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1 Introduction
The increasing dependence on information systems in organizations has led their critical information exposed to the possibility of cyber-crime nowadays (Tassabehji et al., 2007; Reddy & Rao, 2016). As a result, proactive approaches have to be adopted in organizations to safeguard organizational information in today's dynamic environment. Enforcing information security compliance (Boss & Kirsch,, 2007; Siponen et al., 2007; Lee et al., 2016), which is referred to as the implementation of information security standards and policies for protecting information in organizations, is a proactive approach that is widely used (Von Solms, 2005; Alkalbani et al., 2014; 2015a; Safa et al., 2016). There is an accelerated adoption of the information security compliance approach in organizations across the world (Kim et al., 2016). A report from the International Standards Certifications (ISC 2015) points out that there is an increasing spending in organizations to ensure their compliance with existing standards and policies for information security.
There is an increasing recognition of the importance of information security in organizations across the world (Alkalbani et al., 2015b; Appari et al., 2009; Bulgurcu et al., 2010). This leads to specific laws, regulations, standards and policies that have been developed for helping organizations adequately protect their information. Such laws, regulations, standards and policies create institutional pressures on individual organizations on what they have to do in protecting their information through the adoption of information security compliance (Cavusoglu et al., 2015; Kim et al., 2016). Furthermore, there is an increasing expectation from various stakeholders on what organizations are required to do for protecting their information through information security compliance (Davidsson et al., 2006, Hu et al., 2007). All such pressures to some extent influence the behaviors of individual organizations in their compliance with information security laws, regulations, standards and policies for protecting organizational information in today's dynamic environment.
There are numerous studies that have been conducted on information security compliance in organizations (Herath & Rao, 2009; Bulgurcu et al., 2010; Ifinedo, 2013; Kim et al., 2016). Herath and Rao (2009), for example, investigate the factors related to the behaviors, motivations, values and norms that affect employees' intentions to comply with information security compliance in organizations. Siponen et al. (2010) examine the factors related to normative beliefs, threat appraisal, self-efficacy, and visibility that influence employees' intention to comply with information security policies in organizations. Ifinedo (2013) assesses the social influence of changing individual's thoughts, actions, feelings, attitudes, and behaviors on information security compliance in organizations. Kim et al. (2016) investigate the factors that influence employees` information security policy compliance behaviors using elements of the Triandis model. These studies have focused primarily on understanding employees' attitudes, and behavior on information security compliance in organizations. There is, however, lack of research in better understanding the impact of institutional pressures on information security compliance in organizations (Vance et al., 2012).
This paper presents an empirical study to investigate the impact of institutional pressures on information security compliance in organizations. With the use of structural equation modeling for analyzing the data collected through an online survey, the study shows that coercive pressures, normative pressures, and mimetic pressures positively influence information security compliance in organizations. It reveals that the benefits of information security generate pressures on management to strengthen their commitments at information security compliance in organizations. Furthermore, the study find out that social pressures do not have a significant impact on management commitments towards information security compliance. Theoretically this study contributes to the information security compliance research by better understanding how institutional pressures can be used as a baseline for enhancing information security compliance in organizations. Practically this study informs information security policy makers in organizations on the major institutional drivers for influencing information security compliance.
The rest of this paper is organized as follows. Section 2 presents a literature review of information security compliance from the perspective of institutional pressures on organizations. Section 3 presents an information security compliance model with a focus on the impact of institutional pressures on information security compliance in organizations. Section 4 describes the research methodology that this study adopts. Section 5 presents the research findings based on the analysis of the survey data. Finally Section 6 presents the conclusion with the limitations of the study and future research.
2 Literature Review
With the rapid development of information and communication technologies, the security of information is becoming increasingly critical in organizations. This has led organizations to adopt various security practices and solutions including the adoption of the information security compliance approach for establishing a proper use of their organizational information (Al-Kalbani et al., 2015b; Siponen et al., 2007; Vance et al., 2012). Information security compliance ensures that information security mechanisms implemented in an organisation can work together effectively to protect the critical information (Tassabehji et al., 2007; Kim et al., 2016). It is considered as an institutional yardstick for showing that adequate steps have been taken to protect organizational information (Boss & Kirsch, 2007; Safa et al., 2016; Siponen et al., 2010).
The institutional theory (DiMaggio & Powell, 1983) is widely used for better understanding how institutional pressures influence information security compliance in organizations. Such a theory states that organizations must secure legitimacy from stakeholders by conforming to external expectations (Appari et al., 2009; Hu et al., 2007). This legitimacy can be gained by making strategic responses to external pressures (Cavusoglu et al., 2015). The basic notion of the institutional theory is that organizational structures and behaviors are based on the cultural and social pressures of their environments (Luna-Reyes & Gil-García, 2011). These pressures may determine, for example, how an organization is built, how it is run, and how it is understood and evaluated in a specific situation.
There are three types of external pressures that an organization has to consider including coercive pressures, normative pressures, and mimetic pressures (Davidsson et al., 2006; Cavusoglu et al., 2015). Coercive pressures force organizations to adopt certain institutionalized regulations and practices with respect to the security of organizational information in managing the organization (Hu et al., 2007). Such pressures stems from government laws and regulations that force organizations to act in compliance to certain rules and practices to receive legitimacy (Edwards et al., 2009). Normative pressures come from the community expectation that organizations are compelled to honor as responsible citizens in a specific circumstance (Appari et al., 2009). Mimetic pressures refer to the acquiescence by imitating peers to gain organizational legitimacy for better collaboration and cooperation along the supply chain in order to be competitive in the market place (Safa et al., 2016). They are present when an organization adopts the same actions, structure, and behaviors of similar organizations within their environments as a means of gaining legitimacy.
The usefulness of the institutional theory in understanding the adoption of specific technological innovations is well exemplified in the existing literature (Cavusoglu et al., 2015; Liang et al., 2007). Butler (2003), for example, uses the institutional theory to show that a high degree of established commitments and maintaining existing relationships are the two institutional factors that influence the development of web-based systems in organizations. Cavalluzzo and Ittner (2004) reveal that the adoption of legislative requirements influences the implementation of management control systems that increases the operational productivity in public organizations. Liang et al. (2007) use the institutional theory to show that there is a significant impact of existing rules and regulations, and public opinions on organizational behaviors in the organizational compliance process. These studies demonstrate that the institutional theory provides a sounding theoretical background for understanding the adoption of technological innovations from the institutional perspective in organizations.
There are several studies that have investigated information security compliance in organizations with the use of various theories (Pahnila et al., 2007; Herath & Rao, 2009; Bulgurcu et al., 2010; Warkentin et al., 2011). Bulgurcu et al. (2010), for example, find that having information security awareness programs highly affects employees' beliefs about the benefits of compliance and the cost of non-compliance with the use of the theory of planned behaviour. Shaw (2012) shows that having an organizational security culture improves employees' attitudes towards information security compliance using the attitude theory. Kankanhalli et al. (2003) find out that the fear of sanction of non-compliance with information security policies has a significant impact on employees' behavior towards information security compliance on the basis of an organizational theory. These studies show a predominant focus on influencing employees' attitudes for improving information security compliance in organizations (Herath & Rao, 2009). There is, however, more on information security compliance such as information security governance (Smith & Jamieson, 2006) and legislative requirements that may influence information security compliance in organizations. There is an increasing call for using socio-organizational theories such as the institutional theory (DiMaggio & Powell, 1983) for better understanding how organizations comply with various information security regulations,, standards and policies from an institutional perspective (Hovav & D'Arcy, 2012). This is because the institutional theory can be used to better explain how an organizational environment can be used to influence the development of a formal information security structure in organizations.
3 Hypotheses Development
Non-compliance to information security standards and policies is one of the main reasons for security breaches in organizations (AlKalbani et al., 2014; Ullah et al., 2013). The adoption of information security compliance is becoming increasingly the focus for adequately protecting organizational information (Boss & Kirsch, 2007; Kim et al., 2016; Siponen et al., 2007; Von Safa et al., 2016; Solms, 2005). Adopting the information security compliance approach, however, is both complex and challenging. This is because the adoption of information security compliance in organizations involves in (a) putting in place information security measures and mechanisms that can work together effectively, (b) satisfying the legal and security requirements and expectations of individual organizations and their stakeholders, and (c) maintaining both employees' and stakeholders' confidence and trust in the security of organisational information (Steinbart et al., 2012).
