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Archive for December 2018
4th ChillinCompetition Conference (Robert O'Donoghue – "Coming To Our Senses: Object And Verticals")
Robert O'Donoghue's discussed the notion of restriction by object in relation to vertical agreements at the 4th Chillin' conference (a matter that we discussed on the blog here and here during 2018).
The video of his superb presentation is available here, and the slide deck he used, here.
[Note: this is the fourth post in a series featuring videos of the individual interventions that took place at the Chillin'Competition conference on 30 November 2018. For more videos, click here]
4th ChillinCompetition Conference (Johan Ysewyn "What is a cartel? A Conceptual Waterloo")
Johan Ysewyn's spectacular intervention at the 4th Chillin'Competition conference featuring provoking ideas, ABBA songs and his own singing (no kidding) is available here.
[Note: this is the third post in a series featuring videos of the individual interventions that took place at the Chillin'Competition conference on 30 November 2018. For more videos, click here]
4th ChillinCompetition Conference (The Videos: Commissioner Vestager "Strenght in Diversity")
Commissioner Vestager's intervention (3rd in a row, as she explains at the outset, and for which we are very grateful) is available here.
[Note: this is the third post in a series featuring videos of the individual interventions that took place at the Chillin'Competition conference on 30 November 2018. For more videos, click here]
My Chillin' talk ('What is an anticompetitive effect?') and more
The video of my
Ted@Chillin' Talk on 'What is an anticompetitive effect?' is available here. And the slides are available here. Our readers know that this is a question that keeps me busy. It is also a topical one. You may remember that I wrote a post about the MEO case earlier this year.
In MEO, the Court clarified that not every competitive disadvantage amounts to an anticompetitive effect under Article 102 TFEU. In my view, it is the single most important development in EU competition law this year.
Speaking of which: I am truly honoured to have taken part in Rupprecht Podszun's famous Advent Calendar, where I make that very point and discuss at length MEO and its implications (see here).
If you prefer to read rather than listen to my presentation, here is the (approximate) transcript of my Chillin' talk:
What is an anticompetitive effect?
We have been hearing about the effects-based approach for over 15 years now. The effects-based approach is embraced in papers issued by the Commission, in papers issued for the Commission, in papers issued by Commission officials and is discussed many conferences and publications.
Since we have been talking about effects for all these years, you would be forgiven to assume that we know what we mean by effect, or at least that there is a consensus about what we should be looking for when we evaluate the impact of a practice on competition.
No matter how surprising this may sound, the truth is that this is a question we do not ask ourselves, and about which there is not unequivocal guidance in the case law and administrative practice. We need to dig very deep to find insights.
One can think of some reasons this may be so. But I will betray the supposed topic of the conference and will not make the 'why, though' the focus of my talk.
I will just mention that, if we do not discuss this question, this is not because the answer is an obvious one, or one that does not need to be discussed.
An effect can be anything from a competitive disadvantage to a consumer welfare loss – with some options in between.
The consequences of the choice we make in this sense are very significant in practice.
If we say that any competitive disadvantage amounts to an anticompetitive effect, then pretty much every practice can be safely assumed to have a negative impact on competition.
Just think about it: potentially anticompetitive practices inflict, by definition, a competitive disadvantage on rivals. That is the reason we look into them in the first place.
If we were to decide that any competitive disadvantage is an anticompetitive effect, then there would be no meaningful difference between restrictions by object and by effect.
The threshold would be so low that the line between object and effect would be blurred.
The veterans among you will remember the days of Regulation 17, where agreements were deemed restrictive of competition by object or effect. It did not matter whether one was chosen over the other, because pretty much every agreement was prohibited anyway.
If this were still the meaning we attached to the notion, the effects-based approach would have achieved exactly nothing.
The good news for those who believe in a meaningful analysis of effects is that this approach has been unequivocally rejected by the Court of Justice.
The MEO judgment, which was delivered earlier this year, is particularly eloquent in this regard. A difference in price, the Court told us in that judgment, is not sufficient to trigger the application of Article 102 TFEU.
One could also argue that anything that makes competitors' life more difficult amounts to an anticompetitive effect.
Again, if every practice that makes competitors' life more difficult amounted to an anticompetitive effect, then the threshold would be very easy to meet in practice. After all, we pay attention to some practices precisely because they make competitors' life more difficult.
Exclusivity obligations, tying and margin squeeze are examples that come to mind immediately.
So again, is it sufficient to show that a practice makes competitors' life more difficult to trigger EU competition law?
There is a critical mass of case law already showing that an anticompetitive effect is something more than that.
It makes sense that I pause for a second and discuss three cases that illustrate this idea well.
The first one is Deutsche Telekom.
The Commission had found evidence that the rivals of the incumbent had been squeezed.
Surely a margin squeeze is sufficient to trigger Article 102 TFEU? What else do you need other than showing that competitors are being forced to sell at a loss?
That was the argument raised by the Commission. It is certainly not an unreasonable one. However, the argument did not win the day.
The Court made it clear that a margin squeeze, in and of itself, is not enough to establish an anticompetitive effect. This point would be confirmed in TeliaSonera.
The second one is Post Danmark I.
Again, there was evidence in that case that the dominant company was selling below cost, and that it had gained some customers from rivals.
And again, the Court ruled that these factors are not enough to establish an anticompetitive effect.
The reasoning of the Court is worth recalling.
The Court noted that, as a general rule, an equally efficient rival can match prices that cover the average incremental costs
It also noted that, in the meantime, the competitor had been able to gain back a customer it had previously lost to the dominant undertaking.
So yes, competitors' life might have been made more difficult during the aggressive pricing campaign, but competitors stayed on the market and fought back
My third case is Intel. There is not much point in discussing it in detail. Suffice it to mention that exclusivity agreements make, by definition, competitors' life more difficult (that was after all the point made in Hoffmann-La Roche). But even if this is so, the Court declared in Intel that the dominant firm can escape Article 102 TFEU
What do these cases tell us, when taken together?
I believe they tell us that a practice does not have an anticompetitive effect where the ability and the incentive of competitors is not affected by it.
In other words, conduct has an anticompetitive effect were rivals are no longer willing and able to fight. And a competitive disadvantage, or a practice that makes their life more difficult, may well incentivise them to fight even harder.
So there you have it, my definition of an anticompetitive effect.
This idea should come across as obvious if one pays attention to other areas of EU competition law.
Think of Tetra Laval/Sidel and GE/Honeywell. Think of Microsoft/Skype.
All these cases involved dominant companies. In all these cases the new entity enjoyed a competitive advantage that made rivals' life more difficult. And we know that these facts, alone, were deemed insufficient to prohibit the mergers.
Is there a reason to define the notion of effects differently depending on the provision? I do not think so, and have never seen a cogent argument in favour of defining effects differently
Some in the audience, when listening to this, might have thought: 'wait a second, you are cheating'.
Did the Court not say that there is no such thing as de minimis in Article 102 TFEU, and therefore anything that dominant companies do cannot fail to have an effect?
To which I would reply: I am afraid the appreciability issue is a different one. A third dimension of the analysis of effects if you will. But for that, I would need more than 10 minutes – for today, I can leave it here
Thanks very much.
4th Chillin'Competition Conference (The Videos: Introduction and Highlights)
Over the past few weeks many of you have asked whether there was any possibility to watch a recording from our conference or to have access to the materials presented. Well, now there is:
In the course of the Christmas period we will be publishing videos of all of
TedTalks, most likely one a day. We will eventually publish other materials related to the panel discussions.
As a starter, here are:
- My introductory speech, titled Why though?
- A highlights video
Unfortunately, no material is capable of capturing the great, chilled, atmosphere. Thanks again to all those who made it possible. But even if you missed that,
and the gifts, and the Syrian food, and the wine, we hope these materials may provide some compensation in the form of food for thought and laughs.
Servier and the myth that one could not challenge market definition
We have not yet had time to read carefully analyze the Servier Judgment rendered today by the General Court and I'm afraid we'll need the weekend to process a few hundred pages in French and to comment on the many interesting points it surely raises. Expect to hear from us about this case early next week.
For now, and as an appetizer, I'll just say that the outcome of the case and a mere read of the press release confirms something we had been saying for a while: Courts do carefully review market definitions when asked to, and are open to annulling them when justified.
The perception that applicants have low probability of success in overturning the Commission's decisions on the point of market definition is (was?), in my view, based on a mere statistical analysis of the cases in which the GC was receptive to the applicants' arguments.
There is certainly a surprising paucity of precedents in which market definition had played a significant role, but that is not the Court's fault. Sousa Ferro observed, in a 2015 piece, that within a universe of 608 annulment proceedings concerning substantive competition issues, the issue of market definition was only raised in 134 cases (22%). Within those, the Commission decision under appeal was only wholly or partly annulled in 5 cases (3.75%) on the basis of an incorrect or insufficiently justified market definition, whilst in another 4 cases the Court expressed some dissatisfaction with the market definition but without annulling the decisions at issue. The article concluded that "applicants have only succeeded in persuading the Court that the Commission erred in its delineation of the market in 6.7% of the cases where the issue was raised".
