text:
Baltimore police strike
|Baltimore Police Strike
Two officers on strike carry signs with uniformed officers nearby
|July 11, 1974 - July 17, 1974
|Wage Increases
|Strikes, Protest, Demonstrations
|Parties to the civil conflict
|Lead figures
|Arrests, etc
The Baltimore Police Strike was a 1974 labor action conducted by officers of the Baltimore Police Department. Striking officers sought better wages and changes to BPD policy. They also expressed solidarity with Baltimore municipal workers, who were in the midst of an escalating strike action that began on July 1. On July 7, police launched a campaign of intentional misbehavior and silliness; on July 11 they began a formal strike. The department reported an increase in fires and looting, and the understaffed BPD soon received support from Maryland State Police. The action ended on July 15, when union officials negotiated an end to both strikes. The city promised (and delivered) police officers a wage increase in 1975, but refused amnesty for the strikers. Police Commissioner Donald Pomerleau revoked the union's collective bargaining rights, fired its organizers, and pointedly harassed its members.
The Baltimore action was one of few police strikes in the United States since the Boston Police Strike of 1919.[1] Although it was followed by a wave of police unrest in other cities,[2] it remains one of a very few notable police strikes in U.S. history.[3] The action was also test case for the American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees (AFSCME), which was rapidly growing in size and strength but had not had much success in unionizing police officers.
Background [ edit ]
Police unionization in Baltimore [ edit ]
City officials opposed the organization of police as a group of workers, fearing the breakdown of order that might result from police strikes. However, Baltimore had a high proportion of minority and pro-union officers.[4] Police officers who wanted to unionize met in secret for years before voting in 1966 to form Police Local 1195, a chapter of AFSCME.[5] One of Local 1195's key leaders was Thomas Rapanotti—a labor organizer who worked in a coal mine, then at Martin Aircraft, then for AFSCME.[6] Rapanotti expanded the union in Baltimore and made inroads into surrounding counties.[7]
The Fraternal Order of Police (FOP) immediately presented itself as a competing union.[5] FOP Lodge #3, which still exists, is independent from other types of workers and less militant as a labor group.
Conflict with Pomerleau [ edit ]
Baltimore's Police Commissioner, Donald D. Pomerleau, was particularly hostile to the idea of a police union. He repeatedly declined requests (from Baltimore's AFSCME Local 44 as well as from within BPD) to recognize Local 1195, even when much of the police force had joined.[8]
Local 1195 and its allies in organized labor voiced many complaints against Pomerleau. In addition to criticizing Pomerleau's changes to department policy, they accused him harassing and intimidating union leaders. The AFL–CIO called his actions 'union-busting'. In 1968, officers picketed BPD headquarters and demanded his resignation.[9][10] Grievances with Pomerleau continued to mount. In a 1973 grand jury investigation on corruption within the BPD, Rapanotti accused him of spying and of applying polygraphs tests selectively only to lower-ranking officers.[11] Banned from striking by its constitution, in March of this year the union began to consider job actions.[12]
Collective bargaining [ edit ]
By 1973, about 2,000 of Baltimore's 3,500 police officers claimed membership in Local 1195. AFSCME leaders and representatives from other public employee unions and organizations pressed the City of Baltimore for collective bargaining rights and higher wages.[13] Some of the officers had worked previously at Bethlehem Steel and been on strike before.[14]
In November 1973, Pomerleau agreed to recognize collective representation for police, and held an election to choose an exclusive bargaining agent. He stipulated that whatever the result, no secondary boycotts, slow-downs, stoppages, or strikes would be allowed.[15] Local 1195 won the election by a large margin, with 1,488 votes to 769 for FOP 3. Turnout was 85%. After Local 1195's victory, Rapanotti laid out a 26-point proposal for the city.[16]
Local 1195 immediately attempted to make good on the promise that collective bargaining might improve conditions and wages for police officers. The police asked for an increase of their salary range from $8,761–$11,082 to $12,500–$14,500. The city offered 5.5% raise, with a 0.5% increase in benefits. This package had recently been accepted by other city workers, including teachers, who went on strike in February of the same year. (The salary raise was 5.5% or 20 cents an hour, whichever was greater for the workers at hand. For many other municipal employees, 20 cents an hour was greater.) On June 30, Local 1195 voted unanimously to reject the city's offer.[17]
Actions begin [ edit ]
The lead-up to the police strike was a period of radical labor activity and unrest, sparked by a walkout of the city's garbage collectors.
Municipal workers strike [ edit ]
On July 1, 1974, over 700 sanitation workers walked off their jobs in a wildcat strike (against the wishes of their union leadership in AFSCME Local 44). Workers cited low wages (they wanted a 50 cent raise instead of a 20 cent raise) and undignified conditions (heat, exhaust fumes, and poorly maintained trucks) as reasons for striking. Mayor Schaefer threatened to fire them all.[18] Soon after the strike began, AFSCME announced its support and sent major leaders from its national offices. By July 7 approximately 2,500 municipal sanitation workers, corrections officers, and other personnel had gone on strike.[19] The atmosphere created by this strike emboldened the police force to push harder for their own demands.
Police job actions [ edit ]
Baltimore's police officers sympathized with other city workers, increasing their readiness to strike.[13] The municipal strike—with garbage pileups and rioting inmates—also created an atmosphere of crisis, in which the role of police would be especially conspicuous.[20] On July 6, the union formed a steering committee, with 84 members, to plan job actions intended to pressure the city for negotiations. According to the findings disclosed by a 1977 court case, these actions had "tacit approval" from Commissioner Pomerleau, who also wanted the city to negotiate further.[15]
On July 7, police began 'job actions' that signaled their discontent. Officers would write lengthy reports on pennies ("objects of value") found along the side of the road and would turn obvious samples of tobacco over to the police lab for drug analysis.[14][21] There was a massive increase in traffic stops and a 1000% increase in tickets issued. One ticket led to an altercation resulting in three arrests. Mayor Schaefer's limousine was ticketed twice.[22] Kenneth Webster, a state Delegate, was arrested (on littering charges), for tearing up one of these tickets in front of the ticketing officer.[23] John A. Lann, a police officer, was arrested and suspended from the BPD for blocking traffic on the newly constructed I-83. Union officials threatened a total strike if he was not released.[23]
These actions mounted day by day and garnered widespread attention. On July 10, police cars blocked two out of three lanes on Franklin St. downtown.[24]
Decision to strike [ edit ]
Pressure for a strike had been building since the new contract was announced on June 30. Rapanotti opposed a full strike, predicting (correctly): "This thing is only a week old. If you pull and strike at this moment, they're going over there and offer the garbagemen some money, and we're going to be standing there holding our Yo-Yo's."[6] But after four days of job actions, the union's members were ready to escalate.
After meeting for an hour and a half on the afternoon of Thursday, July 11, members of the steering committee decided unanimously to go on strike.[25]
Police officers strike [ edit ]
At 8PM on July 11, 39 officers on the 4PM–12AM shift returned to their stations and turned in their equipment. They were joined by 33 members of the Tactical Section.[15] Only 96 (of 238 scheduled) showed up for the midnight shift. Striking officers established picket lines at seven stations.[26] The Baltimore Sun reported that looting began immediately in West and East Baltimore.[27]
Strikers formed picket lines and carried signs reading "I will not die for 5.5" and "Professional Pay for Professional Service".[27]
Striking and nonstriking officers [ edit ]
It is estimated that nearly 1,300 police officers of the 2,300 went on strike.[28] Nonstriking officers worked overtime: 12 hours a day, 7 days a week.[29] (According to Pomerleau, there were only 565 strikers;[30] most sources said his estimate was too low.[31])
Newspapers reported tension between striking and non-striking officers.[14][32] "Don't trust that guy," one striking officer said of a working officer to a national guard soldier.[33] Some nonstriking officers likewise felt betrayed by their fellow workers and by Local 1195, which was officially a non-striking union.[34]
Officers of the Fraternal Order of Police released statements opposing the strike.[35]
Fourteen white youths picketed the strikers, displaying signs that said "Safety First; Money Second".[36]
Effect on crime [ edit ]
After the walkout on Thursday, July 11, the BPD and the fire department received increased reports looting and arson. Trash fires (facilitated by the sanitation workers' strike) were the most common violation reported. These fires intensified immediately in southwest Baltimore, where all 22 officers on the night shift had walked off.[25] Fire alarms increased to hundreds per day, and some fire fighters were harassed when they arrived on the scene.[37] Neighborhoods already high in crime saw more of it.[32]
Police reported that the city was particularly quiet on the night of Friday, July 12.[36][38] This abrupt halt in reported crimes coincided with the visible arrival of outside forces.
One man, identified as a looter, was shot and killed by a nonstriking officer on July 12.[38] Commissioner Pomerleau declared, "We're in a semi-riot mode, similar to the 1968 riots."[39] However, activity in the streets never reached the same levels, and much less damage resulted.
Government response [ edit ]
The strike met with opposition from the city government, the state government, and the judiciary. These authorities reacted more severely to the police strike than to the simultaneous municipal strike.
Before midnight on July 11, Circuit Judge James C. Murphy issued an injunction ordering the strike to end immediately.[26] This injunction had no immediate mechanism for enforcement.
On July 12, Maryland governor Marvin Mandel ordered outside police help from 115 state troopers and ten canine units.[40] They arrived with 100 cruisers and a tractor-trailer carrying two jeeps.[37] These troops were outfitted with riot weapons but wore soft hats instead of helmets.[36]
The Maryland National Guard was put on alert[38] but Mandel said he did not expect them to become involved.[28]
Also on July 12, Commissioner Pomerleau announced that 457 officers had been suspended.[28]
On Saturday, July 13, Judge Murphy declared a fine for each day of striking—$25,000 for the union and $10,000 for Rapanotti. He also threatened Rapanotti with jail if the strike continued beyond 10AM on Monday July 15.[41] (Murphy issued parallel threats to union leaders connected to the ongoing municipal workers' strike.)
On July 14, Pomerleau fired 82 officers and demoted 9 detectives and 18 police agents (officers with college degrees).[30][31] All the officers fired were 'probationary', meaning that they had served on the force for under two years; Commissioner Pomerleau stated that these officers were not entitled to hearings for their jobs.[42] He further announced that there would be "no general amnesty", and that all striking workers would be fired unless they resumed their jobs immediately.[43]
Negotiations [ edit ]
The police walkout quickly triggered negotiations for both police and the striking municipal workers. Union representatives and city officials met for five hours on July 12, the day after the night shift walkout.[36] With leaders of both Locals under direct threats from Judge Murphy, marathon negotiations continued day and night, with few breaks.[41] These negotiations were tightly controlled by outside representatives of AFSCME, who temporarily suspended Rapanotti for negotiating without accompaniment.[44]
On Sunday, July 14, AFSCME negotiators responded to Commissioner Pomerleau (who had just fired 82 officers, threatened to fire more, and declared no amnesty) that amnesty would be a condition of settlement.[45]
On Monday, July 15, the city announced its settlement with Local 44: a 25 cent-raise immediately, and an additional 45 cents in 1975. The arrangement with the police was less clear. According to Mandel and Pomerleau, union leaders had promised that the officers would return to work. Leaders of the police union then announced in a press conference that they had been "assured of fair play" and that "many would be reinstated"—but there was still no promise of amnesty. Rapanonotti announced that the decision would be taken for ratification to a committee of strikers.[46][47] Police officers would receive no immediate increase in salary. An increase of the salary range to $10,000–$13,500 was planned for July 1975.[46]
Striking officers ratified the agreement on the morning July 16. Many of the strikers felt defeated, and most had already returned to work. Many of those who had been fired came to the meeting to express anger and frustration about the negotiations. Before this group would vote had to be reassured that leaders would seek amnesty.[48]
Aftermath [ edit ]
Pomerleau announced that returning strikers would be treated harshly, writing in a July 18 letter : "I have asked the sergeants of this department to 'take charge.' If they wish to deprive a striker of an air-conditioned car or refuse to assign a striker to overtime duties that is their prerogative and, I will back them up."[49] These returning workers were also banned from park and stadium patrols, and from assuming "officer in charge" status.[42]
Pomerleau suspended and then fired George P. Hoyt, president of AFSCME Local 1195 and leader of the strike. Hoyt had been a member of the force for 17 years and was four days away from retirement when he was fired.[1] Pomerleau subsequently fired dozens more officers, including all of Local 1195's remaining officials.[50]
On July 25, Pomerleau issued a message, posted on bulletin boards and read for three days at roll call, which distinguished between strike leaders and followers. In this message, he specified the offenses that would in particular be punished:[15]
- a. jamming communications
- b. mixing keys in the Motor Pool
- c. blocking departmental [buses] so reinforcements could not move expeditiously, and
- d. holding open mikes
Thomas Bradley, president of the Metropolitan Baltimore Labor Council (a regional arm of the AFL–CIO), promised to establish a committee "who will see to it that there are no reprisals".[48] AFSCME president Jerry Wurf also promised to help the officers get their jobs back.[51] These campaigns were ultimately unsuccessful.
Judge Murphy fined AFSCME $15,000 and union organizer Thomas Rapanotti $10,000.[52] None of the striking officers or leaders were imprisoned.[53]
Impact on the union [ edit ]
On July 17, Commissioner Pomerleau revoked the union's right to bargain,[54][55] citing the terms of his 1973 order.[35] He also announced and announced that union dues would no longer be 'checked off' automatically from workers' paychecks and that union leaders would not be allowed to visit police headquarters unescorted.[49]
The union of police supervisors (Local 1599), withdrew their membership in AFSCME.[49]
Local 1195, along with AFSCME, filed a lawsuit against Pomerleau and Mandel for union busting and illegal spying. The suit also accused Captain Donald E. Einolf and Edward Crowder as agents of an anti-union conspiracy.[56] This lawsuit was lost in 1977.[15]
The city refused to allow police collective bargaining (let alone right to strike) until 1982.[57]
Resentment [ edit ]
With no reprieve from the city, the formerly striking officers turned to Governor Mandel, asking him to re-authorize their union and impose amnesty.[58] Mandel, feuding with AFSCME president Wurf, refused to assist them, declaring that he would prefer to lose the union's support in his re-election campaign.[59]
Some officers felt sold out, or used as "cannon fodder," by the union leaders.[58] Twenty of the officers who were fired sued national and local AFSCME offices in 1977 for false representation and negligence, charging that they should not have authorized an illegal strike that could lead them to lose their jobs.[60]
Tension persisted between strikers and non-strikers. Some of the officers who did not strike opposed amnesty for those who did.[34]
References [ edit ]
- ^ a b "Pomerleau fires police union's Hoyt for role in strike". Baltimore Sun. 16 August 1974. ProQuest 535494440.
Ray, Gerda (Spring–Summer 1977). "Police Militancy". Crime and Social Justice (7): 40–48. JSTOR 29766004.
The causes of the sudden upsurge of police militancy in the last two decades lie in the changing conditions of policing. In large measure, today's police are moved to collective action by the realization that the declining legitimacy of the state subjects them to the explicit hostility of large segments of the population. Police work has become harder. As the degree of race and class conflict intensifies, the police assume a more demanding role both in repressing strikes and demonstrations and in attempting to contain the escalating level of crime. They are attacked, on the one hand, by progressive groups demanding the curtailment of their coercive power and, on the other hand, by reactionary elements calling for law and order and increased police efficiency.
