44
4 IV. SPECIFICATIONS OF GSM The GSM specification is listed below with important characteristics. Vehicle Theft Intimation Using GSM A. Modulation: Modulation is a form of change process where we change the input information into a suitable format for the transmission medium. We also changed the information by demodulating the signal at the receiving end. The GSM uses Gaussian Minimum Shift Keying (GMSK) modulation method. B. Access Methods: GSM chose a combination of TDMA/FDMA as its method. The FDMA part involves the division by frequency of the total 25 MHz bandwidth into 124 carrier frequencies of 200 khz bandwidth. One or more carrier frequencies are then assigned to each BS. Each of these carrier frequencies is then divided in time, using a TDMA scheme, into eight time slots. One time slot is used for transmission by the mobile and one for reception. They are separated in time so that the mobile unit does not receive and transmit at the same time. C. Transmission Rate: The total symbol rate for GSM at 1 bit per symbol in GMSK produces K symbols/second. The gross transmission rate of the time slot is 22.8 Kbps. GSM is a digital system with an over-the-air bit rate of 270 kbps. D. Frequency Band: The uplink frequency range specified for GSM is MHz (basic 900 MHz band only). The downlink frequency band MHz (basic 900 MHz band only). E. Channel Spacing: This indicates separation between adjacent carrier frequencies. In GSM, this is 200 khz. F. Speech Coding: GSM uses linear predictive coding (LPC). The purpose of LPC is to reduce the bit rate. The LPC provides parameters for a filter that mimics the vocal tract. The signal passes through this filter, leaving behind a residual signal. Speech is encoded at 13 kbps. G. Duplex Distance: The duplex distance is 80 MHz. Duplex distance is the distance between the uplink and downlink frequencies. A channel has two frequencies, 80 MHz apart. H. Misc: Frame duration: ms Duplex Technique: Frequency Division Duplexing (FDD) access mode previously known as WCDMA. Speech channels per RF channel: 8. V. COMPARISONS: Definition Technolog y GPS based System GPS stands for Global positioning System. It is a satellite-based navigation system that was developed by the United States Department of Defence. Triangulation to at least three or four of the 24 satellites that orbit the earth. Vehicle Theft Intimation Using GSM Modem It is a specification of wireless network infrastructure. The system has been developed by the European Telecommunications Standards Institute. An object s position is determined using signal strength and triangulation from base stations. Open Access Journal Page 45
5 Features Vehicle Tracking Accuracy GPS system helps to find location and tracking of the vehicle Digital maps, etc. are used to track the location in real time. Comparatively difficult in area surrounded by tall buildings. Advantage Provides the exact location Provides the exact latitude and longitude Helps in searching the local area for nearby amenities Assists in improving the accuracy for weather forecasts. This project can stop the vehicle when unauthorised person tries to steal the vehicle. Phone s international mobile equipment identity number, etc. are used to track the location of a vehicle. Base stations are capable of providing locations in areas like tunnel and dense areas. World wide roaming The facilities of GSM are highly protected Reasonable Devices and Facilities The GSM expertise usages five bands of MHz rate; 450, 850, 900, 1800 and 1900 MHz. VI. FUTURE WORK Vehicle tracking system is becoming increasingly important in large cities and it is more secured than other systems. Now a day s vehicle Stealing is rapidly increasing. Nowadays, GPS tracking system is used in the vehicle. But this security is not enough for security. Due to this reason, this project is introducing the wireless technology effectively for the automotive environments by using the GSM Modem. It is used in sending sms intimation to owner in case of theft of vehicle. When a person trying to steal the vehicle. At that time, programmable microcontroller 8051 gets an interrupt and microcontroller that stores owner s number upon a miss call for the first time, sends an alert sms to that authorized number. When someone tries to steal the car then microcontroller gets an interrupt and orders GSM Modem to send the sms, the owner receives a SMS that his car is being stolen then the owner sends back the SMS to the GSM modem to stop the engine, while the vehicle will be stopped. The control instruction is given to the microcontroller through interface, the output from which activates a relay driver to trip the relay that disconnects the ignition of the automobile resulting in stopping the vehicle. This project can be more effective when this is use in bank for security purpose. When unauthorized person tries to unlock bank locker then a security locker which is also available in bank locker automatically get locked. So that theft cannot able to open the bank locker. For this, we can also provide security in the bank. VII. RESULT AND CONCLUSION For fast development of the country transportation of men & materials is urgently require. For transportation of men & material in very large amount large numbers vehicle is of high capacity is required.the cost high capacity vehicle is very high.the Chances of theft vehicle is also increased due to high cost of vehicle, non availability of garage,guards & parking space in the town or city. To stop the theft of the car /vehicle is urgently required for fast movement of the vehicle/car & also to control criminal activity. At present we are using GPS system for tracking the theft vehicle. GPS system is not full prove system for arresting the theft of vehicle or car. It only track the theft vehicle/car after theft.gps system is also very costly system and needs internet connection for tracking the vehicles. Open Access Journal Page 46
