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The purpose of copyright, as enshrined in the Constitution, is "to promote the progress of science and useful arts" - in other words, to encourage intellectual activity. Protecting intellectual property helps to do that. But so does the free flow of information, especially in an academic setting. Therefore, copyright law attempts to balance these two public goods by "securing for limited times to authors and inventors exclusive right to their respective writings and discoveries" while at the same time granting limited rights to the academic community to copy material for the purpose of teaching, scholarship, or research under the principle known as "fair use."
Copyright law does not set precise limits for what can and cannot be copied or scanned. Instead, it provides a framework for trying to determine whether or not a particular use is fair. The Copyright Act of 1976 gives four factors to be considered in determining whether or not use in a particular case is fair:
For each of the four factors, there are characteristics which tip the scale toward or away from a finding of fair use. Those are described below. When a particular instance of copying or scanning meets the criteria for fair use, you may do so without seeking copyright permission. In cases where a particular use may not clearly meet all four of the criteria, then each must be weighed to determine whether or not the use is in balance fair or not. If in balance the use does not meet the criteria, then you must obtain Copyright Permission in order to reproduce it. (And, of course, the same goes for cases in which a use is clearly not fair use!)
If you are making copies or scanning documents for use by students in your classes, that makes it more likely to be fair use. Just because we are a nonprofit educational institution, however, does not mean that all of our uses are nonprofit educational uses. The use of copyrighted material for entertainment purposes, or for promotion or marketing of paid events, or as part of any item that will be sold for profit, make it less likely to be fair use. There are also neutral circumstances in this category - copies to be used by academic committees, or to be used by students in extracurricular organizations that have an academic component. Just remember that different standards apply depending on the purpose of the use.
Use of primarily factual material is more likely to be fair use. This includes scholarly and journalistic writing, biography, documentary photographs, charts, graphs, tables, etc. Use of primarily creative material is less likely to be fair use - fiction, drama, poetry, artistic works, etc. There are also neutral cases - essays, opinion and editorial writing, and illustrations - which have no net effect on the balance.
Why is use of scholarly works more likely to be fair use? Scholarly works are intended to be used for educational purposes; this is implicit in their creation. Scholarly works, like journalistic works, are also intended to be representational of the real world, and reality is a shared commodity. This certainly doesn't imply that scholarly writing isn't creative work, but it is creative work rooted in facts, and facts can't be copyrighted. A short story or poem, however, is entirely created by the author, who is thus more completely the owner of that creation.
The law does not set concrete guidelines for the amount that can be reproduced, but the less of a copyrighted work you copy or scan, the more likely it is to be fair use. If you were to copy half a book it would certainly not be fair use as it would have been reasonable to require students to purchase the book for class.
Academics and publishers have been arguing for 40 years about how much is too much. Publishers have been pressing for shorter limits - a maximum of 2500 words, and less under most circumstances. Academics have been arguing for longer limits - one article or chapter, or up to 10% of content.
Given this difference of opinion, it would be reasonable to consider the publishers' limits (2500 words or less) as favoring fair use, and the academics' limits (1 article or chapter, or up to 10% of total content) as the neutral case. The limits promulgated by publishers are thus given below under "More Fair." More than one article, chapter, short story, etc., or more than 10% of the content of a book or journal issue can be regarded as making a use less likely to be fair. Even the most zealous proponents of fair use would agree that copying more than 50% of a book or journal issue is never appropriate.
The best practice is to reproduce as little of a work as is necessary for the intended educational purpose. The less you copy, the more you respect copyright.
The basic question is whether or not your making a copy is depriving the copyright holder of legitimate income (hence disincentivizing intellectual activity - remember the purpose of copyright.) So you have to ask yourself - is my copying a substitute for purchase of an original? Am I depriving someone of a sale? In the example above of copying half a book, the answer is obviously yes - having every student in the class purchase a copy would have been a reasonable alternative. However, giving out copies of scholarly articles is different - having every student start a subscription to every journal you use would not be a reasonable alternative.
But there are always exceptions. If you were to require your students to read every article in a special issue of some periodical, it would be reasonable to require them to buy that issue. If your students have to read ten different short stories, then it would be reasonable to require them to buy an anthology containing those stories if one exists.
Another aspect of this factor is whether or not the library has purchased a copy or access to the work you want to reproduce. Why does this matter? Because by definition the library buys resources for academic use by the whole Saint Michael's community. (In fact, the library's subscriptions to journals frequently cost more than individual subscriptions, and the library buys more expensive editions of books.) While this does not mean that library materials can be copied without restrictions, the fact that the library has paid for use of a book or journal does allow broader use of these than of items owned by an individual faculty member. If you want to copy or scan something, check to see if the library has it, and if not, contact your library liaison or the collection development librarian to see about buying it.
Fair Use is determined by weighing the balance of these four factors. If a potential use falls under "More Fair" on all four factors, it is almost certainly fair use. However, if it falls under "Neutral" or "Less Fair" on a majority of factors it is almost certainly not fair use, and you must request Copyright Permission in order to use it.
Return to Copyright Resources


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The Cottonwood Valley League All-Stars won the Cal Ripken baseball District 4 12-and-younger tournament July 7 in Lyons and placed second in the state tournament Monday in Wellington. As state runners-up, they will compete in the Midwest region for a chance to go to the Cal Ripken World Series in Maryland. Team members are, front row (from left): Arlen Sigel, Joseph Knoll, Avery Unruh, Brooks Gardner, Jarred Rahe, Justin Kohlman, Evann Heidebrecht, and Caleb Potucek. Back row: coach Clint Potucek, coach Ryan Kleiner, Wesley Shaw, Hunter Griffin, Kaden Kleiner, Hunter Groh, Jorge Hanschu, and head coach Jayson Hanschu.
12-and-under team qualifies for regional
Cottonwood Valley League All-Stars in the 12-and-younger division have qualified for the Cal Ripken baseball Midwest regional by finishing as state runner-up.
The Hillsboro 12-and-younger team won the league with an undefeated record, then added two players from Marion and three from Chase County to form an all-star team for the postseason. The all-stars won district tournament in Lyons and advanced to the state tournament in Wellington.
The all-stars defeated Derby and Stevens County in pool play before losing to Liberal in the championship bracket. The team defeated Stevens County again in a rain-delayed game that didn't end until 1:30 a.m. Monday.
They matched up again with Liberal at 9:30 a.m. Monday, needing to defeat Liberal twice for the state championship. Liberal got out to a 10-4 lead before another rain delay struck. With more rain in the forecast, organizers called the game and awarded Liberal the championship, making the all-stars runners-up.
Three players from the team were selected for the all-state team: pitcher, shortstop, and catcher Jorge Hanschu, catcher Evann Heidebrecth, and pitcher Kaden Kleiner.
The all-stars will compete in an eight-team Midwest regional July 26 to 30 in Alliance, Neb. Competition will include teams from Colorado, Missouri, and Nebraska. The winner will advance to the Cal Ripken World Series in August in Maryland.

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NEW ORLEANS --- The Lees-McRae College women's track and field team has been recognized as one of 92 NCAA Division II all-Academic Track and Field Teams by the United States Track and Field and Cross Country Coaches' Association, earning the distinction for the second straight season.
The Bobcats are one of 92 teams in the nation to sport a cumulative grade point average of 3.00 or better, carrying a mark of 3.49 as a squad to lead the pack in Conference Carolinas. Lees-McRae is one of three programs from the conference, including King College and Queens University of Charlotte, as a total of six teams from the Southeast Region earned all-academic honors during the 2012-2013 season.
Lees-McRae enjoyed a strong campaign this year, placing five athletes on the USTFCCCA all-Southeast Region team during the indoor season and four on the outdoor squad, including dual recipients Kortnie Curry (Lexington, N.C.), Sarah Monday (Lexington, N.C.), and Taryn Moorhead (Deer Park, Wash.).