Organizations gain legitimacy from all the stakeholders through the development and implementation of specific strategies and policies for information security (Cavusoglu et al., 2015). This is because that there are increasing pressures on organizations from their operations environments that force individual organizations to pursue such legitimacy. Often such pressures determine the ways in which organizations integrate their information security practices and solutions in the process of complying with information security standards and policies (Khansa & Liginlal, 2007). The presence of various laws and regulations on information security, for example, often forces organizations to act in compliance to receive legitimacy from government departments (Edwards et al., 2009).
The adoption of the institutional theory in this study offers a new lens of rigor to examine the dynamics of information security compliance practices in organizations. Such a theory can be used as a theoretical lens to (a) explain whether specific organizational behaviours are consistent with institutional forces (Liang et al., 2007; Delmas & Toffel, 2008) and (b) understand the process of diffusion by the need to conform and imitate to institutional forces by which the actual security structure in organizations is developed (Khansa & Liginlal, 2007; Appari et al., 2009; Cavusoglu et al., 2015). The institutional theory classifies pressures into coercive pressures, normative pressures, and mimetic pressures (Davidsson et al., 2006).
3.1 Coercive Pressures
Coercive pressures force organizations to adopt certain institutionalized rules and practices in managing the organization for information security (Hu et al., 2007). They stem from government laws and regulations. Such pressures force organizations to act in compliance to certain rules and practices for information security in order to receive legitimacy (Edwards et al., 2009). Existing laws and regulations such as the Privacy Act are a source of coercive pressures (Hu et al., 2007; Khansa & Liginlal, 2007). These laws and regulations are made for the protection of organisational information to satisfy the requirements of various stakeholders for information security in organizations. To gain legitimacy, organizations have to adopt various information security practices to provide the foundation for building a robust response to regulatory requirements. They have to incorporate specific legal requirements in their information security practices for meeting the legal obligations for information security (Khansa & Liginlal, 2007). As a result, significant changes in organizations such as the standardization of operational processes and practices have to be made to show the conformity with such laws and regulations for gaining legitimacy from their stakeholders with respect to information security in organizations.
Existing laws and regulations influence the commitment of organizational management towards information security compliance (Hu et al., 2006; Liang et al., 2007). Such an impact is often reflected by the change of the attitudes and behaviours of management towards information security in organizations. Usually, management is responsible for ensuring that their organizations comply with applicable laws and regulations for information security. Failures to do so can result in stringent legal actions against them and the organization. As a result, a periodic review of their current security practices is often conducted for ensuring the organizational compliance with information security laws and regulations (Hu et al., 2007). The discussion above leads to the following hypothesis.
H1: Laws and regulations have a positive impact on information security compliance in organizations.
H2: Laws and regulations have a positive impact on management commitment towards information security compliance in organization.
3.2 Normative Pressures
Normative pressures come from the community expectation that organizations are compelled to honour as responsible citizens in a specific circumstance (Appari et al., 2009). A decision to adopt new practices is often influenced by how organizational stakeholders take actions with respect to the new practices (Cavusoglu et al., 2015). Such pressures are raised from the values and norms that are embedded in the organization for information security (Appari et al., 2009).
Organizations are likely to adjust their behaviours based on their beliefs about what is viewed as appropriate among members of their social networks and consequently adopt techniques and methods that reflect the current standards of those networks (Scott, 2013). This implies that organizations are subjected to specific pressures exerted by the expectations of their stakeholders in a specific time (Kam et al., 2013). The privacy, trust, and quality of services, for example, are social desirable needs in today's dynamic environment that must be adequately addressed in organizations. These social desirable needs put organizations and their management in the spot light, making them conscious of the need to maintain the trust of stakeholders and preserve their reputation as a responsible public entity in protecting stockholders' information (Zhang et al., 2005).
There is abundant literature supporting the use of normative pressures for enhancing information security compliance (Appari et al., 2009). Delmas and Toffel (2008), for instance, show that the expectation of stakeholders plays a major role in shaping the information security compliance practice in organizations. Alfawaz et al. (2008) demonstrate that different community pressures have an impact on information security compliance in public organizations in developing countries. Kam et al. (2013) find that stakeholders' expectations of information security generate specific pressures in organizations to strengthen their information security practices. Based on the above discussion, this study argues that normative pressures are exerted mainly through social pressures that influence information security compliance in organizations and strengthen management commitments towards information security compliance. This leads the following hypothesis.
H3: Social pressures have a positive impact on information security compliance.
H4: Social pressures have a positive impact on management commitment towards information security compliance.
3.3 Mimetic Pressures
Mimetic pressures refer to the acquiescence by imitating peers to gain organizational legitimacy (DiMaggio & Powell, 1983). Such pressures are present when an organization adopts the same actions, structure, and behaviours of similar organizations within their environments for gaining legitimacy (DiMaggio & Powell, 1983). Mimetic pressures cause organizations to imitate success actions and practices taken by others, such as competitors and business partners along the supply chain within their industry. These successes serve as the basis of the desirable imitation, especially when organizations face similar needs and hoping for similar success.
The perceived benefits of information security practices in terms of minimizing risks and threats, increasing stakeholders' confidence and trust, and improving employees' performance, and minimizing the negative impacts on organizations are the foundation for organizations to mimic each other (Steinbart et al., 2012). When organizations publicize their perceived benefits, they create pressures on other organizations to take actions with respect to their information security practices. That leads organizations to mimic each other. The perceived benefits may exhibit individual personality characteristics to imitate their successful peers to behave in a similar manner. Organizations with effective information security practices influence employees' behaviours to conform to industry norms. The discussion above leads the following hypothesis.
H5: Information security benefits have a positive impact on information security compliance in organizations.
H6: Information security benefits have a positive impact on management commitment towards information security compliance.
3.4 Management Commitment
Management commitment is a reflection of the efforts of senior management to promote information security compliance in organizations (Kajava et al., 2007; Karunasena & Deng, 2013). It is related to the decisions, investments and actions taken for enforcing information security standards and policies across the organization. Commitment from top management is significant for information security compliance in organizations, since their decisions usually drive the operational practices across the organisation. Failing to understand information security as a core competency in organizations could have a direct implications for business survivability (Kajava et al., 2007; Gupta, 2008). Senior management should provide visible support and real commitment towards information security compliance in their organizations.
Management commitment is an internalised organizational pressure that affects the behaviours of employees in complying with information security standards and policies. The visible participation, ongoing communication and championing of senior management stimulate employees' intentions towards information security compliance and encourage the adherence to information security standards and policies (Knapp et al., 2006; Kolkowska & Dhillon, 2012). Management commitment has a persuasive effect on employees' information security compliance. The development and enforcement of organizational security standards and policies would not be taken seriously without the support and involvement of top management in organizations (Knapp et al., 2006). This leads to the following hypothesis.
H7: Management commitment has a positive impact on information security compliance in organizations.
The discussion above suggests that institutional pressures have a significant impact on information security compliance in organizations. This leads to the development of a conceptual model shown as in Figure 1. Such a conceptual model hypotheses that institutional pressures have a positive impact on information security compliance in organisations. It further assumes that institutional pressures affect senior management commitments towards information security compliance. Figure 1 shows the conceptual model with the identified constructs and their associated attributes.
4 Research Methodology
This study aims to evaluate the impact of institutional pressures on information security compliance in organizations for better understanding the relationships between institutional pressures and information security compliance. To fulfil this objective, structural equation modelling is used for testing the relationships proposed in the conceptual model in Figure 1. Such a technique is required in this research for testing the relationships between measured variables and unobserved constructs and for estimating the relationships between unobserved constructs (Duan et al, 2012).
A web-based survey is used for data collection from public organisations in Oman. The questionnaire is tested for content and construct validity with experts in the field of information security and academics in information systems. A seven point Likert scale is used to obtaining respondents' assessments of a range of information security compliance items, with "7" denoting 'highly important' and "1" representing 'not important at all'. Overall, 326 responses are received, 32 responses with missing data and aberrant responses are excluded, yielding a total of 294 completed questionnaires for the analysis.
Overall 294 responses are ready for the structural equation modelling analysis. The demographic statistics of these responses is analysed across the participants' age group, educational level, employment type, and organization size based on the total number of employees. Figure 2 presents the age profile of the respondents. 47% of respondents are within the range of 30 years and under, and 45% in the range of 31-40 years old. A minority (8%) of the respondents represent the age range of more than 41 years old.
