text:
Public health authorities in Romania are awaiting results from analysis of new suspected bird flu cases. The agriculture ministry in Bucharest said earlier tests on three ducks owned by a local family showed positive. The zone, in the Danube Delta region, has been put under quarantine and suspect birds are being culled. The samples have been sent to a laboratory in the UK for further analysis.
The wetlands of the Delta are an important area for birds migrating from Russia and northern Europe. This week's meeting of top medical experts on the threat has prompted the US government to take urgent steps against a possible pandemic. Although the virus is affecting birds now, there is concern it could mutate into the H5N1 strain which can be lethal to humans. Washington is urging countries concerned to step up public health controls.


text:
However, relying on natural ways to boost brain power can be the best bet you can choose rather than relying on some unsafe methods. This is what Brahmpushpi capsules are all about and these capsules possess the following features:
Features of Brahmpushpi capsules: To increase memory and concentration, individuals can rely on these herbal memory supplements as they are safe with all-natural ingredients. They can:
1. Help with improving concentration, focus, learning ability and alertness.
2. Stimulate blood circulation to the brain and can regulate central nervous system
3. Improve metabolism of brain tissues.
4. Delay the process of aging of brain cells.
5. Activate brain cells and can promote recovery of functions of brain.
6. Improve the health of brain by providing the right nutrition needed for healthy brain functioning.
7. Improve memory with unique herbal ingredients.
How about ingredients?
Brahmpushpi capsules are called as herbal brain power supplements because they contain herbs as ingredients. Let us gather details about the role played by some ingredients to increase memory and concentration:
1. Shatavari is a potent herb that can bring many benefits to the overall health of humans and this ingredient will play a major role towards improving the functioning of the brain as well.
2. Jyotishmati can play an important role in improving intelligence.
3. Brahmi is popularly known for its ability to improve memory and mental health. As it is a brain tonic, it is a generally suggested herb for individuals looking for natural ways to boost brain power.
4. Jatamansi is effective in dealing with neuropsychiatric and skin disorders, thereby forming part of Brahmpushpi capsules.
5. Rajat Bhasma is an ayurvedic preparation that will help with addressing memory loss and dizziness.
6. Swarna Bhasma is also an ayurvedic preparation known for its many benefits to the humans. Its ability to increase memory and concentration made it the part of Brahmpushpi capsules.
7. Salabmisri can play an important role in improving overall vitality, inclusive of the vitality of brain.
8. Brahmadandi is stated to be a brain tonic and it can strengthen the nervous system to improve brain functions.
9. Shankpushpi is known for its sedative properties and so it can induce good sleep at nights. Only when humans can sleep well at nights, they can concentrate on works on the following day with ease. This is the reason behind its addition to natural ways to boost brain power.
With all these ingredients, Brahmpushpi capsules can play a major role in the health of individuals looking for safe ways to increase memory and concentration.

subset: commoncrawl


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Snowshoe Saturday – 2/16/19
Lac Lawrann will host its second snowshoe Saturday of the month on February 16, 2019 from 10:00 AM to 2:00 PM. Bring your own or borrow a pair of Lac Lawrann's snowshoes and poles. We have a...read more
Winter Wonders Luminary Walk – 1/19/19
January 19, 2019 5:00-7:00 pm Free admission. Warm drinks and snacks will be available for purchase. Lac Lawrann Conservancy will be having our Winter Luminary Walk in conjunction with the West Bend...read more


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Phedikhola is a Gaunpalika in Syangja District in the Province No. 4 of Nepal. In 12 march 2017, the government of Nepal implemented a new local administrative structure, with the implementation of the new local administrative structure, VDCs have been replaced with municipal and Village Councils. Phedikhola is one of these 744 local units. Phedikhola is created by merging Bagephatake, Bhatkhola, Arukharka & Fedikhola itself.
Phedhikhola SmartPalika Web Application
Phedhikhola Rural Municipality SmartPalika Web Application' shows how a village can get its Optimum Utilization of technology to create a unified village community and become a Pioneer itself in the entire Nation as the Technology Initiation in Rural Villages can contribute in Development and Progress of the Country. This Application is a medium to integrate the entire Development factors of Rural Municipality (Gaunpalika) together and to make people comfortable with the use of Technology and embrace it so as to switch into sophisticated modern technology in near future to entirely create the Phedhikhola GaunPalika a Smart Village. A real example of Technology changing lives of people and nation.
Phedhikhola SmartPalika Mobile Application
An Android Mobile App designed with the aim of providing service to local people of Ruler Municipality. The basic features of mobile app are:
- Designed for Public User
- Hello Phedhikhol (People to Mayor Message )
- Online Registration Services (Birth, Marriage, Migration, Death)
- Janata Connect (Ward Office to People Message )
- E-meeting (Meeting with different wards and representative)
- JanaPratinidhi Connect (Communication within Representative)
- Data Upload (pdf, word, image and bills)
- Village Profile Report (Details about Village including Demographics, Age, Religion and Other)


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Capital Street Inter markets Limited is a Global Business Company (GBC1) incorporated and regulated by the Financial Services Commission, Mauritius. It is fully licensed and regulated by the FSC Mauritius, as a Full Services Investment Dealer....
9th Floor, Ebene Tower, 52 Cybercity Ebene, Republic of Mauritius
Sunday: Closed
S&P 500 futures are currently trading at 2667.50- higher by 1.14% as compared to the previous close. The index futures closed in positive territory in the last trading session also.
U.S. stocks rose midday Friday, as investors shook off downbeat results from Intel and focused on a broadly positive picture painted by earnings season so far. Equities neared their highs of the day on early indications that President Trump might announce an agreement on Friday afternoon to reopen the government on a temporary basis. Additionally, speculation that the Federal Reserve may end its balance sheet, unwind sooner than expected also added to the bullish tone.
Treasury Secretary Steven Mnuchin also projected confidence about the status of trade negotiations between the U.S. and China in comments to Reuters. Treasury Secretary Mnuchin said both sides were "making a lot of progress" in the talks.
Starbucks stock gained 2.73% as the company reported strong sales and earnings growth for its first quarter report. Western Digital Corp. rallied 5.5% after the company's management said it expected revenue to rise in the second half of 2019.
Other top gainers in the index include- Micron Technology (up 6.5%), Seagate (up 6.4%), American Airlines (up 4.8%) and Autodesk (up 4.3%).
On the other hand, Index-member Intel fell 5.18% after missing revenue estimates. The company also gave weak guidance for first quarter of 2019.
On the technical front, the RSI is currently at 62.93% and suggests that the market can move in the upward direction. The current price is above the MA5 (2640.40). The current price is above the middle line of the Bollinger Bands and is heading upwards.
Overall Bias is Positive and Short-term trades can be initiated with tight Stop Loss and Take Profit targets.
Trade Suggestion-Limit Buy At 2660, Take Profit At 2690 Stop Loss At 2645
This website is owned and operated by Capital Street Intermarkets Limited, Level 6 GFin Tower, 42 Hotel Street Cybercity Mauritius. Capital Street Intermarkets Limited is a GBC authorized and regulated by the Financial Services Commission(FSC) of Mauritius as a Full Services Securities Dealer with the licence number C112010690.


