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Medical Specialty >> Dermatology
Doctors Lounge - Dermatology AnswersBack to Dermatology Answers List
If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your doctor or 911 immediately. Doctors Lounge (www.doctorslounge.com) does not recommend or endorse any specific tests, physicians, products, procedures, opinions, or other information that may be mentioned on the Site.
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Date of last update: 10/18/2017.
Forum Name: Dermatology Topics
Question: Aging gracefully as an active tobacco user / wrinkle creams
|anthropologist - Sat Sep 13, 2008 1:35 am
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To Whom This May Concern:
My question is about preventing wrinkles while addressing the fact that I am an active smoker. I smoke about half a pack a day and it's been about six years now. I am 21 years old.
Specifically, I read in a magazine that wrinkle prevention is most effective when wrinkle products (specifically substances containing Retinol) are begun as a daily routine at a young age.
Is it true that using wrinkle creams starting now, while I'm young, will help prevent the development of wrinkles in the future? Also, will this slow the aging process that my face is subject to as a smoker?
For the value of medical history, I have never used sunscreen. I am caucasian and very fair skinned, but I do not burn - I tan heavily. I know this does not mean that I'm immune to sun damage, however. I am hardly ever exposed to the sun and when my skin was looked at under a damage revealing light, there was little to no visible skin damage.
Also, I do know the risks of smoking and the reality of the dangers of tobacco consumption. At this point, I do not wish to quit smoking, but would just like information on how to slow the process of physically visible aging that's sped up and highly visible from smoking cigarettes... As well as an answer to the claim about anti-wrinkle creams supposedly preventing wrinkles if started during youth as a continual regimen.
One last question concerning smoking >> How long does it take, roughly on average, for physical deterioration to show up on the face? If smoking is discontinued, will wrinkles and uneven skin tone improve? How long does it take the body to fully recover from a decade of smoking while under the age of 30? Any answers would be appreciated.
Thank you.
--N. Davis
|Debbie Miller, RN - Tue Sep 30, 2008 4:19 pm
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Smoking will take a toll on your health and your skin tone. It dries out the tissues and more wrinkles are inevitable. People also age at varying paces so it would be impossible to say when it will begin for you. Also, cancer and lung diseases can begin early or late in a smoker. There are many factors at play, genetics for one. If you want to retain smooth, healthy skin for as long as possible you should stop smoking. There are lots of things we want to do and it's all a tradeoff. You choose to smoke; you can't prevent the natural consequences of that decision.
There is no known anti aging wrinkle cream that can definitely help though some botox and retin-A can sometimes help. The drying process that comes with smoking and aging equals wrinkled skin. In a smoker this can be especially pronounced around the mouth. One day perhaps there will be better treatments to reverse the effects of some of our bad habits but these are not known to science yet (to my knowledge).
Best wishes.
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Health & Safety Training | IOSH Approved
The value of effective health and safety training is clear.Far from just a tick box exercise, employers are recognising the very real benefits to be gained from effective health and safety training. Specifically, taking proactive measures to protect and enhance the wellbeing of your workforce can be instrumental in:
- Reducing accidents;
- Protecting your organisation against costly fines, claims and damages;
- Improving employee engagement, motivation and commitment; and
- Lowering absenteeism.
Accredited by IOSH
When investing in health and safety at work courses, you want to know that you're receiving advice and information you can trust.
Our range of expert-led training courses are accredited by the Institution of Occupational Safety and Health (IOSH), the world's largest health and safety membership body. With this assurance, you can be confident that you and your team are gaining valuable insight from qualified professionals equipped with the best possible knowledge and a wealth of experience to back it up. Not only does this make for impactful and effective training, but it also enhances your reputation as a responsible employer.
Thank you for inspiring me and showing that my preconceived ideas about health and safety were inaccurate."
HSEQ Manager, Ecotec Services Ltd
Supporting your specific objectives
Ultimately, with any health and safety training course, you want to leave the session feeling that the advice and information you received was relevant, addressed key topics, answered burning questions, and provided clarity on any grey areas.
The aim of our interactive IOSH training courses is for you and your team to feel better equipped to tackle the specific challenges you face. If you have a particular health and safety training requirement, start by speaking with one of our advisers, who will assess what your priorities are and establish a training programme tailored to your specific needs and objectives. This will ensure the training we provide is relevant to your sector, keep downtime to a minimum and provide you with the fundamental skills and knowledge you need to implement positive change across your organisation.
In safe hands
Our range of IOSH courses are delivered by highly-qualified practitioners. All of our trainers have real hands-on experience of supporting employers all over the UK with their health and safety obligations, and understand the practical measures involved in creating a safe and compliant working environment.
Comprised of a variety of interactive training techniques, our courses will:
- Improve how you manage health and safety by contributing towards overall competence;
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- Make sure that everyone understands their responsibilities and is on the same page, thereby promoting efficiency and preventing mistakes from being made;
- Support you in meeting your legal duty to protect the health and safety of your employees;
- Explain the practical measures you can take to reduce financial and reputational risk; and
- Eliminate health and safety guess work to allow you to operate with confidence.
Accessible and inviting venues
For added flexibility and convenience, our health and safety courses can be delivered at your premises or off site at a location of your choice.
Alternatively, we also run a variety of popular open courses throughout the year in various locations throughout the UK. Whether you're a director, manager or employee, our tailored courses will make your individual responsibilities clear.
If you choose to come to us, we select the very best venues for our health and safety training events, all of which benefit from being in close proximity to public transport links. We make sure that all of our venues offer a bright and inspiring space that is conducive to learning without feeling like a classroom environment. We also provide refreshments throughout the day to make the experience as enjoyable as possible for all involved.
You can find more information on the range of courses currently running below. These often fill up fast, so book your place now to avoid disappointment. Click here to view our IOSH Training terms and conditions.

subset: commoncrawl


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Business Gas and Electricity
Savings Made Easy
If you are looking to reduce your business electricity costs it is time to do a commercial electricity price comparison
How can you be sure that you are really getting the lowest possible prices for your electricity? There is only one way to be sure and that is to do a commercial electricity price comparison. This is where you compare a number of quotes from a variety of electricity suppliers to find out who is prepared to offer the best price. Electricity suppliers not only have different rates between each other but you may even be offered an introductory offer for switching to a new supplier. PCM Switch offers this service to the business world. The rates you will be offered are based on your electricity consumption and the area that your business is in. The more you use, may mean you get a discount per unit. Also what needs to be taken into account is that the more your business uses, the more you need to be made available to you. There are some suppliers who will reserve this on the network for you. His may mean extra costs but can result in a saving at a later stage.
How to make a contract work for you not against you
The main bonus with contracts is that since the supplier is guaranteed an income, from you over a period of time, their risk is lower and they are able to happily lower their prices. From a financial point of view this makes perfect business sense, also in that you have a guarantee from the energy provider to continue providing you with power.
When you have decided on an energy supplier you will be offered a fixed term contract. So since you are bound to use this supplier for the duration of the term it is imperative that before signing you have done a comprehensive business energy audit. After taking all factors into consideration you are getting the best price for your energy requirements.
At the end of the contract many of the suppliers will simply continue with your supply unless you opt out in writing without giving you notice to renew your contract. So keep an eye on the expiration of the contract so that you can take advantage of your opportunity to do another commercial electricity price comparison. Contact PCM Switch today for your energy comparison. By using PCM Switch to do the commercial electricity price comparison you are taking the hassle out of finding the lowest price and the best price.
UK Business Energy Information
Head Office: EATON HOUSE, STATION ROAD, LEEDS, LS20 8XB Company Registration: 4704157 Vat Registration: 817013852


