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Law for Librarians
The Law for Librarians wiki is for use by attendees of the April, 2006 Law for Librarians seminar. Representatives from ALA state and regional chapters agreed to be responsible for two trainings in their home states, and the wiki is for sharing information about the related activities they're engaged in.
State-by-state activity listing
At the annual conference of the Alabama Library Association (April), the state Intellectual Freedom Committee sponsored a film showing of Fahrenheit 451 (with popcorn, even). Those familiar with the book and/or film will remember the "Book People." At the end of the film showing attendees were asked to respond to the question "What book would you become and why?" The Committee is also working to revise the state association's intellectual freedom manual and planning for programming during the coming year. The Committee is particularly interested in developing workshops target to library types: academic, public and school; and for the latter two in particular, dual programs to cover the northern and southern parts of the state (there is a need to make a concerted effort to reach rural libraries, many of which do not have professional librarians on staff).
At the Alaska Library Association conference in February, we'll have a half-day program, either a preconferece or a general workshop, to cover a condensed version of our training last April. Candy Morgan and either the executive director or staff attorney of the ACLU of Alaska will join me. As you can tell, we're still in the planning stages, but I'll upour listing soon.
Ensuring Access Intellectual Freedom Training session was held 04/10/06. This was a training session for current Librarians and Library Technical Assistants of Tucson-Pima Public Library. The training was based on materials from a training session by the same name from Mary Ross of Seattle Public Library and materials introduced at the Law for Librarians Conference. Approximately 25 people attended.
Sept 21, 2006 Main Course- Brown Bag Series - Banned Books Staff of the Main Library of Tucson-Pima Public Library presented Banned Books to an audience of library staff, downtown workers, and library customers. The presentation included information from Ensuring Access materials and Law for Librarians materials in addition to book displays of books in chains, behind bars, burning, etc. 30 people were in attendance.
INTELLECTUAL FREEDOM 101 FOR TEACHER-LIBRARIANS Is scheduled as a preconference program at the AzLA Conference in Mesa, AZ November 14-16. This pre-conference will equip Arizona teacher-librarians with the tools to successfully deal with a book or materials challenge. Participants will learn about the principles of intellectual freedom as well as applicable laws and policies at the state and local levels. Recent book challenges will be examined in order to illustrate the various parts of the book challenge process. All participants will receive a copy of Censorship and Selection: Issues and Answers for Schools by Henry Reichman. Program is being sponsored by the Intellectual Freedom Committee of AzLA and presented by Ann Dutton Ewbank, Ph.D. Education Liaison Librarian Arizona State University at the West campus.
California is presenting a series of webcasts via Infopeople, a project of the California State Library, funded by LSTA as administered by IMLS.
Archived webcasts are free to anyone, including free handouts. Viewers in the California library community may participate live.
Colorado Library Consortium (CLiC) Spring Workshops: April 28, 2006 - IF Basics, Canon City, CO. May 2, 2006 - IF Basics, Durango, CO
Westminster Public Library Staff Development: August 1, 2006, Westminster, CO
Workshop: October 7, 2006 -- Quinnipiac University School of Law, Hamden
"Take Back Our Rights" Conference
- Workshop:
October 13, 2006--Sussex County Department of Libraries Staff Development Day
Carol Fitzgerald presented Module 1 of "Defending access with confidence" by Catherine Lord.
- Workshop:
November 14, 2006--Delaware Division of Libraries, Dover, DE 9:00am-4:00pm
"Intellectual Freedom Workshop" for public libraries
District of Columbia
Article published in Florida Libraries "Challenging Censorship in Miami-Dade County" regarding the controversial removal of the children's book Vamos a Cuba by the Miami-County School Board.
Presentations and Workshops planned for the Florida Library Information Network (SEFLIN & NEFLIN) in various public and academic libraries. Plans to work with the State Librarian on an IF program is also "in the works!"
The IFC and the GLBT of the Florida Library Association will co-sponsor a program at their Annual Conference in Orlando in April, 2007. Lesléa Newman, author of the controversial Heather Has Two Mommies, will give a presentation on why she wrote the book, the difficulties she had getting the book published, and some of the controversies it has caused. A video detailing what happened to a library in Texas when the book was challenged will be presented.
April 26, 2006. Pearl City, Hawaii. "Petitions and the Library as a Public Forum" = presentation at the Oahu Managers' (public librarians) Meeting. Attendance: 36. No formal evaluation, but the handouts shared at similar meetings on the other islands generated a couple of phone calls/consultations.
Nov. 11, 2006. Waikiki Beach Marriott Hotel. Hawaii Library Association Annual Conference. "What To Do When the Censor Comes." Attendance: 17. Although smaller than the earlier workshop, this audience was more varied with representatives from small private schools, public schools, college and university, as well as public libraries.
Jan. 3, 2007. Pearl City, Hawaii. "What To Do When the Censor Comes." Attendance: 37. Adapted the general presentation from Nov. 11 to this audience of public library managers. Added specific documents such as the Hawaii State Public Library System Collection Development Guidelines.
Mar. 7, 2007. Pearl City, Hawaii. "What To Do When the Censor Comes." Attendance: 22. At a statewide meeting of young adult specialists from public libraries, the presentation given on Jan. 3 was modified slightly for this audience, discussing recent complaints such as those on manga and graphic novels.
Mar. 16, 2007. Liliha Public Library, Honolulu. "What To Do When the Censor Comes." Attendance: 29. This presentation was at a statewide meeting of children's librarians. There was much audience interaction as participants brought up recent challenges from their islands and how the customer concerns were answered.
October 4-6, 2006. Idaho Library Association Annual Conference. Presentation on "Dealing with Materials Challenges." Attendance: 27. Handouts included a thick packet of information, including materials received at Law for Librarians. Also, preceding the annual Intellectual Freedom Auction, two librarians from the Nampa Public Library gave a short presentation on a recent book challenge concerning "The Joy of Gay Sex."
I gave a program to the Adult Services Forum (ten people) in our system on confidentiality on May 11 and to a group of 15 public library directors on DOPA on September 15. The state wide programs we are giving are scheduled for March 9, 22, 29, April 12, May 1, 10, and 17 at various systems around our state. These programs will be given by pairs of Intellectual Freedom Committee members and will focus on Defending Access with Confidence by Catherine Lord. We are training the trainers for these programs on November 28 in Champaign. These were in the planning stages last April so we are proceeding with them. I will submit a program for ILA for next year on two or three topics in Intellectual Freedom and focus on whatever I can cover in 1.5 hours. We had a pre-conference to ILA planned for this October but when only 7 signed up, it was cancelled. After the Defending Access programs are done, we will talk about what else we want to do. This is the biggest intellectual freedom project our state has ever initiated so all of my energy is going to it right now.
- Edie Huffman, representing the Indiana Library Federation's (ILF) Intellectual Freedom Committee, made a presentation to the Knox County Public Library and Knox County League of Women Voter's jointly sponsored Public Issues Forum on balancing intellectual freedom and homeland security (audience of approximately 30 people).
- Doug Archer coordinated three presentations at the Indiana Library Federation District 1 Fall Conference in South Bend, IN on October 3, 2006. Attendance varied from 25 to 45 throughout the three sessions. Presenters were Marilyn Irwin, Associate Dean, School of Library & Information Science, Indiana University, Indianapolis and member of the ILF Intellectual Freedom Committee; Rosanne Cordell, Head of Reference, Schurz Library, Indiana University South Bend and Chair, ALA Intellectual Freedom Round Table and Doug Archer, University of Notre Dame.
- Law for Librarians: Overview. Basic constitutional principles and case law behind intellectual freedom and the freedom to read, view and listen to what we choose in America's libraries. Presented by non-lawyers for non-lawyers.
- Law for Librarians: Use of Your Meeting Room. Just who can legally use our library's meeting rooms and exhibit spaces? What kind of policies do we need? What's legal and what's not?
- Law for Librarians: Youth Access. Are there special legal considerations for serving youth and if so what are they? Does intellectual freedom really apply to everyone?
- Law for Librarians: Part Two. Doug led a follow up session at the Spring District 1 Conference at Valparaiso University on Tuesday, March 13 for about 25 people. It included a review of basic principles, updates on pending CIPA and meeting room court cases, and brief presentations on youth and children's access, DOPA, labeling, and privacy and confidentiality issues.
- Marilyn Irwin and Doug Archer also presented "Intellectual Freedom Basics for Schools" to a small audience (less than a dozen) at the Association of Indiana Media Educators' Annual Conference in Indianapolis, IN on November 6, 2006.
