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Sidebar: The Marines' Written Record
A slew of solid non-fiction books captures the struggles and accomplishments, as well as the spirit and essence, of the U.S. Marine Corps.
A book might be considered great for different reasons: the value of its content, its engaging style or prose, a riveting storyline, or perhaps a thought-provoking thesis. Some volumes might be important at the moment, for example the understandable emphasis in the current Marine Corps Reading List on the Middle East and the war on terrorism, but they prove of little interest a few years hence. Others might fall by the wayside when overtaken by a new interpretation of events that overturns conventional wisdom. In any case, greatness is in the eye of the beholder and rarely universally accorded.
Although some works in the following survey of non-fiction books about the Corps do not meet any of the tests of greatness, all illuminate what it means to be a Marine.
Several excellent comprehensive histories of the Marine Corps have been published. The oldest one that remains useful is Soldiers of the Sea (1962) by Robert D. Heinl Jr. In analyzing how the Corps struggled to survive, the author does not hesitate to cast blame on the Army and Navy, numerous generals and admirals, and more than a few political leaders. His strong partisan flavor has delighted fellow Marines for more than four decades but caused more objective readers to question some of his findings.
The three current staples in the field appeared in quick succession, each one filling a different niche, but all well researched and well documented. Edwin H. Simmons, a brigadier general and former director of the Marine Corps History and Museums Division, contributed The United States Marines (1976), still the best condensed account of the service's 232 years. Anyone looking for the essence of the Corps and what it has accomplished will find everything he needs without getting bogged down in extended discussions of institutional changes, high-level strategy, or battlefield minutiae. Journalist and historian J. Robert Moskin authored a much longer work, The U.S. Marine Corps Story (1977), focused heavily on battlefield exploits. Allan R. Millett, a history professor and retired Marine, rounded out the trilogy with Semper Fidelis (1980). This definitive tome evaluates the development of the Corps from an institutional and organizational perspective. He echoed Heinl's theme, but with a great deal more objectivity and an emphasis on Marine adaptation rather than a search for someone to blame for the challenges the Corps had to overcome.
Although many authors have contributed new books in this genre during the intervening years, none has equaled these three standards. Two slightly different variations on the theme have proved popular, however.
General Simmons and Mr. Moskin edited The Marines (1998), a heavily illustrated, large-format volume that took a topical approach to its subject. Lieutenant General Victor H. Krulak's First to Fight: An Inside View of the U.S. Marine Corps (1984) tries to explain why the nation has maintained the Corps for well over two centuries. He argues that the American people value Marines because of their reputation for thoughtful innovation, fiscal economy, readiness for war, and battlefield prowess—all of which influence the larger services to do better than they might if they had no competition from an organization that also fights in their realms of land, air, and sea.
Marine participation in some wars has received little attention. Charles R. Smith's Marines in the Revolution (1975) is the best and most thorough account of the Continental Marines. An official history published by the Marine Corps, it is reliable and objective without raising much controversy. The extensive appendices, which include journals, muster rolls, and similar material, constitute a valuable collection of primary sources. No work of similar scope exists for the Corps' contributions in the War of 1812 and the Mexican War.
By contrast, David M. Sullivan's four-volume The United States Marine Corps in the Civil War (1997, 1997, 1999, 2000) exhaustively captures that conflict, providing many reports and letters verbatim. Ralph W. Donnelly's The Confederate States Marine Corps (1989) studies the even smaller and less active force fielded by the South.
While the Navy in the late 19th century wrestled with the changes wrought by the onset of steam and steel, the Marine Corps faced an even deeper crisis of identity and purpose. Jack Shulimson's The Marine Corps' Search for a Mission, 1880-1898 (1993) assesses the increasing professionalism of Marine officers in this era and their search for a valued role with the new Navy. His work ends with a brief account of the Spanish-American War, another conflict for which there is no adequate history of Marine operations.
One of the few works on the Corps in World War I is Robert Asprey's At Belleau Wood (1965). A definitive account of that epic battle, it gives a full perspective from both sides and proper credit to the Army half of the U.S. 2d Division. It also shows why Belleau Wood gave birth to the sense of institutional pride that still inspires Marines. Alan Axelrod's more recent Miracle at Belleau Wood (2007) is a slightly less scholarly but more sprightly rendition. A thorough history of the Corps in World War I is forthcoming as a collaborative effort by General Simmons and Joseph H. Alexander, a retired Marine colonel and award-winning historian.
The Banana Wars—the frequent U.S. interventions in the Caribbean and Central America—were another building block in the rapidly evolving esprit de corps of the Marines. Regrettably, aside from relatively thin official histories, there are no works of consequence dedicated to these seminal campaigns.
World War II, on the other hand, has been the focus of a large share of all Marine history. Official historians compiled five volumes that remain valuable accounts, but the authors rarely critiqued questionable decisions and actions.
At the instigation of the Marine Corps, two academic historians studied the development of amphibious capability prior to and during the conflict. Relying almost entirely on sources made available by the Marines, Jeter A. Isely and Philip A. Crowl's The U.S. Marines and Amphibious War (1951) comes to the unsurprising conclusion that the Corps was primarily responsible for progress in this field. Their research remains valid, but their account fails to provide a full picture, since they concentrated on operations during the war rather than the critical period of trial and error beforehand.
A handful of Marine campaigns is well covered by scholars. Robert J. Cressman's A Magnificent Fight (1992) and Gregory J. W. Urwin's Facing Fearful Odds (1997) provide solid versions of the almost-mythical defense of Wake Island.
The ordeal and triumph at Guadalcanal has received a major share of attention. Samuel B. Griffith, a Marine Raider and veteran of the campaign, created one of the best early works, The Battle for Guadalcanal (1963), but Richard Frank's hefty volume, Guadalcanal (1990), more than lives up to its billing as the definitive version. Frank artfully weaves together Japanese and American sources to give a well-rounded account of the naval and air battles as well as the fighting on the ground.
Colonel Alexander's Storm Landings (1997) provides a focused look at several critical amphibious assaults during the war—those that hit heavily defended beachheads in the course of the campaign in the Central Pacific. His analysis of American leadership, tactics, equipment, and doctrine, coupled with the evolution of Japanese countermeasures, supplies a valuable update to Isely and Crowl. Earlier, Alexander wrote Utmost Savagery (1995), the best study of the fight for Tarawa Atoll's Betio Island. Although the battle was the subject of numerous previous volumes, his work remains the most thoroughly researched and objectively analyzed and will likely never be surpassed.
One of the best recent books to appear on the Corps in World War II is the re-evaluation of Iwo Jima by Robert S. Burrell, The Ghosts of Iwo Jima (2006). In the aftermath of the battle, naval leaders sought to justify its high cost by citing the island's value as an emergency landing strip for B-29 bombers, an assertion accepted ever since by historians. Burrell, a Marine officer and historian, traces the evolution of planning for the campaign, the sudden appearance of a new rationale after the fighting was over, and the statistical subterfuge that has masked an operational mistake for more than 60 years. The author's questioning of long-accepted "truths" demonstrates that there is still considerable room for fresh research and analysis in the much-written-about Pacific conflict. Most campaigns, in fact, still lack any scholarly treatment beyond the official accounts.
Robert Sherrod, a combat journalist who followed the Marines through several battles, wrote the History of Marine Corps Aviation in World War II (1952). Based on thorough research, the detailed narrative of events is unaccompanied by much analysis of decisions, actions, and consequences. Gerald Astor's Semper Fi in the Sky (2005) brings a more stirring narrative and more personal viewpoint to Marine aviation in World War II.
The official history of the Marines in the Korean War consists of five volumes that match or exceed the quality of their World War II counterparts, but likewise suffer from the same limitations. Also like World War II, the actions of the Marines in Korea, particularly in the first year, have been the subject of numerous popular histories. One that stands out is Heinl's Victory at High Tide (1968), an account of the landing at Inchon and the capture of Seoul. His enthusiasm for the Corps notwithstanding, the author nevertheless gives due credit to Army General Douglas MacArthur's bold vision and unwavering determination, as well as the Navy's wealth of amphibious expertise.
Andrew Geer's The New Breed (1952) is a broader look at the Corp's exceptional performance early in the war, from the 1st Marine Brigade in the Pusan Perimeter through the fighting withdrawal from the Chosin Reservoir and the initial seesaw campaigning that followed. Lee Ballenger's The Outpost War (2000) and The Final Crucible (2001) tell the tale of the often-ignored final two years of the war, making excellent use of personal recollections from those who fought.
For Vietnam, official Marine historians produced nine volumes covering the operational aspects of the war. A better flavor of what the war was like for the men who fought it comes from a handful of books. Francis J. "Bing" West Jr.'s Small Unit Action in Vietnam (1997) is a sample of the early Marine experience, giving a grunt-level account of several battles. Another of his works, The Village (1985), focuses on the experience of one Combined Action Program squad. One of the senior officers involved in that experiment, William R. Corson, wrote The Betrayal (1968), a blistering critique of the American and South Vietnamese failure to defend and support the population in the countryside. Valley of Decision, one of the best books on the long siege at Khe Sanh, was written by Ray W. Stubbe, a chaplain who served in the battle, and historian John Prados. The authors manage to merge a high-level view of decision-making at the White House with personal accounts of what it was like under seemingly never-ending North Vietnamese fire. John G. Miller's The Bridge at Dong Ha (1989) is the tale of Captain John W. Ripley's exploits as an adviser with the Vietnamese Marines, culminating in his single-handed heroic destruction of a span over the Cua Viet River, thus stopping the communists' armored thrust into South Vietnam during Easter 1972.
More recent conflicts, such as the Gulf War, have received attention, but few books focused on the Corps stand out from the crowd. Several volumes of official history thoroughly cover the liberation of Kuwait in 1991. Nicholas E. Reynold's Basrah, Baghdad, and Beyond (2005) covers the takedown of the Saddam Hussein regime in 2003 from his vantage point as a field historian deployed in the theater. In a rare work from a Marine aviator, Jay A. Stout unflinchingly portrays events through the lens of those who fought in the skies over Iraq in Hammer From Above (2005). His skillfully woven first-person stories paint a compelling tale of bravery and chance.
For those who want to know more about a particular combat arm in the Corps, there are a few options. Peter B. Mersky's U.S. Marine Corps Aviation: 1912 to the Present (1983) summarizes its subject and provides a number of heroic highlights. Kenneth W. Estes' Marines Under Armor (2000) is a thorough study of the Corps' use of tanks throughout the last century. He analyzes the ever-present tension between the need to remain light to facilitate amphibious operations and the requirement, once ashore, to have enough armor and firepower to defeat enemy units usually boasting strong fortifications or their own tanks or both. Victor J. Croizat's Across the Reef (1989) serves as a companion work focused on the amphibious tracked vehicle and the part it has played in the history of the Corps.
Unit histories abound, but few are more than skeleton accounts. The most thorough and best written is Ronald J. Brown's A Few Good Men (2001). It covers the 5th Marines from their epic battle at Belleau Wood through the Gulf War.
The Corps suffers from a lack of good biographies of most of its leading figures. Merrill L. Bartlett's Lejeune (1991) is the only full military biography of a commandant. It summarizes Major General John A. Lejeune's key achievement in developing the Corps' capability to conduct amphibious operations at a time when the service was preoccupied with ongoing colonial infantry missions in the Caribbean. Were it not for Lejeune's foresight and ability to impose his will on the institution and to garner the support of Congress, the Marine Corps would never have gained the prominence it would achieve from World War II onward. Millett and Jack Shulimson's Commandants of the Marine Corps (1991) provides chapter-length accounts of all the commandants up through General Robert H. Barrow. In similar fashion, John C. Chapin's Uncommon Men (1992) covers those who have filled the role of sergeant major of the Marine Corps.
Hans Schmidt's Maverick Marine (1987) recounts the life of Brigadier General Smedley D. Butler, one of the Marine Corps' quintessential colonial warriors and, in many respects, the antithesis of Lejeune. Brash, opinionated, outspoken, and prone to lead with heartfelt overenthusiasm, Butler had a knack for creating favorable publicity for the Corps that helped Lejeune achieve his goals, even though they conflicted with Butler's. The author, however, focuses on larger political issues more than military events, preventing this biography from fully capturing Butler's impact on the Corps.
Bartlett joined with Dirk A. Ballendorf to write Pete Ellis (1997), an investigation of the mythic figure known for his authorship in 1920 of a seminal evaluation of the requirement for amphibious operations, as well as for his mysterious death just three years later during an intelligence-gathering mission to the Japanese-controlled islands of the western Pacific. Their thorough research cements his reputation as a far-sighted operational thinker and debunks most of the wild tales surrounding his untimely demise because of alcoholism.
Perhaps the best entry in this genre is Millett's study of General Gerald C. Thomas, In Many a Strife (1993). Thomas had proved his courage as an enlisted Marine and junior officer on the battlefields of France in World War I. But he would make his reputation and affect the Corps most as an intelligent and perceptive staff officer who played a major role in shepherding the Corps from a small organization fighting colonial conflicts in the 1920s and 1930s to the large service that helped determine the outcome of World War II and the Korea War. My biography of Major General Merritt A. 'Red Mike' Edson, Once a Legend (1994), supplements the Thomas book, since the two officers were contemporaries, friends, and cohorts in the effort to enhance the effectiveness of the Corps.
Other biographies capture two of the legends of the Corps. Chesty (2001), which I also wrote, details the exploits of Lieutenant General Lewis B. Puller, who fought in the Banana Wars, the Pacific, and Korea. While his emphasis on leading from the front and looking out for the welfare of his Marines was neither revolutionary in the Corps nor unique in history, he cultivated that image as no other Leatherneck ever had and became synonymous with it, to the point that he set the tone for Marine officers and noncommissioned officers and has been revered ever since as the very icon of the institution.
Bruce Gamble's Black Sheep One (2000) chronicles the life of Colonel Gregory "Pappy" Boyington, the flamboyant World War II ace who was equally noted for his daring bravery in aerial combat and his drunken exploits on the ground. He was hardly an ideal role model, but his irreverence for authority brought him lasting notoriety and helped create the image (justified or not) of Marine fighter pilots.
Biography tends to focus on major personalities, but it can be equally useful in looking at those who did not rise to the highest ranks. One of the few accounts of an enlisted Marine is Al Hemingway's Ira Hayes, Pima Marine (1988), the story of a Marine paratrooper who achieved unwanted fame as one of the flag-raisers in Joe Rosenthal's immortal photo taken on Iwo Jima. Perry Smith's A Hero Among Heroes (1998) describes the life of Lieutenant Colonel Aquilla James Dyess, who bore the unique distinction of earning both the Carnegie Medal for civilian heroism and the Medal of Honor.
A handful of other biographies exist for Gunnery Sergeant John Basilone, Lieutenant General Holland M. "Howlin' Mad" Smith, General Oliver P. Smith, General Roy S. Geiger, Brigadier General William C. Harllee, and Colonel John W. Thomason, but they all fall short in important areas.
The dearth of good biographies is made up, in part, by a number of excellent memoirs and other first-person accounts of service in the Corps. One of the first autobiographies by a Marine to appear in print was John A. Lejeune's The Reminiscences of a Marine (1930). True to his style of leadership while in the Corps, he describes his career in a straightforward manner without embellishment or apology. Written at almost the same time but not published until 2001, His Time in Hell is the compelling narrative of Corporal Warren R. Jackson's service in World War I.
An even more searing memoir of that terrible conflict is Elton E. Mackin's Suddenly We Didn't Want to Die (1993), likewise published decades afterward, but matter-of-factly recounting events, both mundane and earth-shattering, as if they had just happened.
World War II produced several Marine classics, with the best one still being Eugene B. Sledge's With the Old Breed at Peleliu and Okinawa (1981). The young mortarman captured the unmitigated horror and ordinary heroism of two of the toughest Marine campaigns of the war, as well as the comradeship that carried men through those crucibles.
Guadalcanal spawned a number of good volumes. Correspondents Richard Tregaskis and John Hersey recounted their experience with the Marines there in Guadalcanal Diary (1943) and Into the Valley (1943). While Tregaskis spent much of his time with more-senior officers and often looks at events from their point of view, Hersey followed a single company into a confused and ultimately unsuccessful fight and thus yields a more intimate portrait of a slice of this epic campaign. Decades after the war, Merrill B. Twining, who served as operations officer of the 1st Marine Division, produced No Bended Knee (1996), an insider's view of command decisions in that turning point of the war.
Another World War II classic came out of bloody Peleliu. Company commander George P. Hunt described his unit's small but critical part in that battle in Coral Comes High (1946), emphasizing the determination and heroism of his men in securing a critical terrain feature in the opening days of the operation. Robert Leckie's Helmet for My Pillow (1957) chronicles his service as a young enlisted man at Guadalcanal, Cape Gloucester, and Peleliu. It is the tale of the average private, neither saint nor sinner, but forged nonetheless by the trials of combat.
Alvin M. Josephy Jr., a Marine combat correspondent with the 3d Marine Division, penned The Long and the Short and the Tall (1946) to describe what his outfit went through at Guam and Iwo Jima. While not as revealing as Sledge or Leckie, Josephy nonetheless captures some aspects of what it was like for young Marines in the fight across the Pacific.
Robert Sherrod, who accompanied Marines into battle as a civilian correspondent, recounts the battles of Saipan and Iwo Jima in On To Westward (1945). Moving easily from the high command to the foxhole, he captures some of the sentiments of those who fought at all levels.
The autobiographies of two of the Corps' senior leaders in World War II focused naturally on that global conflict. General Holland Smith came out with Coral and Brass (1949). True to his cantankerous nature and readiness to fight for the honor of the Corps on the slightest pretext, his account bitterly attacks many senior officers in the Navy and the Army, while paying high tribute to the men who served under him. General Alexander A. Vandegrift's Once a Marine (1964) is the polar opposite and reflects the southern gentleman who led the Marines onto Guadalcanal and rose to commandant midway through the war. Both books provide a one-sided but useful look at the upper echelons of the Corps during this period.
The Korean War has produced its own notable memoirs. Martin Rust, an NCO, came out with The Last Parallel (1957) just a few years after the war. At times he tries too hard to be on the cutting literary edge, but he otherwise captures the static but deadly cat-and-mouse warfare with the communists in the last year of that conflict. His drawings accompanying the text are highly effective in explaining things that would not come across as well in words.
A trio of more recent books are compelling accounts of junior officers learning to lead men under fire. Joseph R. Owen's Colder Than Hell (1996) deals with the epic breakout from the Chosin Reservoir, John Nolan's The Run-Up to the Punch Bowl (2006) recalls the fighting in 1951, and James Brady's The Coldest War (1990) covers from 1951 into the following year.
Two memoirs span the enlisted-officer divide. Gerald P. Averill's Mustang (1987) recounts the author's service from private to lieutenant colonel, starting in World War II with a parachute unit in the Solomons and winding through Iwo Jima and the Korean War. Wesley L. Fox's Marine Rifleman (2002) covers his career from recruit at Parris Island to first sergeant, then from lieutenant to colonel. From the Korean War through Vietnam his story marches with precision across a huge swath of Marine history and Leatherneck experience. He describes stateside tours and vicious combat in the same matter-of-fact tone, disdaining the overblown prose that mars too many memoirs.
Battle Ready (2004), part biography and part memoir, unveils the career of General Tony Zinni and is coauthored by Tom Clancy. From his two tours in Vietnam through the heart-rending intervention in Somalia and on to the frequent small battles to contain Saddam's Iraq, Zinni applied his common-sense approach to leadership and decision-making to assignments that often deviated far from the norms of conventional conflict.
Several personal narratives stemming from the global war on terrorism have appeared in print. One of the best is Nathaniel Fick's One Bullet Away (2005), which chronicles the challenges facing a junior officer and his men in Afghanistan and Iraq.
The ongoing conflict and the continuing resurgence of public interest in military history will no doubt spawn many more good books about the Corps in the coming years. There remains much to learn about both the institution and the men and women who have proudly borne the title Marine.
For complete publishing information about the books reviewed in this article go to The Marines' Written Record.
Colonel Hoffman is chief of the contemporary studies branch at the U.S. Army Center of Military History and the author of Once a Legend: "Red Mike" Edson of the Marine Raiders (Novato, CA: Presidio Press, 1994, 2002) and Chesty: The Story of Lieutenant General Lewis B. Puller, USMC (New York: Random House, 2001, 2002).
The Marines' Written Record
Compiled by Colonel Jon T. Hoffman, U.S. Marine Corps Reserve (Retired)
Robert D. Heinl Jr., Soldiers of the Sea (Annapolis, MD: United States Naval Institute, 1962).
Edwin H. Simmons, The United States Marines (New York: Viking, 1976; Annapolis, MD: U.S. Naval Institute Press, 2003).
J. Robert Moskin, The U.S. Marine Corps Story (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1977; Old Saybrook, CT: Konecky & Konecky, 2004).
Allan R. Millett, Semper Fidelis (New York: Macmillan, 1980; revised and expanded ed., New York: The Free Press, 1991).
Edwin H. Simmons and J. Robert Moskin, editors, The Marines (Quantico, VA: The Marine Corps Heritage Foundation, 1998).
Victor H. Krulak, First to Fight: An Inside View of the U.S. Marine Corps (Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press, 1984).
Charles R. Smith, Marines in the Revolution (Washington, DC: U.S. Marine Corps, 1975; Honolulu, HI: University Press of the Pacific, 2005).
David M. Sullivan, The United States Marine Corps in the Civil War, 4 vols. (Shippensburg, PA: White Mane Publishing, 1997, 1997, 1999, 2000).
Ralph W. Donnelly, The Confederate States Marine Corps (Shippensburg, PA: White Mane Publishing, 1989).
Jack Shulimson, The Marine Corps' Search For a Mission, 1880-1898 (Lawrence, KS: University Press of Kansas, 1993).
Robert Asprey, At Belleau Wood (New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1965; Denton, TX: University of North Texas Press, 1996).
Alan Axelrod, Miracle at Belleau Wood (Guilford, CT: The Lyons Press, 2007)
Jeter A. Isely and Philip A. Crowl, The U.S. Marines and Amphibious War (Princeton, NJ: University Press, 1951; Quantico, VA: Marine Corps Association Bookstore, 1998).
Robert J. Cressman, A Magnificent Fight (Washington, DC: Marine Corps Historical Center, 1992; Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press, 1995).
Gregory J. Urwin, Facing Fearful Odds (Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska Press, 1997, 2002).
Samuel B. Griffith, The Battle for Guadalcanal (Philadelphia, PA: J. B. Lippencott, 1963; Champaign, IL: University of Illinois Press, 2000).
Richard Frank, Guadalcanal (New York: Random House, 1990; New York: Penguin, 1992).
Joseph H. Alexander, Storm Landings (Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press, 1997).
Joseph H. Alexander, Utmost Savagery (Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press, 1995; New York: Ivy Books, 1995).
Robert S. Burrell, The Ghosts of Iwo Jima (College Station, TX: Texas A & M University Press, 2006).
Robert Sherrod, History of Marine Corps Aviation in World War II (Washington, DC: Combat Forces Press, 1952; San Rafael, CA: Presidio Press, 1980).
Gerald Astor, Semper Fi in the Sky (San Rafael, CA: Presidio Press, 2005).
Robert D. Heinl Jr., Victory at High Tide (Philadelphia, PA: J. B. Lippencott, 1968; Charleston, SC: The Nautical & Aviation Publishing Company of America, 2002).
Andrew Geer, The New Breed (New York: Harper & Brothers, 1952; Nashville, TN: Battery Press, 1989).
Lee Ballenger, The Outpost War (Dulles, VA: Brassey's, 2000; Washington, DC: Potomac Books, 2005).
Lee Ballenger, The Final Crucible (Dulles, VA: Brassey's, 2001; Washington, DC: Potomac Books, 2006).
Francis J. West Jr., Small Unit Action in Vietnam (Washington, DC: Marine Corps History and Museums Division, 1977; New York: Arno Press, 1981).
Francis J. West Jr., The Village (Madison, WI: University of Wisconsin Press, 1985; New York: Pocket Books, 2003).
William R. Corson, The Betrayal (New York: W. W. Norton & Son, 1968)
Ray W. Stubbe and John Prados, Valley of Decision (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1991; Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press, 2004).
John G. Miller, The Bridge at Dong Ha (Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press, 1989; New York; Dell Publishing, 1990).
Nicholas E. Reynold, Basrah, Baghdad, and Beyond (Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press, 2005).
Jay A. Stout, Hammer From Above (New York: Presidio Press, 2005).
Peter B. Mersky, U.S. Marine Corps Aviation: 1912 to the Present (Annapolis, MD: The Nautical and Aviation Publishing Company of America, 1983, 1998).
Kenneth W. Estes, Marines Under Armor (Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press, 2000).
Victor J. Croizat, Across the Reef (New York: Blandford Press, 1989; Quantico, VA: Marine Corps Association, 1992).
Ronald J. Brown, A Few Good Men (Novato, CA: Presidio Press, 2001).
Merrill L. Bartlett, Lejeune (Columbia, SC: University of South Carolina Press, 1991; Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press, 1996).
Millett and Jack Shulimson, Commandants of the Marine Corps (Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press, 2004).
John C. Chapin, Uncommon Men (Shippensburg, PA: White Mane Publishing, 1992, 1998).
Hans Schmidt, Maverick Marine (Lexington, KY: University Press of Kentucky, 1987, 1998).
Dirk A. Ballendorf and Merrill L. Bartlett, Pete Ellis (Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press, 1997).
Allan R. Millett, In Many a Strife (Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press, 1993).
Jon T. Hoffman, Once a Legend (Novato, CA: Presidio Press, 1994, 2002).
Jon T. Hoffman, Chesty (New York: Random House, 2001, 2002).
Bruce Gamble, Black Sheep One (Novato, CA: Presidio Press, 2000, 2003).
Al Hemingway, Ira Hayes, Pima Marine (University Press of America, 1988).
Perry Smith, A Hero Among Heroes (Quantico, VA: Marine Corps Association, 1998).
John A. Lejeune, The Reminiscences of a Marine (Philadelphia: Dorrance & Co., 1930; Quantico, VA: Marine Corps Association, 1979).
Warren R. Jackson, His Time in Hell (Novato, CA: Presidio Press, 2001).
Elton E. Mackin, Suddenly We Didn't Want to Die (Novato, CA: Presidio Press, 1993, 1996).
Eugene B. Sledge, With the Old Breed at Peleliu and Okinawa (Novato, CA: Presidio Press, 1981, 2007).
Richard Tregaskis, Guadalcanal Diary (New York: Random House, 1943; New York: Modern Library, 2000).
John Hersey, Into the Valley (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1943; Lincoln, NE: Bison Books, 2002).
Merrill B.Twining, No Bended Knee (Novato, CA: Presidio Press, 1996, 2004).
George P. Hunt, Coral Comes High (New York: Harper & Brothers, 1946; Nashville, TN: Battery Press, 1995).
Robert Leckie, Helmet for My Pillow (New York: Random House, 1957; New York: Bantam Books, 1968).
Alvin M. Josephy Jr., The Long and the Short and the Tall (Alfred A. Knopf, 1946; Short Hills, NJ: Burford Books, 2000).
Robert Sherrod, On To Westward (New York: Duell, Sloan and Pearce, 1945; Mount Pleasant, SC: The Nautical & Aviation Publishing Company of America, 1990).
Holland Smith, Coral and Brass (New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1949; Nashville, TN: Battery Press, 2004).
Alexander A. Vandegrift, Once a Marine (New York: W. W. Norton, 1964; New York: Ballantine Books, 1966).
Martin Russ, The Last Parallel (New York: Rinehart & Company, 1957; New York: Fromm International, 1999).
Joseph R. Owen, Colder Than Hell (Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press, 1996; New York: Ballantine Books, 1997).
John Nolan, The Run-Up to the Punch Bowl (Philadelphia: Xlibris, 2006)
James Brady, The Coldest War (New York: Orion Books, 1990; New York: St. Martin's Griffin, 2000).
Gerald P. Averill, Mustang (Novato, CA: Presidio Press, 1987; New York: Pocket Books, 1988).
Wesley L. Fox, Marine Rifleman (Washington, DC: Brassey's, 2002).
General Tony Zinni, Battle Ready (New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 2004; New York: Berkley Trade, 2005).
Nathaniel Fick, One Bullet Away (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 2005; Boston: Mariner Books, 2006).
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U.S. President Barack Obama's recent trip to Honolulu to attend the APEC summit is merely the latest step in what Secretary of State Hillary Clinton has dubbed a "pivot" or re-focus of U.S. interest in Asia. But as the United States looks to follow through on the pledge so clearly outlined by Clinton in her Foreign Policy essay in September, attention is again inevitably turning to Asia's looming economic and military giant – China.
There has been much discussion and speculation in recent commentary over China's rapid maritime rise and strategy for dominating large swaths of the Pacific, including one I recently penned for The Diplomat. China's maritime rise is symbolized by the sea trials this summer of its first aircraft carrier, the ex-Ukrainian Varyag, the launch of which is part of a ship building program not seen since Kaiser Wilhelm II ordered Imperial Germany's High Seas Fleet at the turn of the last century.
China's naval buildup will soon give Beijing the means to use military force to back up its expansive territorially claims to essentially the entire Yellow Sea, East China Sea and South China Sea. In response, Southeast Asian nations, Japan, India and Australia have all embarked on significant defense force modernization programs of their own, increasing their budgets for major air and naval platforms. Submarines are in particular demand.Enjoying this article? Click here to subscribe for full access. Just $5 a month.
Despite using the term "peaceful rise" for almost a decade to describe its global diplomatic, economic and military growth, China hasn't hesitated to support its territorial claims in the Pacific with what senior American officials have repeatedly labeled as "aggressive" naval action by the People's Liberation Army Navy (PLA Navy), Air Force and auxiliary forces. While individual incidents at sea have been reported in regional, maritime, military or, on occasion, the mainstream press, the full extent of China's efforts to exert control over nearby international waters hasn't been widely covered in the West. Governments, on the other hand, are increasingly concerned about China's naval behavior in the region. Indeed, Japan accused Beijing, for the first time, of "assertiveness" in an official government white paper issued in July. Japan's characterization of Chinese action in an official government document is certainly blunt in "diplospeak."
As China asserts its claims in the Pacific, it has made no secret of its opposition to U.S. freedom of navigation operations in nearby international waters, and it hasn't confined its unhappiness to mere diplomatic protests. Instead, Chinese forces have confronted the world's leading navy at sea in some well-publicized incidents.
Such challenges aren't wholly new. The first major incident between U.S. and PLA forces occurred just several years after the fall of the Soviet Union. In July and August 1995 and March 1996, in response to certain measures in Taiwan interpreted by China as moves toward Taiwanese independence, China conducted "missile tests and other military exercises" near the Taiwan Strait. In March 1996, the United States responded by sending two carrier strike groups toward the region. China seemingly backed away from confrontation, but many analysts have suggested this was a turning point in PLA thinking.


