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The quality of service (QoS) refers to several related aspects of telephony and computer networks that allow the transport of traffic with special requirements. In particular, much technology has been developed to allow computer networks to become as useful as telephone networks for audio conversations, as well as supporting new applications with even stricter service demands.
the Internet is a series of exchange points interconnecting private networks. Hence the Internet's core is owned and managed by a number of different network service providers, not a single entity. Its behavior is much more stochastic or unpredictable. Therefore, research continues on QoS procedures that are deployable in large, diverse networks.
There are two principal approaches to QoS in modern packet-switched IP networks, a parameterized system based on an exchange of application requirements with the network, and a prioritized system where each packet identifies a desired service level to the network.
Early work used the integrated services (IntServ) philosophy of reserving network resources. In this model, applications used the Resource reservation protocol (RSVP) to request and reserve resources through a network. While IntServ mechanisms do work, it was realized that in a broadband network typical of a larger service provider, Core routers would be required to accept, maintain, and tear down thousands or possibly tens of thousands of reservations. It was believed that this approach would not scale with the growth of the Internet, and in any event was antithetical to the notion of designing networks so that Core routers do little more than simply switch packets at the highest possible rates.
The second and currently accepted approach is differentiated services (DiffServ). In the DiffServ model, packets are marked according to the type of service they need. In response to these markings, routers and switches use various queuing strategies to tailor performance to requirements. — At the IP layer, differentiated services code point (DSCP) markings use the 6 bits in the IP packet header. At the MAC layer, VLAN IEEE 802.1Q and IEEE 802.1p can be used to carry essentially the same information.
Routers supporting DiffServ use multiple queues for packets awaiting transmission from bandwidth constrained (e.g., wide area) interfaces. Router vendors provide different capabilities for configuring this behavior, to include the number of queues supported, the relative priorities of queues, and bandwidth reserved for each queue.
In practice, when a packet must be forwarded from an interface with queuing, packets requiring low jitter (e.g., VoIP or videoconferencing) are given priority over packets in other queues. Typically, some bandwidth is allocated by default to network control packets (such as Internet Control Message Protocol and routing protocols), while best effort traffic might simply be given whatever bandwidth is left over.
At the Media Access Control (MAC) layer, VLAN IEEE 802.1Q and IEEE 802.1p can be used to carry essentially the same information as used by DiffServ. Queueing theory models have been developed on performance analysis and QoS for MAC layer protocols.
IP QoS
The Internet has worked so far with a best effort traffic model: every packet is treated (forwarded or discarded) equally. This is very simple and efficient model and several arguments has been stated against any need for a more complicated system :
As wireless systems are more and more common, they limit available bandwidth because capacity on usable radio frequencies is limited. Also the energy conservation in portable equipment may limit available bandwidth.
Corollary of Moore's Law: As you increase the capacity of any system to accommodate user demand, user demand will increase to consume system capacity.
There are two approaches to assigning the priority in Internet traffic: hop-by-hop based on reservation and packet marking at edges of network.
The Quality of Service (QoS) is often quite much abused term. If we look at traditional circuit-switched telecommunication networks, the QoS is formed by several factors, which can be divided into two groups: ``human'' and ``technical'' factors as shown in Table.
In the packet switched networks there are much more factors then in the circuit-switched networks that must be agreed on. The Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) networks have very extensive QoS control as it is intended for real-time traffic . For the IP networks the ITU is developing a recommendation I.380 which defines quite similar metrics for IP packet transfer performance parameters:
For ATM networks there are also metrics to characterize traffic flow for call admission control (CAC) purposes:
The IETF Internet Protocol Performance Metrics (IPPM) working group is working to define metrics for the Internet performance. The framework document defines criteria for those metrics, terminology, the metrics itself, the methodology, and the practical considerations including sources of uncertainty and errors. There are some differences in terminology considering time between ITU-T definitions and IPPM working group definitions. Short summary of the differences is presented in Table .
As full traffic analysis is not always feasible, the IPPM metrics are based on random sampling of traffic. The framework document includes discussion that recommends that the Internet properties are not considered in probabilistic terms as there is no static state in the Internet.
The Grade of Service (GoS) has been used in the telecommunications industry to indicate components which contribute to overall quality of service what the user experiences. Many components have both human component and technical component: the technical component can be measured (like bandwidth of voice) and the human component is subjective. There is relation between human and technical components but the exact mapping depends on many factors, for example language used and other culture factors. In the GoS is defined as the following:
It may happen that in a network, or in part of a network, the volume of telephone traffic that arises exceeds the capacity for handling it without limitations, with the result that congestion occurs. These limitations affect the service provided to customers, and the degree of these limitations is expressed by an appropriate GoS parameter (e.g. probability of loss, average delay, failure rate due congestion, etc.). GoS should therefore be regarded as providing information on the traffic aspects of the ``quality of service''.
In a circuit-switched network the GoS has been divided into two standards:
The Class of Service concept divides network traffic into different classes and provides class-dependent service to each packet depending on what class it belongs to. While the strict QoS has some absolute measures for quality, the CoS has relative measures: at this time this class gets packet drop probability of 10-6 while on the other class packet drop probability is 10-3.
To differentiate the network traffic into the different classes, the differentiation must be based on some factor. The factors include:
The source port identifies traffic originating from the server.
In IPv6 there are was originally 4-bit priority field (8 levels for real time traffic and 8 levels for elastic traffic) but it is now replaced with 8-bit traffic class field (DS Field).
It is also possible, that some other descriptor is used to identify flow. In IPv6 there is defined a 20-bit flow label that can be used to identify a flow with source host address.
The Internet Protocol (IP) development started in DARPA ARPANET in 1969 using IMP nodes. As the network grow, the development work for common fault tolerant protocol started in 1974. The architecture and the core protocols was ready by end of 1970s and beginning of 1980s . In January 1983 the ARPANET changed from Network Control Protocol (NCP) to Internet Protocol family (TCP/IP). The most commonly used applications programming interface (API) for TCP/IP services was developed for BSD 4.2 UNIX in 1983: the same interface is used on most platforms.
The IP works roughly at network layer in ISO Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model. The supporting protocols are Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) (error reporting, configuration and diagnosis), Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) (multicast management), and Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) which performs mapping between link layer addresses and IP addresses if needed.
The IP is a datagram delivery service: each datagram contains enough information to carry it to its destination. There is no call setup: the service is connectionless. The network, however, does not make any guarantees if the datagram is delivered to destination. If the packet is lost, corrupted, misdelivered, or for some other reason not delivered to its intended destination, the network does nothing to recover from the failure. This service model is commonly called as best effort or unreliable service. IP does not either guarantee anything about order in which packets arrive to destination nor that the packets are delivered at most once (datagrams may duplicate). However, there is a limited life time for each datagram.
The best effort connectionless service is the simplest service a internetwork can provide: this makes it possible to transfer datagrams over any link layer technology . If the link losses some packets, that's fine. If the link delivers all packets, even better.
If we want to transport data reliably on top of IP, we need a transport protocol which hides unreliability of IP from application. The most simple solution is that the sender sends one data segment; if the receiver receives it successfully, it acknowledges received packet. As sender receives acknowledgment it may send the second segment. If either segment or acknowledgment is lost or receiver is not online, the sender does not receive acknowledgment in specified time and retransmits segment.
This is not very efficient as the transmission speed is restricted by the round trip delay. A better approach is to use sliding window scheme: the receiver announces how much it is prepared to receive: the sender can send this much without getting acknowledgment.
The Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) provides reliable byte stream using sliding window flow control scheme. The original scheme, however, worked badly in case of congestion as was seen first in 1986 in ``congestion collapses'' . The scheme was then improved by introducing following methods:
In addition to the window used for flow control (e.g.. the sender does not overrun the receiver) the concept of a congestion window was introduced. The congestion window tells the sender how much it can send to network and the sender selects minimum of those two windows.
The improvements made lead to more graceful operation in case of congestion. The problem is that there are difficulties to estimate (specially in case of retransmissions) round trip delay which is vital for maintaining steady flow. This has been addressed with timestamp option. Current TCP congestion control algorithms and discussion can be found from.
The TCP is an elastic transport protocol: it adapts its transfer rate to available bandwidth on on network. It does not make any efforts to have minimum rate but only deliveries data in reliable manner.
The User Datagram Service (UDP) provides program addressing (ports) and optional data integrity check (a checksum for payload). It does not add any reliability to delivery, hence the original name ``Unreliable''.
The UDP is suitable for use as a carrier for real-time traffic as it does not have any flow control or retransmissions which could affect on timing. With real-time traffic retransmissions are generally useless as retransmitted data arrives too late to be for any use.
For a real-time application, there is more need for control than the UDP provides. The real-time transport protocol (RTP) and accompanying real-time control protocol (RTCP) are designed for this purpose. The RTP packets encapsulated in UDP packets carry the actual real-time data and have a sequence number and a time stamp. The sequence number makes it possible that the receiver can find out if there are some dropped packets. The time stamp is used to detect jitter introduced by network and end systems.
The lack of any QoS guarantees or levels in Internet is considered as one of main limitation of more wide use of Internet. To solve this problem an IETF Internet Integrated Services working group was formed. It defined a framework for the resource reservation and the performance guarantees. This framework is independent from protocols used for signaling and implementation details.
