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7 Rules for Cover Design
I feel like I harp on this topic. Covers, cover art, cover design… if it's ever too much, tell me. Here's the thing, though. It's not just that I'm an artist and designer and I enjoy the process of book creation. It's that even though people will say they don't care about a book cover, they actually do. They will totally judge your book by it's cover. And your book cover signals a lot about your book, whether you are conscious of it, or not. Every little choice, from font to color focus, says something about the book. I think by now everyone reading this knows the cardinal rule of a book cover: cover art is a marketing tool, not a scene from the book. Sure, there are rare exceptions where a scene depiction works as cover art. But it's not common, and besides that, the second rule of book cover design is: it absolutely must be legible at thumbnail sizes.
- Book Covers are Marketing Tools
- Clearly Readable at Thumbnail
- Fits into Genre Conventions
- Use Legible Fonts
- Choose Good Art, or at least Clean Backgrounds
- Make the Author Name Bigger
- Never, Ever, Use an Unfiltered Photograph on Fiction
So there's my seven rules of book covering. I think rule one is an umbrella rule that covers all the others, so I won't address it directly. Instead, let's talk about why the cover must be clear at a very small size. Most readers are not going to encounter your book cover for the first time on a print book. That's not to say you cannot have a great cover which works all the way from thumbnail to poster or even banner size. You can, although it's trickier than a simple, punchy ebook cover. However, when you look at your sales numbers realistically, where are the majority of them coming from? Ebooks or online purchases? What size is that cover on screen when you go look at it? Ok, now you understand.
Third rule, genre conventions. Genre may have evolved as a means to shelve books of a kind together, and you may not want to label your book as a specific genre. I get that. I really do. My Pixie for Hire series is technically Urban Fantasy although there's nothing urban about it. However, by looking at books similar to yours, you can better design a cover that will attract readers who want to read that kind of books. The best way to do this is to take a look at the top 100 best sellers in your sub-genre on Amazon. This will give you an idea of the colors, styles, and general feel of art on the books that sell. Sure, rules are meant to be broken. But if you break them too hard, the results will be disappointing. Covers set the mood for the reader as they enter your book – think of them as a door. If you have a playful, colorful door on your book, but the material inside is dark and heavy, the reader is going to experience cognitive dissonance, and not in a good way. Also, the character on the cover is going to lead the reader to believe that's what is is the book: put children or teens on a cover, and everyone is going to assume that is the target audience, even if you think it's good for all ages.
Using legible fonts seems obvious, right up until it isn't. There are hundreds, if not thousands, of fonts out there. If you go take a look at dafont, you'll find yourself clicking through for hours (ok, maybe that's just me). Font choice is huge. You can, in theory, signal genre and mood just with font choice, leaving out art or using minimal art. However, here's where we come back to thumbnail. Step across the room. Can you still read it at a glance? Ask a friend. Can they read it? Worse, does kerning make it appear to say something you didn't intend (imagine 'flick' in a very Bad Font)? You can use an expressive font without crossing the line into purely decorative. Some simple rules to keep in mind: never use more than three different fonts (and really, two is plenty) on a cover. Never use a font you'd use inside the book: i.e. Times New Roman, Arial, Helvetica, Georgia and so on.
Cover art runs the gamut from expensive and effective, to cheap and effective. You can certainly commission a professional artist to create art, but keep in mind that artists are rarely also designers, and a brilliant piece of art with poor design is almost worse than bad art. Almost. I have seen some phenomenally bad art, and if you want to see a gallery of mistakes to learn from, check out Lousy Book Covers. That being said – take a look at the latest versions of the Harry Potter Books, at the Game of Thrones books, and Twilight. The art is excellently executed, minimal, and leaves plenty of room for text to highlight what they are at a thumbnail size. I am not saying copy them – don't! – I am suggesting that when it comes to art for an ebook, less is more and too much detail can make for a muddy thumbnail. Which is also why you don't want to recreate a scene on a cover. I once had a potential client approach me wanting about six figures on the cover, telling me which celebrities those characters should recognizably resemble, and I politely declined. It would have been a hot mess, and a potential lawsuit. Another thing to keep in mind with cover art is that if you plan to have a print edition, the art will appear darker in print than it does on screen.
Make your name bigger. I really mean it! Bigger! Years back when I first got into this game, I took a workshop from Dean Wesley Smith on cover design. If he is still offering it, you should invest in it if you will be publishing multiple books – even if you aren't doing your own covers. I wouldn't spoil it and share all the secrets, but the one thing that really stuck out to me was the psychology behind making an author's name bigger. It's not just that it signals Best Seller status (see above minimal cover art examples), it's that it sticks the name in the reader's mind, so when they are looking for books, they remember your name. It's that simple. You have to be remembered, and the best way to be remembered is to stick your name out there loud and proud. So make your name bigger than you think it ought to be. Seriously, don't make me come find you and give you the Mom glare.
I am seeing this trend more and more, and I really hate it. Yes, I know that photos are cheaper (i.e. free from Pixabay or Morguefile) and you don't have photoshop. There are other options to make your photo you really want to use as cover art into something that can actually be used as cover art, it's just going to take time and effort on your part. Well, given the proliferation of art filtering apps for photos (take a look at the hastag #filteredaf on Instagram, for example) it's actually neither hard nor expensive to do. Sarah Hoyt favors Filter Forge, which can be spendy to start, but it's effective. Photoshop (which can be had for $10 a month, sucks, but still) has a built in filter gallery that can be layered up for useful effects. Look up double exposed effects, and spend some time playing with tutorials – there are more than you can imagine. Invest some time. But please don't use unfiltered photos on fiction, it looks cheap, and crappy, and readers will be put off.
So that's my seven rules, although I reserve the right to add more later! And this is my latest cover. It's a blended piece of a photo (hah!) and illustration, and font to signal humor. The primary color of greens and yellows is to signal gross, and a bit creepy. But it's not pure horror, so I stayed away from reds. Lab Gremlins is my latest novella, which will be released on Halloween day. I'm pretty excited about it!
Plus! Continuing my Halloween month of giveaways, you can click on this cover, which absolutely does signal horror, mystery, magic, and yes, a child… for a free novella.
For our readers who publish for markets outside the US and Canadian markets – look at your local bookstores and "local" Amazon or Kobo. There are some major cover convention differences between the US and, say, Germany for fantasy and historical fiction/historical romance covers.
That said, there is also some overlap. Thrillers are similar in German and English for both translated and originally German books, for example.
My eyeballs may never recover from the year when every.single.romance in Germany had a hot pink cover or hot pink font. Unless it was set before 1900, they all looked like chick-lit light romances. Entire walls of hot pink covers… *shudder*October 20, 2018
Christopher M Chupik #
I suggest rule 8.) Always run the cover art past some other people first before settling on the image.October 20, 2018
I've passed on a number of books because the text was unreadable. Printing in colors across a colorful background, or printing "green" over "brown" or whatever, and sometimes I can pick out edges or bits of characters, but nothing readable.
WHITE generally stands out over artwork. BLACK usually doesn't have as much contrast, but it's readable. Anything else is a crap shoot.
Magazines are the worst, though. Whoever started the fad for printing spidery grey text over busy artwork should be given a fair trial and then shot.October 20, 2018
Julie Pascal #
So… any thoughts on making your name *smaller* in order to make it bigger?
For example, I always do a middle initial because that seemed to be the thing to do in 1990 or so. But if I'm putting my author name on a single line I can certainly scale up "Julie Pascal" farther than I could scale up "Julie A. Pascal". Or my joke pseudonymn "Bic Avery." I could get old Bic pretty large on a cover.
And then people do the wrapping part like you did with Snow in her Eyes, which works really well, but probably not with a middle initial.October 21, 2018
I'm thinking about trying to blog again. Have blogged and linked at Synova.blogspot.com. I don't know if there is something I'm supposed to do to make a ping-back notice. Not as though I've been doing this for near on a decade. 😛
I put my my NaNo placeholder covers. I think they're pretty but not particularly *good* and have listed some of the reasons.October 21, 2018
riteturn/Mac' #
I have to add a qualifier. Your cover may not show exactly a scene in the book. But if it misleads the buyer and the book turns out to have no relationship at all to the cover the reader may very well not forgive you and remember it.
Also – I'll point out some covers depict what is in the book very well. A lot of Baen covers do. Look at Michael WIlliamson's covers – in particular "A Long Time Until Now"October 22, 2018
That was the main things that are "wrong" about the covers I put up on my blog (http://synova.blogspot.com/). I think they're both nice covers though not perfect but the first one especially signals the wrong type of sub-genre for the book that's written.
Sure, I suppose someone could get sales on the strength of the cover alone… but if your cozy and quirky space mystery has a cover that says mil-sf, you're going to end up selling mostly to people who will be annoyed at you.
My first cover example is a simple picture of an eclipse showing the "diamond ring" effect. And it's an awesome picture. But it signals lit-sf to me. The story is space opera. It has tentacle monsters and genetically engineered super soldiers and mermaids. (<– not the same people, but now I'm imagining mermaid super soldiers… uh oh.)October 22, 2018
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Hey Elk Moms and Dads,
Don't forget to register your kids for the Annual Elks "Meet Santa Christmas Party." Make sure to sign up early!
Event details:
Date- Sunday, December 23, 2018
Time- 4:00 to 5:45pm
Place: Lodge Room
Cost: Free!
MC: "Hula Rosie" (aka. Dana Land)
What: Meet Santa and his helpers, play games for prizes, eat delicious holiday treats. There will be balloon animals, goodie bags, and more! All complimentary for our Elk kids ages two to eleven years old. Children must be accompanied by at least one adult. We will be checking your Elks ID cards at check-in.
Tickets for the Trolley Ride, can be obtained on weekends, (1:00pm til 4:00pm) in the Lodge lobby beginning Nov. 24 and 25. We'll sell tickets until they are sold out.This is a fundraiser and the suggested donation is $10.00 for adults and $6.00 for kids. First come, first served!
"Christmas Caroling Trolley Ride" details:
Those with tickets will be loading onto the Trolleys at 6:00 pm curbside right after the Christmas Party for a Christmas caroling trip thru the city led by "Hula Rosie" to see the Honolulu City Lights. We will return by 8:00pm. All minors must be accompanied by an adult.
We are also seeking event volunteers. Leave your contact info at the front desk.
With Aloha,
"Rio" Ke'alii Martell,
Project Coordinator