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There are a lot of acronyms used in technical language, particularly when it comes to marketing online through social media, websites, and other forms of online advertising. While it is good to know what PPC (Pay Per Click) and SMM (Social Media Marketing) stands for, it is vital to have... read more →
Aug 27
Aug 23
One of the many benefits of joining EcoTech Visions through our membership is the access you have to expertise and resources to not just launch your green business but to continue to grow your business. Many first-time business owners spend a lot of time in marketing and promoting the launch... read more →
Aug 21
The internet offers a virtual global marketplace for businesses in all sectors. For the companies working with the EcoTech Visions green business incubator, the ability to utilize the internet to promote your products and services is not only a practical choice, but it is a green choice, which is a... read more →
Aug 20
One of the challenges that many of the small businesses and entrepreneurs we work with at EcoTech Visions face is understanding the process and the value in branding. Branding is a buzzword that is used a lot on blogs, in marketing seminars, and even by online "gurus" trying to sell... read more →
Aug 19
There are a lot of innovators and entrepreneurs with a vision in the Miami area as well as throughout South Florida. However, few have the unique approach to creating a company that really makes a difference throughout the city and even across the country and the world. A prime example... read more →
Aug 16
Now in its largest location in the Miami area, EcoTech Visions has found a permanent home. This unique green business incubator and makers space is the cumulation of years of hard work and focus by founder and president, Pandwe Gibson. Located in the Green Corridor in Miami and offering... read more →
Aug 14
When Pandwe Gibson first came to Miami, she began promoting her idea for a green business incubator located in the city. Her goals were to create an all in one space for small businesses and entrepreneurs to transition from typical types of production and services into green, environmentally friendly... read more →
Aug 13
At present time, EcoTech Visions has assisted more than 75 businesses to develop their idea, access product development support, and light manufacturing, and to learn more about marketing, networking and growing their green economy company. Many people do not know that the driving force behind this one of a kind... read more →
Aug 07
Recycling has become a normal part of our lives now. Unfortunately, many items that we intended for the recycling center have also ended up in the landfill due to contamination. To ensure that our recycled items are being used to create other materials, we need to keep our recycle bins... read more →
Aug 05
According to a recent study, 79% of all plastic waste generated since the 1950s have been found in landfills. Another study determined that 48.5% of all packaging waste produced from 1994 to 2012 ended up in landfills. With the rise of the publics' awareness of various environmental issues, many companies... read more →
Aug 01
Globally, 1.3 billion people lack access to electricity with 600 million residing in sub-Saharan Africa and 300 million residing in India. However, countries like India and China are also industrializing quickly which means that the total demand and consumption of electricity is also increasing. Since it is understood that traditional... read more →
Jul 31
According to a recently published report from the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), one in nine people -- that is around 12% of our global population or 821 million people-- go hungry everyday. Additionally, of the countries that experienced severe droughts since 2005, 36% also suffered... read more →
Jul 30
Immediately upon meeting Pandwe Gibson, her knowledge of green technology and business innovations is apparent. At the same time, it is impossible not to notice her sense of commitment to people in the community, and particularly people who have not had the opportunities to train for careers in underserved areas... read more →
Jul 29
At EcoTech Visions, we think about ways to not just continue on or expand a Greentech concept; we look for new and innovative options that have a definite benefit to the world around us. From our location at EcoTech Visions in the Green Corridor of Miami, our goal is to... read more →
Jul 25
We make decisions everyday that cause harm to our environment; especially when our houses and workspaces are full of items that'll add to the waste polluting our Earth. Fortunately, more people are making environmentally conscious purchases which can help reduce the amount of waste we create. Whether you're at home,... read more →
Jul 22
There are some people that seem to have a gift for identifying a problem and then creating a solution that not only fixes the issue, but that provides real, significant improvement. Pandwe A. Gibson is one of these people. Dr. Gibson has been an innovator both in her role as... read more →
Jul 18
At EcoTech Visions, we work with several entrepreneurs and small business moving from traditional models of food production to highly innovative and sustainable types of production. Our Farmtech businesses look to maximize the use of naturally occurring conditions, limiting the use of energy, chemicals, or other types of products that... read more →
Jul 17
One of the unique aspects of the companies that meet and work at EcoTech Miami Gardens is a focus on what is going on around the world in the areas of sustainable energy and production methods. Businesses in the Energytech sector at https://ecotechvisions.com/ can study how different countries are using... read more →
Jul 16
In the Miami area, small businesses and entrepreneurs trying to get into the green manufacturing industry now have a place to turn. EcoTech Visions, an innovative concept launched by Dr. Pandwe Gibson, offers over 24,000 square feet of offices, meeting rooms, computer labs, manufacturing space, and even a complete prototyping... read more →
Jul 15
Terraforming may be a term that is familiar to those who are avid fans of science fiction, but it may not be as far off as people assume. As a general definition, terraforming is the ability to create a habitable environment in a place where there is currently no ability... read more →
Jul 11
A few years ago, the idea of EcoTech Miami Gardens was in its early stages of development by Dr. Panda Gibson. Today, EcoTech Visions is a thriving business and foundation within the Green Corridor of Miami, and its impact on the city and the surrounding area is already being noted.... read more →
Jul 09
Ecopreneurs are entrepreneurs who have committed their businesses to being "green". They have business concerns like every entrepreneur. But their priorities are different and expanded. Ecopreneurs care about Planet, People and Profit in that order. They create green businesses that operate sustainably, ensuring they don't contribute to environmental problems and... read more →
Jul 05
The city of New Orleans has seen a lot of changes, but perhaps none as dramatic as the changes that occurred after Hurricane Katrina. While teaching in California and working on her Ph.D., Pandwe Gibson immediately felt that she simply had to help out. Originally Pandwe Gibson from New Orleans... read more →
Jul 01
Dr. Pandwe Gibson is a true innovator and industry leader in the Miami area. She is the Founder and President of EcoTech Visions, a unique type of company. EcoTech Visions is designed with the sole purpose of assisting small businesses and entrepreneurs in the green industry to move from concept... read more →
Jun 28
One of the challenges we have at EcoTech in Miami Gardens is letting people in the community know the services we offer. While EcoTech has changed and moved over the years from Dr. Gibson's original location, it is still designed on her original vision of creating a community of eco-friendly... read more →
Jun 24
Are you a small business owner in the Miami area with an idea or a concept to create a green product, service, or manufacturing process? Are you an entrepreneur with an idea for a new product or service but limited access to funding to get started? If you answered yes... read more →
Jun 20
There are some people that make a significant improvement in the world they live in. Dr. Pandwe A. Gibson is one such person. Dr. Gibson moved to the Miami area and immediately noticed the lack of opportunities for green businesses, particularly those that were startup businesses or small Mom and... read more →
Jun 17
EcoTech Miami Gardens is a unique space that is designed to assist small business owners and entrepreneurs in developing, marketing and launching green manufacturing businesses. Founded by Dr. Pandwe Gibson, it is an incubator and a maker space, offering memberships or "a la carte" services to individuals interested in creating... read more →
Jun 11
In the past, through to the present, agriculture, including traditional and more recent developments of food production, has always been an industry with a large carbon footprint. Not only has the agricultural equipment been an issue with contributing to pollution, but the farming and food production practices have not been... read more →
May 28
Mobile technology has been one of the most important driving forces of innovation around the world in the past couple of decades. Blockchain, for its part, is more recent but has also made a significant mark on several industries. It's clear then, that these two technologies offer immense potential if... read more →
Apr 24
Apr 02
WASHINGTON (CN) – Giving the crisis of climate change political import, national-security experts warned lawmakers Tuesday about how governments become vulnerable to terrorism as drought begets disease and otherwise cripples global economies. "I'm not making the case that climate is the direct cause, but it certainly is a significant indirect cause... read more →
Apr 01
Women inventors, long overlooked, are churning out more patents than ever By Michelle Lou and Brandon Griggs, CNN Design: Max Pepper, CNN (CNN)If you've used Wi-Fi, windshield wipers or a dishwasher -- and who hasn't? -- you have a woman to thank. Male inventors such as Henry Ford, Nikola... read more →
Feb 20
TechCrunch always comes to people's minds when they think startup or tech news. The tech media company has definitely maintained its strong market position, and for the first-time ever TechCrunch is coming to Miami on Feb 23 to host one of its signature Meetup+Pitch-Off events at the Paris Theater. The... read more →
Feb 15
Black inventors have paved the way for many entrepreneurs and business people alike. This Black History Month, we want to highlight the great work that has been done. Some of these individuals do not get the recognition they deserve and are considered hidden figures. Please enjoy the list we have... read more →
Feb 13
Donald Trump has made some sweeping changes since he was sworn in as President of the United States on January 20, 2017. Trump hasn't held the office more than a month yet, but his administration and Congress have made decisions that will have a lasting impact on our environment. With... read more →
Jan 23
Miami-Dade County and the cities of Miami and Miami Beach collectively as Greater Miami and the Beaches is unprepared when it comes to responding to a disaster or public health threat and that's why the Rockefeller Foundation has selected our fair city to become a member in their 100 Resilient... read more →
Jan 19
Underground silos are built to launch Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles – three African American women served as the brains that assisted NASA in launching John Glen into orbit and on January 18th Dr. Pandwe Gibson launched her Eco Tech Visions 2017 business incubator to create an ecosystem to help sustain the... read more →
Jan 10
Imagine being at a dinner party with wall street bankers and one of the well known stock brokers makes a reference to his brokerage firm. The room immediately gets quiet as everyone anticipates hearing what he has to say. This was the backdrop for the E.F. Hutton television commercials during... read more →
Jan 04
Whether you're already an entrepreneur or aspiring to become one, we've compiled a list of tips to help you start off a successful year. Below are a few suggestions that we all need to adhere to beginning with taking care of our sanctuary [heart, mind, body, soul and spirit]. We can... read more →
Dec 21
Tis the season to be eco friendly – Fa, la, la, la, la, la, la, la, la! Deck the hall with boughs [tree branches] of holly [an evergreen tree] – Fa, la, la, la, la, la, la, la, la! This year please make sure that you purchase an eco friendly... read more →
Dec 14
Scott Pruitt, Oklahoma Attorney General, has been waging a silent war against President Obama and his environmental policies right under our noses. To make matters worse - the bomb won't detonate until Pruitt is sworn in as the chief of the Environmental Protection Agency [EPA]. The attorney general is intended... read more →
Dec 12
The Army Corps of Engineers didn't grant the Dakota Access Pipeline [DAPL] an easement to cross under Lake Oahe, which is intended to go from North Dakota to Illinois, because Native Americans and environmental protesters are thoroughly convinced the pipeline would jeopardize the water source of the reservation – the... read more →
Dec 08
This week is Computer Science Education Week (CSE Week), which is an annual program dedicated to inspiring students to take an interest in computer science. Computer science and coding are vital in the digital age. Everyday items we use such as computers, phones, calculators and microwaves rely on code to... read more →
Dec 02
In Part 3 of our Sustainability in Miami series, we interview the Whitman Family Development. In this series, we highlight the sustainability efforts of Miami and the community leaders helping move this forward. At EcoTech Visions, we are focused on creating jobs, sustaining communities and preserving the planet. There are other impactful businesses... read more →
Nov 25
In Part 2 of our Sustainability in Miami series, we highlight Brickell City Center. In this series, we highlight the sustainability efforts of Miami and the community leaders helping move this forward. At EcoTech Visions, we are focused on creating jobs, sustaining communities and preserving the planet. There are other amazing businesses... read more →
Nov 18
In our latest initiative, we wanted to highlight the sustainability efforts of Miami and the community leaders helping move this forward. At EcoTech Visions, we are focused on creating jobs, sustaining communities and preserving the planet. There are other amazing businesses in Miami that have similar missions and if we all... read more →
Nov 07
This past weekend we hosted our first Hackathon, Hack 4 Power. We invited South Florida hackers to develop tech-based tools to help the Miami-Dade Transit Authority and enhance the online presence of local small businesses. On November 4 and 5, teams undertook the challenge of developing websites, applications and platform... read more →
Jun 06
Check out this fantastic profile by Nancy Dahlberg running today in Miami Herald Business Monday section! http://www.miamiherald.com/news/business/small-business/article81860872.html
May 24
Social Entrepreneurship is a concept that has recently gained popularity as people are realizing they can align their passion with entrepreneurship and increase their likelihood to succeed. Based on my experience, these are the top three tips that apply whether you work for a company or are starting your own... read more →
May 09
A couple of weeks ago, I stumbled across this article: "Farm to Fable: A Times investigation into Tampa Bay's local food scene" in the Tampa Bay Times. The investigative article series begins with the line: "If you eat food, you are being lied to every day." Being in the green/sustainability... read more →
Apr 18
Whatever your business, you're making an impact when it comes to serving your customers, but are you also serving the planet? The steps you take as a business can have a lasting impact beyond your service or product offerings. Here are five creative ways for your business to include eco-conscious... read more →
Apr 11
EcoTech Visions is hosting our 2nd Annual #Localis Digital Conference on April 28, 2016! #Localis is a fun, digital conference taking place on social media that focuses on the meaning and impact of living locally and supporting local green businesses. Conference topics to include: Solar Technology How the Non-Profit Sector... read more →
Apr 04
There's a myth that shopping local, eating organic or going green costs more money. The reality is incorporating these habits actually saves money over time. Here are three ways that going green can help you save some green! Reduce, Reuse and Recycle paper, plastics, and metals. There are specific dump... read more →
Mar 28
The term Eco actually has multiple meanings depending on the usage: Ecological can be the root which means interactions of organisms on earth to one another and to the environment. To put it simply, how people, animals and the planet coexist. Often this comes from the school of thought that... read more →
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Welcome to Sylvania FirstUntil Further Notice, Services will be ONLINE ONLYYou can click here for links.
No matter where you come from or what you've done, no matter what you're into or what you're looking for, we welcome you here. When we look at you, we see God's image. Your voice matters to God and to us. We're glad you stopped by and hope you will find the promise of your life with God with us.
Join us this Sunday
Front Title
Wholly Worship
We bring our whole selves to worship to be immersed in Christ's holy-making power. This service draws from the whole of our tradition across time. Led by our wonderful choir, organ, piano and bells, with liturgical prayer and strong preaching, we are drawn into the presence of God to be made whole.
Faith Formation
Sylvania First is a great place for all ages to grow in their faith. Children, youth, and adults all have their own opportunities during the 9:30 Wholly Worship time.
A safe, loving environment can help guide each individual into a relationship with God and also with others who walk alongside.
During the 11:00 Experience! Worship, all generations worship and learn together with a unique experience in Common Ground while a traditional Bible Study for adults is also meeting.
Experience! Worship
We Experience! worship with children of all ages. Our unique inter-generational blend helps us to Experience! Christ face to face in a hands-on way. Led by our exceptional Praise Band with conversational prayer and interactive preaching, we Experience! the power of Christ to make us new.
Current Sermon Series:
In the Wilderness
Rev.Laura Bensman
A Sorrowful Journey
John 11:20-29, 32-36