- ^ Prout, Bob (April 2010). "The Most Important Profession". Law Enforcement Bulletin. FBI. Retrieved 8 September 2012.
- ^ Philip Jenkins, "The Baltimore Police Strike of 1974," in Ronald M. Filippelli, ed., Labor Conflict in the United States: An Encyclopedia (New York: Garland, 1990), page 33.
^ a b
Goeller, David C. (14 April 1966). "Non-striking police local is organized". Baltimore Sun. pp. C5, C20. ProQuest 251207782.
A group of Baltimore city policemen yesterday held their first open union meeting in two years and voted without dissent to form a non-striking local of the American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees (AFL–CIO). The formation of the local, coming after two years of clandestine union activity, was approved unanimously by 150 patrolmen and sergeants attending a morning meeting at the Steelworkers Hall, at 550 Dundalk avenue.
- ^ a b Scott, Rachel (13 July 1974). "Police call their union chief 'the Godfather' and he fondly refers to them as his family". Baltimore Sun. p. A9. ProQuest 538989847.
McClintock, John (13 May 1969). "Mighty Police Union Is Dream Of AFL-CIO's 'Mini-Cop': Diminutive Organizer Has Made Impressive Strides in State". Baltimore Sun. p. C6. ProQuest 539169252.
1. A majority of Baltimore county's 900 policemen have signed up for Mr. Rapanotti's union. 2. He's had strong feelers from the men on the Ann Arundel county force and the 900-man State Police. 3. He is in the process of signing up the Prince George's County police. Already he sits across a table from Mayor D'Alesandro, bargaining as business agent for the 1,970 Baltimore city policemen (the vast majority) his union represents.
Schmick 3d, William F. (16 January 1967). "Agnew Is Asked To Direct Recognition Of Police Union". Baltimore Sun. p. C8. ProQuest 539495187.
The AFL–CIO, bitterly stung by Mr. Pomerleau's flat refusal to even discuss a police union, has been overtly and covertly organizing the department. But the organization has been conducted by the policemen themselves, more than 2,000 of whom allegedly belong to the union already.
"Officials Of Police Union, Pomerleau To Meet Today". Baltimore Sun. 10 July 1968. p. C6. Retrieved 8 August 2012.
The four items are establishment of a new grievance procedure, an end to what the union calls 'harassment' and 'intimidation' of members through transfers of leaders from one district to another, a request that two officers be placed in patrol cars, and a call for the reestablishment of foot patrols.
"Pomerleau is Criticized: Police Union Reportedly Asks Resignation". Baltimore Sun. 3 July 1968. p. C7. ProQuest 533719567.
Representatives of the AFL–CIO and the Baltimore Police Union Local 1195 yesterday accused Donald D. Pomerleau, police commissioner, of 'union-busting' efforts and reportedly sought his resignation during an hour-long meeting with Mayor D'Alesandro.
Twigg, Roger (21 February 1973). "Pomerleau said to learn jury secrets". Baltimore Sun. pp. A1, A7. ProQuest 541360479.
The police union official yesterdfay attacked Mr. Pomerleau who, he said, in using lie detector tests had made 'a panicky and irrational and irresponsible decision leading to catastrophic conditions for these (suspended) men and their families.' Mr. Rapanotti also charged that the commissioner had applied 'a double standard' in limiting lie detector tests to only include lower ranking offices.
Twigg, Roger (5 March 1973). "Police union debates protest of inquiries". Baltimore Sun. p. C18. Retrieved 8 August 2012.
Amid charges of coverup and possible scandal, hundreds of city policemen yesterday considered measures ranging from a sick-in to massive rush-hour traffic checks to protest the handling of recent department investigations.
- ^ a b CJO - Abstract - ?There is tragedy on both sides of the layoffs:? Privatization and the Urban Crisis in Baltimore
^ a b c
Bill Richards; Fred Barbash (14 July 1974). "Striking Baltimore Police Adopt Tactics of Militants". Washington Post. pp. B1, B3. ProQuest 146167144.
'These guys have been in a union before,' Campbell said, 'and they know what the score is. They came from a union much tougher than this one and they're not afraid to strike,' he said.
- ^ a b c d e Hoyt v. Police Comm'r, 367 A.2d 924 (Md. 6 January 1977).
Twigg, Roger (15 November 1973). "Police choose union: AFL-CIO affiliate wins by big margin". Baltimore Sun. pp. C24, C8.
Baltimore city policement, voting in nearly an 85 per cent turnout, yesterday overwhelmingly selected Local 1195 of the American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees to represent them in collective bargaining with the city. The voting ran nearly two to one for Local 1195, with 1,488 for the AFL–CIO union to 769 for Lodge No. 3 of the Fraternal Order of Police. Eight persons voted for no representation at all.
"Police reject contract: City offers 6% boost in pay, benefits". Baltimore Sun. 1 July 1974. pp. C1. ProQuest 533429705.
About 500 members of Local 1195 of Police Council 27 (AFL–CIO) voted unanimously yesterday to reject a 6 per cent increase in wages and fringe benefits offered by the city.
"Mayor warns strikers: Trash, sewer workers face loss of jobs". Baltimore Sun. 2 July 1974. pp. A1, A8. ProQuest 538951534.
Mayor Schaefer raised the specter of mass firings in the Sanitation Division yesterday as about 700 garbage workers and a sprinkling of sewer workers walked off their jobs in a wildcat strike.
- ^ "Baltimore Police Strike". Baltimore Police History. Retrieved January 23, 2014.
- ^ Ralph de Toledano, The Municipal Doomsday Machine (1975) pg. 152
- ^ Chaos in Charm City - TIME
- ^ Krause, Charles A. (11 July 1974). "Fund Seizure In Baltimore Strike Cleared: Tie-up Set Of Union's Finances". Washington Post. pp. B1, B8. ProQuest 146145457.
^ a b
Cramer, Richard Ben (10 July 1974). "Strike talks lapse as city obtains new injunction". Baltimore Sun. ProQuest 538904469.
Police intensified their job action yesterday issuing tickets throughout the city. There were five arrests in connection with the police slowdown—one of a member of the House of Delegates, Kenneth L. Webster (D., 4th Baltimore), and another of a policeman who was blocking traffic on the Jones Falls expressway.
Cramer, Richard Ben (11 July 1974). "Trash-strike supporters, police clash". Baltimore Sun. pp. A1, A10. Retrieved 6 August 2012.
Meanwhile police intensified their ticket-writing and penny-finding boondoggling in 'phase two' of their protest against the city's 6 per cent wage offer. Police also tied up two of Franklin street's three lanes during the afternoon rush hour.
^ a b
Watson, Douglas (12 July 1974). "Baltimore Police Walk Off Job". Washington Post. pp. A1, A3. ProQuest 146143255.
Some police officers from all nine of the city's districts walked off their jobs last night in response to their union's call for a citywide strike. By early this morning there had been 300 to 400 fires in trash bins and abandoned buildings throughout the city and scattered looting of shops and stores including liquor, jewelry and furniture stores, carry-outs and laundries. Most of the looting was confined to high-crime, poor areas on the fringes of downtown and on the city's west side.
- ^ a b "Strike of City Workers". Toledo Blade. UPI. 12 July 1974. Retrieved 5 August 2012.
^ a b
Cramer, Richard Ben (12 July 1974). "Police strike; west side hit hard; looting erupts; guard at the ready: Fire alarms increase; Mayor holds conference with Mandel". Baltimore Sun. pp. A1, A12. ProQuest 538947418.
Baltimore police called a strike at 8 P.M. last night, and within an hour, hundreds of patrolmen had walked off their jobs amid the first reports of looting, street disturbances and arson. By midnight, the situation had become severe, as police and fire communications lines were jammed with hundreds of emergency calls.
- ^ a b c "Baltimore strike brings state cops". Chicago Tribune. UPI. 13 July 1974. p. C11. ProQuest 171164532.
Franklin, Ben A. (14 July 1974). "Negotiations Resumed". New York Times. ProQuest 120096321.
Nonstriking policemen were on 12-hour, 7-day-a-week shifts, and officials acknowledged that the long hours could reduce the effectiveness of the men.
- ^ a b Charles A. Krause; Donald P. Baker (15 July 1974). "82 Striking Policemen Fired". Washington Post. pp. C1, C4. ProQuest 146166145.
- ^ a b Krause, Charles (18 July 1974). "Last Phase of Strikes in Baltimore Ends". Washington Post. pp. C1, C3. ProQuest 146164665.
- ^ a b Ralph de Toledano, The Municipal Doomsday Machine (1975) pg. 38
Staff Writers (14 July 1947). "Baltimore Police Ruled in Contempt". Washington Post. pp. A1, B1. ProQuest 146166864.
Tension between the striking and working policemen was noticeable last night and early today. As state troopers helped patrol the city, some were jeered by the striking officers. 'Don't trust that guy,' one striking policeman yelled as he pointed at a working city policeman.
^ a b
Pietila, Antero (16 July 1974). "Eastern district men remain on job mainly due to anti-strike clause". Baltimore Sun. p. A10. ProQuest 538975153.
If there was a single reason for Eastern union members' betrayal of Local 1195 at an hour of struggle, it seemd [sic] to be the policemen's conviction that they themselves had been betrayed when their union—contrary to an anti-strike clause in its constitution—declared a strike. 'It really boiled down to this question, "What does your oath mean to you?"' explained a 15-year veteran of the Police Department who, despite being a shop steward, resigned from the union rather than strike. 'It means a lot to me.'
- ^ a b Cramer, Richard Ben (17 July 1974). "Pomerleau cancels police union right to bargain after officers end walkout: Force held to be back...". Baltimore Sun. pp. A1, A8.
- ^ a b c d Cramer, Richard Ben (13 July 1974). "Situation seems calm". Baltimore Sun. pp. A1, A8. ProQuest 538944836.
^ a b
Staff Writers (13 July 1974). "State Police Ordered to Baltimore". Washington Post. pp. A1, A12. ProQuest 146141671.
With television cameras and newsmen in tow, the caravan of 100 state police cruisers, led by a 5-ton tractor-trailer carrying two screen-covered jeeps, moved toward the Baltimore city line, blue lights flashing on the cruisers. 'It looks like they're going to war,' said a young woman onlooker.
- ^ a b c Franklin, Ben A. (13 July 1974). "TROOPERS PATROL BALTIMORE TO BAR RENEWED UNREST: Mandel Also Alerts Guard—Union Says Half of Police Have Joined Walkout". New York Times. pp. 1, 28. ProQuest 120103597.
- ^ "Cops storm jail rebels; Baltimore in semi-riot state". Chicago Tribune. UPI. 14 July 1974. ProQuest 171096090.
Baylor, Peter N. (13 July 1974). "Troopers patrol Baltimore". Bryan Times. UPI. Retrieved 4 August 2012.
A 115-man state police force, including 10 canine units, was ordered into the city Friday by Gov. Marvin Mandel to help prevent violence and looting.
- ^ a b Cramer, Richard Ben (14 July 1974). "Police union, Rapanotti fined $35,000 a day". Baltimore Sun. pp. A1, A3. ProQuest 538976784.
- ^ a b Cramer, Richard Ben (18 July 1974). "Police local vows to fight reprisals". Baltimore Sun. pp. C1, C2. ProQuest 538955550.
Franklin, Ben A. (15 July 1974). "Striking Baltimore Police Told to Work or Lose Jobs". New York Times. pp. 1, 12. ProQuest 120103725.
Police Commissioner Donald D. Pomerleau announced tonight that striking policemen would be dismissed unless they returned to work immediately. The statement of 'no general amnesty' by the Commissioner came at a news conference...
Richard Ben Cramer; Tom Horton (15 July 1974). "Analysis: Union sources expect pay increase in city". Baltimore Sun. pp. A1, A8. ProQuest 538958921.
So pervasive is the international's control of the talks, in fact, that Thomas A. Rapanotti, the leader of Maryland's Police Council 27, was suspended from his union post during the early stages of the talks because he negotiated with city officials one afternoon without an international representative at his elbow. [...] The national union is currently the fastest-growing labor organization in the country, adding about 1,000 to its 700,000 national membership each week. Police, largely unorganized throughout the country, could be a major area for future expansion, but only if the Baltimore strike is a success.
Charles A. Krause; Donald P. Baker (15 July 1974). "82 Striking Policemen Fired". Washington Post. ProQuest 146166145.
Al Bilik, assistant to the president of the American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees (AFSCME), of which the city's police local is a part, said, 'Amnesty is a condition of the negotiations.'
- ^ a b Franklin, Ben A. (16 July 1974). "BALTIMORE ENDS ITS 15-DAY STRIKE: Municipal Pact Exceeds 6%—Police Still Seek Amnesty". New York Times. pp. 1, 22. ProQuest 119962186.
Barbash, Fred (16 July 1974). "Baltimore Work Strike Ends". Washington Post. ProQuest 146160431.
At a news conference tonight at the Lord Baltimore Hotel, Thomas J. Rapanotti, executive director of the police union, said acceptance of the police contract will be recommended at a union meeting at 9 a.m. Tuesday. He called the propose contract agreement 'a good one . . . that substantially improves the pay scale for Baltimore police. The members are going back to work once the agreement is understood and ratified.
^ a b
Donald P. Baker; Charles A. Krause (17 July 1974). "Baltimore Police Accept New Contract". Washington Post. pp. A1, A13. ProQuest 146162601.
The press was barred from the 90-minute meeting, but it was learned that strong sentiment for acceptance of the contract developed only after eight union leaders repeatedly reassured the members that restoration of the 82 fired officers to their jobs would be given highest priority. The tension in the meeting room was heightened by the presence of 45 of the 82 dismissed officers, most of whom sat as a group in the front rows. 'No one on the floor was willing to stand up and say "let's accept this contract and go back to work"' said one union official who was in the room. He said the actual motion to accept the contract came from the leadership 'after everyone was permitted a chance to vent his emotions.
- ^ a b c "Pomerleau sets reprisal guidelines". Baltimore Sun. 5 August 1974. pp. C1, C2. ProQuest 539005109.
"Pomerleau suspends 16 union officials". Baltimore Sun. 24 July 1974. p. C1. ProQuest 538925681.
Sixteen patrolmen—all officials of the union which represented striking city policemen—were suspended from duty yesterday by the police commissioner, Donald D. Pomerleau. The suspensions removed from duty virtually all remaining officers of Local 1195 of the AMerican Federation of State, County, and Municipal Employees as well as some members of its executive board.
Krause, Charles A. (20 July 1974). "New City Worker Strikes Seen". Washington Post. pp. A4. ProQuest 146162729.
Asked about the situation in Baltimore, where the city's police commissioner has fired 91 probation patrolmen and demoted more than 100 others who participated in the police strike, Wurf said that his union 'has a tradition of protecting its membership' and would do all that it could to get the men their jobs back.
Rasmussen, Frederick N. (30 January 2003). "Thomas Rapanotti Sr., 74, union organizer". Baltimore Sun. Retrieved 4 August 2012.
In the wake of the strike, Mr. Rapanotti was fined $10,000 by the Circuit Court for failing to heed a court order ending the walkout. The union was similarly fined $25,000.
- ^ Bopp, William J. Crises in Police Administration. Springfield , IL: Charles Thomas, 1984. Pg 72
"Baltimore policre rebuffed on union". New York Times. 18 July 1974. Retrieved 5 August 2012.
The Baltimore police commissioner has revoked the exclusive bargaining representation of the police union that led to a five-day strike here.
Wagner, Philip (5 August 1974). "Baltimore's Head of Police Cuts Path In Strike Forest". Toledo Blade. p. 12. Retrieved 5 August 2012.
There was no amnesty. First, the department's entire complement of probationary officers was fired. Then, pointing to the conditions of certification, the commissioner canceled the union's exclusive right to be bargaining agent. He also canceled the automatic check-off of union dues—a deadly blow since this is the gut stuff of unionism.
Cramer, Richard Ben (23 August 1974). "Police union sues Mandel, Pomerleau". Baltimore Sun. p. C24. ProQuest 538902157.
The suit, which seeks an injunction against anti-union activities by the two men, charges that Mr. Pomerleau and Mr. Mandel are 'threatening, intimidating, harassing, discriminating against [and] offering inducements to members of Local 1195 to force them to disassociate themselves from their union.' The complaint also alleged that Mr. Pomerleau, acting as the Governor's appointment, 'has illegally taped, photographed and spied upon' union officers and members.
Struck, Doug (27 March 1982). "City agrees to bargaining with a police union". Baltimore Sun. ProQuest 538053552.
The Baltimore city administration has agreed to collective bargaining with a city police union, the first formal bargaining with such a union since the 1974 police strike.
^ a b
"BALTIMORE POLICE FIGHT FOR UNION: Political Role Is Weight to Counteract Reprisals". New York Times. 28 July 1974. p. 32. ProQuest 119942499.
Leaders of Baltimore's police union are struggling to keep their local alive despite reprisals by the city's police commissioner after the recent five-day strike. The last hope of Local 1195, Police Council 27, American Federation of State, County, and Municipal Employes, is a reluctant Gov. Marvin Mandel.
Walsh, Edward (2 Aug 1974). "Mandel Scores Union Chief's Strike Role". Washington Post. pp. A22. ProQuest 146153280.
Facing a small revolt among some labor leaders in Maryland, Gov. Marvin Mandel accused a national union leader of 'irresponsible' interference in a police strike in Baltimore and said he would forego the union's support in this year's election rather than give into its demands.
"Fired policemen sue union aides for $15 million". Baltimore Sun. 14 July 1977. ProQuest 541131876.
Twenty former Baltimore city policemen, dismissed for striking the department in 1974, have filed a $15 million lawsuit charging their former union representatives with negligence and making false representation.


