text:
In a rational world we may have anticipated that the US
regulatory response to the financial crisis would have established some cursory
reference to two of its fundamental causes. Yet the framers of the Dodd/Frank
Act did not see fit to restrict Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac's ability to
guarantee mortgages to uncreditworthy borrowers nor to restrict the rating
agencies in granting triple AAA ratings to the repackaged toxic waste that
resulted, writes Cayman Finance Chairman Anthony Travers
In the political world it is supposed to therefore follow,
that if neither cause is sanctioned by the new regulation, the actual causes
lay elsewhere. Cue then the political attack on bankers' bonuses a more assured
political bandwagon for the party currently in control of all three US Houses
than any attack that might cut across the laudable but blatantly populist
objective that everyone should own a home, regardless of their ability to pay
for the home they supposedly owned. By that simple expedient political history
and accountability is rewritten.
So, too, we see hedge funds now targeted in Europe and
subject to a regulatory response that will restrict leverage and require fund
managers to receive 50 per cent of their remuneration after a deferred three
year period. And yet the average leverage in the hedge fund industry is around
two. Perhaps it is the threat that hedge funds pose to the political
aspirations of those driving a totalitarian federalist agenda that needs to be
curbed. European regulators may well remove sovereign debt risk from the stress
test evaluation of European banks how long would it take the hedge fund
industry to expose that delusion. But is
that really what is meant by systemic risk?
In all of these legislative responses we find a troubling
gulf between the economic and the political reality, either to protect a sacred
political cow or to avoid responsibility for its rotting carcass. These exercises in delusion require a
political mastery of the art of blame deflection and nowhere is that craft more
evident than in the continued references to the US tax revenue that is being
lost through the use of offshore financial centres like the Cayman Islands. But
In reality not only is this comment too
a gross distortion but it should
be a source of real concern to the US legislature and the public it represents,
that for political ends deliberate confusion is introduced between what is illegal tax evasion and
lawful tax structuring. This
mischaracterisation is not only unfair in describing the proper function of the
offshore financial centre and the benefits it confers on the United States, but
forms a wholly unsound basis on which to formulate United States tax policy.
It always helps to have an impressive sounding private
sector group support the political initiative and so we find this latest
falsehood supported by the hitherto unheard of 'Business and Investors Against
Tax Haven Abuse', which notably is supported by Senator Carl Levin (D-MI). Senator Levin was a co-author (along with
then Senator Barak Obama) of the "Stop Tax Haven Abuse" bill, which was
supplanted by the altogether more balanced legislation known as the 'Hiring
Incentives to Restore Employment' ("HIRE") Act (The response of Cayman
financial services industry was set out in the open letter to Senator Levin and
printed in the Washington newspaper Politico. The full text is available at
Some research on the 'Business and Investors Against Tax
Haven Abuse' group shows that it is supported by the 'American Sustainable
Business Council', 'Business for Shared Prosperity' and 'Wealth for the Common
Good', all of which are inter-related grassroots political organisations that
host website petitions for or against various policy initiatives. No
information as to how these organisations formulate policy, who or how many
people of organisations back them, is available.
What these bodies and the latest initiative seeks to do is
to promote the falsehood that US companies, which rely on legitimate provisions
of the US Tax Code properly and lawfully structured through the Cayman
Islands, are in some way engaged in tax
evasion, or unlawful conduct. But, seeking to mis-describe lawful and proper
behaviour by painting it as illegal does not stand a moment's scrutiny and is
wrong in principle.
This particular heresy completely, and no doubt
deliberately, also misses the point that the US is the major recipient of the
capital flows from of the Cayman Islands – which is providing the liquidity
that is essential to the recuperation and ongoing health of the US
It is surprising that it has become necessary to state, yet
again, the obvious point that the laws complained of by these bodies under
which US companies use international financial centres, such as the Cayman Islands,
are US laws and changes to them are entirely a matter of domestic US tax
It also should go without saying that all Cayman Islands
companies are required to operate on the basis of full tax and anti-money
laundering transparency under our own domestic law and under existing treaties
with the US and many other G20 jurisdictions. Good arguments may exist as to
why these domestic laws should be amended and US multinationals double-taxed,
as a result but presaging the debate with deliberate obfuscations prevents the
real arguments from being heard on their merits.
The organisations filing the petition claim that low or
no-tax jurisdictions hurt the US economy through tax evasion. This suggestion runs counter to the existence
of the tax transparency treaties in place and to the growing body of academic
reports that suggest that international financial centres such as Cayman are
well-regulated and neutral jurisdictions that facilitate cross-border business.
The Cayman Islands in fact provides liquidity to markets
around the globe by increasing investment into developed nations such as the
United States and developing economies, where project financing is desperately
needed to fuel job creation and alleviate poverty. The exercises in blame
deflection which emanate from US politicians are not only unfair to offshore
financial centres they cloud the basis for the debate in the US with falsehoods
which form an unsound basis for US
tax policy.


text:
Water Hammock Lounger combines floating comfort and portable convenience. Inflatable pieces on the head and legs provide comfortable buoyancy. Simple, unique design allows most of the body to be submerged for cool relaxation. All-weather fabric body features bright new colorful stripes in blue, green or pink. Lounge rolls up compactly for travel or storage. Size 46" × 24".
Rated 5/5 stars May 30, 2019
I enjoy my hammock very much
By B. R. from Grand Island, FL
Rated ⅘ stars August 5, 2018
I liked the product. However, I wish it had the same size inflatable foot rest. That way u can use as a seat as well. Service was great it came to me quick.
By C. V. from Williamstown, NJ
Rated 5/5 stars September 10, 2017
This lounge is perfect. Very durable and easy to pack up and take on any trip to the pool or the beach. Service is very helpful.
By T. C. from Channahon, IL
Rated 5/5 stars December 21, 2016
We ordered 2 and they worked great. They were easy to inflate and deflate and travel with. They were comfortable to use in the pool. Very happy. Great customer service and fast delivery.
By K. B. from Tonaeanda, NY
Rated 5/5 stars August 18, 2016
This item I bought knowing my daughter would enjoy the item swimming in the pool. She loves it.
By E. M. from North East, MD

subset: commoncrawl


text:
This is a VENT!!
It has made NATIONAL news about the wild animals being let loose near Zanesville, Ohio. What is my gripe? They are NOT taking the trouble to point out it is NOT the preserve/attraction The Wilds that is near there. This was a man who had all these wild animals and let them loose before he killed himself.
The Wilds is licensed, properly maintained and works with the Columbus Zoo to study the animals and keep them in natural habitat (as close as one can get in Ohio). The Wilds has spent a lot of time and effort to become a tourist attraction. Can you imagine what this story is going to do to them now and in the future? What would it have taken for them to include - This is NOT animals from The Wilds or something like that.


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Father's Day is just around the corner, and there are plenty of things to do with Dad in Fort Wayne, Indiana. Make the weekend memorable with these family-friendly events appropriate for dads and kids of all ages.
Father's Day in Fort Wayne, Indiana
1. Camp Out at the Fort Wayne Children's Zoo
The Fort Wayne Children's Zoo will be holding several "Sleep Under the Stars" events, starting on Father's Day weekend. Specifically for families with kids ages 5 and up (plus their parental unit), the camp out starts at 6 p.m. on Saturday night and ends at 9 a.m. on Sunday morning. Campers bring their own tents.
2. Father's Day 5K
Presented by the Associated Churches of Fort Wayne and Allen County, the Father's Day 5K event starts with registration at 7:30 a.m. Runners, walkers, and ruckers (rucksack or back pack haulers) are all eligible to complete the 5K course around Lakeside Park. Ruckers should carry 10 pounds of baby care items to donate to A Baby's Closet. Other fun events will include a Kid's Fun Run, face painting, a pancake breakfast, and more.
3. Hike with Dad
At Lindenwood Nature Preserve, there will be a Daddy Day Hike on Saturday from 10 -11 a.m. This event is stroller and wheelchair accessible, and is free.
4. Father's Day with the Tincaps
Catch a game on Saturday night (7:05 p.m.) or Sunday afternoon (1:05 p.m.) as the TinCaps battle it out with the Lake County Captains. Saturday night's game will feature post-game fireworks , and after Sunday's game, you can get your favorite player's or coach's autograph.
5. Botanical Conservatory Bugs
Want to try something a little quieter? Check out the Botanical Conservatory's "Migrations" live butterfly exhibit. After being checked by a docent, you may enter the butterfly tent to get some up-close experiences with the winged creatures. Butterflies have been known to land on visitors – and to try to hitchhike out of the tent! So be ready with your camera and don't forget to check your jackets for stowaways before leaving.
6. Night Time Nature Hike
If Dad had to work on the weekend – or you just wanted to rest - you have another chance to do something with him on Monday, June 17. Lindenwood Nature Preserve is hosting its first "Full Moon Hike" of the season. The Youth hike is for those ages 7 and under, with an adult, and it begins at 8 p.m. Hike on the Trail of Reflection (which is fully wheelchair/stroller accessible) down to the pond and back. Hikes last about 1 hour, and are free. Preregistration is required.


