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A picnic on Windmill Island and home football and soccer games will be among the features of the 44th annual Community Day on Saturday, Sept. 12.
The picnic will run from 11 a.m. to 1 p.m. Persons purchasing tickets in advance will also receive a free ticket for admission to Windmill Island from 9:30 a.m. to 5 p.m. that day, as well as a ticket for the Hope College football game with Carthage College of Kenosha, Wis., at Holland Municipal Stadium, which begins at 1:30 p.m.
The picnic will consist of bratwurst, hamburger, sliced turkey breast, vegetarian croissants, salads, chips, cookies, beverages and other picnic fare. Live music will be provided throughout the picnic by the Holland American Legion Band.
The Holland High School marching band will be playing at the game.
Community Day is scheduled in celebration of the long-standing relationship between Holland residents and the faculty, students and staff of Hope College. The event debuted in October 1966 as a Community Ox Roast, held in conjunction with the Hope College centennial celebration. Like the first event, which was the idea of former mayor Nelson Bosman, subsequent Community Days have provided an opportunity for Holland and Hope to come together.
In addition to the island, picnic and football, the day will feature two home soccer games at Buys Athletic Fields, located on 11th Street at Fairbanks Avenue. The women's team will play Denison University of Granville, Ohio, at noon, and the men will play Wheaton College of Wheaton, Ill., at 2 p.m. Admission to both games is free.
Also on campus, the gallery of the De Pree Art Center will be featuring an exhibition of recent sculpture and drawings by Michael Ferris. The exhibition is running Friday, Aug. 21 through Friday, Sept. 18. The De Pree Art Center is located on Columbia Avenue at 12th Street, and the gallery is open Mondays through Saturdays from 10 a.m. to 5 p.m. and Sundays from 1 p.m. to 5 p.m. Admission to the gallery is free.
Tickets for Community Day, which include the picnic, football game and admission to WindmillIsland, cost $7.50 for regular admission and $4 for children age five to 11, with admission free for children under five.
Advance tickets for Community Day may be purchased at the DeVos Fieldhouse, 222 Fairbanks Ave., weekdays from 10 a.m. to 5 p.m. Tickets will also be sold at the picnic on the day of the event. Additional information may be obtained by calling the college's Office of Public and Community Relations at (616) 395-7860 or online at the college's Web site at www.hope.edu.
In the event of rain, the picnic will be moved to the dining room of Phelps Hall, located on the Hope College campus at 154 E. 10th St., on Columbia Avenue at 10th Street. If the picnic is moved inside, announcements will be made online at www.hope.edu and on area radio stations.


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"What on Earth is Wrong?" S1 E5 Photos
When the validity of Molly's pregnancy comes into question, John begins to doubt her mental state, on EXTANT, Wednesday, August 6 (10:00-11:00 PM, ET/PT) on the CBS Television. Meanwhile, Ethan suffers a serious setback, and John and Julie clash over how to care for him. Pictured (L-R) Louis Gossett Jr. as Quinn and Goran Visnjic as John Woods Photo: Dale Robinette/CBS ©2014 CBS Broadcasting, Inc. All Rights Reserved

subset: commoncrawl


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Waist Deep In The Big Muddy
Chords and Lyrics
Traditional Song with lyrics and chords from American popular vernacular music, with downloadable PDF for printing.
Traditional Songs Titles
Main Menu
Singing &Playing
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Download Waist Deep In The Big Muddy as PDF file
(For printing etc.)
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Bollywood celebrities are seen romancing on the lavish sets of the movies, but their actual homes are also way above the standards of lavishness. Yes, we are talking about the actual homes of bollywood and sports heartthrobs. From Shahrukh Khan's Mannat to Amitabh Bachchan's Jalsa, celebrity real estate has always been a hot topic in the media.
Let us talk about the homes of these celebrities in some detail:
Amitabh Bachchan- Big B Amitabh Bachchan's house has to be on top of our list. This lavish haven named 'Jalsa' is located in Juhu, Mumbai and is spread over an area of around 10, 125 square feet. The cost of the house is estimated to be around 160 crore. Big B owns another home called 'Pratiksha' and an office building called 'Janak' in Juhu. All three buildings are located at convenient distances from each other. [Read more…]


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Members of The Penn State DuBois THON Committee are resting their feet this week, after staying on them for 46 hours strait during the Penn State Dance Marathon at the
Students Jessica Booher and Carrie Flanagan represented DuBois at THON over the weekend. They were just two of the more than 700 dancers who raised $7.4 9million to benefit children battling cancer. THON Committee members at DuBois say they're proud of the contributions they made to that total, which amount to more than $4,500.
"We could not have been this successful without the hard work from all committee members and the Penn State DuBois community," said THON Committee Chair
The committee raised their contributions through canning drives, a date auction and the annual Rockathon, where students stay in a rocking chair for an extended period of time.
One of their most popular fundraisers is the THON Haircut held every February in the Student Union. This year the haircut event raised nearly $600.
Three people volunteered to have their hair cut. English Professor Tony Vallone, Adult Student Coordinator Scott Yeager and student Tony Harris all went under the clippers. By making donations, members of the crowd in the Student Union were allowed to make styling suggestions to create a new look for each volunteer. The most popular suggestion was dying the hair of all three volunteers, with purple proving to be the favorite color.


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Thank you for visiting our website! Below you will be able to find the answer to Foe of Beowulf crossword clue which was last seen on New York Times Crossword, November 8 2017. Our site contains over 2.8 million crossword clues in which you can find whatever clue you are looking for. Since you landed on this page then you would like to know the answer to Foe of Beowulf. Without losing anymore time here is the answer for the above mentioned crossword clue:
We found 1 possible solution in our database matching the query Foe of Beowulf
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|Triple Crown venue
|Domain of Pan, in Greek myth
|Genre for Dire Straits and Steely Dan, facetiously
|Leave from the gate
|Supreme Egyptian god
|Hetero, say
|1/100 of a Polish zloty
|Sound preceding a ripple
|Draws out
|Measure of disorder, in thermodynamics
|Arkansas, Pennsylvania, Ohio
|Patella protector
|Town ___ (bygone official)
|World capital on a fjord
|Dakota, Iroquois, Arapaho
|Classical music style whose name means "new art"
|Lifeguard's skill, for short
|Heavy 39-Down
|Heavy competition?
|Bat first
|Joint release?
|Foe of Beowulf
|Bar patron
|In this puzzle it starts B-E-L
|Body of water next to Antarctica
|African soccer powerhouse
|Cash holder
|Crunchy diner orders
|One of the Kardashians
|Like kiwis and mangos
|Member of la famille
|The Depression or the Cold War
|Dean Martin's "That's ___"
|Writer Edgar ___ Poe
|TV screen inits.
|Element next to iodine on the periodic table
|Make an identification digitally?
|Midas, Agamemnon, Richard
|Pursuer in a chase scene
|Have too much of, briefly
|Products that gradually dull
|"I believe," on the internet
|Something much-wished-for for people
|Rest on
|Actor George with over 10 million Facebook followers
|Feature of a 26-Across, maybe
|Polo, archery, soccer
|The U.S. Women's Open is part of it
|Ewoks' home moon
|Body part that vibrates
|Simple choice
|"Chances ___ ..."
|Equiangular shape
|Competes (for)
|Terse response to "I'm sorry"
|Heart, U2, Slayer
|Many a jukebox tune
|World capital where Pashto is spoken
|Some U.F.C. victories
|Not moving
|Flock member
|Cut down
|Chess finishes
|Retrovirus molecule
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For the dozens of kids and adults at Battlefield Houston over the weekend, tactical laser tag may have felt a bit more like a "galaxy far, far away".
"Empire vs. Rebels" was a Star Wars-themed event running at the northwest Houston laser tag arena on Aug. 10. It was largely a live-action role-playing (LARP) twist on the "pew pew" action that usually happens there.
The hour-long campaign I attended involved the Empire and Rebels fighting to secure the Death Star plans, narrated by owner John Pittman at the beginning of each 15-minute mission.
A few members of the 501st Legion joined up, fully kitted out in Stormtrooper gear. Some of the staff even got dressed up, including one very convincing Darth Maul who then proceeded to Force Push (kill) random crowds in the arena.
"Walking Dead" fans may want to keep their eyes peeled for Pittman's next event in October: a zombie-themed jaunt through the arena's dark corridors.


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Remember Jameelah Medina, the Muslim woman forced to take off her hijab in front of a male deputy? Watch a new video of her recounting the harassment she faced by clicking on the pic.
Read more info about the incident and harassment that Muslim women face in America at the ACLU blog.
[via ACLU Blog Of Rights]


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Make and colour
May Day Parade
Dress your horse with ribbons, flowers, blinkers and plumes ready for the parade.
See the trophy awarded to the best dressed horse in the May Day parade in The Great Port gallery at the Museum of Liverpool.
If you prefer to use pens and pencils, we've got a colouring in sheet with another horse, Molly Longlegs, on this website. Why not decorate her for a parade?


