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Today, we announce the winners of this year's Jolt Awards in the Testing Tools category. As I am every year, I was impressed by the quality of implementation of most of these products (although, frankly, distressed to see how many of them are Windows-only solutions). Quality is doubly important in test tools (as it is, for example, in compilers and debuggers) because you don't want defects in those products to send testers and developers on wild-goose chases. In this regard, I have no qualms with the products that were nominated, nor with the winners this year. They're all excellent implementations of useful products.
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- Security Professionals, We Need Your Input: Got 10 mins to spare?
- How Enterprises Are Developing Secure Applications
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- Improving Enterprise Authentication: Taming the Password Beast
What does vex me, though, is that the year-over-year advances are by and large unoriginal. They simply take existing concepts and apply them to new platforms. This year, we're talking about more mobile and more cloud. Terrific! Those platforms need testing tools. But maybe they need testing tools other than this familiar list of:
- Code inspection
- Unit testing
- UI testing
- Browser testing
- Load and performance testing
How about something really original, such as automated black box testing? Fuzz testing? Configuration testing? Security and penetration testing? Disaster recovery testing? Personally, I'd like to see new categories like privacy testing become part of the language. (When you turn off an app, does it remove from RAM any elements it decrypted during operation? Right now, that's an incredibly difficult thing to test, and none of the tools allow you to do this unless you write a special script manually and have them run it essentially turning them into expensive testing harnesses.)
Even more than the lack of support for important forms of testing is the true lack of automation. Automation, as defined in the testing tools industry, is not what it is elsewhere. It primarily means the ability to record and replay tests. This is not exactly a high bar to clear, as pretty much every product can serve as a harness and run tests when told to do so by a script or a continuous integration server. True automation comes on the front end, not the back end.
For example, when I'm testing a Web app, I should be able to run a module that automatically generates tests that check for security problems (and I mean the whole gamut: SQL injection, null-string attacks, CRLF attacks, oversized payloads, invalid REST commands, cookie tampering, multiple logins, buffer overflows, etc.). When I point the software at a function that takes an integer parameter, I'd like it to create tests that run the function with edge-case values (
1). If it takes strings, I want automated tests that test for null, empty strings, strings of 30,000 characters, strings containing only 0s, and strings with random values. If the app reads an input file, then I want tests that exercise how it handles a missing file, an empty file, a file bigger than 2GB, a file with only spaces in its name, a file with random values. If it's a text file, how does it handle foreign characters, LF vs CRLF, etc.?
I could do this forever. There are literally thousands and thousands of obvious fault conditions whose tests should be automated by test tools none of which are part of the current herd. I'd certainly also want what the herd presently does well with regard to these tests: capturing the exception, measuring execution time when unexpected input is used, and reporting the results in a nice interface with drill-down options. But the automation needs to happen up front so that I'm not writing millions of scripts to test all the different variations myself. This is the perfect thing for software to automate to remove the human bias that inevitably informs test scripts.
Software today is far more reliable than it was even 10 years ago, despite a steep run-up in complexity. However, it's still a long way from where it could be. Testing tools deserve part of the credit for the success so far, but also certainly part of the blame for not providing deeper and richer testing.
— Andrew Binstock
Editor in Chief
[email protected]
Twitter: platypusguy


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Before we run our job, we need some driver code to wire up the mapper and reducer, which we do using the
AggregateJob class, shown Listing Three (
Listing Three: AggregateJob.java.
