text:
Paul J. Mills, Tiffany Barsotti, Meredith A. Pung, Kathleen L. Wilson,
Laura Redwine, and Deepak Chopra
Gratitude, along with love, compassion, empathy, joy, forgiveness, and self-knowledge, is a vital attribute of our wellbeing. While there are many definitions of gratitude, at its foundation, gratitude is a healing, life-affirming, and uplifting human experience that shifts us from focusing on the negative to appreciating what is positive in our lives. Gratitude provides us with a more intimate connection to ourselves and the world around us. In the feeling of gratitude, the spiritual is experienced.
For those who are ill, feelings of gratitude and awe may facilitate perceptions and cognitions that go beyond the focus of their illness, and include positive aspects of one's personal and interpersonal reality in the face of disease. Such beneficial associations with gratitude have accelerated scientific interest in and research on gratitude and wellbeing. The number of publications on gratitude appearing in the biomedical literature in 5-year increments since 1960-1965 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/) shows almost no publications until 1996-2000 with about 20 studies. That number doubled from 2001-2005. From 2006-2010 publications jumped to 150, and from 2011 to the present over 275 studies on gratitude have been published.
Much of this growth of scientific interest in gratitude can be traced to the early pioneering gratitude research of psychologists Robert Emmons and Michael McCullough. In general, studies find that the frequency with which one experiences the feeling of gratitude, as well as the depth of emotion when experiencing it, are linked to improvements in perceived social support as well as reduced stress and depression. Among groups seeking to support this work, the Greater Good Science Center (Berkeley, CA), in collaboration with the Templeton Foundation (West Conshohocken, PA), has been a strong advocate of advancing the science of gratitude and expanding that science into diverse areas of human health and wellbeing.
One area of research that has helped to elucidate our understanding of the science of gratitude and wellbeing is behavioral cardiology. The field of behavioral cardiology augments traditional cardiology by examining psychosocial factors as they relate to cardiac health. Traditionally, behavioral cardiologists focused more on traits such as anger expression and hostility. Cardiologists Friedman and Rosenman, who first described the Type A behavior pattern in the late 1950s, conducted some of the earliest and most systematic scientific work in this area. The Type A behavior pattern is characterized by a set of personality traits including free floating hostility, competitiveness and time urgency; with more of these traits being associated with worse disease. Research eventually suggested that it is anger coping styles, and not competitiveness and time urgency, that are the more pathogenic aspects of the behavior pattern, linking them to morbidity and mortality.
In contrast to these types of adverse influences of relatively negative psychological traits, studies of positive psychological attributes indicate potential beneficial effects on quality of life and physical health in cardiac disease. In several clinical populations, spirituality and/or religious wellness are often associated with better mental and physical health. In this literature, spiritual wellbeing is seen as distinct from religiousness. In individuals with symptomatic heart failure, for example, there is a positive relationship between spiritual wellbeing and better physical and mental wellbeing. These are important observations because heart failure is a major US public health concern affecting over 6 million Americans with rates expected to nearly triple over the next few decades as the population ages. Heart failure is the end stage of most cardiac anomalies, with the annual number of hospitalizations exceeding 1 million and US direct costs exceeding $40 billion/year. There is increasing recognition of the value of embracing multidisciplinary therapeutic approaches in heart failure (as well as other chronic illnesses) that include enhancing spirituality and positive psychological traits as part of more routine psychosocial support. Early studies report reduced depressive symptoms and better health-related outcomes among individuals with cardiovascular disease following spirituality-based interventions that include guided imagery, meditation, journaling, and nature-based activities.
A recent collaboration between the UC San Diego Center of Excellence for Research and Training in Integrative Health and the Chopra Foundation examined associations between gratitude and wellbeing in men and women with asymptomatic heart failure. We found that those patients with more dispositional or trait gratitude also slept better, were less depressed, had less fatigue, had more self-confidence to take care of themselves, and had less systemic inflammation. We also took the opportunity in this study to examine the role that gratitude might have in the known beneficial effects of spirituality on wellbeing. We conducted what is called a mediation analysis (in statistics, a mediation model attempts to explain the underlying process by which one variable exerts its effect on another (in this case how spirituality might lead to enhanced wellbeing) by considering the effect of a third variable; in this case gratitude). We found that gratitude fully or partially accounted for the beneficial effects of spiritual wellbeing on sleep quality, mood, confidence in self-care, and fatigue. That is, in this group of patients, the observed relationships between spiritual wellbeing and better mood and sleep quality were due to the contributions of gratitude as a fundamental component of spiritual wellbeing. Together, the findings from this study are confirmatory of gratitude's relationships with better mental and physical wellbeing in cardiovascular disease.
Beyond observational studies relating trait gratitude to an array of measures of wellbeing, further work in the form of gratitude intervention studies has begun to demonstrate that when we are intentional with our gratitude and actually create time and space to regularly practice gratitude, other areas of wellbeing improve as well. Though researchers consider gratitude to be a trait, this does not imply that it exists solely as a genetic setpoint that cannot be changed. Instead, engaging in intentional gratitude practices are associated with a variety of benefits and may, in fact, boost the frequency, depth, and range of circumstances for which we are grateful. Practices that actively cultivate a more conscious experience of gratitude take us beyond reciprocal gratitude, and greatly enrich our lives and our sense of connection to the life around us. A recent gratitude intervention study, for example, found that when health care workers kept a work-related gratitude diary they had a decline in stress and depressive symptoms. As anthropologist and author of the book Living in Gratitude: A Journey That Will Change Your Life, Angeles Arrien wrote 'Through conscious and sustained practice over a period of time, we can discover again how gratitude and all its related qualities—thankfulness, appreciation, compassion, generosity, grace, and so many other positive states—can become integrated and embodied in our lives'. When gratitude is present in our awareness, everything changes, we can find ourselves transformed.
There are numerous practices to cultivate gratitude. At the Chopra Center for Wellbeing in Carlsbad CA., "What am I grateful for?" is one of four key questions that practitioners pose to themselves prior to entering into meditation. Such practices of gratitude bring awareness to and appreciation of the positive features within and around us, helping us to embrace life as it is with all of its imperfections. Other practices to consciously cultivate a grateful life include journaling, counting blessings, savoring positive moments, and behavioral expressions of gratitude such as thank you notes, to name a few. By cultivating gratitude, we cultivate wellbeing.
For readers interested in learning about current biomedical studies examining gratitude and wellbeing in different states of illness, including cardiovascular disease, a description of these studies can be found at the US National Institutes of Health ClinicalTrials.Gov website (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/home) by searching the word 'gratitude'. ClinicalTrials.gov is a registry and results database of publicly and privately supported clinical studies of human participants conducted around the world.
Additional Reading
Algoe SB, Haidt J, Gable SL. Beyond Reciprocity: Gratitude and Relationships in Everyday Life. Emotion, 8:425-9, 2008
Cheng ST, Tsui PK, Lam JH. Improving mental health in health care practitioners: randomized controlled trial of a gratitude intervention. J Consult Clin Psychol, 83:177-86, 2015
Dubois, C. M., Beach, S. R., Kashdan, T. B., Nyer, M. B., Park, E. R., Celano, C. M., & Huffman, J. C. Positive psychological attributes and cardiac outcomes: associations, mechanisms, and interventions. Psychosomatics, 53, 303-318, 2012
Mills P.J., Redwine L., Wilson K., Pung M.A., Chinh K., Greenberg B.H., Lunde O., Maisel A., Raisinghani A., Wood A., Chopra D. The Role of Gratitude in Spiritual Wellbeing in Asymptomatic Heart Failure Patients. Spirituality in Clinical Practice 2, 5-17, 2015
Mccullough, M. E., Emmons, R. A., & Tsang, J. A. The grateful disposition: A conceptual and empirical topography. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 82, 112–127, 2002
Sacco, S. J., Park, C. L., Suresh, D. P., & Bliss, D. Living with heart failure: psychosocial resources, meaning, gratitude and well-being. Heart Lung, 43, 213-218, 2014
Wood, A.M, Tarrier, N. Positive Clinical Psychology: a new vision and strategy for integrated research and practice. Clinical Psychological Reviews, 30, 819-29, 2010
Paul J. Mills, PhD, Professor of Family Medicine and Public Health, and Psychiatry at the University of California, San Diego; Director of Research at the Chopra Foundation
Tiffany Barsotti, MTh, C.Ht, Medical Intuitive, Counselor and Researcher at Heal and Thrive in Encinitas CA
Meredith Pung, PhD, Clinical Research Coordinator, University of California, San Diego
Kathleen L. Wilson, MS, Clinical Research Coordinator, University of California, San Diego
Laura Redwine, PhD, Assistant Professor of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego
Deepak Chopra, MD, Co-Founder of The Chopra Center for Wellbeing, Carlsbad, CA; Assistant Clinical Professor of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California, San Diego
By Deepak Chopra, MD, and Menas Kafatos, PhD
The night sky that you can view from your back yard is roughly the same, given a few changes in the positions of stars, as the night sky Galileo turned his telescope on to. But visual similarity is misleading. There have been half a dozen different universes conceived of in the human mind. As each conception changes, so does reality. We like to think that science steadily marches forward, but with each new universe something is lost and something is gained. Here we take the term universe to imply a world view, rather than just the large-scale universe explored with telescopes and deep space probes.
Here's a sketch of how this has worked:
- The Divine Universe: The first universe was created by God or the gods.
- The Classical Universe: The second universe, sometimes known as the clockwork universe, perceived to work in a perfect mechanism, was created and ruled by fixed laws of nature knowable through human reason and by applying the mathematical equations of classical physics.
- The Relativistic Universe – The third universe, based on Einstein's General Theory of Relativity, preserved the unity of the classical universe but showed that a new spacetime geometry was necessary. Its consequence was a dynamical, expanding universe.
- The Quantum Universe: The third universe was still ruled by laws of nature, but in place of constants, a large element of randomness and probability was introduced. Einstein's attempt to preserve a unified scheme akin to the classical universe was rejected, mostly because of laboratory evidence rather than philosophical principles.
Because no one to-date has been able to make the relativistic universe mesh with the quantum universe, an enormous mathematical guessing game began and still continues. There are many exotic universes that could be described, according to one's belief in cosmological and particle theories such as steady state, eternal inflation, superstring, Standard Model, many worlds, the multiverse, M theory, and so on. All are mathematical in nature. They do not describe how reality actually works, although there's always the optimistic hope that theory and reality may match. Taken as a group, these theories all belong to the present universe, which is as follows:
- The Uncertain Universe, which is based on many equations, some critical observations, and huge expenditures of time and money in an attempt to extract new data about the fabric of nature.
Uncertainty isn't a comfortable state to live with, so two other universes have recently cropped up.
- The Conscious Universe, which is based on the notion that random events may not be enough to explain the exquisite fine tuning of the laws of nature and, more importantly, the rise of life on Earth.
- The Human Universe, which is based on the undeniable fact that any universe must be based on the human mind's ability to think about reality. If all knowledge is rooted in human consciousness, perhaps we are viewing not the real universe but a selective one based on the limitations of the brain.
The gains and losses that attend each universe or world view are well known. If you shift from the divine universe to the classical universe, you lose God but you gain predictable, exact mechanisms for natural phenomena. If you shift from the classical universe to the relativistic universe, you lose the absolute constancy of time and space but gain a dynamic way to explain how distant objects in motion seemingly recede from us up to the speed of light. For some people, including scientists, there's a refusal to accept the losses. People who believe that God created the world in seven days are willing to sacrifice science because they don't want to lose God. Chemists, whose work is largely confined to the classical world, willingly turn their backs on quantum insights, finding them interesting but largely not utilitarian.
This leaves us in a landscape where choices are being made for arbitrary reasons. The many camps that vie for dominance in the Uncertain Universe have spent decades bouncing from one fad to the next, and although a so-called standard model of the cosmos exists, the basic interpretation of quantum mechanics, a hundred years after its formulation, is hotly argued over.
What needs to happen is a decisive break based on validated findings that clear away the arbitrary choices and faddishness that has made the Uncertain Universe such a muddle. This is what the Conscious Universe attempts to do, and at a more speculative level, the Human Universe. Actually, in a sense, the Human Universe is an aspect of the Conscious Universe, referring back to us as observers. At the very least each of us needs to be aware of the lay of the land. The basic notion taught in school holds that science marches in a straight line, thus insuring steady progress in any field of knowledge. That model is only partially true. Science also contains politics, fads, false starts, shaky assumptions, and confusion about basic principles that have become outmoded over time. Remember this the next time you are tempted to pick the universe you live in. There are a lot more choices than you may imagine. Ultimately this is good, because it opens the door to ponder the deep questions of existence, which are far more important than contending theories among a handful of scientific elites..