The respondents' level of education is also examined. As presented in Figure 3, 12% of the respondents have high school education. 22% of the respondents have diploma or advanced diploma, 13% of the respondents have master degree, and 2% of the respondents have doctoral degree. A majority (51%) of the respondents have bachelor degree.
The employment profile of the respondents is examined. A majority of the respondents that is at 28% comes from the ICT sector. The remaining 72% work in the education (18%), travel and tourism (5%), agriculture (6%), healthcare (12%), trading (15%), and finance sectors (16%). Figure 4 presents the employment profile of the respondents.
Figure 5 presents the organizational profile based on total number of employees at the time of this research. 1% of respondents are from organizations with less than 50 employees, 3% in the range of 51 to 100 employees, 11% are in the range of 101 to 250 employees. There are 24% of the respondents who come from organizations with 251 to 500 employees, and 21% are in the range of 501 to 1000 employees. A majority (40%) of the respondents represent organizations within the range of more than 1001 employees.
The analysis above shows that the respondents are from different age groups, employment profiles, and organizational profiles with a variety of educational background. This shows that the sample of the data collected is representative of the population. As a result, the research findings form this study is robust and generalizable to some degrees.
5 Data Analysis and Research Findings
This study uses structural equation modeling for testing the relationships proposed in the conceptual model as in Figure 1. The use of structural equation modeling is appropriate for this study due to its potential for extending the theory development and its capability of simultaneously assessing the multiple and interrelated dependence relationships. This study uses a two-step approach to structural equation modeling, namely a measurement model and a structural model. The measurement model involves in conducting a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) for assessing the contribution of each indicator variable and for measuring the adequacy of the measurement model. The structure model contains the path coefficients that indicate the strength and the sign of the paths between variables (Hair, 2010).
5.1 A Measurement Model
To validate the measurement model, individual constructs are assessed based on (a) the reliability, (b) the discriminant validity, and (c) the adequacy of the model fitness. To test the reliability of the constructs, Cronbach's alpha is used. Table 1 shows that all the constructs have values of alpha exceeding 0.7. This proves that there is high construct reliability.
Reliability and validity measurements.
|Factor Loading
|Item Source
|Existence of regulations
|Mikko, et al (2010)
|Kam, et al. (2013)
|Governance of Law
|Severity of violation
|Security Benefits
|Perceived Benefits
|Kenneth and Knapp (2006)
|Herath and Rao (2009)
|Social Pressures
|Citizen's trust
|Mikko, et al (2010)
|Security commitment
|Social responsibility
|Kam, et al. (2013)
|Mang. Commit
|Goals alignment
|Kenneth and Knapp (2006)
|Management support
|Management participation
|Hayes et al. (1998)
|Appropriateness of security
|Chan et al (2005)
|Perceived improvement
|Conformity with the expectations
The convergent validity for a single factor is confirmed by examining both the average variance extracted (AVE) and the factor loadings of the indicator associated with each construct. The results indicate that the five factors have the AVE values exceeding the threshold value of 0.5. With the presence of these results, the validity of the constructs used in the model is supported (Hair, 2010).
Discriminant validity is assessed by comparing the square root of the AVE for each construct against the inter-construct correlation estimates. Table 2 shows the acceptable discriminant validity between each pair of constructs, with all AVE square roots greater than the correlation between the constructs. For example, the security benefits construct shows the highest discriminant validity among all other constructs. The square root of AVE for the security benefits is 0.76 while the correlations between the security benefits and other constructs are ranged from 0.42 to 0.64. This shows that the security benefits construct satisfies the discriminant validity (Hair, 2010).
The model constructs correlation.
|Sec. Benefits
|Social Pressure
|Manag. Com.
|Social Pressure
|Mang. Com.
The goodness-of-fit (GOF) measure is used to assess each single-factor model for their validity with various fitness indices, such as normed chi-square (χ2 /d.f.), normed fit index (NFI), non-normed fit index (NNFI), comparative fit index (CFI), goodness of fit index (GFI), standardized root mean square residual (SRMR), and root mean-square error of approximation (RMSEA). Table 3 presents the final GOF results for both the individual single-factor model and the full measurement model within the acceptable range.
The GOF Results.
|x/df <2
|Sec. Benefits
|Social Pressure
|Mang. Commit
|Full Model
5.2 A Structural Model
The significance of the structure model is tested using the paths coefficient and the explanatory power for each dependent variable (R2) (Byrne, 2013). The hypothesized model contains five constructs as shown in Figure 6. The hypothesized model with the path coefficient and the explanatory power (R2) for each dependent construct is displayed in Figure 6. All coefficients on hypothesized paths except for the path coefficient from social pressures to management commitment are found to significantly differ from zero (p< 0.05 or p<0.01), as shown by the dotted lines.
The results of the model indicate a strong support for H1, H2, H3, H4, H6 and H7 with path coefficient values ranged from 0.42 to 0.74 respectively (p <0.05 or p <0.01). The results reject H5 implying that social pressures have an insignificant effect on management commitment for information security in organizations. In addition, in terms of the explanatory power, the model accounts for 76% of the variance in coercive pressures, 60% of the variance in normative pressures, 67% of the variance in mimetic pressures, and 70% of the variance in management commitment. With this result, the study can conclude that all hypotheses except H5 are supported.
This study confirms the significance of institutional pressures on information security compliance in organizations. These pressures cause organizations to put in extra efforts to maintain effective information security compliance in order to gain legitimacy from all the stakeholders. The study has also confirmed the significance of coercive pressures and mimetic pressures for influencing management commitment towards information security compliance. It confirms the assumption that the higher impact of coercive pressures exerted by regulatory agencies and the mimetic pressures that are exerted through the influences of security benefits among partners, the greater the commitment of senior management is towards information security compliance. On the other hand, the insignificant effect of social pressures on management commitment towards information security compliance suggests that management commitment towards information security compliance is not dependent on the presence of social pressures in the external environment.
The study contributes to the information security research by extending the current understanding of information security compliance in terms of the values of institutional pressures to foster information security compliance in organizations. In practice, this study sheds lights on how institutional pressures affect the information security compliance process in organizations. Such findings offer individual organizations with valuable suggestions on how organizations can improve their information security compliance. They inform management and security practitioners to adequately consider institutional pressures within their organizational environments for effective information security compliance in organizations.
6 Conclusion
This study proposes and validates a hypothesized conceptual model in evaluating the impact of institutional pressures on information security compliance in organizations. It shows that there is a strong support for six hypotheses and no support for one of the seven hypothesized relationships in the proposed conceptual model. Specifically, this study demonstrates that institutional pressures have a positive impact on information security compliance in organizations. It clearly indicates that law and regulation and security benefits have a direct effect on management commitments towards information security compliance in organizations. Such findings underscore the importance of having institutional pressures for effective information security compliance.
There are several limitations in this study which can be addressed in future. First, some tangible measures of information security compliance could be considered. Second, the research findings remain limited, since these findings have been validated in a single country. As a result, replicating this study in other countries with different organizational and cultural settings would be a fruitful direction to assess and gauge the generalizability of the research findings in this study. Third, further studies should consider incorporating technological and psychological factors for enforcing information security compliance in organizations.
This work is supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant #71473182).
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Pahnila, S., Siponen, M., & Mahmood, A. (2007). Employees' Behavior towards IS Security Policy Compliance, Proceedings of the 40th Annual Hawaii International Conference on Systems Science.
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Reddy, D. S., & Rao, S. V. (2016). Cybersecurity skills: The moderating role in the relationship between cybersecurity awareness and compliance. In AMCIS 2016: Surfing the IT Innovation Wave - 22nd American Conference on Information Systems Association for Information Systems.
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Shaw, R. M. (2012). The influence of organizational culture on employee attitudes towards information security policy. Dissertations & Theses - Gradworks, 10(5), 67-78.
Siponen, M., Pahnila, S., & Mahmood, A. (2007). Employees' Adherence to Information Security Policies: An Empirical Study, New Approaches for Security, Privacy and Trust in Complex Environments, Springer, pp. 133-144.
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Vance, A., Siponen, M., & Pahnila, S. (2012). Motivating IS Security Compliance: Insights from Habit and Protection Motivation Theory, Information & Management, 49(3), 190-198.
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Innovative and extremely user-friendly, which I like! We tested this product on our little Joseph and it really works… I'm convinced!
No more children saying "mum, the seat is stuck to my bum, are we nearly there, it's annoying and itchy". It's an excellent product I would definitely recommend.
I was soon convinced. My son's hair stayed dry, just like his T-shirt and this is very exceptional, and he also fell asleep right away.
A newly born baby perspires easily and I think this system is very handy.
We tested it and are convinced!
It's true! We tested the AeroMoov inlay one afternoon during a long walk in the radiant sun. The apple of our eye fell asleep and was completely dry when he woke up…
My little Dino was very comfortable and dry during our summer holiday.
I'm so convinced that the baby is more comfortable this way and that transport by car has become a lot more pleasant.
Thanks to AeroMoov my little Lucien no longer has moist hair or a wet back.

