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Cracked.com has a post titled 6 Socially Conscious Actions That Only Look Like They Help. One of the listed actions is "volunteering overseas." The site is meant to stir the pot a bit and push buttons, but they do a pretty good job with it and I have reproduced what they wrote with pictures and captions included. Yes, it is a simple look at the issue and I have said many times that I am not wholly in opposition to overseas volunteering and do not think it to be all bad. With that said, the present state of international volunteering, especially short term voluntourism, is not doing the job well.
Note: All that is below is an exact reproduction of the Cracked.com post. I thought that putting it in a block-quote was adequate, but I want to be explicit in that I am not claiming this to be my work and have reproduced it here in its entirety since I believe it should be read as such.
Note: All that is below is an exact reproduction of the Cracked.com post. I thought that putting it in a block-quote was adequate, but I want to be explicit in that I am not claiming this to be my work and have reproduced it here in its entirety since I believe it should be read as such.
HT Linda RaftreeThe IdeaSo, lately your yearly vacations to the International Cheese Rolling Festival have left you feeling unfulfilled. Don't despair: There's always voluntourism, a growing movement that allows you to travel the world while helping the needy. A recent survey found that two-thirds of American high school students have considered this type of volunteer vacation.
This isn't a new trend among rich white people, either.Traditional organizations mostly look for volunteers with relevant skills: doctors, nurses, dentists, qualified teachers and people fluent in foreign languages. Still, they also welcome unskilled travelers who can do stuff like clerical work and cleaning while the professionals offer the help that's desperately needed.
How We Half-Ass ItAcquiring a professional skill can take years of effort, and typing up vaccination reports doesn't exactly make for great travel photos to send back home. So instead, the boom in voluntourism is focused on prepackaged tours offering unskilled volunteers a wide range of exciting activities: weeklong stays looking after children in AIDS orphanages, short trips to Africa to build houses and stints teaching English in isolated parts of South America.
"These people need my liberal arts degree and ability to swing a hammer haphazardly."So what? It's better than your standard vacation, where the only person you "help" is your own fat ass up onto a waterslide, right? Wrong: In most cases, this practice actually hurts the people it's trying to help.Let's say you work in construction. One day, your neighborhood suddenly floods with energetic, iPod-toting young people who joyfully start doing the same job you're doing, but for free. Imagine the American immigration debate, only the immigrants have no skills, and they aren't just working for less money, but for free -- their only compensation being a series of photos about how caring they are posted to their Facebook pages when they get back home.So the result is wonkily made houses sprouting up everywhere, built by people who don't know drywall from the holes they're putting in those walls, pushing local workers out of much-needed jobs and screwing up economies that are already screwed up enough to warrant charity work.
"Ooh! Rita! Get a picture of me pouring my CamelBak into this little girl's water jug."Long-term effects aren't much better if you're into helping children, either. Voluntourists jump at the chance to make a lasting difference in the lives of cute underprivileged youths. But the thing is, they really want pictures of those malnourished children swarming about their knees in gratitude -- that's the picture that gets you laid back home at the pub. But the most lasting good is done to the community by training other local teachers to teach English, and nobody wants to sleep with the guy who brings home pictures of himself surrounded by competent adults looking at books together. So local teachers go untrained, and confused students end up getting a new and completely inexperienced English teacher every month or so.
"Hey I think our teacher might be a dumbass."Foreigners who volunteer for short periods in orphanages can do even more harm. The steady flow of Western media attention on AIDS orphanages means they get tons of funding that could otherwise have been devoted to keeping those children with their surviving extended family instead. One study of Cambodian orphanages revealed that only 25 percent of "orphans" there had actually lost both parents. In the worst cases, this leads to children being placed in orphanages by both of their alive but desperately poor parents, because they can only get someone to help their kids if they completely abandon them to rich people who take pictures alongside them, like a substantially more tragic version of that guy in the Donald Duck costume at Disneyland.
On the plus side, you and your girlfriend get to spend a fun week playing with cute kids and taking blurry cellphone pictures of temples. Surely that's worth some premature orphan-ing.


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Chorioamnionitis is an infection. It occurs in the membranes that surround the fetus. These membranes are called the chorion and the amnion. It is also an infection of the amniotic fluid. This fluid surrounds the fetus and protects it.
Chorioamnionitis can be a very serious condition. It requires special care from the doctor. A pregnant woman will need to deliver her baby right away. This is for the health of both the mother and the baby.
Bacterial infections usually cause this condition. Infection may begin in the mother's genital tract. Bacteria then move up from the vagina, through the cervix, and into the fetal membranes. It then moves into the amniotic sac and its fluid. There it can then pass to the fetus. Many types of bacteria may cause this infection.
Risk Factors
Chorioamnionitis is more common in young women. Other factors that can increase your chance of developing chorioamnionitis include:
- Low socioeconomic status
- First child
- Multiple vaginal exams after rupture of the amniotic sac
- Long labor
- History of bacterial infection, such as group B streptococcus (GBS) and bacterial vaginosis
- Premature rupture of membranes
- Preterm labor
Symptoms may include:
- Fever
- Increased heart rate in both the mother and the fetus
- Tender uterus
- Discharge with odor from the vagina
Your doctor will ask about your symptoms and medical history. A physical exam will be done. Your bodily fluid may need to be tested. This can be done with blood tests or amniocentesis.
The fetal heart rate will be monitored. The heart rate will increase if the mother has an infection.
The baby will need to be delivered. A cesarean section may be needed if:
- Vaginal delivery would take too long
- Mother shows signs of worsening illness
- Baby shows signs of distress
Antibiotics will be delivered through an IV in the mother. The baby will get antibiotics if there is an infection present after birth.
To help reduce your chance of developing chorioamnionitis:
- Attend regular prenatal check-ups. Call your doctor if you have any questions or concerns.
- Get tested for GBS. This routine vaginal culture is done during your 35th-37th week.
- Take steps to prevent bacterial vaginosis. For example, practice safe sex. Do not use douches or feminine sprays.
- Tell your doctor right away if you have premature rupture of the membranes.
Revision Information
- Reviewer: Andrea Chisholm, MD
- Review Date: 04/2017 -
- Update Date: 05/20/2015 -

subset: commoncrawl


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Transformers, Vol. 7
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Transformers, Vol. 7
The secret origins of CYBERTRON's golden age are revealed to OPTIMUS PRIME—and what he learns changes everything about the AUTOBOTS' mission on Earth. Collects issues #33–38.
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Description: Pair of pumps of plastic and leather. The pumps are of a plastic printed with a multi-colored hologram surface of stripes with stars, stripes and dots. 3" spike heels covered with blue leather. White leather inner. Sole of brown and black leather. Label inside each shoe: "Stuart Weitzman / for / Mr. Seymour". Stamped inside each shoe: "5W 79087 N 7 1/2" Stamped on sole: "Leather / Sole" in hide outline; Stuart Weitzman & Co / Made in Spain"
Date: 1980/1989
Creator: Weitzman, Stuart
Partner: UNT College of Visual Arts + Design


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My Crimson Mild desires to handle this head-on. Even though the metropolis needs a vetting process to stop abuse and exploitation through the entire red-light district, it?s not usually strictly adopted. At My Crimson Mild, states Heyman, it?s a cornerstone in their function. He provides the higher focus of individuals who've encounter with intercourse function tends to make it that a lot tougher for any person becoming pimped to slide via the web. In other brothels, the individuals that function you will find noticed as being a item which makes cash for your brothel proprietors. The main difference with us is the fact that we're there for our intercourse employees,? Heyman states.
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Commercial, Military, Personal/Corporate, Products, Public Service, Regulatory, Services, Training
By James T. McKenna | March 24, 2008
Send Feedback
Aviation Today will host a webinar examining ongoing opportunities presented by the current helicopter boom and the potential impact of global economic turmoil on the industry. The webinar, "Rotorcraft's Winning Streak: How to Leverage The Helicopter Market's Growth," will be held April 17 at 2–3 pm EDT (6-7 pm UTC). The webinar will feature as speakers Helicopter Assn International President Matt Zuccaro; Raymond Jaworowski, senior aerospace analyst with Forecast International; and Rotor & Wing Editor-in-Chief Jim McKenna. Aviation Today Publisher and Editorial Director John Persinos will serve as moderator of the interactive event. You can register for this timely webinar here.


