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Colleen A. Caldwell
Title: Unit Leader and Affiliate Associate Professor
Research Area: Fish physiology, aquatic toxicology and conservation biology
Office Location: Knox 125
Email Address: email@example.com
Office Phone: 575-646-8126
Office Fax: 575-646-1281
- Ph.D., University of Tennessee-Knoxville, 1988
- M.S., Southwest Texas State University, 1985
- B.S., Texas A & M University, 1982
Professional Experience:
- 2006-Present: Unit Leader, New Mexico Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Department of Fish, Wildlife and Conservation Ecology, New Mexico State University
- 2004-Present: Affiliate Associate Professor, Department of Fish, Wildlife and Conservation Ecology, New Mexico State University
- 2004-2006: Acting Unit Leader, New Mexico Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Department of Fishery and Wildlife Sciences, New Mexico State University
- 1994-2004: Assistant Unit Leader, Fisheries, New Mexico Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Department of Fishery and Wildlife Sciences, New Mexico State University
- 1994-2004: Affiliate Assistant Professor, Department of Fishery and Wildlife Sciences, New Mexico State University
Research Interests: What makes a fish, a fish? My research is multidisciplinary and relies on a broad in-depth knowledge of fisheries and aquatic sciences and the related technical disciplines of aquatic contaminants, aquatic ecotoxicology, fish physiology, chemistry, and conservation ecology. Examples of my research program include elucidating physiological responses to environmental stressors, diet development, fish husbandry and aquaculture, reproductive cues, fish health, disease, effects of drought, grazing and wildfire on fish habitat, and climate change on native imperiled fishes of the southwest. Much of my research program revolves around the effects that environmental disturbances have on aquatic organisms and involves innovative approaches to characterize the magnitude and duration of the environmental effects at multiple levels of biological organization (from the cellular level to the population and community levels). Despite New Mexico's arid climate, its reservoirs, rivers, wetlands, and high mountain meadow streams provide ample opportunity to investigate what makes a fish a fish and the effect that an ever changing climate has on New Mexico's aquatic heritage.
Selected Publications:
- Caldwell, C.A., G.Z. Jacobi, M.C. Anderson, R.R. Parmenter, J. McGann, W.R. Gould, R. DuBey, and M.D. Jacobi. 2013. Prescription fire effects on an aquatic community of a southwest montane grasslands system. North American Journal of Fisheries Management DOI:10.1080/02755947.2013.824934.
- Zeigler, M.P., S.F. Brinkman, C.A. Caldwell, A.S. Todd, M. S. Recsetar, and S.A. Bonar. 2013 Upper thermal tolerances of Rio Grande cutthroat trout under constant and fluctuating temperatures. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 142:1395-1405.
- Zeigler, M.P., A.S. Todd, and C.A. Caldwell. 2012. Evidence of recent climate change within the historic range of Rio Grande cutthroat trout: Implications for management and future persistence. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 141:1045-1059.
- Sykes, C.L., C.A. Caldwell, W.R. Gould. 2011. Physiological effects of potassium chloride, formalin, and handling stress on bonytail. North American Journal of Fisheries Management 31:291-298.
- Caldwell, C.A., F.T. Barrows, M. Ulibarri, and W.R. Gould. 2010. Diet optimization of juvenile Rio Grande silvery minnow. North American Journal of Aquaculture 72:57-64.
- Cho, S.J., C.A. Caldwell and W.R. Gould. 2009. Physiological stress responses of Rio Grande silvery minnow: Effects of individual and multiple physical stressors of handling, confinement, and transport. North American Journal of Fisheries Management 29:1698-1706.
- Sanchez, B.C. and C.A. Caldwell. 2008. Assessment of exposure risk of polychlorinated biphenyls to interior least terns (Sterna antillarum). Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 27:617-622.
- DuBey, R.J., C.A. Caldwell, and W.R. Gould. 2007. Relative susceptibility and effects on performance of Rio Grande cutthroat trout and rainbow trout challenged with Myxobolous cerebralis. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 136:1406-1414.
- Caldwell, C.A., P. Swartzendrubber and E. Prestbo. 2006. Concentration and dry deposition of mercury species in arid south central New Mexico (2001-2002). Environmental Science and Technology 40:7535-7540.
Current Projects
- Effects of Climate Change on Distribution and Continued Persistence of Rio Grande Cutthroat Trout (2008-2013)
- Restoration of Rio Grande cutthroat trout to the Mescalero Apache Indian Reservation (2010-2013)
- Limiting factors of Pecos bluntnose shiner throughout its range on the Pecos River (2010-2013)
- Evaluation of intermittency and drought on Rio Grande cutthroat trout (2012-2014)
- Effects of rotenone on native amphibians (2013-2014)
- Seasonal ecology of Pecos pupfish on a remnant wetland (2012-2014)
- Habitat and biotic surveys of McKittrick drainage in Guadalupe Mt. National Park (2013-2015)


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Read this tip to make your life smarter, better, faster and wiser. LifeTips is the place to go when you need to know about Alcohol Treatment and other Substance Abuse topics.
There are three drugs approved to treat alcoholism. All are meant to work only after the patient has become alcohol-free.
-- Antabuse, approved in 1948, works by causing nausea and other unpleasant symptoms when the patient consumes alcohol. However, those who want to drink simply stop taking the drug or choose to ignore the symptoms, limiting its effectiveness.
-- Naltrexone (ReVia) is meant to help patients in recovery stay away from alcohol by blocking the "high" from alcohol consumption. Its effects are limited and it is only approved for use in conjunction with supportive therapy.
-- Campral, approved in 2004, may help reduce cravings.
Alcohol depresses the central nervous system. Depression and anxiety are related emotional conditions that are very common among alcoholics. Antidepressant and antianxiety drugs may help reduce these disorders, which can contribute to cravings.
|Guru Spotlight
|Byron White

subset: commoncrawl


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- 2 beds
- 3 baths
- $790,000 price
- 218021215 mls id
- Square Feet: 2,616 sqft
- Year Built: 1987
An urban retreat, this private nineteenth floor condo is all about the views of Downtown Columbus. Dramatic entryway opens into an unstoppable view of the city skyline offering a sunset view unlike any other. This open concept offers contemporary details with some traditional elements. Floor to ceiling windows expose natural light onto the beautifully renewed hardwood floors. A walkway through the dining enters into a fully appointed kitchen with an eat in area and library. Elegant owner's suite with a spa-like bath as well as a second bedroom leading to a separate entryway into the condo. Catered by a 24 hour concierge, fitness center, heated indoor pool. A sunny afternoon with the doors open or a snowy day reading a book by the fire, this condo has everything fit for your lifestyle!
- Site Link
- Style Other Style
Courtesy of: 616-Coldwell Banker King Thompson
Office Phone: +16142390808
Listing Agent: Cody Butler
Updated: 3rd December, 2018 2:55 AM.
155 W Main Street Unit 1904 Columbus, OH


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Gallery North is pleased to present an exhibition of the work of TERENCE NETTER. Preparing these paintings over the past few years, Netter has continued to contemplate peace, truth, religion, and life. At this point in his career, Netter is nourished by revisiting the shapes and landscapes reminiscent of his home in the Loire Valley of France. Patterned details create a rhythm and quiet energy. The peace he seeks in his heart and mind, he expresses in his paintings. His surfaces are often silently mixed-media where the viewer must search carefully and quietly for that one subtle spot on the canvas which might be raised above the surface or slightly textured.
There are many levels to Netter's vision: vision as a meaning of life and truth, vision as a path to self-expression, vision as spiritual and emotional wisdom. Terence Netter's works are powerful subtle images which invite the viewer to enter in to his visual world of perpetual understanding.