subset: commoncrawl


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google.com, pub-2484077384749308, DIRECT, f08c47fec0942fa0
We were grilling some T-Bone steaks for Sunday dinner and I realized that after making several recipes using fresh herbs, I had some in the crisper drawer that needed to be used up. This was a great opportunity for me to share with you how to make chimichurri sauce! If you have never heard of this awesome fresh/raw sauce that hails from Argentina, then you are in for a real treat. This is kind of like a relish that you use on grilled meats like our steak, but it has lots of other uses as well!
Chimichurri is well known in south America but mostly in Argentina and Uruguay. This is a recipe that comes from the Basque region of Europe. While the Basque's are known to be "Europe's Indians", they are known to be a nomadic people who are skilled in sheep herding and other agrarian skills. They are known to live in many places throughout Europe as well as south, central and North America where they immigrated in the early 1900's.
Heat olive oil in a heavy bottomed skillet over medium high heat.
Place all ingredients into the food processor and blend until smooth and creamy.
Serve over grill meat such as steak, chicken, pork or shrimp.
Toss fresh vegetables and roast.
Toss quartered potatoes with sauce and roast until crispy.
Hi! I'm Noreen, wife, mother of two amazing, almost grown, daughters, content creator, cook, baker and sister in Christ. Welcome to my Kitchen! I hope you stick around, enjoy the recipes and share them with those you love!
Let's Be Social!
Noreen's Kitchen
Chimichurri Sauce
3 cloves garlic minced
2 tablespoons shallot minced
Juice and zest of one lemon
¼ cup white or red wine vinegar
½ cup extra virgin olive oil
Salt and pepper to taste
½ cup fresh parsley
½ cup fresh cilantro
½ cup fresh basil
½ cup fresh dill
½ cup fresh oregano
1 teaspoon red pepper flakes
Meet Noreen!
As for this sauce. Yes, simmering meatballs is one way to enjoy it. But think of all the possibilities! You can use The research I did for this dish revealed that the etemology of the word "chimichurri" loosely translated means: "A mixture of several things in no particular order." I kind of love that. Rick said "so its like a dump sauce" and it really is.
The best part of chimichurri is that the recipe can be adjusted, not only in volume but to suit the ingredients you have on hand. You can make this with nothing more than parsley, garlic, onion, vinegar and oil. Simple! You can mix up your herbs and add more or take away from. I had these on hand, but next time maybe it will just be parsley and mint or cilantro and basil or whatever I have on hand. No need to go searching for specialty items. Remember the Basques would have used what they had available to them. They were a nomadic people and used what they had within reach. One day it may have been field greens and the next wild sorrel or tarragon.
You also can switch up the citrus and use orange instead of lemon or even lime If you don't have a cupboard full of exotic vinegar, use what you have! Apple cider vinegar will work fine, a splash of balsamic or in a pinch just plain distilled white. Don't worry about this being perfect because no matter what you mix up it will be perfect for you and what you are able to create!
I hope you give this chimichurri sauce a try and I hope you love it!
Happy Eating!
1 Cup good quality mayonnaise
1 tablespoon granulated sugar
2 tablespoons apple cider vinegar
1/2 teaspoon celery seed
1/2 teaspoon onion powder
1/2 teaspoon garlic powder
1/2 teaspoon salt
1/2 teaspoon cracked black pepper
The Basque culture is rich as is their food heritage. Chimichurri is one of those iconic dishes. A fresh, raw sauce that is draped over grilled meats such as steak, chicken, pork or fish. In restaurants you may see this sauce served with skirt steak. The sauce can be used as a marinade, or a way to season roasted potatoes or other vegetables as well as a lovely way to dress greens for a salad.
I have used approximates for my sauce. The beauty here is that the measurements can be adjusted to fit your need. In total, what I prepared equaled about one cup but you can make more if you like. I started out by tearing off approximately 1/2 cup of loosely packed flat leaf parsley, cilantro, basil, dill, and oregano. I added three or four cloves of minced garlic as well as a couple tablespoons of minced shallot. The juice and zest of one lemon along with about 1/4 cup of white wine vinegar and 1/2 a cup of extra virgin olive oil Salt and pepper to taste and everything gets blended in the food processor. You can also do this old style, in a pestle and mortar.
This sauce is very green tasting. It has a delicious tang from both the citrus juice and zest as well as the sharpness of the vinegar. The oil brings everything together and binds the whole thing into a rich and lovely sauce. It really cannot be compared to anything and it really does stand on it's own as a unique and delicious condiment like no other.


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Welcome and thank you for considering our venue as a location for your wedding day.
Our Grade ll listed Manor House features its original Georgian façade and is situated within eight acres of stunning grounds. Sitting alongside our two beautiful converted Barns, Field Place Manor House & Barns provides the perfect backdrop for your big day.
Award winning Field Place Manor House situated in Worthing, West Sussex is approved for both Civil Marriages and Partnerships. There is a choice of ceremony locations: within the main house is our delightful Chichester Room which can accommodate up to 95 guests, overlooking the picturesque grounds of Field Place Manor House & Barns, whilst our Pavilion Barn or stunning open-air bandstand and gardens can both accommodate up to 150 guests. From September 2020, The Sussex Barn will be available for ceremonies for up to 200 guests, with space for a marquee on our lawn.Wedding Receptions, can be easily arranged in one of our two fully converted barns with capacity up to 122 guests for a sit down meal, and up to 200 guests for the evening celebrations. Fully licensed and boasting magnificent high beamed ceilings, they provide a truly magical way to enjoy your special occasion.
There is plenty of parking available for guests.
All your catering needs
Our sole caterers are Hardings Catering, who began a very successful partnership with us at the beginning of 2017. Hardings provide all the food and beverage facility here; creating fantastic food and providing exceptional service to ensure you have the best possible experience on your wedding day. They have a wide selection of menus, can cater for all walk of life and offer plenty of ideas to help you make your wedding unique to you.
Hardings are a family run catering business based in Sussex who specialise in weddings,private and corporate events. For 18 years, the entire team at Hardings has worked tirelessly to establish a reputation as one of the South Coast's premier caterers. Their clients trust them to provide a top quality service, with excellent food, service and event management.
Hardings provide everything you need for your big day
- Full menu consultation with one of their dedicated team
- All white table linen
- All white crockery and cutlery
- All Glassware
- Complete set up and clear down
- Fully trained and uniformed service staff
- Dedicated event/catering manager
The Wedding Gardens and Bandstand
Our beautiful new Wedding Gardens opened in the Spring of 2018 and have been blossoming ever since. You will arrive down a long aisle through soft arches of Wisteria, with ground covered Lavender to greet your loved one in our new Bandstand.This stunning new open-air space designed by Juliet Sargeant, Gold Medal Award Winner at the Chelsea Flower Show, allows ceremonies for up to 150 guests and with our new lime wash Chiavari chairs nothing could be more perfect.


