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17. A.F. of L. Class Collaboration During the Coolidge "Prosperity" (1923-1929)
|The Foster/Gitlow Communist Party
Presidential ticket of 1928.
Gitlow would later leave the Party and
became conservative and anti-Communist.
American industry, fed by the red blood of war, increased its production from 1913 to 1929 by 70 percent.1 "By 1928 the total volume of (U.S.) production exceeded the production of the whole of Europe."2 The production of passenger automobiles, the bonanza industry, went up from 895,930 in 1915 to 4,587,400 in 1920, and trucks from 74,000 to 771,000. The production of gasoline increased by 300 percent. During this whole period monopoly flourished, the trustification of industry developed at a rapid speed, and the number of blood-nourished millionaires multiplied. Never before had the world seen the like of this saturnalia of capitalist profit-making. But the living standards of the workers lagged.
Various factors combined to create the Coolidge post-war boom. Among these were the American capital export of $20 billion in war and post-war loans to finance Europe's war and to rebuild its shattered industries; the capture of world markets by the United States from the crippled European powers; the introduction of an intense speed-up, or "rationalization" of industry in the home country; the growth of a huge installment-buying system; the industrialization of the South; the expansion of the automobile industry; and the wide extension of luxury industries. The whole fevered development was based upon the destruction wrought by World War I. This great war not only tremendously enriched the United States and made it far and away the wealthiest capitalist country, but it also demonstrated that the world capitalist system, including the United States, was sinking into an incurable general crisis, and that in order to keep going even temporarily, it required the fatal stimulant of war.
During the Coolidge "prosperity" period American imperialism was aggressively expansionist and reactionary. Its general predatory spirit was exemplified by the huge growth of military and naval armaments, repeated armed invasions of Caribbean and Central American countries, systematic penetration of Germany through the Dawes and Young plans, violent hostility toward the Soviet Union, and inroads upon China through the device of the "Open Door" policy. It was characterized by such developments on the home front as the passage of reactionary legislation to curb union labor, the systematic encouragement of company unionism, the execution of Sacco and Vanzetti, the continued imprisonment of Mooney and Billings, the unchecked outrage of lynching in the South, the Teapot Dome scandal, the Scopes anti-evolution trial, and the like.
The central economic aim of the big capitalists in the United States during this period was to speed up the workers in production, to exploit them to the limit of their endurance. To exploit the workers more intensively is, of course, always the objective of the capitalists; but this was especially the case during the Coolidge years. Their aim was to satisfy the commodity-hungry post-war world markets, with a minimum of new capital investment—the demand for capital export to Europe being very heavy. Hence the speed up or "rationalization of industry," as they called it, became a fetish with the American capitalists during these years.
The heart of the rationalization of industry was the system of mass production. With the assembly line as its characteristic feature, and the reduction of innumerable skilled jobs to the common denominator of the line, this changed the whole lay-out of the plant. This system, stimulated by World War I, was the basis for the eventual great increase in the productivity of American industry. During the 1920's the capitalists strove to drive the workers even faster and to make them helpless in the mass production system.
But to enforce their speed-up of the workers, it was necessary for the employers to break the latter's resistance to being thus ruthlessly driven. Here the conservative trade union leadership came into the picture, as willing servants of the employers. The top A.F. of L. and Railroad Brotherhood leaders had rallied their membership for the employers' imperialist World War I and shamelessly sabotaged the workers' resistance during the big union-smashing drive of the bosses after the war had been won. Now they could be depended upon to perform this new speed-up task for their masters, the employers—and they did just that.
The conservative union leaders were not only willing but eager to carry out the bosses' plans for the "rationalization" of industry. What happened to the workers' living standards in the meantime was not of primary concern to them. These labor bureaucrats were frightened by the serious defeats the unions had suffered during the post-war offensive of the capitalists and by the growth of radical sentiment among the rank-and-file workers. And so the only condition they laid down to the arrogant employers was that they be allowed to maintain some sort of dues-paying mass unions, however enfeebled, that would suffice to pay their over-swollen salaries, not to mention their other financial perquisites.
To this end, the conservative union leaders were ready to go far in the direction of company unionism, and they did. William Green, who succeeded Gompers as the head of the A.F. of L. in 1924, made this willingness very clear in a number of the most servile speeches ever delivered by a labor leader in the United States. He placed the unions of the workers at the disposal of the bosses in the latter's speed-up plans. The Executive Council's report to the A.F. of L. convention of 1927 showed how far the labor bureaucrats were going toward company-unionizing the trade unions. It declared that "there is nothing that the company union can do within the single company that the trade union cannot develop the machinery for doing and accomplish more effectively. Union-management co-operation ... is much more fundamental and effective than employee representation plans for co-operation with management."
Some sections of big, open-shop capital became interested in these offers of the A.F. of L. leaders to have the craft unions "do better" the functions of the company unions than the company unions themselves. William Green reported to the Executive Council, in January 1927. that "the General Motors Company was prepared to agree to the organization of some of its big plants as an experiment in union-management co-operation, provided that there would be no jurisdictional fights." 3 But the 19 unions claiming jurisdiction over the automobile workers could not agree among themselves as to which should get the workers. With the characteristic stupidity of craft unionism, they preferred see the basic industries remain unorganized than to surrender their rival paper claims over the workers. Therefore the whole scheme fell through. Lorwin says that other big concerns besides General Motors were also interested in Green's plans to company-unionize the American labor movement.
The new orientation of the labor bureaucracy toward intensified class collaboration for the speed-up began to manifest itself in the form of the so-called Baltimore and Ohio plan, a scheme for more intensive production, devised by the efficiency experts of that railroad. It was forced upon the defeated shopmen on several roads at the end of their ill-fated strike of 1922. The essence of the B. & O. plan was that if the workers would agree with the bosses to turn out more work they would thereby automatically reap real advantages in the shape of increased wages and more continuous employment.
With the top labor officials bankrupt after the big post-war drive of the employers against the unions, the A.F. of L. convention of 1923 grasped at the B. & O. plan, or union-management co-operation scheme, as manna miraculously fallen from heaven. It offered a way to preserve some semblance of mass organization and it gave them a sort of program to take to the workers, so they made the most of it. The convention, composed almost exclusively of high union officials, hailed the plan as a turning point for the labor movement and the United States. Two years later the 1925 convention of the A.F. of L. developed the plan in great detail as the "new wage policy."
Not content with offering to co-operate with the capitalists for more production, the trade union leaders went into the speed-up business themselves. They put efficiency engineers on the union payrolls and had them devise plans for increasing production. These schemes they then proceeded to force upon the workers and also offered them, free of charge, to the employers. Many labor organizations followed such practices. Indeed, unions that did not do so were looked upon by the bureaucrats as backward and unprogressive. So low had the trade union leadership fallen that it had actually transformed the unions from fighting organizations, designed to protect the workers' interests, into parts of the employers' producing mechanism. Union-management co-operation thus went far beyond even the rosiest dreams of the classical industrial efficiency expert, Frederick Taylor. Before World War I, Taylor's speed-up devices had been condemned with bell, book, and candle by the labor officialdom as the death of all trade unionism; but now these same leaders accepted Taylor's ideas as the gospel of organized labor.
