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What's the difference between UDP and TCP?
A Gentle Introduction: something's missing
In a previous hub, I discussed the foundations of computer networking by breaking down problem domains along physical, logical, and network boundaries. Here's a quick review:
- Layer 1: the physical layer guides the signal along a physical path.
- Layer 2: the logical layer describes how the signal is encoded and takes care of individually addressing the local area network (LAN) participants.
- Layer 3: the network layer facilitates communication between LANs and WANs by defining addressing schemes and reachability between routers.
The network layer is an abstraction that allows communication between two hosts, regardless of whether those two hosts are on the same LAN or separated by many routed hops.
So what's missing? Isn't that what the Internet is all about? Yes and no. Without this foundation, there would be no Internet. But routing information between two hosts is only the beginning.
More about ports and protocols
Layer 4: the transport layer
If we only communicate on a one-to-one basis between Internet hosts, we can stop at layer 3. But what happens when there is more than one application on your computer that needs to talk to more than one application on a given remote IP address?
Consider the way you're reading this hub. Perhaps you landed directly on HubPages.com, or maybe you found your way here through a search engine. But how did you begin? You had a concept in mind, a label, a series of words. Let's go with "HubPages.com" as a simple example. How does your browser take a human-readable label like HubPages.com and translate it into a routable IP address? With a DNS query - ask the question "hubpages.com", get back the answer 184.108.40.206. Now what? Now the browser knows to contact the web server running on 22.214.171.124. Your browser, the web server hosting hubpages.com, and the DNS server are all software applications running on different computers. What if DNS and the web server run on the same server, the same IP address? How does the information get to the right place?
Layer 4, the transport layer, provides a way to address individual processes per computer, allowing for interprocess communication. Each interprocess stream designates a protocol, a client port, and a server port. The transmission control protocol (TCP) and user datagram protocol (UDP) are two different types of transports within the TCP/IP family. Client programs initiate the communication, and server programs passively listen and respond to client requests. How does a client know which protocol and port to specify? Established services such as DNS and web have well-known ports (udp/53 and tcp/80, respectively).
UDP encapsulation
Brief history review
Consider the historical context of the development of the protocols that make up today's Internet. The existing global network of the 1970s was the telephone network. End nodes were pretty dumb: a telephone only needs to signal what destination it wants to reach, and transduce audio to and from electrical signals. All the smarts were in the network to route calls via end-to-end circuit switching.
By contrast, Internet communication consists of the exchange of packets. This packet-based networking concept was revolutionary when it was first introduced: by breaking up information into independent datagrams, it defied the dominant concept of dedicated circuits maintained by the global telephone networks. At the early stages of the Internet, engineers recognized that the network didn't need to be smart if the nodes are. The network just needs to be fast and dumb. But mostly fast. So they engineered the protocols to push the status (state) of point-to-point communications to be maintained by the participating nodes, not by the network devices in between.
When a packet arrives on an intermediary network device, the only question it has to ask is "what's the fastest way to move this packet closer to its destination?" and then take appropriate action. All the state of communication is maintained on the client and on the server. The network in between is essentially an unknown, a black box.
User Datagram Protocol
Like a telegram, a datagram is a self-contained packet containing details of who sent it and to whom, and of course, message content. Consider our previous example of a DNS query: the packet sent out will have all the information needed to route to the DNS server, ask the question about the hostname, and route the response to the querier.
On an Ethernet segment, this packet will have several layers of encapsulation:
- source and destination of local area network participants (my device and its default router)
- source and destination of IP endpoints (my device and the DNS server)
- source and destination port of DNS query (my dns client and the DNS service port)
- finally, the actual DNS query is the UDP payload
The process of sending packets by UDP is similar to sending parcels by postal service. Once sent, there is no guarantee beyond "best effort" of in-order arrival at the destination.
All in all, UDP doesn't provide much beyond layer 3 IP except for the designation of source and destination ports. Because it is connection-less (packet-based), it doesn't impose any overhead for tracking status. However, the trade-off for lower latency (faster performance) is that applications must deal with the consequences of any packets that are lost or received in a different order than they were sent.
Reads like an action novel
Recommended by my comp sci prof, once I started this book I couldn't put it down. Very accessible narrative describing the problems encountered by the engineers involved in the original Internet project, ARPANET.
Transmission Control Protocol
For a relatively small price in overhead (processing power) and performance (latency), TCP offers the advantages of connection-oriented behavior. For the duration of a "connection," packets are guaranteed to be delivered in the same order as they were sent.
As shown in the diagram labeled "TCP States", the logic behind TCP can be overwhelming. [image withdrawn pending request to publish sent to copyright holder] We'll briefly touch on the highlights, but if you're interested in a deeper dive, post your question in the comment section below.
Three Way Handshake
To open a connection, the client sends an empty payload to the server with the SYN flag, initial SEQ number, local port, and server port set in the TCP header. If the server is listening for new connections on the specified port, it will respond with an ACK for the client's SEQ number, a SYN for its own, and typically an empty payload. (If no server application is registered as listening on the given port, a TCP RST [reset] flag will be returned instead of SYN/ACK to tell the client that the requested service is not available.) To complete the three-way handshake, the client returns an ACK for the server's initial SEQ. Once the connection has been established, TCP payloads can flow in either direction (full duplex).
The following description of sender and receiver can refer to either client or server. As octets are received from the TCP stream, the receiver increments the sender's SEQ by the receive count to send back as an ACK. The sender sets the FIN flag to signal end of transmission, and either party may signal RST to reset the connection in the event of an unrecoverable error.
To achieve guaranteed delivery and connection-like performance (like a telephone call), TCP uses a combination of timers and SEQ numbers (and related ACKs) to determine whether to retransmit segments given up for lost. This timeout before retransmit leads to a potential latency issue over lossy networks.
The client and server processes do not control and are not aware of where the packet boundaries occur in the transmission of data. To say that another way, there's no way for a receiver to tell the end of one packet from the beginning of another. Applications are left to encode boundaries in-line, within the data stream.
Pro's and Con's of TCP vs UDP
low (same as underlying network)
can be perceptibly higher on lossy networks
Payload boundary
lost in the streaming overhead
best effort, no guarantee
Order of arrival
best effort, no guarantee
guaranteed to arrive in same order as sent
postal service
telephone call
Examples of well-known TCP and UDP services
The Internet we all know and love today would not be possible apart from the workhorse protocols and software implementations that keeps packets flowing. Below is a brief list of some well-known protocols and applications.
- Web Server
World wide web servers offer access to HTML documents
HTTP tcp/80
HTTP/SSL tcp/443
- Domain Name Service
Name lookup to resolve to Internet Protocol addresses
DNS udp/53
- Simple Mail Transport Service
Server to server communication forms the backbone of email service
SMTP tcp/25
Visual illustrations of protocols in action
Practical review of widely-used code that implements TCP/IP protocols
Further reading
Wikipedia has in-depth discussions on TCP and UDP, as well as other transport protocols not covered in this hub.
The late Richard Stevens wrote definitive references on the principles of TCP/IP and writing programs that use these protocols.
Van Jacobson is a principal architect behind much of the logic of TCP.
Further extensions on standard TCP/IP suite
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HomeJul 10
The NTL Pension Association exists to represent the interests of members of the NTL Pension Plan. We extend a warm welcome to all visitors to this site.
If you are an NTLPA member, please log-in on the right side of this page to view a wider selection of postings. This includes a selection of "Press Cuttings" concerning pension matters amongst many other items likely to be of interest to members.
If you are member of the NTL Pension Plan, but have not yet joined NTLPA please take a look at About Us, then consider becoming an NTLPA member by joining the Association. This page contains the necessary forms for postal or online applications. The Association is open to all Plan members whether pensioner, deferred or a dependant of a former member. We look forward to hearing from you soon.
Next Pub Lunch
The next committee meeting will be held on Friday 19th July 2019. This will be followed, from about 12.30, by an informal pub lunch in Stockbridge that all members and friends are welcome to attend. This will be held at the White Hart (SO20 6HF). If there are any issues that you would like the committee to consider please email the Secretary (link). Future dates for 2019 are 20th September and 15th November.
Virgin Media discount offer
The discounted service offer for members living in cabled areas has been updated. Logged in members can view details here. If you decide to apply for this offer please also let us know by emailing email@example.com so that we can check that things go smoothly.
The 2019 NTLPA AGM will be held on Saturday 5th October at the Emley Moor site in Yorkshire. Please put the date in your diary. Some members are staying overnight on the Saturday and will no doubt have a glass or two in The Tree Acres nearby. There will be a tour of the Emley Moor complex and a talk about its role in life as the Arqiva national control centre.
You have probably been bombarded with emails recently about the recent changes to legislation aimed at protecting personal data. We have considered the implications of this for NTLPA and have produced a policy statement on this, the current version of which can be seen here.
Christmas at Crawley Court
Do you remember the occasional Christmas Pantomime at Crawley Court? Well an old script of one has just turned up. If you'd like to relive the experience(!) it can be seen here. We don't know the author(s) or the year, although 1993 is mentioned in the script, but the players are detailed on page 1. If you have any more information (or scripts!) please email the webmaster.
The 2019 spring golf competition took place on Thursday 4th April 2019. For full details click here.
The autumn meeting will be held on Thursday 3rd October. See here for details.
Email appeal from the Secretary!
We have valid email addresses for most members but we have never had addresses for a few of you who joined before email was commonplace. Also, a few of you may have changed email address and forgotten to notify us. This may (or may not) give rise to error messages which annoy our Secretary! We don't email a lot, we sent pub lunch reminders to those within reasonable distance (and you can opt in or out of this), and occasionally notifications of other events such as our AGM. You can also choose to receive the newsletter by email rather than in print. So please, if you are no longer getting emails from us, or never have, please contact the secretary (details in Contact Us link above) with your details. Don't worry if you don't use email or prefer not to hear from us that way, you will still get everything, apart from topical items, in the newsletter – but you may not get them as quickly.
Official website for NTL Pension Plan
The official website for the NTL Pension Plan is operated by the Plan administrators, Punter Southall, on behalf of the Plan Trustees. The site contains all the key documents relating to the Plan such as the Plan Rules and Trust Deed, financial reports to the Trustees and Plan valuations. It also contains helpful documents and links for members. Documents that have been superceded are still available, for reference, in an Archive section.
The site is available to all plan members at www.ntlpensionplan.com. The site now requires a logon and details of this can be found on page 4 of the August 2017 Members' annual newsletter from the Trustees. Do take a look and let one of the NTLPA committee know if you think any further improvements could be made. We'll feed suggestions back to the Trustees.
Do you have a query or suggestion? Then please use our on-line feedback form when submitting questions or ideas. In addition, use the same form to contact the committee at any time if you have any matters you would like to raise.