subset: commoncrawl


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ЁЁЁЁChapter I. In Which Babnabas Knocks Down His FatherЃЌ Though as Dutifully as May Be
ЁЁЁЁJohn BartyЃЌ ex-champion of England and landlord of the "Coursing HoundЃЌ" sat screwed round in his chair with his eyes yet turned to the door that had closed after the departing lawyer fully five minutes agoЃЌ and his eyes were wide and blankЃЌ and his mouth ЃЈgrim and close-lipped as a ruleЃЉ gapedЃЌ becoming aware of whichЃЌ he closed it with a snapЃЌ and passed a great knotted fist across his brow.
ЁЁЁЁ"BarnabasЃЌ" said he slowlyЃЌ "I beant asleep an' dreaming be IЃЌ BarnabasЃП"
ЁЁЁЁ"NoЃЌ fatherЃЁ"
ЁЁЁЁ"ButЁЊЁЊsevenЁЊЁЊ'undredЁЊЁЊthousandЁЊЁЊpound. It were sevenЁЊЁЊ'undred thousand poundЃЌ weren't itЃЌ BarnabasЃП"
ЁЁЁЁ"YesЃЌ fatherЃЁ"
ЁЁЁЁ"SevenЁЊЁЊ'undredЁЊЁЊthouЁЊЁЊЃЁ NoЃЁ I can't believe itЃЌ Barnabas my bye."
ЁЁЁЁ"Neither can IЃЌ fatherЃЌ" said BarnabasЃЌ still staring down at the papers which littered the table before him.
ЁЁЁЁ"Nor I aren't a-going to try to believe itЃЌ Barnabas."
ЁЁЁЁ"And yetЁЊЁЊhere it isЃЌ all written down in black and whiteЃЌ and you heard what Mr. Crabtree saidЃП"
ЁЁЁЁ"AhЃЌЁЊЁЊI heeredЃЌ but arter all Crabtree's only a lawyerЁЊЁЊthough a good un as lawyers goЃЌ always been honest an' square wi' meЁЊЁЊleastways I 've never caught him trying to bamboozle John Barty yetЁЊЁЊan' what the eye don't ob-serve the heart don't grieveЃЌ Barnabas my byeЃЌ an' there y'are. But seven 'undred thousand pound is coming it a bit too strongЁЊЁЊif he'd ha' knocked off a few 'undred thousand I could ha' took it easier BarnabasЃЌ butЃЌ as it isЁЊЁЊnoЃЌ BarnabasЃЁ"
ЁЁЁЁ"It's a great fortuneЃЁ" said Barnabas in the same repressed tone and with his eyes still intent.
ЁЁЁЁ"Fortun'ЃЌ" repeated the fatherЃЌ "fortun'ЁЊЁЊit's fetched me one in the ribsЁЊЁЊlowЃЌ BarnabasЃЌ lowЃЁЁЊЁЊit's took my wind an' I'm a-hanging on to the ropesЃЌ lad. WhyЃЌ Lord love meЃЁ I never thought as your uncle Tom 'ad it in him to keep hisself from starvingЃЌ let alone make a fortun'ЃЁ My scapegrace brother TomЁЊЁЊpoor Tom as sailed away in a emigrant ship ЃЈwhich is a un-common bad kind of a ship to sail inЁЊЁЊso I've heeredЃЌ BarnabasЃЉ an' nowЃЌ to think as he went an' made all that fortun'ЁЊЁЊaway off in JamaikyЁЊЁЊout o' vegetables."
ЁЁЁЁ"And lucky speculationЃЌ fatherЁЊЁЊЃЁ"
ЁЁЁЁ"NowЃЌ BarnabasЃЌ" exclaimed his fatherЃЌ beginning to rasp his fingers to and fro across his greatЃЌ squareЃЌ shaven chinЃЌ "why argufyЃП Your uncle Tom was a planterЁЊЁЊvery wellЃЁ Why is a man a planterЁЊЁЊbecause he plants thingsЃЌ an' what should a man plant but vegetablesЃП So BarnabasЃЌ vegetables I saysЃЌ an' vegetables I abide byЃЌ now an' hereafter. Seven 'undred thousand pound all made in JamaikyЁЊЁЊout o' vegetablesЁЊЁЊan' there y' areЃЁ"
ЁЁЁЁHere John Barty paused and sat with his chin 'twixt finger and thumb in expectation of his son's rejoinderЃЌ but finding him silentЃЌ he presently continuedЃК
ЁЁЁЁ"Now what astonishes an' fetches me a leveller as fair doubles me up isЁЊЁЊwhy should my brother Tom leave all this money to a young hop o' me thumb like youЃЌ BarnabasЃП youЃЌ as he never see but once and you then a infant ЃЈand large for your ageЃЉ in your blessed mother's armsЃЌ BarnabasЃЌ a-kicking an' a-squaring away wi' your little pink fists as proper as ever I seen inside the Ring or out. AhЃЌ BarnabasЃЁ" sighed his father shaking his head at himЃЌ "you was a promising infantЃЌ likewise a promising byeЃЛ me an' Natty Bell had great hopes of yeЃЌ BarnabasЃЛ if you'd been governed by me and Natty Bell you might ha' done us all proud in the Prize Ring. You was cut out for the 'Fancy.' WhyЃЌ LordЃЁ you might even ha' come to be Champion o' England in timeЁЊЁЊyou 're the very spit o' what I was when I beat the Fighting Quaker at Dartford thirty years ago."
ЁЁЁЁ"But you seeЃЌ fatherЁЊЁЊ"
ЁЁЁЁ"That was why me an' Natty Bell took you in handЁЊЁЊlearned you all we knowed o' the gameЁЊЁЊan' there aren't a fighting man in all England as knows so much about the Noble Art as me an' Natty Bell."
ЁЁЁЁ"But fatherЁЊЁЊ"
ЁЁЁЁ"If you 'd only followed your nat'ral giftsЃЌ BarnabasЃЌ I say you might ha' been Champion of England to-dayЃЌ wi' Markisses an' Lords an' Earls proud to shake your handЁЊЁЊif you'd only been ruled by Natty Bell an' meЃЌ I'm disappointed in yeЃЌ BarnabasЁЊЁЊan' so's Natty Bell."
ЁЁЁЁ"I'm sorryЃЌ fatherЁЊЁЊbut as I told youЁЊЁЊ"
ЁЁЁЁ"Still BarnabasЃЌ what ain't to beЃЌ ain'tЁЊЁЊan' what isЃЌ is. Some is born wi' a nat'ral love o' the 'Fancy' an' gift for the gameЃЌ like me an' Natty BellЁЊЁЊan' some wi' a love for reading out o' books an' a-cyphering into booksЁЊЁЊlike youЃК though a reader an' a writer generally has a hard time on it an' dies poorЁЊЁЊwhichЃЌ arter allЃЌ is only nat'ralЁЊЁЊan' there y' areЃЁ"
ЁЁЁЁHere John Barty paused to take up the tankard of ale at his elbowЃЌ and pursed up his lips to blow off the foamЃЌ but in that momentЃЌ observing his son about to speakЃЌ he immediately set down the ale untasted and continuedЃК
ЁЁЁЁ"Not as I quarrels wi' your reading and writingЃЌ BarnabasЃЌ noЃЌ and because whyЃП Because reading and writing is apt to be useful now an' thenЃЌ and because it were a promiseЁЊЁЊas I madeЁЊЁЊtoЁЊЁЊyour mother. WhenЁЊЁЊyour mother were aliveЃЌ BarnabasЃЌ she used to keep all my accounts for me. She likewise larned me to spell my own name wi' a capital G for JohnЃЌ an' a capital B for BartyЃЌ an' when she diedЃЌ Barnabas ЃЈbeing a infantЃЌ you don't rememberЃЉЃЌ but when she diedЃЌ ladЃЁ I was that lostЁЊЁЊthat broke an' helplessЃЌ that all the fight were took out o' meЃЌ and it's a wonder I didn't throw up the sponge altogether. AhЃЁ an' it's likely I should ha' done but for Natty Bell."
ЁЁЁЁ"YesЃЌ fatherЁЊЁЊ"
ЁЁЁЁ"No man ever 'ad a better friend than Natty BellЁЊЁЊAhЃЁ yesЃЌ though I did beat him out o' the Championship which come very nigh breaking his heart at the timeЃЌ BarnabasЃЛ butЁЊЁЊas I says to him that day as they carried him out of the ringЁЊЁЊit was arter the ninety-seventh roundЃЌ d' ye seeЃЌ BarnabasЁЊЁЊ'what is to beЃЌ isЃЌ Natty BellЃЌ' I saysЃЌ 'an' what ain'tЃЌ ain't. It were ordainedЃЌ' I saysЃЌ 'as I should be Champion o' EnglandЃЌ' I saysЁЊЁЊ'an' as you an' me should be friendsЁЊЁЊnow an' hereafterЃЌ' I saysЁЊЁЊan' right good friends we have beenЃЌ as you knowЃЌ Barnabas."
ЁЁЁЁ"IndeedЃЌ yesЃЌ fatherЃЌ" said BarnabasЃЌ with another vain attempt to stem his father's volubility.
ЁЁЁЁ"But your motherЃЌ BarnabasЃЌ your motherЃЌ God rest her sweet soulЃЁЁЊЁЊyour mother weren't like meЁЊЁЊno nor Natty BellЁЊЁЊshe were away up over me an' the likes o' meЁЊЁЊa wonderful scholard she wereЃЌ an'ЁЊЁЊwhen she diedЃЌ BarnabasЁЊЁЊ" here the ex-champion's voice grew uncertain and his steady gaze waveredЁЊЁЊsought the sanded floorЁЊЁЊthe raftered ceilingЁЊЁЊwandered down the wall and eventually fixed upon the bell-mouthed blunderbuss that hung above the mantelЃЌ "when she diedЃЌ" he continuedЃЌ "she made me promise as you should be taught to read an' cypherЁЊЁЊan' taught I've had you accordingЁЊЁЊfor a promise is a promiseЃЌ BarnabasЁЊЁЊan' there y' are."
ЁЁЁЁ"For which I can never be sufficiently gratefulЃЌ both to herЁЊЁЊand to youЃЁ" said BarnabasЃЌ who sat with his chin propped upon his handЃЌ gazing through the open lattice to where the broad white road wound away betwixt blooming hedgesЃЌ growing ever narrower till it vanished over the brow of a distant hill. "Not as I holds wi' eddication myselfЃЌ BarnabasЃЌ as you knowЃЌ" pursued his fatherЃЌ "but that's why you was sent to schoolЃЌ that's why me an' Natty Bell sat by quiet an' watched ye at your books. Sometimes when I've seen you a-stooping your back over your readingЃЌ or cramping your fist round a penЃЌ BarnabasЃЌ whyЁЊЁЊI've took it hardЃЌ BarnabasЃЌ hardЃЌ I'll not denyЁЊЁЊBut Natty Bell has minded me as it was her wish and soЁЊЁЊwhyЁЊЁЊthere y' are."
ЁЁЁЁIt was seldom his father mentioned to Barnabas the mother whose face he had never seenЃЌ upon which rare occasions John Barty's deep voice was wont to take on a hoarser noteЃЌ and his blue eyesЃЌ that were usually so steadyЃЌ would go wandering off until they fixed themselves on some remote object. Thus he sat nowЃЌ leaning back in his elbow chairЃЌ gazing in rapt attention at the bell-mouthed blunderbuss above the mantelЃЌ while his sonЃЌ chin on fistЃЌ stared always and ever to where the road dippedЃЌ and vanished over the hillЁЊЁЊleading on and on to LondonЃЌ and the great world beyond.
ЁЁЁЁ"She diedЃЌ BarnabasЁЊЁЊjust twenty-one years agoЁЊЁЊburied at Maidstone where you were born. Twenty-one years is a longish timeЃЌ ladЃЌ but memory's longerЃЌ an' deeperЃЌЁЊЁЊan' stronger than timeЃЌ arter allЃЌ an' I know that her memory will go wi' meЁЊЁЊall along the wayЁЊЁЊd' ye see ladЃК and so BarnabasЃЌ" said John Barty lowering his gaze to his son's faceЃЌ "so BarnabasЃЌ there y' are."
ЁЁЁЁ"YesЃЌ fatherЃЁ" nodded BarnabasЃЌ still intent upon the road.
ЁЁЁЁ"And now I come to your uncle TomЁЊЁЊan' speaking of himЁЊЁЊBarnabas my ladЃЌЁЊЁЊwhat are ye going to do wi' all this moneyЃП"
ЁЁЁЁBarnabas turned from the window and met his father's eye.
ЁЁЁЁ"Do with itЃЌ" he beganЃЌ "why first of allЁЊЁЊ"
ЁЁЁЁ"BecauseЃЌ" pursued his fatherЃЌ "we might buy the 'White Hart'ЁЊЁЊt' other side o' SevenoaksЃЌЁЊЁЊto be sure you're over young to have any say in the matterЁЊЁЊstill arter all the money's yoursЃЌ BarnabasЁЊЁЊwhat d' ye say to the 'White Hart'ЃП"
ЁЁЁЁ"A very good houseЃЁ" nodded BarnabasЃЌ stealing a glance at the road againЁЊЁЊ"butЁЊЁЊ"
ЁЁЁЁ"To be sure there's the 'Running HorseЃЌ'" said his fatherЃЌ "just beyond Purley on the Brighton RoadЁЊЁЊa coaching-houseЃЌ wi' plenty o' customЃЌ what d' ye think o' the 'Running Horse'ЃП"
ЁЁЁЁ"Any one you chooseЃЌ fatherЃЌ butЁЊЁЊ"
ЁЁЁЁ"Then there's the 'Sun in the Sands' on Shooter's HillЁЊЁЊa fine inn an' not to be sneezed atЃЌ BarnabasЁЊЁЊwe might take that."
ЁЁЁЁ"Just as you wishЃЌ fatherЃЌ onlyЁЊЁЊ"
ЁЁЁЁ"Though I've often thought the 'Greyhound' at Croydon would be a comfortable house to own."
ЁЁЁЁ"Buy whichever you chooseЃЌ fatherЃЌ it will be all one to meЃЁ"
ЁЁЁЁ"Good ladЃЁ" nodded JohnЃЌ "you can leave it all to Natty Bell an' me."
ЁЁЁЁ"YesЃЌ" said BarnabasЃЌ rising and fronting his father across the tableЃЌ "you see I intend to go awayЃЌ sir."
ЁЁЁЁ"EhЃП" exclaimed his fatherЃЌ staringЁЊЁЊ"go awayЁЊЁЊwhere toЃП"
ЁЁЁЁ"To LondonЃЁ"
ЁЁЁЁ"LondonЃП and what should you want in LondonЁЊЁЊa slip of a lad like youЃП"
ЁЁЁЁ"I'm turned twenty-twoЃЌ fatherЃЁ"
ЁЁЁЁ"And what should a slip of a lad of twenty-two want in LondonЃП You leave London aloneЃЌ Barnabas. London indeedЃЁ what should you want wi' LondonЃП"
ЁЁЁЁ"Learn to be a gentleman."
