text:
- © 2015 American Society of Plant Biologists. All Rights Reserved.
WRKY transcription factors (TFs) are well known for regulating plant abiotic and biotic stress tolerance. However, much less is known about how WRKY TFs affect plant-specialized metabolism. Analysis of WRKY TFs regulating the production of specialized metabolites emphasizes the values of the family outside of traditionally accepted roles in stress tolerance. WRKYs with conserved roles across plant species seem to be essential in regulating specialized metabolism. Overall, the WRKY family plays an essential role in regulating the biosynthesis of important pharmaceutical, aromatherapy, biofuel, and industrial components, warranting considerable attention in the forthcoming years.
Over the last 20 years, the WRKY transcription factor (TF) family has been well recognized for its role in regulating abiotic and biotic stress tolerance in plants. WRKY domain-containing genes comprise one of the largest TF families in plants and are characterized by a highly conserved WRKYGQK motif and a C2H2 or C2HC zinc finger (Eulgem et al., 2000). Ishiguro and Nakamura (1994) identified the first WRKY TF, SWEET POTATO FACTOR1 (SPF1), as a negative regulator of sporamin and β-amylase expression in sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas). Based on the lack of homologous genes, they speculated that SPF1 may be a new class of DNA-binding proteins. The following year, two additional WRKY TFs, ABF1 and ABF2, from wild oat (Avena fatua), helped solidify these genes as encoding a novel class of plant DNA-binding proteins (Rushton et al., 1995). In 1996, the function of the family was extended to plant defense with the discovery of three parsley (Petroselinum crispum) WRKYs that regulate the PATHOGENESIS RELATED1 promoter (Rushton et al., 1996). That study also clearly identified the core cis-element, (T)TGAC(C), also called the W-box, that is recognized by most WRKY TFs.
A seminal study was published in 2000 characterizing the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) WRKY family (Eulgem et al., 2000). The 72 members of the Arabidopsis WRKY family are phylogenetically classified into three major groups (groups I–III), with group II further divided into five subgroups (groups IIa–IIe). The phylogenetic information led to investigations about the origin of WRKY TFs. Early studies found that WRKYs exist in a limited number of protists, including Giardia lamblia and Dictyostelium discoideum, as well as the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (Zhang and Wang, 2005). Based on these species, early convention held that the ancestral WRKY gene belonged to the group I WRKY family (Wu et al., 2005; Zhang and Wang, 2005). A more recent study, however, determined that the ancestral WRKY gene most likely encodes a group IIc-like WRKY TF (Brand et al., 2013).
The first structure of the WRKY domain was published in 2005. Since then, the functions of key domain residues have been elucidated (Yamasaki et al., 2005; Duan et al., 2007). The globular WRKY domain is composed of five antiparallel β-strands, a Glu-Trp-Lys triad that stabilizes the structure, and the conserved Cys and His residues binding the Zn2+ ion (Duan et al., 2007). The WRKY domain forms a unique wedge shape that inserts perpendicularly into the major groove of the DNA (Yamasaki et al., 2012) and primarily binds the W-box element through the RKYGQ motif on the second β-strand (Duan et al., 2007; Brand et al., 2013). After elucidation of the WRKY domain structure, the GLIAL CELL MISSING1, FLYWCH, and Mutator-like element transposases from metazoans were identified as having similar protein structures to WRKY TFs (Yamasaki et al., 2005; Babu et al., 2006). These findings suggest that the ancestral WRKY gene encoded a BED finger-type DNA-binding protein that evolved from a C2H2 zinc finger gene. Structural data also led to the identification of another large group of plant TFs, the NO APICAL MERISTEM, ATAF1, and CUP-SHAPED COTYLEDON2 (NAC) family, that are structurally related to WRKYs (Yamasaki et al., 2008).
Since 1994, WRKY TFs have been found to play roles in plant tolerance to a variety of abiotic stresses, including wounding, drought, salt, heat, cold, and osmotic pressure, topics that have been extensively reviewed recently (Chen et al., 2012; Bakshi and Oelmüller, 2014; Tripathi et al., 2014). Arabidopsis WRKY45 mediates the expression of a transporter needed for phosphate acquisition, providing insight into how WRKYs manage plant tolerance to soil abiotic stress (Wang et al., 2014). Additionally, WRKYs function in biotic stress tolerance to numerous pathogens (Zheng et al., 2006; Pandey and Somssich, 2009; Ishihama and Yoshioka, 2012; Chen et al., 2013). WRKYs also have been found to be degraded by the 26S proteasome, divulging the role of proteolysis in regulating WRKY TF functions (Matsushita et al., 2012; Yu et al., 2013). The role of WRKYs in plant development, such as trichome and root hair formation, seed coat color, seed size, plant senescence, and male gametogenesis, is also well documented (Johnson et al., 2002; Robatzek and Somssich, 2002; Luo et al., 2005; Guan et al., 2014).
