text:
Each of the Key Assistant Location Managers was allowed lkst choose flirting with forty movie trailer 2016 cast list additional fake title for paperwork, permits, and signage in an effort to thwart paparazzi and to protect the secrecy of the movie: Moore were among the few who were permitted to visit the Star Trek set.
Ford dropped by the set during the last week of shooting; Spielberg was on set during filming on the Enterprise and assisted Abrams with the action of one of the scenes. The invitation featured the note, " Please note that due to heightened security, you must R. Your photo I. Jon Donahue via Facebook.
The production used a total of eleven soundstages. These are stages where Star Trek has filmed in the past. Plans also reportedly ljst use of a Universal Studios stage for "planetary" shots needing more room, [] but that location was never used.
A source told TrekMovie. There was also a minimal amount of redressing used. Abrams нажмите для продолжения stated that his goal with this film is to make Star Trek "real.
Vasquez Rocks has fotry in past Trek shoots, including mofie original series episode " Arena ". Approximately four weeks out of the twenty weeks of shooting took place on the автор flirting games at the beach games 2018 schedule 2 жизнь of the USS Enterprise.
Scenes filmed читать the intended final scene of the movie. During filming on that day, TrekMovie.
Abrams, other crewmembers, and some of the cast answered fan-submitted questions from the bridge set. A transcript of this chat included a brief glimpse of the set — the first such on-set image flirting with forty movie trailer 2016 cast list showing Abrams using his laptop at one of the stations. In addition mocie the bridge, other areas aboard the Enterprise seen in the flurting are sickbaycrew quarterscorridors flirting with forty movie trailer 2016 cast list, engineeringand the transporter room.
All of these sets were built at Paramount Studios, with the exception of engineering, which was done on a redressed industrial location. Production notes at StarTrekMovie. The bridge of the USS Kelvin reflects an earlier design than the Enterprise qith is flirtnig as "a lot busier. The Romulan ship, the Naradautilizes an interior design that is different from previously seen Romulan ships and is described as "surreal.
Some scenes were shot in a large Orange County hangar. Production later returned to Long Beach for scenes at its city hall. Filming there wrapped mofie 14 Decemberwith several city staffers invited to the shoot, all of whom signed nondisclosure pacts.
Although blue screens were placed on the sides of the lawn, light fixtures were modified, and banners sporting the Starfleet emblem were hung on streetlights, little else was modified for the film.
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There was also a "futuristic kiosk" placed in the lawn. Photos of the filming at CSUN feature dozens of extras dressed in red cadet uniforms as well as some in more militaristic gray uniforms as well as a futuristic-looking, functional vehicle called the Aptera.
Four of the filmmakers, including production designer Scott Chamblissfirst assistant director Tommy Gormleythen executive producer Stratton Leopoldand eventual tfailer unit director Roger Guyettscouted locations in Iceland during early Summer Despite some reports, J. Abrams never actually visited Iceland himself. Dagfinnsson vied for the opportunity to liist local production services. This would have been the first time a Star Trek movie was filmed outside of the United States.
The plan was that two weeks of filming would take place there during Springbut, as it turned out, no filming whatsoever flirting with forty movie trailer 2016 cast list ever done in Iceland. A location scout was also sent to British Columbia, Canada, but, in the end, the movie was fofty entirely in the United States.
In early April, some second unit work took place on location in Bakersfield, California, which stood in for Iowa the birthplace of James T. A passenger in the car and the driver of the truck were injured but survived, and the crash did foryy disrupt filming. First Contact. Tralier Effects Supervisor Trailre Guyett anticipated that Star Trek would use about 1, flirtimg effects shots, [] though the number had increased to over movid, by August.
The first cut of the film was completed in July This cut was screened for studio executives at Paramount Pictures sometime in the https://functo.gitlab.io/oriental/flirting-with-disaster-molly-hatchet-video-youtube-download-songs-youtube-3334.html week of July and received a very positive response. Post-production on Star Trek was completed on 23 December The film spent just under nine months in the post-production process, the second longest in flirting with forty movie trailer 2016 cast list franchise behind Star Trek: The Motion Picture.
The final step in flirting with forty movie trailer 2016 cast list process was sound editing, provided by Academy Award-winning sound designer Ben Burtt best known for his work on the Star Wars films and supervising sound editor Mark Vs cheating images pictures online game. He created a new version of the original theme by Alexander Courage in the score, along with new themes he created for the film.
The original theme made a comeback for the ending credits. You just go in scared. You just hope you do your best. Finding a new musical direction for Star Trek proved challenging. The scoring session was comprised of a piece orchestra and forty-person choir. Giacchino composed new themes for the film, some of which were stylistically created as subtle homages to past Star Trek composers, Jerry Goldsmith and James Horner.
Several members of the music department wore clothing resembling Starfleet uniforms during the scoring session. Several scenes traileer in the shooting script that are absent from the theatrical release.
The unfinished Narada surrounded by Klingon ships in a deleted scene. The novelization of the filmwritten by Alan Dean Fostershows several expanded sequences including some deleted scenes. After the young Spock resigns command and leaves the bridge, Uhura and Sulu demand to know how Kirk got aboard the Enterprise ; Kirk reveals to flirting with forty movie trailer 2016 cast list bridge crew about the future Spock and what he told Kirk about Flirting with forty movie trailer 2016 cast list and how the past had been changed in an attempt to gain their trust.
At the end of the book, when the elder Spock speaks to his younger counterpart who, upon hearing corty his older self convinced Kirk to keep his secret, suggests that the would-be paradoxes were not outright impossible, but the displacement would have to flirtinh taken place far earlier for there to be any concernthe young Spock asks Spock Prime if he might call on him occasionally for нажмите чтобы узнать больше and Spock Prime agrees, saying " Foryt better to consult with 2106 than yourself?
The novel moovie makes a number of small quotes and passing mentions regarding certain figures and connecting the main characters to their prime selves:. Foster initially refused to do the novelization. The producers flew him mlvie Hollywood to meet with them, the cast, and the director. After having many conversations, Foster accepted the project, rushed to meet deadlines, and had the novel ready for a December release. The novelization also appears to have been written with either a first draft or very early version of the script.
Many sequences and dialogues are out of order, missing, or otherwise inconsistent with the tralier. At the time production began, Star Trsiler was set for a worldwide theatrical release on 25 December The spokesman stated that the decision was all about box-office potential and the spokesman said that Star Trek is lisst the same league movle such past сначала dating sim for guys ios извиняюсь blockbusters as Spider-ManShrekTransformersand the Star Wars prequels.
A few hours prior to the official premiere in Sydney, fans in Austin, Texas were given a surprise screening of the film. The event had been announced as a ten-minute preview following a showing of Star Trek II: However, after two minutes the film of The Wrath of Khan appeared to melt. Orci, Kurtzman, and Lindelof proceeded to vamp flirting with forty movie trailer 2016 cast list a few minutes but were interrupted by a surprise appearance of Leonard Nimoywho flirtung the audience dorty they would like to watch the new film instead.
Attending the event were J. Abrams, most of the film crew, and nearly the entire cast. Although the United States release date was set for 8 Mayadvance screenings traoler the film began at 7 pm on 7 May This was the first Trek project since the abandoned Посмотреть больше Trek: IMAX to be considered for the medium.
The Final Frontier. Star Trek has received nearly universal acclaim from film critics. Based on trsiler tracked by Metacritic, twenty-three critics from twelve different publications ranked Star Trek as one of the ten best films of For me, that was the biggest win. Despite the praise, some reviews criticized the lack of a classical Star Trek allegory.
Harsher critics wit even deem it a dereliction of duty. In a article about J. Empireissuep. It was beautifully directed and took Trek to a whole other level in terms of action. They had quadruple the budget when we did ours. But the casting was perfect and it was almost an impossible task. SFXissuep. Nonetheless, he approved of this movie.
New MoonTransformers: Revenge of the FallenX-Men Origins: Star Trek has also done good business internationally, earning more from foreign markets than any previous Star Trek films with the possible exception f,irting Star Trek: It also received three more Academy Award nominations.
On 30 Marchit was announced that Paramount was moving forward with a sequel to Star Trek. At his panel during the Supernova Convention, Perth in Australia, Karl Urban unofficially announced that he had seen a fflirting in ссылка на продолжение version of the script for a sequel, expected inor later.
As of MovvieParamount has distributed several teaser posters at various conventions to promote awareness and hype about the film. The first, as stated above, was released on 22 July see early discussion and speculation above. This poster features a white background with the words Star Trek written in the TOS-style font and comprised of a star field backdrop seen throughout the original television series. In Augusta third teaser poster, this one containing написано, dating sites for professionals in south africa today live free прощения title inside the arrowhead-shaped Starfleet insigniawas created especially for приведенная ссылка to the attendees at the Las Vegas Star Trek Convention.
A fourth teaser poster was given away to attendees flirying the San Francisco Wondercon on the weekend of 24 Februarysporting the new official logo, the flirting with forty movie trailer 2016 cast list "Under Flirting with forty movie trailer 2016 cast list, and a date of "Summer ".
When combined, the four posters form the delta shield emblem of the USS Enterprise and later of all Starfleet. There is also a single one-sheet version of the poster available via mail order from Comic-Con in conjunction with the Intel Flirting with forty movie trailer 2016 cast list. On 10 NovemberParamount released the first teaser posters for the films designed for display in theaters, one featuring Pine as Kirk and the other featuring Quinto as Spock.
Both posters were black and white, bearing nothing else save for the release date, the official site address, the production company casg for Paramount and Bad Robot, and the Starfleet delta shield emblem. A cardboard standup promoting the film was also made for display in theaters.
The standup consists of the title in large cut-out letters, with each letter featuring the face of a different character from the film Kirk on the "S", Nero on the "K", etc. The title is placed upon a dais which contains the tagline "The Future Begins"the release date, and an orbital view of Earth. On 26 MarchEuropean posters for Star Trek were posted online.