- I (EH) have one planned for April of 2007 at an ILF Small and Medium Size Libraries Conference on patron confidentiality and behaviour.
- Doug and Edie will collaborate on presentations at other events, including the 2008 ILF annual conference (potential audience of 1,500+).
- The state IFC has submitted a proposal to the ILF conference planning committee for a Law for Librarians conference-within-a-conference. If the proposal is approved, we will be offering five consecutive sessions on Wednesday, November 14. Deborah Caldwell-Stone, Deputy Director of ALA's OIF will be the keynote speaker and resource person for the event.
- The ILF IFC has also proposed a Thursday morning cross generational discussion of privacy and confidentiality needs and values for the ILF Annual Conference.
Update: 3/30/07. The first of the IF Workshops at our regional library systems was this morning and it got very good reviews. Topics we dealt with were challenges (including selection policies and reconsiderations forms), successful Internet policies, PATRIOT and meeting rooms. Had a fair number of trustees present and they seemed to get a lot out of the workshop.
Intellectual freedom is riding a wave in Iowa this year. We also have Chris Crutcher as the keynote speaker at the Fall Iowa Library Association conference in Iowa City (that took a little work and a couple of connections) and a major IF concurrent session during the conference.
On Sunday, September 17 at the 2006 Maine Libraries Conference at the Augusta Civic Center in Maine, Melora Ranney Norman presented a program on Meeting and Exhibit Room Policies using June Pinnell-Stephens' PowerPoint presentation on the subject. I handed out paper copies of the PowerPoint along with copies of the relevant policies from Alaska libraries and ALA documents including the LBOR, the LBOR interpretations on meeting rooms and exhibits, and some excerpts from relevant laws.
April 20, 2006. Presentation to the Maryland Association of Public Library Administrators on plans to implement in Maryland what was learned at the "Law for Librarians" conference in Chicago.
May 2, 2007. "Can the KKK Meet In The Library? Law for Library Administrators" preconference, Maryland Library Association 2007 annual conference. Can a religious group use the meeting room? Is it a good idea to label parts of the collection according to genre? This presentation by Carrie Gardner and Daniel Mach was well-received by the library administrators in attendence. The overall ratings were 4+ (on a 5 point scale). The 'big ticket" piece of information that attendees carried away was the importance of having policies in place.
May 2, 2007. "What Is This Filth? Law for Front Line Library Staff" preconference, Maryland Library Association 2007 annual conference. 21 attendees. The presenters for the morning portion of the preconference were Carrie Gardner and Steve Anderson of the Maryland State Law Library. They discussed the topics of privacy and confidentiality and rights of youth access to library materials. Mary Somers and Monica McAbee reprised their popular program "Defending Access With Confidence", based on the training program developed by Catherine Lord. Evaluations were positive for this preconference as well. Along with the perennial "concerns" of a too-cold room and a too-short lunch break were some very positive feedback items. Carrie Gardner's presentation was especially praised. The interactive format of the afternoon workshop portion on "Defending Access" was appreciated.
For the future: Mary and Monica will definitely be taking their show on the road. Carrie Gardner has also been preliminarily contacted about doing a fall 2007 program on Youth Access to Library materials.
For the full conference program, please visit us at : [1]
October 27, 2006. "Not in My Town! Censorship, Privacy, and Intellectual Freedom in Small and Rural Libraries", Minnesota Library Association 2006 Annual Conference.
Representatives from the Minnesota Library Association's Intellectual Freedom Committee (me), the Minnesota Coalition Against Censorship, and the ACLU-Minnesota came together to discuss issues highlighted at the "Law for Librarians" conference. In this 2-hour special session, they discussed privacy and confidentiality issues in rural libraries, the importance of having well-thought-out written policies regardless of library size, and what to do when the media comes calling. Approximately 30 people attended this event.
October 28, 2006. "Standing Up to Censorship: An Author's Experience," Minnesota Library Association 2006 Annual Conference.
Children's author, Lisa Westberg Peters, discussed her personal encounters with censorship. After being invited to speak at several schools, Ms. Peters was asked at the last minute not to talk about her book, "Our Family Tree: An Evolution Story," which won the Minnesota Book Award for Children's Nonfiction.
October 26, 2006. "Law for Librarians: A Preview" A two-hour program session sponsored by the MLA Intellectual Freedom Committee at the MLA Annual Conference in Tunica MS.
Fall 2006. Law for Librarians pdf documents "First Amendment and Libraries" and "Internet, CIPA, and Sexual Harassment" (both by Theresa Chmara, 2006) were used in two University of Southern Mississippi School of Library & Information Science online courses, LIS651 Introduction to Information Science and LIS664 Government Publications. In addition, these two documents were posted to the SLIS community website for access by faculty and students for purposes of education.
October 5, 2006. "Libraries and the Law: How the First Amendment Affects Your Policies, Programs and Services." A program sponsored by the MLA Intellectual Freedom Committee at the MLA Annual Conference in Columbia MO.Missouri
Follow-up report on challenge to graphic novels at the Marshall MO Public Library. Missouri 2
Marshall challenge resolved (Posted 3/19/07). Missouri 3
April 12, 2007. Pam Klipsch, MLA IFC Chair to speak at Kansas Library Associations Tri-Conference in Topeka KS. (Posted April 3, 2007). Missouri 4
Plans underway for Collection Development Program at 2007 MLA Conference in Springfield MO, October 2-5, 2007 (Posted April 3, 2007). Missouri 5
"Teens, Privacy and Online Social Networks" is a new report from the Pew Internet and American Life Project issued April 18, 2007. (Posted May 4, 2007). Missouri 6
Law for Librarians policies review (2 hour) workshop scheduled for the Academic/Special/Public Library Divisions of the Montana Library Association at Chico Hot Springs Resort (MT), October 15. http://www.mtlib.org/pld/retreat.html
August 17, 2006. "Patriot Act." A program presented at the Nevada Library Association 2006 Conference held in North Las Vegas (NV).
New Hampshire
The New Hampshire Library Association is presenting as part of its Fall Conference on November 2nd, The Ps and Qs of Talking to the Press: how to handle unsolicited questions from the press with poise, preparation, and plenty of pauses. Mary Ahlgren and the rest of the NH IFC will use suggestions from the Law for Librarians conference and the new IFC manual to generate discussion among the attendees.
New Jersey
New Mexico
October 13, 2006: "Developing an Internet Use Policy: the 1st Amendment, Libraries and the Internet." 1-hour program at the New Mexico Library Association Mini Conference, 15 attendees (5 turned away for lack of space).
October 13, 2006: "NMLA & Intellectual Freedom Issues--a Focus Group Discussion." 1 hour facilitated discussion at the New Mexico Library Association Mini Conference, 25 attendees.
October 25, 2006: "Intellectual Freedom, Libraries and Legislation." 45-minute presentation to the League of Women Voters at their "Lunch with a Leader" program, 10 attendees.
Other Activities
Upon my return from the Law for Librarians training, the New Mexico Library Association asked me to lead a Task Force to determine an appropriate role for NMLA in IF issues and to assess whether a separate IF committee (rather than having a combined Legislation and Intellectual Freedom Committee as is currently the case) would better serve the needs of association members. The Task Force is in the process of conducting that assessment. We met in June and will meet again in December to formulate our response to the charge from the NMLA executive board. In order to determine what is needed, we are conducting focus groups in addition to an on-line survey. In the meantime, myself and another member of the Task Force have presented the above programs.
Future Activities
We hope to partner with Jim Heckel and the MPLA IF Committee on two programs at our upcoming joint conference in Albuquerque in March 2007. More on these later if they are accepted by the program committee (and I have every expectation that they will be). Jim has done the hard work of proposing and developing the programs and, for the one, getting a national speaker on board—we are hanging onto his coat tails. This promises to be a great collaboration that probably would not have come about without the Law for Librarians training, at which we made contact.
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
The First Amendment, Privacy and Your Library Pre-Conference North Dakota Library Association Annual Conference September 20, 2006 Fargo, ND Also, a session entitle Responding to Intellectual Freedom Challenges North Dakota Library Association September 21, 2006 Fargo, ND
Meeting with Representatives from four state Regional Library Systems to present and review material received at Law for Librarians. Each representative received a complete packet of information, including CD, courtesy of OLC (Ohio Library Council).