package com.tom_e_white.drdobbs.mapreduce; import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configured; import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path; import org.apache.hadoop.io.LongWritable; import org.apache.hadoop.io.Text; import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Job; import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.input.FileInputFormat; import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.output.FileOutputFormat; import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.reduce.LongSumReducer; import org.apache.hadoop.util.Tool; import org.apache.hadoop.util.ToolRunner; public class AggregateJob extends Configured implements Tool { @Override public int run(String[] args) throws Exception { Job job = new Job(getConf()); job.setJarByClass(getClass()); job.setJobName(getClass().getSimpleName()); FileInputFormat.addInputPath(job, new Path(args[0])); FileOutputFormat.setOutputPath(job, new Path(args[1])); job.setMapperClass(ProjectionMapper.class); job.setCombinerClass(LongSumReducer.class); job.setReducerClass(LongSumReducer.class); job.setOutputKeyClass(Text.class); job.setOutputValueClass(LongWritable.class); return job.waitForCompletion(true) ? 0 : 1; } public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { int rc = ToolRunner.run(new AggregateJob(), args); System.exit(rc); } }
AggregateJob extends Hadoop's
Configured class and implements the
Tool interface's
run() method. Doing this allows us to pass in configuration options at runtime, which can be very handy, as we'll see shortly.
The code to launch a job is in the
run() method, and it is managed by the
Job class from the
org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce package. The
Job instance specifies various things about the job: a name for display purposes, the mapper and reducer classes that we discussed earlier, and the job output types, which have to match the mapper and reducer output types. (In case your map output types are different from your reduce output types, you should also call
setMapOutputKeyClass() and
setMapOutputValueClass().) There are a few other things that we set that are less obvious.
The call to
setJarByClass() is needed because MapReduce is a distributed system, and Hadoop needs to know which JAR file to ship to the nodes in the cluster running the map and reduce tasks. By calling this method, we tell Hadoop to look for the local JAR that contains the
AggregateJob class. As long as the JAR contains both
AggregateJob and
ProjectionMapper, then the job will run, as there are no other dependencies. (If you need to ship third-party libraries, you can use the
-libjars command-line flag, which takes a comma-separated list of local JAR file names.)
We also need to tell the job what input data to process and where to place the output. We do this via the static APIs on
FileInputFormat and
FileOutputFormat, using positional command-line arguments to specify the file paths.
The last line of the
run() method launches the job and waits for it to complete. While it is running, it prints the progress on the console.
Running the Job
Let's run the program:
% $HADOOP_HOME/bin/hadoop jar target/hadoop-drdobbs-1.0.0.jar \ com.tom_e_white.drdobbs.mapreduce.AggregateJob data output
hadoop jar command is a convenient way to run Hadoop programs because it adds all the Hadoop JARs onto the client classpath. It takes the JAR file and the main class as arguments and passes the remaining arguments to the program. In this case, they are interpreted as the input and output directories. When the program has completed, we can look at the output. Note that both the input and output is on the local filesystem by default in Hadoop.
% cat output/part-r-00000 dobbs 42 doctor 1214191
The output filenames are named by the reducer task number that produced them. Because we only ran a single reducer (the default), we only have a single output file:
part-r-00000. Happily, it contains the output that we expected: the tab-separated word counts.
A Single-Node Cluster
We don't need to make any changes to the code to run the same program against a Hadoop cluster. We do need to load the data into HDFS, though, and tell the program which cluster to run against, so let's see how to do that.
The first thing we need is to find a suitable cluster. If you don't have access to a Hadoop cluster, you can install a single-node cluster (by following the Apache Hadoop instructions or using a Hadoop VM, which several Hadoop vendors provide for free).
Instead of running against data on the local filesystem, we will run against HDFS. Let's copy the sample data from the local filesystem to HDFS using the
hadoop fs command:
% hadoop fs -copyFromLocal data data
-copyFromLocal subcommand takes two or more arguments: All but the first refer to files or directories on the local filesystem, and the last refers to a file or directory on HDFS. After issuing this command, the data resides in the
/user/<username>/data directory in HDFS. Now we can run the program again:
% hadoop jar target/hadoop-drdobbs-1.0.0.jar \ com.tom_e_white.drdobbs.mapreduce.AggregateJob data output
This command assumes that the client Hadoop configuration files are set up appropriately to point to your cluster. Configuration files are found in the Hadoop installation's
conf directory or in
/etc/hadoop/conf. The two relevant settings here are:
fs.default.nameto specify the HDFS namenode URL (in
mapred.job.trackerto specify the MapReduce jobtracker host and port (in
It's possible to specify these settings on the command line, too, which is handy if you ever need to switch between clusters:
% hadoop jar target/hadoop-drdobbs-1.0.0.jar \ com.tom_e_white.drdobbs.mapreduce.AggregateJob \ -D fs.default.name=hdfs://localhost:8020 \ -D mapred.job.tracker=localhost:8021 \ data output
Note that a space is required between the
-D argument and the key-value pair (in contrast to specifying Java system properties).
