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- Accessible by public transport (6)
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- Guided tours – ask on site for details (2)
- May close for lunch, please call in advance (8)
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Cairnpapple Hill
Find a magnificent henge monument at the summit of a hill.
Cardoness Castle
Learn about the lawlessness of the McCullochs, for whom this elegant six-storey tower house was built.
Crichton Castle
Make the connections between this lordly residence and some of Scotland's most exciting moments.
Dunblane Cathedral
Step inside one of Scotland's noblest medieval churches to find out how it has developed over the centuries.
Glenluce Abbey
Learn about 400 years of monastic life in the valley of the Water of Luce.
Jarlshof Prehistoric and Norse Settlement
Delve into more than 4,000 years of human settlement in the same location in Shetland.
New Abbey Corn Mill
See this water-powered mill spring to life in the summer months when it's put to work to show how oatmeal is made.
Whithorn Priory and Museum
Walk in the footsteps of countless others to reach St Ninian's shrine, one of Scotland's earliest Christian sites.


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Experienced marketing professional with over a decade of B2C and B2B marketing experience.
Throughout various landscapes and opportunities, I have been able to develop a broad and diverse marketing portfolio with a specific focus in service, retail and media marketing. I have a dedicated work ethic and a strong commitment to organizational objectives. These characteristics have proved very useful in exceeding ROI expectations while remaining within strict marketing budgets.
Working within the media industry has given me a unique handle on analyzing detailed demographic data, creating benchmarks and forecasting consumer behavior. I have been frequently recognized for decisive leadership, the ability to secure key players, build strong and lasting business relationships and face challenges head-on, assets which have proven to be quite valuable in this competitive and rapidly changing marketplace.
Major areas of focus include:
-Building company awareness through effective branding and repositioning campaigns
-Client acquisition growth via appropriate messaging and effective placement and frequency
-Media brokering & multi-channel strategy development
-Driving client retention using effective CRM practices
-Best practices for digital and social media marketing
-Impactful and effective collateral design and direction
-relevant and effective marketing content creation
As a marketing professional with over 15 years experience in a variety of sectors and landscapes, I can offer expertise on brand positioning and strategy to ensure you are reaching the right audience based on your product or service offerings.

subset: commoncrawl


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NCOSS News & Events
NCOSS Annual Report for 2016-17 released
The NCOSS team achieved big things over the 2016-17 financial year, from generating 7 Budget asks for the State Government, to securing Phase 2 of the Social and Affordable Housing Fund and creating connection opportunities between our members, government and thought leaders. Discover more about our work and achievements in the NCOSS Annual Report.
The Welfare Bill will hurt people using frontline services
The National COSS Network have collectively called for frontline services to contact the Nick Xenophon Team and other crossbench senators to explain how cutting payments to people with addiction, people experiencing a crisis, people who are at risk of homelessness, and people who are unemployed, will affect their community and place significant pressure on their service. Take action now.
NCOSS delegation announced for the 62nd Commission on the Status of Women (CSW62)
NCOSS is proudly attending CSW62 in New York from 12-22 March 2018, with this year's theme set as Challenges and opportunities in achieving gender equality and the empowerment of rural women and girls. We are proud to bring a delegation of accomplished women who represent the diversity of experiences in our state of NSW. Read more about the delegation and our engagement at CSW62.
Join us and Vibewire at #Hack4MentalHealth | 16-18 February 2018
We're excited to be co-hosting our third hackathon in partnership with Vibewire, this time focusing on mental health. With other sponsor organisations like Jewish House, the Minerva Collective and MnM Institute, we'll be looking to 'hack' key issues like connectedness and access to services, particularly in regional and remote NSW where mental ill-health is more prevalent. Register here.
Global Sydney: Contribute to NCOSS' submission
The NCOSS team are working on a submission into the Standing Committee on State Development inquiry on how Sydney's growing prominence as a global city enhances regional development in NSW. We are seeking input from members in two areas: Workforce and capacity issues, and renewable energy, housing and schooling. Please email Elleker Cohen on [email protected] with any comments, suggestions or questions on this submission by 16 Feb.
Community Services News & Resources
Donor Thank You Guide
Read More
Food insecurity in Australia
Food insecurity – or the lack of access to sufficient food – is not something that just affects developing nations, according to QUT researcher Dr Carol Richards.
Writing in The Conversation, Dr Richards said this month's Foodbank report, Fighting Hunger in Australia,
Read More
Charities fear regulator wants to control their spending
The Australian Charities and Not-for-profits Commission (ACNC) has pushed for new powers to regulate charities' "effective use of resources" under controversial new commissioner Gary Johns. The charities sector is up in arms over the proposal, seen as a bid to control how charities spend their money
Read More
Productivity Commission 2018 Report on Government Services
The 2018 Report on Government Services is now available online.
The report is a vital tool in holding all Australian governments accountable for the effectiveness and efficiency of government services.
Read More
View all Big Picture News & Resources
Professional Development Events
Housing Economics for Non-Economists Lecture Series – Feb–Mar 2018, Sydney
Top Legal Issues for Board Members – 7 Feb 2018, Online
Privacy Law and the New Data Breach Requirements – 21 Feb 2017, Online
Safe Children Conference – 2 Mar 2018, Sydney
Fundraising Institute Australia (FIA) Conference – 7–9 Mar 2018, Sydney
View all Big Picture Professional Development Events
In Brief
Law and Justice Foundation of NSW General Grants 2018 Round 1
National Day of Action against Cashless Welfare | Hosted by the Australian Unemployed Workers' Union | Feb 3, 1pm-3pm Belmore Park, Syd
View all Sector Specific Resources
View all Professional Development Events
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We asked "If a piano was placed in the high steet would you play it?
Unfortunately it appears that not many of our posters actually read the Vision Plan before leaving a comment, so whilst we had a lot of replies, most of them are not relevant to this question. Some posters were concerned that it would be vandalised.
"Absolutely, however I am not sure how it could be kept safe from vandals." Lucia Cooper
"I can't play a piano but I'd have a go " Sheena Khan
"They have about 2 or 3 at Kings Cross Station, loads of people have a go, very entertaining" Peter Lynch
"My hubby would !!" Brenda Rodriguez
"They had one at Brighton station last time I went and yes people were playing it and it was great to see community spirit brought back to life ! Just a little something to brighten someone's day" Natali Butt
"Yeps" Natalie Rattue
" I think it's a fab idea…a little creativity " Kirky Munn
"How funny but yes" Debbie Newman
"If you can play, why not? It would cheer people up and God knows, Horley needs some cheering up!" Sally Payne
"Yes!" Neisha Shrimpton
"How cool" Clara Payne
"Yes I would…I have no idea how to play but yes I would love to play a piano!!!" Helen Julier-Goodwin
"Great idea. Helps community spirit." Carol Summers
"I would!" Kerri Sutton
"Great idea! There is one in Heathrow Airport departures terminal!" Diane Chambers
"Yes I would,have seen that in London & Brighton & it's a brilliant idea.having a go is better than not." Geoff Turner
"Yes I would play it!" Louise Croney
"I think a lot of people would be tempted to have a little play… If not spark some curiosity at least" Maddy Fletcher


