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Systemic wound signaling in plants: A new perception
Related Article
Over 100 species of plants exhibit systemic wound signaling that induces the production of defensive chemicals in leaves and stems (1). The signaling is caused by herbivore attacks and also occurs in response to some pathogens (2–5). The most intensively studied systemic signaling response is that found in species of the Solanaceae family, where a systemic wound signal that is graft transmissible regulates the expression of defensive proteinase inhibitors (PIs) and polyphenol oxidase genes (6) (Fig. 1). On wounding, an 18-aa polypeptide, called systemin (7), interacts with a cell-surface receptor (8, 9) to initiate a signaling cascade that includes the release of linolenic acid (18 carbon atoms) from plant cell membranes and its subsequent conversion to 12 oxo-phytodienoic acid (OPDA; 18 carbon atoms) and jasmonic acid (JA; 12 carbon atoms) (10) through the well known octadecanoid pathway (11). JA activates the expression of several signaling pathway genes that up-regulate JA synthesis and the production of H2O2 (12) leading to the synthesis of PIs. OPDA and JA synthesis is analogous to elements of the inflammatory pathway in animals in which arachidonic acid (20 carbon atoms) is converted to prostaglandins (13). Systemin is considered a mobile long-distance signal, and OPDA isomers (14) and JA have been considered to be localized signals produced in target cells. Li et al., in a recent issue of PNAS (15), use two mutants defective in the wound-signaling pathway to provide evidence that JA or a derivative may also act as a long-distance transmissible signal for wound signaling.
Jasmonic acid or a derivative may act as a long-distance transmissible signal for wound signaling.
Systemin is produced from the C-terminal region of a 200-aa precursor called prosystemin (16) and is active at femtomols per plant in inducing proteinase inhibitor synthesis in young excised tomato plants (6). When radioactive systemin is applied directly to wounds, it is found in the phloem, where it is thought to be transported through the plant (6, 17). How far systemin can travel in the phloem and how it would be transported from the phloem to the outside of distal leaf cells to activate defense genes have not been established. However, systemin does plays a key role in long-distance signaling, because tomato plants transformed with an antisense prosystemin gene do not exhibit a systemic wound response (16). Conversely, tomato plants transformed with the prosystemin gene in its correct orientation under the 35S CaMV promoter (called prosystemin sense plants) produce prosystemin in leaves throughout the plants. Systemin is apparently released constitutively, and the plants behave as if they were in a permanently wounded state, producing, with time, extraordinarily high levels of PIs in leaves in the absence of wounding (18). Wild-type plants grafted as scions onto sense plant rootstocks also express high levels of defense genes in the absence of wounding, indicating that a systemic signal (systemin) is produced by the sense rootstocks and is transported to the scions (18).
In similar grafting experiments, Li et al. (15) further investigated signal transmission by using two mutant tomato lines (19, 20), spr-2 and jai-12. The spr-2 plants are deficient in signaling the wound-induced systemic expression of PI genes, but the genes are expressed when the plants are exposed to methyl jasmonate (MeJA) or JA, indicating that the plants have a lesion in the octadecanoid pathway upstream from JA. The jai-12 plants are deficient in jasmonate perception, or a component involved in JA signaling, and they are only weakly active in expressing PI genes in response to wounding or MeJA/JA treatments. The authors (15) initially used several combinations of grafted wild-type spr-2, and jai-12 plants as either scions or rootstocks. The rootstock leaves were wounded, and the leaves of both the rootstocks and scions were assayed for inducible PI-II mRNA and protein to determine whether a transmissible signal would pass through the graft. They found that wounding the jai-12 rootstocks sent a transmissible signal to wild-type scions, but jai-12 scions grafted to wounded wild-type rootstocks did not induce PIs. These results were in accord with the defect of the jai-12 plants being deficient in JA perception, with respect to PI synthesis, but being able to produce large amounts of JA to signal PI synthesis in wild-type scions. When wild-type plants were used as scions on spr-2 rootstocks, no transmissible signal was generated when the spr-2 leaves were wounded. On the other hand, spr-2 scions responded to wounds on wild-type rootstocks by producing PI-II mRNA and protein.
The authors (15) then grafted spr-2 and jai-12 as scions onto prosystemin sense plant rootstocks, which can send a transmissible signal to wild-type plants. The spr-2 scions received the signal and accumulated PI-II protein, but the jai-12 mutant plants did not, again indicating that the transmissible signal through the graft junction could be JA or a related oxylipin.
In wild-type tomato plants, after a single wound, the systemic activation of defense genes is maintained for several hours. It seems unlikely that any signal could survive that long without amplification. In prosystemin sense plants, this would not seem to be a problem, because a low continual source of systemin is apparently generated constitutively, which could account for the transmissible signal over several days. But how do singly wounded wild-type plants maintain a long-term distal response? One possibility is that enough JA is synthesized at a single wound site in response to systemin and from damaged membranes and is transported throughout the plant to signal and maintain gene expression for several hours. A more attractive hypothesis is that wild-type plants can amplify the signal (21). Both systemin and JA are released at wound sites, systemin being processed from prosystemin and JA initially produced from the degradation of membranes, releasing linolenic acid, the precursor of JA. Both systemin and JA would move away from the site in a systemic manner, but with the smaller soluble JA likely being more mobile. Systemin would generate more JA, resulting in the amplification of systemin and oxylipins as a cascade along the stems and petioles. The process would eventually be limited by the presence of extracellular systemin-inactivating enzymes (22). A signal cascade initiated in a wounded wild-type rootstock grafted to an spr-2 scion would amplify all of the signals through the vascular bundles to the graft junction but could not proceed along the spr-2 stem. JA synthesis would continue in the leaves and stems of the rootstock, producing oxylipins that would be transmitted to the spr-2 scion for a much longer period than could be achieved by a single wound.
Several observations support the amplification hypothesis, including the requirement for the expression of the prosystemin gene for systemic wound signaling, the timing for the development of maximal transmission of the signal(s) out of the wounded leaf (approximately 60–90 min) (23), and the wound-induced expression of prosystemin in vascular bundles (21), specifically in phloem parenchyma cells (J. N.-V. and C.A.R, unpublished work). Several of the early wound- and JA-inducible genes are proteinases (13) that are candidates for processing prosystemin to systemin for export to the apoplast for interaction with its receptor to amplify signaling. The identification of the defective genes spr-2 and in jai-12 should contribute importantly to the understanding of the relationships of systemin and oxylipins in signaling the systemic wound response.
The report by Li et al. (15) has provided a fundamentally novel insight into the signaling cascade. The use of the two mutants in simple grafting experiments demonstrates the simplicity of experimental design that can provide clues to evaluate the complex biochemistry of wound signaling. The signaling pathway is complex and involves multiple organs, cell types, compartments, and signals. Although much has been learned about the signaling pathway, both the genetic and biochemical approaches will continue to be required to integrate knowledge of the various parts of the signaling pathway and to learn how nature has evolved such an elegant process in plants to defend against attacking herbivores and pathogens.
- Copyright © 2002, The National Academy of Sciences
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text: M.D. Johnson - June 14, 2018 Best Ways to Target Summer Smallmouth Bass Summertime temps push smallies deep, but with the right gear and approach, you can bring in plenty of fish. (Photo by Ron Sinfelt) Summertime temps push smallies deep, but with the right gear and approach, you can bring in plenty of fish. (Photo by Ron Sinfelt) Change your techniques to stay ahead of the game and catch more smallmouth bass this summer.If your heart doesn't skip a beat when a smallmouth bass grabs your lure, you better check your pulse. These bronze beauties are among the hardest-fighting fish in fresh water.And, good news, summer is a great time to go after them — especially if you fish the right spots with the latest tactics. Here's how to make it happen. WAYS OF THE SMALLMOUTH BASS Smallies spawn in shallow water in late spring and early summer, when water temperatures reach 60 degrees or more. This is after walleyes and northern pike, but about the same time as other members of the sunfish family, including bluegills and largemouth bass.Male bass linger near spawning beds to guard eggs and newly hatched fry, but as July rolls around, fish are settled into post-spawn patterns. Smaller 1- to 2-pound fish feed in depths of 3 to 8 feet. Bigger fish may go shallow when conditions are right, but consistently catching beefier bronzebacks often means deeper water.Broad-shouldered bass often stage in 10 to 15 feet of water during the early post-spawn, roaming rocky structure for crayfish, baitfish and large aquatic insects. Going into July and August, the big bite typically moves even deeper, and often farther from shore. Often, summer smallies seem to be here, there and everywhere, but some places always yield consistent hookups. "In general, the fish are set up a little deeper than they were earlier in the season," says Wired2Fish's Ryan DeChaine, who devotes countless hours each season to chasing smallmouths. "The fish spend less time near the surface, although insect hatches can draw them up."Some of the best spots are rocky humps topping out 15 to 20 feet beneath the surface," he continues. "The best humps typically offer a nice mix of different rock sizes, up to and including giant boulders, which are absolute bass magnets. Some form of woody cover, like a laydown, log or old cedar tree, sweetens the pot even more."FIND SMALLMOUTH BASS FAST High-quality sonar and GPS greatly speed up the search process. Start by reviewing lake maps before you leave home. Identify potential hotspots such as reefs, points and humps in your target depth range, and plug coordinates into your plotter to speed up the water recon.When you hit the lake, scan these areas for fish and forage with sonar, and assess the overall quality of the structure."I rely on Humminbird's new high-frequency MEGA Imaging, which paints an amazingly detailed picture of what's under the surface, including rock sizes, bottom hardness transitions and bass," DeChaine says.Scanning each piece of structure, note boulders, timber, isolated weed patches, funnels and other holding areas. Mark them for further exploration later this season and in years to come. Marking points of interest with icons or names that will jog your memory helps you remember why you dropped a waypoint over there in the first place. Factor boat position into the equation. Plot angles of attack and where to pin the boat while probing prime lies with your favorite summer smallie presentations. Remember, factors such as waves, wind and the sun's position can affect how bass position themselves on or near structure and cover.Fishing's the best way to confirm theories about potential honey holes. Often, fast-moving lures like a crankbait, spinnerbait or heavy, bottom-bouncing jig shine here. You can always slow down once you locate bass.Smallmouth Bass in Space TIMELY SMALLMOUTH BASS TACTICSMinnow-imitating jerkbaits, tube jigs and drop-shot rigs are all standard fare for summer smallies. But DeChaine adds another presentation to the mix."Last season I adapted the Gene Larew Biffle Bug and Hardhead jig system to fit my style of fishing offshore summer smallmouths," he begins, explaining that the Biffle method, popularized by bass pro Tommy Biffle, features a bug- or beaver-style soft-plastic bait bumping quickly and erratically along bottom, like a deep-running crankbait."It's a great method of covering water and triggering reaction strikes from bass in a variety of settings," he says. "For best results in the areas I fish, I replaced the Hardhead with a VMC Swingin' Rugby Jig, tipped with a 4-inch paddletail swimbait. The combination mimics smallmouth forage, such as crayfish and baitfish like gobies and darter-type minnows."DeChaine chooses plastics with ample tail action yet little body movement. "Swimbaits with a full-body wag tend to rise off bottom at slower speeds than baits with most of the action in the tail, like the Megabass Spark Shad," he says. "Whichever jig and softbait combo you choose, position the jig's hook at the center of the bait — in position for a solid hookset when bass attack."Smallmouth Bass articles from G&F Tactics to Catch More River Smallmouth In June California Smallmouth Bass Trophy Destinations 2018 Fly Fishing for Smallmouth BassDeChaine fishes this on a 6- to 7-foot, 2-inch medium-heavy rod with a high-speed reel with 15-pound fluorocarbon. To present the bait, he makes a long cast and lets the jig fall to the bottom. "I keep the rod at a 45-degree angle to the water and retrieve the jig quickly along the bottom, allowing it to careen off obstacles," he says.Strikes often register as a lack of weight or bait movement as bass overtake and inhale the jig. "Test the bite by speed-reeling to load up the rod," he says. "If you feel the weight of a fish, make a sweeping hookset while continuing to reel. Then hang on."DeChaine notes that repeating productive casts is critical to milking the most fish possible from an underwater sweet spot or aggressive school of bass. "Once you dial in the right depth, location and casting angle for attacking it, repeat the program until the spot runs out of biters," he says. Get Your Fish On. Plan your next fishing and boating adventure here. GET THE NEWSLETTER Join the List and Never Miss a Thing. Sign Me Up