text:
Advanced Epidemiological Methods Seminar
Estimated cost: R5001 – R10 000
Field Of Study: Epidemiological Methods
Department Name: DSI-NRF Centre of Excellence in Epidemiological Modelling and Analysis SACEMA
Objectives:4. Throughout the course we will focus on the core concepts of validity and precision and will further develop our understanding of these central concepts. 1. Introductory and intermediate courses in epidemiological methods teach students the concepts needed to begin a career conducting valid epidemiological research; however these courses typically only briefly cover the causal models that should underlie the design of valid epidemiological studies. We will use these models as a jumping-off point to begin rethinking what we have already learned and to go further in our understanding of basic concepts of measures of effect, confounding, misclassification and selection bias. 2. From there we will begin to question the implications of various sources of bias in our studies and we will work through novel methods and approaches for doing more than simply speculating about these biases. 5. We will emphasize the development of skills that every doctoral level epidemiologist should have, skills that are both practical and marketable. 3. We will then finish by exploring the basic statistics used in epidemiological research and we will correct misunderstandings about what these statistics can tell us.
Entry Requirement: Professional 4-year Bachelor's degree /Bachelor Honours degree or Equivalent Qualification
Certificate Type: Attendance
Delivery Mode: Contact
Duration: 4 days
Presentation Language: English
Contact Person Name: L Scheepers
Contact Person Email: email@example.com
Contact Person Phone: (021) 808 2780
Latest Year Offered: 2018