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Water has played a big part in Kevin Vaughan's life — the Merrick resident spent much of his youth at local pools and beaches. That changed, though, when he lost his left leg below the knee while serving his country.
Vaughan, 28, has used a prosthetic leg since 2011, when he was caught in the middle of a bomb attack while on active Marine Corps duty in Afghanistan. Although he adjusted to the prosthetic, he was unlikely to return to the water with the same mobility as before.
"I grew up swimming," Vaughan said. "I always went to the beach when I had the chance. I was always around that in life."
This summer, however, Vaughan picked up his life in the water where he left off. Northwell Health, in collaboration with Hicksville's Eschen Prosthetic and Orthotic Laboratories, developed an aquatic 3D printed prosthetic leg — nicknamed "the Fin."
The nylon and carbon fiber structure has lightweight "fins" on the sides that help in the water, Vaughan said, but the traditional prosthetic design also allows the user to transition onto land with ease.
Northwell Health invited the combat veteran to the Nassau County Aquatic Center in East Meadow on Aug. 1 to try the leg, and then take it home with him. Northwell officials said they hope to perfect the device after testing it with 10 amputees, and to later make it available to the estimated 1.9 million Americans who have lost a limb.
"We made something that didn't exist yet, and solved a specific problem in a very spectacular way," said Todd Goldstein, a Northwell Health researcher involved in the design and development of the Fin. "This study is the first step in making this innovative prosthetic available to the millions of amputees looking to return to the water."
Initially, Vaughan, like most amputees, had to learn to swim without a prosthetic leg. The prosthetics — usually not waterproof — would add extra weight and drag swimmers down. He could swim by using his arms for most of his movement in the water, but the Fin makes swimming easier, he said.
"It makes you off-balance," Vaughan said, of swimming with one leg. "There's no power pushing you and getting you movement. It's hard to describe, but the lack of weight makes you constantly feel like you're turning counterclockwise in the water."
Now, he said, swimming with the Fin is like "going from swimming barefoot to swimming with flippers."
"I'm more confident and more comfortable," he said. "I enjoy swimming more now and can take trips to Long Beach to swim."
In his backyard pool, he has been able to swim almost every day since it was given to him.
"Now I can use this prosthetic to return to something I love to do — going to the beach and swimming," he said.
Out of the water, Vaughan is pursuing a career that is inspired by the incident that forever changed his life. In between swimming and going to the gym, he is studying health sciences at New York Institute of Technology, and hopes to become a physician assistant or work in the medical field. Within four or five years, he hopes to be helping people like himself, he said.


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Tryout News
North Greenville Volleyball Coach Greg Mosely conducted a tryout for potential student athletes on Saturday, April 10 at the Hayes Gym.
The tryout brought players from SC, NC, GA, KY, who were interested in the NGU program. "I was pleased with the quality and quantity of players that attended this tryout. I was allowed to look again at some players we are recruiting for 2010. Some were invited to walk-on that will help strengthen our roster." An announcement will soon be coming of the players who will join the Crusaders for the upcoming 2010 season.


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Posts Tagged 'solo masturbation'
Gay Amateur 69 VideosAugust 16, 2011
Watch these two twink college boys suck each others cocks in a hot new amateur 69 video series from Gay Porn Bay.
Gay Porn Bay is an all amateur porn tube which features an amazing diversity of gay porn from solo masturbation and dildo insertion to total twink hardcore like these tasty video clips you are about to watch!
College Boy In Jeans Jerks Off After ClassMarch 16, 2011
Check out this handsome twink as he decides to have a go at his stiff dick for an afternoon solo masturbation session after class. College boys like this need to exercise their cocks regularly and this guy just manages to drop his jeans far enough to grab his cock and balls for a spin!
Young Student Punk Plays With His Big CockFebruary 25, 2011
In the latest video gallery from Twinks we find this horny student who takes matters into his own hands…literally! He plays with this big hard cock in a hot solo masturbation scene which shows just how much this punk college boy loves to get a handle on things!
College Boy Enjoys Solo MasturbationSeptember 9, 2010
Eric works his stiff prick and gets is shining with lube then starts hammering away with his fist. This very fit college boy shows us a bit of his hot hole, too! After a few more minutes of self-pleasure, Eric creams a nice load all over himself and breathes a satisfied sigh to end this hot vid!


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one huge furnished floor , master bedroom , 3 piece huge washroom ,2 balconies, 9 ft ceiling, right infront of woodbine beach, separate door. suitable for ...
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Wow talk aboout location, location, location; one huge floor infront of the beach!
Toronto's Historical Pictures
To View In More Detail, Please Click this link, Toronto Historical Photos
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Toronto's best Taco spots
Toronto is packed full of amazing Mexican restaurants that all deserve a spot on this list but if you want to hit up some of the best, use this list as an ultimate bucket list for taco spots. Don't miss out on any delicious tacos this summer!


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Open Enrollment
The official Open Enrollment Application Period for the 2020-21 school year will open on Monday, February 3, 2020 and run through April 30, 2020. For more information look at the Standard Open Enrollment Procedures below.
Did you miss the open enrollment deadline or making some changes? You can complete an alternative open enrollment application. For more information look at the Alternative Open Enrollment Procedures below.
If you are interested in having your child attend the Frederic School District, please contact the district office at (715)327-5630.
The Frederic School District welcomes students who currently reside in another school district to attend our schools! Below you will find information and links to become a Viking!
Standard Open Enrollment Procedure
How do I apply for Open Enrollment for my student?
- Online Application
- Although on-line application is recommended, paper applications may be obtained from the Department of Public Instruction or any school district after February 3, 2020 for the 2020-21 school year, and must be delivered (hand-delivery is recommended) to the nonresident school district during the application period.
Wisconsin's inter-district public school open enrollment program allows parents to apply for their children to attend school districts other than the one in which they live.
Who may participate in open enrollment?
Students in 5-year-old kindergarten to grade 12 may apply to participate in open enrollment. Open enrollment for prekindergarten, 4-year-old kindergarten and early childhood education is limited. Parents should call their resident school districts to find out if their preschool-aged children qualify for open enrollment.
How and when may parents apply?
The Open Enrollment application period for the 2020-21 school year will open on February 3, 2020 and closes at 4:00 pm on April 30, 2020.
Alternative Open Enrollment Procedure
What is the alternative application procedure?
Parents normally apply for open enrollment for the following school year during a three-month application period which begins in February and ends on the last weekday in April. However, 2011 Act 114 established a procedure by which parents may apply for open enrollment outside of the regular application period. There are seven circumstances under which a parent may submit an alternative application:
- The pupil's resident school district determines that the pupil is a victim of a violent crime.
- The pupil is or has been homeless in the current or preceding school year.
- The pupil has been the victim of repeated bullying or harassment that has been reported to the resident school district and continues in spite of action taken.
- The pupil's place of residence has changed due to the parent's military orders.
- The pupil moved into this state within the past 30 days.
- The pupil's place of residence has changed as a result of a court order or custody agreement, or the pupil was placed in a foster home or with a person other than the pupil's parent, or removed from a foster home or the home of a person other than the pupil's parent.
- The pupil's parent and the nonresident and resident school districts agree that attending the nonresident school district is in the best interests of the pupil.
Part Time Open Enrollment Procedure
Beginning in the 2020-21 school year, a pupil enrolled in a public school in the high school grades may attend public school in a nonresident school district for the purpose of taking a course offered by the nonresident school district. A pupil may attend no more than two courses at any time in nonresident school districts.
Prior to the start of the 2020-21 school year, the Course Options program requirements are still in place. Additional information can be found on the Course Options webpage.
- PI-9412 Part-time Public School Open Enrollment Application Form
- Part-time Open Enrollment Student and Parent Information Brochure
Additional information about the restoration of Part-time Open Enrollment can be found in the Act 59 Open Enrollment Changes List Serve.
If you have any questions, please contact us at 888-245-2732 or email@example.com
Please feel free to contact the District Office at 715-327-5630