The erstwhile "progressive" or center group in the labor movement vied with the right-wing labor leadership in its enthusiasm for union-management co-operation. The Socialists, too, grabbed it hook, line, and sinker. In fact, in no unions in this country was the speed-up system so highly developed as in the supposedly socialistic needle trades unions. They had complete sets of efficiency engineers, standards of production, and all the rest of the speed-up plans. Leo Wolman, research director of the Amalgamated Clothing Workers, thus explained the role of labor unions in this period: "The primary aim of the labor union is to co-operate with the manufacturer to produce more efficient conditions of production that will be of mutual advantage. In some cases labor unions will even lend money to worthy manufacturers to tide them over periods of distress."
In order to drive ahead with the speed-up, "rationalization" plans and to demoralize the labor movement still further, blatant American imperialism put forth during the Coolidge period a whole series of "prosperity illusions" designed to befuddle and confuse the workers. Never in the whole history of American capitalism did the bosses give birth to so many glowingly Utopian ideas of social progress as in the hectic boom times of the 1920's.
For example, Thomas N. Carver, Harvard professor of political economy, came out with a glittering theory to the effect that the workers, because of mass production and the speed-up, not only could become but were becoming capitalists by buying up industrial stocks. 4 "The only revolution now under way," said he, "is in the United States. It is a revolution that is to wipe out the distinction between laborers and capitalists by making laborers their own capitalists and by compelling most capitalists to become laborers of one kind or another." He stated that the savings of the workers were so great that "Any day the laborers decide to do so, they can divert a few billions of savings to the purchase of common stock of industrial corporations, railroads, and public service companies, and actually control considerable numbers of them." Thus, said he, "If the railroad employees would merely save the increase which they had recently received in wages, it would give them $625,000,000 a year for investment. On this basis, if they bought railroad stocks at par, they could, by investing all their savings and dividends in railroad stocks, buy $3,490,000,000 in five years. This would give them a substantial majority of all the outstanding stocks." But how the workers were to eat in the meantime, Carver did not say.
Professor Tugwell of Columbia, in his book, Industry's Coming of Age, developed the perspective that capitalism—monopolized industries and all—was gradually becoming "socialized," with the private ownership feature tending to atrophy and die out. Gillette, the safety razor magnate, in his book, The People's Corporation, painted a capitalist-"Socialist" Utopia, which the people were gradually creating by buying industrial stocks, a plan akin to Carver's. Foster and Catchings, forerunners of John Maynard Keynes, elaborated plans for "financing the buyer" which supposedly would eliminate economic crises and bring prosperity for all. Stuart Chase, an erstwhile Socialist, pictured a new and glowing mass prosperity inherent in the simple plan of abolishing waste in industry by applying more scientific production methods. Whiting Williams, Mac-Kenzie King, Glen Plumb, Thorstein Veblen, and many others added their voices to the chorus of capitalist economists and industrialists who were about to create a world of plenty for all. It was in this spirit that Herbert Hoover, who was Secretary of Commerce under Coolidge and one of this school of economists, assured the people after his election, in November 1928, that the United States was then on the verge of abolishing poverty. All this demagogy, of course, was but the delirium of optimism (in an extreme degree) always felt by the capitalists when their economic system is in the boom phase of its cycle.
The substance of what all these exuberant boosters of American capitalism were saying was that capitalism in this country, by the natural processes of its evolution, was turning into socialism, if not something far superior. Capitalism in the United States, distinct from that in Europe, had overcome its internal contradictions, had "come of age," was being democratized, and had entered upon an endless upward spiral of development and mass prosperity. It was a sort of "capitalist efficiency socialism." The "New Capitalism," they called it. As these soothsayers would have it, Henry Ford had superseded Karl Marx.
During these hectic years the capitalists of Europe and elsewhere looked with envy and admiration upon the United States, where the capitalists by the magic of mass production and the speed-up had apparently tamed the labor movement and solved all economic problems. In the forefront of these foreign admirers of American monopoly capitalism and imperialism were the Social-Democrats of Europe. Rudolph Hilferd-ing, leading theoretician of German Social-Democracy, said at the Kiel 1927 convention of that party, "We are in a period of capitalism which in the main has overcome the era of free competition and the sway of the blind forces of the market and we are coming to a capitalist organized economy." Karl Kautsky also supported this line. The Social-Democrats outdid each other in praise of the new American mass production and intensified class collaboration, and they sought eagerly to introduce these things into their own countries. In the United States, so they believed, all their Bernsteinian dreams of capitalism turning into "socialism" were coming true.
The upper officials of the A.F. of L. and the Railroad Brotherhoods fell right in with this campaign of ideologically poisoning the working class, even as they had fully accepted the speed-up program which was the basis for the great flood of capitalist demagogy about everlasting "prosperity." William Green, an apt pupil of Gompers, arch-reactionary and labor sponsor of capitalism, took the lead in pledging loyalty to the capitalist system and in excoriating everything radical or revolutionary. H. V. Boswell, head of the Locomotive Engineers Bank of New York, also expressed the current bureaucratic opinion when he said: "Who wants to be a bolshevik when he can be a capitalist instead? We have shown how to mix oil and water; how to reconcile capital and labor. Instead of standing on a street corner soapbox, screaming with rage because the capitalists own real estate, bank accounts, and automobiles, the engineer has turned in and become a capitalist himself." 5
To carry out their new speed-up, get-rich-quick orientation, the labor bureaucrats, upon Carver's suggestion, worked out what they grandiloquently called "the higher strategy of labor." Matthew Woll, in Iron Age, thus expressed his idea of this newfangled term: "In its early struggles labor sought to retard, to limit, to embarrass production to obtain that which it desired. Now it seeks the confidence that it is a preserver and developer of an economic, industrial, and social order in which workers, employers, and the public may all benefit." And Warren S. Stone, "progressive" president of the Locomotive Engineers, explained it thus: "Organized labor in the United States has gone through three cycles. . . . The first was the period during which class consciousness was being aroused. . . . The second was the defensive struggle for the principle of collective bargaining. . . . The third cycle or phase lies in constructive development toward a system of co-operation rather than war." 6
The plain English of all this blather was that the "new wage policy" and "the higher strategy of labor" amounted to a speed-up, no-strike policy. That is, the workers were to produce to the limit and then trust to the "intelligent" capitalists to reward them adequately in friendly conferences with the union leaders. Consequently, the number of strikes and strikers toboganned. In 1932 the total number of strikers was 1,612,562, but by 1929 this had fallen to only 230,463. 7 The workers' living and working standards suffered accordingly.
Along with Wall Street's no-strike policy, dolled up as "the higher strategy of labor," the top labor leadership also accepted the current bourgeois propaganda about the tremendous savings of the workers, and they plunged into business in a big way. During the early twenties they set up a whole maze of labor banks, insurance companies, investment concerns, and the like, more than one of which operated upon a non-union basis. This was "trade union capitalism," as Communists called it. The unions went in especially for labor banking. The international union or important central labor body that did not support labor banking was considered very much behind the times. All told, at the height of this craze, in 1925, there were 36 labor banks, with total resources of $126,356,944. Outstanding leaders in this banking movement were the Locomotive Engineers and the Amalgamated Clothing Workers.
