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U.S. commanders are preparing American troops to confront the Russian military threat in Eastern Europe, including reintroducing Cold War-era tactics, the NYT reports.
The training shift for the U.S. Army includes working in smaller operating groups that are harder to target, using camouflage to avoid surveillance drones and rocket attacks, repainting battle tanks from desert-tan to dark green to match the terrain, and launching military exercises to learn and prepare for Russian tactics. Last month, 25,000 American and allied forces practiced tactics, including nighttime aerial assaults, across Hungary, Romania, and Bulgaria over 10 days.


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Home » Employment
There are currently no positions available at this time. Please feel free to check back frequently if you are interested in a career opportunity with a trusted wildlife and pest control company.
Call your local pest control specialist.
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subset: commoncrawl


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Available to Sell Tool
attune's Available to Sell Tool gives you instant insights into your stock. Easily view and manage inventory across your sales operations -
wholesale, retail and e-commerce.
Gain powerful real-time inventory tracking capabilities to locate available inventory anywhere.
Filter by segment - wholesale, retail, e-commerce or by size.
Drill down to key information such as On-hand Inventory, Open Sales Orders, Store Inventory and more.


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Kernohan-Vickie Louise of St. Thomas, passed away suddenly on Sunday, February 23rd, 2014, at Listowel, as a result of a snowmobile accident, in her 54th year. Dearly loved wife and best friend of Kevin Kernohan and much loved mother of Amanda Wilkins (Jeff) of Montreal and Sean Kernohan (Laura) of Kerwood. Loved daughter of Carolyn (Rice) (Osborne) Nix of St. Thomas and the late Kenneth Charles Osborne. Dear sister of Valarie Osborne (Rob Daum) of Barrie and Jeffery Osborne (Joanne) of Walkerton. Special aunt of Liam Osborne. Dear daughter-in-law of David Kernohan of St. Thomas and sister-in-law of Karen Hodges (Rick) and David Kernohan (Brenda), all of St. Thomas. Sadly missed by a number of aunts, uncles and cousins. Vickie was born in St. Thomas on January 28th, 1961. She worked at the Real Canadian Superstore and formerly worked at Consumers Distributing. She was a former member of Edward Street Baptist Church.
The funeral service to celebrate Vickie's life will be held at Knox Presbyterian Church, 55 Hincks St., St. Thomas on Friday at 2:00 p.m. Interment to follow in Elmdale Cemetery. Visitation at Williams Funeral Home, 45 Elgin St., St. Thomas on Thursday from 2-4 and 7-9 p.m. Remembrances may be made to the Heart and Stroke Foundation of Ontario or the Canadian Cancer Society. Condolences may be sent to firstname.lastname@example.com.


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Listen to the uncle speaking ginkgo story(Chinese Edition)
AbeBooks Verkäufer seit 7. April 2009Anzahl: 1
AbeBooks Verkäufer seit 7. April 2009Anzahl: 1
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Titel: Listen to the uncle speaking ginkgo story(...
Einband: paperback
Zustand: New
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Royal Marine in court accused of terror offences
A Royal Marine has appeared in court charged with Northern Ireland-linked terror offences.
Ciaran Maxwell, 30, of Exminster, Devon, is accused of stashing explosives and weapons in purpose built caches in England and Northern Ireland.
He also allegedly compiled a library of terrorism documents, including instructions on how to make explosives and tactics used by terrorist organisations.
PSNI officers and Army technical officers searching properties on Old Glenarm Road in Larne, Co Antrim
He appeared in custody at Westminster Magistrates' Court on Friday.
Maxwell, wearing a grey tracksuit and flanked by two plain-clothed officers in the dock, stood up to confirm his details in a Northern Irish accent.
He has not yet entered any plea to the charges against him and was remanded into police custody.
The case was adjourned until Monday at Westminster Magistrates Court to give the police more time to investigate.
It is alleged that between January 1 2011 and August 24 2016, Maxwell manufactured explosive substances and constructed explosive devices.
He is accused of carrying out research resulting in the creation of a library of documents likely to be useful to someone committing or preparing an act of terrorism - specifically information regarding "the manufacture of explosive substances, the construction of explosive devices and tactics used by terrorist organisations".
Maxwell is also charged with getting an image of an adapted Police Service of Northern Ireland (PSNI) pass card and items of PSNI uniform.
The Metropolitan Police said he is charged with "creating and maintaining hides in England and Northern Ireland to store explosive substances, explosive devices, components for explosive devices, ammunition, weapons, tools and resources used during the construction of explosive devices and assorted other items linked to the preparation of an act of terrorism".
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The road through the Dark Hedges in Stranocum could be closed to traffic permanently.
The news comes after the Department of Infrastructure at the Northern Ireland Executive proposed banning vehicles along the Bregagh Road.
However it said the plans were in the early stages of consultation.
The department said it intended to publish a "notice of intention" to for the proposal in the autumn.
"Following discussions with Causeway Coast and Glens Borough Council and other interested parties, the department has agreed to take forward an order prohibiting vehicles using Bregagh Road," it said.
During Tuesday's Leisure and Development Committee, UUP councillor Joan Baird confirmed that party colleague and local MLA Robin Swann had received a letter that evening from Transport NI stating that they had agreed a traffic order prohibiting vehicles along certain roads.
She added: "This is a good step forward in protecting these trees."
More in this week's Times both online and in print.


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Jaye is a Clinical Psychologist who first started working at the READ Clinic in 2009 as an intern psychologist.
Jaye completed a B.Psych at the University of Newcastle in 2008. She is a Clinical Psychologist who commenced working at The READ Clinic in 2009 as an Intern Psychologist. While completing her internship at the clinic, Jaye worked in the public system with children, adolescents and their families.
Jaye undertakes diagnostic assessments for child and adolescent in the following areas:
- Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
- Learning disorders
- Educational assessments
- Cognitive ability (child through adult)
Jaye currently works every Thursday from Alternate Saturdays – Assessments only


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Everyone likes a mid-week treat of free lingerie and Selfridges vouchers, right?!
Well let's have a give-away then 🙂
As you'll already know if you read this post last week, I recently caught up with my lingerie BFFs Triumph to discuss my obsession with wrap dresses.
Wrap dresses are my one fashion must-have (read my interview here) but what's yours?
Just leave a comment here on Triumph UK's Facebook page sharing your wardrobe staple and you'll be in the drawer to win the prize.
Good luck. And let me know what you buy if you win! xx
Find out more about how I'm working with Triumph's Find The One Campaign here or see me nattering on about all things bras and dresses below!


