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Jersey Population: 98,069NO VISITORS FROM HERE YET!
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|Jersey and the other Channel Islands represent the last remnants of the medieval Dukedom of Normandy that held sway in both France and England. These islands were the only British soil occupied by German troops in World War II. Jersey is a British Crown dependency but is not part of the UK or of the EU. However, the UK Government is constitutionally responsible for its defense and international representation.
Largest and southernmost of Channel Islands; about 30% of population concentrated in Saint Helier
|Western Europe, island in the English Channel, northwest of France
|Geographic coordinates:
| total: 116 sq km
land: 116 sq km
water: 0 sq km
Size comparison: about two-thirds the size of Washington, DC
|Land Boundaries:
|0 km
|70 km
|Maritime claims:
|territorial sea: 3 nm exclusive fishing zone: 12 nm
|temperate; mild winters and cool summers
|gently rolling plain with low, rugged hills along north coast
|Elevation extremes:
|Natural resources:
|arable land
|Land use:
| agricultural land: 66% arable land 66%; permanent crops 0%; permanent pasture 0% forest: 0%
other: 34% (2011 est.)
|Irrigated land:
|Natural hazards:
|Current Environment Issues:
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| noun: Channel Islander(s)
adjective: Channel Islander
|Ethnic groups:
|Jersey 46.4%, British 32.7%, Portuguese/Madeiran 8.2%, Polish 3.3%, Irish, French, and other white 7.1%, other 2.4% (2011 est.)
|English 94.5% (official), Portuguese 4.6%, other 0.9% (2001 census)
|Protestant (Anglican, Baptist, Congregational New Church, Methodist, Presbyterian), Roman Catholic
|98,069 (July 2016 est.)
|Age structure:
| 0-14 years: 16.1% (male 8,169/female 7,616)
15-24 years: 14.23% (male 7,187/female 6,768)
25-54 years: 41.18% (male 20,215/female 20,170)
55-64 years: 12.38% (male 5,931/female 6,209)
65 years and over: 16.12% (male 6,731/female 9,073) (2016 est.)
|Dependency ratios:
| total dependency ratio: 47%
youth dependency ratio: 21.6%
elderly dependency ratio: 25.4%
potential support ratio: 3.9% note: data represent the Channel Islands (2015 est.)
|Median age:
| total: 38.5 years
male: 36.2 years
female: 41.2 years (2016 est.)
|Population growth rate:
|0.79% (2016 est.)
|Birth rate:
|12.1 births/1,000 population (2016 est.)
|Death rate:
|7.7 deaths/1,000 population (2016 est.)
|Net migration rate:
|3.5 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2016 est.)
| urban population: 31.4% of total population (2014)
rate of urbanization: 0.76% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.) note: data are for the Channel Islands
|Sex ratio:
| at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female
0-14 years: 1.07 male(s)/female
15-24 years: 1.06 male(s)/female
25-54 years: 1 male(s)/female
55-64 years: 0.96 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.74 male(s)/female
total population: 0.97 male(s)/female (2016 est.)
|Infant mortality rate:
| total: 3.8 deaths/1,000 live births male: 4 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 3.6 deaths/1,000 live births (2016 est.)
|Life expectancy at birth:
| total population: 81.9 years male: 79.4 years
female: 84.5 years (2016 est.)
|Total fertility rate:
|1.66 children born/woman (2016 est.)
|HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
|HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
|HIV/AIDS - deaths:
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|Country name:
| conventional long form: Bailiwick of Jersey
conventional short form: Jersey
etymology: the name is of Old Norse origin, but the meaning of the root "Jer(s)" is uncertain; the "-ey" ending means "island"
|Government type:
|parliamentary democracy (Assembly of the States of Jersey); a Crown dependency of the UK
| name: Saint Helier
geographic coordinates: 49 11 N, 2 06 W
time difference: UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
|Administrative divisions:
|none (British crown dependency); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 12 parishes; Grouville, Saint Brelade, Saint Clement, Saint Helier, Saint John, Saint Lawrence, Saint Martin, Saint Mary, Saint Ouen, Saint Peter, Saint Saviour, and Trinity
|none (British crown dependency)
|National holiday:
|Liberation Day, 9 May (1945)
|history: unwritten; partly statutes, partly common law and practice amendments: proposals introduced to the Assembly of the States of Jersey by a government minister, by an Assembly member, or by an elected parish head; passage requires several Assembly readings, a majority vote by the Assembly, review by the UK Ministry of Justice, and approval by the British monarch (Royal Assent) (2016)
|Legal system:
|the laws of the UK, where applicable, apply; local statutes
|16 years of age; universal
|Executive branch:
| chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Lieutenant Governor (currently vacant); Sir Stephen DALTON will take office in Marach 2017
head of government: Chief Minister Ian GORST (since 18 November 2011); Bailiff William BAILHACHE (since 29 January 2015)
cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed individually by the states elections/appointments: the monarchy is hereditary; Council of Ministers including the chief minister indirectly elected by the Assembly of States; lieutenant governor and bailiff appointed by the monarch
|Legislative branch:
| description: unicameral Assembly of the States of Jersey (49 elected members; 8 senators to serve 6-year terms, and 29 deputies and 12 connetables, or heads of parishes, to serve 3-year terms; 5 non-voting members appointed by the monarch include the bailiff, lieutenant governor, dean of Jersey, attorney general, and the solicitor general)
elections: last held on 15 October 2014 (next to be held in 2017)
election results: percent of vote - NA; seats - independents 49
|Judicial branch:
| highest court(s): Jersey Court of Appeal (consists of the bailiff, deputy bailiff, and 12 judges and organized into Heritage, Family, Probate, and Civil and Criminal Divisions); Royal Court (consists of the bailiff, deputy bailiff, 6 commissioners and lay people referred to as jurats) judge selection and term of office: Jersey Court of Appeal bailiffs and judges appointed by the Crown upon the advice of the Secretary of State for Justice; bailiffs and judges appointed for extent of good behavior; Royal Court bailiffs appointed by the Crown upon the advice of the Secretary of State for Justice; commissioners appointed by the bailiff; jurats appointed by the Electoral College; bailiffs and commissioners appointed for extent of good behavior; jurats appointed until retirement at age 72
subordinate courts: Magistrate's Court; Youth Court; Petty Debts Court; Parish Hall Enquires (a process of preliminary investigation into youth and minor adult offenses to determine need for presentation before a court)
|Political parties and leaders:
|one registered party: Reform Jersey [Sam MEZEC] note: most senators and deputies sit as independents
|Political pressure groups and leaders:
|Institute of Directors, Jersey branch (provides business support) Jersey Hospitality Association [Ian BARNES] (trade association) Jersey Rights Association [David ROTHERHAM] (human rights) La Societe Jersiaise (education and conservation group) Progress Jersey [Daren O'TOOLE, Gino RISOLI] (human rights) Royal Jersey Agriculture and Horticultural Society or RJA&HS (development and management of the Jersey breed of cattle) Save Jersey's Heritage (protects heritage through building preservation)
|International organization participation:
|National symbol(s):
|Jersey cow; national colors: red, white
|National anthem:
| name: "Isle de Siez Nous" (Island Home)
lyrics/music: Gerard LE FEUVRE
note: adopted 2008; serves as a local anthem; as a British Crown dependency, "God Save the Queen" is official (see United Kingdom)
|Diplomatic representation in the US:
|none (British Crown dependency)
|Diplomatic representation from the US:
|none (British Crown dependency)
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Jersey's economy is based on international financial services, agriculture, and tourism. In 2010, the financial services sector accounted for about 50% of the island's output. Potatoes, cauliflower, tomatoes, and especially flowers are important export crops, shipped mostly to the UK. The Jersey breed of dairy cattle is known worldwide and represents an important export income earner. Tourism accounts for one-quarter of GDP. Living standards come close to those of the UK. In recent years, the government has encouraged light industry to locate in Jersey with the result that an electronics industry has developed, displacing more traditional industries. All raw material and energy requirements are imported as well as a large share of Jersey's food needs. Light taxes and death duties make the island a popular tax haven. In October 2014, Jersey signed an OECD agreement to automatically exchange some financial account information to limit tax avoidance and evasion. Jersey's economy is based on international financial services, agriculture, and tourism. In 2010, the financial services sector accounted for about 50% of the island's output. Potatoes, cauliflower, tomatoes, and especially flowers are important export crops, shipped mostly to the UK. The Jersey breed of dairy cattle is known worldwide and represents an important export income earner. Tourism accounts for one-quarter of GDP. Living standards come close to those of the UK. In recent years, the government has encouraged light industry to locate in Jersey with the result that an electronics industry has developed, displacing more traditional industries. All raw material and energy requirements are imported as well as a large share of Jersey's food needs. Light taxes and death duties make the island a popular tax haven. In October 2014, Jersey signed an OECD agreement to automatically exchange some financial account information to limit tax avoidance and evasion.
|GDP (purchasing power parity):
| GDP (purchasing power parity): $5.771 billion (FY12/13 est.) $5.786 billion (FY11/12)
note: data are in 2013 US dollars GDP (purchasing power parity): $5.771 billion (FY12/13 est.) $5.786 billion (FY11/12) note: data are in 2013 US dollars
|GDP (official exchange rate):
|GDP (official exchange rate): $5.771 billion (FY 2012/13 est.) GDP (official exchange rate): $5.771 billion (FY 2012/13 est.)
|GDP - real growth rate:
|-0.3% (FY12/13 est.) -0.3% (FY12/13 est.)
|GDP - per capita (PPP):
|GDP - per capita (PPP): $57,000 (2005 est.) GDP - per capita (PPP): $57,000 (2005 est.)
|Agriculture - products:
|potatoes, cauliflower, tomatoes; beef, dairy products potatoes, cauliflower, tomatoes; beef, dairy products
|tourism, banking and finance, dairy, electronics tourism, banking and finance, dairy, electronics
|Industrial production growth rate:
|Labor force:
|53,380 (June 2012) 53,380 (June 2012)
|Unemployment rate:
|1.7% (2012 est.) 2.2% (2006 est.) 1.7% (2012 est.) 2.2% (2006 est.)
|Population below poverty line:
|Household income or consumption by percentage share:
| lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
| revenues: $829 million
expenditures: $851 million (2005) revenues: $829 million expenditures: $851 million (2005)
|Taxes and other revenues:
|14.4% of GDP (2005) 14.4% of GDP (2005)
|Fiscal year:
|1 April - 31 March 1 April - 31 March
|Inflation rate (consumer prices):
|Inflation rate (consumer prices): 3.7% (2006) Inflation rate (consumer prices): 3.7% (2006)
|Exports - commodities:
|light industrial and electrical goods, dairy cattle, foodstuffs, textiles, flowers light industrial and electrical goods, dairy cattle, foodstuffs, textiles, flowers
|Imports - commodities:
|machinery and transport equipment, manufactured goods, foodstuffs, mineral fuels, chemicals machinery and transport equipment, manufactured goods, foodstuffs, mineral fuels, chemicals
|Debt - external:
|Market value of publicly traded shares:
|Exchange rates:
|Jersey pounds (JEP) per US dollar 0.607 (2014) 0.607 (2013) 0.6542 (2012) 0.6391 (2011 est.) Jersey pounds (JEP) per US dollar 0.607 (2014) 0.607 (2013) 0.6542 (2012) 0.6391 (2011 est.)
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|Electricity - consumption:
|630.1 million kWh (2004 est.)
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|Cellular Phones in use:
|total: 112,400 subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 117 (July 2013 est.)
|Telephone system:
| general assessment: modern system with broadband access
domestic: fixed-line and mobile-cellular services widely available
international: country code - 44; submarine cable connectivity to Guernsey, the UK, and France (2015)
|Broadcast media:
|multiple UK terrestrial TV broadcasts are received via a transmitter in Jersey; satellite packages available; BBC Radio Jersey and 1 other radio station operating (2009)
|Internet country code:
|Internet users:
|total: 58,000 percent of population: 59.6% (July 2015 est.)
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|1 (2013)
|Airports (paved runways):
| total 1
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2013)
| total 576 km
|Merchant marine:
registered in other countries: 14 (Gibraltar 1, India 2, Marshall Islands 11) (2010)
|Ports and terminals:
|major seaport(s): Gorey, Saint Aubin, Saint Helier
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|Defense is the responsibility of the UK
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|Transnational Issues
|Disputes - International:
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Back to Flag Counter Overview
Source: CIA - The World Factbook