DEEPAK CHOPRA MD, FACP, founder of The Chopra Foundation and co-founder of The Chopra Center for Wellbeing, is a world-renowned pioneer in integrative medicine and personal transformation, and is Board Certified in Internal Medicine, Endocrinology and Metabolism. He is a Fellow of the American College of Physicians and a member of the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists.
Chopra is the author of more than 80 books translated into over 43 languages, including numerous New York Times bestsellers. TIME magazine has described Dr. Chopra as "one of the top 100 heroes and icons of the century." The World Post and The Huffington Post global internet survey ranked Dr. Chopra #40 influential thinker in the world and #1 in Medicine. Coming soon: Super Genes (November 10, 2015, Penguin Harmony)
MENAS C. KAFATOS Ph.D. is the Fletcher Jones Endowed Professor of Computational Physics, at Chapman University. He is a quantum physicist, cosmologist, and climate change researcher and works extensively on consciousness. He holds seminars and workshops for individuals and corporations on the natural laws that apply everywhere for well-being and success. His doctoral thesis advisor was the renowned M.I.T. professor Philip Morrison who studied under J. Robert Oppenheimer. He has authored 300+ articles, is author or editor of 15 books, including "The Conscious Universe" (Springer) with Robert Nadeau, and is co-author with Deepak Chopra of the forthcoming book, "The Creative Cosmos" (Harmony). You can learn more at http://www.menaskafatos.com and follow him on Facebook: www.facebook.com/menas.kafatos Twitter:@mckafatos and LinkedIn: Menas
By Deepak Chopra, MD
When they become parents, many people wonder how to impart spiritual values to their children. The traditional model of sending them to Sunday school is one alternative; another is to draw the entire family into the personal spirituality of the parents, as more people turn away from organized religion to carve their own path. Children grow up to reflect how they are raised, which makes this an important issue.
To begin with, a child's spiritual life should be age appropriate. A very young child's brain hasn't matured enough to absorb adult beliefs, and the overall development of every child is unique. Before age ten or so, I feel that spiritual parenting will have the most lasting effect if it builds a foundation in the self rather than focusing on principles. As a practical matter, every young child should feel that
- They are loved and lovable.
- They are worthwhile in their parents' eyes.
- Being a good person comes from within.
- Happiness and fulfillment are natural.
At this stage, the role of caretaker is all-important. Young children have their own predispositions that show up early on. A child starts to show personality traits very soon in life. Yet no matter how different they are, children need to feel worthy and loved.
The next phase of spiritual parenting is about values. Child psychology studies have shown that babies as early as six months old want to help their mothers, and even infants react positively when they see good behavior and shy away from bad behavior in others. So there is reason to feel that children have a moral nature.
With that in mind, parents should develop a child's inner values all the time while keeping in mind that grasping these values mentally, in terms of abstract ideas, isn't going to happen early on. Instead, children internalize what they see and how they are treated. Saying "Be nice to your little brother" makes an impression the first time, with decreasing meaning as it gets repeated. But seeing parents who are fair and kind literally trains a child's brain in that direction.
Lifelong values are not instilled through negative lessons and punishment. What a child takes away from these experiences is guilt, shame, and resentment. The same is true if parents instill fear and doubt by telling children such things as "Life is unfair," "If you don't look out for number one, no one else will," and "If you want anything in this world, you have to fight for it." Remember, what we all grow up remembering most vividly from our childhood is the emotional tone of family life. Children raised in a tense, stressful, or difficult home environment will adapt to it, because it's in their nature to adapt, but that doesn't mean that they will emerge undamaged.
And now to the question of meditation and the inner life. Meditation can add to a sense of a child's self-worth and even a sense of power, because it's an activity that belongs just to them. The childhood brain is a factor here. Where it has been shown that introducing meditation in the schools leads to behavioral improvements in older ages (middle school and later), younger ages benefit, I feel, when meditation fulfills the following criteria:
- It feels like fun.
- The child expresses enjoyment.
- Nothing is forced or turned into a chore.
- The whole family participates.
Looking back, many adults feel turned off by the religious lessons their parents tried to impart because of an air of strict morality or pressure to be good. The beauty of meditation is that everything comes from within, but "within" means different things at different ages.
Starting at age six or seven—each parent will have to play this by ear—the parents can sit down to meditate with a child, using a simple technique: Sit quietly with eyes closed and follow the breath. Don't ask the child to meditate for more than 5 to 10 minutes. Make it clear that if they stop enjoying it, they are free to get up and go play. But the parents should continue their own meditation for the usual time.
By being invited in and yet given the freedom to choose, a child will associate meditation with something they have control over. The worst lesson is to feel that meditation is a way for them to be controlled, forced to settle down and "be good." In other words, don't make meditation the equivalent of sitting in the corner or taking time out. A child who is running around or acting out needs a nap, a talking to, or some other corrective. Meditation isn't one of them.
The greatest benefit of meditation comes when a child is able to notice actual changes themselves. They feel calmer, more centered, less troubled, less tempted to act out. A parent can coax these realizations, but gently, by pointing out a positive change. But be careful not to intrude. Everyone's inner life is private, no matter how young they are. Taking note of inner changes probably won't happen consistently until age twelve or later, and the attraction of major changes probably won't happen until mid to late adolescence, at a time when discovering who they are comes naturally to teenagers.
I hope these points are useful, but the most important one became the theme of a book I wrote, The Seven Spiritual Laws of Parenting, which is this: If you want your child to lead a fulfilled and successful life, the best route is through spiritual parenting. The child learns the value of their own inner world, and as the years pass, this value increases until the realization dawns that all of existence originates "in here," at the level of the soul.
DEEPAK CHOPRA MD, FACP, founder of The Chopra Foundation and co-founder of The Chopra Center for Wellbeing, is a world-renowned pioneer in integrative medicine and personal transformation, and is Board Certified in Internal Medicine, Endocrinology and Metabolism. He is a Fellow of the American College of Physicians and a member of the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists. Chopra is the author of more than 80 books translated into over 43 languages, including numerous New York Times bestsellers. www.deepakchopra.com
Check out Let My Light Shine Bright, a new mix-and-match meditation app for kids, ages 8-12
By Deepak Chopra, MD, and Menas Kafatos, PhD
For a very long time, if you wanted to know if something is real or not, the go-to people have been scientists. The rise of rationality over superstition is considered the single greatest achievement of the past three or four centuries. So it's startling news–as we discussed in the last post–that physics has arrived at a reality crisis. Three great unsolved mysteries remain, and they are the same riddles asked by ancient Greek philosophers: What is the universe made of? Where did the universe come from? How do we know what's real?
It's fascinating to observe how working scientists approach these questions. The vast majority pay no attention to them, because a scientist's everyday work, including the work of physicists, is about collecting data, running experiments, and making calculations from known theories, and once in a while formulating new theories. The Big Questions which are left to theorists, are usually bypassed in the everyday lives of scientists. But as we discussed last time, science has to test every theory to see if it matches empirical reality. Galileo could calculate on paper that two objects, when dropped from a height, would hit the ground at the same time, despite the age-old assumption that a cannonball, being much heavier than a lead fishing weight, would hit the ground first, as Aristotle believed. To prove that his calculations were correct, Galileo offered empirical proof, and physics took a huge counter-intuitive step forward.
Most physicists are still deeply wedded to empirical proof, and because massive particle accelerators and deep-space telescopes continue to bring back better and better data, delving deeper into the fabric of Nature, there's a camp we can label "we're almost there." If you belong to this camp, you view the future as an unstoppable march to progress; the same march science has been on for centuries. There is no reason to believe that the Big Questions won't be answered as long as we're patient enough. But this confident attitude has run into three major obstacles.
- Most of the universe is sub-empirical, which means that the fundamental fields that make up the physical universe are invisible, probably infinite in expanse, and out of direct reach to experimenters. The evidence for their existence is through isolated experiments that "excite the field" into activity.
- As much as two-thirds of observable creation is conjectured to be composed of dark matter and dark energy, which are so alien to ordinary matter and energy that even to detect a particle of dark matter is a laborious enterprise, not yet successfully completed. Being far more exotic, dark energy baffles even the most sophisticated mathematical models.
- The Standard Model of the cosmos, although widely accepted, is filled with holes and unproven assumptions. Its core concepts, such as quantum field theoretical concepts, are constantly being added to and patched together. Quantum field theories like quantum electrodynamics and quantum chromodynamics are elegant and work well within their own domains. But do they truly lead to a unified view of the cosmos as proponents of the Standard Model believe?
Knowing just this much, you can see why another camp in physics is saying "We haven't even begun yet." When told that they are anti-science–a frequent slur usually made by those too afraid to "abandon ship" or too blind to notice that the ship is tilting–or that current assumptions work very well, the "We haven't even begun yet" camp points to a decades-long roadblock in unifying the four fundamental forces in Nature (gravity, electromagnetism, and the strong and weak nuclear force). A Theory of Almost Everything has been left hanging, with the Holy Grail, the Theory of Everything, perpetually out of reach. This halt dates back almost a century, when it was first realized that Einstein's General Theory of Relativity, which explains gravity, spacetime, and the behavior of large objects, is irreconcilable with quantum mechanics, which explains the other three forces and the behavior of very small objects.
Besides the three Big Questions that reinforce a belief that we haven't even begun to get at the deepest realms of Nature, there are other problems that remain up in the air, such as
–How did the initial chaos in the first instant of the Big Bang turn into orderliness?
— Why are the constants of nature so fine-tuned that the tiniest alteration in any one of them would have prohibited the universe from forming as we see it and to us not even being here to ponder these questions?
— How can we believe in popular theories like superstrings and the multiverse when there is no way to verify them and never will be, since they exist outside spacetime?
— When the so-called God particle (the Higgs boson) was discovered, it supposedly explained how particles of matter acquired mass. But how do we know this is true? How do we know what is "fundamental" in quantum field theory? Nineteenth century philosopher Ernst Mach held the view that inertial mass of nearby objects is created by the entire distribution of matter in the universe.
— When advanced concepts like supergravity and superstrings theory posit the existence of eleven dimensions or more, what does that really signify except numbers on a blackboard?
It seems that the Standard Model faces an increasing number of challenges. And we would submit that the Theory of Everything may be even more elusive than the Holy Grail. Superstring theory and the value of the cosmological constant indicate that we are still facing monumental challenges as gravity and quantum theory are still far apart. In terms of empirical evidence, if that is the ultimate test of reality, such evidence for both aspects of what the universe holds in darkness, dark matter and dark energy, such validation is still glaringly missing in the laboratory.
One camp says, "Give us more time (and money) we are almost there!" We are saying, "Look at the trends and see if things are converging or not. If they are not, maybe we need to look at the foundational issues of what we call reality with a fresh look".
So instead of saying that physics has reached a crisis, which raises some hackles, it's more objective to say that ever since the quantum revolution a century ago, matching theory and reality has become more difficult, not less difficult. The supremacy of physics was based on theory marching ahead with empirical validation to back it up. This held true for all of classical physics, then for relativity and quantum mechanics. But unless a new paradigm springs up, it may turn out that we haven't really begun to answer the Big Questions.
DEEPAK CHOPRA MD, FACP, founder of The Chopra Foundation and co-founder of The Chopra Center for Wellbeing, is a world-renowned pioneer in integrative medicine and personal transformation, and is Board Certified in Internal Medicine, Endocrinology and Metabolism. He is a Fellow of the American College of Physicians and a member of the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists.
Chopra is the author of more than 80 books translated into over 43 languages, including numerous New York Times bestsellers. TIME magazine has described Dr. Chopra as "one of the top 100 heroes and icons of the century." The World Post and The Huffington Post global internet survey ranked Dr. Chopra #40 influential thinker in the world and #1 in Medicine. www.deepakchopra.com
MENAS C. KAFATOS Ph.D., is the Fletcher Jones Endowed Professor of Computational Physics, at Chapman University. He is a quantum physicist, cosmologist, and climate change researcher and works extensively on consciousness. He holds seminars and workshops for individuals and corporations on the natural laws that apply everywhere for well-being and success. His doctoral thesis advisor was the renowned M.I.T. professor Philip Morrison who studied under J. Robert Oppenheimer. He has authored 300+ articles, is author or editor of 15 books, including "The Conscious Universe" (Springer) with Robert Nadeau, and is co-author with Deepak Chopra of the forthcoming book, "The Creative Cosmos" (Harmony). You can learn more at http://www.menaskafatos.com and follow him on Facebook: www.facebook.com/menas.kafatos Twitter:@mckafatos and LinkedIn: Menas Kafatos