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MINNEAPOLIS -- Minutes after the St. Louis Rams eschewed an extra point because of concerns about the wind at the west end of the stadium, coach Jeff Fisher sent kicker Greg Zuerlein on to the field to attempt a 61-yard field goal after switching sides.
With the wind at his back, Zuerlein made it with room to spare, the longest field goal of Zuerlein's career and the longest in franchise history. Zuerlein made a 60-yarder in his rookie season in 2012. He missed a 63-yard attempt wide right two weeks ago against Cleveland.
Winds at TCF Bank Stadium are swirling around 20 miles per hour on the open west end of the stadium, but it's at the offense's back going east. Fisher was concerned about the wind on the west end before the game and decided to go for a two-point conversion rather than an extra point because of it.
After the first quarter ended and the Rams changed directions, Fisher didn't hesitate to put Zuerlein on the field for the long field goal. The converted field goal made it 10-9, with the Minnesota Vikings leading in the second quarter.
According to ESPN Stats & Information, Zuerlein and Oakland kicker Sebastian Janikowski are the only two kickers in the past 15 years to make multiple 60-plus yard field goals.


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Leading sports brand, Madison, is looking to develop its existing activity in the running sector and wants to recruit a motivated sales professional to cover the north of England, who will combine a successful career with a passion for running and fitness?
Madison want to recruit an enthusiastic runner or sports person who is able to demonstrate a successful track record in new business development, account management and sales. The position is field based and will focus specifically on our Pearl Izumi, Compressport plus Madison's nutrition and technology brands.
Due to the nature of this role, you must be a highly motivated self starter with acute commercial awareness. You should understand the needs of sports retailers, consumer trends and demands and the running/fitness industry as a whole.
Madison offers a competitive salary package and other associated benefits. If you are interested in applying for this role please send your cv together with a cover note, detailing your salary expectations to Deb Newman, Personnel Manager at email@example.com
More details at the Madison website.


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Feel free to donate if you like my tutorials ;)
There are many ways to add some custom CSS in Oxygen. If they all do the same thing, their purpose is a bit different.
When editing an element, you can add some additional CSS properties.
Select your element and go to Advanced / Custom CSS :
Notice that the closed bracket is already added, so you don't have to add one :
The content will be stored in a new CSS file located in \wp-content\uploads\oxygen\css
It will be names like this : [postname]-[postid].css
This file will be loaded ONLY on this page.
You can write all your custom CSS in a Code Block.
The position of the Code Block doesn't matter if you use it ONLY for the CSS, because the CSS will be added in a <style> element in the footer.
Once again, these CSS will be applied only on this page.
I find the Code Block method more convenient, as it's faster and easier to access.
You can also create some stylesheets, in the menu Manage / Stylesheets.
The content will be stored in the universal.css file, located in \wp-content\uploads\oxygen\css
NEVER edit this file manually. It's the default file Oxygen uses for all the styles.
The big difference with other methods is that this file is loaded on every page of your site.
So if you have to style your logo, some headings or some classes, you can do it in a stylesheet.
Maybe you forgot about that one, but it's still possible to use the WordPress Customizer to add your custom CSS.
Go to Appearance / Customize, then add your CSS in the Additional CSS tab :
The content will be added in a <style> element just before the closing </head>.
It's also sitewide, so it will be added on every page.
To understand better how it works, here is a simple example: You want to have a black background on every page of your site, except the homepage, where you want a red background.


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Just in merely doing a superficial analysis of what this Event Flyer is all about -for this Native American Festival in Georgia coming this April- LEMURIA comes to mind. This Logo is actually a very old and ancient symbol that has been frequently observed as a PERSISTENT theme from amongst the Southern Ohio Valley region near and around Adams County, Ohio.
This territory, more or less, surrounds the very indigenous people of the Hopewell & Fort Ancient Cultures. Many make refenece to these cultures as the Moundbuilders – the very creators of these effigy mound sites in Southern Ohio… like that of the Great Serpent Mound in Peebles.
But essentially when the people and ancestors of these Hopewell and Fort Ancient Cutlures were asked the question, "Are you the makers of these Mounds seen spread persistently throughout the Midwest?" – And the most commonly responded answer to this question is, "No, they were here before we came. They were created by another Race of People."
Yes, indeed, in actuality… the true Moundbuilders of these mysterious and wondrous Mounds… are what Ross Hamilton have referred to (from his findings through indigenous people's oral traditions)… as the peoples of the Ale-hana or Ali-hana – a separate Hybrid Human Race of Giants. Biblically in parallel… they are the same Nephilm of days old of which they have often been referred to by Scholars as "The Elohim."
The indigenous peoples of Native "Amaruka" are totally believers of the Angelic Realms of things. And because of this… the Number #4 is seen prevalent from amidst their artwork. In this logo… below what can be seen… are THE FOUR CORNERS… THE CROSS IN THE MIDDLE WHICH PORTRAYS THE "FOUR" WINDS… THE FOUR BIRD HEADS… AND SO FORTH.
To now where this logo, or ancient symbolic representation takes it to the next level… is when we are to analyze, again, the cross in the middle. This cross is equilateral and very well balanced indicative of the "4 Winds." This is highly indicative of Lemuria. The Circle around the Cross is symbolic of the Sun. Lemurians were also Sun-Worshippers as well. Around the circle is an 8-Pointed Star which represents the 8th-Fold Path. one would think that this particlar symbolism is Buddhist. No, essentially it is Lemurian. The Buddhist tradition originally branched further from the very Origins of Lemurian Spirituality.
Another indicator of a Lemurian presence within this artwork logo… is the rotation of the bird heads – rotating counterclockwise. This configuration is not only numerical… not only Sacred Geometrical as well… but is also indicative of a very old symbol predating to not only India but in Africa as well. It is called the Swastika. Not the (clockwise rotating) Swastika of the Third Reich… but rather the counter-clockwise rotating Swastika of what this piece represents: LEMURIA. There is also a hidden Swastika in this immage as well – which lies within the square. One would think that representation is rotating clockwise but really… it is counterclockwise.
Additionally as my final note… the square also represents a hidden representation of the serpent. And the serpent as far as it pertains to Serpent Wisdom.. is also highly indicative of GUESS WHAT?