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Scoring Sunday's Nuptials: Hair Comes the Bride, All Tressed in White
Fearless Gawker wedding correspondent Phyllis Nefler is braving the heat this weekend as well as the picture-perfect pairings featured in the vaunted pages of the New York Times Weddings section. Come along, but beware: Trinity, teachers, and Maine: oh my!
Sometimes love is like a keratin hair treatment: it might be flat and limp at first and you're all regretful and why did I do this again? but then when you've taken enough showers and sort of worn down all the buildup everything becomes quite lovely and manageable for awhile and you're glowing and telling all your friends until it kind of fades and slowly the effects wear off unless you go spend some money getting it fixed every couple of months or so.
Oh, sorry, I was just trying my hand at writing like Lois Smith Brady, whose featured Vows column, about the marriage of Paul Mitchell's son Angus to a former Vidal Sassoon employee, Michelle Raab, includes the following turns of phrase:
• He looks like someone who could break your heart so bad, it would have split ends.
• At his salon, Angus M, hugs are like mints: offered when you walk in and when you leave.
• She insisted they forget the kiss—make it vanish like gray hair.
• Mr. Regidor went on to describe love in a way that made it sound like a rich conditioner, something that heals and takes the tangles and difficulties out of life.
• He has [his wealth] now, but views it as temporary, like a wave.*
*Assuming on this last one. Who even gets a wave anymore!?
The story of Raab and Mitchell is nice enough, but between that and "they were married in Hilo on Mr. Mitchell's macadamia-nut farm," I am, like a silently texting girl in the salon chair, too distracted to talk about it.
There were, in general, three threads running through a fair amount of the wedding announcements this weekend: Trinity, teachers, and Maine. (French-braid those together and you've got the New York Times' favorite hairsty— okay, okay, I'll stop.)
Lucy Leuders-Booth and Duc Nguyen have two of three attributes: their wedding was held in Deer Isle, Maine, and the bride is a second grade teacher. (Her dad was a teacher as well: of photography, at Harvard.) Nguyen is an illustrator, under the first name Duke, of children's books including "Herbert Hilligan and His Magical Lunchbox," which I would now like to read. Without spoiling their announcement, I'll just say that I find the whole ring thing a little bit awkward?
Also married in Maine were Abigail Povich, whose father is a state representative candidate there, and Scott Weinstein. The pair met on Match.com. ("'I winked at him first and he emailed me the next day,' she said." Povich, the "senior manager of the book clubs division of Scholastic" had only been on the site a few days, while Weinstein, SNL's "Weekend Update" producer, fed up with the site, was making his date with her his last. It was.
Rebecca Whidden and Christopher Rogers have their own ties to Maine. She is the step-grandaughter of "the abstract painter and sculptor George Ortman, who lives in Castine, Me." while he owns a boat building shop in Penobscott and will next month become a member of the team "building Puma Ocean Racing's 2011 sailboat entry in the Volvo Ocean Race." (He'd previously helped build the boat that won the 2010 America's Cup.)
Trinity brides include Lindsay Dorrance, a Columbia University fundraiser who married T.J. Ortenzi, the besideburned associate news editor for the Huffington Post, as well as Susan O'Hare, who met her husband Alasdair McBarnet at a 2006 Halloween party where he "act[ed] the part of a drunken pirate" while she was a construction worker. Befitting a graduate from Camp Trin Trin, the two met over a bowl of grain-infused jungle juice. And then there's Kathleen Milnamow, who works for Teach for America … where she "assisted managers in performance reviews for staff members." Oh.
Milnamow may not qualify for the teacher trend yet — she is starting as a seventh grade teacher soon — but Danielle Tobias already does: she teaches first grade. Jennifer Deal oversees fourth, and Amanda Weicker is "an instructional aide at the Las Vegas Day School." Your guess is as good as mine as for what that even means, but hey! Her grandpa was a governor AND a senator!
Then we have Avery Eyre, a former college squash player who taught second grade "until June," a month before marrying her boyfriend-from-Dartmouth, Benjamin Lovejoy. He, notes the announcement blankly, "is a defenseman for the Pittsburgh Penguins of the National Hockey League." Their meet-cute story is worth the read: "Ben casually offered to help her move in, and when they were finished he offered to take her out Molly's where Ben would buy the then underage Avery as many margaritas as she could handle..." I like the honesty! Ben and Avery sound fun!
Emma Mittelstaedt and James Burnham met at school too: the University of Chicago law school, where she graduated with honors and he with high honors. This nugget from their announcement is a new one: "Dr. Frank R. Parrish, a minister of the International Church of the Foursquare Gospel and an uncle of the bridegroom, officiated." Church of the Foursquare Gospel? Man, Dennis Crowley really HAS hit it big.
Emily Lucas and Joseph Turilli could have met at Harvard, but despite having "the same big group of friends" they never did meet each other until one fateful night in New York, a night which is painstakingly sketched out for us by writer John Harney:
Their first formal meeting took place shortly before Christmas at the birthday party of a mutual friend.
Oddly, Mr. Turilli said, that was the second of two parties they both attended that night. Ms. Lucas "had left by the time I got there to the first party," he said, adding that by the time he turned up at the second party, she had been there awhile.
They then ran into each other at two more parties later that week. "We were bound to meet at some point," Ms. Lucas said.
So you were, so you were. Fun game: if you replace "parties" with "Starbucks" then you've got this scene:
Elsewhere this weekend: a South African man moved to the US to choose his future bride over the Croatian rowing team; a couple proves what I always say, which is: fourth bride's a charm! ; Gayley Morris Woolston is keeping her name, which upsets me because come on, Gayley Woolston Piepmeier would have been dope; though not as dope as the groom who goes by Bass Bassin; and finally, the announcement for Edward Farley and Matthew Horowitz contained this gem:
He is the son of Sylvia Horowitz and Barry Horowitz of Wilton, Conn. The bride's mother is an independent nutritionist, yoga teacher, and personal trainer. His father works in Manhattan as a vice president and the general merchandize manager for Girl Scouts of USA.
I was so busy relishing the part about the Girl Scouts — miss you, knee-highs with tassels and beanies — that I completely missed what the NYT Picker, um, picked up on: that Horowitz here is described as "the bride!" I thought maybe this was a fabulous little commentary on heteronormative gender assignments within the wedding-industrial complex, but nope!
This article has been revised to reflect the following correction:
Correction: July 18, 2010
An earlier version of this announcement misidentified Sylvia Horowitz. She is the mother of Mr. Horowitz.
Oh my. Tough one, dolls. It... will make for a funny story?
Today's face-off is a little unconventional; I am pitting against each other one couple who got married this weekend with a couple who got married a few weeks ago (I never covered the latter because of technical difficulties at the Gawker Media mothership.)
Why? Because here: THE BATTLE OF THE GOAT CHEESE.
Lora Elizabeth Smith and Joseph Daniel Schroeder
• The couple was married "at Celebrity Dairy, the goat farm and dairy where they both live, in Siler City, NC": +1
• The wedding picture features a freaking GOAT and is taken in front of hay bales: +5
• The bride "cares for a herd of 60 goats and makes cheese from their milk": +1
• The wedding was officiated by a Presbyterian priest: +1
• The bride is "also involved in publicity and bookings for "Deep Down," a public television documentary about coal mining: +1
• The bride graduated magna cum laude from NYU and is completing a master's in folklore (!) at UNC: +3
• The groom manages grants for projects on NC farms: +1
• "When they met in 2008 at a conference in Monteagle, Tenn., Ms. Smith and Mr. Schroeder were both community organizers in Kentucky": +2
Louisa Katherine Conrad and Lucas Andrew Farrell
• Not to be a total creeper but I have to admit, I happen to have been subscribed to their incredibly jealousy-inspiring blog on Tumblr for some time now and I just lovelovelove it: +2
• "The couple met in 2000 at Middlebury College, from which they graduated": +1
• "Until last month, [they] were apprentice goat-cheese makers at Blue Ledge Farm in Salisbury, VT": +1
• The bride is an artist who specializes in photography and drawing and the groom is a poet ("his manuscript 'The Many Woods of Grief' won the 2010 Juniper Prize for Poetry"): +1
• The bride received her MFA from the California Institute of the Arts and the groom his MFA from the University of Montana: +2
• The bride's father retired as senior partner at Davis Polk and is now "a full-time painting student at the New York Studio School in New York": +1
• The bride's father is a member of the standing committee of the Episcopal Diocese of NY: +1
• The bride's mother is a president of a nonprofit environmental coalition in Bedford, NY: +1
• The groom's mother is a staff nurse at Ferry Beach Ecology School in Saco, Maine and his father is the director of the Kaohsiung American School: +1
• "After the wedding, they plan to move to Brattleboro, VT where they hope to start a goat farm. Their wedding registry includes goats and farming equipment. They said that they have received a 10-gallon milk can and three pledges of goats so far. They're also working on starting a tractor fund." +5
TOTAL: 16 Baaaazel-tov, you foxy farmers.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
copper alloy (Scope note)
The term 'copper alloy' should be searched for full retrievals on objects made of bronze or brass. This is because bronze and brass have at times been used interchangeably in the old documentation, and copper alloy is the Broad Term of both. In addition, the public may refer to certain collections by their popular name, such as 'The Benin Bronzes' most of which are actually made of brass. The term 'copper alloy' is used in preference to 'billon' (in both Description and Materials) in records for Roman coins.