text:
Each year the Tacoma-Pierce County Chamber recognizes individuals, businesses and organizations making outstanding contributions to downtown Tacoma with New Tacoma Awards. This year the Chamber will honor New Tacoma Award nominees and winners at the City Center Luncheon on April 1st at the Pacific Grill Event Center. For more information on the program and to register for the event visit the event page on the Chamber's website.
The 2011 New Tacoma Award Nominees are:
Schoenfeld Award Recognizing exemplary performance and pizazz as a retailer or restaurateur
- 1022 South
- The Harmon Tap Room
- The Mix
- Harmon Hub
Ghilarducci Award Recognizing successful new development, renovation or beautification
- Spaceworks Tacoma
- The Joy Building, University of Washington Tacoma
- Ben Gilbert Park
Union Station Award Recognizing leading organizations, companies or individuals that have built or sustained momentum for revitalization
- Bruce Kendall, Economic Development Board for Tacoma-Pierce County
- Go Local - Shift Happens
- Theater District Association
Popham Award Recognizing the individual that has done the most to build "community spirit"
- Tammy Blount, Greater Tacoma Convention and Visitors Bureau
- Mike Longergan, KLAY Radio
- Craig Perry, Dock Street Marina
- Emily Reiter, Business Examiner
- Mark Van Cooney, Hotel Murano
Public Places Award Recognizing the best activation of a public park, open space or area within the public right-of-way
- Spaceworks Tacoma - 2 nominations
- The Projecting Drop
- Frost Park Chalk Artists
Congratulations to all the nominees!
Tuesday, March 22, 2011
Congratulations to the 2011 New Tacoma Award Nominees!
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text:
Generall Information
Booking and Payment
Generall Information
Rates and prices
How long can I cancel my reservation for free?
If you have made a guaranteed booking you can cancel two days in advance free of charge. Otherwise the full sum will be charged. For a non-guaranteed booking, the room will be vacated for you until 6 pm. Cancellation is free of charge but your claim to the room expires after 6 pm..


text:
"Neither of [the leaks] came from the Russians. The source had legal access to the information. The documents came from inside leaks, not hacks." Craig Murray, who is a former British ambassador to Uzbekistan, said he was involved in the email leaking operation.
Murray claimed he personally received some of the emails from "disgusted" Democratic whistleblowers during a secret hand-off in Washington.
Read the Washington Examiner article http://www.washingtonexaminer.com/wikileaks-operative-clinton-campaign-emails-came-from-inside-leaks-not-russian-hackers/article/2609692
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text:
8 bars56 g toffee candy, smacked
2/3 cup 150 ml Carnation® Evaporated Milk
1 pkg510 to 515 g chocolate cake mix
3/4 cup175 ml butter or margarine, melted
1 cup250 ml finely chopped pecans
2 cups500 ml semi-sweet chocolate chips
: Preheat oven to 350°F. Place toffee and 1?3 cup evaporated milk in the top of a double boiler or heat-proof medium bowl set over boiling water. Cook, stirring occasionally, for about 30 minutes or until completely melted and smooth.
: Meanwhile, in a large bowl, stir cake mix, butter and remaining evaporated milk until smooth. Stir in pecans. Press 2 cups of cake mixture into the bottom of a parchment paper-lined 13 x 9 inch pan. Bake 10 minutes. Sprinkle chocolate chips evenly over cake base. Spread toffee mixture over top. Crumble remaining cake mixture evenly over toffee. Bake in centre of oven for about 15 minutes, or until lightly browned around the edges. Cool in pan on rack. Refrigerate for about 2 hours, or until firm. Lift out of pan onto cutting board. Cut into bars.
Prep Time:15 minutes
Prep Time:45 minutes
Cook Time:10 minutes
Prep Time:10 minutes
Prep Time:2 hours
Prep Time:40 minutes
Prep Time:35 minutes
Prep Time:25 minutes
Cook Time:15 minutes
Prep Time:30 minutes
Prep Time:20 minutes
Cook Time:5 minutes
Cook Time:20 minutes
Prep Time:5 minutes
Prep Time:20 minutes (includes cooking apples)
Cook Time:50-55 minutes
Prep Time:30 minutes plus chilling time
Prep Time:20 minutes + 30 minutes chilling time
Prep Time:10 minutes, plus chilling time
Cook Time:10 minutes
Prep Time:20 minutes + chilling time
Prep Time:20 minutes, plus 15 minutes refrigeration
Prep Time:5 minutes, plus straining
Prep Time:5 minutes, plus chilling time
Cook Time:12-15 minutes
Prep Time:15 minutes, plus 1 hour resting time
Cook Time:13 minutes
Cook Time:75-90 minutes
Cook Time:40 to 45 minutes for cake, 10 minutes for sauce
Prep Time:60 minutes
Cook Time:40 minutes + 2 hours cooling
Cook Time:45-50 minutes
Cook Time:55-60 minutes
Cook Time:5-7 minutes
Cook Time:35 minutes (flan), 5 minutes (sauce)
Cook Time:35 minutes
Prep Time:15 minutes + 2 hours chilling time
Cook Time:17 minutes
Cook Time:10 min
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text:
Prior to joining Hymans Robertson, John spent most of his career in executive level roles with a variety of product providers, including as Managing Director at NEST.
After gaining a B.Sc. and Ph.D. in Pure Mathematics from The University of Glasgow, he started his career as a trainee actuary at Standard Life in 1994. Since qualifying as an actuary, John has focused on marketing and distribution in pensions, savings and insurance.
John is a partner at Hymans Robertson LLP, based in their Edinburgh office, and is working in what's commonly described as "robo–advice". In essence, this involves making actuarial modelling accessible and meaningful to consumers as they seek to understand financial choices open to them.


text:
Mario and Sonic Inspired Birthday Party
Lots of great bright colours and attention to detail in design and extras included.Read More
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Posted by Kids Party Time | Brisbane, Kids Party Themes, Party Vendors | 0 |
Lots of great bright colours and attention to detail in design and extras included.Read More
Posted by Kids Party Time | Kids Party Themes, Melbourne, Party Vendors | 0 |
Love the colour combination. Something a bit different having both Mermaid and Unicorns – great styling.Read More
How super cute is this first birthday party? Love the design, imagery, colours and attention to detail.Read More
Love all the colours used in the First Birthday Party and the Balloons look Fantastic.Read More
This looks like alot of fun and is certainly a different concept from the normal. Love it for being different, bright and fun.Read More
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text:
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[73] There was nothing to be done, we were victims enwound in a new labyrinth, and the idea of washing had begun to grow pleasant, so we asked him instead to show us the bath, and after throwing off our clothes, which Giton began to dry in the front hall, we went in. It was a tiny place like a cold-water cistern, and Trimalchio was standing upright in it. We were not allowed to escape his filthy bragging even there; he declared that there was nothing nicer than washing out of a crowd, and told us that there had once been a bakery on that very spot. He then became tired and sat down, and the echoes of the bathroom encouraged him to open his tipsy jaws to the ceiling and begin to murder Menecrates's songs,1 as I was told by those who could under[p. 145] stand what he said. Other guests joined hands and ran round the edge of the bath, roaring with obstreperous laughter at the top of their voices. Some again had their hands tied behind their backs and tried to pick up rings from the floor, or knelt down and bent their heads backwards and tried to touch the tips of their toes. While the others were amusing themselves, we went down into a deep bath which was being heated for Trimalchio. Then, having got rid of the effects of our liquor, we were led into another dining-room, where Fortunata had laid out her treasures, so that over the lamps I saw . . . . little bronze fishermen, and tables of solid silver, and china cups with gold settings, and wine being strained through a cloth before our eyes. Then Trimalchio said, "Gentlemen, a slave of mine is celebrating his first shave to-day: an honest, cheeseparing fellow, in a good hour be it spoken. So let us drink deep2 and keep up dinner till dawn."
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 United States License.
An XML version of this text is available for download, with the additional restriction that you offer Perseus any modifications you make. Perseus provides credit for all accepted changes, storing new additions in a versioning system.


text:
We play well with others.SO YOUR BUSINESS IS SEAMLESS.
Centralized property management, with streamlined tasks and website portals.
Manage your HOA association finances online. Brilliant board reports keep HOAs informed.
Combined accounting and banking. Daily reconciliation of accounts, ACH options, lockboxes and more.
Have a Question? Click here or call 855.943.8246


text:
7 Simple Steps for a Successful Google Ads Campaign
Discover the secret formula for growing your business using Google Ads.
This book will help you use Google Ads to drive high quality visitors to your website without spending a fortune.
30 Point Google Ads Audit Checklist
Learn how to audit all the key components of your Google Ads account.
This essential tool will help you to reduce wasted spend, drive more high quality visitors to your site, and increase conversions.
Top 10 Tips for Writing Better Google Ads
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Google Ads Online Training Course
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Want to get some tips on how to improve your current online presence?
Want to find out if The PPC Machine could help your business grow?
Click the button below to book your free 15 minute call.
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text:
do you have a favourite dish?
Elegant dining meets fun and individual additions making your day truly memorable for you and your guests. And for your evening celebrations, we can create a spectacular reception to complete your perfect day.call us to discuss 01920 885 233 call us to discuss: 01920 885 233
sample menus
view menus
Chef and his team have designed a number of set menus for you to choose from - or you can create your own of course!