text:
Marguerite Zarrillo, PhD
Science & Engineering 203B
|University Central Florida
|PhD in Civil & Environmental Engineering
|University of Illinois
|MS in Physics
|Purdue University
|BS in Physics
Research interests
- Highway Capacity
- Intelligent Transportation Systems
- Traffic Engineering
- Traffic Flow Modeling
Dr. Marguerite Zarrillo has expertise in the development and application of Intelligent Transportation Systems to surface transport. She has created Decision Support Systems (DSS) for the Florida state DOT and the Florida Turnpike Authority. She has also developed Fleet Tracking DSSs using satellite wireless technology for the NBCA, the CCAV and UMD's campus DartVan. Her hybrid micro-macrosimulation models, TPModel, TPQueue, TPCC, TNCC, and SHAKER estimate queue length and delay and have been deployed on DSSs containing logistic and reporting tools. In particular, her model, SHAKER, was applied to toll collection facilities and is used in the analysis of their impact on traffic operations. The latest model, HighSim, predicts the speed-density and volume-density plots of traffic flow on uninterrupted flow highways based on vehicle and driver characteristics.
Capacity is the maximum number of vehicles per hour that a transportation facility can possibly process. It can be measured (counted) but it can also have a theoretical basis and can be computed. When operating agencies proactively manage demand and available capacity on a facility by applying new strategies or modifying existing strategies, these facilities are called managed-lanes, http://ops.fhwa.dot.gov/freewaymgmt/managed_lanes.htm. The development of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) has expanded the available strategies for this concept. Dr. Zarrillo has been active in this area of research from its onset in the mid 1990's, with the emerging deployment of Electronic Toll Collection (ETC) and now the wider concept of Electronic Payment Systems for Transportation (EPST). ETC was one of the first ITS technologies widely deployed. Her research and her publications were not only the first to bring attention to the need for a capacity analysis methodology for ETC managed-lanes, but were the first to publish a possible capacity analysis methodology.
Her research in queuing methodologies have been recognized by TRB's international Highway Capacity & Quality of Service Committee (HC&QSC) since 1999 and she has presented papers in their sponsored TRB technical sessions. The writing of the Highway Capacity Manual (HCM) is the principal charge of TRB's HCQSC. The HCM is the official international adopted document containing accepted methods for computing the capacity of a variety of surface transportation facilities. Dr. Zarrillo is also a member of TRB's Traffic Flow Theory and Characteristics Committee.