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|This information is provided free of charge by the Department of Industrial Relations from its web site at www.dir.ca.gov. These regulations are for the convenience of the user and no representation or warranty is made that the information is current or accurate. See full disclaimer at http://www.dir.ca.gov/od_pub/disclaimer.html.
| Return to index
New query
(a) Scope. All employers who use a regulated carcinogen shall report that use in writing to the Chief as required by this section. Note: Asbestos has additional report of use and asbestos-related work registration requirements in sections 1529, 5208, and 8358.
(b) Definitions.
Chief means the Chief of the Division of Occupational Safety and Health, or designee.
Emergency means any occurrence such as, but not limited to, equipment failure, rupture of containers, or failure of control equipment which results in an unexpected and potentially hazardous release of a regulated carcinogen.
Regulated carcinogen means a recognized cancer causing substance, compound, mixture, or product regulated by sections 1529, 1532, 1532.2, 1535, 8358, 8359 or Article 110, sections 5200-5220.
Use means any use by an employer that could potentially result in employee exposure to a regulated carcinogen. Use includes, but is not limited to: manufacturing, sale, transfer, storage, disposal, handling, research utilization, and transportation of a regulated carcinogen.
(c) Use that requires reporting.
|(1) Regulated area. For all regulated carcinogens that specify a requirement for the employer to establish a regulated area, use of a regulated carcinogen within such a regulated area shall be reported.
|(2) For regulated carcinogens that do not have a regulated area requirement, use of the regulated carcinogen shall be reported in the following circumstances:
|(A) For chromium (VI) regulated by sections 1532.2 or 8358, reporting is required where an employee's exposure to airborne concentrations of chromium (VI) exceeds, or can reasonably be expected to exceed, the PEL.
|(B) For all other regulated carcinogens that do not have a regulated area requirement, reporting is required for any use of a concentration greater than or equal to 0.1% by weight or volume and which results in exposure or potential exposure to employees.
|(1) Initial use of a regulated carcinogen shall be reported in writing to the Chief within 15 calendar days of that initial use.
|(2) Any changes in the reported information shall be similarly reported in writing within 15 calendar days of such change.
|(3) All written reports shall be mailed to:
|(4) The report shall include:
|(A) The name of the employer and address of each workplace where a regulated carcinogen is in use;
|(B) An identifying description of where the use of a regulated carcinogen is located in the workplace;
|(C) A brief description of each process or operation which creates employee exposure to the regulated carcinogen, including the estimated number of employees engaged in each process or operation; and
|(D) The names and addresses of any collective bargaining units or other representatives of the affected employees.
|(1) A report of the occurrence of an emergency and the facts obtainable at that time shall be made within 24 hours to the nearest district office of the Division of Occupational Safety and Health.
|(2) A written report shall be filed with the Chief within 15 calendar days after the occurrence of an emergency. The written report shall include:
|(A) A description of the operation or process involved including its location, the amount of regulated carcinogen released, and the duration of the emergency.
|(B) A statement of the known or estimated extent of employee exposure to the regulated carcinogen and area of contamination.
|(C) An analysis of the circumstance that led up to the emergency.
|(D) A description of the measures taken or to be taken, with specific dates, to prevent further similar emergencies from reoccurring.
|Note: Authority cited: Sections 142.3, 9020 and 9030, Labor Code. Reference: Sections 142.3, 9004, 9009, 9020, 9030 and 9031, Labor Code.
Go Back to Article 110 Table of Contents


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Maple Leafs aim to bounce back against Bluesby Brian Hunter
MAPLE LEAFS (16-13-3) at BLUES (20-6-3)
Last 10: Toronto 3-5-2; St. Louis 7-3-0
Season series: This is the first of two games this season between the Toronto Maple Leafs and St. Louis Blues. They face each other for the first time since Nov. 10, 2011, when Phil Kessel had the only goal of the shootout to lead Toronto to a 3-2 win in St. Louis.
Big story: Brian Elliott will make his eighth start and second in a row for the Blues. The veteran is enjoying another fine season, with a 2.04 goals-against average and .919 save percentage. James Reimer could be in line to start for the Maple Leafs after Jonathan Bernier got the nod Wednesday and lost 3-1 to his former team, the Los Angeles Kings.
Team Scope:
Maple Leafs: There were plenty of storylines to choose from Wednesday. Toronto got forward Joffrey Lupul back in the lineup after a seven-game absence, but was without defenseman Dion Phaneuf, who started serving a two-game suspension that concludes Thursday.
Bernier was eventually traded from Los Angeles because the Kings have Jonathan Quick, but the goalie opposing him Wednesday was rookie Martin Jones, who has manned the net with Ben Scrivens while Quick recovers from a groin injury. Cody Franson ended Jones' bid for a third straight shutout with a power-play goal in the second period, but the Maple Leafs were denied on their other 38 shots in a 3-1 defeat.
"They're down," coach Randy Carlyle said of his players. "Because we had so many opportunities, so many offensive chances."
Blues: Elliott arrived in St. Louis two seasons ago with Jaroslav Halak firmly entrenched as the No. 1 goalie, but Elliott has enjoyed his moments with the Blues as well. He posted a 1.56 goals-against average, .940 save percentage and nine shutouts in just 38 games in 2011-12 and has been their main man in the Stanley Cup Playoffs each of the past two seasons while Halak battled injuries.
Elliott will appear in his third straight game and make his second consecutive start after relieving Halak early in a loss to the Anaheim Ducks on Saturday and then backstopping a 2-1 win against the Winnipeg Jets on Tuesday in which Alex Pietrangelo provided the decisive power-play goal with 3:02 remaining.
"I really like the way we fought," coach Ken Hitchcock told the St. Louis Post-Dispatch. "As the game wore on, our confidence came back to fight for pucks and battle.
"I thought the debris from what's happened here in the last week or so started to eliminate. We just started to get our spirit back and really battle."
Who's hot: Kessel has four goals and five assists in his past eight games for the Maple Leafs. … Shattenkirk has two goals and four assists during a four-game point streak for the Blues.
Injury report: Toronto has forwards Dave Bolland (ankle), Tyler Bozak (oblique) and Colton Orr (elbow) on injured reserve. … St. Louis defenseman Jordan Leopold (hand) and forward Ryan Reaves (hand) are on IR.


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Best Western Chilworth Manor3
Chilworth, Southampton, SO16 7PT
Price FromView Rooms
- Very Good
- 373 guest reviews
"Booked late and got a very good price. It's a very nice hotel in lovely grounds. The room was very modern and lovely new bathroom. But it wa..."
"Beautiful grounds. Nice place to say. A little more expensive than what I was after really but nice nevertheless...."
"The hotel was really lovely, set in beautiful grounds, the staff were very helpful and friendly. The room was very nice and had recently bee..."
"Great stay, very helpful courteous staff. On checking out, I drew their attention to a broken shower bracket and lamp needing new bulb - not..."
"Very good weekend at the hotel, well looked after, staff very attentive and efficient...."
About the hotel
Snuggly set in 12 acres of beautiful landscaped grounds and enveloped by peaceful surroundings, Best Western Chilworth Manor is the perfect setting for weddings, conferences or for a relaxing spa break on the South Coast. Just north of Southampton City Centre, we offer a tranquil getaway for guests, who might find it hard to believe that we're just a few minutes' drive from both the M3 and M27. Just 4.
8 km away from Southampton International Airport and Southampton Parkway Rail Station for anyone who's treating themselves to the ultimate stopover en route to a holiday destination overseas (or a honeymoon to follow your big day here!). The Edwardian Best Western Chilworth Manor offers charming hotel accommodation (95 bedrooms' worth!) and is designed with your needs in mind. All are en-suite rooms featuring flat-screen satellite TV, tea/coffee making facilities, hairdryer and free Wi-Fi. To that end, we boast the modern conveniences for business and leisure requirements, with an exclusive Health Club taking care of your fitness fix! Best Western Chilworth Manor has fantastic leisure facilities including a hydrotherapy spa pool, sauna and steam room. Beauty treatments are available, and there is also a gym for guests to enjoy. Our award winning 1 Rosette Restaurant is situated just off the magnificent galleried hall at the heart of the Manor House that serves daily breakfast, lunch and dinner. We also offer al fresco dining during the summer months on our main terrace overlooking our landscaped grounds and the conservation area beyond. Free onsite car parking is also available.
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Facilities Show/hide
- Main
- Hotel Non-Smoking Throughout, Disabled Facilities, 24 Hour Reception, Cots available, Wedding Licence, Safety Deposit Box, Tea/Coffee making facilities in each room, Hairdryer in each room, Iron And Board In Each Room, Telephone In Each Room, 24 Hour Room Service, Limited room service for hot food, Laundry/Valet Service, Wake Up Call Available, Doctor on call, Ground floor bedrooms
- Parking
- Car parking available onsite
- Business
- Wi-Fi Available, Wi-Fi Available In Public Areas, Wi-Fi Available In Rooms
- Dining
- Restaurant, Lounge Menu, Bar, Breakfast to go
- Leisure
- Gymnasium, Indoor Pool, Sauna, Steam Rooms, Beauty Salon/Manicure, Solarium, Jacuzzi, Croquet
- In Room Entertainment
- TV, Radio
- Accessibility
- Disabled Access Public Areas
Useful Info Show/hide
- 15:00
- 10:00
- Up to 12 years old
- The price shown is based on the occupancy and dates you have searched for. Prices and availability are subject to change based on the arrival date, number of nights and occupancy searched for. All prices are inclusive of all local taxes.
- Pets are not allowed
Customer Reviews
Our reviews are from genuine LateRooms.com customers. We verify that the customer has stayed before leaving a review.
Very Good
85% would recommend it to a friend
Customer service
Food quality
Room quality
Splendid place, but just a few niggling issues
Booked late and got a very good price.
It's a very nice hotel in lovely grounds. The room was very modern and lovely new bathroom. But it wa...
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BEST WESTERN Chilworth Manor
Beautiful grounds.
Nice place to say. A little more expensive than what I was after really but nice nevertheless....
Read More Less