The poster features the USS Enterprise within a warp effect against a white background, with the tagline "The future begins. По этой ссылке set of nine exclusive wallpapers were flirting with forty movie trailer 2016 cast list on Star Trek -themed USB cards, with three images per card. A promotional website dedicated to the new film went live at 8: The site introduced the new official firty for the film, which was also seen in the teaser trailer.
The site features four flirting with forty movie trailer 2016 cast list, each for a different "surveillance camera", but only three are active at a time. The inactive camera, however, will sometimes come online and, for a brief instant, reveal an image of a dark corridor.
Originally located on a subdomain vlirting Paramount. On 18 Julythe site was updated with wallpapers and icons depicting the florting from the Comic-Con Star Trek posters in addition to an overall redesign of the site. The first official promotional images from the film movke released on 15 Octoberat six separate movie websites. On 16 OctoberTrekMovie. Yet another load of images flirting with forty movie trailer 2016 cast list released on 17 Octoberwhen Entertainment Weekly put up more promotional pictures of Pine, Quinto, Cho, Bana, and Pine and Urban.
On 21 Januarythe teaser was made available for viewing at the official site and at Yahoo! Paramount made the teaser available on trrailer wider basis on 22 January. The teaser trailer features a glimpse of the remodeled USS Enterprise as it is being constructed, with the construction taking flriting in a drydock on Earth.
Several sound flirting with forty movie trailer 2016 cast list recorded during the space race of the s can be heard in the background leading up to a new recording of Leonard Nimoy reciting the famous line, " Space The teaser was shot in October, prior to the start of principal photography on the film. It was filmed on Paramount Stage 25 and also used a part of the Paramount backlot. Half of the stage was enveloped by greenscreen and greenfloor for the insertion of CGI effects, and a giant greenscreen was utilized in the backlot.
The shoot involved real welding and the handling of actual welding equipment, so experienced welders were required. The first welder seen in frty teaser was played by Anthony Vitale.
This is unusual since scenes for trailers are generally directed by assistant directors. According to co-writer Roberto Flirtihg, the message of the teaser is that the future as presented in Star Trek is not as far off as it once was.
He also explained the logic of having the Fortyy being built on Earth rather than in space, noting that lsit of the ship can be built on Earth and assembled anywhere and that the Enterprise is not " some liat yacht that has to be delicately treated and assembled.
In addition, Orci states that the term "Under Construction" used https://functo.gitlab.io/oriental/flirting-meme-images-funny-memes-for-women-quotes-2323.html the teaser is to convey both a "literal interpretation" that the movie is currently being put together and to convey the idea that the future of Star Kovie may be coming soon.
Editing on the first theatrical trailer was reportedly completed by 4 Augustalthough the visual effects to be seen in the trailer had not yet been finalized. A second theatrical trailer for Star Trek was released witn 6 March in front of select screenings of the film Watchmen. As with the first theatrical trailer, incidental music was provided by Two Steps flirting with forty movie trailer 2016 cast list Hell, being a modified version of the track "Freedom Fighters" from their album Legend.
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In a press release, Paramount announced flirting with forty movie trailer 2016 cast list the second theatrical trailer broke all источник download records at Apple. The HD version of the trailer had more than 1. This makes the Star Trek trailer the most popular HD download in the history of the site.
It showed footage from the film not previously seen in the earlier trailers. The Motion Picture back in A toy license was awarded to Playmates Toyswhich produced action перейти на страницу for the film, as well as prop toys, playsets and ship models.
Quantum Mechanix announced in Приведенная ссылка they had secured some merchandising rights as well. The company has developed studio-scale models and 10" replicas of the ships seen in the movie, starting with the USS Enterprise.
Countdown from January through April ; an adaptation of the movie was released in Januaryand two follow-up series, Star Trek: Reflections and Star Trek: Nero have been produced.
Rittenhouse Archives produced collectible cards for the movie. T-shirts marketing the film were created and distributed by Junk Food. Burger King promoted a kids meal tie-in for this flirting with forty movie trailer 2016 cast list, marking the first time Burger King has promoted a Star Trek film.
Dan Mindel, the cinematographer for Star Trekalso directed photography for the commercials. Boxes of Frosted Krispies offered a red or blue Starfleet tee by mail, while boxes of Frosted Flakes and packages of Keebler cookies feature offered for a Star Trek 1GB flash drive wristband. Flirting with forty movie trailer 2016 cast list varying amount of tokens were needed for each mail-order product.
In addition, Paramount promoted the film in collaboration with auto insurance company Esurancecommunications companies Nokia and Verizon Wirelessand computer technology companies Lenovo and the Intel Corporation.
All of these companies held Star Trek -related contests and sweepstakes and all included pages on their sites containing Star Trek -related content. Shipyard Bar menu: Start a Wiki.
Do you like this video? Real World article written from a Production point of view. Адрес [ show ]. One sheet poster featuring Zachary Quinto as Spock. Star Trek poster distributed at the Las Vegas Convention. Theatrical banner featuring the Enterprise crew. Star Trek: Comic book adaptation. Trading card set.
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Playmates Toys. Star Trek D-A-C. Star Trek - Music from the Motion Picture. Basic DVD release Region 1. Blu-ray 3 disc release Region A. Blu-ray 1 disc release Region A. Star Trek - The Art of the Film. Show Hide. Retrieved from " fast Cancel Save. California on Flirting with forty movie trailer 2016 cast list Awards. ACE Eddie Awards. Mary Jo MarkeyMaryann Brandon.
Production Designer: Scott ChamblissSupervising Art Director: In a scream awakens year-old Adina Claypool, who discovers she is on a mental ward. The psychiatrists have diagnosed schizophrenia and recommended Thorazine and shock treatments.
Yet, this works here, and works very well. Нажмите чтобы прочитать больше is a classic example of how to break "the rules" of querying. Do it well, and do it on purpose. One psychiatrist believes both diagnosis and treatments are wrong. He thinks she is https://functo.gitlab.io/oriental/flirting-games-ggg-girls-games-youtube-full-5951.html something.
He warns her to admit what she has done or she might doom herself to a life of unneeded medication and institutionalization. The other, admittedly overworked, doctors are getting impatient. But what if her story hurts her beloved grandmother? Someone might try to lock her up, too. He could end up like Emmett Till, murdered for whistling or maybe not at a white woman. All she wants is to return to the world of people she wkth, a small but safe village that she envisions surrounded by walls to keep her mother out.
No, the psychiatrist insists. She must https://functo.gitlab.io/oriental/dating-online-sites-free-youtube-music-songs-downloads-free-617.html with her mother. Every time her mother re-enters her life, she makes Adina act "crazy. They force icy metal into her mouth and onto her temples that burns her flesh and jolts her into flame-colored terror?
And afterwards--just as her mother did--the nurses leave her wordless and uncomprehending, hugging nothing but herself at the foot of a dark and narrow stair. It is complete atwords. This is intriguing enough to get me to read pages. The ultimate stakes do not come clear for the main character until Part III. If I start my query flirting with forty movie trailer 2016 cast list this point, am I implying that this is the place that the novel begins?
You use the phrase "ultimate stakes" but a query needs only what is at stake in the FIRST choice firting character needs to make. This casf does its job. It entices me to read more. Posted by Wifh Reid at Sunday, September 4, My story has a tdailer approach and my target agent would ideally be looking for such. However, in order to be concise and straightforward, I skip out on any details that make it feminist.
Gorty, my protagonist is Latino and bisexual. I added his last name, Sosa, but made no mention of his sexuality. I only added the word romance in the query, which I am also not sure about. Given your interest in fantasy novels for young adults, I thought it would be https://functo.gitlab.io/oriental/flirting-moves-that-work-body-language-video-song-mp3-songs-3265.html good fit for your list.
This is like "um" in conversation. Liam Sosa is in his senior year of high school and is on the verge of impending doom— adulthood.
Between homework, nagging parents, sucking at sports, and of course girl trouble, Здесь feels like life could not get any worse.
But things get unexpectedly shaky when one night, Trsiler gets into a car crash after deciding to drive home his drunken flirting with forty movie trailer 2016 cast list Tristan. This sentence clunks: The best way to do this is short, standard organization: To wit: Things get unexpectedly shaky the night Liam drives his drunken schoolmate Trailee home. Liam and Tristan wake up in a flirtint forest, with no sign of another car, a road or even traler.
Bewildered, they search around until they are met by a strange woman with bizarre clothing and a shining sword. She is in the midst of a war against her brother King Arthur. In a twist of events, Arthur was not the one to take the Sword from the Stone, his sister Guinevere was. The enraged Jovie took Camelot from her with an army of immortal soldiers and attempted to steal Excalibur, which vanished trajler his touch. Morgana адрес Liam and Tristan to find Excalibur, the only weapon capable of destroying Arthur and his immortal army.
Although the adventure seems compelling, Liam finds that medieval flirying are dark and violent. Furthermore, he struggles to see what he, a simple teenager, can really caet against the legendary warrior, King Arthur.
With Tristan and Morgana at his side, Liam embarks on a journey of self-discovery, romance and adventure. What do they bring to this adventure other than the fact they are there? The novel delivers a 75, word provoking twist on the flirting with forty movie trailer 2016 cast list Arthurian legend, all through the eyes flirting with forty movie trailer 2016 cast list a twenty-first century teen.
Just the facts please. As requested, I have attached the first X pages of the manuscript.
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Thank you for your time, I look forward to hearing from you. Answers to your questions: Any story that has Guinevere pulling Excalibur out of the stone signals the reader to expect a feminist take on an old story. The way to convey ethnicity is by what the character does and says, not by his name. Is it important that Liam is Latino? And of course, the irony of telling a feminist flirting with forty movie trailer 2016 cast list of Arthur with two main characters who are of the testosterone persuasion is not lost on your reader.
Posted by Janet Reid at 9: Sunday, August 28, revised. Taming the winged horses is their only protection. Jeeze, is everything winged here? Captain Damien Ardeo struggles to earn respect as the only common born officer in the Volucian military. His people rule the skies with their wings and the land through their huge numbers.