subset: commoncrawl


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Long Description: Ite Ahi Ahi To Know the Evening, Hawaiian & Pacific Islands Music, Easter Island Music, royalty free music download, royalty free mp3 and royalty-free songs
Keywords: The Traditional South Pacific music of Easter Island, combined with the sensibilities of rock, pop, and folk. There is no source for this music in the world except for this distributor. Traditional percussion instruments, amazingly haunting vocals, and an advanced sense of songwriting team up with drum machines, electric guitars, and keyboards in an unforgettable mix of styles that resonate through the ages. Join us from the ONLY recording studio on Easter Island as we capture artists who have been performing their whole lives. You just haven't heard them yet


text: Last Thursday, Rep. Joe Barton, R-Texas, dropped a bomb of a comment that we're sure he wishes he could take back. What he said wasn't a major event; rather, it was a single comment during a day-long hearing as the House grilled BP oil chief Tony Haywood over his role in the environmental disaster. His comments were among dozens — most of which took the side of those Americans whose lives had been upended by the obscene about of oil gushing from the bottom of the Gulf each day.


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In the long history of forgotten people, few groups have been as neglected as women.
But doesn't make their lost achievements any less important, says Curator J. Michael Cobb, describing the Hampton History Museum's newest exhibit.
Though belittled by custom and law as the weaker, less influential sex, women began leaving their marks as tavern keepers and ferry operators in Hampton, a key colonial port town, not long after its founding in 1610.
They continued to shape the region into the 1800s, often through their impact at the famous Old Point Comfort resort, the sprawling military hospitals near Union-held Fort Monroe and the pioneering classrooms at Hampton Institute,...


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Space Telescope Science Institute
An international team of astronomers using the European Southern Observatory's Very Large Telescope have found the fastest spinning star ever discovered. VFTS 102 rotates at a dizzying 1 million miles per hour and is very close to the point at which it would be torn apart due to centrifugal forces. The star lies in a neighboring dwarf galaxy, the Large Magellanic Cloud, about 160,000 light-years from Earth. Astronomers think that it may have had a violent past and has been ejected from a double star system by its exploding companion. The team will use NASA's Hubble Space Telescope to make precise measurements of the star's proper motion across space.
Continue reading...


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Adjustable 4,000 Cap Aluminum Gantry Crane w/ Length/Height: 8'/8" & I-Beam Range: 5'8" to 8'2" ***
Price: $3,147.99
Spill 911 Part Number: AHA488
Manufacturer Part Number: AHA-4-8-8
Manufacturer: Vestil
Weight: 378.00 pounds
***This item qualifies for FREE Shipping***
**Standard Ground, Continental 48, Dock to Dock, No PO Box**
Extra Fees for Residential, Lift-gate, Notification, etc.
Please contact us if you have shipping questions.
Customer Ratings & Reviews
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A stickybottle, put simply, is the knackered cyclist's best friend.
As a rider is being dropped from a group, the team manager or support worker in a following car holds a bottle out the window to hand it up.
As the handover is taking place, the rider grabs the bottle tight, as does whoever is handing it up, enabling the rider get a good tow and push from momentum of the car.
It's known as a stickybottle because it appears neither the rider nor the person handing it up is able to take their hand off the bottle; it looks stuck to their hands.
But please don't try this at home. We've been slyly cheating this way all our lives; it takes a while to perfect.


text: Thank you for visiting Strapped For Time® fine quality watch bands and watch straps! We strive to make your shopping experience a positive one by providing first class customer service and watch band prices that can't be beat! Through our commitment, experience, and expertise we want to establish a relationship with our customers that will last a lifetime and see our watch straps worn on wrists all across the world.


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April 22, 2009
Los Angeles -- Clean technology enthusiasts can mark their calendars for the third annual California Clean Innovation 2009 (CACI) conference, co-hosted by UCLA Anderson School of Management on May 1, 2009 at the Price Center on the University of California, San Diego campus. The one-day event, dedicated to exploring innovations in clean technology, will showcase the latest ideas of forward-thinking companies and individuals in the business, policy and technology sectors.
Organized by students at UCLA Anderson School of Management, Caltech Center for Science & Engineering of Materials and UC San Diego's Rady School of Management, CACI 2009 will address prominent issues of clean technology through interactive panels, with topics ranging from biofuels and energy storage to transportation and new renewable energy technologies. Delivering the keynotes are Peter C. Fusaro, chairman of Global Change Associates, and Jerry Sanders, mayor of San Diego.
Also on the agenda is the Fast Pitch Business Competition, providing up-and-coming entrepreneurs and early stage clean tech companies a dynamic platform to present their concepts to a panel of venture capitalist judges. In addition, attendees can network with industry professionals and develop new partner or investor relationships at the CACI 2009 Technology and Career fair, where clean tech companies will exhibit cutting-edge developments and recruit top talent.
CACI 2009 is intended for a wide audience of industry leaders, entrepreneurs, investment professionals, policymakers, journalists, and students. For more information on the conference, including a complete list of panels and speakers, please visit: www.cacleaninnovation.com.
About UCLA Anderson School of Management
UCLA Anderson School of Management, established in 1935, is regarded among the leading business schools in the world. UCLA Anderson faculty members are renowned for their teaching excellence and research in advancing management thinking. Each year, UCLA Anderson provides management education to more than 1,700 students enrolled in MBA, Executive MBA, Fully-Employed MBA and doctoral programs, and to more than 2,000 professional managers through executive education programs. Combining highly selective admissions, varied and innovative learning programs, and a world-wide network of 36,000 alumni, UCLA Anderson develops and prepares global leaders.