text:
- Dutch
- Frisian
- Afrikaans
- Dutch
- Phonology
- Segment inventory
- Phonotactics
- Phonological processes
- Phonology-morphology interface
- Word stress
- Primary stress in simplex words
- Monomorphemic words
- Diachronic aspects
- Generalizations on stress placement
- Default penultimate stress
- Lexical stress
- The closed penult restriction
- Final closed syllables
- The diphthong restriction
- Superheavy syllables (SHS)
- The three-syllable window
- Segmental restrictions
- Phonetic correlates
- Stress shifts in loanwords
- Quantity-sensitivity
- Secondary stress
- Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables
- Stress in complex words
- Compound stress vs. primary word stress
- Compounds with 2 constituents
- Compounds with more than 2 constituents
- Prefixed words
- Stress-neutral suffixes
- Stress-bearing suffixes
- Stress-shifting suffixes
- Stress shifts
- Lexicalized phrases
- Primary stress in simplex words
- Accent & intonation
- Clitics
- Spelling
- Morphology
- Word formation
- Compounding
- Nominal compounds
- Verbal compounds
- Adjectival compounds
- Affixoids
- Coordinative compounds
- Synthetic compounds
- Reduplicative compounds
- Phrase-based compounds
- Elative compounds
- Exocentric compounds
- Linking elements
- Separable complex verbs (SCVs)
- Gapping of complex words
- Particle verbs
- Copulative compounds
- Derivation
- Numerals
- Derivation: inputs and input restrictions
- The meaning of affixes
- Non-native morphology
- Cohering and non-cohering affixes
- Prefixation
- Suffixation
- Nominal suffixation: person nouns
- Conversion
- Pseudo-participles
- Bound forms
- Nouns
- Nominal prefixes
- Nominal suffixes
- -aal and -eel
- -aar
- -aard
- -aat
- -air
- -aris
- -ast
- Diminutives
- -dom
- -een
- -ees
- -el (nominal)
- -elaar
- -enis
- -er (nominal)
- -erd
- -erik
- -es
- -eur
- -euse
- ge...te
- -heid
- -iaan, -aan
- -ief
- -iek
- -ier
- -ier (French)
- -ière
- -iet
- -igheid
- -ij and allomorphs
- -ijn
- -in
- -ing
- -isme
- -ist
- -iteit
- -ling
- -oir
- -oot
- -rice
- -schap
- -schap (de)
- -schap (het)
- -sel
- -st
- -ster
- -t
- -tal
- -te
- -voud
- Verbs
- Adjectives
- Adverbs
- Univerbation
- Neo-classical word formation
- Construction-dependent morphology
- Morphological productivity
- Compounding
- Inflection
- Nouns
- Verbs
- Adjectives
- Pronouns
- Articles
- Inflection and derivation
- Allomorphy
- The interface between phonology and morphology
- Word formation
- Syntax
- Preface and acknowledgements
- Verbs and Verb Phrases
- 1 Characterization and classification
- Introduction
- 1.1. General characterization
- 1.2. Verb classifications
- 1.3. Inflection
- 1.4. Mood
- 1.5. Tense, epistemic modality and aspect
- 2 Projection of verb phrases I:Argument structure
- Introduction
- 2.1. Nominal arguments
- 2.2. Complementives (secondary predicates)
- 2.3. PP-complements (prepositional objects)
- 2.4. AP-complements
- 2.5. Special verbs
- 2.6. Bibliographical notes
- 3 Projection of verb phrases II:Verb frame alternations
- Introduction
- 3.1. Main types
- 3.2. Alternations involving the external argument
- 3.2.1. Passivization
- 3.2.2. Middle Formation
- 3.2.3. Causative alternation (causative-inchoative alternation)
- 3.3. Alternations of noun phrases and PPs
- 3.3.1. Dative/PP alternations (dative shift)
- 188.8.131.52. Dative alternation with aan-phrases (recipients)
- 184.108.40.206. Dative alternation with naar-phrases (goals)
- 18.104.22.168. Dative alternation with van-phrases (sources)
- 18.104.22.168. Dative alternation with bij-phrases (possessors)
- 126.96.36.199. Dative alternation with voor-phrases (benefactives)
- 220.127.116.11. Conclusion
- 22.214.171.124. Bibliographical notes
- 3.3.2. Accusative/PP alternations
- 3.3.3. Nominative/PP alternations
- 3.3.1. Dative/PP alternations (dative shift)
- 3.4. Some apparent cases of verb frame alternation
- 3.5. Bibliographical notes
- 4 Projection of verb phrases IIIa:Selection of clauses/verb phrases
- Introduction
- 4.1. Semantic types of finite argument clauses
- 4.2. Finite and infinitival argument clauses
- 4.3. Control properties of verbs selecting an infinitival clause
- 4.4. Three main types of infinitival argument clauses
- 4.5. Non-main verbs
- 4.6. The distinction between main and non-main verbs
- 5 Projection of verb phrases IIIb:Argument and complementive clauses
- Introduction
- 5.1. Finite argument clauses
- 5.1.1. General introduction
- 5.1.2. Direct object clauses
- 5.1.3. Subject clauses
- 5.1.4. Prepositional object clauses?
- 5.1.5. Fragment clauses
- 5.1.6. Wh-extraction from argument clauses
- 5.1.7. Independently used argument clauses
- 5.1.8. Bibliographical notes
- 5.2. Infinitival argument clauses
- 5.2.1. Om + te-infinitivals
- 5.2.2. Te-infinitivals
- 5.2.3. Bare infinitivals
- 5.2.4. Bibliographical notes
- 5.3. Complementive clauses
- 6 Projection of verb phrases IIIc:Complements of non-main verbs
- Introduction
- 6.1. Characteristics and typology of non-main verbs
- 6.2. Non-main verbs selecting a participle
- 6.3. Non-main verbs selecting a te-infinitive
- 6.4. Non-main verbs selecting a bare infinitive
- 7 Projection of verb phrases IIId:Verb clusters
- Introduction
- 7.1. Recognizing verb clusters
- 7.2. The hierarchical order of verbs in verb clusters
- 7.3. The linear order of verbs in verb clusters
- 7.4. Permeation of verb clusters
- 7.5. Bibliographical notes
- 8 Projection of verb phrases IV: Adverbial modification
- Introduction
- 8.1. VP adverbials versus clause adverbials
- 8.2. Semantic types of adverbial modifiers
- 8.3. Categorial types of adverbial modifiers
- 8.4. The unmarked order of adverbial modifiers
- 8.5. Obligatory adverbial phrases
- 8.6. Bibliographical notes
- 9 Word order in the clause I:General introduction
- 10 Word order in the clause II:Position of the finite verb (verb-first/second)
- 11 Word order in the clause III:Clause-initial position (wh-movement)
- Introduction
- 11.1. The formation of V1- and V2-clauses
- 11.2. Clause-initial position remains (phonetically) empty
- 11.3. Clause-initial position is filled
- 11.3.1. Wh-questions
- 11.3.2. Relative clauses
- 11.3.3. Topicalization
- 11.3.4. Wh-exclamatives
- 11.3.5. Comparative (sub)deletion
- 11.3.6. Reconstruction
- 11.3.7 Parasitic gaps
- 12 Word order in the clause IV:Postverbal field (extraposition)
- 13 Word order in the clause V: Middle field (scrambling)
- Introduction
- 13.1. Unmarked word orders in the middle field of the clause
- 13.2. A-Scrambling: nominal argument shift
- 13.3. A'-scrambling: negation, focus and topic movement
- 13.4. Weak proform shift
- 13.5. Bibliographical notes
- 14 Main-clause external elements
- 1 Characterization and classification
- Nouns and Noun Phrases
- 1 Characterization and classification
- Introduction
- 1.1. Characterization
- 1.2. Classification
- 1.3. Derivation of nouns
- 1.4. Compounding
- 1.5. Bibliographical notes
- 2 Projection of noun phrases I: complementation
- Introduction
- 2.1. General observations
- 2.2. Prepositional and nominal complements
- 2.2.1. Tests for distinguishing PP-complements from PP-adjuncts
- 2.2.2. Relational nouns
- 2.2.3. Deverbal nouns
- 2.2.4. Deadjectival nouns
- 2.2.5. Picture and story nouns
- 2.2.6. Conclusion
- 2.3. Clausal complements
- 2.4. Bibliographical notes
- 3 Projection of noun phrases II: modification
- Introduction
- 3.1. Restrictive and non-restrictive modifiers
- 3.2. Premodification
- 3.3. Postmodification
- 3.3.1. Adpositional phrases
- 3.3.2. Relative clauses
- 126.96.36.199. General introduction
- 188.8.131.52. The form and function of the relative elements
- 22.214.171.124. Restrictive and non-restrictive relative clauses
- 22.214.171.124. Coordinated antecedents
- 3.3.3. Infinitival clauses
- 3.3.4. A special case: clauses referring to a proposition
- 3.3.5. Adjectival phrases
- 3.3.6. Adverbial postmodification
- 3.4. Bibliographical notes
- 4 Projection of noun phrases III: binominal constructions
- Introduction
- 4.1. Binominal constructions without a preposition
- 4.1.1. Quantificational constructions: een paar boeken 'a couple of books'
- 4.1.2. Non-quantificational constructions: een soort boek 'a kind of book'
- 4.1.3. Other constructions
- 4.2. Binominal constructions with a preposition
- 4.3. Bibliographical notes
- 5 Determiners: articles and pronouns
- Introduction
- 5.1. Articles
- 5.1.1. Noun phrases headed by an article
- 5.1.2. Noun phrases without an article
- 5.1.3. Definite articles with acronyms and abbreviations
- 5.1.4. Deviant semantics
- 5.1.5. The negative article geen 'no'
- 5.2. Pronouns
- 5.2.1. Personal pronouns
- 5.2.2. Possessive pronouns
- 5.2.3. Demonstrative pronouns
- 5.3. Bibliographical notes
- 6 Numerals and quantifiers
- Introduction
- 6.1. Numerals
- 6.2. Quantifiers
- 6.3. Quantitative er
- 6.4. Bibliographical notes
- 7 Pre-determiners
- Introduction
- 7.1. The universal quantifier al 'all' and its alternants
- 7.1.1. Semantics of al and alle 'all'
- 7.1.2. Distribution of al and alle inside the noun phrase
- 7.1.3. Distribution of noun phrases modified by al and alle
- 7.1.4. Distribution of al and alle as independent constituents
- 7.1.5. A special case: Allemaal 'all'
- 7.2. The pre-determiner heel 'all/whole'
- 7.2.1. Semantics of heel 'all/whole'
- 7.2.2. Distribution of heel and its alternants inside the noun phrase
- 7.2.3. Distribution of noun phrases quantified by heel and its alternants
- 7.2.4. Distribution of heel and its alternants as independent constituents
- 7.3. A note on focus particles
- 7.4. Bibliographical notes
- 8 Syntactic uses of noun phrases
- Introduction
- 8.1. Noun phrases as arguments
- 8.2. Predicative use of the noun phrase
- 8.3. Adverbial use of the noun phrase
- 8.4. Bibliographical notes
- 1 Characterization and classification
- Adjectives and Adjective Phrases
- 1 Characteristics and classification
- Introduction
- 1.1. Syntactic uses
- 1.2. Inflection
- 1.3. A semantic classification
- 1.4. Bibliographical notes
- 2 Projection of adjective phrases I: Complementation
- 3 Projection of adjective phrases II: Modification
- Introduction
- 3.1. Modification of scalar adjectives
- 3.2. Modification of absolute adjectives
- 3.3. Negative and affirmative contexts
- 3.4. Pronominalization of the adjective
- 3.5. Special cases
- 3.6. Bibliographical notes
- 4 Projection of adjective phrases III: Comparison
- Introduction
- 4.1. Equative, comparative and superlative formation
- 4.2. Syntactic uses of equatives, comparatives and superlatives
- 4.3. Comparison and degree modification
- 4.4. Pronominalization of the adjective
- 4.5. Bibliographical notes
- 5 Attributive use of the adjective phrase
- 6 Predicative use of the adjective phrase
- Introduction
- 6.1. Logical subjects
- 6.2. Complementive use of the adjective
- 6.3. Supplementive use of the adjective
- 6.4. Appositive use of the adjective
- 6.5. Clausal subjects
- 6.6. PP subjects
- 6.7. AP subjects
- 6.8. Bibliographical notes
- 7 The partitive genitive construction
- Introduction
- 7.1. The structure of the partitive genitive construction
- 7.2. The partitive genitive construction and its constituents
- 7.3. Modification of the adjectival part
- 7.4. Two special cases: iets anders/dergelijks 'something else/similar'
- 7.5. Bibliographical notes
- 8 Adverbial use of the adjective phrase
- 9 Participles and infinitives: their adjectival use
- Introduction
- 9.1. General discussion
- 9.2. Attributive use
- 9.3. Predicative use
- 9.4. Adverbial use
- 9.5. Modification of (pseudo-)participles and deverbal adjectives
- 9.6. Bibliographical notes
- 10 Special constructions
- 1 Characteristics and classification
- Adpositions and adpositional phrases
- 1 Characteristics and classification
- Introduction
- 1.1. Characterization of the category adposition
- 1.2. A formal classification of adpositional phrases
- 1.3. A semantic classification of adpositional phrases
- 1.3.1. Spatial adpositions
- 126.96.36.199. The semantics of spatial adpositions
- 184.108.40.206. Prepositions
- 188.8.131.52. Postpositions
- 220.127.116.11. Circumpositions
- 188.8.131.52. Intransitive adpositions and verbal particles
- 184.108.40.206. Appendix: alternative means of expressing spatial relations
- 1.3.2. Temporal adpositions
- 1.3.3. Non-spatial/temporal prepositions
- 1.3.1. Spatial adpositions
- 1.4. Borderline cases
- 1.5. Bibliographical notes
- 2 Projection of adpositional phrases: Complementation
- Introduction
- 2.1. Nominal complements
- 2.2. Adpositional complements
- 2.3. Adjectival complements
- 2.4. Clausal complements
- 2.5. Absolute PPs
- 2.6. Bibliographical notes
- 3 Projection of adpositional phrases: Modification
- Introduction
- 3.1. Spatial adpositional phrases
- 3.2. Temporal adpositional phrases
- 3.3. Non-spatial/temporal adpositional phrases
- 3.4. Comparative/superlative formation
- 3.5. Some ambiguous constructions
- 3.6. Bibliographical note
- 4 Syntactic uses of the adpositional phrase
- Introduction
- 4.1. Adpositional phrases used as arguments
- 4.2. Predicative use of adpositional phrases
- 4.3. Attributive use of adpositional phrases
- 4.4. Adverbial use of adpositional phrases
- 4.5. Bibliographical notes
- 5 R-pronominalization and R-words
- Introduction
- 5.1. -human restriction on the formation of pronominal PPs
- 5.2. Lexical restrictions on the formation of pronominal PPs
- 5.3. Syntactic restrictions on R-extraction
- 5.4. Idiomatic pronominal PPs
- 5.5. Appendix: The syntax of R-words
- 5.6. Bibliographical notes
- 1 Characteristics and classification
- Phonology
- Frisian
- General
- Phonology
- Segment inventory
- Vowels
- Vowel sequences
- Consonants
- Sequences involving s & plosives
- Phonotactics
- Onsets
- Codas
- Rhymes
- Word-final vowels
- Singleton codas
- Two consonants
- 3-consonant clusters
- 4-5 positions
- Phonological Processes
- Assimilation
- Vowel nasalization
- Syllabic sonorants
- Final devoicing
- Fake geminates
- Vowel hiatus resolution
- Vowel reduction introduction
- Schwa deletion
- Schwa insertion
- /r/-deletion
- d-insertion
- {s/z}-insertion
- t-deletion
- Intrusive stop formation
- Breaking
- Vowel shortening
- h-deletion
- Replacement of the glide w
- Word stress
- Primary stress
- Diachronic aspects
- Generalizations
- Lexical stress
- Stress shifts in loanwords
- Secondary stress
- Stress in complex words
- Primary stress
- Clitics
- Allomorphy
- Nouns +/- final schwa
- Nouns + schwa in compounds
- Plural preterite of strong verbs
- Final sonorant clusters
- Final d-deletion
- Broken & shortened forms
- Vowel lengthening
- Intervocalic d & r
- Function words
- Verb stems
- Clitic allomorphs
- Orthography of Frisian
- Segment inventory
- Morphology
- Inflection
- Nouns
- Verbs
- Adjectives
- Adverbs
- Adpositions
- Pronouns
- Articles
- Numerals
- Conjunctions
- Word formation
- Derivation
- Prefixation
- Nominal prefixes
- Verbal prefixes
- Adjectival prefixes
- Adverbial prefixes
- Numeral prefixes
- Infixation
- Suffixation
- Nominal suffixes
- Noun as base
- Verb as base
- Adjective as base
- Adverb as base
- Numeral as base
- Pronoun as base
- Geographical name as base
- Personal name as base
- Phrase as base
- Verbal suffixes
- Adjectival suffixes
- Noun as base
- Verb as base
- Adjective as base
- Adverb as base
- Preposition as base
- Numeral as base
- Interjection as base
- Geographical name as base
- Adverbial suffixes
- Numeral suffixes
- Interjectional suffixes
- Onomastic suffixes
- Nominal suffixes
- Conversion
- Prefixation
- Derivation
- Inflection
- Syntax
- Verbs and Verb Phrases
- Characteristics and classification
- Unergative and unaccusative subjects
- Evidentiality
- To-infinitival clauses
- Verbal to-infinitives
- Adjectival to-infinitives
- Incorporating to-infinitives
- Predication and noun incorporation
- Wêze 'be'
- Gean 'go'
- Bliuwe 'stay'
- Komme 'come'
- Modals
- Copulas
- The transitive copula
- Supplementive constructions
- Appositive constructions
- Ellipsis
- Semantic classification of missing verb following modals
- Semantic classification of missing verb following non-finite complementisers
- The light verb
- Nonveridicality
- The pragmatic-syntactic condition
- Imperativus-pro-Infinitivo
- IPI-constructions
- Adjunct IPI-constructions
- Argument IPI-constructions
- History and dialectgeography
- Expression of irrealis
- Restrictions of the B-construction
- Main and embedded clauses
- The A-construction
- Preference for hawwe
- The B-construction and verb-ellipsis
- The verb sille 'shall'
- The past imperative
- The IPI-clause as part of the A- or B-construction
- Embedded Verb Second
- Bridge verbs
- Verb-second in embedded clauses
- Verb-second in embedded clauses (NCV2s)
- NCV2s as main clauses
- Linearity and referentiality
- Superordinate structures
- Direct and indirect speech
- Long questions and topicalisations
- Agreement
- Negation
- Nouns & Noun Phrases
- Classification
- Complementation
- PP complements
- Noun types
- Clausal complements
- Infinitival NPs
- Modification
- APs
- PPs
- Adverbial clauses
- Relative clauses
- Syntactic function
- Types: restrictive & non-restrictive
- Extraposition
- Personal pronouns as antecedent
- Dummy antecedents
- Free relative clauses
- Clefts
- Stacked and coordinated rel. clauses
- Infinitival relative clauses
- Partitive noun constructions
- Referential partitive constructions
- Three types
- Modification and agreement of concrete partitive nouns
- Modification and agreement of content nouns ...
- Metaphorically quantified nouns
- Partitive measure nouns
- Three types
- Modification and agreement of measure nouns
- Modification and agreement of content nouns ...
- Measure nouns and referential nouns
- Numeral partitive constructions
- Referentiality of the content noun
- Modification and agreement of numerals
- Modification and agreement of content nouns ...
- Partitive question constructions
- Nominalised quantifiers
- Kind partitives
- Partitive predication with prepositions
- Bare nominal attributions
- Referential partitive constructions
- Articles and names
- The definite article
- The demonstrative article
- The indefinite article
- The negative article
- Proper names
- Vocative function
- Nouns of address
- Geographical names
- Pronouns
- Strong and weak pronouns
- Possessive pronouns
- Reflexive pronouns
- Reciprocal pronouns
- Quantifiers and (pre)determiners
- Interrogative pronouns
- R-pronouns
- Syntactic uses
- Adjective Phrases
- Characteristics and classification
- Complementation
- Modification and degree quantification
- Classification
- High degree specification
- Excessive degree
- With infinitival clauses
- With finite clauses
- Preceding infinitival clauses
- Evaluator arguments
- Measure phrases
- Sufficient degree
- Others
- Comparison by degree
- Comparative
- Formation
- Lower degree comparatives
- The comparative complement
- Position of subcategorized PPs
- Negative polarity
- Attributive comparatives
- Correlative constructions
- Partitive adjective constructions
- Modification
- Superlative
- Formation
- Lowest degree superlative
- The superlative complement
- Position subcategorized PPs
- Negative polarity
- Use of the definite article
- Partitive adjective constructions
- PP superlative
- Modification
- Equative
- Comparative
- Attribution
- Agreement
- Adjectives
- Definite article & demonstratives
- Numerals
- Quantifiers
- Possessors
- Absence of agreement
- Variable agreement
- Historical
- Dialectical
- Attributive adjectives vs. prenominal elements
- Complex adjectives
- Noun ellipsis
- After adjectives
- After definite articles
- After demonstratives
- After the indefinite article
- After numerals
- After quantifiers
- After possessors
- Neuter definite
- Discontinuity
- Co-occurring adjectives
- Agreement
- Predication
- Complementive constructions
- Supplementive constructions
- Appositive constructions
- Arguments
- Predicates
- Partitive adjective constructions
- Indefinite partitive adjective
- The nominal quantifier
- The partitive adjective
- Definite partitive adjective
- Indefinite partitive adjective
- Adverbial use
- Category
- Modification of VPs and clauses
- Modification of APs
- Modification of PPs
- Modification of NPs
- Participles and infinitives
- Past participles
- Present participles
- Te-infinitives
- Adposition Phrases
- Characteristics and classification
- Complementation
- Preposition + NP
- Preposition + Adpositional Phrase
- Postpositions + simple complements
- Postposition with NP
- Postpositions with pp complement
- Replacement of goal PP
- Modification
- Modifiers which are NPs
- Modifiers which are adjectives
- Modifiers which are adverbs
- Modifiers which are adpositions
- Position of NP modifier
- Extraction of the modifier
- Intransitive adpositions
- Predication
- Intransitive complementive predication
- Transitive complementive predication
- Supplementives
- Apposition
- PPs as arguments
- Preposition stranding
- Verbs and Verb Phrases
- Afrikaans
- General
- Preliminaries
- Conventions (style guide)
- Phonology
- Afrikaans phonology
- Segment inventory
- Overview of Afrikaans vowels
- The rounded and unrounded high front vowels /i/ and /y/
- The diphthongised long vowels /e/, /ø/ and /o/
- The unrounded mid-front vowel /ɛ/
- The unrounded low-central vowel /ɑ/
- The unrounded low-central vowel /a/
- The rounded mid-high back vowel /ɔ/
- The rounded high back vowel /u/
- The unrounded and rounded central vowels /ə/ and /œ/
- The diphthongs /əi/, /œy/ and /œu/
- Overview of Afrikaans consonants
- The bilabial plosives /p/ and /b/
- The alveolar plosives /t/ and /d/
- The velar plosives /k/ and /g/
- The bilabial nasal /m/
- The alveolar nasal /n/
- The velar nasal /ŋ/
- The trill /r/
- The lateral liquid /l/
- The velar fricative /x/
- The alveolar fricatives /s/ and /z/
- The labiodental fricatives /f/ and /v/
- The approximants /ɦ/, /j/ and /ʋ/
- Overview of Afrikaans vowels
- Word stress
- The phonetic properties of stress
- Primary stress on monomorphemic words in Afrikaans
- Background to primary stress in monomorphemes in Afrikaans
- Overview of the Main Stress Rule of Afrikaans
- The short vowels of Afrikaans
- Long vowels in monomorphemes
- Primary stress on diphthongs in monomorphemes
- Exceptions
- Stress shifts in place names
- Stress shift towards word-final position
- Stress pattern of reduplications
- Phonological processes
- Vowel related processes
- Consonant-related processes
- Final devoicing
- Voice assimilation
- Consonant cluster simplification
- Consonant deletion
- Consonant alternation
- Consonant insertion
- Palatalisation
- Rhotacism
- Homorganic glide insertion
- Phonology-morphology interface
- Phonotactics
- Morphology
- Afrikaans morphology
- Word formation
- Affixation
- Compounding
- Conversion
- Subtraction
- Univerbation
- List of affixes
- Themes
- Syntax
- Introduction to the Noun Phrase
- Characteristics of the NP
- Classification of nouns
- Complementation of NPs
- PP Complements
- Types of complemented nouns
- Clausal noun complements
- Modification of NPs
- Modification of NPs by APs
- Modification of NPs by PPs
- Modification of NPs by Adverbial Clauses