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A new drug and alcohol performance-focused prevention program for high school and middle school athletes is being reviewed in Siskiyou County. A pilot program in one to three schools could potentially be implemented this fall with the hope that more schools will follow.
Now, it is school officials, coaches, athletes, parents and the public's turn to hear about the proposal first-hand and let their opinions and feedback be heard.
An overview and discussion on the Athlete Committed Model will be presented free to the general public on Thursday, Jan. 17 at Weed High School at 6 p.m. by Dr. John Underwood, who helped develop this program. According to a press release on the event, "Dr. Underwood trains world and olympic champions, NCAA, NBA, NFL and the U.S. Navy Seals utilizing his internationally recognized drug and alcohol free sports "pure performance" strategies. The proposed program is adapted from the Life of an Athlete program developed by Underwood, which has been put in place in 39 states. Also, two states, New Mexico and New York, have adopted the program statewide.
The Athlete Committed Model is designed to help students achieve their maximum athletic potential and if there are issues with drugs or alcohol to help them.
get the help and counseling they need, Underwood said. He believes that once people hear "all the facts" about the program they will understand what a benefit it could be for Siskiyou County.
"This program is just common sense," Underwood said in a phone interview. "We need to tell the kids there is a right way."
The 6 p.m. session is open to the public. There will be two other sessions on the 17th for athletic directors, coaches and school officials and a session for student athletes.
While still in the early stages, school district officials in the county said they are intrigued by the program and are looking forward to seeing what the community thinks of it. The Siskiyou County Human Services Agency/ Alcohol and Other Drugs and the Siskiyou County Substance Abuse Coalition have been key players to get this program up and running in the county.
In a press release, the Athlete Committed Model is described as "a prevention/intervention program for student athletes, parents, and coaches that impacts social drug and alcohol use and addresses other athlete lifestyle issues. It includes the development of an Athletic Code that promotes a character based athletic program and has clear consequences for code infractions."
Arden Carr, a licensed clinical site supervisor for the county's behavioral health services, said that when he first heard about this program and Underwood's work throughout the country he knew that he wanted to see if this would be something viable to bring to Siskiyou County.
One thing that impressed Carr about this program is that the kids who need help receive counseling.While there still are consequences in this program for infractions, there is an intervention component in place that gives participants a chance to get a lot of support and help. Carr likes having parents and coaches involved and trained in making sure the goals of the program are met. Another key component is student leadership, where fellow athletes participate in training their peers and helping support their fellow athletes "both on and off the field."
Carr likes that education is an important component as the program teaches students the consequences if "they make self destructive decisions."
Underwood has given presentations to both pro and college athletes and said there is certainly a major issue with drugs and alcohol in college and pro athletics. He hopes having programs like the one proposed for Siskiyou County helps curb the problem before it starts or gets too out of hand and shows young athletes the consequences to themselves and their team if they consume drugs and alcohol.
"We need to reach the younger athletes," Underwood said. "Our goal is to give people information to make better choices."
Carr said that he and Underwood have had discussions with local superintendents and school officials about the program and said the feedback has been positive.
Kermith Walters, Siskiyou County Office of Education superintendent said that while it is in "the early stages" he said he has liked what has been presented so far and the way the program offers services like counseling to those who need it and the active involvement of student athletes in mentoring and working with fellow athletes.
Walters said that he is looking forward to seeing the reaction from the community.
Yreka Union High School District Superintendent /Principal Mark Greenfield said that he was also intrigued by the initial overview meetings he has had about the program. He liked that parts of the program are similar to some things already in place at the high school such as counseling for athletes. Greenfield added that the substance abuse issue is a concern across the country and here in the county and this program could be beneficial here. But, he added, he is taking "a wait and see" approach to the program and plans "to see how it goes on the 17th."
Besides working on the issues of drugs and alcohol, the program also addresses the importance of things like being healthy, proper nutrition and getting a good nights sleep to reach athletic potential, Underwood said.
The Athlete Committed Model has been initiated in Butte County for around three years, with Carr and Underwood saying it has gone quite well and has made a difference there. Carr said he has worked closely with officials in Butte County and said he has heard raves from them and believes the program can have the same impact here in Siskiyou County.
For more information or to ask questions on the proposed program, Carr can be reached at 841-4704. To take a look at the program initiated in Butte County which is the model being followed for the program proposed for Siskiyou County go to http://www.butteyouthnow.org/committed/athlete-committed.


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The Sun Fire X4600, code-named Galaxy4, accommodates as many as eight of AMD's Opteron processors. It's designed to support not just today's dual-core chips, but quad-core Opterons due in 2007.
Sun Microsystems
Bill Detwiler has nothing to disclose. He doesn't hold investments in the technology companies he covers.
Full Bio
Bill Detwiler is Editor in Chief of TechRepublic and the host of Cracking Open, CNET and TechRepublic's popular online show. Prior to joining TechRepublic in 2000, Bill was an IT manager, database administrator, and desktop support specialist in the social research and energy industries. He has bachelor's and master's degrees from the University of Louisville, where he has also lectured on computer crime and crime prevention.


text:
XebiaLabs has announced XL Platform, a delivery automation solution to help deliver software at a pace that claims to go beyond error-prone manual processes.
XL Platform comprises XL Deploy, application release automation — and XL Release, enterprise release management for DevOps and Continuous Delivery, both of which are version 4 products.
New to the platform are XL Test, a dedicated Agile test management and analysis tool and XL Scale, for on-demand provisioning and scaling of full environments.
In the face of software application development purists who feel that DevOps has possibly too much "ops" and not enough developer in it, VP of product management at XebiaLabs Andrew Phillips spoke to Dr. Dobb's directly to justify his company's announcement.
"Ultimately, developers want to get their apps released publicly so they can see how users respond and how well or poorly they perform," said Phillips. "But developers are looking for less painful ways to get their apps out. They want to get out of spreadsheet hell and release nightmare weekends and early morning stand up meetings, to get a full understanding of the release status. With XL Release, you can fly it in quickly, get it set up, and make your life much easier. It takes the pain out of the release process and you can begin to grow pipelines step by step, and start meeting the needs of development, giving you a complete overview every step of the way."
XL Deploy 4.0 automated deployment parallelization, advanced artifact staging capabilities, and a new scheduling console. XL Release 4.0 features a UI redesign for even more space and ease of use, new delivery pipeline and release summary dashboards, and webhook support for configuration of additional automated tasks.
"Supporters of Agile, DevOps, and Continuous Delivery need a way for distributed teams spanning business, development, QA, operations, and release management to create an end-to-end lifecycle value chain. The XL Platform provides lightweight, plug-and-play delivery automation products for deployment, on-demand environment provisioning, Agile test management, and release management," said the company.