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*3rd September 2018 news* My non-fiction book How to Self-publish and Market a Children's Book is out in print from today. 🙂 Whether you're just starting out with self-publishing or are part way through your journey this comprehensive resource provides practical guidance for planning and creating picture books, chapter books or middle grade novels and (crucially) tried and tested strategies for selling more books through author visits to schools, other events, local bookshops and online. Find out more and see a sneak peek over on my blog page here.
Posted 11 January 2013, Updated 3 May 2014, Further updated 25 Sept 2018
We've had a few questions about this on the Alliance of Independent Authors closed Facebook page so I thought I'd sum it up for everyone out there – I hope it's of help! Please note that I am not a tax expert so always check the facts with HMRC.
If you're a UK-based author starting to get income from your book sales it's important to know what you need to do about tax. HM Revenue & Customs (HMRC) will count such income as 'business income' – however small – and, depending on how much you are earning, you may need to pay Income Tax and National Insurance on your earnings.
But don't panic yet! You will only pay tax on your book royalties if your overall income (from your books and any other sources, such as your day job, interest on savings, etc) is above a certain level. And the rate of tax you will pay will depend on that overall level of income. Similarly, you will only need to pay National Insurance if your income from the book sales is above a certain level.
So how do you declare your book royalties?
For most UK authors starting out, the way to declare and pay any tax due on your royalties is to register as a self-employed sole trader with HMRC. (You could look at setting up a limited company but I won't cover this here – see the links at the end of the page to find out about other business structures.)
Once registered as self-employed you'll need to complete a self-assessment tax return each year. This is basically an online or paper form on which you declare all of your income – from employment, savings, any investments or rental income etc – for each tax year (a tax year runs from 6 April to 5 April). You would include your income from book sales in the self-employment pages.
The good news is that here you can also put down any expenses associated with your book writing as these get deducted from any profit you make before any tax is worked out.
How to register as self-employed
You can register as self-employed quickly and easily either online at gov.uk here or by phone by calling HMRC on 0300 200 3504 and saying to the automated message request that you're calling to set up as self-employed. Make sure you have your National Insurance number to hand if you have one. (The initial message tries to steer you to register online, but if you hang on and speak to the operator you can do it entirely over the phone).
Register as soon as you can after starting to get income from your books – the deadline for completing a paper tax return each is 30 October and 31 January for online returns, so leave enough time to be sure you can meet these dates. According to the gov.uk website, if you register later than 5 October in your second tax year of business, you could be charged a penalty. (NB Ignore the automated message that says 'you can only register during the week you start work' – this apparently means that you can only register 'in advance' in the week you become self-employed.)
Class 2 National Insurance
Once registered as self-employed you'll pay Class 2 National Insurance if your annual taxable profits from self-employment (book sales for this purpose) are £6,205 or more a year per year in the tax year 2018-19. Class 2 National Insurance is charged at a flat rate of £2.95 per week (2018-19) and accounted for in the tax bill you receive after sending in your tax return.
(For the 2017-18 tax year, the threshold at which you started to pay was £6,025 per year and the Class 2 flat rate was £2.85 per week.)
If you have low earnings
If your book royalties are below the Class 2 thresholds then no Class 2 National Insurance is payable. However bear in mind that Class 2 contributions count towards your entitlement to the State Pension and other benefits, so if you're not already paying Class 1 through the day job, you might decide to pay Class 2 voluntarily even if your income is below the threshold. Ask HMRC about this when registering as self-employed, or you can read about paying voluntary contributions on the gov.uk website here.
Class 4 National Insurance if books sales are flying!
If you're lucky enough that the taxable profits from your book sales are £8,424 or more for 2018-19 you will pay Class 4 contributions on any profit above these amounts at a rate of 9% for profits between £8,424 and £46,350 and 2% for any element of profits above £46,350. You don't need to do anything about this now – the profit is worked out when you complete your self-assessment tax return each year and is included in your annual tax bill.
(For the 2017-18 tax year the threshold at which Class 4 became payable was £8,164, payable also at 9%. Anything at or above £45,000 was/is payable at 2%.)
Do I really need to complete a tax return if I only have a few sales?
Speaking to the HMRC helpline (most recently as April 2016) it seems the answer to this is 'yes' to start with. However, once you send in your first couple of returns, if they see that your income from book sales is small they may contact you and offer to take you out of self-assessment and allow you to estimate and pay your income in a simpler way – for example through your day-job payslip. But think positively! Small sales may grow faster than you expect. And if you're serious about your writing, once you are set up in self-assessment it may be as simple just to stick with it so that you're ready for when the surge happens…
More useful tax links for UK authors…
You can find out more about self-employment, self-assessment tax returns and other business structures by using the links below:
- Self-assessment tax returns – info from gov.uk
- Self-employed National Insurance rates – gov.uk
- Choose a legal structure for a new business – gov.uk
- Self-employed record keeping – info from HMRC
- UK Income Tax rates and thresholds – gov.uk
And remember to check out my related post about how to reclaim tax on US royalties
Tax doesn't have to be taxing….!
Posted 11 January 2013, Updated 3 May 2014, Further updated 25 Sept 2018


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Barbara Banke
In Barbara Banke's home, there's always a fine chardonnay waiting for the right occasion. But in business mode, Banke is preparing for a global wine shortage, driven by escalating demand and not enough vineyards to fulfill it.
It's the kind of challenge Banke embraces. Inspired to pursue real estate law by her UC Hastings mentor, Prof. Stefan Riesenfeld, she specialized in complex land-use and eminent domain cases early in her career. When she married famed California winemaker and fellow attorney Jess Jackson, Banke became a vintner, applying her legal and business skills to the family enterprise. Upon her husband's death in 2011, she took the helm of Jackson Family Wines, the nation's largest seller of premium wines. Under Banke's leadership, JFW has expanded strategically in California and into Australia and Oregon, and has launched a new brand, Avant, geared to budding oenophiles of the millennial generation.
Segueing from legal practice into business leadership is something today's lawyers must be ready for, Banke believes. Law school "provides a good mental frame for assessing risks and solving problems," she says. With additional investments in immersive, interdisciplinary learning and an eye toward global practice, UC Hastings can prepare future graduates to be sound strategists who, like Banke, find opportunities to thrive throughout their careers.


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Activities for the Classroom and Beyond
The Association, 1998 - Education - 61 pages
Since 1975, the Association for Childhood Education International has published a column called "Classroom Idea-Sparkers" in each issue of Childhood Education journal. The column provides practical help for classroom teachers, preschool through middle school, offering educators ideas and activities to help extend learning and make it more relevant to students' everyday lives. This collection comprises those activities from "Classroom Idea-Sparkers" columns published since 1994. The activities have been organized by six categories: language arts and history, art and music, science and math, environment, back to school, and parents. The activities, which can be adapted for younger or older children, range from those intended to encourage reading and to involve students in art, music, science and math, to those that promote environmental and multicultural appreciation. (JPB)
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Common terms and phrases
4th-grade ACEI activities Arbor Day Ask the children Association for Childhood baking soda ball balloon camouflage carbon dioxide child Childhood Education International circus classroom Clipboards color wheel Creative curriculum developed diary Discuss display draw Earth Day Elementary School experience fanny pack favorite folder following Idea-Sparker garbage glass grade grapes graph grass help students Idea-Sparker was submitted ideas illustrate knuckle ball Language Arts legend letters lunch maple syrup markers materials math Megacone National Historic National Park Native American newspaper objects open house package paint paper towel parents pasta pencil pictures of animals pigments plant plastic pocket chart poem poetry pop art preschool reading Reading Festival recycling reusable shapes share spider spider web spin story string student created students write tape teacher teaching travelmates tree volunteer week


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A section of a floral bouquet we had purchased back in January when I first kicked off this 365 project. This image was mixed in with other negatives I just developed in a long waiting color batch.
Technical details:
Calumet CC-401 4x5 large format monorail camera.
Rodenstock Geronar 150mm F6.3 lens in a Copal 0 shutter.
Kodak Ektar 100 color negative film shot at ISO 100.
No exposure information was recorded for this one but judging by the depth of field I would guess F16 at 1/60th of a second(ish).
Developed using Unicolor C-41 color developing kit and Beseler 8x10 color print drum placed on Unicolor Uniroller 352 auto-reversing rotary base.
4x5" negative scanned with Epson V600.