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The 100 Season 1 Episode 1
97 years after a nuclear war, human kind is living in space. 100 juvenile delinquents are sent down to Earth to see if the planet is habitable.
Serie: The 100
Director: Bharat Nalluri
Guest Star: Aaron Miko, Alessandro Juliani, Austin J.M. Ross, Genevieve Buechner, Kelly Hu, Sachin Sahel, Terry Chen
Episode Title: Pilot
Air Date: 2014-03-19
Year: 2014
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subset: commoncrawl


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... reading it after a game where Curt Schilling stinks up the joint.
Not the start I was hoping for. Walking off the mound I knew my FB command was crap, and that I'd need to get it right fast.
Oooh... Our intrepid hero is experiencing the trials and tribulations of opening day! Alas, it wasn't meant to be!
I never let us get into the game after the first. Every inning they pushed and I didn't push back.
Luckily pudgy Curt has the folks at Red Sox Nation to pick him up! From the Comments on Curt's post!
CountZer0 says:
Give ya' credit dude — posting that was probably one of the more difficult things you've had to do, huh? I don't think if I had a day at work like you just had I would be writing anything about it — except maybe a few choice words I wouldn't repeat in front of the kids. :-)
Peace and better stuff next time.
Yes, blogging is brave and dangerous work. Good job, Curt!
Redsoxgrrrl says:
Thanks for posting even after such a tough day for you and the Nation. Let's all shake this one off and get back out there strong the next time. Peace.
Wow. Such great fans. She sounds perky!
The apparently mis-named Skinnyman2007 says:
Don't worry Curt it is only the first game. Wednesday it will be Josh and then the Man Dice K takes the mound. How do you think Dice K will do Curt? Curt it is like being on a diet some days you are focused and some days you are not. I am the one on the nutrisystem diet. Curt will you and the rest of your team mates give me support Curt while I am on the diet. Could I get a baseball autographed by David Ortiz to keep me motovatied. Take care Curt and I will keep you and the rest of the team in my prayers as you travel on the road. Curt final question what is your favorite verse from the Bible and why?
From, Jeff
Uh. Skinnyman2007 Jeff? You're a fucking nut.
Vicksp, offering tactical advice, says:
I noticed you didn't throw inside much. Maybe you could have taken a page from Pedro and got them thinking with a few more pitches inside. It seems to me he threw inside more when he didn't have his best stuff. In any case, hang in there and get'em next time.
Yes, it's true Pedro did exactly that. This in fact is what makes Pedro a complete fucking douchenozzle. He's also been known to throw old men to the ground and have a strange fondness for midgets. I wouldn't exactly choose him for a role-model.
Fridge says:


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Tampa Bay has continued to grow in esteem with the hockey betting public. With less than a month to go before the playoffs they remain the favorite. Lightning backers have bet them up to 4/1 with the Stanley Cup futures odds. But as many hockey fans know parity is at an all-time high. Surprises are the rule rather than the exception in the Stanley Cup Playoffs. Upsets are what make the NHL post season the best of any pro sport. Plenty of credible candidates are on the NHL futures watch. Legitimately potential champions load the board.
2018 Stanley Cup Futures Odds
Date and Time: Stanley Cup Playoffs begin April 11, 2018
Location: Check Schedules
NHL Betting Online Odds at SBG: Tampa Bay Lightning 4/1
2018 Stanley Cup Playoffs TV Coverage: Check Listings
Tampa Bay
While elite goaltending is mandatory for success with the Stanley Cup futures odds it alone is not enough. Cup champions all have timely scoring with depth. Blue line prowess is also a must. Tampa Bay boasts each of those elements. Center and captain Steven Stamkos is the marquee man for the Bolts. Stamkos has 27 goals and 55 assists with a plus-22. Right winger Nikita Kucherov has emerged as a top sniper with 34 goals.
Important Names in Tampa
Tampa Bay Defenseman Victor Hedman has climbed into elite status. With 11 goals and 40 assists he is a superior quarterback. Most impressive is a plus-26 against the opposition's top lines. Goaltender Andrei Vasilevskiy has an impressive .922 save percentage. With seven shutouts and a 2.53 goals against average he is of Cup caliber. Also required for a Stanley Cup is a top shelf coach. Jon Cooper fits the bill to perfection. Young, smart, and in touch with his players he is the envy of most teams.
Nashville has the top record in the NHL and is an 11/2 pick. Last year's Western Conference championship was quite the sportsbook online surprise. Observers point to the Predators rank as the top defensive unit in the league. Goal scoring has improved to seventh best. Defenseman PK Subban has flourished in Music City. Subban has 15 goals, 36 assists, a plus-16 and star presence. Goaltending has been elite with the tandem of Pekka Rinne and Juuse Saros. Rinne has a .929 save percentage and seven shutouts.
Boston Bruins and Vegas Golden Knights
At 13/2 are the Boston Bruins and Vegas Golden Knights. Although they are the most successful expansion franchise ever Vegas is fading. Recently the Knights have lost six of their last ten games. Gamblers wonder if it's a case of coming back down to Earth. Boston has been one of the most complete teams in the league. Ranking third for both Scoring and goals against the Bruins are consistent and profitable. Defensive depth remains a bit of a concern.
Pittsburgh could be a bargain at 10/1. As the two-time defending Stanley Cup champion, they have a loaded lineup. Evgeni Malkin, Phil Kessel, Sidney Crosby and Kris Letang headline a bright marquee. Goaltender Matt Murray has missed a month of action due to concussion. Murray's status is the dark cloud that hovers.
Matchup to Watch
Tampa Bay missed the playoffs last year. Ironically that helps their value with the
Stanley Cup futures odds. Wear and tear from a deep playoff run will not fatigue them. Fresh legs go a long way in the post season.
2018 Stanley Cup NHL Betting Odds Picks
In conclusion Tampa Bay is loaded, well coached and rested. Expect them to hoist Lord Stanley's Cup this June!
NHL Betting Online Pick: Tampa Bay Lightning
Check out highlights of Tampa Bay's Steven Stamkos!