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User Experience extending beyond a website
I'm a great fan of Hotjar – the heatmapping software that allows me to track what users are doing on websites. We've used it at work for a year or so, and it's proved incredibly insightful.
However, as with any software, it does occasionally go wrong. A small bug caused any site that the tracking code was on, to display an outlined box in the bottom right hand corner with a series of missing 'box' icons. Not great.
I got in touch with the guys at Hotjar HQ asking for an explanation. Ten minutes later, we received a generic email to – what I imagine all subscribers – saying that a rogue piece of code was responsible for the error.
I thought nothing of it. Discussed it for a while, but in the grand scheme of things, it wasn't a huge issue.
A while after, I received an email:
GREAT! A free hoodie!
I've now almost forgotten about the code mishap due to my (no doubt pretty cheap) item of clothing winging its way across the atlantic.
Physical acts such as this by the Hotjar team allow the end user of the product to gain a sense that they are really valued as a customer.
"I've done nothing wrong here, AND I'm getting something from it. Awesome."
I must applaud the Hotjar team. Not many companies would have done such a thing. Many would have ignored it and carried on. Probably irritating their customer base.
In this instance, it couldn't be further from the truth. My opinion of the company has gone up rather than down.
P.s. still waiting on the hoody arriving….


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If you have been raising your awareness about the safety of your households, security cameras are the reliable deterrents.
With the support of remote surveillance, you can put your eyes on various corners without being there to observe unlawful activities.
Something can be said about the ease of setting up a CCTV camera system.
It is sure you may lose the benefits of the wireless connectivity you might get from some IP cameras but in return, you gain a network of security camera that just do their job.
There is an all-in-one security camera kit from ONWOTE with 12 cameras show up to 16 channels in HD quality that will watch the door for you, and beyond.
The camera set provides an ultimate method to watch your properties from afar and records essential clues in any suspected scenario.
On our behalf, we have put these cameras on testifying for a few months. We reckon on the resolution, field of view, night vision, and motion detection to conclude.
So now we are ready to expose our verdict.
Check out our ONWOTE 16 Channel 5MP Audio PoE Surveillance System reviews to ensure your money will not go wrong.
CCTV: A simple understand
CCTV means a Closed Circuit Television used to observe and records videos to provide evidence. A set of surveillance cameras will be installed in sensitive places where it has an expansive view across the areas.
Any doubtful event collected in the cameras can be used to investigate a criminal case.
While CCTV is unable to prevent crimes, they have emerged as effect deterrents for burglars and intruders.
In home use, surveillance cameras are meant to deliver peace of mind to homeowners looking for reassurance that their valuables are safe when they are not around.
The ONWOTE 16 Channel 5MP Audio PoE Surveillance System reviews
With the rise of security need in both residential and public places, ONWOTE brought an expandable outdoor PoE security camera system to watch out behind your back.
What we liked
The ONWOTE 16 Channels comes with 12 waterproof bullet cameras and a 4 Terabytes hard drive.
Every camera is powered with 5 MP to record clear and sharp pictures of whatever you're pointing at. The resolution is up to 2592 x 1944 HD offers 150% more pixels than regular 1080p regular cameras.
Once you plug in the camera, it starts recording immediately. There will be no hassling hooking up any more things or running any software which is convenient for a technology savvy.
In reality, the image quality is beyond our expectation. In over 300 square meters, we could observe real-time movements and appearance of the objects as clear and bright.
Out of the 12 cameras, we had 5 cameras geared up. One was under the overhang of the porch gave us a view of who is at the door; we could also see into the front yard.
The second camera hung over the garage looking down into the alleyway. It did take a beating from the sun, rain and the snow. We don't recall any issue with particles on the lens, or the sun hitting the lens because it has a ledge to cover from the above.
If you are comfortable with installing a camera indoor, we suggest putting one to embrace the kitchen view, and one in the garage. And the last one we hooked it in the living room.
We're sure we'll find more place setting more cameras to use up 12 units; but so far, we feel sufficient with 5.
The thing that impressed us is the ability to detect motion and notify you via the app, SMS or other methods you set up.
That means when there is any motion occurred in the scanning area, we get an email notice, or a text saying "hey, this camera detected a movement," then we switch on the app to check the unexpected guests or "unwanted" visitor.
Want to know more about it?
This ONWOTE PoE Camera System allows you to block out the parts you don't want the motion detection to interfere.
On the computer, cover the region indicated in grids on the spot where you want the feature to function. We did that on the doormat. The result is, anything out of that area won't be recorded, and you will not get any alert.
If somebody enters that area, sure you will have notice and alarm. So, you can observe your property from anywhere in the world as long as the cameras are connected to the Internet.
Based on our experience, you don't want to set this notification in the front porch during the day time unless you want endless texts sent to your phone alarming every single passenger on the lawn.
You should activate this system in cameras pointing at places with fewer people and are more "sensitive" like the backyard, your pool at night, garden or garage.
The system keeps recording until the hard drive is full. Believe us; you have more than 30 days to worry about that with the 4TB drive. Even more, you have the option to double the storage space.
If you forget to remove the footage, the cameras will record over the old content. But that's not all.
Each camera has a built-in IR sensor offers a viewing distance of up to 100 ft. It sounds insane already but is not what caught us. The IR night vision does; since night time is when we pay most concern about.
This IR system is rigged with 2 array LEDs that provide a lot more illumination for your night-vision. It doesn't mean you can look through the darkness, but the quality it transmits is something to appreciate.
And believe it or not, this night vision is born for the money. It picks up everything that passes over 200 feet away, twice the range mentioned in the actual specs.
The next feature that convinced us, and you, is the inner microphone.
It provides the audio range up to 15 ft. Well, it is not as far as we expected but from the position it hangs in the porch to where people approach in the front yard, we can hear some slight talk, not very clear, but we guess it will be helpful in catching the non-speech sound.
On the specs side
The security system utilized PoE technology which means you connect all cables into one single network that runs between the NVR and camera IP.
These cables supply power and transmit video content to display. That makes the installment free of mess.
We were users of the Arlo Wireless home surveillance system which ran with no router. The signal was so poor as if it was lethargic. It stores footages in the cloud where you have no way to access if you don't have internet.
That was a thrill looking at a frozen unidentified object on the screen now knowing what went pass there.
Anyhow, we switched to the wired IP cameras with Ethernet cables to guarantee stable data transmission, yet fast speed and no disruption of signal.
ONWOTE has been around providing surveillance solution. You will be a lot happier with their customer service.
We are pleased with the hardware side. How about the controlling section?
One advantage of a reputable company is that they keep the software updated.
It could be a bit confusing to new users with so many settings.
You probably won't be understanding it right away.
The terms like CBR and VBR are vague to non-tech fellas.
However, the default settings are efficient. All you need to care about is the video resolution, all the bitrates and specs to you translate.
Moving on to the phone app.
We've got the app on an iOS device and one Android tablet. They are all compatible. However, it only supports Windows PC.
Generally, you can control the camera, record, access the mic from your phone. All the software, manual and firmware are downloadable from the official website.
What we didn't like
Every product has its drawback, the ONWOTE PoE security camera system is no exception.
Since we got the cameras installed, they worked 100% of the time though there existed some irritations.
We only wish the audio recorder in each camera would integrate sound filter so as not to blend too many speech and noise almost like buzzing sound.
We guess it could be better but so far, what the camera recorded is audible enough to distinguish.
The software seems to lag a bit on the Windows 10 browser; we are not sure about the compatibility, but we set it up on a Win 7 Chrome browser, turned out it worked like a charm.
Admittedly, the installation can't be easier with Plug n Play PoE, but the mounting is not something for an amateur.
The downside here is that you may be unable to mount the camera yourself.
We got an electrician with a ladder to climb up and connect the cables. The side service was worth a few dollars. If you've got a husband, boyfriend or a technical kind neighboring dude, ask them for a hand.
This PoE camera system is stationary is you expect something adjustable remotely. That could be a valuable additive but we don't think 12 cameras pointing at every corner of your house are worse than tunable cameras.
We really sent a complaint to the Customer service of ONWOTE, the staff (Ali) was friendly and useful.
It was about the quick guide, which is literally…quick.
In other words, it is not instructive enough even for experienced folks like us.
It took us some time to decipher the features by trying different modes and checking the differences.
The support in our case was via email. Though we recognized the conscientious staff, we wished it could have been faster.
But, we were silly when we didn't know they offer a direct call if you submit the phone number and order tracking.
We have seen them developing the live chat on the official page, but it seems to be under construction up to now. You can expect this function to be operated any time soon.
Don't wait to get this ONWATE surveillance system
When we decided to write this ONWOTE 16 Channel 5MP Audio PoE Surveillance System reviews, we concurrently received many questions regarding IP cameras.
We dug the market to form a list, but we made up our mind that this one is a treasure.
This ONWOTE 16CH has everything you need from a PoE security camera system. It watches every nook and delivers high-quality videos to support your surveillance.
It is not only ideal for housing observing, but commercial buildings can also make use of the system with the option to upgrade the hard drive and add 4 more cameras depending on the needs.
These cameras employ IP65 to withstand water, fog, snow or any kind of moisture to intrude the inside components.
If you are planning on setting up a surveillance camera system for your residence, office, store or any area you want to keep your eyes on, we know this ONWOTE PoE system won't fail you.
Are you worry about your wallet? No need.
We have calculated the value of this system to the other we had tried in the past. We reckon that we could have saved more on replacing and repairing.
Of course, you can go for the cheaper cameras but you will soon realize you had thrown money to a window.
This ONWOTE camera system will place peace in your mind with its most advanced and updated technology.
We are confident enough to encourage you to buy now, or at least, throw to your consideration list.
At this price range, we are sure you can't find anything better.
We hope the post is helpful for you. Leave us a comment or any query you want us to answer. We are always here.
- Product Features - 8/108/10
- Quality Product - 8.4/108.4/10
- Warranty & Support - 7.5/107.5/10
- Easy Setup & Used - 8/108/10
- Upgrade & Update - 8/108/10