Whilst interesting, the figures presented in this recommendable article (one among the very few on the subject) may not provide the full picture. The selection of cases considered includes all types of competition cases, including those in which market definition was not required from the Commission (e.g. cartel cases) as well as, admittedly, the "very large number of cases" in which a precise definition would not have altered the Commission's findings and that, consequently, failed to be examined by the Court. The analysis understandably also fails to account for the way in which arguments were pleaded or substantiated.
Other commentators – including experienced Commission litigators in high-profile abuse of dominance cases (remember Eric Gippini's "It's the dominance stupid!" intervention at one of our workshops) coincide in underlining the paucity of challenges to market definition and dominance in many of the abuse of dominance cases litigated within the past 20 years.
Note, for example, that market definition – and dominance – were not contested in a number of the leading abuse of dominance cases in the EU, including Intel, Tomra, Deutsche Telekom and Michelin II. And we haven't had many other abuse of dominance cases brought before the Courts in the past few years.
Full annulments of market definition are certainly rare, although not unprecedented, as shown long ago by Continental Can, some time ago in Tetra Laval (merger case), more recently in CEAHR (concerning a decision to reject a complaint) and today in Servier. But the objective reality is that the Court has most often (albeit admittedly not always) undertaken a very thorough review of market definitions, and this regardless of the outcome of the case. If one looks closely at the case law, this has happened both in cases where the GC referred to the manifest error of assessment standard (e.g. Clearstream or Astra Zeneca) and in cases where it did not (see e.g. Wanadoo or Telefónica). And the same is true of merger control cases, such as Tetra Laval or NVV.
So don't let labels such as that of the "manifest error" standard fool you. A careful read of the formulation of the Tetra Laval standard of review (what President Jaeger has called "the forgotten paragraph"), and particularly an analysis of how it has been implemented in practice, reveals that Courts have a wide margin of review and that they can intervene whenever they are persuaded about possible gaps in the Commission's analysis. [Btw, this confirms what our friends Fernando Castillo and Eric Gippini say in their excellent book, that "practice shows that the manifest error concept captures much more than a decision that is facially or self-evidently wrong. In a way, manifest is whatever the judges consider to be manifest"].
The trend is much more evident in recent years, and my take is that it is here to stay, particularly after KME and Chalkor and perhaps even more following the Court's enlargement.
And this makes sense, for if everyone were easily found dominant in a narrowly defined market, then the special responsibility would become ordinary and one could easily abuse the notion of abuse. Servier's lawyers, who clearly did not buy the myth, actually made this point at the oral hearing citing the Bicycle Repair Man Monty Python sketch, showing how ordinary it would become if everyone were superman.
The bad news is that we may run out of material to continue this saga of posts…. 😉
JECLAP endorses ASCOLA's Declaration of ethics
A while ago, I wrote about ASCOLA's conference at NYU School of Law. There was a bit I did not mention: at the same gathering, the ASCOLA General Assembly unanimously approved a Declaration of Ethics, which can be found here. The initiative seeks to preserve the integrity and trustworthiness of legal research. Ioannis Lianos headed the committee that worked on the declaration.
If you take a look at my profile on the blog, you will see that I now make it explicit that I abide by it.
By and large, this declaration overlaps with the principles that have guided the publication of pieces in the Journal of European Competition Law & Practice (JECLAP) since I became its joint general editor (alongside Gianni De Stefano). Because it is intended for academics, the ASCOLA declaration is stricter in some respects . In this sense, it is a wonderful complement to JECLAP's policy.
At our last meeting, JECLAP's editorial team endorsed the declaration. Accordingly, authors submitting a piece to JECLAP are assumed to abide by ASCOLA's declaration of ethics if they claim an academic affiliation. We are confident other competition law and economics journals will follow, and we have no doubt our authors and readers welcome the initiative.
And since I am speaking ASCOLA: remember that, if you want to take part in the next annual conference – Aix-en-Provence (!), 27-29 June – you have until 15 January 2019 to submit your articles and extended abstracts (more info here).


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West Papua Indonesia
West Papua Indonesia – Raja Ampat District. The east bit of Indonesia offers heaps of concealed stunning spots on which luxurious nature and brilliant islands live. Raja Ampat District isn't an exclusion. It is arranged in West Papua Province and has expanded better omnipresence these days (among travelers). Featuring gigantic measures of islands, guests as often as possible go to the site to do island skipping and other fun activities like photography, wedding trip, nature examination, and significantly more. The name implies "Empat Raja" or Four Kings, truly. It is addressed by its 4 significant islands called Salawati, Batanta, Waigeo, and Misool. Each one of them are defended paying little respect to a visit, beyond question.
The Nuance
The reality of the situation is that Raja Ampat was the bit of Sorong District beforehand. It transformed into another district since 2003 and offers an obvious guest request to everyone. As demonstrated by nearby individuals, there are around 30,000 people living here with their outstanding society and neighborhood sustenances. Adjacent to those 4 imperative islands, there are around 610 more! In any case, Another the truth is that the territory involves generally of the sea, which illuminates why stacks of vacationers are most likely going to value hopping there. The world even has perceived its nautical luxuriousness like numerous sorts of corals, mollusks, and fishes.
Exploring Raja Ampat West Papua Indonesia
Most of the travelers see Raja Ampat as a fascinating outing objective in West Papua Indonesia. It has a novel nautical eminence, on which tourists can examine. Some brilliant resorts are in like manner available in the genuine islands and they offer an unprecedented bouncing pack to visitors. In the midst of the high seasons or events, visitors may spend over around fourteen days there. They have to research the four imperative islands and endeavor various spots of hopping in the midst of the journey.
Those bouncing spots constantly have visitors once per day. Surely, even the senior subjects still have the eagerness for doing in that capacity. It is extremely motivating as nearby individuals moreover play work in managing the resorts and other trip spots in Raja Ampat. Voyagers can get a close-by visit administrator if it is essential, with a sensible expense – West Papua Indonesia.
Diving is the best action in Raja Ampat West Papua Indonesia, without a doubt. Some diving spots even part obvious leftovers of the WWII! In any case, visitors can do diverse things like visiting, island ricocheting, seeing sunset, and move closer to neighborhood individuals. The interest of the region has come to everyone' ears so more visitors are most likely going to come there within the near future. It offers nature greatness, and in addition has an entrancing society, culinary, and history.

subset: commoncrawl


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Roof Rental Scheme
Make money from your roof
What is Sunseap's Roof Rental Scheme?
Sunseap's Roof Rental Scheme allow businesses to monetize unused rooftop space by leasing their rooftop to Sunseap to build more solar systems.
Under the Roof Rental Scheme, Sunseap pays businesses a monthly rental fee in exchange for the rooftop space to contribute to Sunseap's core business of generating and providing renewable energy solutions for commercials and the general public.
The scheme also allows businesses to have the option of purchasing the solar energy generated to contribute towards environmental goals!
Generate Passive Income
Enables commercial building owners to lease out unused rooftop space to generate recurring income.
Opt For Clean Energy
Option to utilise the solar energy generated atop your roofs.
Lower the Temperature of the Building
Solar systems can absorb heat and radiation from the Sun, cooling the surface below it and in effect, decrease the intensity of air-conditioning required to cool the area.


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Vibration feature enables you to be discreetly alerted that your baby is awake. It is also very helpful when Baby Monitor 3G runs on background e.g. when you turn off the LCD by using sleep button or whenever you run another application in the foreground. Vibrations are available from version 2.0.
This tutorial will help you to turn on this function.
1. Before you start monitoring, click on "settings" on the parent station.
2. Turn on the "vibration" function.


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How to connect your A&D Blood Pressure Cuff to ImagineCare
(Make sure you have batteries installed in your blood pressure cuff.)
1. In the ImagineCare app scroll down to where "The real fun begins"
if you have already been in the app scroll down to where it says "Settings and Devices"
2. Select A&D Blood Pressure Cuff
3. Once you have selected the BP Cuff you'll see "Waiting for Bluetooth" text.
4. Take out your BP Cuff. Press and hold the "Start"1 button until you see "Pr"2 on the screen.
5. Next you'll see "Bluetooth Pairing Request", tap on the "Pair" to finish pairing your BP device with the app.
Congratulations! You have successfully paired your BP Cuff with the ImagineCare app!


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Photo by Oncle Tom
It's really simple: You can't become an expert until you've failed at something.
Yet it's funny how people with authoritative titles never talk about their mistakes. In fact, it's a taboo. We want to put our trust in someone who's more of an "expert" than us. It makes us feel safe and gives us warm fuzzies.
For example, you'd rather not be in the dentist chair and have your dentist proudly telling stories of botched root canals. And nobody wants to believe their doctor ever made a wrong diagnosis.
But they have. Many, many times.
This is where the world gets it wrong. It's not really "failure" if we view it properly: it's learning. You don't know what works until you know what doesn't work. Failure is all part of the learning process, and anyone who says differently is delusional.
I'd rather a chef tell me how many times he got the recipe wrong before he finally made the perfect pancake.
So don't worry when you fail. It's going to happen, and it should happen. Often.
Just don't make the mistake of using it as an excuse to quit.
Further Reading: Here's a post from a couple years back that I love and still reference today.


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Some celebs have no intention of turning their backs on cryptos, and one of them is Kobe Bryant who's set to promote TRON protocol.