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GALCIT Special Seminar
Control and Guidance Complexities of Aerospace Vehicles
This presentation focuses on the design and validation of Control and Guidance (C&G) systems for in-space transportation vehicles. The primary objective of these vehicles is to inject the satellite into the targeted orbit within the specified dispersion band and also to bring back a launch module from space to earth, depending on the requirement. The C&G system plays a complex role in stabilizing the vehicle along the desired path to achieve the orbit within the specified accuracy against the wide range of dispersions in various parameters like propulsion, aerodynamics, ground and upper atmosphere winds etc. In addition, a wide variety of internal and external disturbances during the flight make the functions of control and guidance very complex. The navigation system on-board provides the instantaneous rotational and translational response of the vehicle during the flight. While the guidance system generates the desired vehicle attitude steering command to realize the optimum trajectory in real time, the vehicle control system, comprising of autopilot and control power plant, steers the vehicle to follow the desired attitude.
The C&G system must ensure the integrity of the vehicle during flight and direct the vehicle to the intended target under all possible environments. The design and validation of this system has to take into account high level of interaction, with a number of vehicle subsystems, such as propulsion, aerodynamics, structure, actuators, sensors, liquid sloshes and also the engines or nozzles used for control.
The demand on control force and impulse is to be carefully assessed so as to ensure they are within the capability of the control power plant. The loads should not exceed the design limits of the structures and their design should be robust. Guidance function starts at lift-off and continues till the final target conditions, during the atmospheric phase with open loop guidance and outside the atmospheric phase with closed loop guidance. The guidance law has to be robust against larger deviations of vehicle trajectory and has to provide for fault detection and isolation. The talk highlights the complexities of control and guidance design along with various processes involved in the design and validation needed for the clearance of the system for the flight.
Contact: Kate Jackson at 626-395-2374 email@example.com


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how we work
In the UK
Uganda Creates is committed to building capacity in our local team and ensuring the majority of our resources are spent in Uganda rather than the UK.
How we operate in the uk
We are run entirely by voluntary staff in the UK. We run a flat structure with three operating directors who serve as Director of Operations, Director of Programmes and Director of Projects; but with cross-serving roles.
Our work in the UK is focussed on five main organisational areas:
- Governance
- Organisational Strategy
- Financial Management
- Evaluation and Reporting
- Marketing and Fundraising
The UK team manage these activities in coordination with our team out in Uganda, supporting to empower the local team to take on more responsibility each year.
how we manage our activities
Our projects are managed through our partner organisations in Uganda. We employ a Youth Development Manager (YDM) who sits across our partner organisations to coordinate our portfolio of projects. The trustees are in constant contact with the YDM, ensuring the projects are managed in the appropriate way and that all funds raised are allocated and spent appropriately.
How we raise our money
Our main source of funding to cover our ongoing operational and project costs is through a combination of individual regular giving and our own fundraising events (such as the Olympic Challenge, the Lands End to John Groats Challenge or the Three-Peaks Challenge).
As we expand over the next 3 to 5 years, we will transition towards securing more funding through grant giving bodies. This will allow us to build and sustain our capacity to deliver at a local level; and transition the charity's management to our team in Uganda, making them more independent and sustainable.
How we spend your money
At Uganda Creates, we work hard to ensure all the money raised goes directly out to where it is needed. We therefore minimise as much expenditure in the UK as possible. For example, all our UK expenses are covered individually, outside of the charity (including flights and visits to Uganda). This means that only 7% of our total annual spend is consumed in the UK.
how we work
In Uganda
We link in with local NGO's and other organisations that already work in communities on the ground, and add to the positive work they are doing.
how we choose our projects
A charity, local NGO or community will express an interest in partnering with us to deliver in a community
The community/organisation will complete an application showing how they fulfil the criteria to run a project.
We carry out an assessment to check whether the project has the suitable motivation and infra-structure
Once we are sure the community/ organisation meets the criteria, we move to secure funding
How we set-up a project
Once we are in a position to proceed, the following steps are carried out to initiate the project:
Establish a Community Council to provide project support;
- Identify an individual within the community to run the project;
- Provide operational guidance to set up the project.
how we employ our staff
Our philosophy is to train and employ local staff from the different communities in which we work. By doing this we seek to:
- Increase the skill and capabilities of local residents (project management, budgeting and planning)
- Provide an income stream for local residents
- Give the community a sense of ownership (a community council oversees each project)
We provide skill based training for local staff where necessary and encourage them to work for the community to serve the needs of the local people.
how we monitor and evaluate our work
We monitor and evaluate all our work to ensure the money we spend has the desired impact. We have a detailed monthly reporting system between Uganda and the UK, including monthly financial reporting; and all data is collected by our team in Uganda and reported back to the trustees in an annual report.
The evaluation of our objectives and activities is built upon our detailed Evaluation Framework, which tracks our objectives through the different inputs, outputs, outcomes and impacts of our work over a period of time.