Date: July 13
Time: 10 - 3
Number of Attendees: 10
Evaluation of Success: Regional Libraries, state library and Ohio Library Council positioned to work together to raise awareness of Law for Librarians material and offer sessions on the various modules throughout the state as the need arises. Plan to concentrate on making sessions available at Library staff in-service days.
Intellectual Freedom Committee, Ohio Library Council Meeting with current IF committee to present and review material received at Law for Librarians. Each IF member received complete packet of information, including CD.
Date: July 28
Time: 10 - 3
Number of Attendees: 8
Evaluation of Success: State IF members plan to incorporate material into existing presentations and create at least one new session for spring State Chapter conferences. Long-term plan is to create presentations to fill an IF track at biannual statewide conferences.
March 6, 2007 - "1st Amendment -- It's not just for adults!" A full day workshop on youth rights to information access - presented by Dr. Carrie Gardner for the Oklahoma Library Association.
April 4, 2007 - "John Doe Ungagged" Four Connectict librarians vs. the USA PATRIOT ACT! Hear from three of the librarians who were served a National Security letter from the FBI. Listen to them explain how the USA PATRIOT Act took away their constitutional right of free speech. Presented at the Oklahoma Library Assocation's 100th Anniversary Conference.
Oregon Library Association: All-day preconference entitled "Legal Ease: What Staff, Administrators, and Trustees Need to Know about Libraries and the Law."
Wednesday, April 18, 2007, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon.
The Pennsylvania Department of Education Office of Commonwealth Libraries and the Pennsylvania Department of Education sponsored two all-day programs on Law for Librarians. They were held in Harrisburg on October 31, 2006 and in Pittsburgh on November 8, 2006. There were a total of 230 school, public and academic librarians in attendance. The programs were very popular and many participants stated that more such sessions are needed. The agenda was as follows:
Introduction – Diana Megdad and Carrie Gardner; Internet Security and CIPA – Carrie Gardner; Youth Access and Materials Challenges – Carrie Gardner; Case Studies – Jan O'Rourke; Internet Privacy and the Patriot Act – Bruce Walter; Meeting Room and Display Cases – Matt Kane; Patron Behavior – Bruce Walter; Wrap Up and Evaluations – Diana Megdad.
Dr. Carrie Gardner is an assistant professor of Library and Information Science at Catholic University of America. Attorney J. Bruce Walter has attended ALA's Lawyers for Libraries program and is a public library trustee. Jan O'Rourke is the chair of the Pennsylvania Library Association's Intellectual Freedom Committee. Diana Megdad and Matt Kane are advisors with the Office of Commonwealth Libraries.
Rhode Island Carla Weiss wrote article on Law for Librarians in the Rhode Island Library Association's RILA Bulletin. (http://www.uri.edu/library/rila/SUMMERBULL.pdf)
The HELIN Consortium Access Services Committee will be sponsoring a workshop entitled "Privacy and Confidentiality in the Library" from 9am – noon on Friday, March 23, 2007 to be held at Bryant University in the library – Room 102. Our speakers will be Carla Weiss, Reference Librarian/Collection Development Coordinator at RIC and Jim Teliha, Head of Access Services at URI.
The workshop will address the issues of patron privacy and the confidentiality of electronic records in libraries today. They will discuss creating guidelines to develop library privacy policies, conducting a privacy audit, the state and local laws that can impact a library privacy policy, records management and retention, and internal guidelines for responding to law enforcement inquiries. There will be a discussion on how to ensure the privacy and confidentiality of shared records within the HELIN Consortium and InRhode by identifying those Innovative policies that violate these principles.
South Carolina
South Dakota
"Law for Librarians" presentation at South Dakota Library Association, September 21
Up for the Challenge: Be Prepared at Your School Library/Media Center Program held at the annual conference of the Tennessee Association of School Librarians on November 3, 2006. Covered practical information useful in dealing with library materials challenges in schools, policies and reconsideration forms, including a discussion of the Intellectual Freedom issues and case law that support our freedom to read. Presented by Carrie Gardner from American Library Association. Sponsored by the Tennessee Library Association.
On October 10, 2006, the first of several planned Law for Librarian training opportunities was held via videoconference. The title was Internet, CIPA, and Sexual Harassment. Information was provided about: Internet, Unprotected Speech, CIPA, DOPA, Filters, Sexual Harassment, and Internet Safety Policies. Nine remote locations participated in the broadcast. More than 90 individuals preregistered to attend. We are still waiting on actual attendance numbers and evaluations at this time.
Over the next two years, we are planning additional Law for Librarian training opportunities. The following is a tentative schedule of upcoming events:
Topic: Privacy & Confidentiality
Date: March 13, 2007
Format: Videoconference
Topics: Religious Issues; Youth Access; Labels and Rating Systems; and Meeting Rooms
Date range: February - May 2007
Format: Face-to-face workshop (in-person)
To be held in at least 10 locations around the state
Topics: First Amendment & Libraries and Challenges to Library Resources
Date available: After September 1, 2007
Format: Online
Plans are underway to offer a "Law for Librarians" training in conjunction with the 2007 Utah Library Association Annual Conference to be held May 16-18 in Provo, Utah. An attorney from ACLU-Utah will be the main speaker addressing important legal issues for libraries that should guide services and policy development (First Amendment, Patriot Act, CIPA, Privacy, etc.). This will be followed by small group break out discussions on how to deal with difficult scenarios in libraries, with the solutions to be critiqued by our attorney speaker and all participants.
We may also include the play developed in Montana "Invasion of the Privacy Snatchers" or a modified version of it. Thanks Montana colleagues for sharing it!
We will soon be posting the ULA IFC "Intellectual Freedom Manual and Action Guide" on our ULA web site: www.ula.org. This publication is intended to be used in local libraries to guide policy development and train staff, trustees, and administrators. We are updating other parts of the ULA IFC web site as well. This updating is greatly needed!
We are also working on developing another IF training to be offered in Utah later in 2007 or early in 2008.
"First Amendment for Librarians" workshop presented at the Brown Public Library, Northfield, VT on July 28, seven in attendance. Another workshop, "Foundations of the First Amendment", covering the same material with an historical overview, is scheduled for May 8 in Stowe. The workshop will be given late summer/early fall also.
On November 10, 2006 the Intellectual Freedom Committee of the Virginia Library Association sponsored a session at the annual conference of the VLA titled "Challenges to Library Resources--How to Prepare and Respond." The session was a panel moderated by Paul Rittelmeyer, co-chair of the IFC, and included Madelyn Wessel, a lawyer from the University of Virginia, and Susan Thornily, Coordinator of Library Information Services from the Fairfax County (VA) Public Schools. Ms. Wessel is the Special Advisor to the University Librarian at UVa and is quite knowledgable in First Amendment law and issues facing libraries. Ms. Thornily, in her experience in Fairfax County, has faced many challenges to books in the school libraries, and has developed policies that do not discourage challenges, but make them more manageable for the librarians. Over forty people attended even though it was the final session on the final day of the conference, and the weather was beautiful. The audience enjoyed the many handouts we had available, and the evaluations indicated the session was quite useful.
Washington WLA Annual Conference, April 18-21, 2007 April 18: Pre-Conference, "Power to the People: Preserving Open Government" The pre-conference will bring together librarians, archivists and journalists to discuss open government issues, focusing on access to federal and state documents. Editors from The Spokesman-Review and Tri-Cities Herald will give their perspectives on the use of government information with examples drawn from recent investigations. The Washington State Archivist and the Electronic Documents Librarian from the Washing ton State Library will detail efforts to capture and to preserve Washington State documents. April 19: "Intellectual Freedom Challenges: Stories from the Frontlines" A public library director and a school librarian describe what it was like to deal with a major challenge over an issue of access in their own libraries. Bruce Ziegman and Eve Datisman describe the issues that were raised, tactics and pressures used in efforts to limit access, and librarians' responses, including lessons learned during the process.
West Virginia
Wisconsin At the 2006 Annual Conference, October 31-November 3 in Wisconsin Dells, Janice Rice, Lisa Strand, and Helen Adams presented "Intellectual Freedom: From Principles to Best Practices" to about 35 individuals. Program description: Youth access to the Internet, challenges to our library collections, and issues of privacy are key areas that will frame this session. Learn about pertinent case law, policies, and guidelines. Speakers will share a snapshot of information gleaned from a three-day Law for Librarians workshop sponsored by the ALA Office for Intellectual Freedom. See a preview of the new IFRT website, which will provide links to important IF resources and case law. (This is completed, but needs to be upgraded a bit with live links rather than PDFs.) Come prepared to share your top intellectual freedom concerns to help IFRT develop a more in depth pre-conference in 2007. Sponsors: WLA Intellectual Freedom Round Table, WLA's Wisconsin Library Trustees & Advocates Division
Presentation attendees had good questions and were asked to indicate their interest in learning more by attending a pre-conference at the 2007 WLA Conference, October 16-19 in Green Bay. Janice, Lisa and Helen hope to bring in other speakers this time, possibly some of the legal experts from Law for Librarians.