text:
Ella Roggow, MAcOM, LAc, LMT
Ella is a health care provider known for her gentle approach, effective treatments, and the uncommon dedication she holds for her patients. She maintains a private practice in Portland, Oregon – open to all, with a specialty of working with men and women who are navigating cancer care.
Licensed as an Acupuncturist by the Oregon Board of Medical Examiners, Ella holds a Masters in Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine as well as National Certification as a Diplomat in Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine. She is also a Licensed Massage Therapist.
Ella is an advocate for the advancement of integrative medicine. She entered Oregon College of Oriental Medicine with this proclivity, and while she was completing her Masters Degree she worked for and was mentored by a neurosurgeon. His integrity and dedication were deeply inspiring, and the experience further reinforced her belief that the effective care can come from many directions – including allopathic/medical approaches. For years she has worked with physicians to provide truly integrative options for oncology patients. She serves on the Integrative Cancer Care Advisory Board with Legacy Good Samaritan Hospital, presented to the Legacy Good Samaritan Hospital Breast Cancer Support Group, and was a member of the Ethics Steering Committee of Oregon Association of Acupuncture.
Her expertise is the result of twenty-plus years of experience. First and foremost, Ella is a clinician. The vast majority of her time is spent working hands-on with her patients.
One of Ella's favorite stories is about a man walking on a beach after a storm. The beach is covered with starfish that washed ashore. There are thousands of them stranded, as far as the eye can see. He walks along slowly, carefully picking them up one by one, and he throws them back into the water. A woman walks up and says, "What are you doing? There are so many starfish on this beach. You can't possibly make a difference." He pauses, picks up the next starfish, tosses it into the water and says to her, "It made a difference to that one."


text:
BeefJack: 'Rainy Day' badge -- "It's been a long-time favourite on mobiles, but Hero Academy doesn't transfer quite so well from your smartphone to your PC monitor."
N4G is a community of gamers posting and discussing the latest game news. It's part of NewsBoiler, a network of social news sites covering today's pop culture.


text:
Emeritus Membership is a special designation that has been given to a select group of long-standing NCEDA members who have retired from their career in economic development.
The 2020 Emeritus Membership application/nomination period will open in April.
NCEDA Emeritus Members
Mark Clasby
Bud Cohoon
Herb Crenshaw
Bob Leak Sr.
Bonnie Renfro
Linda Weiner
Richard Wiley


text: Atlanta's a big place, so what do you care if someone's stealing Barbies all the way across town? Get hood-specific haps, from EveryBlock. Just launched in ATL, EB tidily and chronologically presents nabe data gathered from websites, police reports, government resources, and newspapers, so now when those kids selling AJC subscriptions for charity show up on your doorstep, you can talk about something besides business. Just input your zip, hood, or address, and EB'll return constantly updated daily reports on freshly registered businesses and liquor licenses, local coupons/sales, real estate listings, police reports, and nightclub/restaurant health code violations, so you'll know where to pretend you just ate a finger. You can also track word-of-mouth info in your zone via aggregated social media outlets, including Yelp business reviews (Fox Theater: five stars; Babs restaurant: 1), geo-tagged Craigslist updates of for-sale goods and lost-and-found stuff, film screenings posted by area bloggers, and Flickr albums from other block-loving locals, where you can continue being upset about how many oil-soaked, underwear'd men pranced around without you two weeks ago in Brownwood. And yes, that really happened. You can also subscribe to RSS feeds for any hoods you like, and EB'll drop the local goods directly into your feed reader or inbox every day; they also just dropped a free iPhone app that updates once a day, so even on the go, you Ken keep on top of everything.


text:
Hi All
Up For Sale is Breitling Bentley Midnight GMT Carbon Limited Edition 1000 Pieces (49mm)
Black Steel Case fitted on the Black Rubber Strap
Reference Number: M47362
Condition: Good. The watch has some scuffs and scratches mostly on the side of the case, the rubber is in very good shape. Please See Photos
The watch rubber strap will fit approx. 18-18.5cm (7-7.3inch) wrist-size
Purchased in 2011 on Carribean Islands from Authorised Dealer
The Watch Comes With Boxes and Papers Including International Warranty, Limited Edition Certificate, COSC Certificate and Instructions Booklet
My Price 5.700EUR / 60.000SEK Shipped to Sweden (1-Day Delivery with TNT Express / DHL Express / FedEx Priority)
Payment Method Preferably by Bank Wire or Paypal (I reserve the right to decline Paypal in some circumstances)
Face To Face Deal is Possible in Dresden (GER) or in Prague (CZ)
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Plenty of References as a Seller, You can search them (google) or ask me I will provide.
Please Notice: Serial Numbers, Limited Edition Numbers, Case Numbers, Movement Numbers on the photos are blurred solely by me against Scammers and other Internet Criminals. They are not removed or polished away.


text:
'Parks & Recreation': Final Season Heads Into The Future – Promo
Pawnee better prepare themselves — 2017 ain't pretty! The new trailer for the final season of 'Parks & Recreation' fast forwards to a time where everything is different. Watch!
Is Parks & Recreation really coming to an end. Sadly, yes and that final season begins on January 13. However, we still have a whole season of hilarious bang-rocking Leslie (Amy Poehler) and an amazing Andy (Chris Pratt) turned into a ninja.
'Parks & Recreation' Final Season
"Take my hand, let's get in bed like in The Notebook," Leslie says to Ben in the opening, while they're discovering the new Pawnee.
During the finale last season, we learned that everything changes in the future.
In the trailer, we see that Chris Pratt's character is a complete hottie as a karate TV star. Tom (Aziz Ansari) has also turned into a wealthy mogul!
Oh yeah, and there are drones. It seams the only thing that's stayed consistent is Jerry/Larry/Garry — Jim O'Heir is still not called the right name and now actually goes by Terry.
What's Coming For 2017?
Now we have to think for one minute — what will be going on in 2017 in the real world? And will Leslie be able to brag that there's a woman named the President (we can hope, right?)
Are you ready for Parks & Recreation to come to an end? I know I'm not. Aziz shared a picture of the cast on the last day of shooting on Dec. 12, and well, it was sad.
Our last day filming on Parks and Rec. I'm gonna miss this glorious cast and crew very much. #ThankYouParksCrew pic.twitter.com/aQoNxj6HGE
— Aziz Ansari (@azizansari) December 13, 2014
Let us know what you think of the trailer! The farewell season begins on NBC on Jan. 13.
— Emily Longeretta
Follow @EmilyLongeretta


text:
Electronics Manufacturing Solutions
ICA offers a solution for all aspects of Electronics Contract Manufacturing. We use the latest technology in both the manufacturing and the testing of complex designs. Our customers' products represent a wide variety of applications, from medical, telecommunications, semi-conductor, computer networking, and industry controls markets.
CNC Machining
Product Design
We are engineers and entrepreneurs and can supplement your current technical team or provide complete engineering services. As engineering leaders we understand our customers needs to adhere to budget, we therefore provide fixed bid quotes and work to performance milestones as we execute your projects.
UV Printing
ICA has all the latest technology to print graphic display materials which will exceed your expectations. Our UV Flatbed Printer and Digital Silkscreening equipment gives us the capacity to create breathtaking full color images, on a variety of surfaces. We can produce intricate Front Panel Displays to simple Part Marking.
Conformal Coating Services
With the vast range of electronics in today's world, printed circuit boards are required to perform in a huge range of environments tolerant of moisture, salt, chemicals and temperature changes to name a few. Conformal coatings are designed to protect the electronic components from these varying conditions and prevent the board from corroding.
Manufacturing Solutions For Your Business
At ICA, we are a production solutions company focused on enabling companies that have their sights set on changing the world – it's the core of our existence, and the guiding force driving us to become the most vertically integrated technology company in the Southwest. Whether we're serving one of the world's biggest and best-known brands or the newest and coolest tech startups, our determination never wavers. We share common desires and values with these companies: to make a difference by empowering a better, healthier, safer and smarter world.
ICA offers total solutions from Design to Production for all PCB assembly CNC machining services, metal fabrication & welding along with UV Printing and Conformal Coating . We use the latest technology in both the manufacturing and the testing of complex designs. Our customers' products represent a wide variety of applications, from medical, telecommunications, semi-conductor, computer networking, and industry controls markets.
We are focused on delivering excellence in performance, manufacturing flexibility, and leading edge technology. Our objective is to deliver our products to customers with uncompromising quality, on time, every time.
Talk Like An Engineer
We all know one and rely on them in our time of need. Yet for all of their creativity, practicality and value an engineer will default to tech talk...
LED Heart-Rate Monitoring
The 80's brought us many memorable things from Atari's to Sony Walkman's. One of our favorites though was from Polar Electro, or Polar, which was...
Ms.May: Made in America
Video - Ms. May: Made In America
153 175
"A Production Solutions Company"
• ICA provides world-class Electronics Manufacturing Services (EMS) 🇺🇸
ICA is registered to ISO 9001:2008 AS9100:2009 REV. C. The management and employees at ICA are committed to establish, document, implement, maintain, and continually improve the quality management system at ICA to ensure that products and services exceed customer requirements.


text: Wishlist Nenohi Cowry-X Yanagi 300mm (11.8") 99455 $2,600.00 The Nenohi Keyaki represents some of the best single bevel craftsmanship available from Japan. These knives are very limited as the steel used, Cowry-X, is now discontinued by the manufacturer. Cowry-X is known to be highly wear resistant with a very... Add to Cart Add to Wishlist Decrease Quantity: Increase Quantity:


text:
Imperial Irrigation DistrictHome Menu
Call Before You Dig
If you're planning to landscape your yard, or build an addition to your home, be sure to call before you dig!
Call the Underground Service Alert, toll-free, at 8-1-1 or 1-800-422-4133, two working days before you begin a project. Experts will locate electric, gas, telephone, water and sewer lines on your land.