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Special Needs Parenting- 5 Ways You Are Making It Harder
This isn't what I signed up for. I'm tired. I'm anxious. I'm overwhelmed. Parenthood was supposed to be joyful. I was supposed to be happy. I was going to spend my days cuddling and reading books and my nights resting … Continue reading →


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The "COOLER Games"
Join us Aug 27–31 for the South Island CrossFit "COOLER GAMES". This is a week for our athletes & members to celebrate what they can do, discover their fitness level, and cheer each other to do things we didn't know we could accomplish. This promises to be a great week at our little gym.
So what are the cooler Games?
It is a week of BINGO and Crossfit. As we have identified benchmark workouts and performances over the last couple months, we have compiled them into a BINGO board to give you a test so you can see how your fitness level has improved and how it stacks up to others in our gym. Once the games are over, we will post the top five scores for each performance in the hallway as you walk into the gym.
How will the classes work?
As a SIC member you are used to coming into the gym, going through the warm-up, and then having your coach guide you through your skill & metcon. This week you will come to the gym, warm up, and you will look at the BINGO board and you will have to choose which performances to work on during your class hour. Your goals for the week are YOUR goals, however, you should know there are opportunities for prizes.
- If you get a BINGO (five performances in a row: up, down, diagonal), your name will be put into a hat for a drawing. At the end of the week we'll draw three names for those prizes which include: gift cards to Pickle's Deli, Nuun tablets, Jump ropes. ($15 value)
- If you get a BLACKOUT by the end of the week (Completing every performance), your name will be put into a hat for a different drawing—a prize basket. At the end of the week we'll draw two names for two different baskets. Basket #1 includes: Pickle's Deli gift card, Jump Rope, Wrist Wraps, and Nuun tablets ($60 value). Basket #2 includes: Pickle's Deli gift card, Jump rope, Nuun Tablets ($35 value)
How do you Qualify for a Prize
- You must be a SIC member.
- You must attempt the workout to check it off.
- You must record your scores into Wodify. (I can' stress this one enough)
- Remember the prizes are not based on how you rank against other members, but whether you tried and entered your score.
What does the BINGO BOARD LOOK LIKE?
We have two boards this week. Below this text you can see the images that show what performances you can choose from. Please note that one of the images is for our adaptive athletes. Remember, everything we do can be scaled to your level and adapted to your injuries or health status.
THe Bingo BOARD LOOKS LIKE "GREEK TO ME"
In each BINGO box there are three lines of text.
- The first line is your classic Bingo number that lines up with each column. The columns represent categories: B = Weight Lifting, I = Max Reps, N = Cardio, G = Girls, O = Hundreds. The middle STAR is your free space. But nothing in CrossFit is free. You have to earn that one too.
- The second line is the name of the performance.
- The third line is the performance ID.
When you come to class and sign in, you will have the opportunity to enter the performances each day that you want to do. In WODIFY you can do this after you sign in. Under your name there is a link to "Add Performance." The screen will pop up asking you to choose a category. You'll want to choose the "METCON" category. Then type in the performance ID on the third line, and the performance will come up. Then when you finish your performance, enter your score.
To Summarize
This is a friendly, fun week that is meant to celebrate what you are able to accomplish. I hope you enjoy challenging yourself and discovering your level of fitness. In a couple months, we'll try this again. We'll randomize the board based on the previous months and test your fitness level again. The idea for this week is for you to record your scores and measurements so you can see how you improve. You can also update your Body Measurements in Wodify so you can see how CrossFit is improving your life.
So have a blast this week. Everyone should walk out of the gym encouraged and with a sense of satisfaction about what was accomplished in the box. I'm looking forward to seeing how you all do.


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The Paper Magician
The Paper Magician Trilogy - Book #1
by Charlie N. Holmberg
Holmberg does a fantastic job creating a familiar-but-magical world where magicians Fold paper and Smelt bullets, where origami puppies and skeletal butlers come to life. A travel through the heart -- literally and figuratively! -- leads a fledgling Magician to find herself, and save the mans he loves.


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Feb 17th, 2017
Interracial , Lingerie , Anal , Blowjob , Brunette , Cumshot , Fetish , Spanking
Bring to you by PornHD. So many sex styles are showed in this scene, eg: Interracial, Lingerie, Anal, Blowjob, Brunette, Cumshot, Fetish, Spanking. Pornstars Kelly Divine, rico-strong. Sweet Kelly has to blow this wannabe anal intruder blindfolded first, but once her self-lubrication kicks in there's no holding her back!. All porn videos are updated daily, do not miss! on PORNQD.com


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A Tribute to Silvestrov
£12.56 £9.41
save £3.14 (25%)
special offer ending 13/04/2020
Usually available for despatch within 2-3 working days
Despatch Information
This despatch estimate is based on information from both our own stock and the UK supplier's stock.
If ordering multiple items, we will aim to send everything together so the longest despatch estimate will apply to the complete order.
If you would rather receive certain items more quickly, please place them on a separate order.
If any unexpected delays occur, we will keep you informed of progress via email and not allow other items on the order to be held up.
If you would prefer to receive everything together regardless of any delay, please let us know via email.
Pre-orders will be despatched as close as possible to the release date.
Label: Nimbus - Alliance
Cat No: NI6317
Format: CD
Number of Discs: 1
Genre: Instrumental
Release Date: 2nd October 2015
WorksAndante con tenerezza, Wq65/32
Etudes (12), op.10
Klavierstuck in A major, D604: Andante
Davidsbundlertanze, op.6
Dialogues (2) with an Epilogue
Melody (1967)
Melody (2001)
Waltzes (2)
ArtistsVladimir Feltsman (piano)
WorksAndante con tenerezza, Wq65/32
Etudes (12), op.10
Klavierstuck in A major, D604: Andante
Davidsbundlertanze, op.6
Dialogues (2) with an Epilogue
Melody (1967)
Melody (2001)
Waltzes (2)
ArtistsVladimir Feltsman (piano)
"The composers featured in this recording all share something in common - an ability to recreate moments of beauty, moments of perfection that could be realised as such only after they are lost... And all share a lyrical, poetic gift of subtle understatement, gift o f expressing through the language of music the most universal and intimate human emotions and feelings that are common to all and 'unique' in every individual experience. That universality and uniqueness follows the Law - all in one and one in all.
This music does not belong to anybody, it has no beginning or end, no before or after - it simply is. It is one language, one vocabulary that is spoken. This recording was conceived as one composition that unfolds in itself continuously. One could look at this as a tea party, which brought together several composers that lived during the last four centuries... These composers are talking to each other, sharing their stories and very soon it becomes apparent that this story is one and same, simply told in different ways... This music was rather remembered and overheard then composed. It comes from silence and resolves into it." - Vladimir Feltsman
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SWR METER & COUNTER & POWER. Experience Multi-Band excitement with the Wouxun KG-UV9D!This multi-modulation two way radio combines dual band transmission, 7 band reception and multiple feature options for multi-functional operation you won't get with a typical dual band handheld radio! The KG-UV9D transmits on 4 watts UHF and 5 watts VHF with multiple power settings. It features an impressive 999 programmable memory channels with QT/DQT encoding and decoding, DTMF encode/decode and 25KHz/12.5KHz wide/narrow bandwidth selection.
Frequency Range (suitable for different countries or areas). Dual Bands Duplex, Separate Work.
RX on the same/different bands of A&B areas at the same time. TX on one area while RX on the other area simultaneously. All Calls, Group Calls and Selective Calls.
Remote Control: Stun, Kill, Monitor and Inspection. Multi Scan Modes: Programmable Scanned Frequency Range (only available in Frequency Mode), Channel Groups Scan (only available in Channel Mode). Multi Functions Programmable for Side Keys, Programmable Transmission Function on Sub-Frequency (Side Key Function Programmable).
Priority Scan, Priority Channel Setting. UHF: H 4W, M 2W, L 1W. VHF: H 5W, M 2W, L 1W. Suitable for Different Countries or Areas. TX:136-174MHz(FM)&400-512MHz(FM).136-180 MHz(FM), 230-250 MHz(FM). 350-400 MHz(FM), 400-512 MHz(FM). TX:136-174 MHz(FM)&400-512 MHz(FM).
RX:136-174 MHz(FM), 400-512 MHz(FM). UHF H:4W, M:2W, L:1W. VHF H:5W, M:2W, L:1W. Packing List (All original factory pack). 1 x Portable Radio Body.
2 x Antenna (one long, one short). 1 x Li-ion battery pack. 1 x User's manual.
If you are not satisfied. If item defective in 3 month, you just send it back and we will send you a new one for free. If item defective after 3 month, you can still send it back to us. We will send you a new one after receiving the defective item.We guarantee to solve your problems in a way you'll be satisfied! We are Regular Network Vendors. We have the Authorization of the Baofeng, TYT, Nanfone, QYT, Surecom and Recent Factory. All items in the store are original and brand new products, we provide superior sales service. Welcome to shop in my store, If you have any problem. The item "WouXun KG-UV9D Two Way Radio Digital Colorly 7-Air Band 136-174/400-480MHz Radio" is in sale since Thursday, December 22, 2016. This item is in the category "Consumer Electronics\Radio Communication\Walkie Talkies, Two-Way Radios". The seller is "m_ji401" and is located in . This item can be shipped worldwide.