subset: commoncrawl


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Ning Hsu Awarded Dissertation Completion Fellowship
Ning Hsu, a doctoral student in the Department of Speech and Hearing Science, has been awarded the Dissertation Completion Fellowship from the Graduate College. Forty-five departments from across campus submitted a total of 74 nominations and, of those, 29 nominations from 27 departments were selected for awards.
The competition included two stages of review. Each nomination was first reviewed by one of the Fellowship Board's four Area Committees, then finalists were reviewed by the Executive Committee. Each Area Committee is comprised exclusively of faculty members; the Executive Committee is comprised of faculty along with two graduate students. The Graduate College's Dissertation Completion Fellowships help outstanding students complete the doctoral degree by providing a one-year stipend of $20,000, along with coverage of tuition, service fee, health service fee, AFMFA fee, library fee, and basic dental and vision coverage. In addition, the Fellow will receive partial payment of the graduate student health insurance fee per semester.
The intent is to free Fellows from assistantships and other work obligations, allowing them to devote themselves full-time to the completion of the dissertation. The criteria used in making the awards include the significance of the research, as reflected in the nominee's proposal and the letters of support, the student's productivity and efficient progress toward the degree as shown in the academic record, and the likelihood that the student will defend and deposit the dissertation by August 2017.
Ning's research interests involve language development throughout childhood and developmental language disorders. She is particularly interested in studying language development and the potential trait markers of language disorders with a cross-language perspective between Mandarin and English.
Congratulations, Ning, on this outstanding honor!


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Samsung Galaxy Grand Prime – T-Mobile GSM Quad-Core Android Phone w/ 8MP Camera – Gray
Product Features:
The Samsung Galaxy Core Prime for T-Mobile combines the features and apps you can't live without with the style and speed to keep up with your daily life. Taking and sharing photos is a cinch with the crisp, 8MP primary camera. Stay up to the minute with real-time social…
Price as on: 2018-06-11 08:48:00


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Very fortunately, there are a number of treatments that deal with unsightly, and often painful and medically significant, enlarged veins.
Olympia, Washington (PRWEB) July 19, 2017
A July 7th article on Bustle describes 11 "surprising habits" that may sometimes lead to, or worsen, varicose veins in some patients, according to medical experts. Washington State medical clinic Northwest Vein & Aesthetic Center notes that, while avoiding certain not-so-good practices, like excessive sitting or standing, or regularly nicking yourself while shaving your legs, and taking up such good habits as building up leg muscles with regular, low-impact exercise can definitely help to slow the spread of enlarged veins, varicose and smaller spider veins will still arise in some patients due to such factors as genetics and age. The center points out that, very fortunately, there are a number of treatments that deal with unsightly, and often painful and medically significant, enlarged veins.
Northwest Vein & Aesthetic Center notes that, in the past, the surgery commonly referred to as vein stripping was the primary medical intervention for the treatment of varicose veins. However, the clinic notes that this procedure has mostly been replaced by a number of highly effective minimally invasive treatments that are helping thousands of patients. These treatments include Varithena, a non-surgical, injection based intervention which can be highly effective for patients with problems in the great saphenous vein (GSV) region. The clinic notes, however, that other patients may benefit more from Venefit, a technique that harnesses the power of radiofrequencies emitted through a catheter to close off and seal veins. In other cases, endovenous laser treatment (EVLT) uses highly focused heat to close off veins. A newer solution, known under the brand name of Venaseal, employs tiny amounts of a medical adhesive to close off veins via a catheter.
There are also a number of innovations in terms of making patients more comfortable, adds Northwest Vein & Aesthetic Center. The clinic says that, in addition to dramatically reducing the level of discomfort through minimally invasive procedures, there has also been progress in terms of helping patients to relax while procedures are performed using local anesthetic and light sedation. Specifically, the center points to its use of Virtual Reality Anxiety Reduction Technology (VR), which has been shown to greatly reduce not only stress, but also the perception of discomfort, by providing a patient with a fully immersive environment produced via state-of-the-art audio-visual technology.
Readers who would like to learn more about what Northwest Vein & Aesthetic Center can do for patients dealing with enlarged veins and other issues are invited to call (253) 948-4378. They can also visit the center online at http://nwveins.com/. The public can take advantage of the clinic at its two Washington state locations in Olympia and Gig Harbor.


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Hello, lovelies!
I know it's already November, but when this video was suppose to go up I decided to make 'SOMETHING WICKED' LIVE instead because it was Halloween but I think it's good video and I didn't want to discard it! Plus, last time I filmed this video you guys fell in love with this box as much as I did. Soooo! I decided to make another one showcasing october's edition. October's theme was all about the complexion! Did you think it was worth it? Let me know in the comments.
Watch this video on my Youtube Channel


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The kitchen is often considered the heart of the home, whether you're an aspiring Jamie Oliver or the cook to a hectic and busy family, we all spend hours in the kitchen, so naturally it makes sense to invest in your kitchen accessories and furnishings.
With a room as functional as a kitchen, it's important to look at window dressings practically. However, this does not mean you have to choose functionality over style. With all the cooking, washing and other activities always happening in the kitchen, it's important your window dressings can withstand high temperatures, humidity and splashes. Having blinds that can withstand the kitchen environment ensures you are making an investment into kitchen blinds that will look great for years to come.
At Blinds Boutique, we offer a diverse and distinct collection of blinds for kitchens, ensuring we have something perfect for every requirement. Our blinds for kitchens are available in a huge range of colours, styles and configurations, meaning every unique taste and personality is sure find something they 100% love. A large number of our blind styles are available in waterproof and fire retardant materials, making them even more efficient for your kitchen. Both materials are very easy to wipe clean, perfect for those splashes from cooking and from the sink. No longer will you have to spend time cleaning your kitchen blinds as a simple wipe will have them clean immediately!
Not only will our kitchen blinds inject some style into your kitchen, they also come with a range of other benefits. From their practical wipe clean properties and resistance to mould and mildew, they will also increase your privacy as well as help you to make those all-important energy savings with their excellent insulation properties, ensuring the heat from your kitchen is stopped from escaping through the windows.
If you want to start reaping the benefits of our fantastic blinds for kitchens, contact one of our friendly team today to find out more about how we can help you transform your home and kitchen with our stunning range of blinds for kitchens by Blinds Boutique.


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About bmx
Ford Fiesta ST
mk5 anti roll bar sizes help
bmx posted a topic in VW R Forumhi, could anyone tell me the different sizes of antiroll bars fitted to the mk5 golf, at a guess i would have thought the r32 had the biggest but need sizes if possible front and rear. thanks al
From MK IV R32 to Edt 30
bmx replied to Gemmzl's topic in VW Golf GTi Forumas an edition 30 owner myself, i had ago in my friends mk4 r32 last week. lets just say iam more than happy with the edition 30. go for it you will not be dissapointed
i did the front arb on my TT quattro. is it a similar job to that?
both bars fitting guide if possible but front is the most wanted please
anti rollbar swap.... fitting guide ?
bmx posted a topic in VW R Forumdoes anyone know of a fitting guide for the ARB's on a mk5 Golf? without having a look i wondered if anyone knew what the job entailed, ie does it involve droping the subframe like on the mk4 chassis.
anti rollbar swap.... fitting guide ?
bmx posted a topic in VW Golf GTi Forumdoes anyone know of a fitting guide for the ARB's on a mk5 Golf? without having a look i wondered if anyone knew what the job entailed, ie does it involve droping the subframe like on the mk4 chassis.
my eddie is gonna be run in by this weekend so its time for a good blast. remap is next on the adgenda. just fancied the carbon intake for looks really, dont want to change the filter element as im not a fan of aftermarket filters. RR is the inlet area larger on the carbonio scoop, or is it just a different shape?
[ QUOTE ] links to aforementioned items please... [/ QUOTE ] oettinger carbonio
oettinger and carbonio air intake?
bmx posted a topic in VW Golf GTi Forumare they the same ? they look the same
i had a helious blue mk1 gti campaign 16 years ago and my mate had a lahsa green gti, they looked fantastic at the time, dont realy see either anymore do you
[ QUOTE ] Remember the MK2 16 Valve GTI? Oak green was pretty much the most sought after colour... [/ QUOTE ] yeh and the mk1 gti in lahsa green was nice too
Reason to NOT go to shows like Donny!
bmx replied to Chungster's topic in VW Golf GTi Forumwow thats really bad, even worse that they just used one jack an ragged it out when they had got each wheel of by the looks of it. arseholes
[ QUOTE ] How did you make 307bhp? Lovely car [/ QUOTE ] cheers the power increase is just from a remap , there are 3 or 4 tuners doing them now. bhp is normally 307bhp but some have seen 312bhp. ed at aps said they have a remap available next week also
[ QUOTE ] BMX, any chance you could answer the question about the rear valence? Thinking about getting a silver ED30 and not sure about the fully painted standard version. Ta. [/ QUOTE ] i painted the valance myself with satin black, its very difficult to mask up properly, it took 2 hours to do. to paint it you need to scotch the panel well to key it and clean it off with cely thinners. easy job really good luck
advice on re-mapping
bmx replied to gtc197's topic in VW Golf GTi Forum[ QUOTE ] I still find it intersting that SEAT dropped the Brembos/AP off the new leon because they had heat disapation problems during there extensive testing that Brembo could not come up with a fix for, and so they went with the R32 sourced brakes. [/ QUOTE ] and another strange thing, why didnt vw put the r32 fronts on the ed30 as seat did with the leon cupra?