A year ago when bitcoin reached its record value, everyone started thinking about getting involved, including A-list celebrities. We saw many celebs investing in cryptocurrencies during the bitcoin craze at the beginning of this year. Some of those included Floyd Mayweather, Ashton Kutcher, Jamie Foxx, etc.
And some celebs, like famous rapper 50 Cent, had ventured in the world of cryptos long before others. But, as the value of bitcoin started dropping, many of them have turned their backs on digital currencies. As of November 2018, the price of 1 BTC is just over $4,400, and it's gotta hurt those who bought it when its price was over $19,000.
But, despite the drastic plummeting of the value, cryptos still keep on attracting people. And some celebs have no intention of giving up on what many people to be the future of finance. One of those is the NBA legend, Kobe Bryant.
Special Guest at niTRON 2019 Summit
The reason why we're talking about the legendary basketball player is that the man behind TRON (TRX) blockchain system Justin Sun has announced that Kobe is going to be a special guest at one of their upcoming events. The event in question is the niTRON 2019 Summit, which is scheduled for January 17-18, 2019.
If you're wondering why Kobe Bryant was TRON's choice to talk at a cryptocurrency conference, it seems that no one knows the right answer. He wasn't too outspoken about anything related to cryptos or blockchain, but he is famous for being one of the celebs that know how to make good business decisions. The news from last summer talks about Kobe's fantastic investment in BodyArmor, a kind of sports drink, which earned him $200m on an investment of only $6m.
Another reason why Kobe Bryant is not a too-surprising pick is that TRON has a history of trying to get celebs involved, particularly those that previously had no experience with cryptos. The most obvious example is Pope Francis, who was given one TRX via Twitter. In fact, during their campaign of engaging celebs on social media, TRON team tried (and succeeded) to get a number of celebs involved, including Snoop Dogg, Kanye West, and Ellen Degeneres.
More about TRON (TRX)
It's true that TRON (TRX) is not one of the most famous cryptos in the world today, but the man who developed it has a plan to change that. We're talking about TRON CEO Justin Sun who's become famous for using rather an unconventional approach to spread the word about his coin.
And it seems that he's been doing it well so far. Considering that TRON Foundation was established just a little over a year ago, it's fair to say that they've been very successful. The TRON protocol and its coin was based on Ethereum but was migrated to its own platform. It's needless to say that the move was heavily publicized, with Justin Sun calling that date the TRON Independence Day.
If you liked "Kobe Bryant Joins Other Celebs in Promoting Cryptos" article, please share.
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Andrimo Review Guides
These Guide Helps you to Know More About Andrimo Review Feature!
Is there something you want to learn?
More guides are being written! In the meantime, if you have a question or topic you would like to see covered, please share the idea with Start Bootstrap on Twitter!Tweet @SBootstrap
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The Songs of Trees
Stories From Nature's Great ConnectorsBook - 2017
From the critics
Community Activity
CommentAdd a Comment
Poetic and beautifully written, with in-depth information, it is a must read so we all understand the importance of native trees in each part of the world. Every living being is connected to trees and this vital network must be cherished and protected.
Trees are far more complex and interesting than their static exterior would suggest. The complexity of how they live and interact is truly fascinating.
Each tree anecdote was engaging and unique, giving insight into the life of the individual tree, its connection with its plant and animal community, and larger human-ecological connections. The book is also beautifully written; I have never before read a description of tree-root fungus which sounded like poetry.
It is fitting that Haskell references Baker's "The Peregrine" in this book as his poetic prose has the same visceral impact on the reader's senses. He has a gift for capturing the sounds of nature in onomatopoeic words. (I found myself listening to the winter forest in a different way, the swish of white pine and the rattle of red oak leaves in the damp east wind.) But more than this, Haskell is an extraordinary writer and philosopher. He is a keen observer of nature, which is not a separate entity from humanity, but part of a whole where we "unself". His essays on trees in cities, Denver and New York, are the most powerful and offer some hope for better stewardship of the green space to which we are drawn. This is a book to reread and savour. I look forward to his next one.
[Note: OPL does not have a copy of "The Peregrine".]
The Songs of Trees: a lyrically transfixing, minute inspection of a ubiquitous, taken-for-granted species, namely trees. If time is taken, one perceives a subtly haunting quality enveloping trees. Could it be that our fate is entwined with the quality of their existence? Are they sentinels as regards our very survival? Required of the reader is a modicum of perseverance, for the richness of detail in the various observations is quite amazing, thus precluding anything but a measured perusal.
In depth information of tree life sytems. The Hidden Life of Trees is more readable if you have interest.
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The Aspermont Star (Aspermont, Tex.), Vol. 13, No. 3, Ed. 1 Thursday, August 4, 1910
Description: Weekly newspaper from Aspermont, Texas that includes local, state and national news along with extensive advertising.
Date: August 4, 1910
Creator: Thomas, S. W.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Newspaper
Partner: Stonewall County Library


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Narrow the results to find the one for you.
It's expensive, but if you want a solid blend of performance and family-friendly usability, the SQ5 is worth a gander.
The RST packages add a more entertaining drive character and sharper looks to the practical and capable Chevrolet Tahoe SUV.
The GMC Terrain Denali may be worth the price of admission for people who value flashy exterior style and sportier handling, but people expecting a more luxurious ride for the money will want to look elsewhere.
The midsize SUV for those on the hunt for a pure and simple ride.
Yes, the 2018 Mini Countryman PHEV is the most fuel-efficient Mini, but only if you plug in often. Without regular recharges, it becomes difficult to justify the price premium for relative small mpg gains.
Even with its flaws, the Nissan Armada deserves strong consideration from people shopping for a large SUV.
The Wrangler crawls to the top with more powertrain options, improved efficiency and better off-road prowess.
A midcycle refresh brings advanced driver aid tech as standard on most trim levels, along with third-row seats and Harman Kardon surround sound.
The 2017 Infiniti QX80 is the luxury SUV that makes you feel like the master of all you survey, but a new model is coming for 2018.
The C-HR looks neat, but there are far better options in this hotly contested segment.
It weighs less and has fewer cylinders, but Ford's turbocharged full-sized Expedition pulls hard with class-leading towing capacity and best fuel economy.
Drivers in the market for a compact SUV that can tackle a rough dirt trail will find few options better than the 2018 Subaru Crosstrek. More importantly, the tall-wagon now boasts new tech that makes it easier to live with and safer on the road.
The 2017 Mazda CX-5 is a great choice in the crowded small SUV segment, offering comfortable road manners and a quiet cabin. It's in-dash electronics fall behind the times, but its head-up display is an excellent option.
Don't judge this book by its dull cover; the 2017 Kia Niro quietly boasts very respectable hybrid performance. Stick to the midtier trim levels for the best blend of economy, technology and price.
The 2018 Volkswagen Atlas doesn't do much to inspire emotion, but the three-row SUV is well-built and should satisfy most consumers.
The 2018 Alfa Romeo Stelvio looks good and drives well, but often feels like it's getting by on style more than substance, as its sport performance is only middling and cabin technology only covers the basics.
It's no Avista, but the Enclave is an attractive, capable three-row SUV for upper-middle families with lots of stuff to do and see.
Strong looks and decent handling can't overcome the weak infotainment tech and disappointing engine.


text:
I recently had a problem where I was using the query builder in Power BI to extract data from all files in a folder. When some new files were added to the folder my query broke.
It turns out that the issue was with my promote headers step. Because the first file the query opened changed, the header that was promoted in the filename column was different, throwing off all my subsequent query steps. I needed a way of referencing the first column without referencing it by name.
The solution is actually pretty simple, but it requires editing the M code rather than using functions accessible from the ribbon.
My next step after promoting the headers was to rename some of them, including the filename column as that had been replaced with the filename of the first file.
Table.RenameColumns(#"Promoted Headers",{{"201701.xlsx","Name"},...})
This issue was that the column was no longer called "201701.xlsx" as the first file had changed. The column I'm after is the first column in the table so I just need to create a bit of code that will dynamically select the first column.
There is a Table.ColumnNames function that will create a list of column names of a table. I can then use the List.First function on that list to grab the name of the first column. So all I need to do is replace the "201701.xlsx" argument with the below:
List.First(Table.ColumnNames(#"Promoted Headers"))


text:
Milwaukee County Approves Indigenous Peoples' Day
Published December 16, 2016
MILWAUKEE – On Thursday, December 15, 2916, the Milwaukee County Board adopted a resolution to designate the second Monday of October as Indigenous Peoples' Day as a means to recognize the "powerful and unique languages" of the 11 federally recognized American Indian tribes in Wisconsin.
The commemoration occurs on the same day annually as does Columbus Day.
The resolution was approved by a 16 – 1 vote.
The measure does not go as far others adopted in cities, such as Minneapolis or Seattle where Columbus Day is replaced. However, resolution states that early European colonists "decimated" populations of native people they encountered on Caribbean Islands by "enslavement, execution, and disease." The resolution further recognizes Indigenous peoples lived in North America, and in what is now Milwaukee County, "long before the first European explorers reached the region."
Two dozen students from Indian Community School in Franklin, Wisconsin were present to observe to resolution adopted.


text:
Only keep wines you love
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12 bottles or orders over £75
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and get £20 off your first order
If you like your reds medium-bodied but not short of richness and flavour, try this intriguing Veneto red, made with partially air-dried grapes. The blend is corvina, star of Valpolicella, with merlot. Lovely, digestible Italian red for a wine-based risotto and seafood, Rialto style.