"Law for Librarians" sessions planned for Wyoming Library Association Conference in Cheyenne September 13-14, 2007.
Mountain Plains
We have two programs for the Mountain Plains Library Association conference in Albuquerque, New Mexico, March 15, 2007. The first is a talk by Kansas Law Professor Michael Hoefinch entitled: "Libraries and Privacy in the Post 9/11 Era>"
The second is a workshop entitled: Policy and Practice: "How to Avoid the Nasty Bits."
New England
"Don't Get Sued: Meeting Room & Display Policies that Work" This program was offered at the 2006 New England Library Association annual conference in Burlington, VT on Sunday, October 22; it was sponsored by the NELA IFC and supported by some of the New England participants at the Law for Librarians. Discussion of issues raised by the recent Contra Costa case took place; June Pinnell-Stephens' PowerPoint on exhibits was briefly reviewed, and relevant LBOR documents distributed.
Pacific Northwest


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Nod to Newtown in inaugural address resonates with those attending from Connecticut
As Lt. Gov. Nancy Wyman made her way through hundreds of thousands of people during the inauguration of President Barack Obama Monday, she spotted the parents and brother of the Sandy Hook shooting victim Dylan Hockley.
Six-year-old Dylan Hockley was one of the 20 children and six staff members killed in Newtown on Dec. 14.
"I got to see them, and it meant so much to them as it did to myself" that Obama mentioned Sandy Hook during his inaugural speech, Wyman said.
During his speech Obama said, "Our journey is not complete until all our children, from the streets of Detroit to the hills of Appalachia, to the quiet lanes of Newtown, know that they are cared for and cherished and always safe from harm."
Wyman said she thought it meant a great deal to all the people of Connecticut that the president remembered Sandy Hook.
She said she didn't see any other Sandy Hook families there, but she did see Newtown School Superintendent Janet Robinson at the inaugural reception Sunday night.
"It was wonderful to see her there," Wyman said.
She also appreciated hearing Sen. Charles Schumer, D-New York, speak about Newtown, she said. "You realize that we might be 50 states, but we are one country," Wyman said. "They care about what happens within our country, and you know, it just makes me very proud."
People from around the nation consoled Wyman as they found out she was from Connecticut, she said. "I have seen people from all over the country, some of them lieutenant governors, (they said) you are from Connecticut, we are so sorry about your loss, we are thinking about everybody," Wyman said. "It really is an amazing situation how so many people care and were touched very deeply by the what happened in Sandy Hook."
At the inauguration everyone in Washington was "talking the talk" as far as working together, she said.
"I am just hoping that we will walk the walk. We can't afford four more years of the kind of government we have seen here in Washington," she said.
"We need Washington to come together and remember that they are elected for the people of this country."
"I am not sure that I ever thought in my lifetime that I would see - twice an African American president elected - I never thought I would see it once - so this to me is an absolutely wonderful thing that falls on a great day. A great leader was now sworn in to run our country the same day that we recognized another great leader and that was Martin Luther King."
A group of about 90 cadets from the U.S. Coast Guard Academy and the Coast Guard Band also traveled to Washington to participate in the inauguration. Cadets marched in the inaugural parade and Meredith Anderson, a junior cadet from Ontario, N.Y., attended the Collegiate Presidential Inaugural Conference, a leadership conference held in conjunction with the inauguration.
When Obama spoke about the military during his inaugural address, the crowd roared, said Anderson, who was about 500 yards away from the Capitol building during the speech.
"We don't always see that overwhelming support," she said. "I was in uniform, and everywhere I went people thanked me for my service. It was just a very different experience, and it was really powerful to see how the country does support the military."
Being surrounded by hundreds of thousands of Americans, waving flags and absorbing the atmosphere in Washington at such an important time, Anderson said, was "an absolutely incredible experience."
Later in the day, cadets marched by Obama and Adm. Robert J. Papp Jr., the head of the Coast Guard, in the reviewing stand. Papp said it was an honor to be with the commander in chief as hundreds of Coast Guard men and women passed in review.
"Our Coast Guardsmen were very proud to join soldiers, Marines, sailors and airmen in today's parade which is a time-honored tradition dating back to 1789," he said.
Brynna Cooke, a 19-year-old cadet from Salem, said marching in the parade was phenomenal.
"Seeing all the other services join us there with the Coast Guard Band and the crowd cheering was surreal," she said. "The president and our commandant saluted in acknowledgement that we were passing by. It was a great experience, and I'm so glad I could be a part."
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|Real customer reviews
19 Mar 2019 07:45
Dense, pleasant to the body fabric, the size approached just a little squeezes in the chest, it would be possible to size more, behind the cut, and so generally super, very happy and fast-solid 5
21 Dec 2018 11:53
love it, like always
6 Aug 2018 12:56
Very quality dress! I like!
31 Jul 2018 22:17
Like the dress. My Russian size 48-50, l took. All utyanulo)) Color not as intense as photo: blue, deep navy blue.
1 Jul 2018 10:28
the dress is just bomb маломерят size
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Meet Pink Peonies
83 comments:
Anna, this is a great addition to your blog! This is the same reason why I like it when bloggers host other blogs. You get to read fashion blogs that you normally wouldn't or haven't yet come across.ReplyDelete
I'm going to check out her blog! She's so pretty and I like her style :)
xoxo Azu
Love this idea for a blog series! Huge fan of Pink Peonies :) xoReplyDelete
- DanielleNovember 6, 2012 at 12:09 AM
You are such an inspiration, Anna. This is a great message, especially coming from one of the top bloggers. I will check out her site now.ReplyDelete
- StacycooksNovember 6, 2012 at 12:12 AM
i"ve never heard of her blog, but I love that flower dress with the pink heels. I will have to check out her out. What an honor to be your first post. Are you taking submissions?ReplyDelete
Yup, she's got fantastic style Anna! I can see why you chose to feature her. I just checked out her blog and it's really fun to read, like yours :)ReplyDelete
Anna, this is such a nice thing you do. very nice and thoughtful of you. I haven't heard of Pink Peaonies before this post; and I loved it.ReplyDelete
wow ! love that pink flashy skirt!ReplyDelete
Love this idea! Love pink peonies been following her she has the cutest style! looking forward to meeting new blogs! xoReplyDelete
Awesome looks!ReplyDelete
Cool idea! I will definitely take a look at her blog :)ReplyDelete
new outfit post
Oh wow I love her style! Will deffo be checking out her blog :)ReplyDelete
Love Holly x
- AnonymousNovember 6, 2012 at 12:42 AM
her outfits are so lovely! great idea for a feature, i will be watching it closely, as i do for all your posts! you are amazing!ReplyDelete
X jane
So many gorgeous looks! Now following her...thanks for the intro!ReplyDelete
Have a fab Tuesday Hun xoxo
Ow I love Rachel's blog. Her style is pretty amazing. I take a look on her blog everyday and I'm excited when she have a new post. She is amazing. Great Post Anna.ReplyDelete
xo, Petra
I can't pick one look. I love thm all! Rachel has such great style. I can't wait to meet more stylish bloggers here.ReplyDelete
Oh my word, she has an AMAZING style! I love that neon pink skirt with the sweater, too cool xReplyDelete
New outfit post ; light it up
Lovely post Anna! Thanks for introducing Pink Peonies to me - I am now following her blog. Great style, love the yellow jeans with peplum top.ReplyDelete
Adela xx
Rachel is gorgeous and her style is superb!!ReplyDelete
>>>>> milna89.blogspot.com <<<<<<
I love Rachel! She's gorgeous and has an amazing blog! Lovely post Anna.ReplyDelete
Rose xxx
Its funny I just found her blog yesterday and I love her style.ReplyDelete
Great post idea! Love Rach and all of her looks! I'm still dying over the black and white hudson jean combo. Cannot wait to see who else you feature!ReplyDelete
Love pink peonies!! :) would love to be featured!! :)ReplyDelete
She has wonderful style! Am definitely going to check out more from her blog :)ReplyDelete
- AnonymousNovember 6, 2012 at 6:03 AM
What a gorgeous outfit!ReplyDelete
Love your attention to this blog!