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How to be a Beach Babe
Molly Griffin
June 4, 2015
Is it summer yet?! Well, although summer may still be a few short weeks away, there's no reason it can't be poolside and beach babe season. The sun is shining and the soft sand is calling your name, so it's time to fill your beach bag with glossy fashion magazines, no-thought-required beach reads, plenty of sunscreen, and hit the swim scene in major summer style.
So, what's in your summer splash style arsenal? Big floppy hat to shield those pesky UV rays? Check. Chic floral cover-up to boost your confidence and camouflage your muffin top? Don't leave home without it. A retro floral print bikini to soak up the sunshine? A must have this season. And last but not least, a fun floral beach bag to haul all your essentials? Check!
Every beach babe needs a big floppy hat in their summer style essentials wardrobe. And this summer is no exception. Head on over to affordable retailer Old Navy and stock up on swim essentials, including a fabulous hat to protect your tresses and shield your eyes from the sun's rays.
Easy, breezy, and effortless cool, throw this cover-up on, on your way to the pool. Super comfy, and chic, this cover up is modest enough to wear to a beachside café for an early summer dinner al fresco.
This retro glam swimsuit is the perfect hybrid of a modest one-piece swimsuit and a flirty retro two-piece suit. Flaunt a bit of skin without revealing too much in this Betty Boop meets sailor inspired suit. Oh, and did we mention it's from super fashion forward affordable clothier H&M? Nothing to lose!
What's a beach babe to do without a ginourmous oh-so-glamorous beach bag to tote all her sunning essentials? Go big, or go home, right? And while you're at it, go floral too. What's not to love about this vibrant floral print, watercolor print inspired beach tote? Looks like this is a must have for sunning in style!
Besides some great sunblock, what's your beach must have?


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The national rail company, Korea Train Express (KTX), operate bullet-train services from Incheon Airport.
As an advice for passengers, only a few number of services that runs from and to Seoul operate directly from Incheon Airport.
KTX serves five lines from Incheon Airport to other destinations. Every single one of them just stops at Seoul Station. Their departing time and frequency may vary. See the information below:
-Gyeongbu Line: This line just departs from Incheon Airport to Busan. Stops: Incheon Airport, Geomam, Seoul, Gwangmyeong, Cheonan-Asan, Osong, Daejeon, Gimcheon-Gumi, Dongdaegu, Singyeongju, Ulsan, Busan. Schedule: 06:55 am, 09:10 am, 12:07 pm, 16:30 pm, 18:35 pm, 20:38 pm.
-Gyeongjeon Line: From Incheon Airport to Jinju. Stops: Incheon Airport, Geomam, Seoul, Cheonan-Asan, Daejeon, Dongdaegu, Miryang, Changwon Jungang, Masan, Jinju. Schedule: 12:50 pm.
-Donghae Line: From Incheon Airport to Pohang. Stops: Incheon Airport, Geomam, Seoul, Gwangmyeong, Osong, Daejeon, Gimcheon-Gumi, Dongdaegu, Pohang. Schedule: 12:07 pm.
-Honam Line: From Incheon Airport to Mokpo. Stops: Incheon Airport, Geomam, Seoul, Yongsan, Gwangmyeong, Cheonan-Asan, Osong, Gongju, Iksan, Jeongeup, Gwangju-Songjeong, Naju, Mokpo. Schedule: 09:35 am, 15:45 pm.
-Jeolla Line: From Yongsan to Yeosu-Expo. Stops: Incheon Airport, Geomam, Seoul, Yongsan, Gwangmyeong, Cheonan-Asan, Gongju, Iksan, Jeonju, Namwon, Gokseong, Guryegu, Suncheon, Yeocheon, Yeosu-Expo. Schedule: 15:45 pm.
For further information regarding schedules, click here.
If you wish to travel to another station which is not mentioned on the table above, you will need to transfer to either Seoul or Yongsan stations.
KTX trains stop at the Transport Centre, which is located adjacent to the terminal building. For this service it is used a different platform (not the same as AREX).
See below the estimated fares:
-To Seoul Station: 12,500 won.
-To Yongsan Station: 12,800 won.
In order to board any of the lines mentioned above, it is compulsory to book your ticket prior your trip.


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March 2018
Hesburger a leading fast food chain in Finland and the Baltic countries, has established its fast food manufacturing subsidiary, Hes Pro Foods FZE, in Ras Al Khaimah Economic Zone (RAKEZ).
Ramy Jallad, group chief executive officer of RAKEZ, RAK Free Trade Zone and RAK Investment Authority, officially welcomed Anton Gladkih, general manager of Hes Pro Foods, to the economic zone's nurturing ecosystem during a signing ceremony held at Rakez headquarters in Ras Al Khaimah, said a statement.
Hes Pro Foods will be producing mayonnaise and other products, which will be distributed to Hesburger outlets scattered throughout the GCC, from RAKEZ's Al Hamra Industrial Zone, it said.
Gladkih said: "Right now, we have several of our franchisees across GCC and we are planning to continue our expansion in the region."
"To support this mission and to maintain the quality of food we serve to our franchisees, we have decided to establish a manufacturing base for our mayonnaise and other sauces – which are our key ingredients made from secret recipes," he said.
"Our Finnish and Emirati partners recommended RAKEZ as an ideal place to set up Hes Pro Foods due to its cost-effectiveness as well as excellent transport links that allow food manufacturers to easily move products from the UAE to the rest of the region," he added.
Jallad said: "Hesburger has been in the business for almost 40 years now and is currently one of the most successful burger joints in Europe."
"We are glad that such a renowned F&B industry player chose to establish its regional manufacturing arm with us, which will be producing the fast food chain's secrets to success," he said.
"Hes Pro Foods is a great addition to our bustling community of over 600 manufacturers operating at our industrial zones – all of which we support by providing a range of fit-for-purpose industrial infrastructure and premier support services," he added.


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Ponds with a Purpose
Often the small ponds seen in cities and developments are thought of as landscaping features to add beauty or increase wildlife habitat. While the ponds do that, their actual purpose is more intentional; they exist to protect lakes and rivers from pollution. See more…
If there are any questions, please contact email@example.com
June 5, 2018 By
Ponds with a Purpose


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Energy sector firms encouraged to consider Decommissioning Challenge Fund
Energy sector supply chain companies across the Highlands and Islands are being encouraged by Highlands and Islands Enterprise (HIE) to consider applying to the Decommissioning Challenge Fund (DCF).
The move follows an announcement (Thursday 9 August) by energy Minister, Paul Wheelhouse, of a further £5m for the fund.
Last year the DCF awarded grants totalling £4.8m for projects that strengthen Scotland's decommissioning capacity.
These included more than £800,000 for infrastructure upgrades at Kishorn Dry Dock in Wester Ross, by owners Kishorn Port Ltd. The Lyness Oil and Gas decommissioning base in Orkney, a project by Orkney Islands Council, received more than £90,000 for work at the Lyness quayside and surrounding area. And almost £60,000 was invested in feasibility studies commissioned by Stornoway Port Authority for the proposed decommissioning facility at Arnish on Lewis.
More than £118,000 went to the upgrading of plant and machinery by EMN Plant Ltd, and skills development, at the Shetland Specialist Decommissioning service. And Lerwick Engineering and Fabrication Ltd received more than £80,000 for the purchase of equipment to enhance capabilities within the decom market in Shetland.
Gavin MacKay, HIE's head of energy industries, said:
"The decommissioning of North Sea infrastructure is already presenting opportunities for the Highlands and Islands. The obvious example is the Buchan Alpha decommissioning, which is being being carried out at Dales Voe in Shetland, following major upgrading of the quayside.
"There are many more such opportunities expected in the years ahead. It's important that our infrastructure and supply chain companies are well-placed to benefit from these and that's what the DCF is intended for.
"We would encourage all companies across the energy sector supply chain who are involved or planning to be involved in decommissioning related projects, to consider a DCF application."


