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|e-Government online forms: design guidelines for older adults in Europe
|Arthur G. Money; Lorna Lines; Senaka Fernando; Anthony D. Elliman
|This paper reports on the findings of Delivering Inclusive Access to
Disabled and Elderly Members of the community (DIADEM), a 3-year project,
funded by the European Commission's Sixth Framework Programme, to assist older
adults when accessing, completing, and submitting online forms, by developing
web-based assistive technologies that adapt the online form according to users'
needs. A user-centred approach is adopted to gain insights into the challenges
faced by 80 older adults in three European countries as they interact with a
representative sample of public service-based online forms. A thematic analysis
is then carried out on the data, which revealed five over-arching themes that
relate to the challenges faced by users: assistance, trust, layout, the
technology paradigm, and language. From these themes, 23 online form design
guidelines are derived, which provide valuable guidance for the development of
the DIADEM application and for e-Government online form design for an ageing
population in general.
Keywords: Accessibility; Assistive technology; Older adults; e-Government; Online forms
|Speech-based navigation and error correction: a comprehensive comparison of two solutions
|| BIBAK | Full-Text
|Jinjuan Feng; Shaojian Zhu; Ruimin Hu; Andrew Sears
|Speech-based navigation and error correction can serve as a useful
alternative for individuals with disabilities that hinder the use of a keyboard
and mouse, but existing solutions available in commercial software are still
error-prone and time-consuming. This paper discusses two studies conducted with
the goal of improving speech-based navigation and error correction techniques.
The first study was designed to improve understanding of an innovative
speech-based navigation technique: anchor-based navigation. The second study
was longitudinal, spanning seven trials, and was intended to provide insights
regarding the efficacy of both traditional target/direction-based navigation
and anchor-based navigation. Building on earlier studies that employed similar
methodologies and interaction solutions, this paper also provides an informal
evaluation of a new correction dialogue. Although the two solutions resulted in
the same level of efficiency, the underlying strategies adopted were different,
and the anchor-based solution allowed participants to generate better quality
text and was perceived to be easier to use. These results suggest that the
anchor-based solution could be a promising alternative, especially for novice
users as they learn how to use speech-based dictation solutions. The findings
of these studies need to be further validated with the involvement of users
with disabilities.
Keywords: Speech-based interaction; Navigation; Error correction; Empirical evaluation; Assistive technology
|Quantitative assessment of mobile web guidelines conformance
|| BIBAK | Full-Text
|Markel Vigo; Amaia Aizpurua; Myriam Arrue; Julio Abascal
|Conformance metrics for the mobile web can play a crucial role as far as
engineering mobile websites are concerned, especially if they are automatically
obtained. In this way, developers can have an idea in numeric terms of how
suitable their developments are for mobile devices. However, there are a
plethora of devices with their own particular features (screen size, formats
support, etc.) that restrict a unified automatic assessment process. This paper
proposes a tool-supported method for device-tailored assessment in terms of
conformance with Mobile Web Best Practices 1.0, including the definition of
five quantitative metrics for automatically measuring mobile web conformance:
Navigability, Page layout, Page definition, User input and Overall score. The
behaviour of these metrics was analysed for different devices and different web
paradigms, both mobile web pages and their equivalent desktop pages. As
expected, the results show that mobile web pages on more capable devices score
higher. In addition, 20 users took part in an experiment aimed at discovering
how conformance-based scores relate to usability dimensions. The results
demonstrate that automatic scoring approaches strongly correlate with usability
scores obtained by direct observation, such as task completion time and user
satisfaction. This correlation is even stronger for the device-tailored
assessment than the one that assumes a general profile for all devices. For
instance, results show a strong negative correlation between Overall score and
task completion time: ρ (9)=-0.81, (p<0.05) for the generalist approach
and ρ (9)=-0.88 for the device-tailored one, entailing that mobile web
guidelines and the metrics based on their conformance capture usability
aspects. This result challenges the widely accepted belief that conformance to
guidelines does not imply more usable web pages, at least for web accessibility
Keywords: Mobile web; Usability; Metrics; Device-tailored evaluations
|Development of a system usability assessment procedure using oculo-motors for input operation
|| BIBA | Full-Text
|Minoru Nakayama; Makoto Katsukura
|This paper investigates the relationship between oculo-motors, such as eye-movement and pupillary change, and the conventional subjective "usability" index, using time-domain and frequency-domain approaches, with the objective to determine the possibility of evaluating interaction through oculo-motors. An evaluation experiment was conducted by operating a target on a computer display using mouse, keyboard and key pad as input devices. The results show that there is a significant correlation between pupil size and SU-score, which is an established subjective evaluation index for system usability. Cross spectrum densities (CSD) between horizontal and vertical eye-movements and coherence as standardized CSD also significantly correlate with the results of the SU-scores and error rates. To determine the frequency range of CSD and coherence for usability assessment, frequency components used as factors were extracted using factor analysis. According to the correlation coefficients between these and the performance of factor scores for predicting the conventional metrics, factor scores of CSD are better indices for assessing usability than factor scores of coherence. These two results suggest that pupil size and index of eye-movement as oculo-motor indices based on time-domain and frequency-domain approaches can provide information about a system's overall usability regarding the input operation task.
|BlinkWrite: efficient text entry using eye blinks
|| BIBAK | Full-Text
|I. Scott MacKenzie; Behrooz Ashtiani
|In this paper, a new text entry system is proposed, implemented, and
evaluated. BlinkWrite provides a communication gateway for cognitively able
motor-impaired individuals who cannot use a traditional eye-tracking system. In
contrast to most hands-free systems, BlinkWrite allows text to be entered and
corrected using a single input modality: blinks. The system was implemented
using a scanning ambiguous keyboard, a new form of scanning keyboard that
allows English text to be entered in less than two scanning intervals per
character. In a user study, 12 participants entered text using the system with
three settings for scanning interval: 1,000, 850, and 700ms. An average text
entry rate of 4.8wpm was observed with accuracy>97%. The highest average
text entry rate was achieved with the scanning interval of 850ms.
Keywords: Blink typing; Hands free text-entry; Eye typing; Scanning ambiguous keyboard; Assistive technologies
|Game accessibility: a survey
|| BIBAK | Full-Text
|Bei Yuan; Eelke Folmer; Frederick C. Harris
|Over the last three decades, video games have evolved from a pastime into a
force of change that is transforming the way people perceive, learn about, and
interact with the world around them. In addition to entertainment, games are
increasingly used for other purposes such as education or health. Despite this
increased interest, a significant number of people encounter barriers when
playing games due to a disability. Accessibility problems may include the
following: (1) not being able to receive feedback; (2) not being able to
determine in-game responses; (3) not being able to provide input using
conventional input devices. This paper surveys the current state-of-the-art in
research and practice in the accessibility of video games and points out
relevant areas for future research. A generalized game interaction model shows
how a disability affects ones ability to play games. Estimates are provided on
the total number of people in the United States whose ability to play games is
affected by a disability. A large number of accessible games are surveyed for
different types of impairments, across several game genres, from which a number
of high- and low-level accessibility strategies are distilled for game
developers to inform their design.
Keywords: Game accessibility; Disability; Strategy; Impairment
|The accessibility of university web sites: the case of Turkish universities
|Serhat Kurt
|The Web has become a part of daily life, and yet web accessibility remains
an important issue because of continuing accessibility problems involving many
web users. Universities utilize the Web for many purposes, and therefore,
university Web sites must be accessible for all. This paper presents the
results of an evaluation of the level of accessibility of Turkish university
homepages. A sample of university homepages was reviewed using multiple
techniques based on The World Wide Web Consortium suggestions. The results
indicated that all university homepages show some accessibility problems.
Several recommendations are provided based on the research findings.
Keywords: Accessibility; Post-secondary education; Programming and programming languages; Computer-mediated communication; Multimedia/hypermedia systems
|Pervasive technologies and assistive environments: social impact, financial, government and privacy issues
|| BIB | Full-Text
|Ilias Maglogiannis; Fillia Makedon; Grammati Pantziou; Lynne Baillie
|Behavior monitoring for assistive environments using multiple views
|| BIBAK | Full-Text
|Dimitrios I. Kosmopoulos
|This work presents an approach to behavior understanding using multiple
cameras. This approach is appropriate for monitoring people in an assistive
environment for the purpose of issuing alerts in cases of abnormal behavior.
The output of multiple classifiers is used to model and extract abnormal
behavior from both the target trajectory and the target short-term activity
(i.e., walking, running, abrupt motion, etc.). Spatial information is obtained
after an offline camera registration using homography information. The proposed
approach is verified experimentally in an indoor environment. The experiments
are performed with a single moving target; however, the method can be
generalized to multiple moving targets, which may occlude each other, due to
the use of multiple cameras.