6 My project is based on GSM modem, which is a full prove system for arresting the theft of vehicles without using GPS system and internet connection. My system is based on wireless technology. This project is to use wireless technology to intimate the owner of the vehicle about any unauthorized door entry into the vehicle. This is done by sending an auto-generated SMS to the owner. An added advantage of this project is that, the owner can send back the SMS to the system, which will disable the ignition of the vehicle. Theft intimation of the vehicle over SMS using GSM modem by user programmable number upon a miss-call, to the owner, while unauthorized door entry is made in the vehicle. Owner can send command through his mobile to the system to stop the engine by activating the relay interfaced to a microcontroller along with the GSM modem used for the purpose. My system can be used remotely for stoppage the ignition of engine of the vehicles which will completely stop the theft of vehicle.the cost of my GSM modem system is very low in comparison to present GPS system and it is also very handy and light weighted. The circuit of my GSM modem is very simple, which can be repaired very easily. In my GSM modem system, we are providing separate power system through 12v battery. There will be no any connection in my GSM system through car/vehicle battery. It will be a hidden system fitted in the car/vehicles. REFERENCES [1] "GSM Global System for Mobile Communications". 4G Americas. Retrieved [2] "GSM UMTS 3GPP Numbering Cross Reference". ETSI. Retrieved 30 December [3] Introduction to GSM: Physical Channels, Logical Channels, Network, and Operation by Lawrence Harte. [4] GSM Switching, Services and Protocols by Hans-Jorg Vogel, Christian Bettstetter [5] An Introduction to GSM (Mobile Communications Library) by Siegmund H. Redl, Matthias Weber, Malcolm W. Oliphant [6] GSM Networks: Protocols, Terminology and Implementation (Mobile Communications Library) by Gunnar Heine [7] Radio Interface System Planning for GSM/GPRS/UMTS [8] Fundamentals of Cellular Network Planning and Optimisation [9] GSM, GPRS and EDGE Performance: Evolution Towards 3G/UMTS [10] HSDPA/HSUPA for UMTS: High Speed Radio Access for Mobile Communications [11] Intelligent Networks for the GSM, GPRS and UMTS Network [12] National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on the Future of the Global Positioning System; National Academy of Public Administration (1995). The global positioning system: a shared national asset: recommendations for technical improvements and enhancements. [13] The Global Positioning System: Assessing National Policies, p.245. RAND Corporation Open Access Journal Page 47
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text:
Customer Reviews
All reviews are from people who have redeemed deals with this merchant.
What You'll Get
Arranging gifts into a basket shows recipients that you took the time to make them feel special, albeit not as effectively as liquefying gifts and pouring them into a bottle. Smelt fewer teddy bears with this Groupon.
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- $15 for $30 worth of gourmet gift baskets
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Gift baskets with four crates of roasted nuts are $39.99, and Critic's Choice popcorn-sampler packs are $34.99. Whoopie-pie baskets are $34.99, microbrew buckets with pretzels, nuts, and beef jerky are $69.99, and a variety of mini gift baskets sell for $24.99.
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Promotional value expires Jul 10, 2013. Amount paid never expires. Limit 1 per person, may buy 1 additional as a gift. Limit 1 per order. Online only. Not valid for Dom Perignon, Veuve, Torn Ranch Rose, and fresh-cut flowers. $50 option not valid for 9" cheesecakes. Extra fee for shipping. Not valid for shipping to AK/HI/Canada/Puerto Rico. Cannot be combined with any other offers or discounts, including free shipping products. Merchant is solely responsible to purchasers for the care and quality of the advertised goods and services.
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GourmetGiftBaskets.com arranges treats such as fresh fruit, chocolate, international beers and microbrews, and even steaks in handmade gift baskets. In addition to sweet, savory, and sippable treats, shoppers can find relaxing spa baskets and tins full of dog treats and durable toys.