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Temperature for January 2009
In January 2009 the average high temperature in Del Rio, TX was 70.7°F, and this was 6.8°F warmer than the average of 63.9°F. The hottest day in January 2009 was 3 January when the temperature reached 83.7°F. Overnight the average temperature in January is 41.7°F and in 2009 the average overnight temperature was 2.8°F cooler at 38.9°F.


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The Monday Poll: Earth Day turns 46 years old
Earth Day reaches its 46th birthday next Friday, and plenty of people will pledge to do more to plant trees, reduce their dependence on fossil fuels and rely more on renewable energy such as wind and solar power.
But others think Earth Day is an unnecessary relic.
In this week's Monday Poll, we'd like you to weigh in on the following statements. Mobile users, go here.
The results will be posted online on Tuesday and in print on Wednesday.


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Chapter 7 - Free speech abuses: quantifying the harms and assessing the remedies
Non-legal remedies
Online solutions to online problems
As discussed in chapter 2 of this paper, the read/write architecture of the web facilitates some unique forms of self-regulation. User-generated feedback and comment is hardwired into the design of many websites, including blogs and self-publishing platforms like YouTube. In addition many major internet entities have adopted sophisticated automated systems for dealing with offensive or harmful publishing.
The amount of data shared on these leading internet properties is mind boggling: each month Facebook's 750 million users exchange 30 billion pieces of content. Trade Me, a minnow by Facebook standards, but with an even greater penetration in the New Zealand market, has 2.8 million members who, on average, will publish 25,000 new posts on Trade Me message boards each day.320 At any given time there may be as many as 550 million words contained on these message boards.
It is of course not humanly possible (nor, arguably desirable) to preview all user generated content before it is published. Often the existence and content of offending posts will be unknown to the publishing website. Instead sites like Trade Me, Facebook, Twitter and rely on a combination of contractual "terms and conditions" and community moderation to establish and maintain civil behaviour on their sites.321
Typically, users must register and agree to comply with the site's terms and conditions before being able to make use of the site. By default, other users of the site become the agents for policing compliance with these rules and have access to various tools allowing them to "vote" content off and "report" content which transgresses the rules in some way. Facebook told us its "robust reporting infrastructure leverages the 750 million people who use our site to monitor and report offensive or potentially dangerous content."322
Trade Me
As an online auction site Trade Me's priority is protecting and enhancing the security of the site and designing systems which can detect frauds and other illegitimate activities with the potential to undermine customers' trust in the site. However Trade Me is also committed to ensuring its community message boards provide a safe environment for discussion and that those using the message boards comply with both internal and legal publishing standards.
Over and above their systems of community moderation and reporting, Trade Me has devoted considerable resource to customising software programmes that will allow them to filter for content that is offensive, including breaches of current court orders relating to suppressed evidence or names. Trade Me's legal team has fostered strong relationships with key private and public sector organisations, including the Police, banks and the telecommunications sector, allowing it to respond swiftly when required.
Trade Me's physical presence in New Zealand and its strong engagement with both its users and the regulators contrasts with the remoteness and inaccessibility of the other online entities which dominate in New Zealand.
Facebook and Google
Like Trade Me, Facebook and the Google-owned site YouTube require users to agree to detailed terms and conditions (referred to by Facebook as its Statement of Rights and Responsibilities) before posting content on their sites. In addition Facebook and YouTube have devised simple sets of "community standards" not dissimilar to the types of publishing codes developed by broadcasters. These community standards provide a straightforward guide to civil behaviour online and cover many of the same types of harmful publishing discussed earlier in this chapter: threats; hate speech; graphic violence; impersonation; privacy and bullying and harassment.
The sites provide a variety of tools for reporting content considered offensive or which breaches community standards. Facebook's "Help Centre" also provides detailed advice on how to manage privacy settings and a variety of self-help tools for responding to abusive or intrusive behaviour of other users.
Members wishing to report abuses can file reports using automated templates which provide a menu of options to describe the nature of the problem.
Like Google, Facebook reserves the right to unilaterally remove content that violates its terms and conditions. Facebook told us that its automated systems removed "thousands of pieces daily" that were in violation of its policies.
To help understand how effective these self-regulatory systems are in preventing and remedying harms such as cyber-bullying, harassment and online impersonation we asked Google and Facebook to provide us with specific information about the extent to which New Zealand users were reporting abuses and the frequency with which such reports resulted in content being removed from sites and/or users having their accounts terminated. We were also interested to know more about the nature of the formal requests Google and Facebook were receiving from police, lawyers or representatives of the government for content to be taken down or for the release of the account details of specific users.
Unfortunately we were told that neither currently captured the sort of information with respect to problem reporting by individual users that would allow them to provide us with the detailed country specific analysis we were seeking.323
However, since 2009 Google has published six monthly "Transparency Reports" documenting the number of government or court initiated requests it has received to either remove content associated with one of its products or services or to reveal information about a user.324 The reports are searchable by country of origin and for those countries which have generated more than ten requests during the reporting period these are broken down to show; the originator of the request (court orders or police/executive); the Google product involved (Street View; Google Search; Blogger; Gmail; ); and the nature of the problem (hate speech; privacy and security; impersonation; defamation etc.).
In addition to this tabulated data, Google provides details of requests dealt with during each reporting period to illustrate country trends and the principles which underpin their decisions whether or not to comply with requests to remove content.325
The examples illustrate how Google, as a global entity, is applying what are effectively editorial judgments, weighing the competing claims of free speech against the specific cultural, legal and political interests of hundreds of different sovereign states whose citizens' make use of their global products and social spaces.
Google's transparency reports for New Zealand between 2009 - 2010 recorded fewer than ten government/court requests for content to be removed in each of the six monthly reporting periods. Of these, 83% were complied with in the first period and 100% in the second. Because the number of requests fell below ten, Google provided no further detail about the nature of the contested content. Google registered no requests for user information from New Zealand police or the courts over the 18 months. (In comparison, Google received 345 data requests from official Australian sources, 81% of which were either fully or partially complied with.)
Facebook does not report publicly on its interface with law enforcement and other legal or governmental bodies with respect to take down requests or information about users. However they were able to tell us that in the first half of 2011 they had received 21 requests from New Zealand law enforcement agencies. Two of these involved "emergency matters that required urgent handling".326
Without any empirical evidence about the use of reporting tools and the speed and frequency with which content is removed as a result of user reports it is impossible to gauge the effectiveness of community moderation.327
Arguably the exponential growth in these two publishing platforms, and Facebook, is of itself clear evidence that for the vast majority of users, the environments are considered safe and civil.
Facebook told us its "culture of authentic identity", signified by the use of true names and identities, has made Facebook "less attractive to bad actors who generally do not like to use their real names or email addresses."
People are less likely to engage in negative, dangerous, or harassing behaviour online when their friends can see their names, their posts and the information they share. Our real name culture creates accountability and deters bad behaviour since people using Facebook understand that their actions create a record of their behaviour.
However given the totally unprecedented volume of data being published on sites like You Tube, Twitter and Facebook, it is of course inevitable that a percentage of users will abuse the technology and it is evident from the feedback we received from NetSafe that a percentage of these will go unchecked. In response to the problem of people impersonating others online or setting up fake profile pages Facebook told us it had recently introduced a new automated system for auditing accounts reported to be fake or an impersonation.328
Facebook also told us it worked with law enforcement agencies from around the world and discloses information "pursuant to subpoenas, court orders, or other requests" where the company had a "good faith belief that the response was required by law."
The police told us they were that they are actively working with off shore internet entities to "develop and establish procedures to enable information to be sought and obtained in a timely and consistent basis."329
Similarly, police tell us that when the goal is to have offensive content taken down from a website, rather than to initiate a prosecution, some social media sites will respond after receiving a formal request on police letterhead.
This appears to be consistent with the response we received from Facebook describing how it responds to legal requests to remove content. It will first review the content against its own Statement of Rights and Responsibilities and if a violation was found it would remove the content and, if appropriate, disable the account of the person responsible. Occasionally, if content is found to be illegal in the jurisdiction from which the complaint originated, but not in breach of Facebook's terms, the organisation may prevent the content being shown to people in that country but not remove it from the site.
With respect to requests for account details or other user information from law enforcement agencies, Facebook said it may disclose such details "pursuant to subpoenas, court orders, or other requests (including criminal and civil matters) if we have a good faith belief that the response is required by law."
The fact that a request may come from another jurisdiction was not necessarily an impediment to Facebook cooperating provided "we have a good faith belief that the response is required by law under the local laws, apply to people from that jurisdiction, and are consistent with generally accepted international standards."
Email from Christine Lanham to Law Commission regarding Trade Me traffic (31 May 2011).
An analysis of the use of community moderation and reporting tools by Trade Me analysts showed that in a four week period over October and November 2011 the organization received:
– 2500 reports from members about posts on the message boards. Each report/complaint may have referred to one or more posts.– these reports resulted in Trade Me removing 700 individual posts and 840 full threads, or 25,390 posts in total (largely notice and takedown).– In addition, the Trade Me message board community voted off 6,643 posts.
Letter from Sarah Wynn-Williams, Facebook Manager, Public Policy, to the Law Commission regarding Facebook's regulatory mechanisms (18 August 2011).
Facebook provided us with the following explanation: "Facebook does not flag user reports on a per country basis and many users do not tell us what country they are in. As we do not organize or collate the data on a per country basis, to provide this information we would have review all requests received to try and determine which were from New Zealand. As this is a hugely expensive and time consuming task, I am afraid that we are not in a position to provide the information."
Google assured us that its reporting and response system was "robust and fast moving" but, like Facebook, it "did not have statistics or data that would be useful to share" regarding the level of user generated complaints from New Zealand and the instances where content has been removed.
Google Transparency Report 2011 < www.google.com/transparencyreport/ >. These reports do not include child abuse material (which is automatically removed from Google sites) and nor do they include copyright-related removals associated with YouTube.
Their website includes the following examples: "July – December 2010 Italy: We received a request from the Central Police in Italy for removal of a YouTube video that criticized Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi and simulated his assassination with a gun at the end of the video. We removed the video for violating YouTube's Community Guidelines.
Jan – June 2010 China During the period that Google's joint venture operated google.cn, its search results were subject to censorship pursuant to requests from government agencies responsible for internet regulation. Chinese officials consider censorship demands to be state secrets, so we cannot disclose any information about content removal requests for the two reporting periods from July 2009 to June 2010. Youtube was inaccessible in China during this reporting period.
Argentina The courts in Argentina issued two orders that sought the removal of every search result mentioning a particular individual's name in association with a certain category of content. The number of search results at issue well exceeds 100,000 results. We did not attempt to approximate the number of individual items of content that might be encompassed by those two court orders. Google appealed those orders. The number of user data requests we received increased by 37% compared to the previous reporting period.
July – December 2009 Argentina A federal prosecutor claimed that information about him and his wife (a federal judge) had been posted for analysis on two political blogs and asked that we remove them. We removed a portion of one of the blogs for revealing private information about the judge, but otherwise did not comply because it did not violate our internal policies.
Germany A substantial number of German removal requests resulted from court orders that related to defamation in search results. Approximately 11% of the German removal requests are related to pro-Nazi content or content advocating denial of the Holocaust, both of which are illegal under German law."
Email from Sarah Wynn-Williams to Law Commission regarding complaints' breakdown (2 September 2011).
The exception, as noted earlier, is Trade Me which was able to provide an analysis of the use of community reporting as a regulatory tool with respect to the oversight of message boards.
If this revealed a problem with the account the person would be sent a message requiring them to provide evidence that they were in fact the account holder, such as registering and confirming a mobile phone number. If they failed to do this within a specified time the account is disabled. In addition Facebook alerted us to the fact that their Help Centre allows people attempting to have an imposter account disabled to get access to information related to those accounts without submitting a subpoena or other formal legal processes.
Letter from Jackie McCullough, Police Legal Adviser, to the Law Commission (2 September 2011).
Police note that many of the large online entities are incorporated in New Zealand and NC3 has had success in serving a warrant on the registered company address in New Zealand and its parent US entity by email. Police are also working to develop a letter of agreement with Yahoo which would provide alternative protocols allowing it to access subscription/registration details and IP/activity logs in some circumstances.