Keywords: Behavior monitoring; Homography; SVM; Hidden Markov model
|Extracting spatiotemporal human activity patterns in assisted living using a home sensor network
|| BIBAK | Full-Text
|Dimitrios Lymberopoulos; Athanasios Bamis; Andreas Savvides
|This paper presents an automated methodology for extracting the
spatiotemporal activity model of a person using a wireless sensor network
deployed inside a home. The sensor network is modeled as a source of
spatiotemporal symbols whose output is triggered by the monitored person's
motion over space and time. Using this stream of symbols, the problem of human
activity modeling is formulated as a spatiotemporal pattern-matching problem on
top of the sequence of symbolic information the sensor network produces, and is
solved using an exhaustive search algorithm. The effectiveness of the proposed
methodology is demonstrated on a real 30-day dataset extracted from an ongoing
deployment of a sensor network inside a home monitoring an elder. The developed
algorithm examines the person's data over these 30 days and automatically
extracts the person's daily pattern.
Keywords: Human activity model; Spatiotemporal activity patterns; Sensor networks
|Analyzing motoric and physiological data in describing upper extremity movement in the aged
|| BIBAK | Full-Text
|Gaurav N. Pradhan; Navzer Engineer; Mihai Nadin; B. Prabhakaran
|Cognitive functions, motoric expression, and changes in physiology are often
studied separately, with little attention to the relationships or correlations
among them. The study presented in this paper implements an integrated approach
by combining motion capture (action) and EMG (physiological) parameters as
synchronized data streams resulting from the action and associated
physiological data. The reported experiments were designed to measure the
preparatory movement capabilities of the upper extremities. In particular,
measurement of changes in preparatory activity during the aging process is of
interest in this context, as the attempt is to develop means to compensate for
loss of adaptive capabilities that aging entails. To achieve this goal, it is
necessary to quantify preparation phases (timing and intensity). Motion capture
and EMG parameters were measured when subjects raised their arms without
constraint (condition one) and raised their arms while holding a ball (second
condition). Furthermore, on comparing aging and young participants, it was
confirmed that with aging the temporal relationships between actual movement
and the preceding EMG signal change.
Keywords: Aging; Analysis of variance; Factor analysis; Electromyogram; Motion capture
|Accessible interactive television using the MPEG-21 standard
|| BIBAK | Full-Text
|Evangelos Vlachogiannis; Damianos Gavalas; George E. Tsekouras; Christos N. Anagnostopoulos
|In this paper, the accessibility of interactive television (iTV) is
discussed as a primary factor for its satisfactory adoption and commercial
success. The work presented here is undertaken in the context of a research
project that focuses on delivering iTV services to disabled children. This
objective is accomplished through the utilization of the arising MPEG-21
standard. Based on that standard, iTV accessibility is investigated in terms of
metadata and content adaptation. The novelty of the contribution lies on a
systematic methodology that deals with a wide range of accessibility problems,
as opposed to previous studies that focus mostly on users with only one
specific disability.
Keywords: Accessible interactive TV; MPEG-21; Content adaptation approach; Metadata; Pervasive environments; Collaborative filtering
|Design and evaluation of haptic effects for use in a computer desktop for the physically disabled
|Brian Holbert; Manfred Huber
|The human-computer interface remains a mostly visual environment with little
or no haptic interaction. While haptics is finding inroads in specialized areas
such as surgery, gaming, and robotics, there has been little work to bring
haptics to the computer desktop, which is largely dominated today by the
GUI/mouse relationship. The mouse as an input device, however, poses many
challenges for users with physical disabilities, and it is believed that a
haptically enhanced interface could have significant impact assisting in target
selection. This paper presents a study intended to evaluate haptic effects used
with a force feedback mouse on a computer desktop and a prediction algorithm
designed to focus those effects on the desired target. Results of the
experiment were partially successful and indicated future directions for
improvement. The paper introduces the proposed framework and presents
experimental results from targeting tasks using differing haptic effects with a
group of physically disabled users.
Keywords: Haptic interface; Haptic mouse; Targeting; Target prediction
|A cognitive framework for robot guides in art collections
|| BIBAK | Full-Text
|Dimitrios Vogiatzis; Vangelis Karkaletsis
|A basic goal in human-robot interaction is to establish such a communication
mode between the two parties that the humans perceive it as effective and
natural; effective in the sense of being responsive to the information needs of
the humans, and natural in the sense of communicating information in modes
familiar to humans. This paper sets the framework for a robot guide to visitors
in art collections and other assistive environments, which incorporates the
principles of effectiveness and naturalness. The human-robot interaction takes
place in natural language in the form of a dialogue session during which the
robot describes exhibits, but also recommends exhibits that might be of
interest to the visitors. It is also possible for the robot to explain its
reasoning to the visitors, with a view to increasing transparency and
consequently trust in the robot's suggestions. Furthermore, the robot leads the
visitors to the location of the desired exhibit. The framework is general
enough to be implemented in different hardware, including portable
computational devices. The framework is based on a cognitive model comprised of
four modules: a reactive, a deliberative, a reflective and an affective one. An
initial implementation of a dialogue system realising this cognitive model is
presented. main ontology.
Keywords: HCI; Dialogue system; Cognitive architecture; Recommender system; Explanations
|Dynamic mix zone: location data sanitizing in assisted environments
|| BIBAK | Full-Text
|Zhengyi Le; Yi Ouyang; Guanling Chen; Fillia Makedon
|Pervasive technology has been widely used in assistive environments and
aware homes. The issue of how to preserve the privacy of patients being
monitored has been attracting more public concerns. In assistive environments,
location data of patients are collected through sensors for behavior patterns
analysis, and they can also be shared among researchers for further research
for early disease diagnosis. However, location information, even though
de-identified, also introduces the risk of privacy leakage. A series of
consecutive location samples can be considered as a trajectory of a single
person, and this may leak private information if obtained by malicious users.
This paper discusses this problem and proposes a location randomization
algorithm to protect users' location privacy. Two privacy metrics according to
location privacy are defined and used to evaluate the proposed approach. A
method using dynamic mix zones is proposed to confound trajectories of two or
more persons.
Keywords: Location privacy; Assisted living; Sensor networks
|A scalable and self-adapting notification framework for healthcare information systems
|| BIBAK | Full-Text
|Anthony E. Okorodudu; Leonidas Fegaras; David Levine
|There has been a great interest in publish/subscribe systems in recent
years. This interest, coupled with the pervasiveness of light-weight electronic
devices, such as cellular phones and personal digital assistants, has opened a
new arena in publish/subscribe networks. Currently, many broker overlay
networks are static and rarely change in structure. Often, a network overlay
structure is predefined or manually modified. This paper presents a dynamic
broker network for disseminating critical lab and patient information in a
Healthcare information system. The reported work builds upon previous network
optimization research on ad hoc publish/subscribe networks. The underlying
framework utilizes user-defined cost functions to satisfy quality of service
constraints. In essence, the broker network optimization problem is reduced to
an incremental search problem to generate low cost network configurations.
Certain reliability issues are also addressed by providing a scheduling
algorithm to selectively retransmit information and handle broker connectivity
Keywords: Publish/subscribe; Broker overlay network; HIPAA; Healthcare information system
|An assistive environment for improving human safety utilizing advanced sound and motion data classification
|| BIBAK | Full-Text
|Charalampos Doukas; Ilias Maglogiannis
|This paper presents the concept and an initial implementation of an
assistive awareness system that may be used for human activity interpretation
and emergency recognition in cases such as elder or patient falls and distress
speech expressions, thus improving their safety. Awareness is achieved through
collecting, analyzing and classifying motion and sound data. The latter are
collected through sensors equipped with accelerometers and microphones that are
attached to the human body and transmit movement and sound data wirelessly to
the monitoring unit. The detection of fall incidents has been proven to be
feasible by applying Short Time Fourier Transform (STFT) and spectrogram
analysis on sounds. The classification of the sound and movement data is
performed using a variety of advanced classification techniques. Evaluation
results provide a performance comparison between the evaluated classifiers and
indicate the high accuracy and the effectiveness of the proposed
implementation. The system architecture is open and can be easily enhanced to
include patient awareness based on additional context (e.g., physiological
Keywords: Patient status awareness; Emergency event detection; Movement and sound analysis; SVM classification
|In memory of Professor Hiroshi Tamura
|| BIB | Full-Text
|Takao Kurokawa
|Innovations in user sensitive design, research and development
|Ray Adams; Alan Newell; Peter Gregor
|User-Sensitive Inclusive Design
|A. F. Newell; P. Gregor; M. Morgan; G. Pullin; C. Macaulay
|Although "User-Centred", "Participatory", and other similar design
approaches have proved to be very valuable for mainstream design, their
principles are more difficult to apply successfully when the user group
contains, or is composed of, older and/or disabled users. In the field of
design for older and disabled people, the "Universal Design", "Inclusive
Design" and "Design for All" movements have encouraged designers to extend
their design briefs to include older and disabled people. The downside of these
approaches is that they can tend to encourage designers to follow a traditional
design path to produce a prototype design, and only then investigate how to
modify their interfaces and systems to cope with older and/or disabled users.
