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..N'aw, but it sure is fun.
Making a twink, a true twink, is a time investment just like any other project that you set out to achieve in WoW. Sometimes the time investment is small, especially at lower levels, but sometimes it's a very long and sometimes even hard process. Just like farming for raid drops or doing arenas for PvP gear, you never know what kind of surprise obstacles or opponents you might have to face and RNG follows its own desires, bowing to no one.
My twinking bracket of choice has been level 19 from the first time I was introduced to the concept of twinking and non-world PvP in general. With the (fairly) recent addition of Free to Play accounts and the level 20 twinks that spawn from them as well as the changes to the PvP brackets to be split into 5-level spans rather than 10, I've found that I actually enjoy the 20-24 bracket even more than I do the 19.
Today I wanted to give you a quick glimpse at the 24 twinks that I've been working on this past week and also to talk about some of the challenges that you'll face in this particular bracket.
Securitygard, 24 Paladin
Current Stats
Spec: Protection
Health: 2063 (no buffs)
Mana: 920 (no buffs)
Prof 1: Mining 225
Prof 2: Skinning 73
Securitygard is currently my "main twink", the one I'm enjoying the most and have done the most farming with to obtain his gear. In that screenshot he's actually wearing his LFG gear, but a lot of the pieces are shared among the seven gear sets that he currently has.
I initially wanted him to be Holy, but something didn't quite feel right so I took him down the Protection tree instead. I'm currently working on a more heavily strength-based set of gear for him right now so that I can try him out as Retribution as well, but I'm definitely satisfied with the performance of Prot at the moment.
I'm pretty satisfied with the majority of his gear, except for the rings. Gnomer runs haven't been all that kind to him in the ring department thus far. I really hate the look of those green boots, so I'm looking forward to transmogrifying those away. With the exception of those Gnomer rings, the only thing that was hard about farming his gear was finding out where all the quests linked together in Duskwood to be able to open the quests that I needed for my gear.
The major challenges he's facing right now include: AGM trinket farming to replace Rune of Duty, and continued Gnomer farming for rings (2x Charged Gear of the Bear, +7 Stam, +6 Str).
Bubblebooty, 24 Priest
Current Stats
Spec: Holy
Health: 1673
Mana: 2795
Prof 1: Mine 225
Prof 2: Skin 225
Bubble was actually my first 24 Twink, which is why she's also the only one with maxed professions. I have farmed a good portion of her gear, but not all of it. I have been very impressed with her BG performance since I made the switch from Discipline to Holy. Discipline is a very powerful spec early on because of the stat scaling with the strength of Power Word: Shield and the relatively low burst damage classes are capable of, and Penance is a very versatile spell (not to mention one of the coolest looking/sounding animations in the game). However, Holy brings significantly stronger healing via talent points, a chance to proc free and instant Flash of Light casts, a 2 minute cooldown that instantly restores 30% of your health, and Holy Word: Chastise which is an instant cast that both deals damage and interrupts the target.
Gear is actually one of her biggest issues because deciding on which pieces are the best isn't as clear cut as most of the other classes. There's a pretty good balance in the available gear, which makes it hard to decided whether you want +2 Stam versus +1 Intellect versus +5 Crit, and so on.
She's had the same rotten luck in Gnomer that Securitygard has in regards to the Charged Gear rings. I would really like to get her a pair of the +6 Intellect, +7 Stamina rings out of there eventually. She's also in line for the AGM trinket, which unfortunately has a lot of competition on Durotan.
Cowchpotato, 24 Shaman
Current Stats
Spec: Resto
Health: 1543
Mana: 2115
Prof 1: Herbalism 59
Prof 2: Engineering 225
Cowchpotato is my most recent project, who I was prompted to level after seeing another Tauren Shaman in action. I really like the male Tauren's casting animations for some odd reason, so I bumped him up the chain ahead of Gutlikefish (Blood Elf Rogue). I'm still undecided right now whether I want to leave him as Resto or if I might be better off going with a DPS spec. I really like Resto, but at the same time it just feels like it moves too slow and is too weak in comparison to my other twinks. I'm going to give Elemental a shot next, and then I might see how mean I can make a two-handed Enhancement since I don't have decent weapons for him to dual wield.
Gear is once again a major concern, only this time there's a twist – enchants. Cowch is on a different server, which means that I don't have access to all of the enchants that I spent so long farming and buying on Durotan. I do have an enchanter there, and I have been farming for recipes on him as well, but I'm missing some pretty key enchants there. I also don't have access to more than just a handful of heirlooms, as you can see from the fact that I'm wearing a cloth robe instead of a leather/mail piece. I hate wearing off-suit gear when I know there's an equal or better option available. I'm farming honor for that on my 85 Druid, but I'm taking my time so I don't get burned out on farming.
The gear itself has been an issue for him too. Some of the items that I researched as being his best gear is listed in Wowhead as being available in the current patch, but I just cannot figure out where their chains start. I read up on all of the comments and did everything I found in there, but I still can't find the start for either his belt of his gloves.
Gnomeregan – City of Random Loot
If you're at all interested in twining in the 20-24 bracket, then Gnomer is one place you definitely want to keep an eye on. You F2P people out there don't have to worry about it since all of the boss drops require at least level 24. For the rest of you, Gnomer is where it's at. Here you'll find gear with some of the highest attribute totals, highest bonuses to secondary attributes, and some of the best On Use and proc abilities available in this bracket.
Most of the blue drops from Gnomer do have set attributes, and most of the more highly sought after drops here have a decent drop rate. However, some of the best gear from Gnomer are blues with random enchants, and one of those only drops from a rare spawn.
Random Enchants
Charged Gear Ring
Emissary Cuffs Bracers
The Charged Gear will be the most commonly farmed item here as most twinks are looking to get their hands on a pair of them. This ring always has +4 Arcane and Nature Resistances on it, and then the random enchant which can be anything from +10 to a single stat, to +6-7 to two stats, to +12 Dodge. Most players will look for balanced rings that give 6-7 Stamina and their primary attribute, though some classes (Rogues, Hunters, Mages) tend to lean towards +10 to their primary attribute.
The Emissary Cuffs are the leather gauntlets of choice for any class wearing them. These bracers always have 5 Arcane Resistance, plus their random enchant. The enchants available are basically the same as the Charged Gear, except that all of the values have been reduced by 1. Again, the "norm" is to look for a balanced enchant that offers +5-6 to Stamina and your primary attribute, with some exceptions made for those looking to max out their attack stat and/or their crit chance. Note that when you look at this item on Wowhead, it will only have two enchants listed by the item, but you can find the real list of available enchants in the comments section.
Bracket Challenges for 20-24
There are a few new challenges that you're going to face in the 20-24 bracket that you're probably not used to if you've been running 19's.
Interrupts is first on the list, because there are a lot of classes that have them now. If you're a caster, prepare to be interrupted. A lot. Rogues and Shamans are the most common source of this followed by Mages (who'll also Silence you) and Feral Druids, but you'll also get it from several other classes in the form of crowd control.
Which brings us to number two, Crowd Control. Rogues gain a slow (Crippling Poison), Shamans gain a slow (Frost Shock), and Warlocks get a charm (Succubus) and a talented AoE stun for Destro locks (Rain of Fire).
Increased Health Pools is both good and bad. You'll see average health pools of about 1,000 (give or take 200) in this bracket from all of the F2P accounts, about 1,500 from your average partial-twink or glass cannon build, and 2,000-3,000 from full twinks and those built around survival. If you're a damage dealing class/spec that doesn't have a whole lot of burst to your name then this can pose a real problem for you.
Premades are another real threat in this bracket. Because of the new focus on F2P twinks, people have started making level 24 Twink guilds to combat them. There's a bit of a spike of these twink guilds right now with the popularity of F2P, but there's a good chance it will die down over time. I'm not saying premades are common in this bracket, only that they're more common here right now than in 19's.
Carrying On
I'll continue to farm the items I need and the professions I've been slacking on for the three twinks that I mentioned here. I'm going to play around with the spec for a couple of them as well, just to make sure I'm playing the one that I enjoy the most for each of them. I'll probably have updates of some kind to share with you as I go along as well.
I have one more twink that I know for sure I'm going to roll, though I haven't decided on the class just yet. I want to go with either a Rogue, Hunter, or Feral Druid. I'm leaning mostly towards the Rogue, but both of the other two are appealing as well. What do you think? Rogue, Hunter, or Feral?
[Edit: Removed Skull Bash from the CC list, added it to the Interrupts list.]