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Donor Login
Give Now
My giving supports many causes, but there are three areas for which I have established Foundation funds:
The partnership with the Rhode Island Foundation has been extremely valuable to me! The staff advice and services have been A-1 from the beginning, the coverage and interests of the Foundation are aligned with mine, I needed to make a gift of stock immediately, and the investment performance is of leadership quality and generally provides for increased grants each year. To increase an annual gift is very stimulating for me and, ultimately, the recipients.
My inspirations come mainly from the chances to engage with the citizen needs and agency opportunities that abound in our 31 towns and eight cities. Some ideas come from reading and on-line sources. Many may come from combining two or three partial solutions. Stories of Rhode Island successes and opportunities are very compelling. I am confident these will increase in the future.
What a test of memory; probably healthy for this soul!
My grandmother insisted I eat the crusts of my rye bread. She would say, "Think, Herman, of what the starving children of Nazi Europe are going through!" I never quite made the connection of how my suffering would help, but I still finish all my crusts, 75 years later!
On Saturdays, sometimes my dad took me to be with his learned grandfather. Usually, the highlight was my great-grandfather presenting me with a shiny coin, such as a nickel. One Saturday, on our after lunch walk he presented me with a quarter. I couldn't keep my fingers from turning that quarter over and over deep in my pocket. On our walk, a bearded man approached with a shiny blue can, smiling at my great-grandfather, who joyously folded a bill to push through the tiny slot on top. Next, he turned to me and said "Nu, Chaim!" and I had to surrender my new shiny quarter to that huge gulping slot. Lesson learned: always cash in your gift quarters for nickels!
My first Rhode Island gift was signing up for payroll deduction for the United Way when I came to work for the RI Department of Roads and Bridges. That small initiation has steadily grown to an annual gift of six times my then annual salary!
Dan Sullivan and his wife, Kathy, established a donor advised fund at the Rhode Island Foundation in 2012. "We support many things. Our overall mission is to support children, but it does cross over into other areas...It's a broad range of organizations," Dan states.
More from Dan Sullivan
Roger Williams Park Zoo, established in the 1890s, created an endowment at the Foundation to help ensure the Zoo is around for another 250+ years. "Clearly long term planning is critical for success," explains the Zoo's Executive Director Dr. Jeremy Goodman.
More from Jeremy Goodman
Long-time educator Victoria Johnson established a scholarship fund for students at Rogers High School, her alma mater, where she held her first teaching position, and where she retired as principal. "The importance of an education was ingrained in me at an early age," she shares.
More from Victoria Johnson
John Murphy has established three funds at the Foundation: two scholarship funds and, with his wife, the John and Grace Murphy Fund for Youth. "I like to address a need and I see there's a need with poor people and education in Rhode Island," he says.
More from John Murphy
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Court notice on CJA applicants and re-applicants
The Criminal Justice Act Committee of the Eastern District of New York will accept new applicants and re-applicants through Thursday, November 1, 2012 for appointment to the Courts CJA Panel for a three year term.
An application form is available on the Courts website, www.nyed.uscourts.gov. Search for the CJA application forms under Forms and Instructions tab, then click on CJA Forms.
Applications with a cover letter may be submitted addressed to:
Clerk of Court
U.S. District Court
Eastern District of New York
225 Cadman Plaza East
Brooklyn, NY 11201
Please indicate in the cover letter whether the application is for the Brooklyn Panel, the Long Island Panel or both.
Dated: September 20, 2012


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A popular conference hosted by Hope College for educators once again reached its registration cap months before its late-June run.
The seventh annual "Midwest Brain and Learning Institute" will convene at the Haworth Inn and Conference Center at Hope on Monday-Friday, June 25-29. Co-sponsored by Hope and the Ottawa Area Intermediate School District, the institute had reached its 125-participant limit by March 9.
The institute is intended for educators who work with students of all age levels, including pre-school teachers, K-12 educators and college professors. The event is organized particularly with educators from West Michigan in mind but regularly draws attendees from throughout the state and beyond.
This year's institute will focus on "Diverse Brains, Diverse Learners." Monday will focus on system change in education, Tuesday on neuroscience research, Wednesday on creating optimal learners and Thursday on implications for classroom practice, with Friday providing more guidance on "Taking the Institute Home."
The program's format itself has been designed in light of the research and emphasizes the guiding principle that learners must be actively involved. The institute's settings have been varied to include whole-group presentations, question-and-answer panels, small-group learning clubs and opportunities for informal discussion. The size cap itself is in keeping with the organizers' goal of enabling all of the participants to be actively engaged.
Eric Jensen, a consultant, published author and former teacher, on Monday will provide an update on recent neuroscience findings and their implications for how educators must view the schools and the learning process in more depth with "Seven Revolutionary Discoveries from Brain Research." Jensen, co-owner of Jensen Learning Corporation, has taught at every level of schooling, including three universities, and has extensive experience in staff development. His publications include 25 books, including "Teaching with the Brain in Mind" (2005) and "Enriching the Brain: How to Maximize Every Learner's Potential" (2006).
Dr. Edward (Ned) Hallowell will present Tuesday's session, focusing on the good news about ADD, and the exceptionalities and special gifts that children with ADD possess, with "Unwrapping the Gifts of the Mind." He is a child and adult psychiatrist and founder of The Hallowell Center for Cognitive and Emotional Health, located in Sudbury, Mass., and taught at Harvard Medical School from 1983 to 2004. He is considered one of the foremost experts on ADD, and co-author, with Dr. John Ratey, of the books "Driven to Distraction," "Answers to Distraction" and "Delivered from Distraction."
Willy Wood on Wednesday will discuss "Helping Diverse Learners Succeed." Wood is president of Open Mind Technologies Inc., an educational consulting firm. He taught high school- and university-level English classes for 14 years, and then served as the communication arts consultant for the Missouri Department of Elementary and Secondary Education (DESE) for five years before becoming a full-time educational consultant and presenter in 2000.
On Thursday, Dr. Harvey Silver will present at the institute for a second year. He and his colleagues have spent many years integrating neuroscience findings with multiple-intelligences theory and learning styles models into "Making Students as Important as Standards." Silver has been a teacher and administrator at the elementary, secondary and graduate levels, and has served as a consultant and trainer for numerous state departments of education, schools and districts, and corporations and other organizations. His numerous books for educators include "Learning Styles and Strategies," "Teaching Styles and Strategies," and "So Each May Learn: Integrating Learning Styles and Multiple Intelligences."
The institute will conclude Friday morning with a session led by the institute's staff to help the participants determine ways that they can integrate the program's information into their own practice as educators.


text: Goretti is not just an individual expression of personality, but also a statement of quality "Made in Holland". Because our furniture is manufactured exclusively by our craftsmen in our own furniture factory in the Netherlands, much care is thereby given to sustainability. We believe it is important to create timelessly beautiful shapes, with great attention to detail and thereby providing you an inspiring home. Trendy models disappear, but the timeless collection of Goretti with high quality finishes remains.


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Four themes running through the BCBS 239 principles
By Waynette Tubbs, Risk & Fraud Insights Editor
For large global banks, adherence to the Basel Committee's principles offers clear benefits, but implementation can present major technology and governance challenges. Originally released for comment in June 2012, the 14 principles of BCBS 239 cover a lot of ground, addressing areas ranging from IT infrastructure and governance arrangements, to the way that risk management departments generate ad hoc reports.
Donna Howe, Professor of Finance at the Brandies International Business School, and Renzo Traversini, Director of SAS' EMEA Risk Management Center of Excellence, spoke on the subject at a webinar last year. When they studied the principles, they found four themes that may help you more successfully tackle compliance.
Let's break it down:
Completeness. Banks should be able to capture and aggregate all of the material risk data across business lines and be able to measure and monitor the comprehensiveness of that data. But the aggregate view may not surface the nuances in the data. Banks may need to restructure their reporting so that the top-level view is tied to the more granular levels.
... we need to start thinking about current and forward-looking risk management curve.
Donna Howe
Professor of Finance, Brandies International Business School
A comprehensive view of risk should take into account your exposure today and down the road as well. "Just as we have a yield curve or forward curves, we need to start thinking about current and forward-looking risk management curves," says Howe.
Timeliness. In 2008 and 2009, it usually took about a month to produce and manually adjust a bank's monthly risk-weighted asset (RWA) estimates. For quarterly reports it took even longer. Timeliness is critical to preventing another financial crisis, but the delivery of real-time data may not enhance the decision-making process, if that data isn't being converted into actionable information.
Accuracy. Most big banks still struggle with data quality issues, Traversini points out. What's more, large global banks often are the product of complex mergers, something that involves its own set of technology challenges. In Deloitte's 2013 global risk management survey, only 31 percent of respondents said that their data quality efforts were effective and only 20 percent were confident in their data management and maintenance efforts. Their advice? Automation.
Adaptability. "We need adaptable data to get us adaptable information so we can make the best possible decisions," says Howe. But producing ad hoc reports can be a difficult and time consuming task – dependent on how different the request is from a currently available report. Instead of granting every request - and to reduce resource expenditure - focus on enhancing the standard reports.
Think of BCBS 239 as a roadmap. Following that roadmap, will require an investment in your IT architecture – a great opportunity to modernize systems, procedures and approaches to risk data. "It gives people a way to take principles and actually turn them into deliverables," says Howe.
To get more information about the four themes, read Basel, the big picture: Tackling risk aggregation and reporting.
Read More
- To get more information about the four themes, read Basel, the big picture: Tackling risk aggregation and reporting.
- Compare your bank's stress testing maturity against your peers. In just five minutes, you can compare your responses to those of more than 100 senior risk and finance executives within both European and North American banks.