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Final Cut Pro 6 Release Notes
Updated versions of Release Notes may be published as new versions of Final Cut Pro are released or new information becomes available. You can check for updated information by choosing Help > Release Notes when Final Cut Pro is open.
For the latest information about product updates, tips and techniques, and qualified third-party devices, visit the Final Cut Pro website at https://www.apple.com/finalcutstudio/finalcutpro.
For the latest support information from AppleCare, choose Final Cut Pro Support from the Final Cut Pro Help menu. To receive automatic notification about new support issues, use Safari to bookmark the AppleCare Final Cut Pro RSS page at feed://docs.info.apple.com/rss/fcp.rss. See Safari Help for more information about configuring RSS feeds.
To join with other Final Cut Pro users in discussing issues related to using Final Cut Pro, visit the Final Cut Pro discussion website at http://discussions.apple.com/forum.jspa?forumID=939.
Final Cut Pro 6.0.6 Release Notes
This section contains release information about Final Cut Pro 6.0.6.
Improved Real-Time Playback on Certain Mac Pro and Xserve Models
Final Cut Pro 6.0.6 improves real-time playback capabilities with Mac Pro (Early 2009) models and Xserve (Early 2009) models when working with complex sequences or high-bandwidth media formats.
Final Cut Pro 6.0.5 Release Notes
This section contains release information about Final Cut Pro 6.0.5.
Improved High-Precision Rendering
If you render sequences using the high-precision video processing setting, make sure to update to Final Cut Pro 6.0.5 for improved reliability when rendering still images and footage in high-resolution formats.
Extended Metadata Support for the Panasonic AG-HMC150 Camcorder
Final Cut Pro 6.0.5 captures the additional metadata for footage recorded with the Panasonic AG-HMC150 professional AVCHD camcorder.
Improved Support for the Panasonic HDC-SD9 Camcorder
Final Cut Pro 6.0.5 provides enhanced precision and reliability when ingesting files from the Panasonic HDC-SD9 camcorder.
Improved Support for Metadata Imported from P2 Cards
Final Cut Pro 6.0.5 provides support for extended metadata that is captured on P2 cards.
Final Cut Pro 6.0.4 Release Notes
This section contains release information about Final Cut Pro 6.0.4.
Enhanced Final Cut Server Support
Final Cut Pro 6.0.4 has been enhanced to support the latest updates to Final Cut Server. If you are using Final Cut Server 1.1, the server can directly find, access, process, and track Final Cut Pro 6.0.4 projects and media files without converting them to XML files. This enhancement increases the reliability and efficiency of client and server access.
Changes to XDCAM HD422 Sequence Presets
Because XDCAM HD422 devices always record audio at a bit depth of 24 bits, the XDCAM HD422 sequence presets have been updated to include default audio bit depth settings at 24 bits.
Update to Capturing HDV Clips
Updating your computer to use QuickTime 7.5 fixes a small issue when capturing HDV clips. When you use Capture Now to capture HDV clips and the capture runs beyond the end of the data on your tape, you can now stop the capture process by pressing the Esc (Escape) key.
Final Cut Pro 6.0.3 Release Notes
This section contains release information about Final Cut Pro 6.0.3.
Mac OS X v10.5 Leopard Support
Final Cut Pro 6.0.3 is compatible with Mac OS X v10.4.11 and Mac OS X v10.5.2 Leopard.
Sony XDCAM HD422 Support
Final Cut Pro 6.0.3 supports editing media in the XDCAM HD422 format. You can now choose the following XDCAM HD422 Easy Setups:
- XDCAM HD422 1080i50 CBR
- XDCAM HD422 1080i60 CBR
- XDCAM HD422 1080p24 CBR
- XDCAM HD422 1080p25 CBR
- XDCAM HD422 1080p30 CBR
- XDCAM HD422 720p50 CBR
- XDCAM HD422 720p60 CBR
For more information about XDCAM HD422 format support, open Final Cut Pro and choose Help > HD and Broadcast Formats.
Issue When Opening Projects Resolved
When opening some projects, Final Cut Pro 6.0.2 would sometimes erroneously display a message warning that the project was unreadable or too new for that version of Final Cut Pro. This issue has been resolved in Final Cut Pro 6.0.3. For more information, see the article on the AppleCare website at http://support.apple.com/kb/TS1249.
Exporting Stills with the Correct Aspect Ratio
When using Final Cut Pro 6.0.2 to export video to formats compatible with Apple TV, iPhone, or iPod devices, the video was scaled to the correct aspect ratio. However, exported still images were also scaled, leading to a loss in quality. When using QuickTime conversion in Final Cut Pro 6.0.3, still images are exported at their native aspect ratio.
Update to Issue with Aspect Ratios with Stacked Filters
When using multiple filters in a mixed-format sequence, Final Cut Pro now correctly uses the aspect ratio of the individual clip and not that of the overall sequence.
Reconnecting Files with Slashes in the Filename
When performing an XML import in previous versions of Final Cut Pro, you could not reconnect offline files that contained slashes (/) in the filename. Final Cut Pro can now reconnect offline files that have slashes in their filenames.
About Using Animated Generator Clips in Clip Wells
You can place generator clips in FXScript filter clip wells. Some FXScript filters read only the first frame of the generator clip, whereas others read multiple frames from the clip. For example, the FXScript filters Bumpmap, Gradient Wipe, and Page Peel use only the first frame of a generator clip placed in their clip wells. If you have animated a text generator clip, making the text move, and you place the clip in an FXScript filter clip well, the text appears animated or not depending on which FXScript filter you've chosen. If you put an animated clip in the clip wells of Bumpmap, Gradient Wipe, or Page Peel filters, which only access the first frame of a clip, the text generator clip doesn't appear animated.
Corrections to the Final Cut Pro 6 User Manual
The Final Cut Pro 6 User Manual incorrectly states that time remapping parameters can be saved as motion favorites. You cannot save time remapping parameters as motion favorites.
The manual also incorrectly states that you can slide multiple clips in the Timeline. Sliding multiple clips in the Timeline can result in clips being accidentally slipped or trimmed.
Final Cut Pro 6.0.2 Release Notes
This section contains release information about Final Cut Pro 6.0.2.
Mac OS X v10.5 Leopard Support
Final Cut Pro 6.0.2 is compatible with Mac OS X v10.4.11 and Mac OS X v10.5 Leopard.
Sony XDCAM EX Support
XDCAM EX is a variation of XDCAM HD that records full HD resolution as either 1920 x 1080 or 1280 x 720 footage. XDCAM EX footage is recorded on SxS cards, based on the PCMCIA ExpressCard/34 form factor.
Final Cut Pro 6.0.2 includes support for the Sony XDCAM EX format, but it requires the installation of the Sony XDCAM Transfer software and an XDCAM EX plug-in. For more information about this software, go to the Sony website at http://www.sony.com/xdcam.
Final Cut Pro includes the following 1080-line XDCAM EX Easy Setups:
- XDCAM EX 1080p24 VBR
- XDCAM EX 1080p25 VBR
- XDCAM EX 1080p30 VBR
- XDCAM EX 1080i50 VBR
- XDCAM EX 1080i60 VBR
Final Cut Pro also includes the following 720-line XDCAM EX Easy Setups:
- XDCAM EX 720p24 VBR
- XDCAM EX 720p25 VBR
- XDCAM EX 720p30 VBR
- XDCAM EX 720p50 VBR
- XDCAM EX 720p60 VBR
Important: A separate plug-in from Sony is required to enable these features.
Connecting an XDCAM EX Camcorder or SxS Card to Your Computer
You can mount XDCAM EX media on your computer desktop by doing one of the following:
- Connect the camcorder to your computer with a USB cable.
- Insert an SxS card directly into the ExpressCard/34 PCMCIA slot in a MacBook Pro computer.
When connecting an XDCAM EX camcorder to your computer, you must set the camcorder to target device mode. See the manual that came with your camcorder for instructions.
Working with XDCAM EX Footage
Once you ingest your XDCAM EX footage to QuickTime media files on your scratch disk, you can simply choose the XDCAM EX Easy Setup that corresponds to your footage and edit as you would with any other native format in Final Cut Pro.
Rendering and conforming XDCAM EX media works in the same way as HDV and XDCAM HD rendering and conforming.
XDCAM EX Format Specifications
XDCAM EX adds full-resolution 1920 x 1080 and 1280 x 720 modes and ExpressCard-based recording.
XDCAM EX records to Sony SxS solid-state ExpressCard/34 media.
XDCAM EX can record footage at two quality levels:
- SP (HDV): 25 Mbps (CBR) MPEG-2 bit rate; 1440 x 1080 frame dimensions; 4:2:0 color sampling; MPEG-2 MP@HL-1440 Standard
- HQ: 35 Mbps (VBR) MPEG-2 bit rate; 1920 x 1080 and 1280 x 720 frame dimensions; 4:2:0 color sampling; MPEG-2 MP@HL Standard
XDCAM EX records 16:9 HD video. XDCAM EX can record either 1440 or 1920 pixels per line and 1080 lines per frame, or 1280 pixels per line and 720 lines per frame.
XDCAM EX supports both progressive and interlaced scanning, depending on the HD format you are using.
Sony HVR-V1 HDV Tape-Based Camcorder Support
Final Cut Pro 6.0.2 is compatible with the Sony HVR-V1 HDV camcorder, which is capable of recording 1080p24, 1080p25, and 1080p30 footage. You can capture natively or capture to either the Apple Intermediate Codec or the Apple ProRes 422 codec. You can also output back to the Sony HVR-V1 camcorder using the Print to Video command.
To natively capture 1080p25 or 1080p30 footage, you should use the HDV 1080i50 and HDV 1080i60 Easy Setups, respectively. Your footage will retain its progressive scanning even though it will be stored in an interlaced format. You can capture 1080p24 footage using the 1080i60 Easy Setup, but your captured footage will retain 3:2 pull-down in this case.
For transcoded capture of 1080p24 footage, 3:2 pull-down is removed during transcoding, resulting in footage stored in the 1080p24 Apple Intermediate Codec format or the 1080p24 Apple ProRes 422 codec format. You can also capture 1080p25 and 1080p30 footage to either format, although Easy Setups are not included for these formats. In these cases, your captured footage is stored in the 1080p25 or 1080p30 Apple Intermediate Codec or Apple ProRes 422 codec format.
Here are the recommended workflows for capturing from and outputting to the Sony HVR-V1 camcorder with Final Cut Pro 6.0.2:
- 24p/60i on tape: Capture to the 24p Apple Intermediate Codec or Apple ProRes 422 codec, then output to the HVR-V1 camcorder in 24p/60i mode.
- 25p/50i on tape: Capture to the 25p Apple Intermediate Codec or Apple ProRes 422 codec, then output to the HVR-V1 camcorder in 25p/50i mode.
- 30p/60i on tape: Capture to the 30p Apple Intermediate Codec or Apple ProRes 422 codec, then output to the HVR-V1 camcorder in 30p/60i mode.
Sony HDV Camcorder Hard Drive Support
The Log and Transfer window in Final Cut Pro 6.0.2 includes support for HDV camcorders with hard drive options.
Important: A separate plug-in from Sony is required to enable these features.
AVCHD Support
Final Cut Pro 6.0.2 includes support for AVCHD Full HD formats (full width, 1920 x 1080 pixels, interlaced) recorded by camcorders such as the Panasonic HDC-SD3 and HDC-SD5 camcorders. Also, spanned AVCHD clips are recognized.
Important: Final Cut Pro 6.0.1 did not recognize AVCHD spanned clips, so each segment of a spanned clip was ingested independently. Because Final Cut Pro 6.0.2 now recognizes spanned AVCHD clips, it may be impossible to reingest certain segments of a spanned AVCHD clip that you originally ingested in Final Cut Pro 6.0.1. In this case, you may need to use the Log and Transfer window to reingest the entire spanned clip and delete the outdated clips that represent spanned clip segments.
AVC-Intra Support
The Log and Transfer window now includes support for transfer of AVC-Intra footage. Keep in mind the following requirements for working with AVC-Intra footage:
- AVC-Intra footage must be transcoded to the Apple ProRes 422 codec.
- Only Intel-based Macintosh computers include support for AVC-Intra footage.
- An icon indicating limited preview playback appears when AVC-Intra footage cannot be played back at its full frame rate. When in limited preview playback mode, audio preview will be disabled.
- Full video preview of AVC-Intra footage requires a Mac Pro computer.
- An AVC-Intra codec, available from Panasonic, must be installed.
For more information, open Final Cut Pro and choose Help > HD and Broadcast Formats.
DVCPRO HD 720p50 Support
You can now capture and output 720p50 DVCPRO HD from supported video devices.
HDV Workflow Improvements
The following HDV Easy Setups should be used specifically for capturing footage in Canon HDV 1080F24, 1080F25, and 1080F30 formats:
- HDV - 1080p24 FireWire Basic
- HDV - 1080p25 FireWire Basic
- HDV - 1080p30 FireWire Basic
Important: These Easy Setups are not for use with the Sony HVR-V1 camcorder.
The following new Easy Setup improves HDV 1080p24 footage workflows:
- HDV-Apple ProRes 422 1080p24: Use this Easy Setup to transcode HDV 1080p24 footage from the Sony HVR-V1 camcorder to the Apple ProRes 422 codec during capture.
Two new capture presets are available for you to use for capturing and transcoding HDV footage to the Apple ProRes 422 and Apple ProRes 422 (HQ) codecs:
- HDV-Apple ProRes 422: Use this capture preset to transcode HDV footage to the Apple ProRes 422 codec during capture.
- HDV-Apple ProRes 422 (HQ): Use this capture preset to transcode HDV footage to the Apple ProRes 422 (HQ) codec during capture.
You can also use these new capture presets to create Easy Setups for capturing and transcoding HDV footage to the Apple ProRes 422 and Apple ProRes 422 (HQ) codecs.
60 fps Drop Frame Timecode Support
Final Cut Pro 6.0.2 has support for 60 fps drop frame timecode. This includes support for capture, export via QuickTime, FireWire device control, and third-party interfaces. 60 @ 30 timecode can also be displayed in drop frame mode.
If you edit a 60 fps clip with drop frame timecode into an empty sequence, the sequence's drop frame setting may not be set correctly. To correct the drop frame setting of the sequence, choose Sequence > Settings, click the Timeline Options tab, then select the Drop Frame checkbox.
Note: Sequences that use 60 fps timecode have the Drop Frame option selected by default (as is the case with sequences that use 30 fps timecode). Many devices that use 60 fps timecode use non-drop frame timecode by default, so you may want to change your sequence settings (choose Sequence > Settings, click the Timeline Options tab, deselect the Drop Frame option, then click OK).
50p Support