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Your late night comedy forecast shows a bit of a drought in stand up and other comedy in late night for the next few months. Conan O'Brien continues with his show being off the air (including repeats) while it's being retooled for its 2019 return in Team Coco's new 30 minute format. Unfortunately, that means that a huge source of late night stand up comedy is gone for now. In the meantime, Conan O'Brien is getting ready to hit the road on tour so that his fans don't completely forget him. He'll be touring with some of the best comedians in the business today with his "Team Coco Presents Conan & Friends: An Evening of Stand-Up and Investment Tips." The tour begins in Washington DC at the Warner Theater on November 2nd. For a list of just some of the comedians who be joining Conan on the road, you can refer back to our coverage of Conan announces his stand up tour.
With the mid-term elections coming up in just two weeks, the late night schedules are filled with plenty of pundits (which you won't see listed here) who are taking the funny guests' spots on the late night couches. However, that doesn't mean that there isn't some comedy to be found in this ramped up political season. This week, Trevor Noah is doing a series of three Daily Show specials, each with a specific focus. Here's Comedy Central's descriptions of each one. First on Tuesday, it's the "Daily Show: 'Big Little Allies': A look at the tactless and flat-out weird way Donald Trump has engaged with world leaders since he became president. Then on Wednesday, there's some relief with the "Daily Show: A 100% Trump-Free Show, Vol. 2." And finally on Thursday, Trevor Noah presents the "Daily Show: 'Filling the Swamp': Taking stock of some of the most corrupt and unqualified people to make it into Donald Trump's orbit, including Scott Pruitt, Stephen Miller & Brett Kavanaugh."
Speaking of political programming, "The President Show" starring Anthony Atamanuik is back on Comedy Central on Monday with a documentary special. "A President Show Documentary Special: The Fall of Donald Trump" takes place in the year 2030. In the comedy doc, President Donald Trump has lost re-election in the year 2020 and the tailspin of the former most powerful reality star in the world begins. Years later, those who were there are looking back at how it all went wrong. If you can't wait to see how real life turns out, tune in tonight at 11pm on Comedy Central.
This week in late night also brings us some great, classic names in comedy. Some of the comedy legends visiting our late night shows include the storied English comedian Rowan Atkinson on the Late Show with Stephen Colbert on Wednesday. Most of us know him as Britain's "Mr. Bean" and may not have heard his actual voice in a real conversation. Wednesday on the Late Show is your chance. Thursday, Martin Lawrence is on Jimmy Kimmel Live. "Martin" on FOX was one of the most popular and iconic TV comedy series of the 90s. Also on Thursday, Louie Anderson returns to Late Night with Seth Meyers on NBC. And then on Friday, Madam Whoops herself, Whoopi Goldberg sits down with Jimmy Fallon on the Tonight Show.
Then you can head into Halloween weekend on Saturday with the help of Saturday Night Live to set the mood. The award winning variety series will be foregoing its normal format and instead, Lorne Michaels has put together a collection of the show's best Halloween-themed sketches with "SNL Presents: Halloween," which will be accompanied by the new Halloween tradition featuring one of SNL's most popular new characters of the past decade, "The David S. Pumpkins Animated Halloween Special." Any questions!?


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How the bathroom scale lies, and other ways to measure progress in your fitness program.Read More
All articles filed in Fitness Tips
3 Tips To "Fall" Back In Love With Running
Use these strategies to keep your love for running strong even as the temperatures decline.Read More
Are Daily Multivitamins Necessary?
Are vitamins necessary as part of a healthy diet?Read More
If You're Failing At Anything, Here's Why.
This article discusses the three main reasons you are likely to fail at anything. Learn how to overcome the most important obstacles you'll face.Read More
When Being Healthy Becomes Unhealthy
When do healthy behaviors become unhealthy? Find out in this article.Read More
Follow This Advice to Build Your "FitFam"
Follow these 4 tips to build your fitness support system–your "fitfam."Read More
3 Fat-Loss Myths – Debunked
Have you ever tried losing weight, thought you were doing everything correctly, and still didn't see the progress you wanted? Sure, there are a number of reasons why you weren't seeing the results, but what if the changes you made to your diet weren't actually that helpful–or even downright useless? There are numerous myths surrounding…Read More
Gym Etiquette for Beginners: 8 Gym Norms to Follow
The gym can be a very daunting place, especially for a beginner. It has its own culture, and within this culture are acceptable and unacceptable forms of behavior. Part of the anxiety that is caused by going to the gym revolve around not fitting in. One sure way to stand out (not in a good…Read More
Need to power through a workout? Crank up the tunes.
If you're having trouble getting yourself to the gym to workout, or find yourself getting really bored while you exercise, then putting together an awesome playlist of your favorite music can help. Listening to music while exercising has been shown to improve exercise performance and adherence.[1,2] This performance enhancing effect is likely caused by a…Read More
Is A Calorie Just A Calorie?
I have a question for you: Is a calorie just a calorie? Total calories consumed is the most fundamental variable to be considered when striving to lose weight. Quite simply, you can't lose weight unless you consume less calories than you burn. However, does it really matter where those calories come from? If you indulge in…Read More
Which Should You Do First: Cardio or Weights?
You've started a new fitness program, and this new program calls for both cardio and weight training. You don't want to spend every day at the gym, so you decide to stack some of the weight and cardio workouts on the same days. If you are going to perform both in the same workout then…Read More
Have Lofty Career Goals? Fitness Can Get You There Faster
Exercise is good for more than just improving your health and your waistline. In fact, regular exercise is what's known as a "keystone habit," meaning the benefits extend far beyond the physical ones. Exercise has been shown to improve mood and brain power too.1,2 In addition to the physical and mental benefits of exercise, did you…Read More
[Podcast] Why You're Hardwired To Avoid Change – And How To Fix It.
"Change is the only constant." – Heraclitus Have you ever realized how hard it is to make better food choices and adopt a regular exercise routine? You aren't alone. In order to effectively grow and reach your goals, you will have to adopt behaviors and do things you don't normally do—much of which will be…Read More
What Does Your Sweat Say About Your Workout?
Many people feel that they need to be dripping in sweat after their workout in order for it to be effective. The truth is, how much you sweat is not an accurate predictor of how many calories you've burned during your workout. What's the deal with sweat anyways? Why do we sweat in the first…Read More
Optimize Your Hormones For Better Weight Loss
Hormones play undeniably important roles in the daily functions of our body. However, poor diet and lack of exercise can alter the effects of these hormones, stealing the precious, beneficial effects we get from them. The good news is this: even though a bad diet and no exercise can negatively affect the function of hormones…Read More


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Lagos state bans parties in public school premises -The Lagos state government has announced a ban on the hosting of parties and other social events on the grounds of public schools.
This was revealed by the state's deputy governor, Dr. Idiat Oluranti Adebule, who revealed that the government had a plan to turn around education in the state, including private schools too.
READ: Commissioner for Science & Technology Lagos, Hon. Odubiyi, TECNO MD, Chidi Okonkwo, others unveil TECNO CSR Project
"The governor has directed that schools will no longer be used for social activities," Adebule said. "We want to implore members of the public to report any school that violates this directive and we would ensure that defaulting schools are sanctioned accordingly."
She also added that the government had allocated 17% of its total budget to education, and while the government was ready to partner with private schools, the schools had to be ready to adhere to the set standards.