This can lead to an inefficient design process and sometimes an inappropriate
design, which may be "accessible" to people with disabilities, but in practice
unusable. This paper reviews the concept that the authors have called
"User-Sensitive Inclusive Design", which suggests a different approach to
designing for marginalised groups of people. Rather than suggesting that
designers rely on standards and guidelines, it is suggested that designers need
to develop a real empathy with their user groups. A number of ways to achieve
this are recommended, including the use of ethnography and techniques derived
from professional theatre both for requirements gathering and for improving
designers' empathy for marginalised groups of users, such as older and disabled
Keywords: User-Centred Design; Inclusive Design; Universal Design; Older and disabled people
|The effect of previous exposure to technology on acceptance and its importance in usability and accessibility engineering
|Andreas Holzinger; Gig Searle; Michaela Wernbacher
|In Usability and Accessibility Engineering, metric standards are vital.
However, the development of a set of reciprocal metrics -- which can serve as
an extension of, and supplement to, current standards -- becomes indispensable
when the specific needs of end-user groups, such as the elderly and people with
disabilities, are concerned. While ISO 9126 remains critical to the usability
of a product, the needs of the elderly population are forcing the integration
of other factors. Familiarity and recognisability are not relevant to someone
with no experience and therefore no referent; however, acceptance becomes a
major factor in their willingness to learn something new and this acceptance
requires trust based on association. Readability and legibility are of less
relevance to a blind person than to someone with failing eyesight. This paper
describes some usability metrics ascertained on the basis of experiments made
with applications for elderly people throughout the summer term of 2007. The
factors that influence the older users' acceptance of software, including the
extent of their previous exposure to technology, are evaluated in order to
provide short guidelines for software developers on how to design and develop
software for the elderly. The evaluation of the expectations, behavior,
abilities, and limitations of prospective end-users is considered of primary
importance for the development of technology. A total of N = 31 participants
(22 women/9 men) took part in various tests. The participants' ages ranged from
49 to 96 years with an average age of 79. Five of the tests were designed for a
PDA or cellular phone, one test was designed for a laptop PC. Of the total of
55 tests, 52 tests provided sufficient data to evaluate the results. In 23 of
the tests, all tasks were completed. As a main outcome, it can be
experimentally proved that the acceptance is related to a factor, which is this
paper is called PET (Previous Exposure to Technology). This is discussed in
light of the aforementioned metrics.
Keywords: Usability metrics; Acceptability; Previous experience; Previous knowledge; Acceptance; Acceptability; Technology acceptance model
|The barriers that older novices encounter to computer use
|| BIBAK | Full-Text
|Anna Dickinson; Roos Eisma; Peter Gregor
|A course on computers was run for computer beginners aged over 55. An
iterative and flexible approach aimed to ensure that students' anxieties and
difficulties were addressed as the course proceeded. Several layers of
difficulty were encountered, ranging from initial difficulties understanding
Windows systems and the working of the mouse to more fundamental and long-term
problems such as repeatedly forgetting to move the focus before typing or
failing to recognize onscreen objects and understand their behaviours.
Inclusive design approaches should benefit from detailed recording of barriers
to use, but the diversity of the user population will also necessitate
flexibility to ensure inclusivity.
Keywords: Older adults; Barriers; Inclusion
|Dialogue based interfaces for universal access
|| BIBAK | Full-Text
|Christian R. Huyck
|Conversation provides an excellent means of communication for almost all
people. Consequently, a conversational interface is an excellent mechanism for
allowing people to interact with systems. Conversational systems are an active
research area, but a wide range of systems can be developed with current
technology. More sophisticated interfaces can take considerable effort, but
simple interfaces can be developed quite rapidly. This paper provides an
introduction to the current state of the art of conversational systems and
interfaces. It describes a methodology for developing conversational interfaces
and gives an example of an interface for a state benefits website. The paper
discusses how this interface could improve access for a wide range of people
and how further development of this interface would allow a larger range of
people to use the system with enhanced functionality.
Keywords: Dialogue; Universal access; Conversational system; Conversational interface
|User modelling and cognitive user support: towards structured development
|Peter Eberle; Christian Schwarzinger; Christian Stary
|Model-driven engineering approaches have turned out useful when handling
different perspectives on human-computer interaction, such as user profiles and
problem-domain data. Their latest flavour, Model-Driven Architecture (MDA),
targets towards platform-independent models (PIMs) and adjacent transformation
mechanisms to adapt to user needs and tasks. Although in the field of user
modelling and its major application domain, namely adaptive hypermedia systems
(AHS), considerable effort has been spent on adaptation towards user needs, a
structured development approach could not be established so far. User-oriented
application designs are highly distinctive and can hardly be compared or mapped
to novel or existing developments without major re-engineering effort. This
paper develops an understanding of existing capabilities of already applied
user-modelling techniques from a model-based perspective. Revealing the context
of user models and user modelling allows determining general concepts for
representing and processing knowledge for adaptation. The obtained findings
show primarily technically motivated approaches, rather than designs grounded
in findings from human factors. For human-centred design, a shift is suggested
towards distributed cognition as a methodological and operational frame of
reference for user modelling. This could help overcome existing limitations in
adaptation. The corresponding research agenda requires directions on how to map
psychological constructs to user-model elements and adaptable user-interface
elements, such as mapping field dependence to content annotation features, in a
transparent and empirically grounded way.
Keywords: User modelling; Model-driven architecture; Adaptation; Cognitive support; Psychological constructs; Transformation; Adaptive hypermedia systems
|Inclusive design: beyond capabilities towards context of use
|| BIBAK | Full-Text
|Darren Reed; Andrew Monk
|Inclusive design is oriented to a particular outcome, to ensure that
products and services address the needs of the widest possible audience.
Approaches towards achieving this aim include the use of ergonometric data to
predict product exclusion and the participation of extreme users in a design
team. This discussion paper extends these approaches by comparing the inclusive
design process to the design process that has evolved for Interaction Design
within Human Computer Interaction, and in so doing identifies additional issues
and processes. Potential ways practicing designers in an Inclusive Design
context might approach these concepts are suggested. True Inclusive Design must
engage the widest population as actual users not just potential users. This
objective can only be achieved through a move from a view of Inclusive Design
as solely concerned with individual capabilities to a view of Inclusive Design
set in a social context.
Keywords: Inclusive design; Design by society; Design process model
|User sensitive research in e-learning: exploring the role of individual user characteristics
|| BIBAK | Full-Text
|Andrina Granic; Ray Adams
|The increasing need for active and accessible learning in the inclusive
knowledge society drives the demand for e-learning that engages users much more
effectively than ever before. In this context, it is crucial to conduct
research that embraces innovation in user sensitive design, or else influential
individual user differences may be overlooked. The objective of this paper is
to explore the creation of successful e-learning systems that are able to
increase users' learning performance and enhance their personal learning
experiences. The paper reports two converging and complimentary approaches,
namely case studies and experimentation. First, case studies are used to
explore the extent to which effective e-learning systems comply with eight
specific factors. Of the eight, accessibility, individual differences and
student modeling turn out to be the weakest points in current practice. Second,
an empirical study investigates the influences of user individual user
differences on users' learning outcomes in an e-learning environment. The
experiment found that individual differences in motivation to learn and
expectations about e-learning significantly impacted users' learning
achievements. Third, based on these studies, improvements in research
methodology are identified towards greater consideration of user sensitive
research issues, thus enabling us to outline improved experimental procedures.
Further experiment results should provide us with better insights into the
arguments needed to carefully assess benefits of developing and involving a
user model in an e-learning application. Consequently, evaluation and
justification could now encompass both system performance as well as user
Keywords: User sensitive research; User individual characteristics; User modelling; Intelligent user interfaces; e-learning systems
|The design-by-adaptation approach to universal access: learning from videogame technology
|Ifan D. H. Shepherd; Iestyn D. Bleasdale-Shepherd
|This paper proposes an alternative approach to the design of universally
accessible interfaces to that provided by formal design frameworks applied ab
initio to the development of new software. This approach, design-by-adaptation,
involves the transfer of interface technology and/or design principles from one
application domain to another, in situations where the recipient domain is
similar to the host domain in terms of modelled systems, tasks and users. Using
the example of interaction in 3D virtual environments, the paper explores how
principles underlying the design of videogame interfaces may be applied to a
broad family of visualization and analysis software which handles geographical
data (virtual geographic environments, or VGEs). One of the motivations behind
the current study is that VGE technology lags some way behind videogame
technology in the modelling of 3D environments, and has a less-developed track
record in providing the variety of interaction methods needed to undertake
varied tasks in 3D virtual worlds by users with varied levels of experience.
The current analysis extracted a set of interaction principles from videogames
which were used to devise a set of 3D task interfaces that have been
implemented in a prototype VGE for formal evaluation.