- Modification of NPs by relative clauses
- Partitive noun or binominal constructions
- Referential partitive construction
- Partitive measure nouns
- Numeral partitive constructions
- Partitive question constructions
- Partitive constructions with nominalised quantifiers
- Name partitive constructions
- Genitive partitive constructions
- Partitive predication with prepositions
- Bare nominal attribution
- Articles and names
- Pronouns
- Personal pronouns
- Possessive pronouns
- Reflexive pronouns
- Reciprocal pronouns
- Interrogative pronouns
- Demonstratives
- Relative pronouns
- Indefinite pronouns
- Quantifiers, determiners, and predeterminers
- Syntactic uses of the NP
- Introduction to Adjective Phrases
- Characteristics and classification
- Complementation
- Modification and degree quantification
- Classification of degree modifiers
- High degree specification 'so'
- Excessive degree 'te'
- Sufficient degree 'genoeg'
- Other constructions
- Comparison by comparative, superlative and equative degree
- Comparative
- Superlative
- Equative
- Attribution
- Emphatic inflection and semantic distinction
- Adverbs and intensifiers used with attributive adjectives
- Postadjectival adjectival phrases with genoeg 'enough' and circumadjectival sequences
- Noun ellipsis
- Predication
- The partitive adjective construction
- Adverbial use
- Participles and infinitives as adjectives
- Introduction to Verb Phrases
- Characterization and classification
- Introduction
- Verb classifications
- Inflection and derivation
- Mood
- Tense
- Modality
- Aspect
- Argument Structure
- Alternations
- Complement clauses
- Finite declarative complement clauses
- Finite interrogative complement clauses
- Reported speech in Afrikaans
- Infinitive complement clauses
- Complements of non-main verbs
- Word order in the clause: Introduction
- Characterization and classification
- Introduction to Adpositional Phrases
- Characterisation and classification
- Complementation
- Modification of Adpositional Phrases
- Intransitive adpositions
- Predication
- Preposition stranding and R-pronouns
- Introduction to the Noun Phrase
- General
Finite interrogative complement clauses in Afrikaans have the same syntactic distribution as finite declarative complement clauses. They are linked to matrix clauses in the position of object, subject or predicate. General and specific interrogative clauses also have similar distributions, although specific interrogative clauses are more frequent in all positions, and consequently show more variability and also more discernible patterns of association, as is explained in [ref section on Finite interrogative complement clauses: lexical and semantic associations].
The finite interrogative object clause mainly occurs in clause-final position, after the matrix clause, as in example (1). It can, like its declarative counterpart, also be found in the clause-initial position, as in example (2), which is attested in very low frequencies in the Taalkommissiekorpus. It is not clear if the matrix clause can be embedded as fragment within the complement clause, as in example (3a) and (3bi), since such instances are unattested in the samples of the corpora available for analysis. The exception is (3bii), which is attested in extremely low frequencies in the data, where main clause rather than subordinate clause word order is used, and where the "matrix clause" functions as an adverbial rather than a main clause.
Finite interrogative subject clauses occur more frequently in the dit-extraposition construction, as in example (4), or else in clause-initial position, as in example (5).
Finite interrogative complement clauses can also be used as the predicate in a copular construction, mainly after the verb isbe.PRSis or lykappear, with limited syntactic variation, as in example (6).
The overall frequency of interrogative complement clauses in the three major syntactic functions are summarised in Figure 4, based on an analysis of the Taalkommissiekorpus.
Compared to declarative complement clause constructions, the interrogative counterparts are consistently less frequent. Interrogative object clauses are almost 6 times less frequent than declarative object clauses, while interrogative subject clauses are 4 times less frequent than declarative subject clauses. However, interrogative predicate clauses are only 1,16 times less frequent.
Interrogative object clauses, like their declarative counterparts, can occur after (clause-finally) or before the matrix clause (clause-initially), as is illustrated by the examples in (1) and (2). The matrix clause can also be inserted parenthetically in the object clause, as in (3bii), but it is not possible in Afrikaans to do so with complement clauses that have subordinate word order – only independent clause interrogative order can be used, which clearly demonstrates that this syntactic pattern does not involve a main clause-subordinate clause relationship. Rather, the complement-taking predicate functions as a genuine parenthetical insertion, and not as a matrix clause for the subordinate clause. Further examples similar to (3bii) are given in (7). Note the repetition of the complete interrogative with independent word order in (7b).
The clause-final position, however, dominates, even compared to the declarative object complement clause variant. As far as specific interrogatives is concerned, the clause-initial position is selected in almost 1,5% of the analysed sample from the TK and the parenthetical insert variant in only 0,08%, leaving the balance of 98,5% of the sample for the clause-final position. In the case of general interrogatives, the final position accounts for 98% of all cases and the initial position for the remaining 2%.
Differences in syntactic distribution are therefore not very productive for the interrogative object clause construction. The few attested cases of the clause-initial variant are mostly from the fiction and newspaper registers (as is the case with the declarative clause counterpart) and can be seen as an extension of an option that is more productive for the declarative complement clause construction, and not very salient or entrenched for the interrogative complement clause. Example (8) and (9) from these registers illustrate the use of the clause-initial variant.
|Wat die spieël my vertel het, kon ek ook in Karel se oë gewaar toe ons terugkom in die kombuis.
|what the mirror me tell.PST.PTCP have could I also in Karel GEN eyes notice when we back-come in the kitchen
|What the mirror told me, I could also sense in Karel's eyes when we returned to the kitchen.
|Of Cox 'n sê oor dié goed gehad het, het hy nie geweet nie.
|if Cox a say about this stuff PST.PTCP-have have have he NEG PST.PTCP-know NEG
|Whether Cox had a say about these things, he did not know.
|News reportage
|Wat het hy vir die meisie gedoen, wou mense by hom weet.
|what have he for the girl PST.PTCP-do want.to.PST people from him know.INF
|What did he do for the girl, people want to know from him.
|Óf ons eendag daarby sal uitkom, weet ek nie...
|if we one-day there-at shall out-come.INF know I NEG
|If we will get to this one day, I don't know...
The interrogative subject clause in Afrikaans has not been subject to any serious scholarly investigation. (Ponelis, F.A. 1979) discusses subject clauses in general, and offers an overview of the two major syntactic variants, namely the extraposition variant and the clause-initial variant. His examples include interrogative subject clauses, but he says little about the syntactic properties of the construction, and equally little about differences in syntactic distribution between the general and specific interrogatives.
The most salient characteristic of the matrix clause that distinguishes between the use of the declarative and interrogative subject clause is the presence of negation. Negation is expressed either by means of a syntactic negation construction, as in example (10), a negative prefix attached to the adjective predicate of the clause, as in example (11), or by selecting a predicate that has the meaning of doubt or some other negative prosody, as in example (12).
|Of dit Van Zijl se waens was, is nie bekend nie.
|if it Van Zijl GEN trucks be.PST be.PRS NEG know.PST.PTCP NEG
|Whether it was Van Zijl's trucks is not known.
|[Syntactic negation]
|Dit is volgens Transnet nog onduidelik hoekom die laaier gebreek het.
|it be.PRS according.to Transnet still unclear why the loader PST.PTCP-break have
|It is still unclear, according to Transnet, why the loader broke.
|[Morphological negation]
|Of dit enigsins gaan help om die Wêreldbeker te wen, is te betwyfel.
|if it at.all go help.INF COMP the World-Cup to win.INF be.PRS to doubt.INF
|If it is at all going to help to win the World Cup is doubtful.
|[Negative prosody]
General interrogative subject clauses are infrequent in Afrikaans. Both the extraposition and clause-initial variants are available and attested in the data, as illustrated by (4a) and (5a). While the extraposition variant is attested slightly more frequently in the data, the difference is much smaller than for any other subject clause constructions (declarative, specific interrogative or infinitive). The data do not yield any clear evidence of syntactic differences between the two variants. Thus, matrix clauses are generally not syntactically more complex in the case of the clause-initial variant, as might be motivated by considerations of end-weight or processability. In fact, the vast majority of matrix clauses in the data for both variants are short and syntactically very simple. The most typical pattern is a copular construction with the copular verb isbe.PRSis and an adjective that is either negated by nienot or contains a negative prefix, usually [on-], as is illustrated by examples (13) and (14).
Alternatively, other verbs are used, but drawn from a fairly limited pool of options of a relatively fixed idiomatic nature, as is illustrated by afhangdown-hangdepend on in (15) and saakmaakconcern-makematter in (16). The section on lexical associations provides more detail about these verbs.
What is particularly interesting about these verbs, as supporting evidence for their status as fixed expressions, is the extent to which they display reduction, by omitting the anticipatory pronoun ditit, and in the case of example (17) below, even the copular verb. Examples of such omission are the following:
|So ampertjies of ek sê hardop dankie vir die trekkie vars lug.
|so almost-DIM if I say aloud thank.you for the draw-DIM fresh air
|So close or I said thank-you out loud for the breath of fresh air.
|Maak nie saak of hy gelukkig of ongelukkig is nie, die blik moet oop, die aartappels moet afgeskil en opgesit word, hy moet eet.
|make NEG concern if he happy or unhappy be.PRS NEG the tin must open.INF the potatoes must off-PST.PRT-peel and on-PST.PRT-put become.INF he must eat.INF
|Doesn't matter whether he is happy or unhappy, the tin must be opened, the potatoes must be peeled and prepared, he has to eat.
|Hang af of die aandwind genoeg gaan wees om ons buite op die oopsee te kry.
|depend on if the evening-wind enough go be.INF COMP us outside on the open-sea to get.INF
|Depends if the evening wind will be enough to get us out to the open sea.
This feature occurs in standard written Afrikaans, although often in fictional dialogue, where the writing pretends to simulate speech or the inner monologue of characters. This is the case even though the general interrogative subject clause construction itself is even rarer in spoken than written Afrikaans.
The specific interrogative subject clause construction is considerably more frequent in Afrikaans than the general interrogative, and also has a wider range of meanings: epistemic, evaluative and importance, as is shown in the section on lexical associations. Syntactically, however, the constructions are quite similar, except that the association with negation is much stronger with epistemic meanings, and not so prominent with the other meanings of the construction. For all three types of meanings, the more frequent syntactic construction is the extraposition construction, as exemplified in (4b), while the clause-initial variant, exemplified in (5b) is considerably less frequent.
The extraposition construction mainly has a copular verb and an adjective as predicate, whether this adjective is negated or not. The verb isis is by far the dominant copular verb, with a very small number of other verbs, including wordbecome, blykappear and blyremain also attested. Examples of this pattern are the following:
|Dis duidelik waarom Kobus so 'n sukses van hierdie onderneming gemaak het.
|it.is clear why Kobus such a success of this undertaking PST.PTCP-make have
|It's clear why Kobus made such a success of this undertaking.
|Nou is dit vir haar glashelder waarom Vogelsang onder die hamer gekom het.
|now it be.PRS for her glass-clear why Vogelsang under the hammer PST.PTCP-come have
|Now it is crystal clear to her why Vogelsang came under the hammer.
|Dit is onverklaarbaar hoekom hy sy benadering vir die Wêreldbeker verander het.
|it be.PRS inexplicable why he his approach for the World-Cup change.PST.PTCP have
|It is inexplicable why he changed his approach for the World Cup.
|... dis nie seker waarom die helikopter neergestort het nie.
|it.is NEG certain why the helicopter down-PST.PRT-fall have NEG
|It is not certain why the helicopter crashed.
|Uit die bespreking het dit geblyk hoe moeilik dit is om Galasiërs 3:10 te interpreteer.
|from the discussion have it PST.PTCP-appear how difficult it be.PRS COMP Galatians 3:10 to interpret.INF
|From the discussion it became evident how difficult it is to interpret Galatians 3:10.
|Hieruit word dit duidelik waarom dit noodsaaklik is dat Paulus ook Rome moet besoek om die evangelie te verkondig.
|here-out become it clear why it necessary be.PRS COMP Paul also Rome must visit.INF COMP the gospel to preach.INF
|From this it becomes clear why it is essential that Paul must also visit Rome to spread the gospel.
The omission of the dummy subject and copular verb of the matrix clause is also attested, with only the predicate remaining, still introducing the specific interrogative subject clause. This option is mainly attested with evaluative meanings, as is shown by the following examples:
|Snaaks hoe hy aanmekaar beroepe na ander gemeentes kry wat blykbaar behoefte het aan sy besondere talent.
|funny how he continuously callings to other congregations receive which apparently need have for his special talent
|Funny how he iss always being called to other congregations that apparently have a need for his special talent.
|Ongelooflik hoe 'n enkele kleur 'n hele atmosfeer kan herroep!
|incredible how a single colour a whole atmosphere can recall.INF
|Incredible how a single colour can recall an entire atmosphere!
A much smaller number of cases show the use of another verb in the matrix clause. Similar to the general interrogative subject clause construction, these verbs usually come in the form of relatively fixed phrases. The most prominent of these expressions is dit maak nie saak … nieit doesn't matter, while expressions like kleinkrysmall-getgrasp, dit skiet X te binneit shoots X to insideit strikes X and traakbother are also found. In the case of dit maak nie saak … nie, the omission of the dummy pronoun ditit is widespread. These options are illustrated by the following examples:
|... dit maak nie saak hoe dit lyk of wat daarin staan nie.
|it make NEG concern how it look or what there-in stand NEG
|...it doesn't matter what it looks like or what is said in it.
|... …maak nie saak hoe goed of sleg dit inpas by heersende politiek en emosies nie.
|make NEG concern how well or poorly it in-fit with reigning politics and emotions NEG
|... doesn't matter how well or poorly it suits current politics and emotions.
|Ek kan dit nou nog nie kleinkry hoe hy net twee geel kaarte aan die opponente gewys het nie.
|I can it now still NEG small-get.INF how he only two yellow cards to the opponents PST.PTCP-show have NEG
|I still don't get how he only showed two yellow cards to the opponents.
|TK, adapted
|Dit skiet haar te binne wie haar al weer as 'n Jesebel uitkryt: haar loerende bure.
|it shoot her to inside who her yet again as a Jezebel out-cry her peeping neighbours
|It strikes her who is yet again denounceingher as a Jezebel: her peeping neighbours.
|TK, adapted
|Dit traak hom in elk geval min wat Le Roux sê.
|it bother him in any case little what Le Roux say
|In any case it bothers him very little what Le Roux says.
|TK, adapted
Interrogative predicate clauses, like interrogative subject clauses, have not been investigated previously in Afrikaans. Our investigation of the Taalkommissiekorpus shows that there are a small number of very dominant patterns, with limited deviation from these patterns. It emerges very clearly from the data that predicate clauses with the general and specific interrogatives are used in very different ways in Afrikaans. General interrogatives are used to suggest uncertainty about the validity of the proposition in the predicate clause. Thus, the most frequent pattern in the data is with the dummy pronoun ditit as subject and the copular verb lykseem as main verb, as in example (33). The past tense form het gelykhave seemedseemed is also attested reasonably often, although not nearly as frequently as the present tense form, as in example (34).
|Partykeer lyk dit of dinge ekstra goed gaan sodat jy nie moet sien hoe die teëspoed jou bekruip nie.
|sometimes seem it if things extra well go so-that you NEG must see.INF how the misfortune you sneak-up NEG
|Sometimes it seems as if things are going extra well, so that you don't see how misfortune sneaks up on you.
|Dit het nie gelyk of iemand juis belang gestel het in die nuus nie.
|it have NEG PST.PTCP-seem if someone really interest PST.PTCP-set have in the news NOT
|It did not seem as if anyone really showed interest in the news.
The verbs voelfeel and voorkomappear are also found in the data with more than negligible frequencies, also in combination with the dummy pronoun ditit, as illustrated by example (35) and (36). In the case of voorkom, the dominant pattern is the collocation with the modal wilwill.
|... dit voel of daar 'n hoenderbeen in sy keel vassit.
|it feel if there a chicken bone in his throat tight-sit
|... it feels as if a chicken bone is stuck in his throat.
|Dit wil voorkom of daar nie plek in rugby is vir ons gekleurde losskakels nie.
|it will appear.INF if there NEG place in rugby be.PRS for our coloured flyhalves NEG
|It would appear as if there isn't room for our coloured flyhalves in rugby.
The pattern extends to the copular verb isbe.PRS, which occurs with similar frequency to voel and voorkom in combination with the dummy pronoun dit, and where the meaning is usually quite similar to lyk or voel, thus not clearly assertive, as illustrated by example (37). The contraction of the pronoun dit and the verb is to disit.isit's is quite prominent in the data.
|... dis of iets in my begin roer van skone verbasing.
|it.is if something in me begin turn.INF from pure astonishment
|...it's as if something is beginning to move inside me from pure astonishment.
The other major pattern for general interrogatives is a matrix clause with die vraagthe question as subject and the copular verb is as main verb, as in example (38), where the meaning of the matrix clause is to assert the actuality of the question being posed.
|Die vraag is dus of 'n mens hierdie nuwe soort "toleransie" kan aanvaar as jy sterk godsdienstige oortuigings het.
|the question be.PRS thus if a human this new kind tolerance can accept.INF if you.SG strong religious convictions have
|The question is therefore if one can accept this new kind of "tolerance" if one has strong religious convictions.
In this case, as with the corresponding matrix clause pattern associated with specific interrogatives, the noun vraag introduces a new twist in the argument, where a particular question is raised as a consequence of the preceding arguments. It serves a cohesive function at textual level, bridging the discussion preceding and following the interrogative complement clause construction use.
As far as specific interrogatives are concerned, there are only two frequent subjects that are used in this construction: the pronoun dit, illustrated by example (39) and (40), and a noun phrase with head noun vraag, illustrated by (41).
|Dit is waar Russiese ruimtevaarders al van die 1960's af opgelei word.
|it be.PRS where Russian astronauts already from the 1960s off up-PST.PTCP-train become
|This is where Russian astronauts have been trained since the 1960s.
|Dis hoe ek verlede maand se staking opgelos het.
|it.is how I last month GEN strike up-PST.PTCP-solve have
|This is how I resolved last month's strike.
|Die vraag ontstaan watter rol die sonde dan in hierdie verband speel.
|the question arise which role the sin then in this connection play
|The question arises what role sin plays in this regard.
The contracted form disit's from dit isit is is used in slightly more than 40% of the cases where the subject is the third person impersonal pronoun ditit, illustrated by example (40), with the uncontracted form in the remainder of the cases, as illustrated by (39).
The pronoun dit functions not as dummy pronoun, as it does in the case of subject or general interrogative predicate clause constructions, but as anaphor, usually referring back to information in the immediately preceding discourse. Thus, in example (39), the preceding sentence refers to the place where Mark Shuttleworth was trained for his trip into outer space, which is then followed by a further piece of information in the example sentence itself. Likewise, in the case of example (40), taken from a direct quotation in a magazine interview, the pronoun refers back to two statements in the preceding sentences: Ek het nie een van hulle beantwoord nie. Vermy tot elke prys konfrontasie.I did not answer anyone of them. Avoid confrontation at all cost..
The subject noun phrase Die vraagThe question in example (41) does not represent pronominal anaphora, but is still a word that ties the proposition in the predicate clause to the surrounding textual context, by drawing attention that all the information presented up to that point raises a question. The predicate clause then explicitly states that question, which serves as transition to the subsequent discussion of that question.
All other subject noun phrases together account for less than 10% of all the data in the sample from the TK, and not a single subject noun phrase amounts to 1% of the data. A number of these low frequency variants are illustrated by the examples in (42), and in general, they function in similar ways to the more prototypical subject noun vraagquestion.
The verb of the matrix clause in specific interrogative clauses is almost invariantly the verb weesbe (more than 96% of the time in the data set analysed), and specifically the present tense form isis.
- 1979Afrikaanse sintaksis.Van Schaik