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Nuance BB Featured in AANR Bulletin
Solarium-Finishing Touches
Nuance Innkeeper Elected Chair of Naturist Action Committee
Bill Schroer, Innkeeper at Nuance Naturist B&B and longtime naturist/advocate has been elected to the Naturist Action Committee (the advocacy arm of the Naturist Society). At the recent annual meeting of the NAC Bill was voted in as Chairman. He expressed his appreciation and continued dedication to pursue acceptance of…


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Used 2016 Ford F-150 XLT 4WD STOCK NO. 29522
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Used 2016 Ford F-150, DESIRABLE FEATURES: 4X4, APPLE CARPLAY, ANDROID AUTO, BLUETOOTH, NAV, HTD SEATS, REMOTE START, PANO SUNROOF, BACKUP CAM, SYNC 3, VOICE CONTROLS, SIRIUS XM, RADAR SENSING, TOW PKG, USB, AUX PORT, KEYLESS ENTRY, RUNNING BOARDS.
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MECHANICAL FEATURES: Scores 23.0 Highway MPG and 17.0 City MPG! This Ford F-150 comes Factory equipped with an impressive 8cyl, 5.0l, 385.0hp engine, an automatic transmission. Other Installed Mechanical Features Include Power Rear Sliding Window, Power Windows, Trailer Brake System, Trailer / Tow Package, Heated Mirrors, Four Wheel Drive, Adjustable Pedals, Traction Control, Power Locks, Front Tow Hooks, Power Mirrors, Spare Tire (Full Size), Telescoping Wheel, Flexible Fuel Capability, Auto Transmission with Manual Mode, Cruise Control, Tire Pressure Monitoring System, Disc Brakes, Gasoline Engine, Locking Rear Differential, Intermittent Wipers, Power Steering, Tachometer, Inside Hood Release, Trip Computer
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Calderdale College – Early College Transfer for Home Educated 14-16 year olds.
Tag Archives: GCSEs
Lewisham Southwark College free 14+ home ed GCSE course Sep 2017
Home ed 14-16s Telford College Arts Technology Sep 2017
Telford College of Arts and Technology in Shropshire is looking at offering free courses exclusively for home educated 14-16s, with GCSEs or Functional Skills in ENGLISH and MATHS (and potentially Science and IT)
Home Ed 14-16 Central and New College Nottingham 2017-18
For home educators, Central College and New College Nottingham offer the following free courses starting in September 2017. Edited June 9th 2017 to note merger of colleges and updated course availability. Continue reading
Central College Nottingham 14-16 September 2016
Home Education Birmingham Scrutiny Committee
where will home educated children in Wales be able to sit exams in future
The Welsh Government wants GCSEs which are exclusive to Wales and the Welsh exam board WJEC is the only awarding body which is approved for these new qualifications. Continue reading