The top leadership of the American Federation of Labor and the Railroad Brotherhoods, ever since the 1890's, had been noted for its corruption by capitalist influences, its almost total lack of working class integrity. The characteristic A.F. of L. leader of the period (with many honorable exceptions, of course) was one who was devoted to the perpetuation of capitalism, was an inveterate enemy of all radicalism, and looked upon trade union leadership as an easy way of making a good living. Top jobs in the unions were rich sinecures, to be grabbed and held by any means possible. Such posts, among their numerous financial advantages for their holders, provided many opportunities for union leaders to milk employers who wanted guarantees against strikes, and also opportunities for these leaders to develop remunerative alliances with the Republican and Democratic parties. The welfare of the workers who made up the unions was a matter of but secondary consideration. The marvel was how the labor movement could exist at all, much less make real progress, with such a corrupt top leadership.
During World War I, the post-war offensive, and the Coolidge "prosperity" period, the corrupting capitalist influences upon the labor bureaucracy were particularly strong, and the leaders' morale sank visibly under the pressure. Many of the officials became rich from the plentiful sources of graft open to them. John Mitchell, former president of the United Mine Workers and first Vice-President of the A.F. of L., was a characteristic figure, a real capitalist.
When he died in 1919 his wealth totaled $244,295, including investments in many capitalist concerns—coal mines, Armour & Co., the B. & O., the New York Central, the Rock Island—all companies that were noted for their labor-crushing activities. George L. Berry, head of the Printing Pressmen and long an honored figure in the A.F. of L. hierarchy, acquired a million dollars or more by his various brands of skulduggery. There were many like him in the various unions. Dozens of labor leaders were taken over by the capitalists and used as "personnel directors"—as strike-preventers—in their industries.
Corruption was most rampant in the building trades, which formed the backbone of the A.F. of L. during these times. There real gangsterism prevailed. Many building trades leaders sold "strike insurance" freely to the employers and robbed their membership by every known device. Numbers of them also were directly tied up with the underworld during the period of prohibition. They ruled the unions by force and, fighting for control, they periodically carried on murderous gun battles with each other. A star product of this Gompers unionism was Robert P. Brindell of New York, who was credited with amassing a million dollars in the two years before he was exposed by the Lockwood Committee in 1920. Another was Simon O'Donnell, wartime head of the Building Trades Council of Chicago, who was given a spectacular funeral, gangster fashion, with a $10,000 coffin, when he died in 1927. Still another was the notorious "Big Tim" Murphy, also of the Chicago Building Trades. Murphy, who was finally killed in a gangster war, expressed the characteristic A.F. of L. philosophy of labor leadership as follows: "I'm still pretty much of a kid, but I made a millon and spent a million, and I figure I'll make another million before they plant me." 8
The bosses cultivated this corrupt type of leadership, even though occasionally, to discredit the unions, they would send one or two crooked union officials to jail after a spectacular trial. As for the A.F. of L. Executive Council, it did precisely nothing to eliminate the gangsterism and corruption. On the contrary, the Mitchells, Berrys, Brindells, O'Don-nells, and many more of the like were for decades dominant figures in the A.F. of L. Some of them enjoyed honored seats in the Executive Council itself, and generally they crowded the A.F. of L. conventions, voting down all "red" proposals. This was the kind of labor leadership that so ruthlessly rejected amalgamation, a labor party, and Soviet recognition at the 1923 convention of the A.F. of L., even though the bulk of the organized workers had demanded these policies. It was such labor leaders, too, who were ardent supporters of the Gompers clique in office, and defenders of the "new wage policy," "the higher strategy of labor," "trade union capitalism," and militant struggle against the left wing, during the Coolidge boom period of 1923-1929.
The intensified class collaboration carried on by the conservative upper leadership of the trade unions during the Coolidge period had a number of very harmful effects upon the workers and their unions. For one thing, the acceptance and propagation by the union leaders of prosperity illusions, put out by the employers, were demoralizing ideologically to the workers. Especially confusing was the boundless flood of propaganda to the effect that economic crises were now a thing of the past in the United States. It left the workers quite unprepared for the economic holocaust that struck in October 1929. The top trade union leaders, deceived by their own propaganda, were even less ready for the great economic breakdown than the workers themselves when it finally came.
The bosses' speed-up program, popularized among the workers by the trade union leaders under the name of the "new wage policy" and "the higher strategy of labor," also operated to the detriment of the working and living standards of the workers. This no-strike policy took all the fight out of the unions. Never in the life of the modern American labor movement was its morale so low as during the Coolidge period of intensified class collaboration. Taking advantage of the cultivated inertia of the unions, the employers naturally grabbed unto themselves all the advantages of the increased production which they were able to wring from the workers under the very convenient plan of union-management co-operation.
There was also a general worsening of conditions in the shops during this period. With the class vigilance of the unions weakened by the pest of class collaboration, the bosses were able, under the sacred sign of industrial efficiency, to strip the workers of many hard-won labor conditions. In a period of industrial activity, when the workers possessed a maximum of latent power with which to improve their wage rates, the employers kept wages down. From 1923 to 1929, although output in industry increased no less than 29 percent per worker and profits doubled and tripled, the workers' wages advanced little, if at all. Wage increases, coming mostly from overtime work, went mainly to the skilled workers, with the wage conditions of the masses of semi-skilled and unskilled either stagnant or declining. The top union officials, now blossoming forth as bankers and industrialists, had little time to waste upon such minor matters as protecting the workers' standards.
The class collaboration policies of the union leaders also had deleterious effects upon the growth of the unions. The Coolidge boom years, although accompanied by considerable unemployment, constituted a period of high industrial activity that should have provided a big increase in union membership. But the unions actually declined numerically during these years. Thus in 1922 the A.F. of L. had 3,195,635 members, whereas in 1929, after several years' dose of "union-management co-operation," the number had fallen to 2,933,545, a l°ss °f 262,090 members. Actually the loss was much greater, as many unions, despite membership decreases, continued for internal political reasons to pay their earlier, top-figure per capita tax to the A.F. of L. For example, in 1928 the U.M.W.A. paid on 400,000 members, as in 1920, but in the meantime it had lost about 200,000 dues-paying members. The 1923-29 period was the first time in labor history that the trade unions failed to grow substantially during a long period of "prosperity."
To make the "new capitalism" policies still more bankrupt, the union leaders made ducks and drakes of the millions of dollars that the workers had so trustingly placed in their hands through the many labor banks and other financial and industrial concerns organized during the epidemic of "trade union capitalism." The whole shaky structure soon collapsed, with losses to the workers of huge sums of money. This financial debacle was brought about by wild speculations in Florida, and by general recklessness and incompetence. Speaking of the breakdown of the Locomotive Engineers' big string of banks, Perlman and Taft say, "On the larger issue of redirecting capitalism the movement for labor banks, as shown by the engineers' fiasco, was little more rational than the children's crusade against the Saracens." 9 The number of labor banks fell off rapidly, in the midst of the growing scandal. By 1932 their number was reduced to seven, and now there are only four of them left. This was the unhappy ending of Professor Carver's scheme for the workers to buy out capitalism—as executed by the capitalist-minded reactionaries heading the A.F. of L. and Railroad Brotherhoods.
1 James S. Allen, World Monopoly and Peace, p. 120, N. Y., 1946.
2 F. Sternberg, The Coming Crisis, p. 119, N. Y., 1947.
3 Lorwin, The American Federation of Labor, p. 246.
4. T. N. Carver, The Present Economic Revolution in the United States, pp. 9, 94, 124, Boston, 1925.
5 Cited in Bimba, History of the American Working Class, p. 347.
6 Cited in World's Work, Nov. 1924.
7 American Labor Year Book, 1929, p. 135.
8 William Z. Foster, Misleaders of Labor, Chicago, 1927.
9 Perlman and Taft, History of Labor in the U.S., Vol. 4, p. 578.
Chapter 18
Chapter 18


