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In some cases, indirect causes are obvious, and you can be thorough without doing a full RCA.
We recently wrote articles about simplifying RCA and identifying indirect causes. The following two examples demonstrate a specific point about temporary repairs and completing inspections adequately.
Case Study 1 – RCA on chute wear plate that broke off, fell, and cut the conveyor belt.
This RCA identified the following sequence of events from the work order system:
- On 10 December 2017 bolts holding a chute wear plate were loose. There were no correct bolts available, so a temporary repair was executed using threaded bar. There was no subsequent work order raised to bring the wear plate back to the design standard during the next scheduled event.
- On 14 March 2018 the chute was again inspected, but the technician noted that the internal inspection, where the previous work was completed, could not be done as per the maintenance inspection checklist. There was no subsequent work order raised to complete the inspection at the next time available.
- On 9 May 2018 the plate fell and damaged the conveyor. Luckily the belt rip detector worked, and the damaged conveyor was slow moving so the plant was only down for 2.5 hours while the temporary repair was executed.
The outcome from the RCA included a redesign of the bolting system holding the plates. This is a very clear case where there is no need to change strategy or change the design of the system. Simply identify the failure mode, whether we have a task to manage that failure mode and where the current task is adequate but has not been implemented adequately then just communicate to everyone. It is essential that everyone knows when they do a temporary repair, which sometimes must occur, we raise a subsequent work order to repair to the correct standard at the next scheduled event.
Case Study 2 – Hydraulic access stairs failed to operate causing 4 hours downtime.
A set of hydraulic stairs for a truck failed to operate causing 4 hours downtime for the truck to be repaired. The stairs failed to operate due to a failed hydraulic hose. The hose failed because it was oversized and the stauff clamp, used to secure the hose, created a rub point causing the hose to fail. The oversized hose was fitted previously as a temporary repair.
In both cases, just by looking at the parts, we realised there was no need to do a detailed RCA. It was obvious what had happened, and we had to communicate to everyone about the importance of raising a subsequent work order to correct temporary repairs during the next scheduled opportunity.
By David Archinal


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Seven AirPods-style earbuds that cost less
Budget alternatives from Xiaomi, Huawei, Oppo... and Taobao
Ever since Apple introduced AirPods two years ago, there's been no lack of competition from rival phone makers introducing their own wireless, one-size-fits-all earbuds. And of course, Chinese companies are jumping on the bandwagon too.
The latest? Xiaomi -- a company long known for taking design "inspirations" from Apple.
Not all of these Android earbuds can reproduce the seamless experience you'll get connecting an iPhone and AirPods. Still, there's at least one thing Apple can't beat: The price. For less than US$30, you can own a pair of Xiaomi AirDots.
Scroll through our gallery for more alternatives to the AirPods you can get from China.

subset: commoncrawl


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2017-04-12 15:00:00 2017-04-12 16:00:00 America/New_York Research Seminar Series - William Hart Purdue Partnerships Manager, Sandia National Laboratories GRIS 103
Research Seminar Series - William Hart
|Event Date:
|April 12, 2017
|Hosted By:
|School of Industrial Engineering
|Contact Name:
|Erin Gough
|Contact Phone:
|Contact Email:
|Open To:
|School or Program:
|Industrial Engineering
|College Calendar:
"Leveraging Advanced Modeling Capabilities in Pyomo for National Security"
Pyomo is a powerful open-source modeling language (ML) that is written in the widely used Python programming language. Complex, real-world optimization problems require the use of MLs to simplify the process of describing and analyzing optimization problems. Specifically, a ML is applied to develop an optimization model, or a high-level description of an optimization problem. MLs also automate the tedious processes of writing input files, executing an optimization solver, and extracting the solution.
Sandia has developed Pyomo to support the analysis of complex national security applications. We will review representative applications that illustrate key features of Pyomo, including municipal water security, electric power planning and management and cybersecurity. A key feature of Pyomo is its object-oriented design, which can express structured models in a hierarchical manner. This design enables Pyomo to model and analyze a wide range of optimization problems, including linear and integer programs, stochastic programs, nonlinear programs, generalized disjunctive programs, mathematical programs with equilibrium conditions, bilevel programs and dynamic optimization problems. Pyomo supports explicit control of the application of modeling transformations, which convert models into canonical forms that are supported by optimization solvers. We will describe how these capabilities provide a generic, re-usable framework for analyzing complex real-world applications.
Dr. William Hart is the Purdue Partnerships Manager at Sandia National Laboratories and works full-time on the Purdue University campus. At Sandia, Bill has led research teams developing methods related to stochastic programming, parallel optimization, mathematical modeling, theoretical computer science and graph algorithms. His research focuses on optimization techniques, including: parallel branch-and-bound, heuristic global optimization, and derivative-free local search. He has also applied optimization to many real-world applications, including computational biology, engineering design, logistics planning, and sensor placement in municipal water systems. He has developed a variety of optimization software libraries, including the widely used DAKOTA and Pyomo software packages. In 2016, Dr. Hart led a team that was awarded an R&D100 Award for their work on Pyomo. He is a member of the COIN-OR Senior Leadership Board, and he is a former member of the board of the INFORMS Computing Society.


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This weekend at Eastbrook Church we continued the second part of our extended journey into the Gospel of Luke entitled "Appearing." This series looks at Jesus' public appearing in ministry in Luke 3 and 4.
This past weekend's message, "Jubilee," is an important one in which Jesus preaches from Isaiah 61 in the Nazareth synagogue. You can also follow the entire series at our web-site, through the Eastbrook app, or through our audio podcast.
Also, join in with the weekday reading plan for this series here.
"The word of God came to John son of Zechariah in the wilderness. He went into all the country around the Jordan, preaching a baptism of repentance for the forgiveness of sins." (Luke 3:2-3)
Jesus the Prophet Who Speaks (Luke 4:16-17)
- Images of enslavement in Egypt
- Images of exile in Babylon
Jesus the Messiah Who Enacts (Luke 4:18-19)
Jesus the Jubilee Has Come (Luke 4:20-21)
Three Implications of Jesus and Jubilee
- Knowing where we are and our need for Jesus the Jubilee
- Experiencing freedom in Jesus and freeing others
- Moving into forgiveness in Jesus and forgiving others
The Polarizing Potential of Jesus (Luke 4:22, 28-30)
- Receiving His gracious words (4:22)
- Furious with His piercing words (4:28-30)


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Press office service
This online press office
is managed by Leaf Communications.
It gives you direct access to our latest news and
press releases, up-to-the-minute project references,
and a library of downloadable images for use in
print or electronic media.
For further
If you can't find what
you want here, we are just a phone call or email
Whatever you need just call or email Leaf
Tel from UK 01737 904166
Tel from outside UK +44 1737 904177
Email firstname.lastname@example.com


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Gorkha Gaun
Gorkha Gaun
Nepal has one practice, may be its the same all over the world. Once you are rich enough to afford city life, you leave your village and start living in the city. Instead of trying to develop your village, you abandon it. Gorkha Gaun is one of the best destination in Nepal for nature lovers and those who wants to experience rural tourism.
Though development is essential, sometimes not being developed can also be an opportunity, you just need to know how to grab the underdevelopment. Gorkha Gaun resort is one perfect example of the utilization of such opportunity.
10 minutes rough road drive will take you to the resort. you wont realize its a resort unless you enter inside the luxurious deluxe rooms. No concrete high walls, no modern gate, no guard on his obvious duty dress. You will just see a village with identical houses.
Further Information!
You will be greeted by local people (working in the resort) who would give you the feel of village by the traditional dress they wear. smiling village people trying to serve you as much as they can will assign you the respective rooms.
Wait!! Don't go until they take you, you may not know how to open that traditional lock of the room. Though a village looking resort you will find every thing you find in deluxe hotels in city.
Clean rooms with mud painted walls, modern toilet with stone tiles, an example of advancement inside underdevelopment .
Gorkha Gaun resort is a man made village inside a natural village. If you have a look of it from distance, it will look like an artists painting, and its painted in the nature.
Such projects can definitely help in the existence of village. I must say some people are urbanizing and others are resortizing that also in traditional way.
-Banita Khanal
Image: https://goo.gl/0licWk


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Dear Members and Friends:
Welcome to the VUFO-NGO Resource Centre Newsletter for 15 – 31 Jul, 2017.
It is informed by World University Service of Canada (WUSC) that as from July 3rd, 2017, Ms. Hue Nguyen has become the new Country Coordinator of WUSC and Uniterra program in Vietnam. Her email address for contact is: [email protected] [2]. Her cellphone number is 090404 1585.
From 1 July 2017, the VVOB office in Vietnam has moved to a new place.
The VVOB Vietnam's new address is: 46B, Che Lan Vien, My An, Ngu Hanh Son district, Da Nang, Vietnam
The VVOB Vietnam's old address was: 307-A3, Thao Vien Guesthouse, 1B Bac Son, Ba Dinh, Hanoi
The landline phone number +84-4-37344795 and the fax number +84-4-37347290 have been cancelled.
Please reach VVOB Vietnam at the official landline phone number +84-236-3923332.
From 1 August, 2017, Mrs. Le Thi Dieu Phuc has been appointed to be the acting Country Programme Manager. Her email address for contact is: [email protected] [3]. VVOB looks forward to continuously working with all of you on further developing and growing activities and effectiveness of VVOB in Vietnam.
There are two meetings scheduled for the second half of July 2017:
• Climate Change Working Group Meeting, on Wednesday, Jul 26 at 9:00
• Disaster Manangement Working Group Meeting, on Friday, Jul 28 at 14:00
The CCWG meeting will take place at the Oxfam's office, 22 Le Dai Hanh, Hanoi. And the DMWG meeting will be held at NGO Resource Centre Office, Room 201, Building E3, Trung Tu Diplomatic Compound, 6 Dang Van Ngu, Hanoi.
Please check the 'Calendar of Events' section on our home page for the latest updates and possible changes.
Warm greetings from the VUFO-NGO Resource Centre's Team!