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1:00 am
Living with Fragile X The documentary is meant to reveal a new view of those in our society that are traditionally considered "flawed" or "abnormal".It takes a rare and intimate look at the lives of several families who live with a member affected by fragile X syndrome, the leading cause of inherited mental disability and the leading known cause of autism. It explains what fragile X is and how it is passed, exposes the day-to-day challenges faced by those who have fragile X and reveals the frustrations of parents and their fears for what the future holds.G
2:00 am
Autism: Making It Work This program explores the growing needs of adolescents and young adults with autism. In 1991 the number of autism cases began to increas sharply, and that population is now exiting the school system to enter the general population.G
3:00 am
Invitation to World Literature "Candide" A satirical novel following the travails of Candide, a hopeless optimist whose faith in his tutor's mantra that his is "the best of all possible worlds" is tested beyond all limits. Volaire's challenge to the aristocracy of his day proves refreshingly amusing and biting today. Original illustrations, songs, and comic book figures plumb the depths of this satire. D
3:30 am
Invitation to World Literature "Things Fall Apart" In this foundational modern African novel, Chinua Achebe's story follows the lives of people trying to understand which belief systems deserve their loyalty. The protagonist, Okonkwo is a tribal leader who battles neighboring villages, the English, and his own demons in early colonial Nigeria. The perspectives of readers from around the world reveal the novel's universal themes. D
4:00 am
Mechanical Universe And Beyond, The "Vector Fields and Hydrodynamics" Force fields have definite properties of their own suitable for scientific study. D
4:30 am
Economics U$A "Supply and Demand" The California drought, the Arab oil embargo, and the designer jeans craze reveal the forces of supply and demand. D
5:00 am
NHK Newsline NULL
5:30 am
French In Action "Encounters I" On a beautiful spring morning, Robert sets off to explore the Latin quarter. It's his first day in Paris. Mireille, relaxing in the Luxembourg Garden, has an unwelcome encounter.G
6:00 am
Classical Stretch: The Esmonde Technique "Relieve Aches and Pains" NULL
6:30 am
Clifford's Puppy Days "The Halloween Bandit/An Honest Spin" The Halloween Bandit - When the dessert buffet is raided at the apartment building's annual Halloween party and havoc is wreaked by a small puppy, all the evidence points to Clifford. But the small red puppy is supported by his loyal animal friends and, of course, Emily Elizabeth. Using a bit of detective work, the animals unmask the real culprit - a stray little puppy that sneaked into the party. D
7:00 am
Arthur "Hic Or Treat/Mr. Alwaysright" Hic or Treat - D.W. gets a case of the hiccups that just won't go away. No matter how much advice she gets from Arthur and his friends, she just can't find the right cure. D
7:30 am
Martha Speaks "Td's Magic/Scaredy Cat" TD's Magic - TD has found the best birthday gift of all time for his cousin CD: He's going to put on a magic show at his party. He wants to really "wow" the crowd, so the bigger the trick, the better. But what happens when his magic gets out of control? Vocabulary: (E) feat, rational(ly), vanish, illusion, dubious (I) disappear, magic, appear, explanation, powers. D
8:00 am
Curious George "The Fully Automatic Fun Hat/Creatures of the Night" George wants to have a hat as fun as the Man with the Yellow Hat's yellow hat. George thought it was odd that all the food was gone from the bird feeder in a single night.G
8:30 am
Cat in the Hat Knows A Lot About That! "Aye Aye!/Trick Or Treat" Aye Aye! - Nick and Sally are making Halloween masks, but they want to make them really scary. Cat takes them to meet Aiya, the Aye Aye, in the forest of Spookywoowoo. Aiya shows them, that even though he may look scary - his big ears, huge eyes and long fingers help him to find food. D
9:00 am
Super Why! "The Ghost Who Was Afraid of Halloween" It's Halloween in Storybrook Village and Pig is so frightened, he won't go Trick or Treating with his friends! The Super Readers pay a storybook visit to Little Ghost, who's a bit of a scaredy cat himself, to teach him there's more to Halloween than meets the eye!. D
9:30 am
Dinosaur Train "Haunted Roundhouse/Big Pond Pumpkin Patch" Dad takes the kids on a special Night Train to Troodon Town, where the Troodons have decorated their Roundhouse into a "haunted house" for a spooky party. The kids end up meeting a strange new nocturnal creature - a mammal named Vlad Volaticotherium, who was hiding in the roundhouse trying to get some sleep. The Pteranodon family learns more about the customs of their neighbors, the Lambeosaurus family, when they are invited for the first time to accompany them to the Big Pond to celebrate "Gourd Day" - a kind of Mesozoic Halloween. D
10:00 am
Sesame Street "The Latinization of Marco" Gina is reading a book to Marco about the Spanish names for animals. Rosita asks what she is doing and Gina explains that since Marco was born in Guatemala where people speak Spanish, she would like him (and herself) to learn Spanish too. Rosita explains that there is so much more to learn and dashes off to get her guitar. D
11:00 am
Daniel Tiger's Neighborhood "Daniel's Babysitter/Daniel Goes to School" Daniel's Babysitter - Prince Tuesday comes to babysit Daniel Tiger while Mom Tiger and Dad Tiger go out dancing. As Daniel gets ready for bed, he misses his Mom and Dad, but Prince Tuesday reminds him that they will be back soon. And when Tigey goes missing right before bedtime, Daniel learns what a grr-ific babysitter Prince Tuesday is. D
11:30 am
Sid The Science Kid "Halloween Spooky Science Special" It's Halloween time and Sid and his friends have dressed up in the spookiest and scariest costumes possible. Sid is a bat with big fangs. May is a spooky black cat. D
12:00 pm
WordWorld "A Kooky Spooky Halloween/Sheep's Halloween Costume" A Kooky Spooky Halloween - The WordFriends get their share of scares the night before Halloween, when Pig sleepwalks and everyone thinks he's a ghost! Sheep's Halloween Costume - It's Halloween - Sheep's favorite day of the year. Sheep likes nothing more than to dress up, so she always goes out of her way to make herself a special costume. But what will she do when her WordFriends need pieces of her costume for their own costumes?. D
12:30 pm
Caillou "Fall Is in the Air" Autumn brings fresh cool air and fun surprises. Caillou and Rosie have a ball playing in the piles of fallen leaves in the backyard. Come October, Caillou and Dad make a jack-o-lantern, Grandma bakes her grandkids a pumpkin pie, and Caillou goes trick-or-treating as an astronaut. D
1:00 pm
Barney & Friends "Guess Who? and Sweet Treats" Guess Who?: BJ and Baby Bop decide to get Halloween celebrations underway with a costume party. But when it comes to picking costumes, Riff just can't decide! That night, as the festivities get underway, Riff makes a grand entrance proudly wearing a costume that suits him perfectly! Educational theme: Friendship. Sweet Treats: Barney and his friends go trick-or-treating in the park. D
1:30 pm
Thomas & Friends "Slow Down!" Wonky Whistle - Thomas is getting his whistle fixed at the Steam Works before he delivers animals to the Sodor Country Fair. He rushes out of the Steam Works before his whistle is fixed properly and it starts to make a strange sound. Thomas collects ducks, Katy the sheep dog and Farmer McColl's prize cow to take them to the fair. D
2:00 pm
Curious George "The Fully Automatic Fun Hat/Creatures of the Night" George wants to have a hat as fun as the Man with the Yellow Hat's yellow hat. George thought it was odd that all the food was gone from the bird feeder in a single night.G
2:30 pm
Martha Speaks "Td's Magic/Scaredy Cat" TD's Magic - TD has found the best birthday gift of all time for his cousin CD: He's going to put on a magic show at his party. He wants to really "wow" the crowd, so the bigger the trick, the better. But what happens when his magic gets out of control? Vocabulary: (E) feat, rational(ly), vanish, illusion, dubious (I) disappear, magic, appear, explanation, powers. D
3:00 pm
The Electric Company "Lost and Spaced" At the school science fair, Lisa and her Skeleckian friend Dax get shrunk down and trapped inside their project - a perfect model of the solar system!. D
3:30 pm
WordGirl "Tobey's Tricks and Treats/Escape Wham" Tobey's Tricks and Treats - After losing the costume contest at school, Tobey sets his Robots on a candy-stealing spree and vows to ruin Halloween. Becky and Violet (in her WordGirl costume) plot to save the holiday.and the city. D
4:00 pm
Wild Kratts "Secrets of the Spider's Web" When the creature adventuring Kratt Brothers take a nasty tumble, the Wild Kratts sets off on a mission to find and recreate one of the greatest of all biotech engineering secrets. Spider silk. D
4:30 pm
Cyberchase "Trick Or Treat" Hacker shows up at Motherboard Control Central. He pleads guilty to being the King of Chaos, but says he's sorry. He doesn't want to be a bad guy anymore. D
5:00 pm
Fetch! With Ruff Ruffman "Just Toying with Ruff" Harsha and Sammy become radio reporters and do a news piece on Brian Freeze while Noel and DJ invent a new Ruff Ruffman toy. D
5:30 pm
5:56 pm
NewsHour Promo NULL
6:00 pm
PBS NewsHour NULL
7:00 pm
Nature "Raccoon Nation" These crafty, clever omnivores have moved to town - Chicago, New York and Toronto, plus cities and towns across Idaho. With their busy little hands, they open doors, get into attics and raid secured trash cans. Using night-vision cameras and raccoon-proof radio collars, scientists set out to follow urban raccoons to observe their habits and lifestyles.G
8:00 pm
NOVA "Ghosts of Machu Picchu" NOVA joins a new generation of archaeologists as they probe areas of Peru's Machu Picchu that haven't been touched since the time of the Incas. They unearth burials of the people who built the site, and seek answers to origins of the city, high in the Andes and deserted by the time of the Spanish conquistadors. Recent work has uncovered new areas of the city and advanced new theories about it.G
9:00 pm
NOVA scienceNOW "Can I Eat That?" David Pogue, popular technology reporter for The New York Times, is the new host of this science magazine series. What are the secrets behind your favorite foods? Why are some treats -- like chocolate chip cookies -- delectable, while others -- like cookies made with mealworms -- disgusting? You might think you understand what makes something sweet, salty or bitter, but Pogue gets a taste of a much more complicated truth, as he ventures into labs and kitchens where everything from apple pie to Thanksgiving turkey to juicy grasshoppers is diced, sliced, dissected and put under the microscope. If scientists can uncover exactly what's behind the mouth-watering flavors and textures we take for granted every day, could they help us enjoy our food more -- without packing on the pounds?. D
10:00 pm
Hustle The gang is in shock - Mickey is conned. According to the age-old laws of grifting, when a grifter is conned, it means a run of bad luck follows. The team needs to do something to restore the balance. They research the company that conned Mickey, which leads them to a cocky and slimy businessman, and the team works on a plan to reel him in.G
11:00 pm
Charlie Rose NULL

subset: commoncrawl


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Conservation / restoration of the studied plasters
(Autumn 2012 – Summer 2014)
Phase two of the project will deal with implementing the necessary conservation procedures as well as conducting crucial aesthetically oriented restoration work.