text:
March 10th, 2010
By nature, I am an introvert, so I tend to keep a few friends close, and tend to find long distances challenging. I am working on this, though I imagine it used to be easier for people to make friends and stay in touch with one another, since historically people tended to live in one place for longer, many times being born, raised, and carrying on the next generation within the same few square miles of their own birth place. Life was also less convenient. Washing and drying clothes, growing and preparing food, and supplying one's household with basic necessities all required some degree of working outdoors, and invited interaction with one's neighbors. Life demanded more direct human interchanges than is often required present day, which in turn, created rich, interdependent local communities. You needed your neighbors, and they needed you, and over time, friendships were cultivated.
Though perhaps requiring more conscientious efforts, these sorts of relationships surely live on in the present day, going beyond more casual definitions of friendship in dedication and tolerance, and ultimately still forming the foundations of thriving modern families, communities, and cultures. Friends of this sort do special things things for one another.
Things like throwing one another baby showers, giving up whole Saturdays to help each other replace defunct 1980s water heaters, helping lay new hardwood floors over quite acceptable old hardwood floors, saving a friend from woeful design errors and painting bathrooms in the corrected shade for the friend, ordering perfectly cut custom glass shelves for a friend's bathroom and driving them over at 11:00 p.m. on a work night so there will be a spot for towels and toiletries for an impending parental arrival the next day, helping with wiring until past midnight, and other special things like making each other homemade birthday cakes.
My husband and I first met Sheila and John in 2007 when I completed my graduate internship at Sheila's counseling practice, and since that time they have become dear friends. Life is busy, and there are times we do not see each other for several weeks at a time before one set or the other of us will forge the 30 minute drive separating our homes, and remember why we should never let such time spans pass again.
The men do what Sheila and I have come to term "work exchanges". Jon will come over to our house and help Brian, my husband, with some project, such as cutting and putting up a stairwell banister, or installing accent lights throughout our kitchen, and I will cook dinner for everyone (Indian, Italian and all things dark chocolate are always favorites) and Sheila and I will watch chic flicks late into the night, with the men sometimes pausing to join us for a show, and always stopping for food.
We do the same thing at Sheila's home. She will cook some gorgeous, elaborate meal and dessert (I have come to learn she is incapable of doing it any other way) and we will sit tending to my little boy and leafing through cookbooks and design magazines while the guys hammer away on some project talking nanotechnology or some other foreign language. I love these days.
For Jon's birthday this year, Sheila decided we should all go out for Thai and then back to her house for dessert, so I offered to try another yellow cake recipe (which I secretly eagerly volunteered for since I had just bought new cake pans – I get excited about this sort of thing). I say "another", because since I've been thinking about being a better friend over the past several months, I have started making a conscious effort to make birthday cakes more often for people. It is a small gesture, but since I love to bake, it simply fits for me to fill this role, which brings me back to my hunt for my own personal religious yellow cake recipe. I have tried at least five recipes over the past year, with many turning out dry, or too eggy, or even almost a bit like sweet cornbread – all in all, just not what I have been looking for in a classic yellow cake.
But this one turned out just right. It is moist with a tender and delicate crumb, tastes deeply of butter, is beautifully hued from the four eggs, and is not overly sweet. Just about any favorite frosting would pair nicely with this cake. I chose a chocolate cream frosting, using Guittard 61% cocoa disks, which turned out to essentially be an incredibly smooth and luscious ganache – think heavenly, moist, butter laden yellow cake covered by the insides of a decadent chocolate truffle, and that's what you've got here.
In other news, I am starting to read novels again, which I haven't done since my son was born and since finishing the last Harry Potter book. I have begun with The Keys of the Kingdom by A.J. Cronin because my brother recommended it and because it was on the top of my book pile. I'll let you know how it goes. My favorite quote so far:
Yellow layer butter cake
adapted from American Classics by the editor's of Cook's Illustrated
4 large eggs, room temperature
1/2 cup whole milk, room temperature
2 teaspoons vanilla extract
2 1/4 cups sifted (6 3/4 ounces) plain cake flour
1 1/2 cups (10 1/2 ounces) sugar
2 teaspoons aluminum free baking powder
3/4 teaspoon sea salt or kosher salt
1/2 pound (2 sticks) unsalted organic butter, softened, each stick cut into 8 pieces
Adjust an oven rack to the lower middle position and heat the oven to 350 degrees. Grease two 9 inch cake pans with vegetable shortening (I use a natural oil spray) and cover the pan bottoms with rounds of parchment paper or wax paper. Grease the parchment rounds and dust the cake pans with flour, tapping out the excess.
Beat the eggs, milk, and vanilla with a fork in a small bowl; measure out 1 cup of this mixture and set aside. Combine the flour, sugar, baking powder, and salt in the bowl of a standing mixer fitted with the paddle attachment; mix on the lowest speed to blend, about 30 seconds. With the mixer still running at the lowest speed, add the butter one piece at a time; mix until the butter and flour begin to clump together and look sandy and pebbly, with pieces about the size of peas, 30 to 40 seconds after all the butter is added. Add reserved 1 cup of egg mixture and mix at the lowest speed until incorporated, 5 to 10 seconds. Increase the speed to medium-high and beat until light and fluffy, about 1 minute. Add the remaining egg mixture (about 1/2 cup) in a slow steady stream, about 30 seconds. Stop the mixer and scrape the sides and bottom of the bowl. Beat on medium-high until thoroughly combined and the batter looks slightly curdled, about 15 seconds.
Divide the batter equally between the prepared cake pans; spread to the sides of the pan and smooth with a rubber spatula. Bake until the cake tops are light gold and a toothpick or skewer comes out clean, 20 to 25 minutes. (Cakes may mound slightly but will level when cooled.) Cool on a rack for 10 minutes. Run a knife around the pan perimeters to loosen. Invert one cake onto a large plate, peel off the parchment, and reinvert onto a lightly greased rack. Repeat with the other cake. Cool completely before icing. Store iced cake in the refrigerator, but bring to room temperature before serving (bringing to room temperature took about four to five hours for my cake).
Guittard ganache frosting (Chocolate Cream Frosting)
adapted from American Classics by the editor's of Cook's Illustrated
16 ounces 61% or 70% Guittard bittersweet chocolate, or other bittersweet chocolate, chopped fine*
1 1/2 cups heavy organic cream
1/3 cup light corn syrup*
1 teaspoon vanilla extract
Place the chocolate in a heatproof bowl. Bring the heavy cream to a boil in a small saucepan over medium-high heat; pour over the chocolate. Add the corn syrup and let stand 3 minutes. Whisk gently until smooth; stir in the vanilla. Refrigerate 1 to 1 1/2 hours, stirring every 15 minutes, until the mixture reaches a spreadable consistency (mine got a bit hard, so I microwaved it for a very few seconds and it was perfect. Also, if you heat cake with this frosting on it, the frosting will almost immediately turn to fudge sauce – delicious fudge sauce, but not icing anymore)
* I used 61% Guittard, but would likely go even darker next time around. This had a very smooth, rich chocolate flavor, but if you love dark chocolate, like me, you could go darker. This recipe makes a large amount of frosting and it is rich, so next time I might use 3/4 of the icing for the cake and save the rest to heat up as a sauce to serve over ice cream alongside.
* The corn syrup makes the icing smooth and spreadable, I would not substitute another ingredient.
Tags: all natural, America's Test Kitchen, butter cake, Cake, chocolate, cook's illustrated, Dessert, frosting, ganache, ganache frosting, Guittard, Guittard frosting, layer cake, yellow layer cake
Posted in Dessert | 35 Comments »
Warning! The cake is very addictive. I could not stop eating the cake. I had planned to freeze half the cake and ended up eating it before the week was out, with the help of my husband Jon of course. The frosting is a dessert in itself. Do buy good chocolate; it makes a difference. The texture pairing of the moist cake and heavy chocolate is perfect without ice cream. I had one piece with ice cream and one without and actually preferred it solo. Please make this cake. Everyone deserves a little heaven on this earth. sheila
I loved reading this. Friends they are so important. Keep them close. Nice cake.
That looks delicious! And the pictures with flowers around it are beautiful.
My stomach just started rumbling at an intense speed! this sounds absolutey incredible. i must admite i am not always a big cake fan, but the idea of a butter cake…well everything is better when "butter" is in the title. amazing photos too!!
This looks like a wonderfully tasty, classic cake. It was very sweet of you to make this.
La, I am going to fix this and compare it to my old, classic standby. For some reason, I think this will win hands down, certainly with that icing. Some people prefer chocolate icing and some butter icing on a yellow cake, but after seeing this, I can't imagine using anything else but chocolate! Beautiful photos, and a wonderful time with good friends. I had a girlfriend that brought chic flicks over, and one time while we were watching, she got a spot of super glue on my leather couch applying her fake nails. Remember that? I never got upset about this, because she was such a good friend; it still reminds me of her now, years after having moved away. Enjoy your friends!
I am going to make this cake tomorrow. It reminds me so much of a cake my nanna made. One thing, am I the only one having a very time reading the extremely light print in your blog…othrwise, I love it!
Hmm, now the text just turned a much easier to read black color. I'm happy )
Laura your pictures are really wonderful. I love the composition of the photos very much — with the ying yang effect of the vanilla and milk and eggs along with the first picture of the DELICIOUS cake and the placement of the flowers — duuuur this cake makes me drool and I would probably devour it in the most un-lady like manner aka bury my face in it. (Don't judge me !)Very very nice my eyes are in love!
I think I'm drooling over the cake stand in that top photo as much as I am over the cake! Where did you find it?
I've been looking for a moist, yellow cake. I'll have to give this one a try. Thanks for posting!
'heavenly, moist, butter laden yellow cake covered by the insides of a decadent chocolate truffle…'
SOLD! what a divine creation, and that's all there is to it.
Laura, this cake was a perfect late-night "virtual" snack. It reminded me of the delicious cake you made for my bridal shower. Making a cake for someone really is a sweet gesture of friendship. I'm glad to hear you are reading again
What a lovely blog! I love the photos through every step of this cake and I can imagine how divine the cake would be. Your friends must cherish you!
Oh my gosh – this cake is something! It is something I'll be making this week!
Thanks for the great recipe! I made it yesterday, it's really good! I used 65% cocoa, and I think I'll try a smaller percentage next time because the frosting was RICH!!!!
Just browsing for chocolate frosting recipes and found your post. Lovely photos, and mouth-watering cake. I can't wait to try this recipe. Thanks for sharing !! I plan to read more of your recipes.
What a fun surprise. It's great to see that you are enjoying your cake plate. Your cakes look delicious, and you have an entertaining blog!
Your particular plate selected by your mom comes in various sizes. If you are ever interested, I also have tiered cake plates as well as candelabra to match in my Meadart line of plates and candelabra (various colors).
In addition to the Meadart line, view my glass sculpture on display in the BENDER gallery in Asheville, NC. Here is a link:
All the best,
Fred Mead