ЁЁЁЁ"AЁЊЁЊwhatЃП" As he spokeЃЌ John Barty rose up out of his chairЃЌ his eyes wideЃЌ his mouth agape with utter astonishment. As he encountered his son's lookЃЌ howeverЃЌ his expression slowly changed from amazement to contemptЃЌ from contempt to growing ridiculeЃЌ and from ridicule to black anger. John Barty was a very tall manЃЌ broad and massiveЃЌ butЃЌ even soЃЌ he had to look up to Barnabas as they faced each other across the table. And as they stood thus eye to eyeЃЌ the resemblance between them was marked. Each possessed the same indomitable jawЃЌ the same square brow and compelling eyesЃЌ the same grim prominence of chinЃЛ but there all likeness ended. In Barnabas the high carriage of the headЃЌ the soft brilliancy of the fullЃЌ well-opened gray eyeЃЌ the curve of the sensitive nostrilsЃЌ the sweet set of the firmЃЌ shapely mouthЁЊЁЊall were the heritage of that mother who was to him but a vague memory. But now while John Barty frowned upon his sonЃЌ Barnabas frowned back at his fatherЃЌ and the added grimness of his chin offset the sweetness of the mouth above.
ЁЁЁЁ"BarnabasЃЌ" said his father at lastЃЌ "did you say aЁЊЁЊgentlemanЃЌ BarnabasЃП"
ЁЁЁЁ"WhatЁЊЁЊyouЃП" Here John Barty's frown vanished suddenly andЃЌ expanding his great chestЃЌ he threw back his head and roared with laughter. Barnabas clenched his fistsЃЌ and his mouth lost something of its sweetnessЃЌ and his eyes glinted through their curving lashesЃЌ while his father laughed and laughed till the place rang againЃЌ which of itself stung Barnabas sharper than any blow could have done.
ЁЁЁЁBut now having had his laugh outЃЌ John Barty frowned again blacker than everЃЌ and resting his two hands upon the tableЃЌ leaned towards Barnabas with his greatЃЌ square chin jutted forwardЃЌ and his deep-set eyes narrowed to shining slitsЁЊЁЊthe "fighting face" that had daunted many a man ere now.
ЁЁЁЁ"So you want to be a gentlemanЁЊЁЊheyЃП"
ЁЁЁЁ"You aren't crazed in your 'eadЃЌ are yeЃЌ BarnabasЃП"
ЁЁЁЁ"Not that I know ofЃЌ father."
ЁЁЁЁ"This here fortun' thenЁЊЁЊit's been an' turned your brainЃЌ that's what it is."
ЁЁЁЁBarnabas smiled and shook his head.
ЁЁЁЁ"ListenЃЌ fatherЃЌ" said heЃЌ "it has always been the dream and ambition of my life to better my conditionЃЌ to strive for a higher place in the worldЁЊЁЊto be a gentleman. This was why I refused to become a pugilistЃЌ as you and Natty Bell desiredЃЌ this was why I worked and studiedЁЊЁЊahЃЁ a great deal harder than you ever guessedЁЊЁЊthough up till to-day I hardly dared hope my dream would ever be realizedЁЊЁЊbut nowЁЊЁЊ"
ЁЁЁЁ"Now you want to go to London and be a gentlemanЁЊЁЊheyЃП"
ЁЁЁЁ"Which all comes along o' your reading o' fool bookЃЁ WhyЃЌ LordЃЁ you can no more become a gentleman than I can or theЁЊЁЊblunderbuss yonder. And because whyЃП Because a gentleman must be a gentleman bornЃЌ and his father afore himЃЌ and his father afore him. YouЃЌ BarnabasЃЌ you was born the son of a Champion of EnglandЃЌ an' that should be enough for most ladsЃЛ but your head's chock full o' fool's notions an' crazy fanciesЃЌ an' as your lawful father it's my bounden duty to get 'em out againЃЌ Barnabas my lad." So sayingЃЌ John Barty proceeded to take off his coat and belcher neckerchiefЃЌ and rolled his shirt sleeves over his mighty forearmsЃЌ motioning Barnabas to do the like.
ЁЁЁЁ"A father's duty be a very solemn thingЃЌ BarnabasЃЌ" he continued slowlyЃЌ "an' your 'ead being ЃЈas I sayЃЉ full o' wild ideesЃЌ I'm going to try to punch 'em out again as a well-meaning father shouldЃЌ so help me back wi' the table out o' the roadЃЌ an' off wi' your coat and neckercher."
ЁЁЁЁWell knowing the utter futility of argument with his father at such a timeЃЌ Barnabas obediently helped to set back the tableЃЌ thus leaving the floor clearЃЌ which doneЃЌ heЃЌ in turnЃЌ stripped off coat and neckclothЃЌ and rolled up his sleevesЃЌ while his father watched him with sharply appraising eye.
ЁЁЁЁ"You peel wellЃЌ BarnabasЃЌ" he nodded. "You peel like a fighting manЃЌ you've a tidy arm an' a goodish spread o' shoulderЃЌ likewise your legs is clean an' straightЃЌ but your skin's womanishЃЌ BarnabasЃЌ womanishЃЌ an' your muscles soft wi' books. SoЃЌ ladЃЁЁЊЁЊare ye readyЃП Then come on."
ЁЁЁЁThusЃЌ without more ado they faced each other foot to footЃЌ bare-armed and alert of eye. For a moment they sparred watchfullyЃЌ then John Barty feinted Barnabas into an openingЃЌ in that same moment his fist shot out and Barnabas measured his length on the floor.
ЁЁЁЁ"AhЁЊЁЊI knowed as muchЃЁ" John sighed mournfully as he aided Barnabas to his feetЃЌ "and 't were only a love-tapЃЌ so to speakЃЌЁЊЁЊthis is what comes o' your book reading."
ЁЁЁЁ"Try me againЃЌ" said Barnabas.
ЁЁЁЁ"It'll be harder next timeЃЁ" said his father.
ЁЁЁЁ"As hard as you likeЃЁ" nodded Barnabas.
ЁЁЁЁOnce more came the light tread of quick-moving feetЃЌ once more John Barty feinted cunninglyЁЊЁЊonce more his fist shot outЃЌ but this time it missed its markЃЌ forЃЌ ducking the blowЃЌ Barnabas smacked home two lightning blows on his father's ribs and danced away again light and buoyant as a cork.
ЁЁЁЁ"Stand up an' fightЃЌ ladЃЁ" growled his fatherЃЌ "plant your feet squareЁЊЁЊnever go hopping about on your toe-points like a French dancing-master."
ЁЁЁЁ"Why as to thatЃЌ fatherЃЌ Natty BellЃЌ as you knowЃЌ holds that it is the quicker methodЃЌ" here Barnabas smote his father twice upon the ribsЃЌ "and indeed I think it isЃЌ" said heЃЌ deftly eluding the ex-champion's return.
ЁЁЁЁ"QuickerЃЌ heyЃП" sneered his fatherЃЌ and with the words came his fistЁЊЁЊto whizz harmlessly past Barnabas's earЁЊЁЊ"we'll prove that."
ЁЁЁЁ"Haven't we had almost enoughЃП" inquired BarnabasЃЌ dropping his fists.
ЁЁЁЁ"EnoughЃП why we aren't begun yetЃЌ lad."
ЁЁЁЁ"Then how long are we to go onЃП"
ЁЁЁЁ"How longЃП" repeated JohnЃЌ frowningЃЛ "whyЁЊЁЊthat depends on youЃЌ Barnabas."
ЁЁЁЁ"How on meЃЌ fatherЃП"
ЁЁЁЁ"Are ye still minded to go to LondonЃП"
ЁЁЁЁ"Of course."
ЁЁЁЁ"Then we'll go on till you think better of itЁЊЁЊor till you knock me downЃЌ Barnabas my lad."
ЁЁЁЁ"Why thenЃЌ fatherЃЌ the sooner I knock you down the betterЃЁ"
ЁЁЁЁ"WhatЃП" exclaimed John BartyЃЌ staringЃЌ "d' ye mean to sayЁЊЁЊyou think you canЃПЁЊЁЊmeЃПЁЊЁЊyouЃП"
ЁЁЁЁ"YesЃЌ" nodded Barnabas.
ЁЁЁЁ"My poor ladЃЁ" sighed his fatherЃЌ "your head's fair crazedЃЌ sure as sureЃЌ but if you think you can knock John Barty off his pinsЃЌ do itЃЌ and there y' are."
ЁЁЁЁ"I willЃЌ" said BarnabasЃЌ "though as gently as possible."
ЁЁЁЁAnd now they fell to it in silenceЃЌ a grim silence broken only by the quick tread and shuffle of feet and the muffled thud of blows. John BartyЃЌ resolute of jawЃЌ indomitable and calm of eyeЃЌ as in the days when champions had gone down before the might of his fistЃЛ BarnabasЃЌ tallerЃЌ slighterЃЌ but full of the supreme confidence of youth. MoreoverЃЌ he had not been the daily pupil of two such past masters in the art for nothingЃЛ and now he brought to bear all his father's craft and cunningЃЌ backed up by the lightning precision of Natty Bell. In all his many hard-fought battles John Barty had ever been accounted most dangerous when he smiledЃЌ and he was smiling now. Twice Barnabas staggered back to the wallЃЌ and there was an ugly smear upon his cheekЃЌ yet as they struck and parriedЃЌ and feintedЃЌ BarnabasЃЌ this quick-eyedЃЌ swift-footed BarnabasЃЌ was smiling also. ThusЃЌ while they smiled upon and smote each otherЃЌ the likeness between them was more apparent than everЃЌ only the smile of Barnabas was the smile of youthЃЌ joyousЃЌ exuberantЃЌ unconquerable. Noting which Experienced Age laughed short and fierceЃЌ and strode in to strike Youth downЁЊЁЊthen came a rush of feetЃЌ the panting hiss of breathЃЌ the shock of vicious blowsЃЌ and John BartyЃЌ the unbeaten ex-champion of all EnglandЃЌ threw up his armsЃЌ staggered back the length of the roomЃЌ and went down with a crash.
ЁЁЁЁFor a moment Barnabas stood wide-eyedЃЌ pantingЃЌ then ran towards him with hands outstretchedЃЌ but in that moment the door was flung openЃЌ and Natty Bell stood between themЃЌ one hand upon the laboring breast of BarnabasЃЌ the other stretched down to the fallen ex-champion.
ЁЁЁЁ"Man JackЃЌ" he exclaimedЃЌ in his strangely melodious voice. "OhЃЌ JohnЃЁЁЊЁЊJohn BartyЃЌ you as ever was the king o' the milling covesЃЌ here's my handЃЌ shake it. LordЃЌ JohnЃЌ what a master o' the Game we've made of our lad. He's stronger than you and quicker than ever I was. Man JackЃЌ 'twas as sweetЃЌ as neatЃЌ as pretty a knockdown as ever we gave in our best daysЃЌ John. Man JackЃЌ 'tis proud you should be to lie there and know as you have a son as can stop even your rush wi' his left an' down you wi' his right as neat and properЃЌ JohnЃЌ as clean an' delicate as ever man saw. Man JackЃЌ God bless himЃЌ and here's my handЃЌ John."
ЁЁЁЁSoЃЌ sitting there upon the floorЃЌ John Barty solemnly shook the hand Natty Bell held out to himЃЌ which doneЃЌ he turned and looked at his son as though he had never seen him before.
ЁЁЁЁ"WhyЃЌ BarnabasЃЁ" said heЃЛ thenЃЌ for all his weightЃЌ sprang nimbly to his feet and coming to the mantel took thence his pipe and began to fill itЃЌ staring at Barnabas the while.
ЁЁЁЁ"FatherЃЌ" said BarnabasЃЌ advancing with hand outstretchedЃЌ though rather diffidentlyЁЊЁЊ"FatherЃЁ"
ЁЁЁЁJohn Barty pursed up his lips into a soundless whistle and went on filling his pipe.
ЁЁЁЁ"FatherЃЌ" said Barnabas againЃЌ "I did itЁЊЁЊas gentlyЁЊЁЊas I could." The pipe shivered to fragments on the hearthЃЌ and Barnabas felt his fingers caught in his father's mighty grip.
ЁЁЁЁ"WhyЃЌ BarnabasЃЌ ladЃЌ I be all mazed likeЃЛ there aren't many men as have knocked me off my pinsЃЌ an' I aren't used to itЃЌ BarnabasЃЌ ladЃЌ but 't was a clean blowЃЌ as Natty Bell saysЃЌ and whyЁЊЁЊI be proud of theeЃЌ BarnabasЃЌ an'ЁЊЁЊthere y' are."
ЁЁЁЁ"Spoke like true fighting menЃЁ" said Natty BellЃЌ standing with a hand on the shoulder of eachЃЌ "andЃЌ JohnЃЌ we shall see this ladЃЌ this Barnabas of oursЃЌ Champion of England yet." John frowned and shook his head.
ЁЁЁЁ"NoЃЌ" said heЃЌ "Barnabas'll never be ChampionЃЌ Natty BellЁЊЁЊthere aren't a fighting man in the Ring to-day as could stand up to himЃЌ but he'll never be ChampionЃЌ an' you can lay to thatЃЌ Natty Bell. And if you ask me whyЃЌ" said heЃЌ turning to select another pipe from the sheaf in the mantel-shelfЃЌ "I should tell you because he prefers to go to London an' try to turn himself into a gentleman."
ЁЁЁЁ"LondonЃЌ" exclaimed Natty BellЃЌ "a gentlemanЁЊЁЊour BarnabasЁЊЁЊwhatЃП"
ЁЁЁЁ"Bide an' listenЃЌ Natty BellЃЌ" said the ex-championЃЌ beginning to fill his new pipe.
ЁЁЁЁ"I'm listeningЃЌ John."
ЁЁЁЁ"Well thenЃЌ you must knowЃЌ thenЃЌ his uncleЃЌ my scapegrace brother TomЁЊЁЊyou'll mind Tom as sailed away in a emigrant shipЁЊЁЊwellЃЌ Natty BellЃЌ Tom has took an' died an' left a fortun' to our lad here."
ЁЁЁЁ"A fortun'ЃЌ JohnЃЁЁЊЁЊhow muchЃП"
ЁЁЁЁ"SevenЁЊЁЊ'undredЁЊЁЊthousandЁЊЁЊpoundЃЌ" said JohnЃЌ with a ponderous nod after each wordЃЌ "sevenЁЊЁЊ'undredЁЊЁЊthousandЁЊЁЊpoundЃЌ Natty BellЃЌ and there y' are."
ЁЁЁЁNatty Bell opened his mouthЃЌ shut itЃЌ thrust his hands down into his pockets and brought out a short clay pipe.
ЁЁЁЁ"Man JackЃЌ" said heЃЌ beginning to fill the pipeЃЌ yet with gaze abstractedЃЌ "did I hear you say aught about aЁЊЁЊgentlemanЃП"
ЁЁЁЁ"Natty BellЃЌ you didЃЛ our lad's took the idee into his nob to be a gentlemanЃЌ an' I were trying to knock it out againЃЌ but as it is. Natty BellЃЌ I fear meЃЌ" and John Barty shook his handsome head and sighed ponderously.
ЁЁЁЁ"Why thenЃЌ JohnЃЌ let's sit downЃЌ all three of usЃЌ and talk this matter over."