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Washington (October 1, 2018) – Ninety percent of Americans say that chocolate and candy make holidays like Halloween more fun, according to a recent National Confectioners Association survey. The survey also shows that more than 80 percent of parents monitor candy consumption or offer guidelines for their children in the days and weeks after Halloween. With parents in mind, NCA has launched a brand-new digital resource to give them the tools they need to help reinforce the unique role that chocolate and candy can play at Halloween in particular. For consumers seeking to manage their sugar intake as they enjoy their favorite treats, AlwaysATreat.com/HalloweenCentral is loaded with resources focused on balance and mindful treating.
"Halloween is a fall tradition that brings together families, neighbors and communities across the country, with chocolate and candy as a fun and special part of Halloween celebrations," John Downs, president and CEO of the National Confectioners Association, said. "We're proud to represent companies that create the unique, nostalgic treats that people enjoy at Halloween and throughout the year, and we take seriously our commitment to helping consumers manage their sugar intake."
Halloween Central is the one-stop digital hub dedicated to providing consumers with important information and support during the Halloween season. Though there are resources for everyone, there is a special focus on helping parents navigate this fall tradition. NCA's survey shows that nearly 90 percent of parents will use the Halloween season as an opportunity to talk to their children about the unique role that chocolate and candy can play in a happy, balanced lifestyle.
"We are proud of the proactive steps the confectionery industry has taken to ensure that consumers feel supported and empowered as they treat during this special candy moment and throughout the year," said Downs. "Halloween – and the enjoyment of seasonal treats – is a time-honored celebration, and the resources available through Halloween Central can help to facilitate important intergenerational conversations around this fun tradition."
More than 90 percent of Americans agree that it is okay to enjoy Halloween candy as part of a balanced lifestyle, according to NCA's survey. To help people keep this balance in mind seasonally and throughout the year, America's leading chocolate and candy companies are working alongside the Partnership for a Healthier America to provide consumers with more information, options and support as they enjoy their favorite treats.
For more information about chocolate and candy during the Halloween season, including safety tips and fun facts about Halloween, please visit www.AlwaysATreat.com/HalloweenCentral.
Carly Schildhaus
The National Confectioners Association is the trade organization that advances, protects and promotes chocolate, candy, gum and mints, and the companies that make these special treats. As the leading association for the U.S. confectionery industry, NCA helps ensure the public understands and appreciates the unique role that chocolate and candy can play in a happy, balanced lifestyle. Confections are produced in all 50 states, creating jobs for approximately 54,000 workers in more than 1,300 manufacturing facilities across the country. For every job created in confectionery manufacturing, another ten are supported in related industries. In total, more than 607,000 American jobs are supported by the U.S. confectionery industry. America's leading chocolate and candy companies support the Always A Treat Initiative, a commitment to transparency, portion guidance and choice, and consumer education. Learn more at CandyUSA.com, or follow NCA on Facebook, Twitter and Instagram.