The output is in HDFS, so we use the
hadoop fs command again to view it:
% hadoop fs -cat output/part-r-00000 dobbs 42 doctor 1214191
A Multi-Node Cluster
Running on a multi-node cluster is no different than running on a single-node cluster, although it is wise to set the number of reducers to something higher than the default (one). On an otherwise unused cluster, the number of reducers can be set to the number of reduce slots in the whole cluster (that is, the number of task trackers × number of reduce task slots per task tracker). In practice, and particularly on a heavily used cluster, you should set the number of reducers to a smaller fraction of the cluster.
I ran the job over the full dataset using four reducers with the following command (the cluster settings were in
core-site.xml and
mapred-site.xml, so they were not needed on the command line):
% hadoop jar target/hadoop-drdobbs-1.0.0.jar \ com.tom_e_white.drdobbs.mapreduce.AggregateJob \ -D mapred.reduce.tasks=4 \ data output % hadoop fs -cat output/part-r-00000 | head -5 ! 202142786 """" 3312106937 $0.00005 52 $0.0003 111 $0.0007 117
The output is sorted by key (within each reduce partition); so at the beginning of the file, we get 1-grams that start with punctuation. In the next installment of the series, which runs next week, we'll write some more complex queries using higher-level languages and take a look at real-world Hadoop clusters and applications.
Tom White has been an Apache Hadoop committer since February 2007, and is a member of the Apache Software Foundation. He is an engineer at Cloudera, a company set up to offer Hadoop tools, support, and training. He is the author of the best-selling O'Reilly book Hadoop: The Definitive Guide..
Related Articles
Introduction to Hadoop: Real-World Hadoop Clusters and Applications


text:
Bono's daughter Eve Hewson simplifies billing
BEVERLY HILLS, Calif. (AP) — Those unusual, and sometimes wacky, names given by celebrities to their offspring don't always work in the real world.
Just ask Eve Hewson, the 23-year-old daughter of U2 lead singer Bono. She simplified things during her school years instead of using her given name: Memphis Eve Sunny Day Hewson.
"My parents knew I'd get bullied, so I just went with Eve," she said Thursday at the summer TV critics' tour.
Bono's real name is Paul Hewson.
The younger Hewson has followed her father into show business as a fledgling actress, not musician.
"He tried to teach me all about the musicality of a line, but that's not a good way to go about your acting," she said. "He has helped me in other ways, but not really as an acting coach. I call him and ask him about scripts and directors."
Hewson co-stars with Clive Owen in director Steven Soderbergh's new HBO drama "The Knick," debuting on Aug. 8. Set in New York in 1900, the series centers on the surgeons, nurses and staff at groundbreaking Knickerbocker Hospital.
Hewson graduated from New York University a year ago. Her credits include the movies "Enough Said" and "This Must Be the Place."