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The American Society of Home Inspectors (ASHI) designates accepted codes of ethics and standards of practice that qualified home inspectors typically use as guidelines when defining their services. According to ASHI, a home inspection is restricted to conditions which are visually discoverable. Issues that exist within walls, ceilings or floors or which are underneath the ground are excluded from the scope of examination. Under ASHI standards, inspectors are not required to record conditions that would require the dismantling of construction or excavation of ground services.
When reviewing an inspection report, buyers should note the scope and limitations defined by the inspector. Generally, inspectors will outline the parameters of the home inspection performed in either the initial contract or the report. The majority of inspectors will use ASHI standards as the basis for their services and the inspection will be limited to discovery of conditions that are normally visible.


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From our knowledge of projects, the following solutions to the hydraulics component consistently stand out.
SPPG identify areas of repetitive work and endeavour to refine their simplicity in cost through careful detailing of the constructability and prefabrication of the elements.
We also identify pipeline systems that could utilise common bracketing within the project. This assists in reducing both cost and time components in the overall installation.
During the Design Development Stage, and after initial approval of proposed fixtures and tapware schedule, we establish a complete set of samples for review by the Project Team and most importantly the 'users'. The samples displayed include pipe materials, safety equipment, floor grates, flushing devices etc, in addition to the customary taps and basins.
Finally, we implement our own internal peer review process, whereby an independent Designer objectively reviews, comments and discusses all of the noted areas as previously identified, to provide a value adding approach.


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Food, Drink and Shopping
Ptarmigan Restaurant
Highland hospitality combines wholesome traditional local ingredients with spectacular views from the warmth and comfort of the UK's highest restaurant.Located at the heart of one of the UK's natural larders, we are proud to use locally-sourced produce from some of the finest suppliers in the Highlands. Accredited by Taste of Scotland, the Ptarmigan operates as a semi-served restaurant during the day but opens as an exclusive venue for evening dining and private events over the summer months.
Make ContactCairn Gorm Mountain
Greater Speyside
tel: +44 (0)1479 861261
Send Email To This Business
Are you the owner / manager of this business? Edit your entry.


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Do you know that our state of Tennessee once had a strong Old-time Music tradition? In its earliest days the Grand Ole Opry featured banjo players, fiddle players, and string bands from Middle Tennessee. So there's no wonder why there are several violin shops that can be found in our state. For musicians and string players who wanted an instrument in the violin family, here's a quick list to keep you going. I hope this will help you find a suitable violin for you.
The Violin Shop started in 1988 serving Nashville's musicians with their wide range of stringed instruments. They also offer top quality rentals as well as a complete line of strings, cases and accessories. An on site full-service repair department with knowledgeable and experienced staff guarantee quality workmanship and services.
Website: http://www.theviolinshop.com
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/TheViolinShop
Address: 2504 Franklin Pike, Nashville, TN 37204, USA
Tel: 615-662-1570
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Since 1999, Nashville Violins has been a full-service repair and restoration shop serving the West Nashville. They carry the largest range of new and vintage violins, violas, cellos, basses, mandolins, guitars and ukuleles as well as a range of bows and accessories. Lesson program is also available to students to more advanced players.
Website: http://www.nashvilleviolins.com
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/NashvilleViolins
Address: 5109 Georgia Ave, Nashville, TN 37209, USA
Tel: 615 292-5196
Fax: 615 292-5740
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Williams Fine Violins is a full service violin shop featuring the largest selection of new and old instruments in Tennessee. The shop was opened in 2004 serving customers along with the skilled and trained luthiers who work with the instruments and bows.
Website: http://www.williamsfineviolins.com
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/williamsfineviolins
Address: 1218 17th Ave S, Nashville, TN 37212, USA
Tel: 615-429-2927
Email: email@example.com
Steve Perry is the founder of Gianna Violins specializing in fine stringed instruments since 2002. They provide the sales of handmade instruments and accessories. They also do general repairs and restoration services. All instruments are professionally set up in the shop.
Website: http://www.giannaviolins.com
Address: 1121 Endsley Ln, Friendsville, TN 37737, USA
Tel: 865-995-9546
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
This full service violin shop offers instruments such as violins, violas, cellos, and basses. Aside from the musical instruments, they also kept in stock necessary accessories for sale. Quality rentals and repairs are also undertaken in the shop.
Website: http://www.wilhitestrings.com
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/Wilhite-Strings-208325602537303
Address: 2105 Keller Bend Rd, Knoxville, TN 37922, USA
Tel: (865) 670-1888
Fax: (865) 670-1929
Email: email@example.com
6. Holmes Bass Viol and Other Stringed Instruments
Holmes Bass Viol is a family owned and operated business and has been the source of all needs of bass, cello, violin and viola. They provide these products at affordable prices as well as the best service available. They also carry a good selection of parts and accessories for the violin family.
Website: http://www.holmesbassviol.com
Address: 110 Flippin Field Road, Milan, TN 38358, USA
Tel: 731-742-4107
Email: email@example.com
One of the largest and most respected musical instrument store in the country is Amro music store. It is a family business providing products such as piano, band and orchestral instruments since 1921. Knowledgeable members of staff offer the sales and quality service in the shop.
Website: http://www.amromusic.com
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/amromusic
Address: 2918 Poplar Ave, Memphis, TN 38111, USA
Tel: 901-323-8888
Fax: 901-302-3307
Email: email@example.com
8. Oviolin
Whether you're an amateur or a professional player wanting to have an instrument in the violin family, our shop will always be available at your service. Though not based in Tennessee, we are passionate in delivering to any part of this place! So before you buy an instrument, look first through our collection. Click here to view our violin catalogue.
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PNP dead in the water - Creary
St Mary:
Mayor of Port Maria, the Jamaica Labour Party's (JLP) Richard Creary, has charged that saddled with a weak representative whose political naivety will prove to be his undoing, the People's National Party (PNP) has no chance of retaining the South East St Mary constituency.
"Based on what I am seeing on the ground, persons are motivated. They've been expecting a by-election for a different reason as there was a court case. So the Jamaica Labour Party supporters have been motivated from the last general election up to this point. Every day, people were calling, 'When is the by-election?'," said Creary.
The JLP candidate, Dr Norman Dunn, was declared the winner following the preliminary count in the 2016 general election, a decision that was reversed during the recount, with the PNP's Dr Winston Green prevailing by five votes. This prompted the losing candidate to file a petition in the Supreme Court, a matter that was being pursued up to the time of Green's death on August 14.
Now that the by-election is set for October 30, Creary is confident that a swing in his party's favour has started, and in combination with the apathy among PNP supporters, this will create the groundswell to guarantee a Dunn victory at the polls over the PNP's Shane Alexis.
"Once the ballots go into the box accordingly on the 30th, we should have a comfortable victory over the People's National Party. One of their former ministers was in Richmond walking around the other day and made a comment. A former beauty queen, I am told, made a comment that she is not feeling it on the ground, and I can understand why," declared Creary.
"Apart from the fact that he was, I believe, president of the Medical Association of Jamaica and maybe had got some press at that time, but that doesn't translate into votes in a constituency like South East St Mary. He's not known. He's a weak candidate."
He added: "Even in his (Alexis) interactions with people, they will tell you that he's not the sort of person who is down-to-earth, that can relate to country people. So he's having that challenge. The PNP have realised that they, maybe, made a bad choice because all of those candidates that persons would see as formidable choices did not want to come to St Mary to take the beating."


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The expertise required for Health Economic and Outcomes Research (HEOR) studies ranges from the roles of a programmer, an analyst, a statistician, and a researcher. Given the large size of the data and the complexity of the study designs, it can be difficult to consolidate these roles in order to effectively complete the project. One such study had been stalled for more than a year when it was presented to EG Life Sciences team.
Two programmers had been working on this request as well as the client statistician. The SAP had been changed multiple times, which, along with other obligations of the client statistician, contributed to the delay. However, the fi nal bottleneck was due to the statistical modeling. The study involved pulling data from a database of ~75 million lives, two medications, two different diseases, three population groups, and over 30 outcomes of interest requiring both parametric and non-parametric modeling.
EG Life Sciences held a series of meetings with the client statistician during which we shared descriptive statistics and distributions of each outcome variable to inform the modeling strategy. Our team offered a variety of approaches to the statistician and a decision was made as to how to model the different outcome variables which allowed this stalled project to move forward.
By combining our programming, analytical, and statistical resources we helped bring a long standing project to a close so that our client could move forward with their research and publication objectives.
A complex research project was stalled due to SAP changes, statistician obligations, and a dearth of statistical modeling expertise
By proactively offering a variety of modeling solutions, we were able to quickly come to a decision, with input from our client stakeholders, that allowed a long-stalled project to be completed.


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Kidney Function Restoration Program
There are relatively few contraindications to the placement of peritoneal dialysis catheters. The most important consideration is whether or not the abdominal cavity has previously been violated. Previous pelvic surgery that may lead to adhesions, colostomy, ileostomy, or urinary diversion would be a relative contraindication. Absolute contraindications include aortic vascular graft within three months, presence of ventriculoperitoneal shunt, ascites, and peritonitis. Previous retroperitoneal/ extraperitoneal surgical procedures such as hysterectomy, caesarean section, and nephrectomy (retroperitoneally) are not considered contraindications.
Was this article helpful?


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Bee Tool Bag - Cream
Price: £18.54Product Code: G0310
Ex VAT: £15.45
Ex VAT: £15.45
Size (L x W x H): 0.00mm x 320.00mm x 260.00mm
Availability: In Stock
Qty: + Add
A lovely bag for any discerning beekeeper. Made here by our talented seamstresses.
The bag is made from hard wearing calico, double thickness. The bag has six pockets around the outside, in an attractive hexagonal material, again these are lined in heavy duty calico. The bag has sholder straps and a tie to keep it closed.
The bag is ideal to take down to your apiary, put all your hive tools and little bits and bobs in the outside pockets - hopefully they won't get lost again!! Or a great bag to take shopping on the high street!