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It costs to walk on the campus of Worcester State University.
A "parking/pedestrian access fee" — part of the welter of mandatory and optional student fees that make up the bulk of the cost of a public higher education in the state and the only one at a Central Massachusetts public college or university — has for the last few years been tacked onto WSU students' bills, whether they drive or walk to school.
Beyond simmering discontent over the $72-a-year pedestrian charge, students returning to school last week after winter break were rankled by a severe parking crunch that has further squeezed the campus's already tight parking and forced school officials to institute an unpopular shuttle to Worcester Regional Airport three miles away.
"I think when everyone is on break is the only time you could find parking at WSU," said Alfred Sogja, a freshman from Worcester.
University officials acknowledge they have a parking shortage, one that will persist for three or four more years, but maintain it is an unavoidable consequence of growth, including a new $45 million athletic complex, new dorms and full-scale library renovation.
And the pedestrian fee is needed to help maintain walkways in an era of decreased state funding for public colleges and universities, they say.
"When you only have a certain amount of money coming from the state, unfortunately the only way to make it work is through fees," said John Brissette, chairman of the Worcester State Board of Trustees.
For the 2012-2013 academic year, tuition constitutes only 11.7 percent of the average cost of attending one of Massachusetts' nine state universities, with fees making up the bulk of what the students must pay. Students are paying an average of $8,283 in tuition and fees, nearly double the cost a decade ago.
As for parking, Fitchburg State University charges commuting students $50 a year to park, and residents $100. Quinsigamond Community College charges parkers $20 a semester. Mount Wachusett Community College, another commuter-only school, has no parking permit fee. Unlike Worcester State, none of these schools charges a pedestrian fee.
As fees and tuition were rising sharply during the decade, some WSU administrators' salaries were spiking along with them.
In 2009, amid cuts in state funding for public higher education, former president Janelle Ashley riled faculty members by handing out 4 percent to 15 percent raises to 22 nonunion administration employees.
Meanwhile, Mr. Sogja, and other students, said they have sometimes become so frustrated by full parking lots and a full campus garage after circling for a half-hour that they have skipped class and turned around and gone home.
Also, students say the mad scramble for parking pushes drivers out into neighborhood streets, where students have often run afoul of residents and have been ticketed by police.
Now, with three major construction projects under way, it is harder than ever to find precious parking spots at a growing university where parking was already scarce, students parking in one of the school's main lots said last Thursday morning on opening day of the second semester.
On wintry Thursday morning, the lots, empty at 8 a.m. before 8:30 classes, filled up quickly and completely — with long queues of vehicles backed up on Chandler Street waiting to dart into the campus' two main entrances. Soon, side streets near campus also had lines of cars parked along sidewalks in front of private homes.
"I have no idea how people park," said Nick Guzotis, a senior from Westfield who lives on campus.
Mr. Guzotis doesn't have a car, but he and his girlfriend, Kelsey Jarosz, a WSU junior who lives in Holden and drives to school, said she often can't visit him because she can't find parking.
"After they took the parking away from up top, it got ridiculous," Mr. Guzotis said, referring to the loss of more than 100 spots with the recent start of construction of a new 400-bed dormitory on a hill overlooking the sports field and running track.
As for the airport shuttle, which officials have tried to entice students to use with offers of free Starbucks coffee and mugs, another student, Anna Lamothe, a nursing student who lives off-campus, said, "I already pay for parking, so I would never take that shuttle."
Officials have advised students to build an extra hour into their day in order to use the airport shuttle. Mr. Brissette, the trustee chairman, had this message for students who have complained about the inconvenience of the shuttle: "You need to plan your time accordingly."
Two students who did not want to be identified because they feared losing financial aid said they resented the parking-pedestrian fee because it automatically appears on their bills and they cannot choose to opt out. Other students said they didn't even notice the fee because they sometimes don't bother scrutinizing their bills because there are so many fees.
Lea Ann Scales, a spokeswoman for the university, said the school changed the way it charged for parking in 2010, when it also first imposed the pedestrian charge. Before then, she said, WSU had an elective parking fee of $120 maximum per year and students with fewer than six credits paying $85.
Ms. Scales said that because students paid out of pocket, the fee could not be offset with financial aid money. Students could choose not to pay the fee, but then they couldn't park on campus.
"Many students expressed frustration that this fee could not be paid for with financial-aid dollars," she said.
So, Ms. Scales said the school changed the system and put in a mandatory but lower parking fee that is covered, at least in part, by financial aid. The fee is a maximum of $36 a year for part-time students.
Ms. Scales said administrators know parking is in short supply, but she noted that the same problem plagues other colleges and that WSU's master plan calls for another parking garage on the west side of campus in the next few years. The college also recently began leasing 100 parking spaces at Temple Emanuel across the street.
The existing 560-space parking garage, which opened in 2007, fills up just as quickly as the surface lots. Construction bonds for the $10 million garage have not yet been paid, officials said.
Worcester Polytechnic Institute, the College of the Holy Cross and Assumption College have built similarly sized garages in recent years.
"We know that parking is important," Ms. Scales said. But, she acknowledged, "Worcester State has had limited success in adding parking."
Ms. Scales added that students have been consulted in the master planning process and that they have indicated that they want more dorms on campus and better facilities. Those things don't come without cost, she said, hence the necessity to occasionally increase and modify fees.
"It is always a robust discussion, and there's reluctance on behalf of the trustees to raise fees," Ms. Scales said. "I think the problem they're faced with is a decrease in state funding and a real desire to provide excellence."
Contact Shaun Sutner by email at firstname.lastname@example.com or on Twitter at @ssutner.


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Sometimes it's hard to keep on your toes and be prepared for all the holidays as they come around. So we're going to get a head start and work on Christmas! If Christmas isn't inspiring to you, feel free to branch out into another winter theme. I've set a different category for each week in July to help you keep on track and feel free to share whatever you've made and questions and thoughts here in the thread.
July Week 1 - Planning, palette selection
July Week 2 - Papers
July Week 3 - Elements
July Week 4 - Alphas, clusters, quick pages, etc


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Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) is the most pervasive vulnerability present in Web applications today. That being said, it is possible to build Web apps that are impervious to XSS by arming yourself with an understanding of the threat and a basic toolbox of encoding functions.
XSS Review
The attack occurs in a variety of scenarios where data is taken in by your website and then replayed to the user as an executable script. For example, imagine navigating to the following URL:
If the website were to replay the query string parameter into its HTML markup verbatim, malicious script would execute on the page. Given the same-origin policy security model of the browser, this script could perform actions or access data on behalf of the user behind the keyboard.
There are numerous other ways that an XSS vulnerability might arise. For example, imagine your Web application presents a page with a list of users. If one of the users managed to set their visible name to a
SCRIPT element, we then have XSS, though this scenario does not involve query string parameters per se.
Alternatively, consider a situation where an
onerror attribute results in malicious script execution (as opposed to a
Best Practice
Generally speaking, the strategy to pursue in building application code is to encode potentially untrusted content appropriately for the context in which it's being output on the page.
It's worthwhile to define these terms. Potentially untrusted content could be input from the user to the website, or even information stored in a database. If your Web application takes input from the URL, that data is potentially untrusted content because the data could have been supplied by an attacker. Information from cookies is not generally directly suspect because of restrictions enforced by the same origin policy; however, if the data originally came from the URL or an HTTP
POST, you should consider it suspect. Perhaps the easiest way to define potentially untrusted content would be to say that it's any content that the application did not itself define statically in its own business logic.
The context on the page into which the output is placed is also very important to consider as it dictates how you must encode output. Consider the following example in ASP.NET:
<a href= "http://contoso.com/app.aspx?var=<%:Server.UrlEncode(UntrustedVar)%> "> <%: UntrustedTitle %>
Notice that the
UrlEncode function is used to encode query string data. It's an IIS 6.0 function that converts spaces to + signs and non-alphanumeric characters to their hex equivalents. The default
HtmlEncode-based encoding is used in the context of HTML. To understand why different encoding mechanisms are necessary, consider what malicious input might look like if encoding were not in place. In the HREF case, the output might close off the attribute and append a new attribute that would run script, for example:
" onload=[Malicious script]
Whereas in the second case, an effective attack would be:

So the various encoding mechanisms must encode different sets of characters to offer effective protection. (In addition, URLs are percent-encoded so that they may be properly parsed by browsers and Web servers, whereas HTML markup is encoded into HTML entities. Using the wrong encoding would create URLs or markup that can't be properly parsed.)
There is one issue worthy of note: Your application might hand off data to an external control or API to render on the page. In such a case, what encoding should be applied? To find out, you may need to evaluate the security guarantee provided by the external code. It seems reasonable to assume API input is encoded appropriately for the output context, although any particular API might, in fact, push that responsibility to its caller. The documentation for any good API should specify any required encoding necessary to ensure that output is rendered securely on the page. The <%: %> syntax in ASP.NET 4 and later provides a clever solution to this problem, utilizing a new
HtmlString type.
The Microsoft AntiXSS Library
All major Web platforms provide some sort of API for output encoding. Microsoft's implementation for ASP.NET is a library of encoding functions referred to as the Microsoft AntiXSS Library. This library has been available since ASP.NET 4.5.
The first thing you'll want to do to leverage the AntiXSS Library on ASP.NET 4.5 is to enable it as the default encoder by adding the
encoderType attribute to your Web.config file:
<httpRuntime ... encoderType= "System.Web.Security.AntiXss.AntiXssEncoder, System.Web, Version=22.214.171.124, Culture=neutral,PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a" />
This entry will cause default output encoding functionality in ASP.NET to use the conservative AntiXSS Library encoding. In addition, you may then begin to utilize APIs in the
AntiXssEncoder class:
HtmlEncode(leveraged by the <%: %> syntax),
HtmlFormUrlEncode, and
Each of these APIs encode data for different contexts. As described previously, it is very important to make use of the proper function for a given context. Examine the surrounding markup on the page to determine context appropriately and choose the right function or combination of functions. In cases where it's necessary to encode more than once, be aware that order is important. For example:
<a href= "http://contoso.com/app.aspx?var=<%:Server.UrlEncode(UntrustedVar)%>"> <%: UntrustedTitle %>
In this example, only a single query string variable is encoded, using the
UrlEncode function.
UrlEncode and
UrlPathEncode are not appropriate for encoding entire URLs. If you need to encode a full URL, it is necessary to, at minimum, validate its URL scheme to avoid allowing URLs with the
JavaScript: or
VBScript: URL schemes. To do this, construct a new
Uri object and then validate the URL scheme as acceptable.
That's really all there is to it. While there are other XSS-related security techniques to evaluate when building your Web technology (such as sandboxing, HTML sanitization, and the like), you will find that proper encoding is what's necessary to prevent the most prevalent XSS bugs.
While XSS remains a pervasive Web threat, a good understanding of Web encoding techniques and their supporting APIs enables you to secure your Web applications. While all modern application platforms provide the necessary APIs to enable output encoding, it's up to individual developers to effectively apply the proper functions in the appropriate context.
The AntiXSS Library is available for download at no cost. Special thanks to Levi Broderick and Barry Dorrans for contributing to this article.
David Ross is a Principal Security Software Engineer on the MSRC Engineering team at Microsoft. Prior to joining MSRC Engineering in 2002, Ross spent his formative years on the Internet Explorer Security Team.