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CINCINNATI (AP) -- The Cincinnati Bengals say a fan has died after suffering an apparent heart attack during Sunday's game.
The man was transported to a hospital. A Bengals official says he reportedly suffered one or two more heart attacks and died at the hospital.
The Cincinnati Enquirer (http://cin.ci/1d39E8r ) reports that Bengals business development director Bob Bedinghaus says the team offers its thoughts and prayers to the man's family. The club plans to reach out to them.
No other information was released about the man.
The Bengals won their sold-out game Sunday over Baltimore and will play in the National Football League playoffs at home this coming Sunday.
Information from: The Cincinnati Enquirer, http://www.enquirer.com


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Melissa McCarthy has finally responded to a scathing review of her acting and body image from New York Observer film critic Rex Reed.
The film critic trashed the "Identity Thief" star in April in his review of the zany comedy that costars Jason Bateman as a victim of McCarthy's felonious identity-stealing con artist.
Reed described the Emmy Award-winning "Mike & Molly" star as "cacophonous," "tractor-sized," a "humongous creep" and a "hippo" in the review.
"Melissa McCarthy is a gimmick comedian who has devoted her short career to being obese and obnoxious with equal success," Reed wrote. "Poor Jason Bateman. How did an actor so charming, talented, attractive and versatile get stuck in so much dreck?"
Fans and readers went on to pan Reed for his harsh criticism, and the film turned out to be a surprise box-office success.
McCarthy did not immediately respond to the critic's take until a recent interview with the New York Times leading to her buddy-cop comedy "The Heat," costarring Oscar winner Sandra Bullock.
The 42-year-old "Bridesmaids" star had been effervescent as usual until interviewer David Itzkoff asked her about the infamous review.
"Really?" she said her reaction was at the time, "Why would someone OK that?"
The Groundlings comedy troupe alum has spoken out before about her weight but said she was trying to be a positive example to her children with actor Ben Falcone — Vivian, 6, and Georgette, 3 — in "a strange epidemic of body image and body dysmorphia."
"I felt really bad for someone who is swimming in so much hate," she said of Reed, though not naming him. "I just thought, that's someone who's in a really bad spot, and I am in such a happy spot. I laugh my head off every day with my husband and my kids who are mooning me and singing me songs."
"It may have crushed me" if the review came when she was 20, she added. But now, she said articles like that "just add to all those younger girls, that are not in a place in their life where they can say, 'That doesn't reflect on me.'
"That makes it more true. It means you don't actually look good enough."
Her answer was then interrupted by the restaurant's fire alarm, Itzkoff said.
It's too bad, because inquiring minds would still like to know more ...
"The Heat" hits theaters June 28 and has already been well received at early screenings, potentially poising the comedy to be liked by critics and perform well at the box office.
Follow Ministry of Gossip @LATcelebs.


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Includes lifetime access to streaming video.Add to Cart
My passion is working with hockey players to improve their skating performance. I do this with on-ice and off-ice training. I work with male and female players 8 yrs old to pro players. Another passion of mine is presenting at fitness shows. In particular IDEA shows - IDEA World and IDEA PT East & West. IDEA is a remarkable organization lead by two remarkable people - Peter and Kathie Davis. I love playing ice hockey, x-c-skiing, mt biking, and being in the mountains. Also love all water sports especially surfing and body boarding. Also one of my favorite things to do is taking my dog, Bailey (Black Lab) for trail runs, swimming, and just walking. ... read more.


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WARNING, cheeks may become sore from smiling! Take a break from your everyday hectic life and allow yourself to sit back, relax, and have some laughs. These stand-up comedians know how to work the room and get even the toughest crowds in stitches. After they hear these acts, you won't be able to wipe the grin off their faces for the rest of the night. If it's true what they say, that laughter is the best medicine, then these stand-up comedians would make some mighty fine doctors.
Click here to get quotes from Stand-Up Comedians near you!
About Booking Stand-Up Comedians
There's no such thing as too much fun! Hire a comedian for your next event and bring smiles to the faces of each and every one of your guests. Some comedians specialize in straight-ahead jokes, and some comics engage in a type of slapstick physical comedy. Either way, laughter awaits when you hire a comedian! Also, stand-up comedians are pretty maintenance free and usually only require a stage and a microphone to do what they do. Get cracking and find a comedian to crack up the crowd at your next event! All you have to do is use GigSalad for a quick and simple search to find the stand-up comedian that is best suited for your party.
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MCASD offers a comprehensive travel program for our Members, and no matter what level you're at, you can fly away with us!
The Collectors Circle Travel Program, which began in 1987, has continued to grow and expand over the years. Our Collectors Circle art tours provide entry to some of the most exclusive private collections in the world, behind-the-scenes access to artists' studios, introductions to significant Museums and contemporary art spaces, and the opportunity to interact with our Director and Curators in order to expand the comprehension of contemporary art in a hands-on way. Learn more.
Avant Garde-level Members and above are invited to join us for day-long Upper Level Field Trips, which offer the opportunity to explore local and regional art fairs, artists' studios, museums, and art spaces with the guiding expertise of MCASD Curators and Staff. Learn more.
Non-members and Members at every level are invited to join our team for day-long Field Trips. These interactive bus tours provide an excellent opportunity for contemporary art aficionados at every level to engage with artists, collectors, MCASD Members, and fellow San Diegans in an effort to learn more about the art of our time. Learn more.
For further information about the Collectors Circle Travel Program, please contact Lesley Emery, Special Events and Travel Program Manager, at 858 454 3541 x165 or firstname.lastname@example.com.
For further information regarding the Field Trip Programs, contact April Farrell, Sr. Annual Giving Manager, at 858 454 3541 x165 or firstname.lastname@example.com.
Join Online
Join the MCASD community! Just select a membership level below and click 'Join'.
For more information
To learn more about ways of giving, please contact Allison Caruso in our Advancement Office at 858 454 3541 x154 or email@example.com.
For further information regarding the levels of membership, Collectors Circle or Avant Garde, our special interest group for young collectors, please contact Senior Annual Giving Manager April Farrell at 858 454 3541 x162 or email@example.com.
To join or renew your membership, contact the Membership Office at 858 454 3541 x162 or firstname.lastname@example.com.