Product Code: IT26291
View all products by 'Cielo e Terra' Gruppo Cantine Colli Bercici
This family-run co-operative is based in the Colli Berici (Berici Hills), which are between Verona and Padua in the Veneto region of north-east Italy. It is owned by the Cielo family, and the name 'Cielo e Terra' is doubly clever: it translates literally to 'heaven and earth' and also reflects the family's close ties to the terroir of Veneto.The estate was founded in 1908 by Giovanni Cielo. He began by planting vines around the family home, but the property grew and grew, and his sons and grandsons built their own winery and began buying grapes from other local growers to meet production demands. By the time it reached the current, fourth generation – Luca and Pierpaolo Cielo – in the early 21st century, the co-op was sourcing fruit from over 2,000 producers in the Colli Berici. Considering that the Berici hills are a real suntrap, with a warm, Mediterranean climate, it isn't surprising to learn that vines have been grown here for hundreds of years. Co-op members own 4,000 hectares of vines here in total, from well-known favourites like chardonnay, sauvignon blanc, trebbiano, merlot and sangiovese to more local varieties like Manzoni bianco, tai rosso and raboso.The company has three wineries spread across the southern towns of the hills. On arrival, grapes are sorted according to variety, area of origin and sugar levels. Winemaking involves cold fermentation and soft pressing, both of which help to retain the grapes' natural fragrance and complexity.The co-op produces various ranges of wines – the one wine we buy, Baccolo, is from the estate's premium range, and is a blend of merlot and corvina. The grapes are partially dried to enhance flavour and part of the blend is aged in oak barriques.
Three regions constitute this wide and varied area. In the very north-east, abutting Slovenia and Croatia lies Friuli-Venezia Giulia. South and east of Venice spreads the broad swathe of the Veneto, one of Italy's main wine producing areas in terms of volume. Finally, falling from the foothills of the Dolomites is Trentino-Alto Adige.Since the 1970s Friuli-Venezia Giulia has earned a fine reputation for high-quality white wines and a burgeoning one for reds. Most of the estates here are family owned with some co-operatives dotted around. Much of the inland area is hilly or mountainous with flatter vineyards sited around the Isonzo River as it comes down to the sea. The two principal white wine making areas are the Friuli Colli Orientali in the north-west and Collio Goriziano in the centre and east around the curve of the Slovenian border. The Orientali vineyards are in the lee of the Julian Alps and are cooler than the vineyards of Collio Goriziano though they are protected from northerly winds and have a more continental climate. They sit at altitudes of between 330 and 1200 metres on soils that were once beneath the ocean, so marl and sandstone predominate. The Collio Goriziano vineyards enjoy slightly greater influence from the Adriatic to the south, though the cool air draining from the higher ground in the north plays its part, and the vineyards sit upon the many steep slopes in this hilly country.Pinot grigio was an early success here and is still widely made, but chardonnay, sauvignon blanc and pinot bianco have joined local varieties like tocai fiuliano, picolit and verduzzo in producing some of Italy's freshest and most interesting white wines. Local varieties like schioppetino and refosco have struggled to find an audience outside of the region in the past though this is changing, and some Bordeaux blends from the Grave region of free draining alluvial soils are making people sit up and take notice.Trentino-Alto Adige was once part of the Austro-Hungarian empire and in the northern parts of the province (Alto Adige) German is still widely spoken. Indeed, the architecture, food and customs owe much to their Teutonic roots and there are elements that remain in the vineyards that echo a Germanic past. Riesling is planted here and the village of Tramin gave its name to the gewürztraminer grape which is now so widely planted in another region with Germanic influences, Alsace. To reinforce that comparison, sylvaner, muscat, müller-thurgau and pinot gris (grigio) are also to be found here. Alto Adige is also known as the Süd-Tyrol (South Tyrol) and lies on the border with Austria and is Italy's most northerly wine region. Here the vines grow in the foothills of the Alps, on the lower slopes along the Adige Valley. Altitudes vary between 200 and 1000 metres. White wines made the reputation of the region for their lively, fresh purity but reds are grown here too. Schiava and the burlier lagrein are the indigenous varieties much used here, though bracing cabernet sauvignon and merlot wines are made from plantings that can struggle to ripen and escape some greenness. Some very fine pinot noir wines are having an impact for their high-class and poise.The Veneto is something of a vinous bread basket. The soils are fertile, which is not usually propitious for fine wine production, and officially permitted yields are unacceptably high. The region produces enormous quantities of everyday wines for exporting and blending but also embraces the Valpolicella region where the jewel in the crown is Valpolicella Amarone, the sweetly rich, full-bodied expression of semi-dried corvina and rondinella grapes that is sought after the world over. Though bulk production, particularly through large and highly-efficient co-operatives, is still prevalent the improvements in winemaking and viticulture are clear, and there are many producers in formerly workaday DOCs like Valpolicella and Soave who are turning their corvina, rondinella, garganega and trebbiano di lugana (turbiano) grapes into vinous gems. Prosecco is also produced here from the glera grape in the hills around Conigliano almost due north of Venice, and is something of a worldwide phenomenon in terms of sales volume. As ever, there is a lot of basic fizz but the producers who take a little more care in vineyards and wineries are making delicious bubblies at all price levels.
"A very well-priced Passito wine which coped extremely well with a chicken tagine, with all its spicy flavours. I haver had this wine several times and it never fails to impress"
I would recommend this wine
"I first got this Baccolo as part of a mixed case and I have purchased several more since. Price aside, it's a lovely wine with an intensity you really wouldn't expect. There are dark fruit flavours that are pleasantly concentrated while the hint of oak nicely mellows it out; offering a nice longer than expected finish. It would be a stretch too far to say its like an Amarone but the comparison is there none the less! Considering the price point, this is a fantastic wine. A step above an everyday drink but why not at £6.95! "
"Excellent value easy drinking red. Would go really well with tomato sauces on pasta etc. "
I would recommend this wine
"Brilliant value! Our favourite sub £10 red for some time. Fruity and spicy, with good body."
"Really enjoyed this one and fabulous quality at the price. Smooth and easy drinking either on its own, or as I did, with a large plate of spaghetti bolognese. Highly recommended"
"Full bodied but a tad too sweet for my taste"
"I love Italian reds and this one did not disappoint. Had all the rich and interesting flavours that go perfectly with meaty pasta dishes. As others have commented, this is excellent value at £6.95 a bottle, hence my 5 stars. Will definitely buy again. "
"I was very keen to try this wine as I just love the way some Italian wines use part dried grapes to enhance the flavour. Have tried a few over the years from very expensive Amarone to more modest £10 Appassimento from [another merchant]. At £7 this is certainly great value. Very well made and full flavoured and it improved after a couple of hours opening. Will buy again"
"Pretty much what you would expect for a Merlot at this price."
"Amazing for price! "
"Did not like this at all. Overly sweet and sickly. "
"Medium bodied, a bit like a heavy Pinot Noir. The first sip (before food) was a tad acidic, but once paired with (the suggested) prawns and avocado it really opened up and the Merlot flavour really came through. Finished up the bottle post-food and thoroughly enjoyed it. I mistakenly added 2 bottles to my basket when placing a previous order with the Wine Society, but on reflection that was a good move!"
"Mine is a little less enthusiastic than other reviews on here. On the Friday, on its own, it was a little astringent. On Saturday with a Fegato alla Veneziana, it came into its own. Which is quite often the way with moderately priced Italian wines: they make perfect sense with food. For the price, another very good wine from the WS. "
"Good fruit on the nose; medium bodied - as expected from the Veneto region. At £6.95 a bottle an very good wine - one can't expect huge depths for this price point. I give this five stars for a wine in the lower price category."
"Concentrated dark flavour, if not terribly complex. Medium body - for my taste, it could have been just a little more oaked. But for £6.95 this is good value."
"A very reasonably priced 'everyday day' wine. It gave the impression of a much more expensive bottle. I'm going to order some more - would thoroughly recommend."
"Very good value; would buy again!"
"Lovely intense flavour, good with rich pasta dishes . Excellent value "
"I was keeping my fingers crossed that the 2017 vintage was as good as the 2016, which was the best of my last years wines from the society... needn't have worried. Opened the bottle and experienced that excellent nose, all uphill from there. Once the newness had gone (after leaving the bottle to breath), that same wonderful unique light berried fruitiness from the corvina grape addition hit my taste buds leaving that slight tannin crispiness in aftertaste. It will be on the table with the turkey this Christmas. (not the same bottle!!? this one will be gone and enjoyed tonight!)"
"Bought three bottles to try and found on each occasion that it gave me a slight headache, even one glass. Now, I don't normally get headaches, not from one decade to the next. In consequence, I suspect that this wine may contains small amounts of acetaldehyde as a result of oxidation. It certainly had a vinegar note on the nose, even if I could not detect acetaldehyde as such (the stages of oxidation are ethanol -> acetic acid -> acetaldehyde). Why do I suspect acetaldehyde? It is toxic and its presence in corked wines is well known produces headaches.
Otherwise, was not much impressed. A very indifferent wine, I thought. Labelled differed atom the above, now red and black and rather vulgar. "
"I agree with a previous member's comments - better a day after opening."