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Accessible in delicate, unscented, and recent scent
We have been impressed by you, our prospects.
You advised us what you want and don't love about child wipes, and we have been impressed to make a greater product.
We selected our producer, Good-Pak, due to their 50+ years of experience on this planet of wipes. We mixed their know-how together with your wipes want record to construct a improbable child wipe by way of joint improvement efforts, a number of prototypes, lab exams, and residential testing by Amazon dads and mothers. The top result's a child wipe that is really designed for you—it is tender sufficient for a new child, however sturdy sufficient to get the job achieved.
Learn Extra
Wipes that delight.
We provide three varieties: delicate, unscented, and recent scent. You can too select between handy flip-top packs for round the home or on the go, and resealable packs with a bathtub—good for the altering desk.
Our delicate child wipes embrace:
- Mild chamomile to assuage delicate pores and skin
- Pharmaceutical-grade purified water for clear, mild wipes
- Flip-top lid for straightforward meting out and lasting freshness, nice for on the go
Learn Extra
The place It is From
Purified Water
Pharmaceutical-grade purified water makes up at the least 97.9% of the liquid present in Amazon Parts Child Wipes. The method begins with consuming water from the underground White Lick Creek Aquifer in Mooresville, Indiana. After the water is collected, it is purified in a number of phases—sedimentation, charcoal filtration, deionization, and ultraviolet disinfection. The top consequence? A wipe that is protected and delicate on a child's delicate pores and skin. (And yep, that is actually a photograph of White Lick Creek.)
Sourced in
Mooresville, IN
Chamomile Flower Extract
The chamomile extracts in Amazon Parts Child Wipes come from Lewisville, Texas, from an organization with over 30 years of expertise harvesting, manufacturing, and distributing pure botanical extracts. A chilly extraction course of is employed to sidestep potential warmth harm, which helps maximize chamomile's capacity to alleviate extra-sensitive pores and skin.
Sourced in Lewisville, TX
Our Provider
Amazon Parts Child Wipes are made in Mooresville, Indiana by the wet-wipe specialists at Good-Pak Merchandise, Inc.—a family-owned firm since their founding in 1957. The newborn wipes are produced in a zero-landfill plant: waste is recycled, and the rest is transformed to steam warmth. The recyclable lid on the flip-top pack can go straight to the recycling bin—serving to Good-Pak scale back plastic use by 36% per yr in comparison with their earlier lid. We're proud to have teamed up with them to ship your wipes.
Positioned in Mooresville, IN
What It is Made Of
These child wipes soothe extra-sensitive pores and skin with chamomile extract. We evaluated every ingredient to find out whether or not or not it needs to be included—these are all frequent parts to child wipes, and collectively they make the wipe more practical and assist hold it recent. We have included particulars on the elements supplying you with transparency into the merchandise you purchase for your loved ones.
Some elements record multiple supply attributable to adjustments in availability; scan the distinctive code in your pack with the Amazon cell app to be taught the precise supply.
Contents (so as of prevalence) and uncooked materials provider location
Polyester, Viscose & Polypropylene
Blended collectively, these fibers type a tender, sturdy fabric wipe. (Liaoning Province, China)
Purified Water
Moistens wipes. (Mooresville, IN)
Chamomilla Recutita (Matricaria) Flower Extract
A proprietary mix of water, important oils extracted from the chamomile plant, and a service oil; soothes delicate pores and skin. (Lewisville, TX)
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Disodium Cocoamphodiacetate
Derived from coconut oil; works with polysorbate 20 to offer mild cleaning. (College Park, IL)
Polysorbate 20
Supplies mild cleaning. By combining with disodium cocoamphodiacetate this ingredient turns into more practical. (Gurnee, IL)
Citric Acid
Prevents pH from going too excessive, guaranteeing wipes keep mild on delicate areas. (Tienen, Belgium or Southport, NC)
Disodium Phosphate
Prevents pH from going too low, guaranteeing wipes keep mild on delicate areas. (Augusta, GA or Lawrence, KS)
Disodium EDTA
Preserves wipe freshness by focusing on particular forms of contaminants. (Ludwigshafen, Germany or Freeport, TX)
Preserves wipe freshness by focusing on particular forms of contaminants. (Freeport, TX)
Sodium Benzoate
Preserves wipe freshness by focusing on particular forms of contaminants. (Kalama, WA)
Amazon Parts Child Wipes
don't include:
Parabens, Methylisothiazolinone (MIT), Phthalates, Bronopol, Dyes, or Alcohol.
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Continuously Requested Questions
- Can I exploit these child wipes to scrub different elements of my child?
- Sure. Amazon Parts Child Wipes are protected for cleansing your child's palms, toes, face, and diaper space. Child wipes shouldn't be used to scrub inside your child's mouth, nostril, ears, or eyes.
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- What elements do you retain out of your child wipes?
- Amazon Parts Child Wipes don't include:
- Parabens: Typically private care merchandise use parabens as a preservative; Amazon Parts Child Wipes do not include parabens due to buyer considerations round their impact on hormone operate and improvement.
- Methylisothiazolinone: Often known as 'MIT', it is a preservative that's generally utilized in child wipes, and can be generally utilized in private care merchandise like shampoos and lotions. It has come underneath some scrutiny from dad and mom as a result of it is categorised as a sensitizer, which suggests it might trigger contact allergic reactions when touching pores and skin.
- Phthalates: Fragrances generally use phthalates; Amazon Parts Child Wipes do not include phthalates attributable to their potential for hormone disruption.
- Bronopol: Has been used as a preservative in child wipes; Amazon Parts Child Wipes do not embrace bronopol as a result of it's thought of a formaldehyde donor, which means underneath sure circumstances it may well break down to provide formaldehyde and trigger contact allergic reactions.
- Dyes: Many private care merchandise—corresponding to shampoos, lotions, and cosmetics—embrace dyes to make the product a extra enticing shade. Amazon Parts Child Wipes do not include dyes as a result of we did not wish to embrace any pointless artificial elements.
- Alcohol: Cleansing wipes for the kitchen and loo generally embrace alcohol. You will not discover alcohol in Amazon Parts Child Wipes as a result of it may be irritating on delicate pores and skin.
- Can I rehydrate child wipes which have dried out?
- Sadly, no. Our wipes are manufactured utilizing pharmaceutical-grade purified water to maintain them clear and efficient; including faucet or bottled water may trigger discoloration, odor, and even undesirable growths on the wipes.
- Are the infant wipes recyclable?
- The plastic lid and cardboard field utilized in cargo will be recycled. The wipes themselves and the plastic wrap round them must be thrown away—simply make sure you take away and recycle the plastic lid first!
- Can I flush these child wipes?
- No, the wipes aren't flushable.
- How lengthy do these child wipes final?
- The really helpful shelf lifetime of Amazon Parts Child Wipes is 2 years. You may scan the distinctive code in your bundle with the Amazon cell app to search out its 'finest by' date.
- Can I nonetheless use these in the event that they've been left in a scorching automobile?
- Being left in a scorching automobile could cause wipes to dry out extra shortly if the container is not correctly sealed, however the product will nonetheless be protected to make use of.
- Do child wipes trigger diaper rash?
- Diaper rash has plenty of potential causes, together with extended publicity to a moist or soiled diaper, rubbing and chafing brought on by poor diaper match, and even infections or allergic reactions. When you've got any questions or considerations about diaper rash, please seek the advice of your pediatrician.
- How can I get samples of this product to attempt earlier than I purchase?
- Samples aren't presently obtainable, however we encourage you to go forward and provides the infant wipes a attempt—as with all Amazon Parts merchandise, in the event you don't love them, we'll offer you a full refund.
- Who're the infants in your product pictures?
- Virtually each child you see has a mother or dad working right here at Amazon.
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Six flip-top packs for on the go
– Robust, tender, giant, and textured for cleansing palms, face, and diaper space
– Freed from added fragrances, parabens, dyes, alcohol, phthalates, bronopol, and methylisothiazolinone
– Accessible in Delicate, Unscented, and Recent Scent. Is available in 6 flip-top packs or 9 resealable packs with storage tub
– Eliminate used wipes in trash
Worth: $11.64