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World Fastest Boxing K.O: Phil Williams vs Brandon Burke!
Deuce reports "Minneapolis own Phil "The Drill" Williams entered the record books when he knocked out Brandon Burke of Davenport, Iowa in what is officially recorded as the worlds fastest KO in boxing history"
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NEWS- County spike: Water rates to climb 20% this year
In what a group of water watchdogs fear could be a harbinger of harsher things to come, County water bills will spike 20 percent this year, compounding last year's 30 percent jump to mean customers will pay 55 percent more than just two years ago– and nearly triple what they paid in 1999.
"It's ridiculous," says longtime Albemarle citizen Lucy Bennett. A catering company employee struggling with soaring gasoline prices, she'd like to sign a petition to roll back water rates. "Everything's draining us right now," she says.
The rates, recently advertised in Daily Progress legal notices and posted on the Albemarle County Service Authority's website, show water climbing 11 to 13 percent. But the bulk of the increase comes in sewer rates, which will jump 29 percent.
"No one likes rates to go up," says Service Authority director Gary Fern, who points to two causes: a rise in the underlying rates (2.44 percent for water and 10.54 percent for sewer) set in March by the area's water wholesaler, as well as $7 million in the Service Authority's own pipe-replacement and other capital spending projects [spreadsheet].
Some big water line replacements include $286,300 for Reservoir Road, $842,200 for West Leigh subdivision, and, in what appears to be the biggest expense for a single customer (until one considers talk of a nearby development), $252,700 to replace the old cast-iron water line to Camp Holiday Trails.
One of biggest sewer projects is $650,000 to replace septic tanks with sewer pipes to improve the health of Moore's Creek in the I-64/Fifth Street neighborhood of Oak Hill. Another is $1.3 million for the design phase of what might eventually be a $7-million project: creation of a new and expanded sewage pumping station for Camelot and Briarwood subdivisions, UVA Research Park, GE/Fanuc, the National Ground Intelligence Center, and eventually the proposed North Pointe development.
According to an annual rate survey by Draper Aden Associates, the price of water in Virginia cities and towns has climbed an average of 37 percent and the price of sewer by 58 percent in the past 10 years. What's happened in Albemarle, however, has been much more dramatic– a 273 percent increase in a decade.
According to a rate history provided by Fern [PDF], a family using 5,000 gallons per month, an amount in the mid-range of the three pricing tiers [PDF], paid $25.95 in 1999. Today's monthly bill of $59.31 has been slated to climb, starting July 1, to $70.92–- an annual hit to the wallet of $139.
Former Rivanna Authority director Rich Collins, a member of a new watchdog group, thinks this is the tip of a very sharp iceberg. On May 8, he told radio listeners on WINA's "Charlottesville, Right Now" program that the various water boards– whose spending eventually falls on consumers– are eyeing $400 million in capital projects [mp3-a; mp3-b].
For instance, the wholesaler, the Rivanna Water & Sewer Authority, wants to spend $149.8 million in just the next five years. That includes a controversial dam with a reservoir reaching under Interstate 64 that would eventually replace the storage of the RWSA's two current reservoirs. But it's what the five-year spending plan omits that frightens Collins.
Over $100 million in already-announced future water plans, including a $56 million pipeline, which is considered necessary to fill the new reservoir, will presumably wait for subsequent capital spending plans. And unlike dredging– which an official with dredging experts Gahagan & Bryant recently boasted to City Council always comes in within 10 percent of estimates– the Rivanna Authority concedes that for its large engineering projects, actual construction costs can end up double these preliminary estimates and still count as "accurate."
Kevin Lynch, a former City Councilor and another member of the watchdog group, Citizens for a Sustainable Water Plan, points out that sharp water rate increases in recent years have allowed the Rivanna Authority to stockpile millions of dollars.
"The only reason they can keep rates down for the first few years," says Lynch, "is that they're sitting on a pile of cash that they've been collecting from rate payers." Indeed, the RWSA's most recent annual report [PDF] shows a cash/investment balance of $30.65 million, and Lynch believes that once work begins on state-mandated sewer improvements, such as the $33 million upgrade of the Moore's Creek waste treatment plant, this war chest will evaporate and be replaced by debt that will lead to a doubling– or even another tripling– of water rates. RWSA's documents admit that a new wave of debt is forthcoming.
"This ought to be called the 'Jim Gilmore' water plan," says Lynch. "Burn up the surplus and hide the inevitable deficit that the plan creates until it's too late for anyone to do anything about it."
Comment from the business community has been mixed. The local chamber of commerce director, Timothy Hulbert, recently signaled his group's reaffirmation of the controversial $143 million plan, but Bill Crutchfield, founder and CEO of the mammoth electronics retailer bearing his name, has blasted the insistence [RTF] on avoiding dredging.
Crutchfield isn't alone. In late April, the local chapter of the Sierra Club demanded a new investigation of dredging. And on May 1, at a high-level meeting at UVA, Albemarle County Supervisor Dennis Rooker rained on Frederick's parade by adding his voice to the call for a reconsideration of dredging.
"Once you have a plan approved, it doesn't mean you have to do anything," Rooker told UVA chief operating officer Leonard Sandridge and other members of the multi-jurisdictional Planning and Coordination Council, which invited RWSA director Tom Frederick to speak.
"Getting the permit approved," continued Rooker, referring to the reservoir/pipeline plan Frederick has championed, "gives you the option to execute the plan, and that's a valuable thing. But it doesn't prevent you from getting a bid on maintenance dredging."
Still, Frederick and his chief supporter on the Planning and Coordination Council, the many-hatted Gary O'Connell (the City Manager who also serves the Airport and RWSA boards), kept up the fight.
Frederick, for instance, noted that he's been given a November deadline to submit preliminary plans for a new 45-foot taller dam to replace the existing Ragged Mountain dams that have been pronounced unsafe by ever-patient state regulators but allowed to operate under a series of conditional permits.
"This is like the last," interjected O'Connell.
"From the tone of some of the letters," added a serious Frederick, "that patience has begun to wear thin."
When Rooker, whose Jack Jouett magisterial district includes part of the diminishing Reservoir, was informed that the dams' faults have been known since 1978, wasn't buying into the rush.
"Before we sign a contract on a 45-foot dam," he said, "we have to get a bid on maintenance dredging."
In recent days, a series of revelations about a potential conflict of interest and hotly disputed dredging estimate from engineering firm Gannett Fleming have highlighted the fact that miffed water users have no direct recourse when they disagree with spending decisions. Certainly they can't get relief at the ballot box, since both authorities are led by government-appointed boards.
Although dependent on RWSA's wholesale prices, the City of Charlottesville does give some control of water/sewer rates to an elected body: City Council– who has slated a public hearing on the water plan for May 19. As for City water rates, not yet revealed publicly, that vote is set for June 2.
RWSA chair Mike Gaffney claimed at the May 6 special City Council work session on dredging that despite all the multi-million-dollar structures, City water rates will rise only 1.5 percent annually– County rates by 2.5 percent annually.
Unconvinced County residents can comment to the Albemarle Service Authority's board at its May 22 public hearing on Spotnap Road, but with so much of the spending coming from an unified and unyielding RWSA, there's a worry that some people may have to vote with their feet.


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Item Description
Letter, J. [James] H. Lane to Sir [John Brown]
Author: Lane, James Henry, 1814-1866
Date: September 7, 1857
James H. Lane, whose extant correspondence is scarce, here wrote from Lawrence to John Brown regarding his (Lane's) efforts "in perfecting an organization for the protection of the ballot box at the October Election," and Lane encouraged Brown to come "with all the materials you have." Lane was confident Brown could enter the territory safely but offered all required assistance--protection, transport, etc.
Location of Original: KSHS Call Number: John Brown Collection, #299, Box 1, Folder 27
Item Number: 102643 Number of images: 1
Keywords: Brown, John, 1800-1859; Election, Territorial Legislature, October 1857; Free state cause; Free state militia; Lane, James Henry, 1814-1866; Lawrence, Kansas Territory; Militia; Weapons (see also Guns); Whitman, E. B.
pg. 1


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Vol. 3, No. 1
Your Source for Teaching & Learning
News and Information
Fall 2009
Dr. Joy Adams
Professor of Geography
Humboldt State University
You have probably heard the urban legend claiming that the Chinese character for crisis is a fusion of the characters for danger and opportunity. I suspect that the persistence of this myth, despite ample evidence to the contrary, attests to our collective desire to identify the positive aspects of navigating difficult personal and professional situations.
Although I am a relative newcomer to the CSU system, it is evident that our current state budget crisis is imposing unprecedented challenges on our students, faculty, staff, and administrators. Furthermore, many of the support services upon which our local communities rely have been reduced or eliminated, owing to financial considerations.
As a result, our campus' recent Volunteer Fair saw a record turnout of local agencies participating in hopes of recruiting student assistance. At the same time, we saw a record number of students turning out in search of volunteer opportunities to enhance their professional development and marketability in an increasingly competitive labor market. Our common plight has created common ground, making the climate ideal for educational institutions to contribute to community efforts through service-learning partnerships.
What is service learning?
Service learning is one approach to experiential education. Learn & Serve America defines it as "a teaching and learning strategy that integrates meaningful community service with instruction and reflection to enrich the learning experience, teach civic responsibility, and strengthen communities." Most definitions stress that service learning is intended to provide reciprocal benefits to both students and community partners. However, I have discovered that there are numerous, less obvious multiplier effects that also accompany successful service-learning partnerships, rewarding faculty members, project partners, and educational institutions who support community engagement.
Who benefits?
Despite a demanding workload this fall, I am continuing a collaboration begun last spring to support the development of a Geotourism MapGuide for counties along the northern coast of California. The project is intended to promote locally responsive and sustainable tourism development in our region, and this pilot project will kick off efforts to develop similar resources for our state's central and southern coasts. In addition to the professional development and networking opportunities afforded to my students and the boost this project could provide our local tourism industry, the sponsoring organizations – which include the Bureau of Land Management and National Geographic – are advancing toward their educational and public-service goals by actively involving young people in their efforts. Humboldt State University – and the CSU system more broadly – benefits from the positive press and goodwill generated from the class' involvement.
Of most immediate importance to me as a junior faculty member are the many benefits I receive from my involvement in this endeavor, including a renewed enthusiasm for teaching, becoming better acquainted with my new hometown, opportunities to meet other professionals with shared interests, and the possibility of future publications regarding the project and its impacts. I have begun collaborations with faculty at other CSU campuses within the participating counties in hopes of bringing this model to colleagues throughout the system, which is not only personally rewarding but has the potential to extend the multiplier effects of this undertaking far beyond the boundaries of our region. Although it does require additional time and effort to implement this pedagogical approach, it has been well worth the investment to find the hidden opportunity embedded in our current fiscal crisis.
Looking to get started with service learning or other forms of experiential education?
Each of the 23 CSU campuses has an office dedicated to supporting community engagement, or you can visit the CSU system's Center for Community Engagement. Learn & Serve America's service-learning portal also features a great deal of helpful information, in addition to external links.
Dr. Dennis J. Downey
Professor of Sociology
CSU Channel Islands
In the spring of 2009, sociology students at CSU Channel Islands conducted a survey of patrons of the Camarillo Certified Farmers' Market (CCFM) as a service learning project. The project emerged as a partnership with Camarillo Hospice (principally Executive Director Sandy Nirenberg) which sponsors the market. Camarillo Hospice administrators were interested in learning more about the needs of patrons and how well they are serving those needs. The survey was designed and conducted by students in Introduction to Research Methods, taught by Dennis Downey, as a way of learning about social research through first-hand experience. Students performed basic tasks such as initial questionnaire design, survey administration, and data entry. More advanced components of the research were conducted by Sara Griffin, as part of her sociology capstone project. Finally, all components of the project were monitored and directed by Downey to ensure that proper social research standards were met and that the experience led to significant learning outcomes.
Some of the more interesting findings included the following:
Full copies of the report can be accessed online via the CSUCI Center for Community Engagement
past issues at
Cynthia Desrochers
Director, Institute for Teaching & Learning
CSU, Office of the Chancellor, 6th Floor
Cynthia Desrochers, ITL, Director
With the decision to furlough, CSU faculty professional development efforts have quickly jumped the track of enhancing teaching and learning to one called saving faculty time. In this article I hope to illustrate how both goals can move forward together on the same track.
Moreover, if your philosophy includes the notion that students should leave college more independent and self-reliant than when then entered—or if you have ever used the words entitled and students today in the same sentence—read on.
1—Develop (and carefully explain) a communication system that requires students to do assignments in a timely fashion and plan ahead.
Use email for student questions, student attendance messages to you, and your messages/assignments to the total class. Avoid writing more than a sentence reply. Use class sessions for answering questions, clarifications, and discussion. With this method all students can benefit, you explain it one time, and students don't wait until the last minute to discover their questions.
If you check email only Monday through Thursday, 8 to 5, communicate this, and ask students to plan ahead because you aren't available Sunday night before an exam.
2—Suggest steps that students can take to solve academic problems, alerting them to use resources and people and to consider schedules.
Often these steps mirror what adults do in order to solve life problems (such as a broken home appliance):
3—Encourage out of class readings with checks at the beginning of class
Asking students to get their first exposure to course topics out of class not only encourages responsible behavior but also creates a mental set for class. Start with short, high interest readings and give short (3 questions) beginning of class (or online before class) quizzes on key ideas. I prefer to have students assess/score (3-2-1-0) their own and submit.
4—Craft student-made rubrics for student-constructed assignments and projects
Student-constructed projects (e.g., essays, posters, art projects) have essential criteria and performance levels. Bring in a ready-made example project and ask students to determine the essentials (4-6 optimum) and what a beginning, satisfactory, and stellar fulfillment of each criterion would be. Type up as a rubric and distribute, thus providing students an understanding of (1) the project's essential criteria, (2) the levels of performance, (3) a road map for doing their project, and (4) the assessment tool for self, peer, and teacher evaluation of the final project. If projects are too cumbersome for office-storing, conduct a class sharing session and capture a digital camera image of each project and student instead of collecting.
5—Guide students to monitor their own progress on assignments
Set aside class time to discuss dividing assignments into segments, the steps toward completion of each segment, and a tentative timeline. At a couple critical times throughout the term, discuss (and collect?) have done and have yet to do lists with students.
6—Communicate your line in the sand for paper mechanics
Do you want papers typed, double spaced, with fewer than 10 errors per page? Is there a minimum length, number of references, graphs, etc.? And what happens when this line is crossed? Is the paper returned to the student to resubmit as a late paper? If a paper is riddled with errors, the student will learn more by personally proofreading it than from your corrections. Remember, the person who is doing the proofreading is the person who is growing the dendrites.
7—Limit your corrections and lengthy identical feedback on student papers
When you correct students' writing, do they truly learn the writing rules or merely copy your edits? If the latter, consider making a hash mark(s) in the margin of a line with error(s) and asking students to find and correct their own errors. Another rule of thumb is to mark only the first 10 mechanical errors in a paper, and then ask students to correct the remainder and resubmit. For general feedback to the entire class, consider putting only letter codes by errors on individual papers (e.g., RO for run-on sentence) and either (1) preparing a page of explanations (codes and the rules) and distributing or (2) giving oral explanations (with examples) as part of a total-class-feedback session.
8—Consider giving paragraph versus essay exams
For most of us, writing quality prose requires multiple revisions and tinkering. Similarly, many one-draft and timed student essays are poorly written and do not accurately tap students' understanding. Exams made of a few short-answer paragraphs may be a better assessment tool and more easily deciphered.
Some authors of suggested best practices for reducing time spent grading papers have encouraged a switch from essay to multiple-choice exams. Perhaps the latter are easier to grade, but crafting reliable multiple-choice question that get at students' deep understanding is a challenge. For guidelines on crafting multiple-choice questions, check Idea Paper 16.
Please email Cynthia Desrochers with your strategies for promoting more responsible student learning that save professor time.
The GE Affinity Group consists of CSU faculty and administrators with an interest in general education. It includes deans or AVPs of undergraduate education and current and former faculty chairs of campus GE committees. All are committed to the principles of liberal education at the heart of every CSU bachelor's degree, regardless of major.
The group's Web site survey.csuprojects.org/ge is publicly available. There you will find:
ITL visitors are particularly welcome. Tell them Ken O'Donnell sent you.
Both CSU Chico sessions are live and online through Wimba Classroom. RSVP to Laura Sederberg at (530) 898-4326, or email firstname.lastname@example.com. Log-in and archive at http://bit.ly/1wGncl.