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text: Use this wormer for the treatment and control of mature gastrointestinal nematode infections in goats, including Haemonchus contortus, Ostertagia (Teladorsagia) circumcinta, and Trichostrongylus axei. FDA-tested and approved for goats. Feed at the rate of one (1) pound per hundred (100) pounds of body weight. Can be fed as sole ration, mixed with 1-2 parts of complete feed, or as a top dressing. No milk discard is required following use in dairy goats. Do not treat goats within thirty (30) days of slaughter. Also, do not mix in feed containing bentonite. Active Drug ingredient: Morantel Tartrate at 880g/ton. Dewormer pellet is also available in 6 and 50 lb. bags. The shipping fee for this item depends on the shipping zone you live in. Your correct shipping charge will appear when you check out. Feeding Instructions: For goats you are milking, one day a month, feed half their regular ration plus the recommended amount of Positive Pellet Dewormer. Return to regular feed the next day. Do this for three months. You may skip a month and then do another three-month cycle. Continue through the year. For all nonmilking goats, once a month on the day you use the Positive Pellet Dewormer, withhold all other feed. The next day return to regular feed. Do this for three months in a row, break for a month, and continue the deworming cycle, through the year. It's vital that goats have adequate water when you are using Positive Pellet Goat Dewormer.


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Let us know who you are, when you got started welding, your areas of expertise, etc...
Company | Products | Resources | Welding Calculatorsm | Where to buy | Order Status | Help & Faqs | Manuals | Privacy Policy | Terms & Conditions
© 2013 longevity-inc.com Longevity Global, Inc. 23591 Foley St, Hayward CA 94545
LONGEVITY offers portable diesel generators. By maintaining the highest quality standards for plasma cutting equipment, welding equipment, welding helmets also known as auto-darkening helmets, and silent diesel generators, the Longevity Welding and Generator brands are certainly getting attention for many welding jobs and from metal workers throughout the world because how portable, affordable, and reliable each and every plasma cutter, welder, and auto-darkening welding helmet actually is. With our ForceCut and MaxArc series plasma cutters, we have dominated the metal cutting market where power and portability are necessary. LONGEVITY also offers the WeldMax series plasma cutter / Arc / STICK / TIG multi-process welders that can plasma cut and weld from one single machine. With the WeldAll series, we have enabled cutting and welding from one unit that will also weld aluminum. Check out our multi-purpose welders to see the affordable pricing. If you need just a small or portable TIG, MIG / MAG, or ARC / STICK Welder, the LONGEVITY ArcMate series is perfectly designed to enable good quality welds.
Please see what our customers are saying about our welding equipment at http://forum.longevity-inc.com and if you are interested in becoming a Longevity Dealer, please visit our dealers page.


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See you all soon!
Friday 22 December 2017


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text:
Midwest Living Holiday Cookbook 2006
Ultimate Chocolate-Mint Cookie Sandwiches
These cookies have the gooey factor going for them. They're a soft chocolate cookie sandwiched with mint filling and a swirl of fudgy frosting on top.
Buzz Cafe Butter Cookie Cutouts
"We use this recipe year-round for all of the holidays," says Laura Maychruk, co-owner of Buzz Cafe in Oak Park, Illinois (10 miles west of Chicago's Loop). "For Christmas, we make snowflakes and Christmas trees. The cookies are delicious even without the icing." If you want to store these at room temperature, use a butter icing.
Chocolate-Pecan Coffee Cake
We put together our favorite coffee cake ingredients for this recipe: chocolate, butter, sour cream, pecans and coconut. It's worth the indulgence!
Egg 'n' Bacon Breakfast Casserole
South Dakota chef Doug Hanson shared this make-ahead recipe from his grandmother. "It's easy to make on Christmas Eve and pop in the oven Christmas morning while watching the kids play with toys," he says. "You can't go wrong with eggs, cheese and bacon."
Three creamy cheesecakes
Cranberry-Chocolate Cheesecake (top) uses cranberries both in the filling and in the sauce. White Chocolate Candy Cane Cheesecake (middle) is a variation on the mascarpone cheesecake made at Parkview Gourmet specialty foods in Libertyville, Illinois. Very Berry Cheesecake (bottom) uses both fresh berries and berry-flavored brandy, vodka or orange juice for its flavor.
Cranberry Chocolate Cheesecake
White Chocolate Candy Cane Cheesecake
Midnight Star Chicken
This chicken stir-fry recipe adds distinctive Asian flair to the menu at Jake's restaurant atop the Midnight Star Casino in Deadwood, South Dakota.