"I first got this Baccolo as part of a mixed case and I have purchased several more since. Price aside, it's a lovely wine with an intensity you really wouldn't expect. There are dark fruit flavours that are pleasantly concentrated while the hint of oak nicely mellows it out; offering a nice longer than expected finish. It would be a stretch too far to say its like an Amarone but the comparison is there none the less! Considering the price point, this is a fantastic wine. A step above an everyday drink but why not at £6.95! "
"This was quite a surprise and excellent for the price point. Will be buying again."
"Recommend by a friend a nice wine, but a tad acid in the after taste, worth trying at a reasonable price "
"Not just a good wine at £6.75. Some intensity, nice black fruits and soft oaky flavours.
Great match for mid week pasta or pizza. I for one will be stocking up. "
"Fruity, smooth and delicious. It is,without a doubt, my new favourite. Oh, and it is very reasonably priced!"
"This is becoming a favourite in my house and goes with a wide range of food.
Very good at this price."
"Good value for money at £6.75, really intense dark fruit flavours. To me it tasted very jammy and I feel a bit indifferent about that, I had it with steak but might go better with something such a venison or other game. Really nice wine but don't think you could sit down and drink loads of it. "
"A definite 4.5 stars - an excellent wine with a really nice afterglow -lovely
"Very disappointed. I struggled to get a hint of anything specific or interesting on the nose or palette, the aftertaste was probably the most definable part of this wine for me.
Maybe it was a bad bottle and I confess that I only finished this wine as I felt I should out of principle and also being a bit of a soak but no matter how I came at this bottle, I just couldn't find anything good, not even a general sense of pleasantness in the mouth, shame."
"Fantastic wine - whole party loved it.
Will buy again"
"We enjoyed this wine very much. It is dry and a tiny bit of fizz but is lovely to the taste."
"Delayed writing this until I had placed my order. Part of a mixed case. Large, rounded, fruity (but not maceration type frutiness), simply yummy. The blurb says medium-bodied but I would take issue with that. Deep colour, real length, and a mouthful. Almost too good to be an everyday wine but at this price, fantastic."
"A great fruity Italian red wine which really does punch above ots own weight but we drank it at room teprature (20 °C+) and I am sure thst it would be even better slightly cooled (15°C probably best). But a real bargain all the same."
"Definitely a good everyday quaffable Rosso, great with pizza or pasta. Slightly unsubtle but no rough edges. Not much to complain at that price!"
"One of my absolute favourite wines. Smooth and silky feel with masses of fruit flavours "
"A very well-priced Passito wine which coped extremely well with a chicken tagine, with all its spicy flavours. I haver had this wine several times and it never fails to impress"
"Medium body, soft fruit. Good value."
"Shhhhh, don't tell anyone how good this wine is for under £7. Not complicated, soft rounded fruits and a pleasure to drink. A great house wine. "
"Lovely, fruity, satisfying. Well matched with pasta but easy to drink without. Better after a day of opening. Will order again."
"Found in the mixed red <£7 case (WC19120). Pleasant, fairly slight, easy, and quite interesting. Decent vaue. A quaffer. A useful list of twenty ways of saying "contains sulfites".on the backside."
"simple rich fruity and as good a daily wine as one could wish: I bought 6 then ordered 12 more after the second bottle"
"I still had a bottle of the 2016 so was able to try them side-by-side. Yes, the 2017 is a little less rich than the earlier vintage, but makes up for it in freshness. Still very enjoyable and I will be buying more"
"Sumptous daily drinking red with fruit and flavour, good value for money at < £7: the apassimento contribution somewhat reminiscent of amarone di valpolicella"
"okay but a bit disappointed given it was an appassimento. Expected it to be a bit richer"
"A jam-packed, fruit-laden delight of a wine for the price. The air-drying to develop the flavour seems to have worked a treat with cherries, clove and cooked plums in a satisfying combo with a slight earthy edge."
"I really enjoyed this and it great value for money. "
"Good value but not quite as good as the 2016 vintage."
The Times 1st Feb 2020
"… bargain, velvety,
red cherry-ripe … Jane MacQuitty"
"Good bistro wine, fruity, medium bodied, bit of spice. Gets smoother and improves an hour or two after opening. Versatile with food."
Mr Chris Groom (22-Dec-2018)
"We all really enjoyed this wine
Smooth, very drinkable
Will be back for more"
Mr Steven Foster (09-Dec-2018)
"First tried the 2013 vintage and since found it to be consistently good wine and great value for the cost. Now always include a couple of bottles of this wine in my orders and have not been dissapointed."
Mr John West (07-Nov-2018)
"Excellent, smooth, delicious. I was expecting this to be too light for roast beef, but the rest of the company and I thoroughly enjoyed it"
Mr Keith Mantell (28-Oct-2018)
"A couple of gin and tonics to the wind, a take away from the nearby Italian, and we fell jubiliant into this bottle. Gloriously gluggable. Bright, spicy smooth once breathed. An undeniably useful bottle to have around."
Mr David Oakes (19-Oct-2018)
"Soft and delicious with a hint of spice. Definitely a family favourite and excellent value"
Dr David Rickeard (16-Sep-2018)
"As other reviewers have said, not particularly complex but easy to drink, the kind of decent table wine that the locals serve you in carafes. Probably 3 and a half stars rather than than 4. Would order again, especially for a large party/ family gathering, very likeable wine unlikely to offend."
Mr Steven Naylor (18-Aug-2018)
"Given the positive previous reviews I would have to say this wasn't quite as good as I expected. I found it on the thin side and it had a mildly acidic ending. Still got star based on vfm."
Mr George Fleri (02-Aug-2018)
"A smashing little wine, bursting with red fruits with a nice rounded dryness that matches the fruit flavours, whilst a little light and thin for my normal taste this went down well with our pasta and on into the night.
Good wine and great value."
Mr Neville Clifford (30-Jul-2018)
"Absolutely fabulous value for money. No great depth [what do you expect at this price!] but smooth, round and well flavoured and extremely easy to quaff. Will always re-order."
Mr Brendan M Breslin (12-Jul-2018)
"what a cracker, a smashing wine, beautifully rounded and smooth, nothing to fault, will be reordering..."
Mr Martin Reeves (11-Jul-2018)
"Not as full bodied as I would have expected from a wine made appassimento, but good nevertheless with deep colour and berry flavours. Good value for the price but for a pound or two more you can get something really special."
Mr Nigel Walker (28-Jun-2018)
"Lovely light-ish red, good with food "
Ms Clare Turner (25-May-2018)
"Very smooth, slightly spicy wine. Slightly sour after-taste making it excellent with cold or cured meats and cheeses. I also had it with spicy pasta, which was a huge success. Excellent value for money, will definitely get again."
Miss Sally Brown (15-May-2018)
"Quintessential Italian wine. There's cherry flavours to the fore, some spice, as others have suggested and enough complexity at this price point to keep you coming back. Like many decent bottles of Italian wine, would accompany an array of dishes. Very food friendly. I think The Wine Society excell at this sort of thing. I'm on my third case!"
Mr Simon Godfrey (15-May-2018)
Ms Clare Turner (27-Apr-2018)
"Ripe, round and cherry flavoured. Had I tasted this blind I'd say it cost at least a couple of quid more. Very good value."
Mr Andrew Howe (26-Apr-2018)
"Warm, gentle fruit flavours with a pleasant sweet rush of cherry. Light oak, a whisper of vanilla. A little spice, and nothing at all to offend. The cakey, candied overtones might not to be everyone's taste but I found this a very compelling, comforting kind of everyday red. Would be very nice with a finger of Wensleydale."
Mr Patrick Vickers (13-Apr-2018)
"An excellent value, versatile, everyday red. I can understand why it is so popular with fellow community members."
Mr Chris Brinklow (27-Mar-2018)
"An excellent value medium bodied red with fruit and a spicy finish. This wine will go well with Salami, Chorizo, Parma Ham, Olives, Cheese and fresh Breads. It will also lend itself to Bolognaise, Pizza or quality Pork Sausages. It's also very drinkable on it's own."
Mr Colin Bell (19-Mar-2018)
"À very drinkable medium bodied red. Went well with lasagne. Good value for money."
Mr Michael Auty (09-Mar-2018)
"5 stars for the value. really good. punching above its weight."
Mr Christopher Muir (02-Mar-2018)
"Poor man's Ripasso !!! I do not mean to denigrate Baccolo in any way....it is a very scrumptious glass of spicy, warming red. I'm sure it would compliment a variety of eats, but I got no further than Milano salami and some well oiled olives....( one bottle of Baccolo, 15 cms of thinly sliced sausage and a jar of mixed olives....left me decided oiled, but extremely satisfied)"
Mr Alan E Sullivan (27-Feb-2018)
"An interesting wine that really does have a touch of spice. Excellent value for money.
David Tomlinson"
Mr David Tomlinson (01-Feb-2018)
"My wife and I really enjoy this as an everyday wine. Easy drinking, but not bland and enough in there to make it work well with meaty meals. Great value."
Mr John Cook (18-Jan-2018)
"Rounded with plenty of fruit and hints of warm spice. If you're looking for a new house wine, give this one a go."
Mr Callum Montgomery (16-Jan-2018)
"We really enjoy this. Great density and complexity for the price--brilliant with lamb chops."