subset: commoncrawl


text: At 10am on Saturday the 6th of December 2014 there will be the 2nd ever Colour Spinning Class. It will take place at the Colour Run Registration Area at Borrowdale Race Course. Tickets are $25 each and there are limited spaces, so register soon to avoid disappointment. You can register for the Colour Spin at the Clock Tower in Sam Levy's Village or by phoning Di or Anna on: 0772 420 289 / 0774 184 356. You can also email: email@example.com to reserve your seat! As shown last year this is an awesome addition to the Zimbabwe Colour Run so try not to miss out!! ALL proceeds of this event go to Aware Trust. Watch last year's video here" https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SXrfdzLe9fQ


text: > What about a bottom-mount freezer? We have a large Amana bottom-mount freezer with 2 crisper drawers with humidity control. I love it. It has plenty of room for veggies and other foods and lots of "ergonomic" usable space. The only complaint I have is that it is noisy. Mary ------------------------------


text:
02-11-04: County neighbors
can learn of predators
Mercer one of first counties
to test e-mail system for notification
By SEAN RICE
Mercer County residents now can sign up for a new state-sponsored
program that automatically sends an e-mail when a convicted
sex offender moves into the neighborhood.
Ohio Attorney General Jim Petro announced the new four-county
pilot program Tuesday afternoon at a press conference at Romer's
Entertainment Facility, Celina.
The Sex Offender and Notification law requires county sheriffs
to notify people living within 1,000 feet of a registered sexual
predator — those convicted of the most serious sexual
crimes. The least serious offenders, like in voyeurism cases,
are classified as sexual orientated offenders.
The new computer software allows residents to be notified when
any sexual related offender moves within a mile of their residence.
The e-mail program is an addition to the paper notification
that sheriffs must distribute to those living in the 1,000-feet
radius of a sexual predator.
"We are going to see how this works in Mercer County ...
get the bugs out ... and later expand it to all Ohio's
88 counties," Petro said.
County sheriffs in Mercer, Lucas, Washington and Stark counties
are currently administering the program. Petro said there was
no political influence in picking which counties participate
in the pilot; two counties are rural, the other two are urban.
The attorney general said this initiative is part of the reshaping
of his office to start providing more services to local governments,
in areas like crime scene investigation.
Petro explained the importance of sexual predator notification,
using the story of a Wayne County girl who was abducted from
the county fair by a known neighbor who turned out to be a convicted
sexual predator.
"Now, had that family known ..." he suggested.
The new program can be accessed through the county's Web
site, www. mercercountyohio.org. A click on the sheriff link,
then the sex offender link will open the offender page. Visitors
can look at photos of the county's two dozen-plus offenders
and sign up for the e-mail program.
The new program also offers a search by name or address. A statewide
searchable list is available through the attorney general's
Web site.
"This is an important public safety component, it's
not about harassing people who were convicted," Petro
(419)586-2371, Fax: (419)586-6271
All content copyright 2003
The Standard Printing
P.O. Box 140, Celina, OH


text:
Pre-enforcement: coding out: Self Assessment (SA) and Tax Credit (TC) overpayments: further TC points: customer objects to coding out
TC customers have the right to object to having their overpayment coded out at any time in the process.
We will encourage the customer to remain in coding out as it is an effective way of collecting the overpayment or try to agree an alternative payment arrangement.
We will not normally cancel coding out unless the customer agrees to another payment method. But, if the customer insists that they do not want the overpayment coded out, and will not make an alternative arrangement then we must remove it from the code.
If so, the overpayment will be collected by an alternative route which may include referral to a DCA. You must make the customer aware of this during discussion.
Actions to take on receipt of an objection to coding out
If the customer contacts us by letter or by phone objecting to coding out, you should establish if the customer has a PAYE source of income; for example, is employed or receives a UK-based pension.
Staff working in DTO campaign offices that have access to NPS can view NPS to establish details of the customers' employment. Only agree to stop the coding out process if the customer either:
- does not have a PAYE source
- agrees to make immediate payment by debit or credit card
- demonstrates that they are genuinely unable to pay in full and that collecting the overpayment over 12 months through their tax code will cause them hardship - you should negotiate an acceptable time to pay arrangement (our preferred method is by direct debit)
- insists they do not want the overpayment coded out and our attempts to persuade them to keep the amount in the code or make alternative arrangements fail.
When negotiating time to pay:
- check that the customer did not default on previous TTP arrangements
- ensure that the customer is serious about their obligations to make payments on time
- press for the shortest arrangement period possible
- advise that if they no not keep to the arrangement we may pass the overpayment to a DCA.
See the appropriate Standard Work Instruction (SWI) for guidance on the actions to take following customer contact about coding out, including:
- customer requires explanation of coding out
- customer disputes the overpayment (debt dispute)
- customer accepts coding out
- customer claims to have paid
- customer offers to pay in full
- customer can not pay today, or agree TTP and does not have a PAYE source of income
- customer agrees acceptable TTP
- customer can not agree acceptable TTP, has a PAYE source of income but insists coding out cancelled
- customer requests change of coding to other claimant
- customer notifies of a Household Breakdown.