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REPORTING FOR 2020-01-06 | WCX19.ORG: We have done an in-depth analysis of how PETX has been trading over the last 2 weeks and the past day especially. On its latest session, Aratana Therapeutics, Inc. (NASDAQ:PETX) opened at 4.92, reaching a high of 4.92 and a low of 4.92 before closing at a price of 4.92. There was a total volume of 8966773.0.
VOLUME INDICATORS FOR ARATANA THERAPEUTICS, INC. (NASDAQ:PETX): We saw an accumulation-distribution index of 11.07, an on-balance volume of -4.92, chaikin money flow of 1.125 and a force index of -0.0012. There was an ease of movement rating of -0.00081, a volume-price trend of 0.67254 and a negative volume index of 1000.0.
VOLATILITY INDICATORS FOR ARATANA THERAPEUTICS, INC. (NASDAQ:PETX): We noted an average true range of 0.10692, bolinger bands of 4.95657, an upper bollinger band of 4.84343, lower bollinger band of 4.92, a bollinger high band indicator of 1.0, bollinger low band indicator of 1.0, a central keltner channel of 4.92, high band keltner channel of 4.92, low band keltner channel of 4.92, a high band keltner channel indicator of 1.0 and a low band keltner channel indicator of 1.0. There was a donchian channel high band of 4.92, a donchian channel low band of 4.92, a donchian channel high band indicator of 1.0, and a donchian channel low band indicator of 1.0.
TREND INDICATORS FOR ARATANA THERAPEUTICS, INC. (NASDAQ:PETX): We calculated a Moving Average Convergence Divergence (MACD) of -0.0009, a MACD signal of -0.0005, a MACD difference of -0.0004, a fast Exponential Moving Average (EMA) indicator of 4.92, a slow Exponential Moving Average (EMA) indicator of 4.92, an Average Directional Movement Index (ADX) of unknown, an ADX positive of 20.0, an ADX negative of 20.0, a positive Vortex Indicator (VI) of 1.0, a negative VI of 1.0, a trend vortex difference of 0.30028, a trix of 7.59971, a Mass Index (MI) of 1.8, a Commodity Channel Index (CCI) of 66.66667, a Detrended Price Oscillator (DPO) of -0.58953, a KST Oscillator (KST) of 136.13639 and a KST Oscillator (KST Signal) of 136.13639 (leaving a KST difference of -2.30922). We also found an Ichimoku rating of 4.92, an Ichimoku B rating of 4.92, a Ichimoku visual trend A of 4.51911, an Ichimoku visual trend B of 4.66738, an Aroon Indicator (AI) up of 4.0 and an AI indicator down of 4.0. That left a difference of -4.0.
MOMENTUM INDICATORS FOR ARATANA THERAPEUTICS, INC. (NASDAQ:PETX): We found a Relative Strength Index (RSI) of 50.0, a Money Flow Index (MFI) of 100.0, a True Strength Index (TSI) of 100.0, an ultimate oscillator of 100.0, a stochastic oscillator of 50.0, a stochastic oscillator signal of 50.0, a Williams %R rating of -50.0 and an awesome oscillator of 0.01833.
RETURNS FOR ARATANA THERAPEUTICS, INC. (NASDAQ:PETX): There was a daily return of 13.61364, a daily log return of -0.81633 and a cumulative return of -0.81301.
What the heck does all of this mean? If you are new to technical analysis, the above may be gibberish to you, and that's OK (though we do advise learning these things). The bottom line is that AS OF 2020-01-06 (if you are reading this later, the analysis will be out of date), here is what our deep analysis of technical indicators are telling us for Aratana Therapeutics, Inc. (NASDAQ:PETX)…
DISCLAIMER: We are not registered investment advisers and the above analysis should be taken at face value only. We strongly advise against buying or selling Aratana Therapeutics, Inc. (NASDAQ:PETX) based solely on our analysis above, and are not responsible for any losses that you may incur if you choose make any investment decisions based on the above.


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Toro Energy passes latest Wiluna milestone
THE BOURSE WHISPERER: Toro Energy (ASX: TOE) has ticked off another important box as it progresses development of the company's wholly-owned Wiluna uranium project in Western Australia.
Toro announced the Western Australian Environmental Protection Authority (EPA) has approved the Environmental Scoping Document (ESD) for the project extension.
The EPA received 27 submissions following a two-week public review of the ESD in October 2014 and its approval follows Toro's responses to the submissions.
The approvals follow major environmental approvals from the Western Australian and Federal governments to establish a processing facility and commence mining two of Wiluna's deposits, Centipede and Lake Way.
The ESD provided information about Toro's plans to integrate two additional deposits at Millipede and Lake Maitland into an extended Wiluna project.
Toro explained the purpose of the ESD is to identify the key environmental issues to be addressed during further government assessment of the project, and to identify the work required to complete the environmental review.
"The EPA's approval of the ESD will allow Toro to continue preparation of the Public Environmental Review (PER) as the next step in the assessment process," Toro Energy managing director Dr Vanessa Guthrie said in the company's announcement to the Australian Securities Exchange.
"The EPA has determined that the PER should be open for public review for a 12-week period and Toro is planning to release this document in mid-2015."
Toro considers the PER to be a further opportunity to consult with the community about plans for the wider Wiluna project, where it can explain how development of the Millipede and Lake Maitland deposits can be undertaken with the environment and local and regional communities in mind.
Toro said it looks forward to further consultation with the community about its extended project and remains confident that a rigorous government environmental assessment for Millipede and Lake Maitland can be completed during 2016.
Email: email@example.com
Website: www.toroenergy.com.au


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Jobs at Momentum Staffing Group
View all jobs
HPLC Chemist
Naperville, IL
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A leading pharmaceutical company is looking to add several experienced chemists to their growing team.
This position offers candidates exposure to the pharmaceutical industry, ample analytical experience, and opportunity for growth within the organization.
Candidates will be responsible for:
Quality control analysis on raw material and in-process samples
Utilizing HPLC, GC and FTIR instrumentation
Adhering to cGLP/cGMP documentation standards according to FDA regulations
Participating in analytical method development/validation projects primarily focused on HPLC and GC methods
BS in Chemistry, Biochemistry, or related science
1-3 years of experience with GC or HPLC (highly preferred)
A strong work ethic, positive attitude, and attention to detail
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Entry Level Pharmaceutical Biologist
Experienced Chemist
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HPLC Chemist
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|Pack Size
Sweet Meadow Conditioning Mix is a tasty, top quality muesli mix which provides extra calories from high levels of digestible fibre and oil to support muscle tone and condition. Soya oil and Alfalfa are included in the mix to provide a source of good quality oil and protein to help promote topline and outstanding coat condition.
Conditioning mix can be fed in varying amounts to the majority of horses regardless of work or age whenever additional condition is required. All cereals used have been micronized to ensure that the starch content is as digestible as possible.
"Condition without excitability"
|Nutritional Information
|Oil: 6%, Protein: 11%, Fibre: 13%, Ash: 7%


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Pakistan Navy's submarine to upgrade by STM
Turkish defence contractor Savunma Teknolojileri Mühendislik ve Ticaret A.Ş. (STM) has won a new contract to carry out the Pakistan Navy's Agosta 90B-class submarine modernisation project.
The contract was signed by senior representatives of the Pakistan Ministry of Defense Production and STM last month. the first submarine will be delivered in 2020, while the other submarines are expected to have their modernisations completed with intervals of one year between them.
In addition to the design, engineering and procurement activities to be carried out as part of the project, STM will also provide integrated logistic support and training services to different units of the Pakistan Navy.
The modernisation works will include the replacement of the submarine's entire sonar suite, periscope systems, command and control system, radar and electronic support systems. HAVELSAN- and ASELSAN-made systems will also be exported as part of the project.


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Today is the last day of the annual World Doula Week. Every year, since 2011, the World Doula Week has aimed to empower doulas to improve all aspects of pregnancy, birth and the post-partum period for women, their babies, and their partners. You can find out more about World Doula Week here!
During the past week, I have been working on some new classes and services that I will start offering the Tokyo/Japan English-speaking community. Stay tuned for more info coming soon!