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Notifications play a very important role in our daily life whether it is about reminders, messages, news and what not.
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Apple on Monday came up with the new iOS 11 Public Beta 1, which corresponds with the second developer beta that was released just last week. The new iOS comes with many small changes and a few big ones. It has introduced the functionality to record your screen, a customizable control center, and the much talked about Notification Center.
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Allen D. Cardwell Manufacturing Corporation records
Accession 2333
Manuscripts and Archives Department, Hagley Museum and Library
PO Box 3630
Wilmington, Delaware, 19807
Finding aid prepared by Jennifer Matthews, 1897-1960, bulk 1920-1960
This finding aid was produced using the Archivists' Toolkit 2013-02-20T16:31-0500
Finding aid prepared using best local practices and Describing Archives: A Content Standard
Cite items for this collection in the following format:
Administrative Information
Gift of IEEE History Center, Rutgers University
Historical Note
The Allen D. Cardwell Manufacturing Corporation was a leading producer of radio parts from the 1920s through the 1950s. In 1908, Allen Cardwell began working in the telecommunications industry as an employee of his stepfather's business, American Telegraph Typewriter Company. By the 1920s, Allen Cardwell had taken over the company and began to supply parts to the burgeoning radio industry.
Cardwell made many types of telecommunications equipment, including telegraph transmitters, wavemeters, coils, receivers, and other types of radio equipment. Cardwell was perhaps best known for their condensers (better known today as capacitors), an important electronic component in radios. Cardwell claimed that their sophisticated condensers provided listeners with a smoother sound and less static interference than their competitors' models.
Cardwell designed products for a variety of companies, including Western Union, American Telephone & Telegraph (AT&T), Western Electric, and the Radio Corporation of America (RCA). Cardwell also designed the first automatic stock quotation system for the New York Stock Exchange. Additionally, Cardwell worked closely with the United States Government, designing and manufacturing communications equipment for the United States Navy, the Army Signal Corps, and the Bureau of Standards. During World War II, Cardwell supplied equipment to the Allied forces, and on May 15, 1943, the employees of Cardwell received a telegram from General Dwight D. Eisenhower thanking them for their support of the war effort.
Cardwell also sold radio equipment to individual consumers and hobbyists. Products were sold to distributors, who then marketed the parts to electronics supply stores. The company used various promotional methods to build the Cardwell brand in hopes that consumers would request their products by name when visiting retail stores. Consumers could also order specialty versions of parts directly from Cardwell.
In 1944, Cardwell moved its headquarters from Brooklyn, New York, to Plainville, Connecticut. By the early 1950s, the company was known as the Allen D. Cardwell Electronics Productions Corporation, reflecting the company's shift to the design and manufacture of a wider variety of telecommunications products. After the company was bought by Norman Kjeldsen in 1957, it was renamed the Cardwell Condenser Corporation. In 1959, the headquarters were moved once again, this time to Lindenhurst, New York, on Long Island. From the 1960s through the 1990s, Cardwell purchased many smaller companies and continued to build its business of supplying electronics and telecommunications equipment. In 2004, Cardwell became a part of the Viking group and is now known as Viking Technologies, Ltd.
Scope and Content
The collection consists of one linear foot of records, photographs, and small scrapbooks. In addition, the collection contains three oversized scrapbooks. The condition of most of the materials is good, although there is a fair amount of foxing on documents within the scrapbooks. The presence of mold substances on some of the documents as well as the deterioration of newsprint and glue within the scrapbooks confirm that these artifacts will require more extensive conservation at a later date. The collection came to Hagley from the IEEE History Center at Rutgers University. Paul Meyer, an engineer at Viking Technologies, Ltd., originally donated the materials to the IEEE History Center.
The collection contains a variety of promotional and technical materials, including patents, design drawings, newspaper and magazine articles, advertisements, and promotional campaign materials. The majority of the documents in the collection come from the years 1914-1955. Most of the promotional and advertising material dates from the 1920s, while a majority of the technical and design drawings are dated from 1940 to 1955. There are also a variety of photographs that document Cardwell's products, facilities, and employees from the 1920s through the 1950s.
Access Points
Amplifiers (Electronics).
Cardwell Condenser Corporation.
Electronics industries--United States.
Radio--Equipment and supplies.
Telecommunication--Equipment and supplies.
Telegraph--Equipment and supplies.
Series Descriptions and Inventory


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20 August 2009
Book Review: Love in the Time of Cholera
Author: Gabriel Garcia Marquez
Published: 1988 Pages: 348
Genre: Romance
Rating: 4/5
Buy | Borrow | Accept | Avoid
Plot Synopsis
Florentino Ariza loves Fermina Daza passionately, and even when she forgoes their youthful romance for a fortuitous marriage, he carries his love for her inside him. Over the next decades of his life he engages in over 600 affairs but he waits for the day when he can declare his love to Fermina once again.
My Thoughts
My thoughts are in a jumble about this book, so forgive me if this review is rambling and inconclusive. On the one hand, the story must have appealed to me on some level as I found myself reading it for hours at a time. On the other hand, it took me longer to read this book than most I pick up because I had no problem leaving it on the table for days at a time.
There is almost no dialogue, very few chapters, and not much action. Yet even as I say that I know that everything and nothing happened in the book. Varied themes, age, love, wealth, family, war, and so on are covered almost carelessly and yet still resonate with a certain power. Characters flit in and out of the story with little depth and yet they reveal so much about the two characters the book is about: Florentino and Fermina. The settings are both constant and varied, providing not their own story but pure backdrop for a tale of love. Marquez has created a world and information is passed in an almost confused fashion, some barely related to the main plotline, and yet each intricacy and tidbit adds a depth that keeps the reader interested.
I was particularly fascinated by the duality of love, the carnality and the comfort. Fermina begins her lovelife in a passion, almost like a love affair with a stranger, a forbidden secret love that is never consummated. She marries and slides into a comfortable love while Florentino loses himself in carnal pursuits that are still thought of, described, and experienced as a form of love. Both sides of love appear to be lauded in this novel. While the reader on some level is rooting for Florentino, Juvenal - Fermina's husband - is not villainized, and actually there is a sort of beauty in the love they have for each other. Compassion and passion perhaps are both needed, and until those involved understand this, there is no hope for a true love to exist.
The novel is a slow seduction, not a rollercoaster of overwhelming emotions, and while I, at times, could not truly express why I kept reading, I am very glad I did.
Other Reviews
Let me know if I've missed yours
A Fondness for Reading
things mean alot
A Novel Menagerie
Adventures in Reading
Shelf Love
9 comments:
I've only read one book by Marquez - One Hundred Years of Solitude, but many of the things you describe here are how I felt about that book--more a book about words and themes rather than action. I've heard good and bad things about this one, and even though I have it on the shelf, I just can't seem to pick it up. Glad that in the end it worked for you.ReplyDelete
Trish - It was a painful journey at times, but yes it did seem worth it in the end. I haven't read One Hundred Years yet, and I'm definitely giving it some time before I pick up Marquez again. I need a bit of a break.ReplyDelete
- AnonymousMon Aug 24, 07:16:00 PM CDT
Trish -ReplyDelete
I think your last paragraph pretty much sums up the "magical realists" like Marquez. Italo Calvino is another who rights in the same vein. I read Love in the Time of Cholera several years ago - and now I'm thinking it might be worth re-visiting.
- AnonymousMon Aug 24, 07:17:00 PM CDT
Oh brother...could you please correct my spelling on "writes". *sigh*ReplyDelete
Booksexy - Don't even worry about the spelling. First, I didn't even notice, and second, I misspell all the time when I'm writing fast. :)ReplyDelete
"Slow seduction" is a very apt description. I can't quite pinpoint why this book worked so well for me, and yet it really did.ReplyDelete
Nymeth - Thanks. I feel the same way; it's difficult but interesting and satisfying read.ReplyDelete
Hi Trisha, thanks for linking to this review in the comments of my abandoned posts. I don't actually link to other reviews in my abandoned posts but I did want to come read your thoughts.ReplyDelete
I think my biggest problem is I just didn't care for the characters. I wasn't rooting for Florentino at all.
Amanda - No prob on linking. I'm not sure I was ever rooting for Florentino, but there was something captivating about the relationship.ReplyDelete