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Psychology PhD
Ffeithiau'r cwrs
- Enw: Psychology
- Cymhwyster: PhD
- Hyd: Full-time PhD students normally spend three years in study, part-time students have five years to complete the PhD.
The School of Psychology at Bangor University offers modern undergraduate degree programmes that are fully BPS accredited and a suite of Masters programmes which reflect the School's research specialisms. The School has achieved excellent ratings in terms of both research and teaching performance and has invested extensively in a modern teaching, learning and research environment, including brain imaging technology (MRI and EEG). Students have access to state-of-the-art research and computing facilities and the opportunity to study under world-renowned academic staff. The School also boasts a number of prestigious research centres including the Wolfson Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, and the Centre for Experimental Consumer Psychology, which as well as being in the vanguard of academic research in these fields, offer students unique opportunities for project work covering important theoretical and practical elements.
Research Areas
Psychology with specialisations in:
- Language, Bilingualism and Cognitive Development
- Perception, Action and Memory
- Social Neuroscience
- Clinical, Health and Behavioural Psychology
Course Description
The PhD (or doctorate) is the highest academic qualification available. A PhD degree is designed to provide strong grounding in highly specialised areas through research. Its goal is to enable students to be researchers in psychology, contributing to academic knowledge and developing work of internationally publishable quality.
Additional Course Costs:
Additional costs may also be charged as follows: Enhanced DBS check (approx. £65).
Choosing a Research Topic and Supervisor
If you are considering a PhD degree, one of your first actions - before applying for admission to the programme - is to identify and communicate with a potential supervisor in the relevant area. The research interests and publications of our academic staff are listed within our web pages. E-mail the people whose research is most relevant to the area in which you wish to work, and initiate the discussion! A list of supervisors currently seeking PhD students, and their research interests, is available on the research section of the School of Psychology's website.
Rhoddir cynnwys y cwrs ar gyfer arweiniad yn unig a gall newid.
Cyfleoedd Prosiect Ymchwil
Please note the research project opportunities detailed here are NOT funded by the University. Candidates must secure their own funding to meet the costs of PhD study.
If you are a European or International student this research programme is one of those which allows you to develop a research project proposal as an initial and integral part of a Combined English / Study Skills and Research Course at the University before starting the PhD/MPhil degree.
European and International candidates who have already reached the required level of English can apply for entry onto the project of their choice by presenting a relevant research proposal when applying for admission.
Alternatively you may also consider developing your own research proposal based on the research specialisms within the school.
The opportunities which are currently available are outlined below.
Asymmetries in sensorimotor control AND / OR Handedness: what's the brain connection?
Supervisor: Dr David Carey
T: +44 (0) 1248 388700 / E: email@example.com
Asymmetries in sensorimotor control
Many studies have documented subtle and not so subtle differences in movements made by the dominant versus dominant hand, and/or into the right or left side of space. Projects in my lab could investigate these asymmetries, suing techniques gleaned from cognitive psychology as well as paradigms from studies of sensorimotor control.
Carey, D.P. & Liddle, J. (2013). Hemifield or hemispace: what accounts for the ipsilateral advantages in visually-guided aiming? Experimental Brain Research, 230, 323-331.
Carey, D.P. (2004). Neuropsychological perspectives on sensorimotor integration. In
Functional Brain Imaging of Visual Cognition. Attention and Performance XX, pp. 481-
- Edited by Nancy Kanwisher, John Duncan and Carlo Umlita. The MIT Press: Cambridge, MA.
Carey, D.P. & Otto-de Haart, E.G. (2001). Hemispatial differences in visually
Handedness: what's the brain connection?
Are left handers unusual? What is the relationship between handedness and the side of the brain dominant for speech? Are their attentional asymmetries that mirror those of speech in right handers and left handers? Projects in my lab often attempt to classify people using behavioural and sensorimotor techniques.
Bestelmeyer, P.E.G. & Carey, D.P. (2004). Processing biases towards the preferred hand: Valid and invalid cueing of left- versus right-hand movements. Neuropsychologia, 42. 1162-1167.
Buckingham, G., Main, J.C., & Carey, D.P (2011) Asymmetries in motor attention during bimanual reaching: Left and right handers compared. Cortex, 47, 432-440.
Carey, D.P. and Johnstone LT (2014). Quantifying cerebral asymmetries for language in dextrals and adextrals with random-effects meta-analysis. Frontiers in Psychology, 5:1128. http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2014.01128
Carey, D.P., Buckingham, G., Otto-de Haart, E.G., Dijkerman, H.-C., Hargreaves, E.L. & Goodale, M.A. (2015). Are there right-hemisphere contributions to visually-guided movement? Manipulating left hand reaction time advantages in dextrals. Frontiers in Psychology, 6, 1203. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01203
Please note this research project opportunity is NOT funded by the University. Candidates must secure their own funding to meet the costs of PhD study.
Attentional and social effects of paralinguistic aspects of voice
Supervisor: Dr Patricia Bestelmeyer
T: +44 (0) 1248 383488 / E: firstname.lastname@example.com
Dr. Bestelmeyer works on auditory perception and is most interested in the attentional and social effects of paralinguistic aspects of voice such as affect, attractiveness or different native English accents on listeners. She uses behavioural tests and fMRI to evaluate and refine voice perception models that try to explain how we can extract and react to the complex information carried by a person's voice.
Please note this research project opportunity is NOT funded by the University. Candidates must secure their own funding to meet the costs of PhD study.
Bangor Literacy Lab
Supervisor: Dr Marketa Caravolas
T: +44 (0) 1248 388566 / E: firstname.lastname@example.com
Dr Caravolas's research interests include modeling early literacy development, reading and spelling processes in different languages, dyslexia in different languages, diagnosis of dyslexia in adulthood, and language and literacy interventions for struggling readers in bilingual education. Much of her research uses longitudinal and multi-(language)-group designs in studies seeking to uncover universals and language-specific factors in learning to read, spell and write. The interested student would undertake novel research in one of these areas, or, would contribute to existing literacy basic and applied research programmes.
Please note this research project opportunity is NOT funded by the University. Candidates must secure their own funding to meet the costs of PhD study.
Children's health and wellbeing: How to inspire and empower children to eat healthy diets and be more active in their daily lives
Supervisor: Prof. Pauline Horne
T: +44(0) 1248 382212/E: email@example.com
According to the World Health Organisation, child obesity has reached epidemic proportions worldwide and is the biggest public health challenge of the 21st century. To counteract the influences of obesogenic environments, powerful behaviour change interventions need to be delivered at scale to reverse the rising tide of obesity and its negative consequences for human health and wellbeing.
The Food Dudes Healthy Eating programme for 3-11 year old children in primary schools is based on the unique combination of 3 core learning principles [3 "R"s]: Repeated tasting incentivised by Role Modelling and Reinforcement. Over the past 25 years, our research group at Bangor has developed versions of the programme for roll out regionally (UK) and nationally (Eire), producing large and lasting increases in children's consumption of fruit and vegetables, and displacement of foods high in fat and sugar from their diets. In more recent variants of the programme, maintenance of children's healthy food choices has been further supported by environmental "nudges" (using the principles of "choice architecture") in school lunch canteens.
Complementary to the Food Dudes Healthy Eating programme, Dynamic Dudes is a behavioural intervention to increase children's daily physical activity. Currently under development, there is one version for the early years (3-4 year olds) and another for 5-11 year olds. Based on principles similar to those that underpin the Food Dudes programme, the Dynamic Dudes intervention also aims to increase intrinsic reinforcement for children's physical activity through improvements in their physical literacy skills. Following successful pilot trials, we are now seeking funding to refine and trial both the early years and main primary school versions of this activity intervention.
Please note this research project opportunity is NOT funded by the University. Candidates must secure their own funding to meet the costs of PhD study.
Cognitive strategies and experiential factors that shape how we perceive and interact with others
Supervisor: Dr Emily Cross
T: +44 (0) 1248 383274 / E: firstname.lastname@example.com
Research with Dr. Cross in the Social Brain in Action Lab aims to delineate the cognitive strategies and experiential factors that shape the neural processes that link action with perception, and sculpt how we perceive and interact with other agents in social settings. Her team systematically examines these questions with paradigms that draw upon a diverse range of complex actions and stimuli, including dance, acrobatics, robotics, music and knot tying. The overarching objective of these studies is to evaluate how an observer's physical constraints or social expectations influence how they perceive and predict complex actions performed by human and non- human agents. This research incorporates expert populations, longitudinal training studies, computer animation, functional magnetic resonance imaging, transcranial magnetic stimulation and psychophysics to better understand how we perceive and interact with different agents and actions.
Please note this research project opportunity is NOT funded by the University. Candidates must secure their own funding to meet the costs of PhD study.
Consumer Psychology: Brands, Retail, Emotions, Social Media, and that Jazz
Supervisor: Prof James Intriligator
T: +44 (0) 1248 383630 / E: firstname.lastname@example.com
The field of "consumer psychology" sits at the intersection of psychology, marketing, and business. Research within this domain covers a huge range of topics such as: marketing, branding, advertising, behaviour-change, workplace issues, environmentalism. Bangor University is home to Europe's most renowned masters programme in "Consumer Psychology and Business". Working on a range of theoretical and applied topics, Bangor Psychology staff work with both local companies and with some of the world's leading brands (such as Cadbury, Unilever, and Mars).
PhD research within Professor Intriligator's lab covers all aspects of consumer psychology. Recent PhD students have examined such issues as: The use of digital signs in retail and the workplace, the influence of aromas in retail, digital devices and nature, behaviour change and energy usage, brand loyalty, emotion-based decision making, the impact of faces and other emotional stimuli in web pages, social media and marketing, etc.
Please note this research project opportunity is NOT funded by the University. Candidates must secure their own funding to meet the costs of PhD study.
Coping with chronic disabling conditions: the interdependence of caregiver and patient beliefs in illness centrality and self-efficacy for coping
Supervisor: Prof Val Morrison
T: +44 (0) 1248 382485 / E: email@example.com
Research in health psychology has demonstrated the predictive utility of patient illness and treatment cognitions and expectancies in terms of a range of physical, functional, emotional and social outcomes. Drawing from self-regulatory and sociocognitive theory, existing research has predominantly treated patients and their family/friend caregivers as holding independent, rather than interdependent, beliefs and expectations. Too often also, research has ignored mediating processes of change in these illness and treatment-related cognitions, and the extent to which this change better explains outcomes such as mood, rehabilitation or medication adherence, physical and social functioning. Joining Val Morrison's research group, any new PhD student would be required to address the dynamic nature of illness responses and their interacting effects on outcomes, with the unit of analysis being both the individual patient or caregiver, as well as the dyad. Working in collaboration with healthcare practitioners or the voluntary sector across a range of adult clinical populations including potentially those affected by a cancer, Multiple Sclerosis, stroke, arthritis, or surgical populations, empirical studies will likely address the concepts of illness centrality, illness representations, self-efficacy, and both proactive and reactive coping. There is the potential for mixed methods research i.e the use of quantitative and qualitative methods can combine to elicit useful data.
Please note this research project opportunity is NOT funded by the University. Candidates must secure their own funding to meet the costs of PhD study.
Development of Functional Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (fMRS) - directly measuring neurotransmission
Supervisor: Dr Paul Mullins
T: +44 (0) 1248 383631 / E: email@example.com
My research is currently directed along two lines: 1) The study of neurotransmitters and their interplay in normal functioning and disease, and 2) cerebral blood flow and how it changes in response to external and internal stimuli. These two research strands overlap in several cases and I am also interested in studying the interplay between both.
To study neurotransmission I use magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), and particularly the technique of functional magnetic resonance spectroscopy (fMRS), which allows us to measure neurotransmitter dynamics in real time. Members of my lab have shown that it is possible to measure dynamics of the excitatory neurotransmitter Glutamate with a temporal resolution of a few seconds, and that these measures can be combined with EEG and measures of the BOLD response (which forms the basis of fMRI). Some of the questions we hope to approach next are
- What is the exact timing of the glutamatergic response function?
- What is GABA's role in repetition suppression in the LOC?
- What about network recruitment/repetitionenhancement?
Development of fMRS as a tool to probe neural activity and neurotransmission directly has potential for application in clinical populations where the putative mechanism involves derangements in neurotransmitter metabolism, neurotransmitter receptor function or both. (e.g. Schizophrenia, epilepsy, Migraine, Parkinsons). These projects will introduce the student to MRS spectroscopy and will require the student to develop and employ skills in Matlab, experimental design, image processing and MRS analysis.
Recent work on cerebral blood flow in Hypoxia has revealed some interesting results regarding regions of the brain normally considered to be highly active at rest – the so called default mode network. Working with colleagues at the School of Sport health and Exercise Sciences we would like to extend these findings into other areas of metabolic stress and deficit – and further investigate how cerebral blood flow in these regions may be affected.
Projects in this area will introduce the students to MRI techniques for measuring cerebral blood flow (e.g Arterial spin labeling), physiologic measurements, behavioural testing and neural metabolism, as well as image analysis, experimental design, Matlab, FSL and SPM.
I expect my PhD students to be somewhat self-sufficient and very self-driven, having said that I would be very involved with these two particular projects and would provide the basic training required for the student to complete their thesis. In addition to the knowledge about the role of Glutamate and GABA in neurotransmission and neural processes underlying cognition, the PhD student on either of these projects would gain several employable skills: safe operation of an MRI scanner (Phillips 3T); experience in applying advanced imaging and spectroscopy techniques; instruction in MRI Physics, experimental design and image and spectroscopy analysis. I have several national and international collaborations, allowing the student to be exposed to research from other labs if desired. There would also be opportunities to be involved in teaching on the Masters in NeuroImaging program.
Please note this research project opportunity is NOT funded by the University. Candidates must secure their own funding to meet the costs of PhD study.
Dissecting the functional organization of spatial working memory through behavioural and physiological measures in healthy and brain injured participants
Supervisor: Dr Giovanni d'Avossa
T: +44 (0) 1248 388801 / E: firstname.lastname@example.com
Recent work in my lab suggests that spatial working memory relies on both local representations encoding the precise location of the elements in a visual scene as well as global representations of the scene configuration.
The existence of multiple representations for spatial working memory is in keeping with physiological data, which suggest that both lower and higher tiers of the visual cortical processing hierarchy are involved in spatial working memory, albeit in rather different ways. While the former brain regions show little or no sustained activity during maintenance of information in memory, the latter regions show instead sustained signals whose amplitude is modulated by the memory load.
Currently, we are investigating how these two levels of representation interact by examining the effects on spatial recall of visual landmarks, which are stable features of a visual environment, but whose location does not have to be remembered vs. items whose location has to be remembered. This and additional work is carried out in both healthy and brain injured participants using behavioural and physiological measures (BOLD and ERP). Overall the project provides an excellent opportunity, to those students interested in spatial cognition and its neuropsychology, to probe the organization of spatial representations in the brain.
Please note this research project opportunity is NOT funded by the University. Candidates must secure their own funding to meet the costs of PhD study.
Dynamics of human learning and memory
Supervisor: Dr Stephan Boehm
T: +44 (0) 1248 38 388241 / E: email@example.com
My research interests are human learning/memory and its dynamics, and I utilize both behavioural methods as well as event-related brain potentials. The overarching objective of the research is (1) to delineate the cognitive architecture and the neural underpinnings of human learning and memory and (2) to explore and describe the flexibility of how different forms of memory are invoked and how they interact. One major research focus is on advancing models of learning and memory describing the cognitive architecture of memory, in particular priming (for example for familiar faces and objects). The second research focus is on teasing apart contributions from different forms of memory co- occurring at the same point in time, investigating their interactions and evaluating the conditions under which these interactions occur. Examples of this research are the dissociation and interaction of implicit (non-declarative) and explicit (declarative) forms of memory like priming and episodic memory, the influence of semantic memory on priming, and the relationship of priming with perception and consciousness (awareness).
Please note this research project opportunity is NOT funded by the University. Candidates must secure their own funding to meet the costs of PhD study.
Electro-cortical correlates of intra-subject variability
Supervisor: Dr Christoph Klein
T: +44 (0) 1248 388351 / E: email@example.com
Elevated intra-subject variability of reaction times (ISV), a measure of fluctuations in performance on cognitive tasks, is a promising behavioural endophenotype for several psychiatric conditions. It is associated with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, frontal lobe injury, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Such trial-to-trial variability in performance has been identified as a possible measure of neural noise, either generally or specifically as an index of catecholaminergically-mediated prefrontal noise, but may also reflect ultra-slow endogenous brain oscillations. ISV, of course, is always studied in the context of a particular task. Working memory is a domain of cognition which is theoretically important in both catecholaminergic transmission and ISV.
This PhD project will experimentally investigate the electro-cortical correlates of ISV employing PCA- or ICA-based single-trial analyses of event-related potentials (ERP) and EEG frequency bands of multi-channel EEG recordings. We will aim to study ISV in the context of tasks sensitive to pre-frontal cortex functioning such as working memory tasks or tests of executive functioning to test and experimentally dissociate rival models of ISV associating the phenomenon with neural noise, endogenous brain fluctuations as well as general versus specific properties of the brain. Potential extensions of the project may include the molecular-genetic underpinnings of ISV (e.g., through dopaminergic neuro- transmission) and/or the investigation of increased ISV in specific psychiatric populations (ADHD or schizophrenia).
Kuntsi, J. & Klein, C. (2012). Intra-Individual Variability in ADHD and its Implications for Research of Causal Links. In: Stanford, C. & Tannock, R. (Editors). Behavioral Neurobiology of ADHD and its Treatment. Current Topics in Behavioral Neuroscience, 9, 67-92.
Please note this research project opportunity is NOT funded by the University. Candidates must secure their own funding to meet the costs of PhD study.
Emotions and amnesia
Supervisor: Prof. Oliver Turnbull
T: +44 (0) 1248 383670 / E: firstname.lastname@example.com
Patients with profound anterograde amnesia (such as that following hippocampal damage) show preservation of emotion-related learning, across substantial periods of time (i.e several weeks). There is a vast literature on episodic memory systems, and their (hippocampally-mediated) biological underpinnings. There has also been a substantial literature on other memory systems, such as semantic or procedural skills, that are independent of episodic memory. However, the role for emotion-based learning systems, the role of emotion-mediated memory, has been far less investigated.
The study will address the under-investigated issue of how emotions are modified in the patchy and distorted recall of amnesic patients. In particular, the study seeks to establish whether specific classes of emotion are (1) better recalled, (2) whether specific emotions prime each other, and (3) whether these patterns of memory error relate to pre-morbid personality. All of these issue bear on important emotion-related questions, especially on the relationship between emotions, and how these are developed and maintained throughout the life-span. The topic has substantial clinical implications – perhaps most obviously in relation to dementia.
Please note this research project opportunity is NOT funded by the University. Candidates must secure their own funding to meet the costs of PhD study.
Evaluating the effectiveness of various literacy and numeracy interventions
Supervisor: Dr Carl Hughes
T: +44 (0) 1248 383278 / E: email@example.com
Many children and adults struggle to learn basic literacy and numeracy skills, which has a significant impact on their overall academic attainment, employability, and access to modern society.
We have been conducting a number of research projects in school across North Wales and beyond, to evaluate the effects of various literacy and numeracy interventions based on behavioural principles (including Direct Instruction, Precision Teaching, and Fluency-based instruction, and Internet based reading programmes).
Research opportunities in this area include; investigating approaches to reading and numeracy instruction for children in mainstream schools, as well as for children with various learning difficulties in special schools; investigating interventions to increase the basic skills of children and adolescents at risk of offending; investigating the use and effects of internet-based reading programmes; and investigating teacher behaviours and educational contexts relevant to implementation and dissemination of effective practices.
Please note this research project opportunity is NOT funded by the University. Candidates must secure their own funding to meet the costs of PhD study.
How to Tell the Brain What to Do: Influences of Verbal Commands on Sustained Concentration in Older Adults
Supervisor: Dr Paloma Mari-Beffa
T: +44 (0) 1248 383816 / E: email@example.com
The main purpose of this research project is to study the way in which verbal instructions promote concentration on task goals. Being able to concentrate on a task (and avoid distraction) is fundamental to achieving our goals. The consequences of losing task control can range from minor slips of actions to devastating dysfunctional behaviour. Despite its central role in human adaptation to life, it is nevertheless one of the most vulnerable of all cognitive functions. Developmentally, such ability could be considered non-existent new born infants. Peak performance is achieved at about 20 years old shortly before it starts declining after 29 years of age. Later deterioration is variable but generally progressive, establishing it as the best predictor of cognitive dysfunction in older people. In this project we study mechanisms to boost this cognitive control in older people, therefore, our results can be critical to identify interventions to preserve cognitive functions in general. More specifically, it could be used to improve mental health and mental well-being later in life.
Please note this research project opportunity is NOT funded by the University. Candidates must secure their own funding to meet the costs of PhD study.
Impact of mindfulness training on attention, emotion regulation and conceptual processing in the context of well-being across in the life-span
Supervisor: Dr Dusana Dorjee