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There are over 3,000 acres of water surface on Lake Bruin, and the visitors to Lake Bruin State Park have access to every acre for incomparable freshwater fishing, superb water sports and fine outdoor living. The 53-acre site was originally established in 1928 as a fish hatchery.↓ show more
Lake Bruin State Park on Facebook
Cabins/Lodges/Group Camp: Basic cookware, cooking utensils, dinnerware, silverware, towels and linens are provided. Bring your own food and personal supplies; group camp visitors will also need to bring their own dishes, silverware, paper products, bathroom tissue, towels and linens. (click here for facility pictures and layouts) (map)
|Deluxe Cabin
|$150/night plus tax, Sun-Thurs
$175/night plus tax, Fri-Sat
|1 available; sleeps up to 8 people with 1 queen bed, 1 double bed, 2 twin beds and a sofa sleeper
|Standard Cabins
|$85/night plus tax
|2 available, ADA compliant; sleeps up to 4 people with 1 queen bed and a sofa sleeper
|Maximum Occupancy of 60 people.
*Unit is equipped with electrical lighting.
Additional Information About Overnight Facilities
A $6 non-refundable fee will be assessed on each reservation transaction made online, via phone, or as a walk-in.
Camping: (map of campsites 1-25) (map of campsites 26-48)
|12 Premium Campsites (12 prime location campsites, 3 of which are pull-through campsites, all with water and electrical hookup)
|$33/night plus tax, Fri-Sat
$30/night plus tax, Sun-Thurs, Apr-Sept
$25/night plus tax, Sun-Thurs, Oct-Mar
|36 Improved Campsites (water and electrical hookup)
|$28/night plus tax, Fri-Sat
$25/night plus tax, Sun-Thurs, Apr-Sept
$20/night plus tax, Sun-Thurs, Oct-Mar
|America the Beautiful Senior and Access Passes (formerly Golden Age & Golden Access Passports) (Available through the National Park Service. Click here for more information)
Holders of the Passes, whose state of residence also honors the America the Beautiful pass, are entitled to a 50% reduction on camping fees at Louisiana State Parks. (Passport holders are allowed one site per passport).
Additional Fees
Use of Personal Golf Carts on State Park Property - $10/cart per day; $100 annual permit available. Proof of cart insurance required; must be operated by a licensed driver.
State Park Operated Rentals
|Rental Boats
|Flat Bottom Boats
|$20 per day
|includes 2 paddles and 3 life jackets
A Birder's Guide to Louisiana gives directions to over 100 areas for birding throughout the state, includes maps, Louisiana specialties, and contains beautiful photography and checklists of Louisiana birds and other wildlife. The Guide was produced through a partnership between the Atchafalaya National Heritage Area and the American Birding Association.


text:
Welcome to Ocean County College!
New Degree-Seeking Students
Students are considered full-time when enrolled in 12 or more credits. Students are considered part-time when enrolled in 11 credits or less.
New Transfer Students
SUBMIT TRANSCRIPTS: Students transferring credits from another institution should arrange for official transcripts to be sent to the Office of Registration & Records for evaluation.
Visiting and Non-Degree Students
Visiting students are currently enrolled at another institution and are at OCC to take classes to transfer back to their home institution. Non-Degree students are not pursuing a degree or certificate at OCC, but are taking classes for reasons such as completing prerequisites or personal enrichment.
Advising for Online Students
Students taking their classes completely online can register for classes by logging into Ocean Connect and selecting the Student Planning tab.
Get Involved!
We offer a wide variety of student clubs and organizations to suit the diverse needs, interests and backgrounds of our students.


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TECH SUPPLIER Oct 2018 - Market Presentation - Doc # AP44227418
Industry Internet of Things Road Map: Financial Services in Asia/Pacific (Excluding Japan)
This IDC Market Presentation highlights the key Internet of Things (IoT) use cases under trial and production for the financial services industry in Asia/Pacific (excluding Japan). It helps address the key questions that end-user organizations in the banking and insurance sector are looking to answer. This research leverages IDC's annual IoT End User Survey 2017 to provide insights into use cases that these organizations should be focusing on, vendor partnerships that they should be looking to engage in, and the drivers and impediments of IoT deployments in the financial services space to plan their road maps for the future.
Subscriptions Covered
Asia/Pacific Internet of Things Ecosystem and Trends
Companies Covered
Deloitte LLP, Orange S.A., Wipro Limited, Oracle Corporation, Intel Corporation, Brocade Communications Systems, Atos S.A., SAP SE, China Unicom Limited, Vodafone Group Plc, Sierra Wireless S.A., Dell Inc., ARM Limited, China Mobile Limited, IBM, Amazon Web Services Inc., VADS Professional Services Sdn Bhd, Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd., Cisco Systems, Inc., China Telecom Corporation Limited, Siemens AG, Lenovo Group Limited, Microsoft Corporation, Samsung
Regions Covered
Topics Covered
Analytic applications, Financial resource management, Internet of things, Network security, Wearables
- 13 slides
Get More
When you purchase this document, the purchase price can be applied to the cost of an annual subscription, giving you access to more research for your investment.