Keywords: User interfaces; Transfer; Adaptation; Videogames; Virtual geographical environments; GIS
|A diversity-sensitive evaluation method
|Alexandros Mourouzis; Margherita Antona; Constantine Stephandis
|This paper presents an evaluation method, along with the underlying theory,
for assessing interactive systems and specifying their quality in terms of
universal access. The method is an adaptation of traditional walkthroughs and
is aimed to incorporate user diversity, for example in terms of individual
abilities, skills, background, levels of expertise, equipment used, etc., as
key input to evaluation. The method aims at addressing as many as possible of
the qualities of a system that might affect diverse users throughout their
usage of the system and which, ultimately, have an impact on the system's wide
acceptance. The proposed method, described here, extends the cognitive
walkthrough method by introducing a simulation of the users' reasoned action
process in order to assess whether users can, and will be, in favour of
accessing, exploring, utilising and, ultimately, adopting a system.
Additionally, the method allows considering in the assessment process various
aspects of diversity among target users and use conditions, rather than
assessing for the so-called average user, aiming at incorporating
accessibility, usability and acceptance as intrinsic measurements. Finally, the
paper presents ORIENT, a prototype inspection tool developed as a means to
further facilitate experts in conducting such walkthroughs in practice, and
which offers step-by-step guidance throughout the process until final
reporting. Preliminary experiences with the application of the method in the
domain of e-Services are also discussed.
Keywords: Evaluation; Universal access; System acceptance; Design for all
|Toward web accessibility for older users
|Anna C. Cavender; Jeffrey P. Bigham
|An ethnographical study of the accessibility barriers in the everyday interactions of older people with the web
|| BIBAK | Full-Text
|Sergio Sayago; Josep Blat
|Older people experience many barriers when they access to the web. However,
little is known about which barriers limit more (or less) their daily
interactions. This paper presents some findings based on an ethnographical
study of the everyday interactions of nearly 400 older people with the web over
3 years. Difficulties remembering steps, understanding terms and using the
mouse are more severe than problems perceiving visual information,
understanding icons and using the keyboard. This is largely explained by
inclusion, independence and socialization, which are the three key components
of real-life web use. This paper also shows that these aspects should be
considered in other areas of web and ICT accessibility, as technophobia is not
the only experience in the interactions of older people with the web, and both
social relationships and life experiences beyond technologies need to be taken
into account apart from age-related changes in abilities. These findings
suggest that the current focus on compensating for age-related changes in
functional abilities needs to be widened. Working towards making the web more
accessible should not be divorced from real-life use. This paper discusses
implications for web (and ICT) design, training and support.
Keywords: Ethnography; Web accessibility; Older people
|A survey of technology accessibility problems faced by older users in China
|| BIBAK | Full-Text
|Dengfeng Yao; Yunfeng Qiu; Hairui Huang; Zaixin Du; Jianqing Ma
|Internet accessibility for older users has become an important issue to
promote inclusion and participation in the Information Society. This paper
proposes an investigation into the technology accessibility problems faced by
older users in China. The research reported here was conducted by means of an
exploratory survey with a Web-based questionnaire and discussions with older
users at meetings. The study had 180 valid answers and involved representatives
from each of the 25 provinces of China. The results show that 39% of the
participants cannot or can only partially access information, because of
various kinds of accessibility problems. Many participants indicated that the
main problems in accessing the Internet were health barriers, circumstances
barriers, and Internet design barrier. The possible reason for these
difficulties could be that the government doesn't foster a social environment
conducive to helping the elderly to get online and that it does not provide
services for the elderly designed to help them access information
electronically. The poor rate of accessibility industry for the elderly, as
well as the lack of Chinese accessibility laws, is an important issue that must
be dealt with to promote greater Internet accessibility for the elderly.
Keywords: Accessibility; Survey; Older users; Internet
|Designing accessible experiences for older users: user requirement analysis for a railway ticketing portal
|| BIBAK | Full-Text
|Özge Subasi; Michael Leitner; Norman Hoeller; Arjan Geven; Manfred Tscheligi
|This article presents the results of a survey that shows that older users
differ in their attitude and experience towards the Internet not only according
to their age or to their previous knowledge with Internet services, but also
according to what they are expecting from this media. The aim of this study was
to collect information about barriers on usage and perception of an online
ticketing service for a nationwide public railway company, in order to enhance
the notion of "accessibility" toward a broader understanding including
non-technical accessibility factors as semantic accessibility and/or procedural
accessibility. The results of the survey with 1,208 participants and
additionally focus groups, interviews and qualitative analysis of user feedback
indicate that in order to improve and optimize the usage of the online system
for older adults, it is necessary to develop a system which is not only
universally accessible, but also satisfies the specific expectations of senior
users. This article concentrates on designing accessible user experiences and
presents several recommendations to the area and for WCAG 2.0 according to the
Keywords: Universal accessibility; User experience; Older adults; Experience centeredness; Perceived accessibility
|Web accessibility guideline aggregation for older users and its validation
|| BIBA | Full-Text
|Giorgio Brajnik; Yeliz Yesilada; Simon Harper
|Web site-evaluation methodologies and validation engines take the view that all accessibility guidelines must be met to gain compliance. Problems exist in this regard, as contradictions within the rule set may arise, and the type of impairment or its severity is not isolated. The Barrier Walkthrough (BW) method goes someway to addressing these issues, by enabling barrier types derived from guidelines to be applied to different user categories such as motor or visual impairment, etc. However, the problem remains of combinatorial explosion of possibilities when one has to consider users with multiple disabilities. In this paper, a simple set theory operation is used to create a validation scheme for older users by aggregating barrier types specific to motor impaired and low-vision users, thereby creating a new "older users" category from the results of this set union. To evaluate the feasibility and validity of this aggregation approach, two BW experiments were conducted. The first experiment evaluated the aggregated results by focusing on quality attributes and showed that aggregation generates data whose quality is comparable to the original one. However, this first experiment could not test for validity, as the older users category was not included. To remedy this deficiency, another BW experiment was conducted with expert judges who evaluated a web page in the context of older users. In this second experiment, it was found that there is no significant difference between the aggregated and the manually evaluated (by experts) barrier scores, and that the same barriers are identified using experts and aggregation, even though there are differences in how severity scores are distributed. From these results, it is concluded that the aggregation of barriers is a viable alternative to expert evaluation, when the target of that aggregation could not be evaluated manually or it would not be feasible to do so. It is also argued that aggregation is a technique that can be used in combination with other evaluation methods, like user testing or subjective assessments.
|Validating the effectiveness of EvalAccess when deploying WCAG 2.0 tests
|Amaia Aizpurua; Myriam Arrue; Markel Vigo; Julio Abascal
|While automatic tools are not intended to replace human judgment, they are
crucial in order to develop accessible websites. The release of WCAG 2.0 has
caused great expectation, as it is supposed to be precisely testable with
automated review tools. Therefore, more effective tools could be developed.
However, so far few tools applying WCAG 2.0 have been developed. This paper
presents an evaluation framework which has been updated in order to evaluate
the new tests. In addition, it describes a validation process carried out in
order to verify the effectiveness of the new version of the evaluation tool.
The effectiveness is validated by conducting a quantitative and qualitative
analysis of the results obtained by applying both versions of the tool (the one
implementing WCAG 1.0 and the one implementing WCAG 2.0) to a set of selected
web pages, as well as by manual evaluation of an expert for detecting the
possible false positives and false negatives produced by each tool.
Keywords: Web accessibility guidelines; Tool effectiveness; Automatic evaluation
|Technology skill and age: what will be the same 20 years from now?
|| BIBAK | Full-Text
|Vicki L. Hanson
|Is current research on computing by older adults simply looking at a
short-term problem? Or will the technology problems that plague the current
generation also be problematic for today's tech-savvy younger generations when
they become "old"? This paper considers age-related and experience-related
issues that affect ability to use new technology. Without more consideration of
the skills of older users, it is likely that applications and devices 20 years
from now will have changed such that this "older" generation finds themselves
confronting an array of technologies that they little understand and find
generally inaccessible. Recent evidence suggests that older adults bring
specific strengths to Web browsing. A fuller investigation of these strengths
and how to design to optimize for strengths of older users has the potential to
address the need for usable technology for this increasingly important
Keywords: Aging; Web; Cognition
|Use of force plate instrumentation to assess kinetic variables during touch screen use
|Curtis B. Irwin; Thomas Y. Yen; Robert H. Meyer; Gregg C. Vanderheiden; David P. Kelso; Mary E. Sesto
|Touch screens are becoming ubiquitous technology, allowing for enhanced
speed and convenience of user interfaces. To date, the majority of touch screen
usability studies have focused on timing and accuracy of young, healthy
individuals. This information alone may not be sufficient to improve
accessibility and usability of touch screens. Kinetic data (e.g. force,
impulse, and direction) may provide valuable information regarding human
performance during touch screen use. Since kinetic information cannot be
measured with a touch screen alone, touch screen-force plate instrumentation,
software, and methodology were developed. Individuals with motor control
disabilities (Cerebral Palsy and Multiple Sclerosis), as well as gender- and
age-matched non-disabled participants, completed a pilot reciprocal tapping
task to evaluate the validity of this new instrumentation to quantify touch
characteristics. Results indicate that the instrumentation was able to
successfully evaluate performance and kinetic characteristics. The kinetic
information measured by the new instrumentation provides important insight into
touch characteristics which may lead to improved usability and accessibility of
touch screens.