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text: My days and nights are filled with the dreams of everything I want to accomplish. I have so many novels, short stories, film scripts and literary events swimming around my head in the form of amazing ideas. I take down notes on scraps of paper and plug information into my day planner and onto notepads:… Read more »


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Mcafee firewall is blocking a server that I know is safe, it can be accessed when the firewall is off, but with the firewall on it cannot.
Is there a way to allow it through?
I don't want to get another firewall.
I know this doesn't really solve your problem, but when it comes to antivirus programs.. McAfee just doesn't hold up anymore.
I would uninstall that and install AVG For Free 2012, I install it on all my clients machines and have had minimal problems.
If you want a specific firewall, go to download.com and check out ZoneAlarm, it's a free firewall that I very highly recommend that gives you full access and control.
I agree with dumping McAfee...BUT...I would recommend Avast Free. Check out these reasons that make Avast the BEST free AV online:
It is the most efficient 'no muss, no fuss' AV that does NOT need regular scheduled scans PLUS it updates automatically sometimes several times a day.
I have installed it on 95% of my PC repairs I've done for clients in the past 10 years.
You may have to use MCPR.exe from the McAfee website to TOTALLY uninstall McAfee, as no other AV will run properly if there are any traces of it in the registry.
I would not recommend AVG...just check out the posts on what problems it has.
You can find AVAST free here:
The windows firewall should be more than efficient for you....it has really gotten much better in the past few years. The choice is yours....I have not installed a 3rd party firewall in many years....most are just a pain at the best of times.
Some HELP in posting on Computing.net plus free progs and instructions 7 Medals


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Click and bail: Can Macron stop digital multinationals from dodging tax?
In his landmark Sorbonne speech in late September, Emmanuel Macron outlined a plan to force the likes of Facebook, Amazon and Netflix to pay taxes in the EU country where their services are used, rather than where they are headquartered, and to crack down on those companies which avoid paying at all. While his proposal is welcome, Laura Seelkopf argues that it faces a number of hurdles – from both inside and out of the EU.
Laura Seelkopf is a Jean-Monnet Fellow at the Robert Schuman Centre for Advanced Studies. Her current research focuses on the comparative political economy of taxation.