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One of the nation's most successful coaches over the past six seasons, Bo Pelini has guided Nebraska to six consecutive nine-win seasons and a bowl appearance each season while leading the Husker program.
But Pelini isn't focused on his individual accomplishments. His focus is on the team and the process. Pelini's process is working, as he owns a 58-24 record as the head coach of the Huskers. He has directed his teams to three 10-win seasons and three appearances in conference championship games while at Nebraska.
In Nebraska's 2013 season-opening victory over Wyoming, Pelini picked up his 50th victory as Cornhusker head coach, making him the fifth Nebraska coach to reach that milestone, joining Tom Osborne, Bob Devaney, Frank Solich and Dana X. Bible. Pelini's 57 wins from 2008 to 2013 are the ninth-most for any coach in the country in that time period.
Pelini's performance in his first six seasons in Lincoln has put him in impressive company. Among schools currently in one of the five power conferences (Big Ten, ACC, Big 12, Pac-12, SEC) Pelini is just the eighth head coach in college football history to win at least nine games in each of his first six seasons on the job at that school. The group includes two Nebraska coaches (Osborne, Pelini).
When looking only at coaches in their first head coaching job at a BCS school, Pelini is one of only three to win nine games in each of their first six years, joining Osborne and Barry Switzer (Oklahoma).
The 46-year-old Pelini was among a group of 18 FBS head coaches who were hired for their jobs beginning with the 2008 season. Pelini leads that group in victories over the past six years with 57 wins. In fact, Pelini is one of only six coaches in the group of 18 still in the job they were hired for prior to the 2008 season.
Pelini's success at Nebraska has come after inheriting a Husker team that finished 5-7 the season before his arrival. In 2013, Pelini directed Nebraska to a 9-4 record despite a rash of injuries in the second half of the season. Nebraska posted a 5-3 mark in the Big Ten, marking the sixth straight season Nebraska has had a winning conference record. The Huskers are one of only eight schools in the country to accomplish that feat.
Nebraska showed mental toughness throughout the season, winning all five games that were decided by seven or fewer points. Three of those victories came in the month of November, beginning with a win over Northwestern on the game's final play at Memorial Stadium. The Huskers also went on the road in November and posted victories at Michigan and Penn State, joining an elite group of Big Ten teams to win in both of those road stadiums in the same season. The season concluded with a 24-19 victory over Georgia in the TaxSlayer.com Gator Bowl.
Pelini's 2013 Huskers continued to excel individually on and off the field. I-back Ameer Abdullah has rushed for 1,690 yards this season, the most rushing yards by a Husker since 1997 and the fourth-most in school history. Abdullah was a first-team All-Big Ten selection, a semifinalist for the Doak Walker Award and a third-team All-America choice.
Senior offensive guard Spencer Long earned first-team Academic All-America honors and a National Football Foundation Scholar-Athlete Award. Spencer's twin brother, Jake Long, and C.J. Zimmerer earned second-team Academic All-America recognition, giving Nebraska 11 Academic All-Americans under Pelini.
Nebraska also had 30 student-athletes named to the Academic All-Big Ten team, and 19 of Nebraska's 23 seniors participated in the Gator Bowl as graduates.
Pelini guided Nebraska to a 10-4 mark in 2012 against the nation's fifth-toughest schedule, according to the NCAA. As a testament to Pelini's process, Nebraska excelled in close games in 2012. The Huskers were 5-1 in games decided by fewer than 10 points. His team showed great resiliency to rally from second-half deficits in five of its seven Big Ten victories. Included in those totals were rallies from four double-digit second-half deficits. NU's rally from a 12-point fourth-quarter deficit at Northwestern tied for the largest fourth-quarter comeback in school history and marked the second time a Pelini team had pulled off a 12-point fourth-quarter comeback.
The 2012 Huskers saw five players earn first-team All-Big Ten honors. Quarterback Taylor Martinez and offensive guard Spencer Long were Nebraska's first-team all-conference selections by the league's coaches, while Long completed his journey from walk-on to All-American, earning second-team All-America honors from the Walter Camp Foundation. Joining Long as All-Big Ten honorees by the media were linebacker Eric Martin, safety Daimion Stafford and kicker Brett Maher.
In 2011, Pelini faced the challenge of preparing Nebraska for its first season in the Big Ten Conference. Pelini was up to the task, leading the Huskers to a 9-4 record. Nebraska faced one of the nation's most challenging schedules, highlighted by facing 11 new opponents.
Four of Nebraska's eight conference foes were ranked at the time of the game, including the Huskers' 24-3 victory over No. 9 Michigan State on Oct. 29, that gave Nebraska a win over a top-10 opponent for the second straight season. A win at No. 12 Penn State in November represented the highest-ranked team NU had defeated on the road in 14 seasons. In addition to the ranked teams, seven of the Huskers' eight Big Ten opponents played in a bowl game, and nine of Nebraska's 11 FBS opponents reached the postseason.
Individually, several Huskers flourished under Pelini's coaching in 2011. Lavonte David was chosen as a first-team All-American, the Big Ten Linebacker of the Year, and he also became just the fourth Husker to be named a finalist for the Butkus Award. David, who was only the fifth Blackshirt to post back-to-back 100-tackle seasons, was also a semifinalist for the Chuck Bednarik Award and the Lott Trophy. Despite playing only two seasons at Nebraska, David ranks fourth in school history in career tackles.
Fellow Blackshirt Alfonzo Dennard battled through injuries to earn the Big Ten Defensive Back-of-the-Year award. David and Dennard's honors come on the heels of a Husker being named the Big 12 Defensive Player of the Year in both the 2009 and 2010 seasons.
Brett Maher was also named the Big Ten Punter and Place-kicker of the Year, becoming the first player to win both awards. Maher also became the first player to earn first-team All-Big Ten recognition as the punter and place-kicker in the same season since 2001.
Pelini's leadership helped NU overcome the challenge of playing in a new conference in 2011, while featuring a first-time offensive coordinator and four new assistant coaches. The Huskers also dealt with their share of injuries, among them playing without Dennard for the beginning of the season and losing 2010 All-American Jared Crick for the year in October.
In Pelini's third season in 2010, Nebraska finished with a 10-4 record, giving the Huskers consecutive 10-win seasons for the first time since 2000 and 2001.
During the Huskers' 2010 run, Pelini also guided Nebraska to wins over ranked teams in back-to-back weeks knocking off Oklahoma State and Missouri in late October to take control of the Big 12 North. The victories marked the first time NU had defeated top-20 teams in consecutive games since 1999. The win at No. 17 Oklahoma State marked the highest ranked team NU had defeated on the road since 1997, while the victory over seventh-ranked Missouri in Lincoln was the highest-ranked team NU had defeated in nine seasons.
Pelini's expertise has always been defense, and the 2010 Blackshirts reflected his defensive acumen. The Huskers ranked 11th nationally in total defense, after finishing seventh in that category in 2009. Nebraska also finished in the top 12 in pass efficiency defense, passing yards allowed and scoring defense.
In 2009, Pelini guided Nebraska to a 10-4 record and the Big 12 North championship. The Huskers posted their first 10-win season in six years and were ranked No. 14 in both final national polls, NU's highest ranking at the end of the season since 2001. Nebraska fell just one point and one second short of its first Big 12 title in a decade, dropping a 13-12 decision to second-ranked Texas in the Big 12 Championship Game. Nebraska capped the year with a dominant 33-0 shutout of Arizona in the Pacific Life Holiday Bowl, giving Pelini the third of three straight bowl wins to open his head coaching career.
Nebraska's path to the conference title game was not an easy one. After a pair of disappointing October losses, Nebraska stood 4-3 overall and just 1-2 in Big 12 play. However, for a second straight year, Pelini did not waver, using his steady process to get his team back on track as Nebraska played its best football to close the season. The Huskers reeled off five straight wins to end the regular season, including three road victories, and captured the division title by two games.
The resurgence of the Nebraska program under Pelini has been due in large part to defensive improvement – Pelini's area of expertise before taking over as head coach. Just two seasons removed from ranking near the bottom of several Big 12 and national defensive categories, the Blackshirts ascended to a position as one of the nation's most dominant defenses in 2009.
Nebraska led the nation in scoring defense in 2009, allowing just 10.4 points per game, while pitching a pair of shutouts. The 10.4 points per game marked the lowest average allowed by Nebraska since the Blackshirts also led the nation by allowing 9.5 points per game in 1984. The 2009 season also marked the first time NU posted two shutouts since 2003 when Pelini served as defensive coordinator, and the 2009 Huskers held eight of 14 opponents to 10 or fewer points.
The Blackshirts also topped the pass efficiency defense and red zone defense lists and ranked in the top 10 nationally in sacks, rushing defense and total defense. The 272.0 yards per game allowed ranked as NU's best since 1999.
Under Pelini's guidance, defensive tackle Ndamukong Suh was one of the most decorated defensive players in college football history. The first defensive lineman to be a finalist for the Heisman Trophy in 15 seasons, Suh finished fourth in the voting. He was also the first defensive player to be named the Associated Press Player of the Year, and was a unanimous All-American. Suh's hardware included the Outland, Lombardi, Nagurski and Bednarik awards. The award-winning season for Suh came just two seasons after LSU defensive tackle Glenn Dorsey won three major national awards and was an All-American while Pelini served as LSU's defensive coordinator. Suh and Dorsey are the only players in the past 15 seasons to sweep the Nagurski and Bednarik awards.
Pelini guided the Huskers to a 9-4 record in 2008, capped by victories in the Huskers' final four games and six of the season's final seven contests. The late-season surge allowed Nebraska to earn a share of the Big 12 North championship, and the Huskers picked up their ninth win with a 26-21 come-from-behind victory over Clemson in the Konica Minolta Gator Bowl. The win was a fitting conclusion for a team that developed a toughness that was a direct extension of its head coach.
Pelini's nine wins were the most nationally among first-time head coaches in 2008. Nebraska won its final four games of 2008 to carry the longest winning streak into a season since 2000. The 6-1 run to close the year tied for the best by an NU team since 1997, and Nebraska won its final four games for just the second time since 1997.
The success under Pelini in 2008 was attributed to both sides of the football. The Husker offense continued to rank among the nation's best, finishing in the nation's top 20 in passing offense, scoring offense and total offense.
The biggest gains were made on defense, where Pelini implemented his proven system. Nebraska improved its total defensive average by 126.9 yards per game and finished second in the Big 12 in total defense. The run defense allowed 116.5 yards per game, nearly cutting its average from 2007 in half and finishing in the top 25 nationally in that category. The Blackshirts also posted 35 sacks, nearly tripling the total of the previous season.
The successful first season for Pelini came as a result of his ability to quickly implement his attitude and leadership into the program. Nebraska Athletic Director and Hall of Fame coach Tom Osborne named Pelini the 28th head coach in Nebraska football history on Dec. 2, 2007. Pelini wasted no time instilling a disciplined approach on and off the field, while also embracing the traditions of the Cornhusker football program. Pelini built a coaching staff with close ties to both the Pelini family and the Nebraska football family. The Nebraska staff currently includes three former Husker players.
Pelini immediately showed the discipline to handle multiple tasks following his hiring. While quickly taking charge of all aspects of the Nebraska program, Pelini was also committed to finishing what he had started at LSU. Pelini returned to Baton Rouge in mid-December of 2007 and successfully orchestrated the Tigers' defensive game plan for the BCS National Championship Game against Ohio State. The 38-24 win was keyed by a defense that forced three turnovers and had five sacks.
Following the championship victory, Pelini turned his full focus to Nebraska. His first order of business in Lincoln was to pull together the Huskers' 2008 recruiting class. Pelini successfully organized and led a recruiting charge that allowed Nebraska to sign a talented and balanced recruiting class that February.
Pelini also understands the importance of the storied Nebraska walk-on program, and has integrated it as a key part of the Huskers' recruiting plan. The Cornhusker staff has welcomed more than 115 walk-ons to the program in Pelini's first six recruiting classes, and will continue to make the walk-on program a focus in future years.
Pelini has also reached out to two groups that form the backbone of the tradition-rich Nebraska program-its former players and its passionate fan base.
Former Cornhuskers have rallied behind Pelini's blue-collar approach. In turn the head coach has opened his door to those who helped build the program. Pelini has made a strong effort to connect with former players and those past Cornhuskers have become a fixture in the football offices and at practices.
Pelini has made regular public appearances around the state, reaching out to the nation's most loyal fans. The widespread support for Pelini has been evident at every stop and his simple, humble approach is a perfect fit with Nebraskans. The support for Pelini has been evident since his arrival, beginning with 80,000 fans at the Red-White Spring Game in April of 2008 to loyal followings on the road, at bowl games in Jacksonville and San Diego and the 2009 and 2010 Big 12 Championship Games in Arlington, Texas. That continued in 2011 and 2012 as Husker fans have followed the Big Red through its first three seasons of Big Ten Conference action.
While devoting time to former players, fans and attracting talented future Huskers, Pelini's No. 1 professional priority has been, and always will be, the current players in his program. Players have responded to his straight-forward message and process: Work hard, do the right thing and success will follow.
That hard work and discipline does not end on the field. Pelini's players have excelled in the classroom as well since he took over the program. Among Nebraska's 23-player 2013 senior class, 19 student-athletes had earned their degree before the Gator Bowl, and all 23 are on track to graduate by August of 2014. Overall, 123 of 130 players in Pelini's first six senior classes are on track to earn their degree by August of 2014.
Twenty of Pelini's players have earned CoSIDA Academic All-District honors, with nine players earning Academic All-America honors. Offensive guard Spencer Long earned first-team Academic All-America honors in 2013 to continue Nebraska's academic excellence under Pelini.
I-back Rex Burkhead earned first-team Academic All-America honors for a second straight season in 2012, while linebacker Sean Fisher was a second-team choice for the second straight year. In 2010 and 2011, safety Austin Cassidy was a two-time first-team selection. Pelini's first two Academic All-Americans were 2008 second-team selections Todd Peterson and Tyler Wortman. Pelini has also seen 123 of his players earned first-team academic all-conference honors during the past six years.
The wide-spread success Pelini has enjoyed in his first six seasons in Lincoln should come as no surprise. Prior to being named head coach, Pelini enjoyed five seasons as college football's most successful defensive coordinator. But the success story started much earlier during Pelini's youth. The youngest of eight children, Pelini grew up in the hard-nosed town of Youngstown, Ohio. Pelini's parents instilled the discipline at a young age that has guided Bo to success both in and out of athletics.
Pelini's passion for athletics began in Youngstown. After a standout prep career at Cardinal Mooney High School, Pelini went on to Ohio State. A hard-hitting safety, he was known for his passionate and relentless play. Teammates recognized his leadership and elected Pelini a team captain as a senior.
The tradition of being part of winning programs did not end after Pelini's playing career. His coaching career has featured success at every stop along the way. A Super Bowl ring and a national championship are part of Pelini's impressive resume.
That coaching resume included a one-year stop as defensive coordinator at Nebraska. During the 2003 season, Pelini quickly learned the traditions of Nebraska football and its passionate fan base. In turn, Husker fans recognized the discipline and passion instilled by Pelini in the Blackshirt defense.
His first stop in Lincoln marked Pelini's first full-time college coaching job. During that 2003 season, Pelini engineered a dominant Blackshirt defense. The energized, relentless unit finished among the Big 12 and nation's best in nearly every defensive category.
Nebraska finished the year ranked first nationally in pass efficiency defense, second in scoring defense and 11th in total defense. The Huskers set a school and Big 12 record with 32 interceptions and tied an NU record with 47 takeaways, helping Nebraska lead the nation in turnover margin.
Pelini began his second tour of duty at Nebraska in 2008 with a victory on his resume. His first tenure in Lincoln was capped by serving as the interim head coach for Nebraska's dominant 17-3 win over Michigan State in the 2003 Alamo Bowl. In the win, the defense held MSU to just 174 total yards and a first-quarter field goal.
More defensive dominance followed in Pelini's next two stops at Oklahoma and LSU. Pelini served as the co-defensive coordinator on Bob Stoops' staff at Oklahoma in 2004, helping the Sooners win a Big 12 title and reach the national championship game against USC. Oklahoma finished the season ranked sixth nationally in rush defense, 11th in scoring defense and 13th in total defense.
In his three seasons as the defensive coordinator at LSU from 2005 to 2007, Pelini's dominant defenses helped the Tigers compile a 34-6 record, including the 2007 BCS national championship and the Southeastern Conference championship. The BCS title game in January of 2008 marked the third time in four years that Pelini was a part of a team that played in a BCS game.
The play of Pelini's defenses was a key part of LSU's success. The Tigers ranked third in the nation in total defense in 2007, surrendering an average of 288.8 yards per game. LSU also ranked in the top 25 nationally in pass efficiency defense (3rd), passing yards allowed per game (9th), rush defense (14th) and scoring defense (17th). Defensive tackle Glenn Dorsey was the nation's most decorated defender in 2007, earning the Outland Trophy, the Lombardi Award and the Bronko Nagurski Trophy, while safety Craig Steltz earned All-America honors.
Pelini's defenses have a history of swarming to the football. LSU forced 36 turnovers in 2007, the third-most takeaways in the country. The Tigers' 2007 defensive success was the standard for Pelini at LSU, as each of his three LSU defenses ranked No. 3 nationally in total defense.
Pelini's 2006 unit surrendered just 242.8 yards per game, the fewest by a Tiger team since 1976. A pair of Tigers earned first-team All-America honors, including Dorsey and safety LaRon Landry, who went on to become the sixth overall pick in the NFL Draft by the Washington Redskins.
In 2005, the Tigers allowed just 266.9 yards per game, and ranked in the top 10 nationally in all four major defensive categories, including third in total defense, scoring defense and pass efficiency defense. Kyle Williams and Claude Wroten were both first-team All-America selections.
Overall, the 11 college teams Pelini has been a part of have compiled an impressive 113-34 record, winning at least nine games every season. His defenses have posted 10 shutouts and held the opposition to seven points or less 41 times.
Before joining the Huskers in 2003, Pelini had nine years of NFL experience, one season at a Division I university, and one year in the high school ranks. Pelini broke into the NFL in 1994 as assistant secondary coach for the San Francisco 49ers. With the 49ers, Pelini coached in the Super Bowl, helping San Francisco to a 49-26 win over San Diego in Super Bowl XXIX. Pelini held that position for three years before moving to the Patriots. He spent three years as New England's linebackers coach under coach Pete Carroll, helping the Patriots to a 27-21 record and two playoff appearances.
After three years with the Patriots, Pelini moved to the Packers, coaching linebackers for three seasons. In three years in Green Bay with head coach Mike Sherman, the Packers posted a 33-15 record and advanced twice to the playoffs. In 2002, the Packer defense ranked fourth in the NFL in pass defense, allowing 188.4 yards per game.
Pelini got his start in coaching in 1991, serving as a graduate assistant coach at Iowa under Hayden Fry. From there he moved into the high school ranks, serving as quarterbacks coach at Cardinal Mooney High School in Youngstown, Ohio in 1993 before taking the leap to the 49ers.
A standout free safety at Ohio State from 1987 to 1990, Pelini earned four letters for the Buckeyes. He was coached by Earle Bruce in 1987 and John Cooper his final three seasons. Pelini helped the Buckeyes to a 15-8 record over his final two seasons as a starter, and he was a three-time selection to the Academic All-Big Ten team. As a senior co-captain Pelini received the "Bo Rein Award," given annually to the Buckeyes' most inspirational player.
After earning his bachelor's degree in business marketing from Ohio State in 1990, Pelini completed his master's degree in sports administration at Ohio University in 1992. Pelini and his wife, Mary Pat, have three children, a 15-year-old son, Patrick, and two daughters, Kate, 13 and Caralyn, 11.
The Bo Pelini File
Birthdate: Dec. 13, 1967 in Youngstown, Ohio
Wife: Mary Pat
Children: Patrick, Kate, and Caralyn
High School: Cardinal Mooney, 1986
College: Ohio State, 1990
Playing Experience
1987-90, Ohio State, free safety
Head Coaching Experience
2013, Nebraska, 9-4, won 24-19 over Georgia in Gator Bowl
2012, Nebraska, 10-4, lost 45-31 to Georgia in Capital One Bowl
2011, Nebraska, 9-4, lost 30-13 to South Carolina in Capital One Bowl
2010, Nebraska, 10-4, lost 19-7 to Washington in Holiday Bowl
2009, Nebraska, 10-4, won 33-0 over Arizona in Holiday Bowl
2008, Nebraska, 9-4, won 26-21 over Clemson in Gator Bowl
2003, Nebraska (interim head coach), 1-0, won 17-0 over Michigan State in Alamo Bowl
Assistant Coaching Experience
2005-07, LSU, defensive coordinator
2004, Oklahoma, co-defensive coordinator, defensie backs
2003, Nebraska, defensive coordinator, interim head coach for Alamo Bowl
2000-02, Green Bay Packers, linebackers
1997-99, New England Patriots, linebackers
1994-96, San Francisco 49ers, assistant secondary
1993, Cardinal Mooney High School, quarterbacks
1991, Iowa, graduate assistant
Bowl and Playoff Experience
Hall of Fame Bowl
lost to Auburn, 31-14
Liberty Bowl
lost to Air Force, 23-11
Holiday Bowl
Iowa tied BYU, 13-13
NFC Divisional Playoffs
49ers def. Bears, 44-15
NFC Conference Finals
49ers def. Cowboys, 38-28
Super Bowl XXIX
49ers def. Chargers, 49-26
NFC Divisional Playoffs
49ers lost to Packers, 27-17
NFC Wild Card Game
49ers def. Eagles, 14-0
NFC Divisional Playoffs
49ers lost to Packers, 35-14
AFC Divisional Playoffs
Patriots lost to Steelers, 7-6
AFC Wild Card Game
Patriots lost to Jaguars, 25-10
NFC Wild Card Game
Packers def. 49ers, 25-15
NFC Divisional Playoffs
Packers lost to Rams, 45-17
NFC Divisional Playoffs
Packers lost to Falcons, 27-7
Alamo Bowl
Nebraska def. Michigan State,
Orange Bowl
Oklahoma lost to USC, 55-19
Peach Bowl
LSU def. Miami, 40-3
Sugar Bowl
LSU def. Notre Dame, 41-14
|BCS National Championship
|LSU def. Ohio State, 38-24
Gator Bowl
Nebraska def. Clemson, 26-21
Holiday Bowl
|Nebraska def. Arizona, 33-0
|Holiday Bowl
|Nebraska lost to Washington, 19-7
|Capital One Bowl
Nebraska lost to South Carolina, 30-13
|Capital One Bowl
Nebraska lost to Georgia, 45-31
|Gator Bowl
Nebraska def. Georgia, 24-19
NCAA Defensive Rankings Under Pelini
Pass Eff.
Pass Yds.