Professor Alan Hertz (17-Nov-2017)
"Smooth fruity rounded good bodied and value for money"
Mr John G Bowen (04-Nov-2017)
"Love at first sniff! An absolute favorite!"
Ms Stine Rasmussen (20-Sep-2017)
"Enjoyed this wine, have had previous vintages of it, its easy drinking, fruity but also a bit of spice, not hugely complex but great value for money - worth a try!"
Mr David Mitchell (15-Sep-2017)
"This is a budget wine which has lots of positive reviews. It is IGP rated and the grape variety is not mentioned on the label but the method of making the wine (Appasimento) is much lauded. This wine is drinkable but it is very different from what you would expect from a wine from the Veneto, in my opinion. On the nose it is rubber, tobacco and perhaps liquorice. I don't find this attractive. It is medium bodied, clean, lively and warm on the palate with berry and perhaps vanilla taste. There is not harshness on the short finish."
Mr Bernard J Barton (05-Jul-2017)
"Rounded yet spicy and sweet, and strong immediate appeal. An excellent choice."
Mr Mark O'Sullivan (15-Apr-2017)
"This has quickly become my favourite TWS wine for under £6!"
Mr Thomas Choong (22-Mar-2017)
"This is a lovely wine. Plenty of fruity flavour - plums and dark berries and a deep crimson colour. Very easy drinking - very smooth and full. Excellent value at under £6"
Mr John Bentley (11-Mar-2017)
"Great value for the money. Smooth and silky with lots of flavour but not overpowering and also, thankfully, not too strong at 13% - another cracker from the WS."
Mr Michael Ahlquist (02-Feb-2017)
"Brilliant wine, especially for the price. I've tried many £10+ bottles which aren't a patch on this. Distinctive, recognisable but incredibly smooth."
Mr Ben Davies (10-Jan-2017)
"New budget favourite!"
Mr Keiron Charles Ellis (09-Jan-2017)
Mr Alex Jones (08-Nov-2016)
100 AWEsome Wines (4th May 2017)
"A family run
co-operative makes this gem. By using partially dried corvina and merlot
grapes, they deliver a touch more alcohol and a heck of a lot more complexity
and concentration. Lots of sour cherry fruit and spices, a creamy texture and a
pleasing bitter finish. - Paul Howard"
The Tablet (11th Feb 2017)
"… unbelievable value
... in all but name Valpolicella Ripasso, with rich spicy cherry fruit,
produced by the partial air-drying of merlot and corvina grapes. - N.O'Phile"
"Excellent wine for the price. For my taste the aftertaste is slightly too bitter to have on its own but it went very well with food. Will definitely buy again."
Mr Stefano Manganini (26-Sep-2016)
Mr Jamie White (15-Aug-2016)
"Five stars isn't enough for this wine, it is truly superb."
Mr Richard Smith (11-Aug-2016)
"I am normally a drinker of white wine but have a weakness Amarone. When I saw that the last vintage was made using the Appassimento method, I tried it and was not disappointed. I have described this to friends as "the poor man's Amarone". Excellent value for money. Smooth and rich.
Ms Annette Hughes (10-Aug-2016)
"A beautifully balanced red and wonderful value for money. Needs a few hours breathing space. I opened, but did not decant, at midday for evening consumption. Absolutely lovely!"
Mr Peter Wooldridge (04-Aug-2016)
"Excellent value. Smooth and peppery."
Mr Dave Symington (12-Jun-2016)
"This is a terrific bargain! It is young and needed decanting and a couple of days to open up, but it became smooth and dense and fruity and really quite delightful. A perfect match for a soft goat cheese."
Professor Alan Hertz (22-May-2016)
"I am a big fan of wine via the Appassimento method, and was dubious if this wine would pack enough punch for the price. Did not have as much body as my usual choice but at 40% of the cost a good midweek alternative. This has to be a bargain. Very drinkable on it's own, also tried with a continental meat platter and combination worked well. Recommended."
Mr Gordon Allan (08-May-2016)
"I am very interested in exploring Italian wines available through the Wine Society. I tried the 'Valpolicella Superiore Ripasso, Torre Del Falasco', which I was very pleased with and I recommend to try. I was looking for another 'great value for money' option and tried this Boccolo, and believe I have found a little gem of a red wine for the money. Combined with the Valpolicella, I think they represent great value and a good option if you want to try Italian red."
Mr Andrew J Todesco (11-Apr-2016)
"Plenty of body (Medium-Full) with general fruity flavour and slight citrus undertones. Not overly sweet andgives slight tannin ending. Enjoyable drinking wine which would go together with most foods but is fine alone."
Mr John Bentley (04-Mar-2016)
"Beautifully easy to drink with or without food. Typically good WS value."
Mr John Burns (07-Feb-2016)
The Times (2nd Jul 2016)
"40 best red wines to buy this summer: Dive into this gorgeous, gamey, dried cranberry, morello cherry and raspberry-charged red, which has that pleasing, classic, bitter Italian twang on the finish. It's a great barbecue red. - Jane MacQuitty"
"Pretty good, will buy again."
Mr Colin Watford (05-Dec-2015)
"Absolutely excellent value for money. Another WS success story at the bottom end of the market. I bought this in a mixed (my own selections) case of Italian reds. Will be interesting to see how the others rate against this one. Next in line is The Society's Montepulciano d'Abruzzo 2014."
Mr Peter Wooldridge (01-Oct-2015)
"Under £6 - what's not to like? Admittedly not long or complex but good fruit with decent body. Doesn't get much better for midweek drinking at the price."
Mr David Smith (27-Sep-2015)
"Beautiful rich but transparent colour, with an attractive muted but slightly peppery nose. Taste is fruity and lasting, with limited tannins. A very easy drinking wine. I would buy it again but it wouldn't be a first choice."
Mr Stephen Hughes (25-Jul-2015)
"A delightfully light and fruity summer red with just the slightest hint of Amarone depth. Pairs well with Test Match Special."
Mr Stephen Beaton (16-Jul-2015)
"Alcoholic Vimto! Very fruity, rounded and inoffensive, but overall you expect more of a wine. It's like they've taken all the interesting edges off, removed any riskiness (potential charatcter) and left something quite one dimensional. If a computer made a wine it would probably come up with something like this!"
Mr Mark Chandler (26-Jun-2015)
"Bought 6 bottles after reading previous reviews. Delighted, buying some more."
Mr Iain C Girling (21-Jun-2015)
"Pasta and tomato sauce, cheese and biscuits and this gem! Grazie! Always wanted to try an Amarone at some point but that's for a special occasion. If this is a more modest version that only hints at the more expensive bottles, I will still be very pleased to return to it frequently."
Mr Ian C White (19-Jun-2015)
"Opened a bottle of this last night, it's an easy drinking wine, it's fruity, fresh and smooth and works well with or without food - happily I have another bottle after this."
Mr David Mitchell (15-Jun-2015)
"Is it me? This was the worst wine I have drank in a long time, it was like a cheap supermarket wine and understand why it was so cheap. Lacking any body or flavour both with and without food, Problem is I bought 2 bottles!! I will be trying to get my money back on these."
Mr Terry Bates (04-Jun-2015)
"I tried this for the first time. For £6 you can't beat it. Smooth, full of fruit. Stick it on the table at any occasion and you won't get any complaints.
Can't say more than that apart from i'll be adding a few to my case next time."
Mr Richard Burton (17-May-2015)
"Can only agree with most of the other reviews - a great wine not only at this price. Keeps our interest..."
Mr David Wright (16-May-2015)
"Opened this intending to have a glass with farfalle and a tomato and pancetta sauce, drank the lot, outclassed a lot of ripasso`s I have tried, excellent, will definitely be back for more."
Mr Michael Heaney (11-May-2015)
"Our standard wine for pasta and pizza. Excellent value."
Ms Helen Butler (27-Apr-2015)
"Medium-bodied is a bit of an understatement. The part-dried Corvina grapes turbo-charge the Merlot. Dark colour, full but restrained fruit, modest tannins it does not need decanting and keeps for a day. Exceptional value. As close to an Amarone as you can get under £12."
Dr Hans-Ulrich Laasch (26-Apr-2015)
"The 2013 still drinking well. Probably our favourite match for homemade pizza. And one of our top ten value for money Society wines."
Mr Michael Garden (02-Apr-2015)
"A great midweek wine at an exceptionally reasonable price. You really can taste the extra flavour from the partially dried grapes, giving this wine an added dimension you would not usually expect for this price. It's a challenge not to drink the whole bottle in one sitting - eminently quaffable!"
Ms Michelle Stone (07-Feb-2015)
"Wow! I have nothing bad to say about this wine, fruity, mildly spicy with a aftertaste of almost fresh grass! For under £6 some of the nicest wine I have had at that price! I would give it a 4 out of 5 only due to the fact it doesn't have the robustness and complexity you would find in a more expensive bottle of wine but definitely beats some £8 or £9 bottles I have had recently."
Mr Thomas Edwards (01-Feb-2015)
"You can glug it, you can sip it, with food or on its own - does what it says on the tin, and excellent value."
Mr Philip Kirkley (25-Jan-2015)
"I did not have the pleasure of trying the 2012 and if the members are saying that was better than the 2013, I have well and truly missed out. For the price this wine is excellent value. I tried it on its own and with barbecued chicken and rice (unconventional, but there you go!) and thought it was great. Will certainly be ordering again."