text:
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text:
"This is what I like to do," Bruce Hornsby tells me, as he prepares for the release of his new album Absolute Zero. "I'm interested in trying to push forward. I'm a lifelong student, and I've always tried to grow, evolve and change as a singer, a lyricist, a songwriter and a player."
If your awareness of Hornsby's music starts and ends with his chart-topping 1986 debut The Way It Is, the music on Absolute Zero may startle you. It's a sonic stew of sorts, with contemporary classical, Americana, jazz and electronic sonorities all seamlessly intertwined.
Not one prone to fits of sentimentality (i.e. he may play your favorite song in concert, but it may be slower, in a minor key or on a dulcimer), Hornsby is always looking to the future. "I want to make a sound that I haven't heard," he explains. And on his new release, he takes us all along for the ride.
The first single off your new album Absolute Zero is "Voyager One." And it seems like a terrific snapshot of you in three and a half minutes. There's a great groove with polyrhythms, classical sonorities mixed with a pop sensibility, and your penchant for non-romantic, sardonic lyrics.
Yes, that's right. That's a good encapsulation. I would have been fine with any of them being singles. My first hit was a complete fluke. Everyone thought it was a B-side way back then. This one's about a kid's fascination with space. I call it "Steve Reich Meets Prince." That's an unholy alliance, but that's been my job for years! [laughs]
I remember talking to you years ago about Randy Newman's disdain for standard love songs. You were saying how you'd be happy to write a love song if it was set in space. You seem to have a fascination with space.
I think it's that I have a fascination with science. Mostly in the last probably 15 years I've been interested in that. I think what I've always said about love songs is that I'm all for writing a love song, but I want to find an interesting take on it - an interesting way into a love song that's atypical. I think "Fractals" is a perfect example of that. It's a science love song. I guess you could say. "Voyager One" has nothing to do with love, although it does say, "Fix relationships we've wrecked," so I guess there's a little of that in there. I think it's more of my interest in science comes out in this record, for the most part. On one of my records, about 10 years ago, I wrote a song called "Here We Are Again," which is a time travel fantasy. So it's about finding interesting way to write a love song. I'm trying to make a sound that I haven't heard before. That's one of my overriding goals. I also want to write something that I haven't read.
For music and lyrics it's a high bar. Also, I guess the subject matter ranges further afield as the years go on, because I've been doing this a long time and the page is pretty filled-in. I'll start to write a song about something and I'll go, "Wow, that reminds me of something that I wrote 25 years ago." And I'll say, "Oh no, that's too derivative of this other thing that I did." If you've done this for a while, you have to reach farther to find something new so that you don't repeat yourself. That's something I really try not to do.
That's an amazing sentiment - to try to find something new. You're your own bullshit detector. We can name dozens of artists who are completely happy to continue writing and playing the same song over and over again to great acclaim.
And often that's what their fans prefer. I've been getting nasty letters since my second record [1988's Scenes from the Southside], which is shocking because, to me, my second record was stylistically very akin to my first. It was me trying to cement the fact that this is what I do. This is my sound. It's a little goofy, but true, to describe it as "a LinnDrum and a piano." [laughs] I thought it was very much stylistically similar to the first record. Then I got all these nasty letters saying, "What is this? How dare you change." I thought to myself, "Well, you haven't seen anything yet!" [laughs] If you think this is dissimilar in a distasteful way for you, you should probably never listen again.
I love how the record has you working with esteemed elders like Jack DeJohnette and also younger talents like Justin Vernon. Do you find yourself equally inspired by both kinds of collaborations?
Well to be honest, Jack's the only older guy. Everyone else on the record, other than two members of my band, is young enough to be my child. This record is almost completely about that on a guest-list level. Jack's contribution is different. The Jack DeJohnette drum track on "Absolute Zero" comes from our old Camp Meeting record we made together. It's not like I had Jack in the studio. I just used some old Jack to good effect. A lot of this music stems from Spike Lee film cues of mine. Around two years ago, I was scoring Season One of his Netflix series, She's Gotta Have It. His dad, Bill Lee was also a jazz bassist, and scored his film She's Gotta Have It. We were using his old theme for the opening credits music and end titles. I said to Spike, "Well, how about if I make this an homage to your dad and write all these cues for a bass and get [acclaimed jazz bassist] Christian McBride to play them as an homage to your dad?" He said, "Wow. I'd love that. It's a soulful idea." So, I wrote all these cues, and he didn't use any of them! I had all these lying around, and one of them was this cue that became "Absolute Zero" that actually is in season one of She's Gotta Have It. To start, I thought to myself, "Okay, I'm just here in my house with nobody around. Let me just look for some found materials to start making these jazz-ish cues." So I made a bunch of Jack loops from the soloed drum tracks from that record from 11 years ago. That's where "Absolute Zero" came from. So other than that, which, again, is something from the past, it's really about these young musicians who have reached out to me for the last several years and asking me to work with them. They've returned the favor here for me. Justin Vernon sang on my dulcimer record Rehab Reunion, on the opening song "Over The Rise," which is possibly the best song on that record, We've been doing this for a few years now, since 2015, and he was, as you can see, way more involved. We co-wrote and sang a duet on "Cast-Off," which is the second single.
I was really knocked out by the kind of sonic treatment on that one. The chords, to me, sound unmistakably like you, but the way they are treated is so modern. Was this one of the thing you got working with Justin? The idea of how the sound can be as intriguing as the music?
Yes, completely. This is a situation where they asked me to come out to the Eau Claire, Wisconsin last year and do a gig with them at a motel of which Justin's a part owner. Then, four days of work in the studio. I thought I'd come prepared, and I showed up and said, "I come bearing gifts. I have a bunch of these pieces of music that I've written for Spike Lee films that haven't been used, and I picked several that I thought you may be interested in." I think I brought him 25. I played him all 25, and he picked 10 or so. We started working on some of them and "Cast-Off" was one of those cues. They have this very idiosyncratic and beautiful way of making records. It's their own thing. He basically brought down from Minneapolis a bunch of his Bon Iver bandmates and other friends that they work with. So that song is basically Bruce and the Eau Claire cats. That's why it sounds like that, because these guys bring this certain aesthetic and sonic philosophy to the music. I just loved it. The way the sax is used, it's nice. So there's no coincidence.
It's amazing to have somebody be able to take you out of your own mindset, and bring you into a whole new sonic space.
Look, I'm fortunate to have these people in my life. I think they're an incredibly creative, incredibly talented group of musicians and creators. That's probably the most obvious example of their influence. Justin also sings great on "Meds." That brings the Rob Moose/yMusic part of this picture into view. "Meds" features 17 or so violins and violas all performed and arranged by Rob Moose. Rob's a very in-demand musician. I met him, again, through Justin while playing his great Eaux Claires Music & Arts Festivals. That's where I met yMusic and The Staves and The National and so many others. Rob makes his entrance on "Meds" in the running order, and from then on, they are on virtually every track.
I noticed there aren't any piano solos on this record.
I haven't taken an improvised piano solo on a record since 2004. And you know what? I just don't care. Again, I've done that so much, it just feels just old and "been there." Although, the virtuosity demands are in two very real cases - way more intense than any of the other stuff, even my two-handed stuff. "Fractals," for instance, the piano on that is this very fleet-fingered, Steve Reich-ian or Philip Glass-ian performance. It's from an old Spike Lee cue from about four years ago, and it's four hands. It's two pianos playing together. I've had to learn that and also learn how to sing along with that. Oh, it's been an incredible bear. I've just hit the woodshed for about the last nine months to get this together. It's an incredibly high bar to move across. Then there's the crazy bitonal song, "The Blinding Light Of Dreams," with the B-section and the left hand? [imitates music] And again having to sing over that? I wrote it and then I had to learn how to play it before we performed and recorded it. That is really hard stuff. There's also the crazy sort of Zappa-esque mid-section of the last song, "Take You There." I wrote that song with Robert Hunter. It's an atonal bit and I sing that very chromatic melody [he sings], "Where it begins in the port of the skies…" It's a high bar. So yes, there are no piano solos as you say, but I just got to the point where I'm more interested in just the songwriting. I guess I couldn't help myself. Maybe I'm a masochist. I've created these sections that force me to flog myself into being able to perform them.
It's a great challenge, and I like the challenge. It's a lot of work to get to the point where I can perform them. Of course, when we work on difficult music, you know this very well - the feeling of when you get out the other side of having put a lot of work into something very difficult, the feeling of freedom that you have when it's now really easy for you is one of the best feelings that a musician can have, for someone who's interested in playing his instrument well. There are two very clear examples illustrating the fact that this record on a pianistic level, doesn't sound like some of my older music like "King of the Hill," of which I'm very fond and proud .
I have to give special props to the fact that you got the phrase "Robotize, enzymes, nucleotides, in time" into your song "Absolute Zero." As a guy who's finishing up a new album myself, listening to how you stretch lyrical and musical boundaries is both a revelation, and somewhat terrorizing!
Well, look, we all have our own idiosyncratic past. If this influences you to do something to push it, well, I'm happy about that. I'm always searching for inspiration and ways to push myself into new places. Again, a lot of my longtime fans, they really hate that because they would like me to make the same record again and again but that's such a creative prison. If I had to do that, I'd just might as well go play the oldies circuit.
So we can't expect a reunion of The Range anytime soon?
Those guys are still good friends of mine. I still talk to all of them semi-regularly. In [drummer John] Molo's case, very regularly. But I love who I play with now. It's just a different thing. But back to "enzymes and nucleotides…" A lot of this record has been informed by the reading that I do. That's also an area where I've over the years pushed myself to deal with some reading and some modern fiction that is demanding and difficult and that requires work on the part of the reader. I've gotten to the point where it's not such hard work for me anymore to read David Foster Wallace or Don DeLillo or so many others. I mentioned them because they're the ones who I referenced on this record quite a bit. That's where a lot of this information comes from. It's been totally influenced by my being deeply involved in reading. Again, a lifelong student in that way. I'm always looking for something interesting. If you read The New York Times Book Review, your world can open up. If you dive in.
There's heavy lyrical content on a song like "Never In This House." Was that one informed by reading you did?
Those are not my lyrics. That's my great, long-time, kindergarten friend, Chip deMatteo, with whom I've written a lot of the old play songs, like on the ill-fated, SCKBSTD Musical. That's totally coming from him and you'd have to ask him. He's a great writer – a very bright, creative guy. I've loved collaborating with him. That song was written on assignment. When you're writing a musical, it's very specific. The subject matter will be very specific to the songs placed in the play, moving the story forward, I guess. That's where "Never in This House" comes from. It comes from the play.
Let me ask you a couple of questions from some of our readers. The first is, "What's the secret to the droning bassline in "Spider Fingers?"
You mean the repeated note piano pattern in the left hand? I guess the only secret possible could be how you finger it. It's very easy. It's 4,3,2,1. A lot of people do the old Billy Joel way of repeated notes, which is two-handed. Anyone can tell who's listening that that's not how I'm doing it because then all of a sudden you hear the right hand play while that other thing is going on. It's just 4,3,2,1. It's not an easy technique but it's an enjoyable one.
"Spider Fingers" has a funny story behind it. The aforementioned John Molo was in Du-par's diner in Studio City when I was playing with the Grateful Dead in the early '90s. He overheard some Dead Heads talking to him - about four of them in a booth next to his, and they were talking about a show. Molo's ears perked up and he started listening to what they were saying. They said something just like, "Dude, it was so great when Bruce played "Spider Fingers" in the middle of "Scarlet." [laughs] Molo called me up and asked, "What do they mean?" I said, "Well, I have no idea what they mean about 'Spider Fingers.'" Then I thought, "Well, maybe they mean this repeated note trick that I use." He said, "You should write a song about that." I said, "Yes, it's a good title, it's fun," and so I wrote a whole song about a piano technique. [laughs] That's how "Spider Fingers"came to be.
Another reader writes,"How about touring Europe and Denmark, particularly in 2019?"
Well, look, it's tough for me. My favorite line about this is, "I'm about 5'2" in Europe." I'm not very big, and I don't work the room. We broke in Europe. "The Way It Is" was a big hit in England first and then in Holland, and then throughout the rest of Europe, then throughout the rest of the world, and then in the US. We started off by going to England, and then on to the continent. Right away, in '86, we made our first video in London and we're on Top of the Pops, lip-syncing our asses off for the people, and The Terry Wogan Show. He was the British Johnny Carson at the time for many years there. Basically in 1986, '88, and '90, and '93, I went over to Europe and opened my wallet to the continent and said, "Here, take it all." Basically, I just went over there and just lost my ass to try to sort of "build the market." Then I went in '95 to play solo. Now I could actually make some money playing solo because there's very little overhead, obviously as opposed to taking planes,buses and trucks. I just show up and make friends with a new piano every night and that's it.
I remember you played London's Jazz Cafe solo.
That was 2003. I was making the Halcyon Days record, which could be unofficially titled Bruce and the Brits. I had the great guest list of Sting, Elton and Eric Clapton. I flew over there to record Eric. He was working in a studio in London and I thought, "What the hell, I'll pay for the trip and book a solo gig." I played the Jazz Cafe and had a great night there. We get European offers now and then to play with the band, but it never really seems to work out so that I won't lose my shirt over there. I've tried to not be an absentee dad for 27 years now. That coupled with the beautifully and never-ending demands of my music career, and now really, the two-pronged affair as a film composer for Spike and also being a singer/songwriter, which as you can see have a symbiotic relationship to each other, I don't have the time. It's a downward spiral. I've never been that popular over there, so I don't go. Then I'm less popular. [laughs]
Next reader question: "What was your most memorable moment with the Grateful Dead? Do you have a favorite Jerry Garcia story?"
To answer the first question, there were so many amazing moments playing with them, and I can't pick just one. My best Jerry Garcia story is this. I used to phone prank him a lot using different voices. One time I had him thinking he was talking live on "WWOZ 90.7 on your radio dial New Orleans." [imitates New Orleans accent] "This is Ernie K-Doe. Jerry Garcia, what you got to say to New Orleans, Jerry Garcia?" He said, "Hey Ernie, I just want to say Merry Christmas to everybody in the Crescent City, and--" I realize, "Oh man, I've got him." So I just kept wearing him out, asking, "When is the Grateful Dead gonna play "Mother-in-Law," Garcia." Ernie K-Doe's big hit was "Mother-in-Law." And Jerry says, "Yes Ernie, we really like that." I just had him for the longest time, just wound him up for quite a while, and then said, "Hey Garcia, it's Bruce." To which he reacted, "You weasel." Then we had a big laugh and I continued to phone prank him. I could keep going about this and tell you crazy goofy things that we did, but that was the main one.
Another reader asks, "What exercise can you recommend to develop hand independence like he has?"
That's more of a mid to late '90s Spirit Trail kind of thing but I'm still deeply involved in the independence concept. I got a lot of my inspiration in the independence area from one piece that Keith Jarrett played and there's no name for it that I know of. It was on his Solo Concerts Bremen/Lausanne record. It's just freaky. It's an ostinato in the left-hand [sings tune] and then he plays this melody and then he just goes rhythmically far afield in the right hand soloing, just very free playing across the bar line. It sounds like two people playing. I always wanted to do that, but I would open that door and then close it right away over the years, realizing, "This is too difficult to deal with." Finally, when I turned 40, I thought, "Okay, I want to deal with this." My way of doing it was I'd start off playing the most simple left-hand pattern, just some rhythmic pattern. I guess you could use the song "Sneaking up on Boo Radley" as a template. This is not such a simple left-hand pattern but it's not incredibly complex. Then I would just start by getting that pattern working well with a metronome and playing it well in time. Then I would just play a whole note over the pattern in C minor. I'd play C [sings tune], C [sings tune]. Obviously, that's not so hard because you're playing the C note in the top, probably the same beat as the C at the bottom. Then you play half notes [sings tune] that gets a little harder [sings tune]. That's not so easy to do, but I'd do that for a while. Then you gradually improve. I guess it's the concept of learning how to crawl before you can walk, before you can run, before you can sprint and you gradually work that up from a whole note while playing that pattern, to a half note playing that repeated half note. Then to a repeated quarter note, then to repeated eighth notes, and then off-beats, and then triplets [sings tune], triplets while playing the ostinato.
It's a very painstaking process that gradually, if you're willing to sit there and work on it for months and months, will allow you to develop this independence. It's a pure, pure grind. It's pure work because the brain cannot hold two thoughts at one time. What this allows you to do is get the pattern under your fingers in the left hand so it's second nature. You develop the freedom rhythmically in your right-hand gradually by crawling, and then walking, and then running, etc. Then that's the way I did it. It's very simple in concept, it just really takes a lot of time and practice.
Is the music from the new album Absolute Zero going to be the focus of the live shows you have coming up?
It will definitely be a focus, but it will be also continuing on what we've been doing. We played 105 of my songs last year with the two new guys that we had, so we'll draw of course from all of that. We will definitely be playing a lot of new music. We have two gigs at National Sawdust in late April with a very special guest. We're also playing with a couple of symphonies, including the Atlanta Symphony in June. Rob Moose is going to be the conductor at the Atlanta gig. There will be some special events. We're playing a Troubadour in LA, and several Absolute Zero-centric events to come.
What do you think you would do if you were getting out of music school in 2019? Could you even imagine that it was possible to have a career in music?
It's a great question. Who can say? A career in music often can have little to do with art, with being creative and being original and unique and not safe. Actually, I'd say that in the Indie rock world, it's all about that. Maybe now, in some cases, it's a great time for someone to try. I think what matters is that you have something original that moves people and doesn't sound like anybody else - you have your own thing. If you can find that at any time, I think you're going to have some kind of career. I think you have a great chance unless you're someone who's such a reclusive figure that you just live in your box all your life. No one can hear you if you don't try to get the word out.
When you look at the Grammys now, it's all very pop and very young. You won't find Evgeny Kissin playing Scriabin on the Grammys like you used to. You won't find Herbie Hancock and VSOP or Wayne Shorter playing a tribute to Tony Williams or whatever. You won't find that ever on the Grammys. You find that kind of person on the Grammys now, it's all about, "Let's get Chick Corea to play with some young rock band." It's very difficult now. It's a very different time. Most people would lament that and go, "It's terrible. There's no place for originality and art and consciousness in pop music." But that's not true. It's just under the mainstream radar screen and a very beautifully performed all across the Indie world where artistry is really prized. You could name so many groups that illustrate what I'm saying in a very clear manner. Check-out the group Palm. It's like The Beach Boys go to Uranus. Truly. There are so many groups. Dirty Projectors, for instance. Perfume Genius, Grizzly Bear. Fleet Foxes are fantastic. I feel like I have a Fleet Foxes moment on this new record, for instance. "White Noise," one part of it. You can just keep naming them. I think it's actually a pretty good time if you don't care about being on national network TV. If you just want to do something of depth.