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Deputies: Masked men shoot, kill 24-year-old man in Astatula
Attack not believed to be random, deputies say
ASTATULA, Fla. – Authorities are investigating after masked men shot and killed a man Friday night at a home in Astatula, according to the Lake County Sheriff's Office.
Deputies said Astatula police responded to the home on Delaware Avenue around 11 p.m. after someone called and reported the shooting.
When officers arrived, they found the man suffering from a gunshot wound, deputies said. Witnesses at the home reportedly told police the masked shooters were black or dark-skinned Hispanic men, according to the Sheriff's Office.
The 24-year-old victim, identified as Kevin Trejo, died at the scene, deputies said.
Astatula police turned the investigation over to the Sheriff's Office.
Detectives said the attack was not random, but did not provide any other details about what may have led to the shooting.
No other details were immediately available. Stay with News 6 and ClickOrlando.com for updates on this developing story.
Copyright 2018 by WKMG ClickOrlando - All rights reserved.


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by Daniel Nardini
In a more detailed two page memo to the Washington Post, Republican presidential candidate Donald Trump revealed that as part of his plan to build a wall all along the U.S.-Mexico border, he will seize money transfers from Mexican nationals sending their money to their families in Mexico. Further, he stated that he will seize the assets of banks and companies doing business with Mexico as well, and levy higher visa fees on Mexican business personnel and Americans doing business in Mexico. All kinds of legal and moral issues are being challenged here. First, the President of the United States does not have the executive powers to seize money transfers from banks, wire and internet transfer companies, and individuals who might send money through the U.S. mail. Second, increasing visa fees and virtually fining Mexican business personnel and even American personnel doing business in Mexico would be considered a "hostile act" by Mexico and Mexico could retaliate.
The result would be a trade war in which no one wins. Not only would such actions by a future "President" Donald Trump be a disaster for Mexico but it would also be a disaster for the United States and Canada. Since Mexico is the third largest trading partner with the United States after Canada and China, such a hostile act would totally disrupt the North American Free Trade Agreement. Such a rupture between the huge inter-trade network between the United States and Mexico would actually send more Mexicans fleeing towards the United States whether there is a border wall or not. Further, whole areas of Mexico that greatly rely on money transfers from Mexicans in the United States might actually become ever poorer and more unstable. Those families who receive these remittances now might become willing accomplices of the drug cartels if they no longer receive money transfers from their families in the United States. The result could mean far more powerful drug cartels than is true now, and even unrest and war in Mexico.
Just as equally alarming is that the President of the United States would be granted broad powers unheard of in American history to control the U.S. economy and therefore the entire country. If Trump were to be granted these types of powers, then the U.S. Congress and the judiciary would be little more than rubber-stamp institutions and the U.S. Constitution itself would be in great peril. In short, Trump would become a dictator with no boundaries of where his control ends and begins. We can only hope for three things; first, that there never will be a Trump presidency, second that a border wall between the United States and Mexico is ever built, and finally that no one person in American history will ever have total power over our lives that might occur if they are able to trash the U.S. Constitution.


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Basic Skincare Tips
If your skin is dry in some areas and oily in others, you most likely have a combination skin type. When you have combination skin it can be challenging to create a skin-care routine that can address both dryness and an excess of oil. You may find that some products are too hydrating while others sip up too much oil, leaving your skin flakey and irritated. Needless to say, having combo skincare an be quite a balancing act. Thankfully We've done the grunt work for you! Ahead, find a few tips on how to care for combination skin and create a routine that works for you.
Step One: Cleanse Gently
If your cleanser doesn't say that it's made for combination skin, it's time to get a new one. It's best to use skin-care products tailored to your specific needs and this is especially true for combination skin types. Morning and night, use a gentle cleanser to rid your skin's surface of dirt, excess oils and lingering impurities. It can be creamy or gel-based, so long as it's non-irritating. The best type of cleanser for combination skin is one that can cleanse and mattify your T-zone (and other oily areas) without over-drying your cheeks. At night, always remove your makeup with a makeup remover wipe or cleansing water first. This helps ensure that your pores are free from buildup while you sleep.
Step Two: Balance With a Toner
After cleansing, help to restore your skin's optimal pH levels with a nourishing toner. Look for one formulated to help hydrate dry skin and minimize oil at the same time. It's formulated to visibly reduce excess oil on skin's surface and remove any remaining residue and dirt without stripping skin of moisture.
Step Three: Moisturize Often
Having combination skin is no excuse to skip out on moisturizer. Similar to SPF, all skin types need hydration. Stick to oil-free moisturizers that won't add additional grease to your T-zone. Helps to target oil for a dual mattifying and pore-refining action, making it a great base to wear underneath makeup.
Step Four: Protect With SPF
The number one, non-negotiable skin-care product that everyone should be wearing every day — whether you have combination skin, sensitive skin or mature skin — is broad-spectrum sunscreen. It's essential to protect skin from the sun's harmful UV rays. Apply broad-spectrum sunscreen to all exposed areas of skin daily, even when it's cloudy, and reapply as directed. If you have combination skin, look for a lightweight, non-greasy sunscreen. It absorbs quickly and dries with a silky, matte finish.
Combination Skin-Care Tips
Cleanse, tone, moisturize and apply sunscreen–follow these four steps on a daily basis to care for your combination skin. To up the ante follow these helpful tips below, too.
Avoid Harsh Soaps
Some soaps are formulated with ingredients that can strip your combination skin of vital moisture. This may trick your skin into thinking it's dry, leading to hypersecretion of oil. So, not only can harsh soaps irritate your skin, they can also further aggravate your skin concerns.
Blot Away Excess Oil
Store some blotting papers in your purse, at your desk and in your car to help address unwanted oil slick in a pinch. These papers help temporarily absorb oil and mattify skin without ruining your makeup.
Exfoliate Regularly but Not Too Often
Exfoliation is a key skin-care step that involves sloughing away dead skin cells from the surface of skin. It helps your complexion not only appear less dull, but also feel smoother to the touch. As for how often you should exfoliate, there's no universal frequency because exfoliation largely depends on your skin's tolerance levels. No matter your skin type, you'll want to avoid over-exfoliating as it can irritate your face. When in doubt, tread lightly and start by trying it once a week and slowly build up to two-to-three times per week, as tolerated. Because you're managing two skin types, your best bet is to reach for a scrub that's suitable for all.
Multi-Mask to Target Different Facial Areas
One of the perks of having combination skin is being able to multi-mask. Multi-masking uses a targeted approach by allowing you to customize the way you use your face masks. For instance, it may be best to apply an oil-absorbing clay mask to your T-zone, and a hydrating face mask onto cheeks, to add some moisture.
Don't Touch Your Face
This seems easy enough to follow, but you'd be surprised how often your dirty hands come into contact with your face. Hands can carry a lot of germs which can wreak havoc on your skin. Resist the urge to rest your head on your hands at your desk, rub your eyes, and, of course, pick at any blemishes. Your skin will thank you.
By: Jessica Khorsandi
April 26, 2019


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The Digital Curriculum Product Steering Committee (PSC) is comprised of Contributing Members who have demonstrated leadership in advancing adoption of fully integrated content using IMS standards. The mission of the Digital Curriculum PSC is to:
- Develop a coordinated product roadmap, practices and policies to increase certified adoptions of the specifications, promote a critical mass of suppliers' adoptingand certifying the specifications.
- Achieve positive return on investment to suppliers and institutional customers
- Provide market-based information (user stories, implementation feedback, etc.) and priorities to technical working group members with inputs from other IMS cohorts such as the Institutional Executive Boards and the Innovation Leadership Networks.