text:
- Publisher: Meshnet Inc
- Release Date: Jul 4, 2012
Summary: Gulpie is a hungry cave man from the tropical forest. His hunger is never satisfying and is a non-stop eater. Gulpie is ready to gobble up the candies in this game and you would navigate him to feed his stomach. This comes at a very costly price of very deadly paths all along the way, sometimes even risking his life would be unavoidable. There are spiked ball hanging from the ceiling and be careful not to jump on it. There are slicer blade moving on the floor, escape them and you will surely win. There are Nail beds which you should totally avoid to continue playing the game. Collect all the candies kept over the platforms and score high. GAME FEATURES: 1. Simply irresistible 2. Very addictive and challenging 3. Great Graphics and gameplay There are yummy candies waiting out there..! go Grab it for Gulpie..!
|Meshnet Inc
|Adventure, General
- 1:31
- (35441 views)
- 1:14
- (27374 views)
- 1:23
- (23588 views)


text:
What is Wizzley?
If you are looking for an alternative to sites like HubPages, Squidoo, or InfoBarrel, Wizzley may just be it. Wizzley is very similar to these sites. You write articles, create content, then publish them on the site. Wizzley will share with you whatever revenue your content generates.
If you are a new member, your cut of the revenue will be 50%. After publishing 50 good articles, your revenue share will increase to 55%. After 100 articles, this percentage will become 60%.
Wizzley's main moneymakers are Google Adsense, Amazon, Zazzle, and Allposters. One drawback with Wizzley is that it currently doesn't allow you to display eBay products in your content.
It's never a good thing to place all your eggs in one basket. That said, even if you are busy writing on Squidoo or HubPages, you might want to give Wizzley a try.
Wizzley Tips
- Write about popular topics. If you visit Wizzley's homepage, displayed prominently on it is a dynamic view of the popular articles on the site. This shows you the articles that are hot on the site. This doesn't necessarily mean that you write articles that are very similar to them. Use them only to give you an idea on what to write.
- If you can't get article ideas from the popular articles featured on the homepage, you could scroll down to the bottom of the page and browse through the list of topics on Wizzley. There are exactly 32 topics there from which you can choose from.
- Participate in the forums. Wizzley has a pretty active forum where writers interact with each other. There's a lot that you can learn by just browsing through the forum threads. Also, the Wizzley staff are pretty active in the forums as well. Another reason why you should frequently visit the forums.
- Interlink your Wizzley articles. Of the Wizzley tips discussed here, this is one of the most important. Interlinking your articles not only drives more traffic to them, they get a boost in the search engines as well.
- If you are writing for other publishing platforms like HubPages, Squidoo, or InfoBarrel, don't forget to place links pointing to your Wizzley articles as well. HubPages and Squidoo have modules that allow you to easily drop links to other sites. Always make use of these modules.
- Bookmark your Wizzley articles. Doing this gives more exposure for your Wizzley articles. Start by using the top bookmarking sites like Reddit, RedGage, StumbleUpon, and Digg.


text:
Reviewed by Renamarie V. (age 8)
I thought this book was really humorous when it came to the end of the story. Junie B. Jones is my favorite character in the story. She is my favorite character because she called her teacher Mrs. instead of her real name. My text to self connection is when I was in kindergarten and I thought the bus was really smelly and was really different from a car too.
I would recommend this book to kids from K to 2. I would recommend this book to kids from K to 2 because it would be a just right book. I would also recommend this book to kids that love realistic, humorous fiction. This book is a really easy chapter book with only 69 pages. So run to the library and check out this book before it's too late.