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Schlager music was in the earlier years a German song and one of the most popular genre in the German music sector. The literal meaning of schlager is 'success piece' and is actually the translation of the English word 'Hit'. In the broadest meaning of the word schlager you can define it as the German pop music. Like The English pop music, schlager is emerged around the '20's in the 20th century. Schlager music is strongly influenced by the English music sector. Close related to this genre Is 'volkstümlicher schlager'. The most popular periode for schlager music in Germany was between 1950 and 1970 with famous musicians like Roy Black and Mary Roos. In the late '70s there emerged some new German Music styles which caused a drop in popularity for this genre. For the moment schlager music is rather popular with people of average or advanced age. Schlager songs mostly have subjects such as social discrimination, drugs abuse, social discrimination, divorce and the environment. Schlager is also popular in the Netherlands, especially in the east of the country. Most of the Dutch schlager musicians are only famous in Netherlands and aren't famous in Germany. The most famous Dutch and Belgian Singers are Frans Bauer, Eddy Wally, Corry Kinings and Marianne Weber. A lot of Dutch songs are often translated by German musicians. In Sweden schlager is also a popular music style but the songs aren't very similar to the German Schlagers. In Sweden, most of the time they use this music style in song contests. In Sweden, they also call a Eurovision song contest, a 'schlager contest'. Some famous Swedish schlager musicians are Carola Häggkvist, Charlotte Perrelli and Linda Bengtzing. Equivalent genres to schlager in different countries: - 'Levenslied' in the Netherland - Traditional pop music - 'Volksmusik' in Germany - 'Pimpa' in Portugal.
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Miscellaneous ~ Plasma# Posted on March 17th, 2012 10:14 PM by Gideon ZhiOh, this incident? It´s because of plasma. Plasma explains everything.
But we can´t be sure so you shouldn´t go outside. There´s no scientific basis for believing it´s safe out there.
To learn more about plasma, come find me during PAX East and watch this space during the weekend of April 6-8 where we will be announcing two major projects, showing off new work on other projects, and maybe even releasing a patch for a game I haven´t even looked at since 2004! Our presentation at the show will include live actual-hardware demos of translations, and maybe even an actual-hardware gag reel demo of SRW Alpha Gaiden if we´re super super lucky!
Discuss this news
Progress ~ Star Ocean Blue Sphere: Main Script Translated Star Ocean: Blue Sphere
# Posted on February 19th, 2012 10:33 AM by Gideon ZhiJust as the title says, Blue Sphere´s main script has been translated. Doesn´t include cutscenes, encyclopedia entries, list files, etc though. Haven´t mucked about with it much since, but I´m trying to strike a deal with evo of the Italian project for VWF code. Unfortunately, I don´t have any screenshots or anything to show just yet, but the news is big enough that I figure people would want to know.
Discuss this news
Miscellaneous ~ Aeon Genesis will be at PAX East this April# Posted on February 15th, 2012 06:27 PM by Gideon ZhiIf you´re going to be at PAX East too, you can join us! I´m going to be running a Thing in the Classic Games Freeplay Room at some point over the weekend, but I´m not exactly sure when yet. I´ll be taking questions on the process and on progress, there will be trivia, a chance to play some of our stuff on a real console, and with a little luck and some elbow grease, at least two secret projects making their debut, one of which I´m sure a lot of people will be frothing for, IF you get my meaning! I´m not the only one who´ll be there, too; Niahak (of the "Jesus: Dreadful Bio-Monster" NES translation) will be there, Excellen (SRW Alpha Gaiden translator extraordinaire) might be there, and while I can´t promise anything, we just might have MathOnNapkins, who´s writing a replacement for the Hyrule Magic editor for The Legend of Zelda: A Link to the Past.
I´ll try to post details here as they arrive, but more likely than not I won´t have anything else until after the convention starts. We´re going to try to make it so that it doesn´t interfere with much similar stuff, but there´s always something interesting going on, so it´s going to be tough. If you´re following me on Twitter you´ll get up-to-the-minute news about our mini-event as it happens, too.
As for the site itself, I have updates on at least one or two other projects of High Interest that need to get posted, but I want to space out updates some, so that´ll come in the next couple of days. Enjoy the wait!
Discuss this news
Major Release ~ Dungeon Hacking in Cave Noire Cave Noire
# Posted on February 14th, 2012 11:28 AM by Gideon ZhiThis was a small project that was supposed to take a week at most, and ended up taking more than a month! But it´s done, thanks to EsperKnight and a host of folks each helping out with tiny bits of text. Cave Noire is loosely a roguelike; you have a limited inventory, a limited set of items, and enemies that hit very hard. It´s almost more of a puzzle game, about learning to dodge enemies rather than grinding levels and plowing through them. It´s completely translated, too; hope you enjoy it!
Discuss this news
Miscellaneous ~ Apologies for the silence.# Posted on February 11th, 2012 10:35 AM by Gideon ZhiTo make a long story short, life has been busy. I´ve gone back to school with a full course load for a computer science degree, and I´m still working 36 hours per week, so my free time is at a premium lately and AGTP-related stuff has been moving more slowly than I think any of us would like (myself included!)
HOWEVER! That doesn´t mean I´m giving up, oh no. There´s a lot of stuff happening in the background, some of which will be announced shortly. In fact, I have a release coming, hopefully this weekend! It´s something small I picked up about a month ago with the hope that it´d be a simple, easy, quick project. It turned out to be a massive headache and way more than I´d bargained for, but it´s been playtested and I only have one more bit to hack before it´s done, and with luck that´ll happen today.
More news soon, all willing!
Discuss this news
Miscellaneous ~ Hackathon tomorrow night at UMass Amherst# Posted on September 22nd, 2011 03:55 PM by Gideon ZhiIn the unlikely event that anyone reading this attends UMass Amherst, the ACM is hosting a hackathon tomorrow from 6PM ´til redeye. I´ll be there, working on... something. Not sure what yet. Here´s the website: UMass ACM
In the meantime, here´s what I´ve been working on lately.
Discuss this news
Progress ~ Lady Stalker surges forward Ladystalker - The Apocalypse Engine
# Posted on August 14th, 2011 09:54 PM by Gideon ZhiJust a quick update to the Lady Stalker project: I´d guesstimate that roughly 80% of the techincal stuff is done - that includes rewiring interfaces, adding asm hacks, inserting various kinds of text (though not formatting said text), and so on. There´s still some menu work that needs to be done and some text that hasn´t even gotten touched yet, but on the whole, it´s getting pretty close to being done.
I´ve added 24 new screenshots to the project page and threw a video up on youtube of the opening cinematic, which is now in English. Enjoy! More should be coming soon.
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Progress ~ Rejoice: We Like Action/RPGs Rejoice - Another Aretha Kingdom
# Posted on May 17th, 2011 05:58 PM by Gideon ZhiHere at Aeon Genesis, we´re big fans of action/rpgs, and Rejoice is an ideal specimen! Since last Friday I´ve gone through and completely hacked all of the non-dialog stuff in the game, thanks in no small part to the work of everyone on RHDN´s language board. The entire script has been reinserted as well, though it *is* prone to crashing. I´ve tossed a whole bunch of new screenshots up onto the project´s page, as well as a couple of videos showcasing the opening sequence and some gameplay. Check ´em out!
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Progress ~ I´m going to leave a quick before and after here. Ys V - Kefin, Lost City of Sand
# Posted on May 12th, 2011 07:06 PM by Gideon ZhiYou can guess which is which.
Discuss this news
Major Release ~ Hourai High Celebrates 15 Years - Now in English Adventures of Hourai High
# Posted on April 19th, 2011 05:50 PM by Gideon ZhiFifteen years ago today, Hourai Gakuen no Bouken was unleashed upon an unsuspecting Japanese public. It does not seem to have made much of a splash, which is unfortunate because it´s quite a neat little game! But today we honor its 15th birthday with a complete English translation of the title. I hope you enjoy playing it! (I´m certainly going to enjoy washing my hands of it!)
Discuss this news