Mr Mike Johnson (08-Jan-2015)
"I agree with Mr Woollard's comments but still think the 2013 is a good wine - just about to order more!"
Mr John West (01-Dec-2014)
"Ordered a case of 2013 as 2012 had run out. I am a great fan, but sadly I think some of the allure has been lost. I found it had less body and was a little more tart than the 2012. Please correct me!"
Mr N Woollard (25-Nov-2014)
"Has got to be one of the best value low priced reds on your books!! Have re-ordered more than once."
Mr J B Rolph (12-Nov-2014)
"Medium bodied Venetian red, with a nice edge to it. Good value and best with food, although fine on its own."
Mr Luke Doherty (12-Sep-2014)
"A great find from Italy at an excellent price. The concentration of the dried merlot and corvina shines through to produce a wine of great character. Needless to say the wine complements pasta dishes with a rich tomato or meat sauce. Highly recommended!"
Mr Malcolm J Davies (31-Aug-2014)
"Very easy to drink every day merlot - works really well with tomato and meat pasta sauces, semi-hard cheeses and antipasti in general. Will reorder.
Mr Andrea Capodicasa (26-Aug-2014)
"Simply delicious and a bargain. It goes nicely with Italian meals of is smooth enough to drink on its own. I'm not surprised it is sold out and am glad I got my dozen early."
Dr Dyfrig M Davies (28-Aug-2014)
"I am not surprised this wine has sold out. I was one of the lucky ones to get a bottle of this smooth tasting wine. Excellent value for money."
Mr Jerry Obeney (13-Aug-2014)
"This wine has lovely length and rich, dark fruit flavours. When I looked at my receipt I couldn't believe the price I paid. What a steal! Well done to the WS buyers for finding this gem."
Mr Rory Bremner (17-Jun-2014)
"Tones of pepper and dark berries on the nose; initial taste is fruit driven, smooth on the tongue, easy finish. Sunny Sunday evening, sirloin steak on the BBQ and potato salad with mustard and dill - ideal wine, great value for <£6. Posh looking bottle, sophisticated taste, serve it and everybody will think you have spent >£10."
Mr Nigel Smith (18-May-2014)
"Nothing wrong with the wine, it is very drinkable...once you have removed the plastic cork, of which I have never been a fan. So far I have opened three bottles; the cork disapeared into the bottle neck on each occasion, wine spurted everywhere, including a white shirt I was wearing and I had employ great ingenuity in removing said cork on each occasion."
Mr Richard Wakeford (11-May-2014)
"Another example of the Society's ability to do Proper Wine for under £6. Soft, fruity and with a very typical raisiny note, as well as the sherbety acid top that makes Italian wines go so well with food. And 12.5% alcohol, so effortlessly well-balanced. A steal."
Mr Robert Dallas Gray (01-May-2014)
"Cherry scented with spices - slighty acid bite - as the pro review says, would go excellently with pizzas or tomato sauces. I think the trick here is down to the appassimento - was a bit underwhelmed by my second glass when the novelty had worn off - this wine has absolutely no length. Non the less this is excellent value for money and certainly a crowd-pleaser..."
Mr Daniel Davidson (27-Apr-2014)
"Gave this a go on the strength of some of the reviews below. Glad I did. Lovely cherry scented nose, much more depth and complexity than I'd expect from a sub £6 wine, especially after it has been open for a couple of hours. Another bargain everyday drinker from The Society."
Mr Matthew Huntingford (08-Mar-2014)
"This is indeed a good wine at a great price. Typical appassimentio style, but the dominant merlot certainly rounds it off a bit more than a soley corvina based wine. If you like this go for the torre del falasco rippasso and compare what a couple of pounds more gives you. I will certainly order again at some point. Would go great with fried liver or a rich tomato sauce based pasta al forno."
Mr Aron Hills (11-Feb-2014)
"Having been brought up in the 60's with thin stringy Italian reds this was a revelation. The Society offered us a Flavour of Italy Reds (sic) and I gave it a go. Second bottle in found this pleasing round flavoursome excellent value discovery. It has gone straight on to my Wish List. Ten more bottles sitting in the rack."
Mr Oswald C P Hoskyns (10-Feb-2014)
"2nd bottle so 2nd review. Seems to have improved a little. I wonder what it would be like in a year or so? I doubt I have the sufficient will-power to wait. This time opened 2 hours before serving and decanted. The result? Soft, approachable, delicious. Definitely a great bargain. The Wine Society's regional Italian reds really are one of it's strongest suits; astonishingly the regional whites are not far behind."
Mr Mark Jones (02-Feb-2014)
"Excellent wine for the price. Rich black forest gateaux-like cherries with a blackcurrant underpinning. Good length and medium weight but with a nice gentle tannic finish. Vibrant but not too sweet. Now please don't anyone else buy any more - I've only just dicsovered it."
Mr Mark Gibson (31-Jan-2014)
"I had my first bottle last week. I agree with one of the previous reviewers that it would have been preferable to have served it at room temperature (I forgot and left the bottle in the fridge for too long) and is probably at its best when opened beforehand and perhaps served from a jug. In any case it was very enjoyable and seemed to me good value for the price."
Mr David P Nunn (20-Jan-2014)
"Merlot nose with a hint of blackberry, but the taste is all ripe strawberry, lovely and smooth. Great value."
Mr Jon Milton (18-Jan-2014)
"Superb for the price."
Mr Adrian Holliday (16-Jan-2014)
"Well said Mr Mark Jones. For under £6 this delivers a level of smoothness and warm fruit which belies its 12.5% alcohol. A great wine? Of course not. But a great mid-week wine to match spag bol, cottage pie or whatever? You bet."
Mr Norman Thorp (13-Dec-2013)
"Gosh, this wine is becoming quite controversial! Either that or we are all drinking different wines. Let's put the record straight shall we? This wine is like a good Valpolicella Ripasso - very smooth and rich up front with a finish of bitter cherries. It is at least three pounds too cheap and is excellent value. The variation in reviews could be due to variation of quality in this vintage, and the only way to find out is to buy some more and taste it again, which I shall do. Needs to be served at room temperature and is best when it is left to breathe for a couple of hours. I had my bottle laid down for a couple of weeks and that may help settle it down a little."
Mr Mark Jones (08-Dec-2013)
"I'll chime in, given the mixed reviews. In my view, the humbler Italian reds can punch above their price point by virtue of presenting some - but not all - of the characteristics of their more expensive cousins. This manages to impress with a savoury, rather gamey nose, with strong spice and hints of herbal undergrowth. Now, notes of game and undergrowth are highly unusual and perhaps even impressive for a wine costing this little: it depends on whether such characteristics charm us. Because they charm me, I can forgive its narrow jamminess and short palate."
Mr Harry Purser (07-Dec-2013)
"Really do not understand the negative views here and I agree with Mr Hudson much more. This is a fantastic wine and given the price point even more so.
Was part of a case making up my first order from The Society and if this is indicative of the quality I've signed up to then I definitely made the correct choice switching from my previous supplier of choice."
Mr Stephen Markwell (09-Nov-2013)
"One is always on the lookout for some incredible bargain. This wine is initially very spicy on the nose, rather tarry on the palate. So far, so good. It then becomes rather thick and inert. It then too soon becomes too dry. Our overall view is that it flatters to deceive. Our view is not as hostile as the member who writes in brackets, but the Society has plenty of wines at this price point which are far better."
Professor John L Moles (05-Nov-2013)
"The wine world is a strange one, isn't it? We all know that. Certainly, price is a very poor guide. Whilst I type this I am listening to Radio Four telling us there is a world wine shortage of this complex wonder: a world of bottles and labels designed to seduce, of equally mutterings about tannins and acids and fruits and peppers and such like. Its WS representatives glowingly promoted this wine as 'seductive,' 'a cunning mix,' having an unexpected 'concentration' of fruit and amazing value. Really? (I often fall for such a patter.) Why not, I thought? Sounds like it's worth the fuss of an order and a delivery and the rest. We'll give half dozen bottles a try. However, I disliked it immediately I opened it and 'that aroma' hit my nostrils and then my taste buds. We'd been here before. I hoped time would deliver its familiar healing qualities. It didn't. And after 2-3 tries over the week, my wife has delivered an order: do not pour me that horrid stuff again! For God's sake just reduce the odds and pay more! It gives me a headache! " (She always says that, but this is only 12.5%.) Frankly, at £5.95, I don't care what is in it how it was produced and how the taste is supposedly enhanced by partly drying the fruit and that 'baccolo' brings me into the presence of gods who know a good thing when they gulp it down. At this price I just want to taste something satisfying as I sit and watch the news on TV or clatter away at my keyboard (as now). Cunning? Yes, someone has been ... I won't be taking any more. (Do the producers write the reviews, as on Amazon?)"
"This is a surprising wine. Due to the price I approached the first bottle with suspicion - waiting for a roughness to appear after the initial smooth taste. It didn't. Good wine for the price - and refreshingly lower alcohol than some of the competition with no loss of body."