Each network node is divided into two parts: background process and traffic forwarding. The background process takes care of routing, reservation setups and admission control in addition to management. The traffic forwarding part classifies traffic based on information in the traffic control database and based on this classification, the traffic scheduled to right queues.
By now there are two service classes. Both of them support merging of flows (aggregation) for scalability and have the rules to substitute ``as good or better'' service if the requested service is not available.
The guaranteed service is designed for applications which require certain minimum bandwidth and maximum delay. The service, as it provides firm (mathematically provable) bounds for end-to-end queuing delay, makes possible to provide service that guarantees both the delay and the bandwidth.
The traffic is considered as a fluid model: delivered queuing delays do not exceed the fluid delays by more than the specified error bounds. When the resource reservation is being made, each node calculates its values for C and D.
As long as the traffic is conforming to traffic specification (TSpec: b, r, p, m (a minimum policed unit; used to estimate link level overhead), M) the network element must transmit the packets conforming to receiver specification (RSpec: R, S (a slack term; ``extra'' time the node can delay the datagram)). If the traffic exceeds the traffic specification, the non-conforming datagrams must be considered as best-effort datagrams. They should not be given any presence over other best-effort datagrams (to avoid misuse) nor they should be discarded as erroneous packets as a originally conforming traffic may become non-conforming in the network.
The controlled-load service provides independent the network element load the client data flow with QoS closely approximating the QoS the flow would receive in unloaded network. It uses capacity (admission) control to assure this.
As in the guaranteed service the service is provided for a flow conforming the same TSpec. The applications may assume that only very few if any packets are lost and only very few if any packets greatly exceed minimum transit delay. If a non-conforming packet is received, the network element must ensure that
All resource reservation systems need a setup (signaling) protocol to allocate needed resources from the network. For the IP networks, the Resource ReSerVation Protocol (RSVP) is specified . The RSVP is independent from Integrated Services model and can be used with variety of QoS services as the Integrated Services can be used with variety of setup protocols .
The RSVP request is receiver initiated: this provides better scalability for large multicast receiver groups, more flexible group membership and diverse receiver requirements. The sender sends Path messages which records the route packets travel to receiver and has a traffic characterization information. On reception of a Path message the receiver sends a Resv message to reserve needed capacity from the network. This message travels hop-by-hop same route (other direction) the Path message traveled.
The RSVP supports three types of reservations:
One of crucial problems is resource reservation charging. If the resources can be reserved without charge, all network users will want reserve all of bandwidth to themselves. For a network to provide QoS, there must be some monetary cost associated to reservation which corresponds to amount of resources reserved. There is no currently any billing mechanism defined, but there is mechanism for cryptographic authentication . The key management and accounting are still big issues to be solved.
In larger networks there are generally several alternative routes between two hosts. These alternative routes provide added fault tolerance and possibility to share network load. The routing algorithms are based on a graph theory and practical implementations within one administrative domain are based either on distance vectors or more commonly today to a topology and a link state, for example the Open Shortest-Path First (OSPF).
If we include QoS parameters, for example needed bandwidth or delay bounds, the picture changes. We must take those considerations into account when calculating network topology. The ATM Private Network-Network Interface (PNNI) routing information uses source traffic descriptor to determine which links to include into topology and which not. There can be great number of different topologies depending on requirements so handling of those can be a difficult task.
Another factor where QoS constrains affect on routing are changes in route tables in life time of connection. If the network and the routing algorithm are not stabile, the route may change very often, specially if the network is congested. If routing information is changed after reservation setup there is no resources reserved for this particular connection on new route. For this reason, the RSVP requires that the route for a certain session is fixed: the concept is called as path pinning and it is relied on periodic RSVP Path updates to change reservation to the new route.
The IP and ATM world have one basic difference: the ATM is connection oriented as the IP is connectionless. There are two basic ways to realize IP-over-ATM: using permanent virtual circuits (PVC) which emulate point-to-point links (leased lines) and switched virtual circuits which are set up on-demand. The reservation in ATM is ``hard state'' (active as long as it is not released) while on RSVP the reservation is ``soft state'' (active as long there are periodic updates).
The mapping of Integrated services to ATM service classes is quite straightforward and is presented in Table 3. The ATM traffic descriptors (PCR, SCR, MBS) are set to values based on a peak rate, a bucket depth, a RSpec, and a Receiver TSpec.
For the point-to-point links the bandwidth allocation and prioritizing is done by router. In multipoint networks there may be some shared media where each host can send as much data as they want. Some mechanism is needed to make sure that the bandwidth allocations do not exceed available bandwidth in network. This is a task for a bandwidth broker or Subnet Bandwidth Manager (SBM) .
Each (RVSP) request for a bandwidth goes through SBM and if sufficient capacity in the network exists, it grants the request. It does not, however, policy requests in any way, it is just a book keeper.
One of the main problems with any resource reservation technology is burden needed for maintaining a state information for each flow. In some central network nodes the number of simultaneous flows may exceed hundred thousand. If we estimate that each flow lasts for 10 seconds, there comes and goes more than 10,000 flows per second. For a reference, a large telephone exchange can handle up to million BHCA (busy hour call attempts) which equals to few hundred calls per second on average.
The number of flows makes maintaining per flow state information infeasible in core routers. The time needed to look up database entry for 5-tuple in each packet is considerable overhead compared for normal destination address lookup from routing table. The solution is to use a per-packet stateless information.
For the differentiated service approach several requirements were identified and addressed. The key requirements are:
The differentiated service (DS) architecture is presented in Figure 4. The traffic is classified at edges of the network (Figure 5). Each datagram is possibly conditioned and assigned to one of behavior aggregates which are identified by DS codepoints. At the core of the network, the packets are forwarded according to the per-hop behavior (PHB) associated with the DS codepoint.
A customer (possibly other network operator) makes a service level agreement (SLA) with the network operator. The SLA can be either qualitative (``Traffic offered at service level A will be delivered with low latency'') or quantitative (``90% of in profile traffic delivered at service level B will experience no more than 50 ms latency'') .
Based on SLAs the network provider assigns proper service level specifications (SLS) to boundary nodes. The nodes have four components as seen in Figure 5. The meters measure if submitted traffic conforms to a profile. Based on the measurements other components will implement the policing. Markers re-mark traffic: to demote out-of-profile traffic to different PHB, to conform SLS codepoint mutation, and to ensure that only the valid codepoints are used. Shapers delay traffic so that it does not exceed profile and droppers discard non-conforming traffic.
The per-hop-behavior groups are the actual mechanism to implement needed service differentiation in core networks. There should not be too many PHB groups as it complicates efficient router design. Currently there are proposals for two PHB groups:
Each class is assigned some partition of bandwidth and buffer capacity. One way to use classes is ``Olympic service'': packets are assigned to ``gold'', ``silver'', and ``bronze'' classes. The ``gold'' class has lighter load than the other two classes. The customer may select one of these classes (which each are of of different cost).
In there are defined some service examples. The codepoints used in the examples are not officially assigned.
It is commonly agreed that the RSVP and the integrated services do not provide enough scalability in high speed core networks. The differentiated services on the other hand may not have enough granularity to work just on few flows resulting non-quality service in the access network. One solution provided for that is using RSVP/intserv at edges of Internet (access networks) and use differentiated services on core networks. The differentiated service networks are seen by RSVP/intserv connections as a single hop. The RSVP/intserv network edge nodes and the diffserv network border nodes take care of mapping the RSVP requests and flows to proper differentiated services PHB group.
The use of the IP Security protocols causes some problems for both for the RSVP and differentiated service.
If the Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP) is used, the upper protocol layers are encrypted and the network nodes cannot know the port numbers or protocols. The RSVP uses port numbers to make difference between different flows between two hosts (for example one flow for a data communication and one for a audio transfer).
As the transport layer is encrypted the network nodes cannot know the ports and thus cannot differentiate between flows requiring real time handling and bulk transfers. If the datagram is only authenticated the port numbers are visible but they are on a different position which may cause performance problems on routers.
This problem was solved by introducing ``virtual destination port'' which is actually the IP SEC Security Parameter Index (SPI). We must then make sure that the flows needing different QoS have a different SPI .
If the services are classified for differentiated services networks based on port numbers, the encryption hides needed information. In this case the end system should be able to tell the network what kind of service each packet needs.
There are three main uses for tunneling: the first is to build (possibly secure) virtual private networks (VPN), the second one is to provide transport for protocols the network between does not support (as currently IPv6). The third use is tunneling the subscriber traffic from the access server to the Internet service provider (ISP). The access server can be located in local telephone exchanges so Internet connections do not reserve circuit switched capacity from the telephone network.
As the original IP packets are encapsulated to IP packets, the port numbers or DS code points are not visible to routing nodes. This problem has been solved for RSVP by using IP-in-UDP encapsulation. The UDP source ports are used to identify individual (or aggregated) flows. The RSVP reservations are tunneled and corresponding reservations are made for the tunnel also. For the differentiated services the solution is simpler: the DS codepoint is copied to IP datagram which carries the original IP datagram. This way the datagram will receive same service as the original would. The packet reordering may cause problems with some tunneling protocols so packets in same flow should have same DS code.
WiMAX provides Quality of Service at both physical and MAC layer using the following techniques:


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subset: commoncrawl


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I think you are referring to a "Dmin" which, while phonetically similar, refers to a "doctor of ministry" degree and not possession by a malevolent spirit. However, depending on who you talk to, there is much difference between a "demon" and a "Dmin".
Since returning from seminary with a masters degree I have been amazed at how many people in our union, from different churches, all seem to view me or Andrews University with suspicion.
Recently, I performed a wedding in Wichita KS [where I began my ministry] and had one of my former church members, approach me slyly and in hushed tones asked me what I saw being taught "up there in Michigan".
He was checking in to see if I saw any theological aberration. And he isn't the first to approach me this way. At a Men's Retreat last year several people surrounded a friend of mine, also a newly graduated seminarian, and give us a friendly quiz about our education.
One gentleman in my church doesn't trust our conference because they are "too educated."
Its amazing how people can be discriminated against for HAVING an education as well as NOT having an education. And as Adventists, don't we place a significant emphasis on education? Why then do we abandon it after Academy or High School?
Part of the problem, as I see it, is an unhealthy view of what education is supposed to do. For many traditionalists, education is merely indoctrination. We send our pastors to seminary to reinforce what we already know.
Yet for others, and this is maybe where the bad rep comes from, its a chance to turn over everything you have ever been taught and find ways around the beliefs that don't suit your purpose.
Both of these models are not education.
And yet I see them both. From Adventists whose only connection to the church is in name only; and others who are so scared of being duped into false belief they wont ready anything that doesn't have the SDA Brand logo on it. Not realizing that some of the craziest theology in the world gets exchanged at our own potlucks in our own lobbies. Brand name has nothing to do with anything anymore.
For those people I have seen who can't learn to re-evaluate and change a position that is not sustainable after close investigation their only path is irrelevance. And for those people who enter high education and come out with a collage of strange beliefs, in my experience, already had them going in.
I think one continual challenge we have is to teach our people, both in schools and churches, not just information–but how to PROCESS information.
Most of our Bible Studies provide the answers right after they ask the questions–so technically one wouldnt even have to open the Bible to complete one.
How many kids know how to use a concordance, commentary, or parallel Bible? How many kids learn to study scripture like William Miller [one of our church pioneers in the 19th century] versus how many are simply taught what William Miller found?
The problem isn't that our schools have "strange fire"–you can find strange fire everywhere–the problem is that we don't teach our people how to identify strange fire…or how to put it out.
So, what are your thoughts? How do we teach people to think? And how do you feel about secondary education?
And as doctorates are replacing the masters degree in most occupations as a necessity, should pastors get demons…er…Dmins?


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ON AIR - Rise & Shine
with Paul McKenna
A local Councillor is calling on Meath County Council to keep the pressure on the NTA so funding can be provided to install a pedestrian crossing on the Beamore Road.
Fianna Fail's Stephen McKee claims there are road safety issues on the Beamore Road junction close to the entrance to Rosevale and a number of concerned families in the area have contacted him.
He told LMFM News that there is no safe crossing there and immediate action must be taken to rectify this.


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This simple recipe for pork marinade works well with just about any cut of pork. It does an especially nice job with chops and pork steaks. Unlike many marinades, this one is cooked first, then cooled to room temperature before using.
Melt the butter in a saucepan and add the onion and garlic. Cook over medium low heat until the garlic and onion are softened.
Add the
remaining ingredients, bring to a simmer and cook for 10 minutes. Cool
to room temperature and use, or place in the refrigerator to use within 3
Marinate thinner cuts like chops and steaks for 1 to 2 hours; thicker cuts and roasts marinate for 2 to 4 hours before grilling.