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If you think that the gender wage gap is a thing of the past, think again. According to new research, the gap between the annual salaries of men and women remains at $10,000, meaning that women on average take home just 77 percent of what men do.
This research, conducted by the American Association of University Women, found that the level of inequity varies depending on the state. According to the research, Washington, D.C., had the narrowest wage gap in the country. In the nation's capital, men on average earn $61,381 while women earn $56,127 a year. This means that women take home 91 percent of what men do. Vermont, California, Nevada, New York and Maryland were among the most equal states, with women earning 83 percent of what men earned there.
Other states, though, still have progress to make. According to the AAUW, the rest of the list and percentages of what women make compared to men included:
- South Dakota and Arizona (82 percent)
- Massachusetts, North Carolina and Delaware (81 percent)
- Florida, Rhode Island, Texas, Georgia and Hawaii (80 percent)
- New Jersey, Colorado, Virginia, Maine, New Mexico and Iowa (79 percent)
- Minnesota, New Hampshire and Wisconsin (78 percent)
- Kentucky, Washington, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Tennessee and Missouri (77 percent)
- Connecticut, Illinois, Oklahoma, Nebraska and South Carolina (76 percent)
- Alaska, Mississippi, Alabama and Arkansas (75 percent)
- Michigan, Idaho and Kansas (74 percent)
- North Dakota and Montana (73 percent)
- Indiana (72 percent)
- West Virginia (70 percent)
- Utah (69 percent)
- Louisiana (67 percent)
- Wyoming (64 percent)
"Equal Pay Day, which this year falls on April 17, is an unfortunate reminder of how far we have to go to reach true pay equality," AAUW Executive Director Linda Hallman said. "The wage gap hasn't moved significantly in nearly a decade, and at this rate, we'll be marking Equal Pay Day for the next 60 years."


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Pixomondo Recruiting Compositor
Category: Compositor
Company: Pixomondo
Location: Los Angeles (United States)
Start Date: immediately
Job Description
Department: Compositing
Facility: Los Angeles
Date(s): ASAP
Contract Type: Freelance
Company Requirements:
PIXOMONDO is an international visual effects company with a global network. We are recruiting for key positions in our Los Angeles office, where we would like to welcome anyone with the right experience to work in a fresh and international environment.
Good Judgment.
You know what to do. And you know what you need to do now and what you can do later. You know if it needs a bandage or a cure. And you know what's going to happen after you're done with it.
Creativity and Curiosity.
You're smart, but flexible. You're open to considering the other perspective, and sometimes you have the responsibility to come up with it. You don't just "do your thing". You're interested in how other people are doing "their things" too, and how all of those "things" can be done better.
You understand the people you work with are as important as you, and believe that what's good for the company and good for the project, are likely what's good for you too. You listen to what other people are saying and understand it. You can communicate well with others in writing and in person because you know you're not alone.
Courage, Passion, and Honesty.
You don't do something wrong simply because you "were told to" and aren't afraid to speak up respectfully when it's important. We want everything to be the best it can be, and you do too. You take risks and responsibility in proportional measure, and you're reliable. When you say it'll be done, it gets done, and when you said it would.
Position Requirements:
4+ years of experience in visual effects.
Demo reel that shows strong artistic skills including a strong sense of color, lighting, perspective, scale, and composition.
Traditional art portfolio demonstrating traditional art skills is a plus.
Expert knowledge of Nuke (3+ years) is required.
Comfortable with 3D compositing in Nuke.
Excellent attention to detail and desire to deliver consistently high quality work, and encourage those around you to the same standards.
The desire and passion to learn, be better, and make others around you better.
Strong Communication and interpersonal skills
To Apply for this Position:
Please apply online using the button below or email an application to email@example.com. Please include your current resume, reel breakdown, a link to your demo reel and rate.
Pixomondo Recruiting Compositor, Pixomondo Recruiting, 3d jobs, Animation jobs, hiring, job, jobs, Pixomondo, Pixomondo hiring, Pixomondo Recruiting, Recruiting, Recruitment, vfx jobs, video game jobs, Visual Effects Jobs, Compositor


text:
Hollinger Metal Edge strives to hold pricing within this catalog and we are continuously evaluating our products for design and value. Therefore, we reserve the right to make changes and improvements to product and/or pricing without prior notice.
(C) Copyright 2017 Hollinger Metal Edge, Inc, All Rights Reserved Worldwide.
WebSite Services provided by Media Voyage.


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defpkg events that are
Major Section: DEFPKG
This documentation topic explains a little bit about certain errors users may
see when attempting to evaluate a
defpkg event. In brief, if you see
an error that refers you to this topic, you are probably trying to admit a
defpkg event, and you should change the name of the package to be
introduced by that event.
Recall that
defpkg events introduce axioms, for example as follows.
ACL2 !>(defpkg "PKG0" '(a b))Now, a
Summary Form: ( DEFPKG "PKG0" ...) Rules: NIL Warnings: None Time: 0.01 seconds (prove: 0.00, print: 0.00, other: 0.01) "PKG0" ACL2 !>:pr! "PKG0"
Rune: (:REWRITE PKG0-PACKAGE) Status: Enabled Lhs: (SYMBOL-PACKAGE-NAME (INTERN-IN-PACKAGE-OF-SYMBOL X Y)) Rhs: "PKG0" Hyps: (AND (STRINGP X) (NOT (MEMBER-SYMBOL-NAME X '(A B))) (SYMBOLP Y) (EQUAL (SYMBOL-PACKAGE-NAME Y) "PKG0")) Equiv: EQUAL Backchain-limit-lst: NIL Subclass: BACKCHAIN Loop-stopper: NIL ACL2 !>
defpkg event may be executed underneath an
encapsulate or
include-book form that is marked
local. In that case, traces of
the added axiom will disappear after the surrounding
encapsulate or
include-book form is admitted. This can cause inconsistencies. (You
can take our word for it, or you can look at the example shown in the
``Essay on Hidden Packages'' in source file
In order to prevent unsoundness, then, ACL2 maintains the following
invariant. Let us say that a
defpkg event is ``hidden'' if it is in
support of the current logical world but is not present in that world as
an event, because it is local as indicated above. We maintain the
invariant that all
defpkg events, even if ``hidden'', are tracked
under-the-hood in the current logical world. Sometimes this property
defpkg events to be written to the portcullis of a book's
certificate (see books). At any rate, if you then try to define the
package in a manner inconsistent with the earlier such definition, that is,
with a different imports list, you will see an error because of the
above-mentioned tracking.
(By the way, this topic's name comes from Holly Bell, who heard "hidden death package" instead of "hidden defpkg". The description seemed to fit. Thanks, Holly!)