Keywords: Touch screen; Usability; Force; Impulse


text:
Our Contact Information
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E-Mail TeLLan 0ne: firstname.lastname@example.com
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TeLLan 0ne offers 24-hour emergency support on all of our systems and equipment. If you have an emergency situation please call (916) 565-0665 and dial 6 at the main menu. Your call will be routed to our on-call staff.
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
Around 10 years ago, there were two places your parents or grandparents would go for a holiday, either a wine tour in South Australia or an RV trip around Tasmania, in true 'grey nomad' style.
Fast forward to 2018, and travel to Tasmania is booming. What was once a state that only came alive in summer with the finish of the iconic Sydney to Hobart Yacht Race, now boasts a year-round calendar of broad ranging events, attracting everyone from hipsters, backpackers, foodies and anyone else who feels left out at dinner parties because they haven't been to MONA.
This is the term locals use to explain the explosion of interest in the island state. In fact, the founder of the Museum of Old and New Art (MONA) David Walsh, a long-haired arts patron from the working-class northern suburbs of Hobart, is often referred to as Tasmania's unofficial leader.
MONA is responsible for the summer festival MONA FOMA curated by Violent Femmes guitarist Brian Ritchie. Using his industry contacts, a state that once struggled to lure any big-name acts can now boast the likes of The Flaming Lips, Gotye, Phillip Glass and Nick Cave among past line-ups. Subscribe to the site so, you don't miss tickets.
While once Tasmanians hibernated during the bitterly cold and long winter another brainchild of Walsh, Dark MOFO has lured them out of their homes alongside thousands of interstate and international visitors celebrating the Southern Hemisphere's winter solstice with musical acts, art installations, food, artisan beers and spirits. The festival wraps up with a nude swim, where shrinkage is guaranteed as the temperature struggles to get into double figures in the early morning.
And Walsh hasn't stopped there, stay tuned for his hotel and casino, HoMo.
If you want to escape the crowds, but still love getting amongst the vibe, get yourself to Golconda in the state's remote northeast. For two nights and three days in March, the 50-acre private property opens its gates for the Panama Festival. Don't be fooled by the location, you won't find a bush band banging a Mendoza on the main stage. This year's line-up included Sampa the Great, a spoken word poet, songwriter, producer and rapper from Zambia.
Nearby, but later in the year, the North East Rivers Festival kicks off, an event that started with a single river race 40 years ago. If you don't mind getting wet and covered in flour bombs, enter a homemade raft or boat in the Derby River Derby and tackle the rapids of the Ringarooma River. The festival is now so popular it's expanded from that race to two full weekends of action.
And if you are traveling to Golconda from Hobart make sure you stop at Elephant Pass and enjoy a stack of pancakes overlooking the Tasman Sea.
Tasmanians are fiercely loyal, so it's often a surprise to visitors that people in the north are not huge fans of the south and vice versa. Whether you are from Hobart or Launceston, the state's two biggest cities, each argue the best thing about the respective cities is the view in the rear vision mirror as you drive away.
The rivalry even extends to which beer you drink. Take a tour of James Boags Brewery in Launceston but don't mention the 'c' word. Cascade is the beer brewed in the south of the state. While both breweries are rich in history an ol' bloke at pub in Hobart would never order a beer brewed in Launceston. You be the judge.
If beer is not your thing, visit Willie Smith's Apple Shed in the Huon, south of Hobart, for a cider. It ticks all the boxes, it's organic, served in a rustic barn with Sunday sessions and quality produce. The nearby museum tells the story behind the orchard industry's comeback in the region, helping the state reclaim the title of the 'Apple Isle'.
Further south in the Huon, the tiny town of Geeveston is where you'll find the best sushi in the state at Masaaki's Sushi. But you need to be quick, chef Masaaki Koyoma only opens on weekends, is sold out by mid-afternoon and closes early Sunday to go surfing.
While in Geeveston, you can explore the Hartz Mountains, Huon and Picton Rivers, Hastings Caves and relax in the thermal springs.
When you get back to Huonville, return to Hobart via Cygnet. It's popular among people desiring an alternative lifestyle and is full of art studios and galleries. It's also where renowned former Sydney Morning Herald restaurant critic Mathew Evans first lived when he moved to Tasmania. His story is documented in the TV series Gourmet Farmer which has been credited with luring people to Tassie from around the world looking for a 'food change'. This area of Tasmania has attracted a lot of TV and film interest with the acclaimed Kettering Incident shot here as well as the comedy show Rosehaven.
Fun fact: the pub at Kettering used to serve your first beer free. I think subsequent owners cottoned on that it didn't make good business sense.
In Hobart, the State Cinema is the place to go. It screens arthouse and foreign movies alongside blockbusters. Find out what is being screened in cinema five or eight and you will enjoy an intimate experience with just a few leather couches surrounded by sandstone walls. Make sure you grab a glass of Tassie red. The cinema is at the top of the restaurant strip in North Hobart.
The art-deco Star Theatre in Launceston is another independent cinema screening fewer mainstream films. Like the State Cinema, it has a bar and café with relaxed seating options.
Jody MacDonald from NatGeo Creative gives us her best tips on how to make your work stand out.
A video guide to getting started and improving your photography craft.
Oh! I wish I had seen this before heading to Tasmania earlier this month :) I totally loved the place, particularly Cradle Mountain. But, gee I would love to have seen that movie house!


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Gracie Nicole
Exquisite Blue and Dichroic Striped Fused Glass Earrings
Regular price $40.00
This gorgeous pair of earrings is another great example of the lovely surprises that await you when you open your kiln! The pair of earrings is made with royal blue glass topped with a textural, striped dichroic glass. A hand-shaped hammered fine silver swirl is fused between the layers of glass creating both beauty and function. These earrings are one-of-a kind!
The earrings measure approximate .5 inches wide by 1.25 inches long from the top of the ear wire. Ear wires are sterling silver-filled.


text:
SolarEdge (see the September 26, 2012 LRSJ) recently launched its "HD-Wave" technology for inverters, which is based on a new inverter topology. The company claims this technology enables a...
Contact us to learn the benefits of becoming a Lux member.
Or call us now
For North America (Boston Headquarters)
+1 (617) 502-5300
For EMEA (Amsterdam)
+31 20 280 7900
For APAC (Singapore)
+65 6592-6978


text:
Have a family member that's a Pokemon fan and not sure what to buy them for the holiday season? Well today I'm going to talk about different Pokemon idea's that you can consider when trying to buy someone a gift this holiday season.
We all heard about the release of X and Y series on the Nintendo 3Ds if you have a family member who owns a Nintendo 3Ds if they haven't already most likely they want the game this comes as either Pokemon X or Pokemon Y each has different Pokemon but they can trade with friends so don't worry too much about buying the wrong one unless they already own one of them. If they don't own a Nintendo 3Ds then you might have to buy the system with the games for them but they will be happy since this is a very good game.
If you have a family member that likes the Pokemon card game and they also like X and Y you have Pokémon TCG: Sylveon Collection since Sylveon is one of the favorite new fairy Pokemon the promotional cards which come in this package are actually very nice. If they are interested in the trading card game but you aren't sure which type of booster packs to buy the newest boosters for the Pokemon card game are Legendary Treasures. These do not include Pokemon from X and Y series but buying Legendary Treasures booster packs would allow them to play the current card game. You could also wait until the next release of boosters but these happens next year you can however pick up the Pokémon TCG: XY—Kalos Starter Set which you can buy now. The Pokémon TCG: XY expansion won't be out until next year so you won't be able to buy Pokemon booster packs of these till next year.
You can also go with the collectable tins which come with promo Pokemon cards some booster packs and sometimes also include a Pokemon figures. If they play the trading card game online
Another hot item which is pretty popular is the Pokemon plush dolls. These are sold at Target and some of the stores but they come in varies so one store might not have the same plushes which you find at another store. You might want to know which Pokemon is your family members favorite while your shopping so you don't buy one that they don't really like. A good way to find out is ask them about the game and which starting Pokemon they choose or take them to the store and see if they name any specific Pokemon that they seem to really want. But if you want it to be a surpise don't let them know that they will be getting anything. Usually making it seem like your coming to the store for boring shopping usually is a good way of hiding the fact that you plan on buying them anything.