Little Traveler's Chopped Salad
Bacon and French-fried onions punch up the flavor in this crunchy, fresh-tasting, main-dish salad from Little Traveler, a gift shop/cafe in Geneva, Illinois.
Chocolate Milk Shake Cocktail
Peppermint and chocolate give this splashy, nonalcoholic drink a festive, flavorful edge.
Pomegranate Martini
We decorated the martini glasses by rubbing the rims with a lime, then dipping them in red and white sugar.
Sour Cream-Cranberry Muffins
Brown sugar, pecans and pumpkin pie spice create both the filling and topping for these muffins. Dried cranberries add a hint of tang and texture.
Smoked Corn Cakes with Tomato and Sour Cream Sauce
This recipe is a favorite at Deadwood Thymes Cafe and Bistro in Deadwood, South Dakota, where the chef smokes the corn before adding it. You can use roasted corn, too; we like it both ways.
Peanut Brittle and Holiday Peach Sauce over Ice Cream
Holiday peanut brittle adds a sweet, caramel crunch to ice cream -- and tastes even better with peach sauce. It's a favorite use of this seasonal sweet from Long Grove Confectionary Company in Long Grove, Illinois.
Toffee Blondies in a Jar
These Toffee Blondies are a popular variation on brownies. While they have a handful of semisweet chocolate pieces, most of the flavor comes from brown sugar, butter, chopped nuts and toffee pieces or butterscotch pieces. They make a nice gift from the kitchen, too; layer the ingredients in a glass or clear plastic container.
Luke's Lemon Meringue Pie
This lemon meringue pie recipe, which includes candied lemon peel, is a favorite at Southmoreland on the Plaza, in Kansas City, Missouri. The recipe comes from Luke Reichle, brother of Southmoreland co-owner Mark.
Harvest Pie, Sweet Potato Pie and Sweetie Pie
The holiday Pie Fest at Southmoreland on the Plaza features several dozen pies including Harvest Pie (front of picture), Sweet Potato Pie (left) and Sweetie Pie (top).
Harvest Pie blends the tastes and aromas of apples, cranberries and baked spices. Sweet Potato Pie has a soft filling with just a touch of sweetness. Pie lovers with a serious sweet tooth need to try the Sweetie Pie, full of melted chocolate, butterscotch, pecans and coconut.
Cherry Pie
Cherry pie is the specialty of Betty Reichle, mother of Southmoreland on the Plaza co-owner Mark Reichle. Her filling has a hint of cinnamon and almond. And she weaves a handsome lattice crust on the top. "I make points with Mark when I make this pie," she says.
Finnish Blueberry Pie
This berry pie proves that there's beauty in simplicity. The piecrust is wrapped around a three-ingredient filling that includes fine dry breadcrumbs. You don't even need a pie plate to make this juicy treat.
Roasted Nut Snack
Choose your seasoning—cocoa, curry, barbecue or five-spice powder—to spice up this recipe combining assorted nuts. Make it up to a week before your party.
Cranberry Shortbread
Tart cranberries add zest to buttery shortbread.
Little Traveler's Lemon Curd Bars
Little Traveler in Geneva, Illinois (40 miles west of Chicago) uses creamy, tangy lemon curd to make these bars for its "girlfriend tea" events. Box them in striped paper and a simple wooden box (available at crafts stores) and add a festive red ribbon for a girlfriend-worthy holiday gift.
Holiday Cranberry Syrup
Cranberries give this syrup its rich color and characteristic tang. Use the sugar mixture as a base for drinks or as a topper for ice cream, cake or pancakes. Give in decorative bottles for food gifts, along with the recipe.
More recipes from the Midwest Living Holiday Cookbook
Chocolate Mint Meltaways over Peppermint Ice Cream
Winter-Fruit Salad with Honey-Lime Vinaigrette
Chocolate-Dipped Sugarplum Candies
Rich Almond Pastry for Single-Crust Pie


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T.Y. Lin International hires new AVP/ national director of freight railWritten by Jenifer Nunez, assistant editor
T.Y. Lin International hired Vincent Montgomery, P.E., as associate vice president/national director of freight rail.