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Borden 2 (Borden #2) by R.J. Lewis – Free eBooks Download
WARNING: This book contains sexual situations – of a very rough nature – violence, and strong language that may be offensive to some.
I fell in love with a very bad man.
Marcus Borden is that very bad man, but I knew that already. I accepted it. I just didn't expect to be pulled into the darkness of the world he'd worked so hard to hide from me. Now he's let me in and showed me what he's capable of – and it scares me. It scares me to think I'm in love with a man that has enemies who would do anything to hurt me.
And with a dark threat on the horizon, I need to ask myself just how far I'm willing to go to be with him. And how deeply in love I am with him to accept his darkness.
File Details:
- Borden 2 – R.J. Lewis ePUB


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2019-2020 North Carolina Real Estate – State Only Exam Review *(sales tax included)
- Summary Review
- License Law and Commission Rule Comments
- Sample Contract Forms
- 4 Practice Exams with Detailed Explanations
This book contains a detailed summary of information you need to pass the North Carolina state portion of the exam. We give you the information that you need to know, sample contract forms, North Carolina License Law and Commission ruled comments, 4 practice tests that are weighted to the Real Estate Commissions exam content outline and detailed solutions.
Price includes sales tax.
ALL UPDATED For the New Exam Outline – Beginning April 1, 2019
|1.01875 lbs
|8.5 × 11 × .5 in


text: Charles Browne is a full time private trader and is the immediate past ATAA National President and Life Member. He has been an ardent student of price action for over 15 years and has traded the markets since 1972, full time since 2004. Charles has lectured in technical analysis since 1996, and has given numerous presentations in cities across Australia. He has traded a variety of financial instruments including index futures, currencies and equities.


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Renovated Two Bedroom in Mississauga! (Hurontario/Burnhamthorpe)
- per month
Address: 265 Enfield Place, Mississauga, ON, L5B 3Y7
Property Features
- beautiful custom-tiled solarium
- security guard
- exercise room
- pool
- sauna
- games room
- storage locker
Property SummaryModern and bright two bedroom, two bathroom condo in downtown Mississauga! South-facing, split-bedroom layout with Munich oak flooring, kitchen with stainless steel appliances and granite countertops, and a walk-out to a beautiful custom-tiled solarium. Spacious master with large ensuite and oversized walk-in closet. Building amenities include exercise room, pool, sauna, games room and security guard. Located right at the corner of Hurontario and Burnhamthorpe, just steps to Square One Shopping Centre, public transit, restaurants, parks, and much more!
Rent is $2,200/month and includes all utilities plus cable! It also includes one parking spot and one storage locker. Available July 1st. Please contact Neda at email@example.com for details.


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Gold and black triangle lamp
Inspired by the big bro, the Tin Can Lamp, this lamp was made using a discarded wood plank, which was planed and cut to size. The tin can was sourced from an industrial kitchen and the design is both beautiful and practical. Sold without light bulb.
Upcycled | Recycled
Lamp, Handmade, Tin, Wood


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Watercolor Floral Tote
Watercolor Floral Tote
Watercolor Floral Tote
This lightweight, cotton canvas tote is perfect as a bridesmaid gift, beach tote, or honeymoon carry-on, with its feminine, watercolor floral design.
Available in a plain, bride or bridesmaid design, it is the perfect accessory to tote your toiletries during your getting-ready festivities.
12oz Polyester
14.5" x 13.5"
21.5" strap
DISCOUNT CODES (enter at checkout):
- order 2 items get 5% off - BPARTY5
- order 5 items get 10% off - BPARTY10
- order 8 items 15% off - BPARTY15


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Furniture by Collaro, and fabrics supplied by The Fabric Fox, this gorgeous interior won Balwin Properties Polofields Interior Design award.
Since being founded in 2014, The Fabric Fox has quickly realized the importance of offering quality fabrics to the market with superior service. The business prides itself on valuing the ever-changing and evolving world of textiles and craft, sending passionate buyers around the world to source bespoke fabrics at reasonable prices.
The Fabric Fox supplies fabrics ranging from curtaining fabrics, linings, to upholstery and versatile multi-use textiles. With its exclusive online store, The Fabric Fox strives to give its valued shoppers the largest range of quality products at the best price with a 48 hour turnaround time.


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It's Showdown Time as NBC Universal Enters Negotiations to Extend Carriage Deals
(from Sports Business Journal, October 15-21, 2012) Technology and sports are two things that go hand in hand today. Fans get their sports information from all over: mobile devices, social media, and internet. Mostly, however, people still get their fill of the game from television and TV channels. Just as any other area of sports TV is always changing and moving forward, which makes it difficult to keep up to date with.
At the end of this year NBC Universal will have to renegotiate many of its contracts with some of the country's biggest distributors, since at the end of this year many of those contracts expire. Executive Vice President of content distribution, Matt Bond, will be negotiating extensions for cable channels with Dish Network, a distributor that represents more than 18 million subscribers. Along with negotiating with Dish Network he will also have to create a new deal with the National Cable Television Cooperative (NCTC). NCTC is an organization of 900 small to midsized cable operators that represent 25 million subscribers that will be negotiating for up to 18 networks. Charter, which has more than 4 million subscribers, will also negotiate for all of NBC's cable channels.
These negotiations, which will include NBC Sports Network and the Comcast SportsNet regional sports networks, will be the first big carriage negotiations for the group since January 2011 when Comcast acquired NBC. This need for negotiations hasn't come at a great time for NBC Sports Network because its highest rated programming generally comes from NHL games and the league is still in the lock out. This means that many of the cable operators are missing the $ 0.31 per subscriber per month that would usually come from the NHL games.
With the possibility of becoming a public and contentious event NBC Universal will have to find a way to distribute their channels and keep customers from being blacked out in the process, not an easy feat.


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The past seven days have been some of the busiest I have had to date. To end last week, I had my biggest Thursday order ever! I got to finish the week with a small cupcake order. This week has been pretty similar. It has been full of orders, planning, and writing.
When I left off last week, I was in the middle of prepping for what ended up being a 19 meal day. It sounded a lot more intimidating than it actually ended up being. I was able to get a lot of things prepped the night before, and early Thursday morning. My largest hurdle was the cake I had to make. Baking and frosting it were the easy part, but I realized that my boxes weren't tall enough, so I had to leave and run to the store to find something that worked better. That was a major set back when I was getting ready to package everything up. Somehow, everything worked out just fine. At the end of the day, I successfully made all of my deliveries. The timing got a little worrisome toward the end, but I'm very glad that people were understanding.
I finished my week with a cupcake order. It was the perfect way to ease into the weekend. After Thursday being so busy, I enjoyed not being pressed for time! Making cupcakes is something that comes very naturally to me. It is really second nature. Two dozen cupcakes of two flavors only takes me about 45 minutes from start to finish.
Luckily, I had a pretty easy weekend. I didn't have any special orders, so I was able to relax and plan for my upcoming week. I knew that I was going to have a busy week again. Monday was interesting. I only had four deliveries, but most people ordered multiple meals. Those four deliveries were pretty rough. Over the weekend there was quite a bit of snow, so I spent most of Sunday and Monday morning worrying about how I was going to deliver all of these meals. My car only has front wheel drive… When Monday afternoon came, I knew the only thing that I could do was just go for it and try to make the deliveries. At the end of the day, I was able to make all of my deliveries and didn't get stuck. I actually got a ride to my last delivery and I had to meet someone because I knew my car wouldn't make it. Nonetheless, I got all of the meals to where they needed to be.
The rest of my week has been full of planning for my Thursday meal, and the winter market on Saturday. I am really looking forward to finishing the week strong and sharing how everything goes next Wednesday!


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Facial Gift Set
What is better than silky soft skin... nothing... nothing is better! Give the gift of happy skin... your loved one will thank you... guaranteed!
Ingredients: Charcoal Soap: Olive Oil, 100% Real Goat Milk, Coconut oil, Palm oil (from RSPO certified suppliers), Shea butter, Activated charcoal
Simpel Serum: Organic Calophyllum Inophyllum (Tamanu) oil, Simmondsia Chinansis (Jojoba) oil, Organic Nigella Sativa (Black Cumin Seed) oil, Cannabis Sativa (Hemp) oil, Corylus (Hazelnut) oil, Hippophae (Sea Buckthorn Seed) oil
Face Cream: 100% Real Goat Milk, Distilled water, Rosemary hydrosol, Emulsifying wax, Stearic acid (vegetable derived), Sweet almond oil, Avocado oil, Hemp seed oil, Apricot oil, Kokum seed butter, Willow bark extract, Coconut oil, Palm oil, Vitamin E butter, Tetrasodium EDTA*, Phenoxyethanol*
*Note: Tetrasodium EDTA and Phenoxyethanol are preservatives necessary to assure optimal shelf life and quality of our lotions and face creams. We have taken great care to formulate recipes that use as little of these ingredients as possible to meet these objectives.


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WhereBlackrock Dundalk Louth
ContactT: +353 42 9321731 E: firstname.lastname@example.com Visit Website
Founded in 1905, Dundalk Golf Club has unquestionably one of Ireland's finest parkland layouts.
Measuring more than 6,800yd, it is a stunning par-72 course set above the village of Blackrock. It offers magnificent views of the nearby Cooley and Mourne mountains, the Irish Sea and Dundalk Bay. Designed by Peter Alliss and Dave Thomas, the course is a wonderful test of golf.
Dundalk Golf Club has a magnificent and well-established clubhouse, with fantastic driving range and short-game facilities.


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Scala is a marvelous beast. Fire up the Scala shell and enter:
scala> "capitalize" res0: java.lang.String = capitalize scala> "capitalize".capitalize res1: String = Capitalize
How can that be?
"capitalize" is of type
java.lang.String, and the Java class does not have a
capitalize method. But the Scala RichString methods has (Scala 2.8 will use
StringOps). And there are more methods to RichString, like
reverse, drop, toDouble, toInt and toLong
scala> "123".toInt res2: Int = 123 scala> "123".toLong res3: Long = 123
Another nice one, is
format. Not as nice as as GStrings in Groovy, but nevertheless:
scala> "hello %s".format("stephan") res6: String = hello stephan
How can Scala do this? There is a conversion going on in Scala, which automatically converts your
Java String to
RichString when the method cannot be found in String but in RichString. The relevant code is in Predef (look for yourself and see how deep the rabbit-hole goes):
implicit def stringWrapper(x: String) = new runtime.RichString(x)
Scala Glory!