subset: commoncrawl


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Fal River
Fal River can now help you plan fun and educational days out for schools and families.
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Fal River can now help you plan fun and educational days out for schools and families.
Explore these pages to download creative project ideas, shore-side activities and information about organised workshops, outings and events.
Whether you are a parent or teacher, the activities below can be downloaded and printed out, providing some fun marine themed ideas to keep children busy and inspiried throughout the school holidays.
Animal Puppets
Downloadable instruction sheets for making 3 marine animal puppets:
Environmental Awareness
Sensory activities to encourage kids to take a broader look at the seashore and what's around them.
Download "Getting In Touch" activity sheet
(Adobe Acrobat, 23Kb)
Feeding & Food Webs
Activities to explain how different animals have different methods of feeding and are all interlinked in the ecosystem.
Download "Feeding and Food Webs" activity sheet
(Adobe Acrobat, 25Kb)
Activties exploring the different places animals live.
Download "Habitats" activity sheet
(Adobe Acrobat, 26Kb)
Identification & Classification
Games for getting children to think about the characteristics used to identify sea creatures.
Download "Identification & Classification" activity sheet
(Adobe Acrobat, 43Kb)
People & The Sea
Activities to think about conservation and environmental management of the seas.
Download "People & the Sea" activity sheet
(Adobe Acrobat, 26Kb)
Tide Times
Short activities covering the tidal cycle.
Download "Tide Times" activity sheet
(Adobe Acrobat, 43Kb)
Download tide quiz sheet
(Adobe Acrobat, 16Kb)
The Seashore Code
Information on shore side saftey.
Download "The Seashore Code" information sheet
(Adobe Acrobat, 26Kb)
The National Maritime Museum
The National Maritime Museum hosts a range of family activities and workshops.
View current workshops and activities
Ten Things
Ten things you can do to help care for the marine environment.
Download "Ten Things!" action sheet
(Adobe Acrobat, 360Kb)
Make sure you find out as much as you can about where you intend to visit before planning the trip. You will need to know practicalities such as where to park, toilet facilities, nearest phone etc as well as what habitats and wildlife are available to study.
Download school visit advice sheet
(Adobe Acrobat, 292Kb)
CWT offer a variety of different themed sessions, including ones specifically designed to complement the Sense of Place units of work on "Cornish Seashore" and "Our Cornish Rivers". All are linked to the National Curriculum at both Key Stages 1 & 2, and subject areas covered include English, Science, Geography and Citizenship.
Download more information
(Adobe Acrobat, 304Kb)
Fal River Links have been working with Sense of Place, Cornwall Wildlife Trust, HSB and other partners to develop new inspirational ways of bringing our distinctive and special Cornish rivers and seas to life in the classroom. We have developed different materials for you to use and enjoy in school, as well as resource packs and links to places to go and people to talk to.
Download more information
(Adobe Acrobat, 298Kb)
The National Maritime Museum offers a choice of National Curriculum workshops for Key Stage 1, Key Stage 2, and Post 14, devised in partnership with schools and led by trained members of museum staff.
The Fal estuary is one of the finest marine wildlife sites in Europe.
The area has long been recognised for its scenic beauty but its wildlife is just as important. A rich diversity of plant and animal life thrives in the surrounding river, mudflats, creeks and open sea.
Download "Fal Estuary Wildlife" information sheet
(Adobe Acrobat, 292Kb)
The CDROM contains information on the biology, geography, historical and present day use, conservation and management issues relating to the estuary, as well as field identification keys for the most common species found on the Helford, and links to other sources of information and resources.
Download more information
(Adobe Acrobat, 300Kb)
The National Maritime Museum hosts a range of lectures, dinners and also houses a comprehensive research library staffed by volunteers.
The Royal Institution of Cornwall was established in 1818 and is now housed at the Royal Cornwall Library in Truro - housing over 150,000 items about Cornwall's past.


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This Couple Arguing Over Their Feelings Is A Hilarious Take On Relationships
"Don't try to fix it. I just need you to listen."
It's a popular phrase, often spit out during arguments between significant others. But this time it's a little different.
Short film writer and director Jason Headley has a pretty ironic take on the miscommunication that happens from time to time in every relationship. You can check it out below.
Since going viral in 2013, Headley's film has amassed more than nine million views on YouTube. The video has also received some negative comments and criticism about how it might reinforce harmful gender stereotypes.
If there's anything to be learned from the film, it's that it's always good to take a closer look at our own relationships and make sure we're doing our half communication-wise, regardless of gender.
Like this post? Click the share buttons below!


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In a day of high drama at an economic summit meeting, American, British and French officials declassified some of their most closely held intelligence and scrambled to describe a multiyear Iranian effort, tracked by spies on the ground and satellites above, to build a secret uranium enrichment plant deep inside a mountain.
The new plant, which
But the finding so cemented a sense of what Prime Minister
Mr. Obama's aides and a
Late Friday afternoon, preparing to return to Washington, Mr. Obama issued a stark warning about the nuclear negotiations that are to begin next week, the first direct talks between the two countries in 30 years.Continue reading the main story
"Iran is on notice that when we meet with them on Oct. 1 they are going to have to come clean and they will have to make a choice," he said. The alternative to giving up their program, he warned, is to "continue down a path that is going to lead to confrontation."
It seemed unlikely that by "confrontation" Mr. Obama meant military action. While the president said that option was still on the table, Secretary of Defense
Mr. Obama said he had withheld making the intelligence public for months because it "is very important in these kind of high-stakes situations to make sure the intelligence is right"— a clear allusion to former President
By today the Iranians were aggressively arguing that the plant was a "semi-industrial fuel enrichment facility" and that they had voluntarily made its existence public. President
"We have no fears," he said. "What we did was completely legal. The agency will come and take a look and produce a report and it is nothing new." He added: "What business is it of yours to tell us what to do or not?"
But to the West, there was a sense that Iran had stumbled. "They have cheated three times," one senior administration official said of the Iranians. "And they have now been caught three times." The official was referring to information unearthed by an Iranian dissident group that led to the discovery of the underground plant at Natanz in 2002, and evidence developed two years ago — after Iran's computer networks were infiltrated by American intelligence agencies — that the country had sought to design a nuclear warhead. American officials believe that effort was halted in late 2003.
Mr. Obama said the secret plant "represents a direct challenge to the basic foundation of the nonproliferation regime." President
By all indications, that line will be drawn Thursday, when the members of the
For years, American intelligence agencies have been searching Iran for evidence of the kind of plant that Iran was accused on Friday of building: an enrichment unit big enough to make enough material for one bomb a year, but small enough to hide. At its much larger enrichment complex at Natanz, the country already has produced enough low-enriched fuel to build one or two weapons, though it would need to be further enriched to weapons-grade material.
But diverting any of the fuel produced at Natanz for weapons would be difficult: International inspectors would almost certainly detect a diversion, and throwing those inspectors out of the country — as
"They needed another place to enrich, and we were looking for it," one of Mr. Obama's top advisers said Thursday evening. "And this time, we found it."
Senior administration officials said their break came this spring. They saw equipment being placed into the underground plant, which they said was evidence that Iran was planning to build a secret complex filled with 3,000 centrifuges — old, slow but reliable centrifuges, called "P-1" because of their Pakistani heritage.
A senior intelligence official said Friday that Western spy agencies had "excellent access" to the site, suggesting human spies had penetrated it. The official said that "multiple independent sources" had confirmed that it was intended for nuclear use. The intelligence official and other officials declined to be named because they were discussing intelligence matters.
The plant's size, secrecy and location on a Revolutionary Guards base all point to a covert plant for making weapon fuel, analysts said Friday. They called it too small for any commercial use, but a good size for the much easier task of making bomb fuel.
By contrast, Iran's sprawling enrichment plant in the desert at Natanz currently houses more than 8,000 centrifuges and is designed to hold at least 54,000 of the spinning machines. The plant's underground bunkers, ringed by barbed wire and antiaircraft guns, are roughly half the size of the Pentagon.
Iran says Natanz is meant to produce the large volumes of low-enriched fuel that are needed for commercial nuclear reactors and making electricity.
While a large reactor needs tons of uranium fuel, a small nuclear bomb, by the most conservative estimates, requires just 55 pounds of highly enriched uranium. That big difference helps explain the inherent menace of a small enrichment plant.Continue reading the main story


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That first version of the book focused mainly on the challenges of "modernism," that scientific, rationalistic materialism that leaves no room for any kind of supernatural worldview. Though this way of thinking remains, the paradigms have now shifted, and we are in a "postmodern" climate, in which truth is seen to be not objective at all, not a discovery but a construction. Truth, it is claimed, is relative, culturally-conditioned, a function of the will, and ultimately unknowable.
Christians should use and develop their minds. The mental faculties of the human mind—the power to think, to discover, to wonder, and to imagine—are precious gifts of God. The Christian who pursues knowledge, seeks education, and explores even the most "secular" subjects is fulfilling a Christian vocation that is pleasing to God and of great importance to the Church. The Bible, by precept and example, affirms this and opens up the whole realm of human knowledge to the Christian.
Veith, Gene Edward (2003-10-07). Loving God with All Your Mind: Thinking as a Christian in a Postmodern World (pp. 7-8,11). Good News Publishers. Kindle Edition.