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Welcome to the PKP Development wiki! We're providing this as a resource for developers, translators, managers and other users to share ideas and work on common problems.
Some pages (such as the roadmaps and milestones pages) are actively maintained by the PKP team itself, and are protected from non-PKP edits. We're happy to see additions to other pages, and new pages as well, although we do request that you register and log in to contribute. We may suggest a framework for additions to the site, but if there's a way you want to go about it that's logical and easy to follow, by all means do so.
- 1 PKP Development Wiki
- 1.1 Software Project Pages
- 1.2 Development Topics
- 1.3 Usability/Web Design
- 1.4 Administrative Tasks
- 2 Local Community Pages
PKP Development Wiki
Software Project Pages
Open Journal Systems
Open Conference Systems
Open Monograph Press
Open Harvester Systems
PKP Web Application Library
Citation Mark-Up Assistant / XML (was Lemon8)
Project Proposals
Development Topics
Community Innovation
We welcome software innovation proposals from all community members, regarding any of our applications. Proposals may concern areas such as development, design, and testing, or other areas of interest. To understand how we manage proposals, please see the Community Innovation Proposal Procedure page. For examples of innovation proposals in various states of completion, see the Community Innovation List.
- Information for Developers (patch guidelines; dev env; PHP4 compat, etc.)
- Working with Git
- JavaScript coding conventions
- Third Party Library Integration Policy
- Migration issues
- Localization
Code Design
- Router Architecture
- AJAX framework
- Authorization Framework
- Metadata and Filter Framework
- Data Access Objects (DAO)
Usability/Web Design
Open Monograph Press
Administrative Tasks
- Maintain git and CVS synchronized
- HOW-TO import and export to and from Git and CVS
- Writing Documentation
Local Community Pages
- Deutschsprachige PKP-Entwicklerseiten (German OJS Developer Community)