Several works have fractures, cracks and broken-off parts. They need intensive conservational measurements. Of capital importance is the prevention of damages and loss of substance. It is therefore important that our work is accompanied by preventive conservation measures In practical terms, this involves asking ourselves what improvements can be made regarding storage and transport, so that damage can be avoided in the future.
Essential surface cleaning will, without no doubt, take off the huge amount of dust from the past decades, maybe also help to reduce unattractive stains of rust?
In just a few years we will know more!
The project should conclude with a major exhibition showing the sculptures that have been conserved and restored in context with the existing Alberto Giacometti Foundation collection.
Alberto Giacometti: Four-year evaluation and restoration project of Alberto Giacometti plasters
Project Phase 1: Art technological research
Progress report: October 2010 to April 2011
Definition of the main areas of research and systematization of work processes
Beginning of the investigative phase and outlook
Progress report April 2011 – April 2012
Progress report April 2012 – April 2013


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Posted on August 12, 2009
I get these calls all the time. The person has a book and doesn't want to donate it. It's too good to give away—probably. What is it worth?
Well, there are websites and there are books you can check, but the average caller can't spare time for those. What am I there for, anyhow?
So they add incentive. "It's really old and I think it's a first edition!"
We covered "really old" when I mentioned that book I had from 1521 that was valued at almost sixty bucks. Now about first editions. I prefer the people who say "I think it's a first edition" because they have already learned one of the sad lessons of book collecting: some books that say "first edition" aren't, and some books that don't say "first edition" are. But those words are magic, aren't they? "First edition" means cash on the barrelhead from the first intelligent bookdealer who sees the incantation. Correct?
We once had a donation of books from a lady who assumed I wouldn't know where to look (the copyright page: that's usually the back of the title page) and so she wrote, in permanent marker, "first edition" on the cover of every book. Now, notes in black ink on the cover of a book is NOT the best way to enhance the value of a collectible. But let's get to the core of the matter. I have forgotten, at this juncture, who first pointed it out to me, but it's the first rule you need to know about first editions. I will put it in bold, the better to impress it on your memory.
Every book ever printed had a first edition.
It just stands to reason. If it never had a first edition, it wouldn't be a book. And, if you extend this logically, there are probably more first edition titles out there than any other kind, since so many books never make it to a second edition. Get the point? There are lots and lots of first editions. So let me put this next bit in italics
If you have the first edition of a book nobody cares about, the fact that it's a first edition will not add fifty cents to the resale value.
Now it is true, with a book someone cares about, USUALLY the first edition is the most valuable (by the way, you want a first PRINTING of the first edition while you're at it, but let's discuss that some other time.) But it is also true that there are books where the later edition is preferred by collectors, even excluding from this discussion people who want the most up-to-date copy of a book for reference purposes.
There's one book for which the second edition is valued at roughly ten times as much as the first edition, simply because in the second edition actual photographs were substituted for the line drawings used in the first edition. See, some interior designers thought it might be helpful to redesign a basic piece of, er, bathroom equipment, and they did a lot of time-motion studies of how people…that is, they wanted to see exactly what direction….
Okay, so maybe the book isn't being bought by lovers of interior design or fine printing. The fact is that the second edition sells for a much higher price than the first edition. That's enough for today, pupils. We'll continue this discussion of first editions another time. (Is my face flushed?)


text: This page lists the top songs of 1970 in the source charts. The way that the various charts are combined to reach this final list is described on the in the site generation page. A list of the hit albums of 1970 is also available.. This list has also been compared to the results for North America and Europe. There is also a set of monthly tables showing the various number ones on any date during 1970. A list of the most distinctive songs of 1970 (that is the hits that only charted in one place) has been calculated.


text:
Hinckley Noise Survey Reports by IOA registered Acoustician and Noise Consultants providing Noise Impact Assessments at a low cost.
Telephone: 0800 772 0431As noise consultants we provide noise survey and monitoring services as well as solutions to control the spread of noise or vibrations. Hinckley Planning Noise Survey Report This includes a noise assessment report for building development application, change of use or retrospective planning approval for installed plant or equipment. We keep the noise survey cost low so that a noise assessment doesnt cost an arm and a leg. The standards that can be applied include;
- BS4142 Noise Assessment
- BS8233 for residential, Industrial & Office Noise
- PPG24 where no alternative is available,
- BS5228 for Environmental Noise
- BB93 For noise in school and educational facilities
- wind farm noise assessment
- Railway Noise
- Aircraft Noise
- Road Traffic Noise
- Environmental Noise and Vibration
- Noise at Work (To HSE standards). Our work place noise assessment provides you with a measure of your employees daily dose and is suitable for insurance companies. We provide you with a noise map of your workplace and we can help you select theright hearing protection for your staff. We provide training to your staff to help them understand their reponsibility andthe importance of wearing hearing protection.
- Entertainment and Leisure noise from concerts and events.
- Noise and vibration monitoring at factories, construction sites, quarries, mines and oil rigs.
Telephone: 0800 772 0431


text:
2019 Concerts and Events at Fremont Country Club, Las Vegas NV - Fremont Country Club Tours, Schedule and Tickets
Fremont Country Club venue events tickets 2019, Search up on all upcoming Fremont Country Club events schedule 2019 and get Fremont Country Club venue tickets for the best seats at a very affordable cost
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MAC Make Up Kit 03 (Made In Canada)-58gm.
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MAC Make Up Kit 03 (Made In Canada)-58gm.
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HONESDALE- Honesdale's annual Santa Parade will take place, Friday, Nov. 23, starting at 6 p.m. beginning at Main and Fourth Streets. The show will proceed up Main Street, turn right onto Tenth Street and end at Honesdale's Central Park.
Following the parade, there will be activities in Central Park, co-sponsored by 95.3 DNH and Classic Hits 105.3 who will light the star on Irving Cliff, the lighting of the Christmas Tree in the park and Christmas Carols.
Courtesy of Ellen Memorial Health Care Center there will be refreshments available.