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July 10, 1872
Professor, geologist and naturalist Eugene Allen Smith on this day married Jane Meredith Garland, the daughter of the president of the University of Alabama. Smith had come to the university the previous year as a 30-year-old professor of agricultural chemistry and mineralogy. He would devote his energies to the UA symphony, building the library collection and helping begin the athletics program. Smith pressured the Legislature to reactivate the state geologist position and was appointed to the job. He became familiar statewide, traveling by mule-drawn wagon searching for natural resources that could help develop industry. His work led to the opening of the Alabama Museum of Natural History, which he designed, and prompted permanent funding of the Geological Survey of Alabama.
Read more at Encyclopedia of Alabama.
For more on Alabama's Bicentennial, visit Alabama 200.


text:
School Closed
Monday, March 16 - Friday, April 10
All school events are cancelled or postponed.
School Hours
Monday -Thursday 8:00a.m.-3:00p.m.
Friday 8:00a.m.-1:00p.m.
Phone: 480-874-3720
Fax: 480-874-3767
Absentee Line: 480-874-3727
Office Hours
Monday -Thursday 8:00a.m.-4:00p.m.
Friday 8:00a.m.-2:00p.m.
Scrip Hours
Tuesday 7:45a.m. - 9:00 am
Friday 7:45a.m. - 10:00a.m.
Scrip will be sold during Office Hours
Scrip Order Form
Scrip Program information
Shop With Scrip Program Instructions
Scrip Email