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Castles and Coastline
A visit to Northumbria to take pictures of the sea and castles (when it wasn't raining!)
Castle in the Clouds
We once again head to Dorset as I try achieve my bucket list shot: Corfe Castle in the mist.
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I finish as runner-up in the British Photography Awards.
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I had two images shortlisted in this year's competition.
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With the school holidays now here and the temperatures soaring, we visit the Peak District.
Standing On Ridges
A trip to the Peak District sees us waiting on ridges waiting for sunrises and sunsets.
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A magical trip to the Lake District leads us to beautiful skies, tranquil lakes and misty mornings.
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We visited Wales again, this time to the Brecon Beacons armed with a tent and sleeping bags.
Bluebells And Windmills
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Adventures In The Uplands Photography Competition
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The Start of Spring
We head back to North Wales to look at lighthouses, islands, quarries and mountains.
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A trip to Snowdonia after the 'Beast from the East' casts its icy spell.
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My attempts to capture the iconic sight of sunrise through the arch of Durdle Door.
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With snow falling, I thought that I would try my hand at some more snow photography.
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Originally published for mixed voices, this stunning work has reached a large audience in a very short time and has been published in SSAA and TTBB voicings to meet the growing demand. The reviews are in -
Set to the Latin Pulchra es amica mea text from Song of Solomon, this a cappella work is inspired by the beauty of the aurora borealis as seen by the composer in his native Norway.
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The entire Pepper team thanks every teacher and director working to support your community. Look for free resources at cuedin.com and jwpepper.com/teachingonline. We are here for you! Best to reach us by email at [email protected] or call 1-800-345-6296. Our current phone hours are Monday-Friday 9:00-6:00 ET.
*Note that every Pepper location is abiding by all federal, state, and local regulations regarding Covid-19, as well as CDC guidelines. Most of our employees are working from home. All Pepper locations are currently closed to the public. The safety of our employees and customers is paramount.


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President's Message
December is always a time of reflection for me, and as I look back and reflect on how the members of the Junior League of Wichita Falls have been busy impacting and supporting our community I am overcome with pride. We kicked off our year by participating in the Texoma Gives Day of Giving with our campaign "Ask Me about My Uniform" where members brought awareness to the need of uniforms for children in our local schools. Not only were we honored to be part of Texoma Gives and help celebrate the over $1,000,000 raised for local non-profits on that day, but we are extremely proud to have been able to raise the money to give back 243 full uniforms to students.
In November we celebrated our 37th annual Christmas Magic at the Wichita Falls MPEC Exhibit Hall. The exhibit hall was transformed into a festive and bright celebration as our "Oh What Fun" theme helped kick off the gift-giving season. This event is our League's largest fundraiser, raising more than $100,000 each year that goes right back into our community plan.
Our International Friendship Committee has been busy celebrating Oktoberfest with our friends from the German Air Force and hosting a traditional Thanksgiving dinner. We are honored to continue our 50+ years of friendship with the German Air Force and supporting the Euro-NATO Joint Jet Pilot Training Program (ENJJPT) at Sheppard Air Force Base. We look forward to our upcoming events as the year progresses and making the German community feel at home during their time in Wichita Falls.
We have also been investing in the training of our membership in order to empower leaders. We have held trainings on voter registration and held a meeting for local candidates for office to come and inform our members on their platforms in order for our ladies to be educated at the polls. In November, we held satellite meetings in lieu of our monthly membership meeting in order to provide a small-group opportunity for discussion and fellowship. Our mentor groups are going strong with groups having a mix of active, sustainer, and provisional members in order to build networks, and our 2018 Fall Provisional Class has recently had 13 members complete the course to begin their active status starting in January 2019. The time and dedication that our members have given to this organization and our community is truly awe inspiring.
Our Partners in Education Committee has been busy impacting the lives in two local elementary schools and are getting ready to host Christmas parties at each location that will support 200 children. They have also been busy working with the Wichita Falls Area Food Bank where they have packed over 600 Power Paks 4 Kids for students to take food home with them in their backpacks on Fridays in order to have food for the weekend. Our HEART Committee has been busy mentoring female teens in two local junior high schools through hosting monthly events that focus on skill building and relationship forming skills. The Kids in the Kitchen Committee has also been busy teaching kids about healthy eating and exercise habits at local elementary schools.
Our Opportunity Knocks and Community Assistance Fund Committee has been busy reviewing applications and granting funds totaling $21,000 and numerous volunteer hours to area nonprofits that need our assistance. We are dedicated to our community and love the collaboration that goes into making a difference where we live!
As January is right around the corner, I'm getting excited about what our members have planned for the spring! Our League of Arts Committee has many events planned to take all forms of the arts to local youth centers and provide an opportunity for kids in our community to experience a wide range of possibilities surrounding the arts. Our Food Fight Committee will host the 4th annual Food Fight in March to support the Wichita Falls Area Food Bank and compete against other Junior League's across Texas in a "Food Fight" to combat hunger. And we will also host our annual Give Light Awards in April to showcase our community volunteers and give back to the non-profits they serve.
As at all times of reflection, I am in awe of what has been accomplished and inspired by what is to come. With over 330 active, provisional, and sustaining members, the Junior League of Wichita Falls contributes over 17,000 volunteer hours and over $300,000 annually in training and project funding the Wichita Falls community. Thank you for supporting us as we are "Empowering Leaders" to impact our future!
Crystal Short JLWF President 2018-2019 firstname.lastname@example.com


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Bass Marimba
Photo by Will
The Bass Marimba is by far the largest and most powerful
instrument I have built.
It is over 12 feet long, and all of the 24
exceptionally large bars are made of Honduras rosewood.
This instrument has 19 standard wavelength resonators and 5
cavity resonators. The
reason for the cavity resonators is that extremely low
frequencies require extremely long tubes, which in turn would
require a high stand for the instrument and a high riser for
the musician to stand on.
In all 24 bars on the Bass Marimba, I tuned the first three
modes of vibration to produce exact harmonic ratios 1:4:8 in
each bar. Therefore,
above the fundamental or first mode of vibration, the second
mode sounds the interval of the double-octave, frequency ratio
4/1; and the third mode sounds the interval of the
triple-octave, frequency ratio 8/1. I developed this tuning
technique because in low-sounding bars the higher modes of
vibration are clearly audible.
Despite its enormous size, this instrument requires only a
screwdriver to assemble.
Hand knobs hold all the large structural components
(See also
Creative Aspects >
Instrument Design Features.)