text:
It strikes me as things happen to me during life it is most often accompanied by a soundtrack. Sue G my Jr year is most certainly U2/Rattle and Hum. Sarah K a bit earlier had much to do with rap/wigga 80's stuff. There was a time I could rap Eric B and Rakim and Run DMC effortlessly.
With Lisa G my senior yr it was all about classic rock. And some current hits thrown in to keep me current. I remember many nights driving home late on weekends listening to Z95. Going to a Catholic school in West Jersey was odd in that many friends, and in this case a girlfriend, lived 15 to 20 miles away. Interstate 78 was still new and it connected townships like never before. And the freedom my parents gave me was astounding.
My sister, 7 years older, was a bit of a troublemaker. She drank, she smoked, she had fast moving boyfriends and really did not give a shit.
When I rolled in to high school much later, with more of a head on my shoulder, my folks looked the other way. I was an athlete. I had good, well meaning friends. And, with the exception of a smart mouth and arrogance, I stayed out of trouble.
So, when I used some savings and paper route money to purchase a 1979 jade, green Chevy Monza... naturally I was gonna drive that bitch.
And I was going to stay out late. I did not drink. I would always be careful and drive relatively slow. And I would usually be in the same place.
Lisa's folks had divorced a few years before I met her. She grew up in Hunterdon county in far more affluence than me. I remember a few dates in her family, divorced folks and older sister/younger brother took me out to eat. It was a birthday celebration or something and the parents were putting on the unified front thing.
Two things happened that night that I can never really escape. First, I was amazed we were all together out for a dinner. And I mean there was white linen on the tables and candles. Gone was the fountain drink dispensery and pizza by the slice.
No, we had to order from a menu and bring wine should the adults want a drink.
When the food did arrive, and I still would love to know how I handled the ordering part, I distinctly remember Lisa condemning me for my table manners.
I had no idea which fork was required for salad. Strike one. In fact, I am fairly certain I had never had a salad to that point.
My folks always had salad, don't get me wrong. But I would politely decline and move on. Perhaps there was a bowl of cereal I wanted more.
But, when I failed to eat my steak correctly... that was the one that did not go unnoticed.
I had cut a piece a bit to big and took a small bite. I put the fork back down so anyone who wanted to look saw a bitten piece of flesh hanging on my plate.
Um, uncool. She laughed and kept her embarrassment pretty subdued. But I was exposed. And I think I have been trying to live it down ever since.
And the soundtrack played on... Black Crowes "Jealous Again" stands out. And now, National's "Afraid of Everyone."
"I don't have the drugs to sort it out."
I would drive home, 2, 3 in the morning, dozing off listening to songs. Trying hard to stay awake. Thinking back to what had happened the hours before.
How can I be driving up to my girlfriend's house every weekend without ANY adult supervision???
We would play music, play games and always end up in bed. Hours and hours of adult, mature behavior from two kids who barely knew how to tie their shoelaces.
There was no pretense. There was very little conversation. There were problems...


text:
Chew/Teething Accessory - Silicone Chew & Teething Toy, Grey Train
$ 9.99
Plastic-free, BPA & Phthalate-free Silicone and raw beech wood. No harmful chemicals. Dual textures and a great shape to get farther back for those emerging teething on the sides and molars.
Soft and soothing silicone gives baby and toddler more of a "bite" and is gentle on those very sore gums. It also is easy to sanitize and clean in your dishwasher.
Easy small handheld shape for little hands to grasp.
Top rack dishwasher safe to sanitize. Easy to attach to a universal paci clip or use as-is.