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Monday 1st tri
Hope other 1st tri ladies are doing better than me! X
Hope you feel better soon PS.
I'm so tired, feel so pathetic! Was ok over the weekend with lie ins and afternoon naps. Not sure how ill manage work this week. I keep yawning, I feel so rude when people are talking to me! We were planning our scout programme and I know I'm going to struggle with the night hikes we have planned and at summer camp ill be 34 ish weeks! But I couldn't say anything just try to direct things towards activities I can/will be able to do.0
Morning ladies!
PS - I had a lot of trapped wind at the beginning this time too. Hope it eases off soon for you..
Raincloud - There tiredness is a real killer isn't it? my husband thought it was hilarious when I'd fall asleep on the sofa every night! Wow to camp at 34 Weeks!
AFM - Beginning of birthday celebrations yesterday (my 30th next Sunday)...my Mum and Dad are both working then so we had lunch yesterday instead. Off out for a play date with a couple of Hitchers/MDers today with our broods which will be fab. Pregnancy wise not much to report bar looking about 4 months pregnant...just airing for the elusive scan date.
Hi to all who follow x0
*tentatively steps in*
Morning ladies, newbie here.
PS sorry to hear your tummy is playing up. Have you tried peppermint tea before bed? I drink a lot of it as it helps my tummy when it's playing up.
Raincloud, it's not pathetic! Just don't try and hide the yawns, that sometimes looks worse!
AFM I got a positive on a frer yesterday and a 1-2 on a CBD this morning. I didn't want to come over here yet as it's still a bit of a shock, but I had a couple of questions, so thought I may as well introduce myself. My main question is about caffeine! How much can I have? I now can't remember what my other question was! My brain is a little sieve like at the mo!
I can't get on MD all that much as I can't go on it.at work but will be sneaking a look on my phone when I can0
Morning All,
PurpleStar - you have my total sympathies. This is my first full week back too and I am dreading it. I might even tell my boss today I look / feel so ill. Hope you survive today and feel better at some point today.
Raincloud - that sound like a plan. Its so hard, you feel like you are lying to people but its all with best intentions. Hopefully a few early nights will help you cope with work this week
Coco - Hope the birthday beginnings went well! Enjoy today, sounds far better than a day at work
Gavi - hello, congratulations & welcome! I think you are allowed 2 x coffee or 4 x tea. There is caffeine in fizzy drinks ie coke and chocolate too though. I tend to pick one thing each day but that's easy for me as I am not a massive tea / coffee drinker, more decaff green tea but I cant stick it at the minute.
I am feeling a lot better than I was over wkend thankfully and even managed a normal sunday lunch yesterday. Ive gave in and have been taking 2 x paracetamol each day for my headaches and its made the world of difference to me but I still look and feel crap. I wonder if the vaginal scan on friday afternoon upset little one? Friday evening and all day Saturday were horrendous, constantly throwing up & feeling faint & dizzy, My mum thinks it was a bug but I really don't.
Hi to all who follow!0
Gavi - Always lovely to see some newbies...congratulations to you! I believe it's 200mg.. If you google for the NHS pregnancy info I believe they have a breakdown of the caffeine in hot/fizzy drinks and chocolate.
SaSaSi - glad you're feeling better. I had a vaginal scan as part of my 12wk scan with I as the hospital was doing a medical trial so we had both...I didn't find it upset my belly or anything but it's with anything in pregnancy, we all get different symptoms/effects. Hope you enjoyed that Sunday Roast :-)0
Hi Guys! I'm off to the 2nd tri thread properly today... eeek. See you all over there very soon! x0
Morning all! I'll try to do a proper reply today.
PS - hope your stomach's feeling better soon - can you try something to calm it down, peppermint tea maybe, or what's that other tea that's supposed to be good to take if your BFing and your baby has wind - is it fennel? (brain has gone kaput lately!)
raincloud - I'm always tired and yawning anyway, but hopefully it won't be like this your whole pregnancy. It makes it worse that you can't have that much caffeine either! I'm sure when it comes to the camp they'll let you off some of the activities, although I imagine it is difficult trying to plan it at the moment.
Coco - Have fun at your playdate! Wish I lived near more people from here etc.
Gavi - congratulations! You can have 200mg of caffeine a day - have a look on the NHS website, think it gives you how much is in the average drink.
SaSaSi - I had paracetamol for some pains later in pregnancy last time, so they are ok to take - hope the headaches ease up a bit. Have you made sure you're drinking more than usual? Hope it was a bug and glad you're feeling bit better today x
Pepperoni - see you there in about 8/9 weeks!
I've had a busy weekend singing, still no real symptoms other than my boobs being bigger and sore.
I got a few appointments and referrals sorted out last week (referral to peri-natal psychiatrist at the hospital because of my PND last time, thyroid anti-natal clinic booked for March, MW booked for Feb, and blood test booked for tomorrow - that's for my thyroid which I've now got to have to have monitored monthly instead of every other month)
Feeling fine and can't believe I've only known a week! I think I might struggle not to tell people before the scan this time, although I don't want C to know until after then and don't want anyone else to accidentally tell him. We've told both lots of parents so far, but that's mainly because I wanted my Mum to know in case I had a bleed and spotting like it I did last time for the support.
Hope everyone else is ok x0
Hi ladies. Thanks for all your well-wishes on A's birthday, he had a lovely day. I'm going to attempt personals while he's eating his lunch (yes... late... bad mother).
PS - hope your gas, er, releases soon! But not in front of people at work ha!
Raincloud - hopefully it's just 1st tri tiredness, I found 1st tri to be the worst tri last time!
Coco - oooh have fun! Wish I lived close to a big group of MDers!
Gavi - can't remember exactly but I cut tea down to a couple of mugs a day max (never drank coffee) and remember chocolate and coke have caffeine in too.
SaSaSi - glad you're feeling better, that weekend sounds horrendous!
Pep - Byeeee! 2nd tri eeek!
Deedee - glad you got all the appts sorted out, one less thing to worry about.
AFM my god I'm bloody knackered. A was such a monkey last night, kept waking up crying for no apparent reason (didn't want food or cuddles, nappy fine, didn't sound like teeth). Am wondering how the hell I'll cope with two! Went out to a music class this morning and I should really do a food shop now but I just feel so tired, it's only a 20-min walk each way but it's hard carrying the buggy and shopping and coping with a bored and fractious A. H made noises last week about taking a couple of afternoons off to help me out but he's obviously forgotten. I think I'll just do an online shop tonight when A's in bed. I'm actually looking forward to starting work in a couple of weeks' time, as a break!! Pregnancy-wise still not started the morning sickness which I'm a bit concerned about but I suppose each pregnancy is different, plus last time I had plenty of time to analyse every twinge whereas this time I'm too busy to remember I'm pregnant half the time haha.0
Pep - hope to see you soon lovely!
Deedee -Fab that the ball is rolling and that they're monitoring your thyroid too.
Saisi - Glad you had a fab time for A's birthday. Definitely do an online shop and stick your feet up
Afm - Lovely morning at soft play with Bridget Gump and Houdini :-) Though suppose falling top to bottom of whilst carrying O once home wasn't so clever :'( rang epau but didn't seem concerned, just take it easy and keep eye for pain or bleeding. Was More worried about O than myself. My back is a but site but hopefully otherwise we're unscathed. What a numpty!0
*bit sore.....damn predictive text0
Hello All,
I finally feel better after the nausea of the last few days!! Officially 7 weeks today. Did plenty of work, ready for this week over the wkend so can chill when I get home now.
If my left tonsil/gland wasn't swollen in my neck/throat and I could swallow better, I'd be 100%!! x0
hey all
PS -tummy issues sound horrible - hope it subsides
RC - you sound like me. Feel like manage all week and weekend it's just either bed or sofa! Hope you start to feel a bit more energetic soon, but who are we kidding - it's first tri!
Coco - oooh to your 30th. Are you doing anthing special? are you still on Hitched? Don't recognise your name
Sasasi - poor you feeling like that.
Pep - congratulations on the graduation! hope to catch up with you soon
Saisi - wow back to work in 2 weeks. How do you feel about it? Imagine it must be so hard atter being off a while.
Ali - glad you are feeling better!
Gavi - so nice to see you!!! Caffeine was something I was really interested in. I never thought I'd cut down but when I read up about it I wanted to cut down. I'm a complete caffeine addict and would have at least one coffee shop bought latte a day, which usually contains 2 shots of exxpreso. Much to my upset, the coffee shops don't have standard caffeine levels so just ended up switching to decaff which is still caffeine, but very reduced. Plus the milk is very good for you.0
Hi Ceejay! No I left Hitched once the BT forums moved to here...I was never much of an OTer! Not much planned to be honest but I know H is planning something...he's been scheming! How you doing? X0


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MC:F2 Papers of Walter Stonehouse (Fellow 1617-1629)
This volume of sermons was secured, according to William Macray, by John Bloxam from the Bristol bookseller Kerslake at an unknown date. Walter Stonehouse (1597-1655) was a scholar of Wadham College 1613 and matriculated 1614. He obtained BA in 1616-17, an MA in 1620 and was a Fellow of Magdalen College 1617-29. Stonehouse was incorporated at Cambridge 1621, licensed to preach 1628, B.D. 1629, and Praelector of Logic 1619-20. He was presented by the University to a rectory in the diocese of Canterbury 1630/1 which he gave up upon presentation of the first mediety of the rectory of Darfield in Yorkshire. Stonehouse was an eager amateur botanist, and some of his plans and botanical notes for his garden at Darfield were among the papers given to the college by John Goodyer in 1664.
Catalogued in January 2005.
MC:F2/MS1/1 n.d. (c. 1639)
Folio volume containing 19 sermons written in Stonehouse's hand in double columns within ruled red lines. The autograph manuscript is in 543 numbered columns. The sermons were preached in general places, on sundry occasions by Stonehouse.
On the title page is an engraved label of an eagle on a perch with a scroll bearing the words, Servus natus theologus. The volume begins with a long bidding-prayer, in which Stonehouse commemorates his two colleges, Wadham and Magdalen. Sermon 23 (Oct. 1626) is the funeral sermon for President Langton. [See Macray Register, III, p. 114.]
The sermons were preached at:
1. Magdalen College
2. St. Mary's, Oxford
3. St. Mary's, Oxford
4. Bearstead, Kent (1 Jan. 1625)
5. St. Martin's, Oxford (5 Aug. 1623)
6. Magdalen College (23 Oct. 1626)
7. St. Mary's, Oxford
8. St. Mary's, Oxford (14 April, 1623) [Easter Monday Repetition]
9. St. Mary's, Oxford
10. St. Mary's, Oxford
11. Magdalen College
12. Magdalen College (St. John the Baptist's Day, 1629)
13. Paul' s Cross (7 Aug. 1631)
14. The Arch-Deacon of York's Visitation at Rotherham (14 June, 1633)
15. The Arch-Deacon of York's first Visitation at Doncaster (15 Oct. 1636)
16. Darfield (the first Sunday in Lent 1636)
17. Darfield (Easter Sunday 1636)
18. Darfield (the first Sunday in Lent 1639)
19. Darfield (the third Sunday in Lent 1639)


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Patrols increase after girls are approached in Trophy Club, Roanoke
Patrols have increased at schools in Trophy Club and Roanoke and in some neighborhoods after a man drove up to girls walking home in Trophy Club on Jan. 15 and masturbated in front of them, according to police reports.
Roanoke and Trophy Club police say they believe the same man drove up to two girls near Roanoke Elementary on Jan. 21. But the girls didn't approach the vehicle.
One of the girls in the Roanoke case told authorities that she may have seen the man in the area on other occasions.
"Parents should always report these types of incidents to the police department immediately," Trophy Club police Cmdr. Lee Delk said in a news release.
Authorities have released photographs of an SUV that detectives believe may be involved in these cases. The photos were taken by a home surveillance camera in Roanoke.
The first incident occurred about 4:45 p.m. Jan. 15 at Morgan Lane and Highlands Drive in Trophy Club.
Two teenage girls who were walking home told police that a man in a green Ford Explorer or Escape drove up and asked directions to the golf course. After giving him directions, one of the girls noticed that the man had his zipper open and was masturbating, police said.
Witnesses described the driver as a white man, about 30 to 40 with light brown hair that's graying on the front and sides. He wore a T-shirt and bluejeans. The vehicle was a dirty older- model Ford Explorer or Escape with rust spots.
In the second incident, two girls were walking home from Roanoke Elementary shortly after 2:15 p.m. Jan. 21 when they were stopped at Al Slaughter Parkway and Bentley Drive in Roanoke by a man in an SUV. He asked the girls where the golf course was, but they did not approach the vehicle. They rushed home and reported the incident to their families.
In that case, the driver is described as a middle-aged white man driving a black Nissan Xterra with a spare tire on the back.
Authorities advised residents with children to be on alert.
Anyone with information is asked to call Trophy Club police at 972-434-5500 or Roanoke police at 817-491-6052.