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12 days of Christmas: little baubles of joy!
Here they are in all their glory – LucyQ's fabulous festive offerings.
Make someone's Christmas extra special with one of these little baubles. Don't forget, each piece comes ready wrapped in a glorious LucyQ black and red gift box. Simply stunning under the Christmas tree.
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Review Details
Hot 180% Density 360 Frontal Wig Virgin Brazilian Body Wave Good Quality Affordable Wig [BTW02]
- Product Review (submitted on January 4, 2017):
- This hair is phenomenal. I have received no shedding or dangling, even when i slept in the hair. This was my first ever human wig and i am beyond pleased. OMGqueen, you just made a loyal customer out of me ^- ^!!!


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Classes - Andecdotal Stories - Products and Services
1. Flower essence and acu-point description
2. Essay: Water and its Ability to Record Substance.
3. The Tao of Acupuncture
Conceptual Overview of Floral Acupuncture™
NEW! Radio Interview on Floral Acupuncture. Click Here to Listen.
NEW! Water Research on the Energetic Patterns of Flower Essences.
Book | Certification | Classes | Andecdotal Stories | Products and Services
What's New - Conceptual Overview - About Us - Contact - Links
www.FloralAcupuncture.com - All Rights Reserved


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Extending Salesforce Marketing
Cloud Functionalities – a Case Study
Project Overview
CoreValue built a web plugin within the Marketing Cloud environment to extend Marketing Cloud's functionality. In order to accelerate the routine marketing and sales processes, our solution enables the user to choose custom options automatically. The advantage of our application is a custom UI with data extensions that include
- a wrapper for Journey builder
- a segmentation tool
- multi-addressing option
- one-off email management
- topic hierarchy choice
- custom activities for Journey with multi-channel communication.
Another beneficial feature of the solution was the customization of native Connector. This enabled bi-directional synchronization between Salesforce and Marketing Cloud objects, e.g., Campaigns, Surveys, Content, Statistics, Analytics, etc. Now the user can quickly utilize Marketing Cloud to the fullest. The app is featured at HubExchange.
Client description
The Client is a global company providing integrated information and technology-enabled healthcare services. The Client serves pharmaceutical, biotechnology, device and diagnostic, and healthcare companies. Headquartered in the USA, it operates in more than 100 countries with more than 50000 staff. It offers Research & Development, Commercial and Integrated Development solutions to its customers including cloud-based applications and implementation, advanced analytics, strategic consulting services, biopharmaceutical development services, clinical monitoring, clinical trial support, and strategic planning for health care provider and patient engagement services.
Our team was tasked to develop a unique brand new application in order for sales reps and marketing professionals to make their work processes more efficient. Without prior best practices available, the team had to conduct a profound POC so that an actionable solution can be developed.
In order to enable bi-directional synchronization between Salesforce and Marketing Cloud objects the team was to customize a native Connector so that all the actions done by sales people in Marketing Cloud are mirrored to get processed later and then came back to sales reps without making extra efforts.
CoreValue's Role and Provided Solutions
CoreValue built a web plugin within the Marketing Cloud environment which extends Marketing Cloud's functionality. In order to accelerate the routine marketing and sales processes, our solution enables the user to choose custom options automatically. The asset of our application is a custom UI with data extensions including:
- wrapper for Journey builder
Benefit: Simplification of the Journey wizard shortened the creation process of a customer journey to just a few clicks. The process is faster, easier and much more productive.
- segmentation tool – important for smooth operations
When building target lists according to specific criteria, native Marketing Cloud performs multiple queries. Our segmentation tool performs a comprehensive query and choses segments by drag and drop according to necessary criteria. So the marketer can now build a complex target lists based on various aspects/criteria, .e.g., channel type, location, hot/cold lead, topics opt-ins,etc.It also helps to segment the or/not option, e.g., I need a list of contacts who use panadol OR paracetamol not eferalgan, etc.
Benefit: As a result a user has data extension that can be used in Journey, not just data gathering but adds additional fields so all segments are created to be added to journey.
- customized one-off communication
The process of one-time email and responses can be monitored and processed from one UI. In other words, everything regarding a user can be seen in one table.
Benefit: user friendly- improved customer experience.
- multi-addressing option The marketer/sales rep can extract necessary target lists from the system by drag and drop according to communication channel type, products,hot/cold leads, topics, etc.
Benefit: quick, robust, intuitive, saves time and effort for the user
- topic hierarchy choice
- custom Connector
We implemented a custom connector enabling data transfer from Marketing Cloud to Salesforce. On top of native Salesforce Marketing Cloud Connector we built a custom connector consisting of 2 parts — Salesforce connector package and customized solution synchronizing Marketing Cloud into Salesforce.
When certain products are coming from Salesforce to Marketing Cloud based on product type, the marketing team builds Journeys, which are then synchronized into Salesforce. The sales rep can see all vital info, the list of needed Journeys necessary for that specific product in his CRM, and then enroll the contacts into the Journey. Our connector reads all Journey data and transfers the enrolled list to Marketing Cloud, identifies the equivalent in Marketing Cloud, and transfers it to the Journey in Marketing Cloud.
By mirroring the Contact/Record in Salesforce in the assigned Salesforce journey, our connector reads the metadata, and transfers it to Marketing Cloud. Now the contact can be worked on in Marketing Cloud.
With our unique solution marketers can form a journey for the sales team, and they can work further with the enrolled contacts ino the journey after Marketing Cloud synchronization. The results are ready for further analysis for both sales and marketers simultaneously. After the journey is rolled out, all responses from enrolled contacts, and their interactions, automatically return from Marketing Cloud to Salesforce. Connector is the bridge performing data transfer efficiently and productively.