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Media Contact
Paul E. Johnson
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Michael J. Betts Joins Post & Schell's Commercial Litigation Practice; Expands Firm's Presence in Pittsburgh Region
PITTSBURGH, PA & PHILADELPHIA, PA – April 27, 2016 – Post & Schell, P.C. is pleased to announce that Michael J. Betts has joined the Firm as a Principal, resident in the Firm's Pittsburgh, PA Office. Mr. Betts joins as a member of Post & Schell's Commercial Litigation Practice Group, as well as its Class Action Defense and Trade Secret & Non-Compete Law Practice Groups, and immediately expands the legal services available to clients via the Firm's Pittsburgh Office.
"Mike represents a strategic addition to Post & Schell's presence in the Pittsburgh region," said A. James Johnston, President & Chief Executive Officer of Post & Schell, P.C. "As a seasoned and accomplished commercial litigator, he expands the legal services we now provide clients throughout Pittsburgh and Western Pennsylvania."
With over 35 years of experience, Mr. Betts represents clients in the full gamut of complex commercial litigation matters, including: banking litigation; class action defense; consumer litigation; fiduciary litigation; insurance litigation; securities litigation, including Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) arbitrations; and trade secret/non-compete litigation.
Additionally, Mr. Betts has extensive experience with alternative dispute resolution (ADR) and has mediated a variety of litigation matters filed in state and federal courts and with arbitration panels. He is on the roster of ADR Neutrals for the United States District Court for the Western District of Pennsylvania. Mr. Betts also has been approved by that Court as an E-Discovery Special Master and Mediator.
Prior to joining Post & Schell, Mr. Betts was in private practice and was Managing Member of Betts Law Office LLC and Betts Mediation & Dispute Resolution LLC. He served as a Senior Counsel-Litigation within the Legal Department of PNC Bank N.A., representing the bank in consumer class actions, FINRA related matters, customer arbitrations, wealth management and fiduciary litigation, and real estate litigation, among other matters. Mr. Betts spent a large part of his career in private practice with Pittsburgh-based law firms, including Reed Smith LLP, where he was a Litigation Partner.
"I am privileged to join Post & Schell and help the Firm expand its presence in Pittsburgh," said Mr. Betts. "The Firm focuses on achieving the results clients expect, via cross-practice collaboration and extremely efficient cost and overhead structure. I look forward to working with my new colleagues and building on the Firm's established reputation of excellence with its clients."
Mr. Betts is a 1980 cum laude graduate of the University of Pittsburgh School of Law, and 1977 graduate of Dickinson College. He is AV Preeminent peer review rated with Martindale-Hubbell, and a member of the Federal Bar Association, the Mediation Council of Western Pennsylvania, the Allegheny County Bar Association, and the Pennsylvania Bar Association's Civil Litigation Section, among other affiliations.
About Post & Schell, P.C.
Post & Schell, P.C. is committed to defining, measuring and achieving legal excellence. We provide sophisticated legal services and strategic counseling to highly regulated industries and their directors, officers, and stakeholders regionally, nationally and internationally. Our attorneys provide our clients with problem-solving and efficient representation in transactional, litigation, regulatory, compliance, corporate and public policy matters.
Our focused legal product lines are vertically integrated into a variety of highly regulated industries including: banking and financial services; commercial transportation; commercial construction; energy & utilities; environmental; health care; hospitality; information technology and informatics; insurance; manufacturing; pharmaceutical and medical device; pharmacy benefit management; and professional services.
With offices in Washington, D.C., Princeton, NJ, and Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Harrisburg, Lancaster, and Allentown, Pa., our attorneys represent industries in a variety of venues and geographic markets.


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Currency Declaration
The legislation does not prohibit the transportation of currency or Bearer Negotiable Instruments by any traveller. However, any person leaving Mauritius with more than MUR 500, 000 in cash or Bearer Negotiable Instruments or its equivalent in foreign currency must declare the sum to Customs, by filling the Currency Declaration Form (available at the Customs counter ) wherein the origin and intended use of the sum declared must be stated, before proceeding with Immigration formalities.
Any person making a declaration may be questioned by a Customs Officer on the particulars of the declaration made and in the course of any questioning, the officer may inspect the person's travel documents, passport, laissez- passer, tickets and accompanying luggage. The officer may also under reasonable cause, detain and search the person in accordance with Section 132 of the Customs Act 1988.
Any person who fails to make a declaration or when so required, refuses to make a declaration or makes a declaration which is false or misleading in any material particular or without any reasonable excuse refuses to answer questions, shall commit an offence and shall on conviction, be liable to a fine not exceeding MUR 1,000,000 and to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 5 years.


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Our eastern ancestors strike again, somehow knowing about the health benefits of black pepper before anybody else. First and still primarily cultivated in India, piper nigrum is the plant that produces black pepper. When the fruit of this plant dries it is referred to as a peppercorn and when ground it becomes what we know as pepper the condiment.
Most of us in the west enjoy pepper as a flavor enhancer on most of our foods, but did you know it was originally used thousands of years ago as medicine to treat gastronomical stress, bodily pain, inflammation and other disorders? More recently new health benefits of black pepper have been revealed and are quite unique. Stay tuned to learn how this everyday condiment can help you stay healthy in various ways!
Black Pepper For Nutrient Absorption
Black peppercorns come from the dried fruit of the plant piper nigrum, and the active ingredient in the peppercorns we need is called piperine. When found in supplement form it is usually labelled as "black pepper extract" or "Bioperine", and while not proven to be more effective, the latter is known as the more bioactive version of the supplement. So what are these impressive health benefits I keep hinting at? The most studied and understood mechanism of piperine is its ability to inhibit the metabolism of certain enzymes.
This happens because of a process in the liver called glucuronidation, in which a molecule known as a glucuronide attaches itself to certain drugs and nutrients, rendering them ineffective and ultimately excreting the drugs and nutrients through the urine. This process acts as the body's safety net, as it flushes out excess drugs and supplements in the body (and sometimes completely hinders absorption, rendering some drugs and supplements useless). Of course this can be a negative for people who take daily medication, but for most it does more good than bad. By inhibiting this molecule, there are various nutrients that are absorbed much more efficiently with less waste. Because along with some drugs, glucuronide impairs the absorption of vitamin B6, vitamin C, CoQ10, selenium, EGCG, and curcumin.
Put into simpler terms, if you take vitamins or eat foods that contain any of these nutrients, taking bioperine alongside it will increase its absorption into the body from 50% in selenium to 2000% in curcumin.
Black Pepper For Fat Loss?
While little research has proved that bioperine helps with fat loss, it is still heavily marketed as such. It all began in 2012 when a Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry study discovered piperine could hinder the development of new fat cells. These studies were done in test tubes, but in some cases the results can be duplicated in the human body. Now to the uninformed reader this sounds great! I can eat black pepper with every meal and just watch the fat drop off right? Not so fast, there is a fundamental difference between burning fat and stopping the development of new fat cells, which everybody should be aware of.
Between infancy and maturity our body creates fat cells for various purposes, ranging from keeping us warm to hormone development. Once we hit maturity our body stops making fat cells (granted we stay a constant body fat percentage). What's important to remember is that we cannot burn off fat cells. We can shrink the fat cells by burning off the fat inside of the cell, but the cell itself will always be there whether you are 5% body fat or 30% body fat.
What this means for black pepper is that yes it may be able to stop new fat cells from forming, but if your diet mostly consists of a surplus of calories from junk you will still be expanding the fat cells you already have. While it might be possible to spice up all of your children's meals with black pepper to try and keep their development of fat cells in check, more than likely it will not have that great of an impact on a mature adult. What you should be focusing on is staying at a healthy weight because it is always possible to gain new fat cells that will be with you your entire life. And unfortunately, the more fat cells you have, the harder it is to sustain a lower body fat percentage.
Take Home Message
The benefits of black pepper have seemingly been blown out of proportion in the past few years. Most stores or websites that sell piperine always highlight the fat burning aspects while completely neglecting the nutrient absorption benefits.
Just to reiterate the important aspects of this article, piperine (the main compound in black peppercorns) is extremely useful to maximize the absorption of vitamin B6, vitamin C, CoQ10, selenium, EGCG, and curcumin in the body. And while it has some promise in the field of preventing the growth of new fat cells, that doesn't mean it will do anything to burn fat from your existing fat cells. Thank you for taking the time out of your day to learn a little bit about this everyday household condiment and stay healthy!