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ABS filament Brown 1.75 mm 1000 g for 3D printers is of superior quality, produced in The Netherlands. Real filaments guarantees high-quality and diameter consistent filament, giving you the best 3D printing experience.
|1 - 7:
|excl $ 23.50
|8 - 31:
|excl $ 20.50
|32 - :
|excl $ 17.00
|Need a larger quantity? Contact our Sales department.
ABS filament Brown 1.75 mm 1000 g for 3D printers is of superior quality, produced in The Netherlands. Real filaments guarantees high-quality and diameter consistent filament, giving you the best 3D printing experience.
ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene) filament has been in use for 3D printing for a long time. It used to be the most popular 3D print material, but due to the properties of ABS including high shrinkage it's hard to work with. Compared to other materials ABS still has some advantages including that its gasoline resistant, non-translucent and a soft bendable thermoplastic. Also compared to PLA it has a much higher glass transition point. ABS is an oil based product, making it less environmentally friendly than PLA is, and while printing it tends to give a bad chemical smell, so you probably want to use this in well ventilated conditions.
This filament will require more effort to print well. If you are using ABS to print small strong parts, you may get away with just using 3DLAC on a 65-80 degrees heated bed. Kapton tape is another product where ABS will print on, but it will require a higher temperatures around 110 degrees. For extruding the filament we recommend a temperature of 245 degrees, although it may extrude as low as 220 degrees, the layer bonding won't be as strong. For larger prints you should look into PETG filament first, without a heated chamber you will not be able to print this material without warping and cracking.
The Real ABS comes in many different colors directly from stock. For larger quantities and custom batches, feel free to contact our sales department.
Real filament is an independent manufacturer of high quality filament, produced locally in The Netherlands with a specific emphasis on thermoplastic purity. There are no cost-saving "filler" additives that may impact performance or reliability. Real gives you consistent print conditions at a low price, making it amongst the highest value filaments on the market.
The range of thermoplastic filament choices continues to multiply at an increasing rate, ranging from established brands to highly specialized compounds. For this reason, Real has created a broad catalog of options, and developed the flexibility to produce customized batches tailored to your preferences in color, material or diameter. Contact our sales team for more information, or review the product data sheets and specifications directly on the Real filament website.
Whether you're part of the DIY RepRap community or use a high end professional 3D printer, Real filament is universally compatible to give you great results.
Spool dimensions
|Outer diameter
|200 mm
|Inner diameter
|50 mm
|70 mm
|Weight spool
|300 g
|Weight filament
|1000 g
|Length filament
|400 m