Craft vendors will line Main Street near the pavilion on Sat., Nov. 24. People will have the opportunity to enjoy an old fashioned horse drawn carriage ride, which will depart from the corner of Main and 10th Streets, in front of the First National Community Bank, from noon to 5:00p.m.
Santa and his pal Rudolph will be strolling the streets or riding on the carriage.
There will victorian strollers promenading the streets with the Honesdale High School chorus singing carols on Main Street.
Children are invited to make Christmas cards under the instruction of local artist Lisa Macchia-Ohliger from 1l a.m. to 2 p.m. At the Wayne County Arts Alliance, 812 Main Street.


text:
The responsible campus: toward a new identity for the church-related college
Division of Higher Education, United Methodist Church, 1972 - Education - 168 pages
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The Dilemma of the ChurchRelated College
Crisis of Identity
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text: South Bend Tribune Founded in 1872 by Alfred B. Miller and Elmer Crockett, The SOUTH BEND TRIBUNE (USPS 501 980) is published every morning in the Tribune Building, 225 W. Colfax Avenue, South Bend, Indiana 46626. MONTHLY HOME DELIVERY RATES Daily and Sunday $15.60 Discounts up to 13% off are available to home delivery subscribers who pay annually or enroll in our EZ Pay payment program. An annual payment with the 13% discount is $162.00. A monthly payment using the EZ Pay payment program is $13.50. For more information or subscription options, please call 574 235-6464 or 800 220-7378. POSTMASTER: Send address changes to the South Bend Tribune, South Bend, IN 46626


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Recently, I received a call from someone from the Butler County Treasurer's office. This person was calling me because I had not sent in my $10.90 for two dog licenses, and it is now May.
She said she was preparing to give my name to a dog warden, and that he would come and fine me for having unlicensed dogs.
I have had dogs since 1982, a lot of them, and have always paid for their licenses. The last few years, I have been late in paying — as I am retired, and struggle with the increased costs of everything.
I told her that I would send the county the money, but I also gave her a piece of my mind.
Is the county so strapped for money that they pay someone to sit in front of a computer, look for unpaid dog licenses, and make threatening calls?
We have 12 million illegal Mexicans living in the United States, without Social Security numbers, paying few taxes, having no driver's license, no insurance and sometimes committing other unlawful acts.
But the rest of us, who pay all the bills, pay all the taxes, obey every dumb law they enact, must have our dog license right up to date or they are coming after us.


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6:00 am
NOVA "Smartest Machine On Earth" This film profiles Watson, an IBM supercomputer, which competed against two "Jeopardy!" champions to prove its ability to mimic the human thought process. The film goes behind the scenes at IBM to provide a firsthand look at the technological feats and hurdles to develop Watson and the challenges artificial intelligence (AI) researchers face.G
7:00 am
Rick Steves' Europe "Berlin: Resilient, Reunited, and Reborn" Rick climbs the Reichstag's new glass dome, visits a modern-day caberet and tastes chocolate in the eastern sector.G
7:30 am
Smart Travels - Europe with Rudy Maxa "Salzburg and the Lakes District" Rudy visits the city's grand cathedral, takes a funicular to a medieval fortress and shows the Baroque streets.G
8:00 am
The Desert Speaks "Beyond The Asphalt Part 1" Just off the highway there are a plethora of adventures awaiting the exploratory traveler. Host David Yetman heads west of Tucson to visit some of these undiscovered places. After visiting the largest dune field in the United States, we head to Yuma for a hot air balloon ride and a walk through "the hell-hole of Arizona," the Arizona Territorial Prison. D
8:30 am
Ciao Italia "Classic Tuscan Dishes/I Piatti Classici Toscani" Mary Ann takes her Tuscany tour students under her wing to teach them the fine are of Tuscan cooking, starting with the all-time favorite, Fresh Pappardelle with Rabbit, Mushrooms, and Wine. No Tuscan meal would be complete without its unique, Bird-Style Beans. And to whet the appetite, Salted Pizza Bites. D
9:00 am
Taste of History "Three Women" Three seminal cookbooks are the inspiration for Chef Walter's 18th Century American recipes: Mary Randolph's "Stuffed Veal Breast," Hannah Glasse's "Braised Veal Heart and Martha Washington's Excellent Cake. D
9:30 am
Simply Ming "Azores: Eduardo Reis" Ming heads for the islands on this very special episode of Simply Ming. Traveling to the Azorean island of Terceira, Ming cooks with a celebrated local chef and learns the history of the very popular dish called Alcatra which is baked in a traditional Azorean wood oven. Influenced by the Portuguese discoverers in the 15th century, this dish is made with fish or beef cooked slowly in a clay pot with bacon, onion, and local spices. D
10:00 am
Christina "Sweet Seductions" We all love dessert, but we all hate the toll it can take on our heath and waistlines. What if I told you that you could have your cake (or cookies, pie, cupcakes, cheesecake) and eat it, too? You can with just a little tweaking of ingredients. Join me as we surrender to sweets. D
10:30 am
Martha Stewart's Cooking School "Frying" The best fried foods are golden brown on the outside and deliciously tender within - never greasy or soggy. Yet frying is a technique that can elude even the most ambitious home cook. In this episode, Martha offers lessons in how to deep-fry and pan-fry to perfection in your own kitchen. D
11:00 am
Austin City Limits "The National/Band of Horses" Representing the cream of underground rock, The National plays songs from its recording High Violet and Band of Horses highlights its latest album Infinite Arms.G
12:00 pm
Sesame Street "Lifting Snuffy" Zoe choreographed a special dance, "The Dance of the Six Swans," that she would like her friends to perform. She asks everyone to pair up for the 'lift' part of the dance, but they're missing one person, so they ask Alan to join the dancers. He is partnered with Snuffy who says it's been a dream of his to be lifted into the air like a swan. D
1:00 pm
Dinosaur Train "Dinosaur Train Submarine: Shoshana Shonosaurus/All Kinds of Families" The Pteranodon family goes under the sea again, to ride the Dinosaur Train Submarine - this time they go to meet Shoshana Shonisaurus, an enormous marine reptile that's something between a dolphin and a whale. Since Shoshana loves to dive down very deep, Shiny has a problem with following her down to the bottom of the sea. Shoshana kindly helps Shiny get over her fear of diving deep. D
1:30 pm
Super Why! "The Comic Book: Attack of the Eraser" Whyatt and his friends are playing kickball in the park when Wolfy erases the score! The super readers fly into a new kind of reading material - a comic book - called "Attack of the Eraser" to track down the diabolical Eraser who's causing trouble in Reader Valley. Will Super Why and his friends be able to stop Eraser from wiping out all of the words in Reader Valley - or have they finally met their match?G
2:00 pm
Cat in the Hat Knows A Lot About That! "The Surprising Bean/Hear Here" The Surprising Bean - Nick keeps trying to surprise Sally, but he just can't do it! The Cat takes them to find a real surprise in the Skippylarito Fields! Once there, Cat shows them a special bean - that suddenly moves! With a shrunken Thingamajigger, they go inside the bean and meet the moth larvae that lives there. They learn that it's really the moth that causes the bean to move. What a neat surprise indeed! Hear Here - The kids hear chirping but can't find where it's coming from. D
2:30 pm
Wild Kratts "Race for the Hippo Disc" When Chris and Martin accidentally lose a Power Disc on the African savannah, the Wild Kratts goes into crisis mode to find the disc before it gets into the hands of Zach Varmitech. D
3:00 pm
Dialogue for Kids "Bears" Bears are large mammals with sharp claws and shaggy fur. Joan Cartan-Hansen and her guests, Evin Oneale and Gregg Losinski from the Idaho Department Of Fish And Game, answer students' questions about bears.G
3:30 pm
Rick Steves' Europe "Rome: Back-Street Riches" Rick explores back lanes and unheralded corners of the city. He ventures into the crusty Trastevere district, visiting the Jewish Ghetto, and enjoying art treasures in a string of rarely visited churches as he uncovers charms of hidden Rome.G
4:00 pm
Song of the Mountains Beachley & Scott. D
5:00 pm
PBS NewsHour NULL
6:00 pm
Great Performances at the Met "Otello" Verdi's Shakespearean masterpiece returns to the Met with Johan Botha in the title role opposite soprano Renee Fleming as Desdemona. Semyon Bychkov conducts. D
9:00 pm
Garrow's Law As season two begins, Garrow's friend and mentor, attorney John Southouse, is grappling with inner demons and Lady Sarah returns unexpectedly to London with her infant son. Liverpool Assurance Company wants Garrow to prosecute the owners of a slave ship for the value of 133 slaves who were thrown overboard when water ran low aboard ship. Meanwhile Sarah is threatened with ruin by her husband and wants help from Garrow.G
10:00 pm
Garrow's Law Garrow takes on a case that both fascinates and repels the people of London. Meanwhile Sir Arthur Hill employs James Farmer, a cynical, clever and calculating attorney, to proceed in his vendetta against Garrow and Sarah.G
11:00 pm
Great Performances at the Met "Otello" Verdi's Shakespearean masterpiece returns to the Met with Johan Botha in the title role opposite soprano Renee Fleming as Desdemona. Semyon Bychkov conducts. D


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BISC 111/113:Statistics and Graphing
- 1 Making a Pie Chart in Excel 2008
- 2 Making a Column Graph in Excel 2007 (Windows Vista)
- 3 Making a Column Graph in Excel 2008 (Mac)
- 4 Making a Column Graph in JMP
- 5 Making a Linear Regression in Excel
- 6 Making an XY Scatter Graph in Excel
- 7 Image Processing in iPhoto and Photoshop
- 8 Making a Multi-Panel Figure
- 9 Statistical analysis: t-test in JMP
- 10 Statistical analysis: One-way ANOVA in JMP
- 11 Statistical analysis: Two-way ANOVA in JMP
Making a Pie Chart in Excel 2008
- Open a new workbook page in Excel 2008.