It's beautiful!
Good luck :)!
Great post! Love her blog and yours!ReplyDelete
The Style Storm
xo, Christina
She's really beautiful! I love her style as well!ReplyDelete
I love the cap-toe t-straps! Looking forward to this series :)ReplyDelete
I love her blog...and I love this "meet and greet" idea!ReplyDelete
Absolutely fantastic!!
-Adrienne. xo
I love Rachel, her blog, and her style! S happy to see her on here! :)ReplyDelete
xo, Yi-chia
Always Maylee
oOoOo...rachel can do no wrong. she always looks FAB! loving this new series girl!ReplyDelete
xoxo, jenn
the stylish housewife
Love this post! She has great style. I have to say the first outfit is my favorite.ReplyDelete
Fashion and Beauty Finds
Hi Anna,ReplyDelete
Is there a sign-up for blog recognition?? I'd love you to check out mine at www.kathrynadaniel.com !!!!!
- AnonymousNovember 6, 2012 at 8:11 AM
Love Rachel from Pink Peonies. It's nice to give a shout out to fellow bloggers. If you need people to feature, please take a look at my blog at vodkainfusedlemonade.wordpress.com.ReplyDelete
- AnonymousNovember 6, 2012 at 8:40 AM
Major girl crush on Rachel - I <3 Pink Peonies and she is so.fab. :)ReplyDelete
The interview is wonderful. I love learning about other bloggers and their wonderful styles.ReplyDelete
If you got a minute, I love if you check out my newest blog about winter coats for your body type!
Danielle www.vintagedanielle.blogspot.com
Wauw, I really adore her style.ReplyDelete
It's so sweet of you to share this great blog :)
- AnonymousNovember 6, 2012 at 9:10 AM
I follow her blog! I get so much outfit inspiration from her.ReplyDelete
I follow her blog! She is so creative and I love all the items she styles together! I also love the new post Meet! This is a great way to share and meet new bloggers!ReplyDelete
XO http://shesaidhesaid-fashion.blogspot.com
Nice interview and curious about her blog now ;)xxReplyDelete
I've been following Pink Peonies for quite some time now and I totally love her sense of style! She is such an inspiration!ReplyDelete
Juneli from Fashionably Yours
- LisalandNovember 6, 2012 at 10:02 AM
How have I never heard of her? Adore this.ReplyDelete
What a thoughtful series. Love learning about other bloggers :)ReplyDelete
Pink Peonies is one of my very favorite style blogs! Great post!ReplyDelete
- AnonymousNovember 6, 2012 at 11:05 AM
I've never heard of her blog but her style is cute. I'll have to check her out. Cute series.ReplyDelete
- AnonymousNovember 6, 2012 at 11:09 AM
I have to check her out, nice style!ReplyDelete
I love her blog!! All of her outfits are great!!!ReplyDelete
I found her site through her button on the side. I've been following since. It's so nice seeing a big blog support other blogs. Great job, Anna.ReplyDelete
- BridgetNovember 6, 2012 at 11:50 AM
Great suggestion, Anna. Her style looks fun. I'll head over there now. xoxoReplyDelete
I've been reading Pink Peonies for a while now, this is a great way to introduce us to new blogs! My favorite look here is the right one where she's wearing the black blazer (not sure if it's leather or no) with those cute purple shoes! Good choice!ReplyDelete
So nice of you to showcase fellow bloggers, you're awesome!ReplyDelete
~~♥ ♥ ♥~~
I love Rachel's blog! The hot pink skirt with the grey sweater is my absolute favorite!ReplyDelete
That's such a great idea for posts, because your readers can discover so many amazing blogs through this. Like I do now, her blog seems worth checking out :) And if you would have the time, I would love it if you could check out my latest post! ♥ReplyDelete
woo greats blog! beautiful pictures!ReplyDelete
I will follow her!
Thanks for your recommendation. And i think that it's a great idea the new "Meet..." I'm from Spain but if someday you want to recommend my blog y will be so happy!
She has amazing style! I love those black and white pants in the top picture.ReplyDelete
Xo, Kelsey
I love her blog and her style!ReplyDelete
she's fantastic! love this new series it's a great way to discover new fashion blogs! so nice of you to give this great reccomendation. off to check her blog out of course. xx. gigi. food and beauty blogger @ www.gigikkitchen.blogspot.comReplyDelete
She has an incredible blog and style!ReplyDelete
I love finding new blogs. She's adorable. Thanks for the introduction, hun.ReplyDelete
Those hot pink heels with a blue toe... ADORABLE!!!!ReplyDelete
Loving it! That hot pink skirt and pink pumps - my favorite!ReplyDelete
I love her ! Her blog is amazing and full of inspiration ! I so want to steal her closet too !ReplyDelete
My Blog - A Pretty Nest
pink skirt with oversized grey knit top is my fave. or is it a dress? either way.. love.ReplyDelete
This is a great feature to your blog...good idea!ReplyDelete
- AnonymousNovember 6, 2012 at 6:14 PM
Love her blog and love this series you're doing!!ReplyDelete
Xo, Rachel
Glitzy Blues
it's funny - i just stumbled across her blog and while i like her outfits and her eye for fashion, your blog continues to rise above ones like rachel's. you actually write and interact with your readers, you don't just post a few pretty photos and say "enter a giveaway xoxo!" and rachel used to write more about her life. i wish she would do so, and other fashion bloggers would do so too. i know this post wasn't about this but, well, it's just my opinion. keep up the great work!ReplyDelete
this is so amazing! i love pink peonies :) her style is so classic.ReplyDelete
great post! :)
- ChelseaNovember 6, 2012 at 6:58 PM
OMG, I just looked at her site and loved it. You have the best taste, Anna. I just added her to my bookmarked list right next to Fash Boulevard. hehe.ReplyDelete
I LOVE her blog! It's one that I make a point to check regularly (as is yours). The very first outfit at the top and then the one at the bottom with the pink skirt have been two of my very favorites of hers since she posted them!ReplyDelete
Love this idea and starting with Rachel is a given, love her!ReplyDelete
Love the new series. I am a huge fan of her blog. Such a great idea to share with your followers. I am always trying to showcase other bloggers on my page ... without each other, who would we all be?ReplyDelete
Looking forward to your next "meet" post.
Anna-you're sooo sweet!!! I'll definitely check out Pink Peonies since you suggested it!! Thanks for sharing :)ReplyDelete
♥ Elle
High Feather Twitter
High Feather Facebook
High Feather Bloglovin
I absolutely love this idea. I have followed both you and Rachel for a while but can't wait to see what other blogs you introduce us to! Such a great idea and so sweet of you!ReplyDelete
Great idea! I love Rachel's blog. Yours and hers are the few I've been following the longest!ReplyDelete
I like the pink outfit, I love pink!!!ReplyDelete
What a great idea! Love Rachel's blog, and yours of course!ReplyDelete
I've never heard of their blog, but I am going to check it outReplyDelete
Thanks for sharing a good blog. I didn't see an option to follow via bloglovin...is there one in her page?ReplyDelete
I like her style, full of colour like yours.
I saw the post on Pink Peonies about you as well! Very excited about this new series, keep them coming!ReplyDelete
xo, Kenzie
Thank you for sharing - looking forward for you next feature!ReplyDelete
Seems like Rach Parcell owes a lot of her current recognition to you... interesting.
Would be awesome if you brought back this "Meet..." Feature. I started blogging back in 2012, but didn't stick it out... lots was going on at the time. I picked it back up recently though, it's so fun... I am always looking out for blogs to follow that are worth it and captivate my attention...
All the Cute
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No it does not. It metions that Rome has maintained the true faith but it does not posit that as the reason that we must follow the teachings of Rome. Rather, the reason it gives is Rome's superior origin.
The patristic texts weren't written in a vacuum. They were primarily (and particularly in this case) written by those trained in classical rhetoric and should be understood in that light. A bit of extra pomp and overstating something sounded very different to an ear back then than it does to the modern ear. And to go beyond anything other than a mere primacy towards universal jurisdiction or something like infallibility is very ahistorical.
Alliteration aside I was curious if someone (the Catholics if possible) could provide me with some quotes or writing from the pre-schism patristics which show the that bishop or Rome was instituted with universal jurisdiction over the whole universal church.