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This is a question I've been thinking about for some time now.
And when I saw a cartoon pic in one of the discussions here, it reminded me of this question and decided to post this thread. (Sorry if it's repeated, I didn't really check)
If we invented many things that help us live our lives and do our jobs much easier, will that make us evolve backwards to the point where we lose some of our naturally selected organs that give us some abilities?
I know that all of us won't witness it if it happens but I'm just wondering!
Views: 666
I don't know about the percentage but yes I know it's a large one!
We have an "Islamic" university!! Specialized in Islamic studies. (Imam University)
But also there is a new university less than 2 years old (KAUST), specialized in science and technology. So I hope this will increase the percentage of degrees in other studies. I also hope that science in this university is not 'Islamized'.
Evolution doesn't work like that. There is no 'backward', like we become more primitive. We improve. That's what evolution is about-- adaption.
An interesting theory I used to discuss with a friend was that we could, a long, LONG time from now, evolve into something like Greys. With the continued use of technology replacing our normal mobility and activity, we may evolve:
Longer, thinner fingers to deal better with fine circuitry and because we would have no need for more robust, stronger fingers when we are no longer hunting.
Larger, more complex eyes that absorb more light or perhaps more of the light spectrum beyond what we can currently see (an interesting tidbit: flowers that appear plain yellow or red to us are actually sometimes colored on the ultraviolet spectrum, where we can't see-- that is, bees and other insects don't see that plain yellow or red flower, they may see a white flower with a bright 'runway' pattern to help guide them in to feed on nectar in the center).
A smaller nose, and our olfactory senses may dull further (it's already known we used to smell much better than we do now; we have certain olfactory nerves that are vestigial/useless because we have no need for them anymore, since we're not out in the wild hunting and gathering all the time) because we will be in more lab-like environments that require sight more than smell-- and the same thing may happen to our ears, becoming smaller on the outside because we do not have to hear as far for any type of survival.
Our skin color may dull to very pale tone by default when we gradually get less and less sun as a species.
We may lose muscle tone and become very lithe / stringy types of people with no need to be strong anymore, when technology does everything for us.
Movies that touch on how easily this could come to fruition are things like 'Surrogate', where people lay all day in a sort of bed and allow their surrogate to live for them. 'Wall-E', where everyone is guided around their duties by chairs and technology gets them ready every day, so they needn't lift a finger (although they're depicted as obese, I have a feeling that the human race may adapt to need LESS food, instead of more; it's possible we would consume dehydrated food much like astronauts, a possibility observed in older 'futuristic' movies where there were instant dinners in the future world).
Just a thought!
The point is more or less that evolution does not occur in reverse, but only moves forward. If we re-adopt traits we used to have, it would be because they became useful again, which does not mean 'evolving backward' by any means.
I know what you mean.
But when I said "backwards" I didn't mean re-adopting previous traits, of course if they come back then that means we need them. What I meant was losing some 'current' traits to technology without adopting any new or old ones! And if the needed technology is not supplied in that time for some reason, this could severely affect the survival of the human species.
If that happened, then humans didn't lose those traits because of "natural" selection, they lost it because of "technological" substitutes. Nature do require those traits and we lost them!
I think describing it as "backwards" is wrong, sorry!
An interesting theory I used to discuss with a friend was that we could, a long, LONG time from now, evolve into something like Greys. With the
continued use of technology replacing our normal mobility and activity,
we may evolve:
Interesting list. Yet, while we may indeed evolve traits that were selected against in the past (like poor olfactory senses), I think it's much less likely we ever evolve beneficial traits, such as wide-spectrum vision. These mutations themselves may indeed occur, but as long as we kindly take care of our maladapted and allow them to contribute to the gene pool, it's unlikely they're ever selected for in a significant way.
That is, unless we find a way to genetically modify humans on a grand scale, but that would be artificial, rather than natural evolution. Plus, it would require a major societal change to sell: eugenism has a rather bad rep at the moment.
Yes. Although it is fanciful, the movie presents the scenario that we should be worried about.
The problem currently facing humanity from an evolutionary standpoint is that humanity has created conditions where the only significant factor facing us and affecting (;-)) our evolution is ourselves. It seems to me that the two primary questions concerning whether or not a person reproduces are 1. Can he or she adequately find a way to deal with the mob, and 2. Does he or she choose to reproduce and how often.
Clearly, this is not a situation that bodes well for outliers on the intelligence spectrum.
I don't know what to do about this, but I do think it's a problem.
There is no forward or backward direction to evolution. Evolution is the generational adaptation of species to specific environments and natural phenomena.
The idea that evolution is moving "forward" implies that there is some distant point in the future that evolution is striving for or that there are certain biological characteristics that evolution is striving for. That simply isn't the case.
It doesn't matter if we are "strong" or "weak" or if we are "smart" or dumb" or any other subjectively valued human construct. All that matters to evolution is how successful one is at passing his/her genes on to the future generations. If, for some reason, the weak and stupid are better at passing on their genes (as appears to be the case in our society) then the "forward" direction of evolution will be toward a dumber, weaker species. But it won't be evolution in reverse or going backwards because that doesn't really make any sense from the perspective of evolutionary theory.
Well as I replied to Ava before, describing it as a "backward" evolution was wrong. Sorry again!
But does evolving to a weaker species that may not survive nature considered not improving to what the nature needs?
You can read my reply to Ava here in this discussion to understand what I 'wrongly' described as a "backward" evolution.
Sorry, I didn't read through all of the comments here and I'm sure more than a few people pointed out the "backwards evolution" error.
The idea of a evolving to a "weaker species" doesn't really make sense either. The individuals who are better at passing on their genes are the ones who drive evolution. If they are physically weaker or intellectually weaker or creatively weaker it only matters so far as it affects their ability to survive. And of course, their survival and the duration of their survival directly relates to their reproductive fitness. So evolution tends to weed out the "weak" through natural selection anyway.
But overall, evolution is only concerned with what works better and what doesn't work as well at allowing individuals to pass on their genes to future generations. If for some reason more girls dig stupid, scrawny guys who can't lift a pencil to write a love poem then those guys are the evolutionary winners in a society where we are not in danger of dying from such characteristics.
However, there are plenty of circumstances in which the reproductive success of a species could result in its demise. Take humans for example. We have been so good at passing on our genes to the next generation that we have overpopulated the planet and now stand at the precipice of our own extinction because of it. By that I mean we very well may kill this planet and barring anywhere else to go will likely all die too. How's that motivation for successfully passing on your genes?
(I must disclaim intimate familiarity with how evolution works)
It seems to me that, since many humans with genetic "flaws" live full lives and reproduce, humanity might diverge into many different evolutionary directions. The "weak" or, rather, unfavorable genes that at one time would die out with their human now get passed on thanks to our uniquely strong ability to survive.


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Vail Daily letter: Don't blame GOP for fiscal cliff
Vail, CO, Colorado
I hope everyone, especially the liberals who voted for Obama, have been paying attention to the looming "fiscal cliff."
As it stands now, everyone will be getting hit with higher taxes Jan. 1. Obama and the Democrats did a great job waging class warfare during the election and tricking the naive voters that "the rich" need to pay more taxes. The reality is that everyone is going to be considered rich after Jan. 1.
The current tax rates are 10, 15, 28, 33 and 35 percent. The more you make, the higher your rate (despite what the liberals want you to believe.) After Jan. 1, the new rates will be: 15, 25, 28, 36 and 39.6 percent. Yep, you read that right, everyone is getting a tax increase!
Sadly, the facts are that Republicans are like the nerd who sits in the back of the class that everyone just loved to make fun of. The GOP warned America what the Democrats had in store for them and were demonized, ridiculed and spit on for even bringing facts to the discussion.
Make sure you look at your paycheck after the new year, and be sure to send Obama and the liberals a thank-you note for your reduced take-home pay.
Then brace yourself, married couples are going to get hit even harder, and the liberals haven't even begun to stick their hands in your pockets to pay for Obamacare yet.
Karl Lundgren
Punto de vista de los jóvenes
Vail Vida Latina es una colaboración que empezó entre el Vail Daily y los alumnos y maestros de Edwards Elementary School y Battle Mountain High School, con la misión de unir a las comunidades del valle. Todos los viernes, no se pierda el Vail Daily en la página C1 para ver noticias de la comunidad, artículos y eventos en español.


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The Great Crossover Potential
How many times have we heard another Band saying they're 'Big in Japan'?...
HOW MANY TIMES HAVE WE HEARD AN Other Band saying they're 'Big in Japan'? A lot, frankly. And The Yellow Monkey are no different: "We're really big in Japan," they say. Cleverly, though, they say it in Japanese, because they are actually [I]from [/I]Japan. Beat that, Shampoo!
'Punch Drunkard' is their seventh album. The last (and first commercially available in the UK) was called 'Sicks' because it was their sixth album. They number four and they have big hair, loud clothes and huge guitars because they like their rock to be hysterically, slobberingly over-the-top.
So this is remedial rawk with a side order of weirdness thanks to the fact that all but four of these 14 tracks have Japanese titles. One of the English tracks is called 'Sugar Fix'. During it, Kazuya Yoshii sings – apropos his 'Sugar Fix', aka his bay-beee – "[I]There's nothing that my dental hygienist could say that would make me cut down[/I]", and the lad has a point.
He also has a way of wailing and roaring which, when aligned to his fellow Monkeys' sturdy metal dynamics, can get rather wearing after a few hours of headbanging argy bargy.
Mind you, track 12 is brilliant, a high-velocity glam workout which incorporates roughly 17 tunes and leaps out of nowhere (ie, near the end), which means that 'Punch Drunkard' sounds absolutely fantastic. Once.