- Enter your Category and Number data in Column A and Column B, respectively.
- Highlight both category and number data, but not the column labels. To generate a graph, chose "Charts" and then "Pie" from the Menu bar directly above the workbook. Then select the pie chart format you prefer. The farthest left option is both simple and clear, and generates both the chart and its legend, as in the image below.
Making a Column Graph in Excel 2007 (Windows Vista)
1) Once you have a spreadsheet of raw data, make a new summary table in the Excel sheet (as shown below) for ease of graphing. Create one row with heading titles, a second row for the means, and a third row for the SD calculations.
2) Calculate the mean of each group (Data Set A and B) using the AutoSum function located under the "Home" tab on the right-hand side.
a. In the summary table, click on the empty cell in which you want the first calculated mean to be displayed. Then select "average" from the AutoSum drop down menu.
b. Next, highlight a single column of raw data to be averaged and hit return. The mean should now be displayed in your summary table.
3) To begin graphing, click on the "Insert" tab at the top of the toolbar. Then highlight the first two rows of your summary table including column titles and the row with means. Next, click on the image of the "Column" graph under the 'Charts' box below the main toolbar. Then choose the 2D column graph image.
4) Your graph should automatically appear, but you will need to edit the finalized graph in the following ways:
a. Add error bars representing SD (Standard Deviation) b. Label both axes (include proper units) c. Remove the title from the top d. Remove the grayscale background e. If needed, choose patterns for each column so it is easy to read the legend (i.e., different colors all look grey on a printout)
5) To make these changes, highlight your graph by clicking on it. This should display the Chart Tools Layout tab under which you will see the following options:
a. Go to the Analysis section of tools on the right and select 'Error Bars'. Scroll down to 'More Error Bar Options', then select 'Both' under Display Direction, End Style as 'Cap', and 'Custom' for Error Amount.
b. Click on the 'Specify Amount' button, and a window pops up with an entry for both positive and negative error values (see below). In each entry window, go and highlight the row of SD values, and click 'OK'. Your SD values should now correspond with their respective means as error bars.
c. Next, click on 'Chart Title' in the 'Labels' box and select 'None'. This will remove the default title. You do not want any title printed on the graph itself.
d. Under 'Axis Titles', you can label the axes. Just drop down the menu to select from Title, Horizontal, and Vertical axis and enter/edit the text on the graph. Remember to include units where appropriate.
e. Once you are happy with the graph, highlight it, then copy and paste into Word where you'll finish it off with an appropriate caption below.
The caption should summarize the data in the figure and verbally describe only "what" is shown in the figure, but not "why" you may be seeing a particular pattern. Any interpretation of the data is saved for the discussion section of a report.
Making a Column Graph in Excel 2008 (Mac)
1) Once you have calculated your means and standard deviations (SD) in JMP (see JMP tutorial for instructions), open up a new Excel spreadsheet and save it to the desktop.
2) First, create a summary table of the data you want to graph. One row will contain the column headings for each experimental group of data. Create one row for the mean values and the next row for the standard deviation values (SD's) that will be represented as the error bars.
3) To begin graphing, first highlight only the first 2 rows of your summary table including column titles (Strain A, Strain B, Strain C, and Strain D) and the row with means. (Do not highlight the SD row, as we will add the SD as error bars later.)
4) Next, click on the 'Charts' tab below the main toolbar. Then select the Column graph tab.
5) Your graph should automatically appear:
6) Next, you will need to add your SD values as error bars corresponding to their respective means.
a. Double click on one of your columns on the graph and a 'Format Data Series' window will pop up.
b. From the menu on the left, select 'Error Bars' and then select Display 'Both' and add 'Cap' for the End Style.
c. Under error amount, select 'Custom' and then click on 'Specify Value'. This will open a new window for Custom Error Bars. In the 'Positive Error Value', clear the window, then highlight the entire row of SD values in your summary table. Do the same for the 'Negative Error Bar' and then click 'Okay'.
d. You should now have both +/- SD as error bars for each mean.
7) Edit the finalized graph to label the axes, remove the default title, etc. to meet the standards for a properly formatted graph. (See the Science Writing section for guidelines.)
a. Open the 'Toolbox' on the main toolbar. In the Toolbox window, click on the 'Formatting Palette' icon on the far left (it has a capital A).
b. Under 'Chart Options', you can label the axes. Just drop down the menu to select from Title, Horizontal, and Vertical axis and enter/edit the text on the graph. You can also highlight the default title and click delete to remove it.
c. Colors: Please note that assignments are handed in as black and white printouts. Thus, color differences alone will not illustrate different groups represented on one graph. If you have mutiple groups that are not individually labeled on the y-axis (as shown here), be sure to add a legend and choose fill patterns that will differentiate between the columns.
d. Once you are happy with the graph, highlight the blue edge of the graph, then copy (Command + C) and paste (Command + V) into Word where you'll finish it off with an appropriate caption.
Making a Column Graph in JMP
1) Go to Graph > Chart > Select your categorical variable as your X level, and any of the continuous variables as your Statistics > pull down the Statistics menu.
2) Select Mean > OK.
3) Under Chart menu (pull down the red arrow) on your new graph, select Y options > Std Error Bars.
4) You can clean it up by fixing axis labels and removing non-essential legends.
5) To copy into Word, use the white cross in the JMP menu to highlight what you want > copy and Paste. It may be easier to add your caption in Word since you can change the font, use italics etc.
Making a Linear Regression in Excel
1) Create a summary table with each variable you would like to graph in its own column. In this case, we are looking at time vs. plant weight (g).
2) Highlight the cells you want to graph (time on the x axis). Select the Chart tab from the menu, and select 'XY Scatter'.
3) This should display a scatter graph.
4) Next you will add a trendline. Select Chart: Add trendline.
a. In this window click Options and check display equation on chart and display R2 value on chart.
b. This gives you the line equation including the slope and a measure of how well the data fit the line (R2).
Use the absolute value of the slope for your calculation.
5) If you need to add another series of data to the same graph, in the Select Data Source window, click on the 'Add' button which adds a new series of data to your graph then select the new data set in the y-values window.
Making an XY Scatter Graph in Excel
1) Create a summary table with each variable you would like to graph in its own column. In this case, we are looking at time vs. VO2 (L/min).
2) Highlight the dependent variable you want displayed on the y-axis. In this case, VO2 (L/min). Then select the Chart tab from the menu, and select 'XY Scatter' and then 'Straight Marked Scatter' (the line connected with dots).
3) This should display a scatter graph with the correct units on the y-axis but an incorrect default x-axis. 4) Now you must specify the x-axis values, in this case, time (minutes). First, highlight the graph so the border shows up in blue. Then go up to the very top menu bar and select 'Chart' then select 'Source Data' from the drop down menu.
5) Here you can see the data series for your y-axis is already entered. Click on the window for the X values, then go back to your data and highlight all the values in your time (min). Then click on OK in the Select Data Source Window. Your graph should now show the correct scale for both your x and y-axes. 6) Now you can properly label your axes and edit your graph.
7) If you need to add another series of data to the same graph, (e.g., a plot of VO2 values for a second subject, in the Select Data Source window, click on the 'Add' button which adds a new series of data to your graph. Then you must specify both x and y-values like you did for the first scatter plot.