text:
Search the Community
Showing results for tags 'aurora'.
Found 261 results
Trainer for the original game Red Dead Redemption (Not GOTY!), Title ID 5454082B, Media ID 2AAB34E2 and with title update 9 (TU#9), for the console Xbox 360 with Aurora dashboard (RGH Jtag), created by me with the engine XYZ... enjoy !!! Trainer +10 + Inf. Red Eye + Inf. Money + Inf. Items + Inf. Ammunition + Inf. Resistance Mount + 100k chips to the Poker Pot (Always Win) + 1k BlackJack chips + Maximum Life + Mod Jump + Maximum Streak Note: 100k chips to the poker pot, at the start of the poker game you must bet everything and you will always win, if you get to lose in one hand you need to go out with B button and try again. A thousand Black Jack chips by exceeding 1500 chips you can not play any more in that hand. Maximum life is not same to infinite life. Maximum streak is for Multiplayer mode. Video+Dwld
trainer Crimson Alliance - Xbox 360 Arcade (Aurora)
Chuchox posted a topic in Aurora Compatible TrainersTrainer for the Arcade game Crimson Alliance Xbox 360 console and dashboard Aurora (RGH Jtag). Crimson Alliance, Title ID 58410983, Media ID 3363AC9E, TU# 1 Trainer +2 + Inf. Gold + Inf. Items Created and tested by me. VIDEO + DWLD
No Plugin menu on Aurora settings v0.7b r1622
observingman posted a topic in Aurora supportHello, Trying to follow this tutorial , i am facing the problem that there is no plugins option inside the settings (please see the attached video). The dashlaunch does not have any plugin that may be conflicting, and my Aurora installation is new from the scratch. As long as I cannot configure plugins, the "System link" option in the xbox guide appears greyed out Thanks in advance, Roger VID_20200126_232458.mp4
Error injustice and mortal kombat RGH
bichert74 posted a topic in Other topicshello very good I have a problem with the game Injustice Gods Among Us and Mortal Kombat 9 on my RGH console, when I start it says "dirty disk" error please clean, I have tried everything such as downloading it from another page, running it from disk Hard internal and external but nothing works, the most curious thing is that a few months ago I had those 2 games and I was going perfectly but now those errors jump exactly in those 2 games, help!
[Aurora] In-game Web Browser
Edcarlo posted a topic in Requests and SuggestionsIt would probably be too much work/impossible but here's the suggestion anyway: An in-game bare-bones web browser (overlay maybe?)
Tut: adding sound to skins..
felida posted a topic in Skin development and LUA scriptingVideo Explains it all: default_music.xzp Edit: you can use http://online-audio-converter.com/ to convert your MP3's to wav's.. is fast, free, and online.. make sure you set "Quality" to 20khz (tape) to save on files size..
skin Skin Call OF duty Black ops III
MUGIWARAL93 posted a topic in Aurora SkinsINVITE ME A BEER Paypal: email@example.com Hi guys, i wanna share with you my skin From Black ops III with animation, sound background n' a menú not even seen in aurora or RGH i mean the options menú of the game, i hope so you like and sopport me to make more skins. Link: http://adf.ly/1mJrVF
Aurora 0.7b, including NOVA, by Phoenix
Mattie posted a topic in Aurora releasesPhoenix has released version 0.7b of Aurora, and it includes NOVA! Check it out on the website: http://phoenix.xboxunity.net. If you like what we're doing here, feel free to buy us a virtual beer or something! EN-US.xml
Fatal Crash Intercepted on Boot Up
pantostado posted a topic in Aurora supportHi, earlier today I was patching DLC for The Walking Dead through 360mpgui to get it to work. Seeing it worked, I tried the same with season 2 DLC, extracting it through Horizon, patching it with 360mpgui and putting it back in with Horizon again. I haven't put any plugins in my ini file or however it works, the only things I did between the last time it started Aurora fine and now that I get the Fatal Crash Intercepted Error are the ones listed above. I'm still new and learning about these things, so when experimenting I tried deleting all the files that I changed through Horizon and 360mpgui, plugging the HDD in after the console startup (showing my Arcade games inside "My Games" tab, and being able to play them) and deleting the HDD cache. Anybody knows how to fix this please? Thank you. So I changed launch.ini to access directly to the Xbox 360 dashboard. Inside I launched xexmenu and tried to start Aurora's .xex and that's what giving me the fatal crash.
Skin based between one of the Skins of Kodi TV I tried the most to be as close as possible but for some unforeseen of the own aurora it was not possible but for me it was amazing I hope you like it too A 2 versions with avatar more music-----DOWNLOAD With avatar without music----DOWNLOAD
before anything i was apogize for my bad english and i dont know if this post does belong to this section so delete it if you must Welcome in this threat i will show you how i make covers and also give you the tolls you need to make your own New style create by Kira125 Here some examples XBOX360 XBOX ARCADE KINECT INDIE APP EMULATOR Also i implemented a simple rate sistem that can be visualize from the dash The tutorias are made in spanish because im from argentina but they are explained by themselves of course if there are lot of peole who wants them in english i could make a try to make one How to modify a cover to fit in new style https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YPFGPlnI0Kg&list=UUY-XZv7bQyc6Aq6HkFY1Arg How to use the rate sistem https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CXyo_rHrq-k&feature=youtu.be how to upload covers to unity, push them to your xbox and ask for missing titles https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=seIoMFd21A4&list=UUY-XZv7bQyc6Aq6HkFY1Arg Tolls used in the videos Photoshop Cs5 spanish version http://www.mediafire.com/download/myb1hwq97x4xbcm/Photoshop+Cs5+Espa%C3%B1ol.rar Mirdonet http://multiple-image-resizer-net.software.informer.com/2.9/ Covers style from kira125 https://mega.co.nz/#!gNMTVYyZ!L38Hq5mve5wSY4JCSrjTLSZJHUlKVs5XA0eywxlYFLY Unity http://xboxunity.net/ Ask for a game or report bugs http://www.realmodscene.com/index.php?/forum/52-unity-support/ I hope this could be usefull for somebody i want to thanks BlotarenSS from deviant art from him i get the basic stuff from my new cover style original files from BlotarenSS https://mega.co.nz/#!tVVQzSKC!juAXgPRttU2WqFSiAbJ4Aynn3fEVevWaPQDj-cps2t0 in case you want to create your very own style you just need Photoshop Cs5 and some imagination
NOVA - The Future of LiNK
MaesterRowen posted a topic in Requests and SuggestionsHello everyone! We don't have much to show and there is still lots to do. That said, enjoy this tease and stay tuned for future announcements.
LEGO DLC not working
Oatcakes posted a topic in Aurora supportHi, I'm having issue with getting the game to recognise the DLC. The game is LEGO Marvel Avengers. The DLC's file path is Hdd1:\Content\0000000000000000\5752084F\00000002 The Title Update is Title Update 1, the only one on Xbox Unity. The games are showing unlocked with XM360, and contpatch is enabled. When the game loads up the following message reads "Please install the lastest LEGO Marvel's Avengers update in order to access the latest Add-on Content." Then when you go to Season Pass it reads "You need to be signed into an Xbox Live enabled profile with the correct privileges to access the Xbox Games Store." Any help would be awesome thank you.
I am trying to use LiNK through Aurora, but Port Forwarding functions always fail. I have set UPnP enabled on my router and the ports 3072 & 3071 are seemed to enabled and are picked up by upnp but the LiNK test still shows failure. Another question are these requirements enough for me to play on LiNK smoothly.. I have an internet connection of 2MBPS, somehow Downloading speed on average remains around 200kbps. Is it enough to let me play on LiNK with minimum lag?
Question about skin SFX
Krah posted a topic in Skin development and LUA scriptingHey, Just wondering about SFX in skins, obviously for button presses e.g 'A' or 'B' on the main page are pretty straight forward using xuitools. What I'm not sure about are things like cursor movements e.g Left and Right scrolling though the Coverflow and similar things (menus etc). I'm guessing these things would need to be hardcoded in the source but just want to confirm if this is the case? Best regards, Krah.Johlito
[Upcoming Skin] Fluent
x1024 posted a topic in Aurora SkinsThis is an upcoming skin for Aurora 0.6b inspired by Microsoft Fluent Design.
Boot anim or Fake anim wont start up !!
mouad posted a topic in Other topicsHello everyone , i did replace the original boot with fake anim but this last wont start the intro is taken from youtube and in format wmv . is there something not right ? THANKS IN ADVANCE
Aurora xbox guide not showing, cant play LiNK
TheIronJeff posted a topic in Aurora supportI used to be able to connect to LiNK from the aurora xbox guide menu (the one that shows up when you press the home button), The next day when i logged on to play link, the aurora guide menu didnt show up and i cannot connect to link. My Unity ID is signed in and i even tried reinstalling Aurora, it didnt seem to work out anyone got a fix for this?
Hello everybody im trying to show up the games on xbox 360 dash like in the picture below .. is there any option to do that ? thanks in advance
GTA 5 Aurora Trainers Crashes
treliyvan posted a topic in Aurora supportI need help please, anyone who may know the answer. Im using Aurara 5b on a RGH corona, I had GTA 5 working just fine, I install some trainer from XZY mod and now my GTA restarts the xbox, I tried delete the game and reinstall, I delete the DLC's, I unstall the tralers, I installed different tiltle update and uninstalled them, still the same, the game restart the Xbox, can anyone tell me how to fix this.
Trainer for the Arcade game Undertow Xbox 360 console and dashboard Aurora (RGH Jtag). UNDERTOW = TID: 58410873 / MID: 5A2BEFE6 / TU:2 Trainer +5: + Inf. Bombs + Max Energy P1 + Easy AI + 999 Kills + Time 00:00 Created and tested by me only with the class "Soldier" may work whit others Maximum energy does not mean infinite life. Time 0:00 I recommend activating it only towards the end each level and then deactivate it. The last level it can only pass with the soldier. VIDEO
Title updates don't show up anymore...
saifsaif45 posted a topic in Aurora supportHi guys! So I was having fun with my Xbox 360 and i check title updates in aurora after I download a game, I downloaded black ops 2 and I went to update it to the latest version, but title updates don't show up, I checked plugins and my Internet and it was good, I reconnected the Internet but it doesn't even show up..., any help? Edit: Just discovered there was problem with servers, no need to help now. Edit 2: If anyone says I can download it manually then I can't, because the game content isn't even creating so that's weird too lol. Edit 3: Problem is fixed!
SLX360! System LiNK Xbox 360 IMPORTANTE: Destinado exclusivamente a los que usan la modalidad de interconexión (System Link) en la consola Xbox360. Si no cumple esos requisitos, esto no le servirá para nada actualmente. También decir que es reservado para la comunidad hispanohablante, tanto española como latina. Buenas a todos! El caso es que Actualmente, que yo sepa, no existe ninguna plataforma estable y actualizada (recalco actualizada) en la que los usuarios de System Link puedan darse a conocer y concretar partidas, campeonatos, y lo que surja. La idea no es distinta que las ya planteadas en algunos foros (o en este mismo), pero un poco más tomada en serio por asà decirlo. Concretamente trata de crear una base de datos, disponible para todos, en la que podamos acceder y ver de manera rápida quienes juegan a nuestra hora, su paÃs, juego preferido, etc. Mayormente lo que se pretende es crear una comunidad amplia de estos usuarios donde sepamos acabemos sabiendo horarios, dÃas, juegos, y demás variables que nos faciliten el conocer personas afines a nosotros. Ha sido denominada esta Comunidad como Slx360 (System Link Xbox360) y para llevarse a cabo, se ha pensado lo que podrÃa ser la mejor opción es la de crear un foro exclusivo para ello (http://slx360.foroactivo.com) en el que mediante el registro (necesario para ver todo el contenido) puedas postear en distintos juegos y a su vez ver quienes lo hacen, asà detectar personas para luego buscar su franja horaria y bueno, eso ya que cada uno lo use como quiera Para la comunicación de la Comunidad Slx360 se ha creÃdo oportuno también: - Crear un Twitter: @Slx360 (http://twitter.com/slx360) - Apertura de una página de Facebook (http://www.facebook.com/systemlink360) - Elaborar un Formulario mediante Google Drive para la base de datos púbica o agenda. - Creación de la aplicación Slx360 para Android, pudiéndose descargarse desde el dispositivo mediante el siguiente enlace: https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/55572629/slx360.apk (Nota: ha de habilitarse la opción "fuentes desconocidas†en el dispositivo para su correcta instalación, de cualquier modo te lo pregunta al instalarse) Sobre la aplicación. Antes de descargarla pueden verla online en vuestro navegador e interactuar con ella desde el siguiente enlace: http://h.fanapp.mobi/slx360 Importante: para poder rellenar la inscripción es necesaria una cuenta de Google (con tener Gmail es suficiente). ¿Por qué?, porque Google Drive permite, como ya se ha mencionado anteriormente, la creación de un formulario. Pero lo realmente interesante de este formulario es que las respuestas se almacenan en otro documento Drive. De ese modo, en el momento que un usuario ingresa, en el icono de contactos automáticamente se añadirá este usuario a la base de datos, y como comprenderán, tener ese proceso automatizado es muy ventajoso ya que nuestra base de datos, la de todos, irÃa creciendo automáticamente. Por supuesto todo esto se ve completado con el foro, que a falta de un chat estable que funcione bien (se ha puesto uno estable pero… deja que desear), nos apañaremos por los post de foro y el chat interno del mismo (situada en la parte baja del Ãndice del foro Slx360) Ni que decir tiene que soy más nuevo en esto que la mayorÃa de los que lo estáis leyendo, y que mi conocimiento en la materia es Ãnfimo. Las ganas de poder jugar con gente al Blur (XDD) es lo que me ha llevado a aprender y conocer todo lo que os he ido comentando. La verdad que aunque no se lleve a cabo me he llevado una grata experiencia con todo ese aprendizaje (en plenos exámenes… jajajaj), y bueno, ni que decir tiene que espero que pueda llegar al máximo número de personas posibles. Naturalmente, todo lo explicado está actualmente operativo. Un saludo y gracias por su tiempo. Alfonso Pérez. Nick Xbox: fonzito_____/_____Gametag JQE360/XboxUnity: ThaMaster
emulator some help with emulators on 360
killigeo posted a topic in Aurora supportHello everyone, So i have been playing games on my xbox 360 jtag/rgh for quite some time now. Yet there is one thing i never explored on my 360 and that's the possibility to have emulators on my 360 and play older games. I do know that aurora has a xbox emulator installed and i have tried that but i am looking for other emulators. i have seen some posts on realmodscene that were about packages full of emulators but as far as i saw there was no real toturial on what and how to install emulators. i also don't know any jargon surrounding emulators so understanding those posts were a bit difficult. i have seen Retroarch files wich i believe were sometimes used on the 360 but i've also seen Felida having a package of some sort. Some help with what and where to install the emulators would be appreciated. I also suppose the roms are just the regular roms that you can everywhere. Or does something have to be done to the roms before putting them on the 360? Or can i download just one emulator like a GBA emulator if i only need one. My goal with his is to play all of almost all castlevania games. In short: I am a noob that don't know anything about the emulators for 360 and i need a basic toturial. commenting a link to a toturial is also fine. Thanks in advance!!
[Script] Text Viewer
saywaking posted a topic in Utility ScriptsHi there, this simple Script is able to browse your Devices and open a supported Text-File, which you can read. Script: Icon: Name: Text Viewer Description: "Read a plain Text File" What it does: - Provides you a fully working Filebrowser with Menu-System - Opens a File, if it's a Textfile in a Gizmo Scene, so you can read it on your TV via console. ... Images: Why did i create this?: - For Fun, testing some skills, and finding out, if it's possible with scripting only. - I didn't want to wait for the Filebrowser to support Reading FIles. (There must be a Feature Request somewhere) - There are some little benefits ... What are the benefits?: - Read Text Files directly on your Console, these can be Changelogs or Readme Files of software, like Aurora or Emulators. - Also read Configuration Files - Check the Content of those Files directly on console, if it's correct. You don't need to transfer to USB or via FTP to your console. First look if you have to, so you can be sure, everything is alright. - Possible better Support through community. ("Take Screenshot of the log/ini file, if you don't know how to use FTP, then transfer it via WebGUI, like you always do") ... Is it final?: It's tested and stable. But wanted to do more later, like a "recent files" Menu or something like that. Also a larger Gizmo-Scene would be a benefit. Anyone who wants to contribute, can report Bugs, Suggest Features/Fixes or extend by using GitHub or this Thread. ... Where is the download?: You can download it directly to your console via Aurora Repo Browser.