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Juan Pablo (JP) Prieto
I am a Floridian, born and raised and my love for fishing is second to none. I am truly a Jack of all trades when it comes to South Florida fishing. From freshwater fishing the canals and lakes for Peacock and Largmouth Bass to the inshore fishing of Biscayne Bay, Florida Bay and Flamingo Bay. My favorite species to catch is the Snook but I don't discriminate the Tarpon, Redfish, and Permit. I also enjoy riding out to the reef and catching Snapper, Mackerel and Barracuda with some Sharks in between. Its always a good day fishing because in the "Fishing Capital of the World" you always catch fish. Licensed and Insured, call me for charters.
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- jejl commented on jejl's instructable A Back to the Future Clock11 months ago
Yes, it should work fine with any Raspberry Pi version I think. The code will need some tweaking to suit your location though, so some basic familiarity with Python is probably necessary.
Hmm, I guess I should get around to tidying up the code then! :-)View Instructable »
Thanks, what a good idea! Why not do both? :-) Adding a LDR would be quite easy and it could override the sunrise/set function.
- jejl's instructable A Back to the Future Clock's weekly stats: 11 months ago


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From the company that's making human interplanetary travel possible, to the advanced imaging technology that reminds us of the Force, you don't have to travel to a galaxy far, far away to get your space on.
Punch it, Chewie.
Anakin, born on the sparsely populated planet of Tatooine marries Queen Amidala, who hails from a pastoral wonderland called Naboo. It's as simple as this: life in an interconnected galaxy requires the ability to travel from one planet to another.
And so far, we've left interplanetary travel to the robots. Although human feet have stepped on the moon and orbited Earth, robots were the ones to touch down on the red soil of Mars and waft through Jupiter's gaseous "surface". For Star Wars dreams to turn into reality, we're going to need to watch our pretty green and blue home disappear in the rearview mirror.
Sound a little far-fetched? Think again. As Jedi Master of NASA's Orion program, Lockheed Martin is in the interplanetary travel game. Their mission? Design a craft fit for human space travel. Destination? Mars. By 2023.
Horizontal boosters. Alluvial dampers? That's not it, bring me the Hydrospanner!
These effortless Star Wars landings are the stuff astronaut dreams are made of. Right now, the act of landing safely on another planet's surface is a mathematical and engineering feat that takes decades of precise planning.
Ever wonder why astronauts returning to Earth make their landing in the ocean? It turns out that the riskiest part of any space mission is the landing and it's safer for astronauts to land in water. But as human interplanetary travel becomes reality, we'll need to learn how to stick a solid landing.
Boeing built their new spacecraft, The Starliner, to take humans to the International Space Station and return them safely to solid ground. The Starliner is the first of its kind and ushers in a new era of space travel. And you know what they say about small steps for man…
I want them alive! No disintegrations!
In order to stay alive, humans need water and oxygen, among other things. But those are hard to come by in the inky black of deep space. While it's a far cry from the strong drinks and hot tunes of the Mos Eisley cantina, United Technologies designed new technologies that make it easier to sustain human life in space.
Our bodies take water in and release some of it back out. So why not use that waste? United's Water Processor Assembly converts an astronaut's sweat and urine back into potable, aka drinkable, water. Certainly gives a whole new meaning to the phrase, "Waste not, want not".
Their other innovation, called the Oxygen Generation Assembly, liberates the oxygen from some of that H20, and circulates it for breathing. This technology can sustain six astronauts, indefinitely. And when we're talking about exploring the universe, indefinitely is a wonderfully long time.
Impossible to see, the future is.
Especially when you're looking back into the past. Which is exactly what we do when we study light from millions or billions of lightyears away. Before exploration begins, we'll need to produce a comprehensive map of the universe. (We vote to display the map like a cool Jedi space ball that expands to fill the room with an interactive map, as demonstrated by Qui-Gon Jinn).
Northrop Grumman, prime contractor in NASA's James Webb space telescope program, is tasked with this monstrous undertaking. The James Webb space telescope, with a 6.5 meter diameter aperture, covers and captures 100% of the observable sky in its one-earth-year-long orbit around the sun. As it moves, it studies the "assembly of galaxies, the birth of stars and planetary systems, and the origin of life itself."
Here's the real question – when early humans mapped the Earth, they thought it was flat. What will cause our descendants to face-palm when they see our first maps of space?
The Force is strong with this one
The Force. An energy field that connects all living things in the galaxy. Those with an unusually high midi-chlorian count can tap into it and move objects, influence other people, and sense the presence of others.
Before you argue that humans don't have access to something like the Force, meet Otus Overwatch. It's a new advanced imaging technology made by Raytheon's BBN Technologies. Because the human eye can only see wavelengths in the visible spectrum (remember ROYGBIV?), Otus Overwatch extends that capability and captures other wavelengths, too.
Take an airport or a city square as an example. Otus Overwatch captures human movements with massive amounts of real-time data. It then uses intelligent algorithms to map the data points on top of patterns of normal behavior. Looking at the two together, Otus spots behavior anomalies, helping to find people with potentially malicious motives.
All of this has us thinking… what was really under Darth Vader's hood? Maybe he had a couple Otus Overwatch imaging sensors underneath. We're on to you, George Lucas.
Beep Boop Blopbeepboop. Beep
When it comes to loyalty, bravery, and inventiveness, R2-D2 is in a league of his own. This trusty droid risks astro-life and robo-limb to serve his masters and save the galaxy, time and time again.
Though humans haven't created anything quite as loyal or crafty as this droid, we need to prepare for the inevitable reality that all crafts eventually break. When they need new parts, (and you don't have a direct line to Artoo), call on Heico. They're the largest provider of aerospace replacement parts. Heico is a supplier of every major airline in the world, as well as a mission-critical partner of the US military. In other words, their references check out.
The fastest hunk of junk in the galaxy
What would an article about Star Wars be without a reference to YT-1300 492727ZED? Most of us know the fastest hunk of junk in the galaxy by its common name, the Millennium Falcon.
You might not know it when you watch this ship outrun Imperial Star Destroyers in lightspeed, but it started out as a lowly light freighter. A cargo ship. Perhaps all the best spaceships start out that way.
Let's ask Orbital ATK, current provider of commercial cargo delivery services to the International Space Station. When NASA needs to run a supply mission to the International Space Station, they send food, clothing, computer gear, science experiments and other supplies in an Orbital ATK ship called Cygnus.
Real-life Luke Skywalker (also known as astronaut Scott Kelly) caught Cygnus on camera during one of its trips to the ISS in 2015.
We're wondering if Cygnus has anything else in common with the Millennium Falcon… like a hyperdrive engine which can punch it to lightspeed.
Sir, the possibility of successfully navigating an asteroid field is approximately 3,720 to 1.
The Millennium Falcon successfully escaped the clutches of Darth Vader by navigating through an asteroid field. And while Vader sharply said, "Asteroids do not concern me," we don't share his idiotic optimism. Asteroids, in fact, concern us very much.
Just ask the dinosaurs. Too soon?
When we finally blast off on our galactic adventures, it's pretty likely that asteroid detection will play a major role in ensuring intergalactic travel is collision free.
Thanks to Teledyne Tech's Near-Earth Object Camera, we've already got those pesky asteroids in sight. Armed with detector arrays (similar to those on the Hubble Space Telescope), NEOCam peers into the inky black of space and detects invisible infrared wavelengths.
You're familiar with infrared from those moments in action movies when the military detects the presence of a warm body against the cold environment around it. NEOCam does that too, except it detects the infrared wavelengths from a hunk of cold rock. Impressive. And while we're thankful to Teledyne for knowing where all of these asteroids are, we're not entirely sure what the odds are that we'd even survive a collision. C-3P0, never tell us the odds!
From Star Wars to an Aerospace ETF
Space exploration is well underway, and you can invest in all the space exploration companies you've read about here, as well as 29 other companies in the aerospace and defense sectors with Defending America. Read more about this aerospace and defense ETF here.
We may not have reached lightspeed yet, but we're excited to see where space exploration takes us next!