Image Processing in iPhoto and Photoshop
Processing Images in iPhoto
Photos taken with a digital camera need to be reduced to kb size to use in your Word docs. Changing image size and/or cropping your image can accomplish this. The minimal steps included in this document should produce a good quality image but for more extensive help please refer to the Wellesley College Computing website. Here you will find directions for downloading software, such as Photoshop, as well as directions for using it to edit your digital photos. The link for PCs (search under P for Photoshop after getting to the page) is [1] and for Mac OS operating systems it's [2].
If working in iPhoto: 1) Open the image in iPhoto by double clicking on it.
2) Go to Photos: Photo info and note the current size of your picture. You need to reduce the image to kb size to avoid filling mailboxes with their quota when you try to email your photos or your documents.
Below the image is the edit icon.
3) Click on edit: Notice your picture will reframe with new icons.
4) Click on Crop and cut out the section of the picture you want.
5) Check Photos: photo info – if you are now in kb (not Mb), you can use this photo.
6) Click on effects or any of the other options to try to improve the clarity of your image.
7) If you are satisfied with the photo: export it to the desktop and use this version.
8) If the image is still too large, use the icons on the lower right. Clicking email will open this window:
9) Use the drop down menu and select small.
10) Select small and save the picture.
Processing Images in Photoshop
Photoshop provides more options for improving your photo and it is on the lab computers. After downloading to iPhoto on the macs in the lab, select the images you wish to modify and drag them to a desktop or to a folder with your initials. Be sure to trash your photos after you select and email the final version to the conference.
1) Open Photoshop and within Photoshop use File: Open. Browse for your image.
2) Go to Image: Image size: and notice the size and resolution of the image.
3) This picture is still too large. Notice it is 1.69M. You can change the size of your picture in several ways, but crop it first. Be sure the rectangle tool is highlighted.
4) Outline the area you wish to keep and select Image: Crop.
5) Once you have the area you wish to keep, click on Image: Adjustments: Auto color to see if the computer can enhance the image for you. You can also adjust color on your own Image: Adjustment: levels. Once you are happy with the area and color save the image
6) Recheck the image size, most likely it will still be too large.
7) To reduce the size, start by changing the image width and height, this will provide you with a way to keep images similar in size. The shape of each cropped image is important; similarly sized images will make a more attractive figure.
8) If your image is still too large, you can change the resolution. Usually a resolution of about 100 will bring a cropped image to a reasonable size (kb).
Making a Multi-Panel Figure
In a scientific paper composite figures provide pictorial information on the organisms studied, the methods and equipment used, and the results summarized in graphs. For example, the figure above illustrates an experiment on photosynthesis performed in different plant species using a Qubit CO2 gas analyzer.
In lab you will take photomicrographs of leaves and organize them in a multi-panel figure. The example above is just one of the ways you can arrange the photographs.
A simple way to produce a figure with multiple panels is to use PowerPoint. The guidelines below outline the main steps. These apply to various operating systems of PCs and Macs and to various versions of PowerPoint. To find out specific information do not hesitate to Google a query such as "Resize pictures in PowerPoint Windows". Note that you do not need to use Photoshop to change image size if you perform step 4 below.
1. Save the drawings, photographs or graphs you wish to incorporate in your multi-panel figure on your desktop or in a folder.
2. Open a PowerPoint slide.
3. Go to Insert > Picture > From file, and select the first picture you want to add. You can also paste pictures.
4. Resize. You can specify image size in all versions of PowerPoint. In Microsoft PowerPoint 2004 for Mac, double click on the picture. A window opens entitled "Format Picture". You need to click on the arrows on the right of "Height" or "Width" (see below) to adjust the size. Make sure that "Lock aspect ratio" is selected. A resized, smaller picture might disappear from view but will be found on the screen in the upper left corner. Drag it back on the slide. In PowerPoint 2008 for Mac, double click on the picture to display a window entitled "Format Picture" with "Size" in the left column menu. In PowerPoint 2010 for Windows7 Enterprise, right click to open window showing "Size and Position".
5. Edit picture. Look for: View > Formatting Palette > Picture. You can crop, flip images, change brightness and contrast, and add scale bars, arrows, and labels.
6. Proceed in the same way with all the images you want to integrate in your composite figure. If you line up several photographs in rows and columns it might be useful to select the same height and width for each of them. You can also adjust the size of a picture by dragging its corner. Important: Be sure to present graphs large enough for all labels to be clear and legible.
7. Group all the elements of your composite figure and Save as Picture: Go to Edit > Select all. Go to File > "Save as" a .png or .jpg file on your desktop. On a Mac you have the possibility to adjust the dots per inches (dpi) or the size of the composite picture by clicking on "Options..."
8. Exit PowerPoint. Your .png or .jpg file is likely to be less than 500 KB and thus can be easily integrated in a Word document. You can check the size of your file using "Get info" in Mac, and "Properties" in PC.
9. Open the Word document with the text of your paper and insert your composite picture in the appropriate location. To achieve that step, go to: Insert > Picture > From file
10. Add a legend to your figure (see "Results" in Science Writing Guidelines).
Statistical analysis: t-test in JMP
t-Test and One-Way Anova
T-Test, Comparing Two Means using JMP 7
1) When you first open the JMP program, a 'JMP Starter' window will appear as below. Select 'New Data Table' and a new table called 'untitled.jmp' will open. Go to 'File' and select 'Save As' to save your file.
2) Now you must decide how to organize your data. In this example, there are two variables: Beetle Strain and # of Adult Beetles. Thus, you will need two separate columns.
a. To add a column, double click to the right of Column 1. This will create a second column. (Repeat this step if more columns are needed.)
b. To label the columns and define the type of data they contain, double click directly on the 'Column 1' heading in the table. This will open a new window:
c. Label the first column heading 'Strain' to represent the type of beetle strain (A, B, C, or D). Under 'Data Type', you must specify whether the data in this column is numerical or character (letters). Since you are representing 'Strain' by a letter designation, select 'Character' as data type. Then click 'OK'.
d. Repeat this process for column 2. Remember that in column 2 we are representing # of adult beetles. What data type are these? Be sure to specify under 'Data Type'.
3) Once the columns are assigned, you can now enter your data. Simply click on a cell and enter the appropriate values. The completed table should resemble this:
4) In order to compare means in JMP, you must select 'Analyze' from the top menu bar, and then select 'Fit Y by X'.
5) This opens a new window as below. First, highlight '# Adult Beetles' in the 'Select Columns' box on the left. Next, click the 'Y, Response' button. The # of adult beetles is considered to be the response (or dependent) variable since the number of adult beetles in a population depends on whether they are from Strain A or Strain B. Then, highlight 'Strain' and click on the 'X, Factor' button since strain is the fixed (or independent) variable, indicating it is the predetermined variable in our experimental design.
Note: If you incorrectly assign factor and response variables, simply highlight the column title in the 'X, Factor' or 'Y, Response' windows and click the 'Remove' tab on the right.
6) Click 'OK', and a new output window will open with a scatterplot of both Strain A and Strain B. You will see a small red triangle above the plot, which is the dropdown menu for many analysis options.
7) Click on the red triangle, and select 'Means/ANOVA/pooled t' from the menu to run the t-test. Please note that the 'Means/Anova/Pooled t' option will only appear if only two variables are being compared (e.g., strains A and B). If you have all four variables in one JMP spreadsheet (A, B, C, and D), that option is not available. You must either create a subset table with only the two groups you wish to compare (by highlighting the two sets of data you wish to compare, then go under 'Table: subset') or reorganize your data with only two groups per JMP spreadsheet as directed above.
8) This will generate multiple sets of output (as seen on the next page), but there are only a few factors we need for reporting our t-test results.
Under the 't Test' heading (assuming equal variance), we are interested in the 't Ratio' (which is the tstat or your hand calculated tcalc), 'DF' or degrees of freedom, and 'Prob> |t|' which is the P-value. For graphing, we are also interested in the means +/-SD (or SE) reported in the bottom table. (See the Graphing Means in this file for details on graphing and how to incorporate figures into a scientific paper.)
You can copy and paste whole tables or individual cells from JMP to Excel and Word and edit them. This will be useful for graphing in Excel. Click on the white plus sign in the 'Tools' window and then select the table or cells you wish to copy. Then you can copy and paste and edit in excel or word.
Suppose you have a data set with more than two groups but you only want to compare two. You can accomplish this by making a subset table using your large data set and performing a t-Test. NOTE: A t-TEST assumes only 2 groups are being compared.