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Jobseekers Allowance (JSA)
Jobseekers-Allowance.com provides helpful & convenient information regarding unemployment benefits within the United Kingdom (UK).
Jobseekers allowance is the main benefit you will receive if you are out of work. JSA benefit is taxable.
There are two types of Jobseekers allowance that can be claimed.
Contribution based Jobseekers Allowance
If you have paid enough National Insurance contributions in the last 2 years you could be entitled to Contribution based Jobseekers benefit. Contribution based Jobseekers Allowance is usually paid for up to 182 days.
Self employment contributions will not normally allow you to be entitled to contribution based Jobseekers Allowance.
Income based Jobseekers Allowance
If you have savings of more that £16,000 savings, you usually wont be able to get Income based Jobseekers Allowance.
If you have savings of over £6,000, for every £250 your claim for Jobseekers benefit will reduce by £1 per week.
Please click on one of the following links for more detailed information on this benefit:
You maybe able to obtain this information independently & directly by visiting your local Jobcentre plus office, which are located throughout the UK.
Alternatively, you can get answer to your questions directly by calling the Job Centre Plus Office on .


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Consumer Protection
South Carolina Department of Consumer Affairs
The South Carolina Department of Consumer Affairs offers consumer education programs that cover a wide range of topics including: identity theft, mortgage issues, credit report issues and miscellaneous information on avoiding scams and various frauds. Contact the South Carolina Department of Consumer Affairs consumer education programs at (803) 734-4214 or http://www.scconsumer.gov/consumer_education.htm
Federal Trade Commission
The Federal Trade Commission (FTC) works under federal laws to protect and educate consumers. The FTC offers information on many topics including automobiles, credit and loans, and investments and business opportunities. The following link to the FTCs Website contains many free publications to help alert consumers on how to avoid frauds and scams


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On January 31 – February 2, MedShare is the featured Groupon for Good campaign in the Atlanta and Athens markets. Donate $10 – which will be matched by MedShare – to send much needed medical supplies to Nepal. The link is: http://www.groupon.com/deals/gt-medshare-1.
G-Team is Groupon's main philanthropic program designed to help their subscribers discover local causes in their own neighborhoods. In the same way that Groupon deals make it easier for people to discover their cities, G-Team campaigns make it easier for individuals to come together with others to do good, have fun, and make a real impact.
Click through to donate:
MedShare's reason for participation is two-fold: we will be raising money to help sponsor a container of medical supplies and equipment to Nepal, and we'll also be raising awareness of MedShare and our mission in Atlanta by utilizing Groupon's huge subscriber base.
We encourage you to share the link with your friends and family via email, Facebook and Twitter. We need 50 people to buy into this deal @ $10 for MedShare to receive the donations. It will be live through Thursday, February 2nd.
Let's see if we can make this the most successful Groupon charity campaign ever!


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Know more about this business than we do? Cool! Please submit any corrections or missing details you may have.Help us make it right
Be the first NOLA.com user to add photos or videos of Plumbing Solutions LLC
Saw one of these trucks hauling #$%$ through my neighborhood at 7:20 in the evening with a small child in the front seat with no seatbelt. They won t get MY business.
Plumbing Solutions, Llc was founded in 2009. Plumbing Solutions, Llc specializes in Plumbing Contractors.
Plumbing Solutions LLC is located at 3105 S Darla Ave, Gonzales, LA. This business specializes in Plumbing.


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California State Sen. Ben Hueso was arrested in Sacramento Thursday on suspicion of driving under the influence, authorities say.
Hueso, a Democrat from San Diego, holds the 40th Senate District seat.
The 44-year-old lawmaker was allegedly driving the wrong way on a one-way street near the state Capitol building, KCRA reports. Newly released surveillance video from a Sacramento gas station (shown above) catches a CHP officer pulling Hueso over and conducting sobriety tests on him.
CHP officers arrested Hueso at 2:39 a.m. He was then booked into the Sacramento County jail at 3:42 a.m.
Just before noon Friday, Hueso was released from police custody after posting bail of nearly $1,500. He walked up and down the sidewalk outside the county jail holding paperwork and not saying much about the arrest.
"I think I have the right to pursue my innocence and that's what I'm going to do," Hueso said.
Hueso told reporters he would not comment further until the process was over. He then climbed into the front passenger seat of a black SUV with tinted windows and drove away.
Around 12:20 p.m., the following statement was issued from Hueso's office via email:
"I am truly and profoundly sorry for the unacceptably poor personal judgment which I demonstrated last night. As someone who cares deeply about the public safety, I sincerely apologize to my family, my constituents and my colleagues in the Senate for breaching the trust they've all placed in me. I accept complete personal responsibility for my actions and any punishments that ultimately come my way as a result of this incident. I will also engage in immediate, corrective actions to ensure this kind of personal conduct is never repeated."
Hueso was among the guests at a dinner hosted Thursday night by the Latino Legislative Caucus at a restaurant in downtown Sacramento, held to recognize members who are being termed out or leaving for other offices, but the dinner ended about 9 p.m., said Roger Salazar, a spokesman for the caucus told the Associated Press.
The Sacramento Bee published a photo showing Hueso and other members of the state's Latino Caucus drinking on a balcony at the state capitol.
The image that the newspaper reports was posted to Twitter by Assem. Lorena Gonzalez (D-San Diego) at 11:21 p.m. Thursday has since been deleted.
A spokesperson for Gonzalez told NBC 7 she has no comment on the picture or on Hueso's arrest. When pushed, the spokesperson told our reporter to get back to real issues, like getting sick days for working people.
Senate President Pro Tem Darrell Steinberg said he was dismayed by the arrest.
"It's a lapse of personal judgment, and I'm only glad that no one was hurt," Steinberg said.
He said it was too early to say whether Hueso would face discipline from the Senate.
"Driving under the influence is not only against the law, it puts people in serious danger, and that's not acceptable," Steinberg said.
Hueso represents Chula Vista, National City, Imperial Beach, Coronado, a portion of the City of San Diego, Imperial County and the southern part of Riverside.
His constitutents expressed surprise and disappointment about the news.
"It's almost expected from our politicians. It happens a little too often," said San Diego County resident Kristine Toves said.
Constituent Mary Ann Daluz said lawmakers are role models. "They represent our city and they should know better," she said.
"We're all human, we do mistakes, but he's somebody up in the ranks," Chula Vista resident Eddie Garcia said. "He could've thought about it twice."
Hueso is the fourth Democratic state senator to be entangled in legal trouble. Three others, who were charged in unrelated cases, have been suspended with pay from the Senate.
Sen. Rod Wright of Inglewood was convicted for lying about living in his district, while Sens. Ron Calderon of Montebello and Leland Yee of San Francisco are fighting unrelated federal corruption charges.
Before serving in the State Senate, Hueso held the 80th District seat in the California Assembly from 2010 to 2013.
He also served on on the San Diego City Council from 2006 to 2010 and as Council President from 2008 to 2010.


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Pathways to the Profession of Law™
In what area of law do you want to practice? How do you obtain the necessary law school skills to enhance your ability to practice in that area after graduation? What courses should you select each semester? How do you create the right mix of courses for gaining legal expertise and knowledge, developing skills, exploring areas of legal practice, and preparing for the bar examination? These are questions that New England Law | Boston intends to help you answer with Pathways to the Profession of Law ("Pathways").
Pathways is an online program that assists students in exploring various areas of legal practice and in selecting courses that will enhance their ability to gain the skills and expertise needed to practice in that area. Thus, each pathway provides information about the practice of law and helps students make informed decisions regarding course selection and registration. A few pathways are aimed more at developing particular skills, and one pathway is aimed at giving advice regarding preparation for the bar examination.
Pathways was developed by our sister school in the Consortium for Innovative Legal Education—Mitchell Hamline School of Law—and has been adapted for use at New England Law with Mitchell Hamline's permission. Each pathway has an opening introduction that describes the area of legal practice, an actual pathway that suggests the courses and appropriate sequencing for that area of law, and a resources page that suggests additional activities, blogs, organizations, and other information related to that area of law. Each pathway also includes a list of faculty who teach in that specific area of law, and their contact information.
At the bottom of each pathway page, there is a link to sample schedules for both full- and part-time students, which you may use in designing your own schedule of courses at New England Law. Some pathways may include a sample schedule that suggests what courses you might take in each semester.
Tell us what you think! Send us feedback.