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[Intro: Junior Reid]
Stonyahoy!!! Stigading wuy na na ding ding wuy!!! Yeah ha ha ha!!!
Yes I waan dem fi know, seh real warriors don't play
And if yuh romp wid us, you have to run away (Run away)
[Hook 2X: Junior Reid]
I waan dem fi know, seh real gangstas don't play
And if they romp wid us, they have to run away
Know they romp wid us and dem a run and a hide (Hide)
Slip dem go slip and now a slide dem go slide (Slide)
Only a fool get caught up in his own pride (Pride)
Hope dem ready fi di ride
Gangstas ain't this fly, this is just a rare occasion
You can hear it's blazin soon as the leer is raisin
Hell yeah we hazin, sexy pair of Bajans
Chinky eyes dark hair you would swear they Asian
They Bahama mamas, hols the llama mamas
Put the gangsta grills on when it's drama mama
Murder them, murder them
They don't make a move until they get word from him
I could be in Fiji, one call to Gigi
She on some Belly shit like X with a squiggie
They say it's gangsta but it's just the way of life
If life's a bitch better make everyday your wife
I'm from the era of the shootouts from drug spots
Happy to be here so I smile in my mug shots
The David Dinkins years, I even dug Koch
Before the George Bush drugs watch, Bloodclaat!!!
We say death before dishonor; the scent that you smellin'
On my breath is marijuana 'fore I left to Tijuana
I told 'em it was war so they nephew or they mama
Better wear a tef or they a gonna
RAH!!! RAH!!! That's what it sounds like when thugs cry
I see things see wings when the slugs fly
Low life Loso P wing rugby
Lo to the young niggas I know ready
I go back like recline no need to rewind
Still run through Flatbush like the D line
Usually just the team, plus them extra niggas bein necessary
Just like a uzi with a beam
In the 'cuzzi full of steam, Susie and Jeanine
Niggas do shit like this or it's usually in they dreams
Gangsta don't sleep unless it's guns by the bed
Ever wonder why the bread gets snatched by the feds