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Homer's Odyssey: A Fearless Feline Tale, or How I Learned About Love and Life with a Blind Wonder Cat by Gwen Cooper Stars: ***** Delacorte Press (Random House) 2009 Summary: The last thing Gwen Cooper wanted was another cat. She already had two, not to mention a phenomenally underpaying job and a recently broken heart.… Read More »
Homer's Odyssey and Dewey's Nine Lives (Cat Books)
The Chimp Who Loved Me And Other Slightly Naughty Tales of a Life With Animals by Annie Greer & Tim Vandehey
Stars: ***** Diva Press (2010)215 pages 20% of sales go to the ASPCA! Summary: The Chimp Who Loved Me is a collection of true stories from the life and times of Annie Greer, a veterinary chiropractitioner, animal healer, radio host, speaker, farmer's wife and all-around magnet for bizarre animal behavior. […] if you crave twisted… Read More »
Winter's Tail, Made You Look and Face Painting
I don't like writing mini-reviews and putting more than one book in a post but I am so behind I need to catch up somehow. Winter's Tail: How One Little Dolphin Learned to Swim Again by Juliana Hatkoff, Isabella Hatkoff and Craig Hatkoff Stars: **** Scholastic Press (2009)Children's NonfictionReading Level: 4-8 (I disagree, see below)… Read More »
Nasty, Brutish and Short: The Quirks and Quarks Guide to Animal Sex and Other Weird Behaviour by Pat Senson
This week is all about SEX! You can read more here but check back every day this week for reviews and giveaways. Stars: ***** McClelland & Stewart (Division of Random House) Nonfiction (Animals) 296 pages Summary: Birds do it, and bees do it, so do all animals, some of them in weird and wonderful ways.… Read More »
Our Farm: Four Seasons with Five Kids on One Family Farm by Michael J. Rosen
This review was meant to be published on Well-Read Child first but due to some mix-up, didn't get posted. Stars: ***** 2008 Darby Creek PublishingChildren's Non-fictionAges 10 and upISBN: 9781581960679$18.95 USA Junior Library Guild Selection Summary: Follow along through all four seasons to find out what the Bennett family does on their farm. This is… Read More »
Spiked Scorpions & Walking Whales: Modern Animals, Ancient Animals and Water by Claire Eamer
, Stars: ***1/2 This is the second similar book by Claire Eamer. I've reviewed Super Crocs & Monster Wings as well. Summary: Following in the steps of Super Crocs & Monster Wings, this highly engaging book looks at six different groups of animals that are linked with the place where all life began – the… Read More »
Jungle Jack Hanna: The Wackiest, Wildest, Weirdest Animals in the World by Jack Hanna
Stars: **** Summary: Have you ever seen a naked mole rat? Do you know what a binturong is? Do you know what kind of bird has a deadly kick? Explore the world's wackiest, wildest, and weirdest animals with expert and host Jungle Jack Hanna. The book features thirty animals that are wacky, weird, or wild.… Read More »


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|AP Capstone
|Summer Check Ins
|English 1 Honors
|Lord of the Flies
|English 2 Honors
|Edith Hamilton's Mythology
|AP English 3
| Catcher in the Rye
AP Language and Composition
|AP English 4
|Summer Reading Adventure
|AP Chemistry
|AP US History
|It is recommended that you check-out your AP United States History textbook "Give Me Liberty" and the two supplemental readers "Voices of Freedom" volumes one and two for the summer. Reading at least the first six chapters will help you a great deal at the beginning of the course with quizzes and the first unit exam which covers chapters 1-6. Also, it will be helpful to read as much of the "Voices of Freedom" volume one as possible. The chapters correspond to the textbook chapters. It is recommended that you read the "Voices of Freedom" AFTER you have completed the textbook chapter to add to your comprehension of the readings.
|Cyber Patriot
LINK This camp Introduces students to Cyber Security essentials and the ethical use of computers, and prepare them for the upcoming CyberPatriot. Marina students interested in competing in CyberPatriot, will form a team, become a Marina Club & compete in the Fall.
For more information on CyberPatriot visit this LINK


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Register now
and grab your free ultimate anatomy study guide!
Course of the olfactory nerve viewed from the left side of a parasagittal section.
This is a sample quiz. Upgrade to Kenhub Premium to get full access.
This quiz covers the following 27 structures.
Mixes exercises based on your unique learning history, and adds new structures about this topic. A personal quiz, just for you. Premium members only.