Along with support for a number of recent 50p video formats, Final Cut Pro 6.0.2 includes support for 50 fps timecode in all timecode fields and project properties. A new 50 @ 25 timecode format has been added for deck support and EDL compatibility with 50 fps formats.
720p50 and 720p60 HDV Tape-Based Device Support
In Final Cut Pro 6.0.2, you can now capture from and output to JVC 720p50 and 720p60 HDV tape-based devices.
Broadcast Wave Format File iXML Support
Some Broadcast Wave Format (BWF) audio files contain metadata in the evolving iXML format (for details, go to http://www.ixml.info). If you import a BWF file containing the appropriate iXML metadata, Final Cut Pro can calculate the timecode rate and mode (drop frame or non-drop frame).
Note: If Final Cut Pro can determine the timecode rate and mode from the imported iXML metadata, the setting in the BWF NTSC Default Timecode pop-up menu in the Editing tab of the User Preferences window is ignored.
In addition to timecode settings, the following iXML metadata fields are mapped to Final Cut Pro clip properties:
- <TAPE>: Mapped to the Reel property of the imported clip.
- <SCENE>: Mapped to the Scene property of the imported clip.
- <TAKE>: Mapped to the Take property of the imported clip.
- <CIRCLED>: Mapped to the Good property of the imported clip.
- <NOTE>: Mapped to the Log Note property of the imported clip.
When you update existing Final Cut Pro projects containing BWF clips, the timecode of these clips is not updated to use iXML metadata even if it is available. This way, your project's BWF clips retain the timecode you were already using. However, any new BWF media files that you import into your project will import timecode information from iXML metadata if available.
Important: Updating a Final Cut Pro project by opening it in Final Cut Pro 6.0.2 does not modify the timecode of BWF clips in your project. However, if you ever reconnect those BWF clips to their original media files, the timecode of each clip may change if iXML metadata is present in those clips. Always make a copy of your Final Cut Pro project before updating it in Final Cut Pro 6.0.2. If your project requires that the BWF clip timecode not change, you may want to complete your project in Final Cut Pro 6.0.1.
Updating Motion and Motion Templates
Final Cut Pro 6.0.2 master templates require Motion version 3.0.2 or later. By upgrading to Motion version 3.0.2 or later, you take advantage of important fixes and improvements made in the Motion application and templates.
Setting Render Preferences for Motion Master Templates and Motion Projects
Final Cut Pro 6.0.2 is preset to render Motion templates and Motion projects at Normal quality. If the render quality is not adequate, you can change the render setting for Motion templates and projects in the Render Control tab of the User Preferences window.
When Motion master template and project rendering is set to Normal, Final Cut Pro 6.0.2 renders your templates at the same quality seen when rendering the templates at Normal quality in Motion. If you determine that the render quality is not high enough, as might be the case when your Motion templates or projects use render-intensive features such as 3D text rotation or 3D particles, you can change the render quality setting to Best. However, rendering Motion templates and projects at Best quality can greatly extend the time it takes to render your movie.
Note: Selecting the Always Use Best Quality When Rendering Movies checkbox in the Render Control tab of the User Preferences window sets Final Cut Pro to always render your Motion templates and projects at Best quality during export or when doing any necessary final rendering for output, no matter which quality level you chose from the Quality pop-up menu. To render your Motion templates and projects at the Normal or Draft quality, be sure this checkbox is deselected. In Final Cut Pro 6.0.2, the Always Use Best Quality When Rendering Movies checkbox is deselected by default.
Skipping Directories in the Reconnect Files Dialog
The Files to Connect list in the Reconnect Files dialog displays the names of clips you selected to reconnect and sorts them by the current directory path stored in the clip. You can individually remove files from this list by clicking Skip File. In Final Cut Pro 6.0.2, you can remove multiple clips from the Files to Connect list by clicking Skip Directory. The currently highlighted clip is removed from the list along with all other clips whose current directory path is the same as that of the highlighted clip. For example, if you have five offline clips whose Source properties all point to the same folder on your scratch disk, highlighting any one of those clips and clicking Skip Directory immediately removes all five clips from the list.
Note: If you select a clip whose file path is unspecified and click Skip Directory, all clips with an unspecified file path are removed from the Files to Connect list.
Moving Media Files to the Trash Now Makes Clips Offline
Clips whose media files are moved to the Trash in the Finder now properly appear offline when you switch back to Final Cut Pro.
Changes to Snapping Behavior When Performing Shuffle Edits
Shuffle (or "swap") edits are performed by dragging a clip over an adjacent clip and then holding down the Option key. (For more information, see page 194 in Volume II of the Final Cut Pro User 6 Manual.) In Final Cut Pro 6.0.2, holding down Option after you begin dragging a clip temporarily enables snapping, regardless of whether snapping was turned on when you began dragging the clip. You can temporarily turn on or turn off snapping while you drag the clip by pressing the N key. After you release the mouse button, the snapping mode returns to however it was set before you began dragging the clip.
Note: Because of the complex sequence of keys required to turn on or turn off snapping during a shuffle edit, you should never assign keyboard shortcuts with modifier keys to the snapping command. For example, D and N are good keyboard shortcuts for snapping, but Option-N and Option-D are not.
Hiding Clip Names in the Timeline
You can now hide sequence clip names to make it easier to see content such as audio waveforms.
To turn on or turn off the display of video or audio sequence clip names:
- In the Timeline, choose Show Audio Clip Names or Show Video Clip Names from the Track Layout pop-up menu in the lower-left corner.
New Playhead-Centered Zooming Commands in the Timeline
Final Cut Pro 6.0.2 includes three commands for playhead-centered zooming and navigation in the Timeline:
- Zoom In on Playhead in Timeline: Keeps the Timeline playhead centered while zooming in (regardless of the selection in the Timeline).
- Zoom Out on Playhead in Timeline: Keeps the Timeline playhead centered while zooming out (regardless of the selection in the Timeline).
- Scroll to Playhead: Horizontally scrolls the Timeline so that the playhead is centered in the window.
These commands can be mapped to keyboard shortcuts using the Keyboard Layout window (choose Tools > Keyboard Layout > Customize).
Opening a Nested Sequence Displays the Playhead in the Expected Position
When you open a nested sequence, the playhead position of the nested sequence now matches the playhead position of the parent sequence, when possible. In other words, the playhead is now on the same frame in the open nested sequence as in the parent sequence.
Holding Down the Shift Key Forces Final Cut Pro to Open with an Empty Project
If you hold down the Shift key when you open Final Cut Pro, you can override the "Open last project on application launch" option in the General tab of the User Preferences window. Overriding this option forces Final Cut Pro to create an empty project instead of opening the project that was open the last time you used Final Cut Pro.
Gamma Import Option Has Been Renamed
In Final Cut Pro 6.0.2, the Imported Still/Video Gamma option in the Editing tab of the User Preferences window has been renamed Imported Still/RGB Video Gamma.
"Show as Sq. Pixels" Option is Now Called "Correct for Aspect Ratio"
In the Viewer and Canvas, the Show as Sq. Pixels option in the Zoom pop-up menu is now called Correct for Aspect Ratio.
Default Drop Shadow Offset Value Has Changed
Projects created in Final Cut Pro 6.0.2 use a default Drop Shadow Offset value of 2 in the Motion tab of the Viewer. Projects created in previous versions of Final Cut Pro still use a default Drop Shadow Offset value of 10.
Log and Transfer Window Improvements
The Transfer Queue area of the Log and Transfer window now displays the amount of total free space available on your scratch disk.
For the latest information about the Log and Transfer window, open Final Cut Pro and choose Help > HD and Broadcast Formats.
FxPlug Plug-in Improvements
In Final Cut Pro 6.0.2, FxPlug plug-ins display collapsible parameter groups in the Filters tab of the Viewer.
New Apple Events Support
Final Cut Pro 6.0.2 responds to three new Apple Events that allow you to:
- Query which effects are currently installed
- Query which projects are currently open
- Select specific clips based on UUIDs.
For details, go to http://developer.apple.com/appleapplications.
XML <Importoptions> Behavior Updated
The XML elements that determine when the XML Import dialog appears during XML import have changed.
When importing XML, you can now choose to have any imported sequences take on the settings from the first clip that appears in the sequence.
For details, go to http://developer.apple.com/appleapplications.
Lost Render Files for Duplicated Sequences Issue Resolved
In previous versions of Final Cut Pro, rendered items of a duplicated sequence could become unrendered after you reopened a project. In these cases, the render bar indicated that the items were rendered, but the items appeared unrendered during playback in the Canvas. This issue has been resolved in Final Cut Pro 6.0.2.
Final Cut Pro 6.0.2 Compatibility with Final Cut Pro 6.0.1
Final Cut Pro 6.0.2 projects are not backward compatible with Final Cut Pro 6.0.1.
Updating Required Third-Party Software
Final Cut Pro 6.0.2 supports the use of Panasonic and Sony video footage using transfer software and plug-ins provided by the manufacturer. To make sure you have the latest versions of this software, check the manufacturer's website:
- For P2 driver software from Panasonic: Go to https://eww.pavc.panasonic.co.jp/pro-av/support/desk/e/download.htm.
- For Sony XDCAM Transfer software and XDCAM EX plug-in: Go to http://www.sony.com/xdcam.
Final Cut Pro 6.0.1 Release Notes
This section contains release information about Final Cut Pro 6.0.1.
AVCHD Support in the Log and Transfer Window
The Log and Transfer window now supports transfer of AVCHD footage. For more information, choose Help > HD and Broadcast Formats.
Duration of Ingested AVCHD Clips Does Not Always Match the Duration Shown in the Log and Transfer Window
The Log and Transfer window shows an average duration for AVCHD clips, especially clips longer than 1 minute. After ingesting clips, the correct duration is displayed in the Final Cut Pro Browser.
Transcoded AVCHD Files Require Significantly More Disk Space Than Native AVCHD Files
When ingesting AVCHD files in the Log and Transfer window, video is transcoded to either the Apple ProRes 422 codec or the Apple Intermediate Codec. AVCHD has a much higher compression ratio than the Apple ProRes 422 codec, so the ingested files are significantly larger than the original files. For example, a 2-minute native AVCHD file is about 200 MB. After transcoding to the Apple ProRes 422 codec, the file size can be as large as 2 GB.
Final Cut Pro does not estimate the size of a transcoded AVCHD file before ingesting, so it is possible to exceed the available space on your capture disk during transfer. Before ingesting AVCHD footage, keep in mind that the disk space required is about ten times greater than the size of the native AVCHD file. To create smaller files during transfer, you can transcode AVCHD files to the Apple Intermediate Codec. For more information, open Final Cut Pro and choose Help > HD and Broadcast Formats.
AVCHD Clips Do Not Support In and Out Points in the Log and Transfer Window
When logging and transferring AVCHD footage in the Log and Transfer window, you cannot set In and Out points on clips; the entire length of a clip must be transferred.
Defocus Filter Is Now Available
The Defocus FxPlug filter is now available in Final Cut Pro.
Long Filenames Supported When Saving to Network and Xsan Volumes
Long filenames (greater than 32 characters, up to 255 characters) are now properly handled when saving to a network or Xsan volume.
Favorite Effects Can Be Imported When Upgrading from Final Cut Pro 5
When upgrading from Final Cut Pro 5 to Final Cut Pro 6, you have the option to import favorite effects stored in your Final Cut Pro 5 preferences file into Final Cut Pro 6. Whenever Final Cut Pro 6 needs to create a new preferences file, a dialog appears asking if you want to import your favorite effects from your Final Cut Pro 5 preferences file. Final Cut Pro creates a new preferences file when you open Final Cut Pro for the first time or when you delete the preferences file.
Final Cut Pro Cannot Be Updated If the Application Has Been Renamed
Final Cut Pro software updates do not work if the application has been renamed. For example, if you change the application name to Final Cut Pro 6, software updates will not work.
Final Cut Pro 6.0 Release Notes
This section contains release information about Final Cut Pro 6.0.
Controlling the Render Quality of Motion Projects and Template Clips
When scrubbing through Motion clips and template clips in the Timeline, you can speed up frame updates by reducing the display quality. You can adjust Motion and template clip quality in the Render Control tab of the Sequence Settings window (for individual sequences) or the User Preferences window (for newly created sequences).
To improve scrubbing performance:
- Select a sequence or make the Timeline the active window, choose Sequence > Settings, then click the Render Control tab.
- Choose Normal or Draft from the Quality pop-up menu in the Master Templates and Motion Projects area.
Important: To ensure that template clips and Motion clips in your sequence are rendered at full quality, make sure to select Always Use Best Quality When Rendering Movies in the Render Control tab of the Sequence Settings window. By default, this option is selected.
Defocus Filter Is Not Available
The Final Cut Pro New Features document incorrectly states that the Defocus filter is available in Final Cut Pro. The Defocus filter is not available.