How in Mor's good nameone hundred fifty four postsNo Rachel Weisz picSelam
"Whoever calls himself, or desires to be called 'Universal Priest,' is in his elation the precursor of anit-Christ."(Epistle XXXIII, Pope St. Gregory to Mauricius Augustus… written in 588 A.D.)It doesn't get much clearer than this... and from the mouth of a (pre-schism) POPE no less!
Maybe there's more to this Pope than you would like to recognize in your rush to use his quotes out of context to bash our RC brothers and sisters.
What does it matter if this Pope later propagated Papal Primacy?...
If this is taking things out of context, then by all means kindly enlighten us all with the "proper" way to interpret these two contradictory statements.
How do you know it was later?
I was hoping you would enlighten us on this matter, since you seem to know so much about Pope St. Gregory.
BTW, when does one person constitute "us"?
Because he didn't make an opposing statement at that exact moment in time.
When I'm not the only person on the entire forum.
Michael Whelton had a good book on the topic, "Popes and Patriarchs" that came out recently.
In his earlier book Two Paths, Michael Whelton mentions Pope St. Gregory's statement about the "universal priest" as an example of two things:1) Papal statements that go against Papal infallibility2) Papal statements that are self-contradictory with other Papal statementsMy only desire here was to share a quote from this book which I found to be relevant to this particular thread.So please spare me all the personal attacks and accusations.If you have a problem... take it up with Michael Whelton.
While I agree at the irony, Pope Gregory seemed to employ the have-one's-cake-and-eat-it-too argument. Despite what he may have thought of his office, it obviously was not a shared opinion in the east.
But you never mentioned Michael Welton until now.
Well, all I can say is, Popes are fallible.
...despite Seraphim's ignorant claims...
Thanks, I feel the love.
Papal Infallibility is Roman dogma.
I was not sending you love...
Yes, it is, but not at all the way you characterize it.
And that is all the time I am going to waste on your ill-informed attacks.
This thread isn't about Michael Whelton.
Be careful; a lot of the time those quotes are taken out of context, omit the fact that other patriarchs were appealed to, are from corrupted sources, etc. There was certainly a primacy of Rome owing to its orthodox and prestigious position, but it was not due to some notion of Petrine succession (cf. Dvornik's book on primacy, the title of which escapes me).Anastasios
Copying from the site to which montalban linked us (for those who don't necessarily want to visit the Catholic forum)...http://www.catholic.com/library/eastern_orthodoxy.asphttp://www.globalserve.net/~bumblebee/ecclesia/patriarchs.htmhttp://www.geocities.com/Athens/Atrium/8410/pete.htmlhttp://ic.net/~erasmus/ERASMUS4.HTMhttp://www.catholicsource.net/articles/petertherock.htmlhttp://jloughnan.tripod.com/the_rock.htmhttp://www.americancatholictruthsociety.com/docs/ecfpapacy.htmLet me suffix this, though, with this warning from Anastasios:
Some I think are dead links.Another I've been challenged with is ScriptureCatholic's sitehttp://www.scripturecatholic.com/primacy_of_peter.htmlA typical debate went like this...I was shown the following1 Cor. 9:5 – Peter is distinguished from the rest of the apostles and brethren of the Lord.http://www.scripturecatholic.com/primacy_of_peter.htmlThe actual passage says 1 Corinthians 9:5 Don't we have the right to take a believing wife along with us, as do the other apostles and the Lord's brothers and Cephas?One Catholic argued that Peter is 'set aside' from the others by being mentioned separately.I pointed out that if this is a sign of church heirarchy, then what level are the Lord's brothers who are also set aside from the other ApostlesThe response to this was that the person said that they were putting me on their ignore list!
From its very beginnings, the papacy has been surrounded with the mantle of timelessness, or rather, with a particular historical myth, whose vulnerability, considered simply as history, is every bit as problematic for Catholics as for anyone else. At least since the high Middle Ages the papacy has been understood as an institution directly created by Jesus Christ in his own lifetime: he willed that his Church should be ruled by the Apostles and their successors, and he gave to Peter, as leader of the apostles, the fullness of spiritual power, the keys of the kingdom of heaven. Peter came to Rome, and there appointed his own successors, whose names are recited to this day in the canon of the Mass - Linus, Cletus, Clement, and so on down to John Paul II. All that the modern Church claims for the pope, his authority in doctrine and his power over institutions, is on this account a simple unfolding of the dominical bestowal of the keys, and the post-resurrection command to Peter to feed Christ's sheep.We have known for more than a century that the historical underpinning of this account is unfortunately not quite so simple. The Church of Rome during its first two centuries based its claims to precedence not on the Lord's words to Peter, but on the preaching and death in Rome of two apostles, Peter and Paul. The commission in Matthew 16:18, Thou art Peter, and upon this Rock I will build my Church, and I will give to thee the keys of the kingdom of heaven, is quoted in no Roman source before the time of the Decian persecution, in the middle of the third century, and even then the claims which the Pope of the time tried to base on that quotation were indignantly rejected by the Churches of Africa to whom he was addressing himself.And indeed, the very roots of what may be called the foundation myth of the papacy are themselves uncomfortably complicated. The Church established itself in Rome some time in the AD 40s: we now know that for the best part of the century that followed, there was nothing and nobody in Rome who could recognisably be called a pope. Christianity in Rome evolved out of the Roman synagogues, and to begin with it was not so much a single Church as a constellation of independent churches, meeting in the houses of wealthy converts or in hired halls and public baths, without any central ruler or bishop. The Roman synagogues - there were 14 of them in the first century - unlike the synagogues in other great Mediterranean cities like Antioch . . . were all independent, with no central organisation or single president, and to begin with at least, the churches of Rome also functioned independently. Many of them were in any case ethnic or regional churches, groups of Syrian, Greek, Asian residents in Rome, using their own languages, following the customs of the Christian communities back in their home regions.Elsewhere in the first century, episcopacy emerged as the dominant form of church order - the rule of each church by a single senior presbyter who took the lead in ordinations and the celebration of the Eucharist, and who was the focus of unity for all the Christians of a city or region. But Rome, probably because of the complexity and ethnic and cultural diversity of the Christian communities of the capital of the world, was very slow to adopt this system.In the conventional accounts of the history of the papacy, the letter of Clement, written from Rome to the Church at Corinth around the year AD 95, is often thought of as the first papal encyclical, attributed to Pope Clement, Peter's third successor and the last pope personally known to the Prince of the Apostles. In fact, the letter is written on behalf of the whole Roman Church, it is unsigned, and the author speaks unequivocally of the elders who rule the Church, in the plural.EVERYTHING we know about the Church at Rome in its first century or so points in the same direction, to a community which certainly thought of itself as one Church, but which was in practice a loose and often divided federation of widely different communities, each with its own pastors and its own distinctive and often conflicting liturgies, calendars and customs. It was in fact the threat of heresy within this seething diversity, and the Roman need to impose some sort of unity and coherence on the Church in the city, that led to the emergence of the Roman episcopate, and the firming up of the Roman community's pride in the life and death among them of the two greatest apostles, into a succession narrative. By the 160s the graves of Peter and Paul had shrines built over them and were being shown to Christian visitors to Rome: by the early third century the bishops of Rome were being buried in a single crypt in what is now the catacomb of San Callisto, as a sort of visible family tree stretching back, it was believed, to the apostolic age. But all this was a construct, tidying the mess and confusion of real history into a neat and orderly relay race, with the baton of apostolic authority being handed from one bishop to another.This symbolic rearrangement of the past is of course an unavoidable aspect of all human attempts to make sense of the present, and it is a notable feature of the New Testament itself. My point is not that any of this disproves the claims we would wish to make for the papacy: it is perfectly open to us to read this process as providential. Nevertheless, the recognition that the emergence of the bishops of Rome was the result not straightforwardly of a direct and immediate act of the incarnate word of God in his own lifetime, but rather of a long and uncertain evolutionary process, which might conceivably have run a different way, surely rules out any absolutist understanding of the nature of papal authority.