text:
Mix 10ml Taster Pack V1
Try our new flavours, featuring five exquisite flavours featuring a selection of fruit menthol and tobacco to suit varying palates.
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Vampire Vape presents Quick Picks!
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Please note PG/VG ratio differs for nicotine strengths:
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text:
January 31, 2019
by Ben Murphy
Sports Writer
The Harrison boys basketball team had Gladwin's number earlier in the season. The Hornets tamed the Flying G's 51-32 at home back in December, but Gladwin returned the favor on its home court Friday night, claiming a 67-65 win.
In the loss, Hunter Woolston poured in 28 points, Cameron Ashcroft hit double digits with 12, Ethan VanAntwerp was right behind with 11, with four points each was Ethan Smith and Connor Haines, Luke Cooper netted three, Johnathan Nunnally added two and Logan Yost added one point.
Harrison (3-10 overall, 3-5 JPC) hosted Farwell on Wednesday, heads to Roscommon tonight (Friday), hosts Coleman on Tuesday and hosts Clare on Friday, Feb. 8.


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Labor and Employment Law
Assertive Labor & Employment Law Attorney Serving California
You have the right to file suit when employment and labor laws are violated and the aftermath is detrimental to your well-being. Law Offices of Joel F. Tamraz aggressively advocates for clients seeking representation. I have the skill needed to pursue justice in court or at the negotiation table.
My services
While you may be hesitant to initiate legal action, I know how to handle even the most complex cases from start to finish. I have an in-depth understanding of California and federal labor and employment laws, including:
- Title VII of the Civil Rights Law of 1964
- Equal Pay Act (EPA)
- Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA)
I use my knowledge to clients' advantage in order to build strong cases on their behalf. I am dedicated to your cause and work tirelessly to ensure I consistently produce the best possible results.
I provide assertive representation to employment and labor law clients who need strong counsel by their side for issues involving:
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- Collective bargaining
- Unfair labor practices
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- Sexual harassment
- Background investigations
- Reviews of employee handbooks and manuals
- OSHA compliance
- Wage and hour law compliance issues
- Discrimination in the workplace
I protect your best interests in mediation and arbitration sessions, during courtroom proceedings, or in appellate court hearings.
Reach out to a Los Angeles lawyer
Contact Law Offices of Joel F. Tamraz online or at 424-542-8643 to schedule a free consultation with a diligent California labor and employment lawyer at my Los Angeles office.


text:
Also named as WiFi is defined as (Wireless Local Area Network), is a technology that allow network devices such as computers, smartphone, printers … etc to exchange data wirelessly via radio waves. Did you like this article? Share it:TweetRead More
You are here
- Home
- wireless local area network


text:
Rogers Helps Bentonville With Stray Dogs
Bentonville Pays Rogers For Accepting Dogs
One city's stray dogs is a neighboring city's responsibility.
The Rogers Animal Shelter is almost always full. The count on Thursday included 80 dogs and 45 cats.
"Last year we re-homed, which is sent to rescue, returned to owner and adopted a little over 1,400 animals, which is up a little over 300 from the year before. Our euthanasia rate has been cut in half to a direct result of the big volunteer base that we have and the dedication of our employees here," Rogers Animal Shelter Manager Bud Norman said.
The Rogers Animal Shelter cared for 540 dogs in 2011 from Bentonville.
Every dog found in Bentonville ends up in Rogers, but that dog must be brought in by a Bentonville Animal Control officer or a Bentonville police officer.
"The confusion comes in with people that haven't lived in the city that long. If they pick up an animal and take it directly to Rogers, they won't accept it. We will actually take it to Rogers ourselves if it's found in Bentonville," Bentonville Police Department Capt. Mike Smith said.
Bentonville pays Rogers $85 per animal, plus a monthly maintenance fee.
If the Bentonville dog isn't claimed by its owner within six days, it becomes a Rogers dog, and responsibility, adding stress and strain to the taxpayer-funded city service.
Some believe it's time for Bentonville to build a shelter of its own.
"The more animals you bring in, the tougher it is. It takes a lot of work to send them out," Norman said.
"I think that could happen at some point. You know, it's a lot of expense. You're talking about staffing a shelter, building a shelter, and that's a very large expense," Smith said.
Anyone who is interested in adopting a dog from the Rogers shelter can view the animals by clicking here.


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Wealth Planning Facts & Figures – 2019
The 2019 Wealth Planning Facts and Figures provides important tax, retirement and estate planning information to help you stay informed.
Learn more, download:
- the brochure – BMO Wealth_Planning_FactsandFigures_Brochure_EN 2019
- the feature sheet – BMO Wealth_Planning_FactsandFigures_Sheet_EN 2019
BMO Wealth Management provides this publication for information purposes only and is not and should not be construed as professional advice to any individual. The information contained in this publication is based on material believed to be reliable at the time of publication, but BMO Wealth Management cannot guarantee the information is accurate or complete. Individuals should contact their BMO representative for professional advice regarding their personal circumstances and/or financial position.
The comments included in this publication are not intended to be a definitive analysis of tax applicability or trust and estate law. The comments are general in nature and professional advice regarding an individual's particular tax position should be obtained in respect of any person's specific circumstances.