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By Luke
16th January 2019
6562 Views
Older Versions
A time consuming body paint depicting many different biomes of Earth. Most have sun rises and sunsets, one however, has a moon rising over red rock formations. Rainbowdash (Dimorph) came naturally coloured so isn't upload-able.
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© 2016 Ark:Paint


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When thinking of the rooms in your new home, you may picture a lovely guest room. Creating a guest room with classic elements ensures it will always be a pleasant place for friends to stay.
Consider a few features to include in the design of a timeless guest room.
A Bathroom and a Dressing Room
Of course, a classically-designed bathroom must be included in the design of your guest room. A bathtub and shower combination would appeal to many houseguests. A pedestal sink with gleaming silver faucets is a timeless feature in a guest bathroom.
A dressing room just outside the bathroom is a classic touch to add to the design. Be sure to include a spacious countertop, mirror, and sink. This allows one member of a couple to enjoy privacy in the bathroom while the other person washes their hands, brushes their teeth, or applies makeup in the dressing room.
Let in the Natural Light
Lots of natural light lends an airy atmosphere to a guest room. If there's a patio outside the room, consider incorporating French doors into the design. Installing a picture window or a skylight are other effective ways to let in plenty of sunlight.
You'll still need some artificial lighting, too, for when the sun refuses to shine. Make sure you choose the right lighting for your guests' needs; bright overhead lighting is a necessity, while softer lighting in the form of bedside lamps is ideal for cozy evenings.
A Well-Placed Bed
A queen sized bed is a great investment for a guest room. A comfortable bed can help your guests relax in unfamiliar surroundings. Place the bed in an area of the room where your guests can enjoy the morning sunlight filtering in through the windows or skylight.
Walls in White or a Neutral Colour
Paint the walls of your guest room white, beige, tan, or another neutral colour. This serves as an excellent background for any colours you want to add to the décor. Plus, white and beige will reflect the sunlight coming into the room enhancing its inviting tone to really nail the neutral look.
Bright Touches of Décor
Establishing a colour scheme makes it easy to add the right items to the décor of your guest room. For example, a colour scheme of blues means you can include different shades of blue in the bedspread, curtains, throw pillows, pillow shams, and even the artwork on the walls. Ideally, you want splashes of your chosen colour spread throughout the space.
A Unique Desk and Chair
If your guests would like to spend some time in their room, you want them to have a place to set up a laptop, lay down a book, or talk on the phone. Add a uniquely designed desk and chair to the space. You might even decide to revamp old furniture to make practical use of pieces you might have otherwise thrown away. Set up the desk near a window to give your guests an appealing view.
A Dresser in a Traditional Style
Most guests staying at a friend's home for a weekend or more don't want to keep their clothing and other items in a suitcase. So, put an attractive dresser into your guest room. Choose one with several drawers so your guests have plenty of space for their items.
Decorative Artwork with a Twist
Hang artwork in your guest room that says something about your home or family. For instance, if you have a golden retriever, put up a framed sketch or watercolour of the dog. Or, if there's a beautiful oak tree in your front yard you're especially proud of, put up a black and white photo of the tree. Other ideas for artwork include:
- Using frames made of different materials and featuring different colours.
- Use a matte in each frame highlighting your colour theme.
- Change your artwork every time a new guest stays in the room to keep the space fresh.
A Spacious Closet
Your dresser can accommodate your guest's socks, underwear, and tees. But, your guest room should have a closet available for any garments that must be hung up. Think about an extra wide closet so your guests can hang up their clothes in separate sections.
An Area Rug
An area rug provides warm, soft flooring for your guests when they take off their shoes for the night. Choosing an awesome area rug can add that extra bit of interest to the space, such as one with a border of fringe. Make sure the colours in your area rug adhere to the room's colour theme.
Setting up a guest room in a classic design can save you from feeling the need to redo the room with every new style trend. You've worked hard to get the home of your dreams, so make a point of creating a space that allows it to be shared with (and admired by) your loved ones.


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In recent years an ambitious program of action has been developed regarding the centre's most valuable documentation, especially the Registers of the Royal Chancellery (description, restoration and reprography through microfilm or digitalisation). All the digitised ones from the last ten years can be consulted online, since the resulting image has been linked to the revised description in the Portal of Spanish Archives (PARES).
At present, the information introduced to PARES in previous years through a bulk upload of existing manuscript and typed description tools is being reviewed. In parallel, new descriptions are being added and existing ones expanded, following the international ISAD(G) and ISAAR(CPF) standards, as well as the rules for the creation of access points of the General Sub-directorate of State Archives.
Likewise, the fields and levels of description are being reviewed and modified to facilitate the international exchange of information and facilitate the connection of PARES with the European Archives Portal through the APEF project.
The description of the Arab Letters collection has been completed.
The description of the Royal Letters of the time of Ferdinand the Catholic has been reviewed and completed.
Other news can be found on the Spanish Archives website (PARES).


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Summer is here and we have some new footwear updates to tell you about! Alejandro, our FIT Specialist has broken down what you need to know about the new kicks! Check out what he has to say.
New Balance - We are pumped about New Balance's update to the 880. The 880v3 is ideal for high mileage runners. ACTEVA lite cushioning and Abzorb technology makes the ride plusher but the fit is very similar to the well-received 880v2.
Saucony has updated two of their staple shoes, the Ride 6 and the Omni 12.
The Ride 6 features a big update with PowerGrid technology replacing ProGrid in the midsole, which provides for a smoother transition. Also, the forefoot has been redesigned with deeper flex grooves and more ground contact. If you're a Ride fan, come by and check it out today!
The Omni 12 also has some major updates to report. The Omni, along with the Ride also has upgraded their midsole to feature the PowerGrid, which creates a better overall ride. The fully decoupled SRS crash pad provides a smoother transition and better support and an all new, redesigned upper incorporates Arch-Lock and Support Frame to keep you supported and feeling good on the road.
Brooks - Next up are updates from Brooks Running. Brooks has updated their neutral line - the Glycerin 11 and the Ghost 6 for the summer. These are big updates and we think you will notice a huge improvement in the feel of the shoe.
The Ghost 6 features a bold move by Brooks, who has removed the mid-foot shank creating full ground contact. The underfoot gets the Caterpillar Crash Pad for the whole shoe length - from heel to lateral sides - which articulates lay-down so you feel more connected to the road with a bonus bouncy ride. Their innovative 3D Fit Print reduces weight making the Ghost 6 a bit lighter than its predecessor. The mesh and linings help to keep the foot cool and dry for your hot summer runs.
The Glycerin 11, everyone's favorite high cushion neutral shoe has that smooth ride Glycerin fans have come to know and love while the upper has been redesigned to be both supportive and lightweight. Like the Ghost 6, Brooks has removed the mid-foot shank to improve transition through foot-strike and you will find that there is more flexibility in the 11 making your feet Run Happy!
Now that race season is in full swing, check out the wear on your shoes and if it's time to update, or you just want to check out the new technologies, drop by the store today and check out the updates!


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YEY! We're shipping again! Please allow up to 10 days for delivery because of the curfew. Thank you!
The Dark Chocolate peanut butter is like a dream come true. It's healthy (because each jar is 80% peanuts) but it is mixed in with just the right amount of dark chocolate and jaggery to give this a gorgeous chocolate-y taste. Try this in our favourite recipe - add a banana, a glass of milk and 2 tablespoons of this dark chocolate peanut butter to a blender and make yourself a high protein milkshake. Be sure to come back and let us know what you thought!
Highlights: 80% Peanuts, Dairy Free, No Oil, Low Sugar, No Preservatives
Ingredients: 80% Peanuts, Dark Chocolate, Jaggery
Dark Chocolate Ingredients: Sugar, Cocoa Solids, Cocoa Butter, Emulsifiers INS322 (i), INS476, Nature Identical Flavouring Substances
Shelf life: 12 months from manufacturing date
Quantity: 290gm
We offer free shipping on all our products and it would take between 4-6days to have your jar delivered.


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Tuesday, August 16, 2011
Lunch for Two Weeks $2.37
I thought it was a bargain at $10 until we discovered bonesless, skinless prepackaged, name brand chicken breasts at SaveALot, $2.37 for three breasts. We have chickens but we don't raise these for meat, not yet at least, so we typically purchase a hog or half cow from friends or the butcher and then fill in with chicken or lately, deer.
I thought why not cook all three of these breasts, seasoned with garlic and Montreal Steak in a little bacon grease. I chopped them up in bite sized pieces portioned them into individual servings double wrapped in baggies and then sealed all the baggies into a freezer bag. I'm not a big meat eater so these three breasts will cover me for 10 days, or two weeks of lunch. Each portion costs me about $0.24 plus the minimal costs of seasoning and cheap baggies.
Supplement it with some sliced peaches or fresh vegetables and there you have it, lunch on less than $1.50 per day and it isn't frozen and full of sodium. Plus it has meat. My frozen dinners were pasta with broccoli or cheese, no meat at all. Now this has to be much healthier.
Now, what about dinner?
We cooked some rigatoni noodles and topped them with the sauce. We had a little garlic bread on the side as well. We used only a portion of the sauce, under $1 for the two of us so dinner today was $3 or less. A little more if you enjoy a side salad.
He will put the remainder of the sauce in bowls, placing them in the freezer just until firm and holds it shape. Remove it from the freezer and pop it out of the bowl. With our vacuum sealer we will be able to package up an individual day's serving of sauce for two. Then back into the freezer for longer term storage or until one has a yearning for mostacholi or spaghetti.
There are times where we lose sight of meat in our large deep freezer only to discover it later all freezer burnt. It makes a good day for the cats but to us it's throwing money out the door. My friend recently tossed out a $17 roast after finding it too freezer burnt to even stew. From now on we will purchase in quantity when we find a good sale and portion it in the vacuum bags. My neighbor has many other great ideas on using the vacuum sealer so I'll be pumping her for information in the days to come!
Frugal and prepared.
4 comments:
- Michelle said...
I am going to try the vaccum seal ideal. We vacuum seal all the time. But have never done it after it's frozen.
- August 17, 2011 at 12:45 PM
- Kathy Felsted Usher said...
You might have to wrap the frozen sauce in an inexpensive baggie and then use the vacuum bag, just so it won't suck the juices through and prevent a seal, if it's unfrozen at all.
- August 17, 2011 at 5:08 PM
- Lea H @ Nourishing Treasures said...
Thanks for leaving your post here as part of the Living Well link-up! We appreciate the contribution!
- August 24, 2011 at 7:32 PM
- Laurie Neverman, The Common Sense Woman said...
Thanks for linking up to the Living Well Blog Hop, and thanks for linking to me on your sidebar. I just bought a new vacuum sealer last week after my old one finally stopped working after over ten years of service. I love not having freezer burned foods.
- August 24, 2011 at 9:30 PM
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Ten Years of Presence at the Gulf
Anniversary at Arburg
Right at the start of the year, Arburg's subsidiary in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) celebrated its ten-year anniversary at the beginning of the Arabplast trade fair. From its location in Ras Al Khaimah, Arburg VAE also supports the GCC countries (Gulf Cooperation Council) Syria, Lebanon, Jordan and Yemen. Andrea Carta, Director Sales Overseas, presented the traditional anniversary sculpture to the subsidiary manager Joachim Branz on behalf of the parent company.
The anniversary celebration took place at the Dubai Creek Club on Marina Island. Congratulations from the entire Arburg parent company were expressed by Carta: "I heartily congratulate Joachim Branz and his team on ten years of Arburg in the United Arab Emirates. To our customers, I would like to express my special thanks for the trust you have placed in Arburg and for the successful cooperation."
Great Potential of the Arabian Market
Since the subsidiary was founded in 2009, Arburg has continuously invested in the Arabian market, which offers large potential with sophisticated technological applications and a growing number of plastic-processing companies, according to Andrea Carta. "The entire spectrum is covered, from the production and refining of crude oil, to the production of plastic, right through to processing."
The focus of the Arburg VAE subsidiary is the packaging industry, which has traditionally been a strong presence in the Arab states. Technical molded parts and products for medical technology and the automotive sector are also important in this market. High-tech machines are in great demand, and it is this premium segment that Arburg targets with its product range.
In addition to the premium injection molding technology, Arburg offers professional consulting provided by the company's experts, as well as comprehensive support in pre- and after-sales service. The service package includes an expert hotline for fast assistance by phone, local service technicians and a wide range of training courses and seminars. All this is rounded off by an spare parts warehouse to guarantee high availability.
Exclusive Cooperation
Arburg cooperates exclusively with the Higher Institute for Plastics Fabrication (HIPF) in Riyadh in order to introduce young people to high-end injection molding technology. The technical center of the HIPF offers space for 15 Allrounders and the full infrastructure of an injection molding company, allowing live presentations.
ARBURG GmbH + Co KG
E-mail: contact <AT> arburg.com
Would you like to subscribe to our Newsletters on plastics technology and profit from the latest information?
Looking for a new challenge? Check out our jobs market!
Patents encourage innovation: Stay on the ball with the latest innovations in the plastics industry in our patents section.