Mr N Woollard (15-Oct-2013)
"I was at once enticed and made sceptical by the description of this wine as a 'mini-Amarone' - what a description! But a lot of pressure for a £6 wine to live up to. Tasting it, it is a food wine, meaning it has bright acidity and firm tannins, but that's not a bad thing. With every sip the wine impresses more, it genuinely has depth, complexity and length, great poise and finish, the last sub-£6 wine of such quality that I tasted was, surprise surprise from the Society, [that nice Old Vine Roussillon Carignan whose name I forget]. Rejoice wine-lovers, WS has done it again, this is an extraordinary wine at the price, it lives up to its billing, don't hesitate, it will sell out quickly, partly due to me!"
Mr Matthew Hudson (10-Oct-2013)
Hampstead & Highgate Express (28th Nov 2013)
"Bargain-priced and a
happy homage to Bacchus ...an appassimento parziale, a wine made from partly
dried grapes. Usually, this flavour-concentrating technique is seen in costly
Amarone; here it's in a £5.95 regional red from the same part of Italy, close
to Verona. Don't anticipate the depth and distinction of a fine Amarone, but
there is attractive firm cherry fruit with a gently bitter edge - a very decent
wine for pizzas and tomato-sauced pasta as well as to pour at parties. - Liz Sagues"
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I can't wait to tell you guys about this super awesome LOCAL service that I've discovered and instantly fallen in love with called Storytime Club. Even the name makes me so happy and in case the name hasn't given it away yet, this clever idea involves wonderful wonderful books, which in my opinion the more we have in the house the better, because both our kids love them.
So here's the really cool part, Storytime Club is a subscription-based book club for children, run by the lovely Liza West who is the genius behind this simple way to make sure that your kid's library is always full of new and amazing books. All you have to do is jump onto their website, choose your kid's age group and then every month a little package will arrive with three brand new storybooks especially for your little one and the best part is that the service is only R299 a month, which includes all three books and delivery!
I think all parents know how super pricey kids books can be (especially nice ones), I know that I look at books sometimes in the shops and think 'Man, that's a lot for a few pieces of paper, for that price this book better know how to babysit too!'
I'm really loving being a part of this club and the funny part is that I get as excited, if not even more excited than the kids when one of these packages arrives at the door. Children's books are like illustrative candy to me, I can't get enough. Maybe it's also because since Nina was born I haven't managed to get through even a third of an actual adults book! How people find time to read is beyond me, two words in and I'm sleeping like a well-fed baby bear.
Two more reasons why I love it is that I like giving books as a part of presents when we go to other kids parties, so what I'll do is keep two for Nina and then keep one aside to add to a gift. Books are always winners. The second reason, and again I know some parents will be nodding in agreement with me here, is it seems like kids like reading the same books over and over. Sometimes at bedtime, I will read the same book to Nina two times in a row, every night of the week. At least this way there are more options and I won't find myself reciting 'Hugless Douglas Needs A Hug' everytime my brain finds a bit of downtime!
Storytime Club has been one of my favourite local online finds and I really hope a few of you get behind it! It's a great service and the books that arrive every month, which are personally picked out by Liza are always really awesome.
Happy reading everyone!!!


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The 10 Best Humanities Textbooks
This wiki has been updated 10 times since it was first published in July of 2018. The humanities is a vast subject that encompasses those fields of study broadly concerned with our social condition, past and future, and the ways we understand what it means to be human. These textbooks will help you orient yourself in this extensive field, with choices for those who'd like a general overview as well as for those who are looking for something more discipline-specific. When users buy our independently chosen editorial picks, we may earn commissions to help fund the Wiki. Skip to the best humanities textbook on Amazon.
Thanks for reading the fine print. About the Wiki: We don't accept sponsorships, free goods, samples, promotional products, or other benefits from any of the product brands featured on this page, except in cases where those brands are manufactured by the retailer to which we are linking. For more information on our rankings, please read about us, linked below. The Wiki is a participant in associate programs from Amazon, Walmart, Ebay, Target, and others, and may earn advertising fees when you use our links to these websites. These fees will not increase your purchase price, which will be the same as any direct visitor to the merchant's website. If you believe that your product should be included in this review, you may contact us, but we cannot guarantee a response, even if you send us flowers.


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Conscious Pregnancy with Kundalini Yoga - Pregnancy and birthing in the modern day with ancient yogic ways and wisdom...
Introduction workshop: How and Why Kundalini prenatal Yoga & meditation will serve you and your baby before, during and after your pregnancy. What does it really mean to be a mother in the Aquarian Age. Discover what impact your thoughts and projections have on the baby?s subconscious mind and how you can conscious draw in a high vibrating soul. This 4 hour workshop includes a prenatal Kundalini Yoga set, Kundalini prenatal meditation, chanting, and an overview of the 4 week Conscious Pregnancy Kundalini Yoga workshop. The work shop will give you your first experience with Kundalini pre-natal yoga and give you a deep insight as to decide if the following workshop is of interest to you and your baby.
Date: Sunday 13th Feb 2011-01-11 8:30am-12:30pm
Location: Samadhi Centre Davenport St Southport. Books are essential!
Investment: $42 (no EFT available)
4 week Conscious Pregnancy Kundalini Prenatal Yoga & Meditation Workshop
4 sessions on a Sunday morning each class for 2-2.5 hours in duration (8:30am -11am). Every class will include a prenatal yoga class and meditation followed by a 30-50min presentation on the following for each week;
1. Giving birth to a giver, hero or everyday saint and the 120th day incarnation
2. Pregnancy massage-bring your birthing partner!
3. Breast feeding and breast feeding positions
4. The 40 day post partum blessings
Dates: 27thof Feb till 20thth March 8:30am - 11am
Location: Samadhi centre Davenport St Southport. Bookings are essential.
Investment: $160 Includes your own booklet of the yoga sets, meditations, mantras chanted and notes of the lecture.Birthing the Yogic way and partner support workshop: This workshop removes the fear of birthing via education of anatomy, the 3 stages of labour, discussion on perineum preparation, birthing positions and how your partner can support you, partner learns acupressure for labour support and pain relief! We use props for demonstrating how the baby descends through the pelvic cavity and have non-graphic pictures to deepen your understanding. This 4 hour workshop includes a support manual.
Dates: Sunday the 27th May 2011-01-11 8:30am - 12:30pm
Location: Samadhi centre Davenport St Southport Investment: $75 or all 3 workshops for a discounted investment of $250
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Product Details
When it's time to add Bluetooth to your existing LEDGlow Expandable Million Color Pro SMD LED Interior Lights kit, our Million Color LED Interior Control Box allows you to make that integration seamlessly. Through this control box you can experience the flexibility of operating your LED interior light kits via the Bluetooth connection on your smartphone, enjoying all the features of your truck or car interior light kit at your fingertips with this unique device.
The new LEDGlow Million Color LED Interior Control Box includes several new features making it a unique upgrade from the original control box. One of the most significant features is the fact that this slim control box is operated through your smartphone instead of a remote, which is made possible through LEDGlow's Automotive Control App which is compatible with iOS and Android devices and connects to the control box through your phone's Bluetooth signal. By using your smartphone, you are able to access several additional functions which allow even further customization of your Expandable Million Color Pro SMD LED Interior Lights kit.
One of the most noticeable additions through smartphone control is a Color Wheel that compliments your Million Color feature, enabling you to choose incredibly specific color patterns for your kit. This Color Wheel offers a nearly unlimited number of color combinations as well as Solid, Pulse, Sweeping, Color Chase and Flash Patterns. Through the automotive control app you can also choose from solid colors such as blue, red, green, pink, purple, teal, orange, violet, yellow and white as well as different shades of those colors. The Solid, Pulse, Sweeping, Color Chase and Flash Patterns will also react to the music playing inside of your car, courtesy of our Sound Activation Mode. Customize each lighting pattern by adjusting the speed levels to your preference, and experience the enhanced Million Color feature through the flexible strips which house the Pro Interior Kit's ultra-bright SMD LEDs. These eye-catching SMD LED strips will completely transform the look and feel of your car or truck.
This new LED light kit Bluetooth control box also gives you the option of Pre-Sets, which enable you to lock in specific color patterns of your choosing. The control box's upgrades also include the ability to operate your Strobe and Fading modes at the same time, along with Brightness and Speed adjustments, a Low Voltage Shut Off, and a Courtesy Light feature which illuminates the interior of your vehicle in bright white LEDs when you open your door.
There are other newer features available with this Bluetooth interior control box as well that make it a must have for your Pro Interior Kit, and all of these features will make it a fine addition to your automotive interior LED light kits.
Courtesy Lights
The control box features a white wire that connects to the dome light wire, allowing you to enable the courtesy lights mode. This mode automatically overrides any color or pattern with a solid white color, providing more visibility when getting in and out of the vehicle. The courtesy lights will only function whenever a door is opened or when the dome light is engaged.
Low Voltage Shut Off
The app features a low voltage shut off setting that helps conserve the life of the vehicle's battery. This feature automatically cuts power to the kit when the battery voltage reads less than 10 volts for more than 60 seconds.
4.0 Bluetooth Low Energy Technology
Easily pair your iOS or Android smartphone device to the control box through a secure, 4.0 Bluetooth Low Energy Connection. Using 4.0 BLE technology greatly reduces the power consumption, while maintaining a secure point-to-point communication range. Bluetooth technology also allows for a quick and easy automatic connection whenever the device is in range of the control box without having to re-pair the device to the control box.


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