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4 Ways to Embrace the Freedom of Letting Go
This week, I made this illustration for the "Freedom" prompt of the 2017 Gratitude Challenge, and it really got me thinking about how freeing the act of letting go really is. But it's also really difficult to do — at least for me it is. I'm pretty picky so when I let a person / thing / experience / idea / behavior into my life, I find it challenging to let it go (even when I know for sure it's no good for me). But, as I say often, it's often the most challenging things that are the ones worth doing.
Hanging onto the things you no longer need might feel comforting, but consider what would happen if trees clung to all of their dead leaves? Come spring, the brand new (alive!) leaves would have a pretty tough time finding room on the branches. Same goes for us. When we cling to what's no longer enhancing our lives, we block off possibilities for new things to flourish.
Releasing our own dead leaves isn't always a smooth and effortless process, the way it seems to be for the trees, but that doesn't mean we can't do it. If we want the freedom that comes with letting go, it's up to us to roll up our sleeves and do the hard work of letting go. Here are some of the best ways to get started:
Determine what you value most. When you take a step back and think about you truly value in your life, you'll realize that much of you're holding on to isn't as essential as you might've thought. What's essential is being healthy, positive, mindful, and living your life to the fullest (or maybe some other things that matter most to you!). If you are clinging to things or people, you're not experiencing true freedom. You're restricted by beliefs that aren't allowing you to thrive the way the trees do in the spring. Stepping back and assessing what really matters to you will make letting go a lot easier.
Reflect on what you're really receiving. We often hang on to things or people because we believe they're add value to our lives, that we're receiving some benefit from them (or providing it to them). But is that actually a fact? Are you actually benefiting from the clutter (emotional or physical) in your life, or do you just tell yourself you are because it's easier than choosing change? Reflecting on whether or not a person / experience / etc. is making your life richer can provide you with a boost of motivation to let someone or something go. Of course, not everything in life is about what you get from it, but if something is taking more than it's giving, it might not be worth clinging to.
Take note of what you're overvaluing. Are you placing high value on a person or thing you're holding on to unnecessarily? Are you giving something way more value than it truly has? More often than not, we idealize people or things and tell ourselves that, for whatever reason, we need it/him/her. Needing something is kind of prison; it keeps you trapped in situations that aren't necessarily beneficial for you. If there's a voice inside you saying "let go," it's a pretty good sign that you should let go. What you truly need in your life is never going to be accompanied by a voice that urges you to let go. Listen to that voice — not the one that overvalues what's no good for you as a way to keep you feeling the false comfort of not experiencing freedom.
Be strong enough to release your grasp. It really does come down to two little words: let go. No matter how hard it feels, no matter what obstacles appear to stand in your way, if you want to experience true freedom, you have to be brave and release your grip. Of course, this is much easier said than done, but, honestly, taking action really is the only way to access freedom and make room for new growth. You owe it to yourself to be brave and release what you no longer need. And keep this in mind: the hardest part is the release; once you're brave enough to take that first step, you'll soon see that you're fine without those dead leaves clinging to your branches.
As you're learning to let go, also keep in mind that, deep down, you know what's best for you. If there's a voice telling you to let go, listen to that instinct. You won't hear that voice when you're doing what's right for you, when you're with people who bring you up, when you're connecting with the very best parts of yourself. It's hard to listen to the voice telling you to do the hard thing, but not listening often makes it harder — you'll either remained imprisoned by what you're clinging to, or you'll drag out the letting go process, making it even more challenging when you finally release that grip.
Let the trees inspire you, and look to them way they let the dead leaves drop motivate you to release what you no longer need. When you let go, you might go through a tough time — a bare-branched winter, like the trees — but that pain will pass, and you'll have made room for the bright, lively leaves of spring when they arrive (and they will!).


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Fortnite game is rolling out on iOS devices presently, and sign-ups are already live. you'll be able to sign-up to be invited to special 'events' that may happen before the game's launch.
But not each iPhone and iPad are going to be compatible with the 'battle royale' game. you will need to get on a tool that runs iOS eleven for starters. And it has to be comparatively fashionable hardware. something older than the iPhone half-dozen or iPad mini four will not be compatible.
Those of you on older models just like the iPhone half-dozen, however, could realize your phones troubled to run the sport. We'll understand additional after we really begin seeing player feedback on performance.
Full list of compatible iOS devices below:
- iPhone SE
- iPhone 6 / 6S Plus
- iPhone 7 / 7 Plus
- iPhone 8 / 8 Plus
- iPhone X
- iPad Mini 4
- iPad Air 2
- iPad 2017
- iPad Pro
- iOS Other
So far, Epic hasn't proclaimed that robot phones and tablets are going to be supported. Since we tend to still haven't any plan once the same robot rollout can occur, that is no surprise.
We'll keep this post updated with any new device info for each iOS and robot. keep tuned to Forbes Games for all the newest Fortnite news, opinion and analysis.
Source : www.forbes.com


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3230 Sicotte
St. Hyacinthe, QC Canada
Alain Desjourdy
Phone: (450)774-2228
Jardin Daniel A. Séguin is an pedagogical garden since 1995 as well as botanical garden for the general public. The garden represent 4,5 hectares located in the middle of Saint-Hyacinthe Township and offers 21 thematical garden. 2015 is our 10th anniversary for the Trial garden!


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Four of the thumb-sized thrusters are located on UWE-4, the 1 kg. smallsat of the University of Würzburg. This enabled the Germany-based company to operate the first electric thruster in this satellite size in space.
The primary objective of the satellite mission is to test the propulsion system in orbit in order to obtain space qualification, the final and most important milestone. The innovative satellite propulsion system — called NanoFEEP — provides mobility to the most commonly used smallsats in the commercial space industry.
Mobility is the most crucial capability for satellites that is necessary to secure a sustainable space environment for humankind. So far, the control of the large networks of shoebox-sized satellites is non-existent or very limited at best. This means that the prevention of collisions with each other or with existing space debris becomes in the majority of cases impossible.
In addition, space debris will continue to grow exponentially through the thousands of newly planned satellites over the next few years. This could potentially reach a point where LEO will become unusable and space based services become unavailable for decades or even centuries. Morpheus Space offers satellite operators and manufacturers the opportunity to protect themselves against collisions and to return the decommissioned satellites into earth's atmosphere.
Morpheus Space GmbH was founded in 2018 and produces ion beam thrusters for smallsats. Morpheus Space is a spin-off from the chair of space systems of the University of Technology Dresden, Germany.
Executive Comment
Daniel Bock, the CEO of Morpheus Space, said the entire team has worked extremely hard for this success. With the successful demonstration of the company's thrusters, Morpheus Space is approaching the firm's biggest goal: giving the smallsats the much-needed mobility and thereby keeping the orbit of Earth clean and access to space a continued privilege of humankind.


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Patient Forms
Get the forms you need.
Fountain Optometry has been a leading provider of optometry services and vision care products in the Milan community since 2006, and we want to help you achieve and maintain clear vision for years to come.
Our experienced eye doctors offer comprehensive vision examinations at our Milan optometry office and specialize in the diagnosis and treatment of a wide array of eye diseases, conditions, and problems. We use advanced diagnostic technology and vision correction products and are committed to improving the quality of life of persons in the Milan community through enhanced vision. Give yourself the gift of clear vision – schedule an appointment with Kevin M. Fountain, O.D. today.


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Metal Equipment
- Home
- Machine Tools
- Metal Equipment
> Kompac Air MJT the cartridge dust collector by Tama Aernova
Tama Aernova started in 1985 with the construction of filtering units and components for air purification systems from dust, fumes, gases and oil mists coming from the different
> Filtering units for machine tools: purification of air from dust, fumes and gases
Tama Aernova is producer of filtering units and components founded in July 2016 by the merger between Tama S.p.A. and Aernova Engineering S.r.l. The thirty-year experience gained by both companies in
> Torque fit: collected chuck tightened correctly by Big Kaiser
Torque Fit: collected chuck tightened correctly. Tightening fixture for collet chucks with an integrated torque indicator presented by Big Kaiser at EMO 2017. Big Kaiser is a global producer
> Machine tool filtration system Iperoil by Tama Aernova
The machine tool filtration system Iperoil have been designed by Tama Aernova to be applied to machine tools with larger than 10 m³ casing and for centralized multi-suction systems. Tama
> Tama Aernova – The line Explorer: filtration for machine tools
The line Explorer by Tama Aernova for filtration for machine tools with high-performance that, during their work, develop a large amount of mists and oily fumes inside the fairing,
> SZM – improved axial clamping force with chucking device LongStar
LongStar is the name of the powerful, precise, flexible and innovative chucking device LongStar by SZM that replaces solid collets. LongStar gives different benefits to the production increasing the productivity of
> Schunk – Introduced the modules for quick change pallet VERO S NSE
Schunk producer of gripping systems and clamping technology, is introducing two premium quick-change pallet modules with unique features on the marekt: the quick-change pallet module VERO-S NSE3 138 and
> Open Mind – The hyperMILL CAM intelligent solutions for Aerospace
Open Mind, a developer of CAM/CAD-Software, offers with its CAM system hyperMILL CAM intelligent solutions to meet the challenges rising in the aerospace industry. The aerospace industry is one
> Micronfilter – Quad for the filtration of fumes and vapours by welding processes
The Quad unit by Micronfilter, thanks to its small dimension is easy to use and extremely efficient, and represents the addressed solution for filtration of fumes, aspiration, and deodorization of
> Meusburger – Standardisation in jig construction with prefabricated parts
Meusburger will be represented at the EMO 2017 in Hannover in Hall 5 at Stand E 24 and informing visitors about its wide range of products as well as
> Metal Gennari – Safety guards production for machine tool
Regarding work safety, Metal Gennari represents a leader company for the production of safety guards; continuous investments and the experience acquired in several years allowed the company to cover
> NUM – Advanced database-driven tool management system software simplifies control of multi CNC machine tool environment
NUM has released a new software facility for its latest-generation Flexium+ CNC platform that places an advanced tool management system at the disposal of manufacturers operating multiple CNC machine tools.