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A few days ago I saw the documentary film Amy about Amy Winehouse. Other than hearing her song "Rehab" and seeing her image on magazines, I knew nothing about her until I watched the film. I have now heard all of her music, and feel foolish I allowed the tabloid image of her to deter me from seeking it out before. When the film replays her death, it's nearly impossible to not feel a part of your heart fall away. Mine did.
The film reveals how closely Amy's songs mirrored what was going on in her life. On her album Back to Black, there's heartache I'm sure she hoped she'd live long enough to atone. "Love is a losing game" wants love to win. The sting of the line "I died a hundred times" wants so much to be believed. "I told you I was trouble," asks for a kind, trustworthy soul to see the misguided attempts for love. She was only 27 and she was going through the lessons of her relationships the way any of us do in our twenties, except hers became drenched in the sickeningly oppressive celebrity culture and the hardest drugs money could buy. Amy was loving, loyal, sensitive, kind, witty, but painfully lonely. Her personality was magnetic. There's a scene of her in the recording booth singing "Back to Black" and at the end she says timidly, "It gets sad there at the end, doesn't it?" Smiling, with the corners of her mouth turned down, it's as if she is asking permission: is it okay to be this sad? She proudly trots out of the recording booth, having finished her work—the work of making a space where it is okay to be that sad, knowing full well that she will be heard.
The film trusts its viewer. The filmmaker Asif Kapadia lays out the pieces of Amy's life, no piece seeming to weigh more than any other, and he leaves it up to the audience how or which pieces might fit together to bring insight into Amy's life, death, and legacy.
One of the more noticeable pieces in the film is the pivotal age and transition in Amy's life at 9 years old, when apparently this dark loneliness entered her like a parasite that could never be satiated. That year, her mother and father divorced. That is also the year when she said she realized she could do anything she wanted. In effect, Amy realized she could eat the entire bag of candy and no one would stop her. Amy told her mother eventually, "You need to say no to me." But her mother was not able to say no to her. Amy was shown at just 9 years old that she controlled the world, and for a child, that is a very scary thing. In so many of her actions, Amy seemed to be trying to hand back this power to her parents, especially to her father. Her friends comment in the film that Amy turned into a child around her father, and that she worshipped the ground he walked on. There is an image of her a few days before she died, leaning on his shoulder and sucking her thumb. This is the man who said that Amy didn't need rehab, after she had told him she would go if he thought she needed it. She gave the power of that decision to him, the way a child does, and he responded like a child. It's so easy to confuse permissiveness with loving your child, but as Amy plummets, you want so much for her to have a firm moment of tough love from her father, the person she seems willing to listen to the most. It's heartbreaking to hear her father's voice-over in the film regret that moment when he said she didn't need rehab, and even more heartbreaking for a completely different reason when he continues, explaining that ultimately Amy was the only person who could have saved herself. It becomes more difficult to feel compassionate for Amy's father when he brings a camera crew to St. Lucia to have his daughter filmed for his own personal gain at a time when Amy was finally unencumbered by paparazzi, sans what became her masquerade of eyeliner and beehive, and on what appeared to be an uphill trend toward wellness. She said to him that she'd give him money if he needed money (rather than have a camera crew film her) and then begs him to be kind to her on camera after he is callous. In that moment, she was the parent cautiously scolding the child—playing his game only to be utterly exploited by it. Her attempts to show she was the child needing structure, safety, guidance, and limitations blew back in her face, but her attempts to be the adult show her she might only be loveable when convenient or profitable. Also at the age of 9, Amy developed bulimia. When she told her parents about it, separately, they each dismissed it and did nothing. Every opportunity she could, in a kind of Alice in Wonderland freefall, Amy acted out, attempting to prove she was the child needing love and care, literally making herself sick in extreme efforts to either self-soothe or self-destruct, looking for someone to take the reigns, someone to guide her in the blackness of her experience. It started with bulimia, then with marijuana, alcohol, reckless sex, harder drugs, and further with the belief that she was nothing but trouble. Near the end of her life, as she walked on the street, hounded by paparazzi, her bones as visible as a concentration camp survivor, and the people close to her feeding on her like rats, Amy seemed to have faded fully into the blackness she sang about.
However, in the midst of it, she was transforming the R&B music scene, opening her mouth in a fearless, expressive wail of her every vulnerability, hope, and darkest disappointment. As her music brought her stardom, she couldn't really believe the power of her work, of her authentic self shining out and leading others. Amy used a roll of her eyes or a drug-laden performance to diminish it, or dismiss it completely. In her earlier career, before her fame, she found blissful joy in her music and she said it was the only thing she desired. But as her celebrity and drug-use increased, she mocked her work, calling the jazz she initially loved and emulated in her first album "elitist." More and more it appears she used drugs as a way to escape her power as an artist, even sitting down on stage and refusing to sing in her last performance. It was a full-blown drug-aided tantrum in an effort to hand back the power placed in her by the world, similar to her attempts she made with her parents, but this time it was between herself and 50,000 adoring fans. Before her immense success was obvious, she herself said that fame would do her in, that she wouldn't be able to handle it. She tried to find an anchor in her parents. Then she tried with her husband, but he was a man as unanchored as she was. Her need for love and safety with him was dangerously distorted when she said to him, "I'll do anything you do," referring to his drug-use, and "I'll cut myself if you cut yourself," once again handing over her autonomy to someone else. Her relationships, her drug-use, and her bulimia succeeded in making herself smaller and dependent.
Watching the arc of footage of Amy from the fresh-faced, smiling young girl to the emaciated, bloodstained celebrity is enough to make you scream at the screen, "It's coming! Get out of the there. The killer is right behind you!" It feels like she is committing suicide right in front of everyone, bit by bit, and then in giant leaps. It's obvious how much her community is aiding and abetting her demise. She becomes unrecognizable not just in consequence of her drug use, but also on purpose in what seems like an intentional effort to create a mask. It seems to start out in play, in fun, the way a child puts on a mask, a dress-up party...let's pretend. Her beehive and batwing eyeliner free her and give her confidence. As her addictions take a deeper hold, her mask becomes more for protection. Then later, the mask and the authentic self merge. They get slammed together in the confusing, chaotic Pollock painting of paparazzi, tours, money, drugs, and charts. Her beehive gets larger and larger, absurdly big, disturbingly tangled. Her eyeliner gets sloppier, and then completely smears down her face at times. Perhaps it is all because she needed to hide more and more, an effort to feel safe, an effort to disguise the trouble within her. I'm not sure. But it's hard to ignore the caricature she became. Someone who was pretending to be Amy Winehouse. .
Thankfully, the film shows us that Amy was a hero as much or more than a victim. Amy was an adult and made her choices that lead to her death, no matter the dysfunctional roles she found herself playing. Her father's remark that she was the only person who could save herself is true. And she was trying—she just didn't get to finish the work of recovery. Right at the end of her life, she began calling her friends from childhood who truly loved and accepted her, who faded away during her ascent to fame when they said they could not support her behavior and drug use— truly the most loving acts made by anyone presented in the film. Amy was finally looking for the support and love she needed in the people, these friends, who were safe. She had divorced her husband who had been the biggest influence of her harder drug use, and who had taunted her in a video when they went to rehab when she said, "I quite like it here actually." She was reconnecting with jazz, the roots of her love for music and inspiration. When she sat down on stage in her last performance, perhaps it was actually a redemptive moment. She was making a choice to end what she didn't believe in anymore, knowing she could rebuild something different, something that reflected the true values she was beginning to realize. When she called her friends about the show and subsequent tour cancellation by her label, she was not worried about it. Rather, Amy was excited because she was going to get to go to her friend's wedding after all, something the tour was going to prevent. In her refusal to sing, Amy was choosing her close, loving friends over stardom and a moneymaking tour. She was choosing a more ordinary existence rather than the fame and celebrity by which she felt betrayed.
In the film, Amy's father and Amy's husband try to blame Amy's downfall on her addiction. Just because a person has to find treatment for addiction first, before addressing other issues, doesn't mean it occurs in a vacuum. We can chock it up to addiction, but what really happened?
The truth is, Amy had power. People think of power as a negative thing. It's a loaded word because it is often used when we see it being abused. Many times examples of power are people suppressing others. That is a false sense of power. It functions as an optical illusion. It's like asking everyone standing next to you to sit down and claiming how tall you are. In this world, we call that power, but that is actually powerlessness. Amy had true, authentic power. She invented the world, as every artist does, when she sat down and got to work, making songs. She wrote them, recorded them, and created something that no one can ever take away from her or any of us. Of all the people surrounding her, she had the power. The Dapkings needed her songs to make their music. The recording engineers needed her songs to do their work. The record label needed her songs to sell and make money. The paparazzi needed her image to exploit. Her father needed her to feel worthy. Her husband needed her to feel valid. Everyone needed Amy, and what she may have realized right at the end is that she didn't need them in the ways they needed her. What I think Amy didn't know is that she could trust her power. As it is for all of us, power is something we need. Without power, we cannot act. Because of power, we are able to create in all sorts of ways. Power is the bigness of living our authentic selves. It is our claim and choice to live outside what others prefer, and it is what makes us free. Amy made a platform for her authentic self to shine and inspire, and that is something she never needed to diminish. People may have tried to get her to believe that her power was hurtful. But she didn't need them to do that to believe that power was dangerous. This was her belief. As a child, Amy had to take on power that she was not ready for and it hurt her. It wrought wounds from which she never healed. She couldn't trust power even when she became an adult and a singer of international acclaim. She was confused between her power—a power that was authentic—and others' false sense of power. Her father, her husband, and her management team—their power wasn't really power. It was a powerlessness that fed off of minimizing her power and forming their identities through hers. Amy was not able to say no to these people, nor was she able to say no to the inner beliefs that drove her destructive behavior. With her music, she made a space where her soul was free to play, where she was loved, where she had power. But, in the end, she did not have the time to find trust in it. Nevertheless, her power endures. In time, it will win over the negative interjects of the tabloids and the inner and outer distortions she endured.
Amy, your power, your music, it can never be diminished. It can never be stolen from you, and, thank God, it can never be taken from us. Your power still guides those who hear it—to speak what makes us most vulnerable, to unabashedly be ourselves, to wail the truth of the moment. Thank you, Amy. I'm so sorry, Amy. Rest in peace, Amy.