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Legendary jazz singer Al Jarreau has died, TMZ reports. Just a few days ago, Jarreau announced that he would retire from touring after being hospitalized due to exhaustion. He was 76.
Jarreau was born in Milwaukee, Wisconsin in 1940. His father was a minister and a singer and his mother was a church pianist, and he began singing from an early age. In 1969, after forming a duo with guitarist Julio Martinez, he moved to Los Angeles to pursue a career in jazz, where he was discovered and signed by Warner Bros. Records. His first album, 1975's We Got By, was a critical and commercial success, and he won the first of seven Grammy Awards in 1977 for his live album Look To The Rainbow.
Jarreau is survived by his wife Susan and his son Ryan. Revisit his work below.


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There aren't likely many U.S. taxpayers who would welcome a bit of inquiry from the Internal Revenue Service. IRS audits are not fun and have a way of draining the target emotionally and financially. Those are the reasons why anyone embroiled in a controversy over taxes and facing an audit is wisely advised to seek the help of an experienced attorney.
Andrew Jarvis may be the exception to the rule, however. He has apparently gone to such extreme lengths to document that he has run his business in a completely aboveboard manner and properly paid all of his taxes that he says, "I kind of wouldn't mind" an IRS audit.
We figure this is someone our Washington readers would like to know more about.
Jarvis' attention to detail is apparently deeply ingrained in his character. He's an architect -- a job that demands particular precision. He lives in Philadelphia. But in 2012 he opened a branch office in New York and began renting an apartment there.
As a matter of practice he began splitting his time between the two cities, making sure that he spends 49 percent of his time in New York and 51 percent of his time at his Philadelphia home.
Being a man of vision, he began to wonder what might happen if he were to come under IRS audit scrutiny. As a preemptive measure, he launched a documentary effort that features all the things one might expect, such as saving receipts for expenses, including Easy Pass records and train ticket stubs.
As an added measure, he began to randomly take time-stamped digital photos of himself. Each one features a straight-faced Jarvis in the foreground with his Philadelphia home in the background. In addition to being time-stamped, some pictures feature Jarvis holding newspapers showing the day's date.
Jarvis' daughter found the images last week and found them so funny she felt compelled to create the InternalRevenueSelfies Instagram page.
Jarvis isn't angry about the move, though he admits he worries it might be tempting fate. He says he isn't looking to be audited. But he says, considering what he's gone through to record his business doings, "it would be nice to share it with someone to prove I've done my work."
Source: Time, "This Man Is Using Selfies as A Weapon To Fight Off The IRS," Laura Stampler, March 19, 2014


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Tonight was the final cotillion class. It was amazing and Child 3 won a prize for dancing which was fabulous except for the fact that it was cookies made with regular flour. So I told her I would buy her a prize and she cheered right up. She looked lovely, even with the blue eye-shadow I told her she wasn't allowed to wear. (Yes, Child 3, I noticed the eye-shadow. And lipstick. And blush. Sigh.)
You know what is better than a brownie? Definitely not swimming with crocodiles. This giant croc in Australia decided to go surfing and they had to close the beach for a whole day.


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Sean Kennedy
Sean Kennedy serves as Director of Research for Citizens Against Government Waste, a private, non-partisan, non-profit organization representing more than one million members and supporters nationwide. Sean specializes in the congressional appropriations process, defense and national security policy, and increasing transparency and good governance. He also assists with communications strategies. Sean received his B.A. from Westminster College, and earned a master's degree from American University focusing on security studies.


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I just purchased Magma, installed 1.66. It's a great concept, however I have had my machine lock-up close to a dozen times in the first hour of use, on a machine that is as stable as a rock, and hasn't had a single crash in nearly 3 years of running daily with a heavy load. I've beta tested lots of software, and am a tech, so I know my way around. It's no one thing that causes the crashs. It also takes out my ASIO driver, so I have to hard reset the machine. I've uninstalled the product for now.
My reason for writing is I know the situation is in flux at the moment, and you guys will be having a look at the state of the software, code etc. I just want to ask that you take a look at magma, please. I would like to be able to use in my productions at some point in the future. Also I am happy to provide proper detailed feedback in the various ways it currently crashes, and I'm sure I can find new ones.
I wish you luck in your new endeavors.
Rather than start a new thread .... Just wanted to echo the previous post. As long time NF user I just purchased Magma (recent Don't Crack Sale).
Software is buggy and crashes Constantly and Consistently! It has been uninstalled until further progress can be made.
Tried Magma 1.6.6 and 1.6.5 Reaperx64 Win10x64
In the interim, would it be possible for your team to code a mfx wrapper that would load a single effect until the rack gets sorted?
Hi guys,
Sorry for the late reply on that one.
We are aware that Magma can be buggy with certain DAWS, under certain circumstances.
When we took over Nomad Factory sometime ago we looked at the complete product line and we have decided that we would migrate all products to a new framework. That will greatly help us improve the overall products stability on so many OS systems and DAWs.
But as you can imagine, migrating over 70 products to a new framework is very difficult and time consuming. The new framework is ready and we will shortly launch products that will gain great stability.
We might extract all individual plugins from Magma and make them available to Magma users but again, that is 100 plugins that we need to migrate to the new framework.
We're on it and we'll keep you posted ASAP.
Thank you for your patience and your understanding.
Thanks for the reply: It helps knowing that Magma has not been abandoned. If I am able to provide any help in the process please feel free to contact me.
That is very kind of you.
We'll definitely get back to you at beta stage...
Any update on the update for Sierra please?
Hi all,
For any/all technical issues, please contact our support team via our http://help.nomadfactory.com site. They shall be able to assist where possible to address problems.
Please note, our developers are dedicated to fixing all outstanding issues (among developing new products) and are working to port products through our new framework. This indeed may take some time to oversee for a small team and extensive catalogue collection.
Best regards,
I'd love to have this work properly. As it is I don't use it because its never lasted longer than 20 minutes before crashing.
Reaper, win 10
It's a great idea,please keep us informed as to progress.
Best regards
Hi all,
Just to keep you updated, we have a huge extensive catalogue to port through our new framework, this indeed taking some time with a small development team. @airbeat, you may not have been aware but our Nomad Factory CEO passed away from 3 year battle with Cancer so during that time also development was staggered (as you may well expect), and ourselves now having taken over have had the huge task to go through old code and refresh. That is also why new products have come to light as they have been easier projects to start and push. We have to continue as a business and releasing new products, right?
We look forward to releasing updates such as you may have seen also recent with BBE Sonic Sweet (done through our new framework).
Best regards,
No news yet ? I still can't use Magma or Garbage too buggy...
airbeat, boone777,
Please kindly contact our support team at Nomad Factory of any issues you may be having / tech support...
Our team will be there to assist.
Hi guys,
Posting links to KVR doesn't really help if you haven't contacted us direct to detail any issues we can put to our developers with step-by-step repro cases to debug!
To update in short, Nomad Factory has been in a state of transition after its CEO sadly passed away, we have been keeping the company healthy buy bringing new products to market with our developers alongside working in other areas with a new framework to enable such updates to legacy code and softwares. The reason for no updates at this time is simply that we ar working on it and there are a lot of code braces our team need to port to the new framework, QA, cleanse, work on new graphics for components, marketing, etc etc. It's a huge job and not a quick fix under the hood to patch and work bug fixes too! In addition we need to update our databases and back-end to A ) move to a more stable method for authorizing, as as you may see we have multiple with Authorizor applications, B ) work a new website with a store.
Thanks for your patience, such things do take time to work out.
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Simple, healthy choices can decrease the risk of Seasonal Affective Disorder.
From Psychology Today December 18, 2018 by Suzanne Degges-White Ph.D.
The shortest day of the year, the Winter Solstice, is a marker that the darkest days are behind us and the sun is going to be shining longer each of the coming days as we end one year to begin another. Unfortunately, by the time that we reach this milestone and a promise of a less distant Spring, your body may still be suffering ill effects from the recent weeks of decreasing periods of sunlight as well as exhaustion from all of the pre-holiday preparations that so many of us allow to suck up too much of our time.
Staying "Merry and Bright" Takes a Lot of Energy
It makes sense that the human response to the naturally increasing darkness is to fill it with light and activities to combat the gloominess of the late autumn and early winter days. In November, when we really notice that daylight is shifting its balance with the night sky, we are beginning the preparations for family gatherings and keeping the oven humming and the sideboard groaning with rich and decadent foods. We're eating more simple carbohydrates, often increasing alcohol intake, and spending less time engaged in outdoor activities. Workout regimens also may be more frequently disrupted by lack of motivation or schedule conflicts. Many find it easier to expend calories baking or reaching for another treat than to show up at the gym. And once motivation starts falling, it can take a lot more energy to build it back up than if it had been maintained all along.
The Winter Doldrums Are a Real Thing
The onset of seasonal affective disorder (SAD) is ushered in as the level of natural sunlight available each day decreases. Many species in the animal world adapt to this change with hibernation periods. In the US, many humans adapt to this change by spending winters as far south as they can to avoid the bitter cold and the darker days.
Essential Cycle: Sunlight to Serotonin to Melatonin to Sleep to Peace and Contentment
The shortening of our daylight hours can wreak havoc on our Circadian rhythms. Exposure to sunlight positively influences our brain's production of neurochemicals that keep our moods balanced. Sunlight cues our bodies to produce Vitamin D, which is often found to be deficient in individuals who suffer from depression (Cuomo, Giordano, Goracci, & Fagiolini, 2017). Serotonin production is helped along by natural light exposure and serotonin leads to melatonin production, which helps ensure our sleep-wake cycle stays organized. When there's less light, there's less serotonin, which leads to less melatonin, which leads to less sleep, which can lead to feeling tired, cranky, and depressed. Our brains are amazing machines that do their best to keep up with the rapidly changing world, but when we try to force our brain chemistry to respond to unnatural, controlled environments such as work schedules that don't shift with the seasons, exposure to non-stop electronic entertainment/bombardment, and other treats/risks of modern life, we can end up having to "treat" problems that might not occur if we were able to follow the natural order of things.
Finding the Right Balance/Light Balance
While sunlight encourages the production of serotonin, it's also tangentially increasing the production of melatonin, the chemical that regulates healthy sleep. One way to handle SAD is to integrate light therapy (bright natural light; lightboxes; high quality, non-flickering fluorescent light bulbs; sunlight-mimicking bulbs) at the start of your morning. This jumpstarts the brain into producing the feel-good, do-good neurochemical serotonin.article continues after advertisement
While serotonin production is ramping up through light exposure, the production of natural melatonin is kick-started, too. At the end of the day, when you are preparing for sleep, you can take a melatonin supplement to help re-regulate your Circadian rhythm. As the brain's chemistry is getting back on schedule, your mood will also reflect the balance and symptoms of depression should ease up.
Eat Healthy to Decrease Depression
Avoid simple carbohydrates, processed foods, and sugar. All of these can upset your brain's delicate neurochemical symphony. Stick to complex carbohydrates that provide better "fuel economy" to your body than junk food can. In fact, a healthy diet has been linked to stronger feelings of optimism (Kargakou, Sachlas, Lyrakos, et al., 2017). Avoiding preservatives and choosing fresh foods will be better for your body and your attitude. Depression is marked by feelings of hopelessness; this suggests that the optimism borne of a healthy diet is worth the effort.
Keep Hydrated with Water, Not Lubricated with Alcohol, or Hopped Up on Caffeine
Dehydration can mimic symptoms of depression, so make sure that you're taking in an adequate supply of water (Pross, Demazieres, Girard, et al., 2014). Avoid or limit caffeine, alcohol, and other high-sugar or artificially sweetened beverages. These beverages affect sleep, too, which affects mood. No component of our amazing body works independently of any other system – simply being alive is the production of a symphony made up of many players and many well-calibrated movements of every cell.article continues after advertisement
Out-Run, Out-Stretch, and Outsmart the Winter Doldrums
Physical activity, rather than couch-potato sitting, will help you get through the darkest winter day with as bright a mood possible. Aerobic exercise is especially helpful in getting your brain on track with the production of serotonin and endorphins (Munuswamy, Preetha, & Priya, 2018). Walk the dog, park far away from the grocery store or after-holiday sales, or get on the treadmill. All of these can help stimulate the body's natural mood-balancing techniques.
Meditation and Yoga balance Moods
Aside from the heavy-duty physical work-outs, you can also exercise your mind and body through more gentle means that can lead to a balanced mood state (Travis, Valosek, Konrad, et al., 2018). Mediation has been proven to enhance well-being and bring calm even in times of catastrophic illness and stress (Lemanne & Maizes, 2018). When your brain is in a meditative state, you're actually quieting the regions of the brain associated with stress and worry while providing greater opportunities for the work of the regions associated with healthy psychological and physical functioning. Tai Chi is another gentle method for combatting feelings of depression (Zou et al., 2018). Activities that bring a balance between mind and body are highly effective in bringing balance to all aspects of your life.
Hopefulness about the Future
The frenzy of the winter holidays can lead to an overall post-holiday, gloomy January funk for many. Comparing the "blah" of January with the "bling" of December is not a pleasing thought. Add in a couple of quickly failed New Year's resolutions and the days seem even more depressing. Recognize that what you're feeling is a normal reaction to what's going on around you. Also, recognize that you have the tools needed to ensure that you don't fall too far into a bout of SAD. For protection against SAD, eat right, drink plenty of healthy fluids, and get active. If you are suffering from seasonal depression, research shows that light therapy is as effective as psychotherapy such as CBT might be (Meyerhoff, Young, & Rohan, 2018). Not only that, light therapy provides more rapid relief to symptoms such as insomnia, anxiety, hypersomnia, and social withdrawal. Make healthy choices, keep your body moving, and find the light and you'll be well prepared to tackle the winter blues.