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Janet Ilene Westfahl, 82
Janet Ilene Westfahl, 82, of Hopkins passed away Friday, July 26, 2019, at Railside Assisted Living in Byron Center with her friend, Hannah Hensel present.
Born Jan. 1, 1937, in Grand Rapids, Janet was the daughter of the late Clarence and Nellie (Schribner) Solomon and the wife of the late William Carl Westfahl Jr.
She was a member of St. Therese Catholic Church in Wayland and dedicated to her Lord. Janet had a kind and giving heart and she enjoyed taking care of her family, especially doting on her grandchildren and great-grandchildren.
She is survived by her children, Sharilyn Westfahl, Jeff McLochlin, Jesse McLochlin, Jancy McLochlin and Jerry McLochlin; her sisters, Judith Solomon Padilla, Jeanette Schwartz and Beverly Merrit; many grandchildren and several great-grandchildren; numerous nieces and nephews; and her special friends, Hannah Hensel, Mark Forbes and Tricia Forbes.
Along with her parents and her husband, she was preceded in death by her sons, James McLochlin and David Westfahl; her grandson, Michael Westfahl; her great-granddaughter, Mykayla Westfahl; her brother, Kenneth Solomon; and her sisters, Imogene Mooney and Mary Lou Schwartz.
Janet will be missed for her quick wit and sense of humor as well as her heart of gold. Her life was such a blessing to many of the people who remained in it. She was loved beyond words and she will be missed beyond measure. Heaven gained a beautiful angel.
Friends may meet with her family at Gorden Funeral Residence, Hopkins Chapel, on Thursday, Aug. 1, from 6 to 8 p.m., where the rosary will be recited at 7 p.m. Mass of Christian Burial will be held at St. Therese Catholic Church in Wayland on Friday, Aug. 2, at 11 a.m. Burial will take place at Lakeview Cemetery in Hopkins
Memorial donations may be made in Janet's name to St. Therese Catholic Church or Kindred Hospice.
Gorden Funeral Residence, Hopkins Chapel, is assisting the family with arrangements.


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A Dentist Offers 4 Tips for Caring for Your Teeth at Work
October 25, 2018
Good dental habits shouldn't just be something that you practice every morning and evening when you brush your teeth. Rather, you should make it your custom to do things every day that benefit your smile — even when you're at work. Here are a few tips from your dentist in Beaumont that will help you maintain a fresh and healthy mouth while you're on the clock.
Stay Away From the Vending Machines
Those vending machines in the breakroom are full of tasty goodies. Unfortunately, most of those items are terrible for your teeth. Do your best to stay away from soda, energy drinks, cookies, and chips when you need an afternoon pick-me-up.
One way to avoid harmful snacking is to pack your own food for the day. In addition to bringing your lunch, also take along an apple, some fresh veggies and dip, or other snacks that you can turn to when your energy starts to dwindle.
Be Cautious around Celebrations
Your employer or your coworkers may give away free candy, baked treats, and other yummy goodies when your office is celebrating something. It's all right to enjoy yourself on these occasions, but try not to munch on the offered food all throughout the day. Continual snacking exposes your teeth to acids for long periods of time, increasing your risk of tooth decay.
Keep Hygiene Supplies Handy
If that salad you brought for lunch was full of onions, or if you grabbed some flavorful (and garlicky) takeout, you may find that your breath is less than fresh. To be prepared for such situations, and to remove any food particles that might be clinging to your teeth, keep some oral hygiene supplies at your desk. Some floss, a toothbrush, and a small tube of toothpaste can help you keep a clean and confident grin.
If your mouth is feeling icky and you don't have a toothbrush handy, try chewing some sugarless gum. It will increase your saliva production, which will help to rinse out your mouth.
Drink Plenty of Water
When you're absorbed in your work, it might be easy to forget to drink enough water. Or, you might drink so much coffee that you become dehydrated. In either situation, your mouth may become dry, leading to an increased risk of cavities.
Invest in a reusable water bottle, and bring it with you to work each day. Take plenty of sips during your shift so you can stay hydrated and keep your mouth moist.
Your smile is an invaluable asset in your career and your personal life — you should do your best to take care of it! Use the above tips to protect your pearly whites while you're going through the 9-to-5 grind.
About the Author
Dr. Michael Olson is a skilled general dentist who has over 15 years of experience in his field. If you would like his personalized advice on how to protect your oral health while you're at work, he would love to share his knowledge with you. To schedule an appointment or to learn more about our practice, contact us at 409-860-9600.
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Art Deco Planters
This pair of stylish planters caught our eye on a recent trip to France. Their quirky but simple detail gives them an art deco look and the flaking paint provides an authentic look.
Filled with lavenders they would sit well on any terrace or patio.
French circa 1960
H:38cm W: 31cm D:31cm
A very important part of our service is to ensure your purchases are delivered to the location of your choice promptly, safely and securely, whether it is in the UK or further afield. We are very happy to offer advice on every aspect of your delivery including packing, insurance in transit and timescales. See our delivery page for more information.
Returns Policy
We offer a no question money back policy if goods are returned in the same condition they left us within 14 days of being delivered. Please see our terms and conditions for more information.


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Software Engineer – External Integrations at InVision
Title: Staff Software Engineer – External Integrations
Location: Remote
InVision is the digital product design platform used to make the world's best customer experiences. We provide design tools and educational resources for teams to navigate every stage of the product design process, from ideation to development. Today, more than 5 million people use InVision to create a repeatable and streamlined design workflow; rapidly design and prototype products before writing code, and collaborate across their entire organization. That includes 100% of the Fortune 100, and organizations like Airbnb, Amazon, HBO, Netflix, Slack, Starbucks and Uber, who are now able to design better products, faster.
Our team is in search of a Staff Software Engineer to help us change the way digital products are designed.
About the Team:
This small, diverse team focuses on solving customer problems through the design and development of innovative first-party integrations between InVision and external vendors. We focus on delivering a delightful, best-in-class user experience as we build solutions that enable our customers to seamlessly connect their InVision assets to the tools they use every day. We solve tough problems, creatively and collaboratively, with just about every other engineering team at InVision, resulting in quite a bit of interesting variety in our work. We work in scrum agile iterations on short-term delivery cycles, ship code just about every day, and push launches every few months. You can find a recent example of our work with Jira here.
What you'll do:
- Lead efforts in developing robust solutions to interesting problems that utilize TypeScript, React, and Golang microservices
- Collaborate closely with key stakeholders to help drive, and balance priorities
- Help drive technical initiatives by proactively visualizing and understanding the needs of the software
- Lead code reviews and guide software architecture decisions for your team
- Actively work to understand and implement initiatives to drive quality such as stability, performance, and clean code
- Influence technology decisions across InVision
- Mentor other engineers on the team and support their career development
What you'll bring:
- 7+ years of software development experience delivering solutions that are high quality, scalable, maintainable, and performant
- Extensive front end experience with JavaScript (Typescript) and React
- Experience with Golang is highly desirable
- Multiple years of experience mentoring and leading experienced engineers
- Experience leveraging 3rd party APIs to build integrations between disparate products
- Solid understanding of cross-process interactions (either app to app or app to distributed service)
- Ability to define and solve unconstrained problems and know when to seek help
- A knack for leading technical teams, building consensus and influencing technical decisions
- One or more degrees in computer science or a related field, and/or equivalent work experience
About InVision:
InVision offers an incredibly unique work environment. The company employs a diverse team all over the world. Each InVision team member is given the freedom and tools to do their best work from wherever they choose.
The benefits we offer in the United States and Canada include competitive health plans and retirement plans. Some InVision-wide benefits offered to all employees across the globe include a flexible vacation policy, monthly coffee shop stipends, annual allowances for books related to your profession, and home office setup & wellness reimbursements. InVision is an international employer so some benefit offerings will vary from country to country.
InVision is proud to be an equal opportunity workplace. We are committed to equal employment opportunity regardless of race, color, ancestry, religion, sex, national origin, sexual orientation, age, citizenship, marital status, disability, gender identity or Veteran status. If you have a disability or special need that requires accommodation, please let us know.
Sign up for Daily Remote Job Alerts!


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1998 Isuzu Amigo Tires
Get the right 1998 Isuzu Amigo tire size, price & brand
Visit your local Firestone Complete Auto Care for the best 1998 Isuzu Amigo tires professionally installed. Browse our wide catalog of 1998 Amigo tires and compare by tire price, size, type, and brand. Whether you want a tire that's built for speed, diverse terrain, or fuel-efficiency, you'll find the right tires for your vehicle and budget. Browse and shop online, then schedule your installation appointment with one of our ASE-certified technicians today! Your nearby Firestone Complete Auto Care is open late and on weekends to better fit your schedule.