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Round table: Are we celebrity obsessed?
"There's a price to fame. Are you willing to pay it?" - Kid Rock
I just watched a documentary called $ellebrity. It was fascinating. Interviews from Jennifer Lopez, SJP, Jen Aniston and more. In summary, it's focused on celebrityhood and the media. The world as we know it has been completely turned on its side now that the paparazzi have no perimeters and social media has exploited our privacy. Whether you're a reality star or a true actor, there is no such thing as a "personal" moment. Then again, as a consumer, we often wonder...was that real or just a publicity stunt?
In fact, I swore off all the gossip sites long ago. There's something about marveling in someone else's demise that turns me off. Still, I do buy the occasional rag sheet so I guess I am guilty as charged. It's those slight moments of authenticity that make celebrities so interesting. You know, without makeup and stylists, playing with their kiddos at the playground. Lunching and actually eating with friends. Going for a run. Grocery shopping.
Why do we find this so fascinating?
Do you think it's gotten worse? Better?
Are you guilty, too?


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As of February 1st 2017, we are pleased to have Jon Burke as President Development, US and part of our executive management team.
Jon joins with more than 15 years of large scale solar and wind project development expertise in the U.S. Prior to joining GreenGo, he was VP of Development at Narenco, Senior Director and a pioneer of the company's first solar project at APEX Clean Energy, and Business Development Manager at Shell within renewables. These extensive industry experiences involved full-cycle project management from origination to successful financial closure.
CEO Karsten Nielsen comments:
"We are extremely pleased to have Jon Burke on board to help us manage our significant scale in the US. This demonstrates our ability to recruit industry's top talent that buy into the GreenGo vision, culture and values"
About GreenGo Energy Group A/S
GreenGo Energy Group A/S was founded in 2011 with a vision to disrupt the century-old centralized utility-scale business models through disruptive full-service solar solutions.
GreenGo quickly obtained a market leadership position in the Nordics with MW solutions for blue-chip clients including IKEA, Porsche Holding, SEB, Danica Pension, and Pension Denmark.
Throughout 2015 and 2016, we have invested significantly in global expansion with a focus on the U.S. market. In close collaboration with our strategic project financing partners, we are currently developing more than 1.4GW in several U.S. states. In order to secure maximal business and environmental impact, we exclusively focus on large-scale 100MW+ solutions and target 100% RE conversion of the C&I clients.
GreenGo's platform is a full-service solution including origination, development, engineering, construction, operations & maintenance, asset management, and project financing services. We continue to innovate and develop the full-service platform, business models, and disruptive products and services that drive disruptions in the cost of solar energy and create customer and investor convenience.
Our strategic focus lies on the business model that maintains positive cash-flow throughout project execution, avoids debt, and keeps solar assets off our balance sheet. In order to enhance our competitiveness and total earnings per Watt installed, we focus on developing project financing solutions that continuously lower cost-of-capital.
Furthermore, the paradigm going forward is what we call Solar 2.0: solutions that do not rely on government subsidies or incentives. We consider this essential for developing a sustainable growth platform.
Our organization currently consists of 30 skilled employees in Denmark, USA, and Mexico. More than 50% of these employees have an engineering background. The financial targets are ambitious, and we plan to have more than a GW in operation by 2021, thus becoming a GW company.
GreenGo is owned by founders and financially strong Danish family offices, ensuring strong backing and a long-term view on the development of the company.