text:
GERMANY: Fibre firm Trevira files for insolvency
India's Reliance Industries Ltd has started insolvency proceedings at its European textile subsidiary Trevira GmbH, less than a month after hiring a restructuring expert to take charge of the unit.
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Gabrielle Giffords
On January 8, 2011, Congresswoman Gabrielle Giffords is critically injured when a man goes on a shooting spree during a constituents meeting held outside a Tucson-area supermarket. Six people died in the attack and another 13, including Giffords, were wounded.
The gunman, 22-year-old Jared Lee Loughner, was taken into custody at the scene. Giffords, an Arizona native and Democrat who was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in 2006, arrived at the Casas Adobes Safeway store at 10 a.m. on January 8 to host a Congress at Your Corner event. The popular politician, just the third woman from Arizona ever elected to Congress, sat outside at a table, speaking with constituents who had lined up to see her. Ten minutes later, Loughner, an Arizona resident, approached the 40-year-old Giffords and shot her at point-blank range with a 9 mm semiautomatic pistol. He then opened fire on the people standing in line. A short time later, while Loughner attempted to reload his gun, bystanders tackled him and held him until police arrived. Giffords, who was hit with a bullet that fractured her skull and pierced the left side of her brain, was transported to a Tucson hospital. Some early news reports claimed she had not survived the shooting.
Investigators soon discovered evidence at Loughner's home indicating he had targeted the congresswoman in an assassination plot, and that he had a history of posting anti-government rants on the Internet. It also came to light that in the fall of 2010 Loughner was informed by officials at Tucson's Pima Community College, where he was a student, that after exhibiting disruptive, bizarre behavior in classes and in the library he would not be allowed to return to school until he got a mental-health clearance. Rather than complying, Loughner dropped out of college.
On January 12, 2011, President Obama spoke at a large public memorial service in Tucson for the victims of the shooting spree. Among the dead were a 9-year-old girl, a 63-year-old federal judge and a 30-year-old member of Giffords' staff. Later that month, Giffords was transferred to a rehabilitation hospital in Houston, Texas, where she would relearn how to walk and talk. Also in late January, Loughner pleaded not guilty to a series of federal charges against him, including the attempted assassination of a congressional member. In March, he pleaded not guilty to an additional 49 counts stemming from the shootings.
In May, Giffords traveled from the hospital in Houston to the Kennedy Space Center in Florida to watch the launch of the final flight of space shuttle Endeavour, commanded by her husband, astronaut Mark Kelley. The following month, the congresswoman was released from the rehab hospital and began outpatient treatment. On August 1, she made a surprise return to the floor of the U.S. House of Representatives for the first time since she was shot, in order to vote in favor of passing a deal to raise the nation's debt ceiling. On January 25, 2012, Giffords resigned from Congress in order to concentrate on her continuing recovery. In August of that same year, Loughner pleaded guilty to 19 of the crimes he was charged with, including killing six people. As part of the plea agreement, federal prosecutors agreed not to seek the death penalty against him. On November 8, 2012, Loughner was sentenced to life in prison without parole.
Visit Michael Thomas Barry's official author website – www.michaelthomasbarry.com and order his true crime book, Murder and Mayhem 52 Crimes that Shocked Early California 1849-1949, from Amazon or Barnes and Noble through the following links:
Amazon - http://www.amazon.com/Murder-Mayhem-Shocked-California-1849- 1949/dp/0764339680/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1352214939&sr=8-1&keywords=michael+thomas+bar
Barnes and Noble - http://www.barnesandnoble.com/w/murder-and-mayhem-michael-thomas-barry/1110912205?ean=9780764339684