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Welcome to Lexon Europe storeWe are currently shipping to the following countries: Germany, Belgium, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Ireland, Austria, Spain, Italy, Liechtenstein, Danemark, Finland, Portugal, Sweden and Norway.
For order shipping to France, please visit our French Store.
For other countries, we are working on expanding to more regions very soon. Sign up to be notified about our new store launches:
Designer and architect, he has collaborated with Lexon for more than ten years. Grand Prize National Industrial Design, he received two Compas d'Or in Italy, the Gabriel Prize, the Medal of Art and Industry in France, the Design Plus Award and several times the Form Design Award in Germany and New York Accent Design in the USA. Many of his creations are part of the collections of the National Museum of Modern Art, the Museum of Decorative Arts, the National Fund of Contemporary Art. They are also in the permanent collection of NewYork's MoMA.
"My collaboration with Lexon gave me the opportunity to develop an object design in many areas and in a truly industrial production setting. Personal accessories, objects for the home, garden, office, travel or leisure. An impressive number of projects, all included in a coherent unit. "
Tykho Radio was created (almost 20 years ago) for listening to the Morning News whilst your were brushing your teeth, Tykho Booster and Tykho Speaker Bluetooth speakers were created for listening to music anytime and anywhere, indoor or outdoor.


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Music Stands
Check out our range of music stands suitable for all kinds of instruments. Prices start at £10.49 with next day delivery available.
Music stands are an important part of any practice setup and having the right one can make life a lot easier. These music stands are fully adjustable and suitable for musicians playing any instrument. The cheaper foldable stands are a great budget option and very useful for anyone who travels with their stand regularly and wants to be able to carry it in one had. The larger orchestral stands break down into two pieces but the upper half is a solid panel that can not be folded away making it a little more cumbersome to transport.
What the larger orchestral stand lacks in portability it makes up for instability with the rigid back plate of the upper section ensuring your book or sheet music stays where you want it to. Orchestral stands are also larger allowing for more pages to be visible at once and therefore less page turning may be required.
With drums its important to have a stand you can manoeuvre into almost any spot as unlike other instruments, you can not easily bring the drums over to a misplaced stand. Each of the stands listed here should offer the flexibility needed for almost any drummers setup.


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News Release: ArFB applauds House passage of USMCA
Arkansas Farm Bureau thanked the Arkansas Congressional delegation for their support of the U.S.-Mexico-Canada Agreement, or USMCA, which passed the House of Representatives Thursday after a lengthy delay.
"This has been a long time coming," said Rich Hillman, newly elected president of the Arkansas Farm Bureau. "We first reached a general agreement on USMCA more than a year ago, but we had been unable to get ratification from Washington until today.
"The Arkansas Farm Bureau has been very vocal with the members of our Congressional delegation, reinforcing to them the need for ratification. In fact, just two weeks ago at our state convention, our delegates reiterated the importance of getting this trade agreement ratified as quickly as possible.
"USMCA will bring needed stability to the agricultural marketplace. And we are thankful that all four members of the Arkansas House delegation voted for ratification."
Canada and Mexico are the nation's two largest agricultural trading partners, totaling a combined $40 billion in 2018. In fact, more than 29 percent of all U.S. farm and food exports went to our North American neighbors last year.
"We believe USMCA will make a good trade relationship even better," said Hillman. "This agreement ensures preferential market access for U.S. ag exporters and affirms commitments to fair and science-based trade rules."
Top U.S. ag exports to Canada and Mexico include corn ($3.4 billion), prepared foods ($2.7 billion, fresh fruit ($2.2 billion) and soybeans ($2.1 billion). The largest agriculture exports from Arkansas to Mexico and Canada are poultry, rice and wood products.
Arkansas Farm Bureau to improve farm and rural life. With almost 190,000 member families, ArFB is the state's largest agricultural advocacy group, representing roughly 1 in 4 Arkansans.
For more information, contact:
Steve Eddington
(501) 228-1383
Rob Anderson
(501) 228-1640


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People in their later years are more susceptible to degenerative disc disease (DDD). This is because of the daily wear…Read more
Category: Chiropractor near you
Looking for a chiropractor near you? Tebby Chiropractic and Sports Medicine Clinic is close by in Charlotte, Pineville, Matthews and Ballantyne. Make an appointment by calling 704-541-7111.
The Best Charlotte, NC Chiropractor Near Me
Finding A Chiropractor Near Me in Charlotte NC Have you been asking yourself, "where can I find a chiropractor near…Read more
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4 Ways Chiropractic Care Can Benefit High School Sports Injuries And Athletes
Sports Injuries and Athletes Football, basketball, hockey, lacrosse are some of the various sports that students in North Carolina play….Read more
The Cost of Chiropractic Care – What to Know
Cost Effective of Chiropractic Healthcare Over recent years, there has been an influx of self-care treatments and trends wherein people…Read more
Chiropractors Tell You Not To Ignore Back Pain – Here is Why
Chiropractors treat a very common conditions such as back pain and is something that almost everyone experiences, affecting about…Read more
Tebby Chiropractic Clinic Helps Individuals With Whiplash From Automobile Accidents
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Our Recommended Treatments After Being Involved in a Car Accident
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Treating Carpal Tunnel Caused by an Auto Accident – What to Know
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at 2 Creek st, Coolangatta, 4225 Australia
Beaches On Kirra Cafe & Beach Bar opposite the famous Kirra Beach open for Breakfast, Lunch and Dinner with daily specials for an exciting choose of food.
Beaches On Kirra Cafe & Beach Bar is one of the Gold Coasts great destination places situated under the iconic Kirra Surf Building and across from Kirra Beach. We are a short walk to Coolangatta domestic and international airport. Matthew & Cristina Hale purchased Le Monde Kirra Cafe after 3 years and re branded it to Beaches On Kirra Cafe & Beach Bar. " Our goal is simple, to be the Gold Coasts favorite place for coffee, great food & drinks and the best live music around. With a friendly casual atmosphere for both locals and tourists to enjoy." Beaches On Kirra have one of the best function room facilities on the Gold Coast with views overlooking Kirra Beach. It is ideal for weddings, Birthdays, corporate meetings or just a fun party day or night. Come on in and enjoy the new Beaches On Kirra relax feel at home and remember "It's The Place To Be".
Public transport to the door
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Cranberry Craze Scented Pillar Candle
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Our Cranberry Craze red scented pillar candle is uniquely handcrafted in shades of red and deep cranberry. This unique chunk top, scented pillar candle is highly fragranced with cranberry and rose, offering a very nurturing aromatherapy experience, and sure to accent any home decor. Each scented pillar candle is Made in the USA and sprinkled with a little fairy dust, giving it a unique sparkling finish. Burn time approx. 12 hours per inch.
Simply light, relax, and Enjoy


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About this site
KAP Biology Teachers Workshop Summer
References list
Ten tips for reading research articles
This website is a collaboration with contributions from faculty,
Library and Information Services, and students at Kenyon College.
The project was conceived and developed by Chris Gillen, Associate
Professor of Biology and Jasmine Vaughan, Librarian and Technology
Bethany Lye '03, a Biology and English major, edited the lessons
and wrote portions of the Methods lesson.
In today's world, almost everyone is faced with the need to interpret
scientific work and make decisions based on scientific information.
These decisions may regard the health care of a loved one, the proper
nutritional supplement to take, or whether to invest in a biotech
The ability to read and understand the primary scientific literature
is probably the most important step towards evaluating scientific
information. Relying on secondary reports can be unsatisfactory.
Furthermore, properly understanding and interpreting secondary reports
requires some experience with reading and evaluating primary literature.
Although exposing students to the primary scientific literature
is a laudable objective, reading primary scientific papers is an
extremely difficult process.
The tutorial is intended to introduce non-majors and beginning
biology majors to the most effective ways to read and evaluate primary
biology literature. It emphasizes understanding the structure of
scientific papers, identifying hypotheses, examining experimental
designs, and interpreting graphs. In order to promote reflection
on the application of these critical reading skills to life outside
of the introductory or non-major course, pages with questions for
reflection and discussion are included in each lesson.
Financial support for this project was provided by the Andrew W.
Mellon Integrating Information Literacy Into the Curriculum grant,
awarded to the Five Colleges of Ohio. Beth Lye was also partly supported
by a Howard Hughes Medical Institute grant to Kenyon College. The
American Physiological Society granted permission to make links
to the Journal of Applied Physiology papers used on this site.
We acknowledge the helpful comments from students, other educators,
and two anonymous reviewers for the APS Archive of Teaching Resources
The site was conceived during Spring 2002, and created during Summer
2002 and Spring 2003. In Spring 2003, the tutorial was integrated
into the curriculum of Biology 105: Biology of Exercise. Students
were required to complete a lesson, including a short homework,
before class. During class, the topics were discussed and small
group exercises were completed.