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Since the creation of the Sociedad Latinoamericana de Especialistas en Mamíferos Acuáticos (SOLAMAC) in 1994-1996 there had been discussion about the need for a scientific journal where members of the Society could publish their academic work. However, it was not until 2000 that LAJAM was formally founded following the momentum created by the "IV Workshop for the Coordination of Research and Conservation of Franciscana in the Southwest Atlantic," held in November of that year in Porto Alegre, Brazil. At that workshop Salvatore Siciliano revived the idea of the creation of a journal as an outlet for the publication of the proceedings of the meeting. The journal was to be based in of Rio de Janeiro where Salvatore could oversee its creation and Eduardo Secchi would serve as Guest Editor. Thus, in 2002 the "Special Issue on the Biology and Conservation of Franciscana, including the Report of the Fourth Workshop for the Coordinated Research and Conservation of the Franciscana Dolphin (Pontoporia blainvillei) in the Western South Atlantic" was published as Vol. 1, No. 1.
The publication was well received by SOLAMAC members and it was agreed that Salvatore would become the Managing Editor and that Eduardo would stay on as Editor-in-Chief, with the support of a diverse Editorial Board. The production costs were to be financed by Yaqu Pacha (Germany), with additional support from Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Brazil).
In 2004, at the 5th SOLAMAC Congress in Quito, Ecuador, it was agreed that LAJAM would be jointly published by SOLAMAC and SOMEMMA (Sociedad Mexicana de Mastozoología Marina). At this meeting Nélio Barros became co-Editor-in-Chief and in 2008 he took over as Editor-in-Chief until his death in early 2010. Daniel Palacios has been serving as Editor-in-Chief since then.
In 2011 LAJAM ceased its print version and became an online-only publication, using PKP's Open Journal Systems. To this end, LAJAM acquired an online ISSN (through IBICT, the Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia) and a DOI prefix (through CrossRef). As the online journal becomes established in the next two years, LAJAM will seek coverage in indexing services as well as in the Directory of Open Access Journals and in the Science Citation Index, which will provide LAJAM with an Impact Factor.
About Our Logo
The franciscana (Pontoporia blainvillei) is a small dolphin endemic to coastal Atlantic waters of southeastern South America. The species is of particular conservation concern because of its restricted distribution and vulnerability to incidental capture in fishing gear. Our logo is a stylized drawing of franciscana, an emblematic species embodying the conservation issues of many Latin American aquatic mammals. This image graced the cover of the first published issue of LAJAM in 2002, a special on the biology and conservation of franciscana.
About Our Banner
A fast-moving school of short-beaked common dolphins (Delphinus delphis) off the Galápagos Islands, Ecuador, April 2000. Although they normally avoid approaching vessels, short-beaked common dolphins are one of the most abundant cetaceans in Galápagos waters. Photo credit: Daniel M. Palacios.


text: Dale Curtis / Monday, June 04, 2018 / Categories: Press Release, FCC News, WISPA President WISPA WELCOMES NOMINATION OF GEOFFREY STARKS TO SERVE ON THE FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION PRESS RELEASE Washington, DC – The following statement may be attributed to Claude Aiken, president of the Wireless Internet Service Providers Association (www.WISPA.org): On behalf of thousands of fixed wireless broadband providers serving more than 4 million customers across America, the Wireless Internet Service Providers Association (WISPA) welcomes the nomination of Geoffrey Starks to serve as a member of the Federal Communications Commission (FCC). I had the privilege of working with Geoffrey during my time at the FCC, and I can vouch for his intelligence, openness, fairness, common sense, and integrity. All of us at WISPA look forward to working with him to leverage the unique advantages of fixed wireless technology to close the digital divide in rural America and promote competition and innovation for the benefit of consumers everywhere. Media Inquiries: Breyana Franklin, mailto:email@example.com, 202-495-3700 About WISPA WISPA is a membership-driven trade association that promotes the development and advancement of the fixed wireless Internet service provider industry. WISPA has over 800 members that support WISPA's advocacy, education and other collaborative industry initiatives. For more information, visit www.wispa.org. Previous Article Claude Aiken will be joining Dennis Burgess to discuss WISPA Next Article WISPA Praises Introduction of the Spectrum Now Act Print 4964 Rate this article: 5.0 Dale CurtisDale Curtis Other posts by Dale Curtis Contact author Please login or register to post comments.


text:
Saneholtz-McKarns, Inc.
*****Site is under construction*****
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Servicing all
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all following pages are the property of Six Seven Designs and
Saneholtz-McKarns. You can visit us on the web at http://www.sixseven.us or email the
webmaster at email@example.com


text: On 2008-02-11 21:01, Peter Rosa <prosa at pro.sk> wrote: > Hi, > > there is an error in the handbook, section 22.214.171.124 An Example NAT and > Stateful Ruleset. > > On the bottom are two examples, 1st with command: > $cmd 420 allow tcp from any to me 80 in via $pif setup limit src-addr 1 > > and second with command > $cmd 370 allow tcp from any to me 80 in via $pif setup limit src-addr 2 > > Both commands should look ".... in via $pif setup keep-state limit ...." This is probably true. Can you file a `problem report', so this isn't get lost in the noise of mailing lists? If not, I can do it and take care of checking the section, fixing the text, and getting it committed. Thank you for carefully reading the text, and most of all for taking the time to report this. Giorgos


text:
Harbhajan Singh is close to agreeing a deal with Essex to play the latter part of the English county season, ESPNcricinfo understands. The move will not include the Friends Life t20 due to contractual issues with the BCCI but he is set to be available once the County Championship resumes.
If the deal is completed Essex will be Harbhajan's second county after previous spells with Surrey where he collected 57 first-class wickets at 21.10 across two separate stints in 2005 and 2007. Harbhajan has been out of favour with the India selectors since being injured on last year's tour to England and has been replaced in the spin department by R Ashwin and Pragyan Ojha.
Essex have had a difficult time trying to retain overseas signings and recently lost the services of Shakib Al Hasan, the former Bangladesh captain, who had been due to be available for all formats including the FLt20 before the Bangladesh Cricket Board declined to give him a No Objection Certificate. Peter Siddle, the Australia fast bowler, had also been due to play for them but that fell through after he returned home from the West Indies injured.
Essex are currently seventh in Division Two of the County Championship and Harbhajan would bolster a spin attack that is currently in the hands of Tim Phillips, a left-armer, 22-year-old legspinner Tom Craddock and offspin from Greg Smith.


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Who Else Wants To
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From the desks of Dan Blackburn & Phil Rogers
Unless you just started marketing on the Internet yesterday, you will know what a "squeeze page" is. It's another name for a lead capture page. A page on your website that "squeezes" a lead out of your visitors. Usually this is done by requiring them to subscribe to your list in order to gain access to the information that they want.
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Thou shalt also consider in thine heart, that, as a man chasteneth his son, so the LORD thy God chasteneth thee. - Deuteronomy 8:5
Have mercy upon me, O God, according to thy lovingkindness: according unto the multitude of thy tender mercies blot out my transgressions. - Psalms 51:1Read More
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HEALTH NOTES p10
• Slade, T et al (2016) Birth cohort trends in the global epidemiology of alcohol use an alcohol related harms in men and women: systematic review and metaregression. BMJ Open. Published online 24 October 2016. DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-011827
• Small, C L et al (2016) Acute Infectious Gastroenteritis Potentiates a Crohn's Disease Pathobiont to Fuel Ongoing Inflammation in the Post-Infectious Period. PLOS Pathogens, 12 (10): e1005907 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1005907 l Smith, A D et al (2016) Physical activity and incident type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Diabetologia. Published online 17 October 2016. DOI: 10.1007/s00125-016-4079-0
• Reynolds, A N et al (2016) Advice to walk after meals is more effective for lowering postprandial glycaemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus than advice that does not specify timing: a randomised crossover study. Diabetologia. Published online on 17 October 2016. DOI: 10.1007/s00125-016-4085-2