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As a travel destination, Goa hits all the right notes. And when you take a trip from Mumbai to Goa by road, the journey is no less exciting than the destination. This road trip unravels a wealth of panoramic sights and scenes. You can expect a whole lot of adventure and fun during the journey, even before you check in at one of the hotels in Goa for a thrilling beach holiday.
If a road trip from Mumbai to Goa is on your bucket list, this blog is for you. It traces the different routes you can follow, along with the main attractions lining each route. Read on and plan your trip.
Popular Routes from Mumbai to Goa
When you take a trip from Mumbai to Goa by road, you can choose one of the two scenic routes – one passing through NH 4 and the other through NH 66. And both these routes offer travelers stunning vistas and enticing stopovers. If you are in the mood to capture some incredible shots on the road, you are sure to find several Instagram-worthy views during this trip. The best thing about this road trip is that it's less than a 12-hour drive from Mumbai, making it perfect for a weekend escapade on the road. Let's explore each of these two routes in detail:
Route 1: Mumbai to Goa via NH 4
Mumbai to Goa via NH 4 takes you on a smooth route marked by wide roads fit for fast driving. It's a straight four-lane road all along, dotted with excellent stopovers. While driving along this route, you can explore a number of attractions, including forts, lakes, and temples, and even a wildlife sanctuary. This is the ideal route to follow if you are out on a family trip. However, be prepared to encounter quite a few toll booths along the way. The roads on this route are pretty smooth, making it ideal for people with motion sickness.
Route: Starting from Mumbai, you will travel to Pune via the Mumbai-Pune Expressway. Then you will follow NH 4 to make your way through Satara, Kolhapur, and Belgaum, before you finally reach Goa.
- Distance: 590 km (approx.)
- Travel Time: 10 hours 30 minutes (approx.) without any detours
Popular Stopovers
- Pune: Among the notable tourist places to visit in Pune are the Shivneri Fort, Aga Khan Palace, Sinhagad, Shaniwar Wada Palace, and Pataleshwar Cave Temple. If you are traveling with kids, make sure to visit the Rajiv Gandhi Zoological Park.
- Satara: The main attraction of Satara is the Kaas Plateau or the valley of flowers that boasts of 850 species of flowering plants. The Natraj Mandir, Juna Rajwada, and Nava Rajwada are among the other attractions you can visit while passing through this city.
- Kolhapur: The quaint city of Kolhapur is famous for a number of tourist attractions, including the ancient Mahalakshmi Temple, the spellbinding Rankala Lake, and the historic Panhala Fort. A visit to Chatrapati Shahu Museum will let you get a glimpse of several artifacts belonging to the bygone eras.
- Belgaum: A lovely town, Belgaum boasts of a plethora of attractions that are worth exploring. Prime among those are the Belgaum Fort, Gokak Falls, and Kittur Fort and Palace. If you are a nature lover, you should not miss out on visiting the Bhimgad Wildlife Sanctuary.
Suggested Stops for Breakfast and Lunch
For your breakfast, you can stop in Pune. There are several restaurants in Pune that serve lip-smacking breakfast delicacies. Vaishali at FC Road is a vegetarian restaurant where you can enjoy a South Indian fare and a hot cup of filter coffee. Satara is a nice place to stop for lunch. The town has a number of eateries that serve yummy food at great prices. You can also eat at Kolhapur, which boasts of a few fine dhabas. If you decide to go for a night halt during your Mumbai to Goa road trip, check in at one of the hotels in Belgaum.
Route 2: Mumbai to Goa via NH 66
The winding route of NH 66 from Mumbai to Goa offers you a thrilling ride, with the majestic Western Ghats serving as the backdrop. Adding to the whole experience are the narrow, steep roads at high altitude that are barricade-less on the sides in most places. A popular route for thrill seekers, it is ideal for those who are expert at manoeuvring vehicles through such terrains and treacherous corners. You can find a number of spots to explore while journeying from Mumbai to Goa by car or bike through this route, including historic sites, heritage structures, and even religious destinations. Try avoiding this route if you are prone to motion sickness.
Route: Commencing from Mumbai, this route will take you through Panvel, Pen, Kolad, Khed, Chiplun, Pali, and Sawantwadi, before you finally reach Goa.
- Distance: 577 km (approx.)
- Travel Time: 12 hours (approx.) without any detours
Popular Stopovers
- Ganpatipule: The Ganpatipule Beach may not be as famous as the beaches in Goa, but it is a beauty in itself with several water sports facilities. The Swayambhu Ganpati Temple here is a big draw for the tourists and pilgrims alike.
- Karnala Bird Sanctuary and Karnala Fort: A popular destination in Panvel for bird lovers, the Karnala Bird Sanctuary is home to more than 222 species of birds. The Karnala Fort also lies within the boundary of the sanctuary and is worth a visit.
- Pen: The place is famous for making huge Ganesha idols. Spending some time here will allow you to get a closer look at how skilled artisans make these gigantic idols.
- Kolad: A haven for adventure enthusiasts, Kolad is where you can enjoy white water rafting at its best. The Bhira Dam is one of the popular places where you can catch up on all the action of white-water rafting.
- Tamhini Ghat Waterfalls: Falling against the backdrop of lush greenery, this waterfall presents a magnificent sight. You can also visit the Kansai Waterfalls, which is situated not far from Tamhini Ghat.
- Dapoli: The coastal hamlet of Dapoli near Khed is dotted with many attractions in and around it, including the Harnai Port, Panhalakaji Caves, and the temple of Kadyavarcha Ganapati. Do not miss out on visiting the Unhavare hot springs, which are also in the vicinity of Dapoli.
- Murud: If you take a detour to Murud, which is a small coastal village, you can go for a dolphin-spotting trip. A trip to the Kasa Fort is a must when you visit this place.
- Chiplun: Standing on the banks of River Vashishti, Chiplun is rich in several natural wonders like the Guhagar beach and the Sawatsada waterfalls. Among the man-made marvels defining this place are the Lord Parashurama Temple, Koyna Dam, and the Pandavaas Caves, which are believed to have been built by the famous Pandava brothers of the Mahabharata.
- Sawantwadi: The tranquil setting of Sawantwadi is a pleasant change from the chaos of city life. Adding to its beauty is the Sawantwadi Palace that takes you back in time. The huge Moti Talao situated near the palace is another majestic attraction to explore here.
Suggested Stops for Breakfast and Lunch
Kolad is a good place to pamper your taste buds with a satisfying breakfast. The place has many eateries where you can get fresh breakfast items to pep you up with energy. Shreekar – The Dhaba is a popular place to enjoy a decent breakfast. Chiplun is a popular stopover for lunch for traveler taking the NH66 route. You can get a taste of the local cuisine here and replenish yourself before proceeding on your journey.
Essential Stopovers
During your drive from Mumbai to Goa, you will find many small villages and towns with ATM facilities and petrol pumps. Kolad, Mangaon, and Indapur are a few such names. Make sure to refuel your car or bike adequately during the trip to keep going without any hitches.
To sum it all up, if you prefer driving through a safe and smooth route, opt for Route 1. But if you want to feel the rush of adrenaline along with matchless scenic beauty, you should choose Route 2. Whichever route you take, drive safely and responsibly and have a great road trip.
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{What I read in December}
{The City Baker's Guide to Country Living by Louise Miller} Ahh, this book was the equivalent to a cup of hot chocolate and a piece of pie, in book form. I don't usually reach for books on the lighter, fluffier end of the spectrum--for whatever reason I lean towards more dark and serious books--but this was wonderful. Pastry Chef Olivia Rawlings leaves her job at a posh Boston hotel after literally setting the place on fire. She escapes to a small Vermont town and reluctantly takes a job at an inn, whose owner is on a mission to re-establish her blue ribbon status in a pie contest. The cover description sounded a bit cheesy, but it wasn't at all. The characters were well written and complex, and I ended up caring so deeply for just about all of them. What a fantastic book. My rating: 4/5 stars.
{Between the World and Me by Ta-Nehisi Coates} I'm taking a sharp turn after City Baker's Guide--Between the World and Me is a far more serious, important book that I can't call heartwarming. However, Coates' letter to his teenaged son also sucked me in, and opened my eyes to things I wouldn't have otherwise known about growing up as a white woman. He offers a look into what it's like to be black in America, and he talks specifically about the exploitation of black bodies, both in history and in everyday life today. I love that Coates chose to write this as a letter to his son, because it gave intimacy to a topic that can otherwise feel distant to me as someone whose experience has been very different. I can relate to a parent-child bond, and that thread woven throughout made Coates' words feel even more powerful and important. I agree so many people who have said this should be required reading for all Americans. My rating: 4/5 stars.
{Dumplin' by Julie Murphy} This is one that's been on my TBR for a long time, and I'm so glad I finally got to it in December, especially since both the sequel and the Netflix movie are now out (I hope to get to both soon!). It's the story of Willowdean Dixon, nicknamed Dumplin' by her former beauty queen mom. Willowdean has always felt comfortable in her skin, but when she starts getting attention from a certain boy she works with, insecurity starts to creep in. She tries to fight those feelings, and decides to enter the same pageant her mom won, and now runs, to prove to herself as much as anything that beauty doesn't have to fit a certain mold. Willowdean was such a well-written character, and this story went beyond what I had initially predicted about a beauty pageant and what happens when someone challenges society's standards of beauty. Yes, there was that, but so much more: friendship, mother-daughter relationships, coming of age, and grief and loss. And Dolly Parton! This was so good. My rating: 4/5 stars.
{The Bear and the Nightingale (Winternight Trilogy #1) by Kathreine Arden} Alexandra recommended this book, and at first I didn't think it would be for me. However, when I saw it as a Kindle deal last month I grabbed it because it sounded like a good one to snuggle up with on a cold day. I'm glad I ventured outside my usual genres; I was pleasantly surprised by how much I enjoyed this one and struggled to put it down. It has fantasy and fairytale elements, neither of which I'm typically drawn to, but the story is compelling and well told. And yes, perfect for winter. I hope to read the second book in the series sometime in the next few months. My rating: 3.5/5 stars.
{Glimpses of Grace: Daily Thoughts and Reflections by Madeleine L'Engle} I started this book last year because I wanted to read something that would work well to read a little bit every day. I was familiar with Madeleine L'Engle because of A Wrinkle in Time, and also because she was one of my grandmother's favorite writers. I heard good things about her essays, and wanted to pick this book up, which shares an excerpt of her writing for every day of the year. I didn't love the days that shared pieces from her fiction books, but I did love her own reflections. I'd love to read more of her nonfiction work. My rating: 3/5 stars.
{True Places by Sonja Yoerg} This was my Kindle First Reads pick for December, about a woman who has a chance encounter with a young girl who has spent her entire life living in the woods. She is in need of medical attention, so she takes her to the hospital and ends up taking her into her home to live with her husband and two teenage children. Things don't go smoothly. This one reminded me of a mix between Kristin Hannah's Magic Hour and Liane Moriarty, but unfortunately her writing didn't grip me the way those authors typically do. The premise really drew me in, but I thought it was just okay. My rating: 3/5 stars.
{Heroes of the Frontier by Dave Eggers} I came across this book on my Book Lover's daily calendar last year and since it was available on audio I listened to it. I think that may have been a mistake, because I had a hard time getting into it. I thought of abandoning it a couple of times, but then I'd listen to a beautifully-worded passage and reconsider. I'm learning that I need a more plot-driven story, or a memoir, for audio I think. The story is about a woman who leaves her dental practice after being sued, and travels to Alaska with her two children. I thought it would read more like an adventure, instead it felt very contemplative. I think I would have enjoyed the physical book more, but I'm still not sure it would be for me. My rating: 3/5 stars.
{Lies by T.M. Logan} Joe Lynch is a teacher, a father, and a devoted husband, but one day his whole life changes when he sees his wife's car in a hotel parking garage. Curious, he follows her in and sees her having an argument with her best friend's husband. That moment is the turning point in his life, and from that day forward Joe learns that nothing in his life is the way it seems. I also listened to this on audio, and it felt long. It was definitely plot-driven, but I feel like it was a slow drive. My rating: 3/5 stars.
Disclosure: this post contains affiliate links. Books purchased through the links above help support this blog and an independent bookstore.
Linking with Show Us Your Books.