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Kitchen Demo With Bryant Terry
Bryant Terryopens a new window is a James Beard Foundation Leadership Awardopens a new window-winning chef, educator, TED Talk alumnusopens a new window, and author renowned for his activism to create a healthy, just, and sustainable food system. He is currently the Chef-in-Residenceopens a new window at the Museum of the African Diaspora (MoAD)opens a new window in San Francisco where he creates programming that celebrates the intersection of food, farming, health, activism, art, culture, and the African Diaspora. His work has been featured in The New York Timesopens a new window, The Washington Postopens a new window, The San Francisco Chronicleopens a new window, and All Things Consideredopens a new window among many other publications. Fast Companyopens a new window magazine named Bryant one of "9 People Who Are Changing the Future of Food" in their April 2016 issue.
- Saturday, February 17, 2018 at 2:00PM - East Palo Alto Library
- Tuesday, February 27, 2018 at 6:00PM - Millbrae Library
Black History Month Kick-Off Event
Join us at the East Palo Alto Library for our kick-off event. Opening remarks provided by members of the East Palo Alto City Councilopens a new window and East Palo Alto community leaders. Activities for all ages include a black history storytime, family crafts, and music beat making followed by a library community outreach reception. Finally, we'll end with a special celebration of black excellence and drums. Light snacks will be provided.
Reading With Award Winning Author and Poet Charif Shanahan
Charif Shanahanopens a new window is the author of Into Each Room We Enter without Knowing (SIU Press, 2017), winner of the 2015 Crab Orchard Series in Poetry First Book Awardopens a new window. He has received awards and fellowships from the Academy of American Poetsopens a new window, the Cave Canem Foundationopens a new window, The Frost Placeopens a new window, the Fulbright Programopens a new window, The Millay Colony for the Artsopens a new window, and The Starworks Foundation, as well as three nominations for the Puschart Prizeopens a new window. He is currently a Wallace Stegner Fellowopens a new window in poetry at Stanford University.
Quinn Deveaux and the Blue Beat Review
Join blue beat musician Quinn DeVeauxopens a new window as he brings his infectious rhythms and danceable beats to San Mateo County Libraries.
- Thursday, February 1, 2018 at 6:30PM - East Palo Alto Library
- Wednesday, February 7, 2018 at 6:00PM - Millbrae Library
Take a look at our full list of events for Black History Month and come join us in the celebration.
Which event(s) will you be joining us at? Let us know below.


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4 players whose careers blossomed after leaving KKR
- These players went on to have successful careers playing for other franchises in the league.
Kolkata Knight Riders are one of the most talented and popular IPL franchises and are known for their consistency in the league. They are a two-time IPL champion and made it to the playoffs six times.
Some of the greatest cricketing legends donned KKR's jersey and played for the franchise. However, they did not enjoy the kind of success they should have enjoyed, during their time with the franchise.
Fortunately, after leaving KKR, they went on to have great seasons with other franchises and made an impact on the team. Through the course of this article, let us take a look at four players whose careers blossomed after leaving KKR.
#4 Moises Henriques
Moises Henriques entered the league when he was selected by the Kolkata Knight Riders in 2009 for $300,000. He got only limited opportunities as he featured in just 4 matches but has shown everyone that has the talent and skill to make it big in the league.
He was later traded to Delhi Daredevils in 2010, in exchange for Manoj Tiwary. The story was same as he only featured in one game and was not given chances to prove himself. After a decent season with RCB in 2013, he was picked up by Sunrisers Hyderabad and that changed his fate forever.
He spent four seasons with the franchise and quickly transitioned into their main all-rounder and contributed in every way he could to lead the team to victory. In 2016, when SRH lifted the trophy, Henriques played a key role, with both bat and ball, scoring 182 runs and picking up 12 wickets.
In IPL 2018 auction, he went unsold and pundits and fans called it one of the biggest blunders by teams that they did not opt for an all-rounder like Henriques.
Follow Sportskeeda for all the latest IPL 2019 Auction news, updates, probable playing XI, fantasy tips and stats.


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Saint Catherine's Annual Wine Tasting Event
Saturday, February 22, 2020 at 7 PM – 10 PM, Ruysser Hall
$10 per person suggested donation
- Tickets are only $10 suggested donation per person (21 years of age and older, please)
- With your registration you will receive vouchers for 10 tastings of a variety of wines.
- Please bring an appetizer to share.
- Please invite your friends!