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Sunday, March 27, 2011
Mooloolaba World Cup
Monday, March 7, 2011
Victoria Life & Bazan Bay 5k
I've been in Victoria for about a month now and enjoying it for the most part, but there are lots of things that I'm missing about home! One major plus side are my awesome roommates, Julia and Danika, and our cute little house. Julia (Wilkinson) is a swimmer on the national team who has a busy training schedule like me, so I'm not the only one in the house going to bed at 8pm every night. Poor Danika. Really, these girls are a lot of fun and it's great to live with other athletes who aren't triathletes. We understand each other's weird habits but there's no competition or anything. Love it.
Another major plus side of Victoria is being able to ride outside, however we had a freak snowstorm last week that put that on hold! It was back to the trainer and treadmills for a few days but lucky for me I'm very used to it. The snow disappeared within a week so although it's a bit chilly we're back to training outside.
We've had the great opportunity to swim with Randy Bennett's group these past few weeks (Julia, Ryan Cochrane and lots of other speedsters!). These guys are seriously FAST and we get about 2 seconds rest after each interval, but it's fun to change up our workouts a bit and learn from these world-class swimmers.
Not to be a downer, but there are some things I miss about home too. For one, commonwealth pool is REALLY cold and I spend almost every workout shivering, and then I'm cold for the rest of the morning. I miss the short-course normal temperature pool at U of A! And my friends. And my family. And my dogs. And my house. But maybe this is just a phase and I'll get over it soon.
On another note, I raced for the first time since Budapest yesterday morning. It's hard to go through 7 months of training with no competing at all, so I was very excited to race again. It was a 5km road race in Sidney on a flat course with lots of fast runners in attendance. I got dragged along by the guys for the first km and heard "3:04, 3:05, 3:06" as I was running by… may have been a bit too fast but I was feeling good. The last few km were pretty tough into a head wind and there were a few guys tucking in behind ME to be blocked from the wind. No fair! I finished in 16:33 and surprisingly a course record. I haven't done many 5k races so I'm not sure if this is a good time but I'm happy with the effort! I almost forgot how much racing hurts so it was good to get this under my belt before Mooloolaba.
7 more days 'till we head down under! YAY, Let's get this triathlon season started!