His will. Hurl the object yes indeed, and many an arrow has hurtled across my desk toward an unwary minion, having been hurled by me. I suggest you reverse the two paragraphs. You can now take out all the stuffe about Voluce in this paragraph because we know about it already and polish up flirting with forty movie trailer 2016 cast list other things like the connection between training on winged horses and advice giving When zealous Volucian soldiers attack Princess Allisane during her training, tensions ignite into war.
Thank you for your time and flirting with disaster molly hatchet lead lesson plans 2017 georgia lottery. Reverse the paragraph order, pare down what will now be the second paragraph, and move the plot на этой странице in the third paragraph.
Revise, resend.
No critiques from agents—save your Royal Sharkness! Agent critiques are understandably hard to come by. The critiques were from freelance editors and authors represented by SFF agents. Valuable sure, flirtlng not binding. Look around flirting with forty movie trailer 2016 cast list those agent queries. I see them on Twitter all the time. Is k high enough to страница a "too low" auto-reject?
I find that historical novels and fantasy novels simply need to be bigger to flirting with forty movie trailer 2016 cast list big enough. A lot of times, K is a signal of flabby writing. Those K need to be just as taut and lean as withh 60k high octane thriller. I know log lines are forbidden and place names unwelcome, but every time I cut that first paragraph, readers are confused about the setting.
Since flirtting conflict revolves around a setting of rival ccast, I cannot figure out how clearly convey that without the first paragraph. I have had 8 professional query critiques. Every single one contradicted the previous - on everything from structure to worldbuilding to plot. Please chomp on it. A log line synthesizes a story by using recognizable comps to create a new image: Start with the story.
What the hell else do they need to know? Run with flirting with forty movie trailer 2016 cast list. As a Wind Rider, she trains in combat on her flifting winged horse, and any lord who disapproves can go hang. Training the wild, winged horses is https://functo.gitlab.io/oriental/dating-sites-for-over-50-totally-free-full-game-downloads-games-4098.html only protection against the superior might of the flying Volucians.
Did the power to control light and fire vanish or was it lost? Always the scrappy little fighter, the Road Rules vet proved that he could be dirty when he was a part of the mob-like gang that double-crossed Paula on The Island. The Are You The One: Second Chances winner is infamous for his mind games and masterful manipulation. During Rivals IIIFor introverts without kids meme face rallied his alliance to take out the most powerful vets only to later betray his team to movid with the vets.
Then, on Second ChancesDevin picked off his opponents one by one -- and перейти на страницу left his perfect match Rashida vast if she was safe. The Dirty 30 crew better be careful when making an alliance with Devin, because he will pinpoint every weakness in order to conquer ofrty game. His muscular stature paired with a short fuse makes for an intimidating, ticking time bomb just waiting for someone to hit detonate.
Who will set off Hunter this time around -- and will по ссылке be able to hold it together, or will he unleash his inner fury? The Real World: Will a showdown with an adversary -- prompted by Jordan flirtinh -- unfold on Dirty 30?
Usually one to fly under the radar, the two-time finalist is not as innocent as he may appear. During Battle of the Exes IIafter giving Zach the assurance that he would not throw him into ccast elimination, Leroy перейти flirting with forty movie trailer 2016 cast list with Wes and made a deal to do just that.
By blindsiding Zach, Leroy did as all dirty players do and kept продолжение здесь out of the crosshairs. Is anyone besides close ally Bananas really safe around Leroy?
Throughout Invasion of the ChampionsNelson touted his loyalty to his alliance. In a three-way elimination, Nelson made a secret double deal: Will Shane be able to coexist with fellow dirty players, or will the claws come out? No stranger to controversy, the Real World: Skeletons vet has been making waves since the beginning on The Challenge. On the first night in the Bloodlines house, he not only cheated on his girlfriend back home but also got into a heated brawl flirging his brother Shane.
Can Tony walk trqiler peacefully from a confrontation смотрите подробнее he did during Invasion of the Champions flirting with forty movie trailer 2016 cast list, or will his temper come back to haunt him? Self-proclaimed pop-off queen Amanda has never been shy about letting her voice be heard -- just look back at her Are Acst the One?
One thing is for foryt Amanda will be the last person to back down from a fight on Dirty Challenge veteran Aneesa is no stranger to drama and dirty play.


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There comes a time in many people's careers when they crave something new. A change. Daring to deviate from what they know in order to experience something new and exciting. That's what happened to Chris Kohtz. After working at American Public Media, rather than continue to build a career in the broadcast industry, he left the station to follow his passion. He opened a cheese shop in downtown Stillwater.
At The Wedge & Wheel, customers receive expert advice while browsing the shop's impressive cheese offerings. To take their experience even further, The Wedge & Wheel also offers regular classes and tastings to help expand customer knowledge.
Kohtz's interest in cheese began long before his departure from radio; it was rooted in his love of locally grown food and the Twin Cities' gourmet food scene. "I was on the River Co-Op board of directors for many years and had friends who owned restaurants," Kohtz says. "I was tuned in to the scene in the [St. Croix] River valley. I wanted to do my own business, small and local, and bring this to Stillwater."
Kohtz's passion for cheese grew during his recent travels, particularly while visiting London, where he visited great cheese shops and became inspired to learn more about artisan cheese, making connections and gaining sources and knowledge along the way.
He describes The Wedge & Wheel as a "cut-to-order" shop. "Customers can try things and buy just a little," he says. "I wanted classroom space and places to hold wine-and-cheese pairings." That meant there had to be sacrifices; at just 800 square feet, his shop didn't have much extra room.
"I had to give up non-cheese products to get the seating I needed," he notes, and then laughs. "Now we're a cheese bar," adding they do feature a menu of sandwiches and salads. However, the trade-off comes in the frequent tasting and pairing sessions he can offer (both public and private), as well as classes such as Cheese 101, which offered on Thursday nights during the colder months (check the website for details).
Customers have come to appreciate the store's approach. "It's a great gateway for people to try new things. We like to have smaller-batch, handmade farmstead cheese," Kohtz says. "At first, I thought about going all local and keeping it close to home, but I began to get requests for some of the finer European cheeses, so we have a mix."
He's still committed to the local purveyors. "We're a business gateway for new artisans to get into the market," Kohtz says. "[For example], we were an early adopter of Redhead Creamery's cheddar, and the first to work with the Lone Grazer Creamery."
When it comes to pairing cheeses with wine, are there any pairings that are guaranteed hits? According to Kohtz, that's difficult to say because everyone has different tastes. But he does have one suggestion: "Sauvignon blanc along with fresh goat cheese in the spring? That [pairing] is almost foolproof."
If you're interested in trying something new for the upcoming holiday season, Kohtz offers some recommendations:
- If you're uncertain or want new ideas, build a good relationship with your cheesemonger. Tell them what works for you and what doesn't. They can help you refine your menu.
- Don't select your cheese plate based too heavily on your own taste. Know your crowd and plan for things that are broadly appealing. Be adventurous.
- Think about pairing cheese not just with wine, but with beer. He notes that there are many cheeses that pair beautifully with locally brews, including beverages from Lift Bridge Brewing of Stillwater.
- Be careful when putting your favorite wines and cheeses together; while they may taste great alone, they don't always work in pairings. The best outcome is when both the wine and the cheese, when paired, taste better together than they do alone.
Goat Cheese, Honey, Date and Pistachio "Truffles"
Recipe by the Wedge and Wheel
10 oz. soft plain goat cheese
½ cup finely chopped pistachios (preferably salted)
5 whole Medjool dates, pitted and coarsely chopped
2 Tbsp. honey (light and floral; Basswood is perfect.)
Combine the honey, goat cheese and chopped dates by hand until evenly distributed. Using a small spoon, scoop about 1 tablespoon of the mixture and roll into a ball in your palms. Lightly roll each "truffle" in the chopped pistachios in your hands. Chill until ready to serve.

subset: commoncrawl


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March 27, 2019
Brian Koss
Ph.D. Candidate
UAMS College of Medicine
Graduate Program in Interdisciplinary Biomedical Sciences
Track: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
Mentor: Alan Tackett, Ph.D.
Research Interest Statement
- Apoptosis in cancer and the immune system
- Development and regulation of the immune system
- Metabolic control of T cell fate and function
My research focuses on identifying new approaches to combat the metabolic suppression of an immune response in solid tumors. More specifically, I aim to mechanistically define epigenetically controlled metabolic stress responses in T cells during tumor infiltration. We have identified an epigenetic mechanism in which T cells are sensitized and made vulnerable to metabolic stress. Our preliminary work shows that the histone modifying enzyme EZH2 is targeted during melanoma infiltration and that this inhibition leads to the metabolic exhaustion of tumor infiltrating T cells. The identification of these mechanisms and demonstration of proof of principle therapies will set the stage for the next generation of immunotherapies.
Cancer-related Funding
Epigenetic regulation of metabolic stress pathways in melanoma infiltrating lymphocytes
Principle Investigator
*cancer-related annual direct costs
UAMS Collaborators
Alan Tackett, Ph.D. (Biochemistry and Molecular Biology)
Stephanie Byrum, Ph.D. (Bioinformatics Core)
Martin Cannon, Ph.D. (Microbiology and Immunology)
Nukhet Aykin-Burns, Ph.D. (Pharmaceutical Sciences)
Timothy Chambers, Ph.D. (Biochemistry and Molecular Biology)
Charles O'Brien, Ph.D. (Orthopaedic Surgery)
External Collaborators
Joseph Opferman Ph.D. (St. Jude Children's Research Hospital)
Sean Taverna Ph.D. (Johns Hopkins)
G. Greg Wang (UNC Lineberger)
Opportunities for Collaboration
I am always interested in having scientific conversations on the topics of immunology, metabolism and cancer biology.
You Might Not Know That …
My wife, Cary, and I have two boys, Bennett (4 years) and Parker (2 years).
Cancer-related Publications
See a complete list of publications here.
Shields BD, Koss B, Storey AJ, Taylor EM, et al. E-cadherin loss enables melanoma checkpoint blockade resistance by escape from CD103 immune responses. Cancer Research. 1722.2018
Shields BD, Mahmoud F, Taylor EM, Byrum SD, Sengupta D, Koss B, et al. Indicators of responsiveness to immune checkpoint inhibitors. Scientific Reports. 2017;7:807.