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Recent Post
Hi SciStress friends, Judy here. Today we need a woman's voice. A few weeks ago, I read an article about menopause in the newspaper. This reminded me of the story of a good friend of ours. Some time ago, we talked with her on the phone and she didn't sound quite all right. Finally, she admitted she was suffering from severe hot flashes. She was going through menopause. Would she be open to try something new. I guess she was desperate. So I asked Fred to tap with her over the phone. The amazing thing was that in less than 10 minutes her hot flashes were completely gone!
Hot flashes gone in 10 minutes, would it last?
We talked to her recently again. Our friend told us that using the SciStress tapping technique helped her tremendously. Each time the uncomfortable feelings started return, she would immediately use the technique. It worked every time. And on top of it the hot flashes would occur less frequently. Her whole menopause transition became much more comfortable.
How could such a simple technique be so effective and work so quickly? I have to speculate a little here. In my career as a mental health nursing professor I've read a good amount of research. But for the Meridian Tapping Techniques, or MTT for short, on which SciStress is based there is good research, but nothing on menopause. Therefore, I think the mechanism based on my knowledge of human physiology is as follows.
How could it work?
SciStress tapping directly calms the old part of your brain and helps to switch the autonomic nervous system from stress mode to relaxation. Now I was very lucky and did not have any problems with my menopause. But a lot of women are not so fortunate. They have hot flashes and all other kinds of symptoms of the hormonal changes. My thought is that for those women the hormonal changes cause a stress reaction in the nervous system. Using SciStress techniques reduces the stress reaction and therefore reduces their discomfort with menopause symptoms.
You can try it with any "female" discomfort.
We have had clients tell us that SciStress techniques also help with some discomfort they have with their regular period. That could be the same or a similar mechanism. Anyway, if you have any discomfort with either menopause or monthly periods be sure to try the techniques. And please, please, please send me a quick email and let me know whether SciStress did work for you, email@example.com.
And what about the guys?
By the way, guys obviously don't have menopause as such. Although there some changes for middle aged men too when their natural hormone levels drop. Because of this, some experts do talk about a "male menopause". But Fred reminds me that when guys feel uncomfortable it is often related to just plain stress. Any feeling of discomfort has some kind of relationship to stress. Therefore, you gentlemen can use SciStress any time to make your life smoother and more comfortable.
Let us know if you want any personal support or coaching. We may be able to help you with whatever bothers you. And you can get our book which explains everything on Amazon.
Warm regards, Judy
Judith Lynch-Sauer, PhD, RN, Scientific Advisor, Clinical Professor of Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing
Fred George Sauer, MS, MS Eng., Chief Stress Coach, Performance & Productivity Specialist
PS: Create a daily routine of managing stress. Check Appendix 2 of the book for quick help with stress.
Grandfathers are often the most beloved people in a young person's life. Memories of our grandparents are powerful and formative at the beginning of our lives. In our recent SciStress work we had the privilege to work with two women. In each case it turned out that a nearly forgotten memory with their grandfathers had a major emotional impact on their lives.
Early childhood trauma and a beloved grandfather.
Memories of grandfathers are most commonly happy, sweet and joyful. In both of these cases, however, a particular memory turned out to be the reason for a severe childhood trauma. How could this be?
The science of stress in action
In SciStress, scientific stress management, we know that the reason for stress in our current lives is often found in past traumatic memories. These memories sit in the more ancient parts of our brain, the old brain. Each time they get triggered through circumstances in our current life we experience stress. These older parts of our brain are subconscious. Therefore, we do not remember the old memories easily. We do not have to be aware of those memories in order for them to be triggered. If current circumstances trigger them, they will cause us stress now. Our task in SciStress is to help uncover these memories and remember the feelings of the situation. At that point it is easy to use the SciStress techniques to reduce emotional intensity of the memories. Once the emotional intensity is reduced, the memories will not be triggered. Stress in our lives is reduced.
The story of one woman and her grandfather
A few weeks ago, we worked with Jenny, not her real name to protect her privacy. Jenny wanted to work with us because she felt often anxious and worried about her five-year-old daughter and other family situations. That anxiousness sometimes would turn into frustration and helplessness about her beloved child. The whole situation was very stressful for her.
How could this happen? What could she do about it?
After finding out more about Jenny's situation we instructed her in the basic SciStress technique. This is the usual first step. To learn and use the technique always relaxes the client and makes them more comfortable. This then opens the door for more in depth detective work. What are the traumatic memories which lie beneath the current stressful reactions? What is the root cause of her issues? We asked Jenny when in her past she had these strong feelings of being anxious, worried, even helpless.
Jenny's traumatic experience.
When Jenny was about seven or eight years old her beloved grandfather was in the hospital. She visited him often. Grandpa had stomach cancer and his health was rapidly deteriorating. Jenny remembered him there in his hospital bed with wires and tubes and instruments all around him. She saw the doctors and nurses who cared for him. Yet grandpa became weaker and sicker every day. She was deeply worried about him. As his health deteriorated further, she became very angry that all the doctors and nurses and instruments could not help her grandpa. Soon grandpa died. Jenny was deeply hurt and feeling helpless. Why could all these doctors and nurses and other hospital workers not save her grandpa?
Memories trigger the same emotions from 30 years ago.
Jenny, now in her 30s, began to cry. She tried to suppress her tears to no avail. She re-experienced the same raw feelings she had as a young girl in that traumatic situation. Without being aware of it, some of the same feelings were triggered by the old brain each time she was worried about her young child or other family members.
Now it was time for her to use the techniques she just learned to defuse the emotional charge these old memories would trigger. While fully experiencing these emotions, we told Jenny to use the techniques repeatedly. Soon her tears stopped. Her face became calmer. We checked with her. The memory was still painful but not so overwhelming anymore.
When the negative memory is defused, positive memories can return.
After using the techniques for about 20 minutes repeatedly Jenny's face changed completely. Now she looked calm and even a happy smile briefly crossed her face. We asked again how she felt. She said she just remembered a happy time with her grandfather when he played with her. We asked her to close her eyes and hold that happy memory in her mind, to feel it intensely. Jenny had just experienced two phenomena which are very typical when using the SciStress techniques in connection with old traumatic memories.
Jenny's experiences demonstrate again how our old brain processes survival information. It stores the memories of past stressful experiences to help protect us in the future, to help us survive. Stress is the natural response of the old brain when it feels threatened or in danger in some way.
A few weeks later, Jenny wrote to tell us that the image of her grandfather in the hospital is now free from any feelings of helplessness and that she feels more at ease and calm in general. This confirms our typical expectation that results of a client's tapping work often are permanent.
Debbie's story, another traumatic experience with grandfather
Debbie is the leading nursing practitioner in a world-class cancer treatment and research clinic. For over 20 years she has worked with and cared for patients with the most serious cancers. She feels a lot of pressure and stress which lead frequently to migraine headaches. Her work is naturally very stressful. Her responsibilities for human beings who may be close to death is enormous. It appears natural that she would often feel overwhelmed with migraines. Yet Debbie tells us that other people working with her are able to deal with the same stresses more effectively and without apparent impact on their health. Is there another root cause in Debbie's situation?
Finding the root cause step-by-step.
Debbie identified her first layer of stress as the sadness and grief of the loss of her dad. She laughed and admired her dad. He had died just a few months ago. She reduced the stress of this loss while learning and practicing her new techniques. Now we could explore deeper levels of stress with her. We asked her to look for memories where she felt great responsibility and pressure.
Difficult decisions: What to study in college?
Debbie's dad was a carpenter. Her parents wanted her to go to college. She would be the first one in her family to get a college degree. Debbie felt tremendous responsibility for what she should study. Her first love was to become an interior designer. But she was afraid she couldn't succeed because she had difficulty drawing houses and blueprints. Fearing that she couldn't succeed as an interior designer she decided to study nursing.
She became an excellent student with outstanding grades. Later she went on to get a master's degree in nursing. But the memory of that decision process and the responsibility she had felt for her dad and her family was still keenly present. There was still a strong stress value attached to this memory. We now used SciStress techniques to reduce the stress value of that memory. Now Debbie could think back to that situation without feeling the pressure of her responsibilities. Was this the root cause for her current feelings of pressure? Was there something else in her life earlier than that?
Grandfather explaining death to a five-year-old.
Yes, it didn't take Debbie very long to remember very heavy stressful experience when she was five years old. One of Debbie's aunts had died. She was now in the funeral home with the rest of her family. There were her brother and sister and other kids. Now her grandfather would gather all the children around him to help them understand what was happening. He wanted to help them understand death. But for five-year-old Debbie this was a very difficult traumatic experience. She felt a lot of pressure with all the grieving relatives around her. And now trying to understand the finality of death in her little child's brain caused a sense of overwhelming responsibility.