Montgomery will be responsible for providing leadership, direction and management to the Transit and Rail Line of Business (TRLOB), assisting in strategic and tactical planning efforts and overseeing the development of client relations. He will be assisting in business development activities around the U.S. for TRLOB, while specifically building a practice to serve the freight railroad market.
Montgomery has almost 30 years of experience in the development and delivery of infrastructure projects in both the U.S. and Canada. His professional and project experience ranges primarily across the transportation, facilities and energy market segments for both private and public clients. He has served in roles as president, vice president, project manager and project engineer for a private, 200-person Midwest consulting firm for the past 24 years, during which time he negotiated and served as program manager for multi-year continuing service agreements for many Class 1 railroads in North America. Montgomery also served on the board of directors of RailAmerica, until their sale to Genesee and Wyoming in September of 2012.


text:
Visit our main website at www.StDavids.com
Rosalyn Carson-DeWitt, MD
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an inherited disease. It causes a defect in certain cells of the lung and digestive system. The defect makes the cells produce a thick, sticky mucus. This mucus can cause:
Copyright © Nucleus Medical Media, Inc.
CF is a serious life-long condition, but the severity of the illness can vary greatly. The average life expectancy for someone with CF is about 35 years. Although, some with mild forms of CF can live to age 60 or beyond.
CF is a genetic disorder. A child with CF inherits defective genes from each parent. Parents who have the gene, but do not have CF, are called carriers.
Factors that increase your chance of CF include:
The abnormally thick mucus of CF blocks certain organs. This causes many of the symptoms of CF.
Symptoms in infants may include:
Mucus that causes blockages in the lungs may lead to:
Mucus can also block the pancreas. This can block enzymes used to help you digest food. This can lead to:
Other symptoms may include:
Overall, girls are affected more severely than boys.
The doctor will ask about symptoms and medical history. A physical exam will be done. CF is suspected in a child with classic symptoms, especially if a sibling has CF.
CF is often diagnosed by symptoms, family history of CF, or a positive screening test in newborns. The diagnosis may be confirmed with genetic testing. Other lab tests that may be used to confirm CF include:
Your doctor may need to check your lungs. This may be done to look for symptoms or to determine treatment. Tests may include:
Tests may also be needed to check the pancreas. These tests may be done to assess symptoms or determine treatment.
There is no cure for CF. Treatment is aimed at:
Treatment for CF includes:
Better nutrition will help improve overall health. It will also improve growth and development in children. Children who have returned to normal weight within 2 years of the diagnosis have fewer coughing episodes and better lung function. Some nutritional steps that may help include:
Thick mucus in the airways increases the risk of respiratory infections. The infection can also be more severe because of the mucus. Treatment of a current infection often requires antibiotics. Prevention of new infections may be done with:
Medications help keep the airways clear. Most will be delivered through an inhaler or nebulizer. Medications may include:
Other steps that may help clear mucus from the lungs include:
Oxygen therapy
may be required as the disease progresses. Ventilation may also be needed.
Talk to your doctor about whether these are options for you.
Surgery may be required to treat blockages in the intestine.
liver transplants
may also be considered.
Support is important for those with CF and their families. Ask you doctor about local support groups or counseling options.
If you have the defective genes, there is no way to prevent CF.
Adults can be tested to see if they carry the genes before having children.
Prenatal testing
can determine if a baby will have CF.
Please be aware that this information is provided to supplement the care provided by your physician. It is neither intended nor implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice. CALL YOUR HEALTHCARE PROVIDER IMMEDIATELY IF YOU THINK YOU MAY HAVE A MEDICAL EMERGENCY. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider prior to starting any new treatment or with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition.
Copyright © EBSCO Publishing. All rights reserved.
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