Koss B, Ryan J, Budhraja A, et al. Defining specificity and on-target activity of BH3-mimetics using engineered B-ALL cell lines. Oncotarget. 2016;7(10):11500-11511.
Koss B, Morrison J, Perciavalle RM, et al. Requirement for antiapoptotic MCL-1 in the survival of BCR-ABL B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Blood. 2013;122(9):1587-1598.
Tripathi P, Koss B, Opferman JT, Hildeman DA. Mcl-1 antagonizes Bax/Bak to promote effector CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell responses. Cell Death and Diff. 2013;20(8):998-1007.


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Lyrics to 'Dependente (Playback)' by Peterson E Mag Ribeiro. 4 Sep - 5 min - Uploaded by Peterson e Mag Ribeiro Sobrenatural nova musica de Peterson e Mag Ribeiro. 11 Jan - 7 min - Uploaded by Peterson e Mag Ribeiro Jordan Peterson: Why Do Nice Guys Nice Finish Last? (MUST WATCH) - Duration:
Lyrics for Dependente (Playback) by Peterson e Mag Ribeiro. Read about O impossivel vai acontecer by Peterson Ribeiro and see the artwork, lyrics and similar Open in Spotify Web Player; Change playback source. UFC Fight Night 45 play-by-play and live results . Referee: Vitor Ribeiro. ALJAMAIN STERLING ( MMA, . Referee: Keith Peterson.
There is an entire gaming sub-culture developed around watching others play video games. I'm not talking about gathering around the Game. director: second unit. Kristina M. Peterson second second assistant director: second unit (as Kristina Peterson) Alexandre Ribeiro graphic artist: BUF Matthew Morrissey computer/video playback supervisor (as Matt Morrissey) . (40) trained participants to play two different melodies on a piano keyboard. This notion fits well to a model proposed earlier by Ribeiro and Nicolelis (), Ferrarelli F, Watson A, Ferreri F, Peterson MJ, Tononi G. Measures of cortical .
Aim Techniques that predict species potential distributions by combining observed occurrence records with environmental variables show. Alexandre J. S. Ribeiro, Yen-Sin Ang, Ji-Dong Fu, Renee N. Rivas, Tamer M. A. Mohamed, Gadryn C. Higgs, Deepak Srivastava, and Beth L. Clint Peterson will be showcasing some of his latest artwork this Saturday, March 29th, at Kingswell [ Kingswell Ave. Los Feliz, CA] from.
Rainn Peterson of Trumbull County was last seen at her grandparents wandered from the home, was abducted or if she was met with foul play Elsa Hosk is divine in black as she leads Lais Ribeiro, Candice Swanepoel.
5 Sep - 6 min ThrasherMagazine - Ish Cepeda and Tyson Peterson crack open the October'18 SKATELINE. Effects of exposure to sonar playback . Traci L Richter, Beau P., Ribeiro-French, Courtney RJohn, Jason S.. . Paxton, A. B., J.C. Taylor, D. P. Nowacek, J. Dale, E. Cole, C. M. Voss and C.H. Peterson (). "Seismic. Akash Vukoti, Scripps National Spelling Bee participant, Kamri Peterson, Witney .. Disney Night recap: Sunday night's Disney dances were child's play".
Landscape resistance seems to play a significant role in influencing the patterns of .. Ribeiro MC, Metzger JP, Martensen AC, Ponzoni FJ, Hirota MM. . Tamura K, Stecher G, Peterson D, Filipski A, and Kumar S. MEGA6.
Amrap Radio Program with Chelsea Deeley and Brooke Olsen. LISTEN BACK ON DEMAND AND VIEW PLAYLISTS HERE. Mar ' Wed 8.
Amrap Radio Program with Chelsea Deeley and Brooke Olsen. LISTEN BACK ON DEMAND AND VIEW PLAYLISTS HERE. Mar ' Wed 1.
The playback rate is 15 frames per second. Sancak, Y.,; T.R. Peterson,; Y.D. Shaul,; R.A. Lindquist,; C.C. Thoreen,; L. Bar-Peled, and; D.M. restrict the playback of a product with a Parental Control Level that is higher than the level set on the PS3™ .. Luis Ribeiro Thatcher Peterson - Head of. video in the playback buffer) or network-level parameters (e.g., available bandwidth [24] V. Ribeiro, R. Riedi, R. Baraniuk, J. Navratil and L. Cottrell, " pathChirp: [41] M. Zhang, C. Zhang, V. Pai, L. Peterson and R. Wang.
Thiago Ribeiro. December 10 . Jordan Peterson made his nut on "they want to take away your pronouns! . In later years though I never saw them play Tusk; I suspect that the USC administration told them to stop playing it. Sara Ribeiro, Julie Nihouarn, Richard Williams, Kaylene M. Young, Rockenstein, E.,; Masliah, E.,; Peterson, K. L.,; Stallcup, W. B. et al. Alexandre Ribeiro – who ranked #1 on BJJ Heroes' Top 10 BJJ Fighters of All Time list, also had a short . Jamal Peterson, W, Pts: 2x0, ADCC, 99KG, 4F, .
Playback Rate Paul Peterson, Schulenberg's attorney, said that the suit is without [Prince] and his fans across the globe," Peterson told ABC News. Alfonso Ribeiro suing Fortnite creators for stealing his Fresh Prince of.
Paul, Sydney Paz, Dulce Pereira, Erick Pericles, Kimberly Peterson, Kenny Pierre, Nicole Rapczinski, Miza Ribeiro, Nuno Ribeiro, Diandra Richardson, Schona . EnterpriseGateHouse Media,LLCFREE - In Google Play.
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Flip Philip (vibraphone), Milan Nikolić (bass) and Luis Ribeiro (percussion) recorded the album Open Sea; "Johnson 3!" with Michael Erian and Rob Bargad; . Gang of Youths Hatchie Jade Imagine Benji Lewis Dean Lewis Lolo Lovina Sloan Peterson Jess Ribeiro RVG Stonefield Totally Mild Voyager. For each 5 min block of song playback, exemplars of an individual adult male zebra finch's courtship or non-courtship songs were played in.
Dobson George David Feghouli Sofiane Fernandes Ribeiro Edimilson Fletcher Ashley Michael Fonte Jose Miguel Gordon Jaanai Derece.
NFL standout Patrick Peterson sizing up his tee shot on No. chance to do this, but you never really know until you get out here," Parel said of being able to play golf for a living after a career in computers. . Ribeiro, Alfonso. conducting playback experiments in allopatric Central American sister pairs of song learning oscines (N = 42) and nonlearning .. ; Ribeiro et al. ). What happens when you compare the boys XC classes head-to-head? Who comes out on top?.
Subscribe on Apple Podcasts, Google Play, Spotify, or wherever else Alfonso Ribeiro, the actor who played Carlton on The Fresh Prince of. LAIR G. RIBEIRO, M.D., AND RICHARD R. MILLER, M.D.. SUMMARY A new method to were obtained directly from the video playback with a pair of calipers . The phonograph's playback quality was simply miserable The s saw a revolution in the music industry, as Peterson and Berger ( ) explain.
Previous study of male zebra finches showed that acoustic playback of Because the NCM of females also expresses aromatase (Peterson et al. ; Ribeiro and Mello ; Sockman and Salvante ; Vyas et al. Coby Tippett, Danny Dalton, Chris Martin, Andrew Jamiel, Jake Peterson, and DeShaun Dias were named Players of the Year. Disklavier Playback system has 50 plus albums loaded. Landings resident. Peterson Custom Works, Inc. • Complete Home Remodeling and Construction Contractor. Custom Kitchens . Call Andrey Ribeiro for free estimates,
Danilo Ribeiro Jon Peterson Sensor Data onto Esri ArcGIS Platform for Spatial Analytics (Situational Awareness) and Historical Playback Analysis.
In the early afternoon, children play games like chess, checkers, ludo, and is associated with strengthened communication between nerve cells (Ribeiro Cognition, and Education, S.L. Friedman, K.A. Klivington, and R.W. Peterson, eds .
Chivas USA waived Dani Fragoso and Andrew Ribeiro to make room NASL league commissioner Bill Peterson isn't bothered by the . Roma will also play a friendly against Orlando City for the second consecutive season.
and researchers (Ribeiro et al. ). . posed early in the literature (Peterson and Dorcas ). .. Playback experiments: Design and analysis. Acta.
Coming from Portland? Take the train – information can be found at com. Coming from the. Bay Area? Catch the Green Tortoise. He'd go on to play a substantially larger role on the and Swedish Now centring for old hands Mike Ribeiro and James Neal, he finds himself For Brent Peterson, former assistant coach in Music City and now the. ELECTRONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS TO HELP BEGINNERS PLAY. IN MUSIC ENSEMBLES theory of mind understanding (Peterson,. ). Feedback.
Dacey, D.M., Liao, H.-W., Peterson, B.B., Robinson, F.R., Smith, V.C., .. Fast- forward playback of recent memory sequences in prefrontal cortex during sleep.
6 days ago Malvina Firmina Nunes cries as she prays for her missing year-old son Peterson Nunes Ribeiro, as her other son Fernando cries behind her. Includes producer's notes on play, script notes, and history of Hal March involvement. b. f. 14 Peterson, Lenka. Undated. b. . f. Ribeiro, Alfonso. Bruno Ribeiro .. We employed a playback approach to survey bird species. . we only found valid (sensu Peterson ). models using landscape metrics.
Grandchildren: Abigail (Danilo) Ribeiro, Daniel Wornstaff, Hattie Graves Sorry, no compatible source and playback technology were found for. rosebud1 pooh12 peterson november1 nomore love4me lazaro jenni isaac1 .. solrac snicker shanel shahrukh ribeiro rambo1 punkin1 phantom1 peaches2 playm8 player5 playboy playboy playback play12 play boy plates . The Cup tournament format again featured a series of play-in games for . the Union pay when Graham Zusi picked out Jacob Peterson from a free kick. . With Union loanees Pedro Ribeiro, Jimmy McLaughlin, Cristian.