text:
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Utility Token
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Security Token
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token, security token separated from different sorts of tokens. Having a
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speculator is understanding the many-sided subtleties that classify
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Contact Information
Website: https://vc.fabainvest.com/
Whitepaper: https://www.faba-white-paper.com/FABA.pdf
ANNThread: https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=5067299.0
Telegram: http://t.me/fabaventurecapital
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/fabainvest/
Twitter: https://twitter.com/FabaInvest
AUTHOR- https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?action=profile;u=852092


text:
Henry VIII (All Is True)
Act Two
By Dennis Abrams
Act Two: As Buckingham heads to his execution, rumors begin circulating that Henry plans to divorce his wife Katherine with Wolsey's approval, and in fact Cardinal Campeius has traveled from Rome to arrange matters. Meanwhile, Anne Boleyn expresses her qualms about queenship to the Old Lady. At the divorce court in Blackfriars Katherine put up strong resistance, however, and refuses to be intimidated by Wolsey and his henchmen.
As I mentioned in my last post, the play was performed at the Blackfriars theater, built directly on the site of the old Dominican monastery where Queen Katherine's divorce case was tried. But, even if the play's early audiences were unaware of the location of Katherine's downfall, the dizzying sense that history was intimately entwined with the present must have inescapable if they paused to "think" about the monastery itself, whose change-of-use was instigated by Henry VIII's most wide-reaching political act: the split with the Catholic hierarchy, the foundation of the church of England and the dissolution of religious houses. Indeed, the fact that Henry VIII hinges on the momentous events of the English Reformation – a schism instigated by Henry's wish to divorce Katherine despite being refused by the Pope – has been taken by many to argue that Fletcher and Shakespeare's play is nothing more than Protestant propaganda dressed up as history. After all, it does climax with the birth of Princess Elizabeth, a Protestant monarch who will preside over a country in which "God shall be truly known," as Archbishop Cranmer puts it in the play's closing minutes (5.4.36). Writing a full decade after that same Elizabeth's death, the playwrights were freed from the Queen's injunction not to perform plays touching "either matters of religion or of the governance of the estate of the common weal," and took the opportunity to retell some of the events of her father's reign, events that were only just beyond living memory for some of those spectators.
In one sense the play's overall trajectory does seem to confirm a Protestant message: it also pivots on the downfall of Cardinal Wolsey; the Lord Chancellor historically sacked by Henry as soon as it became clear that he would be unable to broker the King's "great matter," and arrange a divorce. During his time as chief royal adviser, many were appalled at Wolsey's influence over Henry: all-powerful, vainglorious and with a larger household even than the royal one (the magnificent royal palace at Hampton Court was in fact originally his), the Cardinal was seen to embody everything that was wrong with England. By the time that Wolsey had outlasted his usefulness, Protestant commentators rejoiced that he would be rejected alongside the devilish Roman Church he represented. The play itself makes the reason for Wolsey's downfall more specific, and more ironic. Wolsey's bitter enemy Suffolk gleefully narrates the ins and outs:
The Cardinal's letters to the Pope miscarried,
And came to th'eye o'th'King, wherein was read
How that the Cardinal did entreat his holiness
To stay the judgment o'th' divorce, for if
It did take place, 'I do,' quote he, 'perceive
My king is tangled in affection to
A creature of the Queen's, Lady Anne Boleyn.'
And with these words Wolsey signs what will eventually prove his death sentence as well as his ejection from office. The complicating factor is of course that, at least in this instance, he has done absolutely nothing wrong: in fact, Wolsey has simply told the truth. The difficulty of course is that this truth is just a bit too sensitive to be heard – it makes the King's actions seem somewhat…grubbier than he would prefer. But by this stage, everyone knows that Henry has tired of Katherine and fallen for Anne Boleyn (after dancing with her in Wolsey's house, ironically enough). Even so, Henry is quick to claim that he desires a divorce not because he has fallen in love with Anne, but because Katherine is unable to give him the male heir he so desperately needs and wants. It is a curse that has resulted, or so Henry claims, because the marriage between them is actually void: Katherine was initially married to his older brother Arthur, but Arthur died soon afterwards and rather than break the political alliance with Spain, she was handed over to Henry instead. "Hence I took a thought," Henry heatedly explains to the papal legate Campeius,
This was a judgment on me that my kingdom,
Well worthy the best heir o'th' world, should not
Be gladded in't by me.
If Campeius is unimpressed by these arguments (as Henry suspects he is), it is a cynicism only encouraged by the play. The King has often been portrayed as the play's out-and-out hero, a Protestant monarch who finally banishes the arch-tempter Wolsey (as a previous King Henry banished Falstaff?) and takes control of England for himself. Yet that exemplary image is hardly to be found in Henry VIII. While in real life Henry married Anne Boleyn some four years after the rift with Katherine, in the play the marriage follows with what seems like indecent haste. Likewise, for all the King's bluster about his "wounded conscience," his courtiers (who are always the ones who know) have little doubt as to the reality:
Lord Chamberlain:
It seems the marriage with his brother's wife
Has crept too near his conscience.
No, his conscience
Has crept too near another lady.
The rib-nudging tone of the exchange – and its unfussy language, somewhat characteristic of the play – speaks volumes. And though Henry publicly undertakes to stay with his wife if the cardinals prove the marriage 'lawful,' Katherine sadly reveals that he has long since banished her from his bed."
From Garber:
"The cyclicality of structure offered by a play that ends with the birth of Elizabeth is mirrored, as well, by the clever and knowing way that locales within the play are tied to their contemporary (Jacobean) use. Thus York Place, the sumptuous palace that was the home of Cardinal Wolsey, grander than any residence owned by Henry VIII, is taken over by Henry after Wolsey's fall, renamed Whitehall, and chosen as the place for the celebration after Anne Bullen's coronation as queen. In act 4 the Second Gentleman says the coronation procession "paced back again/To York Place, where the feast is held," and the First Gentleman corrects him:
You must no more call it York Place – that's past,
For since the Cardinal fell, that title's lost.
'Tis now the King's, and called Whitehall.
Whitehall was King James's palace at the time of the first performance of the play; the audience would have registered the pertinence of this 'doubling,' as they would, at the same time, have appreciated that ''Tis now the King's' was true in their time as in Henry VIII's.
Likewise in the play the divorce proceedings of King Henry against his first wife, Katherine, takes place at Blackfriars, which had been – before Henry's dissolution of the monasteries – a residence for Dominican friars (whose black robes gave the building its name). 'The most convenient place that I can think of/For such receipt in learning is Blackfriars,' the King declares to the Cardinals Wolsey and Campeius, who are appointed by the Pope as supposedly 'unpartial' judges in the divorce case (2.2.137-138). But by 1613 – and in fact, since 1608 – Blackfriars was not a monastery but a private theater leased by Shakespeare's company, the King's Men. It is quite possible that All Is True (as the play would then have been known) was first staged there in 1613. So Henry's mention of Blackfriars, like the First Gentleman's mention of Whitehall, might well have produced for the Jacobean audience that sense of uncanny déjà vu that is one of the most unsettling and pleasurable sensations of drama.
Although the play begins with an account of Wolsey's venality and thus in some sense aims, dramatically, at his discomfiture and disgrace, the plight of Katherine is at the center of the action. Katherine herself appears early in the next scene to plead with the King on behalf of the ordinary people who suffer from unjust taxation. (Those afflicted, 'clothiers all,' including, in the Duke of Norfolk's summary, the 'spinsters, carders, fullers, [and] weavers' who make up the domestic cloth trade (1.2.32, 34), contrast sharply, in their homely product, with the fancy and affected French fashions that will be deplored in the following scene). This initial introduction to Katherine presents her as well-spoken, and passionate, and the King treats her as a partner ('You have half our power' [1.2.12]). His meeting with Anne, and their flirtation, arouses in him some belated qualms of 'conscience':