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Anxiety Counselor
Kirsten Lesch, MSW, MA, LMFT
Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist
In 13152 - Nearby to Spafford.
The amount of stress you are under is pretty intense. It's causing you to worry about pretty much everything in your life. It's like you're constantly playing over and over again what might happen. It's to the point it's hard to think about anything else. I can help you. I will teach you better coping skills and strategies to help regain a sense of control over the things in life that cause you to worry. Call now to schedule an appointment.
Anxiety Counselor
Kevin Fleming Ph.D.
Coach/Change Agent/Consultant
In 13210 - Nearby to Spafford.
While most treatment approaches for anxiety and stress are effective on the surface, they don't treat the real problem. Mantras, deep breathing, and rational dialogues about your fear being irrational rarely work---for most people don't believe it or you! Imagine if you can trick the brain into changing without you telling your conscious mind that you are changing it? Problem with anxiety and stress is that the brain in this state knows you want to change it and it resists. Contact firstname.lastname@example.com for the ultimate stress and anxiety solution that will literally change your brain's autonomic nervous system patterns while you sit on your butt. 877-606-6161.
Anxiety Counselor
Paul Darnell, D.Min., L.M.H.C.
Licensed Mental Health Counselor and Pastoral Counselor
In 13210 - Nearby to Spafford.
I use a variety of therapies - talk, expressive, imagery, biblio (reading), cognitive, behavioral. I adapt the techniques I use and the length of therapy to best help the individuals. Many people come to me for help dealing with anxiety and stress. Some of this is simple or related to single events. Some is chronic. Some is both chronic and profound. Much of my work has been with people who have lived through severely traumatic events. These people have what we now call "complex PTSD." Some have even experienced ten, twenty or more years of hurt, neglect, abuse or victimization. Some have lived through years of incest. Some were used by adults in child pornography or child prostitution.
Anxiety Counselor
Theressa McMorris, MS, LMFT
Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist
In 13203 - Nearby to Spafford.
While anxiety is a normal part of life, for other folks anxiety and stress reaches a whole different level. Developing coping strategies is an important and vital skill. These coping strategies have implications for all areas of life from employment to hurtful relationships to difficult family members. You don't have to suffer. There is help.
Anxiety Counselor
Jill Weldum, MA, LMFT, CCPT
Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist, Certified Play
In 13057 - Nearby to Spafford.
Anxiety and stress will visit all of us at various times in our lives. When they stay, they interrupt our ability to enjoy life, function, and connect to those we love. The best approach to anxiety and stress is to combine understanding the triggers with changing our physical response to the stressor. When we meet, we will quickly identify ways for you to reduce the anxiety/stress symptoms to help you feel better. Next will be our identifying what situations are causing your feelings, and we will then figure out together how to change those situations to help you feel better and get on with enjoying your life.
Anxiety Counselor
Philip Kolba, MA LMHC NCC
In 13202 - Nearby to Spafford.
Everyone experiences anxiety at some point, but for some the anxiety is so frequent or intense that it interferes with their lives or even triggers panic attacks. I use Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) to help my clients get a sense of control over their own anxiety. We collaborate to learn skills to reduce the frequency or intensity of the anxious feelings, to tolerate the anxiety when it does occur so they can still function through it, and to practice habits that reduce stress and improve general mental health.
You have Found the Top Therapists for Stress, Anxiety, and PTSD in Spafford, NY.
Thank you for visiting our New York page of stress therapists in Spafford, New York who are skilled and experienced in dealing with anxiety, worry, and panic in all its forms. Worry and stress can cause a myriad of physical symptoms and wreck havoc on both our personal life and our relationships. Counseling for stress and PTSD in Spafford, NY will give you healthy tools and help you move forward. Let's get started. Reach out to us today, our contact forms are "open" 24/7.
Spafford is located in Onondaga County, New York. It has a land area of 32.69 square miles and a water area of 6.51 square miles.  The population of Spafford is 1,676 people with 652 households and a median annual income of $75,357. .
Therapy Affordability Meter for Spafford, NY
Mostly Affordable
Establishing weekly sessions with a professional therapist is considered affordable in Spafford for the average family. While sustaining a commitment to therapy is usually not an issue, if mental health treatment feels like a burden please ask your counselor about accepted insurance plans or sliding scale fees. Low cost counseling and affordable therapy are also sometimes offered by listed city and university level clinics, check with your local Spafford public health department.