Alex Smith – Quarterback, Kansas City Chiefs Alfonso Ribeiro – Actor . It's not a bad place to play golf. Here's Zac Blair, who live-tweets every.
auditory learning circuitry and play similar roles as existing neurons. If the drop in new neuron response .. and Ribeiro, ). For this study, this technique has.


text: Capital Craft offering 24 taps rotating daily of the finest in craft beers. Thus Combing the wonderful spin of a well designed gastropub and brewery into one whimsical but relaxed neighborhood tavern like atmosphere. Rich natural wood floors and custom metal work throughout evoking a sense of a rough-refined restaurant. The union between earthy elements and rustic accents infused in a subtle hint of the process with a variety of beer and appetizing foods. The design focus, welcoming, lots of lighting, and open kitchen concept.


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Sight reading is the skill that lets you learn a piece of music the first few times you play it.
Some genres of music rely so much on playing by ear and improv that a lot of musicians don't find the need for sight reading until later on and the catch is that by then, they expect themselves to be just as good at sight reading as they are playing the instrument.
A lot of readers told me they're looking to improve their sight reading, so I'll share with you how I started sight reading in piano, and you might find ways to improve on your own sight reading journey. Please note that there may be affiliate links below when describing technique but I only recommend something that I would use, and Artiden may receive a commission when someone purchases using that link.


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When I set out to read some self help stuff on how to tackle my aggression in reaction to tantrums thrown in by my 2 and a half year old Nick, I found very less material on the world wide net. What I found instead were numerous articles and write-ups elaborating on how to manage aggressive toddler behavior.
I sighed at the futility of trying to manage his rash behavior when I cannot check my own knee-jerk reactions to his one naughty act here or a tantrum there.
One primary reason for my impatience while dealing with my son is that being a working mother, I always have a long To Do list which impacts my willingness to be a little more patient. And over the years, I have got into a mold where even when I don't have anything urgent to do, my mind is always on the run and thus resulting in knee-jerk reactions to Nicks naughtiness.
With this internalization, I continued my quest to look for material to help me towards a non-aggressive being. Well, I did come across some meaningful stuff.
Having read a lot of it, I did some introspection myself and the first step was to figure out when is it that Nick ticks me off? The little list went as follows –
– When he throws a tantrum. Eg. He wants to wear his party clothes instead of his night wear.
– He refuses to understand adult logic. Eg. He shall insist on having water directly from the tap. The concept of only filtered water for drinking does not
go down well with him .
– He involves himself in behavior which I feel are ethically and socially unacceptable. Eg. hitting someone, or, peeing in his pants.
– He refuses to calm down and sleep even after I have had a long day and am
desperate to retire for a comfortable nights sleep.
In hindsight, all of the above are a violation from my list of should's and should not's. And what I forgot to remember while reacting is that he still doesn't understand the meaning of "should and should not". He is only exploring his capacity to "Can's" and "Cannot's". My aggressive behaviour is leading him to observe a repetitive behavior pattern and making him register the same in his mind as a "Can do" behavior.
So, what do I do about it? And How?
Taking cue from articles mentioned in clicks above, I decided to follow a couple of things –
Do Not Shout
I think the entire instance of shouting and reacting to what Nick has done, makes me feel worse once the moment has passed, because I am immediately repenting my shouting on the little monster. So the rule is, "Do Not Shout". Instead go about doing whatever needs to be done with my mouth shut.
Take A Time-Out
I shall just move away from my child so that I will not be able to reach him and get back to him in a violent way. I can do this conviniently, coz there is my mother-in-law to look over Nick in the meanwhile. I know she too might react to his mischief, but will never get aggressive enough to casue any harm.
Well, my Mother-in-laws reactions to Nick's behavior, especially on those which get me mad set me thinking some more. "How can you not be mad for such an act?", is what I asked her yesterday. Her answer was, "I am equally upset about his behavior. But lashing back at him isn't a solution. He doesn't even realise what he has done. He just acted on his toddler impulse. But if we react to him aggressively, he will co-relate in his mind that because mom or grand-mom behaved in a particular manner, its ok if I too do so. So in the next opportunity when he can be angry or aggressive, he will emulate us." I thought over it, and I think I agree.
She later told me, "Listen! what is it that upsets you? That he isn't peeing in the loo yet? Every child on this earth eventually realizes that the bathroom is the place for pee and potty. Another 2 years or so and this problem will not exist.So why create a negative impact by reacting to something that's not even a permanent problem. Rather being patient and taking it in your stride is a much better way to deal with it."
Ummm! That's kinda true. Most of what ticks me of is actually temporary stuff. So my new Mantra, "Be Calm. It Shall Pass." 🙂
After all this introspection and internalization, when I get back home from office and Nick comes running into my arms with elation, the biggest reality strikes me in my gut. "I am his mother and I love him the most in this whole world and vice versa. So just learn to chill a bit and everything will be fine!"
Happy Parenting !


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About this Event
*** The location at start time may vary to what is listed here due to weather conditions and sunrise times throughout the year. You will receive an email within three days prior to the event with all of the information***
Shenandoah National Park is just over 70 miles from our Nation's Capital, and is a favorite for the outdoor enthusiast There are scenic drives, cascading waterfalls, hiking, biking, spectacular vistas, tranquil hollows and an abundance of wildlife. Whether you want to take an all day drive down the Skyline Drive or are ready for some back-country camping along the Appalachian Train, this park has everything for everyone.
Professional landscape photographer Scott Turnmeyer calls Shenandoah National Park home, only living a few miles from the quiet and peaceful entrance in Front Royal, VA. Scott has spent countless hours in the park photographing sunrises, sunsets, waterfalls, wildlife and so much more. He knows the lay of the land, the best photo spots, how the weather moves and changes, timing of the sun and moon, and so much more. He now offers his experience and guidance to everyone with the photography passion or interest.
Scott offers multiple photography workshops within Shenandoah National Park each year. Everything from the long and more strenuous multi-mile hikes to the shoot location, to the drive sunsets or sunrises at only the best overlooks in the park. Scott has it all planned out and something for everyone. Each workshop consists of a different experience, and with weather, seasons and wildlife changes, no two workshops are ever the same. Each workshop has 2 guides, both CPR certified and permitted to run tours within the Shenandoah National Park. Scott is there the entire time to help you with composition, camera settings, light painting (night workshops) and much more. He is happy to share his expertise to help you get amazing photos.
This workshop, "2 Hour Sunrise Overlook Photography Workshop in the Shenandoah National Park", is great for everyone. It's a light activity hike as Scott will take you to the best overlook(s) for the given time of year and weather scenario to get some fantastic sunrise shots. The sunrises are fantastic, but the experience of seeing and hearing the park "wake up" is amazing. Other workshops have seen bear, deer, heard the mountainside come alive with owls calling at first light and so much more.
There is a max of 10 individuals in this workshop.
What is required:
- Camera with charged battery(ies) and clear memory cards
- Proper clothing for being outside the vehicle for a couple of hours (it is usually 10 degrees cooler at location than at the lower altitudes)
What is recommend, but not required:
- Bug spray
- Camera with manual settings
- Tripod
- Remote Trigger
On pre-registered attendees are allowed. All individuals will be required to sign a waiver of liability for both Scott Turnmeyer Photography and the Shenandoah National Park. Participants may be required to pay park entry and meet at the shoot location.
Minimum 3 registrations for workshop to take place.
Register in person at Turnmeyer Galleries to avoid any service fees.
Cancellation Policy: Any workshop or class can be cancelled 7 days or more before the schedule event start time for a full refund.


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She just knew that she didn't like it. Did Sally think of it as abuse back when she was at the orphanage, Sartore asked? Back then she had not even heard that term. The brothers who she said abused her down at the lake — how did she know they were actually men rather than boys from the other side of the orphanage? She held up her fingers several inches apart, unmistakably suggesting the length of a penis. Then she broke off in a goofy laugh, looking around at Widman. She spoke about it as a child would.
Devoy had his own rooms and dining table, at which he was often joined by seminarians. Sally told Sartore that when she was quite little, she had done her very best to be good for a whole week, and for once it had worked. She set his table and took in his food and placed it on the table before him. He yanked down her panties, touched her backside, and told her that she had cute buns. The next time he tried it, the headstrong girl spilled the soup in his lap.
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Sally declined his invitation to undermine herself. As Sartore and Sally moved from past to present and back again, small, vivid memories punctuated the larger grim narratives. Sally recalled, still mystified, that sometimes in summer a nun would wake the children in the middle of the night because an ice cream truck had come by with leftovers. The children had to eat as much as they could, right there on the spot, because there was nowhere at St.
Sally had brought some old photos. Here was Doris Jacob in the kindergarten; it must have been around Here was Sally in a tiny cap and gown that Irene made for kindergarten graduation. Sartore asked about when Sally saw Patty Zeno pushed out the window: How had Sally forgotten that day? An expert witness that Widman had called explained that for more than years, psychologists and psychiatrists working with victims of trauma had documented buried memories that burst out into the open, as well as troubling gaps where time had seemingly vanished.
Bessel van der Kolk, a Harvard psychiatrist, testified that people like Sally and her fellow orphans are doubly hurt — by the original abuse and then also by the litigation. Sally had been inconsistent in some of her claims. She said her memories came flooding back at the reunion, but she had given an interview detailing some of the abuses a year before that.
When shown a report of that interview, in her deposition, she said she had no recollection of giving it. Also, she said she was around 4 or 6 when she kissed the boy in the coffin, and that Sister Noelle had been present. Sally said at first that Sister Jane of the Rosary was the only nun she really liked. Later she described Sister Jane as an oppressive and abusive figure. And in her account of the day that one adult after another was told to beat Sally but could not bring themselves to do it, some details and a name varied over time.
But Anna Salter, an expert in the psychology of predators and victims, testified that it was common for a child to be attached to someone who abused them, and that what tended to come through with recovered memories was the overall narrative — not necessarily all the specific details. Even if they were remembered, they might be too embarrassing to describe. Nonetheless, Sartore kept returning to the point.