text:
Timothy Ryan is engaged in labor and employment law and has extensive experience in the representation of employers in matters involving union organizing, collective bargaining, labor arbitration, and labor relations. He has guided employers through difficult employment situations involving strikes, boycotts, negative corporate campaigns, and concession bargaining.
Mr. Ryan defends companies in employment-related class action lawsuits involving wage and hour issues and employment discrimination. He also has experience in advising employers and litigating matters regarding sexual harassment, trade secrets and employee raiding, reductions-in-force, wrongful termination, employee privacy rights, and other employment law matters.
Mr. Ryan represents clients across a range of industries, including major retailers, restaurant and food service organizations, and airlines.
Mr. Ryan is a contributing author of the book The Developing Labor Law, published by the American Bar Association. He also serves on the Editorial Board of Bender's Labor and Employment Law Bulletin.
Mr. Ryan is a Fellow in the College of Labor and Employment Lawyers and is a member of the Employment and Labor Law Section of the American Bar Association and its Subcommittee on the Development of Law Under the NLRA.
Mr. Ryan is involved in many civic organizations and is on the Board of Advisors of the Good Shepherd Shelter, a shelter for abused women and children.
Timothy Ryan is recognized as a leading employment and labor lawyer by Chambers (2014), Best Lawyers in America (2011 – 2019), and Super Lawyers Magazine (2004 – 2019). The Daily Journal recognized him as one of California's Top 75 Labor and Employment Lawyers (2010 – 2013) and Mr. Ryan was identified as a "2013 Top Rated Lawyer in Labor & Employment Law" by Martindale-Hubbell and American Lawyer Media.
Two Partners Named to Daily Journal's Top Employment Lawyers List
Unsolicited e-mails and information sent to Morrison & Foerster will not be considered confidential, may be disclosed to others pursuant to our Privacy Policy, may not receive a response, and do not create an attorney-client relationship with Morrison & Foerster. If you are not already a client of Morrison & Foerster, do not include any confidential information in this message. Also, please note that our attorneys do not seek to practice law in any jurisdiction in which they are not properly authorized to do so.
©1996-2018 Morrison & Foerster LLP. All rights reserved.


text:
HAPI Management Consultancy Services Inc. is a full service management consultancy offering our clients a comprehensive list of products and services, which include consultancy both here in the Philippines for local commerce as well as for International clients and businesses.
We also extend our services to immigration both abroad and here in the Philippines. We specialize in marketing and advertising, helping you with information technology, supplying internet design and publications, helping to set up your call center business for example.
A one stop-shop and through our experience we have found that many of our past clients prefer to deal with one Company as opposed to running all over this vast metropolis called Manila to obtain their requirements.


text:
Former Resolution Agent Joey Stanton Joins CAA
Stanton also worked at Paradigm
Joey Stanton has joined CAA as an agent in the company's motion picture talent department.
Stanton was previously at Resolution, the start-up agency that recently shuttered its doors. Before that he was at Paradigm.
Among the clients joining Stanton are Caleb Landry Jones (Roland Emmerich's upcoming Stonewall), Sam Keeley (Ron Howard's upcoming In the Heart of the Sea), Glen Powell (Expendables 3, Richard Linklater's newest That's What I'm Talking About) and Daniel Henshall (Snowtown).
Read more Jeff Berg's Resolution Agency to Cease Operations (Exclusive)


text: At low tide, there's mud as far as the eye can see. At high tide this is all water. The semiplamated sandpiper migrates to the Bay of Fundy during August to feed on a very small mud shrimp about the size of a grain of rice. The females come first and eat thousands of these little shrimp during a 2 week period before they migrate to South America. The males come next for 2 weeks and then the chicks. They fly totally across the ocean before they land in South America.


text:
Star Trek Into Darkness (2013)
Movie Synopsis :
In Summer 2013, pioneering director J.J. Abrams will deliver an explosive action thriller that takes 'Star Trek Into Darkness.' When the crew of the Enterprise is called back home, they find an unstoppable force of terror from within their own organization has detonated the fleet and everything it stands for, leaving our world in a state of crisis. With a personal score to settle, Captain Kirk leads a manhunt to a war-zone world to capture a one man weapon of mass destruction. As our heroes are … More
Directed By: J.J. Abrams , Alan J. Abrams
Written By: Damon Lindelof , Alex Kurtzman , Roberto Orci
US Box Office: $228.8M
Runtime: 2 hr. 11 min.
Label: 2013, Action & Adventure, Family, Fantasy, Science Fiction & Fantasy