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The Apple iPhone 5 has finally been confirmed and T3 was there to get a first look at the Cupertino brand's new slimline smartphone.
As well as being Apple's skinniest phone yet, the new iPhone 5 also sports 4G LTE connectivity, and a slightly longer screen with a 1136 x 640-pixel resolution, while the new A6 chip is twice as fast as previous versions. The new phone also features a new, smaller connector, improved battery life and a new iSight camera.
Does Apple's new handset bring enough to the table to take on rivals such as the Samsung Galaxy S3, HTC One X and Nokia Lumia 920? We went hands-on to find out…
iPhone 5: Build
In the hand, the 112g iPhone 5 unquestionably feels lighter and thinner. The 7.6mm depth is impressive, considering that this smartphone is much more powerful than the iPhone 4S. However, while the aluminium/glass construction is gorgeous to look at, the reduction in weight also makes it feel less industrial and less sturdy.
We'd take a lighter phone adorning our pocket any day, though. A nano-SIM on the side replaces the old-style mini-SIM, which forms part of the reduction in size, while the new Lightening connector replaces the 30-pin model, again, helping to shave off precious millimetres. A final note on size – it's 9mm taller than the iPhone 4S but the same width.
The headphone socket is now on the bottom – we'll have to see how this works in the wild. The two-tone back on both black and white models give it a premium feeland Apple tells us the back is crafted from the same anodised 6000 series aluminium material used in Apple MacBooks.
iPhone 5: Features
Standout features that we've had a play with lie within the make-up of iOS 6. Maps has been rebuilt from the ground up and now looks sharper, quicker and has some flashy features such as the cool 3D Flyover that allows you to zoom right into satellite imagery and rotate around landmarks as if you're playing God.
It also includes turn-by-turn navigation that will have the likes of TomTom and Garmin reaching for the booze cabinet.
Siri has also had an upgrade, now boasting the ability to launch apps and post Facebook entries by voice. Both were 50/50 successful in our limited hands-on time, so watch this space for an extended review.
One of the biggest feature upgrades is with the camera. It's now branded iSight and, while offering the same 8mp lens, now has improved HDR and PhotoStream sharing.
Video recording remains at 1080p, while the front-cam is markedly better – 720p FaceTime being the standout feature. The headline newbie, however, is the panoramic mode that will stitch together a landscape shot in real-time and create an image up to 28mp in size.
We tried this out in a packed press conference and while the results were unsurprisingly dull, due to the dim lighting, the technology itself was impressive – telling us to slow down if we panned too fast and then outputting the jumbo image in a few seconds.
Apple has thankfully upgraded its old earphones to the new EarPods, which are a huge step up in design and do sound better. But then most things did…
iPhone 5: Screen
The most significant hardware change in our book is the screen. The Retina display is now upped to four inches and brags a 1136×640-pixel resolution at 326 ppi.
Real-estate is noticeably bigger, with a extra line of apps added to each screen and movies now playing in 16:9 without letter-boxing. It also means that there's simply more to look at when browsing websites, playing games and using apps.
Apple says apps built for the old screen will work just fine but it will allow developers to create new apps specifically for this screen. It didn't seem brighter in our short hands-on, but we were smitten with how much more information is now available to look at.
iPhone 5: Performance
The new A6 chip has affected how fast the iPhone operates. We were pinging around apps more fluidly than our iPhone 4S and video also looked smoother.
Throughout our demo we were connected to wi-fi – which now supports all standards under the sun – but we're really looking forward to seeing how it flies on EE's new LTE 4G network when it (hopefully) launches this year. HSPA, HSPA+ and DC-HSDPA are also supported and it will come in 16, 32 and 64GB models.
iPhone 5: Battery
Apple has quoted 8 hours 3G browsing time, 8 hours talk time, 10 hours video playback, which all sounds pretty reasonable but We'll have to put that to the test when we get a proper review sample in at T3 Towers.
Here's some more articles you might like:
- Apple iPhone 5: 10 things you need to know
- Apple iPhone 5 vs Samsung Galaxy S3: Specs showdown
- New Apple iPod Touch 2012: Everything you need to know
- Introducing Apple iOS 6: Everything you need to know
- Eight Apple Products Rumored For This Year
While there will be cries that the iPhone 5 is 'just a longer iPhone', it remains a significant hardware change for the phone that hasn't really had a good going over for a couple of years. Apple has worked wonders to reduce the overall size and weight while upping the power.
It comes with a raft of cool new features (mostly via iOS6), but fans of Samsung and HTC smartphones will cry that many of the features are already available on their devices. Regardless, it's a significant update for an already super smartphone. We can't wait to dig deeper into its prowess. Watch this space.
iPhone 5 availability: 8am, 21 September 2012 (pre-order from 14 September)
iPhone 5 price: £529 (network pricing TBC)
Full expert review coming soon!
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In Sunday's Daily Press we rounded up many of the area's regular, weekly free concert events. The scope of story didn't include the wealth of military concerts that take place on the Peninsula through the summer months.
Thanks to the region's concentration of armed forces, Hampton Roads is blessed with an abundance of professional musical talent. Once the warm weather gets here for good, that talent will fly its colors each week -- for free.
In June, a pair of dueling, Thursday-night events will crank up, one at Fort Eustis, another at Fort Monroe.
The Eustis series, "Music Under the Stars" was previously held at Fort Monroe....


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There seems to be a lot of confusion about the Bechdel test. Many people think the goal is to pass the test, but actually, that's not it at all.
For those who don't know, the "test" comes from a comic in which one character cleverly gets out of going to the movies with another by saying she will only go to a movie that contains two named female characters having a conversation with each other about something other than men. That rules out every movie available because, well – think about all the movies you can think of. These scenes are stunningly rare.
Make this observation in the context of discussions on how women are represented in the media, and you often get a response like: "Oh, so I'm supposed to shoehorn this stupid scene into my story so the PC police will get off my back?" But that's a thought process short-circuited. How on earth would inserting a scene as potentially dull as the one described in the comic make a movie less sexist?
The point of the Bechdel test is something else entirely. Upon realizing how rare these scenes are, the average person is stunned enough to wonder precisely why these scenes are so rare?
Answer: because so few movies and TV shows include multiple, developed, relevant women characters who have any part in advancing the story. Imagine how hard it would be to avoid a scene in which two named men chat about something other than women. Why do you suppose that is? Because virtually every movie and TV show contains multiple, developed, relevant male characters who have some part in advancing the story. See?
Female characters are traditionally peripheral to male ones. That's why we don't want to hear them chatting about anything other than the male characters: because in making them peripheral, the writer has assured the women can't possibly contribute to the story unless they're telling us something about the men who drive the plot. That is the problem the test is highlighting. And that's why shoehorning an awkward scene in which two named female characters discuss the price of tea in South Africa while the male characters are off saving the world will only hang a lantern on how powerfully you've sidelined your female characters for no reason other than sexism, conscious or otherwise.
It's not that the audience doesn't want to hear what "women" characters have to say, as one film pro told me (see above-linked article). It's that we don't want to hear what's said by irrelevant, underdeveloped characters who have nothing to do with the plot. If this was the only role 99.9% of male characters were allowed in film, we might get the idea that male characters never say anything relevant, and should therefore just shut up and look hot.
This, by the way, is why I retain a warm spot in my heart for Xena, despite its flaws: it rarely passed the reverse Bechdel test, thus proving men are not remotely essential for exciting, action-packed stories. Like Xena, Buffy the Vampire Slayer featured women doing exciting things. Neither show could've avoided passing the Bechdel test regularly if they'd wanted to: the plots, which relied on women characters, would've stalled out in the first act.
Whether or not your story includes the Bechdel scene says absolutely nothing about whether it's sexist or not. The measure of sexism is whether your story denies women the opportunity to participate in it.