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|Boletín CF+S > 45: La reina roja > http://habitat.aq.upm.es/boletin/n45/ae-fusion-en.html
When approaching the question of fusion energy one should begin by taking a viewpoint appropriate to technological policy, fusion energy being a technological development project aimed at building an entirely new artifact to be exploited commercially.
To think of evaluating fusion energy in terms of the usual academic practice of assessing research and development (R&D) projects makes very little sense. Quite apart from the dubious usefulness of such efforts, in the case of fusion energy the essential data are not only not available, they are not even likely to exist. But it is possible to apply to fusion energy the general concepts and criteria that are usually employed when assessing the feasibility of projects of the same type.
For a technological development project to be accepted as feasible it must fulfil at least three indispensable conditions:
Let us then begin by considering time schedules. The time scale is crucial to technological development projects, which is why this is the best tool to nail the fusion energy myth. Putting the fusion problem over the time's arrow, one immediately realises the extent to which discussion of this source of energy is falsified and useless.
The brief history of fusion energy begins in the military realm. In the process of developing the first atomic bomb, which, as is well known, was carried out in the research centre of Los Alamos during the Second World War, some scientists began making some small-scale studies on the possibility of building a fusion nuclear bomb.
However, after 1945 movements in favour of international control of nuclear weapons, in which some of the key scientists of the Los Alamos team were involved, slowed down nuclear research until the explosion of the first Soviet atomic bomb in October 1949 started the Cold War.
From this moment onwards, military pressure in favour of building a
superbomb or H-bomb imposed itself very quickly in
spite of the contrary opinion of many
repenting atomic
scientists, like Oppenheimer himself, the father of the atomic
bomb[3]. In
January 1951 Truman gave orders to start the research program,
as well as the test explosions needed for developing the H-bomb, the
technological principle of which would later lead to conceiving the
nuclear fusion reactor.
As had happened some years earlier with the atomic bomb, the scientific community and the military lobbies began advertising the rich possibilities offered by nuclear fusion energy for peaceful purposes, in an attempt to convince the population that in a relatively short time what was then an awful, destructive weapon would become a new and inexhaustible source of energy, an even better one than fission nuclear power.
Consequently, in the late fifties, Rand Corporation carried out a technological development study —the first study in which the Delphi method for the organised consulting of experts on the future of the technological development was used—. The study focussed mainly on future military technology, but it also included some peaceful applications that derived from military technology.
The leading specialists were asked specifically to estimate the date at which fusion energy would be available. They gave dates that ranged from 1978 to 2000, with the year 1985 as the arithmetic mean. So the experts of the 1950s estimated that there was a 50% likelihood that fusion would be commercially available by 1985[4].
Ever since, new forecasts have been made which have proposed later and later dates, although always calculated to fit within the life expectations of the adult generation of the time. Less than two years ago, Manuel Castells, one of the best-known gurus on social and technological change in Spain, stated that «there is a 50% likelihood that in the next twenty years the fusion structure will have been developed commercially»[5]. Given the structure of his wording, he must have been basing himself on some of the Delphi studies carried out in previous years on the matter.
Although the fusion research field has always been notoriously opaque, recent media interest in experiments carried out with the JET reactor in the United Kingdom has revealed the current state of this technology.
A little over a year ago, Cayetano López, Professor in physics and Chancellor at Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, explained the research situation as well as the prospects concerning the commercial use of fusion energy in a carefully written article for issue 9 of Claves magazine.
After giving details of recent progress in the field and likely progress in the foreseeable future, this distinguished author, a qualified representative of the scientific community working in the fusion field, concludes:
...an experimental fusion plant generating electricity under conditions close to those of a commercial plant could be available around 2025-2030, and a prototype for a usable reactor between ten and twenty years later. This, however, would be conditional on the necessary funding, which will require significant sums with all the different phases of the building of new devices. And it is not possible to shorten the time periods significantly, as these are imposed by the sequential nature of the processes of design, construction and operation of an intermediate device, so as to obtain new knowledge that can be incorporated into the design and construction of each successive device.Cayetano López, 1991
Given the nature of the electricity industry, several decades will have to go by between the availability of a first exploitable world reactor and the creation of a genuine thermonuclear industry, with multiple plants in each of the main consumer countries. Consequently, from today's perspective it seems obvious that there is no likelihood of this type of energy becoming crucial to energy supply before the last third of the 21st century.
One can, therefore, take as the earliest possible moment in which fusion energy may become a significant energy source the 2070s. This is the most optimistic hypothesis, and it excludes consideration of future problems that may leave today's predictions —even the technically solvent, regardless of the speculation of gurus— in a position similar to those of the Rand Corporation prospective.
In truth, taking into account what has been happening since the notion of fusion energy was first conceived, it is not at all likely that the process leading to its exploitation will be steady. As Cayetano López admits, research into certain critical areas of fusion technology, including one as crucial to the whole project as the production of tritium inside the reactor for the self-sustenance of the fusion reaction, has not actually started. Nobody knows what kinds of problems may appear in this and in other fundamental aspects of the whole project when they seriously begin to be tackled. A much safer prediction falta texto would be to consider fusion energy a source of energy belonging to the twenty-second century.
Discussion of the advantages and drawbacks of a source of energy is totally meaningless outside of its economic, social, ecological and technological context. At each moment, dirigida por... every society resorts to the kind of energy use that best suits its needs. In turn, the availability of the chosen energy sources reinforces and feeds back on the viability of the society.
In order to determine the prospect of fusion it is necessary, therefore, to leap again on the arrow of time and place oneself mentally perhaps in 2072, eight decades into the future, at the earliest time when the most optimistic hypotheses predict the commercial use of fusion energy.
Who can foretell the main features of a society at that point in time? What will be the political system, the social structure, the scientific and technological knowledge, the economic and productive structures and the perception of ecological problems, together with other crucial concerns that we cannot even imagine today?
It is obvious that any society will, by 2072, need to use energy. But who can tell what kind of energy, how much of it, where it will be needed, with what kind of distribution structure and for which purposes and uses? The moment we place the problem of fusion energy in its proper time context, it defies any rational horizon of analysis. It is simply not possible to approach the discussion of a problem —the fitness of fusion energy as an alternative to other sources of energy at a particular historical moment— the essential elements of which are by definition unknowable.
This conclusion seems obvious, but in order to make it even clearer it may be useful to take another leap in the arrow of time, this time backwards, and place ourselves mentally in 1912, that is, eight decades in the past, in order to consider the wisdom of making prospective social, economic or technological analyses.
From the political point of view, most of today's countries did not exist as independent entities in 1912. The October revolution had not yet taken place, so no community had yet had the experience of actual socialism; colonialism had not yet metamorphosed itself into the North- South complex of power relations. From a cultural and social perspective, consumer society had not yet materialised, there was no notion of ecology or of ecological problems, and most of the concepts and conflicts that articulate today's social structures in most countries in the world had yet to come into being.
Scientifically, it was only seven years after Albert Einstein's publication of his first essay on relativity and no one had ever heard of quantum mechanics or of solid-state physics, which would bring about electronics[6]. Organic chemistry was in its infancy, it was almost half a century before the earliest devolopments in computing, and there was, of course, no notion of the possibility of obtaining energy from atomic processes.
Electricity, the product one is referring to when discussing
fusion energy, was still defined, not in 1912, but as late as 1932, as «a
very powerful agent that manifests itself by forces of attraction and
repulsion, luminous sparks and plumes, by the commotions it occasions on
animal organisms, and by the chemical decompositions it effects»
(Enciclopedia Espasa, 1932). It is, of course, useless to look for terms
electronics or
ecology in this publication.
What kind of sense could it have made in 1912, apart from pure literary speculation, to discuss, on the basis of the knowledge and criteria of that time, the best ways of satisfying energy needs, or needs of any other type, that would prevail at the end of the century? None whatsoever. It makes no more sense doing this in relation to the year 2072[7].
When debating a present problem, or a problem related to a foreseable future, such as energy, nobody should be allowed to depart from the political, economic or technological frame proper to their time. Even less legitimate is any attempt to propose one's speculations about the remote future as the solution to real or foreseeable problems that are being discussed in the present. Which is exactly what has been done for the last half century, ever since a military laboratory gave birth to the notion of fusion energy.
The only possible rational debate on fusion energy should end here with an obvious conclusion: from the viewpoint of economic and technological policy, the only rational option is to cancel investment in fusion energy, for the simple reason that it is a technology whose development and use is not predictable or plannable from today's perspective. Specifically, there is a long list of reasons, which I will exemplify below.
Because of the long period of time that will have to pass before fusion energy can begin to be obtained, it can easily be shown in conventional economic and financial terms that the value of the cumulative research and development investments will not be recoverable. It may be interesting to try out some purely speculative estimates illustrative of the absurd economic presuppositions supporting the matter of fusion energy.
The yearly amount anticipated by the European Community (EC) in its third framework program for research in fusion energy is 120 million ecus[8]. Capitalizing an investment flux for this amount between 1990 and 2050 at an interest rate of 8%, a final value of 150.000 million ecus is obtained. Capitalization at a rate of 8% of world investment (estimated at around 1.000 million dollars annually) from the time when research began in the late 1950s until around the mid-21st century would add up the investment in research and development for fusion energy to more than 6 trillion dollars in 1992. And this is before fusion begins to pay back in economic terms, and using the most optimistic of hypothetical calendars.
The cost of paying off an account of this magnitude is equal to the cost today of building two thousand nuclear fusion plants producing 1 gigawatt each. It would be impossible in practice, no matter how low the discount rate applied to the future benefit to be obtained from the new fusion reactors.
The speed, considering the very long periods of time, with which one reaches this kind of financial absurdity illustrates the reasons why projects which take so long to develop, and surpass, therefore, the limits of the predictable, a time-span rarely exceeding two decades, are never undertaken. Considered from this perspective, fusion is an incomprehensible exception.
There are other energy resources —renewable, non-renewable, alternative and conventional— in which technology investments are sure to pay back more easily and in an incomparably shorter time schedule.
If, in spite of its obvious economic irrationality, the decision makers in developed countries insist in their purpose of developing fusion energy, it would be much more efficient to freeze the investments for the time being and wait a few decades for a time when the various critical technologies needed for its development, such as the development of superconductors, or new scientific theories and applicable knowledge, evolved along their own paths, a point which at this moment cannot even be glimpsed. In this way, the same point would be arrived at, but at an incomparably lower cumulative cost. And in the long intermediate time-span, resources might be freed for investment in energy sources that could be used at each stage.
For these and many other reasons, there is only one rational option in relation to fusion energy: to freeze investment immediately, specifically investment in the new International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER), and to wait a minimum of 25 to 30 years to assess the technological environment and the energetic panorama, taking the decisions on a better foundation[9]. The later this decision is taken, the more economic and ecological losses will be cumulating. Abandoning technological projects at different stages of their development, when it can be foreseen that they will not yield the expected results, is in fact a common practice, even, in some cases, after thousands of millions of dollars have already been invested.
In the previous pages I have tried to illustrate the impossibility of discussing the suitability of fusion energy in rational terms by placing discussion of its use in the economic and technological frame of reference where it belongs. If in spite of everything, discussion of the advantages and drawbacks of this type of energy is still desired for political, aesthetic or intellectual reasons, the debate will forcefully have to take place in the realm of fiction.
The intellectual freedom provided by fiction makes it possible to conceive of a purely imaginary situation in which fusion energy would be available immediately, or in a few years, for commercial use. Those taking part in a debate founded on these premises could wonder whether in this hypothetical situation it would make sense to start building the fusion nuclear plants. Those backing the building of the plants would argue for fusion energy being a clean, cheap and inexhaustible type of energy, while those opposing them would, of course, argue the opposite.
In relation to the first point, anyone arguing in favour of fusion energy will find it difficult to provide conclusive evidence. The European Community actually keeps commissioning studies on the environmental safety of fusion technology, which is far from being guaranteed. It also conditions long term investment in the environmental reliability of all the successive thermonuclear devices, which must be subject to the environmental compatibility criteria obtaining at each stage. As scientific knowledge and environmental awareness increase, these criteria become stricter.
Indeed, apart from the environmental problems related to cooling any large energy device, fusion plants also pose problems that have to do with radioactive contamination. The functioning of the reactor itself the production and use of tirium, which is a radioactive gas, even if this gas has a relatively short radioactive life (12 years). The hardest to solve, however, is finding the appropriate material for the inner wall of the vessel containing the fuel. It has been proved in today's experimental reactors that the neutron impact activates them, that is, the impact turns them into radioactive materials.
In a commercial reactor, radiation and the huge plasma temperatures —300 million degrees to reach ignition— would be so destructive that obtaining materials that will endure the 30-year life of the reactor is today unthinkable. They would have to be replaced every three or four years, if not earlier, which means that the main problem with fission nuclear power, the production of radioactive waste, would also be present, albeit in a perhaps muted version, in generating fusion energy.
Regarding its being a cheap, inexhaustible source, it is easily
demonstrated that fusion energy is not a miraculous shortcut to energy
plenty. Its basic
fuel, deuterium, is very plentiful, but the limits of
an energy supply do not only or primarily refer to fuel reserves. Other
factors may limit its use even more strictly.
Some scientists working on fusion have ventured to estimate that the amount of fuel, inexhaustible or otherwise, would scarcely involve one-per-one-thousandth of the total cost of the energy generated by a fusion reactor. The remaining 99.9% relates to fixed costs, mostly connected with repaying the enormous sums needed to build the reactor. An inexhaustible and cheap fuel is of little use if burning it demands building immensely expensive devices that raise the price of the energy thus obtained hundreds of thousands of times the cost of the providential fuel.
So the fictional debate must return to the very real conceptual problem of fusion energy, which lies in its intrinsic physical irrationality. The notion of creating temperatures of hundreds of millions of degrees in a hyper-sophisticated container, with all the technological complexity that this entails, in order to obtain from it the energy to heat a coffee pot at a hundred degrees, or to light an electric light bulb or to move a train, is in itself the greatest thermodynamic aberration imaginable: creating the highest quality energy (involving very low entropy) that has to then be degraded in successive transformations before it can be used in trivial applications. It is this physical irrationality and its translation into an economic irrationality that is the problem with fusion energy.
One can finally wonder about the reasons that keep the mad program for developing fusion energy alive.
It seems likely that the main reason is the interest of the scientific community linked to the program. Today, both in fundamental physics and in almost all fields of science, the professional and economic expectations of scientists are wholly conditioned by the volume of the research budgets they can obtain.
The leaders of the scientific establishment proposing fusion as the ultimate solution to energy problems are aware that this is the best manner of obtaining funding. Thus, in recent years they have managed to hoard above 60% of the EC energy research budgets. Another 25% is used to finance fission nuclear energy, while the remaining percentage has to be shared by research in all other sources of energy, with a purely symbolic amount assigned to renewable energies.
The manner in which the scientific leaders have been using convulsions in the energy market to obtain the large amounts that have repeatedly boosted the fusion program is highly illustrative. The Joint European Torus (JET), for instance, was scheduled to run until 1996, but the Gulf crisis provided a unique opportunity to attract governments' attention to fusion power. This is the reason why the final experiment program was brought forward several years. These experiments produced the maximum of energy that the machine is able to provide, but at the same time they burnt this energy and rendered it useless for subsequent uses, as they radioactively contaminated the nucleus of the reactor.
The first of these experiments was conducted a few months after the Gulf War and a few weeks before an EC Ministers' meeting in which they had to approve new credits for the fusion energy program. The experiment was presented to the international press as «confirming the feasibility of fusion as an energy source». A few months later not only did the EC agree to intensify research into fusion, but a joint agreement was reached between the US, the EC, Japan and the USSR (this was the last major international agreement signed by the USSR) to build a new experimental reactor, ITER, a much more powerful and costly one than the NET reactor planned in the EC program. A few months before the Gulf War the US had reduced its fusion energy program and the prevailing mood in the EC seemed to foretell a freeze in the European program.
It should be remembered that approval for the JET design was obtained in 1973, coinciding with the first oil crisis, and that its building, the costliest phase, was carried out between 1979 and 1982, at the time of the second oil crisis.
For their own part, the political leaders in Northern countries, who regularly sign these budget priorities, probably act through a variety of simultaneous impulses.
In the first place, they project the current geopolitical situation onto the future and imagine that even if developing fusion energy goes against any kind of energetic or economic rationality, it guarantees the long-term dominance of the developed Northern countries over mankind as a whole. By developing the exclusive fusion programs, technologically advanced countries can cherish the notion of hoarding also the one economic world monopoly that until now has slipped out of their hands: energy. Whereas large-scale technological development of renewable energies —much more feasible and with faster and safer prospects than fusion— would lead in exactly the opposite direction.
On the other hand, the idealized image of fusion nuclear energy to some extent justifies the very bad image attached to fission, the only kind of nuclear energy that is available today and that will be available for a long time. The existing nuclear power stations can thus be presented to the public as an inevitable stage in the development of nuclear energy, an intermediate stage in the development of the ultimate energetic solution. There are many other examples of this kind of technological manipulation: the electric car, the notion of future universal recycling...
One last and perhaps major reason is that the development of fusion
energy matches the global energy model on which the current economic
organization is based. By falsifying the dates on which the scientists
themselves assure the public that fusion energy will be available,
fusion can be presented as the
inexhaustible source that
will replace oil and the other conventional sources that are either
approaching depletion or subject to increasing environmental
In this approach they are conferred with democratic backing from their societies. The populations of advanced countries share with their leaders a self-interested faith in the chimera of fusion energy. The belief in an ultimate and close solution for the energy problems of mankind is the best alibi for not restating the current energetic model, based on the waste of energy and material goods, on an utterly irresponsible environmental permissiveness and on a radical inequality between the relative consumptions of the North and the South. Any of these reasons will show the current model as being unsustainable in the long term, and the combination of the three utterly disqualifies the model. But fusion would seem to endow it with a magical acceptability because it embodies the hope of a technological redemption that is crucial to the myths that hold advanced societies together.
For two generations of citizens in the advanced countries the long dream of fusion energy has worked as one of the main mechanisms legitimating an archaic notion of progress founded on endless growth of production and consumption at any cost for the Northern countries, a cost that includes the plundering of natural resources globally and the economic collapse of the South. The benefits of fusion energy may arrive, if they do, in the 22nd century, but its damages are already tangible.
[1]: 1948-2008, Industrial Engineer.
[2]: : First Spanish edition in AEDENAT (1993) Energía para el mañana. Conferencia sobre energía y equidad en un mundo sostenible, Madrid: Los Libros de la Catarata, pp. 171-185. For this second edition we have taken into account the handwritten corrections made by the author in a copy of the original 1993 edition found in 2010 in his library. All the following notes are editorial notes and have been added either to clarify the meaning of the text of 1993 or to update some facts that have changed from that date.
[3]: In the last days of October 1949 the General Advisory Committee (GAC) published a report on the recommendations for the development of the H- bomb. It included an appendix written by James B. Conant —president of Harvard University— and signed by Oppenheimer —then President of the Atomic Energy Commission (AEC)— which said: «We believe a superbomb should never be produced... In determining not to proceed to develop the super bomb, we see a unique opportunity of providing by example some limitations on the totality of war and thus of limiting the fear and arousing the hopes of mankind». «General Advisory Committee's Majority and Minority Reports on Building the H-Bomb».
[4]: The author refers to Brodie Bernand (1959) Strategy in the Missile Age. Rand Corporation. Available at: http://www.rand.org/pubs/commercial_books/CB137-1/
12 Events That Will Change Everything
Fusión energy
It would solve environmental headaches, but it remains hard to achieve
Probability that the event happened in 2050: Very Unlikely
According to the old quip, a practical fusion reactor will allways be [emphasis added] about 20 years away. Nowadays that feels a bit optimistic.
The world's largest plasma fusion research project, the ITER reactor in southern France, won't begin fusion experiments until 2026 at the earliest. Engineers will need to run tests on ITER for at least a decade before they will be ready to design the follow-up to that project —an experimental prototype that could extract usable energy from the fusing plasma trapped in a magnetic bottle. Yet another generation would pass before scientist could begin to build recators that send energy to the grid.
In theory, fusion-based power plants would provide the answer [to world's energy appetite]. They would be fueled by a form of heavy hydrogen found in ordinary seawater and would produce no harmful emissions—no sooty pollutants, no nuclear waste and no greenhouse gases [provided that all kind of waste produced during the construction and rehabilitation of the plant itself are not counted. The accounting of pollutant emissions from the first experiments in the fifties is to be done, but it is a debit that must be repaid by the first commercial fusion power plant, if it ever comes into existence].
In practice, however, fusion will probably not change the world as physicists have imagined. The technology needed to trigger and control self-sustaining fusion has proved elusive. Moreover, the first reactors will almost certainly be too expensive to deploy widely this century.
[Edward] Moses and others believe that the fastest route to harness fusion energy is to use a hybrid approach, employing fusion reactions to accelerate fission reactions in nuclear waste. This method [is] called LIFE (for «laser inertial fusion engine»).
Moses claims he could build an engineering prototype of the LIFE design by 2020 and connect a working power plant to the grid by 2030.
In other words, a practical fusion reactors is only about 20 years away
[emphasis added].Michael Mayer, Scientific American,
june 2010
Einstein, Albert (1905a) «Über einen die Erzeugung und Verwandlung des Lichtes betreffenden heuristischen Gesichtspunk» Annalen der Physik, 17: pp. 132-148. On a Heuristic Point of View Concerning the Production and Transformation of Light.
Einstein, Albert (1905b) Eine neue Bestimmung der molekulare Dimensionen. PhD thesis. A New Determination of Molecular Dimensions.
Einstein, Albert (1905c) «Über die von der molekularkinetischen Theorie der Wärme geforderte Bewegung von in ruhenden Flüssigkeiten suspendierten Teilchen» Annalen der Physik, n. 17: 549-560. On the Movement of Small Particles Suspended in Stationary Liquids Required by the Molecular-Kinetic Theory of Heat.
Einstein, Albert (1905d) «Zur Elektrodynamik bewegter Körper» Annalen der Physik, n. 17: 891-921. On the Electrodynamics of Moving Bodies.
Einstein, Albert (1905e) «Ist die Trägheit eines Körpers von seinem
Energieinhalt abhängig» Annalen der Physik, n. 18: 639-641. Does the
Inertia of a Body Depend upon its Energy Content?.
[7]: The impact of electrification on today's consumption society is directly related to the domestic use of electricity in appliances, a fact that was difficult to foresee at that time, when the first economic applications of electricity began to emerge. However, we should not forget the ability of Jules Verne to move ahead of his time; as early as 1866 —thirteen years before the invention of the incandescent lamp— he wrote:
There is a powerful agent, obedient, rapid, easy, which conforms to every use, and reigns supreme on board my vessel. Everything is done by means of it. It lights, warms, and is the soul of my mechanical apparatus. This agent is electricity. (...)
—Captain, you've obviously found what all mankind will surely find one day, the true dynamic power of electricity.Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea. Jules Verne, 1866
|Boletín CF+S > 45: La reina roja > http://habitat.aq.upm.es/boletin/n45/ae-fusion-en.html