From its earliest appearance, the papacy has been preoccupied with issues of unity and uniformity, the imposition of Roman order on regional diversity - and from the beginning it has been resisted, and been rebuked by other Christian leaders who were able to appeal to its own remote past against its more authoritarian and tidy-minded present.In the face of history, then, we cannot quite subscribe to the notion of the papacy as timeless, founded by Our Lord's command in the beginning and maintaining through all the vicissitudes of time the constant exercise of that divine mandate. But another version of that story can be told, less direct, in which the history of the papacy is the history of the steady unfolding of its inner reality. In this version of papal theory, full weight is given to the transformations of history. What remains constant, however, is the inner reality of the papacy, a mission revealed in the biblical sources and the early history of the Church, and steadily rendered clearer and clearer in its long march through time.Some version of this account, it seems to me, is fundamental to any Catholic belief in papal authority. As it stands, however, it is probably far too tidy. The process by which the papacy has emerged as the administrative and ideological centre of the largest wing of a divided Christendom has been by no means straightforward and progressive. The later doctrinal centrality of Rome for Catholics cannot, I think, be read out of the history of the formative stages of Christian doctrine: the papacy did indeed play a decisive role at the Council of Chalcedon, when the so-called Tome of Pope Leo the Great provided the council with the essential formulation of Catholic incarnational teaching. But this was a highly unrepresentative event: for the most part the early papacy contributed nothing whatever to the shaping of fundamental Christian teaching, and the creative centres of the Church lay elsewhere, in the East.Nor has the institutional unfolding of the papacy been a story of steady upwards evolution. Papal claims reached their height in the central Middle Ages. Bernard of Clairvaux told his pupil, Pope Eugenius III: In truth there are other doorkeepers of heaven and shepherds of flocks: but you are more glorious than all of these . . . . They have flocks assigned to them, one to each: to you all are assigned, a single flock to a single shepherd. You are called to the fullness of power.Bernard made these lofty claims in a treatise designed to teach the pope the obligation to serve others, and to reform himself and the papacy, but the same claims were turned by the popes into a platform from which to dominate and cow the world, as Boniface VIII attempted to do in the Bull Unam Sanctam, in which he declared that it was altogether necessary to salvation for every human creature to be subject to the Roman pontiff. Everything the modern papacy claims, and very much more, such as the right to appoint emperors and to depose kings, was then claimed for the popes. Yet in the centuries that followed, the reality of papal authority declined drastically, not simply in the countries of the Reformation, but among all the Catholic powers of Europe. The Baroque papacy inhabited buildings which spelled out a megalomaniac vision of papal dominance, but the reality was that the popes were increasingly reduced to ceremonial figures, preoccupied with preserving their interests in Italy, increasingly marginalised in the councils of kings.The modern papacy, therefore, is not the product of a steady evolution from simple beginnings, the natural growth of some essential acorn into a mighty oak. In some real sense it is, rather, the result of an historical catastrophe, the French Revolution. The revolution swept away the Catholic kings who had appointed bishops and ruled Churches. The hostile secular states which emerged to replace them in nineteenth-century Europe attempted to control the influence of the Church in public life, but were glad to leave its internal arrangements to the pope.If one had to single out the most crucial and important practical power possessed by the modern popes, it would certainly be the right to appoint the bishops of the world. It is salutary to remind ourselves that the popes did not possess this power in canon law till 1917, and that as a matter of fact the practice of direct papal appointment of bishops did not become general until well towards the end of the nineteenth century, largely as a result of the decision of the anti-papal kings of Italy not to exercise this traditional prerogative of the secular ruler. Most of the bishops appointed by the pope before then were in fact appointed by the pope functioning not as universal pastor, but as primate of Italy or as secular ruler of the papal states. The 1917 Code of Canon Law, itself, which lies at the heart of papal domination of the modern Church, owed at least as much to the Napoleonic Code as to holy Scripture, and most of the actual exercise of papal authority in the modern Church is rooted in quite specific aspects of the institutional and intellectual history of the last 200 years.
This is one of those issues that just is not amenable to reasoned debate using patristics because for every quote from one side of the debate the other side will produce some opposing quote and neither side is going to surrender their most cherished shibboleths. There is ecumenical discussion between the various jurisdictions perhaps they will be fruitful but I really doubt that a message board discussion will make much progress as long as each side is engaging in some kind of muster of ancient texts to support their side of the debate.
I think the idea of the direct link of Peter to the bishops of Rome and the transmission of "keys" to them is both a misinterpretation of what is in the Bible and is just simple historically untenable.
How so?
See above.
The article pretty well encapsulates what I think the problems are with Papal Supremacy (as opposed to primacy). The words unfortunately are often used interchangeably.
This is one of those issues that just is not amenable to reasoned debate using patristics because for every quote from one side of the debate the other side will produce some opposing quote and neither side is going to surrender their most cherished shibboleths.
There is ecumenical discussion between the various jurisdictions perhaps they will be fruitful but I really doubt that a message board discussion will make much progress as long as each side is engaging in some kind of muster of ancient texts to support their side of the debate.
What bothers you about papal supremacy though?
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The Original Artwork - $40
This artwork is 7.75"x10.1" on vellum 100lb bristol, sized 9"x12".
Shipping to all countries is included in the base price, so don't worry about it. The strip is as it appears above (no shading-film or anything), and also you will find that the blacks on the originals are not as "true" black as what you see on the screen, ink can be that way.
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|Layers of corn tortillas with ground beef, enchilada sauce, cheese and other delicious seasonings in a quick and easy casserole form.
Beef Enchilada CasseroleThis is a quick and yummy recipe that you can throw together and have on the table in no time. It's delicious and not too spicy, though you can certainly kick that up if you want to. Believe it or not, I usually don't!
|Halved recipe pictured
Speaking of shredded cheese - I have nothing against buying pre-shredded cheese bags. I know it's a time saver and I use it myself sometimes. But something that I learned is that shredded cheeses have stabilizers and fillers in them to keep the cheese from clumping back together after the shredding process. On the other hand, a block of cheese is, well, just a block of cheese! No fillers. No stabilizers. And while I haven't worked out the cost, surely it must be cheaper to shred up a whole block of cheese, which you can then freeze if needed, than to buy it bagged as pre-shredded? Well, unless of course, you catch a good sale with an equally good coupon!
Anyway, that's one of the main reasons that I got a food processor - to make an easy job of it. Yes, it can be a pain to clean, but if you wash it right away the cracks and crevices come clean pretty easy, so it's worth it. I usually wash mine while something is cooking.
A nice mixed garden salad with some steamed green beans go really well with this dish. Enjoy!
Recipe: Beef Enchilada Casserole©From the Kitchen of Deep South Dish
Prep time: 15 min |Cook time: 15 min | Yield: About 6 to 8 servings
- 1/2 tablespoon of olive oil
- 1 cup of chopped onion
- 2 pounds of ground beef
- 2 (8 ounce) cans of tomato sauce
- 1 (11 ounce) can of Mexicorn or Fiesta Corn, drained
- 1 (10 ounce) can of enchilada sauce
- 1-1/2 teaspoons of chili powder
- 1/2 teaspoon of dried oregano
- 1/2 teaspoon of kosher salt
- 1/4 teaspoon of freshly cracked black pepper
- About 16 corn tortillas, softened in the microwave
- 1-1/2 cups of chicken broth
- 2 cups of shredded cheddar cheese
Preheat oven to 375 degrees F. In a large skillet, heat the olive oil over medium to medium high heat. Add the chopped onion and saute until soft. Add the ground beef and cook until browned, breaking up the meat with a potato masher. Drain off excess fat, if needed, and return to skillet.
Add the tomato sauce, corn, enchilada sauce, chili powder, oregano, salt and pepper and bring to a boil. Reduce heat to medium and cook for about 5 minutes, stirring occasionally.
Meanwhile, prepare a 9 x 13 inch baking dish with non-stick spray. Pour the chicken broth into a pie plate and dip the softened tortillas in the chicken broth, placing enough of them to cover the bottom of the pan and overlap, with some extending up the sides of the dish. Place 1/2 of the meat mixture on top of the tortillas and layer with 1/2 of the cheese. Add another layer of dipped tortillas, then meat and sprinkle with the other half of the cheese. Loosely tent with aluminum foil and bake at 375 degrees F for 10 minutes covered. Remove the foil and bake an additional 5 minutes. Remove and let sit for a few minutes before cutting.
Cook's Notes: Substitute 2 cups of cooked, shredded chicken for the beef.
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Buy auto tires for your vehicle
1. Ensure that you absolutely need new auto tires. Perform an instant visual inspection. In the event that you see high tread wear, damaged sidewalls, or any staining or bulging, it's probably time for a fresh set.
If your wheels are definitely more than a decade old, consider swapping them even if indeed they look Okay -- silicone deteriorates with contact with oxygen.
2. Ensure that your car is who is fit. Inspect your auto tires for signs or symptoms of unequal wear, which can indicate position or suspension system issues. Look for symptoms like more wear inside or beyond the wheel vs. a straight wear style across the complete width of the tread.