T: +44 (0) 1248 388842 / E: firstname.lastname@example.com
My research investigates how mindfulness training modifies behavioural, physiological and neurocognitive processes relevant to well-being and development across the life-span. In this context, my current studies on mindfulness training in schools, mechanisms of mindfulness in healthy adults, and mindfulness in aging examine the impact of mindfulness training on cognitive control, emotion regulation, and conceptual processing relevant to well-being. I am particularly interested in possible preventive effects of mindfulness on mental and physical health. Potential Ph.D. projects on topics in this area would integrate behavioural, self-report and electrophysiological methods, particularly event-related brain potentials (ERPs). More information about research conducted in my lab can be found at: http://mindfulbrain.bangor.ac.uk
Please note this research project opportunity is NOT funded by the University. Candidates must secure their own funding to meet the costs of PhD study.
Interdisciplinary approach to haptic perception and tool use
Supervisor: Dr Simon Watt
T: +44 (0) 1248 388252 / E: firstname.lastname@example.com
Supervisor: Prof Paul Downing
T: +44 (0) 1248 382159 / E: email@example.com
We use psychophysics and fMRI to investigate cross-modal integration, particularly in the visual / haptic domain. The overarching question behind the project concerns how the brain combines signals from different sensory modalities, considering that they are assembled from fundamentally different units. For example, in the case of size judgements, the modality-specific signals that specify an objects' size in vision are not directly comparable to those specified by haptics. Yet we routinely use these signals together in everyday action – and psychophysical studies show we do this near-optimally.
We are using fMRI with advanced experimental designs in order to begin to understand the basis for this ability. E.g. what are the regions that compute haptic size; do they use a local or distributed code to do so; how do their responses depend on the particular effectors used? A particular focus of interest for the thesis could be around tool use, which presents further interesting problems for multisensory integration. This is because the mapping between visual and haptic inputs systematically varies depending on the type of tool used. A further puzzle is that people are often adept at switching between tools, apparently handling changes in visuo-motor mappings with relative ease. The basis for this ability is poorly understood.
The two supervisors offer a unique combination of world-leading expertise in psychophysics of cross-modal integration (Watt) and fMRI studies on body and action representations (Downing). The project would suit students from a variety of backgrounds and with a variety of career interests (e.g. basic neuroscience, robotics)
An MSc in Psychology, Neuroscience, Vision Science, or related disciplines is a requirement. Some programming skills e.g. in Matlab would be highly desirable.
Please note this research project opportunity is NOT funded by the University. Candidates must secure their own funding to meet the costs of PhD study.
Reading fluency / Dyslexia / Bilingualism
Supervisor: Dr Manon Jones
T: +44 (0) 1248 382541 / E: firstname.lastname@example.com
1. Developmental dyslexia affects approximately 10% of the population, and is a problem that persists into adulthood. Many adults with dyslexia adapt to their reading difficulty to some extent, but a problem in reading fluency persists. In recent years, research efforts have focused on the perceptual and cognitive factors that enable reading fluency in normally developing readers, and cause fluency deficits in dyslexia. However, we do not yet have a full understanding of the processes underpinning fluency in these groups.
The proposed study will use experimental methods to investigate the concept of 'automaticity' in reading fluency: the current assumption that slower reading involves slower access to and lower activation levels of lexical codes. The study will specifically seek to address the following aspects of dyslexia: 1) the evidence for impaired automaticity in text reading as opposed to impaired lexical inhibition, 2) the respective roles of visual and phonological processing in these deficits, and 3) qualitative differences in automaticity as a function of age.
2. Popular accounts of bilingualism claim that to have two languages is to "possess a second soul". Recent findings from the burgeoning literature on linguistic relativity suggest that basic perceptual and cognitive processes can be influenced by the properties of different languages, but much less work has been conducted on language and its effect on higher order semantic conceptualizations such as opinion and belief.
The proposed study will use experimental methods to assess 1) the extent to which language of input affects processing effort and offline ratings of belief in response to culturally biased and non-culturally biased statements, 2) how this relationship is modulated by other factors, including emotional responses, degree of language proficiency in the L1 and L2 etc., 3) how 'superficial' characteristics of the input (accent, intonation etc.) can affect participant response.
Please note this research project opportunity is NOT funded by the University. Candidates must secure their own funding to meet the costs of PhD study.
Social and cognitive neuroscience
Supervisor: Dr Richard Ramsey
T: +44 (0) 1248 388554 / E: firstname.lastname@example.com
A highly-motivated and creative student with strong written and oral communication skills, and preferably experience with human neuroscience techniques (fMRI, TMS, EEG) is required for this position.
The project is part of ongoing research in the Social Brain in Action Laboratory (SoBA Lab), which explores the cognitive and brain systems that underpin our ability to understand the actions and mental states of other people.
A key aim of the project will be to address novel questions in social neuroscience using a combination of behavioural measures (e.g., reaction times and error rates) and state-of- the-art functional brain imaging techniques (e.g., repetition suppression, multi-voxel pattern analysis and connectivity analysis). Using these methods, the successful candidate will be encouraged to develop a theme of research that examines how neural circuits in the human brain make sense of the dynamic and complex social information that we experience in everyday life. Example research topics include: action / person perception, observational learning, perspective taking, theory-of-mind and imitation. Applicants with research interests in other areas of social neuroscience are also strongly encouraged to apply.
The SoBA Lab is an international research group housed in the School of Psychology at Bangor University, which offers access to outstanding facilities for Social / Cognitive Neuroscience. For more details, see: www.soba-lab.com.
Please note this research project opportunity is NOT funded by the University. Candidates must secure their own funding to meet the costs of PhD study.
Social perception and neurodevelopmental disorders
Supervisor: Dr Kami Koldewyn
T: +44 (0) 1248 388581 / E: email@example.com
PhD students working in the Developmental Social Vision lab will explore several aspects of social perception - including face and body perception, biological motion perception, animacy perception and the perception of social interaction both across the lifespan and in neurodevelopmental disorders. Students will be encouraged to develop projects using behavioural and eye-tracking paradigms as well as both functional MRI and transcranial magnetic stimulation to examine the cognitive and brain systems that underpin our ability to perceive and understand other people and the interactions between them. Students will be encouraged to identify novel questions and design innovative studies in social perception as well as explore new ways of combining behavioural and brain data.
Please note this research project opportunity is NOT funded by the University. Candidates must secure their own funding to meet the costs of PhD study.
Testing the Zero Control Theory
Supervisor: Prof. Guillaume Thierry
T: +44 (0) 1248 388348 / E: email@example.com
Fifteen years of research have led me to considering seriously the idea that there is no such thing as free choice and that the human brain makes decisions in a wholly deterministic fashion, based on a large number of unconscious and elaborate processes that escape conscious awareness. Conscious awareness of the self may thus be considered an emergent property of a highly complex biological system (our body and brain) interacting with a highly complex environment (the world around us). As an emergent property, conscious awareness would then have little do with deciding what we do and how we do it. Freedom of choice (often referred to as 'free will') would then be mere illusion: We would become aware of a decision when it has already been made by the unconscious and, in the process of becoming aware, we would be led to believe that we made the decision, but never did.
My new research programme will aim to test this staggering hypothesis which I propose to call the Zero Control Theory by
(1) investigating random generation in humans (i.e., testing whether random generation is actually possible);
(2) tracking down the fate of information (verbal or nonverbal) that has been indadvertedly processed by the brain and seeing how such information can guide future decision-making;
(3) exploring the concept of decision priming (i.e., determine whether a mandatory or seemingly free/optional decision has a differential priming effect on an upcoming decision made shortly thereafter);
This research will seek to build of a bridge between Cognitive Neuroscience, Psychology and Philosophy of life.
Please note this research project opportunity is NOT funded by the University. Candidates must secure their own funding to meet the costs of PhD study.
The Centre for evidence Based Early Intervention School of Psychology
Supervisor: Prof Judy M Hutchings
T: +44 (0) 1248 383625 / E: firstname.lastname@example.com
The Centre for evidence Based Early Intervention School of Psychology currently has four PhD students supervised by Professor Hutchings
- Evaluation of the one-to-one Enhancing Parenting Skills parenting programme. This RCT project is evaluating a parenting programme developed by Prof Hutchings and delivered by Health Visitors to high-risk pre-school children. The intervention comprises three stages, assessment, case analysis and intervention based on principles derived from applied behavioural analysis. This PhD is funded for three years from 1st January 2014 and is funded by a former Bangor student.
- Development of a web based parenting programme that teachers core behavioural principles and is based on Prof Hutchings Little Parent Handbook. The content was developed in the 1990s as part of a larger RCT of a CAMHS based intervention for parents of children with conduct disorder. This PhD, also part funded by the former Bangor student and part funded by the Children's Early Intervention Trust Charity and is funded from July 2014 – June 2017
- One funded PhD student is evaluating the Finnish school based KiVa bullying prevention programme that has both whole school and targeted components and aims to influence the behavior of bystanders. Following from a Master's thesis with a pilot group of schools this thesis is looking at the impact of broader role out of this programme across schools in Wales and is funded from October 2013 – September 2016, partly by the BIG Lottery and partly by the Children's Early Intervention Trust charity.
- A newly funded KESS PhD scholarship is reviewing the training and support needs of foster carers and will be evaluating interventions to support them. This funding commenced in December 2015 and will be completed in November 2018. A number of behaviourally based training options are being reviewed including web-based, one to one and group based programmes.
Please note this research project opportunity is NOT funded by the University. Candidates must secure their own funding to meet the costs of PhD study.
The human face as a biomarker of social traits
Supervisor: Prof. Rob Ward
T: +44 (0) 1248 383601 / E: email@example.com
I am interested in evolutionary perspectives on human behaviour. Much of this work investigates to what extent the human face is a reliable signal for a person's social traits. We find that many aspects of personality can be accurately identified solely from neutral face images. That is, to some extent, people with similar looking-faces behave in similar ways (Jones, Kramer, & Ward 2012). Although trait identification can be surprisingly accurate, it can also be misleading and produce potential social harm (Scott, Jones, Kramer, & Ward, 2013).
We hypothesise is that at least some of the correlation we find between appearance and behaviour is driven by the influence of sex hormones on morphological and behavioural development. Further, the visual effect of these hormonal signals may be part of an evolved signal system for nonverbal communication (Kramer, King, and Ward, 2011). There is much here to understand; however, cross-cultural investigations of face characteristics, their associated social traits, and the ability to perceive and understand these signals, will be crucial for testing our hypotheses.
Please note this research project opportunity is NOT funded by the University. Candidates must secure their own funding to meet the costs of PhD study.
The left bias in perceived light source
Supervisor: Dr Ayelet Sapir
T: +44 (0) 1248 388734 / E: firstname.lastname@example.com
When we interpret a shaded picture as a three-dimensional scene, our visual system uses various depth cues. One such cue is shading, which can make a two dimensional shaded circle look like a three dimensional convex bump or concave cavity, depending on where the light source is presumed to be. Often the position of the light is unknown and we need to guess it in order to resolve a convex-concave ambiguity. Initially, psychologists have suggested that the visual system assumes that light comes from above and argued that this assumption is ecologically justified because our everyday light source (the sun) is overhead. Later on, it was found that people's preferred lighting direction is not directly overhead, but rather shifted to the left. This is intriguing because the sun is not to the left any more than it is to the right; therefore there must be another factor contributing to this light source assumption. In previous experiments in our lab we found that the left bias is related to innate hemispheric lateralization, but it can be altered by lifetime experience. The aim of the present proposed study is to further explore why people assume the light source is coming from the left. We will test different populations, from children to older adults, and may use imaging techniques to explore the neural correlates of the left bias in assumed light source.
Please note this research project opportunity is NOT funded by the University. Candidates must secure their own funding to meet the costs of PhD study.
The neuroscience of human hand function
Supervisor: Dr Ken Valyear
T: +44 (0) 1248 382623 / E: firstname.lastname@example.com
The purpose of the research in my lab is to better understand the brain-behavioural relationships that underlie human hand function. We focus our attention on manual behaviours that are essential for human activities of daily living, such as grasping and tool use. While our research primarily serves the advancement of basic science, we believe that a better understanding of how the brain controls the hand will promote new and improved, evidence-based rehabilitation interventions for individuals with movement problems. Several overlapping lines of research are ongoing, including work on action selection and performance, tool use, and the effects of injuries to the peripheral nervous system on the functional organization of the central nervous system. New PhD candidates will lead a novel research project in one of these areas, typically involving a combination of behavioural, functional MRI, and neuromodulatory methods (i.e. transcranial magnetic stimulation; transcranial direct current stimulation). There may also be opportunities for testing special-case patients, and to interface the research with specific clinical populations (e.g., stroke survivors) for the purpose of promoting rehabilitation. The student will have opportunities to develop and steer the work according to their own interests.
Please note this research project opportunity is NOT funded by the University. Candidates must secure their own funding to meet the costs of PhD study.
The orthographic lexicon and sound-spelling translation in bilinguals
Supervisor: Dr George Houghton
T: +44 (0) 1248 382692 / E: email@example.com
Supervisor: Dr Marie-Josephe Tainturier
T: +44 (0) 1248 382714 / E: firstname.lastname@example.com
This project will develop and test models of the organization of the orthopaedic (reading and spelling) lexicon and the process of sound-spelling (and spelling-sound) translation in fluent Welsh-English bilinguals. The central question is how the brain simultaneously represents two different orthographic systems which partially overlap. Both the experimental and modelling work will be developed from the ongoing research of the supervisors. The project would particularly suit a candidate with some knowledge of computer programming who wishes to develop skills in computational cognitive modeling.
Please note this research project opportunity is NOT funded by the University. Candidates must secure their own funding to meet the costs of PhD study.
Understanding key learning processes and their application to support health and wellbeing in typically developing children and special populations
Supervisor: Dr. Mihela Erjavec
T: +44 (0) 1248 383107/ E: email@example.com
I am interested in determinants of early learning, development of imitation and language, and social context and interactions that contribute to these processes. I supervise postgraduate research projects that improve our understanding of these processes and their interactions. This research is conducted under carefully controlled conditions in our excellent facilities at the University Nursery and Childcare Centre, Tir Na n'Og, and in local nurseries and schools (see http://playlab.bangor.ac.uk).
My second research stream involves applications of this knowledge in behaviour change interventions that can optimise outcomes for children of all levels of ability. Variables of interest include healthy eating and exercise; improving the choice architecture of school environments; offering tangible incentives for making healthy choices; gamification; the use of media and online tools; and new technologies that can promote behaviour change (see http://caer.bangor.ac.uk).
Finally, I am interested in improving the effectiveness of child health and wellbeing interventions and in applying them in other cultural contexts; across a variety of ages and abilities; nationally and internationally.
Please note this research project opportunity is NOT funded by the University. Candidates must secure their own funding to meet the costs of PhD study.
Vocabulary optimization in human language production
Supervisor: Dr Gary Oppenheim
T: +44 (0) 1248 388838 / E: email@example.com
The average adult speaker knows around 40,000 words, but is able to find a single appropriate word in less than a second, often speaking at a rate of 2-3 words per second in normal conversation. The Language Production Lab (http://pages.bangor.ac.uk/~pss238/lab) uses human language production as a tool to understand how the mind works, and one of our current lines of work focuses the idea that speakers are constantly reshaping their vocabularies to enable such fluent production. We have developed a computational model of speech production implements such a learning algorithm, so our current efforts focus on extending and refining the model, and collecting new behavioural data to test both the core ideas behind the model and its implementational details. The successful candidate will be encouraged to develop novel (related) questions and explore innovative ways of combining computational models and behavioural data to uncover how our minds support successful language use.
Please note this research project opportunity is NOT funded by the University. Candidates must secure their own funding to meet the costs of PhD study.
Gofynion Mynediad
You are expected to have an undergraduate degree in psychology or a related subject, with a minimum degree class of 2:1 or equivalent. If you do not already have an MSc degree, then we would normally expect you to complete such a degree prior to starting the PhD programme. Many students complete their MSc degree in our department before progressing to the PhD. If you have already obtained an appropriate Master's degree, you may be required to take one or more relevant modules in the School's MSc in Psychological Research to complement your background and expertise.
Sut i Ymgeisio
Need help applying?
If you have any questions about entry requirements, how to apply or the course you are interested in please do not hesitate to contact Bethan Pentith, Postgraduate Admissions Officer on +44 (0)1248 388453 or by emailing firstname.lastname@example.com. We look forward to hearing from you.
Cyngor ar wneud cais
Mae ceisiadau ar gyfer graddau ymchwil yn wahanol i geisiadau am gyrsiau ôl-radd trwy ddysgu fel gradd Feistr. Er bod y ffurflen gais yr un ffurflen, mae'r ffordd y dylech fynd ati i wneud cais yn gwneud gwahaniaeth.
Gwneud cais ar gyfer PhD/Mphil wedi ei ariannu'n allanol neu gennych chi eich hun
Fel gydag ein holl gyrsiau, gallwch ariannu cwrs PhD/Mphil ym Mangor eich hun, neu efallai fod gennych gymorth ariannol allanol (er enghraifft gan eich cyflogwr neu gan y cynulliad), ac rydym yn croesawu pob cais am wneud hynny. Er hynny, yn hytrach na chwblhau ffurflen gais yn unig, gallwch gymryd camau syml er mwyn gwneud yn siŵr fod eich cais yn sefyll allan ac yn fwy tebygol o fod yn llwyddiannus.
Mae pob myfyriwr PhD/Mphil angen goruchwyliaeth gan o leiaf un aelod o staff y Brifysgol, ac os ydych yn ystyried PhD/Mphil mae gennych eisoes syniad o'r pwnc neu'r maes yr ydym am astudio ynddo. I wneud yn siŵr fod gan y Brifysgol arbenigedd yn y maes er mwyn darparu goruchwyliaeth, edrychwch yn gyntaf ar ein tudalennau staff.
Unwaith yr ydych wedi dod o hyd i aelod o staff sydd yn gwneud gwaith ymchwil yn y maes, gallwch gysylltu â hwy yn uniongyrchol gyda chrynodeb o'ch ymchwil sy'n amlinellu eich cais a gofynnwch a ydynt yn fodlon i oruchwylio eich project. Os yw'r aelod o staff academaidd yn dangos diddordeb, gallwch drafod ymhellach i ddatblygu cynnig ymchwil PhD/Mphil llawn.
Ar yr adeg yma, dylech wneud cais am y rhaglen PhD/Mphil gan ddefnyddio'r ffurflen sydd ar gael yma. Dylech gwblhau'r ffurflen yn llawn gan gynnwys cyfeirnodau academaidd, eich cais ymchwil ac enw'r aelod o staff academaidd sydd am eich goruchwylio.
Ymgeisio am ysgoloriaethau PhD a hysbysebir gan Brifysgol Bangor
Eich cynnig ymchwil
Mae cynnig ymchwil da yn hanfodol os ydych yn ymgeisio am PhD neu MPhil. Dylai'r cynnig gynnwys:
(i) Trosolwg - rhowch fraslun o'r maes pwnc yr ydych am ymchwilio iddo, a rhoddwch wybodaeth am y dadleuon damcaniaethol, polisi ac empirig y byddwch yn ymdrin â hwy.
(ii) Cynllunio – rhaid i chi ddangos eich bod yn ymwybodol o amserlenni ymchwil, a bod gennych gynllun i reoli'ch gwaith. Rhaid i chi ddangos ei bod yn bosib cyflawni'r ymchwil yn yr amser sydd ar gael.
(iii) Cyfeiriadau llenyddol – rhaid i chi ddangos nad yw'ch maes ymchwil arfaethedig wedi'i astudio o'r blaen. Rhowch gyfeiriadau at erthyglau a thestunau llenyddol sy'n berthnasol i'ch maes astudio chi.
(iv) Methodoleg – rhaid i chi ddangos eich bod yn ymwybodol o'r offer methodolegol sydd ar gael, a nodi pa rai fyddai'n addas i'ch ymchwil chi.
Ymgeisio am ysgoloriaethau PhD a hysbysebir gan Brifysgol Bangor
Mae cyfleoedd i ennill ysgoloriaethau PhD wedi eu hariannu yn codi yn aml drwy gydol y flwyddyn, ac yn cael ei hysbysebu fel cyfleoedd penodol sydd yn gofyn i chi wneud cais ffurfiol. Mae'r broses gwneud cais ar gyfer ysgoloriaethau PhD wedi eu hariannu yn amrywio o ysgol i ysgol felly mae gofyn i chi edrych ar wefan yr ysgol academaidd briodol a dilyn y cyfarwyddiadau sydd ar gael yno. Os ydych yn ansicr o unrhyw ran o'r broses gneud cais, gallwch gysylltu â'r ysgol academaidd briodol yn uniongyrchol am gyngor neu gallwch e-bostio firstname.lastname@example.com
Gallwch nawr wneud cais ar-lein ar gyfer holl raglenni ôl-raddedig trwy ddysgu a rhaglenni ymchwil ôl-raddedig y Brifysgol (gan eithrio TAR, Diploma mewn Therapi Galwedigaethol a DClinPsy).
Myfyrwyr Cartref/UE
Gwneud cais ar-leinGwneud cais ar-lein
- Gallwch wneud cais eich hunain gyda cymorth ein Nodiadau Canllaw ar ymgeisio ar-lein. Rydym yn argymell yn gryf eich bod yn darllen rhain cyn i chi wneud cais ar-lein.
Gyda phwy yr wyf angen cysylltu?
Am wybodaeth bellach neu gyngor am wneud cais, cysylltwch â'r Swyddfa Derbyniadau Ôl-raddedig
E-bost: firstname.lastname@example.com
Ffôn: (01248) 383717
Myfyrwyr Rhyngwladol
Gallwch wneud cais eich hunain neu cysylltu ac Asiant yn eich gwlad am gymorth.
Pryd i wneud cais
Bydd y Brifysgol yn derbyn ceisiadau drwy gydol y flwyddyn ond byddwn yn gyffredinol yn eich annog i anfon eich cais cyn diwedd mis Mehefin. Mae hyn yn rhoi cyfle i chi wneud trefniadau ariannol a/neu lety ac i chi fedru cael gafael ar drawsgrifiadau a geirda os nad ydych wedi eu hanfon gyda'r cais gwreiddiol.
Mwy o Wybodaeth
Cysylltu â ni
Funding for full-time PhD study (tuition fees plus living allowance) is available through a number of sources, including the ESRC, Bangor University, and the School of Psychology, which offers a number of studentships aimed at exceptional candidates from the UK, Europe, and internationally. Our website offers more details on the funding available for PhD students. Funding information and announcements about available studentships are kept up-to-date here.
Application Procedure
We invite applications for our funded studentships at set times throughout the year, both on our website and on http://www.jobs.ac.uk/.
Applications from students who have already obtained funding for their studies are welcome at any time. To make a formal application, please apply using our Online Admissions Service. We strongly recommend you read the Guidance Notes on online application before you start the application process.
Cyrsiau Eraill
- Applied Behaviour Analysis MSc/PGDip/PGCert
- Applied Marketing Science MSc/PGDip/PGCert
- Clinical and Health Psychology MSc/PGDip/PGCert
- Consumer Psychology with Business MSc/PGDip/PGCert
- Counselling MSc/PGDip/PGCert
- Neuroimaging MSc/PGDip/PGCert
- Positive Behaviour Support MSc/PGDip/PGCert
- Principles of Clinical Neuropsychology MSc/PGDip/PGCert
- Psychological Research MSc/PGDip/PGCert
- Psychology MSc/PGDip/PGCert