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The casino circuit gig is usually a sad dumping ground for musicians on the last leg of a career; the vestiges of a long-gone music industry, before the Internet ruined everything. Those shows allow them to hang on just a bit longer to whatever amount of money their fame and name recognition can still get.
This Saturday, Sandia Casino will host Barry Manilow. Instead of clinging, Barry still rides the crest of his prowess and fame. His accomplishments are many and varied, even compared to some of the top creative artists in the music world. He retains standing gigs at Vegas hotels. He doesn't really need this. You should be thankful.
Barry Manilow has produced some of the softest music known to man. His songs let us forget about our cruel, mechanistic world and envelop listeners in an aural blanket of explorations into the myriad facets of love. This could rightfully be called escapist. It focuses our gaze close to our hearts. A Manilow song is not like life—it's akin to looking through a picture album and getting idealized, framed views of what life used to be like.
Go ahead and put your head on Barry's chest; it's all right. There's a glossy and hazy sheen to his music. A triumph for him is holding hands with the woman he loves. This tenderness is not winning any wars, but it might prevent them. Manilow's love is the one-on-one, Disney variety. Sex, if ever alluded to, is not the focus, though it is surely an impetus. While the prelude to sex or its aftermath deserves a catalog of songs, the dirty, beautiful act itself is behind a curtain of sentimentality.
Manilow's popularity is the exclusive provenance of older people. It's the sort of music you listen to when you want things to be comfortable and easy. "We Still Have Time" resonates with people that don't really have a lot of time but would like to think so. Kids have no idea life goes so fast. The rest of us like to pretend it doesn't. Manilow isn't looking forward or pushing us forward. He's talking us down instead of picking us up.
Manilow seeks to give his listeners the musical equivalent of a muscle relaxant, and he's good at it. Life's complexities melt away as he croons. Let Barry put his arm over your shoulder. He's here to give without taking, save for a few Emmys, a Grammy and some American Music Awards.


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Report on Institutional Research Grants of the American Cancer Society, Volume 1
The Society, 1951 - Cancer
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Peaceful COROICO is one of the most beautiful spots in the Yungas, perched on a steep mountain with panoramic views across the Andean foothills to the icy peaks of the Cordillera Real. Founded in the colonial era as a gold-mining outpost, the town is still an important market centre for the surrounding agricultural communities. At an altitude of 1760m, it enjoys a warm, pleasantly humid climate. While travellers might not need the same amount of time in Coroico they once did just to recover from reaching the town in the first place – whether making the journey down from the Altiplano by micro, following the old route by mountain bike or trekking the Choro Trail – Coroico is still worth visiting just for the sheer thrill of getting there. It also makes a great stopover if you're attempting the tough overland journey between La Paz and the Amazon lowlands.
Most visitors spend much of their time in Coroico lounging by a swimming pool and enjoying the fantastic views, but there are some pleasant walks through the surrounding countryside, plus increasing numbers of adventure pursuits. Coroico gets very busy at weekends and during Bolivian public holidays, when it's transformed by large numbers of Paceños on vacation; if you want to relax in peace, visit during the week. The mosquitoes here can be ferocious, so cover up and bring plenty of repellent.
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One of my favorite hikes around the area is located at Shaupeneak Ridge in the town of Esopus, an amazing park kept by Scenic Hudson. The tour you see below is the park's easy blue trail, a 1.18-mile trek around the pond.
The Street View map below constitutes more than 30 360-degree images from May 14, all connected, so that you can 'walk' around the pond.
The park has other trails, which vary in length and difficulty.
It works very nicely on desktop and mobile. But I'd suggest using the Google StreetView app, because it works in virtual reality, and it's pretty neat. In the StreetView app, search for 'Shaupeneak Ridge' and click on any image by 'Daily Freeman.' Click on the viewer icon and place your phone in your Google Cardboard viewer or any others, and simply press the viewer button to go to the next image.
Put on your favorite Spotify track while you're at it.


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Closed body t-toggle turnbuckle featuring a 316 stainless steel body, toggle jaw, stud and locking nuts. The rigging stud has a wrench flat for easy adjustment. Requires machine swaging.316 Stainless SteelWire Size: 3/32" (2.4mm)Length Closed: 6-1/2" (16.5cm)Length Open: 8-3/4" (22.2cm)Jaw Width: 1/4" (6mm)Pin Size: 3/16" (5mm) - Pin IncludedThread Size: 10-32Weight: 2.4 oz (68g) - -
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A simple and delicious way to prepare and serve up winter vegetables. This is a suggested combination of winter vegetables, but any mix of root vegetables and onions that you choose will work out just as nicely.
|Oven-Roasted Winter Vegetables
|Recipe by Lisa Turner
Published on March 29, 2007
Winter vegetables tossed in herb and garlic olive oil and roasted until browned, tender and fragrant
Print this recipe


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I have a fun announcement for you today. I am excited to now be a part of the Cooking Light Blogger's Connection! I have always been a big fan of their magazine, so it was a huge honor when they asked me to be a part of this group. You can click on the little badge to your right, and it will take you to their page with a little blurb about me (don't mind the unflattering picture), and you can see the other bloggers who are in this group. Seriously, not sure how they found me, when you look at who else is in the group, but I will take it 🙂
So, what does this means to you? Not a whole lot. I share Cooking Light recipes fairly frequently anyway, but now you will get at least 2 a month. The first one is this Artichoke Dip. We made this for New Year's Day, along with a few other appetizers for watching all of the bowl games. And by all, I really do mean all that were on that day. My husband, 7 year old, and Dad are all huge football fans, it doesn't really matter who is playing. My mom and I were lucky to have escaped for a little while to go shopping.
This dip is a warm dip that is great with crackers, but veggies would also be great to pair it with. My husband actually made this dip. It was my birthday, and he was nice enough to help out as much as he could. He mixed everything together, in under 10 minutes, at about 8:00 am. We put it in the fridge, and then just warmed it in the oven when it was time to serve. It was creamy, and a great guilt free snack to have. This would be a perfect one to have for the Super Bowl!
- 2 cloves garlic
- 1 green onion , chopped
- 1/3 cup Parmesan cheese
- 1/3 cup light mayonnaise
- 1/4 cup reduced fat cream cheese
- 1 Tbls fresh lemon juice
- 1/4 tsp crushed red pepper
- 12 oz artichoke hearts
- Preheat oven to 400 degrees. Coat a 3 cup baking dish (I used a loaf pan) with cooking spray. Set aside.
- Add the garlic and green onions to a food processor. Process until garlic is chopped. Add the Parmesan cheese, mayo, cream cheese, lemon juice, and red pepper. Process until it is almost smooth. Add artichoke hearts, and process until they are roughly chopped. Pour mixture into your baking dish. Bake for 15 minutes.
Adapted from Cooking Light
Erin S
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text: As hip-hop remains a staple in our society, we continue to appreciate the artists behind this broad genre of music. While Biggie and Tupac represent the best of hip-hop excellence from both coasts, we also remember these two as humans beings, just like the rest of us. With that comes personality, charm, and, of course, a good sense-of-humor. Today, with the ever-changing nuances of technology and the Internet, rappers can express themselves and their senses of humor in ways far beyond that their music. Whether it's a GIF, a tweet, a meme, a Snapchat — there's never a bad time to insert comedy into any given situation. When it comes to music videos, Lil Dicky sets the bar high with "$ave Dat Money," which clocks in at over 84 million views and counting. Aside from his undeniable talent behind the mic, LD effortlessly reveals a career in comedy is at his fingertips.


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There are in the 4th tier.... but what did she have to say?
Interesting... NIU is usually brushed aside as a 4th tier toilet and now I hear that it places well in the third largest city in America. Does anyone else think this obsession with the US News ranking might be unhealthy and meaningless?


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Workplace Issues
Pregnancy Issues in Law Enforcement
One of the most frequent questions we receive at the National Center for Women & Policing is from women officers who are pregnant and trying to find out what other agencies are doing on issues of pregnant officers. As law enforcement agencies increase their numbers of women employees, they are bound to face this issue. "Recruiting & Retaining Women: A Self-Assessment Guide for Law Enforcement" written by the National Center for Women & Policing provides information and resources to address this issue. Insert hotlink here. The guide includes contact information and model policies. The following excerpts are taken from the guide:
Legal Issues
Comprehensive Policies
Because law enforcement agencies usually have health insurance and disability insurance rules, there is no agency that we have found so far that has a specific pregnancy policy. If you know of one that does, please let us know!
Sites with Further Information
What you can do if you've been discriminated against >>
Workplace Issues | Recognizing
Harrassment | What You Can Do