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Memorial Benches
Memorial Benches
Nested Applications
Content - Res - Memorials - Benches
A commemorative plaque on a memorial bench provides an opportunity for individuals/families to remember a loved one, celebrate a birth or anniversary, or to honour other individual's personal and/or professional contributions to the community.
The City administers and supports the municipal memorial bench program. This program allows for private commemorations on memorial benches in public parks. Each memorial bench accommodates two separate commemorative plaques.
Frequently Asked Questions
What parks are Memorial Benches available in?
This policy permits commemorative plaques on memorial benches in all City parks where there are existing benches and on benches in new and redeveloped parks.
Can I request a specific waterfront park?
Many waterfront parks are at capacity for memorial bench opportunities at this time. You may wish to go in a waiting list for specific park.
What is the cost of a Memorial Bench?
The memorial bench commemoration fee is $922.35. This is the price for a single commemorative plaque on a memorial bench. Each memorial bench will permit up to two separate commemorations for different subjects.
An additional ten-year term may be purchased at the time of the initial purchase. The fee for this extended term would be an additional $614.96 or a total of $1,537.31.
What is the term of my commemoration?
The commemorative plaque on a memorial bench will be for a ten year term from the date of installation of the plaque. An additional ten year term can be purchased at the time of the initial purchase. The plaque will be returned to the purchaser at the expiry of the term if requested.
How long does it take for my application to be processed? Is there a waiting list?
Memorial bench program applications will be accepted and reviewed throughout the year. The approval process will depend largely on the volume of requests.
The waiting list is on a first come, first served, basis for each park.
Do I have to share my bench with another commemoration?
Yes, each bench has two commemorative plaque spaces.
Who do I contact if I think my family has commissioned a Memorial Bench in the past?
You contact customer service at 613-546-0000 and they will direct your question to the appropriate department.
Will current commemorations be renewed for a specific period of time?
Current commemorations are grandfathered for 40 years.


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- Mechanical Contractors
- Fabrication and Skid Manufacturers
- Ship Building and Maintenance
- Aerospace
Conscientious Customer Service –
Our Promise to you:
We provide personalized service with in-depth industry expertise.
· We will always give you the answers you need to hear, not just what you want to hear.
· We are interested in you and your company's success and will work with you towards meeting your project goals.
· We will work hard to earn your trust and your business, building long-lasting, win-win relationships.
· We will help to identify your needs and address concerns and questions at all stages of the order process.
Additional Services – (If you don't see what you're looking for, just ask.):
· Documentation
· Expediting
· Inventory Management Program
· Packaging/Tagging/Marking
· Pipe Cutting
· Pipe Grooving
· Pipe Threading
· Polypropylene Skid Fabrication
· Polypropylene/Aquatherm Fusion Training & Certification
· Premium Consultative Quoting System
· Product Application Consultations – Onsite and Offsite
· Product-Learning Seminars
· Warranty Assistance (if needed)
Connect with us:


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Basic Salary Scale: Kshs. 54,626 – Kshs. 78,661 p.m.
Terms of Service: Permanent and Pensionable
Leave Allowance: Kshs. 6,000 p.a.
Medical Insurance Cover: As covered by the Medical Insurance Cover for ODPP staff
Group Life Insurance Cover: As covered by Group Life Insurance for ODPP staff
Car loan: Up to Kshs. 1.5 Million
Mortgage Scheme: Up to Kshs. 10 Million
Basic Salary Scale: Kshs. 54,626 – Kshs. 78,661 p.m.
Terms of Service: Permanent and Pensionable
House Allowance: Kshs. 35,000 (Nairobi), Kshs. 25,500 (Mombasa, Kisumu, Nakuru, Nyeri, Eldoret, Thika, Kisii, Kitale, Malindi), Kshs. 18,000 (Other Former Municipalities), Kshs 15,400(0ther Areas)
Commuter Allowance: Kshs. 8,000 p.m
Commuter Allowance: Kshs. 8,000 p.m
Leave Allowance: Kshs. 6,000 p.a.
Medical Insurance Cover: As covered by the Medical Insurance Cover for ODPP staff
Group Life Insurance Cover: As covered by Group Life Insurance for ODPP staff
Car loan: Up to Kshs. 1.5 Million
Mortgage Scheme: Up to Kshs. 10 Million
· Served in the grade of Senior Accountant I Job Group 'N' or in a comparable and relevant position for a minimum of two (2) years in the Public Service or Private Sector;
· Bachelor's degree in Commerce (Finance or Accounts Option), Business Administration (Accounts Option) or any other equivalent qualifications from a recognized institution;
· Passed Part III of Certified Public Accountants (CPA) Examination or its recognized equivalent qualifications from a recognized institution;
· Registered with the Institute of Certified Public Accountants of Kenya (ICPAK) Demonstrated merit and ability as reflected in work performance and results.
Possession of a Senior Management Course lasting not less than four (4) weeks from recognized institution will be an added advantage.
Core Skills/Competencies
· Knowledge of relevant professional standards including Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) and
· International Accounting Standards (1AS);
· Knowledge of budget process;
· ICT skills;
· Accuracy skills;
· Leadership skills;
· Communication and interpersonal skills;
· Organizational skills;
· Negotiation skills;
· Problem solving skills;
· Supervisory skills.
· Resource management skills; and
· Records management skills.
Personal Qualities
· Honesty and integrity;
· Creativity and innovativeness;
· Ability to work under pressure;
· Ability to build and lead cohesive teams;
· Ability to get on well with the diverse workforce; and
· Results oriented.
An officer at this level will be responsible to the Chief Accountant for the assigned accounts function.
· Coordinating the implementation of the divisional strategy, to ensure division services support enhanced quality of the public prosecution services;
· Coordinating the preparation of annual individual and division work plan for the division to ensure delivery of service that is aligned with the divisional and organisational strategy;
· Implementing of accounting policies, guidelines, procedures and standards and evaluating of their effectiveness to inform review;
· Participating in the preparation and implementation of the divisional budget to ensure sufficient allocation of resources for the division strategy;
· Authorising payment vouchers to ensure timely payments to suppliers, and to ensure payments are done in line with the ODPP policies and procedures;
· Monitoring the ODPP liquidity to ensure availability of funds critical for the delivery of service;
· Coordinating the payment of user department vouchers in line with the ODPP procedures to ensure the payments are legitimate and that there are sufficient resources that can cover the payments;
· Checking daily cash balance to ensure the maintenance of approved limits that support business operations, and that limit wastage of resources;
· Verifying the expenditure authenticity to ensure integrity in the utilization of the ODPP resources;
· Ensuring implementation of financial regulations and procedures, Treasury letters and instructions;
· Participating in preparation of management financial reports which includes; monthly expenditure returns, bank reconciliation statements and cash flow statements;
· Monitoring compliance with accounting policies, procedures and standards to minimize exposure to risks associated with non-compliance;
· Providing technical support to the user departments to ensure the departments are adequately supported in the implementation of departmental strategies;
· Preparing of quarterly and annual divisional reports shared with management for informed decision making to enhance organizational performance;
· Ensuring compliance with principles and values of good governance, transparency, accountability, ethics and integrity to ensure the ability of division to deliver quality accounting services;
· Participating in the budget planning, preparation and implementation;
· Controlling recurrent, development and donor funded budgets;
· Coordinating preparation of divisional procurement plan to ensure effective facilitation of staff to meet individual targets and achieve organizational;
· Preparing financial statements in accordance with government guidelines;
· Participating in relevant committees to support the implementation of the ODPP mandate;
· Supervising, Coaching and mentoring staff under him/her to ensure high motivation and performance, and staff development in line with the needs of ODPP;
Two (2) Posts
Basic Salary Scale: Kshs.12,527 – Kshs. 16,727 p.m.
Terms of Service: Permanent and Pensionable
Basic Salary Scale: Kshs.12,527 – Kshs. 16,727 p.m.
Terms of Service: Permanent and Pensionable
House Allowance: Kshs. 4,500 (Nairobi), Kshs. 3,730 (Mombasa, Kisumu, Nakuru, Nyeri, Eldoret, Thika, Kisii, Kitale, Malindi), Kshs. 3,000 (Other Former Municipalities), Kshs. 2,700 (Other Areas)
Commuter Allowance: Kshs. 3,000 p.m
Leave Allowance: Kshs. 4,000 p.a.
Medical Insurance Cover: As covered by the Medical Insurance Cover for ODPP staff
Group Life Insurance Cover: As covered by Group Life Insurance for ODPP staff
Car loan: Up to Ksh. 600,000
Mortgage Scheme: Up to Ksh. 4 Million
Commuter Allowance: Kshs. 3,000 p.m
Leave Allowance: Kshs. 4,000 p.a.
Medical Insurance Cover: As covered by the Medical Insurance Cover for ODPP staff
Group Life Insurance Cover: As covered by Group Life Insurance for ODPP staff
Car loan: Up to Ksh. 600,000
Mortgage Scheme: Up to Ksh. 4 Million
· Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education mean grade D plain or its equivalent qualification from a recognized institution
· A valid driving license free from any current endorsement (s) for class (es) of vehicle(s) an officer is required to drive;
· Attended a First-Aid Certificate Course lasting not less than one (1) week at St. John Ambulance or Kenya Institute of Highways and Building Technology (KIHBT), or any other recognized institution;
· Passed Suitability Test for Driver Grade III
· Passed Practical Test for Drivers conducted by the ODPP;
· An annual certificate of eye examination;
· A valid Certificate of Good Conduct from the Kenya Police; and (viii) At least two (2) years driving experience
Core Skills/Competencies
· Interpersonal skills;
· Communication skills
· Organizational skills; and
· Problem solving skills.
Personal Qualities
· Honesty and integrity;
· Ability to work well with diverse workforce;
· Ability to work under pressure;
· Ability to care for resources;
· Ability to work well with teams;
· Respectful; and
· Ability to take instructions.
An officer at this level may be deployed to any of the Departments at the Headquarters or County Offices.
· Transporting authorized staff to designated locations in a safe and timely manner, to support the ODPP staff in the performance of work;
· Monitoring the cleanliness and routine maintenance of the institution's vehicles assigned, to enhance the image of the institution, and to make the vehicles user friendly;
· Reporting the accidents and incidents to the Supervisor, to ensure appropriate strategies are developed to minimize on the accidents and incidents, and on the associated costs;
· Recording distances travelled throughout the month and fuel costs incurred for proper record keeping, and to assist in the management of transport costs;
· Collecting daily schedules from the supervisor and reporting back on unforeseen changes in the set schedule, to assist in the delivery of transport services against set timelines and quality standards; and
· Managing work tickets for self and for other drivers, to assist the supervisor in the allocation of work to the drivers, to enhance efficiency in the management of fuel costs, and to monitor the performance of the drivers against set targets and quality standards.
How to Apply
Interested and qualified candidates are invited to make their applications by completing ONE application form ODPP 1. The form may be downloaded from the ODPP's Website www.odpp.go.ke or picked from Nairobi Headquarters and County Offices.
The candidates should attach COPIES of the following documents to their application form:
· National Identity Card
· Academic and Professional Certificates and Transcripts
· Any supporting documents and testimonials
· Letter of appointment to their current substantive post
· Letter of appointment to their previous post
· Detailed Curriculum Vitae and
· Clearance certificate from the following bodies:-
1. Law Society of Kenya for Lawyers ii. Higher Education Loans Board
2. Kenya Revenue Authority
3. Criminal Investigation Department
4. Ethics and Anti-Corruption Commission
5. Any other Professional bodies to which the candidate is a member
Only shortlisted candidates will be contacted.
Successful candidates for posts of Prosecution Counsel can be deployed to any of the ODPP offices on the forty seven counties and sub-counties with court stations.
Shortlisted candidates shall be required to produce ORIGINALS of their National Identity Card, academic and professional certificates, original transcripts and testimonials, letters of appointment to their current substantive posts and previous post, detailed curriculum vitae and clearance certificates during the interviews.
Completed application forms should be sent to:
The Secretary
Advisory Board
Office of the Director of Public Prosecutions
NSSF Building 19th Floor, Block 'A'
P.O. Box 30701 – 00100
So as to reach the Office of the Director of Public Prosecutions on or before Tuesday, 2nd April, 2019.
Candidates who had previously applied are not required to re-apply for the posts.
Persons with disability and those from marginalized communities are encouraged to apply.