text:
Libyan authorities have made four arrests in the investigation into the attack on the US consulate in Benghazi where US ambassador and three embassy staff were killed as two of the four Americans killed in the assault on the U.S. Consulate in Benghazi were identified as former Navy SEALs.
A source confirmed to Fox News on Thursday that one of the victims was Tyrone Woods, a 41-year-old former SEAL.
Glen Doherty, a former Navy SEAL from Massachusetts, was also one of the victims of the deadly attack on the US Consulate in Benghazi, a family friend confirmed to Fox News.
Doherty is the latest victim to be identified. The US government earlier confirmed that US Ambassador to Libya Christopher Stevens and Sean Smith, a foreign service information management officer, died in the attack.
The name of the fourth American who died in the attack has not been disclosed.
Meanwhile, Libya's deputy interior minister Wanis al-Sharef told Reuters, "Four men are in custody and we are interrogating them because they are suspected of helping instigate the events at the U.S. consulate."
The Boston Globe first reported that Doherty was among the victims. His sister told the Globe that Doherty, 42, was working for a private company providing security at the time.
A former ski instructor in Utah, Doherty reportedly trained as a sniper and medical officer after joining the Navy SEALs.
He served for seven years before leaving to work at the private security firm.
Al-Sharef said earlier Thursday the Benghazi attack was an organized two-part operation by heavily armed militants.
The attack included a precisely timed raid on a supposedly secret safe house just as Libyan and US security forces were arriving to rescue evacuated consulate staff.
Al-Sharef said on Thursday the attacks were suspected to have been timed to mark the anniversary of the Sept. 11 attacks and that the militants used civilians protesting an anti-Islam film as cover for their action.
With AP