text:
Former developer tools evangelist at Apple, Michael Jurewitz has been going flat out on the writing circuit this past week, topped off by a an insane final lap consisting of a 5-part series on understanding App Store pricing.
Pricing your app is probably one of the most difficult things you will ever do. It often feels like a shot in the dark at best and a wild-guessing game at worst. It's important to remember that there are a few things you can do ahead of time, and some very interesting things you can do later, to understand how successfully you may have priced your application.
Here's the breakdown, and the links to each part:
Part 1 looks at the phenomena of falling prices, or "racing to the bottom", and graphs the differences between top and median selling and grossing apps.
Part2 looks at the difference between top selling and top grossing apps, and which types of apps actually make money.
Part 3 looks at elasticities, demand curves, revenue maximizations, and the realizations that App Store business really is a business.
Part 4 looks at how all of the above should be factored into determining what price can be charged for any given app.
Part 5 is where Jury puts his own apps where his mouth is, showing how all this thinking was applied to Black Pixel's Kaleidoscope 2, and what the results have been to date.
Read 'em all, and thanks to Jury for sharing his insights, and driving all this across the line. Very nearly at Mach 1.
Source: Jury


text:
What is Metro? - Metro works with communities, businesses and residents in the Portland metropolitan area to chart a wise course for the future while protecting the things we love about this place.
Where is Metro? - Metro serves more than 1.5 million people in Clackamas, Multnomah, and Washington counties. The agency's boundary encompasses Portland, Oregon and 23 other cities – from the Columbia River in the north to the bend of the Willamette River near Wilsonville, and from the foothills of the Coast Range near Forest Grove to the banks of the Sandy River at Troutdale.
Who is Metro? -The Metro Council consists of a president, elected regionwide, and six councilors who are elected by district every four years in nonpartisan races. The Metro Auditor, elected regionwide, is responsible for oversight of Metro's annual financial statements and for conducting performance audits. The council appoints a chief operating officer to carry out council policies and manage Metro operations. The chief operating officer oversees a diverse workforce of more than 1,600 employees including park rangers, economists, teachers, scientists, designers, planners, animal keepers, stagehands and cartographers. Hundreds of volunteers lend a hand at Metro's parks, cemeteries, natural areas, offices and visitor venues.
Why regional governance? - As far back as the 1950s, Portland area leaders saw an unfilled need to provide regionwide planning and coordination to manage growth, infrastructure and development issues that cross jurisdictional boundaries. They also saw a need to protect farms and forests from urbanization and to provide services that are regional in nature. More than 30 years ago, Metro was created to fill that void, becoming the nation's first directly elected regional government.
Metro strives to cultivate diversity, advance equity and practice inclusion in all of its work.
Metro gathered public input for the Powell-Division Transit and Development Project at the annual powwow at the NAYA Family Center in summer 2014.
Metro's Diversity, Equity and Inclusion program addresses systemic inequities that impact our communities by providing support and tools to Metro staff, Metro Council and community partners to create an equitable region for all. The Metro Council approved a Strategic plan to advance racial equity, diversity and inclusion in 2016.Public engagement review process helps make sure that Metro engages a diversity of people from throughout the region, is accountable for how public input affects decisions and evaluates outreach activities.
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|Full Time
|Chief Financial Officer