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And We'll Rally 'Round the Flag, Boys.../
"The Battle Cry of Freedom" is a song about a Nation rallying around a flag that represented their idea of what freedom could mean for their people. Interestingly, this song has two different versions with different lyrics, one for the United States of America and one for the Confederate States of America so it's actually about two Nations rallying around flags. The U.S. version is about "rallying 'round" the "Stars and Stripes" American Flag that we all know and love to help bring about the end to slavery and to reunite the country into a whole, and the C.S. version is about "rallying 'round" a different flag, some version of the Confederate flag, though the song does not specify which one, to attain freedom from tyranny and demonstrate a love of localized homeland and family. It's the same tune, roughly the same song, but with two different meanings about two different flags. I think this song is a great example for us to look to when thinking about the recent events concerning the Confederate Battle Flag and how we are gathered around it as a Nation "once again" much like it says in the song.
I have been refraining from specifically commenting on the topic of what's to be done with the Confederate Battle Flag for the last few days because I wasn't sure how my feelings would be received or whether it was appropriate to join this highly politicized conversation in the wake of the heinous act of racist domestic terrorism committed in South Carolina a week ago. However, I feel that as a reenactor who has been trying to represent history, sometimes under the banner of the battle flags of the Army of Tennessee or Army of Northern Virginia (also widely recognized as the Confederate Battle Flag), I have developed a somewhat unique perspective on that Flag, and I hope it is not disrespectful to those who have lost their lives or their loved ones to express it at this sadly relevant time.
I have formed my opinion based on conversations I have had with many people who avidly display the Battle Flag to represent their heritage and to teach history, people I greatly respect, and many people who recognize it as a racist symbol of a regime of slavery, a culture of segregation, and a feeling of hatred against African Americans, people I also greatly respect.
While the Confederate Battle Flag may not have been be inherently racist from its onset, denying the fact that it represents racism to a gigantic percentage of the United States' population in the present day would, in my opinion, be naive at best, and possibly even cruel, at worst. I generally feel that for that reason, it's probably best to take it down from public buildings. However, in the light of the Battle Flag being banned as an outright racist symbol from being sold by retailers like Amazon, eBay, Walmart and Sears, I began to worry that this delicate situation is being handled with a hack saw instead of the scalpel it probably deserves.
My basic point rests on this idea: Context makes a huge difference in the interpretation of words and symbols. The Confederate Battle Flag or Southern Cross is a symbol inbued with all sorts of meaning, and the meaning is influenced by the context in which it appears. I believe we need to recognize the nuances of our language and then speak and act accordingly when we use words and symbols like the Confederate Battle Flag.
I'd like to give a few example of other words and symbols with ambiguous meanings that, taken out of context, can be very offensive and hurtful. For example, in England the word "fag" often refers to a cigarette, but I doubt an English person would go around asking people for a "fag" in the United States, especially in the company of homosexual people. They would recognize that the word "fag" refers to not only to cigarettes, but also to homosexuals depending on the context of the word. It would not the best word to use out of an appropriate British context because, in America, that word is more often a derogatory term used to negatively represent gay people rather than a word used to ask for a smoke. Similarly, the swastika has come to be viewed as a symbol of hatred and antisemitism in Germany (and most other western nations affected by World War II) due to the Nazi party's use of that symbol, but in India and many other parts of Asia where they practice Buddhism and Hinduism, the swastika represents good fortune. It would be appropriate to use the swastika as a positive symbol in a Buddhist temple in China without people thinking as much about Nazis, but it would not be appropriate to use that same symbol in a synagogue in Munich. We know how people in that synagogue would feel; they would feel bad because they would feel hated. This clash in meaning of the swastika symbol came to a head at one Buddhist temple in Southern California, and it was local Jewish leaders who came to the temple's defense in continuing the use of the symbol. It takes being educated on all the history of these words and symbols to recognize what they would mean in a specific context.
In this same way, I recognize that the Battle Flag represents Southern Heritage and Civil War history to many people, and I don't think those people are wrong to see that meaning in the Flag. It represents the memory of their ancestors who fought and died for a cause, even if it was a lost cause, or a cause that was racked with a desire by many to keep black slaves in bondage to preserve the economic status quo. At the time of the Civil War, the Battle Flag also represented the rights of States to govern themselves and to try to prevent a tyrannical government from ignoring their concerns, even if their concerns did encompass keeping slaves. Following the Civil War, it came to represent the Daughters and Sons of Confederate Veterans, those women and men who lost their fathers, grandfathers, brothers, and husbands (and also some female relatives) to the Civil War on the C.S.A. side. And it has also come to represent a nostalgia for an idealized Southern Americana, which many people choose to subscribe to because it makes them feel good about their homeland and proud of their heritage. But the ideal Southern Pride can never fully exist because it is tainted by slavery, racism, and oppression of minority groups, which is also part of the history of the South, and America as a whole. The Battle Flag represents many good things to many good and decent people, and I would venture to say that most of them want to use it to show those feelings without being considered racists. The problem is that they seem to ignore the other part of the Flag's history.
At the same time the Flag represents history and heritage, it ALSO symbolizes outright racism - pure, simple, and undiluted hate - to many other good and decent people due to its use for a regime that in a large part existed to uphold human bondage as well as its appropriation by racist groups following the Civil War and up-to-and-including during the present day. The Battle Flag's Civil War history is not it's only history. It was also used by the Dixiecrats in the 1940's and 1950's to rally segregationists against integration of schools, public transportation, bathroom facilities, the military, and almost every other aspect of society. It has been used by the KKK and other white supremacist groups as a symbol of the subjugation of non-white people as well as a calling card for violent acts committed against blacks, Jews, Hispanics and other minority groups. Most recently, a white man, who (allegedly) committed terrible acts of murder against an innocent group of church-goers in the city of Charleston, displayed the Battle Flag on his car to demonstrate his racist views.
The tricky thing about language and communication is that words and symbols can, and often do, have more than one meaning at the exact same time! The Battle Flag symbolizes all of those things, and much more, simultaneously! Because of that ambiguous meaning, I believe that people who choose to fly the flag should pay special attention to the context in which they are using it so it may be less likely to be misinterpreted. I think that would be the first step in the right direction.
I understand that this could mean self-censoring and restricting the use of the Flag only to appropriate venues, which I know could be considered a violation of free speech if we legally mandate that the Flag not be used at certain times or in certain places. I adamantly support free speech, even in cases where I also adamantly disagree with with the speech being made, which is why I do not support passing laws restricting the use of the Battle Flag in all situations. Rather, I would hope that we, as a society, would be able to use our common sense and empathy for others to make decisions about when the use of the Battle Flag is appropriate versus when it is not based on the context of its use.
In a place where people of all races are meant to feel comfortable and like they have equal access to justice and representation (like in front of a State Capitol building), I feel that it is currently quite inappropriate to fly the Battle Flag because it reminds so many of those people of the history of racism in the United States rather than a sacrifice of their ancestors or a symbol of their Southern Pride.
However, at a Civil War museum, reenactment, Sons or Daughters of Confederate Veterans meeting, in a history book, on the grave of a Confederate soldier, etc., the context of the symbol may be enough for people to also associate the Flag with Southern Heritage or historical reverence rather than completely with racism, which could make all the difference in the way it makes someone feel who might happen on the flag in that setting. A person viewing the Flag at a museum might say to himself or herself, "This Flag is here because it is demonstrating history or honoring Americans who fought bravely and died, even if for a lost Cause," rather than, "This Flag is here because people either don't recognize that it makes me feel awful or consciously don't care about my feelings."
After 150 years trying to recover from our Civil War and an even longer history of racial unrest in our Nation, I think now is a fine time for us to openly discuss the context of the Battle Flag and when it might be appropriate and when it might not be appropriate to display it. Then we can make an informed decision based on our knowledge and understanding of the complexity of how the Flag is interpreted in different settings and stop using it where it will make people feel unwanted or afraid, especially if that's not how we want them to have to feel.
I believe is important for people who are suffering to be loved and supported by their community, especially at a time when their suffering has been magnified by the cruelty of others. I feel that it would be prudent to use the Battle Flag more judiciously if that could alleviate some of their suffering.
I think that would probably mean we take the Flag down in front of State Capitols, but maybe leave it up in front of Civil War history museums and places where its meaning is less likely to manifest purely racist sentiment. Taking the Battle Flag down from the Capitol building in South Carolina could at least be a way for our community to show good faith and solidarity toward those members that are constantly suffering the treacherous effects of racism.
With all that said, I also feel that one way in which our culture is currently using a hack saw to solve this problem instead of scalpel is by outright banning the sale of all objects displaying the Battle Flag in public market places like on Amazon or eBay. I recently saw a post on Facebook from a man who had written a book on the Civil War in the state of Virginia talking about how his book, which showed the Battle Flag of the Army of Northern Virginia on its cover, is no longer being sold on Amazon because of the use of that flag. This book is a history book. It has the Battle Flag on it for an extremely relevant reason. It's not a book promoting hate, but a book trying to educate people about a specific historical time period that actually happened. When we go as far as to try to erase history or censor someone from selling their history book, which contains their free speech, especially speech that does not advocate hate or violence, I believe we go too far. Whatever algorithm has been set up by Amazon to remove all uses of the Battle Flag, even on book covers, is far too over-reaching. I'm hoping Amazon is able to send in their real human employees after the algorithm to correct these types of censorship errors, and I'm hoping that real human beings are able to sort out complexities in a way that robots cannot.
I must also confess that the fact that I am currently making a film as a living historian on the Civil War does complicate my opinion on this matter. It's inconvenient for me that the Confederate Battle Flag, which appears in much of my footage and photographs because it is used in the historical recreations and reenactments I participate in, would be categorically banned. From a purely personal standpoint, I have always felt somewhat uncomfortable portraying a Confederate soldier and "fighting" under that Flag for at least a few reasons: 1) I'm a Northerner, and I don't actually feel that much "Southern Pride," 2) My entire family arrived in the Untied States in the 1900's, so I probably don't have any ancestors that fought in the Civil War on either side, and 3) I'd like to think I'm not a racist, and I'd like other people to think that same thing about me. But, honestly, I need to show Confederate Flags to do my hobby, a hobby I, and other women like me, have fought hard to be a part of and have endured everything from basic awkwardness to purposeful discrimination in that fight. I need to show the Confederate Flag to at least somewhat accurately portray a part of history to an audience. I need to show the Confederate Flag to make the film that I am trying to make about the topic I'm trying to make it on. If websites like Amazon make it so I can't distribute my movie because the Confederate Battle Flag might appear on the DVD case, that would make it much more difficult for me to get my movie out there. It would also make it really difficult to sell merchandise featuring actual elements of the movie. Like I mentioned above, I also have relationships with people who are what you might call "flaggers," and I hope to continue being friends with many of them. And, on top of it all, I sometimes enjoy portraying a Confederate soldier because I find their history interesting, and I want to learn about it, understand it, and represent it accurately so other people can understand it, too. So I must acknowledge that, I have a very vested interest in preventing the blanket censorship of the Confederate Battle Flag with no regard for its context, and I hope that this hack saw ban from retailers stops and gradually adjusts to incorporate more nuance.
While #TakeItDownFromCertainInappropriatePlaces isn't nearly as catchy as #TakeItDown and #LeaveItUpWhereItsBeingUsedMoresoToPortrayHistoryAndMightBePerceivedLessAsBeingBlatantalyRacist isn't as committed as #LeaveItUp, what my opinion on the Battle Flag boils down to is that my opinion can't be boiled down as easily as one might hope for an Internet meme. But, I don't think this situation should be boiled down in that way. Taking the Battle Flag down isn't going to extricate the centuries of racism that have pervaded our culture. It's not going to be that easy.
It's totally possible that I just wasted an hour of my time and yours writing this post on a red herring that is the Battle Flag when we could have been using that time to think of ways to improve the situation of institutionalized and overt racism, which seems to me like the real problem.
Anyway, I understand that just because this is my opinion, that it isn't the only opinion, and it may not be a perfectly correct opinion. I reserve the right to adjust my opinion based on feedback or to reformulate it all together based on new, better information. I anticipate that there will be people who will disagree with my desire to remove the Battle Flag from inappropriate venues where it would signify racism more clearly than history or heritage. I anticipate that there will be people who disagree with my desire to retain the Battle Flag in what I deem to be more appropriate venues where I would hope that people would be able to appreciate the meaning it held during the Civil War, the meaning it still holds for Southerners who may have lost an ancestor in that war, and the meaning for historians who are trying to show people a truth about our past, regardless of how sordid that past may be.
I'm interested to hear the opinions of others, and to keep this dialog open. I think we might all be better off both talking about it and also listening about it before we move forward.