text:
Electricity is an important and precious commodity. It is something we should save and preserve. It also produces less heat, therefore limiting the impact of global warming. This doesn't mean electricity is a negative thing because once electricity was found and harnessed, it was one of the greatest discoveries and it changes the way how the world worked. Since then we have come a long way and everything we used and uses electricity. This includes our lighting and the devices we use such as phones, TV's, radios, air conditioners, phones and computers. It has become such an important necessity; the world cannot function without it. All industries and companies rely on it and every house needs it. Due to this the demand for electricity is very large and it uses a lot of resources. To limit waste and save energy we should all take steps to save energy. The other advantage by saving electricity we have a cheaper electricity bill. Here are some ways to save electricity.
Use the natural lighting for your advantage
During the day time natural lighting should be used as much as possible. By keeping doors and windows open you can have a lot of lighting. Further sun roofs and openings should be used as much as possible. Day time is very bright and we should use that as an advantage rather than switching on all the lights. Building a house with many windows will benefit you in many ways. At times using natural light can be a more effective method of lighting up the place. With natural lights you won't need any other lights and you could call an electrician Buderim and remove all of it.
Solar energy
Solar energy can be a good way to harness the suns energy and turn it into electricity. More and more houses have begun to use a solar system to keep the water warm but it can be used in a way to save on electricity as well. The initial cost may be high to install solar panels but in the long run it would benefit you and save on costs.
Keep things off when not using them
When you're not using a light or you don't require the air conditioner, you should off them. This is one of the main reasons why electricity gets wasted. It is a simple yet effective solution to save electricity and costs. Even when you think you are going out of a room for a minute, switch everything off because in case you forget, everything will be working till you come back.