text: Cash savings It's often tempting to spend all your pay immediately, but if you can afford it and don't have any debts, saving money for the future is a big step towards being MoneyFit. Choosing between savings options is easier than it looks. There are hundreds of accounts, but only a few types of account - some for easy access to emergency funds, some for saving regularly and some for growing your money. Check the Annual Equivalent Rate (AER) The AER shows how much interest you will earn over the course of a year. It takes into account how often the interest is paid and what effect compounding will have. So it lets you compare how much interest you will earn on an account where interest is paid monthly with one where interest is paid once a year. So in accounts where interest is paid monthly the AER will be lower than that where interest is paid once a year. But if interest gets compounded, it may offer a higher return than the interest paid once a year.


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Check out Zell am See Zell am See is just a 1 hour drive to west of Flachau. As well as being one of Austria's famous ski resorts, the combination of lake and mountain attracts even more tourists in the … Read More
Check out Lichtensteinklamm Situated just outside St Johann im Pongau (only 12kms from Flachau) is one of Europe's steepest and most beautiful gorges. It's a spectacular journey along a guided walkway and through tunnels following the course of the waters, … Read More
Werfen Ice Caves
Check out Werfen Ice Caves The caves deserve to be officially recognised as one of the new 7 wonders of the modern world. The network of caves make up the largest system of ice caves in the world. It literally … Read More
Hohenwerfen Castle
Check out Hohenwerfen Castle This magnificent castle has been used in many movies and films, most notably in 'Where Eagles Dare' and 'The Sound of Music'. The castle dates back to the 11th century and was built on a large … Read More
Check out Altenmarkt Altenmarkt is growing village and is the gateway to the Zauchensee ski slopes. It's got a great mix of the old and traditional Austrian village (village squares, beautifully fronted buildings, and onion domed church) with good shopping … Read More
Check out Berchtesgaden This is one of the most famous and beautiful towns in the Alps, surprisingly it's in Germany, just across the border, yet only approx 50 minutes from Flachau. The town lies in fantastic setting, overlooked by Mount … Read More


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Gujarat CM announces joint working group for agri, horticulture with Israel | Agriculture commodities are looking good on charts, says Choice Broking | PM Modi meets business leaders: 'Industry should invest more across sectors' | In the next two years, ICRISAT will work in the state's dryland farming areas with 6,100 smallholder farmers, 2,000 of whom are women. | Walmart Foundation grants $2 mn to agriculture project in Andhra Pradesh | Gujarat delegation in Israel to identify agriculture opportunities | Mangaluru-based CBSE school makes farm science a part of curriculum | ...
Success Stories
Vermicomposting brings better yields and returns - A small farmer shows the
Molakalmuru Taluk Village, Chitradurga District, Karnataka
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25 August, 2017
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Amar Singh
Bharatpur, Rajasthan
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02 August, 2017
Mixed cropping, organic farming and water saving technologies help Naidu tur
Gudivada Nagaratnam Naidu.
Taramathipet village, about 25 km from Hyderabad.
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09 May, 2017
Bacterial Blight Control in Pomegranate with Arka
Mr. Sundaram, K
Aranakatte Village, Hiriyur Taluk, Chitradurga District, Karnataka
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27 April, 2017
This Woman Farmer from Maharashtra Grew 15 Crops in a Year Using the One-Acr
Vanita Balbhim Manshetty
Chiwri village in Osmanabad district, Maharashtra
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06 January, 2017
Carrot Farmer Earned Rs.2.22 Lac per Hectare
Charan Singh
Soodna village,Western Uttar Pradesh
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12 August, 2016
Bio- char, compost tea are the new recipe
Antoy John
Kollam Municipal Corporation, Kerala Malappuram , Kerela
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18 July, 2016
An Innovative Vegetable Farmer, Karnataka
Smt Chenamma
Date :
10 February, 2016
Gomeshri Munda, a Farmer With a Dream
Gomeshi Munda
Ulatu Village, Namkum Block, Ranchi
Date :
14 January, 2016
Bumper Crop of Vivek Maize Hybrid 45 in Uttarakhand
Indian Council of Agricultural Research
Krishi Bhavan, New Delhi
Date :
17 December, 2015
Woman Power for a New Horizon
Api Bekang SHG
Village Yagrung, Arunachal Pradesh
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20 August, 2015
From Commando to an Undisputed Farmer
Bewang Lowsang
Village Bera Khonsa, Arunachal Pradesh
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An Inspiration for Hundred Others
Ganesh Nanote, Akola, Vidarbha, Maharashtra
Akola, Vidarbha, Maharashtra
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22 July, 2015
Oilseed cultivation in the NEH Region
Central Agricultural University, Imphal
Central Agricultural University, Imphal
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28 January, 2015
Generating constant income imperative for successful farming
Mr Umesh
Kalya village, Magadi taluk, Ramangara District, Karnataka
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03 November, 2014
Women empowerment through agriculture
09 Mar 2020
Shubh Swain
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Asst Director, Tata Cornell Institute, TARINA
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Radha Mohan Singh
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19 Jan 2016
Crop insurance scheme brings cheers
In view of the growing volatility in the agriculture sector caused by vagaries of nature as well as market fluctuations, it is heartening to see the new Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY)
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text:
Symmetric dimethylarginine, high-density lipoproteins, and cardiovascular risk assessment: are we ready for clinical use?
There is very good evidence that patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), particularly those with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), have an increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality when compared with the general population (1). The proposed mechanisms for the increased cardiovascular risk in CKD patients include the coexistence of major risk factors such as hypertension and diabetes, the main risk factors for CKD/ESRD in the first instance, the presence of significant functional and structural cardiovascular alterations, particularly arterial wall stiffening and left ventricular hypertrophy, that increase per se cardiovascular risk, and the high prevalence of previous cardiovascular events, e.g., myocardial infarction and stroke (1,2). Although there is a strong association between CKD and cardiovascular disease, research continues to focus on the identification of novel biomarkers, and the development of specific scoring systems, to further enhance cardiovascular risk stratification. This would assist with better identifying and monitoring patients benefiting from aggressive cardioprotective strategies, with or without the need for renal replacement therapy.
Over the last 25 years, in vitro and in vivo studies have investigated the pathophysiological role of two endogenous methylated arginine analogues, asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA), not only in CKD but also in other disease states characterized by high cardiovascular risk. Both ADMA and, particularly, SDMA undergo renal clearance. Not surprisingly, therefore, CKD/ESRD patients have higher ADMA and SDMA concentrations when compared with the general population (3). Prospective studies have provided good evidence that higher circulating ADMA concentrations significantly predict cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in CKD, particularly ESRD (4,5). The proposed mechanisms to explain the increased cardiovascular risk primarily involve the inhibitory effects of ADMA towards nitric oxide (NO) synthase in vitro, with a consequent reduction in NO synthesis, although this is controversial in vivo (3,6,7). A reduction in NO synthesis would lead to endothelial dysfunction, cardiovascular remodelling, and impaired vascular homeostasis, with a consequent increase in atherothrombotic risk (8). By contrast, the role of SDMA in cardiovascular risk prediction has not been thoroughly investigated, mainly because of the lack of knowledge regarding its biological effects in health and disease (9). Experimental work has shown that SDMA might inhibit L-arginine cell uptake, albeit at supraphysiological concentrations (10). This, in turn would reduce the amount of intracellular L-arginine available as a substrate for NO synthase. More recently, other in vitro studies have shed new light on the pathophysiological role of SDMA. Schepers et al. reported that SDMA triggers the intracellular production of reactive oxygen species, a well-known step in the pathophysiology of vascular disease and atherosclerosis (11,12). Furthermore, Speer et al demonstrated that SDMA accumulates in high-density lipoproteins (HDL) in patients with CKD (13). Notably, SDMA accumulation not only reduces the biological anti-atherosclerotic effects of HDL, but also transforms this lipoprotein into a lipid fraction that is able to promote endothelial dysfunction, inflammation and vascular damage (13). The detrimental effects of SDMA-enriched HDL are thought to be mediated by the Toll-like receptor-2 (13). Therefore, the biological and pathophysiological effects of HDL on vascular homeostasis seem to be highly dependent on circulating SDMA concentrations, and the consequent degree of SDMA accumulation in this lipoprotein. This hypothesis, however, requires confirmation in longitudinal studies assessing SDMA, HDL-C and clinical outcomes in patients with CKD.
Zewinger et al. have recently sought to address this issue, by investigating the capacity of ADMA, SDMA and HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) concentrations to predict cardiovascular outcomes in two established epidemiological cohorts, LURIC (n=3,310) and MONICA/KORA S3 (n=1,424) (14). Both ADMA and SDMA concentrations at baseline, in separate analyses, significantly predicted the primary outcomes, all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality. Further analyses showed that, in the presence of relatively low SDMA concentrations, higher HDL-C concentrations predicted lower all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. By contrast, in the presence of high SDMA concentrations, higher HDL-C concentrations were associated with an increased risk of adverse outcomes (14). No effect on the predictive capacity of HDL-C concentrations was observed with different ADMA concentrations. Complementary in vitro studies confirmed the association between an impairment in renal function, with consequent increase in circulating SDMA concentrations, and accumulation of SDMA in HDL. The effects of different methylated arginine concentrations on cholesterol efflux capacity were also studied. Cholesterol efflux is an increasingly recognized protective mechanism by which key target cells, e.g., macrophages within the atherosclerotic vascular wall, are able to revert the LDL-induced intracellular cholesterol accumulation, therefore favouring its elimination through the liver and bile (15). CKD patients with higher SDMA concentrations had a significantly lower cholesterol efflux capacity when compared with patients with lower SDMA concentrations. By contrast, ADMA concentrations were not a significant effect modifier of cholesterol efflux capacity (14).
The results of the study by Zewinger et al. suggest a novel pathophysiological role of SDMA, whereby this methylated arginine analogue accumulates in HDL, inducing important structural and functional modifications of these lipid particles. This, in turn, leads to detrimental, rather than salutary, effects on vascular homeostasis and integrity (14). However, an important issue is whether the measurement of SDMA and HDL-C concentrations in patients with CKD can provide significant additional knowledge, in terms of risk stratification and treatment decisions, to that already provided by conventional risk factors. From a practical standpoint, the use of novel biomarkers in clinical practice is likely to be considered if they (I) are easily measurable; and (II) provide significant additional predictive capacity particularly in patients at moderate risk, who often present treatment challenges and require an individualized approach. By contrast patients with previous cardiovascular events are considered by definition at high-risk, and normally require aggressive pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment for secondary prevention. Therefore, the identification of novel biomarkers in this group is unlikely to change treatment decisions. With this background in mind, several limitations curtail the data interpretation and the routine applicability of the results of the study by Zewinger et al.:
While the predictive capacity of ADMA in CKD/ESRD patients is well established, the role of SDMA as a biomarker is still under investigation. In a recent study by Shafi et al., baseline SDMA concentrations in CKD patients were associated with a higher risk for cardiac death (HR 1.40, 95% CI: 1.03 to 1.92). However, this effect was no longer significant after adjusting for baseline ADMA concentrations (HR 1.20, 95% CI: 0.86 to 1.68) (16). The lack of adjustment for ADMA concentrations in the study by Zewinger et al. does not allow to establish whether SDMA and HDL-C concentrations provide predictive capacity that is independent of ADMA concentrations.
The relatively long duration of follow-up in the LURIC (9.9 years) and MONICA/KORA S3 (16.8 years), together with the lack of data during intermediate time points, does not rule out the possibility that subsequent changes in clinical status and/or prescribed medications might have affected per se the outcomes of interest.
Important confounders, such as presence/severity of hypertension and treatment with renin angiotensin system inhibitors or beta-blockers, were not accounted for in the regression models. Hypertension has been shown to be a major predictor of adverse cardiovascular outcomes in CKD patients (17). Furthermore, drugs used in cardiovascular risk management are likely to influence, by definition, all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, and affect methylated arginine concentrations (18-20).
A significant proportion of participants in the LURIC study had suffered a previous cardiovascular event, e.g. myocardial infarction or stroke, which by itself would increase their risk of subsequent cardiovascular events during the follow-up (21). The inclusion of a history of cardiovascular event in the regression models might have significantly diluted the predictive capacity of ADMA, SDMA and HDL-C.
The discriminatory superiority of the HDL-C/SDMA model over the HDL/serum amyloid model demonstrated by Zewinger et al., albeit convincing, does not provide evidence of superiority over conventional risk factors or scoring systems, e.g. the Framingham score (22).
In conclusion, the recent study by Zewinger et al. provides significant insight into a novel biological and pathophysiological role of SDMA in the context of impaired renal function and cardiovascular risk (14). However, from an economic and public health perspective, the aforementioned issues do not currently support the routine assessment of SDMA and HDL-C concentrations in patients with CKD. Further studies, using more comprehensive statistical analyses, are required to demonstrate the independent effects of these parameters on hard cardiovascular end-points and their additional predictive capacity over established risk factors, before their routine measurement for clinical decisions and patient management can be justified.
AA Mangoni has participated in this work during a Visiting Professorship at the University of Sassari.
Conflicts of Interest: The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.
- Gansevoort RT, Correa-Rotter R, Hemmelgarn BR, et al. Chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular risk: epidemiology, mechanisms, and prevention. Lancet 2013;382:339-52. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- London GM. Cardiovascular disease in chronic renal failure: pathophysiologic aspects. Semin Dial 2003;16:85-94. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Vallance P, Leiper J. Cardiovascular biology of the asymmetric dimethylarginine:dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase pathway. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2004;24:1023-30. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Lu TM, Chung MY, Lin CC, et al. Asymmetric dimethylarginine and clinical outcomes in chronic kidney disease. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2011;6:1566-72. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Zoccali C, Bode-Boger S, Mallamaci F, et al. Plasma concentration of asymmetrical dimethylarginine and mortality in patients with end-stage renal disease: a prospective study. Lancet 2001;358:2113-7. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Hewitson CL, Whiting MJ, Barbara JA, et al. Acute effects of haemodialysis on biochemical modulators of endothelial function. J Intern Med 2007;262:571-80. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Bouteldja N, Woodman RJ, Hewitson CL, et al. Methylated arginines and nitric oxide in end-stage renal disease: impact of inflammation, oxidative stress and haemodialysis. Biomarkers 2013;18:357-64. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Napoli C, de Nigris F, Williams-Ignarro S, et al. Nitric oxide and atherosclerosis: an update. Nitric Oxide 2006;15:265-79. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Mangoni AA. The emerging role of symmetric dimethylarginine in vascular disease. Adv Clin Chem 2009;48:73-94. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Closs EI, Basha FZ, Habermeier A, et al. Interference of L-arginine analogues with L-arginine transport mediated by the y+ carrier hCAT-2B. Nitric Oxide 1997;1:65-73. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Schepers E, Glorieux G, Dhondt A, et al. Role of symmetric dimethylarginine in vascular damage by increasing ROS via store-operated calcium influx in monocytes. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2009;24:1429-35. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Nowak WN, Deng J, Ruan XZ, et al. Reactive Oxygen Species Generation and Atherosclerosis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2017;37:e41-52. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Speer T, Rohrer L, Blyszczuk P, et al. Abnormal high-density lipoprotein induces endothelial dysfunction via activation of Toll-like receptor-2. Immunity 2013;38:754-68. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Zewinger S, Kleber ME, Rohrer L, et al. Symmetric dimethylarginine, high-density lipoproteins and cardiovascular disease. Eur Heart J 2017;38:1597-607. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Rosenson RS, Brewer HB Jr, Davidson WS, et al. Cholesterol efflux and atheroprotection: advancing the concept of reverse cholesterol transport. Circulation 2012;125:1905-19. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Shafi T, Hostetter TH, Meyer TW, et al. Serum Asymmetric and Symmetric Dimethylarginine and Morbidity and Mortality in Hemodialysis Patients. Am J Kidney Dis 2017. [Epub ahead of print]. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Shlipak MG, Fried LF, Cushman M, et al. Cardiovascular mortality risk in chronic kidney disease: comparison of traditional and novel risk factors. JAMA 2005;293:1737-45. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Mangoni AA, Zinellu A, Carru C, et al. Transsulfuration pathway thiols and methylated arginines: the Hunter Community Study. PLoS One 2013;8:e54870. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Wadham C, Mangoni AA. Dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase regulation: a novel therapeutic target in cardiovascular disease. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2009;5:303-19. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Maas R. Pharmacotherapies and their influence on asymmetric dimethylargine (ADMA). Vasc Med 2005;10 Suppl 1:S49-57. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Winkelmann BR, Marz W, Boehm BO, et al. Rationale and design of the LURIC study--a resource for functional genomics, pharmacogenomics and long-term prognosis of cardiovascular disease. Pharmacogenomics 2001;2:S1-73. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Weiner DE, Tighiouart H, Elsayed EF, et al. The Framingham predictive instrument in chronic kidney disease. J Am Coll Cardiol 2007;50:217-24. [Crossref] [PubMed]
Cite this article as: Mangoni AA, Zinellu A, Sotgia S, Carru C. Symmetric dimethylarginine, high-density lipoproteins, and cardiovascular risk assessment: are we ready for clinical use? J Lab Precis Med 2017;2:40.