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Hemmer falsely claims CRU emails show scientists hiding "evidence of a decline in global temperatures"
Research ››› ››› TOM ALLISON
During the December 3 edition of Fox News' America's Newsroom, Bill Hemmer falsely claimed that "recently leaked emails reveal that scientists use, quote, 'tricks' to hide evidence of a decline in global temperatures over the past, say, few decades." In fact, the email in question discussing hiding the decline refers to efforts to account for unreliable tree ring data, but instrumental temperature data do not show a "decline in global temperatures," as Hemmer claimed; moreover, the email Hemmer cited was written 10 years ago, immediately after the warmest year on record.
Hemmer: "Recently leaked emails reveal that scientists use, quote, 'tricks' to hide evidence of a decline in global temperatures"
From the December 3 edition of Fox News' America's Newsroom:
HEMMER: Have you followed this story? Republican lawmakers now demanding the White House halt efforts to combat global warming until the controversy is resolved. Recently leaked emails reveal that scientists use, quote, "tricks" to hide evidence of a decline in global temperatures over the past, say, few decades. In a letter to the Environmental Protection Agency, lawmakers writing, in quoting now: "The answers to each of these questions are of great importance. The suggestion that these scientists prevented the dissemination, peer review, and publication of dissenting views is particularly alarming." We're going to have more on that next hour. [America's Newsroom, 12/3/09]
"Decline" in email -- written 10 years ago after warmest year on record -- does not refer to actual global temperatures
"Decline" refers to unreliable tree ring data, not actual global temperatures. In a November 26 article, The Morning Call of Allentown, Pennsylvania, reported that Penn State scientist Michael Mann -- whose "trick" was referenced in the email Hemmer cited -- "said his trick, or 'trick of the trade,' for the Nature chart was to combine data from tree-ring measurements, which record world temperatures from 1,000 years ago until 1960, with actual temperature readings for 1961 through 1998" because "scientists have discovered that, for temperatures since 1960, tree rings have not been a reliable indicator." Jones has also stated that it is "well known" that tree ring data "does not show a realistic trend of temperature after 1960," and the CRU has said that "[t]he 'decline' in this set of tree-ring data should not be taken to mean that there is any problem with the instrumental temperature data." In a November 20 post, RealClimate.org's staff, which is comprised of several working climate scientists, including Mann, similarly stated:
As for the 'decline', it is well known that Keith Briffa's maximum latewood tree ring density proxy diverges from the temperature records after 1960 (this is more commonly known as the "divergence problem"-see e.g. the recent discussion in this paper) and has been discussed in the literature since Briffa et al in Nature in 1998 (Nature, 391, 678-682). Those authors have always recommend not using the post 1960 part of their reconstruction, and so while 'hiding' is probably a poor choice of words (since it is 'hidden' in plain sight), not using the data in the plot is completely appropriate, as is further research to understand why this happens.
Jones' email written 10 years ago, after warmest year on record and prior to warmest decade. Hemmer's claim that the emails show efforts to "hide evidence of a decline in global temperatures over the past, say, few decades" is undermined by the fact that Jones' email was sent in 1999, following the warmest year on record, 1998. Jones sent the email November 16, 1999. According to the UK's Met Office Hadley Center, 1998 was the warmest year globally. Moreover, eight of the 10 warmest years on record have occurred this decade, and the 20 warmest years have occurred since 1981.
- Posted In
- Environment & Science, Climate Change
- Network/Outlet
- Fox News Channel
- Person
- Bill Hemmer
- Show/Publication
- America's Newsroom
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it4power, Zug (CH)
it4power is a consulting company to the power industry. Our focus is the use of information technology to create the smarter grid. Substation automation and IEC 61850 are key elements.
Continuing the experience and reputation as an independent IEC 61850 and Smart Grid specialist consultancy established since 2005, the new name in 2010 reflects our core activity around the use of IT technology for the power industry. Christoph Brunner as the CEO already has 15 years experience with IEC 61850 as the convenor of the IEC 61850 working group responsible for creating and maintaining the standard.
Our services that are your key for a successful entrance to the new area of the electric grid are based on the following four components:
- Consulting
- Training
- Specification
- Realization
Through our network of partners around the world, we can assemble a global team of experts that fit your specific needs. Our customers are located in all parts of the world.
Christoph Brunner (1958) received his MSc in Electrical Engineering from the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich / Switzerland, 1982. His major areas of expertise cover Utility automation systems from control centres down to the switchgear based on the experience with the development of systems for the communication between control centres and substations and System architectures for substation automation. One core competence is data communication for utility automation. Mr. Brunner is an active member of various professional societies such as IEC, Cigré and the IEEE. As such he participates in: Swiss National Committee for TC 57 – SEV TK 57, IEC TC 57, WG 10 (convenor), WG 17, 18 and 19, IEC TC 57, SPAG, IEEE-PES and IEEE-SA, IEEE-PES-PSRC a.o. He is author of 40 international publications.


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We're at the end of busuu Go, our month of motivation. So here's a handy summary of all the tips from our busuu Go blog posts – follow these to see your language skills improve in 2014!
Love your learning
- Be positive: believe in yourself, take control of your learning and aim high!
- Set yourself goals, such as how much you want to learn and for how long you want to study each week.
- Track your progress to easily see if you're on track or whether you need to work harder to meet your targets!
- Read the full post 'Love learning with busuu Go'.
Make the most of feedback
- Notice the differences between how you use a language and how native speakers use it. You'll learn faster!
- Feedback is a great way to notice these differences. It helps update our own understanding of a language.
- Pay attention to what other users say about your exercises to really see improvements in your new skills.
- Read the full post 'Make the most of your feedback'.
Enjoy a well-deserved reward!
- At busuu, we give busuu-berries and gifts for your garden to reward you for all your language learning.
- For the best chance of success, set realistic goals. You'll be more motivated if you know they are manageable.
- Premium members get a busuu certificate for all their hard work when they achieve a completed level.
- If you set your own goals, you can also set your own rewards!
- Read the full post 'You deserve a reward'.
Experience lots of benefits
- Understand other cultures, solve problems more easily and boost your brain power!
- Speaking a second language can help you work more effectively with colleagues or classmates.
- It can help you progress with a job promotion, or even support you in a completely new career.
- Grow in confidence as you travel through your language-learning journey and achieve your personal goals.
- You'll also make lots of new friends from around the world along the way!
- Read the full post 'Learn a language for lots of benefits'.
Last chance for 20% off Premium
Stay motivated for the rest of the year! Why not make the most of our helpful tips and achieve your language-learning goals in 2014 by upgrading to Premium Membership?
As part of busuu Go, we're offering a huge 20% discount until 31 January – upgrade now before it expires!
Has busuu Go got you going?
Have you already started using some of our motivational tips? Let us know in the comments! Don't forget: you can also follow busuu on Twitter, Facebook and Google+ for more motivation!


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City Budget Office Ben Noble, Director
|About Us | Contact Us
|Budget Archives
|Economic Updates
|Inflation - Consumer Price Index
|Budget Process Overview
2010-2015 Adopted Capital Improvement Program
Following is the entire text of the 2010-2015 Adopted Capital Improvement Program. Specific department budgets are located within various sections, such as "Culture and Recreation." To make it easier to locate a specific department's projects within a section, the department listings below include the page at the beginning of that department's portion of the section. The CIP files are in Portable Document File (.pdf) format which can be opened and read using the free Adobe Acrobat Reader.
You will need the free Adobe Acrobat Reader to read the budget files.
Entire 2010-2015 Adopted CIP (as one 4,481 kb pdf file)
APPENDIX, p. 819
GLOSSARY, p. 841
Last updated: February 26, 2010