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There are so many ways to look at the cross. So many ways to get a perspective on the death of Christ. I wanna take what may appear to be a somewhat distant one, as we prepare for the Lord's Table. Open your Bible to the little book of Ruth...you have to go eight books into the Bible to find Ruth. There are only two books of the Bible named for women: Ruth and Esther. The book of Esther, we don't know who wrote that. Could've been Mordecai, someone else. The book of Ruth, we don't know for certain, either, who wrote it. Perhaps Samuel. He seems to fit the scene very well. But the little book of Ruth has an important place in the history of Scripture. It is an exquisite story.
It was written during the time of King David's reign in Israel, which would've been about...1000 B.C. King David is mentioned in chapter 4 twice, verses 17 and 22...It is the story of a woman called Ruth. The name Ruth means friendship. There are many things about the story that are instructive, but, above all things, it is one of the loveliest illustrations of God's redeeming grace in the Scripture.
Ruth, who is the star, if you will, or the main character of the story, was a Moabite. And that is to say she was of the people of a country called Moab. She was not an Israelite. Not a Jew. She lived in Moab, which is east of the land of Israel, across the Dead Sea in a barren desert area. Moab was cursed by God and, consequently, Ruth, being a Moabitess was under that curse. Moab was cursed by God, because Moab rejected the true and living God. Moab was an idolatrous nation, and Moab was the perennial enemy of Israel. That nation was constantly hostile to the people of God and to God. Moab was actually formed when Lot...you remember the brother of Abraham...had a child... Genesis 19:37...named Moab. That child, Moab, was born to Lot through an incestuous relationship with his oldest daughter...the grossest kind of human relationship...incest between a father and a daughter produced Moab.
And so that nation was, in a sense, cursed from the very beginning. Centuries later, the Jews suffered opposition from one of the kings of Moab by the name of Balak. And were you to read Numbers 22 to 25, you would remember that Balak wanted to curse Israel. And so he found a prophet for hire by the name of Balaam. And he hired Balaam to pronounce some kind of supernatural curse on Israel...Balaam, you remember, had a hard time pulling it off...and finally got a good talking to from his donkey...For many years, Moab oppressed Israel during the period of the Judges. If you read Judges chapter 3, at least 18 years of direct oppression by Moab against Israel during the period of the Judges. Now, the period of the Judges was before Israel had a king, before Saul, David, Solomon.
When Saul came along, after the Israelites had endured this oppression at the hands of the Moabites, Saul, the first king of Israel, discharged one of his first duties, and that was to defeat Moab. 1 Samuel 14:47 tells about that. As a result of Saul's conquering, as it were, the people of Moab, when David came to the throne, he enjoyed the resulting peaceful relationship with the Moabites. 1 Samuel 22 describes that. However, later, Moab returned to trouble Israel. We find that in 2 Kings chapter 3. So Moab, on and off again, was troublesome to Israel. Moab was idolatrous, rejected the true God, and was generally an enemy of Israel. And, as I said, they had a horrible beginning, cursed from the very outset, because Moab was a child of the grossest kind of incest.
Beyond that, Moab worshipped a god by the name of Chemosh. And one of the characteristics of worshipping Chemosh was child sacrifice. It was customary for those who worshipped this god Chemosh to offer their infant children as sacrifices on an altar, burnt offerings. First Kings chapter 11, 2 Kings chapter 3 describes that. And it was because of...bad beginnings. It was because of the rejection of the true God. It was because of idolatry. It was because of child sacrifice. Because of all of that, God pronounced a curse on Moab. Isaiah chapter 15, Isaiah chapter 16 give us some insight into that curse. If you would look at it for just a moment, because it really sets the stage for the story of Ruth. Isaiah chapters 15 and 16. Isaiah 15 begins the oracle concerning Moab. So here is the pronunciation of judgment on Moab that God gave through Isaiah, and you have down through chapter 15 this pronouncement of judgment against Moab.
Flow down, if you will, through the entire text to chapter 16 and verse 13. And this kind of sums it up. "This is the word which the Lord spoke earlier concerning Moab." But now the Lord speaks, saying...in other words, what...what has just been given in chapters 15 and 16 is the earlier judgment against Moab. But now the Lord has something else to say. Verse 14, "Within three years, as a hired man would count them, the glory of Moab will be degraded along with all its great population, and his remnant will be very small and impotent."
The prophet said, "God is gonna give you three more years, and that's the end." Three more years would take the life of Moab to about 715 B.C. So it's about 300 years after David. And what happened three years after Isaiah's prophecy was that the Assyrian king, by the name of Sargon, came into Moab and absolutely destroyed that nation, killing people, conquering the nation, leaving only a small, as verse 14 says, "Only a small and impotent or feeble remnant." Judgment of devastating proportions fell on Moab, leaving just a small group of people remaining. In the 48th chapter of Jeremiah, again Jeremiah the prophet, because of Moab's incessant rejection of the true God and wickedness, also was used by God to pronounce judgment. And it's a quite fascinating judgment. Jeremiah 48 verse 11. And it says in verse 11, "Mohab...Moab has been at ease since his youth." And...and what the prophet is saying here, is Moab's had it pretty well. Since the very beginning, Moab's lived a fairly comfortable life. It...it was only Saul who really brought a...a serious conquering, and then he...he didn't destroy the nation. He allowed them to continue their life, and there was a certain amount of prosperity and peace there. That had gone on since the time of Saul, who predates David.
So for at least 300 years until the judgment of Sargon came, they'd had it pretty well. They had been...verse 11 says...undisturbed...Hadn't been emptied from vessel to vessel. That is to say, when they made wine, they would put wine in a skin. And the way you produced pure sweet wine was to pour it in a skin, new skin, and it would ferment, producing expansion because of the gas. And what happens in a period of time is the dregs, the bitter goes to the bottom, and the sweeter part of the juice remains on the top. So after a certain period of time, you pour out that top part, the sweet part, into another skin, and the process continues, and a little more dregs will appear in the bottom, and you do it again at a later time. And, finally, no dregs remain. The dregs that do remain are...what we call the dregs...and were used to produce sour, bitter vinegar. But you kept doing that and doing that and doing that until you got a pure, sweet wine. And that is a metaphor or a picture of going through trouble and trouble and trouble and trouble, and trouble has the ability to drain out all the bitterness of life, to leave you sweetened by triumphing over trouble. They hadn't had trouble, and so they had never been poured from vessel to vessel. They had never gone into exile. Therefore, they had retained sort of their original bitter flavor, and their aroma had never become really sweet like wine that's been poured from vessel to vessel.
Because that had never happened, they had continued in their idolatry. Nothing had ever been challenged. And "So, therefore, behold the days are coming...declares the Lord...when I will send to him who...who tipped vessels, and they will tip him over and empty his vessels and shatter his jars. And Moab will be ashamed of Chemosh...that's the god they worshipped...as the house of Israel was ashamed of Bethel, their confidence. There's gonna come a judgment...Jeremiah says...serious judgment."
If you go over in the same chapter to verse 42, it says, "Moab will be destroyed from being a people because he has become arrogant toward the Lord. Terror, pit and snare are coming upon you, O inhabitant of Moab, declares the Lord." So, again, Jeremiah addresses judgment. If we had time, we could read the 25th chapter of Ezekiel. Ezekiel 25 verses 8 to 11. In that section, the Lord says, "I'm gonna execute judgments on Moab, and they will know that I am the Lord, finally." And I think most interesting is Amos chapter 2 verse 1, "For thus says the Lord, 'For three transgressions of Moab and for four I will not revoke its punishment, because he burned the bones of the king of Edom to lime. So I will send fire upon Moab, and it will consume the citadels of Kerioth; and Moab will die amid tumult, with war cries and the sound of a trumpet. I will also cut off the judge from her midst and slay all her princes with him, says the Lord."
Here, again, is the fourth prophet that says there's going to come a deadly, devastating judgment on this cursed people. Now, let's go back... all the way back to Deuteronomy chapter 23. Back in Deuteronomy chapter 23, we have here a...a summation, really, of the curse on Moab. "No Ammonite or Moabite shall enter the assembly of the Lord; none of their descendants, even to the tenth generation, shall ever enter the assembly of the Lord." And in this case, it wasn't just their idolatry, wasn't just their sin, wasn't just their rejection of God, it was the fact that they'd never helped the people of Israel. So, because of all of these things, the curse was that none of them would ever be allowed to enter the assembly of Israel. That is, none of them would ever come inside the covenant.
In Nehemiah, much later when the people had been in captivity, come back from captivity, they picked up the book of Moses, Nehemiah 13, they turned to Deuteronomy 23. "They read aloud from the book of Moses. There was found written in that no Ammonite or Moabite shall ever enter the assembly of God...ever...because they didn't meet the sons of Israel with bread and water. They hired Balaam, again, to curse them." And so they were a cursed people, and the curse was nobody from that country is ever going to enter the assembly of God. Moabites, then, are symbolic of cursed sinners, alienated from God.
Let's go back to Ruth. Ruth was a Moabitess. This is a problem. The story takes place not in the time of David. It was written in the time of David, but it takes place in the time of the Judges. Probably during the judgeship of a man named Jair, J A I R, according to Judges chapter 10, before the time of Saul and David. It's the time of the judges. It's the time when the curse on Moab is in force. It was always in force until the destruction of that nation. Specifically, the curse said to the tenth generation. Interestingly enough, some scholars have calculated that Ruth was a member of generation number eleven. It is also possible that the tenth generation was just a sort of a simile for permanently. Because in the repetition of the curse in Nehemiah 13, the tenth generation is not mentioned, and the curse there appears to be permanent. Whether or not Ruth was a member of the eleventh generation, and you take it specifically, or you take it sort of generically, meaning permanently, is...sort of unprovable either way.
But the point is...I lean toward the forever character of the curse rather than simply the actual ten generations, because it's not repeated in Nehemiah 13. Moabite people were, by God, shut out from the assembly of those who worshiped Him. Shut out, as it were, from redemption because of their iniquities. Turn to Isaiah 56...I'm taking a long time to get to the point, but the point's gonna be good when I get there.
Isaiah 56...verse 1...prophet writes, "Thus says the Lord...this is from God...'Preserve justice and do righteousness, for My salvation is about to come and My righteousness to be revealed. How blessed is the man who does this, and the son of man who takes hold of it; who keeps from profaning the Sabbath, keeps his hand from doing any evil.' Let not the foreigner who has joined himself to the Lord say, 'The Lord will surely separate me from His people.' Neither let the eunuch say, 'Behold, I am a dry tree.'"
Boy, verse 3 introduces a brand new thought. "Let not the foreigner who has joined himself to the Lord say, 'The Lord will surely separate me from His people.'" God had said no Moabite, no Ammonite, but something's different here. "Let not the foreigner think that he can't be joined to the Lord."
Verse 4, "For thus says the Lord, 'Eunuchs who are also cursed who keep My Sabbaths, and choose what pleases Me, and hold fast My covenant, to them, I will give in My house and within My walls a memorial, and a name better than that of sons and daughters; I will give them an everlasting name which will not be cut off." Now, there is an interesting...double meaning. Eunuch, by definition, had something cut off, but I will not cut them off.
In verse 6, "Also the foreigners who join themselves to the Lord, to minister to Him, and to love the name of the Lord, to be His servants, every one who keeps from profaning the Sabbath and holds fast My covenant; even those I will bring to My holy mountain and make them joyful in My house of prayer. Their burnt offerings and their sacrifices will be acceptable on My altar; for My house will be called a house of prayer for...what?...all the peoples." Wow. So the curse is only in place until a foreigner and a cursed person, alienated from and separated from God, turns to God, joins himself to the Lord, holds fast the covenant, observes the Sabbath, and does what pleases god. Curse then is only in place unless there's a turning to Him.
We'll go back to Ruth now. Find ourselves in the book of Ruth in Moab. It was in the days, verse 1 says of chapter 1, "When judges governed, and there was a famine in Israel. So there was a certain man who lived in Bethlehem, and Judah went to sojourn in the last of Moab with his wife and two sons." Took his wife, two sons, went to Moab because he wanted some food. There was a famine in Israel. The man's name was Elimelech. Name of his wife was Naomi, and his two sons were Mahlon and Chilion, and they were from Bethlehem in Judah. "They entered the land of Moab, and they remained there." Then you know the story, "Elimelech, Naomi's husband, died; she was left two boys, and they took two Moabite women as wives, one named Orpah, and the other Ruth. They lived there about ten years."
So here we meet Ruth. She's a Moabite. She married an Israelite man who had come with his whole family to Moab due to severe famine in Israel. He was from Bethlehem. After ten years of marriage, the husband dies, brother dies, and the father has already died. Verse 5, "Mahlon and Chilion died," and now there aren't any men. There's just three widows. The mother-in-law, Naomi, and two widowed daughter-in-laws, Orpah and Ruth. Now Naomi says, "I'm gonna go back to Israel, and you girls should stay here." That's when the story gets interesting.