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Therefore, here, I'll only list resources to get you started.
Notice: I call map the terrain (walls) only and call level the map + units + zones + everything else.
The Advanced Setup (accessed from Create Game in multiplayer) lets you :
• generate MP levels for all modes
• add and edit zones (but you can't see their name)
• add and position units
• save and load levels
The Level Editor (accessed by typing loadeditor(); in the console (which itself is opened by pressing the ` key) if you used advanced setup before, you must relaunch FS) lets you :
• add and edit high and low walls
• add, position and order units and waypoints around
• simulate a 100 seconds turn
• add and edit zones
• import maps (walls) from a PNG file
• save and load levels
Here are basic things to know before making a map.
Here is a partial guide for singleplayer levels and their zones.
In addition here's a quote from another thread, about mutliplayer zones:
If you want to learn more, open a campaign or level (psychoff/data/encounters/sp/) generated MP level, look what it contains and experiment.Omroth wrote:For Hostage, you need zons prefixed with Hostage (ie Hostage1,Hostage2, etc) and Exit.
For Secure you need "Move2" (ie "Move2_A", "Move2_B") for the attacker spawn zones, along with "bidzone" for all the bidzones.
For Charge you just need "Move1" and "Move2" for the deploy zones, and "bidzone" for bifzones.
(You hold down "t" and move the mouse to create a zone).
Sharing your levels and maps:
If you're sharing anything it has to work for us, otherwise it's pretty much useless and a waste of time.
So once you have finished drawing your map, export it in PNG format, import it in the Editor and make sure it renders as you intended, also verify that units can go through most doorways. You can add enemy units and do a bit of simulation. After that it's time to save your level as a .enc file (encounter) and eventually play it against the AI via the Campaign which is a faster way than playing it in multilayer but you can't test all zones.
Once you're done testing, upload the .enc to the Modding section of the forum so we can play your level
You may also want to share the map, but the PNG will not be of much use, instead share your source file (ideally created in a 2D vectorial drawing software).
Some older maps and levels made by members :
various maps by Ace_Rimmer
Scrap Station by noClue
Flow by Lyx
tournament balanced by Goomba
Additionally here are a few mode7 blog posts that you might find interesting:
A new kind of terrain generator
Artificial Intelligence


text:
2 New cars in Napa CA
Didn't find the right fit?
Just let us know what you're looking for and we'll email you as soon as it arrives!
*Price excludes $80.00 Doc. fee. Price also excludes tax, title, and license. Plus government fees and taxes, any finance charges, any dealer document processing charge, any electronic filing charge and any emission testing charge. Estimated MPG and the Federal EPA is named as the source of the information. While every reasonable effort is made to ensure the accuracy of this information, we are not responsible for any errors or omissions contained on these pages. Please verify any information in question with Jimmy Vasser Toyota of Napa.


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Big Business wants cross-party support for ZCB
Today 11:00am - Companies responsible for nearly two-thirds of New Zealands greenhouse gas emissions are calling for cross-party support of zero-carbon legislation.
LSE reclassifies oil and gas producers
4 Jul 19 - Oil and gas companies listed on the London Stock Exchange have been reclassified under a non-renewable energy category in a move designed to distinguish between heavily polluting companies and greener producers.
Farm co-op makes it 100 for climate coalition
24 Jun 19 - Farmer co-operative LIC is the 100th organisation to join the Climate Leaders Coalition.
KELP KILLING: Fortunes being made from seaweed harvest
13 Jun 19 - Growing awareness of the climate crisis and a shift to plant-based diets have turned kelp farming into a thriving industry.
Only one firm signs up to investor guidelines
6 Jun 19 - Just one New Zealand company has signed up to international guidelines on disclosing climate exposure to investors.
Why scarred millennials want to punish business
29 May 19 - Years of economic uncertainty, growing inequality and fear of an inhospitable planet have created two generations prepared to punish companies whose motives they suspect, a new survey shows.
Bosch pledges to be carbon neutral by 2020
14 May 19 - The German conglomerate Bosch has promised to make its entire business carbon neutral by 2020.
Investment firms issue climate warnings
13 May 19 - Two major financial companies are issuing warnings to investors over climate change.
Banks hear they can't ignore climate dangers
23 Apr 19 - The global financial system faces an existential threat from climate change and must take urgent steps to reform, the governors of the Bank of England and Frances central bank have warned.
Carbon market pioneer Thomas Song dies
16 Apr 19 - A New Zealand carbon market pioneer has died.
Amazon employees push Bezos to get busy
15 Apr 19 - More than 4500 Amazon employees have urged the company to take aggressive action on climate change and reduce its carbon footprint.
Reserve Bank joins Pacific climate initiative
8 Apr 19 - New Zealands Reserve Bank is joining central banks across the Pacific in preparing for the impacts of climate change on the regions monetary systems.
Power companies eye EV-charging potential
8 Apr 19 - With electric vehicle sales climbing, utilities are investing in thousands of new EV charging stations, recognising that if they don't move now, they could lose out on a growing and increasingly...
Saudi oil company world's most profitable business
4 Apr 19 - Saudi Arabias state oil company has emerged as the most profitable business in the world, racking up profits of $111.1bn in 2018 to overtake Apple.
What Warren Buffett thinks about climate change
26 Mar 19 - Warren Buffetts home state of Nebraska is dealing with the aftermath of record flooding, but dont expect the billionaire investor to jump to the conclusion that climate change is responsible.
Big emitters join hands to buy carbon forests
15 Mar 19 - Four of New Zealands largest emitters are joining forces to supply their own carbon credits to meet obligations under the Emissions Trading Scheme.
Sorry, says expert, but Bitcoin can't be green
15 Mar 19 - Bitcoin cant be green even when it is powered by renewable energy, an expert says.
Report puts boardrooms on carbon liabilty notice
26 Feb 19 - The days of ignoring carbon prices and the risks associated with climate change are over, businesses are being told.
Insurers warn of slump in property prices
26 Feb 19 - Insurers say there is a risk of a climate change-related slump in property prices leading to financial turmoil.
More in the Business Archive
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Welcome to the Brewhouse Marayong, a place that locals come back to time and time again. The friendly staff, relaxed atmosphere and comfortable facilities combine with great quality and value for money food and drinks to make it the perfect place to meet with friends and family.
The family friendly environment is created with extensive casual dining areas, a value for money menu that includes a great selection for the kids, and a kids play area to keep them active and entertained while you relax. The kids play area is complete with a climbing frame and jumping castle.
The bistro is worth entry to the hotel alone. The chef combines contemporary dishes with traditional Australian pub favourites to ensure there is something for everyone. You'll enjoy dining in the vibrant atmosphere and relax knowing there's no better place to unwind. If you would like to take advantage of our 1/2 price meal with any main meal purchased, please go the Bistro page of this website, PRINT THIS VOUCHER, and present to staff or simply show staff on your smart phone. See details on voucher.
Our sports bar is perfect for anyone who likes a flutter or for those who just want to catch up with friends.
Any time you want to celebrate, we have a function room that comfortably seats up to 80 people. We have the passion and expertise to make sure your next function is truly memorable.
At the Brewhouse, we like rewarding our locals and have set up a 'Brewhouse Club Card' loyalty card. We invite you to join and enjoy the benefits.
The Brewhouse at Marayong continues to be one of Blacktown's favourite hotels. We look forward to welcoming you here soon.