text:
Sorry, the requested page could not be found.
If you arrived here from an external website, the link you chose may no longer be valid.
However if you believe there may be a problem with our website, we'd be grateful if you'd email us with the webpage address you're trying to access, so that we can get it looked at.
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Cracker @ Ace of Spades
Ace of Spades
Friday, June 2, 2017 at 7:30 PM (PDT)
Event Details
Plus Special Guests:
Victor Krummenacher of Camper Van Beethoven
• Once you purchase, your ticket can not be refunded. You will receive an order confirmation email from Eventbrite on behalf of Ace of Spades.
• IMPORTANT: If you do not see your order confirmation in your inbox, make sure to check your junk/spam folder. If you still do not see your order confirmation, click here to access the Eventbrite help center.
• Need to view or update the name on your you order? Click here for instructions.
• If you are having any other technical ticketing-related issues with your order, click here to contact Eventbrite. For general show info, click here
Need to view or update the name on your you order? Click here for instructions.
When & Where
Ace of Spades
1417 R Street
Friday, June 2, 2017 at 7:30 PM (PDT)
Add to my calendar
Ace of Spades
Sacramento's premier music venue located in downtown Sacramento. All shows, all ages, all the time.


text:
The start of something new — FlakPhoto Digest.
We're developing a new project, a weekly newsletter focused on photography + visual culture recommendations carefully curated from across the Web. You know, the good stuff that deserves a closer look. FlakPhoto Digest is currently in closed beta and will be available to the public later this year. You can request an invite by subscribing below.
Website - CiurejLochmanPhoto.com
Barbara Ciurej and Lindsay Lochman collaborate on photographic projects that address the confluence of history, myth and popular culture. Their collaborative practice developed from their work at the Institute of Design and in the alternative art world. Their photographs are in public and private collections including the Art Institute of Chicago, Walker Art Center, Museum of Contemporary Photography and Milwaukee Art Museum and most recently included in Review Santa Fe 100 and exhibitions at Schneider Gallery (Chicago) and the Annenberg Space for Photography (Los Angeles). The upcoming issue of Diffusion Magazine will feature their work. Ciurej is a photographer/graphic designer living and working in Chicago. Lochman is a Milwaukee-based photographer and lecturer at the University of Wisconsin.
Flak Photo is an online photography channel that presents the work of artists, curators, bookmakers and photo organizations to a global audience of people who are passionate about visual culture. Interested in contributing? Click here to learn more »
Are you promoting a photography project? Share it with Flak Photo's global audience by placing a graphic advertisement in this space. For details about banner ads, media partnerships or other inquiries, contact editor Andy Adams »


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Paradox Interactive announces War of the Roses, a team-based multiplayer action game in development at Fatshark (Lead and Gold: Gangs of the Wild West) for release next year. The project, which has been in development with the codename "Project Postman," will be set in a Costner-free depiction of 15th century England, where players will engage in third-person melee combat. "War of the Roses will give players face-to-face melee combat they rarely see in today's third-person and first-person online shooters," says Gordon Van Dyke, Senior Producer for Paradox Interactive. "We're looking to steep players in that savagery, and challenge them to confront their opponents head-on in this unique multiplayer game." Here are some War of the Roses screenshots and a cinematic War of the Roses announcement trailer, which is also embedded following this snippet from the game's description:
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Both sides seemed optimistic about reaching a resolution before the start of mediation next week.
However, it appears contract negotiations between a teachers union and the Leavenworth school district will go to mediation as scheduled.
Both sides seemed optimistic about reaching a resolution before the start of mediation next week.
However, it appears contract negotiations between a teachers union and the Leavenworth school district will go to mediation as scheduled.
The Leavenworth National Education Association and the Leavenworth School Board have not reached a negotiated contract agreement for the current school year.
An impasse officially has been declared in the negotiations, and mediation is scheduled to begin Jan. 29.
The major point of contention in the negotiations concerns what is referred to as a "step," or vertical movement, on a pay grid known as the teachers' salary schedule. The Leavenworth NEA has argued for such a "step," which would result in a pay increase for teachers.
Ginger Riddle, a co-president of the LNEA and member of the union's negotiating team, said teachers expect to be rewarded for their experience by moving on the salary schedule.
"We believe that the district can give that and should," she said.
Kevin Gullett, chief financial officer for the school district, said the school system has enough money to pay for the salary increase for its regular education teachers. But, there is not enough money for teachers in the Leavenworth County Special Education Cooperative.
The Leavenworth school system serves as host district for the Special Education Cooperative. All of the cooperative's teachers are employees of the Leavenworth district.
All six of the school districts that are members of the cooperative provide financial support to the organization.
Gullett said salary increases for special education teachers would be paid for from the cooperative's budget, which doesn't have enough money to pay for raises if teachers move a "step" on the salary schedule.
Riddle said the LNEA believes the resources are available for paying for the "step" increase.
Gullett said the said the district had offered a one-time payment of $500 to returning teachers as well as a $75 monthly increase in the district's contribution for health insurance for employees on a single-person plan. The district also offered to give teachers with advanced degrees lateral movement on the salary schedule, but not the vertical "step" requested by the LNEA.
Riddle said the $500 payment would be a one-time payment. The pay increase from a "step" on the salary schedule would accumulate year after year.
"Over the career of the teacher, that is going to add up to tens of thousands of dollars," she said.
Even though it was not made as an official offer, the LNEA would have accepted the pay increase from a "step" for only the second half of the current school year, Riddle said.
During the upcoming mediation, a mediator will talk with sides and try to find a resolution.
"His recommendation is not binding on either party," Riddle said.
If a resolution is not reached through mediation, the negotiations will advance to a fact finding process.
In the meantime, teachers are operating under the conditions of their 2012-13 contracts.
Riddle said the LNEA has to file a letter by Feb. 1 stating the items its members want to negotiate for the next school year.
She said it's frustrating because teachers don't have a 2013-14 contract to work from.


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This crisp white maternity shirt is so chic, it looks great with trousers or jeans and it's ideal for breastfeeding too. It's fully ruched on both sides to frame your body and create a fitted silhouette.Made from beautifully soft and incredibly stretchy viscose/elastane fabric, this maternity shirt will see you through every stage of pregnancy and beyond!More questions? Email our Fashion Advisors
If you're looking for the perfect maternity top to go with your ever growing bump then look no further than Funmum. Our maternity tops are on trend, comfortable and stylish! Be inspired with this beautiful crossover style. Created from the most comfortable and stretchy mix of viscose and elastane fabric to support and stretch with your growing bump. Shop now for the very best in maternity tops!