text: By Sara Beth Aubrey. Published in 2007, this book will help you develop a business plan, conduct market research, secure financing, comply with USDA and other food safety guidelines, protect your assets, create a marketing plan, determine pricing, choose your selling areas. This book also has small-fram success stories, financial assistance sources, market and selling ideas, and business plan forms and documents. Definitely one of the most complete and helpful sources for starting a farm business. The stories sprinkled throughout the book are most illuminating. A large (8-1/2" x 11") format; paperback; 176 pages.


text:
Digital Object Identifier (DOI) Repository that contains articles from the leading Serbian scientific journals. All articles are published under Open Access.
Driving force behind open access
Authors: their work is not seen by all their peers – do not receive the recognition they deserve
Readers: cannot view all research literature they need – less effective
Libraries: cannot satisfy information needs of their users
10/28/2011 · Open Access success storiesMaking Serbia's scientific journals part of international scientific publishing:
Interview with mr. Biljana Kosanovic
10/25/2011 · LinksJournal Title SuppressionsCasting A Wide Net: The Journal Impact Factor NumeratorCited Title UnificationPromene u zakonu o obaveznom primerku


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text:
Jolt Awards: The Best Books, September 18, 2012 Six notable books that every serious programmer should read.
2012 Jolt Award: Specification by Example: How Successful Teams Deliver the Right Software
by Gojko Adzic
This excellent book by a well-known advocate of Agile testing, who has previously written about Cucumber and FitNesse, takes you through an extraordinarily comprehensive dissection of the essence of the software specification process. It successfully aligns specifications with the tenets of modern development methodologies, particularly Agile and its cousins. Using a variety of case studies, one of which is sure to feel applicable to your own project, Adzic shows how the old-school ideas of specification still remarkably improve the likelihood of delivering the right product. The principal ideas are collaborative user involvement; user-friendly documentation styles (as opposed to programmer-friendly styles); overlapping the roles of user, analyst, developer, or tester; and frequent, automated specification validation. Woven into every page are typically two or three subtle tips to buttress the successful employment of these ideas. For people new to the ideas, each tip often comes paired with a specific "when to use this" hint.
Recognizing that some of the concepts may be new in your environment, Adzic devotes a chapter to identifying potential leverage points to insert the ideas into an existing project. This alone provides much more relevance than many similar books can offer. The weakness is that the material does not discuss how to get the required upper-management support for the obvious cultural change that is implied by this approach. A consultant familiar with those culture change issues may need to help you with that. Also, this chapter does not deal with another problem; namely, not all personality types can handle the overlapped roles. In this regard, this book pairs ideally with the Jolt finalist, How Google Tests Software by James Whitaker, et al., a book that also finds value in widened roles.
The power of this book comes from a sometimes subtle and sometimes overt imperative for developers and users to trust one another, to work in concert in overlapping ways, and to leverage specifications as living documents in this process. That, by itself, makes this book highly recommended.
— Roland Racko