It seems the marriage with his brother's wife
Has crept too near his conscience.
No, his conscience
Has crept too near another lady.
Henry's official doubts derive from the fact that he has married his brother's widow. Katherine, the daughter of Ferdinand and Isabella of Spain, had wed Henry's older brother, Arthur, then Prince of Wales, in 1501. Arthur's death a year later left Henry the heir to the throne, and he and Katherine were married shortly after he became King in 1509. As she reminds the King – and the audience – Katherine bore Henry many children, but only one lived, the future Mary I ('Bloody Mary,' 4. 1553-1558, succeeded by Elizabeth I), and Henry, whether disingenuously or not, takes this as a sign that the marriage was unlawful. (Various biblical injunctions proscribed the marriage of a brother's widow as a kind of incest.) His request for a papally sanctioned divorce led ultimately to his split with Rome and the founding of the Church of England.
The question of 'incest,' and especially Katherine's long and eloquent speech on her own behalf, invites comparison with the situation of Gertrude in Hamlet, who married her husband's brother. Hamlet calls the liaison 'incestuous' (Hamlet 1.2.157), and the ghost of old Hamlet describes his brother as 'that incestuous, that adulterate beast' (Hamlet 1.5.42). In Henry VIII, Henry's description of Katherine as '[s]ometimes our brother's wife' (2.4.178) is close to the play's source in Holinshed, but also, inevitably to modern ears, recalls Claudius's 'our sometime sister, now our queen' (Hamlet 1.2.8). Hermione in The Winter's Tale, a play written in 1610, close to the time of Henry VIII, is another queen accused in open court, and wrongly; her words of love and self-defense in act 3, scene 2, of that play are often compared to Katherine's. Hermione is accused of adultery with Polixenes, a man her husband once regarded as his 'twinned' brother. Hermione's defense, like Katherine's is at once proud and loving, and makes reference to her royal heritage ('The Emperor of Russia was my father'). Katherine's 'We are a queen, or long have dreamed so' links her with both historical affinity with a story that goes – quite understandably – unmentioned in the play: the fact that Henry VIII had an affair with Anne Bullen's sister Mary before he met Anne. Leviticus forbade marrying a brother's wife and was equally firm about not 'taking a wife to thy sister' (Leviticus 18:16, 18). Ultimately the King accused Anne of being both adulterous and incestuous. She was sentenced to death together with her brother, with whom, it was claimed, she had had an incestuous affair.
Katherine's refusal of Wolsey as her judge allows for a magnificent exit, as she storms out of the consistory, to the admiration of the King, who is moved to an expression of familiar affection: 'Go thy ways, Kate' (2.4.130). Nowhere else in the play does he use this affectionate nickname, and to this point the audience may not have associated the royal, and Spanish, Katherine with her Shakespearean namesakes, from Kate in The Taming of the Shrew to Hotspur's wife in Henry IV Part I, nor to that French Princess Catherine whom an earlier King Henry also suddenly called 'Kate' (Henry V 5.2). The King's subsequent speech in her praise ('That man i'th' world who shall report she has/A better wife, let him in naught be trusted' (2.4.131-132), however reluctantly delivered, rings true."
From Bloom:
"The puzzle of the play is the king, who is not the Holbein-Charles Laughton Henry VIII, and always remains ambiguous. Shakespeare, with his customary political caution, avoids any suggestion that Henry is particularly culpable when his favorites fall, though the playwright also never quite exonerates the king. Even the Catholic-Protestant confrontation is so muted that Shakespeare hardly appears to take sides. The play is eloquently plangent, though it purports to conclude with a celebratory patriotism when Cranmer prophesies the glorious reign of the just-born Queen Elizabeth. The audience has to reflect that queen Anne Bullen (Boleyn) joined Cromwell and Thomas More (mentioned in the play as replacing Wolsey) in being beheaded, and that Cranmer is spared by Henry only to be burned alive at a later time. No one in the drama is endowed with any inwardness; they are heraldic pictures with beautiful voices, which is all that Shakespeare wants them to be. Only the king is not a speaking portrait; whether he is more or less than that is beyond judgment, because of Shakespeare's evasiveness. Henry, with all-but-absolute power, somehow escapes responsibility for the evil he has sanctioned in Wolsey, and perpetrated against Buckingham and Katherine. We are not even offered conflicting perspectives on the king; he lacks the nasty consistency that might have made him interesting. A director and an actor can do about anything they wish with the part; every staging I've seen did not abandon the Holbein-Laughton archetype, though there is little in the text to support it.
Why did Shakespeare write Henry VIII? The alternating title, All Is True, is capable of various interpretations, none of them particularly persuasive. Some is true, some isn't, as Shakespeare probably realized. The representation of the king would be unlikely, except that it scarcely exists. Henry at first is not at all clever; he is Wolsey's gull, and is enlightened only when the wicked Cardinal-Chamberlain gets careless in correspondence. A different Henry saves Cranmer late in the play, but we are told nothing about why the king's judgment has improved. We cannot even know whether Henry discards Katherine because of his insatiable temperament, though blaming it on Wolsey is implausible. Shakespeare accepts everything. 'All is true' translates into: Don't make moral judgments; they are neither safe nor helpful. Look at this grand pageant; listen to these elegiac laments; share the nostalgia for the glory that was Elizabeth.
Henry VIII is a processional, a reversion to pre-Shakespearean theater. Shakespeare, weary of his own genius, here undoes most of what he had invented. We are not upon the stage in Henry VIII, except insofar as any of us believes that she or he has fallen from greatness. A dramatic poem of things-in-their-farewell, this is a performance piece, perhaps a last hurrah (though Fletcher and Shakespeare's The Two Noble Kinsmen followed it). Russell Fraser, commending Shakespeare for having 'mastered the noblest rhetoric ever fashioned in English,' wryly also notes that the protagonists of Henry VIII 'dance to the same tune when the last fit of their greatness is on them.' Going down, everyone indeed is equally noble in this play; Shakespeare's 'distincts' are gone. Dr. Johnson thought that 'the genius of Shakespeare comes in and goes out with Katherine,' a judgment that surprises me, since the last fits of Buckingham and of Wolsey remarkably resemble the laments of Katherine. Still, Johnson, the great moralist, was moved by 'the meek sorrows and virtuous distress' of the cast-off queen, and Buckingham is hardly meek or Wolsey virtuous. This dramatic poem went a little to one side of Johnson, who loved Cordelia best of Shakespeare's heroines. And yet Henry VIII, considered for its poetry alone, deserves more aesthetic esteem than it has been accorded. Like The Two Noble Kinsmen, Henry VIII marks a new and original style, one that transcends the stage images who chant it. We hear its first culmination when Buckingham goes to his 'long divorce of steel,' and compares his fate to his father's, murdered by Richard III's command:
When I came hither I was Lord High Constable
And Duke of Buckingham: now poor Edward Bohun;
Yet I am richer than any base accusers,
That never knew what truth meant: I now seal it,
And with that blood will make 'em one day groan for't.
My noble father Henry of Buckingham,
Who first rais'd head against usurping Richard,
Flying for succor to his servant Banister.
Being distress'd, was by that wretch betry'd,
And without trial feel; God's peace be with him.
Henry the Seventh succeeding, truly pitying
My father's loss, like a most royal prince
Restor'd me to my honours; and out of ruins
Made my name once more noble. Now his son,
Henry the Eighth, life, honour, name and all
That made me happy, at one stroke has taken
For ever from the world. I had my trial,
And must needs say a noble one; which makes me
A little happier than my wretched father:
Yet thus far we are one in fortunes; both
Fell by our servants, by those men we lov'd most:
A most unnatural and faithless service.
Heaven has an end in all; yet you that hear me,
This from a dying man receive as certain:
Where you are liberal of your loves and counsels,
Be sure you be not loose; for those you make friends
And give your hearts to, when they once perceive
The least rub in your fortunes, fall away
Like water from ye, never found again
But where they mean to sink ye. All good people