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Govt says employing dock workers in Luka Koper's power
Ljubljana, 9 January - The state does not have legal leverage beyond the recent overhaul of the management to force port operator Luka Koper to employ dock workers who are now hired by subcontractors at the port the government said in response to the parliamentary Public Finance Oversight Commission's call to that effect on Tuesday.
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CASHATO, Catherine Marie (Kubin)
May 9, 1913-April 29, 2010
It is with aching hearts that
we announce the loss of our amazing Mom (Nan, Kay, Casey) just ten days shy of her 97th birthday.
She is predeceased by her parents Anton and Mary, her beloved husband Joe, daughter and son-in-law, Jackie and Jerry Fullerton, son-in-law Tom Bull, sisters Anne, Helen, Jean, Vicki, Rose and brother Stan.
She is survived and will be sorely missed by daughter Bernice, brother Tom (Kaye), grandson Terry, great-grandsons Tim, Trevor and Tyler nephews Ricky (Margie and family), Sheldon (Erin, Caitlin and Beth) plus many other nieces, nephews and cousins and special son Cliff Parrish.
Though she gave birth to only two, she was "MOM" to many!
The last couple of years, she resided in Pitt Meadows after spending 35 years on Capital Hill in Burnaby. Until a few weeks ago, she was still playing (and teaching) crib with anyone willing to lose a Loonie or making perogies and cabbage rolls with Bernice…..and heaven forbid she should miss her soaps! She lived and loved life to the fullest and will be so missed.
We would like to say a special "Thank you" to the paramedics and the caring staff at Ridge Meadows Hospital on 2 West.
A memorial will take place on Thursday, May 6, 2010, 2:00 P.M. at Forest Lawn Funeral Home, 3789 Royal Oak Ave., Burnaby, B.C.
In lieu of flowers, a donation to the Heart and Stroke Foundation or a charity of your choice in Mom's name would be appreciated.


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April 08, 2010
What is the laser eye surgery success rate? Is the result permanent?
By Staff in Categories: Laser Eye Surgery Info
Question from a Reader
Comments have answers from other readers
1. What is the success rate of laser eye surgery?
2. If it is successful, will the eye sight stay good even if you abuse your eyes again like how you got the glasses in the first place? 😛
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Three roll-on roll-off vessels from American Roll-on Roll-off Carrier (ARC) Group's U.S.-flag fleet – M/V Resolve, M/V Independence II, and M/V Endurance(pictured) – loaded over 400,000 square feet of military rolling stock and other cargo in Beaumont, Texas in support of Operation Atlantic Resolve.
The 2nd Armored Brigade Combat Team (ABCT) of the 1st Infantry Division is deploying from the United States to Europe. The loading operation was coordinated by the Army's 842nd Transportation Battalion. ARC has the largest fleet of American-flag Ro-Ro vessels and the three vessels selected are among the most militarily-useful in the U.S.-flag international fleet.
The 2nd ABCT will set up operations in eight countries across central and Eastern Europe, as U.S. Army Europe (USAREUR) increases its presence across the region to help strengthen NATO's defense and deterrence measures. Operation Atlantic Resolve has been ongoing since 2014.
Cargo logistics are being coordinated by ARC with U.S. Transportation Command, Military Surface Deployment & Distribution Command (SDDC), and USAREUR's 21st Theater Sustainment Command.
Source: ARC


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Michele Kraus of Pincher Creek, beloved wife and mother, passed away on Wednesday, May 2, 2018, at the age of 61 years.
Besides her loving husband, David, Michele is survived by her daughter Kelly (Kyle) of Lethbridge, her son Brian (Laura) of Lethbridge, her father Michael Antoniuk of Bienfait, Saskatchewan, and her brother, Steven Antoniuk of Regina, Saskatchewan. Michele was predeceased by her mother Helen Antoniuk, her sister Mary-Ellen Antoniuk, and her best friend Annette Pelletier of Pincher Creek. Aunty Nettie, as the family called her, became Michele's "sister" and Annette's passing was deeply felt, especially by Michele. She also leaves behind many other meaningful friendships, too numerous to list.
Michele was born April 17, 1957 to Mike and Helen Antoniuk of Bienfait, Saskatchewan. Michele first attended school in Bienfait where she made lasting friendships and enjoyed spending time with her grandparents. Later, in Estevan, Michele attended the Comprehensive High School where she met her first love, David. They started dating and, just after having graduated, they were married. Michele and David moved to Saskatoon and then to Pincher Creek, Alberta, where David took a job with Gulf Canada for a year, then with Shell Canada until retirement.
At the young ages of 19 and 20, Michele and David began a new chapter in their lives, far from their home and families. The adjustment was made easier by the immediate welcoming and adoption by the good people of Pincher Creek. It was a great time to be young and jump right in to whatever was going on!
After eight years of marriage, Michele and David started a family. Their daughter Kelly arrived first, followed by their son, Brian, five years later. Michele blossomed, as mothers do, and became dedicated to her family, spoiling everyone in turn.
Michele worked at various places in her life and volunteered with the schools when her children were young. She loved her job as the "Demo Lady" at the Pincher Creek Co-op and often said it was her dream job. There, she was able to combine her love of caring about people, communicating with people, and making friendships - along with sales! The town and surrounding area, it's people, and the friends that Michele made, were like an extended family for her.
At Michele's request, no formal gathering will be held. There will be a small family gathering and internment in Bienfait, Saskatchewan.