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Foods packed with nutrients often earn the title of "superfood." Guess that makes these superfood-packed creations SUPERRECIPES!
1/4th of recipe (about 1 1/3 cups): 368 calories, 5.5g fat, 615mg sodium, 65.5g carbs, 13.5g fiber, 9g sugars, 18g protein – PointsPlus® value 9* This meal is SO good, we made it a four-serving batch. And guess what? It tastes even BETTER the day after it's made...Just reheat 'n eat!
Ingredients: 5 cups Brussels sprouts, halved 4 cups baby bella/cremini mushrooms, halved 2 tsp. olive oil or grapeseed oil 1/2 tsp. salt 1/4 tsp. black pepper 1 cup red onion cut into 1-inch chunks 1 cup uncooked quinoa, rinsed thoroughly 1 tbsp. chopped garlic One 15-oz. can black beans, drained and rinsed 2 cups roughly chopped spinach leaves 1/4 cup chopped basil 2 tbsp. balsamic vinegar Directions: Preheat oven to 400 degrees. Spray 2 baking sheets with nonstick spray. Place halved Brussels sprouts and mushrooms in a large bowl. Drizzle with oil, and sprinkle with 1/4 tsp. salt and 1/8 tsp. pepper. Toss to coat. Transfer Brussels sprouts and mushrooms to baking sheets. Add onion, and evenly space out all veggies. Bake until mushrooms and onion have softened and Brussels sprouts have slightly browned, 35 - 40 minutes. Meanwhile, in a medium pot, combine quinoa, garlic, and 2 cups water. Bring to a boil, and then reduce heat to low. Cover and let simmer for 15 minutes, or until water has evaporated and quinoa is fully cooked. Transfer cooked veggies and quinoa back to the large bowl. Add remaining ingredients, including the remaining 1/4 tsp. salt and 1/8 tsp. pepper. Mix to combine. Enjoy! MAKES 4 SERVINGS
1/4th of recipe (about 1/2 cup): 130 calories, 3g fat, 335mg sodium, 22g carbs, 4g fiber, 2.5g sugars, 7g protein – PointsPlus® value 3* This decadent kale creation is a delicious dream come true. We PROMISE. Ingredients: 1 cup chopped onion 10 cups chopped kale 1 tsp. chopped garlic 1 tbsp. light mayonnaise 1/4 tsp. salt 2 wedges The Laughing Cow Light Creamy Swiss cheese
Directions: Bring a large skillet sprayed with nonstick spray to medium-high heat. Cook and stir onion until softened and lightly browned, about 5 minutes. Add kale, garlic, and 1/2 cup water. Cover and cook until kale is tender, about 5 minutes. Remove lid, and reduce heat to low. Add mayo, salt, and cheese wedges, breaking the wedges into pieces. Cook and stir until cheese has melted, mixed with mayo, and coated veggies, about 2 minutes. Enjoy! MAKES 4 SERVINGS
Salmon is full of omega-3s and protein. This foil pack is full of salmon and deliciousness. Make the Sesame Salmon & Snap Peas en Foil today! Blueberries earn superfood cred because they're high in antioxidants and fiber. And our creamy quinoa is like oatmeal's protein-packed cousin. This Hot 'n Fruity Quinoa Bowl is one super breakfast! Here's another kale dish that'll win your heart. Our fresh 'n fruity Holiday Harvest Kale Salad is wildly delicious!
Be a super pal and share these super recipes... Click "Send to a Friend" now!
It's National Fig Week, the first week in November! Figs are tasty sources of potassium and fiber with under 40 calories per medium fruit. Click for more figgy info from our pals at The World's Healthiest Foods!
SmartPoints® value not what you expected? Click here for more info on how the values are calculated, plus more FAQs about PointsPlus® and SmartPoints® values on our website.


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Feb. 5, 2006
ITHACA, NY - After a match against UPenn, the Bulldogs lost 7-21 to Harvard, a squad which boasts five returning First Team All Ivy selections.
"We regrouped and agreed we would be more supportive of each other and be more enthusiastic," captain Isadora Botwinick said. "We had a better energy level for Harvard."
The Bulldogs improved their performance from their first match, earning seven victories against the Crimson.
Yale's epee squad fell to the Crimson 7-2, aided by Botwinick's two victories. The Bulldog's came up winless in foil, a weapon in which they faced strong competition from two returning First Team All Ivy selections.
In sabre, the Bulldogs topped Harvard 5-4. Erin Frey was undefeated, and Carly Guss posted two victories to put Yale on top. Both Guss and Frey defeated returning First Team All Ivy team member Alex Weingarden. Frey topped returning member Carolyn Wright.


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Communist Valentines
Want to express your love in a way that's true to your Marxist politics? (These and other "Communist Valentines" were read aloud by Mo Fathelbab, Chrissie Mayr, and me at the Feb. 11 Manifesto! - a show I co-host at the People's Republic of Brooklyn.) Viva revolución of love!


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The Department of Asia does not operate a public library. You may however send any enquiries or requests relating to the department library and archives to:
Telephone: +44 (0)20 7323 8416
Records of books and other materials held by the Department of Asia library may be accessed using the online catalogue.
Assistance with research-related questions can also be sought from Reader Services in the British Library Department of Asia, Pacific and Africa.
Information about the Central Archive


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Diethylstilbestrol DES Exposure in Utero
Dear OncoLink "Ask The Experts,"
I am a 31 year-old confirmed DES [-exposed] daughter. Are there any guidelines for my physicians to follow? I have had low-grade abnormal paps (CIN1 & VAIN1) a few times now and the most recent was VAIN2.
Christina S. Chu, MD, Assistant Professor of the Division of Gynecologic Oncology at the University of Pennsylvania Health System, responds:
Diethylstilbestrol (DES) was prescribed to prevent spontaneous abortion and premature delivery in the U.S. between 1938 and 1971. In the 1970's, it was discovered that DES was related to an increased incidence of clear-cell adenocarcinoma of the vagina and cervix. The incidence of this is still very low (about 1-1.5 in every 1000 DES daughters), but represents a real risk. Approximately half of all patients with clear cell carcinomas of the cervix and vagina have a history of exposure in uteroto DES. The median age at which these cancers are diagnosed is in the early 20's, but cases have been reported in the 30s and 40s. The risk is greatest when the mother was given DES during the first trimester. The incidence of intraepithelial neoplasia was double the rate in the normal non-exposed population. In studies following exposed women, the average age is still less than 40, so it is not known if there will be any increased risk for this or other cancers as these women age.
In general, pregnant patients were not prescribed DES after 1971 in the U.S., when the FDA made its announcement regarding links from DES to various problems, but it was used in other countries. However, if you believe that you were exposed, even though you were born after this time period, it is good that you have had appropriate screening. In your case, it is impossible to say whether your cervical and vaginal dysplasia is due purely to DES exposure as a fetus, or whether it is due to a particular strain of HPV.
DES-exposed daughters should undergo yearly pelvic exam including examination of the rectal area. The physician should feel the pelvic organs for any lumps, which may be an indication of an abnormal growth. As part of a pelvic exam, the doctor feels the vagina, uterus, cervix and ovaries for any lumps.
In addition to a routine yearly cervical Pap test, patients should have a "four-quadrant Pap test" which tests cells from all sides of the vagina.
Your physician may examine the vagina after temporarily staining it with an iodine solution to help find areas of adenosis (an abnormal but benign growth of glandular cells).
Any abnormal Pap tests should be evaluated with colposcopic examination and directed biopsies.
Learn more about DES daughters at the CDC.


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In the wake of the horrific, tragic shootings at Sandy Hook school last week, some people have suggested that our culture of super-violent video games are at least partially to blame.
The Sandy Hook gunman, Adam Lanza, reportedly spent hours playing a game called "Call of Duty" every day.
Those who have not played "first-person shooter" games like this may not understand how realistic they have become in recent years. Because this topic has now become part of the national debate on how to reduce or stop gun massacres, we will walk through an example of these games.
Importantly, we have no idea what short-circuited in Lanza's head that made him decide to use real guns to kill real people in Newtown last week. But as you will see, the experience of walking around shooting people would not have been unfamiliar to him.
The first point to keep in mind is that Lanza is not the only one who played "Call of Duty." The best-selling video game series has around 40 million monthly users, including myself — and personally I doubt that it makes people turn violent.
Nonetheless, "Call of Duty" is widely considered one of the most realistic combat games out there.
As a Marine, I can confirm that, while nothing comes close to actual combat, the game offers a glimpse into the world of armed killing. It gives a realistic portrayal of what happens when someone gets shot. It also conveys the speed of combat and how instant reflexes can mean life or death. Indeed this is why games like "Call of Duty" are used by the military to train soldiers.
Though there is a single-player or two-player campaign mode, most fans buy the game to play in the online arenas against other human players. In the following slides, we will walk you through a"Call of Duty" "kill streak" posted to YouTube by a player with the handle stojvip3r11.
One word of caution: These images are graphic, and in light of what happened last week, they may seem distasteful. But they are the reality of a highly popular genre of video games, which is why we are presenting them here.
NOW SEE the real thing, in our 25 most effective weapons in the U.S. arsenal >