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Suisun City Truck Accident Lawyer
If you live in Suisun City, chances are that you frequently use either I-80 or Highway 12 to get to and from other areas. While you are using these highways, you probably also see numerous large semi-trucks hauling goods to various cities. Because California is an agricultural state with massive ports, trucking is a big part of our economy. Because Suisun City is located right on the gateway to the San Francisco Bay Area, many of these trucks frequently use local highways. While it's estimated that around 75 percent of Californian cities rely on big-rigs to deliver necessary goods like food and clothing, these vehicles also pose a dangerous risk to people in regular cars.
Because they are so large, crashes that involve big rigs are more likely to cause severe or fatal trauma. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration has reported that an average of over 250 Californians loses their lives in accidents involving semi trucks every year. Those who survive trucking collisions are often left with injuries that require major medical procedures, and many are left with permanent health issues after the accident.Trucking Companies are Quick to Act
Big-rigs are most often owned by a holding company that operates a fleet of trucks. Because these companies oversee so many vehicles, they are very aware of the risk of serious accidents. Trucking companies almost always have a response team at-the-ready in the event of a crash. These teams are sent out to collision sites to gather evidence and take statements from witnesses to build a case that can defend the company from liability. This means that companies usually have a head-start on disclaiming responsibility for damages.
Because you are competing with a company that is ready to defend themselves, it is important to have the help of a Suisun City truck accident lawyer who has a deep understanding of how trucking collision cases work. Having a lawyer with extensive experience handling trucking accidents is critical when you are seeking compensation for lost income, medical expenses, and other losses related to your accident.Common Negligent Behavior of Commercial Carriers and Truck Drivers
Trucking accidents are unique because there are federal and state regulations that truckers and truck companies need to follow. If these regulations are violated, companies can be considered negligent and held responsible for the accident.
I don't want to say that truck drivers are irresponsible. The large majority of truckers are professionals who take their commitment to safety seriously, and most truck drivers will never cause a collision. However, when drivers do fail to meet safety standards, the results are often catastrophic. Companies sometimes pressure truckers to meet tight shipping schedules, incentivizing drivers to spend more hours driving than they should. This can mean that drivers are fatigued while operating their vehicle, which can seriously impair driving ability. Other common ways that truckers and trucking companies cause accidents include:
- Speeding
- Failure to adequately screen driving records
- Failing to check blind spots
- Poor vehicle maintenance
- Insufficient training
- Lack of supervision
I have represented many individuals who've suffered injuries during trucking accidents. In my experience, these injuries tend to be severe. Some of the injuries that my clients have sustained include:
- Amputation injuries
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Many of the above injuries drastically change the way that people live their day-to-day lives. Some require expensive surgeries and others leave people unable to work. Dealing with these damages while enduring a painful recovery process is often overwhelming and can lead to mental health issues like depression and anxiety. For this reason, it is important that responsible parties are held liable for their negligent actions.Recovering Damages
Recovering the money that you need to pay for your damages after a trucking accident can be complicated. Insurers and companies may be unwilling to pay the full amount that you deserve for your losses. When this happens, it is critically important that you have a lawyer who can represent your interests and argue on your behalf. A good lawyer should be willing to do everything they can to support your case, including going to court.
Many people aren't sure if they will able to afford a good lawyer. However, I take my cases on a contingency basis, which allows me to help people regardless of their financial situation. Take a look at the below video to learn more about affording an excellent attorney:Suisun City Truck Accident Attorney
I'm Ed Smith, a Suisun City truck accident lawyer. If you've suffered injuries in a trucking accident or know somebody who has, please call me at either (800) 404-5400 or (707) 564-1900 to receive my free, friendly legal advice.
I've assisted residents of Suisun City claim just personal injury and wrongful death payments for more than 37 years. You can learn more about how we have helped our past clients by visiting the Settlements and Verdicts page on my website.
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Exterior view looking up
- Date:
- 18 Aug 2004
- Location:
- Gas Holder Station, Glen Way, Brierfield, Clogger Bridge, Pendle, Lancashire
- Reference:
- Type:
- Photograph (Negative)
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This is part of the Job: 2K/07643 Gas Holder Station; within the Volume: BF110286 Gas Holder Station, Glen Way, Brierfield; within the Series: RCH01/080 Gas Works Project; within the Collection: RCH01 Royal Commission on the Historical Monuments of England (RCHME) Archive
Copyright Historic England Archive
Photographer: Williams, Peter