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Centre for Advanced Process Intensification
Process Intensification represents one promising path for the chemical and process industry.
Research activity
The multidisciplinary research activities propose to apply force field driven separation techniques (electrical, magnetic, ultrasound, microwave, light) while optimising the driving forces at every scale and maximising the specific surface area to which these forces apply. This will lead to the development of new and improved concepts of processing methods and equipment for chemical and energy conversion systems.
The activities will also contribute towards understanding and modelling the dynamics of complex process systems as well as their systematic integration from functional units.
The research on separation processes also targets advanced integrated technologies, such as reactive and hybrid separations in batch and continuous systems. This represents a paramount contribution towards sustainable processes able to enhance conversion efficiencies significantly, and to incorporate new functionalities in materials and products while pushing the transition into renewable resources.
For instance, we aim at designing supramolecular polymer systems for improved water purification processes. This offers the possibility of a paradigm shift in the development of technological approaches for water and soil decontamination. This research will produce highly selective, recyclable and low cost polymers to produce potable water, irrigation flow waters and the on-site monitoring of pesticides.
We work also on engineering solutions for CO2 conversion. The engineered catalysts are tested in different reaction conditions aiming to find the optimum activity/stability balance to guarantee a successful scaling up into intensified processes. This approach includes model-based optimal experimental design which represents an important contribution for the process evaluation in an early stage of process design and synthesis and for the economic feasibility of the overall process.


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UTICA –The Mohawk Valley Health System Volunteer Association is hosting an information session Dec. 5 on ways community members can make a difference helping patients, visitors, employees and medical staff, a news release said.
The information session will be from 10:30 to 11:30 a.m. in the Second Floor Conference Room on the St. Luke's Campus, 1656 Champlin Ave.
Faxton St. Luke's Healthcare and St. Elizabeth Medical Center have openings for volunteers to assist in several departments.
For more information, call the volunteer services at 315-624-6142.


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Establishing a bread factory in France has been a dream for Heo Young-in, chairman of the SPC Group who is also known as Korea's "Baker King." The dream is about to be realized as the group will build a bread factory in Normandy. When completed, it will serve as a bridge to future economic cooperation and diplomacy between South Korea and France.
The SPC Group's Normandy bread factory is attracting much attention as French President Emmanuel Macron referred to SPC Group's investment in France at the Korea-France Summit held in Paris, France on Oct. 15 (local time).
The SPC Group, which runs bakery chains Paris Baguette and Paris Croissant will build the bread factory in Saint James of Normandy in northwestern France. Construction was scheduled to kick off within this year, but was put off so the factory will be completed in the first half of next year.
Although details of the factory has yet to be determined, the SPC Group plans to nearly triple its size to 100,000 square meters from the initially planned 30,000 square meters.
SPC group chairman Heo Young-in announced the plan to build the factory costing 20 million euros at the France International Business Summit hosted by French President Macron in January.
The Normandy factory will produce "human dough," semi-finished dough which is frozen and fermented. The Normandy region is home to roughly 1,300 food companies. "We have chosen to become an easy-to-supply source of foodstuffs such as meat, vegetables and dairy products," an SPC official said.
This first SPC bread factory to be built in France will mainly target the European, U.S., and Middle Eastern and African markets. By making dough at this factory and exporting it, the SPC Group will use France as a base for new markets such as the U.S. and the Middle East. The SPC Group has been stepping up its efforts to enter overseas markets lately.
"We will grow into a great food company that will post 20 trillion won in sales and operate 12,000 stores in the world in 2030," chairman Heo said in his new year message to employees earlier this year, expressing his strong will to make a foray into overseas markets.
Currently, over 300 Paris Baguette stores have opened abroad and they are rapidly increasing in China and the United States. The SPC Group is currently operating two Paris Baguette stores in France and is considering opening more bakeries in the country.
In 2004, the SPC Group entered five countries including China, Vietnam, Singapore and France. The Korean food business group is also in the process of preparing to enter the Middle Eastern market.


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[ More Great Owners Pictures | Home Page | Movie Page | More Fun Pictures | Excellent Sailing Performance | Radio Control T37 | T 50 MOD Radio Control Sailing Yacht | T50 Tri RC Multihull | T Class Racing Sloop | Order Form]
T50MOD flies in heavy breeze! Australia.
Hi Will
Finally got some good photos for you.
These were taken on Sunday at our weekly races.
It was windy, 20-30kts, and I was trying the new C Rig. Downwind its awesome.
Regards, Mark
Mark has rigged his T50 with a Marblehead Class fractional rig available from Tippecanoe Boats.The first pictures are sailing with the Marblehead "B" rig. This last picture is sailing with the smaller "C" rig.
More Sailing from 'Down Under'
Hi Will
You may recall sending a kit out to Queensland, Australia. My son who is a marine engineer ordered it from you when he was 'stateside' as a birthday present for me. I have had a lot of enjoyment doing the build. Attached are a few photo's in the Mooloola River here on the Sunshine Coast on a sunny winters day with a nice little breeze. I'm very impressed with the performance of the yacht and the simplicity of build. I aim to build another in the future. Cheers from Australia,
Peter Hogan
Beautiful custom paint jobs!
It sails great!
-Ray McClain
T37 in Florida
Dear Will,
Well, by George, we've done it! We've finished the boat and
gave it a preliminary dip in my pool. We're planning a formal
launch in a pond with race course buoys once the rest of the people
in our group get back down south.
Just from the little bit we did in the pool, this is a truly remarkable vessel and you are a very bright and persevering guy to have designed and assembled this kit. Just the thought of the materials search for efficacy and compatibility boggles the mind.
Thank you very much!
Steve Bacon built his boat in Washington state, and is now taking it to Arizona with him!
18 inch TClass Racing Sloop in Arizona
Had a great time putting this one together and look forward to
sailing it. Made some modifications to the rigging and rudder tube.
T47 Schooner's beautiful build looks like a full-size classic yacht!
I was thrilled to create this boat. She sailed perfectly. Thank you.
Peace, Wayne
[ More Great Owners Pictures | Home Page | Movie Page | More Fun Pictures | Excellent Sailing Performance | Radio Control T37 | T 50 MOD Radio Control Sailing Yacht | T50 Tri RC Multihull | T Class Racing Sloop | Order Form]


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The Advantages of Consuming Vitamin and Mineral Products.
There are numerous benefits associated with the usage of vitamins and mineral products in the body, and that's why you should encompass it in your diet. Healthy lifestyles include having correct proportions of what the body requires for functioning well.
Vitamins and minerals are found mainly in the foods we eat though they may not be in enough quantities in one serving. Some companies have researched about the importance of the elements and extracted the ingredients to create healthy supplements. Supplements are most preferred because they contain higher amounts of the vitamins and minerals that cannot be found from the foods we eat and for that reason you should consider taking the vitamin and mineral supplements as they will provide your body with immense benefits.
The advantage of the health supplements is that they help the cells to be in a perfect condition to do their work in the body. Cells are very critical in undertaking different roles of the body, and it is paramount to take care of the cells by taking the vitamins and minerals which protect the cells against wearing out as that could lead to different body problems.
They also activate the production of antioxidants that are beneficial in the body.
The role of vitamins and minerals is to protect the body against infections that may attack the body. For you to achieve the maximum health that you desire, you ought to take your vitamins and minerals as prescribed and you will be protected against a large percentage of diseases that affect the human body. The vitamins work by establishing a protective layer against the infections that may attack the body, and you remain healthy.
Besides, the nutritional elements accelerates the operation of the body, for instance, continuous usage of carrots is known to better your eyesight. It is, therefore, a good idea to take that supplements as your organs will perform better.
We all desire to have a healthy skin and look younger, and the secret is in taking vitamins and minerals. There are useful antioxidants that are responsible for giving you a healthy and more youthful skin that you desire without necessarily doing a lot of makeup. Another role of vitamins in the body is to make our bones and teeth healthier and stronger. Vitamin D can be accessed from exposure to sunlight and it is suitable to prevent rickets in children.
Vitamins play a big role in the healing process of a wound that can be as a result of accidents around the home or major accidents. We have seen the immense benefits of incorporating vitamins and minerals in our diets and we should be sure that we are getting the required portions.
A Quick Overlook of Supplements – Your Cheatsheet


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Presently, we have eleven men in various stages of active discernment for our Province. Please pray for them as they continue to listen to God's voice in their hearts. They are good men who want to follow Jesus, according to His will.
In order to foster vocations, our friars are planning to institute a "vocation corner" in the bulletins of our parishes, schools and other ministries. Our friars plan to fill those "corners" with personal vocation stories. Fittingly, we begin this series with the Vocation Story of our own Vocation Director, Fr. Russell Governale, OFM Conv.:
Vocation Story ~ Friar Russell Governale, OFM Conv.
As a High School student growing up in Brooklyn, NY, I felt the desire to serve God and God's people. I wanted to help others to grow and live better. This was prior to the existence of the internet, so as I prayed and considered the possibility of becoming a priest, I began to cut out ads from our Diocesan Catholic Newspaper and send them to different Religious Orders to obtain information about them. That was "surfing" in the 70s.
I received quite a bit of mail and upon receiving the information from the Franciscan Friars Conventual, I was moved by their simplicity of life and the number of young men who were joining them. I decided to visit the seminary in Massachusetts and the Novitiate in Maryland. The joy, youth and excitement of the friars— young and old — attracted me.
As I discerned, I thought, "Let me give it a try for a year!"
That was 40 years ago. God continued to touch my heart with His love and allowed me to receive the gift of a Franciscan vocation. Now, I have the blessed joy to accompany young men who are discerning, as I was back then. Living the life of the vows, fraternity and Sacrament allows me to fulfill that initial desire to serve God and His people.
If you are interested in Franciscan Life, please contact me, Fr. Russell, Vocation Director at:
or call me at 718- 510-5822.


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6 months membership at Beacon Park Golf Centre for just £199. Find out more...
Nye Bevan offers a wealth of classes and activities to suit everyone, whatever your age or ability.
From aqua aerobic classes to children's parties, from activities for those over the age of 50+ to children's intensive swimming lessons during the school holidays, our dedicated team of professionals are on hand to keep you and your family looking and feeling great.
Nye Bevan boasts a wide range of swimming sessions throughout the week. Find the right session for you.View Pool Timetable
A range of activities during term time and school holidays including;- Gym Sessions- Birthday Parties
Activities built around you. Specialist sessions in the Fitness Suite and Pool as well as workout sessions tailored to your needs.


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About the show
Dating in New York is HARD. Are they a killer? Painfully boring? A distant cousin with an eerily strong resemblance to your uncle? Whatever the quandary, it's not easy out there, and comedian/matchmaker Emma Vernon knows it!
On In A World: The Dating Show, Emma transforms the (sometimes painful) traditional first date into a stress-free and ridiculously fun time, that YOU can watch!
How? First, she uses her matchmaking skills to handpick each match! And she'll tell you a little bit about the science behind each match. Second, she invites her improv friends to create a fake environment for these dates. Forget the traditional bar or restaurant, on In A World, with the help of hilarious veteran improvisers, the first date can be ANYWHERE – a music festival, a bowling alley, a bonfire, you name it!
Is this the hopeless place Rihanna was talking about? Come find out!