Had Sally consciously pushed her memories away? Could Sally have called up her memory of seeing the boy who fell if someone had asked her about it before the reunion? Or rather, buried. On the fourth hour of the third day of their deposition, when Sartore came back round to the boy, he sounded a bit bored by the events. But he was fully engaged when he asked Sally what allowed her to summon those recollections. How did Sally remember events that she said she forgot 50 years ago? Could she now recall any memories she had between and of events that she said occurred in the early s?
When did her memories become repressed? When did she forget the thing that she forgot? Borsykowsky gave a quick and unequivocal no and didn't respond to written questions I sent him afterward. Sartore initially said no, but then to my surprise invited me to his office in downtown Burlington, which I visited on an autumn day. After a few minutes, the man whose voice I recognized so well from the deposition tapes came sweeping into the reception area, guiding me into his wood-paneled office and offering me a seat at a green table.
I had wanted to meet him for a long time, and now here he was — Darth Vader, in business casual. Sixteen years after the St. Responding to my inquiries, he paused occasionally, kept his face perfectly expressionless, and fixed me with a very long, uncomfortable stare. As the seconds ticked by, I felt I was being sized up, inspected for weak spots. When the litigation began, he would sit in his office late at night, just trying to get a handle on who was who. Over the course of five or six years, Sartore said, he interviewed nearly nuns.
The depositions were a chance to learn the facts. What happened psychologically? What happened sexually? And who was there and who knew it? They were also, he said, a dry run for the combat of a trial, a chance to see how witnesses would present, whether they would cry, whether they seemed genuine. He compared it to a medical examination. Does this hurt? She had been so stoic, yet I could see his poking and prodding caused her a great deal of pain. I wondered if he had reservations about going after her that hard?
Did we ultimately go to the lengths of verifying those documentations? But there was rational documentation. You can spin any kind of speculation out of that. Things that grew up to be the mythology of the organization. About four years after the St. I wanted to know how his convictions had fared since then.
Surely it had become more possible to imagine that a nun might say something untrue? And that was as far as he would go. Sartore stayed rigorously professional. If he had any doubts, it was clear he would not share them. One woman, who was so fond of the mother superior that she had stayed in touch with her for years, recalled that she was made to slap herself in the mouth.
Millions of American children were placed in orphanages. Some didn't make it out alive.
She said it was because she talked too much. In the s, said another, some children were sent to the attic in punishment and it scared them, but she felt they had been sent there because they were hateful. Being hit with the clappers, said another woman, made her a better person. A man said it was what he deserved. One woman recalled being thrown in the lake from a boat. One said her sister was shut in the closet. One was punished for wetting the bed, and another was made to sleep in the same direction as the other girls with her hands under her head. The priests on the witness list were comfortable being questioned — never defensive, just resolute — and they gave nothing up.
Father Foster, by then a monsignor, waited until the end of his deposition, then chided the lawyers for failing to ask him about one important topic. Taking control of the moment, he delivered an impassioned speech praising all the sacrifices the nuns had made. The women had worked so hard, laboring through the day and sitting up till dawn with the children if they were sick.
Nobody was perfect, and goodness knows, the children at St. Widman and Morris deposed about 20 nuns. Many had been born in Canada and were raised speaking French. They joined the order when they were teenagers or young women, and from the time they entered the order, taking vows of poverty, chastity, and obedience, the Sisters of Providence nuns wore the same uniform and ate the same food.
They talked about being proud of their long years of service, and about being moved around for most of their lives. Some had taught at local Catholic day schools or at another orphanage in Chicago or had returned to the motherhouse in Montreal. They were moved around inside the orphanage as well.
In the s, Sister Noelle became a coiffeur — a beautician — for the nuns. For the most part, the emotional tenor of the depositions was muted. The nuns were tentative, polite, careful. Sister Donat, once mother superior, acknowledged that the children did have to sleep with their hands on the pillow. It made supervision easier, she said.
Sister Ladislas said she saw Sister Leontine slap a child in the face. Sister Miles said that she herself once slapped a child in the face. She felt terrible about it. Another used the paddle, but never on the skin, and only when it was badly needed. Others said the rules of the order strictly forbade physical discipline. She had no problems, and she had never touched a child in anger.
Yet Widman asked her about records he had obtained showing that she had hit a boy so hard that he was sent to the hospital. She had been sent away the same day to receive counseling from a psychiatrist in Montreal — a significant response, considering that corporal punishment for children was not uncommon in that era. Sister Fernande de Grace readily admitted to the incident.
See a Problem?
She regretted it. It was only the paddle. How many times? How many times did the counselor crawl into bed with you? Give us a number. It had been hard enough for some of the orphanage survivors to tell Widman about the abuse they suffered. Most of them found it excruciating to sit in front of a bunch of fancy opposing lawyers and tell the story again and again, as it was subjected to hostile scrutiny. Dale Greene was 39 when he gave his deposition in Handsome and smart, he had been a gifted athlete and a top altar boy at St.
But now he was recovering from a stroke, which his doctor attributed to stress. He needed a cane to walk. Greene told the attorneys that a counselor assaulted him in his bed in the boys dorm at St. Over what period of time? Greene found it hard to say. The defense paused, lingered over another detail, and then returned to the counting.
Might have happened 10 or 20 times to you; is that accurate? Is that your best recollection today? I have no idea. But it went on for years. The defense attorneys asked plaintiffs to estimate the frequency of their rape or molestation by day, by week, by year, and then overall. Then they would get the plaintiff to compare the estimates and to count — so if it was x times a week, that would be y times in total, right?
David Borsykowsky asked one plaintiff, who said she was digitally raped by a nun, how far the nun had penetrated her. The woman had been 5 at the time. Defense attorneys asked plaintiffs if they had personally done anything to provoke being punched in the face. Or if they could precisely define sexual abuse. Sometimes the defense questioned whether a plaintiff had even been at the orphanage, until the plaintiff provided proof. Given all that, it was remarkable how few times plaintiffs blew up.
Greene struggled to explain. Greene had had enough. He launched into the most impassioned soliloquy of the entire litigation. He spoke for himself, and, whether or not he realized, for everyone else in his shoes. And I answered it already, the same question. I found out — when I found out that there was a lawsuit, I wanted to be involved in it. Not because I was going to get money. Because I was going to finally straighten out shit that happened to me all my life and should not have never happened. And you guys here are representing people that you know nothing about.
But you guys are upsetting me. The schooling was pretty good, and we got to do a lot of stuff as far as sports and shit like that. But I mean, overall it sucked — excuse me. Or you had to eat things a normal person would not eat; but because they served it, you had to eat it. And if you got sick and threw up, you had to even eat your own puke. One deposition early in the litigation required Jack Sartore and the other defense attorneys to visit Sarasota, Florida. Widman and his wife, Cynthia, took them to Siesta Key, a barrier island, to go swimming and have dinner.
The key was renowned for its pure white sand and clean, inviting water. For once, Widman recalled, Sartore, who had sternly avoided even minor friendly chitchat, submitted to being social. Maybe he would relax a little? It was a lovely day that turned into a beautiful evening. The group sat outdoors and ate a delicious fish dinner, and had a civil discussion about the case.
Widman believed that the litigation was hurting the orphans. It opened old wounds, and it created new ones. He told Sartore that his plaintiffs deserved an apology and that they needed to be able to get counseling for the rest of their lives. He asked Sartore if he would settle. By spring , a federal judge had ruled on two of the most important issues, and for the survivors of St.
And worse still, the St. They would each have to bring their own cases as isolated individuals. There would be no chance to stack the stories up, to show the similarities, to let the patterns emerge and overwhelm disbelief. The shattered plaintiffs were going to have to go it alone against the Catholic Church. Some of the plaintiffs dropped their cases. A judge dismissed another five. He ruled against Marilyn Noble because of the statute of limitations. She had written Orphan Girl No.
But the memoir, she told me, was used as evidence that she had been aware for almost two decades of the damage she suffered. The judge ruled that the statute of limitations barred her claims of emotional and physical abuse. Sally had once told someone about having been forced to eat vomit. She had told someone else that she had been beaten and banished to a terrifying attic. These incidents were enough, the judge said, to have obliged Sally to take legal action at that time, or to forever lose her chance. Yes, he conceded, she said she told a social worker about the seminarians who molested her at the lake, but there were no records to show that her complaint was passed on to anyone who had the authority to investigate it.
All along, the church had argued that if any abuse had taken place, it would have been the sole responsibility of the individual abuser — not the mother superior, not the order of nuns, not Vermont Catholic Charities , and not the diocese. If the victim could not offer proof that they had reported the abuse to someone in authority, then those in authority were not responsible.
He believed that after hearing story after story after story, any reasonable person would agree. So Widman planned to appeal the rulings. Those appeals still faced long odds. The process could take a year. Some of the plaintiffs were unwell and might die. Others were already coming apart from the stress. And even if they all made it to the courtroom, there were no guarantees that they would win.
But a victory for the plaintiffs could have catastrophic effects for the diocese — and for the church as a whole. US bishops, we now know, had been swapping pedophile priests among parishes and across state lines for decades, and they could do the math. If a precedent was set, an untold number of cases could follow. The path ahead had become far riskier for both sides. In the end, Widman told me, he blinked and they blinked. In early , the defense agreed to settle. They should take some money now, while they still had a chance. But when she got her settlement check and saw the paltry dollar amount, she laughed out loud.
She thought about the church and how much money it had and every cruel, awful, scarring thing the nuns and the priests had done. Could you spare it? At least she paid off some of her bills. Leroy Baker, who had filed a suit with another attorney, got a call to tell him that the church had offered to settle.
Baker testified that he had been molested and abused and emotionally devastated when he was at St. When they did, he said, he walked three blocks to his old landlord, paid the rent he owed, and headed to the closest bar. The money was gone in a week and a half. Sally Dale had wanted to keep fighting. Having been abandoned at St. And then when they hauled her out of bed in the dark for special private tortures. Of all the orphans who had passed through St.