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This page is for our monthly specials and new releases.
Dremel Bits wire wheels etc! We can't beat the mass merchandisers on the actual Dremel tool. However they CAN'T beat us on bits etc. Look at this sample item! Suggested retail 2.95 mass merchandiser price 2.67......Ed's Boxcar price 2.25 Come In And See OUR selection! We HAVE what you NEED!
For ordering information please go to the "Contact Us" page.
Contact Us/Links
All rights reserved copyright 2000, 2001, 2002 Eds boxcar USA inc.


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Yours Truly and Adidas Originals' 'Songs from Scratch' series has brought together two artists with somewhat divergent styles and asked them to make a song together. The series' newest installment is "Whirlwind," a stirring collaboration between El Paso singer Khalid and Brooklyn production duo Brasstracks. Brasstracks trumpet-driven production provides a rich and unexpected backdrop to Khalid's rather pessimistic take on love in the aftermath of a crushing break-up.
Listen Below
DOWNLOAD Khalid & Brasstracks – Whirlwind


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But really, while we may be basically aware that, all else being equal, a stalk of celery is better for your metabolism than fries with gravy, our understanding of diet and metabolism is pretty low.
To fix this, the following section looks at some powerful and scientific diet-related tips that will boost your metabolism. Indeed, as you'll soon learn, it's not merely what you eat that matters; it's when, and how, too.
Don't Hate Calories
Befriend Protein and Good Carbs
Eat Early
Eat More?


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Finding the right accommodation during your visit to South Pattaya will be a great determinant in making your holiday enjoyable. Whereas many people put the budget as the first thing while deciding on their hotel in south Pattaya, there are actually many other factors to guarantee you the right accommodation for your holiday. Hotels in south Pattaya vary in different ways not just in price ranges. Consider the following as you will be making your grand decision.
Location factors
Your purpose of the visit is very much related to the location in which you choose your hotel. For example, if you are in south Pattaya for a business meeting, a location that is near the meeting area is an ideal choice as it will be convenient for you and will also help you to avoid showing up late for your meetings. If you are on a vacation, a good location would be the one that is close to the tourist attraction centers that you would like to visit. Also your preferences are important such that if you just want a quiet getaway, look for a hotel in a remote area.
Amenities you like
If you plan to have fun and know your likes, identify the hotels that have the facilities you want like gym, swimming pool, Jacuzzi among others. Whatever is your definition of ultimate luxury, there must be a hotel that caters for it. As there is no point of going to a place that does not cater to your interests.
Ratings of the hotels
Most hotels in south Pattaya are ranked according to star ratings. The number of the stars determines the quality of the hotel. Therefore, if a hotel has many stars, then it's a good quality facility and might as a result be more pricey. Therefore, as you choose make sure it also fits into your budget.
It's not good to assume that all hotels in south Pattaya are family friendly. Therefore, if you are travelling with family, it is very important to identify a hotel that is family friendly with things such as children's playground, baby pool, as it is very fundamental that all of you on holiday enjoy your time. Services like children's menu and laundry services are also key to put into consideration.
Final decision
It's important you check the online reviews of other customers on the hotel in south Pattaya you have selected. This will help inform you on the kind of services you expect from the hotel. Many websites are dedicated to showing online reviews; just browse through them and make an informed decision. Most online reviews are brutally honest, so they are totally reliable.
There are a variety of south Pattaya hotels offering different services and amenities, and hence, deciding on a place to stay can be quite a task. Some important tips to ease your hunt are the location, whether they have amenities that cater to your interests, the hotel star ratings and online reviews. All these will help you find the best hotel in south Pattaya for you.


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Powering your programs: Nine data sources for revving up your event measurement
You already know that event measurement is an important part of your overall strategy. If it seems daunting, you are not alone. Many event professionals wonder if they have the tools or data in place to accurately analyze and improve … Continue reading


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Hotel CRM Suite
Hotel CRM can mean different things to different people. What it should always mean to you is personalization – because that's the key for creating brand advocates out of your best guests and turning one-time visitors into repeat business.
Get to know your guests better than ever and turn every relationship into an asset for your hotel's future.
Digital Marketing Suite
By combining personalization with automation we're able to reach the right audience with the right message, in the right channel, at the right time.
The result is a dramatic increase in conversion rates and a decrease in costs. With a detailed picture of each guest's path to purchase, we always know how to build on your last campaign to create greater success every time.
Interactive Design + Development
Every hotel and every location has something unique to offer. Your website is where you drive that value and get people dreaming about the stay experience – so they can see beyond price. Cookie cutter websites won't help you do that.
Our design team works hand-in-hand with you to turn your vision into the most powerful tool for driving direct bookings and ultimately lowering your 3rd party costs.
Cendyn Hospitality Cloud Solutions Marketing Cloud
It's time to end your team's data fatigue and enable them to take quick, decisive action
Working with Cendyn means no more data silos, so you'll always have access to the right data at the right time – regardless of which legacy systems you might be using. This gives your marketing team the power to launch lightning-fast campaigns, targeting your best guests and their look-alike profile across the web.And, because CRM helps your staff surprise and delight your guests at every turn, you're creating memorable stay experiences. That leads to loyalty. And that helps you build your reservation base further out. Discover the solutions that generated $500 million in direct bookings for our clients each year. Schedule your demo today and see how we can help you take control of your marketing future.


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Kbs MP3s are aprox. eleven instances smaller than the album version. How can that farm the same high quality?
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MP3 NORMALIZER to download MP3s from YouTube
LAME is a library that enables at all applications to fix MP3 recordsdata. https://www.audacityteam.org/ is free, but inside several nations chances are you'll must repay a license charge to be able to legally MP3 information.
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Unlock the advanced features and full power of VMware Horizon 6 to deliver the industry's most comprehensive end-to-end user experience
In Detail
Horizon 6 is VMware's latest end-user computing solution, designed not only to centralize and virtualize desktop environments but also to deliver individual applications securely to any device by means of a virtual workspace.
Your journey starts by investigating an end-user computing project including assessment, pilot, and production. Next, we move into the design phase where we will first take a deeper look at the Horizon 6 solution and its components and how to plan their use in a successful project. Once we have our design and have identified our use cases, we will start to install and configure the core solution. With that in place, we will fine-tune the best end-user experience. Finally, we examine the advanced and enterprise features of Horizon 6, such as VSAN, vCOPS for View, and Horizon Mirage.
What You Will Learn
Downloading the example code for this book. You can download the example code files for all Packt books you have purchased from your account at http://www.PacktPub.com. If you purchased this book elsewhere, you can visit http://www.PacktPub.com/support and register to have the files e-mailed directly to you.