In the event that you put a fresh set of auto tires on the misaligned car, or one with bad shocks, you're tossing money away. The brand new wheels will wear quickly and unevenly, and you will need another occur a hurry.
Most wheel centers will check your current group of tires, and present you an examination of your car's condition before you get. When you have a trusted auto technician, bring your vehicle set for an inspection before moving out to the car tire middle -- an impartial view from a specialist who isn't selling you something is always advisable.
3. Check your owners manual and information placard. The maker of your vehicle has made a suggestion about the scale and kind of wheels which work best with your automobile, that information is situated in the owner's manual and on the info placard.
The info placard on your automobile is required for legal reasons, and is completely mounted on your door border, door post, glove area door or within your trunk lid. It could have been decorated over on some old autos, but it's there.
Unless you come with an owners manual, most manufacturers will sell you an upgraded at an acceptable cost -- ask your supplier, or explore the manufacturer's Site.
4. Decipher the wheel code. Possibly the most challenging part of wheel buying is determining what those amounts on the sidewall of the car tire mean. These are part of a straightforward standardized code that's needed is by federal legislations in order to spell it out tires, and identify them in case there is a recall.
You can read more in the Country wide Highway Traffic Protection Administration's online brochure, but here is a quick primer:
Example of wheel sidewall markings -- P235/65R 15 94H M+S
- First up is a notice or characters, indicating the tire's goal: "P" for traveler vehicles or "LT" for light pickup trucks are the probably letters you will see.
- Next is a three-digit amount. This is actually the tire's width (in millimeters) from sidewall advantage to sidewall advantage.
- Then, a two-digit quantity which is the tire's aspect proportion, or the proportion of elevation to width. Small the quantity, the shorter the sidewall.
- Next, a notice, probably "R," which suggests radial construction. Nearly every tire you face is a radial nowadays, unless you're buying auto tires for a vintage car.
- Then, another two-digit amount, which is the size of the steering wheel that the car tire is supposed to fit.
- Next, an optional two- or three-digit quantity. This is actually the tire's insert index number, and its own inclusion is not needed by law. The strain index amount corresponds with the tire's load-carrying capacity. A niche site for discount wheels has published a useful graph with the strain index amounts and loads. To put it simply, don't use a tire with a lesser load index amount than your maker advises.
- Next, a notice. This is actually the tire's speed score. Follow your manufacturer's suggestion. You should just need to upgrade to an increased speed score if you have changed your automobile for record.
- Next, even more words, usually "M+S" or "M/S." This means dirt and snow, and pertains to most radial wheels sold in the us.
You will discover more volumes and letters, almost all of that you don't should get worried about unless your wheels are at the mercy of a recall. They make reference to the tire's place and time frame of manufacture, the utmost inflation pressure, maximum fill rating, structure, materials, tread wear, grip and temperature levels.
Diving deeply into these scores will deliver a trove of information - almost all of which differs from maker to manufacturer. If you don't are obsessive about your auto tires, you will likely be Acceptable trusting in your car tire guy's interpretation of all the facts.
A good tire centre can speak you through these rules, and can know which auto tires are a good fit for your automobile. You will need to choose between summer months, all-season or winter wheels, between expanded tread life and better handling.
Make sure to ask a whole lot of questions, get answers, and also have your tire person explain the features on the wheels and the code that reveals the feature on the sidewall.
5. Consider the rims. Probably one of the most popular customization options on vehicles nowadays is a fresh group of rims. If your present tires are worn or ruined, you might like to consider buying a fresh place when you substitute your tires.
There's more than appearance to consider when you get wheels, however. Make an effort to match size as meticulously as you can to the manufacturer's originals. Despite the fact that bigger tires might look good on your vehicle, there's some complicated mathematics to ensuring the auto tires and rims match the automobile.
The larger the wheel, the low the aspect percentage tire you can use. To make the car cope with and change properly, the exterior size of the car tire has to stay exactly like the original auto tires as the steering wheel gets bigger -- this means shorter sidewalls.
The sidewall is vital to handling, and it's very important to comfort and sound. The shorter the sidewall, the less it'll be in a position to flex when the automobile turns -- ideal for sporty handing -- and the less it'll be in a position to absorb bumps and pavement irregularities. So a larger wheel might trigger a harsher trip, and a squirrelly car.
Additionally, the actual fact that custom rims tend to be heavier than stock ones means they can adversely impact the suspension system or petrol mileage.
That said, you'll still should put bigger rims on your drive. Perform some serious research before you make that decision, and become careful never to sacrifice too much handling and basic safety for appearance. AOL Autos: Methods for cleaning wheels and wheels
6. Buy a complete, matching set in place. Though you could be tempted to lower corners, and simply replace the car tire/s that are most worn, modern suspension system technology was created to work best with a matching group of tires. By upgrading all four at the same time, you can maintain your auto tires better (more on that later), evaluate and repair suspension system problems before they become major, and achieve the best degree of safe practices and predictable handling.
7. Check up on your spare. That is an enjoyable experience to own your spare car tire inspected, and substituted if possible. If your vehicle runs on the full-size extra and you're updating your auto tires with the same make, model and size, have your wheel man save the best used wheel for an extra.
8. Consider buying online or by catalog. You really can stretch your budget on the original purchase of your brand-new wheels by shopping online. Some merchants, like Wheel Rack, have even connections with local indie wheel centers that encourage shipment of your brand-new auto tires and perform assembly at a pre-negotiated rate.
Remember that your new auto tires should be installed to the rims, well balanced and installed on your automobile. You'll probably need to get your rims aligned when you get your brand-new auto tires installed, as well.
9. Break in your brand-new tires carefully. Which release agent used through the creation process, and it can leave a residue on the treads of new wheels. There's a likelihood that your auto tires will have less hold than expected before residue would wear off, especially in moist conditions. Allow about 500 a long way of break-in time before you motivate your auto tires hard on cornering, and foresee longer than standard braking distances, merely to be safe.
10. Sustain your new tires. Look for proper inflation frequently. Keeping your auto tires properly inflated will improve your fuel consumption and can greatly increase your tires' longevity.


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Poor indoor air quality (IAQ) can be a major public health concern in schools if preventive measures are not implemented effectively.
According to the U.S. Department of Education's Office of Education Research and Improvement, students attending schools with poor indoor air quality score 11 percent lower on standardized tests than those students attending schools in good condition. Indoor air quality can impact a student's performance in several ways. Asthmatic students who are exposed to poor indoor air quality may experience decreased performance, diminished concentration levels and score consistently lower on standardized tests than those students attending schools with good air quality.
The Division of Environmental Health within DeKalb County Board of Health has incorporated a program from the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) called "Tools for School" (TfS). This program includes an indoor air quality kit filled with comprehensive materials for schools to address indoor environmental issues. Our goal is to assist DeKalb County School System with the implementation by introducing the recommendation as a preventive guideline. School officials are encouraged to continue the implementation of the TFS program and apply their own IAQ Management Plan by utilizing the EPA TfS kit in order to prevent, address or resolve poor indoor air.
Also, basic indoor air quality presentations are available for staff, custodians and students to learn about asthma triggers and prevention. The session for students is a student led program for asthmatic students. Click here for a form to request an IAQ presentation for your staff or students with asthma or give us a call at 404-508-7900.
Remember the best way to ensure good IAQ in your school is to keep the classroom clutter free so that proper cleaning can be done on a daily basis. Move all furniture, books, papers, rugs and toys that may be blocking air vents. Report any leaks, odors or potential IAQ issues immediately to the TfS team at your school. Immediate action can then be taken to investigate the potential problem. The sooner an issue is addressed, the more likely a larger problem will be prevented. TfS is a team approach; the team includes all building occupants.
Helpful Links
- EPA's Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) Tools for Schools (TfS)
- Healthy School Environments Assessment Tool (HealthySEATv2) is a fully customizable and easy to use software program designed to help school districts evaluate and manage ALL of their environmental, safety and health issues.
- Asthma Information
- Mold in Schools Fact Sheet
- Environmental Issues in Schools
- Starlight Children's Foundation
Other Helpful Links
- AirNow Air Quality
- American Academy Of Allergy Asthma & Immunology
- American Lung Association
- Asthma Attack: Learn More
- CDC National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
- EPA Indoor Air Quality Publications
- Georgia Department of Education
- Indoor Air Quality Scientific Finding Resource
- Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
- National Weather Service
- US Green Building Council


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