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These classic blueberry muffins are studded with pecans and crowned with an oatmeal-pecan topping.
On a sultry summer afternoon, just before the clouds rolled in and the sirens wailed and that maple tree in our backyard suddenly became our neighbor's, a storm of an entirely different sort was brewing in my kitchen. My wife, who is a significantly better mother than meteorologist, began to bake muffins from scratch as an after-school snack for our kids, entirely unaware that the storm of the decade was advancing like a giant rolling pin from the west. What she was aware of as the wind began to pick up was that some of the ingredients she needed for her most cherished recipe were not on the shelf, while a couple others were irrefutably over the hill.
Apparently, when life hands you tornadoes, you make slightly different muffins. As near as my wife can recall, the muffins that resulted from the "recipe" that follows were awaiting my sopping wet babes when they stumbled through the front door shortly after our house was surrounded by twisters. It's a muffin that is, in equal parts, a mother's tenacious love and a good cook's high-wire resourcefulness. It's not a recipe for the faint of heart. However, not only is it not necessary to follow this recipe to the letter, it would probably be truer to the spirit of the recipe if you didn't. Whether you eat them in brooding darkness by candlelight is entirely up to you.
Step 1. Notice the sideways trees and preheat the oven to 400°F.
Step 2. Process the news that your kids' school is closing early and whisk together 3 cups of flour, which is not quite enough, plus 1/2 cup of wheat flour to make it so. Add 2 teaspoons of baking powder, 1/2 teaspoon of salt, and 1 1/2 cups of finely ground almonds in place of the pecans you don't have that the original recipe is imagining you do.
Step 3. While a 300-year-old oak is crashing into your friend's sunroom, casually crack 3 large eggs into a large bowl and whisk. Slowly add 3/4 cup of sugar and keep whisking until it's a pale yellow color. Like the sky.
Step 4. As something wicked this way comes, whisk in 1 cup of cold milk (or 1/2 cup of milk plus 1/2 cup of yogurt, if that's all you happen to have), and 2 teaspoons of vanilla extract. Stir in 1 stick plus 3 tablespoons of melted butter. Feel the pull of maple syrup and add 2 tablespoons now.
Step 5. Admire how the air-raid sirens can be clearly heard over the wind that's playing your house like a harmonica. Blithely add the dry ingredients to the wet and stir. When nearly mixed, fold in 2 cups of fresh or frozen blueberries.
Step 6. To a vision of groundwater rising in your sump pump, carefully spoon the batter into the well-buttered cups of a muffin tin.
Step 7. By the light of snapping power lines, calmly slide the muffins into the oven.
Step 8. Abruptly notice the time and the raging tempest outside. Put two and two together. Leap into your car to rescue your kids and four of their soaked, screaming friends, all of whom appear as though they've gone through a carwash. If you can arrange it, completely lose power in your house at about this time.
Step 9. Arrive home. Wrap your kids in big bath towels. Light some candles and suddenly remember those muffins that you put in the oven awhile ago.
Step 10. To your utter astonishment, remove 6 inexplicably perfect muffins from the oven. Serve them warm, by candlelight. As the storm passes and you pass around the cold milk or hot tea with honey, by all means, count your blessings.
Blueberry-Pecan Muffins
The above muffin recipe that fought off impending doom—or at least my wife's awareness of impending doom–while also making a tasty snack for our kids was adapted in more ways than one. The original recipe upon which it is based appears in Once Upon a Tart by Frank Mentesana and Jerome Audureau. It makes dense yet delicate blueberry muffins with a crunchy pecan and oat topping, Note that this was the one and only time that Amy actually didn't make the topping. Weather permitting, you should.–Jimmy Schwartz
Blueberry-Pecan Muffins
- Quick Glance
- Makes 8 ginormous or 24 standard muffins
IngredientsEmail Grocery List
- For the pecan topping
- 2 tablespoons granulated sugar
- 2 tablespoons pecans, chopped fine
- 2 tablespoons rolled oats, whole or pulsed in a blender
- For the batter
- 11 tablespoons (1 stick plus 3 tablespoons) unsalted butter, melted and cooled to room temperature; plus more for smearing the muffin tins
- 3 1/2 cups unbleached all-purpose flour
- 1 1/2 cups coarsely ground pecans (they should be finely chopped, like a coarse nut flour; they need to be so small that when you bite into the muffin, you shouldn't know there are nuts in it)
- 2 teaspoons baking powder
- 1/2 teaspoon salt
- 3 large eggs
- 3/4 cup granulated sugar
- 1 cup cold milk
- 2 teaspoons vanilla extract
- 2 to 2 1/2 cups (1 pint plus a handful) fresh blueberries, rinsed and dried
- Prepare the oven and muffin tin
- 1. Position an oven rack in the center of the oven and preheat the oven to 400°F (204°C). Smear 8 big (we mean oversize in a big way) or 24 standard-size muffin pans with butter.
- Make the pecan topping
- 2. Stir all of the topping ingredients together in a small bowl.
- Make the batter
- 3. Whisk the flour, ground pecans, baking powder, and salt together in a medium-size bowl. In a separate, big bowl, whisk the eggs to break up the yolks. Still whisking with one hand, pour in the sugar with the other. Continue to whisk for a few minutes, until the eggs begin to pale in color. Whisk in the milk, vanilla, and melted butter.
- 4. Gradually add the dry ingredients to the wet, stirring gently with a wooden spoon. When there is still a little flour visible, gently stir in the blueberries, taking care not to break them up any more than is inevitable.
- 5. Scoop the batter up with a wooden or metal spoon and, using a rubber spatula, scrape the batter off the spoon into the cups of the muffin tin, filling each almost to the top. Sprinkle the topping evenly over the muffins. You may want to wipe any excess topping off the pan so you won't have to scrub burnt sugar from the tin after baking.
- Bake and cool the muffins
- 6. Bake the muffins for 35 to 40 minutes if making ginormous muffins or about 20 minutes if making standard-size muffins, until a toothpick or a small knife inserted deep into the center of a muffin comes out clean. No matter what size your muffins, they ought to have risen over the edges of the muffin tin and the topping should be golden.
- 7. Remove the tin from the oven and place it on a wire rack. Let the muffins sit in the tin for a few minutes until they're cool enough to touch. Then flip the tin upside down and let the muffins fall out onto the wire rack. Turn them right side up and try to stop at just one.
Recipe Testers Reviews
This made for a perfectly sturdy and not too sweet muffin. That's exactly how I like muffins, so this recipe worked great for me. (I made Amy's version of the muffin.) The addition of ground almonds contributes to a nice crumbly texture, but the blueberries ensure that it's not too dry. The combination of ground almonds and blueberries really works great together, sort of like frangipane and fruit in a nice tart.
These muffins are very delicious and moist for such a dense batter. The pecan flour definitely adds another nutty and sweet dimension, and the pecan topping perfectly balances the tartness of the blueberries. I ground the pecans in the food processor and had some extra which I think will freeze well. I used a standard 12-cup cupcake pan. The batter made 2 dozen muffins and I baked them in 2 batches, each at 400F for 20 minutes. I'm going to freeze one batch and see how that works out. I'm also tempted to freeze the batter.
These muffins are quite dense, very moist, and not very sweet—in other words, perfect! I followed the original recipe exactly, using 1 cup of milk. I used my food processor to grind the pecans; just be careful not to let it go too long or you'll have pecan butter (nothing wrong with that, though!). I wasn't sure that there was enough batter to fill 8 large muffin cups, but there was. The topping adds an extra bit of sweetness and is very easy to put together, so I recommend doing that. Surprisingly, if you didn't know there were nuts in the muffins, you wouldn't be able to tell by the texture. The muffins were excellent fresh and the next day too. I would definitely make this recipe again.
If you make this recipe, snap a photo and hashtag it #LeitesCulinaria. We'd love to see your creations on Instagram, Facebook, and Twitter.


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However if anyone is reading regularly they will know I went to Cambridge in the Summer and completely failed to draw the Organ in Kings College Chapel and then completely failed to draw something else more recently and resolved to practice.
I have been practicing - although not as much as I promised myself - and now I've tidied up my original sketch and am much happier with it I thought I'd post it. The perspective is still slightly off and how much it still resembles King College Chapel I'm not sure, but I do know the lectern is correct. That was the only bit I was pleased with at the time.


text: Your financial contributions, in-kind donations of new and gently used items, and the "priceless" gift of your time all work together to support our WHP client families. With your help, we can break the cycle of homelessness by restoring stability, self-sufficiency, and hope for a brighter future to homeless children and their families. Together, we can make a difference!


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Softinet Professional Services - Testimonials
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We hired David and Softinet to build and maintain our website. They have done an excellent and professional job. David is always available at a minutes notice to help us out if we have a design change, etc.
It's a pleasure to rely on Softinet to handle our web site needs. I don't have to keep up with new trends and technologies personally; Softinet keeps me informed and makes recommendations for changes that can help my business.