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DENVER — The mayor of a Denver suburb that was the site of one of the worst mass shootings in U.S. history says some victims are still terribly injured and may not live.
Aurora Mayor Steve Hogan says he and his staff visited victims in various hospitals on Saturday.
He told ABC's "This Week" that some victims must still undergo major surgery.
Hogan says the city is grieving and then will begin the healing process. He says a vigil scheduled for Sunday night will help.
Meanwhile, the University of Colorado said Sunday it was investigating whether shooting suspect James Holmes used his position as a graduate student to order materials in the potentially deadly booby traps that police said they found in his apartment.
Holmes, 24, got deliveries over four months to his home and school, authorities have said. The university is looking into what was received at the school to assist police with their investigation, said spokeswoman Jacque Montgomery.
The suspect was described as a budding scientist, brimming with potential, who pursued a graduate program even as he planned the attack with "calculation and deliberation," police said.
Investigators spent hours Saturday removing explosive materials from inside Holmes' apartment a day after police said he opened fire and set off gas canisters in a movie theater minutes into a premiere of the "The Dark Knight Rises." The massacre left 12 people dead and 58 injured.
His apartment was booby trapped with jars of liquids, explosives and chemicals that could have killed "whoever entered it," Aurora Police Chief Dan Oates said, noting it would have likely been one of his officers.
Inside the apartment, bomb technicians neutralized a "hypergolic mixture" and an improvised explosive device containing an unknown substance, said James Yacone, an FBI special agent. There also were containers of accelerants, creating "an extremely dangerous environment," he said.
Oates said on CBS' "Face the Nation" that he had never seen a booby trap as elaborate as what was found in the apartment.
By late Saturday afternoon, all hazards had been removed from the apartment and residents in surrounding buildings were allowed to return home, police said.
The exception was Holmes' apartment building, where authorities were still collecting evidence. Authorities covered the windows of Holmes' apartment with black plastic to prevent anyone from seeing in. Before they did, a man in an ATF T-shirt could be seen measuring a poster on a closet that advertised a DVD called "Soldiers of Misfortune." The poster showed several figures in various positions playing paintball, some wearing masks.
Police left the apartment building carrying a laptop computer and a hard drive about 8 p.m. Saturday.
Holmes was in solitary confinement for his protection at a Denver-area county detention facility, held without bond on suspicion of multiple counts of first-degree murder. He was set for an initial hearing on Monday and has been appointed a public defender.
President Barack Obama was scheduled to travel to Colorado on Sunday to visit with the families of victims. The city of Aurora planned a vigil to remember the dead and wounded in the shooting later in the evening.
Among the dead was a 6-year-old girl and a man who died on his 27th birthday and a day before his wedding anniversary. Families grieved and waited at hospitals, with police reporting 11 people still in critical condition as of Saturday.
While authorities continued to refuse to discuss a possible motive for one of the deadliest mass shootings in recent U.S. history, details about Holmes' background as a student and would-be scientist trickled out.
Holmes had recently withdrawn from the competitive graduate program in neuroscience at the University of Colorado Denver, where he was one of six pre-thesis Ph.D. students at its Neuroscience Program to be funded by a prestigious grant from the National Institutes of Health. The program of 35 students is dedicated to training outstanding neuroscientists and academicians who will make significant contributions to neurobiology, the university said in a statement.
In the first year of the five- to seven-year program, students take classes and complete three, three-month research rotations in the labs of different professors.
Professors who worked with him either did not return calls or declined to comment, saying police and university officials had told them not to speak to the media.
At one point in the year, Holmes was engaged in research about RNA and was to present a paper May 8 about RNA Biomarkers, according to a class schedule. It was unclear if he presented the paper.
Holmes recently took an intense, three-part oral exam that marks the end of the first year. Those who do well continue with their studies and shift to full-time research, while those who don't do well meet with advisers and discuss their options, including retaking the exam.
University officials would not say if he passed, citing privacy concerns.
The university said Holmes gave no reason for his withdrawal, a decision he made in June.
"The focus of the program is on training outstanding neuroscientists and academicians who will make significant contributions to neurobiology," the university said. The doctoral program usually takes five to seven years to complete, it said.
Holmes was not allowed access from the institution after his withdrawal, which was "standard operating procedure" because he was no longer affiliated with the school, Montgomery said. Holmes had no contact with university police, she said.
In a resume posted on Monster.com, Holmes listed himself as an "aspiring scientist" and said he was looking for a job as a laboratory technician.
The resume, first obtained in Holmes' home state of California by The Press-Enterprise in Riverside, paints a picture of a brilliant young man brimming with potential: He worked as a summer intern at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies in La Jolla in 2006 and mapped the neurons of Zebra finches and studied the flight muscles of hummingbirds while an undergraduate at the University of California, Riverside.
He also worked as a cabin counselor to underprivileged children at a summer camp in Los Angeles in 2008. In a statement, Camp Max Straus confirmed Holmes had worked there for eight weeks. The camp provided no other details about Holmes but said such counselors are generally responsible for the care and guidance of roughly 10 children.
Ritchie Duong, a friend who has known Holmes for more than a decade, told the Los Angeles Times that in high school he liked to play cards and video games. They both attended undergraduate school at the University of California, Riverside, where they saw each other once a week to watch the TV show "Lost."
Duong last saw Holmes in December when they met for dinner in Los Angeles and saw a movie together. His friend seemed fine, he told the newspaper.
Academics came easily to Holmes both at high school and at the UC Riverside, Duong said.
"I had one college class with him, and he didn't even have to take notes or anything. He would just show up to class, sit there, and around test time he would always get an 'A,'" said Duong, 24.
During the attack early Friday, Holmes used the military-style semiautomatic rifle, a shotgun and a pistol to open fire on the unsuspecting theater-goers, Oates said. Holmes had bought the weapons at local gun stores within the past two months. He recently purchased 6,000 rounds of ammunition over the Internet, the chief said.
The semiautomatic assault rifle used by the gunman jammed during the attack, a federal law enforcement official told The Associated Press, which forced the shooter to switch to another gun with less fire power.
The official, who spoke on condition of anonymity to in order to discuss the investigation, said the disabled weapon had a high-capacity ammunition magazine. Police have said that a 100-round drum magazine was recovered at the scene and that such a device would be able to fire 50 to 60 rounds a minute.
Holmes also bought an urban assault vest, two magazine holders and a knife for just over $300 on July 2 from an online supplier of tactical gear for police and military personnel, according to the company.
Chad Weinman, CEO of TacticalGear.com, said his company processes thousands of orders each day, and there was nothing unusual in the one that Holmes placed.
The shooting was the worst in the U.S. since the Nov. 5, 2009, attack at Fort Hood, Texas. An Army psychiatrist was charged with killing 13 soldiers and civilians and wounding more than two dozen others.
Across the street from the movie theater, a man who placed 15 crosses near Columbine High School after a 1999 massacre there has returned to Colorado with 12 crosses for the victims of Friday's shooting.
Greg Zanis, of Aurora, Ill., began putting up the 3 1/2-foot-tall crosses Sunday on a hill across the street from the Century 16 theater.


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Poll: Menendez Leads Kyrillos, Trails Nameless
Poll: Menendez Leads Kyrillos, Trails Nameless Talk Radio News Service, flickr
5.10.12 8:49am
Voters say they want someone other than Menendez.
An unnamed opponent holds the edge over incumbent Democrat Robert Menendez in New Jersey's U.S. Senate race.
Thursday's Fairleigh Dickinson University PublicMind survey finds 37 percent of registered voters surveyed support "someone else" compared to 30 percent for Menendez.
The first-term senator leads Republican Joe Kyrillos by nine percentage points in the poll. A quarter of the respondents are undecided.
Two-thirds of those surveyed say they've never heard of Kyrillos. However, that's up from 82 percent questioned in September.
The support of independent voters for Menendez drops from 37 percent to 17 percent when that group is offered "someone else" as the opponent instead of Kyrillos.
The telephone survey of 797 registered voters has a margin of error of plus or minus 3.5 percentage points.


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Bitron Replacement Lamp
Aquascape Pro Air 60 Pond Aeration Kit
07/17/2019 11:25:52 AM: The Aquascape Pro Air 60 Aeration Kit is not only energy efficient, it is also ideal for aerating ponds up to 15,000 gallons! Check out our breakdown
PONDCast Episode 5 Carolyn Weise
07/02/2019 09:52:37 AM: Happy June and the weather is finally breaking! Episode 5 of the PondCast brings back Carolyn Weise from Microbe Lift to discuss the changes taking place in your pond as it gets warmer!
Laguna Pressure Flo Transformer Head Breakdown
06/20/2019 02:30:33 PM: When replacing the UV bulb or quartz sleeve on your Laguna Pressure-Flo Filter - this is the video for you!
PONDCast Episode 6 Casey LeFever
06/13/2019 10:59:24 AM: Episode 6 of the PondCast is not live, have you been keeping up? Don't forget, we want to discuss the topics important to you. So, keep submitting your questions to firstname.lastname@example.com and enjoy our discussion with Casey LeFever from Blue Ridge Fish Hatchery!
We Have The Largest Selection of Pond Supplies and Equipment Available on the Planet


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I know what he is wearing is very simple, not remotely directional or even bespoke-ish but I would love to look this cool in a suit someday.
I would love to tell you "well he looks great specifically because of…blah, blah" but there really isn't one thing that stands out – it all is just so well played – the "unstyled" stylish haircut, the slightly rumpled wool suit, the casual dark navy knit tie, the sporty watch, and I would be willing to bet that he is wearing a Brooks Brothers buttondown (unbuttoned-down notice!) shirt.
As I keep looking at this image the only thing that I can keep coming back to is the fact that his clothes just fit him so perfectly. He could wear exactly all the same items but if they didn't fit on him as well as they do then this would not be such an inspiring photo.
You can do it guys, you can get this look with a $500 suit -just make sure to spend the extra on having it altered.