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Reviewed by Ian T. (age 8)
My favorite part was when Coke and Pepsi where arguing about jumping off the cliff. It's my favorite part because I had to stop and take a deep breath because so much was going on. I like this book because the author uses real places, real things, and real states like The House on the Rock, The Largest Ball of Twine, and Minnesota. It's cool how the illustrator uses real pictures of some things like a cello, Pez dispensers, and a big mall. It's interesting how the illustrator shows signs so it tells me where the kids are. There are signs that say: Welcome to Kansas, Welcome to Utah, and Welcome to Lebanon.
I recommend this book for people 8 to 14 because if someone read it and they were older than 14 they might think there is too much stuff that isn't about the main idea. I think both girls and boys would like this book because it's about a boy and a girl.


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The Atlanta Falcons have plenty of draft needs that were exposed throughout the course of a 4-12 season in 2013, but the need for a pass rusher is apparently the one most glaringly obvious to star wide receiver Roddy White:
I would love for us to draft clowney if he is available but if he isn't we should trade out and stockpile players got a lot of holes to fill
— Roddy White (@roddywhiteTV) January 9, 2014
The Falcons have the No. 6 overall pick, and according to NFL Media analyst Daniel Jeremiah, their primary needs are for a defensive end, a tight end to replace retiring Tony Gonzalez and help on the offensive line. White, however, sees drafting Clowney as an assistance for two of those three needs.
Clowney helps the Oline they have to block him at practice
— Roddy White (@roddywhiteTV) January 9, 2014
White doesn't figure to be bumping Falcons general manager Thomas Dimitroff out of his chair any time soon, but that doesn't mean a respected, proven veteran such as White can't get his voice heard. Injuries hampered White's 2013 season and snapped a streak of six consecutive years with over 1,000 yards receiving.
Clowney figures to be among the top players chosen, despite making just three sacks on the season for South Carolina. At 6-foot-6 and 275 pounds, his reported sub-4.5 speed and ultra-quick first step give him the sort of pass rushing potential that NFL clubs deem so hard to find. Atlanta spent fourth- and fifth-round picks on defensive ends last year with Malliciah Goodman of Clemson and Stansly Maponga of TCU. Those two combined for just 13 tackles and no sacks in their rookie seasons.
White, for his part, thinks the Falcons offense is poised for a big season as it is.
The falcons are fine on offense as long as everyone is healthy for 16 games defense win championships so we need stops and turnovers
— Roddy White (@roddywhiteTV) January 9, 2014
Follow Chase Goodbread on Twitter @ChaseGoodbread.


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Dior Couture Fall 2012: Backstage Beauty
Electric hues, metallic shadows, and bold lips reigned supreme on this year's runway.
Dior's couture runway was anything but basic when it came to makeup. The look, designed by makeup master Pat McGrath, was cutting edge and colorful. With shimmering metallic shadow and elegant lines of neons, it was clear that there's nothing shy about this season's shades.
Models donned colorful cat eyes created with pigmented powder in neon pink, electric blue, and vibrant green as liner, while bold lips also took on a new form. Bright pinks and oranges were blended for an ombre-like pout, while skin was left matte and even.
The electric makeup complemented the classics-with-a-twist couture collection perfectly. Embrace fluorescent hues for homecoming with these runway-approved products.


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Northern Ireland
Every year College of Saint Benedict/Saint John's University welcomes a student from a Northern Ireland University with the Business Education Initiative (BEI).
By participating in the BEI program, we have the opportunity to nominate CSB/SJU students for the Irish American Scholar Program (IAS).
The Irish-American Scholars Program provides the opportunity for one or two qualified students per year the opportunity to study during a spring semester at a participating university in Northern Ireland. The University choices are below. This is our only operating exchange program.
The University Choices:
- Belfast Metropolitan College
- Queens University
- St. Mary's University College
- Stranmillis University College
- University of Ulster
This program is sponsored by the Catholic, Presbyterian, and United Methodist Churches, in cooperation with The Business Education Initiative and the government of Northern Ireland.
Program Highlights
- Northern Ireland is an exchange program for a student who really wants an independent experience where a student can choose from a big selection of classes, and it offers a program schedule that allows for a long study break in April for independent travel.
- Northern Ireland Universities offer all the services of a full comprehensive University with great library, many computer labs, plenty of classrooms, and athletic facilities.
- The program allows for a student who was thinking of an External Program to have this great individual experience while keeping all financial aid for that semester.
This program requires students to have a cumulative GPA of 3.2 or higher to participate on this program. Once selected on this program, CSB/SJU students will attend one of the five Northern Ireland Universities located in Belfast. Our students will be taking all of their classes with students from that university. Many students find that the academic structure in Northern Ireland much more independent. Instructors will lecture and assign readings just as they do at CSB/SJU but it is up to the individual student how much time and work they put into the class and when they complete the work. Most of the studying is done outside of the classroom so students need to be self-motivated. Evaluation is most often based on a final exam at the end of the semester or the year: it is not based on class participation, attendance, quizzes and tests throughout the semester.
Exact course selections at Northern Ireland are only available a few months before the semester begins, however courses tend to be repeated from year to year. Students will most likely be able to choose courses in their major or minor for that semester.
For more details on courses and credits please refer to page 2 of the Northern Ireland brochure.
Students live in accommodations similar to Residence Halls or Apartments depending on University placement. Housing will be determined after acceptance into the IAS program. Students will live with other international students or students from the home university.
Program Dates
Late January to early June
Financial Considerations
On this exchange program, CSB/SJU students pay the same tuition as if they would on campus. Instead of paying a Room and Board fee, all CSB/SJU students on study abroad pay an Education Abroad Fee. A great resource is the Financing your Experience brochure. This brochure includes estimates of what past participants spent on this program, along with information regarding scholarships and financial aid for study abroad.
Explore Further
- Program Advisor: Nichole Matuska, Center for Global Education


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Reel World
Skate Cinema
This Thursday, Jan. 10, the Guild Cinema will open its doors to the San Francisco-based UnderSkatement Film Festival. This annual touring film fest is entering its fourth year on the road, bringing edgy skateboard shorts to audiences across America and Canada. Among this year's lineup of films/videos are Mike Maniglia's "Gusto: Grindline," Rory Sheridan's "Behind the Griptape," Mike Wilson's "Skate Song" and Dan Wolfe's "Lost in the Fog." Hellz yeah! The show runs approximately an hour and 45 minutes and gets grinding at 8:30 p.m.
Film Review
The Orphanage
Atmospheric Spanish chiller will have audiences jumping at shadows
America no longer knows how to make horror movies--which explains why virtually every horror film Hollywood has extruded in the last five years has been a remake. A large percentage of those remakes haven't even been remakes of American movies. Take, for example, the recent release One Missed Call. It's an English-language retooling of a 2003 Japanese flick (just like The Ring, The Grudge and Dark Water before it). What's more, Warner Brothers didn't even bother hiring an American to shoot it; the company went out and plucked an obscure French director named Eric Valette (Maléfique) to helm it. Seen ads for The Eye, the upcoming supernatural thriller starring Jessica Alba? It was originally a Thai film. Now we have an American version directed by--guess who?--a couple of French guys. All of which begs the question: If you like horror, why are you bothering to watch American films in the first place?
Film Review
Moody musical biopic makes for a good mope
Dark, gloomy, slow and depressing: You've got to give credit to Control for one thing: The film fits its subject matter like a custom-tailored T-shirt.
Idiot Box
Struck Out
"The 65th Annual Golden Globe Awards" on CBS
"Here we are live on the red carpet at the 65th Annual Golden Globe Awards. Arriving on the red carpet right now is ... well, nobody. But if you squint real hard, I think you can see George Clooney standing behind the picket lines across the street. ... Back to you, Mary Hart!"
Week in Sloth
The Week in Sloth
"My Name is Earl" (KOB-4 7 p.m.) "Earl" and "30 Rock" hit their season finales a tad prematurely thanks to the writers' strike. On the plus side, we get summer reruns a whole three months early!
"Celebrity Rehab with Dr. Drew" (VH1 8 p.m.) Now here's a celebreality show that actually makes sense. Unfortunately, they couldn't land any of the A-list addicts like Lindsay, Britney or Amy Winehouse.
"My Big Redneck Wedding" (CMT 10:30 p.m.) Shucks, bubba, I'll bring the shotgun.


text: Whistler Homes & Chalets Spend a magical day in Whistler and then return to the comfort of a private home-away-from-home in one of Whistler's desirable neighbourhoods. A chalet or private home may be the perfect accommodation option for you. Whistler's 4 to 4.5 Star homes offer spacious and well-crafted accommodations that are close to Whistler's attractions but still private and quiet. Deluxe and Luxury Homes Falcons Nest Estate Northern Lights Pinnacle Ridge Montebello Cedar Hollow Cedar Ridge Glacier View Chalet Falcon Chalet