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Localization is the process of adapting software to meet the requirements of local markets and different languages. Internationalization is the process of designing an application so that it can be adapted to various languages and regions without engineering changes. Localized applications should reflect correct cultural and linguistic conventions that the target market uses. Localization and internationalization make it possible for you to create a localized version of your software.
BlackBerry devices are sold all over the world and BlackBerry device applications are translated into over 30 languages, including languages that are not based on a Latin alphabet. Some BlackBerry devices also feature a localized keyboard. Early in the design process, consider whether your application might require localization. If your application does not require localization now, consider designing your application so that it would be easy to localize it in the future. Be aware that even if your application might not be localized, some users might want to type text in other languages in your application.
Best practice: Designing applications for different languages and regions
Guidelines for layout
Leave enough space in your UI for translated text. The height and the width of
text might expand when translated from English to other languages. For labels
and other short text strings, prepare for up to 200% expansion. For lengthy text
(more than 70 characters), prepare for up to 40% expansion. Where possible,
place labels above the associated field. Leave blank space at the end of each
- Try to avoid displaying truncated text. The meaning might be unclear to users if the most important text does not appear. First, try to reduce the size of the text. If you reduce the size but you cannot read the text easily, try wrapping the text onto two lines instead. If you cannot wrap the text, consider using an abbreviation. Otherwise, use an ellipsis (...) to indicate that the text is truncated and provide a tooltip.
- Consider the font size for languages that use diacritics. Languages that use diacritics, such as Thai, require more vertical space. The diacritics are smaller than characters and might not appear clearly if the font size is small. Thai has stackable diacritics that might increase the vertical spread of a string and exceed the pixel height of the font size.
- For
languages that are displayed from right to left, make sure that the UI is a
mirror image of the English UI. For example, in Hebrew, the label for a
drop-down list is displayed to the right of the list and the drop-down arrow is
displayed to the left of the list. Make sure that UI components align along the
appropriate side of the screen based on the direction of the language. For
example, in English, a leading component aligns along the left side of the
screen. In Arabic, a leading component aligns along the right side of the
- Provide options for the direction that text appears in. In some languages, such as Arabic and Hebrew, text is displayed from right to left but numbers and words in other languages are displayed from left to right. For example, users might type most words in Arabic (this text needs to appear from right to left) but they type passwords in English (this text needs to appear from left to right).
- Make arrangements for displaying the position of a contact's title, full name, and address on a per-language basis. These items display in a different order, depending on the language (for example, title, first name, last name, or last name, first name, title). In some countries, the zip/postal code can appear before the name of the city and contain letters as well as numbers.
- If users have the option to change display languages, display the name of the language in that language. For example, display "Italiano" instead of "Italian."
- Test translated UI to verify the layout of the UI.
- During testing, type a pangram in the target language. A pangram is a sentence that uses each character in the alphabet. Pangrams are useful because they include diacritics that can appear above, below, or beside a character.
Guidelines for color and graphics
- Be aware that colors, graphics, and symbols can have different meanings in different cultures. If you are designing an application for a specific market, carefully consider the cultural implications of your design choices.
- Avoid text and numbers in icons and images because they require localization.
- If you include graphics in your application, make sure that the graphics are localized. For example, in Arabic, question mark icons are mirror images of question mark icons used in English.
- Include tooltips for all icons. Even within one culture, some icons might not be recognized by everyone.
- Avoid using national flags to identify languages, user IDs, or countries. Use text instead.
Best practice: Coding for different languages and regions
- Store text strings in separate resource files and and use unique identifiers (string IDs) for each text string.
- Avoid concatenating partial strings to form a sentence. When translated, the strings might not produce a logical sentence. Create a new string for the sentence instead.
- Avoid using variables in place of nouns (for example, "The <X> is locked."). Instead, create a specific string for each noun (for example "The screen is locked." and "The keypad is locked."). Even if the sentence appears correctly in English, in some languages, if a noun is singular or plural and masculine or feminine, the rest of the string might need to change. Only use variables for strings that can only be known at runtime (for example, file names).
- Avoid making part of a sentence into a link. When translated, the words in the link might appear in a grammatically incorrect order. For example, use "For more information, click the following link: <link>" instead of "Click on <link> for more information."
- Avoid using a common string if the context of usage differs. Depending on the context, a word could require different translations. For example, the word "new" might require a different translation depending on the gender of the noun.
- Avoid hard-coding spaces, punctuation marks, and words. Include these items in translatable strings instead. This approach allows translators to make changes according to the rules for each language.
- Avoid hard-coding strings of any kind, including weekdays and weekends. Verify that the start of the week matches the convention for each locale.
Guidelines for numbers
- Make arrangements for singular and plural nouns on a per-language basis. Nouns in some languages can have one form for both singular and plural, one form for singular and another form for plural (for example, "1 day" and "2 days"), or multiple forms, depending on the number of items (for example, one item, two items, a few items, and many items).
- Avoid hard-coding number separators. For example, 1,234.56 appears in United States English but 1 234,56 appears in French.
- Avoid hard-coding the number of digits between separators. For example, 123,456,789.00 appears in the United States but 12,34,56,789.00 appears in India.
- Avoid hard-coding the display of negative numbers. For example, negative numbers can appear as -123, 123-, (123), or [123].
- Provide options for currencies. For example, currencies can appear as $12.34, 12,34€, or 12€34. In addition, some currency symbols require more space.
- Verify that numbers, measurements, dates, and time formats reflect the locale of your users.
Best practice: Writing for different languages and regions
- Include subjects where possible. For example, use "the list that appears when you type" instead of "the list that appears when typing."
- Include articles where possible. For example, use "press the Escape key" instead of "press Escape."
- Use relative pronouns where possible. For example, use "the email address that you use" instead of "the email address you use."
- Use terms consistently throughout the UI and try to use terms that are consistent with other applications on the BlackBerry device. Using consistent terms improves the accuracy of the translations.
- Avoid using slang, idioms, jargon, colloquialisms, and metaphors in your UI . These terms can be difficult for translators to translate and for users to understand.
- Avoid references to ethnicity, religion, culture, and gender.
- For references to countries, use the political name of each country. For example, use "People's Republic of China" instead of "Mainland China."
- Verify that translated text uses local language conventions where possible.
Got questions about leaving a comment? Get answers from our Disqus FAQ.comments powered by Disqus


text:
American Dynamics >
Fixed Cameras AD > American Dynamics ADCD200-D0001 - Discover 200 3in Mini Dome
American Dynamics ADCD200-D0001 - Discover 200 3" Mini Dome
The Discover 200 Series Mini-Dome offers models to suit all applications and budgets. For businesses that are commodity-driven and cost-sensitive, the 200 Series offers a powerful price/performance ratio.
All cameras offer backlight compensation (BLC), automatic gain control (AGC), auto iris and automatic white balance.
The Discover 200 Series Mini-Domes are the ideal choice for budget-conscious customers requiring high resolution images and accurate color rendition.
The 3 inch Mini-Dome features a quality vari-focal, auto iris lens, and a wall or ceiling mount. A 3-axis gimbal gives a full 60° pan and rotate, and 90° of tilt. The 4 inch version has an auto-sensing 12VDC/24VAC power input and can be fitted to a selection of mounting accessories. These cameras are extremely reliable, easy-to-install, and designed for use in a wide variety of applications.
These cameras are ideally suited for areas where high performance in a mixture of lighting conditions is required.
Product Downloads
Bulk CCTV Store
41W195 Railroad Street, Unit A
Pingree Grove, IL 60140