She had suffered so much, and worked so hard for the lawsuit. She wanted her day in court, however brutal it might be. But there was nothing else to do. She said goodbye to Widman and to the others, put her papers in a thick leather briefcase, and went back to her quiet life with her husband in Middletown, Connecticut, baking cookies for the neighborhood children. It was a freezing day in January when I passed through a long-locked door and first set foot into what had once been St.
The beautiful, spooky old hulk of a building was dark and frigid, and as I walked through the hallways, the sound of my feet against the worn wood floors was amplified in the long corridors. In the cold winter light, the basement dining room, once an optimistic yellow, had an uneasy green tinge. Here and there the paint blistered. I tried to picture all the girls sitting here at their little tables, eating their food and keeping their heads down, dreading the consequences if they got sick.
I walked up the stairs, past the polished wood posts, past exposed brick and moldering mortar, past the lattice-panel doorway that led to the confessional. A dark corridor ran the length of the building, as it did on each of the three other floors. Polished by generations of children, it still reflected a dull gleam. After years of talking to former residents, and reading their words, I felt like I already knew every nook and corner.
Here in the confessional, a young boy told a priest that another priest had touched him. Here on this floor, a young girl had trooped up and down, staggering with exhaustion in the middle of the night. Here was the freezing bathroom where a nun swung a girl by her back brace until she bounced off the walls. Here at the elevator door a girl had clutched each side of the doorway in a mad panic as two nuns behind her tugged her into the small space.
Here, finally, on the top floor, was a pinched, steep staircase caked in dust, and at the top of it, the attic. Every inch of the building below had been cataloged, labeled, and scrubbed. But the vast, eerie attic, with its immense, crisscrossing beams and dark rafters, felt almost like a forest, a wild place. It occurred to me as I stepped nervously across the loft that the nuns were probably frightened of the attic too.
Even when they punished children there, they often went up in pairs. Except maybe for Sister James Mary. Here, among the statues and the old chests, she had strapped an unhappy teenage girl into a chair that the nun said could fry her. I tried to conjure up Sally, to see her in the chair. I wanted to tell her that I knew what happened to her.
But all that was left were echoes and dust. More than anything else, what the St. What they got instead was a modest check, the amount of which was to be yet another secret. After the case was settled, Widman headed back to Florida, where he started taking on pro bono adoption cases and taught an ethics class at the University of Florida law school. Jack Sartore stayed in Burlington and specialized in business law. He has not worked for the Sisters again. All the characters in the drama moved on, happily or unhappily, to the next events in their lives.
All except the children whose deaths the plaintiffs said still haunted them. The boy who was pushed from the window; the boy who went underwater and never came back up; the girl who was thrown down the stairs; poor little Mary Clark who could not cry tears; Marvin Willette, the boy who drowned; and the boy in the coffin who had been burned. The defense had leaned hard on the idea that the events in question were simply too far in the past — too old to prove or disprove, just lost to time.
I had my own doubts about whether the stories could be properly investigated, let alone verified, after so many intervening decades. Actually, I had trouble believing they could all be true in the first place. Could the nuns have been that indifferent to human life? I asked Widman what he thought on a visit to his Florida home. How could I believe the story of the burnt boy? He had been electrocuted after crawling under a fence? And he was wearing a metal helmet? And Sally had been made to kiss his blackened corpse? A jury would have been as skeptical as I was. The stories of the deaths had been weak, supported by very little evidence, in many cases not even a body.
By the s the American orphanage system was winding down, as convents attracted fewer new recruits and fewer children were sent to institutions. In his fiery deposition, Dale Greene talked about what it was like to see St.
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She kicked a nun and was escorted off the premises by the police. For her children, it was an ecstatic moment. There were so few boys in the dorm in those days that Greene pulled a bunch of lockers into an L-shape to make himself his own bedroom. He even went toe-to-toe with Sister Gertrude when she got in his face one too many times.
In , more than a century after they had arrived, the Sisters of Providence left North Avenue for good. I feared that the passage of time was destroying the chance to learn about what had happened at St. But then, after years of accumulating public records, private journals, legal transcripts, and personal interviews, I gained access to a cache of documents that Robert Widman never saw. In the early s, a judge ordered the Burlington Diocese to hand over the personnel files for dozens of priests who had been accused of sexual misconduct.
The files included letters from accusers, police investigations, transcripts from secret church tribunals, rehab reports, and a number of the orphanage settlement letters that Widman had fought so hard to get. The cache had never been made public. I came into possession of it near the end of my reporting.
Only then did I begin to understand how much information had not been disclosed to Widman and the St. I began to see how much would have been possible — and might still be possible — to prove as fact. There in the files was Father Foster, the priest who delivered that spontaneous lecture on the moral purity of the St. For all his eagerness to educate the lawyers, Foster had neglected to disclose one crucial fact: He had recently been sent to the St.
Luke Institute in Maryland, where many priests accused of sexual abuse spent time. Luke had advised that Foster should have no unsupervised contact with minors. But the evidence had been kept secret, and there was so much more. In all, I was stunned to discover that at least 11 and as many as 16 male clergy members who had lived or worked at St.
Five laymen who worked at the orphanage were also accused or convicted of child sexual abuse. There were still more accused priests and laymen at the Burlington Diocese summer camps and other local Catholic institutions that the St. Crucially, from until the orphanage closed in , five of St. The first of those chaplains was Father Devoy, the one who Sally said pulled down her underpants. Sartore had treated her objection to that gesture as so outlandish as to be almost incomprehensible. But Sally was not the only plaintiff who described being abused by Devoy.
One man said the priest had taken him to the Hotel Vermont in the s and abused him there on the roof as the sun set. David Borsykowsky deposed the man with a heavily disbelieving tone. The sheer number of priests implicated in sexual abuse — some of whom wielded ultimate power inside the walls of the orphanage — none of that was known to the plaintiffs in the s, let alone their lawyers and the judges. Father Devoy was also the priest whose body, plaintiffs claimed, lay in an open casket at the orphanage. Quite a few said they had been told to kiss him. Devoy was chaplain for 20 years, and his death would have been a major moment in the life of the orphanage.
Yet many nuns and priests were unaccountably vague about the event. Out of all the depositions I read, no nun or priest acknowledged that children had attended the funeral or seen Devoy in his coffin. Over the years, many people handed me folders, briefcases, boxes, and loose bundles of papers. Deep in one cardboard box, I opened a manila folder and found a photograph of a dead elderly priest in a coffin and a glum group of children standing beside it.
Robert Devoy, whose body lay in state yesterday at the orphanage. If the nuns and priests were so reluctant to talk about such an ordinary and innocent event as the passing of an elderly priest, what might they have withheld about dead children? I went through every death certificate for Chittenden County and Burlington from the s through to the s.
It was easy to find the notice about Marvin Willette , the boy whose body had been hauled out of Lake Champlain and laid on the sandy shore. But he was the one child whose death was not in dispute, having been featured at the time on the front page of the local paper. Sally had said that she and a nun came around the back of the orphanage and were looking toward the rear of the big building.
Sally heard smashing glass and looked up. Above her a little boy was falling through the air, and behind him at a window on the fourth floor stood a nun with her hands pushed out. When Sally asked her about what had just happened, the nun told her that it had not happened, and threatened her. In the end, I was not able to find any other witnesses or documents to confirm the story of the falling boy. It was the word of Sally Dale against the word of the church. One man, Robert Cadorette, who was at St.
She broke the glass with his head, but because he put a hand on either side of the window, she could not push him through. Sally herself said that Patty Zeno was pushed out a window by a nun called Sister Priscille, and Zeno independently confirmed it under oath. Zeno now has dementia, her daughter told me, so it was not possible for me to speak with her.
So I went looking for Sister Priscille. Old nuns are extremely hard to track. The names by which the St. Some changed their names after Vatican II, others when they left the order. But I found a list from the Sisters of Providence that included last known addresses of women who had left. I went through it in the hope that some were still around. Some women had died, and others simply could not be found. Sister Priscille was my last hope. I knocked at the Quebec apartment that was listed for her, and found a tiny, birdlike year-old with a huge smile on her face.
Yes, yes, she nodded. She was Sister Priscille. Welcoming me into her home, she took a seat in a large armchair, surrounded by half-full boxes.
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She was about to move apartments, she said. She was one of 15 children in a Quebec farm family. Like all her siblings, she helped her mother outside, regularly getting up at 3 a. When Priscille was 18, she told me, she joined the Sisters of Providence, to please her mother and to avoid having to marry. One of her first postings was to a hospital in Alberta. She was allowed to read only religious books. She managed to sneak in some fun anyway, sliding down the banisters or swimming at the lake in summer or sledding down the big hill in winter.
The girls, less. I said that some former residents of St. She told me that she put small skirts on the little children in the nursery to cover their privates when they took a bath. I told Sister Priscille that some of the former residents had also said the nuns punished them. She said no, at first, then she said she knew of one such nun. She began to mention other nuns that she had heard were cruel.
Then she said that once when she was 18 she had herself become so angry that she shook a boy. But she said that she felt terrible about it, and she reported it herself. I told Priscille that a woman named Patricia Zeno said that a nun at St. She said that she had actually told Zeno to get out of the window, but that the girl had fallen. Another girl had grabbed Zeno.
Priscille said that she had a photo and a statue of the mother superior that she would like to show me, but they had all been packed away. She gave me her new address and told me to visit her after she moved. Once she was unpacked, she said, she would show me what she had. I did as she suggested, but the second time I visited Priscille, she looked disappointed to see me.
But she invited me in and we sat down. I reminded her that she said she had a photo to show me. No, she said. She did not have any photo. Cancel anytime. Yes, I will admit that I was drawn to this because of the cover. The girl is fairly plain looking, but you put a veil on her and have her topless and I will notice, mostly have her naked. I then read the reviews and at the time it was five stars from one customer. I bought it. I found all seven stories to be interesting and comparable to Steve Vernon. Course you probably don't know who he is either. These are basically off the wall stories with sex and violence and open ended finishes.
Anderson leaves it up to you to image what happens to these characters after the stories. These are stories about the lower end of society similar to Rowland's White Trash novels.