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April 24, 2007
Complete Release in PDF Format
Download Free Acrobat Reader
The Schedule
Thursday, April 26 - 5:30 p.m.
No. 4 UCSB (fourth seed) vs. No. 1 Pepperdine (first seed)
MPSF Tournament Semifinal
Firestone Fieldhouse
Malibu, Calif.
Live Online Audio
Live Online Pay-per-View Video
Ticket Information
All-session ticket packages are on sale at the Pepperdine Ticket Office (1-866-WAVE TIX) for $25. Single-session tickets will go on sale Thursday at the ticket office -- located on the southwest corner of Firestone Fieldhouse -- from 10 a.m. until 3 p.m. and are $15 for adults and $10 for students with valid IDs. Doors to Thursday's matches open at 4 p.m.
Against Pepperdine
Last Meeting: 4/14/07 at Pepperdine
Result: Pepperdine 3, UCSB 1 (30-24, 30-26, 25-30, 30-25)
2007 Series: Pepperdine leads 2-0
2006 Series: Tied 1-1
All-Time Series: Pepperdine leads 58-28
Last UCSB Win: 2/15/06 at UCSB
Result: UCSB 3, Pepperdine 2 (26-30, 30-27, 37-35, 20-30, 15-13)
Current Streak: Pepperdine three wins
All-Time MPSF Tournament Series: First meeting
UCSB in the MPSF Tournament
Appearances/Years: 9/2007, 2006, 2005, 2004, 2002, 1998, 1997, 1996, 1995
Overall Record: 7-8
Play-In Appearances/Years: 1/2006
Play-In Record: 0-1
Quarterfinal Appearances/Years: 8/2007, 2005, 2004, 2002, 1998, 1997, 1996, 1995
Quarterfinal Record: 6-2
Semifinal Appearances/Years: 6/2007, 2005, 2002, 1997, 1996, 1995
Semifinal Record: 1-4
Final Appearances/Years: 1/1996
Final Record: 0-1
Record vs. BYU: 1-0
Record vs. Hawai'i: 1-3
Record vs. Long Beach State: 2-2
Record vs. Stanford: 1-0
Record vs. UCLA: 2-3
Record at Robertson Gymnasium: 3-0
Record at Firestone Fieldhouse: 0-2
2007 MPSF Tournament Match-Ups
Play-In: Wed., April 18 @ CSUN
36-30, 30-23, 30-28
Quarterfinals: Sat., April 21
Match 1: #2 BYU 3, #7 CSUN 0
30-26, 30-28, 30-26
Match 2: #3 UC Irvine 3, #6 Hawai'i 2
26-30, 27-30, 30-23, 30-22, 15-11
Match 3: #4 UCSB 3, #5 UCLA 1
30-17, 37-35, 27-30, 30-27
Semifinals: Thurs., April 26 @ Pepperdine
Match 4: #1 PEPP vs. #4 UCSB, 5:30 pm
Match 5: #2 BYU vs. #3 UC Irvine, 8 pm
Final: Sat. April 28 @ Pepperdine
Winner match 4 vs. Winner match 5, 7 pm
UCSB Advances to Semis with 3-1 Win Over UCLA
The Gauchos defeated UCLA 3-1 Saturday in a MPSF quarterfinal in front of a season-high 1,157 fans at Rob Gym. UCSB won the first two sets by scores of 30-17 and 37-35 before UCLA came back to take game three 30-27. The Gauchos hit .208, their lowest percentage of the night, in game four, but held on to win 30-27. Evan Patak paced the Gaucho attack with 24 kills on .288 hitting. He added three aces, four digs, and a pair of blocks. Theo Brunner followed with 10 kills and had a match-high seven blocks. The Gauchos dominated at the net, out-blocking the Bruins 12.5 to 4.0. UCLA, the 2006 national and MPSF champion, was led by Steve Klosterman, who put away a match-high 28 kills. The Bruins, who ended UCSB's 2006 season in the MPSF play-in match, committed a stunning 31 service errors.
Victory Lap
UCSB's 20 wins this season are its most since finishing at 25-13 in 1989. Since 1971, the Gauchos have amassed 20 or more wins 13 times. UCSB's 14 MPSF victories ties its most ever (14-5 in 1995 and 1996). In addition, this year's fourth place league finish is the Gauchos' best since the MPSF went to a single division in 2002.
Mr. 2000 Closing in on Harris
Evan Patak has 2,086 career kills and is just 29 away from becoming UCSB's all-time leader. Donny Harris is the school's career kills king, amassing 2,114 put-aways from 1994 to 1997. Patak's match-high 25 kills against Cal State Northridge on April 6 put him over 2,000 for his career. Patak and Harris are the only two Gauchos in school history to eclipse the 2,000-kill mark.
Brunner, Kowalski, and Patak Earn All-MPSF Honors
Theo Brunner and Evan Patak were named to the 2007 All-MPSF First Team, while Bart Kowalski picked up All-MPSF Honorable Mention accolades. For Patak, it was his third selection as he was a first teamer in 2005 and a second teamer in 2004. The opposite was also tabbed the MPSF Newcomer of the Year in 2004. Brunner was an Honorable Mention selection in 2006 and 2005. Pepperdine setter Jonathan Winder was named the 2007 MPSF Player of the Year, BYU setter Yamil Perez was tabbed the Newcomer of the Year, and Pepperdine's Marv Dunphy won Coach of the Year honors.
Harris, Patak Named to MPSF 15th Anniversary Teams
Two UCSB men's volleyball players, one current and one former, were honored as the MPSF announced its 15th Anniversary Teams. Evan Patak was selected to the third team, while Donny Harris garnered honorable mention accolades. Harris played opposite hitter at UCSB from 1994-97. A three-time all-American and All-MPSF selection, he is UCSB's career kills leader with 2,114. Harris is also the Gauchos' all-time attack attempts leader (4,208) and is third in career aces (77), seventh in career digs (548), and 10th in total blocks (297). He also holds a UCSB single match record with 52 kills against Lewis in 1997. The La Cañada, Calif. native led the Gauchos in kills and attempts all four seasons that he played.
Hit Parade
At .365, UCSB is second in the country in attack percentage. The Gauchos led the MPSF, hitting .369 in league matches. UCSB is on pace to to set a new single season record for hitting as the current mark is .348, set in 2002. UCSB has hit over .400 13 times and is 19-0 when out-hitting its opponent. Middles Theo Brunner and David Kennedy are ranked nationally, with Brunner fourth (.543) and Kennedy 19th (.416). This season, the Gauchos have established a new rally era single season kill record with 1,802.
Ace (west of) Ventura
UCSB has been dangerous from the service line all season, collecting a single season record 210 aces to date. The Gauchos led the MPSF with an average of 1.84 aces per game. Evan Patak has a school single season record 109 aces this year and continues to lead the nation in that category at .973 per game. The next closest player in total aces is Paul Carroll of Pepperdine, who has 55. Patak and Bryan Berman have accounted for 139 of UCSB's 210 aces this season, 66%.
Shiny Happy People
UCSB hosted a season-high 1,157 fans for the UCLA quarterfinal on April 21. It was the second time Robertson Gymnasium had packed in over 1,000 this season as 1,068 came out for the Pepperdine match on Feb. 3. Last week's attendance was the highest since 1,422 crammed in on Jan. 27, 2001 vs. Stanford. The Robertson Gymnasium record is 2,935 vs. UCLA on April 12, 1997.
A Patak on the Back
Two-time All-American Evan Patak has been UCSB's offensive workhorse this season. He is the lone player in the nation with over 600 kills and has accounted for 1,262 of UCSB's 3,474 attempts this season (36%). The next closest Gaucho is Theo Brunner with 552 swings, 710 fewer than Patak. Patak has led UCSB in attempts in all 31 matches and has had double-digit kills in all but two contests. He's put down 30 or more seven times.
On the National Front
Gauchos among the national statistical leaders (all matches):
Ben Brockman: T-18th in digs (2.16)
Theo Brunner: 4th in hitting (.543)
David Kennedy: 19th in hitting (.416)
Bart Kowalski: 18th in assists (11.91)
Evan Patak: 1st in kills (5.76), 1st in aces (.973), 1st in points (7.09)
UCSB: 2nd in hitting (.365)
In the MPSF
Gauchos among the MPSF statistical leaders (MPSF matches only):
Bryan Berman: T-8th in aces (0.30)
Ben Brockman: 10th in digs (1.98)
Theo Brunner: 2nd in hitting (.531)
David Kennedy: 7th in hitting (.432)
Bart Kowalski: 7th in assists (11.93)
Evan Patak: 1st in kills (5.98), 1st in aces (1.02), 1st in points (7.40)
UCSB: 1st in hitting (.369), 1st in kills (16.26), 1st in aces (1.84), 1st in assists (15.37), 3rd in digs (9.12), 10th in blocks (2.50)
Milestone/Record Watch
Evan Patak got his 2,000th career kill vs. CSUN on April 6...Bryan Berman collected his 500th career dig at Pepperdine on April 14...Berman is 9 aces short of 100 for his career, which would make him just the second Gaucho in history with triple-digit aces (Patak is the other)...With 26 assists at Cal Baptist on March 27, Bart Kowalski moved into fifth on UCSB's career list...At .543, Theo Brunner is on pace to smash his own single season hitting record of .486, set in 2005...Brunner got his 800th career kill vs. Northridge on April 6...At .365, UCSB is on pace to break its single season hitting mark of .348, set in 2002...This year, UCSB set new rally era single season records for kills and digs, as well as an all-time single season record for aces...Ken Preston collected his 500th career win this season.
Preston Joins Half-Grand Club
With a 3-0 sweep at IPFW March 3, UCSB head coach Ken Preston collected his 500th career victory. Including 2007, Preston has 19 winning seasons under his belt and nine campaigns with 20 or more victories. Preston is in his 29th season leading the Gauchos after taking over the reigns in 1979.
Double-Double With Cheese
Three Gauchos have recorded a total of five double-doubles this season:
Evan Patak (2): 32 kills, 17 digs at Hawai'i (2/8); 40 kills, 13 digs at Pacific (1/12)
Aaron Richman (2): 10 kills, 10 digs at UCLA (2/23); 14 kills, 10 digs vs. Cal State Northridge (1/6)
Armen Zakarian (1): 11 kills, 10 digs vs. Cal State Northridge (1/6)
UCSB Grabs Four During Early Signing Period
Ben Douglas (Mountain View, Calif.), Jeff Menzel (Santa Barbara, Calif.), Blaine Nielsen (Corona del Mar, Calif.), and Jake Scalise (San Marcos, Calif.) have committed to play for the Gauchos in 2008. Douglas is a 6'6" outside hitter from Mountain View High School. A member of the Spartans' varsity team since he was a freshman, Douglas is in his fourth year with the Bay to Bay Volleyball Club. Menzel is a local standout from San Marcos High School. The 6'5" opposite/outside hitter is a two-time All-CIF honoree and a 2006 All-Channel League First Team member. A versatile athlete, Menzel is also a first team all-league basketball player and a wide receiver on the Royals' football team. Nielsen is a 6'4" outside hitter out of Corona del Mar High School. A 2006 All-Pacific Coast League selection, Nielsen captained the Sea Kings to a league title and a second place finish in CIF Division II. In 2005, Corona del Mar won the CIF crown. At the club level, Nielsen captained Balboa Bay to Junior Olympics bronze medals in 2005 and 2006. Scalise is a 6'2" outside hitter from Mission Hills High School of the Division II Valley League. An all-league first team and San Diego County all-section pick, Scalise was also tabbed Mission Hills' MVP.
Pepperdine Points
Top-ranked and top-seeded Pepperdine has won 22 straight matches. Its lone loss of the season came against Long Beach State (3-2) on Jan. 19. The Waves won 21 MPSF matches this year, setting an all-time record for most conference wins in a season by any MPSF team, dating back to 1970. Setter Jonathan Winder was named the MPSF Player of the Year, while Marv Dunphy was tabbed the league's Coach of the Year. Pepperdine, which won the 2005 National Championship, is making its 14th appearance in the MPSF Tournament. In 2006, the Waves defeated Cal State Northridge 3-0 in the quarters and were swept by eventual national champion UCLA in the semis. Statistically, the Waves are out-hitting opponents .345 to .238 and out-blocking opponents 3.53 to 2.29. Paul Carroll is second in the nation in kills (5.67) and points (6.80) and fourth in aces (.579). Winder ranks second in assists (13.36) and Tom Hulse is third in blocks (1.90).