text:
1) Download custom.zip2) Replace the icons ,bmp and rc4.key file with your own version++Bmp need to be a windows bitmap, max colors 256, size 196x181 (16colors --> smaller size)icons, standard window icons only 32x32 standard is neededThe bigger the icons and bmp are, the bigger the final result, the final result is 166k + compressed zip fileSAME NAMES MUST BE USED.....logo.bmp icon1.ico icon2.ico3) Replace the rc4.key with your own version or remove the rc4.key if you don't wish to use encryptionTo create your own key you need the normal UltraVnc version and dsmplugin.The config button of the dsmplugin allow you to create another key.SAME NAMES MUST BE USED..... rc4.key4) Helpdesk.txt info, see below
5)Color background:You can add a color background by adding a file background.bmp to the zip fileSize 1x283, this bmp is stretch as backgroundSample 1, Sample 2, Sample 3, Sample 46) Create a zip File from the files you want to customizeminimum: helpdesk.txtmaximum helpdesk.txt rc4.key icon1.ico icon2.ico logo.bmp background.bmpMYCOMPANY.zip or jsdgf654324f.zipUse something unique, else 2 custom versions could get mixedDON'T use .(dot) in the name: sample WWW.XXX.zip7) Click Creator in left panellogin: foopassword:foobar
The [PARAMETER TAG] take 0,1 or 2 lines as input
The [HOST]Line 1: Visible part in selectorLine 2: startup command line-connect ip:port Viewer ip and port-noregistry :needed for SC-plugin : Use encryption, need to be before -connect-id id : The id used for repeater connection, -connect is in that case the repeater ip port
[TITLE]UltraVnc SC[HOST]Internet support-connect 192.168.1.102:5500 -noregistry[HOST]Internet support encryption-plugin -connect 192.168.1.102:5500 -noregistry[TEXTTOP]Dubble Click to make a connection[TEXTMIDDLE]Before making a connection[TEXTBOTTOM]Please Call 56 576896 to get your ticket[TEXTRBOTTOM](empty to clean line)[TEXTRMIDDLE]Kasteelpleinstraat 56[TEXTRTOP]Ultravnc PC support[TEXTCLOSEBUTTON]Close[TEXTBUTTON]More Info[WEBPAGE]http://www.ultravnc.net
[BALLOON1TITLE]Trying to connect[BALLOON1A]line 1[BALLOON1B]line 2[BALLOON1C]line 3[BALLOON2TITLE]Connected to[BALLOON2A]line test1[BALLOON2B]line test2[BALLOON2C]line test3[DIRECT]Balloon1 = While trying to connectBalloon2 = During connectionIf you add [DIRECT] and only have 1 [HOST] defined, the menu is not shownand the connection is direct started. (can be useful for scripting)[DIRECT] doesn't have a parameter line
[ENTERCODE]Enter Your ID[DEBUG][DEBUG] opens a console window with debug info[ENTERCODE] This is used when you specify 1 [HOST] and use -id xxxxxxIn this case the standard menu is skipped and xxxxx is ignored, a input windowis opened to let the user enter an id.Enter Your ID: Text that is shown on the enter.bmp [TEXTBUTTON] if not exist, button is removedCustom enter.bmp+keep same size+transparent color RGB(247,255,255)ONLY FOR SC III[HOST]Technical Support SSLPROXY-id 12345 -sslproxy -connect 220.127.116.11:443 -noregistry#192.168.1.101==repeater ip#SSL -> :443 needed
Create your own key to add to custom.zip-Open viewer: If you don't have the dsm plugin in the box, you need to copy the plugin to the viewer directory.
If you don't have the plugin on your system, the plugin can be downloaded from http://ftp.erm.tu-cottbus.de/ultravnc/Driver19/MSRC4Plugin.dsm-Select use DSMplugin-Click Config
-Generate a new key (Gen key). Use same path in all fields, this is more easy.+add the key to custom.zipDon't forget to add the "-plugin", see sample helpdesk.txt (second host label)
Starting Viewer with encryption key
To use encryption you need the start the viewer with following command linevncviewer -listen -dsmplugin MSRC4Plugin.dsm
In addition to the normal WinVNC command line parameters, WinVNC SC supports the following parameters:
-id number
-plugin plugin
-read only
-username username
-password password
EXE with your router's settings STEP by STEP. By Donald Muir (Dwalf)16 October 2005This document is use at your own risk.About:UltraVNC SC (Short for Single Click) is a remote support tool. With Ultr@VNC SC you need only setup a helpdesk.txt and your local router (There is no need to setup anything on the clients computer you intend to control), and in a few steps you will beadle to offer remote support to your clients. Many people today are opting to use Ultr@VNC for its powerful and useful place in the IT Support market. UltraVNC is protected by the GPL (General Public License). Ultr@VNC is also support by enthusiastic Internet community, meaning that no other company can match the ideas or influence and speed of development of UltraVNC, using cutting edge technology UltraVNC will be showing the in years to come.Index:Download Ultr@VNC SC custom.zip.Unpack the ZIP file in to a folder.Setting up your router to support Ultr@VNC SC.Configure the helpdesk.txt.Editing your company logo for EXEEditing your Icons with IconoMaker.Repack the files into a ZIP file.Compiling your ZIP file to a EXE file on-line.
Section 1:Download Ultr@VNC SC custom.zip buildsBefore you can start building your own Ultr@VNC SC support tools you will need to download thecustom.zip build from UltraVNC web site.1. Open Internet Explorer and in the address bar type in the FULL URL as indicated below.http://www.uvnc.com/docs/uvnc-sc/73-howto-create.html
2. On the bottom of this web page you will see a links. Click on the link How do you create yourown version as indicated below.3. On the new web page you towards the top of the page you will see a link called custom.zip.Click on the custom.zip link as indicated below.
4. After you had clicked on the custom.zip link you will be prompted to download. Click on theSAVE button.5. After clicking on SAVE you will be prompted to select a download location, ensure you folderpath is your desktop and click on SAVE to save the config.zip to your desktop.6. After downloading the file to your desktop you may be prompted to OPEN or CLOSE thedownload. For now we will just CLOSE the download.7. Congratulation's you have successfully downloaded the ULTR@VNC SC custom.zip.
Section 2:Unpack the ZIP file in to a made folder using 7-ZIP1. Before you start unpacking the compressed archive file(archive file = file with files inside) youmay need a program to do this with. There are many around on the market. Example 7-ZIP,WINRAR, WINZIP and Windows XP also has this function. For this illustration we will useWINRAR. You can download winrar from http://www.rarlab.com/download.htm2. On the desktop right click on custom.zip (mouse point must be on the file) on your desktop andclick on Extract to custom\.3. After extracting the files you will see a new folder on your desktop called CUSTOM.4. Double left click to open this folder and after opening this folder you will see the following files.5. Congratulation's you have successfully unpacked the files in a folder.
Section 3:Configure your Broadband Internet router to do PortForwarding.1. You only need setting up your router, there is no need to setup a clients router as Ultr@VNC SCdoes a look back connection out of their system.By default most routers are the gateway on your network and are mostly accessible via a HTTP (aweb page) to find your router you may need to ask your administrator or do the following. Clickon Windows START button and click on RUN.In the run bar type CMD as indicated below.You now will see the COMMAND PROMPT window, in the window type IPCONFIGand press the ENTER key on the keyboard when done. As you can see as indicated belowthe DEFAULT GATEWAY on this computer is 192.168.123.254
We now can enter the gateway into Internet Explorer's Address bar but still will need to find out what theport is (In most cases you need not put any port number at the end, just enter the GATEWAY ADDRESS),If you don't know you could run a port scanner to find where another HTTP server is running on yoursubnet. Or ask the person who had setup your router or read the documentation of the router or perhapsthe router came with software. On this router PORT 8080 was used so i will be enteringhttp://192.168.123.254:8080 into Internet Explorer's Address Bar as indicated below.2. After connecting to your router via a web page you will need to enter a Username andPassword. If your router has no Username and Password or still is using the defaultUsername and Password i suggest you change it to something secure before you find yourself hacked out of your router. When changing your password ensure you don't lockyourself out with mistakes, Most routers have a reset button what will reset to defaults butit does mean you will loose all your information and configuration on the router.
3. After you have connected to your router you will need to forward some PORTS todifferent computers on your LAN. What we are doing here is we are telling the router towatch for connection on certain ports on the Internet side (Ports are like Internet doors toyour network) and when it gets a connection from the Internet side (Connection comesfrom CLIENT Ultr@VNC SC program) it must send the connected PORT to a particularcomputer and PORT on your local network.Example:CLIENT SC (Helpdesk.txt directed) -> ROUTER WANIP:PORT (Port Forward)-> LANIP:PORT4. Here is a example DRAYTECH VIGOR 2600 Setup. You need to find the port forwardingsetting on this router it uses NAT to forward ports. On the router setup page click on NATSetup as indicated below.On the next page click on Configure Port Redirection Table.
You now will need to change the settings of the NAT PORT REDIRECTION TABLE window.Under Service Name enter anything you want.Under Protocol select TCPUnder Public Port (This is the Internet side Port) Enter the ports you'll use later in helpdesk.txtUnder Private IP Enter the IP Address of the computer give support to the client (This is thecomputer running VNCVIEWER Listen on your network)Under Private Port enter the port number (5500 is vncviewer's default port number) of thesupport computer running VNCVIEWER Listen on your network.Now lets look at a different router and its setup. For this Example we will use a SAFECOMMulti-Functional Wireless ADSL Router.Same as before we connect to the router via Internet Explorer and enter the Default Gateway asindicated below.
We now will need to enter a password only as this kind of router does not require a UsernameEnter your password and login to the router as indicated below.On this router you now will need to click on the Forwarding rules as indicated below and thenclick on the Virtual Server link.
On the Virtual Server link you will be able to do your port forwarding. As you can see with thistype of router you wont be able to select the local LANIP port and will only be able to PORT theentire PORT to the same port on the LANIP computer. This is not a problem becausevncviewer.exe can listen on different ports (default is 5500 unless changes in command line) onthe support computer. So on the support computer you would run vncviewer with the followingparameters. VNCVIEWER.EXE -LISTEN PORTExample: vncviewer.exe -listen 5502To setup port forwarding on this router enter as indicated below.Under Service Port enter the port the router should forward from the Internet side.Under Server IP enter the computer on the LAN where the PORT should be sent to.Under Protocol Type enter BOTH or TCPRemember to Enable the forwarded ports under Enable.There are many different router with different setups, most of them basically use the sametechnology in port forwarding. Below is a links from Ultr@VNC website for you to with morerouter setups to look at.routerconf.htmlIn some cases with older routers you cannot do Full NAT and you may want to look then atgetting a router what has a lot more functions, You can get really cheap good working routersfrom.http://www.ebuyer.com or http://www.ebuyer.co.ukNote you get two different kind of Broadband routers, one is a ADSL router with built in modemand the other is a Cable router, this is a router with no modem and has a RJ45 connection toconnect to to your Internet with.5. With Ultr@VNC SC using your Internet IP Address is not always a good idea. Many people donot have a static intranet IP Address and use a Dynamic Internet IP Address. (Dynamic IP is a IPwhat changes allot) If you do have a Static IP you could associate a Domain name to it, but in anycase many people opt to use a Dynamic DNS name because there are so many company's whomoffer these services for free.
Most routers today can automatically update Dynamic DNS service provides. Two Big Players inthis field is http://www.no-ip.com and http://www.dyndns.comAfter you had registered (use the free version) to one of these two provider you normally will begiven a certain number of certain domains names for free. Choose a domain name with a suppliedextension and keep the name professional. The Dynamic DNS service providers will delete youdomain if its not been used for a certain time period.
Lets look at the Draytek Routers Dynamic DNS Setup. On the Draytek main menu click on theDynamic DNS setup link to continue.On the Dynamic DNS Setup menu click on Enable Dynamic DNS Setup to enable this functionand then click on Index 1 to setup the Dynamic DNS account you have from NO-IP orDYNDNS. If you have more than one you can enter more in the other Index sections.On Account Index 1 you will again need to click on Enable Dynamic DNS Account.Under Provider select the Dynamic DNS provider you are using.Under Domain Name enter the domain name you chose and then the extension in the drop down.Under Login Name enter the username the Dynamic DNS provider gave you (normally email)Under Password enter the password the Dynamic DNS provider has give or you have chosen.
In some cases your router many not have a Dynamic DNS updater function, Both DynDNS andNO-IP have software you can install on your computer to update the domain to your InternetIP. (Very useful for dial up modems)You can download them here.DynDNShttp://www.dyndns.com/support/clients/NO-IPhttp://www.no-ip.com/downloads.php6. Congratulation's you have hopefully successfully understand port forwarding and have setupyour own router.
Section 4:Configure the helpdesk.txt1. You now will need to configure the helpdesk.txt. The helpdesk.txt tells winvnc where to connectto. Since this configuration is meant to run on the clients computer, the client computer (TheComputer you wish to control via remote connection) will need to know how to find yourvncviewer.exe running in -listen mode. To do this we need to tell the helpdesk.txt what InternetWAN IP to connect to and at what ports it will need to connect to (This is why we needed to doPORT Forwarding on your router).After the client has run the EXE they will see something similar to below. There is Two mainways of setting up the helpdesk.txt. One way as seen below where the client see multiple supportpeople and double clicks on the support person they wish or was asked to serve them another waywould be to create a EXE for each support person and use the [DIRECT] option, this will connectdirectly to the support person with out the clients intervention.Lets look at setting the helpdesk.txt to support multiple support people in one EXE.Open the HELPDESK.TXT in the CUSTOM folder on your desktop with notepad.OPTION1:[TITLE]-- You can change this section, it is displayed at the top of the EXE windowUltraVnc SC[HOST]-- This is the First Support person SectionSupport Person 1-- This is the Name of the First Support Person, you can change this to-connect 192.168.0.10:5500 -noregistry--This is the Router IP and PORT you forwarded to the FirstSupport Persons Computer on the router.[HOST]-- This is the Second Support person SectionSupport Person 2-- This is the Name of the Second Support Person, you can change this too-connect 192.168.0.11:5500 -noregistry--This is the Router IP and PORT you forwarded to theSecond Support Persons Computer on the router.[HOST]-- This is the Third Support person SectionSupport Person 3-- This is the Name of the Third Support Person, you can change this too-connect 192.168.0.12:5500 -noregistry--This is the Router IP and PORT you forwarded to theThird Support Persons Computer on the router.You can continue to add more Support people if you wantor less if you want[TEXTTOP]-- You can change allot of the TEXT to reflect your company info.Dubble Click to make a connection[TEXTMIDDLE]Before making a connection[TEXTBOTTOM]Please Call XXX XXX XXX to get your ticket[TEXTRBOTTOM](empty to clean line)[TEXTRMIDDLE]London UK[TEXTRTOP]Ultravnc PC support[TEXTCLOSEBUTTON]-- This TEXT is written on the CLOSE button and closes the EXEClose[TEXTBUTTON]-- This TEXT is written on the Info button and opens a web page.More Info[WEBPAGE]http://www.ultravnc.net[BALLOON1TITLE]-- This Balloons are little pop ups to inform clients on what ishappening, You can change them to if you need to.Establishing connection ...[BALLOON1A]5 min try period[BALLOON1B]If it fails, the software will remove himself[BALLOON1C]from your system.[BALLOON2TITLE]Connection active.[BALLOON2A]Warning, your desktop is remotely visible[BALLOON2B]You can break the connection any time[BALLOON2C]by using the close button[WEBPAGE]http://www.ultravnc.netWhen your done SAVE your edited file.OPTION 2:2. Let us look at the next option. The DIRECT option allows us to setup a EXE what will connectdirectly to single computer with the need of the client to click on anything. You will need to makea EXE for each of the support people.[TITLE]-- You can change this section, it is displayed at the top of the EXE windowUltraVnc SC[DIRECT]-- Here we add the [DIRECT] statement and note there is only one HOST nowYou cannot add more hosts as this will not work with the direct option[HOST]-- This is the First Support person Section and only oneSupport Person 1-- This is the Name of the First Support Person, not really needed anymore-connect 192.168.0.10:5500 -noregistry--This is the Router IP and PORT you forwarded to the FirstSupport Persons Computer on the router.[TEXTTOP]-- You can change allot of the TEXT to reflect your company info.Dubble Click to make a connection[TEXTMIDDLE]Before making a connection[TEXTBOTTOM]Please Call XXX XXX XXX to get your ticket[TEXTRBOTTOM](empty to clean line)[TEXTRMIDDLE]London UK[TEXTRTOP]Ultravnc PC support[TEXTCLOSEBUTTON]-- This TEXT is written on the CLOSE button and closes the EXEClose[TEXTBUTTON]-- This TEXT is written on the Info button and opens a web page.More Info[WEBPAGE]http://www.ultravnc.net[BALLOON1TITLE]-- This Balloons are little pop ups to inform clients on what ishappening, You can change them to if you need to.Establishing connection ...[BALLOON1A]5 min try period[BALLOON1B]If it fails, the software will remove himself[BALLOON1C]from your system.[BALLOON2TITLE]Connection active.[BALLOON2A]Warning, your desktop is remotey visible[BALLOON2B]You can break the connection any time[BALLOON2C]by using the close button[WEBPAGE]http://www.ultravnc.netWhen your done SAVE your edited file.3. Congratulation's you have successfully finished the helpdesk.txt
Section 5:Editing your company logo for the EXE1. You can customize your EXE by editing the FILE logo.bmp and placing your company on thelogo.bmp file. Put your logo on your EXE, open the CUSTOM folder and right click on thelogo.bmp2. By default Windows Pain will open, but you can use other editors as well to change the SCOnce the logo BMP file is open you can edit the image. By default the image is black and whiteto reduce the size of the EXE but you can add color by clicking on the IMAGE tab and selectingATTIBUTES. You can also add your own image as long as its the same size as the logo.bmp
3. On the ATTRIBUTES windows click on COLOR and then click OK.4. When your done editing your logo.bmp SAVE your file.5. You can also change the background of the EXE by editing the file background.bmp in theCUSTOM folder by following the same instructions as above.6. You also can get some free different colored samples on ULTR@VNC website click on the linkbelow and save the files SAMPLE as shown below in your CUSTOM folder, delete the oldbackground.bmp and rename the new BMP file you downloaded to background.bmphttp://sc.uvnc.com/index.php?section=137. Congratulation's you have successfully finished the editing your logo and background BMP
Section 6:Editing your Icons with IconoMaker1. You can edit the icons to reflect your company logos too. You will need a icon editor to edit theicons and save them you can get a free icon editor at http://www.iconempire.com/free-icon-editor2. The there are two icon files you can edit.Icon1.ico is the icon file the client will see running in the Windows task bar.Icon2.ico is the icon associate to the EXE file you client download from you.3. After you installed Iconomaker you can start using it Open and close iconomaker and insure youassociated it to open .ico files when it asks you when you open it for the first time.4. You now can edit the icon files by opening the CUSTOM folder and right click on a .ico file andselect OPEN WITH and then select ICONOMAKER. (You only need do this once and thenEDIT only after that) When done remember to SAVE your files.5. Congratulation's you have successfully Edited your icons.
Section 7:Repack the files into a ZIP file1. we now need to repack all the files in the CUSTOM folder into a zip file. For my demonstration iwill be using winrar as above in Section 1. To repack all the files into a single zip file select allthe files by highlighting them all and right click with your mouse on a blue highlighted area andon the menu select Add to archive.2. In winrar change the file name to a name you would like your EXE to be with the .zip extensionat the end. When done click OK to create the archive.3. Congratulation's you have successfully repacked the files into a zip archive.
Section 8:Compiling your ZIP file to a EXE file On-line1. Now we can compile our zip file to a exe file on line. To do this we need to open a web page onUltr@VNC. Click on the link below.http://sc.uvnc.com/index.php?section=192. For this demonstration we will use the UltraVncSC based on RC23. In the following fields enteras below.Under Userid: fooUnder Password: foobar3. Next you will need to click on the Browse button and select the newly created ZIP file in theCUSTOM folder you have made.4. When done selecting the zip file, click on the Submit Query button to continue.
5. After some time the web page will redirect and you will have the option to download the EXEfile, click on the filename.exe at the bottom on the web page to download the exe file.6. After you click in the EXE you will be prompted to save the file, Save the file to your desktop.7. On your desktop you will now see your new Ultr@Vnc SC EXE, you may now upload it to yourwebsite.8. Congratulation's you have successfully Created a Ultr@Vnc SC EXE.You will need to do some testing on your new Ultr@Vnc SC EXE, note you cannot run the exe on yourLAN if your helpdesk.txt is set to connect from out side your network to your network. Ask a friend onanother site or client to test. Unless you change the helpdesk.txt to use your LAN IP ADDRESS and notyour WAN.You will need to download ULTR@VNC and install it on your Support people computers and runvncviewer.exe -listen on each computer as reflected in helpdesk.txt and the router.You can download Ultr@Vnc from the link below.http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/ultravnc/UltraVnc-101-Setup.zip?downloadYou can also use the UltraVNC SC client Creator tool to create a Off line SC buildhttp://forum.ultravnc.net/viewtopic.php?t=4046Or do a Online Test with this tool.http://forum.ultravnc.net/viewtopic.php?t=4535Or if you don't want to make and EXE and want the client to enter the details use this tool.http://forum.ultravnc.net/viewtopic.php?t=4530