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Arctic Health
Imagine a young doctor in 1972, trained in the latest medical knowledge and state-of-the-art equipment, suddenly transported back to one of the world's most isolated and unforgiving environments - Nome, Alaska. There, Dr. Thomas Sims would have the responsibility of rendering medical care and saving lives under archaic conditions to the population of this frontier town plus thirteen Eskimo villages, alone with little help and support. His memoir reveals the thrills and the terrors of frontier medicine, where Dr. Sims had to rely upon his instincts, improvise, and persevere against all odds in order to help his patients on the icy shores of the Bering Sea. After returning from Alaska he practiced medicine in Bend, Oregon for over 30 years.
Guest Links
On Call in the Arctic: A Doctor's Pursuit of Life, Love, and Miracles in the Alaskan FrontierBuy
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Tampa Bay Buccaneers quarterback Jameis Winston will miss at least the next two games as the NFL team shuts down the former Hueytown High School star to rest his ailing shoulder.
Winston left the Bucs' 30-10 loss to the New Orleans Saints on Sunday at halftime, and an MRI on Monday led to the decision to sideline the QB.
"They feel like he needs to rest for a couple of weeks, and that's what's going to happen," Tampa Bay coach Dirk Koetter said. "They're saying this is not structural, but they want to shut him down."
Winston has started all 40 games of his career since Tampa Bay selected him out of Florida State with the first pick in the 2015 NFL Draft.
During Tampa Bay's 38-33 loss to Arizona on Oct. 15, Winston suffered an acromioclavicular-joint sprain in his throwing shoulder and departed for the day after taking 15 snaps. But while his practice schedule had been curtailed, Winston played against the Buffalo Bills on Oct. 22 and the Carolina Panthers on Oct. 29.
Winston did not return to the field against halftime against the Saints, though, after being sacked by Cameron Jordan and Alex Okafor late in the second quarter on Sunday.
"On that third-to-last play in the half when he got hit on his left side and the weight of the defensive end and Jameis' weight fell on his right shoulder - that's when he reaggravated it," Koetter said. "That was a hit that most quarterbacks in the NFL are going to come up (hurt) with. When you see those, those are not good. Up until that point, I mean, Jameis had practiced good last week. He had one of his best practices on Friday. Threw the ball great in pre-game warmups, but after that point he was definitely hurting."
Winston completed 7-of-13 passes for 67 yards against the Saints before departing. That was enough for him to become the second-youngest player in NFL history to reach 10,000 passing yards. Winston was 23 years, 303 days old on Sunday. Drew Bledsoe is the youngest to reach 10,000 passing yards at 23 years, 299 days.
Koetter said the Bucs would start 13-year veteran Ryan Fitzpatrick against the New York Jets on Sunday.
Winston won the Class 5A Back of the Year Award for 2011 and earned All-State recognition in 2010 and 2011 at Hueytown. He won the Heisman Trophy in 2013.
Mark Inabinett is a sports reporter for Alabama Media Group. Follow him on Twitter @AMarkG1.