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Okay, some people have asked me about posting the message I gave at a church earlier this month. Unfortunately, I did not think to record it, so I just decided I would post a written version. Now, this written message is a little different from the one I gave verbally as I am not under a time constraint here and the Holy Spirit changed a few things during the message. In addition, I went to the Beth Moore Simulcast over the weekend and some things she said has prompted me to clarify some points. Those clarifications will be in bold print.
The title of my message was "Stop Resting on Your Grace and Start Walking in Obedience." Any one of you who was fortunate enough to hear Beth Moore this weekend will probably have their guard go up in reference to my title, but please bear with me for a moment.
Beth Moore is one of my favorite Christian speakers and writers. I love her to pieces. So, this weekend when I realized what she was going to be speaking about, my heart sank. [For those of you who don't know, Beth Moore held a simulcast over the weekend where and the title of her message was No Longer, which was about no longer living under the Law but living under Grace.] You see, I was confident of what God spoke into my heart. I truly believed my message was correct and I was speaking truth. I still do. I am not trying to take anything away from Beth or saying I am more knowledgeable than this clearly educated and anointed person of God. I believe we are saying a lot of the same things, just differently. Once again, bear with me.
Grace is without a doubt one of the most important concepts of the Bible. You will get no arguments from me on that one. However, I tend to get a little frustrated when I hear sermon after sermon on grace. Why? Well, because it seems that we are just so quick to tickle everyone ears to keep them happy. We don't want to tell them anything that will make them uncomfortable for fear they won't come back. Oh, how we love a happy, easy-going sermons on grace, right? You ever ask yourself why? I know for myself I used to love those types of sermons because they were easy to digest and didn't really require much on my end. I could walk away feeling really good about myself . The problem with that was I spent too many years as an ineffective Christian. I was not equipped to deal with everyday life. When storms or struggles came along, I did not know how to whether the storm without getting angry with the Lord. I had no knowledge of scriptures because I was living under grace and did not have to read my bible as I did when I lived under the law. I did not have to do anything. God loved me as I was.
Yep, we are in for one bumpy ride, but hang on, I promise it will all come together.
As you may be able to tell, the discussion of grace, obedience, works, and such is a hot topic for me. I don't understand why there is such a chasm between grace and obedience. It is like we have become two teams. Team Obedience and Team Grace. You will notice that I didn't use Team Law, because it is my belief that obedience and the Law are not exactly the same thing, which we will get to here in a bit. Team Obedience Christians are often thought of as overtly religious, holly rollers, Pharisees. On the other extreme, Team Grace Christians can be seen as too modern, sell outs, lazy and uncommitted. As we all know, the truth is often in between. It is my belief than grace and obedience work together; furthermore, grace is the catalyst to obedience. I know that may not sit well with some, and once again I am asking for you all to bare with me for a time. I promise to back up my mouth as we continue on tomorrow.
It is not at all as harsh as it seems here. The point of my original message (and this one too) was not to point on which "team" is right, but to show how grace and obedience help us become the men and women we were created to be.
Until tomorrow, stay safe and God bless,