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Bath: What better way to relax after a long day at work, than to indulge in a hot bath. Premix 20 mls of sweet almond oil with 10 drops of your choice of essential oils and pour half of the amount into the bathtub. Let the benefits of the essential oils absorb into your skin while the fragrance works to uplift your spirit.
Vaporization: Oil diffusers are an easy and effective way to disperse essential oils. There are many different oil diffusing devices available at New directions to complement a wide variety of needs. From the humble tea light oil burner to the electric oil diffuser. Add 6-12 drops of your choice of essential oil to water and let the aroma diffuse into the room and cleanse the air.
Inhalation: This is a great way to relieve a blocked nose. Add 5 drops of Eucalyptus essential oil to a bowl of very hot water. Inhale the vapor for 5- 10 minutes preferably with a towel covering your head, and breathe deeply.
Skincare: At New directions we sell a wide variety of natural skin care bases. You can customise your moisturiser depending on your skins needs. Please refer to the recipe section of our web site to see what essential oils are best for your skin type. To 100 ml moisturizer base add 15-20 drops of the recommended essential oils.
Compresses: This is a very effective way of using essential oils to relieve pain, swelling and to reduce inflammation. Hot compresses are often used to reduce pain of a chronic nature. Cold compresses can be used on tired and overworked muscles and acute pain. Add 4-5 drops of essential oils to hot or cold water. Dip a clean cloth into the water solution and wring it, then cover the area being treated with the compress. Cover the compress with a plastic wrap and a small towel on top. Leave the compress on for a couple of hours.To read this article click here.


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Ads are kind of like your awkward teenage years. Think about it: When you're actually experiencing them, every second feels an angst-ridden eternity. Look back a couple decades later, though, and it's damn near impossible not to laugh.
Now, I'm not suggesting you go out and start bragging about that mullet you were sporting in the 80s (sorry, Uncle Jesse, but that kind of confession may never be advisable). No siree -- with antiquated ads, you can revisit the comedy of bad choices without suffering a single ounce of personal humiliation.
We've compiled 25 of the funniest vintage tech ads we could find. Some will make you laugh; others will make you cringe. But nearly every one will make you wonder what the hell we all were thinking.
Click ahead, and enjoy the shame-free trip down memory lane.


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The Marshall University Board of Governors cited McKown's "extraordinary service to the University" in approving the facility's naming.
Dr. Robert C. Nerhood, interim dean of the medical school, said McKown's contributions to the medical school were many.
"His uncanny ability to almost instantaneously perceive convoluted relationships and unintended consequences of simple or complex actions has ideally suited him to be an eminently successful dean of a community-based medical school in West Virginia," he said. "I am not at all sure that this talent can again be found."
Nerhood said the genomic research facility is an outgrowth of McKown's vision and advocacy.
"Dr. McKown foresaw the importance of the new field of translational research in the area of cancer care," and then worked with philanthropist Joan Edwards and U.S. Sen. Robert Byrd to turn that vision into reality, he said.
In addition to Nerhood, speakers at the dedication ceremony included Marshall President Stephen J. Kopp; Dr. Richard Niles, senior associate dean for research and graduate education at the medical school, and professor and chair of the university's Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology; Edward Seiler, director of the Huntington VA Medical Center; and McKown.
Videotaped greetings were given by U.S. Sen. Jay Rockefeller, U.S. Sen. Joe Manchin III and U.S. Representative Nick J. Rahall II. Gov. Earl Ray Tomblin was represented by Jacqueline Proctor, his director of communications.
A reception and tours of the facility followed the dedication ceremony.
The Charles H. McKown, M.D., Translational Genomic Research Institute is located on the top floor of the Edwards Comprehensive Cancer Center. Completed this summer, it includes more than 10,000 square feet of research space and has advanced scientific equipment including a "next-generation" genetic sequencer. Several university researchers already are working at the institute.
In addition to naming the facility after McKown, the medical school has established a scholarship in his honor.