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Dutch Profiles: Gijs Bakker
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By Aaron Britt –
Gijs Bakker needs little in the way of introduction—the Dutch furniture and jewelry designer founded the wildly influential collective Droog. But this great seven-minute video produced by Dutch Profiles serves as both a primer for the uninitiated and a smart look at how the master approaches his metier. Bakker talks about his take on jewelry design, his life as a teacher, and how young designers must resist the dictates of a uniform "Dutch Design," which he likens to "a kind of aesthetic, a kind of sauce that covers the product." Watch the video below, and if you need a second helping of Gijs, check out our interview from June, 2010.
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text:
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Longoria presented the legendary stage and screen actress with an honorary doctorate of fine arts Wednesday in Los Angeles.
"As you go on to write and direct and produce ... rise above caricature, as she does. Create complete and complicated characters, as she does," Longoria told the audience of students and their family members -- including Denzel Washington, whose son was graduating. She stressed how important it was to her as a young Latina girl to see Moreno lighting up the big screen in "West Side Story."
Moreno took the podium with a little spin and a kick after the "America" song and dance scene from "West Side Story" played on the big screen behind her at the TCL Chinese Theatre.
|Rita Moreno, second from right, waves to the crowd as, from left, Quentin Tarantino and Elvis Mitchell and Eva Longoria, right, applaud during the 2016 AFI Conservatory Commencement at the TCL Chinese Theatre in Los Angeles on Wednesday. (AP-Yonhap)
"All I can figure is that the powers that be are giving me credit for 70 years of not giving up," Moreno said. "The trick is just to live for 84 years and wear them the hell down."
Moreno recalled her discouraging early days in Hollywood where she was called on by studios to play any and every ethnicity -- and how she'd use the same accent for all. She called them "dusky maiden roles," and usually they would involve her character ending up devastated after being rebuffed by white men.
"I had to deliver lines to my white lover like, 'why you love Ula no more?'" Moreno said, referring to the 1955 film "Seven Cities of Gold."
And yet, Moreno said, that those directors and studios "could not succeed in drowning this Puerto Rican." She of course would rise above that early stereotyping, winning Emmys, a Grammy, Tony and Oscar.
Quentin Tarantino was also on hand to pick up an honorary doctorate, laughing about the fact that he never even graduated high school.
"I actually did try to enroll in AFI in the early 80s," he said. "I actually tried to get a job at Grauman's Chinese Theatre and that didn't work out either."
He urged the graduating students to use their work to contribute to the conversation "on race ... on culture ... on America ... on the world ... on politics."
"We need you," he said.