Pray for me; I must now forsake ye; that last hour
Of my long weary life is come upon me:
And when you would say something that is said,
Speak how I fell. I have done, and God forgive me.
Shakespeare's own obsession with betrayal by a friend seems very strong in this, reminding us of the situation of the Sonnets, and of the Player King's speech on the contrariness of wills and fates in Hamlet. There is also an affinity with the Funeral Elegy for Will Peter, composed just before Henry VIII, where the poet's bitterness at having been slandered is pungently conveyed, with several anticipations of the play's laments. Perhaps Shakespeare himself felt that he was only 'a little happier than his wretched father.' We do not know, nor are we at all certain whether the Blatant Beast of gossip had impugned the poet with regard to Will Peter, perhaps for a relationship like that conveyed by the Sonnets. There is a spiritual music in the formal complaints of Henry VIII that carries an undersong of personal sorrow, at least to my ear."
And from Frank Kermode:
"Henry VIII, or, to give it its alternative title, All Is True, displays, in the parts of it that seem certainly to be Shakespeare's, what the Oxford editors call 'grammatical muscularity.' It is an episodic history play, beginning with the fall of the Duke of Buckingham as contrived by Cardinal Wolsey; the King's divorce and his preference for Anne Bullen over his first wife, Katherine; Wolsey's disgrace; the coronation of Anne and the birth of her daughter, Elizabeth; the King's promotion of Thomas Cranmer and the new favorite's escape from a plot to overthrow him; and, finally, the baptism of Elizabeth, with a prophecy of her glorious future.
These events are enacted with notable energy and strong characterization. Shakespeare's earlier history plays ended with the accession of Henry VII, but this one, in describing the reign of his son, was presenting to an audience all of whom had lived under Elizabeth I – dead only ten years or so – an account of the circumstances of her birth. Her very existence was a defiance of Rome, and her long reign, though full of religious conflict, saw the end of the Marian Catholic persecutions and the establishment of the Church of England. The early part of the reign of James I was marked by a revival of interest in the dead Queen's achievements; she had presided over the establishment of England as an imperial power and won a victory over the Pope, now seen as Antichrist. King Henry VIII's divorce was a happy one (though not for Katherine) in that it made possible the birth of this incomparable Queen.
King James liked to be thought a peace-maker, and he wanted peace with Spain, the great Catholic enemy; so the Spanish Katherine is treated tenderly, with much attention to the sadness of her fate. The King's theological scruples concerning the legality of his marriage to the widow of his brother are given their place, but so is his imperious passion for Anne Above all, the play is a vindication of Protestantism, and its conception is plausibly related to the marriage celebration, in February 1613, of James's daughter Elizabeth to the Protestant Elector of Bohemia. It would seem that at the time of its writing the play had a more acute historical and political interest than any of the earlier history plays.
The opening passages are beyond doubt Shakespearian. Norfolk's description of the ceremonies at the Field of the Cloth of Gold may bring to mind some passages of Antony and Cleopatra, and certainly do not lack 'muscularity:'
Men might say
Till this time pomp was single, but now married
To one above itself. Each following day
Became the next day's master, till the last
Made former wonders its. To-day the French,
All clinquant, all in gold, like heathen gods,
Shone down the English; and, to-morrow, they
Made Britain India: every man that stood
Show'd like a mine. Their dwarfish pages were
As cherubins, all gilt; the madams too,
Not us'd to toil, did almost sweat to bear
The pride upon them, that their very labor
Was to them as a painting. Now this masque
Was cried incomparable; and th' ensuing night
Made it a fool and beggar.
Norfolk is an enemy of Wolsey, who 'set the body and limbs'/Of this great sport together' (46-47), and a touch of irony contributes to his excess, but the verse has that tortured, involuted quality I have noted elsewhere. The idea is of pomp marrying pomp and being the stronger for it, or, as Johnson put it, 'Pomp is only married to pomp, but the new pomp is greater than the old.' He calls the passage 'a noisy periphrase.' One single pomp seems to be greater than the other, its nationality not specified (and presumably changing from day to day). The complexity of this idea seems much beyond its value; nothing much is gained by the introduction of the notion that one day married another 'above itself,' and little by adding that 'Each following day/Became the next day's master' (where 'next' means 'the one before' and the culminating point is that the last day owned all the others). The awkward terminal possessive reinforces the sense that nothing above the ordinary is being said, though it seems to cultivate an appearance of meeting exceptional lexical and metaphorical demands.
The point about the gilded pages and sweating ladies is better made and amusing. But Norfolk continues in the knotty vein, so that as one reads one is always pausing (as audiences cannot) to work out what he is saying and to wonder why he is doing it so obscurely:
As I belong to worship and affect
In honor honesty, the tract of ev'ry thing
Would by a good discourser lose some life,
Which action's self was tongue to.
These lines mean that he is prepared to swear that even an expert raconteur could not, in his description of it, equal the thing itself as it was. The personification of actions, the redundant affirmation of his honor and honesty, the affected 'tract' – all this is typical of the muscle-bound contortions of the late Shakespeare's language. The remainder of the opening scene carries a load of explanation and is more business-like, though the style is heavily parenthetical, as if, even in simple exposition, there was always some justification or second thought one had better not leave unsaid.
The fine second scene contains the Queen's protest against Wolsey and the King's response to the accuser of Buckingham, strongly written though occasionally obscure. Before Buckingham's trial there is comment on new fashions, and a prime example of what this play offers more than any other, spectacle – the feast given by Wolsey, and the masque.
The opening of Act II is the first scene in which the tone and quality of the verse are distinctly different. Its centerpiece is the farewell speech of Buckingham, which, from its opening lines, announces the change of key:
All good people,
You that thus far have come to pity me,
Here what I say, and then go home and lose me.
I have this day receiv'd a traitor's judgment,
And by that name must die; yet, heaven bear witness,
And if I have a conscience, let it sink me,
Even as the axe falls, if I be not faithful!
The characteristic feminine endings, giving each line a sort of dying fall at the end, are already established, their elegiac quality contrasted with the rough 'masculine' force of that opening scene (or of Coriolanus or indeed of Prospero's expository speeches in The Tempest). This is a manner normally associated with Fletcher, though I suppose it would not have been beyond Shakespeare to achieve, if he wanted, a softly elegiac tone, such as is required here and in the later scenes of Wolsey's disgrace. The transition from one manner to the other is particularly marked in III.ii, where Shakespeare is commonly credited with the first 203 lines, the remainder being left to Fletcher. The scene describes the King's reaction to the discovery that Wolsey has been lavishly lining his pockets as well as working secretly against his master's matrimonial plans. It is most lively and effective narrative. Not knowing that the King has been given written evidence of his treachery, Wolsey mediates, aside, against the presumption of Anne Bullen and her friends:
The late Queen's gentlewoman? a knight's daughter?
To be her mistress' mistress? the Queen's queen?
This candle burns not clear, 'tis I must snuff it,
Then out it goes. What though I know her virtuous
And well deserving? yet I know her for
A spleeny Lutheran, and not wholesome to
Our cause, that she should lie i'th' bosom of
Our hard-rul'd king. Again, there is sprung up
An heretic, an arch-one, Cranmer; one
Hath crawled into the favor of the King,
And is his oracle.
This is serviceable Shakespeare of the late period, not the kind of excited meditation we find in Aufidius or Prospero but a persuasive representation of thoughts turned over in the mind. The run-ons between 98 and 99, and more particularly from 99 to 100 and from 100 to 101, almost give the effect of prose divided as verse, of a marked, easy informality. All four lines, 98-101, end in prepositions, which hardly permit more than the slightest pause."
Thoughts? Enjoying the play?
Our next reading: Act Three of Henry VIII (All Is True)
My next post: Sunday evening/Monday morning
Enjoy. And enjoy your weekend.