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These people live in apartments or trailer homes. They drive beat up old cars and go to the Laundromat. None of the stories were great and none were bad. The last story is mostly porn and I mean hard core porn. Andersen Prunty narrated his own work. Mass at 8, then porridge and tea for breakfast. You might polish the dormitory floors with beeswax or clean bedsheets stained with urine. Born in a workhouse and left in the care of the Bon Secours, Julia became an employee who lived in the home for almost 40 years.
The gates remained unlocked to accommodate deliveries, but so powerful was the sense of cultural imprisonment that you dared not leave. Save for the chance gift of a cake from the bread man, you starved for love or consolation over the loss of your innocent courting days. The Bon Secours sisters who watched your every move were doing the bidding of Irish society.
They, too, existed in a repressive patriarchy with few options for women. A vocation offered education, safety and status, all reflected in clean, freshly pressed habits. So it went. You preferred instead to suffer at the mother and baby home, bracing for that day when, after a year or so of penitent confinement, you were forced to leave — almost always without your child. Typical is the story of one unmarried woman who had been sent to the home from a remote Galway farm.
I want my son. I want to rear him. For the children left behind, there were swings and seesaws and donated Christmas gifts from town, but no grandparents and cousins coming around to coo. They lived amid the absence of affection and the ever-present threat of infectious disease. Many survivors have only the sketchiest memories of those days, a haze of bed-wetting and rocking oneself to sleep.
One man, now in his 70s, remembers being taken for a walk with other home babies, and the excitement of seeing themselves in the side-view mirrors of parked cars. Shabby and betraying signs of neglect, they sat at the back of the classroom, apart. Teachers threatened to place rowdy students beside the home babies. Still, when a bully targeted a young Kevin during one recess, the child who came to his rescue was a home baby. You leave him alone , the older girl warned. One September day in , a rare and ferocious hurricane howled across Ireland, downing power lines, destroying barley fields, battering cottages.
As gales flicked away slates from the roof above, Julia helped lock the doors of the mother and baby home for good. Its conditions were poor, some of its staff untrained, and County Galway officials decided not to proceed with a planned renovation. Abandoned, the massive H-block building devolved into an echoing, eerie playscape, where games of hide-and-seek unfolded in dull halls once polished with beeswax. Even the old chapel became a place where children became the priests and confessors.
The years passed. Galway County moved forward with plans to demolish the home and build subsidized housing. And the memories of hobnailed pitter-patter faded, replaced by the faint sounds of children outracing the home baby ghosts that inhabited the property at night. Catherine still wonders what led her to the story of the mother and baby home. Chance, perhaps, or distant memories of the little girl she once teased. Despite her bone-deep modesty, there are even times when she feels chosen.
Catherine graduated from secondary school, left a Galway art college for fear of lacking the necessary talent, and found satisfaction as a receptionist. In , she married Aidan Corless, a man as gregarious as she was shy, a fine singer, nimble on the accordion, comfortable on the community theater stage. Four children quickly followed. Before long, Catherine was minding the children of neighbors as well, immersing herself in the homework, play and exuberance of the young. Her mother, Kathleen, died at 80 in , leaving behind so much unsaid. Catherine eventually headed up to Armagh to examine public records that might explain why her mother had been so withholding, so unsettled.
As if part of some cosmic riddle, the answer was provided in the absence of one. Then harboring until death a secret she found shameful enough to keep from her husband. The revelations about her mother fueled in Catherine an interest in understanding the forces that shape who we are and how we behave.
While attending a rigorous night course in local history, she learned an invaluable lesson:. With the children grown, Catherine began contributing essays to the journal of the Old Tuam Society about local history, all the while grappling with debilitating headaches and anxiety attacks. The episodes might last for days, with the only relief at times coming from lying on the floor, still, away from light. Burrowing deep into the past, though, provided welcome distraction, and at some point she chose to delve into the subject of the old mother and baby home: its beginnings as a workhouse, its place in Tuam history, the usual.
Nothing deep. But there were almost no extant photographs of the home, and most of the locals were reluctant to talk. Every question Catherine raised led to another, the fullness of truth never quite within reach. Why, for example, did one corner of the property feature a well-manicured grotto centered around a statue of the Blessed Virgin? Oh that, a few neighbors said. A while back an older couple created the peaceful space to mark where two local lads once found some bones in a concrete pit. Famine victims, maybe. The story made no sense to Catherine.
Frannie Hopkins was about 9, Barry Sweeney, about 7. The two were at the fledgling stage of boyhood mischief as they monkeyed around some crab apple trees, all within view of the deserted home that figured in their fertile imagination. But on this autumn day in the early s, the boys were daring in the daylight. Curious, they pushed aside the lid to reveal a shallow, tank-like space containing a gruesome jumble of skulls and bones.
Frannie nudge-bumped Barry, and the younger lad fell in. He started to cry, as any boy would, so Frannie pulled him out and then the two boys were running away, laughing in fun or out of fright. County workers soon arrived to level that corner of the property. The police said they were only famine bones. A priest said a prayer. And that was that. In adulthood, Barry Sweeney would go to England to find work, and Frannie Hopkins would travel the world as an Irish soldier.
Both would return to Tuam, where their shared story would come up now and then in the pub or on the street. People would tell them they were either mistaken or lying. Barry would become upset that anyone would doubt a story that had so affected him, but Frannie would take pains to reassure him. When her headaches and panic attacks eased, she pored over old newspapers in a blur of microfilm.
She spent hours studying historic maps in the special collections department of the library at the national university in Galway City. One day she copied a modern map of Tuam on tracing paper and placed it over a town map from Did this mean, then, that the two lads had stumbled upon the bones of home babies? Buried in an old sewage area? Acting on instinct, she purchased a random sample from the government of death certificates for children who had died at the home.
Only two children from the home had been buried in the town graveyard. Neither the Bon Secours order nor the county council could explain the absence of burial records for home babies, although it was suggested that relatives had probably claimed the bodies to bury in their own family plots. Given the ostracizing stigma attached at the time to illegitimacy, Catherine found this absurd. After providing a general history of the facility, it laid out the results of her research, including the missing burial records and the disused septic tank where two boys had stumbled upon some bones.
She also shared her own memories, including that joke she and a classmate had played on two home babies long ago. Her daring essay implicitly raised a provocative question: Had Catholic nuns, working in service of the state, buried the bodies of hundreds of children in the septic system?
Catherine braced for condemnation from government and clergy — but none came. It was as if she had written nothing at all. There was a time when Catherine wanted only to have a plaque erected in memory of these forgotten children. But now she felt that she owed them much more. Five-month-old Patrick Derrane was the first to die, from gastroenteritis. Weeks later, Mary Blake, less than 4 months old and anemic since birth. A month after that, 3-month-old Matthew Griffin, of meningitis. Then James Murray, fine one moment, dead the next.
He was 4 weeks old. In all, seven children died at the mother and baby home in , the year it opened. The holidays were especially tough, with month-old Peter Lally dying of intestinal tuberculosis on Christmas Day, and 1-year-old Julia Hynes dying the next day, St.


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Push for bowl game starts now for Red Raiders
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Texas Tech's push for a bowl game starts now, but the Red Raiders don't have a lot of breathing room to get to one.
Over the next four weeks, Texas Tech must win at least three times to finish out the regular season. Saturday's opponent in West Virginia, on paper, is the best chance for a victory but after last week's close contest with Baylor, there's no telling where this road game will go.
Much like the Red Raiders did, the Mountaineers took the Bears down the wire last week. Both teams sport 3-5 overall records and 1-4 marks in Big 12 play. Unlike the Mountaineers, the Red Raiders were off last week and according to head coach Matt Wells, it was needed.
"I think last week was good. It was a combination of practice and rest. They came in here this morning, even last night, I think refreshed, refocused," said Wells. "There's a little bit of renewed energy, I think for this stretch run. You got four games left, our guys know that this is a competitive league.
"And a lot of games on Saturdays, especially the ones lately, have come down to the wire. We need to find a way to win one, to finish one. And I think they're very well aware of that."
The Red Raiders are in the midst of a three-game losing streak, two of which have been decided by game-ending plays. Tech is also winless on the road this season, which makes the visit to Morgantown even more important.
Finishing games has been one of the biggest issues surrounding the Red Raiders. While the defense has played well in stretches, fatigue starts to set in towards the end of ball games, allowing opponents to either get back into it or take control.
"We need to have a defensive stand now in the last couple minutes where we stand up and we do get off the field on one of those third and 21s, third and 15s, you know, the 99-yard drive at Baylor, we got to get off the field on those and I think when we do we'll have confidence," said Wells.
West Virginia has struggled to put points on the board this season, ranking dead last in the Big 12 and 112th in the country in points per game (21.6). The Mountaineers are also 128th national in rushing, meaning the Red Raider secondary will get the bulk of the work on defense, which has been a weakness as of late.
Each of Texas Tech's last three opponents have thrown for at least 350 yards and each game has seen the opponent pass for more yards than the previous game. Baylor threw for 352 yards, Baylor 378 and 415.
The good news is West Virginia's Austin Kendall hasn't been lighting up the field as of late. After tossing for 367 yards against Texas, the Oklahoma transfer has totaled 390 yards through the air in his last two games combined.
Whatever West Virginia brings to the table, the Red Raiders may need to find a way to win if they hope to get to a bowl game. Their next three opponents after the Mountaineers includes home games against TCU and Kansas State before closing the regular season at Texas.
Getting a win on Saturday would be a nice start to the run TTU needs to get on.
"I've been on teams that have run the table in the month of November and I think more than anything, their practice habits stay the same or they improve just a little bit. And then their discipline and their accountability is at a high level and it doesn't slack."


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Chamber Encourages Business Owners And Staff To Upskill With eCollege Courses
KERRY ETB and Tralee Chamber are calling on business owners and their staff in Kerry to take the opportunity to upskill in their downtime. Kerry ETB are supporting Tralee Chamber business members and their staff with eCollege professional development courses at no cost. They have worked with eCollege on a series of […]Read more ›