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Download by size:Handphone Tablet Desktop (Original Size)
A bed frame is the integral component of a bed which is made use of to place a bed mattress or setting a structure on the floor. In basic bed frame is made of metal or timber overview that makes the basic foundation of the bed. Full Sized Bed Frame.
Bed frames are typically made with different products like steel, timber, as well as brass however look-wise seem comparable fit. The frames are made of 4 legs as well as two of these legs continue to be at the front side as well as remainder two remains connected on the hind section of the bed. The placement of the legs makes excellent rectangle kind; in some frame extension of legs are additionally located as well as these are called as bed articles.Full Sized Bed Frame.
Larger beds are called queen sized beds or economy size beds. In these bigger beds, a wooden or metallic piece is positioned crosswise the length of the frame. This bar supplies extra support for the in need of support middle of bigger mattresses. suggest,suggest,


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A few days ago we received the Club Carlson VISA from U.S. Bank.
One huge perk of this card is the free night when you book 2 or more nights. Leverage the points right and stay for a weekend at a property like Radisson Blue in St. Martin which goes for 50,000 points per night and get both nights for a total of 50,000 points.
We received the card just 2 days ago and the Club Carlson site already recognizes us as a card holder and the perks are immediately available.
The booking screen is a sweet sight when you see the credit right in front of you. This booking alone has already paid for the annual fee on the card!
In the past couple of years Club Carlson has been very aggressive by releasing incredible promotions. Hopefully they release additional promos like they did in 2012 to help replenish our accounts!