When Debbie remembered this experience now, it still created an overwhelming level of stress. Could this early experience in her life have subconsciously guided her to work in a high responsibility position with people who could not always survive? In any case this memory clearly had the characteristics of the root cause for high stress response to difficult situations around illness and death. We coached Debbie to use the SciStress technique repeatedly to reduce the difficult feelings which were attached to her grandfather teaching about death in that funeral home many decades ago.
In a relatively short time Debbie was able to reduce the intensity of this traumatic memory step-by-step. Now when she checks the memory, she could still remember the scene in the funeral home, but the stressfulness of the situation was gone, the heavy sense of responsibility for a little girl to understand death was much reduced. After a little more work around the situation Debbie felt ready to leave and look forward to her responsibilities in the clinic without threat.
The root cause of our reactions to stressful situations
The stories of the two women you just read about demonstrate how our old brain makes us react with more or less stress to situation. Similar situations may appear easy and even joyful to many people. For example, Jenny's situation of raising a five-year-old little girl is joyful and fun for many mothers. The root cause of Jenny's reaction of worry and anger was an earlier experience her old survival brain held onto. In Debbie's case, the important high-responsibility job would cause great satisfaction and rewards for many people helping patients with a difficult life-threatening illness. Certainly, both situations can be very stressful, but the extreme stress reactions of Jenny and Debbie were clearly related to these early memories which triggered survival responses in the old brain.
Want to experience the same transformations?
If you or some of your loved ones have experiences like that, we would be happy to help. Our coaching may not solve all problems, but we can help people reduce stress in many situations. They also will learn techniques to help themselves any time and any place. You may recommend our book, which explains the brain science in easy to understand terms and teaches the techniques in detail.
Warm regards, Fred & Judy
Fred George Sauer, MS, MS Eng., Chief Stress Coach, Performance & Productivity Specialist
Judith Lynch-Sauer, PhD, RN, Scientific Advisor, Clinical Professor of Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing
PS: Create a daily routine of managing stress. Check Appendix 2 of the book for quick help with stress.
Stressed-out Stress Expert
Last week was one of the worst weeks of my life. One disaster after another hit me. What was going on? Were the stars aligned against me? I guess the Italians knew that kind of thing. The word disaster comes from Renaissance Italian: 'dis' meaning against and 'astro' meaning star. Therefore, when the stars are aligned against you, it must be an ill-starred experience, a dis-aster. I didn't just have one disaster, no, I had to deal with 5 disasters in this awful week! Find out about the "happy ending" of it all and 3 natural ways to help with stress at the very end of this article!
How did this ill-starred week begin?
Disaster 1: Poison Ivy!
Sunday afternoon I'm working in the yard removing some invasive vines from my pine trees. There is normally some poison ivy around them. This year we had a very rainy spring. Therefore, the poison ivy grew into a big monster. I thought I was careful to stay away from it. But somehow, I did get it on the left leg. I used anti-itch spray, which works better than calamine lotion. Yet the itching continued during the night and was quite annoying… Stress starts building.
Disaster 2: Car Died.
Monday morning, I wanted to run an errand. I jumped into my Fusion which always runs smoothly. I have had it for nearly 3 years and it never gives me trouble. This Monday morning it is totally dead. No lights, no engine crank, nothing! A jumpstart didn't work. A battery charger couldn't make it run. The tow truck managed to get it started and I could drive it to the dealership. Their repair shop was overloaded already. They told me it might take several days till they could look at it. But they would do their best for a good customer like me.
Why was it really bad news? Not having my car for a few days was really bad. Why? Because Saturday we had planned to drive to northern Michigan for a one-week family vacation. We had rented a nice big cottage. Thursday evening one of my sons with wife and two kids would arrive. We needed the two cars. With an itching leg and one car in the repair shop... Stress is climbing higher.
Disaster 3: Water Leak.
We live in the township. There is no city water. Therefore, each home gets its water out of their own well about 100 feet deep. We hadn't noticed that the water pressure from our well was steadily going down. But Tuesday morning it was very obvious. I changed the main water filter. It was full of rust and silt, much worse than usual. However, the new clean filter did not help. The pressure stayed very low. I called the experts. They told me there must be a leak in the pipes between the pump at the bottom of the well and our home. They would send an expert Wednesday morning. Itchy leg, car in the shop, and now uncertain water pressure in the house and family arriving tomorrow night. My back started hurting, my neck got stiff… The stress barometer now at storm level.
Disaster 4: Pipe Stuck, Budget Blown!
Wednesday morning a heavy truck arrived. Phil, a seasoned guy, climbed out and shook my hand inspiring confidence. My stress came down a bit. Phil backed his truck close to the well. He moved the crane to pull up the pipes. But first he had to undo a buried lock 6 feet down below the ground. That lock was frozen. Phil tried and tried again. 90% of the time his tricks would work. We had the unlucky 10%. They didn't work this time. Phil called his office. This was the news: they had to come the next day with a backhoe and dig a 10-foot hole to cut the lock and pull the pipes and pump deep in the well and find the leak. If the lock was frozen, there was no guarantee the pipes and pump would come out easily even with all that effort. And just to add some salt to the wounds, the cost would rise a few thousand dollars every time. And so rose my stress barometer. This was an emotional hurricane: an itching leg, my back out, no car, no guarantee of water flowing, only a guarantee of a huge repair bill... Stress up to the stratosphere.
Thursday morning three big trucks arrived right on time. First Phil with his truck and crane rig, next a truck pulling a large air compressor. And a third truck pulling a flatbed trailer with a huge backhoe. Phil shows me an estimate of many thousands of dollars. That's what it takes to fix the well if all goes to plan. If not, it could be more. In less than half an hour the hole is dug. They cut the frozen lock. They pull up the pipes together with the pump. There is a hole which rusted through some 40 feet below. Now Phil is happy, all will go as planned. My stress is lowered just a bit. My budget blown, but we may have water when the kids arrive tonight.
The car repair shop calls. They scratch their heads. My car starts fine without a flaw. I should pick it up and drive it for a day or two to test. How this could happen no one knows. I drive the car home like nothing ever happened. Meanwhile a new well pump has been fitted to new pipes. These pipes are plastic and won't rust. Pump and pipes go down the well. The backhoe fills the hole, then smoothes the earth. The air compressor blows the dirty water out of the well. At 4pm the pump starts pumping. Now all looks good. I can relax.
The kids arrive as scheduled. My car is running. The pump is pumping. The house is full of happy sounds... The stress goes down.
Disaster 5: No Electricity.
Friday evening. Stress levels now are muted. A heavy rainstorm had just dumped a pile of water. I start to make a light dinner. My wife is off to the airport to pick up her 2 sisters scheduled to arrive at the airport roughly at the same time. One coming from the West Coast, her flight on time. The other flight from the East Coast was delayed an hour and a half due to the storms here in Michigan. Judy got the California sister in her car. I had the dinner ready. A new storm blew in. This one had more wind and lightning. A strangely sounding gust shook our house. 10 seconds later all was quiet and pitch black. The power gone. Wind and rain beating on the siding… Feeling no stress, just acting on survival in the mess.
What next? Get a few flashlights. Set up half a dozen candles for a "candlelight dinner". Call Judy to forewarn her. Then call my son with wife at dinner at a nearby restaurant. No happy sounds just sighs of quiet acceptance. Now I had to run to the airport to get the sister from New York. The rain so dense, I could hardly see. Crawling along the freeway I still beat the arrival of the flight delayed from New York City. Back home the house now full, eight of us without electricity, no water, in humid heat without the air conditioning. The next morning, we had planned to leave and go up North… This evening a glass of wine for everyone by candlelight was all the stress reduction I could muster.
What else could go wrong this awful week? The power company gave us an estimate to have electricity restored by 3 o'clock next afternoon, long after we should be gone. Before bedtime, my son helped me start an old generator we hadn't used in many years. My mom had bought it for us over 20 years ago when she was horrified that our little kids might be stuck without power. A miracle this evening, we got it to work. Now we had water to shower and brush teeth, some lights and the refrigerator running to save the food. After an hour we bedded down to sleep in the dark house, the noisy generator turned back off… I didn't even think of stress.
The morning after a restless night, still no power. We packed the cars and took off just before noon. The home secured as best we could, still no power. By the time we reached Bay City the temperature was up to 95°. Then suddenly in less than 40 miles the sky turned black and temperatures dropped down to 71°. Another vicious storm drove rain across the highway and buffeted the car from left to right. But we drove on carefully. Two hours later, we finally arrived at the cottage.
Finally, Recovery and a "Happy Ending"
Arriving at this beautiful cottage, the rain suddenly stopped. A cool breeze from the lake welcomed us. The others arrived as well. The cottage was full of happy family. Here we had lights and water, cooked a splendid dinner and made a fire at the beach. The air was fresh, the clouds had left, the lake looked beautiful, the nightmare finally was over.
An important lesson from this is that during very stressful situations we easily forget to take care of ourselves. Even "stress experts" will forget to do their stress management routines. There are, however, a few very natural things which help a quick recovery from stressful times.