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Every educator has their own approach for giving feedback. Because we know that engagement and learning often occur through an iterative process of drafting, incorporating feedback, and submitting revisions, the Microsoft Teams Assignments service is built around how real classrooms function. The turn in, review, and return process addresses learning scenarios like these:
Undo turn in A student decides to improve an assignment after they've turned it in before the due date.
Return and Turn in again A teacher returns student work before the due date and requests an addition or revision, allowing the student to turn in the assignment again.
Late turn-ins allowed Return work and allow students to turn in additions or revisions after the due date has passed.
Checkboxes Return work and assess scores on a rolling basis rather than all at once.
Analytics dashboard Track student engagement with an assignment as the counter updates with how many students have viewed the assignment's details or turned in their work.
Review and return assignments
Navigate to the General channel in the desired classroom, then select Assignments.
Tip: Search for any assignment by keyword in the search bar.
Navigate to the assignment you'd like to review and select it. Then, select Review.
View details on student progress:
Analytics dashboard
Displays a counter of how many students in your class have viewed and turned in the assignment so far. Includes the number of assignments you have left to review.
Each student's name has a checkbox next to it so you can choose individual students to return work to. The checkbox at the very top selects every students' name. Select the arrow to sort students in ascending or descending alphabetical order.
Student work
Any documents you specified to be turned in are attached here. Select a student's status to view their work in full-screen mode.
If the student's work is late and it's past the due date, you'll see a Late notification. Students who have not turned in work will show as Not turned in. You'll see Returned if you've already returned the assignment to that student.
5. Select a box under Feedback to add comments for a student.
6. Add points if have designated points for this assignment. For example: 3.7/4.0 or 88/100.
7. Select the top checkbox to return work to all students or select the checkboxes next to individual student names.
8. Select Return. The students you selected will receive a notification that their assignment has been returned.
Update feedback and return again
When you've requested that students submit a revised assignment after you've returned it, revisit the assignment by opening it and selecting Review. You'll see an updated time and date stamp in the student's row. Repeat the steps above to update your feedback and return the assignment again.
If you'd like to continue accepting turn-ins after the due date has passed, flip the Late turn-in allowed toggle to Yes. Flip it back to No when you're no longer accepting turn-ins for this assignment.
To review assignments in full-screen mode, select a student's status to open their work. Use the arrows to navigate from student to student. Feedback and and points you enter will be saved automatically. While in full-screen mode, open and view documents students have turned in using OneNote Online, Word Online, PowerPoint Online, or Excel Online.
Turn in and revise work when you're a student
To turn in an assignment, select its assignment card. Depending on the status of your assignment, you may be turning your work in on time, late, or submitting revised work after it's been returned to you.
Navigate to the General channel in the desired classroom, then select Assignments. You can also use your search bar to search for an assignment by keyword.
Your assignments will show as cards organized by the date they are due. Select any assignment card to open it and view the assignment's details.
Tip: Select the Expansion icon (diagonal, double sided arrow) to work in full-screen mode.
If your teacher specified a document for you to turn in or you have other files to attach to this assignment, select +Add and upload your file. It's possible to work on Office files right from this screen--no need to leave the app.
If you're turning in the assignment for the first time before the due date, select Turn in. You'll see a time and date stamp recording your turn-in.
Here are other options for turning in your work:
Undo turn in
Take back an assignment you've already turned in to make changes before the due date.
Turn in again
Turn in work after making revisions to an assignment you've already turned in. For example: Your teacher has returned it to you and asked for changes, or you've decided to revise your work before the due date.
Turn in late
Turn in work after the due date for the assignment has passed. This means your teacher is accepting late turn-ins. You might be turning in the assignment for the first time or submitting a revision after it's been returned to you.
Not turned in
Your teacher is no longer accepting turn-ins for the assignment and you won't be able to turn in work.


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text: After more than two years of conflict and destruction, Yemen is on the brink of famine with over 17 million people – two-thirds of the country's population – not knowing where their next meal is coming from. WFP is scaling up its emergency operations to provide food assistance for those most urgently in need of support in one of the world's worst hunger crises. In July, WFP aims to provide food assistance to 6.8 million severely hungry people. Of these, 3.3 million people living in areas most at risk of slipping into famine will receive full food rations. The rest will receive 60 percent rations due to shortages of funding.


text: .\" Copyright (c) 1985, 1991 Regents of the University of California. .\" All rights reserved. .\" .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without .\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions .\" are met: .\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. .\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the .\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. .\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software .\" must display the following acknowledgement: .\" This product includes software developed by the University of .\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. .\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors .\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software .\" without specific prior written permission. .\" .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND .\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE .\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE .\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE .\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL .\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS .\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) .\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT .\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY .\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF .\" SUCH DAMAGE. .\" .\" from: @(#)ieee.3 6.4 (Berkeley) 5/6/91 .\" $Id: nextafter.3,v 1.4 2004/12/20 21:35:46 scp Exp $ .\" .Dd January 28, 2003 .Dt NEXTAFTER 3 .Os .Sh NAME .Nm nextafter .Sh SYNOPSIS .Fd #include <math.h> .Ft double .Fn nextafter "double x" "double y" .Ft long double .Fn nextafterl "long double x" "long double y" .Ft float .Fn nextafterf "float x" "float y" .Sh DESCRIPTION The .Fn nextafter functions return the next machine representable number from .Fa x in direction .Fa y . .Sh SPECIAL VALUES .Fn nextafter "x" "y" raises the "overflow" and "inexact" floating-point exceptions for x finite and the function value infinite. .Pp .Fn nextafter "x" "y" raises the "underflow" and "inexact" floating-point exceptions for the function value subnormal or zero and x not equal to y. .Sh SEE ALSO .Xr math 3 .Sh STANDARDS The .Fn nextafter functions conform to ISO/IEC 9899:1999(E).


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Karlos Dansby was a certified offseason steal for the Arizona Cardinals in 2013.
After being released by the Miami Dolphins, the inside linebacker returned to the desert on a one-year deal and proceeded to have one the best seasons of his career.
Dansby, 32, would like to remain in Arizona, and the Cardinals have been open in their preference to keep their leading tackler in the building.
During a Friday interview with KMVP-FM in Arizona, Cardinals coach Bruce Arians gave an indication as to how aggressive the team has been in their attempts to lock up Dansby.
"There's no doubt -- we offered Karlos a contract the day after the season ended," Arians said. "We're still in the negotiating process, but he's a major part because of what he brought to the table for us as a leader.
"We definitely would love to have him back."
Dansby is ranked No. 40 on ATL's list of the top 101 free agents. If the Cardinals can't get a deal done and choose not to use their franchise tag, Dansby will find no shortage of suitors on the open market.
Consider it a surprise if it gets that far.
The latest edition of the "Around The League Podcast" works through our top 101 free agents and responds to some heat from Donte Whitner.