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9 Truths To Remember After A Pregnancy Loss
My first miscarriage happened just before my daughter turned 3. Her birthday party was planned and, because my husband and I had been trying for six months to get pregnant, it was an exciting time. So the loss was unexpected and turned our world (temporarily) upside down. At the time, I was really hard on myself, clouded by grief, confusion, and questions about what went wrong. I wish I'd had someone tell me some of the undeniable truths every woman should remember after a pregnancy loss because, maybe then, I'd have forgiven myself.
By the time my doctor confirmed the loss, I couldn't focus on my daughter's party. Like, at all. Instead, all I could think about was the steps I'd have to take that would at least get me out of that doctor's office, and how to absorb this new reality, all while I sobbed uncontrollably. The procedure to remove the fetus was scheduled for the next day so, in theory, I could move forward as quickly as possible. If only it were that easy. I had to have my mom drive me home and my daughter's birthday, although important, seemed so insignificant at a time I was in such despair.
I'll always wonder what could've been, but at the same time, had those events not occurred, I wouldn't have my amazing rainbow baby now. Still, and regardless of how the loss transpired or the events that followed, it was hard and life-changing. I've learned a lot since I heard the unthinkable, and those lesson reminded me of things women who've lost need to hear — these important, undeniable truths I want you to hear. Let them soak in and, eventually, believe them, because some day you'll look back on your pregnancy loss (or losses) and understand that it's not your fault. Here are some other things I want you to hear:
"I'm Not Alone"
No matter how devastated I felt in the aftermath, I was reminded by others — including those who've also lost — that I wasn't alone. Solitude was a hard feeling to fight, even with a loving partner and daughter at my side, because this kind of hurt is so private and because, honestly, I didn't know how else to feel.
Reminding yourself you're not alone won't erase the pain of the experience but, at the very least, you'll feel understood and supported by those who care or have even gone down similar paths.
"This Is Normal"
Even under the worst circumstances, it's important to remind yourself that miscarriage happens and it's normal. The frequency in which women experience pregnancy loss doesn't, and shouldn't, diminish your feelings. Miscarriages happen to the healthy, the viable, and the most eager of women who hope to be mothers, and often has little to do with any one specific variable.
As my doctor told me, "The heart just stopped beating, and it happens all the time." I didn't feel better because it may be true, but because the words reminded me I couldn't have changed a thing.
"It's Not My Fault"
It doesn't matter how many times I tell myself that my miscarriages weren't my fault, I still struggle with accepting that reality. It was my body that carried the baby, and my body that didn't sustain my baby. It's hard to get past those facts, regardless of a doctor's reasonable explanation.
However, it's important we all repeat these words as often as possible, if only because they're true. In both of my cases, there's nothing I did to contribute to the losses, and nothing I could've done to prevent them.
"I Need To Take Care Of Myself"
After my first loss, self-care fell to the bottom of my priority list. It wasn't on purpose, it was just because I was too distracted by my own tears to care about exercise or putting on makeup. For the sake of finding my way through the grief, I had to remind myself how important self-care. After all, not only did I have myself to worry about, but I had my (then) 3-year-old daughter to care for, too. She needed me, and in order to be the best mother for her, I had to go easy on myself.
"It Doesn't Matter What Anyone Else Thinks"
When you go through a miscarriage, everyone has feelings about it. While I'm sympathetic to other people's pain (like my husband), this was about what I went through. Don't let others circumvent your pain so you feel theirs. Take care of you.
"I Can Grieve As Long As I Need To"
Every year, on Sept. 29, I still go through a grieving process. There's no time limit on pain, so if others wonder why you haven't "moved on" yet, forget them. Grief and healing will take as long as they want. There's little you can do to control any of it, even when you're proactive. Pain is stubborn but, after something like this, it's OK.
"I Have So Many Great Things Around Me"
While enveloped in my miscarriage, it was easy to lose sight of the good I had in my life. My husband, my daughter, my family — all the things I had before I ever knew I was pregnant.
In the immediate aftermath of a loss so surprising and severe, it's hard to remember to pay attention to the little things that bring you joy. I still, remember a few days after I arrived home from the hospital, my daughter presenting me with a craft she made while I was away. At the time, it was everything.
"I'm Allowed To Feel Whatever I Want"
It doesn't matter if you're sad, happy, depressed, or strangely OK after a pregnancy loss. Whatever you feel is the right feeling. I went through a slew of emotions. From confusion to acceptance and everything in between, there's no right way to feel about what happened inside your body.
"I Will Get Through This"
It may not feel like it at the time, but as someone who's been there (twice), please remember that this, too, shall pass. Maybe not the regret and maybe not the pain or curiosity of what might've been, but the days will pass and some day you'll look back and see you were all you could be, doing all you could do for a baby you'd have loved to the moon and back. That's enough.