Some of the Pokemon action figures are very popular the older ones had no moving parts and where kind of boring for most kids but the newer ones have action parts like charizard shoots fireballs. These can be a choking hazard for younger children so just beware of the age of the child when you go to buy some of these figures they would be better off with a plush toy if they are very young.
You could also buy them the Pokemon movie Genesect and the Legend Awakened this will be released December 3, 2013 for home video so if you didn't go to the movie in the movie threaters to watch it.


text:
the txdot click it or ticket radio jingle (2010)
Everyone driving on Texas roads must obey a new law went into effect requiring all passengers in a vehicle to buckle up.
This jingle surfaced in April and currently plays across Texan radio airwaves:
<[ Push the French onion green play button! ]>
Texas Department of Transportation
Violation Citation
Violation Citation
Put your seatbelt on. Strap yourself in.
Buckle up tight when you go for a spin.
No matter where you drive. If it's near or far,
Buckle up all the riders in your car.
'Cause it's the law and if you're in violation,
An officer will be right there to give you a citation.
Yes, they're stepping up enforcement,
Sending out more police,
'Cause Texas wants you in one piece.
Put your seatbelt on. Strap yourself in.
Buckle up tight when you go for a spin.
(A new state laws says everyone in a vehicle has to buckle up. That means passengers in the front and back seats can be fined for not wearing a seatbelt. Seatbelts save lives, and they can also save you from an expensive ticket. Click it or ticket. It's your choice. You pick.)
When you go for a spin.
(Brought to you by the Texas Department of Transportation)
For those of you who lack Flash support on your browser (or just want your own copy) can click the MP3 icon to download it to your computer.
The Texas Click It or Ticket campaign's home page is located at this link. More jingles and other campaign materials can be found at the Click It or Ticket page on TxDOT's website.
Posted by Sig on June 1st, 2010 at 8:48pm
under life, music, writing.
Comments: 1
Comment from Flood Damage Mission Viejo
Time: 6 January 2011, 20:29
I was just checking out useful blog posts to the project research and when i happened to stumble upon yours. Thanks for any helpful material!


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To be fair, this was what was expected. If we want to survive relegation, a battle we're currently fighting, losses against the likes of Newcastle don't matter as much. It's the Blackburn's, Burton's and Rotherham's which we'll have to be beating.
Looking at the starting line-up, the formation could've been any collection of numbers. Bjanerson could be playing on the wing, it could be Kodjia and Hogan upfront but then again the former can go out wide. As it turned out, Bruce played a 4-3-3 with Hogan startingg as the central striker.
Surprisingly, Villa were the better side early on, and almost went 1-0 up. Jedinak flicked a long free kick on, thenHogan nearly lobbed Karl Darlow with a looping header. The chance looked like it had passed but Bjarnerson came in at the back post. Unfortunately his effort went wide.
In all honesty, the first half was pretty dull. Newcastle kept giving the ball away and we couldn't do anything with it. It was good to have Jedinak back though, he and Taylor stopped many a Newcastle attack. Unfortunately the Australian still hasn't learnt how to pass a ball.
Toward the end of the half, Newcastle started to show their quality. Kodjia nearly scored from a deflected cross. But it was the home side who had the first clear cut chance. Yohan Gouffran scored a scrambled egg of goalmouth scrambles. Undeserved, but it was Villa's fault for making a dogs dinner of trying to clear the ball.
It took about 10 minutes of the second half until anything of note happened Villa wise. By note I mean Bjarnerson sent a volley into outer space. Then Shelvey nearly scored with a powerful free kick from a full 40 yards, which was well parried from Johnstone. In fact, our goalkeeper was the only Villa player to come out of the game having played well.
Then the second goal happened. Jesus Christ. Newcastle had a corner, it hit the post, then the ball came off Lansbury who was guarding the post, and went in. At that point most Villains probably much knew the game was over.
Apart from Karl Darlow pulling off an excellent close range stop from Bjarnerson, we never looked like getting back into it. Elphick was lucky not to concede a penalty, and Newcastle peppered our box with crosses up to Mitrovic. Johnstone kept out a fair few shots late doors, but by then the game was already won.
Our pressing game went to pot late on. Seeing Bjarnerson just strolling back when Newcastle were on the attack was just plain depressing. Almost as depressing as Kodjia and Hogan coming off injured, plus Hogan's injury looked really bad. Hopefully he's not broken anything, although the former Brentford forward was taken away by a stretcher.
For Villa fans at the moment, there are two big questions. 1. Will we go down? 2. Does Bruce deserve the sack? Personally I would say no to both. However, ask me in a weeks time and I'll be much more confident with my answer.


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West Omaha Chiropractic & Sports Injury Clinic - Pregnancy Chiropractic
Pregnancy causes many changes in a woman's body and many of these are in the musculoskeletal system. Prenatal chiropractic care can provide relief from such problems as morning sickness and low back pain while helping prepare your body for an easier delivery. At West Omaha Chiropractic & Sports Injury Clinic, our Omaha chiropractor offers the full range of prenatal chiropractic care.
What is Prenatal Chiropractic?
With the exception of a few technique changes to prevent increased pressure on the abdomen, prenatal chiropractic care is essentially the same as regular chiropractic care. The goal of treatment is to relieve pain, promote optimum function, and restore wellness. However, the focus includes both mother and baby. For example, proper nutrition is vital during pregnancy. Adequate intake of protein, iron and specific vitamins like folate help ensure health and prevent birth defects.
Body Changes with Pregnancy
Fatigue and morning sickness are the most noticeable symptoms of early pregnancy. By the second trimester, the curve in the lumbar spine increases. Pelvic ligaments start to soften and most women lean backward when walking to counteract the increased size of the abdomen. These shifts in alignment and position can put pressure on the back, pelvis, knees, ankles, and feet. Finding a comfortable sleeping position becomes more difficult. These changes affect the nerves that run off the spine and can cause symptoms like heartburn or fatigue or make such symptoms worse.
Benefits of Prenatal Chiropractic Care
Pain relief for problems like back pain is one of the most notable benefits that most expectant mothers report. Adjustments and massage are drug-free interventions with little to no risk. Other therapies like acupuncture can help relieve or lessen pregnancy-induced nausea. Nutritional counseling helps ensure that the body is properly fueled and that the developing fetus receives all the right nutrients for optimum development. Stretches and exercises help a woman prepare for delivery.
Keeping both mother and baby safe is the bottom line in prenatal management. Chiropractic care has no contraindications during pregnancy and there is no risk to either mother or child. Nor is there any risk of medication side effects. Keeping the pelvis and spine in correct alignment helps make delivery easier and decreases the risk of a breech (feet first) birth. Untreated spine or joint issues can cause chronic problems, so the earlier treatment is initiated, the better.
Schedule an Appointment Today!
No matter where you are in your pregnancy, West Omaha Chiropractic & Sports Injury Clinic is ready to help manage uncomfortable symptoms and promote better health. Your Omaha chiropractor is located at 2639 159th Plaza in Omaha, NA. Please contact us at 402-334-4700 to schedule an appointment. We offer extended and Saturday hours for your convenience.


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It's great to be here tonight celebrating two important milestones for the Orange Roughy fishery.
The first is Marine Stewardship Council (MSC) certification for several key orange roughy fisheries, and secondly to launch the book 'Roughy on the Rise' by Tim Pankhurst.
MSC certification is a great success and recognition for a fishery that was in real trouble in the early 1990s.
A huge amount of work has gone into rebuilding this fishery over the years by industry and successive Governments. To now have it recognised as sustainable by an independent, international body is worth celebrating.
The certification follows two years of review and assessment by an independent team of experts.
The turn-around in this fishery is a remarkable story and it's well captured in Tim's book, telling the story from a range of different viewpoints
What struck me about the book is some of the incredible pictures from the 1980s and 1990s of fisherman pulling up enormous catches. It was a real gold-rush but as a nation and an industry, we have learnt a lot from mistakes made in those days.
Since then scientific research has given us better information and new fisheries technology has helped this fishery to rebuild.
Many international markets are now demanding MSC certification as a baseline requirement, so to have this for such a valuable export fish stock is extremely important. This is the sixth species to achieve MSC certification.
It shows our Quota Management System is flexible and effective, and helps support the global reputation of New Zealand as being committed to developing sustainable fisheries.
MSC certification sends a message to consumers here and around the world that this is a premium product harvested with care.
Going forward, this kind of certification is going to become more important because consumers are demanding higher standards.
As a nation, we need to unashamedly target the wealthiest consumers because that's where the value is.
As a Government we've set a goal of doubling the value of primary sector exports by 2025. We can't double the volume of fish caught or milk produced, so it's about moving up the value chain.
Overall we produce enough food as a nation to feed 40 million people so we need to be targeting the wealthiest consumers.
These kinds of consumers have increasingly high standards. They want to know the story behind their product, where it comes from and where it was produced.