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625 New York Avenue Brooklyn, NY 11203 Phone: 718-493-2363 We have a 20,000 sq. ft. Nursery One of Brooklyn's Largest!
Decorative Stones are a great choice when completing a garden project. They are ideal for planter beds, pathways, or tree rings. Pond Pebbles will even help prevent erosion and weed growth.


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A 27-year-old from Kosovo is declared wanted internationaly by Interpol France for extradition.
Behar Kolukaj, resident of Vermic, Kosovo, is arrested in Albania.Kolukaj was arrested at the entrance to Customs Qafë-Morinë, where during the registration in the system, resulted an internationally-wanted citizen, by Interpol France.
The 27-year-old was sentenced in 2015 by the French Court of Savoy for "ArmedTheft" and "unlawful removal of liberty"./Oculus News
27-years-old Albanian arrested after declared wanted by Interpol France Saturday, April 22, 2017 Rating:


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Source: Lauri Laan
Indulge in some of the most remarkable hotels in Estonia. In addition to rich history and heaps of legends, many hotels listed below offer original interiors, restaurants and spas as if made for Instagram. City holiday makers can sleep like merchants in medieval hotels combining ancient with the modern with amazing views of the historical city centre. While nature lovers can receive a dose of luxury in the many manor houses scattered across the countryside.
Ida-Viru maakond, Narva-Jõesuu linn
Noorus SPA Hotel is located in Narva-Jõesuu and is the newest spa hotel in the resort. The spa has modern architecture and 114 rooms, making it a popular holiday destination among dignified guests who want to feel endless youth and satisfaction. Each guest will find suitable services, cosiness, and high quality. The hotel has a Three Apples SPA complex with a fitness center – youth, a water park – health, a VIP-oasis and a wellness centre – beauty. There are also the Romantic Garden Restaurant, a Conference and Event Centre, Bowling, and Billiards.Read more
Pärnu maakond, Pärnu linn
Villa Ammende that was completed in 1905 is one of the best-renovated Art Nouveau hotels in Europe. Villa Ammende offers accommodation to 35 people in 18 rooms. In the Main Building and the Gardener's House, you are going to find luxurious suites and delux rooms with unique interior design and original Art Nouveau furniture that offer superior comfort and decadence. The À la carte restaurant, bar and coffee rooms serve carefully selected drinks and food for your enjoyment. If you wish, we can organise various activities for groups at the hotel and elsewhere. Hospitality characteristic of Villa Ammende and the availability of a concierge service complement the impressive environment.Read more
Pärnu maakond, Pärnu linn
In summer 2014, the new and unique HEDON SPA & HOTEL opens in the historical mud bath building in Pärnu! Hedon Spa is located by the Pärnu beach right next to the beach promenade. The beach and lovely parks are a short walk away. In addition to 4* accommodation and relaxing spa services and a swimming area, Hedon Spa has a restaurant with a terrace that opens to the beach promenade and seminar rooms. Hedon Spa offers a relaxing atmosphere for a holiday and moments for yourself!Read more
Harju maakond, Kesklinna linnaosa
St. Petersbourg is a tiny boutique hotel in Tallinn. The 5* hotel invites you to wander around in the Old Town and to admire the dignified historical grace of the building! The luxurious hotel is located at the heart of Tallinn – in Rataskaevu Street in the Old Town. The building has been constructed in the characteristic style of Russian merchants, combining luxury with elegance and marvellous Russian cuisine! The St. Petersbourg Hotel is the oldest operating hotel in Tallinn, as well as Estonia. The hotel staff is friendly and helpful, aiming to make your stay at the hotel as comfortable as possible!Read more
Harju maakond, Kesklinna linnaosa
Small and private 44-room five-star hotel in the Old Town of Tallinn has a perfect location for business travellers, as well as holiday-makers. Contemporary business quarter and an exciting cultural centre are only a few minute's walk from the hotel. The hotel was nominated the best Estonian boutique hotel in 2013 and 2014 by the World Travel Awards.Read more
Harju maakond, Triigi küla
KAU Manor, which was originally constructed as long ago as 1241, was taken over by new owners in 2006. Renovation work was inspired by the colourful history of the manor, and the imagination employed makes it stand out from other manors in Estonia. Just half an hour's drive from Tallinn, the manor is the perfect place to escape the hustle and bustle of the city. The manor today is home to a 19-room boutique hotel, the awarded Kaheksa Jalga restaurant , a wine cellar, cigar room, library, private sauna and indoor pool. Its ballroom and other smaller salons make ideal venues for special events. A wide range of public events are also held here.
Harju maakond, Kesklinna linnaosa
The 23-room five star hotel invites you to explore the romantic Old Town and admire the dignified historical charm of the building! The luxurious hotel is located at the very heart of Tallinn – Pühavaimu street in the Old Town. During the renovations, the historical architectural design of the hotel was kept intact, turning it into a unique accommodation establishment that offers timeless grandeur and all modern conveniences. PS! Due to renovations, the hotel is closed until spring 2016.Read more
Harju maakond, Kesklinna linnaosa
Built in 1878, the modern Telegraaf hotel was once an exchange station for the Estonian Telegraph company. Today, the hotel serves as a popular five-star hotel in Tallinn Old Town, yet visitors can still enjoy the ambience which has surrounded the building for well over a century.Read more
Harju maakond, Kesklinna linnaosa
The Three Sisters Hotel is the only hotel in the Baltic states which is a member of a prestigious Design Hotels group. Three spectacular merchants houses built in 1362 were renovated and joint to a hotel Kolm Õde (Three sisters) in 2003. Modern interior offers up-to-date comfort with a retrospect to medieval history. Situated inside the 16th century town walls in the UNESCO World Heritage listed Tallinn Old Town, the hotel Kolm Õde offers you a chance to gaze old Hansa city's wall cracks but still with style, comfort and luxury.
Saare maakond, Pädaste küla
The centuries-old Pädaste Manor on the island of Muhu is the only five-star hotel outside Tallinn in Estonia. The fully renovated manor complex has been turned into a luxury hotel and a spa complex. Pädaste offers 24 differently decorated rooms for its guests: starting with cosy rooms in the coach house (Tõllakuur) and ending with stately rooms in the manor house. Although doing nothing in Pädaste is an agreeable and long-awaited leisure to many, there are choices for those interested in some activity. On your request, we'll organise a cycling trip along the coast, a boat trip in the sunset or a picnic on the Island of Love (Armastuse saar).Read more


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Soy milk and all other types of vegetable milk have been in use since recently. Because they are not animal products, people think that they can be a good substitute for animal milk. But soybean products produce acid in the human digestive system. Despite the fact that an alkaline reaction is achieved during laboratory testing. The comparison of soy milk with mother and cow milk can be very instructive.
Breast milk contains about 87% water, cow milk almost the same. While soy milk contains only slightly more than 10% water. Adding water to the process of soy milk does not turn that water into organic. Breast milk contains about 1.5% protein, cow milk about 3.5%, while soy milk contains more than 33% protein. Also, breast milk contains about 6% carbohydrates in the form of natural sugar. Cow milk about 5%, while soy milk contains more than 33% starch carbohydrates. Breast milk contains about 4% fat, cow's milk from 3% to 4%, while soy milk contains about 17% fat.
When we compare the chemical composition of breast milk with soy milk, we can find that soy milk contains about 170% more phosphorus and about 400% more sulfur. These two elements create acid. On the other hand, breast milk contains about 3500% more chlorine cleaning element than soy milk.
These factors are of great importance to realize that many cases of mental illness, affinity for abnormal sex, and other nervous system problems derive from the discomforts of these elements in the diet. The lack of chlorine in this milk has a very strong effect on the gastric juice. And may lead to a lack of hydrochloric acid.
This deficiency can lead to problems in the composition and activities of the blood.
In addition, those elements in this milk are no longer organic, if the soybean powder or soy milk were treated at a higher temperature.
Finally, we can say that it is best (if the child does not want or can not drink any milk) to give the child fresh raw fruit and vegetable juices. In a great variety to provide its body with all the minerals and chemical elements. Vitamins, hormones, calories and amino acids that need it. If the juices are properly flushed freshly drained from raw fruits and from raw vegetables, the child will have a strong, healthy and vital body protected from all diseases.
When the child grows a bit, the juices can be supplemented with salads of finely cut raw fruit and raw vegetables. Boiled and canned food, concentrated cereal, grain and flour products cannot build a healthy body. Naturally, the body seeks the means and ways to get rid of waste poisoning. This is manifested by temperature, skin rash and through various diseases as a result of devitalized life-giving groceries.