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Solenial tubes
Retractor septal muscle
Solenial tubes
Retractor septal muscle
J Gastrodermis
lines the inside of the tentacles, pharynx, mesenteries, gastrovascular cavity and extends through the colony via the gastrodermal tubes. The gastrodermal cells are where zooxanthellae are located. Between these two layers lies the mesogloea consisting of a gelatinous matrix and this is where the sclerites (= spicules) occur. Within the polyps it forms a very thin layer, but forms the majority of coenenchyme of the colony outside of the polyp (fig. 1-2). Within the mesogloea exist the gastrovascular tubes of the polyps and a network of gastrodermis-lined tubes that connect the gastrovascular tubes of the various polyps, called gastrodermal tubes or solenia. Special cells called amoeboid cells are also found in the mesogloea. Some of them become sclerob-lasts responsible for the manufacturing sclerites; others are responsible for depositing gorgonin in gorgonians (Hyman, 1940).
Within the polyp itself, eight longitudinal partitions called septa (= mesenteries), extend from the body wall. In the upper portion of the polyp they extend completely across, and are joined to the oral disc and pharynx, forming eight separate compartments, each of which continues into a tentacle (Hyman, 1940). Below the level of the pharynx the inner edges of each septa are free. Along these free edges occur thickened, sinuous filaments (mesenterial filaments). The two septa directly across from the siplionoglyph (asulcal septa) bear very long filaments with lots of flagella, presumably to create upward currents. These two septa extend the furthest into the polyp. The other six septa and their filaments are shorter, contain digestive cells and do not extend as far; not all genera have these other six septa e.g. the family Xeniidae (Hyman, 1940).
The portion of the polyp that extends above the colony is know as the anthocodium. In the suborder Stolon if era, the lower portion of the anthocodium is thickened and may lie heavily spiculated, forming an anthostele or calyx. The upper, soft portion can then be withdrawn into this structure. In most other octocorals the anthocodium can be completely withdrawn into the coenenchyme leaving only a small hole behind. Some genera, however, cannot retract their polyps (e.g. Anthelia, Heteroxenia, Xenia). In sea pens, there is one main axial polyp (primary polyp) that runs the length of the stem and all other polyps (secondary polyps) extend from it (Hyman, 1940). In gorgonians, which have a shallow layer of coenenchyme due to the axial skeleton, the polyps tend to be short.
In many octocoral genera the polyp extends well below the surface of the colony and all or some, can reach all the way to the base of the colony. This brings up an interesting possibility. By extending so
Figure 1.3
A Clavularia polyp showing the anthocodium and anthostele
After Hyman, 1940
Anthocodium c^Sclerite (enlarged)
Expanded Polyp
Expanded Polyp
c^Sclerite (enlarged)
Constricted Polyp
Constricted Polyp
The pinnules are clearly evident on the tentacles of Clavularia spp. J. Sprung
The tentacles of "Green Star Polyp" Pachyclavularia (Briareum) spp. often have reduced pinnules. J. Yaiullo and F, Greco
These are the polyps of the common sea fan, Gorgonla ventalina. J. Yaiullo and F. Greco
The commonly imported "Clove Polyp" is an unidentified stoloniferan, possibly Acrossota sp. (see chapter seven). It has very distinctive polyps with fused pinnules. J. C. Delbeek
The polyps in this distinctive unidentified stoloniferan from Bali, Indonesia are completely devoid of pinnules. J. Sprung
The elongate polyps of Sarco-phytonspp. really seem to be like fibre-optic cables capable of piping light to the zooxanthellae contained in the interior. J. C. Delbeek
deeply into the body of a colony, these elongated tubular polyps may create a "fibre-optic" effect where they may actually "pipe" light into the deeper layers of the colony, especially in Sarcopbyton and Xenia species that have highly elongate polyps.
As mentioned above, the gastrovascular tube of each polyp in a colony is connected by a series of gastrodermal tubules called solenia. In forms whose polyps arise from an encrusting sheet or stolon (e.g. Antbelia, Pacbyclavularia, Clavularia, Briareum, Erythropodium, etc.), the solenia are limited to the base only. In most fleshy octocorals that grow above the substratum (e.g. Sarco phyton, Lobophytum, Xenia, etc.) however, the solenia extend throughout the colony often enclosing the bases of the gastrovas
Closeup photo of Sarcophyton showing autozooids and siphono-zooids. in the top photo the autozooids are almost fully retracted, in the bottom photo they are fully retracted. J. Yaiullo and F. Greco
cular tubes of the polyps (Hyman, 1940). The function of solenia is not clear. New polyps arise when solenia approach the epidermis. They form a small chamber just below the epidermis. A small swelling appears on the upper surface and this then develops tentacles becoming the anthocodium (this can clearly be seen on the stalks of AIcyonium species, aka "Colt Coral" from Indonesia). The epidermis then invaginates into the chamber below forming a mouth and pharynx. Solenia may also act to distribute food and nutrients through the colony; they may allow zooxanthellae to move around the colony and infect newly developed polyps (a function reminiscent of the zooxanthellal tubule system in tridacnid clams, see volume one); or they may be involved in maintaining hydrostatic pressures in more gelatinous genera such as Dendronepbtbya or Nephtbea.
Heteroxenia sp. exhibiting polyp dimorphism characteristic of the genus. The tentacle-bearing auto-zooids are large and run off the photograph. The siphonozooids are apparent on the capitulum in between the bases of the auto-zooids. J. Sprung
This fantastic red soft coral thriving in a behind-the-scenes display at the Monterey Bay Aquarium was collected in very deep water, It clearly shows autozooids and siphonozooids. To give an idea of scale, the autozooid polyps are 2.5 cm (1 in.) in diameter! J. Sprung
In some octocorals there are two distinctly different types of polyps present; these corals are said to have dimorphic polyps. Sarcophyton, Lobopbytum, Heteroxenia and sea pens are all dimorphic. However, Heteroxenia (the Latin name refers to the fact there are two different types of polyps) is only dimorphic beyond a certain size (see top of next page).
Autozooids are what one would normally consider polyps. Their structure is just as we described above but they may have reduced or absent siphonoglyphs. They are primarily used for feeding, respiration, light gathering and perhaps light "piping" to lower regions of the colony. They also bear the ovaries and testes.
Siphonozooids are reduced in size and either lack or have very rudimentary tentacles. They also have greatly reduced mesenteries
(usually only the two asulcal ones remain) and very well-developed siphonoglyphs. The siphonozooids do not feed and serve primarily to drive a strong water current through the coral. The fact that all branched, lobed and arborescent (tree-like) alcy-onaceans are monomorphic, whereas most of the large massive forms are dimorphic, suggests that dimorphism arose out of a need to transport water more efficiently through large colonies (Bayer, 1973). In support of this idea a colony of Heteroxenia fuscescens does not develop siphonozooids until the colony has reached a certain diameter; their numbers then increasing as the colony gets larger (Achituv and Benayahu, 1990). In some genera (e.g. Corallium and Paragorgid) the siphonozooids bear the gonads instead of the autozooids (Hyman, 1940).
There is a wide range of colony organization in octocorals. Ranging from very simple monomorphic polyps joined together by stolonic growths, to massive forms with polyps embedded in thick coenenchyme, to advanced forms with polymorphic, highly specialized polyps. We will not go into all the different colony growth forms in this section, but will merely point out the most commonly seen types in the marine aquarium trade.
Order Helioporacea (=Coenothecalia)
There is only one species within the family Helioporidae, Helio-pora coerulea and it is generally considered to be a relict. Although it is clearly an octocoral in anatomy, its skeleton is massive like a stony coral, and its colonial organization and growth form is similar too (Bayer, 1973)- Its skeleton is composed of crystalline fibers of aragonite fused into layers (Hyman, 1940). There are two cylinders within the skeleton, one larger than the other but both blind ended. The larger one houses the polyp while the smaller ones are the solenia, connecting the polyps together. There is a thin coenenchyme on the surface that is filled with a network of solenia (fig. 1-4). As the colony grows, a transverse plate forms which effectively cuts off the upper living layer. Thus only the outer thin layer is living tissue. Growth forms are usually lobes but can also be flattened vertical plates similar to Fire Coral, or thick stubby branches reminiscent of Porites. When the tissue is removed, or when a break occurs in the skeleton the underlying blue colour of the skeleton is revealed. This colour is thought to be caused by the infusion of iron salts into the
Figure 1.4
Cross-sectional view of the surface of a blue coral, showing a polyp, the coenenchyme and the network of solenia Modified from Hyman, 1940
skeleton. Heliopora is one of the few soft corals that can contribute to reel building, sometimes forming extensive reefs e.g. in areas off the southern coast of Okinawa, Japan.
Stoloniferans exhibit the simplest colony organization. Within this suborder there are also a variety of growth forms. There is no coenenchymal mass, but the polyps arise asexually from a creeping base, which may consist of separate stolons or a more or less continuous thin crust or mat (Hyman, 1940). The polyps are all interconnected by gastrodermal tubes running through the stolons or mats. The simplest growth form is found in Clavularia spp. (Waving Hand polyp). All the polyps are of a single type and
Creeping stolon of Clavularia, J. C. Delbeek arise singly from creeping stolons that emerge from the base of each polyp. The upper part of the polyp, the anthocodium, is thin-walled while the lower part, the anthostele, is hardened. The anthocodium can be retracted into the anthostele. A similar growth form can be found in the Xeniiclae genus Anthelia, but there is no anthostele and the polyps cannot be retracted (see chapter seven). Pachyclavularia spp. (Star polyp) spread by a creeping mat, with polyps arising from it. There can also be connections between the polyps at various levels, not just at the base (Bayer, 1973). Anthosteles are present, and the polyps can be fully retracted, giving the mat a bumpy appearance when the polyps are completely retracted.
The genus Tubipora is unique in its growth form. The polyps arise from a basal plate and are enclosed by skeletal tubes of fused spicules, bright red in colour. These tubes are themselves interconnected by lateral stolons that become fused, forming platforms, and from which new polyps can arise. As the tubes increase in length the lower portions are sealed off, so the polyp only exists in the portion of the tube above the preceding platform.
Another growth form is exemplified by the azooxanthellate genera Carijoa (=Telesto) and Coelogorgia, which has zooxan-thellae. In these genera, a single, very elongated polyp arises as a branch or stem, from a creeping base. Within this polyp lies an extensive network of solenia from wliich other lateral polyps arise. In Carijoa, lateral polyps arise along the length of a single stem. In Coelogorgia, the lateral polyps produce more polyps along their length, and these polyps produce polyps of their own, eventually resulting in large, tree-like growths.
Within the Alcyoniina we find the greatest variety in colonial organization and shape. Alcyoniina are characterized by the presence of an extensive coenenchyme. This is formed mainly by mesogloea containing calcareous spicules. The coenenchyme is filled with tubules (solenia) that connect all of the polyps together. The anthocodium of each polyp extends above the coenenchyme ancl may appear to be separate, but within the coral, they are all interconnected by the solenia. Newr polyps arise as outgrowths of the solenia. Therefore the oldest polyps tend to be the longest, often extending all the way to the base of the colony, while the younger polyps do not. All the members of this suborder conform to this basic organization whether they are massive forms such as
Sarcophyton and Lobophytum, with lobes and folds or more arborescent forms such as Nepbtbea or Litophyton. Even in the later form, the trunks are composed primarily of bundles of older polyps whose anthocodium emerge at the tips of the branches at various levels in the colony (Bayer, 1973).
Polyps within this suborder show a wide variety of size and shape. Some can be greatly elongated while others barely extend beyond the epidermis. Some have very small spicules while other the polyps in another genera can be heavily spiculated to the point where the spicules stick out around the polyp, offering protection and support in strong currents (see Nutrition). In some genera the polyps can be completely retracted, in some they can only be partially contracted into their protective spicule sheaths while in others then are non-retractile. Finally, it is within this suborder that dimorphic polyps first appear (see above, Auto-zoo ids and Siphonozooids). Many of the larger more massive species are dimorphic while most of the arborescent species are not. However, this is not a fast rule. Within the family Xeniidae, there are some forms that are dimorphic and some that are not. Heteroxenia spp. are dimorphic but may only be so during breeding season (Gosliner et al., 1996).
There are two main growth forms in the Alcyoniina: massive fleshy colonies and arborescent colonies with a thin coenenchyme. More massive colonies have a thick coenenchyme, heavily embedded with spicules. Colonies generally consist of a stalk topped by a rounded, mushroom-like cap that bears the polyps called the capitulum. The stalk can be elongated or short while the capitulum can be smooth and rounded (e.g. some Cladiella, Heteroxenia, Xenia), thrown into folds (e.g. Sarcophyton) or can have numerous polyp bearing lobes projecting from it (e.g. some forms of Cladiella, Lobophytum, and some forms of Sinularia). Arborescent forms fall into two groups. The Nephtheidae reach a large size but the trunk has very little coenenchyme. Instead these corals rely on abundant and spacious gastrovascular canals within their trunks to maintain their shape via hydrostatic pressure. As a result, members of the Nephtheidae can collapse and shrink to a small size when their gastrovascular canals expel water (Bayer, 1973)- The arrangement of the larger branches and the polyps on the branches are used to subdivide this family. The second group is typified by the Siphonogorgia. They have narrower, more rigid main trunks, and the branches are subdivided to a much greater extent. These soft corals look a lot
Table 1.2
Growth forms of massive and arborescent soft corals
After Bayer et al., 1983
like gorgonians at first glance but lack the internal axial skeleton of gorgonians. Various terms are used to describe the colony morphologies of massive and arborescent forms (see table 1.2).
Term_Description_Examples bushy colonies with abundant Plexaurella branches arising Stereonephthya immediately above the holdtast and not forming an obvious main stem capitate unbranched colonies with a broad distal part (capitulum) on a distinctly narrower stalk
Heteroxenia Xenia dichotomously branching branched colonies in which the branching Dattern is a repeat Difurcation
Plexaurella digitate colonies consisting Alcyonium of several, finger-li
<e Sinularia lobes _Lobophytum digitiform unbranched, Paralemnalia finger-like colonies divaricate arborescent colonies Dendronephthya
(colonial) that are profusely branched, with long slender branches bearing distinctly separated and diverging bundles of polyps encrusting thick fleshy layer Erythropodium covering the substrate Lobophytum
Sinularia glomerate (colonial) arborescent colonies Dendronephthya that are sparsely branched, with numerous bundles of polyps crowded to form roundish bunches lateral branching gorgonian colonies, Plexaura planar or nearly so, in which the branching originates irregularly, neither pinnate nor dichotomous lobate colonies consisting of Cladiella several stout lobes Sinularia pinnate branched colonies in Pseudopterogorgia which the branching pattern is feather-like, with the branches in one plane
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The word aquarium originates from the ancient Latin language, aqua meaning water and the suffix rium meaning place or building. Aquariums are beautiful and look good anywhere! Home aquariums are becoming more and more popular, it is a hobby that many people are flocking too and fish shops are on the rise. Fish are generally easy to keep although do they need quite a bit of attention. Puppies and kittens were the typical pet but now fish are becoming more and more frequent in house holds. In recent years fish shops have noticed a great increase in the rise of people wanting to purchase aquariums and fish, the boom has been great for local shops as the fish industry hasnt been such a great industry before now.
How fast do blue clove polyps grow?