For all those reasons and by being together as a family we all had a great time. The stars were back in good alignment. Disasters handled. We came back refreshed and "stress-free".
Enjoy your summer stress-free! We wish you peace and smooth sailing!
Warm regards, Fred & Judy
Fred George Sauer, MS, MS Eng., Chief Stress Coach, Performance & Productivity Specialist
Judith Lynch-Sauer, PhD, RN, Scientific Advisor, Clinical Professor of Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing
PS: Create a daily routine of managing stress. Check Appendix 2 of the book for quick help with stress.
What are you thinking? Doesn't this sound a little strange? What could SciStress have to do with this "two for one deal"? Actually, part of the story is mentioned in Fred's book on the neuroscience of stress management under the title "Career Block".
Isabella wants help with her interviewing.
This young obviously very bright woman came for help with her interviewing for a better job. She felt stuck in her current position. She worked with headhunters and was set for a few interviews. When she came, she told us she felt unsure of herself. She didn't feel ready for her interviews. Isabella had low self-confidence.
An old family story.
Most frequently those general feelings and attitudes about life have their root in earlier youth experiences. This is why I explain in my book the neuroscience of how our brain really works in easy to understand ways. When I ask Isabella when she had these feelings of not being sure about herself, she told me about her family history. She had an older sister who was the "intelligent one" in her parent's mind. Isabella was about three years younger and happened to be very attractive. But in the family her smarts were never recognized.
She was probably just as smart as her sister. Isabella went to college and earned a business degree with a major in human resources. She took the best job she could get after graduation. But that job turned out to be more clerical and dead-end.
Early experiences shape our lives.
When I coached Isabella how she could best use the SciStress techniques, I told her to focus on her memories. She worked on her feelings when she was told as a young kid that she wasn't that smart, only pretty. Then she worked to reduce the intensity of those memories. She began to smile and sat up straight. This is the natural effect when the emotional brain relaxes.
Now Isabella did more work on her early memories. Soon she felt confident she could handle the interviews well. I gave her some tips how to use the techniques right before she had the interviews. Then she would be at her best when it counts.
The better job right there.
Isabella, with her new confidence, thought she might as well talk to her own HR people too. They recommended that she talk openly to her boss. As it turned out, her boss was very interested in her career and supported her excitement, initiative and interest in doing more work related to a college degree. The result? The company found her an HR related job interviewing and mentoring incoming employees. She received a promotion and a raise. She found a better job right there without having to look for a new one elsewhere.
And now for the rest of the story.
Isabella came back a few days later to get some coaching on a social issue she was very uncomfortable with. It was about her boyfriend. His family was very wealthy, he was very attractive, a real jock who played football in high school. He drove her around in an expensive convertible. They went to lots of parties. But she wanted to get married and he showed no commitment whatsoever.
As Isabella worked on her frustrations about this boyfriend, her attitudes shifted. She suddenly realized that she felt dependent on him for her own self-confidence. She realized that he just used her in a way as an attractive prop for his social life. He clearly didn't want a long-term relationship. She left the coaching session full of energy and with a new vision.
Six weeks later.
She didn't come back for more coaching. Therefore, after about six weeks I checked with her on how she was doing. Here is the rest of the story! Her internal job interviews had come to fruition by that time. She had her new position. And, full of excitement, she told me she had a new boyfriend. Right after the last coaching session she had fired her old super stud boyfriend. Soon afterward she met a somewhat shy engineer. He was very smart but socially a little insecure. Even in this short time they fell very much in love together. And this young man was serious, he definitely wanted a life together with her. He definitely wanted to get married.
Life patterns can change.
When powerful memories in our emotional brain are defused, we are more open to positive changes in our lives. This is what happened here. A bright young woman defused her stigmatizing memories of being "pretty but not so smart". Now she could look successfully for a better job and a better boyfriend.
You can find out easily how this works in our brain in the book "The Girl who couldn't Laugh". We make it fun to read about your brain. Hence the techniques in the second part of the book make it easy for you to do a lot of this work yourself. If you have questions or want coaching support, feel free to contact us anytime.
Get ready for new opportunities in life!
Warm regards, Fred & Judy
Fred George Sauer, MS, MS Eng., Chief Stress Coach, Performance & Productivity Specialist
Judith Lynch-Sauer, PhD, RN, Scientific Advisor, Clinical Professor of Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing
PS: Create a daily routine of managing stress. Check Appendix 2 of the book for quick help with stress.
Pain of Losing a Loved One
Louise is an amazing and creative woman. She is a therapist and author working on her second book, this one on relationships. Fiercely independent, she had left her marriage a long time ago. Since then Louise had several long-lasting deep relationships with equally independent men. Her most recent partner died suddenly a little over a year ago. She still felt the pain of this loss intensely.
Coaching helps with difficult problems.
Louise is an expert in the SciStress techniques in addition to traditional tools. She has used SciStress for herself and with her clients. Actually, Louise has helped me edit my book. Why would this accomplished therapist come to me? Because having somebody else coach you through a particularly difficult set of issues and emotions can bring relief and resolution much more quickly. What is the reason that a coach can be so helpful in such a situation? Because these deep issues are processed in our emotional brain, which is subconscious. Therefore, it is helpful to have an experienced coach guide you with particularly difficult issues. Still the client, in this case Louise, does all the work using the techniques. To be sure, most day-to-day issues and stresses an individual can handle completely on their own.
Pain explodes into hot anger.
As soon as we started working on the pain of having lost her partner Sam, that emotional pain flipped into red-hot anger. "Why did he leave me?" Louise assessed the intensity of her anger at a level 7. We use the same subjective pain scale a doctor might use when she asks you how much does it hurt on a scale from 1 to 10, 1 being very minor, 10 being unbearable. You could see by her expression that Louise was really in a rage. She described it as red-hot with black lightning. As she described it the intensity of her anger increased to a level 8. With two sets of the quick SciStress technique Louise was able to reduce her intensive anger to a level 0. Louise knew the effectiveness of the technique and was not surprised by the sudden change.
Raging anger replaced by deep sadness.
Now she began to feel an overwhelming sense of sadness, level 8 or 9. It was almost unbearable, "I want to die." This time the tapping didn't work correctly. It seems the intense emotion was stuck. Louise kept describing it in intellectual, mental terms. Our emotional brain does not react well to thinking mind representation. It has to be more concrete for the emotional brain to process.
Making an emotion real.
For the subconscious to process something effectively you have to make it "real". There is a straightforward trick of the trade to do that. I asked Louise the following question. "If that feeling of sadness had a shape what would it be?" Louise didn't hesitate: "It is like a big lead ball, very heavy in my chest." I continued, "If that lead ball had a color what would it be?" "Dark gray to black," came back as the answer. "What is the temperature?" "It is cool, maybe cold."
Shift is good.
Louise tapped several quick rounds on the cold gray lead ball in her chest. It had started out as a level 8 and didn't budge immediately. Then after the third or fourth round it suddenly dropped to a 1. The perception of the heavy gray lead ball had virtually disappeared. But now it shifted to a very tight feeling in the throat. That discomfort Louise rated as a 7. Now, these kinds of shifts in emotion and their perception may sound strange to somebody who has never experienced that. In practice however it is quite normal. The emotional brain is closely connected to the body's autonomic nervous system. Therefore, it quickly and automatically connects emotions to specific perceptions in the body. Shifts between strong emotions and corresponding feelings in the body are a natural part of releasing trauma and pain. These shifts are clear signs of progress in releasing.
Opening to good feelings.
Working with difficult feelings will result in significant relief most of the time. The intensity of the negative emotion may drop to a level 1 or 2 or even a 0. Sometimes the emotional brain will spontaneously shift to a positive emotion. This is a wonderful experience. It is also proof that the negative feeling has been permanently transformed. Especially if you have lost a loved one or had a bad experience with an individual, the release of the negativity allows positive memories and positive perceptions to flood into consciousness. This is what now happened for Louise. Her training and her work now paid off. She suddenly was filled with intensive positive emotions about her last partner Sam. You could see it in her face. A deeply joyful smile had replaced a painful frown.
Losing a loved one can happen to all of us.
Remember, all instruction for dealing with difficult emotions, which includes a loss, are in the second part of the book. They are easy to learn. Most of the time you can even do it yourself. But as you have read in the above case, even experienced people may benefit from being coached in some cases. If you don't have the book, you can get the book at Amazon. If you have the book, go and read it again to refresh your skills.
Should you have difficulty dealing with a loss, please let us know. We may be able to help.
Warm regards, Fred & Judy
Fred George Sauer, MS, MS Eng., Chief Stress Coach, Performance & Productivity Specialist
Judith Lynch-Sauer, PhD, RN, Scientific Advisor, Clinical Professor of Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing
PS: Don't forget to keep a daily routine of managing stress. Check Appendix 2 of the book for quick help with stress.
About Fred
Fred George Sauer Founder of SciStress
Find Out More
February 2020
PO Box 396 Ann Arbor, MI 48105