text:
*Note: viewing .pdf files requires Adobe Acrobat Reader, available for free from Adobe.
COC Minutes November 24, 2008
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COC Minutes November 29, 2007
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COC Minutes April 5, 2007
COC Minutes January 18, 2007
2006COC Minutes October 9, 2006
COC Minutes June 22, 2006
*Minutes from February 23 meeting are not available.
2005COC Minutes November 10, 2005
*COC attended a celebration on September 8 for the 5th Anniversary of BJP in lieu of a meeting.
*Minutes from March 17 meeting are not available.2004
COC Minutes September 30, 2004
COC Minutes August 31, 2004
COC Minutes May 13, 2004
COC Minutes January 29, 2004
2003COC Minutes October 21, 2003
COC Minutes August 14, 2003
*Minutes from the June 24 meeting are not available.
*Minutes from the April 10 meeting are not available.
COC Minutes January 21, 2003
2002COC Minutes November 14, 2002
COC Minutes July 15, 2002
*Minutes from April 29 meeting are not available.
COC Minutes January 24, 2002
COC Minutes October 25, 2001
COC Minutes July 26, 2001
COC Minutes May 8, 2001
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text:
Autumn 2016, Volume 3, Number 2
Special Issue: International Conference on Gender and Education: Critical Issues, Policy and Practice
- De-mythologising the Image of War Hero as Dominant Hegemonic Masculinity Constructed through ISAs, Covert Educational Institutions (With Special Reference to David Rabe's Sticks and Bones) Roya Yaghoubi
- Barriers and Enablers of Education Equality for Transgender Students Stephanie Burns, Ruth Leitch and Joanne Hughes
- Identity Formation and Negotiation of Freedom in Coeducational Language Schools in Iran Alyeh Mehin Jafarabadi
- The Gender Role in the Educational Empowerment of Migrant Families from Eastern Europe and Post-Soviet Countries Nina Ivashinenko and Valentina Shatalina
- Mafia Children: From Future to Past. Knowing Other Realities to Learn Freedom Rosella Marzullo
- Gender Disparity and Cultural Impacts on Girls' Education in Laos Inleusa Basengkham
Book reviews
- The Human Rights under State-Enforced Religious Family Laws in Israel, Egypt and India (by Sezgin Yuksel) Sinem Adar
- Work Rules! (by Laszlo Bock) Nimisha Bhatnagar
Download the full issue