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Plan to meet your advisor before you register. If you have fewer than 60 credit hours you are required to meet with your advisor BEFORE you can register. Check WebAdvisor to find out who your advisor is. If none is listed you can contact the Recruitment and Retention Specialists in your college.
Business & Natural Sciences - Dana Weber at firstname.lastname@example.com or (605) 642-6277
Education & Behavioral Sciences - Melissa Woodall at firstname.lastname@example.com or (605) 642-6132
Liberal Arts - Janette Hettick at firstname.lastname@example.com or (605) 642-6934
If a student's cumulative grade point average (GPA) falls below a 2.0 in any academic term (fall, spring, summer), the student is placed on academic probation the following term.
While on probation, a student MUST earn a grade point average of 2.0 or better. When a student on probation achieves a cumulative GPA of 2.0 or above, the student is returned to good academic standing. The purpose of this contract is to help you return to good academic standing and improve your academic record.
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Petitioners who successfully appeal their suspension, and students who are admitted conditionally to BHSU, are allowed to register according to certain conditions determined by the Academic Standards Committee. If a students earns a 2.0 or above during his/her probationary semester, he/she will be allowed to continue on probation until the cumulative GPA is above a 2.0, which is good standing. Print a copy of the
Black Hills State University Academic Appeals Form. For more information call 605-642-6951.
Black Hills State University Student Success Center 1200 University St. Unit 9518 Spearfish, SD 57799-9518 (605) 642-6951 firstname.lastname@example.com


text:
Key Specs
5131 sq/ft
5 Bedrooms
4.5 Baths
1 Story
2 Garages
This plan can be customized!
Tell us about your desired changes so we can prepare an estimate for the design service. Click the button to submit your request for pricing, or call 1-800-913-2350 for assistance.
Full Specs & Features
Basic Features
Exterior Wall Framing
Bedroom Features
Kitchen Features
Additional Room Features
Garage Features
Lot Characteristics
Outdoor Spaces
What's included in this plan setSee a sample plan set
Floor Plans:
Each plan comes with a professionally designed, fully dimensioned Floor Plan indicating the size and location of all walls, doors, windows and special features. Fireplace details are included where applicable. Door and window schedules are included to provide detailed information regarding opening sizes and window types. Each plan is supplemented with specific and general notes, room labels, area calculations, light and ventilation calculations, and ceiling heights.
Kitchen and Bath Layouts:
The general layout of kitchens and baths is shown on the floor plan and include fixtures and cabinetry.
All Plans have scale exterior elevations that show front, rear, left and right sides. These are detailed representations that graphically display heights of significant building features and design elements. Exterior finishes, ornamental design elements, roof type and roof pitch are generally shown on the elevations.
Wall Sections and Building Sections are incorporated into the set to show a profile slice of the building to indicate recommended methods and materials of construction, including second floor joist framing.
Structural Plans:
All building structural requirements are engineered and fully detailed with beam, ledger, footing, column, and header schedules, notes and any special condition (like stairs and residential elevators) and framing details. Connector schedules are based on engineered uplift calculations.
Foundation Plan:
Most Plans come with engineered reinforced slab foundations. These include thickened edge and footing sizes, section markers, and mechanical equipment locations, as well as all building code related notes.
Roof Plan:
Roof and Roof Framing Plans are aerial views showing roof slopes, ridges, hips and valleys. In addition to the basic rooflines, our roof plans have specifically engineered truss drawings that show the length, spacing and layout of all roof structural members.
Mechanical Plans:
Most plans have separate, fully engineered Mechanical Plans that show detailed information regarding building mechanical systems, and specific equipment details and specifications.
Electrical Plans:
Electrical Plans are included separately to provide the level of detail you could only expect from an experienced architect. These drawings fully represent the location of all fixtures, switches and outlets. Lighting calculations, electrical symbol legend, typical Arc Interrupting Current calculations, riser diagrams and panel schedules are also included.
Plumbing Plan:
Plan sets include the layout of all plumbing fixtures and normally have a plumbing isometric riser diagram with each fixture labeled.
Plan Options
|PDF Set Best Value!
|PDF plan sets are best for fast electronic delivery and inexpensive local printing.
|CAD Set
|For use by design professionals to make substantial changes to your house plan and inexpensive local printing.
|Single Set
|One printed set for bidding purposes only. Not a legal building set for construction.
Foundation Options
|Ideal for level lot, single layer concrete poured directly on grade.
*Options with a fee may take time to prepare. Please call to confirm.
Additional Options
|Additional Copies
|Additional hard copies of the plan (can be ordered at the time of purchase and within 90 days of the purchase date).
|Right-Reading Reverse
|Choose this option to reverse your plans and to have the text and dimensions readable. Click here for more information.
*Options with a fee may take time to prepare. Please call to confirm.
Unless you buy an "unlimited" plan set or a multi-use license you may only build one home from a set of plans. Please call to verify if you intend to build more than once. Plan licenses are non-transferable and cannot be resold.
We offer a 90% credit when you upgrade from a set, that is not for construction, to a 5-Copy set (or greater).
How much will this cost to build?
This report will provide you cost estimates based on location and building materials.Get Cost-to-Build Report
We will be in touch shortly.
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Important Information
All sales on house plans and customization/modifications are final. No refunds or exchanges can be given once your order has started the fulfillment process.
All house plans from Houseplans are designed to conform to the local codes when and where the original house was constructed.
In addition to the house plans you order, you may also need a site plan that shows where the house is going to be located on the property. You might also need beams sized to accommodate roof loads specific to your region. Your home builder can usually help you with this. You may also need a septic design unless your lot is served by a sanitary sewer system. Many areas now have area-specific energy codes that also have to be followed. This normally involves filling out a simple form providing documentation that your house plans are in compliance.
In some regions, there is a second step you will need to take to insure your house plans are in compliance with local codes. Some areas of North America have very strict engineering requirements. Examples of this would be, but not limited to, earthquake-prone areas of California and the Pacific Coast, hurricane risk areas of the Florida, Gulf & Carolina Coasts. New York, New Jersey, Nevada, and parts of Illinois require review by a local professional as well. If you are building in these areas, it is most likely you will need to hire a state licensed structural engineer to analyze the design and provide additional drawings and calculations required by your building department. If you aren't sure, building departments typically have a handout they will give you listing all of the items they require to submit for and obtain a building permit.
Additionally, stock plans do not have a professional stamp attached. If your building department requires one, they will only accept a stamp from a professional licensed in the state where you plan to build. In this case, you will need to take your house plans to a local engineer or architect for review and stamping. In addition, plans which are used to construct homes in Nevada are required to be drawn by a licensed Nevada architect.
Best Price Policy
Some of our plans are also available on other websites and in printed catalogs. We are committed to selling these plans at or below the lowest price available elsewhere. If you find a regularly priced plan (not "on-sale") for a lower price, we'll beat the advertised price by 5%. We will match the price for any on-sale plans.
Once our staff is able to verify that the same plan is offered at a lower published price, Houseplans will offer the plan for sale at the lower published price less 5%. Our discount is available for immediate plan purchase only. Please call us at 1-800-913-2350.
The advertised item must be the same plan as the product being purchased, including set type (5-copy, 8-copy, Reproducible, or CAD Set), foundation options, and any miscellaneous details. Advertised prices must be in the same currency that the original product was purchased in. Our Price Guarantee does not apply to advertising errors or misprints, special prices, restricted offers, mail order offers, rebates, coupons, premiums, free or bonus offers, OEM products, limited or minimum quantity or limited time offers, close-outs, liquidations, clearances, and special financing offers.
Full sets of plans only, such as PDF, 5-copy, 8-copy, Reproducible, or CAD, are eligible for this offer. 1-copy Sets, Study Sets, Additional Sets, Materials Lists are not eligible for this offer.


text:
The American tribal love-rock musical comes back to Broadway.
The psychedelic pulse of Hair hit Central Park on August 7, as the cast of the 40th anniversary revival of of the peace-loving show took its opening night bows in front of a packed house at the Delacorte Theatre. The Age of Aquarius dawned in the park as a star-studded audience, including big names like Philip Seymour Hoffman, Marisa Tomei, Kathleen Turner and original Hair cast member Ben Vereen, watched. The tribal love-rock musical is especially significant to the Public, as it was the first show ever to debut at a then fledgling Shakespeare Public Theater in 1967 (the show eventually moved to Broadway, of course). At the end of night's performance, as a heady cast including Spring Awakening alum Jonathan Groff and 110 in the Shade's Will Swenson gathered onstage for their infectious finale, the sky opened up and poured rain on the ecstatic audience and players, lending a little extra drama to an already remarkable evening. A damp but joyous afte


text:
Error code 30145-4
You might see Office Error code 30145-4 if your antivirus software, firewall, or proxy settings prevent you from installing Office. To resolve the problem, temporarily turn off your antivirus software, firewall, or proxy settings, install Office, and then turn the settings back on.
Causes for the Office install error code 30145-4
1. Your security software or your firewall might be blocking the Office installation.
2. Proxy settings are enabled on your computer.
3. The pre-existing version of an Office Suite.
4. Incomplete\partial\failed repair\installation\change\removal of the Office Suite.
Fixing 30145-4 Office error code
Turn OFF Security software and Firewall:
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Click on downloaded file and installation prepares.
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Follow the simple onscreen instructions.
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You may check if the Microsoft Office applications are working fine.
If the issue is still not fixed, it can be a very critical problem with your computer. It can affect your personal data and the Windows Operating System. Windows registry and System files affected. It needs a manual removal and recommended to be performed by an expert.
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