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Gewiss GW70404 Grey 32A 2 Pole IP65 Black Rotary Switch
Birco Electrical aim to deliver your order within 3-5 working days. If we are unable to deliver your order within 3 working days we will contact you by email or telephone to advise a delivery date. If your order is urgent or you have a time constraint then please contact us prior to ordering to avoid disappointment. We can be contacted by email 24/7 on email@example.com or Mon-Fri 9am-5pm 0121 783 2726.
Consumers - We are happy to accept any returns within 7 days from order received. The products must be returned in a resaleable condition with no damage to the product or box. Full details of the returns policy can be found here: Birco Electrical Terms of Business.
Business Customers - Please note we are unable to accept any returns from business customers. Full details of the returns policy can be found here: Birco Electrical Terms of Business.
If you are unsure of any product or policy offered by Birco Electrical then please feel free to email us on firstname.lastname@example.com or tel 0121 783 2726.
Birco Electrical can be contacted 24 hour a day, 7 days a week by email firstname.lastname@example.com. We can be contacted Monday to Friday 9am-5pm by telephone on 0121 783 2726. We have an answerphone service available out of hours. Our head office is based in Birmingham and can be visited by appointment only.
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BULLDOG London Dry Gin
BULLDOG London Dry Gin
The iconic and multi-award winning BULLDOG Gin is a modern London Dry Gin created to challenge the established conventions of the category with the new generation of gin consumer directly in mind.
Using 100% British wheat to create a smooth, eminently mixable gin with multiple layers of flavor. Its 12 botanicals include the unique White Poppy from Turkey, along with Dragon Eye and Lotus Leaf from China; adding a layer of distinction to its refreshing citrus notes.
Created with 250 years of distilling experience and inspired by a bold, modern vision; BULLDOG Gin is re-defining perceptions of what a gin can be.


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The tournament has grown substantially over the years.
In order to continue making the day as enjoyable as possible and, to be able to communicate properly, the MON Foundation needs to improve it's information management.
And, having an account will also make your registrations easier in the future since you won't need to re-enter information


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Tree Fertilization in San Diego, CA
Trees are not all that far removed from anything else that happens to be growing in your yard or garden, although many people don't consider it in this way. Trees require just as much care as any of your other plants, to attain the best, and maximum, results. This includes a range o typical plant care, including fertilization. Fertilization is necessary to attaining truly healthy and stunning looking trees, which is a great way to enhance the look of your yard. We provide all the San Diego tree services that you might require, including tree fertilization in San Diego, so you can get the best-looking trees.
Tree Fertilization in San Diego
Trees don't just simply grow in your yard alone, they need a range of care just like any other plant in your yard. Without the right range of care, your trees won't grow in a healthy fashion. The right mix of nutrients is important for anything in your garden to grow, which includes your trees. Fertilization is important for trees, although many people don't even consider it. Fertilizing your tree is a great way to give it a natural boost and ensure that your trees are healthy and well maintained. We offer tree fertilization part of our range of tree care services.
Naturally, Control for Pests and Disease
Fertilizing your tree can be a great way to help it naturally fight back against a range of diseases and pests that might otherwise try to infect your tree. This is beneficial for a range of amazing reasons. Firstly, it could well end up saving you money. Diseased limbs are often weakened and can fall easier in severe weather, which could well cause damage to your property. Along with this, disease free trees will require less maintenance overall too. These are just some of the great benefits you can attain when you get us to fertilize your tree.
Professional Know-How
Tree care isn't as straightforward process as it might seem, there is some professional knowledge and know-how that you need to have. This is especially true when it comes to fertilizing your tree. You need to have a range of knowledge to attain the maximum results. Without the right understanding, fertilizing can be a difficult job. This isn't something that you need to worry about though, because we've got all the right professionals know-how to have you covered.
The Right Look with Tree Fertilization
Without the proper care, it's highly unlikely your tree will grow as you intended. This could well mean your yard doesn't have that stunning, natural feel that you want. Fertilizing your trees is part of ensuring that they remain healthy and grow the way in which you want. This can-do real wonders for the look of your home and help to give your home and yard a seamlessly blended indoor and outdoor. Give your yard the look and feel you want by ensuring that your trees receive all the proper maintenance and care they need, including tree fertilization in San Diego. It's the best way to get the best result.
Check out our other service San Diego Tree Care.


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The wrong hiring decision can be immensely expensive for an organization. In order to run a successful business, a robust recruitment policy is vital. We offer assistance in recruiting staff through profiling, psychometric testing, interviewing and structuring a solid professional interview which grades interviewees using a set criteria and performance indicators. This process is meant to not only evaluate the candidate but also evaluate how the candidate will fit into the organization.
Using specific position and type information, Nightingale will help you to build the profile of the employee you are interested in recruiting.
Whenever a vacancy presents within your organisation Nightingale's first priority is to cast the net wide by contacting the recruitment agencies who are specifically focused on the industry your organisation sits within. Your organisation should also have a pipeline of candidates in a database which comes from business relationships built up over a period of time. This is a cost effective way of recruiting without the assistance of the recruitment agency.
Nightingale can assist you in building good working relationships with recruitment agencies and can offer a regular point of contact. This avoids wasting time and resources and increases the chances of filling posts with the best available talent.
We aim to ensure that every client feels safe in the knowledge that they have found a professional organisation that understands the challenges and concerns they face when they decide to seek assistance. When you contact Nightingale we will respond immediately to all enquiries and can guarantee an appointment within 48 hours. Contact us on 0141 353 9373, Email us or complete our online Enquiry Form.
"As a long established business we had a large restructure within the company last year, with a key member of staff moving on. We very quickly identified that we needed specialist help and after much research and several recommendations, engaged the services of Nightingale Consulting. As this was the first time we had used the services of a consultant, we were very quickly reassured and very impressed, by the professional, friendly manner in which Florence extracted the necessary information from us to identify the correct candidate, many of these attributes we were not even aware we required ourselves. She subsequently found and interviewed, alongside myself, each prospective candidate until we found the right one, who has proven to be a huge asset to our company and a central part of our success. We thought our staff member who moved on was irreplaceable but soon found a new candidate who "ticked all the right boxes" and so much more. Good job, very well done!"
Our Counselling Fees:
Individual Sessions £60
Couple Sessions £70
We accept card payments.
Nightingale Counselling Consultancy
5 La Belle Place
Tel: 0141 353 9373
Mob: 07946 434 045
Email us


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