text: I love when people have the courage to use their life experience to learn, grow and create what is unique and authentic to them. Janna Fond is one of those people, and she follows in some big footsteps. To do so, you have to be willing to risk ridicule from those who are not as open as you are. As someone once said to me: If you're on the cutting edge, sometimes you get cut. I have experienced getting cut. I hope Janna hasn't because she is definitely on the cutting edge in bringing spirituality into her psychological counseling practice. When I took past life regression therapy training from


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Congratulations to our Temp of the Month winner, Jamie Pomorski from our Burton office!
We asked our Facebook fans to help us choose the most worthy winner, as we had gotten so many great testimonials it was hard to choose!
Jamie started with us in June and had exceeded expectations from day one. He is reliable, keen and enthusiastic – He has never worked within the manufacturing industry before so using him for this client was a risk, I can honestly say it was a risk worth taking."
Well done Jamie and good luck for the future!
We had many fantastic nominations this month, see them all below:
"Sheri Vardy is an excellent worker. She is always on time and consistent in her work. She is a role model with new workers! We always get good reports about her, she always does what she is told and she is an intergral part of the team.
Sheri is a general all round great worker."
"Subagini Gowrykanthan is reliable (no days off sick since starting!) and has excellent communcation. She was on the seasonal line and was transferred to an all year round line, usually reserved for experienced staff, after 1 week. She is already in the client's long term plans and has only been there 9 weeks"
Kath Prigmore has received praise from our client:
"our HR manager has commented on the positive effect Kath has on the rest of the team. We are currently undergoing an HPO program which Kath has been involved in, Kath is very engaging and appreciative of every aspect of her job role and certainly contributes to us as a High Performing Organization" T. Harwood, Logistics Manager
Barnsley's 2nd Nomination
Doina Barbulescu nominated by our client.
"For me Doina has been exceptional. She is really hard working, doing manual carrying for 12 the shifts – and those empty kegs aren't light!"
Our client made a nomination from our Barnsley branch…. "I would like to nominate Lakuwinda Cheema.
He worked really well down in injection moulding and we nearly let him go due to a downturn in production. Not wanting to loose his commitment, enthusiasm and reliability we moved him into extrusion. He's settled into the new role really well and has made a great impression on his new team and both supervisors he's worked for speak very highly of him. He has good attention to detail and is eager to learn more about how the department and various machines operate. He's constantly keeping himself busy and if he can't find anything to do he'll always ask for something. "
Our Worksop branch nominated Pedro Rosado from CPL , alongside a comment from Andy Comery the Production manager. "We've put extra responsibility on Pedro the last couple of weeks to lead the packing team on Line C, and I must say I've been very impressed with how he's conducted himself in doing this. All production and downtime sheets are filled out accurately and correctly, The trading Standards check weighing is being done correctly, and his Team leader skills have been bringing the best out of his team, which has shown In the production numbers.
"We have nominated Callum Bird for worker of the month because he has excelled in the past few months. He has taken on a large volume of work by running a new picking line, becoming a valued member of the team and has taken a lot of responsibilities in doing so. We have had great feedback from Ward and all his supervisors and colleagues and we feel like he deserves some recognition from Essential Recruitment as well as Ward" – Long Eaton Team
"Callum Bird has proven to become one of the key members on the new Zorba picking line. Callum has taken on a team leader role without being asked. I certainly feel he deserves recognition for all the hard work getting the Zorba performing as it should. Today Callum has been a great help with the removal and installation of the new ECS machine at the Ilkeston yard." – Adam Hissitt, ASR Manager,


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Nose and Sinus Cancers
What to Expect After Treatment is Completed
Once you have made it through treatment, you need to have close follow-up with your doctor. This follow-up plan is recommended after being treated for a head and neck cancer:
- Visit your head and neck specialist on a regular schedule (or earlier if you have any concerning symptoms). This allows your doctor to examine you for any signs that the cancer has come back. Physical exams for mucosal melanoma patients should include an endoscopy to check for disease in the paranasal sinuses.
- For the first year, you should go every one to three months.
- For the second year, you should go every two to six months.
- For the third to fifth year, you should go every four to eight months.
- After five years, you can start going every year.
- Your doctor may select a scan to be performed in the first 6 months after treatment. The first scan serves as a "baseline" study for the purpose of comparing future studies. This will depend on the type and location of your cancer. Imaging may include CT scans, MRI scans and PET scans. If something suspicious comes up, you might need another biopsy.
- Consider chest imaging to check for any signs of lung cancer if you have an extensive smoking history.
- Check your thyroid function every six to twelve months if you have had radiation to the neck area.
- Get help with a therapist as needed for difficulties with speaking, hearing and swallowing.
- See a specialist about appropriate nutrition and diet.
- Alert your doctor if you experience any signs of depression.
- Stop smoking and stop drinking.
- See a dentist.
1 Dulguerov P, Jacobsen MS, Allal AS, Lehmann W, Calcaterra T. Nasal and paranasal sinus carcinoma: are we making progress? A series of 220 patients and a systematic review. Cancer. 2001 Dec 15;92(12):3012-29.
2 Leclerc A, Martinez Cortes M, Gérin M, Luce D, Brugère J. Sinonasal cancer and wood dust exposure: results from a case-control study. Am J Epidemiol. 1994 Aug 15;140(4):340-9.
3 Brinton LA, Blot WJ, Becker JA, Winn DM, Browder JP, Farmer Jr JC, Fraumeni Jr JF. A case-control study of cancers of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. Am J Epidemiol. 1984 Jun;119(6):896-906.
4 Battista G, Comba P, Orsi D, Norpoth K, Maier A . Nasal cancer in leather workers: an occupational disease. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 1995;121(1):1-6.
5 Spiro RH, Thaler HT, Hicks WF, Kher UA, Huvos AH, Strong EW. The importance of clinical staging of minor salivary gland carcinoma. Am J Surg. 1991 Oct;162(4):330-6.
6 Katz TS, Mendenhall WM, Morris CG, Amdur RJ, Hinerman RW, Villaret DB. Malignant tumors of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. Head Neck. 2002 Sep;24(9):821-9.
7 Wieneke JA, Thompson LD, Wenig BM. Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma of the sinonasal tract. Cancer. 1999 Feb 15;85(4):841-54.
8 Marcus DM, Marcus RP, Prabhu RS, Owonikoko TK, Lawson DH, Switchenko J, Beitler JJ. Rising incidence of mucosal melanoma of the head and neck in the United States. J Skin Cancer. 2012;2012:231693. doi: 10.1155/2012/231693. Epub 2012 Dec 2.
9 Edge SB, et al. The AJCC Cancer Staging Manual – Seventh Edition. American Joint Committee on Cancer 2010. Chapter 9: Mucosal Melanoma of the Head and Neck.
10 Ejaz A, Wenig BM. Sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma: clinical and pathologic features and a discussion on classification, cellular differentiation, and differential diagnosis. Adv Anat Pathol. 2005 May;12(3):134-43.
11 Perez-Ordonez B, Caruana SM, Huvos AG, Shah JP. Small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. Hum Pathol. 1998 Aug;29(8):826-32.
12 Spiro JD, Soo KC, Spiro RH. Nonsquamous cell malignant neoplasms of the nasal cavities and paranasal sinuses. Head Neck. 1995;17:114-118.
13 Al-Mamgani A, van Rooij P, Mehilal R, Tans L, Levendag PC. Combined-modality treatment improved outcome in sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma: single-institutional experience of 21 patients and review of the literature. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2013;270(1):293-299. doi:10.1007/s00405-012-2008-5
14 Amin M, Edge S, Greene F, et al. (2017). AJCC Cancer Staging Manual, 8th ed. New York: Springer.
15 Chen AM, Daly ME, Bucci MK, et al. Carcinomas of the paranasal sinuses and nasal cavity treated with radiotherapy at a single institution over five decades: are we making improvement? Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2007;69(1):141-147. doi:10.1016/j.ijrobp.2007.02.031
16 Dirix P, Nuyts S, Geussens Y, et al. Malignancies of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses: long-term outcome with conventional or three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2007;69(4):1042-1050. doi:10.1016/j.ijrobp.2007.04.044
17 Dulguerov P, Jacobsen MS, Allal AS, Lehmann W, Calcaterra T. Nasal and paranasal sinus carcinoma: are we making progress? A series of 220 patients and a systematic review. Cancer. 2001;92(12):3012-3029. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11753979.
18 McLean JN, Nunley SR, Klass C, Moore C, Müller S, Johnstone PAS. Combined modality therapy of esthesioneuroblastoma. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2007;136(6):998-1002. doi:10.1016/j.otohns.2006.11.051
19 Mourad WF, Hauerstock D, Shourbaji RA, et al. Trimodality management of sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma and review of the literature. Am J Clin Oncol. 2013;36(6):584-588. doi:10.1097/COC.0b013e31825eb3a5
20 Ock C-Y, Keam B, Kim TM, et al. Induction chemotherapy in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma of the paranasal sinus and nasal cavity: a role in organ preservation. Korean J Intern Med. 2016;31(3):570-578. doi:10.3904/kjim.2015.020
21 Porceddu S, Martin J, Shanker G, et al. Paranasal sinus tumors: Peter MacCallum Cancer Institute experience. Head Neck. 2004;26(4):322-330. doi:10.1002/hed.10388
22 Cohen, E. E., LaMonte, S. J., Erb, N. L., Beckman, K. L., Sadeghi, N. , Hutcheson, K. A., Stubblefield, M. D., Abbott, D. M., Fisher, P. S., Stein, K. D., Lyman, G. H. and Pratt‐Chapman, M. L. (2016), American Cancer Society Head and Neck Cancer Survivorship Care Guideline. CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, 66: 203-239. doi:10.3322/caac.21343
23 Homer, J., F.R.C.S., Jones, N., F.R.C.S., & Bradley, P., F.R.C.S. (1997). The role of endoscopy in the management of nasal neoplasia. American Journal of Rhinology & Allergy, 11(1), 41-48. doi:10.2500/105065897781446757