text:
Reality Check
Do you know what this is a picture of? Take a guess. Hint: it has something to do with pet food. One picture is worth a thousand words. No judgment, just reality.
Provided by a friend…
This is a dump truck/trailer load full of a meat meal ingredient being delivered to a pet food manufacturing plant.
Similar deliveries of bulk ingredients are probably being unloaded at one or more pet food plants as you read this. The purpose of sharing this image is not to judge the quality of the ingredient (though not likely, this could be an image of the finest meat meal ingredient on the planet), the purpose of sharing this picture is for the reality of most pet food manufacturing to be known to all.
That 'meat' in the picture above could be the only meat ingredient in your pet food.
The 'meat' in the picture above has already been cooked once (and ground to a fine powder), next it will be cooked again during the extrusion process.
8,000 pound batches of pet food is a small batch of pet food.
I am not saying bulk pet food manufacturing is bad – I am saying these are the hard facts.
This is not what consumers think about, but it should be. It is the reality of mass produced food (human or pet).
Many thanks to the friend that sent TruthaboutPetFood.com this image.
Wishing you and your pet(s) the best,
Susan Thixton
Association for Truth in Pet Food
Pet Food Safety Advocate
Author Buyer Beware, Co-Author Dinner PAWsible
What's in Your Pet's Food?
Is your dog or cat eating risk ingredients? Chinese imports? Petsumer Report tells the 'rest of the story' on over 2500 cat foods, dog foods, and pet treats. 30 Day Satisfaction Guarantee. www.PetsumerReport.com
2013 List
Susan's List of trusted pet foods. Click Here
Have you read Buyer Beware? Click Here
Cooking for pets made easy, Dinner PAWsible
Find Healthy Pet Foods in Your Area Click Here
Related News
Yuk. How Awful. I refuse to feed my babies that crap.
We continue to post these findings on our pet wash bulletin board and work to educate our clients. Thanks for all the great info. It really helps us target and blog about these things. Hooray for you to report all this.
This is such a disgrace. I feed my little dog only food you approve of. Your "LIST" is a blessing and well worth the $10.00. Thank you for all you do for the welfare of our pets
that is why i feed and have fed raw for 10+ years..
Good for YOU!!!
As a breeder in Canada, of the Spinone Italiano, I can ONLY say positive things about the raw diet!! With what I have seen before when using bagged dog food to now the raw diet, it has made a tremendous different to my dogs and LITTERS!
I hear it all the time when I talk to people about them just losing their companion, crying because their dog just died of cancer and other ailments, When will they realize it is because of the crap they put inside the dogs body that THE ARE NOT MEANT TO EAT!!
Cooked. Then dried & ground into a powder. Then cooked again. No, I am comfortable with taking the position that much "bulk pet food manufacturing" is bad.
Food should not come in a dump truck, that seems pretty obvious! Wonder how many bugs and such are included as it looks pretty open to the world…
Many thanks to whoever provided this photo — seeing is believing.
I have already shared this information with readers of Truthaboutpetfood.jp. As Dr.Laurie Coger states, any foodstuff or ingredient should not be treated in this way, I mean under unsanitary conditions. Many pet owners in our country will be shocked by this unquestionable evidence. Let's work together to expose misdeeds in pet food industry. Beloved pets in our country are for the remarkable work of Susan and her supporters.
[…] Reality Check […]
[…] Do you know what this is a picture of? Take a guess. Hint: it has something to do with pet food. One picture is worth a thousand words. No judgment, just reality. This is in your pets food […]
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68 Coronet R/T
It's A Real 68 Coronet R/T . 440 Magnum, 727, Orig. 3.54 Dana 60 Car Now Has 4.10's, 69 Ramcharger Hood, P/s , 11 Inch Brks, Buckets, Console, Factory Tach, Orig. Color Was Med. Grn Met., Grn Vynil Top, Grn Int., No Stripe. I Spent 8 Years In The Army & Had My Fill Of That Shade Of Green, So I Changed It To F-6 Brt. Racing Grn.met. , White Stripe, White & Blk Int, Blk Scoops. It Was In Bad Shape When I Found It & It's Taken Parts From Over 60 B Bodies To Bring It Back. I've Had It For 11 Years Now & Have Managed To Put Over 40,000 Miles On It.it's The Most Reliable Car I've Ever Owned ! May Be It's Showing It's Thanks For Getting A 2nd Chance At Screaming Down The Road !! Mopar Or No Car !! Laray Mcguire , Wolfforth Texas


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Hotels & Accommodation in Tynaarlo
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Tynaarlo overviewWhatever your interests are, Tynaarlo has something for you. Tynaarlo might not have well-known attractions within the city, but you won't need to venture far to find top places to visit like Groninger Museum. You can take some time to discover the surrounding area and sights like Drents Museum and Hooghoudt Brewery.
Where to stay in TynaarloWhether traveling for business or leisure, Tynaarlo can comfortably accommodate all visitors. You can shop as many as 81 deals for Tynaarlo accommodations on Hotels.com, some with discounts of up to 30%. Our room prices start at 27 USD per night and below are the number of hotels by star rating in Tynaarlo as well as in the surrounding area:
- • 33 4-star hotels from 60 USD per night
- • 41 3-star hotels from 47 USD per night
- • 7 2-star hotels from 27 USD per night
How to get to TynaarloFly into Groningen (GRQ-Eelde), 3.2 mi (5.2 km) from central Tynaarlo.
What to see around TynaarloHere are some recommended places to see in the surrounding area:
- • Groninger Museum (9 mi/14.5 km from the city center)
- • Drents Museum (6.4 mi/10.3 km from the city center)
- • Hooghoudt Brewery (8.5 mi/13.7 km from the city center)
- • Euroborg (8.5 mi/13.8 km from the city center)
- • Grafisch Museum (8.8 mi/14.1 km from the city center)
When to visit TynaarloDo you want to know the ideal time of year to visit? Here's a list of the seasonal weather norms to help with trip planning:
Seasonal temperature averages
- • January-March: 51°F day, 30°F night
- • April-June: 68°F day, 37°F night
- • July-September: 71°F day, 47°F night
- • October-December: 60°F day, 34°F night
- • January-March: 6.69 inches
- • April-June: 6.06 inches
- • July-September: 10.43 inches
- • October-December: 7.99 inches