text:
(CNSNews.com) - President Obama has invited Senate Republicans to the White House on Friday afternoon, Sen. Ted Cruz (R-Texas) told a gathering of conservatives in Washington today.
"So after leaving here, I'm going to be going to the White House," he said, drawing big cheers for the double meaning. (Cruz has been widely mentioned as a potential GOP presidential candidate.)
"I will make a request," Cruz told the 2013 Values Voters Summit: "If I'm never seen again, please send a search and rescue team. I very much hope that tomorrow morning I don't wake up among the Syrian rebels." Responding to an audience member, Cruz said, "That's true, they'll talk to us, unlike this administration, you're exactly right."
Cruz then returned to one of his main themes -- Obamacare.
"Listen, none of us know what's going to happen on this Obamacare fight right now. In my view, the House of Representatives needs to keep on doing what it's doing, which is standing strong."
Cruz said that neither he nor Sen. Mike Lee can stop Obamacare. But he also said the House -- and the nation -- are listening to the American people.
"It is because of you, that for the past two months the country has engaged in a national debate about the enormous harms Obamacare is causing; all of the millions of Americans who are losing their jobs, being pushed into part-time work, losing their health insurance.
"It is because of you that the American people are energized."


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It's been absolutely insane, though. I keep thinking about how I'm going to write about this experience, and I honestly don't know if I'll be able to. It's something like I've never ever done and I'm in love with it all.
But the other day, we went to DC and Georgetown and I thought I'd share a few of those pictures!
It was hot as blue blazes, much different than it was in San Francisco! We all wanted to look cute, but didn't want to get too uncomfortable because we'd be walking all day. I wore my favorite shirt dress (from Old Navy!) and was very happy with it all day.
And of course, there's the Capitol in the background.
We also saw the White House! Crunched for time, we took a cab there, took a few pictures, and headed back to our shuttle we were taking to Georgetown.
First of all, let me say that Georgetown is absolutely one of the cutest little cities I've ever seen! I've been to DC a few times before, but never Georgetown. It was so cute and I loved it tons!
Of course, we had to go to Georgetown Cupcake, where the show is filmed. Was the one $3 cupcake worth the 45 minute wait? Maybe not, but saying I did it was worth it all. And it was still good!
But really, how I'd love to live in Georgetown some day. It's the cutest and I'm obsessed!
Right now, I still can't believe I'm here. Philadelphia is absolutely fantastic and Penn is breathtaking and wonderful. Writing this, I'm sitting in the Quad on my laptop, listening to music and talking to other people, and loving every minute of it. I'm not even letting myself think about leaving.
Let's just hope I get through presenting my business plan, that'll be crazy.
with much love,


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- ODBC Drivers
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- Excel Add-Ins
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The CSV Power BI Connector may be licensed individually for use from server applications or through one of our Power BI Desktop Subscriptions. Questions? We're happy to help! Call our office, or email us as at firstname.lastname@example.com.
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text:
A phishing email scam has forced data storage firm Seagate Technology to disclose private employee information, CNBC reported.
Tax information, including Social Security numbers and salaries, for all current and former U.S.-based employees was sent to an unauthorized third party last week, the Cupertino-based company told CNBC in an e-mailed statement.
"The information was sent by an employee who believed the phishing email was a legitimate internal company request...At this point, we have no information to suggest that employee data has been misused, but caution and vigilance are in order."
Seagate added that it had immediately notified the Internal Revenue Service (IRS), which is now actively investigating it along with federal law enforcement.
In an attempt to pacify angry staff, Seagate is offering affected employees a two-year membership to an identity theft protection service developed by Experian.


text: MOVIES Jaden Smith Earned Seven-Figure Salary for 'Karate Kid' (Report) 3:59 PM PDT 5/1/2011 by THR staff FACEBOOK TWITTER EMAIL ME Gareth Cattermole/Getty Images Jaden and Will Smith The actor was 10 years old when he signed on to star in the hit movie. While some 10-year-olds are just happy to get a weekly allowance, Jaden Smith pulled in a whopping seven-figure payday for his hit film The Karate Kid, according to TMZ. The 12-year-old actor, who was only 10 when he signed on the star in the movie, earned a total upfront fee of $1 million, according to his contract, a copy of which TMZ said it had obtained. Smith's back-end deal for the film -- which earned $176.6 million domestically and a total of $359.1 million worldwide -- earned him a $2 million bonus. But, according to TMZ, Smith likely made even more money based on several additional in-contract perks. Smith made his big-screen debut opposite his father, Will Smith, in 2008's The Pursuit of Happyness. His only other film credit is that year's The Day the Earth Stood Still. As The Hollywood Reporter first reported, Cyrus Voris and Ethan Reif (Bulletproof Monk) were tapped by Sony in August to write the sequel to the movie, which also stars Jackie Chan. FACEBOOK TWITTER EMAIL ME THR staff firstname.lastname@example.com @thr


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text:
The car seat of the future has arrived!
It's got all you could want and then some. In 7 colours.
Top Features
- Extended Rear Facing
- i-Size Compliant
- Integrated ISOFIX Base
- 360 degree Rotation for easy access
- Forward facing option from 76cm
- 8 Recline Options
- SIP System and ER-Tech
- 12 Position Headrest
The gb Vaya i-Size Vaya Car Seat is an extended rear facing car seat suitable from birth to 105 cm. This i-size compliant seat features an integrated ISOFIX base for the safest and simplest installation into your car, leaving minimal room for error.
The 360 degree rotation system allows for one hand transformation from rear facing to forward facing and gives easy access in and out of the seat, simply rotate the seat towards you, giving your little one independence to hop out the seat themselves. The Vaya can remain rear facing throughout its use, proven to be the safest direction of travel for your child in the event of a collision, it offers plenty of leg room to ensure a comfy position while keeping them safe. You can even recline the seat to 5 positions in rear facing mode and 3 positions in forward facing, perfect for those little car snoozes. It also gives the option to forward face from 76cm.
The headrest can be adjusted to 12 different positions, allowing the seat to grow as quickly as your little one does, and ensuring they are receiving the maximum protection possible. The Integrated Linear Side Impact Protection System provides protection from side on collisions while the Energy Reduction-Technology reduces forces on the neck in a head-on collision. The forward-facing ER-Tech is activated as the forces reach their full impact in a head-on collision: the headrest slides down, limiting the neck's exposure to the impact forces, then locking into position. Even the shell of the Vaya is energy absorbing, making for a very safe car seat. The gb Vaya is a safe bet and solid investment on your child's safety.
- suitable from birth to 105cm
- rear facing option through entire use
- 360 degree rotation allows for rear or forward facing and easy access
- integrated ISOFIX base installation
- integrated linear side impact protection system (LSIPS)
- 8 recline options for ultimate comfort
- ER energy absorbing technology
- magnetic harness clips for easy buckling
- rotates and reclines with one hand
- 12 position height adjustable headrest
Suitability: from birth to 105cm (approx. 4 Years)
Max weight: 18kg
Dimensions: H 69 x W 44 x D 58cm
ISOFIX installation
We aim to dispatch all 'available for immediate dispatch' orders placed by 12pm the same working day. Exceptions include made to order items for example some nursery furniture or direct ship items sent by the manufacturer directly to the customer. In these cases an approximate delivery schedule is shown next to the product.
Our standard delivery cost is £4.99 for orders under £49.99. Orders over £49.99 is free of charge. Exceptions apply please view our Delivery & Dispatch page for details.
Any items 'available for immediate dispatch' will have the choice of standard delivery (2-3 working days) or express delivery (1-2 working days) this can be selected during the checkout process.
Orders for delivery to Scottish Highlands, UK Islands & Northern Ireland charged seperately. These schedules would exclude made to order and direct ship items. For more information please click here.
We offer a 14 day return policy allowing you to decide if the goods are as expected. During this time you may return the goods at your expense or request collection with our courier company at a cost of £18 per parcel. If the item has been used you will be unable to return the item under distance selling regulations.
Any damage in transit of shortages must be reported with 48 hours of receipt of the goods after this time claims will not be accepted.
Nursery furniture may incur additional charges for return. Assembling furniture constitutes acceptance of the goods.
For more detailed information please read our terms and conditions.


text:
I am a self-respecting woman.
I look people in the eye when I talk
I give my honest opinions
I say no when I don't want offers
I say yes to opportunities
I paint until my fingers chap
And I receive my awards with both hands
I am a self-respecting woman.
And my friends are self-respecting women
But you see, we were self-respecting women in uniforms,
when she was felt up in Daiso
when she was getting tuition
when he followed her off the bus
when he took pictures
when we sat during recess
and he flashed us from the other side of the fence
We were self-respecting women,
when we approached the nearest adults
when they lowered our hemlines
and pulled our skirts over our eyes
I am a self-respecting woman,
Because I, first and foremost, respect myself
And I will not heed your Well-Meaning Advice,
when you have your hand up my shorts,
and your eyes on my neck.


text:
I've edited clips reels and promos showcasing the work of some of the UK's most talented film and TV actors and producers through my work with the Women in Film and Television Awards (WFTV UK) and the Producers Alliance of Cinema and Television (Pact). I've also cut trailers for film festivals and awards ceremonies.
The video here is a trailer I cut for the Underwire Film Festival using clips from the films screening that year.
If you are interested in seeing examples or discussing the possibility of having me edit your showreel or promo, please e-mail me on email@example.com.


text:
Old West M1873 Nickel Cavalry Kolser Pistol
- Quality:
- Flawless
- Availability:
- Usually ships the next business day
- Item #:
Out of stock
The Kolser Old West M1873 Nickel Cavalry Pistol was accurately reproduced with attention to detail and quality with a 7 inch nickel barrel and wooden grips. This replica has working action – cylinder spins, hammer cocks, and trigger pulls. This Kolser replica makes a great display piece, but will also fire caps.
This model will fire caps, but requires the purchase of Kolser Dummy Cap Shells (Item CA-47-001), as well as Ring Caps sold here
Overall Length: 12.5″
Weight: 2.5 pounds
Cap Guns need to be treated like real guns, not toys. Never point at people and keep arm fully extended when firing. Adult supervision required.
This replica firearm is NON-FIRING and cannot be made to fire real ammunition. You must 18 years of age or older to purchase.
California and Kansas: To comply with state law, residents purchasing a replica firearm must also order a frame. Orders will not be processed unless the frame is included in the order.
New York, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Wisconsin, Minnesota, and Puerto Rico: Post- 1898 replica firearms cannot be shipped to these locations (NY and PR have some exceptions).
Canada: We can no longer ship replica firearms to Canada; Customs is seizing all models, no matter the age.
We do not ship replica firearms overseas.
Please refer to our Terms & Conditions for more details.
Please refer to the replica gun safety warning prior to use. For more information, be sure to read our Replica Gun Safety Warning.


text:
We strongly affirm our commitment towards incubating highly talented and motivated teams. Hence, our Human Resource belief is that "People make all the difference". Composites have grown tremendously within a short time and we are able to deliver in this competitive market only because of our people. This makes TAML a great place to work as we are able to bring highly talented people in a collaborative and creative environment and provide an opportunity for global exposure. The Human Resources team recruits personnel from reputed universities, management and engineering institutes in India. New employees are taken through rigorous induction and training programs to hone their business skills, cross functional knowledge and product knowledge. As the organization gears up for rapid growth, our employees have a tremendous opportunity to be a part of this mission. Our Performance Management System, Training and Development are as per best practices in the industry. A focus on Leadership Practices ensures that our employees are encouraged to be future leaders. The Leadership Practices focus on People, Business and Results. We are confident that this testimony is proof enough to motivate you to reach us for a long lasting partnership.
TATA stands for "Leadership with Trust". The Group's growth and businesses continue to be driven by its five core values. They are Integrity, Unity, Excellence, Responsibility and Understanding.
Integrity "We must conduct our business fairly, with honesty and transparency. Everything we do must stand the test of public scrutiny."
Understanding "We must be caring, show respect, compassion and humanity for our colleagues and customers around the world, and always work for the benefit of the communities we serve."
Excellence "We must constantly strive to achieve the highest possible standards in our day-to-day work and in the quality of the goods and services we provide."
Unity "We must work cohesively with our colleagues across the Group & with our customers and partners around the world, building strong relationships based on tolerance, understanding and mutual cooperation."
Responsibility "We must continue to be responsible, sensitive to the countries, communities and environments in which we work, always ensuring that what comes from the people goes back to the people many times over."
These are the TATA Values. They have strong influence on our day-to-day work at TAML. We support these Values and teach our employees to live them. "When values and principles are applied consistently, they become behavioral habits and this enables the fundamental transformation of people, of relationships and of organizations."