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In the summer of 1998, when Larry Page and Sergey Brin were drafting an official business plan for the company they hoped to build around their Google search engine, they asked Guido Appenzeller for a little help.
Like Page and Brin, Appenzeller was a Ph.D. student in the computer science department at California's Stanford University, and the way he tells it, Page and Brin knocked on his door only because he'd taken a class at the business school. His first suggestion was that they write their business plan with Microsoft Word – not with the HTML webpage editor they were inclined to use. "We hacked on it for about two afternoons," Appenzeller remembers, "and that was all I ever did for them."
But that's not quite true. Yes, over the next several years, as Google grew into the web's most dominant force, Appenzeller merely watched from afar. He finished his Stanford degree and founded a startup of his own. But that bit of help with the Google business plan isn't all he ever did for Page and Brin. In 2008, after returning to Stanford as a professor and researcher, Appenzeller oversaw the development of OpenFlow, an open source networking technology that soon reinvented the way Google shuttles traffic across its worldwide web empire.
This is no small thing. To support its myriad web services – from search to Gmail to the G Drive – Google now operates nine of its own data centers in the US and Europe. It leases space in an untold number of other facilities across the globe. And this sweeping network of data centers is widely regarded as the most sophisticated operation on the net. According to Urs Hölzle – the Grand Poobah of the Googlenet – OpenFlow is the most significant change to the networking game since he first came to Google more than a decade ago.
In the simplest of terms, OpenFlow lets you program networking equipment in much the same you program computers, smartphones, and tablets. Rob Sherwood, who worked on OpenFlow alongside Appenzeller at Stanford, says the technology remake networking in much the same ways the Android and Apple app stores remade cell phones.
OpenFlow lets you write your own networking software rather than relying on the very limited – and proprietary – software that traditionally drives our networking gear. "It's essentially a transition from something that is closed to a very open ecosystem," says Appenzeller. "It's like the transition from those Nokia cell phones of ten years ago – or, before that, from the mainframe."
Now, with Google blazing the trail, Appenzeller is leading others towards this new world of programmable networks. In 2010, together with Kyle Forster, another former Stanford graduate student who kept an office just down the hall from him at the university, he founded Big Switch Networks, a company that specializes in OpenFlow. On Tuesday, the startup officially unveiled a broad collection of OpenFlow software tools, and Appenzeller tells us these tools have already been deployed inside big name companies – though he declines to name them.
It's a story we hear time and again: Google is forced to reinvent its online operation as it juggles increasingly enormous amounts of data, and then its work trickles down to the rest of the industry. But this time, the story is playing out a little differently – and perhaps a bit quicker. The difference is that OpenFlow is open source technology that originated outside the web giant, and it's already backed by a wide range of software and hardware vendors, including startups such as Big Switch and Nicira as well as established names like HP, Cisco, and Juniper.
Ethane Begats OpenFlow
OpenFlow traces its roots back to a man named Martin Casado. And, yes, he too was a Stanford student.
With his Stanford Ph.D. thesis, published in 2007, Casado described a new-age networking architecture he called Ethane. It was the beginning of a movement dubbed "software-defined networking," or SDN. That isn't the best of names, and as more and more companies leap on the bandwagon, it loses meaning by the day, but the basic idea isn't hard to grasp. SDN seeks to provide a better way of controlling computer networks.
Today, we manage our networks using proprietary software provided by the company that built our switches, routers, and other networking gear – i.e. Cisco or Juniper or HP – and this isn't easiest of tasks. Raymie Stata, the former chief technology officer of Yahoo, compares a complex computer network to the 15-Puzzle game, that old pastime where you try to organize 15 sliding tiles inside a square with space for only 16. But SDN aims to change this, by making networks more programmable.
"Software-defined networking is applying modularity to network control," Scott Shenker, a University of California, Berkeley professor who worked with Casado on his Ethane dissertation, told us earlier this year.
"Modularity is something every software designer does in their sleep. If a program isn't modular, it's just spaghetti code. Software-defined networking asks what are the right software abstractions that let us structure the network control plane so it's evolvable, so it's not just a bunch of spaghetti code."
In 2007, Casado, Shenker, and Casado's other advisor, Stanford professor Nick McKeown, founded a networking startup called Nicira. The company applied the Ethane idea to virtual networks – networks that exist only a software – and it found a certain amount of success. In July, virtual server kingpin VMware paid $1.26bn to acquire the tiny Silicon Valley outfit. But as McKeown explains it, he and his co-founders were also interested creating an open source technology with a much wider reach.
"We really felt – and I in particular felt – that it was important to build an open ecosystem that was much more than just one individual company like Nicira," McKeown says. "Nicira was working on network virtualization, but we felt that software-defined networking had applications across networking as a whole."
The result was OpenFlow, an open source protocol for remotely managing network gear. Nicira used the protocol to control virtual network switches and build virtual networks you can configure independently of the hardware running beneath them, but OpenFlow can also help manage the hardware itself, including physical switches.
Back at Stanford, McKeown hired Guido Appenzeller – another former student of his – to oversee the OpenFlow's continued development and help get the rest of the industry behind the project, including hardware makers. You can't use OpenFlow to manage hardware unless you build it into that hardware.
Hardware makers HP, Cisco, Juniper, and NEC soon backed the project, and so did Google. "We were already going down that path, working on an inferior way of doing software-defined networking," Google's Urs Hölzle told Wired this spring. "But once we looked at OpenFlow, it was clear that this was the way to go. Why invent your own if you don't have to?"
Google now uses OpenFlow to control the hardware that shuttles network traffic between its massive data centers, and odds are, it does much the same inside its data centers as well. The company built its own OpenFlow hardware and software – with some help from outsiders – but the market has now evolved to the point where you don't have to. Due in part to Appenzeller's work at Stanford, the likes of Cisco, Juniper, and Arista offer commercial OpenFlow hardware, and his Big Switch Networks is among those offering software that oversees this gear.
The Virtual Meets the Physical
Like Nicira, Big Switch sells a network controller – aka software that oversees your network. But unlike the Nicira controller, the Big Switch tool lets you manage both virtual and physical gear. "Virtual networking only solves half the problem. It's not like physical switches are going to disappear in the data center," Appenzeller says. "You want to manage one network – the virtual and the physical."
Virtual networking isn't an easy thing to grasp. But the basic idea is that you can handle the most complex aspects of your network in software rather than hardware. This includes security, and the way networking packets are routed. Using controllers from the likes of Nicira and Big Switch, you can benefit from OpenFlow without buying OpenFlow hardware.
But as you start to upgrade your hardware, the BigSwitch controller lets you manage this as well. Yes, it's confusing. But it's also where the networking world is going. In all likelihood, Nicira will also offer software for controlling physical OpenFlow gear. After all, it helped build the controller that oversees the hardware moving traffic between Google's data centers.
Appenzeller and Big Switch also offer a network "tap" for analyzing network traffic and an open source controller called FloodLight that lets anyone build their own OpenFlow applications.
These tools have a least sparked the interest of two other outfits that oversee some of the world's largest online operations: the financial giants Goldman Sachs and Fidelity. Both are quoted in the company's press materials, though neither goes so far as to say it's actually using OpenFlow or Big Switch software.
When it officially launched this past February, Nicira said its tools were used by several big name operations, including Fidelity as well as AT&T, eBay, Japanese telecom NTT, and Rackspace, the chief rival to Amazon in the cloud computing game. Both Rackspace and eBay have spoken to us about their use of Nicira's technology, and though Big Switch customers aren't yet talking, they do exist.
While at Stanford, Appenzeller also helped bootstrapped the Open Network Foundation, the not-for-profit consortium that now oversees OpenFlow, and its board now includes names from Facebook, Microsoft, and Goldman Sachs. Facebook has yet to make the move to OpenFlow, but the others may be well down that road. Where Google goes, others follow.


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Lawmakers OK funding for NIC computer science expansion
UPDATED: Tue., March 6, 2018
Idaho lawmakers set a budget for the state's community colleges on Tuesday that exceeds Gov. Butch Otter's proposal, which would have resulted in a cut to North Idaho College's budget and stopped the expansion of the Coeur d'Alene institution's popular new computer science program.
Instead, the budget approved on a 19-0 vote in the Joint Finance-Appropriations Committee includes $307,700 to expand the program to serve twice as many students as the 60 it can take now.
"That is a program that we initiated in the last couple of years, and there are students in the pipeline," said Rep. Wendy Horman, R-Idaho Falls, who proposed the successful budget motion. "This is the build-out of that program."
The computer science program is a collaboration between NIC and the University of Idaho that allows students to study for their first two years at NIC, then transfer to the U of I and earn four-year degrees – all without leaving Coeur d'Alene. It is in its second year; NIC officials said there's enough demand to double the number of students to 120.
An array of line-item requests from the state's community colleges went unfunded in Otter's budget recommendation for next year, as Otter focused new funding based on the recommendations of his higher education task force.
Horman's proposal added back in both the computer science program expansion, and $385,000 to offset benefit cost increases at NIC and the College of Southern Idaho. That's similar to a move made earlier in the higher education budget for the University of Idaho. The U of I, NIC and CSI all are self-insured, so the state's approach to benefit cost funding next year – relying on drawing down reserves to cover part of anticipated premium increases – otherwise would mean a big expense those colleges would have had to pick up.
Overall, the community college budget that lawmakers approved shows a 17.1 percent increase in state general funds, but that's largely because of the addition of the new College of Eastern Idaho. Otter's budget recommendation showed a 15.3 percent increase.
Broken down by institution, the budget reflects a 1.5 percent increase in state funding for NIC; 1.1 percent for CSI; and 10.9 percent for the College of Western Idaho, largely driven by enrollment workload adjustment funding tied to that college's fast-growing enrollment. The new CEI would receive $5 million in state funding.
Otter's budget would have resulted in a 2.3 percent decrease in state funding for NIC next year.
The budget still needs passage in the House and Senate and the governor's signature to become law, but budget bills rarely change once they're set by the 20-member joint committee.
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