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About NCIC
Board of Trustees
Application Instructions
If you have been in business for several years, chances are you have successfully developed business plans in the past and probably do not need to change what you have done. However, if you are just starting your first business, you may benefit from the following suggestions on how to develop a business plan. These are only suggestions - do not let these suggestions hinder your creativity!
A business plan is, in the simplest terms, a written plan of where a company is going, how it will get there and what it will look like once it arrives. Entrepreneurs, by their very nature, are leaders. Investors, for whom many business plans are written, are followers. A well written business plan communicates the company's plan in a concise and disciplined manner to potential investors and other stakeholders so that they may follow the company leadership.
Most start-up and many development stage companies avoid writing a business plan until they are in need of money to finance the growth of their business. Motivated by the need to raise money from banks, business angels, venture capitalists, family, friends, etc., the entrepreneur begins this unique form of communication with the intent of convincing potential investors that they can make money along with the entrepreneur.
Regardless of the reason for writing a business plan, the effort is most beneficial, if you perceive both the business planning process and the growth of your company as evolutionary processes. A well-conceived business plan is not only an excellent selling document, but provides the company senior management with increased acumen which will allow them to effectively use the business planning tool to raise the funds required.
A business plan is only as good as the research and effort which precedes it. Therefore, the purpose of this brief document is to provide you with a generic business plan outline. We, at NCIC, want to help you prepare a well-developed business plan. The following is a generic business plan outline used by many successful small, medium and large sized businesses.
If you would like to see this in a little bit more depth, please take a look at our DETAILED BUSINESS PLAN OUTLINE.


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By William Stillman
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Extra resources for Autism and the God Connection
Example text
I told him it was because I was going to see the man who helped me understand so much about autism. I told him I would like to give you a gift that would tell you how much you have helped us. Scott got up and brought me [a hand-painted and decorated mask of his face]. " I must say he again blew me away. After I was done crying, I told him how very Autism_int 1/19/06 32 5:53 PM Page 32 Autism and the God Connection Janet was witness to immediate changes in their relationship and camaraderie. He was still the same person who did not speak and engaged in repetitive movements.
If you do this truly, the next miracle will occur. The Second Miracle The second miracle is forgiveness. And you will be forgiven. I can state this with conviction because I have received countless in-person testimonies, phone calls, letters, and emails from those who assumed responsibility of self-reflection and made things right by confessing their wrongs. When this happens, truly miraculous occurrences can transpire. Will this cause someone to shed her autistic attributes through some divine act?
When you make this acknowledgment, you take your first step toward a path of opportunity. A similar catalyst causes anyone to self-initiate in order to right wrongs. We've witnessed this anytime someone 31 apologizes to us genuinely. In more complex situations, an abusive spouse or parent adopts anger management or a substance user seeks clinical and spiritual treatment. Such actions require introspective thought, "soul searching" as some might say. But self-reflection alone is not enough. Please complete the miracle by taking the next step in making things right.