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20 best No wifi Games (offline Games) for Android and iOS
Here we are in 2018, and our days of passing time playing 'snakes and ladders' are sure over, and they have been replaced by the numerous, fun and exciting games on our smartphones. We all have some sort of online games or no wifi games on our devices now and then, to play whenever we feel bored, to pass the time or even challenge our friends in conquests and combats.
Today, almost everyone has at least a game or two on their devices. Even so, most of the games that we have on our devices (Android & iOS) require some sort of wifi or data for internet connection. This may become an issue sometimes when we want to have an uninterrupted gaming experience with no ads, when there's no internet connection or when want to save or run out of data. There are, however, many awesome Android and iOS games that require no wifi or games that don't need wifi at all.
In this article, we bring you some of the best Android and iOS games that don't need wifi and by 'the best,' we mean both free and paid games which are really fun, cool and awesome. Some of them are quite popular than the others. Be sure to check each and every single one of them out as some of them may turn out to be your next favorite offline games.
Here are the top 20 best no wifi games or games that don't need wifi for Android and iOS:
Related Topics:
- Best free music download apps for Android
- Best weather apps for Android
- Best free movie apps
- Best soccer/football apps
Space armor 2 is a 3D shooting game, available on both Android and iOS. This no wifi games is a futuristic, fiction based action game packed with many expecting surprises, huge battles and adventurous fun. In this game, there are mysterious, strong and ferocious creatures, sort of like aliens and monsters. There are more than 50 creatures, many of which are really clever, dangerous and fierce. You can also create and manage your own arsenal and battle through to defeat the creatures.
You have to shoot and kill several of these creatures as you are on a mission to investigate and conquer. Another best part of this game is its great graphics, realistic artwork, and exquisite actions. This games that don't need wifi is free and can be installed directly from Google Play.
- More than 20 weapons and armors.
- More than 50 creatures, strong, clever and fierce.
- You build your own arsenal.
- More than 6 different A. I bosses.
- Great equipment upgrades.
If you love racing games, then this racing game is absolutely for you. GTR Speed Rivals is a speed racing game with ultra great graphics, realistic drifting, and real-life luxury supercars. This no wifi games even support supergraphics at 1080p HD.
There are three modes in this game; Single and Multiplayer and Career modes. In single mode, you can compete with your own results or train for time or drifting points.
Multiplayer mode allows you to compete with other players for points, speed, and upgrades for your car such as suspension, engine, etc. You can also upgrade your nitro type. You can also check out the global online leaderboard to see if you can beat everyone. Career mode allows you to go through all 5 different chapters, from the amateur 'newbie' to the expert 'Champion'.
This one of the best and fun racing games to play offline.
Download for iOS (Not available now)
- Realistic and wide range Graphics from lower graphics up to 1080p HD support.
- Real-life drifting physics.
- More than 25 supercars including the latest cars such as BMW i8, Ferrari, Porche, etc.
- Beautiful and different landscapes for different racing modes.
- You have the option to rent a car.
Download for Android
Download for iOS
If you love playing sports games, particularly basketball, the NBA 2K18 is an authentic basketball game for mobile, available both on Android and iOS. This offline game is packed with lots of features. With the greatest players in NBA and all 30 teams coming together to compete with each other, along with different modes such as practice in career mode and association mode, this game really takes the boredom out you.
You can build up your strength and improve your skills in the Practice mode. In MyCareer mode, there is an expanded script to create a better and realistic gaming experience with more interactions. The Association mode allows you to be responsible for the control of your teams and you can become the NBA's next champion.
- Real players of the greatest teams of NBA competing with one another.
- 2K Beats where there is an exciting fusion of popular beats from all over the world.
- Better gameplay including controls for sprinting, rebounding, jumping, etc.
- Virtual currency for boosting your own players in MyPlayer.
- Great graphics and detailed artwork.
Another racing game, from Wolves Interactive, "Traffic Tour: Multiplayer Racing" is an endless arcade racing game with high graphics, smooth driving, and fun experience. In the endless highway roads, you can simply drive your car and overtake traffic, unlock new cars, upgrade your cars and collect blueprints. You can also challenge your friends to a real-time racing have great fun.
There are different camera modes so you can adjust the mode according to what's best for you. The best part of this no wifi games is that has no fuel and time limits and you can play as long as you want. There are also 40 different cars to choose from and you can customize their colors, wheels, engines, etc. This game is also packed with realistic environments highway, city, desert, terrain, etc. You can even boost your car by using nitro boost.
You can also challenge others and win prizes by competing for 100 different online missions. A great game to pass the time, the TRAFFIC TOUR: MULTIPLAYER RACING game really elevates you when you are bored.
- Over 40 different types of cars to choose from with a variety of vehicles such as trucks, vans, SUVs, buses etc.
- 5 different modes; Multiplayer, Freerun, Endless, Career, and Time Trial.
- Unlimited play; no time or fuel limits.
- Up to 100 different missions when played in career mode.
- 5 different realistic environments.
- Different camera modes for different preferences.
This unique skydiving game is full of fun, thrills and excitement that makes it one of the best no wifi games available offline. Jump off a plane from high above the sky and set your strength and skills to work. You can create insane stunts and great wing-suit actions and avoid many obstacles and turbulence. You can also skydive from any place all around the world. Pump up your adrenaline and get ready for some action!
In single mode, you glide and soar freely across the sky and improve your gliding skills. You can compete with other players as well in multiplayer races. You can also compete with players from all around the world by participating in multiplayer tournaments. With great graphics and thrilling game-play experience, this non wifi games will surely set your adrenaline to work.
- Thrilling and exciting.
- Different playing modes; single, multiplayer races and multiplayer tournaments.
- Different types of wingsuits to choose from.
- Multiple locations to choose from.
- Up to 9 stages.
- Faster level ups and skill improvement.
Download for iOS
Do you like extreme off-road actions with Monster trucks in the dirt? This no wifi games is one such game where you have to drive your Monster trucks through different places and trails such as extreme terrains, rocks, mud, and dirt. One of the best features of this game is that your trucks are fully customizable. What this means is that you can customize every aspect of the vehicle including chassis, suspension, looks, stiffness, damping and many more.
Apart from full customization of your vehicle, the game also includes several world maps to choose from so that you can drive through rocky routes, over the sands of deserts and many more. There are both single and multiplayer modes in the game too.
It also enables you to choose between different steering modes like tilt, arrows or steering wheel. With tons of new challenges and different modes and great customization, it clearly stands out to be a great offline game to download and play.
- Fully customizable setup for chassis, wheels, colors, damp, stiffness, etc.
- Different locations to choose from the world map.
- Both single and multiplayer modes.
- Testing your rig's durability and your driving skills available in the Rock Park
- In-game screenshot feature
- Different vehicles to choose from
Do want a little twist in your games and want to be the bad guy, team up with friends and rob a bank? Or do you want to stop criminals from and retain justice by becoming a policeman? Payday: Crime War is a fun adventure no wifi games that lets you be the bad guy or the good cop, whichever you choose to be. You can try capturing criminals and stop the robbery of a bank or be a criminal and try robbing a bank.
Being the bad guy, you can have a great teamwork by working together with your friends and try robbing banks while avoiding the cops that try to capture you. Make sure you do not get caught by the police. On the flip-side, if you choose to be the police, make sure to catch the robbers and stop them from robbing of Central Bank and recover justice.
This is a great, two-personality game for both robbery and justice lovers alike.
- Great roles, either be the criminals or policemen.
- High-quality graphics.
- Characters and weapons are upgradable.
- Different characters to choose for each of the criminal or the police.
- Great action
Download for Android
Download for iOS
Terra Tank is an interplanetary shooting game where you will fight off and battle against monster aliens. With a 5 star rating on Google Play, great graphics, and addictive feature, Terra Tank is packed with fun and adventure.
Your mission is to search your way home in your journey through space by refueling your destroyed rocketship or 'Tank'. This might be quite challenging because there are different types of enemies on each and every planet that you land on. These enemies are monsters with different shapes and sizes with varying strength. Try to avoid being surrounded by your enemies or else you're done for.
With 14 levels, each of them challenging than the last, you will need to build up your skills and try to survive all throughout the levels. Download for Android or iOS, and have blasting fun.
- Top quality graphics
- Interactive and intuitive controls
- 14 different and unique planets.
- New game mechanics added.
- 5-star rating
- Fun and addictive
Download for Android
Download for iOS (Not available now)
Into the death 2 is a survival game in which you have to save your family during a zombie apocalypse. You have no choice but to do whatever it takes to survive, journey along and make it out alive. This is a thrilling and engaging no wifi games to play.
You can have multiple weapons and arm yourself with the best ones in order to fight zombies and escape from them and keep on moving forward to stay alive throughout the game. The game has multiple stages, hundreds of challenges, evolving stories and up to 60 stages. You also have a canine companion to help fend off some of the zombies.
You can play with both daily and event modes. You can also collect and upgrade your weapons throughout your journey for survival. Diverse locations like farms, campsites with realistic environments with hardcore action and adventure make the game immersive, interesting and action packed.
- Thrilling and action-packed.
- Up to 7 chapters, hundreds of challenges and 60 stages.
- Upgrade to powerful weapons.
- Great and immersive environments.
- Special and daily event modes.
Asphalt 8 Airborne is no doubt one of the best and popular racing games that don't need wifi. This game consists of some of the best high-performance racing cars or bikes facing off against each other in global races. There are more than 190 dream cars and bikes to drive and speed up. There are several new locations to choose from, such as French Guiana, Iceland, Nevada and many more. There are many shortcuts to come across and find ways to shorten the race throughout the game.
With many dream car models like Lamborghini, Bugatti, Ferrari, Porsche and more, the race is on and ready to be pushed beyond their limits. These cars not only resemble real-life dream cars, they sound like them too, resulting in the immersive and realistic gaming experience. You can race off against other players from around the globe to get more points and unlock prizes. An amazing and exciting music licensed for Asphalt 8 exclusively gives you the drive you need to get into the game. With over 9 seasons and more than 400 events to participate, there is an endless content for speed lovers.
With great graphics, exciting race and immersive racing experience, Asphalt 8 Airborne clearly stands out to be one of the best free offline games.
- Great and engaging gaming experience.
- Over 190 high-performance cars and bikes to choose from.
- Over 40 high-speed tracks.
- Control customization on screens and optimization for better gameplay.
- New and realistic racing locations.
- Global Multiplayer mode.
In Injustice 2, you will fight against your enemies with your favorite DC characters from Justice League like Batman, the Flash, Superman, Wonder Woman, etc as well as other iconic heroes. Master new skills and combos to fight off and destroy your enemies. You can work together in three-on-three battles. You can also upgrade your characters with superpowers as you fight your way up as well. You have to defeat the ultimate villain called Brainiac.
By teaming up with your friends and fighting your enemies together, you can assemble an unstoppable league of fighter heroes. There are daily contests and challenges to overcome and this helps you rank higher on the leaderboard.
You can chat with friends, plan actions and overcome your enemies by working together using your favorite heroes. This is another great, free offline action game available both on Android and iOS.
- Action packed combat.
- Favorite DC characters to choose from.
- Great story set for engaged gaming.
- Great graphics.
- Powers of Superheroes are upgradable.
- You can team up with friends and fight villains together.
Delta Island is another action filled adventure game with a combined retro-futuristic world where you have to defeat your enemies, overcome dangerous traps and solve puzzles. There are two hero characters you can explore this world with, Zoe and Baxter who will be with you all along the journey.
You are on a rescue mission and you have to face off against the villain, Dr. Gunderson, who also have a fleet of mechanical minions who work with him to divert, destroy and stop you from defeating him. There are exciting storylines with puzzles and twists, and over 30 levels with three unique chapters. You can also discover hidden items to unlock bonus levels.
This game is premium and has no ads or in-app purchases. It can be downloaded from the Play Store or App store just for about $1.11. This no wifi games is a true value for money considering the quality of gaming adventure and experience it brings about.
- Premium with no ads and in-app purchases.
- Great and sometimes humorous storylines.
- Beautiful and nicely polished environment
- Fun and challenging puzzles
- Hidden items to unlock bonus levels
- Great details in the artwork
Guns of Survivor is another action-packed shooting game for mobile available both on Android and iOS, where you play the role of a lone survivor after a serious apocalypse, fighting your way out of creatures like zombies and monsters, and avoiding traps. You can collect as many components as possible, such as gun bodies and gunstocks, and customize your weapons accordingly. You can combine different components that you collect and create your own customized weapon to kill your enemies.
You also have to avoid and stay away from many dangerous traps and move forward to continue the journey. You have to find and kill the main villains to get rewards. There are over 1000 weapon upgrades available, out of which you can create your own weapon of choice by combining all the different components. You will also come across over 100 different types of monsters. To play the game, explore the map, stay away from the traps and kill all the monsters and the main villains in each level.
This non wifi games is a great game for you if you love to build your own weapons and most importantly if you love shooting games.
- More than 1000+ weapon upgrades for varied and enhanced shooting.
- Create and customize your own weapons.
- More than 100 monsters to kill.
- Rare goods sold by a mystery man useful for combat.
- Easy controls with a double joystick.
Download for iOS
The Adventures of Baki is a free 2d adventure non wifi game in which you will help Baki, a cute little creature whose fruits have been stolen by Monsters in the foothills of the Himalayas. You will help Baki get back all of his fruits, join him on adventures to collect magic stars and fight monsters. Baki is a strong creature who may look weak and cute, but don't judge him by appearance! He can defeat the strongest enemies.
There are forests filled with mystery and magic to go through. You can even choose different accessories for Baki which may be useful in combat and adventure. There are up to 18 different and 9 quests to conquer. You can gain new skills by collecting magic stars.
You can even sync your scores and progress to the cloud, which is helpful when you want to switch between your devices. You can continue where you left off on another device without losing your progress.
The graphics are great and the artwork is beautifully illustrated. The game also boasts amazing original sound effects which are best enjoyed using headphones.
- Beautifully illustrated environment.
- 18 different locations with mini quests for each location.
- Great graphics and sound effects.
- Cloud syncing for continuous gaming across devices without losing progress.
- Fun and useful accessories available.
- Available in 10 different languages.
Download for iOS (Not available now)
Hungry Dragons, as the name suggests, lets you unleash furious and ferocious dragons from the sky. This is a fun action-arcade combination game developed by the famous Ubisoft Entertainment. You control the hungry dragons and look for delicious prey waiting to be devoured! You breathe fire and show your ferocious nature to the townsfolk, and level up with each meal. You can also explore different locations like villages, caves etc.
The more you feed the dragons, the higher your score. You can also smash through various obstacles and unlock new zones and hidden places. There are costumes for the dragons which you can unlock to help you soar higher up the sky and increase your flight speed. You can also freely roam around and explore the villages.
There are several types of dragons to choose from depending on your choice. You can release chaos and fight off massive enemies as well. Oddly satisfying and fun, this is a great and fun non wifi games to play offline.
- Satisfying and fun.
- Crazy costumes for the dragons.
- New zones and hidden areas to discover.
- Fire Rush to help incinerate all enemies.
- Different types of dragons to choose from.
- Many items for food such as birds, townsfolk, witches, trolls, etc.
In this epic adventure game, you play the role of a young woman named Myrah Kale, who resides in a space station and works under her father, Mr. Mason. The storyline is based in the far-off future where humans had already inhabited the far reaches of space. The character sets out on a simple mission to find supplies for their shop, and along the way, she discovers a journey unraveling the mysteries of her unknown past and her special relationship to a rare material called morphite.
Myrah has to travel to different unknown planets and seek for information to understand and uncover the secrets of her past and search for Morphite. During her journey, she has to encounter countless numbers of planets, creatures, alien life, caves and more challenges. You can also scan aliens and sell their information for ship and weapon upgrades. This game is free on the Google Play Store but may cost you around $4.99 on the App Store.
Packed with a great and epic storyline, great graphics details, immersive sound effects and dozens of side missions, this is a serious, adventurous and entertaining game to play.
- Beautiful stylized looks and environment.
- Different creatures and aliens to battle.
- Many missions to perform on the side.
- Great storylines and fully voiced.
- Suits and weapons are upgradable.
In this no wifi games, you have to launch a rocket that would travel to the stars, so you have to travel across many different places filled with ice and snow, ruins and remnants of lands of the past. Here, you will play as two survivors who managed to live on despite a plague causing an apocalypse worldwide. You have to help them build a rocket despite the adversity in order for them to return the dead to their cosmic homes.
You can also find out about their past by traveling through the post-apocalyptic winters filled with ruins and snow. To build your own rockets you must search and look for tools and materials required so that you can reach the stars.
You can find and inspect more than 100 items to build your rocket. There are over 30 beautiful musical tunes to inspire your great mission. The main goal of the game is for you to return the deceased to the stars which you can only achieve by building a rocket that could reach the stars.
- Beautiful and emotional storyline.
- More than 100 items available to build rockets.
- Over 30 beautiful music sounds.
- Full of mysteries, quests, and adventure.
If you are into fighting games, Shadow Fight is a great game for you to play. You control your 2d character whose shadow can only be seen, and you fight your enemies with different fighting styles, lots of weapons and moves. This no wifi games consists of great graphics with quick and smooth animation. You can fight your enemies barehanded or use weapons and spells that you can buy. These weapons include swords, axes, etc. Try using anything that would help you defeat your enemies and win the battle.
Each of these enemies you will face in the game are different, with their own looks, styles, figure, and strength. Unlike other usual 2d fighting games, Shadow Fight offers a lot more action, much better controls with faster movement and great sounds. New updates are also consistently available for this game. Fight anywhere, including different locations like forests, towns, etc.
Install this game on your Android or iOS device and see it for yourself. It really brings a whole lot of fighting action and adventure.
- Quick and smooth fighting experience.
- Great graphics.
- Different fighting environments.
- Unique moves and spells.
- Different types of weapons and spells to choose.
Alto's adventure is another popular and fun physics-based snowboarding game. Equipped with real-world dynamics and fluid motion, you can snowboard endlessly with your friends across the alpine hills filled with snow. You will also rescue llamas which had run away, glide across rooftops and jump across many obstacles and keep on moving forward.
You will also cross many hills and villages as you adventure across the different weather conditions that await you, from thunderstorms and blizzards to shooting stars and fog. There are up to six different snowboards to choose from, each with their own unique capabilities. You can also challenge your friends and compete with each other. There are up to 180 goals to accomplish and improve your snowboarding skills. When you link your combos together, you can easily maximize your points and increase your speed further. If you acquire a wingsuit, you can experience an entirely new snowboarding dynamic.
The gameplay is easy to learn and the music is original and immersive. Another interesting aspect of this game is that has beautiful and minimalistic art designs with great contrasts and smooth dynamics.
- Great and fluid gaming experience based on real-world snowboarding physics.
- Beautiful and minimalistic artwork.
- Up to 180 different goals to accomplish.
- Immersive and original music.
- A wide range of environments and weather conditions.
- 6 different snowboards to choose from.
If you are a fan of Star Wars, you will definitely love this no wifi games. Star Wars: Knights of the Old Republic or KOTOR for short, is an epic Star Wars role-playing adventure game. In the game, you will be the last remaining hope of the Jedi Order that has the ability to save the Republic from the hands of the ruthless villain named Sith. Hundreds of other Jedi Knights have fallen into the hands of Sith and you are the only remaining knight that could defeat him and rescue your Republic.
You will have to master and use the great power of the Force to defeat the villains and save our republic from his hands. You are the only hope for your Republic that will save and conquer the destiny of the galaxy. The Force has over 40 different powers to master and you can also build your own Lightsaber. You can explore real Star Wars locations such as Tatooine, Kashyyk, and many more iconic alien planets. With 9 characters from Star Wars, you build your own team and fight the battles together. You also have your own Starship, Ebon Hawk which you can use to travel to different planets.
With many unique characters, planets, and creatures, this epic role-playing game will take you on a great adventure throughout the entire galaxy.
- Epic Star Wars storyline and gaming experience.
- You build your own Lightsaber.
- Customizable Star Wars characters.
- Unique characters, planets and creatures.
- Immersive controls and great Star Wars sound effects.
These no wifi games mentioned above are some of the best offline games available for Android and iOS devices. Honorable mentions apart from the ones listed above include Minecraft; Pocket Edition, Limbo, Baldur's Gate: Enhanced Edition, Marvel Future Fight, and Badland. You can check them out as they are really awesome.