To select a subset of your data: Suppose you wanted to compare Sunflower and Rhoeo in the light for this data set:
Highlight only the data for the two plants:
Then use Table: Subset
You can then proceed as for any t-test.
Statistical analysis: One-way ANOVA in JMP
One Way ANOVA JMP One Way ANOVA for comparing the means of more than two samples using JMP
ONE-WAY ANOVA - when your experimental set-up has multiple (> 2) levels of one experimental factor. You may think that doing many t-tests to compare all possible pairs of means would be a good approach, but so doing would increase the risk of concluding a significant difference when none actually exists. (In the statistical lexicon, you would be committing a Type I error.)
Enter the data into a JMP data sheet as shown below: Note that replicates for each type of flour are indicated by identical names – THIS IS VERY IMPORTANT.
Once your data are entered: • Under the Analyze menu, select Fit Y by X • The value that you "set" is the independent variable. This variable belongs on the X axis. In this case the categorical (or nominal) variable is the selected flour types. Set this as your X value. • The dependent (numerical) variable is what you measure, and in this example would be the number of adults. Set this continuous variable as your Y value. • Click on OK and you will see a graph something like this:
Here your raw data are plotted by factor or treatment level (type of flour).
• Pull down the red arrow in the upper left-hand corner and select Means, ANOVA. This following screen will appear:
To test differences between pairs of means, back at the red arrow Select: Compare Means, then all-Tukey HSD. You will see the following print-out:
A good reference site on ANOVAs and experimental design hosted by Valerie Easton and John H. McColl will help you understand the ANOVA. Visit this site at http://www.stats.gla.ac.uk/steps/glossary/anova.html#expdes
In some experimental or observational situations you may be investigating two (or more) factors that may be influencing results (light and temperature, e.g). In this case, a two-way ANOVA may be appropriate. Two one-way ANOVAs that separately examine the two factors can also be conducted, but this approach is less efficient than the two-way approach, and also does not permit examination of a possible interaction between factors (e.g., synergism). This is an issue in the transpiration lab. A significant interaction indicates that the response to one factor depends on which level of the other factor is specified. The separate one-way approach would completely miss this important result; the presence of interaction negates the utility of this simpler approach to understanding a multi-factorial experiment.
The data will be entered into JMP as below: The blue shaded cells are the plants in the light, while the unshaded are the plants in the dark conditions. To perform a one-way ANOVA you must create a subset of the data:
To perform a one-way ANOVA on these data you must separate the plants in the light from the plants in the dark or all the treatments for one group will be pooled. Highlight the appropriate cells using the mouse and command key. Then go to Tables: subset:
In this screen: click: OK
Perform the one-way ANOVA and Tukey-HSD as usual.
If you want to perform a two-way ANOVA refer to the stats and graphing folder document.
Expressing the results of a One-way ANOVA. as a table in a lab report or scientific paper: Note that in JMP the variation is expressed as both SD and SE. You need to chose which expression you will use and be consistent. (Also refer to the Science Writing Guide in this Wiki)
There are two ways to express the ANOVA/TukeyHSD in figures or tables in your lab report. Choose only one. Here is a concise and clear option for expressing the Tukey results in a figure:
Alternatively, the Tukey test results can be presented in a table in addition to a column graph of the means.
Results text and stats: How to express ANOVA stat results in the text of your report: Focus on the biology and use the statistical analysis to bolster your conclusions. (Remember, statistical tests are tools for understanding; statistical significance does not necessarily imply biological significance. In the case of a statistically significant finding, always report the size of the effect. Note that with very small sample sizes (e.g., n < 10) the power of a statistical test to detect a real effect is rather low. Oppositely, with very large sample sizes, even minor effects of little biological significance can be statistically significant! So, use caution in interpreting your results. Examine the trends in your data; even if not significant, they may point to a biologically interesting pattern that may suggest re-testing using larger sample sizes.)
Example of statistical test reporting: "All three grains supported beetle population growth but the greatest increase in population size was seen in wheat flour. After 70 d, the mean number of adult beetles in the starting population (20) had increased by a factor of 20 in wheat flour but only by about 10-fold in corn and 7-fold in white flour (Fig. 1). Mean population sizes in corn or white flour were not significantly different from each other but were significantly different from the mean population size in wheat flour (ANOVA, F = 22.7, df = 2,6, P = 0.002; Tukey HSD test (Table 1 OR Fig1)."
Note that the test statistic here, the F-ratio, has two types of degrees of freedom, the first for the numerator term of the ratio (the mean square of the treatments, with df = number of treatments minus 1), and the second for the denominator (the mean square of the error term, with df = total observations minus number of treatments). The F-ratio measures the amount of variation in the data due to the differences among mean treatment effects, versus that due to the variability within treatments. The F-ratio thus represents a measure of "explained" vs. "unexplained" variability, a kind of signal-to-noise ratio.
Note also that the Tukey test results are included here in text form, while the results of the overall ANOVA are provided in parenthesis.
Statistical analysis: Two-way ANOVA in JMP
Two Way Analysis of Variance in JMP
Input the data as illustrated below. Treatment, Plant and Replicate columns have the data type 'character' 'nominal' and Transpiration rate and Total Resistance are 'numeric' 'continuous'
The null hypothesis for this 2 way ANOVA is: there is no effect of plant type or treatment (high light-high wind vs. low light-low wind) on the plants.
Under the analyze menu select Fit Model
To specify the model, click on transpiration rate or total resistance from the Select Columns field and then and click Y (indicating the dependent variable) in the Pick Role Variables field.
To construct the test 1. highlight Treatment in the Select Columns field and then click Add in the Construct Model Effects field 2. highlight Plant in the Select Columns field and then click Add in the Construct Model Effects field 3. highlight both Treatment and Plant by clicking on Treatment and then holding down the shift key as you click on Plant. Click on Cross to add the interaction between Treatment and Plant
The Model Specification window should now look like this:
To run the model click on Run Model
Scroll down through the output until you find Effects Tests: Copy and paste this table into a word doc for later use. To do this, click on the white cross symbol in the formatting bar then place this cross over the inverted triangle to the left of Effects Test and click. The Effects test table should be highlighted in blue. Under the edit menu select Copy and then paste the table into a word file for later use in your results.
Look at each effect.
Remember that the null hypothesis for the Treatment effect row is that there is no effect of environmental conditions (HLHW vs. LLLW) on transpiration rate (or total resistance). You would accept this null hypothesis if the P value (Prob > F) is greater than 0.05.
For the Plant row, the null hypothesis is that there is no significant difference among the plant species in transpiration rate, and again you would accept this null hypothesis if the P value (Prob > F) is greater than 0.05. For the interaction row (Treatment * Plant), the null hypothesis of no interaction means that the effects of Treatment and Plant species are independent of each other. Consequently, a significant interaction row (Prob > F less than 0.05) means that you need to know both which plant species you are working with and the environmental conditions in order to predict transpiration rate.
The plots to the right on the screen labeled Treatment, Plant and Treatment X Plant are there to aid your interpretation of the effects table. For Treatment, click on the small red inverted triangle and select LS Means Plot. You will see a plot of the means and SE for each Treatment. The interpretation of the treatment effect should be very clear. Note that plant species have been pooled for this test.
Next look at the LS Means plot for the Plant effect. Which plant species seem to have higher transpiration rates than the others? Note that environmental conditions (Treatments) have been pooled for this test.
The Treatment * Plant plot will be the most useful in interpreting your data because here you can see both the effect of the different environmental conditions (Treatment) and the differences among the plant species (Plant). Which had the greater effect—environmental conditions or plant species? Did the plant species all respond similarly to the different environmental conditions?
If you have conducted this test for transpiration, repeat the methods but with Total Resistance as the Y variable. Is the interpretation of the test results the same?
You are encouraged to include the effects table (without the Nparms column) in your Results section and you may also want to include the Treatment X Plant LS Means plot to aid presentation of your results.
After you have finished following the two-way ANOVA instructions from the stats and graphing folder and you have successfully run the 2-way ANOVA, go to the part of the output that is at the far right and press the magic little red triangle at the top on that last column of output (it should show the plant*condition interaction information). Select the Tukey HSD option there and below it will give you the letters that should go on your figure.
This is ONLY if you want to try the two-way ANOVA.
Reporting the results of a two-way ANOVA in your paper is complex because so many tests are conducted. Below is an example taken from the web. You will need to modify it for your plant experimental analysis. Notice how the results emphasize the context of the experiment and not the statistical analysis.