text:
Outpatient Rehabilitation
Call 1-800-BASSETT (800-227-7388)
Our fully licensed and certified therapists offer a complete range of outpatient physical therapy services designed to help patients restore strength, movement, and functioning and to prevent disability due to disease, injury, or aging.
- Physical Therapy
- Occupational Therapy
- Speech Therapy
- Hand Therapy
The Department is open from 7:30 a.m. until 4:30 p.m., Monday through Friday. Occupational therapy and speech therapy are available during extended hours by arrangement.
We specialize in:
- Arthritis and other joint problems
- Strains, sprains, and broken bones
- Sports injuries
- Back, head, shoulder & neck problems
- Rehab following surgery, including hip/knee replacement
- Hand therapy
- Osteoporosis
- Stroke recovery
- Neurological conditions
- Communication/language/voice/speech
- Getting you back to work
- STAR Program®, providing cancer patients with specialized care that will allow them to function at the highest levels


text:
Millennials are a generation 68 million strong in the United States, and their interest in socially responsible and sustainable design and architecture is huge.
The next Dallas Architecture Forum event is a panel discussion called The Social Initiative, focusing on this group of Americans born between 1981 and 1996. Moderated by Bob Harris, this panel will look at why Millennials care less about ego, form, or aesthetics in architecture and design, and more about the needs and experiences of people and bridging boundaries among disciplines, demographics, and neighborhoods.
Harris a partner and lead for the Eco-Conservation studio for Lake|Flato Architects in San Antonio. He has more than 20 years of project experience combining award-winning design with sustainable solutions. His work with environmental issues ranges from land preservation advocacy to sustainable urban design. Harris is joined by three panelists:
- Allison Baker, Project Leader at Studio Outside
- Isaac Cohen, Public Designer at bcWORKSHOP
- Amanda Kalescky, Senior Project Coordinator at GFF, Inc.


text:
Welcome to Littleton's premier printing and sign company.
Family owned and operated since 2003.
IMS Printing & Signs works with businesses all over the front range and across the nation, supporting their branding, their message, and their unique presence in Colorado. We provide solutions for your marketing & advertising needs.
IMS Printing & Signs provides Signature Worthy products and services for our clients. Included in our list of offerings are: Large Format Color Graphics, Direct To Substrate Flatbed UV Printing, ADA Braille Signage, Wayfinding Signs, Digital Contour Cutting & Routing, Business Printing, Signs, High Speed Digital Printing, Offset Printing, Professional Layout & Design, Banners, interior and exterior Signage, Vehicle Wraps, Promotional Items, and a number of other quality products and services. We try to offer our clients a one stop approach to the above. When you come to us with a request, we serve as the only contact you will need throughout the entire process. We coordinate the steps, so you don't have to: from concept and design, to print, production and installation. Click on our Portfolio page to see the many ways IMS Colorado Printing and Signs can help your business flourish! Thank you.
Please click on an image below to learn more:


text:
Cisco VP: We're still into FC storage (but FCoE is doing fine)
Cisco VP dishes on the data center switching vendor's plans for 32 Gbps FC, how Fibre Channel over Ethernet is a success and why it doesn't call 16-gig FC "Gen 5."
With the release of its 16 Gbps MDS 9706 Fibre Channel director and MDS 9148S switch last week, Cisco showed it remains invested in storage networking, 12 years after entering the market.
We spoke with Rajeev Bhardwaj, vice president of product management for Cisco's data center switching, about what role the networking giant sees storage playing in today's evolving data center. Topics include Cisco's commitment to Fibre Channel (FC) storage beyond 16 Gbps, Fibre Channel over Ethernet (FCoE) adoption and why Cisco doesn't call 16-gig FC "Gen 5."
How does Cisco look at storage networking today?
Bhardwaj: We are entering an area of massive data growth. From now until 2020, the amount of data we generate will increase by 10 times. So, the obvious question is where is data coming from? If you look at the Internet of Things, big data, devices such as tablets and smartphones, clothing, fridges, cars -- any device that has a sensor can connect to the Internet and generate data. Some estimates say up to 32 billion devices will be connected and translating data.
Mobility, cloud, big data, social -- all of that is creating this unprecedented demand for data. It's a good time to be in the storage industry. From Cisco's perspective, the underlying SAN architecture has to evolve to support this massive data growth.
Where are we in that SAN evolution?
Bhardwaj: If you look at SAN architectures, there is the existing architecture -- the enterprise apps, online transaction processing, database applications and so on. This is like your centralized network storage, block and file connected by FC or Ethernet to your back-end storage. This is traditionally what most of our enterprise customers deploy for their data center applications. That architecture is here to stay and we have to support that.
But, as we go forward, we need to support unstructured data. We see big data and we see scale-out NAS. Think of them as compute nodes embedded by storage in high-performance architecture.
The third architecture we see is object storage, powered by the cloud. This is storage for mobile devices, backup [and] archiving. [It also has] the ability to store pictures.
So, we see three distinct types of SAN architectures that have to be involved. The first one is the enterprise architecture, and that is primarily FC. The second one is big data/scale-out NAS and third is object storage.
What do these architectures mean for the SAN administrator?
Bhardwaj: At Cisco, we believe the fabric, or the SAN, is the common element in all three architectures. We need three key attributes in this evolution. First, most customers are looking for multiprotocol flexibility. There is FC, there is a need to do file, and there is a need to do object. Multiprotocol flexibility becomes extremely important because the data center where the storage is going to hit will have a diversity of data, and we will need an architecture that supports all three protocols.
From a networking protocol standpoint, aren't file storage and object the same? They're both primarily Ethernet.
Bhardwaj: There really is no difference between file and object from a network protocol perspective. The only difference is customers typically deploy file storage locally -- it's in the data center. Object, on the other hand, is more remote. I could have my mobile device [and] my tablet talking object into the cloud. But they both run over the IP protocol.
If everything in most data centers is going to hit the cloud, data centers become mission-critical by definition. So performance and availability become extremely important as we look to combine the LAN and the SAN. No single point of failure is a given, so availability becomes a unique attribute. For performance, we go from 10-gig to 40-gig to 100-gig on the Ethernet side, and from 8-gig to 16-gig to, in the future, 32-gig on the FC side.
The third aspect is scale. If you go back to 2002, a physical server would connect to a SAN switch and your scale was dictated by the number of physical servers connected to the switch. Now, increasingly, we see embedded blade switches and virtual machines, so what ends up happening is [that] we see a lot more devices coming into the infrastructure. The scale becomes important not only from a physical standpoint, but also as a logical scale.
And, because of massive amounts of data and because IT budgets are compressed, we need operational simplification in terms of managing the infrastructure and [ensuring] we have automation so customers can rapidly provision storage.
How does this change the way people buy and deploy storage connectivity?
Bhardwaj: Customers are looking for agility. They want solutions that are pre-validated [and] pre-tested. How do we take compute, network and storage, and combine it together for pre-validated, pre-tested solutions? Examples would be Vblock partnerships with EMC and VMware, and FlexPod partnerships with NetApp and VMware. This is where we've taken our SAN architecture and integrated that into the overall data center architecture.
Cisco's only FC storage-switching rival, Brocade, has talked about having 32-gig FC switches by the end of 2015. Does Cisco have a timetable on when it expects to deliver 32-gig FC?
Bhardwaj: We are monitoring the market. We are in discussions with customers and based on market needs, we'll look at 32-gig as the market evolves.
Brocade and the HBA vendors call their 16-gig FC storage switching Gen 5, and refer to 32-gig as Gen 6. Why hasn't Cisco adopted that terminology?
Bhardwaj: We don't want to confuse the market. Our FC customers have been through the transition from 1-gig to 2-gig, to 4-gig, to 8-gig and now 16-gig. It's easier if we don't change that. We call it 16-gig FC, and the next rev will be 32-gig FC.
A few years back, Cisco was pushing FCoE as a converged protocol for storage networks. Has the FCoE market played out the way you expected?
Bhardwaj: Within our UCS blade systems, FCoE is the default protocol for block storage on top of rack switches. Thirty percent of our Nexus switches have FCoE licenses. We have now refreshed our FCoE capability on the Nexus 7000 modular unified platform, and we've added FCoE on our MDS director platform. From Cisco, you now see end-to-end infrastructure that has FCoE from server access, all the way to the network and back to storage.
Some of our largest customers have deployed end-to-end FCoE. We want to give customers flexibility and choice. We will continue to have a premier FC platform for customers who are happy with it and want to continue to deploy FC storage. There is still a huge, installed base of FC. Customers are looking for both -- they want FCoE, but at the same time, they want bridging capabilities. So, even if my servers are FCoE, my back-end storage is FC.
How much is solid-state storage driving FC storage adoption?
Bhardwaj: We're seeing an increased deployment of FC with flash. They go hand in hand. One of the key benefits of flash is high performance. Typically, flash gets deployed with Tier-1 applications where performance is extremely important.
Cisco is a key player in software-defined networking, but where do you fit with software-defined storage?
Bhardwaj: It's part of how we have to provide operational simplification. For instance, we have hooks built into OpenStack to help customers provision their storage switching in cloud-based solutions. Another thing we've done is integrated with EMC's ViPR. If customers are deploying ViPR for software-defined storage, they need the right set of hooks to configure and manage MDS switches. That piece of work is already there today, and we're doing the same work with IBM as well.
Next Steps
Should you consider FCoE for your networking?
Tips for choosing a storage protocol
FC storage remains protocol of choice