That's why your social licence to operate has never been more important.
Social licence and the Future of our Fisheries
This is one of the key drivers behind "The Future of our Fisheries", a major review to modernise and future-proof our fisheries system which was launched in 2015.
A public discussion document was released late last year and 426 submissions were received. The three strategic proposals are maximising value from our fisheries, better fisheries information and more agile and responsive decision-making.
A part of this review is looking at ways to improve discard rules, and again we received a lot of feedback on this which we are working through.
There are also two regulatory changes outlined to allow for the Integrated Electronic Monitoring and Reporting System (IEMRS), which includes cameras, geospatial monitoring and electronic reporting, and providing flexibility for developing new trawl technologies.
The first stage of IERMS begins on 1 October this year with electronic reporting and geospatial monitoring rolled out, and then cameras on boats from 1 October next year.
This will be world-leading technology and give us arguably the most transparent fishery anywhere in the world.
This is a big change for the fishing industry and I acknowledge you for your support. The fact that most have accepted the need for changes shows you are serious about transparency.
We realise it will cost commercial fishers anything from $5,000 to $18,000 per vessel, and at the same time MPI will have added costs to support the software and back office functions.
Approval to make changes to regulations to allow IEMRS and new net technology passed through Cabinet recently, which is an important step forward. The next stage is to work with you the industry to develop the detailed requirements for the system.
We will be setting up a technical group to help with the rollout of this technology to make sure it is practical and delivers the outcomes we all want.
Overall these are the biggest changes to fisheries management in a generation, something I think many critics have failed to notice or recognise.
What is important is for your industry to be showing leadership and talking to the wider public, telling your story about who you are and what you do. So I'm pleased to hear you will soon be running a television campaign involving real people in the industry talking about your values, challenges and achievements.
MPI is also continuing to engage constructively with Te Ohu Kaimoana (TOKM) regarding the Future of our Fisheries strategic proposals.
I want to acknowledge the critical role of Māori in all of these fisheries issues. Tangata whenua are inextricably linked to New Zealand's seas and fisheries by whakapapa, and over 200 kaitiaki have been appointed to exercise guardianship over marine resources. The ongoing productive relationship with Te Ohu Kaimoana (TOKM) is a very important one to me and to MPI.
The seafood industry
A couple of weeks ago MPI released their updated Situation and Outlook for the Primary Sector (SOPI). It forecasts seafood export earnings will grow by an average of 4.6 percent per year, reaching $1.9 billion in the year ending June 2018.
Your industry supports more than 8,000 jobs and has a total economic impact of $2.5 billion to New Zealand.
Your exports are worth the same dollar amount as the wine industry, which is widely celebrated. The two industries have a lot in common – both producing a high quality, outstanding product unique to New Zealand.
An initiative I noticed recently is the NZ Wine Pure Discovery Project, run by NZ Winegrowers and Auckland Airport, aimed at encouraging tourists to explore our wine growing regions. This is the kind of idea that might have merit for the seafood industry to consider.
As a Government we're working hard to improve your trade access overseas.
Last month Prime Minister Bill English announced Trade Agenda 2030 with the ambitious goal of having free trade agreements cover 90 per cent of New Zealand's goods exports by 2030, up from 53 per cent today. We are backing this up with $91 million in new funding over 4 years to help achieve this.
As part of this, Trade Minister Todd McClay and I announced new funding of $35 million to MPI to help further support our primary sector exporters. It will allow MPI to better tackle non-tariff barriers that the fishing sector and the rest of the primary sector faces, improve trade access as well as navigating international regulatory requirements through the establishment of an Export Regulatory Advice Service
We will also expand MPI's Economic Intelligence Unit to provide market insights and economic information to exporters, and we'll be putting more MPI officials in Europe and South East Asia, as well as a new embassy in Dublin and a new High Commission in Sri Lanka.
This updated trade strategy is timely given all the massive changes in the global landscape over the last 12 months. Not everyone predicted Brexit or the US election results, which just shows we need to be nimble-footed and stay focussed on the many opportunities ahead of us.
Moving up the value chain
There is a lot of work underway from industry and Government to help move up that value chain I talked about earlier, and it is the first of three strategic proposals in the Future of our Fisheries discussion document.
It's estimated that greater catch quality and value, such as moving hoki from a commodity to premium product could be worth up to $100 million annually.
Plant & Food Research scientists have developed a new method for extracting and formulating collagen from hoki skins, a by-product of the seafood industry, for use as an industrial biomaterial.
Another good example is the $48 million Precision Seafood Harvesting programme, developing revolutionary new net designs that allow fish to be landed in much better condition than traditional trawls.
Last year saw a big milestone with the launch of the new premium seafood category 'Tiaki'.
Customers around the world will know when they see the Tiaki label that the fish has been caught and carefully selected in a revolutionary way. They will also be able to use their smartphone to connect with where and how their fish was caught via a specially designed traceability app.
The programme is expected to deliver around $44 million in economic benefits per year by 2025.
This kind of technology is world-leading. Another great example is the trawl net technology designed by Hawke's Bay fisherman Karl Warr, who is off to the United States after being named a finalist for the international Seafood Champion Award for Innovation.
Aquaculture update
There's also a lot of work underway to support the aquaculture industry's goal of becoming a $1 billion industry by 2025.
This week we saw a big breakthrough for another PGP programme – the first crop from the SPATnz hatchery will soon be ready to harvest and to eat, after years of investigative work.
This is a big step forward for the mussel industry which has traditionally relied on harvesting wild spat, which can be unreliable.
It is a potential game changer for the industry, opening up all sorts of opportunities around selective breeding and developing products such as nutraceuticals and other high value products.
In the Marlborough Sounds we are considering a proposal to move some existing salmon farming space to a different part of the Sounds where it could be better for the environment and local economy.
Public consultation on this closed on Monday 27 March, with MPI receiving around 600 submissions from right across the community.
This week an independent panel of three resource management experts have started public hearings on the comments that have been submitted during the consultation phase. The panel has invited iwi to meet and hear their views.
MPI has also set up a dedicated group to engage directly with iwi to discuss any concerns and explore options to address them.
I expect that people will hold a variety of views about how best to achieve long-term sustainability of salmon farming in the Marlborough Sounds, and I'm interested in all feedback we receive on the relocation proposal. I look forward to receiving the report and recommendations from the independent panel.
MPI, MFE and DOC are developing a National Direction for aquaculture, working with an expert Reference Group comprised of representatives from local government, iwi, the aquaculture industry and environmental organisations.
The intent of national direction is to provide greater certainty and efficiency in the renewal of consents for existing marine farms. National direction will also strengthen biosecurity management practices. We are on track to release document for public consultation in the near future.
In Kaikōura the earthquakes have had a devastating impact on the paua fishery with over 20% of adult paua habitat covering 94 hectares lost due to uplift. The area where juvenile paua live has been impacted to an even greater degree.
We have put $2 million towards investigating the impact of the earthquakes on these fisheries, and have extended the temporary closure of this fishery which I'm pleased was widely supported by local industry who recognise the need to recover and rebuild.
Recreational fishers
Finally, we are also putting an increasing focus on recreational fishing, recognising how important this is to New Zealanders. There are around 700,000 recreational fishers who contribute around $946 million to the wider economy.
Recreational fishers harvest more than 40 per cent of the snapper and kahawai landed in New Zealand, and more than 70 per cent of the kingfish.
MPI now has a dedicated recreational fishing team to strengthen communication and engagement with recreational fishers. As part of this it is developing regional advisory groups and drop-in sessions, and developing communication plans to regularly inform recreational fishers directly on fisheries management issues (including through social media).
We are also committed to establishing recreational fishing parks in the Marlborough Sounds and the Hauraki Gulf.
We expect that the recreational fishing parks will be established after the Marine Protected Area legislation is passed.
We aim to make further progress this year, and expect that there will be further opportunity for engagement with stakeholders.
MPI is also developing a Blue Cod National Plan to provide an overarching framework for management of this fishery, involving recreational fishers throughout the process.
So there is a lot of work ahead of all of us – industry and Government – in building value, telling our story and improving our practices. But there is also a huge amount of potential and success we should be proud of, like the orange roughy story.
Thank you and congratulations to everyone involved.


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State Sen. Rob Garagiola (D-15) has been introducing bills related to "teleworking" and driver safety.
On Jan. 27 he introduced the Driver Responsibility and First Responders Fund Act (Senate Bill 275) along with 29 Senate colleagues.
Under the bill, the MVA would assess additional fees against bad drivers. An individual would be assessed $50 for each moving violation point and $600 for each drunk or drugged driving conviction. The State of New Jersey has had a similar program for nearly 20 years and raised approximately $134 million in 2003. The fiscal note from last year's bill, which differs from this year's bill, noted that the program could raise over $25 million once fully phased in; however, this estimate is only based on a 55 percent payment compliance rate.