"An experiment was conducted to determine if the number of bystanders present in an emergency situation and the gender of the victim in an emergency situation affect the time it takes a person to help. A two-way ANOVA found a main effect of gender, F(1,24)=37.037, p ≤ .05, indicating that female victims are helped sooner than male victims. There was also a main effect of the number of bystanders present, F(2,24)=21.111, p ≤ .05. This effect showed that a lone bystander helped much sooner than when there were 2 or 3 bystanders present. Finally, there was an interaction between gender and the number of bystanders present, F(2,24)=4.815, p ≤ .05. Simple effects tests showed that male and female victims receive help equally quickly when only 1 bystander is present, F(1,24)=1.11, p > .05. However, when 2 or 3 bystanders are present, female victims were helped more quickly than male victims, F(1,24)=17.778, p ≤ .05 for 2 bystanders and F(1,24)=27.778, p ≤ .05 for 3 bystanders."


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Canon EF 24-70mm f/2.8L USM mounted on Canon EOS 5DS R : Tests and Reviews
Further readings for the Canon EF 24-70mm f/2.8L USM
To provide photographers with a broader perspective about mobiles, lenses and cameras, here are links to articles, reviews, and analyses of photographic equipment produced by DxOMark, renown websites, magazines or blogs.
The highly configurable RED Epic Dragon is the latest version of the firm's original Epic-M Digital Still and Motion Camera (DSMC). Although we are more used to analyzing still cameras at DxOMark, we've had a unique opportunity to assess RAW output from a prototype using all of our usual industry standard tests. As the results were extraordinary, we thought we would share the findings. Read on to find out how this high-performance sensor performs.
As a more modestly priced alternative to the EF 24-70mm f2.8L II USM and with a longer reach than the newer stabilized EF 24-70mm f4L IS USM, the similarly stabilized EF 24-105mm f4L IS USM remains a popular model for Canon users.
As a new addition to the Art-series, the Sigma 24-105mm f4 DG OS HAS looks promising, but can the firm replicate the image quality of their recent 35mm f1.4 and 18-35mm f1.8 models? Read on to find out.
Introduced in February 2012, the EF24-70mm f/2.8L II USM is the long-awaited update to Canon's pro-grade standard zoom and replaces the highly regarded EF24-70mm f/2.8L USM. Designed with the objective of improving image quality and providing greater durability for daily use with digital cameras, it has a completely revised optical design as well as an enhanced mechanical construction. As full-frame lens, it's compatible with the firm's full range of DSLRs including 1.6 (APS-C) and older APS-H (1.3x crop) DSLRs making it an attractive choice to a wide of range users. However, at around $2,500 it's not likely to be a casual purchase.
What to know about these lenses:
Tamron SP AF 28-75mm F/2.8 XR Di LD Aspherical [IF] tested on Canon and Nikon mount.
Launched in 2003, this lens is still a very good choice if you are looking for a cheap standard zoom lens. See the comparisons against famous competitors: Tamron SP AF 28-75mm F/2.8 XR Di LD Aspherical [IF] Nikon Vs Canon EF 24-70mm f/2.8L USM Vs Nikon AF-S Nikkor 24-70mm f/2.8G ED, here.


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Newtown families deliver a message to Congress
Washington — On their second day of marking six months since the massacre at Sandy Hook Elementary School, the Newtown Action Alliance started out on the lawn of the Capitol in a protective clump around the Soto siblings.
At a lectern, a dark cloud cover rapidly moving in over the city, Carlee Soto, 20, began reading the names of those killed, 26 in all. Her voice broke on only one: "Victoria Soto, age 27, was murdered in her first-grade classroom on Dec. 14, 2012 ..."
The three siblings — Carlee, flanked by Carlos Mathew, 15, and Jillian, 24 — joined 32 members of the alliance Thursday to continue lobbying congressmen for stricter gun control legislation.
The alliance is one of many advocacy groups, along with the families of the Sandy Hook victims, that have descended on Washington to mark the halfway point to the first anniversary. It's a group comprising mostly Newtown residents, largely politically passive before the event that changed their lives and galvanized them to act in the name of their friends, family and neighbors, and their own pain.
They arrived Wednesday armed with packets containing the signatures of 80 organizations and lists of every American gun death since Newtown, asking senators to resurrect April's failed background checks legislation and House members to co-sponsor their version.
They continued their divide-and-conquer strategy on Thursday, splitting up among different congressional office buildings. In most cases, the door-knocking got them a few minutes with an aide or adviser or intern, if they were lucky.
For a group headed by Po Murray, one of the alliance's two vice chairmen, a long sit-down with Rep. Rush Holt, D-N.J., presented a new challenge: a congressman who refuses to co-sponsor the bill not because he disagrees with it, but because it's not enough. He wants a gun registry.
A riled-up Murray fired back: The group's tactic is baby steps — the only way to move forward.
"Do you have support for a gun registry?" she asked him.
"We have some support," he said, emphasis on "some."
"That's what we're struggling with," Murray said.
After a day and a morning of lobbying mostly elusive or noncommittal congressmen, the group was joined in the Capitol building by its most prominent allies: Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid, D-Nev., and House Minority Leader Nancy Pelosi, D-Calif.; Connecticut Democratic Sens. Richard Blumenthal and Chris Murphy; Murphy's successor, Rep. Elizabeth Esty, D-5th District, whose district includes Newtown; and Rep. Mike Thompson, D-Calif., who co-authored the House version of the background checks bill that foundered two months ago in the Senate.
They were also joined by Connecticut Congressman Joe Courtney, D-2nd District, Rep. Sheila Jackson Lee, D-Texas, Rep. Elijah Cummings, D-Md., and Rep. Ron Barber, D-Ariz., who was shot along with former Rep. Gabrielle Giffords in Tucson in 2011.
It was a nearly hourlong offering of vows never to give up, often punctuated by members of the group wiping away tears. At one point, Pelosi stepped forward to the front row to embrace Teresa Rousseau, whose daughter Lauren Rousseau was one of the teachers killed at Sandy Hook, and stepped back to hold Rousseau's face in her hands.
Reid, who mentioned his father's suicide with a pistol, said legislation that requires background checks for all gun purchases — and not a "watered-down version," he said — is inevitable.
"The writing is on the wall," he said. "Background checks will pass the United States Senate. It's only a question of when."
Reid promised that efforts to resurrect the legislation that failed in April are getting "close," and that there are Republicans who are privately coming around to offering their support.
Blumenthal thanked the families of Newtown for reliving their grief in the name of advancing their cause, and urged all congressmen — particularly members of the Senate — to meet with them.
"Some of them have closed their doors or turned their backs," he said, chastising his colleagues.
Blumenthal and the others reiterated several times the polls that say 90 percent of Americans agree with background checks, and he added that it is groups like the Newtown Action Alliance that will "turn the tide and carry the day."
"We don't need converts among the American people," he said. "We need converts in Congress. We need activists among the American people."
Murphy vehemently carried on with Blumenthal's anger at their colleagues and said the reason this legislation will get a second chance is because of the "indomitable spirit" of the families of Newtown who have "refused to take no for an answer."
"It is absolutely unconscionable that there are members of the Senate and members of the House who will not meet with these families. Have the guts to take a meeting. Have the courage to look these families in the eye and tell them 'no' personally," he said. "Because if you take the meeting, if you hear their story, and if you hear their plea, then there will be something unlocked in your heart that will get you the 'yes.'"
By the time the group got back outside, heartened by the show of support, the clouds had passed. In full view of the Capitol building, along with dozens and dozens of other activists clad in matching green T-shirts, they formed a "ribbon of remembrance," recreating at human scale the tiny pins many had donned on their lapels.
All at once, they raised their hands in the air, waving at the cameras snapping photos and, yards away, up the steps, behind the stone walls and in the comfort of their offices, their elected officials.
Before returning to Connecticut to be at home today, the day that means six months have officially passed with no move from Congress, the Newtown Action Alliance would spend the rest of the afternoon on the same frustrating path, often being shut out and shuffled off.
But this is the work they'd come to do, and so they would do it. It's all about those few minutes of face time, Murray said, no matter the face, to try to turn some hearts.
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CHERRY TWP — A suspended Moniteau High School teacher is accused of having sexual misconduct with a handful of current and former female students over the past three years.
The charges were filed today by state police against Jonathan Crum, 26, who is suspended without pay from the Moniteau School District.
The charges include more than a dozen counts of institutional sexual assault.
Crum made no comment during or after his preliminary arraignment at the Chicora office of District Judge Lewis Stoughton.
Crum taught 11th grade English and AP European history.
According to the probable cause filed Monday by state police, the allegations involve five girls, who are current or former students. The earliest incident was in 2009.