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Today I took a short break from my Etsy store to finish off this cute illustration and to upload it all around to RedBubble, Society6 and TeePublic.
Now say it with me:
I scream,
you scream,
we all scream
for ice cream!
Today I took a short break from my Etsy store to finish off this cute illustration and to upload it all around to RedBubble, Society6 and TeePublic.
Now say it with me:
I scream,
you scream,
we all scream
for ice cream!
Posted in Creations
Tagged Drawings, Hair, Ice-cream, Illustrations, my creations, Nostalgia, print, RedBubble, sell, Society6, T-shirt, Typography
Thanks Danielle Bennun for the lovely picture of us!
Last year's Purim, also known as Purim 2014, was my first chance to celebrate the holiday as a mother. Tom was only 3 months old and I was quite exhausted. I didn't have any idea, and wasn't in the mood for costume making anyway. finally, about a week before Purim, I told myself I had to make SOMETHING, anything, because if I skipped this holiday I'll feel I missed out until next year's Purim.
I decided to make it easy on myself and focus on something simple, like just a hat for each of us (Idan, Tom and myself).
In a few days I whipped up an Ice-cream cone, with whipped cream and a cherry on top.
Super cute!
Posted in Creations
Tagged accesories, baby boy, Costumes, Halloween, hats, Ice-cream, Improvise, my creations, Purim, Sewing
Hello again!
This last weekend was the annual "Fresh Paint" contemporary art fair, and unfortunately I couldn't make it, even though I really wanted to come (on the other hand – yay! weekend with friends up north!).
Among many art exhibitions , there were two projects for the community: the winners of this year's "Get Out of the Box" competition were revealed there, and also another one in which I did participate, The Secret Postcard project, to which I donated two original postcard-sized pieces of my own.
I wanted the two postcard to "talk" with each other, so I decided on a common theme: "Fox desires Ice-cream". both are hand drawn with black permanent marker on paper, and glued to fabric, glued on the postcards. So here are my postcards, this time credited…
Posted in Creations
Tagged Exhibition, Ice-cream, material, my creations, Painting, paper, Postcards
My husband writes to me the most beautiful, hilarious, touching greeting cards, but as far as presentation goes, he is satisfied with printing the text directly from "Word" to a blank A4 paper.
But for me, especially when given sufficient time, Greeting cards are a fun and casual way to let the artsy juices shake, under the excuse of showing your friends how much you care.
Last Thursday, my Simpsons-fan friend Barak had celebrated his birthday. In honor of the occasion we got him an Homer T-shirt and a Duff beer coozy from 80's tees, and I also wanted to make him an appropriate greeting card.
I've decided to go with the classic Simpsons clouds motif, in order for the card to communicate with the present (the card says "to Barak" in Hebrew):
Here is a card I made for Ofra and Dor's house warming, and the text expresses (among other things) my desire for their new home to accommodate more ice-cream than the previous one…
The last example for today is a fold-up card I made for my brother-in-law's wedding. This, I think, is self-explanatory:
Posted in Creations
Tagged Birthday, Greeting Card, House, Ice-cream, my creations, Painting, paper, Party, T-shirt, The Simpsons, Wedding, Zoo


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This morning we farewelled David and Zoe Browne as they move to Brisbane tomorrow to continue training for ministry (in the Anglican church). David will enter second year of formation (out of three) whilst Zoe will be entering her first year. Living at college, they will have a new placement church with Zoe also working at Cannon Hill Anglican College as part of her training towards being a chaplain. David and Zoe have served faithfully at St Bart's for many years and whilst parting is filled with sadness, there's also a great sense of excitement as we send David and Zoe out! Please be praying for them both:
- That their studies build them up and prepare them well for ministry.
- That these coming years will be ones of incredible growth in their relationship with God.
- That their new home and community will be a wonderful place of support, encouragement, and growth.
- That they will faithfully preach the Gospel and have wonderful opportunities to serve.
- That Zoe's school placement will be stretching and forming.
- For strong relationships with God, individually and as a couple.
- That they will be able to enjoy regular quality times together.


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The Sierra Nevada yellow-legged frog is reviving from its endangered status in Yosemite Park.
The Sierra Nevada yellow-legged frog is a native of the state of California. It has made a miraculous comeback from the edge of oblivion. The context in which it has made a revival is Yosemite National Park.
This automatically raises the hopes of conservationists for the other amphibians around the globe. They too may be saved from becoming extinct. Many of these amphibians are dying at a brisk pace which could end in a tragic loss of biodiversity.
This particular species is 3 inches in length and famous for the coloring underneath its hind legs. There was a time when it was the most common amphibian in its habitat.
In fact, these frogs were so abundant that they leaped and ended up flooding the area whenever a person entered their habitat. A hundred years ago however these frogs began to decrease in their numbers.
That was due to the non-local trout which were eating them in record numbers. These trout had been introduced into the habitat for fishing purposes.
Later on conditions of disease spread and more of the frogs died leaving a dire scarcity. Over 90% of them had been wiped off the face of the area where they normally lived.
The campaign to repopulate the region with this species has been a success. In the past two decades, a sevenfold increase in the numbers of these frogs has led to a rebounding of their population.
While this is an important marker, the frog still has a long road to travel before it reaches its previous levels of abundance. For one thing, the trout have been removed, leading to the revival of the frog population.
Also the disease this species was vulnerable to has spread to the extent where the frogs have become immune to it. Their resistance in this regard has left them free of the malady which was a chytrid fungus.
In the past three odd decades, this disease had led to the extinction of over 200 of the amphibians of the world. Taking an example from the conservation efforts taken to reverse the decline of this frog species, other frogs in other regions of the world could also be saved from dying off in a similar manner.
This frog's success story is one of the few that serves as a shining beacon of light in a world gone topsy turvy as far as Nature is concerned.
The findings of this study appear in the early online edition of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.


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Photo taken in British Columbia, driving on the Alaska Highway, toward Yukon, in a rainy autumn between bears and bison.
You can buy a photo printed on forex or on canvas, high quality materials guaranteed by Photobox.
Choose the format and type of printing, I will send the order to Photobox, which will ship directly to your home!


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For patients coming in to see our orthodontist in Holladay, Utah, Holladay Orthodontics invites them to learn about their appointment before they start their treatment. Read through the resources below to prepare for your visit with Dr. Peter M. Vrontikis.
If you have any questions about the information provided by our website, please don't hesitate to reach out to our practice at 801-278-7272.