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I just received a new Precision 5520 with the pre-installed Ubuntu 16.04, which I ordered (touch screen, M.2 SSD, i7).
Unfortunately, I'm missing 3 things:
1) fully encrypted file system - without that, I'm not allowed to use the laptop
2) touch pad reacting on 3 finger gestures (such as 3 fingers up/down doing Super+W)
3) the standard Ubuntu shortcuts with Super (such as pressing Super a little longer shows all shortcuts)
Since I'm not a Linux expert, I thought there might be 2 options:
a) installing standard Ubuntu (16.04 or 16.10)
b) re-installing via Dell recovery image
For a), some threads on reddit and here indicate manual work and unknown missing parts compared to b) - so for now that's too complicated for me.
For b), I hoped to get at least the encrypted file system, but unfortunately I'm not even able to create a bootable USB stick (via another Ubuntu laptop using Startup Disk Creator) with that image. Works for Ubuntu ISOs, but for the Dell ISO (downloaded 2x to verify, since Dell doesn't provide checksums) when trying to boot the 5520, the message "isolinux.bin missing or corrupt." appears.
Any help?
I think <b> is the right approach to solve your encryption problem. The reinstallation utility will let you pick your own partition layout but you won't get a recovery partition in the process. I think that should be fine for you.
Dell's image does not support legacy mode. When you're trying to boot the image, if it's referring to anything about isolinux, then you are booting in legacy mode. Dell only uses GRUB2 in UEFI mode for booting.
When you've created the USB disk, a few things to check:
1) Is the disk FAT32? UEFI can only boot FAT32 disks.
2) Do you have an efi/ directory in the root of your partiion on the USB disk? The efi/ directory is where the GRUB2 bootloader is stored that is loaded when you boot off the disk in UEFI mode.
If you have an efi directory, when you select the F12 post menu are you seeing the USB disk show up under the UEFI section? You should. That bootloader will offer an option for "Dell Recovery".
The USB stick with the Dell recovery image didn't show up in UEFI boot mode in the Precision 5520, but the Ubuntu sticks were shown.
The Ubuntu Disk tool said "Hidden HPFS/NTFS (Bootable)" partition for the stick with Dell recovery image, generated by Startup Disk Creator. In comparison, the Ubuntu sticks generated by the same tool had 2 partitions: Bootable and a small FAT partition.
-> I formated a stick to be FAT and copied the content of Dell's ISO image to that stick -> was finally shown during booting
During recovery I was able to select full encryption for the device. And the standard Ubuntu shortcuts with Super are working.
The desktop has a "Prepare for shipping to end user" icon, which requires a password (for the OEM user) I don't know.
What now?
Well, I just installed the current beta of Ubuntu 17.04 and it works out of the box (did not test for symptoms reported somewhere else).
Edit: Multi touch does not work, but that seems to be a typical Ubuntu topic.
Few days ago I received my Dell Precision 5520. It came with a pre-installed ubuntu 16.04. The weird thing is that when booting the first time, I can only login as a guest user by pressing enter key. I can't sudo or do anything useful.
The disk has 3 partitions:
/dev/sda1 (EFI partition type - FAT32 - 524MB)
/dev/sda2 (Basic Data type - FAT32 - 3.2GB)
/dev/sda3 (Linux Filesystem Ext4)
I guess the second partition holds the recovery image, isn't it?
I am tempted to reinstall ubuntu on the third partition, but feel like I would be missing some specific dell drivers that wouldn't be present from the general ubuntu 16.04 distro?
What should I do?
For some reason when I added myself to the www-data group my sudoers access was removed. I used the following to fix it.
Mario asked me to engage. Please send me a friend request if you still need help with the guest user concern.
Justin C
Dell Technical Support | Project Sputnik
Dell Support is also on Twitter! https://twitter.com/DellCaresPRO
Hi, now it's supported 17.04?


text:
Grand's self-titled debut on Ascend Records is an impressive collection of rock and power-pop tunes performed with flair and sung by Jason Karaban, an evocative singer-songwriter whose voice looms large over the band's diverse grooves and textures. Karaban is one of those singers who delivers songs with a catchy, emotional certainty, though the lyrics remain intentionally mysterious.
Released: 7/31/2001
Label: Ascend
Genre: Alt/Indie
All Grand profiles…


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Garfield and Scooby Doo Games
Children love cartoons. once a number of them, flick administrators created movies with real actors, that had a similar success because of the cartoons. as a result of that things went farther than that and there have been created laptop games with similar characters. 2 examples area unit Chief Executive and Scooby-Doo productions. These appear to be children's favorite heroes. Besides they're terribly funny they will additionally do unimaginable things.
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Hey! How's it going?
Not bad... i guess. What about you? Haven't gotten any updates from you in a long time.
Yeah! I've been a bit busy lately. I'll get back to you soon enough.
Alright, take care then.
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Inline line charts can be placed anywhere
Bar charts with negetives and stacked
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Because technology has made man arrogant and egocentric.
Because we think that environmental education does not work when man face environment authoritatively.
Because the "Nature-Animals-Man" triptych must retain a balance
Because man can never realize the fact that man and environment are interdependent by means of words but by experience and actions. This is the reason why we created "Once upon a time"
At its live folklore workshops you will see nature, man, animals in an interdependent harmonic and balanced relationship.
At "Once upon a time" you will see no dead exhibition areas.
You will experience live tradition, a fairytale-like reality, a game of tradition and life, of nature, man, animals, in as ideal relationship.
Annuel organisé Festival international de danse folklorique en Hollande.
Participation de 18-20 groupes étrangers.
L'âge minimum des participants est 17 ans.
Les groupes sont hébergés dans des familles guest-house.
Photos du 23 Festival de danse folklorique SIVO
Company Pitagross invites you to take part in an International musical youth and children's festivals, which will take place in Prague, Czech Republic.
In festivals can participate collectives of different genres: Academic and folk choirs, vocal groups, soloists, choreographic collectives, soloists of folk and modern dance, orchestras and string, wind and folk ensembles, folk groups and others.
During the festival every collective gets an opportunity to present their contest program and to get an international diploma. Festival's judges are honored figures of the Czech culture, teachers of leading musical and choreographic institutes of Prague.
Don't be hesitating to ask questions.
We are looking forward to meeting you!
Best regards,
Pitagross s.r.o.


text: Parliamentary election fever has taken over India as voting began in full swing on April 7 and is expected to run untill May 12. Politicians of every hue are on the campaign trail in the trademark starched white kurta (long shirt) teamed with pajama (pants) or dhoti (rectangular piece of unstitched cloth that's wrapped and knotted). But somewhere away from the cocophony of the elections, a brigade of dhobis (washermen) are working overtime to maintain the clothes of these politicians. Dhobi Ghat-No 15 in New Delhi, India's capital, boasts of its high-profile clientele. Located near the Parliament House and the residential quarters of politians, this open air laundromat is the place where the clothes of many leaders are washed, starched, bleached and ironed. "Our work-load doubles during elections and parliament sessions," says Ram Prasad, 44. "Politicians are busy traveling and campaigning and once they are back, their men give us the clothes to wash and iron in bulk and often we also go to their house to collect laundry. We have been washing clothes for generations which was most done by hands but now we also make the use of washing machines." Decades back, these washermen, mostly from underprivileged caste, had access to the houses of political bigwigs. They even knew some of them personally, but with the passage of time and a new generation of politicians, that has been lost. Gaya Prasad, 63, is the oldest washerman in the dhobi ghat. He has washed the clothes of former Prime Minister of India, Chandra Shekhar. His father used to wash the clothes of Lal Bahadur Shashtri, the second Prime Minister of India. According to Prasad, he knew Chandra Shekhar personally and it was on his recommendation that some people were able to meet the former Prime Minister. "I used to personally go and collect his clothes and would meet him regularly. The day his wife died, he had hugged me and wept," says Prasad. "Times have now changed. I have never met the new generation politicians. Their clothes are sent to us by their house helps."