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The Bison boys' and girls' soccer teams are still ranked #1 in 3A this week, after the boys beat Newcastle and Torrington and the girls beat Newcastle and tied Torrington last week.
The rest of the rankings in 3A boys are Lander at #2, Jackson at #3, Cody at #4 and Worland at #5.
For the girls, it is Jackson at #2, Cody at #3, Lander at #4 and Torrington at #5.
The Bison boys are now 2-0 in conference, 8-1-1 overall. The girls are also 2-0 in conference and 7-1-1 overall.
Both teams have this week off but will be in action again next Tuesday as the boys travel to #5 Worland, while the girls host the Lady Warriors. On Friday the boys will again be on the road at Newcastle while the girls host the Lady Dogies, and then Saturday the girls will be on the road at Douglas while the boys will host the Bearcats.
The Bison track and field team will be at the Dan Hansen Memorial in Sheridan Thursday and we'll have results when they are available.
The Bison golf team will travel to Douglas to compete also on Thursday.


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I didn't get any pictures, or if I did, I can't find them, but after building the work support out of 1.5″ x 1.5″ x 11ga angle iron that measures 58″ x 34″ this will give me plenty of space to clean a fender and possibly a bumper.
I started with cutting out the hopper out of 18ga sheet which I then clamped to the work support frame.
I was going to use a spring loaded trap door at the bottom of the hopper to allow me to drain it and replace the media when necessary. The trap door I'm using came from TP Tools, so I made a spacer out of some steel I had laying around and clamped it in the hopper.
I kept cutting out the 18ga sheet to make the other two sides and ended up with a decent funnel shape. When I was in high school I worked at a HVAC company where I made plenums. I sure wish I had the sheet metal brake and spot welder that I used in that shop. I then proceeded to tack weld it together.
After everything was together I moved on to fully welding the joint and grinding it smooth.
I double-checked that the trap door would fit the hopper.
When this was done, I turned it over and added seam filler to the joints. The idea is to make a box that is air tight enough that the vacuum will draw air through the inlet and not all over the place. I don't want it leaking like a sieve. It's not a good picture but it's all I have from this step.


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Paddy Doherty's victory in the Celebrity Big Brother live final proved a ratings winner for Channel 5 on Thursday evening, the latest audience data has shown.
The two-hour Celebrity Big Brother final averaged 3.01m (14.3%) for Channel 5 from 9pm, as the Gypsy Weddings star was voted the winner ahead of Kerry Katona.
The show peaked at 3.44m (17.6%) in the 15 minutes after 10.15pm, and spinoff Celebrity Big Brother's Bit On The Side entertained 1m (10.1%) on Channel 5 from 11pm.
Whilst the live final failed to reach the dizzy heights of 5.1m for the launch of Celebrity Big Brother, the reality TV show has proved an overall ratings winner for Richard Desmond's Channel 5, sticking mostly above 2m viewers for its nightly highlights episodes.
Big Brother continues on Channel 5 on Friday night with a house of non-celebrities, apart from special guest Pamela Anderson.
Elsewhere on Channel 5, Cowboy Builders built 911k (4.1%) in the 8pm slot.
Meanwhile, Simon Cowell's gameshow Red or Black? continued to struggle, pulling in just 3.81m (16.9%) on ITV1 in the 8pm hour, easily beaten by Watchdog's 5.23m (23.2%) on BBC One.
Red or Black? did not fare much better when it returned from 9.30pm, attracting 3.86m (17%) and 207k (1.3%) on +1, as Yorkshire pig farmer Darren Thompson became the third person to win the £1m jackpot.
Torchwood: Miracle Day continued with 3.45m (14.7%) on BBC One, beating The Killing USA's 1.05m (4.5%) on Channel 4, and 151k (0.8%) on timeshift.
Question Time: 9/11 Special quizzed 2.04m (16.7%) from 10.45pm, while The Jonathan Ross Show was seen by 919k (7.4%) on ITV1.
Live coverage of Diamond League Athletics ran away with 1.49m (7%) on BBC Two between 7pm and 9pm. Adopting Abroad: Saira's Story mustered 1.42m (6%) from 9pm and Mock The Week amused 1.98m (9.9%) from 10pm.
Channel 4's Country House Rescue built 1.59m (7%) in the 8pm slot and 208k (0.9%) on +1. Undercover Boss USA fetched 570k (2.9%) from 10pm and 107k (1.1%) on timeshift.
Overall, BBC One dominated primetime with 20.8% against ITV1's 17.7% (+1: 0.5%). Channel 5 ranked in a strong third with 8.4%, ahead of BBC Two's 6.8% and Channel 4's 4.6% (+1: 0.8%).
Elsewhere, the new series of Celebrity Juice attracted 927k (4.9%) to ITV2 from 10pm and 119k (1.9%) on +1. Supermarket-set comedy Trollied amused 411k (2.7%) on Sky1 from 9pm.
On BBC Three, Don't Tell The Bride averaged 550k (2.4%) in the 8pm slot, and 9/11 Conspiracy Road Trip captivated 659k (2.8%) from 9pm. Lee Nelson's Well Good Show entertained 416k (2.6%) from 10.30pm.
Comedy The Big Bang Theory mustered 756k (3.4%) on E4 from 8pm and 112k (0.5%) on +1. The Story of British Pathe educated 574k (2.4%) on BBC Four from 9pm.


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A young woman was robbed at gunpoint late Thursday night.
A young woman was robbed at gunpoint late Thursday night.
The 20-year-old Bessemer City woman is a delivery person for Papa John�s Pizza on Union Road.
She had gotten out of her vehicle to deliver two pizzas on Proctor Street just before midnight when she was approached by two men. At least one had a gun and demanded the woman�s pizza and money, according to police.
The woman handed over the two pizzas and $50. A portion of the money belonged to the business and some belonged to the delivery woman.
The men left with the money and food.
A report was filed with Gastonia Police. No arrests have been made.


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The Wahine Project Cuba
A 501(c)(3) connecting girls and young women to the ocean in Cuba.
Since January 2016, we have been serving as the creative communications team and Florida + Cuba Liaisons to The Wahine Project Cuba.
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