Seventy-five percent of the monies raised would be transferred to the Transportation Trust Fund to further meet our numerous transportation needs. The remaining 25 percent of the monies would be used for a First Responders Fund.
The teleworking bills, Senate Bills 115 and 117, create tax benefits for companies that allow their employees to telework, or work from home over the internet, and require the state to establish public agency targets for teleworking. Teleworking reduces pollution and rush hour traffic congestion and provides new work opportunities for the disabled and elderly and citizens in rural communities.
Garagiola is planning to hold a town hall style meeting in Potomac. The date, time, and location will be announced next week.
DEL. JEAN CRYOR (R-15) plans to introduce her "Sales Tax-Free Back to School Shopping" bill in the House of Delegates Ways and Means committee on Thursday, Feb. 3. The bill allows clothing and shoes to be purchased tax-free in a week shortly before the beginning of school -- Aug. 24-28 this year. There is no limit on total purchases, but each transaction must be $100 or less.
Cryor first proposed the measure in 2000. Washington D.C. and New York City have similar measures already in place. "With the budget deficit in Maryland over the past years, I have not pushed this bill." Cryor said. "[But] our fiscal situation has improved in Maryland, it is time for this 'mom's bill' to return."
Former Gov. William Donald Schaefer, the comptroller, will testify for the bill.
"When people are deciding where to go during that important shopping week, I do not want Delaware's no sales tax policy to lure the Maryland mom there," Cryor said.
On the contrary, she said, "We want to encourage shoppers in nearby Pennsylvania, Virginia, [and] Washington to come to Maryland."
"Every Maryland dollar spent in Delaware or in Pennsylvania where there is no sales tax on clothing, is a loss for Maryland's economy," she said.
ON JAN. 28, Del. Bill Bronrott (D-16) introduced three long-planned bills — House Bills 393, 394, and 395 — aimed at improving teen driver safety.
The three measures would prohibit non-related teen passengers during the first six months of the 18-month provisional driving period; ban cell phone use by teen drivers with learner's permits and provisional licenses; and increase the number of required parent-supervised driving hours during the learner's permit period. The National Transportation Safety Board and numerous other safety groups support the legislation.
"It was extraordinary in that we were able to win the co-sponsorships of the majority of the members of the House of Delegates for each of the three bills in a very bipartisan and geographically diverse way," Bronrott said.
The passenger law bill has 71 co-sponsors and the other two bills each have 75 co-sponsors.
"It doesn't mean that each of the bills will get 71 votes because things change … but it was a very good sign that this issue and these bills are gaining a head of steam," Bronrott said. "In my seven years here, it is the first time that I've seen this much of an outpouring of support and it's encouraging to see. … But we still have a long way to go and I'm not taking anything for granted.
The bills will be considered in a Feb. 9 House Environmental Matters Committee hearing.
Bronrott also introduced his bill that will assess a fine on the registration of so-called super-sized SUVs and is the House sponsor of Garagiola's Driver Responsibility and First Responders Fund act.


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Surly radiation is the gift that keeps on giving and now I am informed rain or snow will be radioactive and not to collect the runoff. That is just ducky because it looks like a snow storm is brewing in the high country. Oh well, so I'll have some radioactive snow to shovel. Won't be the first time. There is something I have noticed today; the daylight sky has an ominous tint to it. An elder pointed out the haze and commented on how it looked like an omen or shroud over the Rockies. We could see and feel it somehow and it was not a good thing. After all, this came on the heels of our radioactive weekend and now it's the radioactive weekday, oh boy.
The sky really looks different so I'll venture to say we are getting a nice dose about now, bzzzzz. I did look on the fallout map (from Canada of course) and noticed I would have needed to drive cross-country to avoid the latest plume. Problem is, the plume was going to stagnate and churn around in my region until at least the 30th. With contamination continuing to spewing out of Fukushima we may be zapped with radioactive goodness indefinitely or until the trade winds blow it elsewhere. Surely I could not stay away from home indefinitely if I did flee my transuranic dark cloud. So I might as well bite the bullet now since it is inevitable we all will have to take our nuclear medicine. It's only a matter of time. Besides, we are mutants by every stretch of the imagination. We are forever genetically altered from years of radiological exposure and contamination from the food we eat already. Toss in all the other nuclear candy and genetically modified crappola we've been fed over the years and there you have it, a mutated version of a homosapien. Man has become a veritable Petri Dish in a grand nuclear experiment as new diseases are spawned by nuclear contamination.
Credibility has become an issue with nuclear authorities on both sides of the pacific though. There is so much at stake financially within the nuclear industry. Members of both sides of the political isle are heavily invested in the nuclear industry, like they were invested in AIG coincidentally. There is no doubt nuclear authorities with deep pockets are on damage control. Blarney fills the air waves as nuclear pundits ramble about how safe nuclear energy still is while explaining away reports of rising uncontrolled radiation levels spewing out of Japans reactors. I grew up during the early years of the nuclear age and the public was way better informed about the dangers of radiation than they are today. The feds passed out pamphlets and did a major public awareness program about radiological safety. At that time we were under threat of nuclear war during the Cuban Missile Crisis so we were preparing for the worst nationally. You'd think radiation only caused cold sores, a few benign lumps and a bad case of gas from what these bonehead nuclear officials/investors say these days.
Frankly I think it sucks because now I am one step closer to getting a new cancer of some kind. There is no sugar coating the fact we are getting contaminated and it does not matter how little they claim our dosage is because there is no good dosage. In the 50's people would have freaked out over the level of ambient radiation that exists in the atmosphere these days. Back then this would have been considered a radiologically contaminated environment. Dosimeters have long since been recalibrated to compensate for the increases in ambient radiation levels over the years, so it's ok I guess. What a bunch of malarkey and hog wash that is.
Gads I made it this far and it would be such a shame to wither away from some radiologically spawned disorder this late in the game. Guess radiation sickness will also share a place in the new world since we are all zapped now. It's kind of weird living through this silent nuclear mega disaster though. As long as those reactors are exposed and burning they are pumping radiation into the atmosphere all the way to my doorstep. But the part that really smokes my shorts is the fact we are constantly being lied to about the extent of the fallout danger and everything else for that matter. Why not simply give us the truth so we can deal with it. We'll find out sooner or later anyway so why give us the song and dance routine? Surely the government is not assisting the nuclear industry in an elaborate cover-up. But unfortunately spin doctors are already down playing the catastrophic releases of deadly radiation and have also resorted to tossing out misinformation. So much so the Japanese government chastised the nuclear industry for spreading misinformation and bold faced lies about the reactor. Now who are you going to believe? None of them since they all reek of the manure they are spreading.
The birds and the animals for the most part are subdued and not quite as chirpy these days. The morning doves have stopped singing their melodies in the early morning for a while now. But that is only another 'coincidence' I recon. If only people bothered to pay attention rather than choose to be lead around by the nose. From religion to the news we read, people just take things at face value and from the mouths of others rather than learn for themselves. It should be more than obvious that people need to be more self reliant and pay more attention to the world around them. Their spiritual connection only gets a busy signal these days and that's a real shame. Truth, now that's a novel expression in this era of political correctness.
Nuclear disasters; It's like some fat kid came along and crapped in the sandbox then left it for the other kids to clean. Nuclear energy is cheap from the investor's perspective but if it all goes bad it's the taxpayer who will foot the bill, with their lives. So it's a win, win situation for the nuclear industry. We don't even have the technology to dispose of nuclear trash, let alone building a reactor that will withstand the forces of nature. To say so is a bold faced lie for man is truly powerless over the whims of nature. And being that this is the time of change any proposed nuclear reactors will never come to pass for Ma Earth has another idea. If you read your sacred texts you'd already know that so I will not bore you with the details. Just rest assured this disaster is only a sign of things to come because you ain't seen nothing yet because the party is just starting.
Ah yes, springtime in the Rockies and everything is aglow. Well, it's time to feed Ginger the Radioactive Horse with her radioactive hay in her radioactive feed trough located in her radioactive pasture. The grass is already coming up and it looks quite pretty with the morning dew glistening on the frail little leaves. To bad the droplets are contaminated with radioactive residue. Hmm, I better get her more radioactive water as well.
Your Devil's Advocate


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why there is sap on my peaches?
My peach tree is 3 yrs. old. This is the first year it has bloomed. Last year a tree from the side mt. topped it. We live in WV where it warmed early but cool nights. This morning I found what looks like sap on the peaches. The size of the peaches are about the size of a pea.
Certified GKH Gardening Expert
This time of year, dripping sap is not actually sap, but honeydew from a pest infestation. It is likely aphids or scale. These pests also reduce the ability of the tree to produce fruit. Treat the tree with an insecticide. I like neem oil myself. It is organic, safe for people and pets and also treats other undiagnosed problems the tree may have. Here is more information:
Another possibility is peach borers. This article will help if this is the problem:
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