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The American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology (ACOG) commonly asserts that its members deserve credit for the decline in infant and maternal death rates during the past century. ACOG however doesn't readily acknowledge that most of the countries with the lowest infant mortality rates have the largest numbers of midwives who provide home births and rarely utilize technological interventions. Despite spending more money per person on health care than any other country, the U.S. ranks 18th in infant mortality according to 1984 statistics. (1) It is startling to learn that not only are all Scandanavian countriesahead of the U.S. in having lower infant mortality rates, but so are Ireland, Spain, and East Germany.
Despite the various shortcomings of modern obstetrical care, the present regime is an improvement over the way physicians delivered babies in the 1800s. In the 1870s women were commonly given regular doses of quinine before birth to prevent fever, plus a powerful cathartic to "cleanse their body," then ergot to induce labor, and morphine to lessen any after pains. (2) The use of these powerful drugs increased, rather than lowered, instances of infant and maternal mortality during childbirth.
With the fear of germs so prominent at the turn of the century, hospitals did all they could to eradicate infectious organisms. Nurses washed women's head with kerosene, ether, and ammonia. They sometimes shaved pubic hair because they thought that it harbored germs. And they performed enemas on women in labor every 12 hours and gave continual douches of saline solutions to which whisky and bichloride of mercury were added. (3) The increased effort to protect the mother and infant led to interventions and manipulations of the birthing process that made giving birth both traumatic and dangerous. Describing the 19th century obstetrician, historians Richard and Dorothy Wertz have also unfortunately characterized the 20th century obstetrician:
"Doctors were on the lookout for trouble in birth. That seemed to them to be their primary purpose. They found a lot of trouble--so much, in fact, that they came to think that every birth was a potential disaster and that it was best to prepare each woman for the worst eventualities. In line with that perception, doctors increased their control over the patients during labor and delivery, rendering them more powerless to experience or participate in birth. Women acceded to the doctors' increasing control because they also believed that their methods would make birth safer." (4)
The underlying assumption of obstetricians has tended to be that women need technological interventions in order to have a healthy and safe pregnancy and birth. Although some medical interventions are certainly of great value, there is general consensus that birth has become over-medicalized. Some of this overmedicalization is the result of doctors doing all they can to prevent malpractice suits,* and some of it is the result of doctors assuming that more medical interventions improve the chances of having a healthy mother and infant.
[* It is rare for physicians to be sued for over-utilizing medical interventions, but it is common for suits to arise after a doctor waits before intervention. Dr. David Rubsamen, a physician, attorney and insurance company consultant, notes, "It's very uncommon for an obstetrician to be sued because he did an unnecessary Caesarean section. But cases where the charge is that you waited 45 minutes too long, are very common." (5)]
There is now increasing concern about the use of any drugs during pregnancy since the fetus inevitably receives doses of these drugs which can disturb its development. Research has shown that drugs during labor and delivery can have short- as well as long-term effects on infants. (6) Even the American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Drugs has recommended that doctors "use the smallest possible amount of medications when it is needed, and to discuss the benefits and side effects with the mother preferably in advance of the birth." (7)
Obstetricians have contended that the various interventions are necessary for a safe birth. No one can doubt that certain medical interventions can reduce complications and be lifesaving at times. Problems however result when conventional drugs and modern technology are utilized in normal or relatively normal childbirth. Obstetricians have ignored the fact that those countries which have utilized the least medical interventions during birth have tended to have the best childbirth statistics. Whereas 85% of women having hospital delivery in the U.S. have had an episiotomy, only 8% of Dutch women and only 3% of Swedish women receive them. (8) Whereas 25-33% of women in the U.S. are aided in birth by a forceps delivery, only about 5% of European women receive this treatment. (9) And whereas over 20% of American women who have hospital births have a caesarean section, the World Health Organization has conservatively estimated that "there is no justification for any region to have a rate higher than 10-15%." (10)
Of particular concern, it has been determined that one intervention leads to another, each one increasing health risks to the mother and infant. Drug use during pregnancy causes potential health problems for the fetus and increases the chances of fetal distress syndrome which may require cesarean section. Amniotomy (the deliberate breaking of the bag of waters surrounding the baby) helps induce labor, and as the result of it the fetus loses the cushion of even pressure that protects it during contractions and lessens compression again the head.
The lithotomy position, in which a woman lies on her back with her feet spread in stirrups is generally convenient for the doctor but is an uncomfortable and inefficient position for women during delivery.* The lithotomy position leads to slower progress of labor, increases chances of the doctor recommending methods to induce and augment labor, often leads to the use of forceps and episiotomy for delivery, and raises blood pressure which may decrease the amount of oxygen to the fetus, leading to the greater need for caesarian section.
[* One survey noted that 95% of women prefer an upright position during labor and delivery. (11)]
The administration of analgesia and anesthesias to diminish pain during labor decreases the strength and frequency of contractions, usually requiring the use of drugs to augment labor and forceps to aid delivery. These drugs may also lower the mother's blood pressure which could threaten the life of the fetus. The drugs also prevent the woman from actually feeling how hard she is pushing the baby against her perineum, which may lead to stretching or tearing it. Physicians then must reduce this latter risk with further intervention by doing an episiotomy.
Doing an episiotomy requires local anesthesia which has the above mentioned risks associated with it. An episiotomy enables the physician to use forceps to speed up delivery, though there are additional risks from its application, including hemorrhage within the head and damage to the nerves of the face and arms. There is also an increased threat of severe lacerations of the mother's perineum when forceps and episiotomies are used.
All the above mentioned interventions increase the chances of needing a caesarean section. The Canadian Medical Association Journal estimated that there are 26 times more maternal deaths from caesarean section than from normal delivery. (12) Even when women who had been diagnosed with serious pre-existing disease weren't counted, the death rate for women undergoing a caesarean was still 10 times greater.
Since a caesarean section is major surgery which may require a general anesthesia, the mother is unable to breastfeed her infant immediately after birth. And because the mother usually needs to take further medications after this operation, she ultimately is also feeding these drugs to her infant through her breastmilk.
Women who are prescribed medications during or after labor, or at any time when they are breastfeeding, are also providing trace amounts of these drugs in their milk. Even though only relatively small amounts of these drugs appear in the milk, the young infant's liver, kidneys, immune system, and general defenses haven't matured enough to metabolize and detoxify these drugs effectively. The results may be minor, or in some cases, they can be significant.
Drug use during pregnancy can have even more traumatic effects on the new life that is developing in the woman's body. Thalidomide, an infamous drug which was prescribed to pregnant women in the 1960s and which caused serious birth defects, forced the Federal Drug Administration to require more adequate testing of drugs prior to the availability on the open market. Still, many commonly used drugs can have damaging effects on the fetus, especially when incompatible drugs are utilized together. One expert has estimated that the average pregnant woman in 1980 received four different prescriptions. (13) It is thus no wonder that even conservative statistics now reveal that 12% of babies born in the U.S. have a serious, often incurable mental or physical health disorder. (14)*
[* Drug use during pregnancy is one significant reason for many birth defects, though genetic disposition and exposure to various toxic substances and radiation will also influence the amount of birth defects.]
There is finally general consensus that drug use during pregnancy, labor, and lactation should be kept to a minimum. However, most physicians in the United States are not aware of specific alternatives to their conventional drugs and thus often have to rely upon them as the primary course of treatment for sick, pregnant, or lactating women. It is a sad fact that American physicians do not know much about homeopathy, and therefore, they do not know that these medicines can be instrumental in diminishing various symptoms of pregnancy, reducing risks of problems in labor, and healing pains, discomforts, or diseases of women who are breastfeeding. Since homeopathic medicines are generally safe, they can provide much benefit and little harm. A growing number of American physicians are finally learning about and using homeopathic medicines. Our children will thank us for this.
Homeopathic Medicines in Pregnancy
The relative safety of the homeopathic medicines make them invaluable in pregnancy, labor, and postpartum. "There's nothing safer." says Ananda Zaren, a nurse, midwife, and homeopath in Santa Barbara, California, who has used homeopathic medicines in hundreds of births. Besides being safe, the medicines are quite effective in treating various common problems of pregnancy. Zaren adds, "The medicines help strengthen the woman physically and psychologically." Homeopaths have been known to joke that pregnancy is an excellent time to receive homeopathic care since two people (the mother and the fetus) get a remedy for the price of one. The medicines not only improve the health of the mother, they also benefit the fetus. Although no formal statistical analysis has yet been carried out, homeopaths have commonly observed that the children born from women who have received homeopathic care during pregnancy seem healthier than others. Homeopaths make this conjecture by comparing the children of women from previous pregnancies without homeopathic medicines with the offspring of later pregnancies in which the mothers have received the medicines.
It is generally known that the health of the woman greatly affects the health of the fetus. Since pregnancy can be particularly stressful to a woman's body, women often experience exacerbations of previous health problems or various new symptoms. Some of these common symptoms and conditions are nausea, abdominal gas, vaginal infections, bladder infections, herpes, insomnia, anemia, backaches, breast swelling and swelling in general, constipation, hemorrhoids, leg cramps, skin eruptions, and varicose veins.


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Stabbing suspect still on the loose
A Sunday night stabbing left one man in the hospital and another the run from the law. Johnny Wayne Gill, 45, of Bokoshe, is accused of stabbing his sister's boyfriend, Stephen Vigus, 51, in the chest at a home near Bokoshe. Vigus said Gill, who lived next door, called him and said he wanted to talk to him outside. Vigus told police he and Gill had argued earlier Sunday and when he met outside Gill stabbed him. After the alleged assault, Gill ran into the woods, according to court records. LeFlore County Sheriff Rob Seale said Vigus suffered a stab wound and deep cut to his chest but the wounds were not considered life threatening. Vigus was taken LeFlore County Emergency Medical Services to Sparks Hospital in Fort Smith, Ark. Several members searched the area for Gill but were unable to locate him.


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LISD Superintendent Dan Troxell, Ph.D., answers questions from viewers throughout the district in a live chat. Watch along and join in the discussion on Facebook and YouTube. Links to event will be posted closer to the start time. A stream will also be added to this calendar event.
To watch editions from previous months, check out Facebook or YouTube.
Do you want to delete all occurrences of the recurring appointment "Let's Talk with Dr. Troxell", or just this one?
Delete this occurrence.
Delete this series.


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Québec/Ontario Mini-Symposium on Bioorganic and Organic Chemistry Dirk Ortgies | added on Jul 08, 2011 | Canada The 22nd Québec/Ontario Mini-Symposium on Bioorganic and Organic Chemistry is a three day conference consisting of oral- and poster-presentations. It is the premier regional conference in its field of research and provides the possibilities for exchange between graduate students, academic and industrial researchers.
|organic chemistry, bioorganic chemistry, medicinal chemistry, catalysis, green chemistry, total synthesis, conference, presentations
|professors, graduate students, professional chemists, researchers, industrial chemists, universities