"She arose with her daughters-in-law...verse 6...that she might return from the land of Moab. She had heard in the land of Moab that the Lord had visited His people in giving them food...There was food back there. She was going back...Naomi said to her two daughter-in-laws...in verse 8...'Go, and return to your own mother's house. Go back to your home. Your parents will take care of you. May the Lord deal kindly with you as you have dealt with the dead and with me. May the Lord grant you that you may find rest, ease in the houts...ease in...each in the house of her husband...I mean the husband's house would then take care of the widow...She kissed them. They lifted up their voices and wept."
There was real love among these women, "And they said to her, 'No, but we will surely return with you to your people.' Naomi said, 'Return, my daughters. Why should you go with me? Have I yet sons in my womb, that they may be your husbands?'" Like I can't help you. I don't have any more sons. "Return, my daughters! Go, for I am too old to have a husband. If I said I have hope, if I should even have a husband tonight and also bear sons, would you therefore wait until they were grown? No, there's no hope with me. Just...just go on."
Verse 14, they lifted up their voices, wept again; Orpah kissed her mother-in-law, but Ruth clung to her. And then she said, 'Behold, your sister-in-law has gone back to her people and her gods; return after your sister-in-law.'" That's very important. Orpah went back to her sis...to her family, and also her what? Her gods. But the implication here is that Ruth was interested in the true and living God. The God of her husband, her mother-in-law, and her father-in-law, and brother-in-law. So in verse 16, "Ruth said, 'Do not urge me to leave you or turn back from following you; for where I...you go, I will go, and where you lodge, I will lodge. Your people shall be my people, and your God, my God.'"
That's the testimony of Ruth's conversion, isn't it? At least her interest in the true God. "Where you die, I will die, and there will I be buried." That is a...that is a very familiar portion of scription often...Scripture often read at weddings. "Thus may the Lord do to me and worse, if anything but death parts you and me." And she went. Verse 19, "They went until they came to Bethlehem"...and there they were in Bethlehem. Two widows. She chooses to go with Naomi. After a ten-year stay in Moab, they come back. In a society where widows were often ignored, especially those who were from Moab. And these two needed support. She was a cursed woman, Ruth, a Moabite, the enemy. Providentially, by the way, when they got back there, it was the time of the barley harvest, and one of the provisions of the Old Testament law was that, during the...the harvest, poor people could glean. What that really meant was they could go behind the harvesters and pick up what the harvesters dropped or what the harvest didn't cut, they could cut. What fell off the wagon, they could pick up.
And Ruth agreed to go gleaning in the field. The end of verse 22, "They came to Bethlehem at the beginning of the barley harvest." And I think you know the story from there. Ruth goes out to glean, and she winds up in a field that belongs to a man named Boaz. If you go down to verse 3 in chapter 2, "She departed, went and gleaned in the field after the reapers...she would follow the reapers and pick up what they dropped...she happened to come to the portion of the field belonging to Boaz...look at this...who was of the family of Elimelech." She had already decided she wanted to follow the true God, and so there she was, destitute in the land, a foreigner, an enemy, cursed. "Boaz came and said to the reapers, 'May the Lord be with you.' And they said to him, 'May the Lord bless you.'" And that's just a little insight into the kind of man he was who had such a kindness and such a spiritual attitude toward those who did his work.
"Boaz said to this servant who was in charge of the reapers, 'Whose young woman is this? I don't recognize her.' The servant in charge of the reapers answered and said, 'She's the young Moabite woman who returned with Naomi from the land of Moab.' And she said, 'Please let me glean and gather after the reapers among the sheaves.'" She really didn't have a right to do it, I guess, in one sense, because she wasn't an Israelite. "She came and has remained from morning until now; she has been sitting in the house for a little while." She's just waiting for permission to do what she needs to do. "Boaz said to Ruth, 'Listen carefully, my daughter. Do not go to glean in another field; furthermore, do not go on from this one, but stay here with my maids. You stay right here, and you work right here. Let your eyes be on the field which they reap, and go after them. Indeed, I have commanded the servants not to touch you. When you are thirsty, go to the water jars and drink from what the servants draw. You have all the privileges of gleaning in my field.' And she fell on her face, bowing to the ground and said to him, 'Why have I found favor in your sight that you should take notice of me, since I'm a foreigner?' Boaz answered and said her, 'All that you have done for your mother-in-law after the death of your husband has been fully reported to me, and how you left your father and your mother and the land of your birth, and you came to a people that you didn't previously know. May the Lord reward your work, and your wages be full from the Lord, the God of Israel, under whose wings you have come to seek refuge.'"
Isn't that great? This was a spiritual decision on her part. She came to be under the wings of the true and living God, the Lord God of Israel. "At mealtime, Boaz said to her, 'Come here, that you may eat of the bread and dip the piece of bread in the vinegar.' So she sat beside the reapers; and he served her roasted grain, and she ate and was satisfied and had some left." Now, this guy's really a kind man and generous. "When she rose to glean, Boaz commanded his servants, saying, 'Let her glean even among the sheaves, and do not insult her. Let her go where you're not supposed to go. Let her go right into the sheaves when you gather the sheaves and pull out anything she wants." That was not part of the deal. "So she gleaned in the field until evening...verse 17...She beat out what she had gleaned...that was the process of getting the grain out...and it was about an ephah of barley. And she took it and went up to the city, and her mother-in-law saw what she had gleaned. She also took it out and gave Naomi what she had left after she was satisfied. Her mother-in-law said to her, 'Where did you glean and where did you work?'...and, of course, she says...'The man's name was Boaz.' And Naomi said to her daughter-in-law, 'May he be blessed to the Lord who has not withdrawn his kindness to the living and to the dead.' And Naomi said to her, 'The man is our relative." Wow. This is an amazing coincidence. "He happens to be a relative. He is one of our closest relatives."
Is that important? Oh, it's very important, because there was, in the law of Israel, a principle called the kinsman redeemer. When someone was widowed, it was the responsibility of an unmarried man in the family to take her as his bride, so that she was not destitute. Rather than take another woman out of a family, that family already should take care of its own, and so the law of what was called levirate marriage, kinsman marriage, was that the nearest unmarried man would take the widow for his own bride so that she might not be left destitute. Well, Naomi thinks this is a great possibility.
So you remember the story in chapter 3, verse 1, "Naomi said to her, 'My daughter, shall I not seek security for you, that it may be well with you?"...I wanna work this deal out...For you, this an ancient Near Eastern custom, since Boaz was older by a generation, he would not ask her. That's not what was done. She would have to make an overture to him.
So verse 3, "Wash yourself, anoint yourself"...what's that? You know, clean up and put on some perfume, "Put on your best clothes...Go down to the threshing floor; but don't make yourself known to the man until he's finished eating and drinking, his meal is over. When he lies down, you shall notice the place where he lies. You shall go and uncover his feet and lie down." You say, "That is strange." It is strange. It was an old Near Eastern custom. Boaz would not, being older by a generation, approach her. He showed tremendous kindness, but he would not have initiated a proposal. But this is the way a woman could very gracefully initiate a proposal to a man.
And so, with no breach of her moral virtue, "In the middle of the night, the man was startled, bent forward; and behold, a woman was lying at his feet. He said, 'Who are you?' She said, 'I'm Ruth, your maid. So, please, sir, spread your covering over you maid, for you're a close relative.'" What's she's saying is, "Marry me." Men, I know you would dream that this will happen, but it won't. It is an ancient Near Eastern custom. "Marry me." "And he said...what a kind man...'May you blessed of the Lord, my daughter. You have shown your last kindness to be better than the first by not going after young men, whether poor or rich.'"
She could've gone after a young man, maybe more attractive. Maybe promising a longer life together. But she knew levirate marriage, and she knew that this was what the people of Israel did. And she wanted to conform to what they did. And he had so much integrity, he says, "Now, my daughter, do not fear. I will do for you whatever you ask, for all my people in the city know that you are a woman of excellence." She had already garnered a reputation as a virtuous woman, and now it's time..."It's true...he said...I am a close relative; however, there is a relative closer than I am." This is how much integrity he has. He says, "You know, there's somebody who's a closer relative who has the first right of refusal on the deal. We gotta find this guy."
So they do. "Remain this night...verse 13...and I...when the morning comes, if he will redeem you, good." Oh, here's a new word. The word what? Redeem. "If he doesn't wanna redeem you, I'll redeem you. Just go to sleep until morning." You know what the act of redemption is? Buying someone for your own personal possession..."So she lay at his feet until morning and rose before one could recognize another...that's in the dark in case you didn't know...And he said, 'Let it not be known that the woman came to the threshing floor. Just go away. Don't say anything about this.' And he said, 'Give me the cloak that is on you and hold it.' So she held it, and he measured six measures of barley and laid it on her."
Some translations say six ephahs. That would be ridiculous. She couldn't carry 200 pounds. Probably ciahs, which would be 60 to 75 pounds. He loaded her up. She went into the city. This was like good faith, you know? She's coming in, and she's got this blanket full of 75 pounds of grain, and her mother-in-law says, "Well, how did it go?" "It went really well." Yeah, I think it did, didn't it?...
So in chapter 4 Boaz goes into the town to find the guy who's the nearest relative, because that's appropriate to do that, and the first six verses of chapter 4 tell the story that the nearest relative won't redeem her. He won't do it. The end of verse 6, he says to Boaz, "Redeem for yourself; you may have my right of redemption, for I can't redeem. Now this was the custom...verse 7...in former times in Israel concerning the redemption and how it was to be done." There's a little exchange of a sandal and so forth and so on. Verse 8, "The closest relative said to Boaz, 'Buy it for yourself.' And he removed his sandal. Boaz said to the elders and all the people, 'You are witness today that I have bought from the hand of Naomi all that belonged to Elimelech.'...This, he had to purchase all the land that belonged to Elimeneck...Elimelech, which provided all kinds of money resource for Naomi, the widow. "All that belonged to Chilion. All that belonged to Mahlon. I've bought it all. Paid for it. I have also acquired Ruth the Moabitess, the widow of Mahlon, to be my wife in order to raise up the name of the deceased on his inheritance, so that the name of the deceased may not e cut off from his brothers or from the court of his birth place; you are witnesses today."
And so he purchases the Moabite woman. Look at verse 13. "So Boaz took Ruth, and she became his wife, and he went in to her. And the Lord enabled her to conceive, and she gave birth to a son." Wow. "Then the women said to Naomi, 'Blessed is the Lord who has not left you without a redeemer. May his name become famous in Israel. May he also be to you a restorer of life and a sustainer of your old age; for your daughter-in-law, who loves you and is better to you than seven sons, has given birth to him.' And Naomi took the child and laid him in her lap, and became his nurse. The neighbor women gave him a name, saying, 'A son has been born to Naomi!' So they named him Obed. He was the father of Jesse, who was the father of...whom?...David." Wow.
So Naomi, this cursed Moabite, was the great grandmother of David. If you read Matthew 1, you're going along through the genealogy, you'll come to verse 5, Ruth. How did a cursed Moabite get into the line of Messiah? Answer: Because God provided for her a redeemer. Boaz is a picture of our kinsman redeemer. The Lord Jesus Christ, who bought us for Himself, out of the curse, out of our destitution, made us His own beloved bride and blesses us for all generations...
When you come to the Gospel of Luke, as we remember, in chapter 2 verse 38, there were a group of people in Israel who were waiting for the redemption. Remember that? They were waiting for the redeemer, and they were not disappointed. But when Jesus came...Hebrews 9:12 says, "He brought eternal redemption." Those who sought to know the true God, those who seek to know the true God...are redeemed by the Lord Jesus Christ, who paid the price in full to make us His purchased possession, His eternal bride, to which He, for all eternity, pours out blessing.
Join me in prayer. Father, as we come to the Lord's table, we remember the Lord, our Redeemer. We remember that He paid the price of our redemption on the cross...that price, not like...Boaz paid...Boaz paid out of his substance. Christ paid with His own life, His own blood. And He purchased a bride cursed, doomed to judgment, but bought with a price. Not silver and gold, but the precious blood of a lamb without blemish and without spot. This is the cross where our kinsman Redeemer...one of us...in the likeness of a man...paid the full price to redeem us from the curse and take us out of our spiritual poverty and bankruptcy and bring us into eternal blessing. And so, as we come to the cross, may we meet again with hearts filled with gratitude, our Redeemer.
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