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Gabriel Benitez Faces Angelo Sanchez in Main Event Grappling Super-Fight between Lanier and Mulhern also planned The Camel Rock Casino will play host to its first MMA show of the year when "Triple A MMA V: Redemption at the Rock," takes places inside the Rock Showroom on Saturday March 29th. A compelling featherweight main event will take place as Pojoaque's Angelo ...Read More »
Quinn Mulhern (MMA)
Five Possible "Superfights" We'd Like To See In 2014
With a new year comes new opportunities. After an exciting 2013 for local MMA fans, we can now start gazing towards a new year of potentially even more excitement. With the emergence of Bellator MMA in New Mexico to compliment the local promotions who have already made their mark in the area, fans should be clamoring for some high quality ...Read More »
What Would A UFC Event Look Like In Albuquerque?
It is a topic that has plenty of debate behind it; is the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC) ever going to make its way to New Mexico? Often considered the MMA "Mecca", Albuquerque has been long awaiting the opportunity to host the sports biggest and best promotion for some time and the 14-thousand plus seats of The Pit have longed to ...Read More »
Quinn Mulhern Set To Make Lightweight Debut Against Katsunori Kikuno In Singapore
Injuries have kept him inactive for most of 2013 but Quinn Mulhern (18-3) will finally get his chance at competing within a new weight class. The Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC) is making its way to Singapore for the very first time on January 4th and the year's very first UFC event will pit Mulhern in the classic grappler versus striker match up. Opposing Mulhern in the ...Read More »
Quinn Mulhern Set To Face Thiago Tavares In Brazil On November 9th
One of New Mexico's most talented submission artists is set to return to the Octagon on November 9th after being pulled from his August 31st bout. Quinn Mulhern (18-3) is scheduled to face fellow Jiu Jitsu ace Thiago Tavares (17-5) on the UFC Fight Night 32 fight card which will be held in Goiania, Brazil. Headlining the show is a ...Read More »
SWFight.com lists the 6 best New Mexico MMA events
The rich history of New Mexico's MMA scene dates back to the early 2000's when King of the Cage was in full swing in Albuquerque and Diego Sanchez was the "Nightmare" as an undefeated top prospect representing the little known Jackson-Winklejohn gym in the inaugural season of the UFC's Ultimate Fighter reality TV show. The state has always had a ...Read More »
Keeping up with MMA's many disciplines: Brazillian Jiu Jitsu with Quinn Mulhern
Mixed Martial Arts is very popular in New Mexico and has long been a "Mecca" of sorts for the sport as it houses very prominent elite level fighters and coaches. One of the most interesting aspects of that is the fact New Mexico is not notably renowned in any area of combat sports. That is why SWFight.com is digging a ...Read More »
Quinn Mulhern gets the call to the UFC, faces off with Rick Story at UFC 158
Often in the sports world, fans are captivated into following "feel good" stories. These are the types of stories that involve athletes making comebacks, breaking out into the spotlight or even living at the pinnacle of success. We as fans become emotionally vested and we start to follow the story from start to finish, embracing all the ups and downs ...Read More »
March Madness: Several fights this month featuring local fighters
The sport of MMA is fast moving, and living in New Mexico means we have both native and locally based fighters competing seemingly every single week. March of 2013 will be no different as every weekend in March will have some sort of MMA action featuring our locally trained fighters. It has already featured Diego Sanchez earning a decision over Takanori ...Read More »


text:
Artist's description:
This painting is intended to convey a feeling of comfort and peace. Chance is a (prize-winning, I think), pedigree show dog but I'm not convinced he really cares about that -the settee is more his thing, I think. This painting is intentionally dark and lacking in contrast, so that the dog and the settee blend and allow your eyes to see other forms within the shapes that it contains (but does colour-contrast sharply with the burst of Ultramarine Blue that comprises the cushion) -I found his fur quite mesmerising whilst I was painting this. This painting has had a coat of C Roberson Exhibition varnish to offer protection until it is old enough to varnish (if desired), with a conventional finishing varnish (oil paintings need up to a year to cure properly & to use finishing varnish too early can make it irremovable, making future cleaning impossible without damage to the paint film).
Materials used:
Winsor & Newton Artist's Oil Paint
Red Setter "Chance" (2014)
Oil painting by Steve Gostling
$1,869.83Free shipping
- Oil painting on Canvas
- One of a kind artwork
- Size: 27.56 x 19.69 x 0.71 in (unframed)
- Ready to hang
- Signed on the front
- Style: Photorealistic
- Subject: Animals and birds
This artwork is sold by Steve Gostling from United Kingdom


text:
Yes and no. Yes, if they come with mini-goals and an action-based plan to achieve them. No, if the ambitious goal is really just a dream or fantasy.
Training fads usually survive on little more than their followers' enthusiasm and myths about our brains.
But there is plenty of hard evidence about effective ways for adults to learn. That evidence from thorough research is useful for anyone who teaches, coaches or mentors adults.


text:
Digium Announces Keynote Speakers for AstriCon 2012
HUNTSVILLE, Ala., September 12, 2012 — Digium®, Inc., the Asterisk® Company, today announced that Chris Gatch, Chief Technology Officer of Cbeyond (Nasdaq:CBEY), and Clint Oram, co-founder and chief technology officer of SugarCRM, will deliver keynote presentations at the ninth annual AstriCon User Conference & Expo, the longest running conference devoted to the Asterisk communications platform. This year's event will be held October 23-25, 2012, in Atlanta, Georgia, bringing together the world's open source enthusiasts - from code developers and Asterisk integrators, to service providers and enterprise IT professionals - who share an interest in Asterisk, the world's most widely used open source telephony platform.
Gatch will present "Head in the Clouds: A Service Provider's View of Open Source" on October 25 at 9 a.m. He will discuss changes to anticipate in the small and medium-sized business (SMB) market induced by cloud technology, and how a new genre of service providers will fuel this shift. Gatch will also address some of the emerging services from the network service provider and hosting industries that make it easier for SMBs to utilize cloud services. Specifically, he will focus on the nuances of the cloud market, emerging network and infrastructure services supporting the cloud trend, and the critical importance of security to the transition from on-site to cloud-based services.
Gatch is responsible for leading technology strategy at Cbeyond. Since the company's inception in 1999, he has served in many leadership roles, including vice president of business development, vice president of product development, vice president of engineering and CTO.
Oram will present "The Impact of Open Source Technologies in the Contact Center: Let's Get Real" on October 24 at 9 a.m. He will share his insight into the fast-changing world of the modern contact center and how open source solutions are changing the way the industry conducts business. By intelligently merging affordable and feature-rich technologies such as Asterisk and SugarCRM, modern contact centers can achieve things that used to require significant financial and technical resources.
Oram helped launch SugarCRM in 2004 with the goal of enabling companies around the world to turn customers into loyal fans. Today, he leads product strategy and the product management and community teams. He was one of the original architects and developers of the Sugar application and has focused on helping build out the product, company, partners and community in a variety of executive roles.
Along with compelling keynotes, the AstriCon conference contains four tracks with more than 45 topics to offer attendees variety and options during this two-day event. Tracks include cloud, tutorial/development, enterprise/large scale and innovation.
"Digium is dedicated to making AstriCon the largest, most exciting Asterisk community event," said David Duffett, Asterisk community director. "Every year, we look forward to offering both experts and those new to Asterisk insights into the new frontiers of our application by providing expert speakers and a variety of informative tracks."
About AstriCon
AstriCon is the pioneer and longest-running event devoted to all-things Asterisk, one of the most influential open source projects today. Attendees will learn about trends in Asterisk use, the growing Asterisk ecosystem, the newest applications and a wide range of technical topics from Asterisk developers, users and entrepreneurs.
AstriCon will be held from October 23-25 at the Sheraton Downtown in Atlanta. There is a pre-conference tutorial day on October 22 with various introductory as well as developer tracks. Registration is open at www.astricon.net.
About Digium
Digium®, Inc. provides Asterisk® software, telephony hardware, and on-premises and hosted Switchvox business phone systems that deliver enterprise-class Unified Communications (UC) and UC as a Service (UCaaS) solutions at an affordable price. Digium is the creator, primary developer and sponsor of the Asterisk project; the world's most widely used open source communications software. Asterisk turns an ordinary computer into a feature-rich communications server. A community of more than 80,000 developers and users worldwide uses Asterisk to create VoIP communication solutions in more than 170 countries. Since 1999, Digium has empowered developers to create innovative communications solutions based on open standards and open source software, providing an alternative to proprietary phone systems. Digium Switchvox Cloud and other cloud-based products and services are offered through Digium Cloud Services, LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of Digium, Inc. Digium's business communications products are sold through a worldwide network of reseller partners. More information is available at www.digium.com and www.asterisk.org.
The Digium logo, Digium, Asterisk, Switchvox, AsteriskNOW, Asterisk Appliance and the Asterisk logo are trademarks of Digium, Inc. All other trademarks are property of their respective owners.


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Fakro Conservation Roof Windows are designed to complement both renovation and new build projects in a traditional style.