The involvement of WRKY TFs in numerous phytohormone signaling cascades involving abscisic acid, auxin, brassinosteroids, cytokinin, ethylene, jasmonate, and salicylic acid was recently reviewed (Rushton et al., 2012; Bakshi and Oelmüller, 2014). As salicylic acid and abscisic acid are intricately connected with plant defense and abiotic stress tolerance, respectively, much research has focused on these signaling cascades as regulators of WRKY factors (Yu et al., 2001; Rushton et al., 2012); yet, more recent efforts have focused on other phytohormones (Guo et al., 2014; Li et al., 2014; Schluttenhofer et al., 2014). An Arabidopsis mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling cascade, through MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE3 (MPK3)/MPK6 has been shown to regulate WRKY33 (Pecher et al., 2014), which activates the expression of two ethylene biosynthesis genes (Li et al., 2012). Arabidopsis WRKY57 is an important regulator balancing jasmonate and auxin signaling in leaf senescence by interacting with jasmonate zim-domain and auxin/indole-3-acetic acid proteins (Jiang et al., 2014).
THE PRESENT: WRKY TFs AS KEY REGULATORS OF SPECIALIZED METABOLISM
Plants are a rich source of specialized metabolites with antimicrobial and pharmaceutical properties (Fig. 1). However, several key plant-derived drugs are susceptible to shortages, drastically reducing the secure supply for patient treatment (Chabner, 2011). Therefore, developing methods to secure raw material supply and increase yield is essential. One approach is to use TFs to reengineer plants for increased metabolite production. The WRKY TF family is well known for the regulation of stress tolerance based on its association with numerous stress-related phenotypes and our understanding of the underlying mechanisms for stresses (Chen et al., 2012; Bakshi and Oelmüller, 2014; Tripathi et al., 2014). The relative ease of identifying mutant phenotypes in stress-response screens has been a key contributor to establishing the association of WRKYs with stress. In contrast, WRKY TFs have not commonly been considered key regulators of specialized metabolism because of (1) their known association with stress tolerance, (2) the emphasis on other characterized master regulators of specialized metabolism, such as basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) and ethylene response factors, (3) the difficulty of identifying metabolic mutant phenotypes, (4) the potential redundancy of multiple WRKY TF's regulating the same biosynthetic genes, and (5) a general lack of mechanistic understanding of the transcriptional regulation of specialized metabolism. Nevertheless, accumulating evidence suggests that certain WRKYs regulate the production of valuable natural products by regulating metabolite biosynthetic genes (Kato et al., 2007; Ma et al., 2009; Suttipanta et al., 2011). WRKYs regulating products from phenylpropanoids, alkaloids, and terpenes, the three major classes of plant metabolites, have been identified (Table I).
The phytohormone jasmonate is a key elicitor of specialized metabolism (Aerts et al., 1994; Singh et al., 1998; Qi et al., 2011; Lenka et al., 2012), primarily through the induction of key TFs, such as MYC2 and ethylene response factors, that regulate the biosynthetic genes (van der Fits and Memelink, 2000; Shoji et al., 2010; Shoji and Hashimoto, 2011; Zhang et al., 2011; Patra et al., 2013; Schweizer et al., 2013; Sears et al., 2014). Study of the grape (Vitis vinifera) WRKY family found that 80% of WRKY genes are jasmonate responsive (Guo et al., 2014). Recently, bioinformatics and comparative genomics approaches to identify jasmonate-inducible WRKY transcriptions in Arabidopsis and Catharanthus roseus uncovered the association of WRKY TFs with jasmonate in the production of specialized metabolites (Schluttenhofer et al., 2014).
WRKYs Regulating Phenylpropanoid Pathways
WRKY TFs have been found to regulate the production of a variety of phenolic compounds, including lignin (Naoumkina et al., 2008; Guillaumie et al., 2010; Wang et al., 2010). As lignin is derived from the same phenylpropanoid pathway as other specialized metabolites, it is likely that WRKYs regulating lignin production or deposition may also directly or indirectly affect flux through the phenylpropanoid pathway, resulting in altered biosynthesis of other phenolic-based compounds (e.g. flavonoids, lignans, etc.; Besseau et al., 2007). This is supported by the observation that orthologs of WRKYs regulating lignin production also control the biosynthesis of other specialized metabolites (Table I; Supplemental Table S1). Four Medicago truncatula WRKY TFs, each individually overexpressed in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum), demonstrate that multiple WRKY TFs can affect the accumulation of the same metabolites (Naoumkina et al., 2008). M. truncatula SECONDARY WALL THICKENING IN PITH (STP) and its Arabidopsis ortholog, WRKY12, illustrate that WRKY TFs involved in plant metabolism can have conserved roles across species (Wang et al., 2010). Studies on OsWRKY89 and VvWRKY2 indicate how modulating specialized metabolism regulation may also alter plant physiology and crop performance (Wang et al., 2007; Guillaumie et al., 2010).
In addition to lignin, WRKYs control the production of flavonol and tannin compounds, also derived from the phenylpropanoid pathway. Flavonols, particularly kaempferol and quercetin, can function as polar auxin transport inhibitors (Brown et al., 2001; Peer et al., 2004), thus connecting specialized metabolism to phytohormone signaling. Arabidopsis WRKY23 regulates the production of flavonols in an auxin-inducible manner and illustrates how metabolites can have a negative feedback on phytohormone signaling (Grunewald et al., 2012). The first WRKY characterized in regulating specialized metabolism was AtWRKY44, also called TRANSPARENT TESTA GLABRA2. AtWRKY44 regulates the production of proanthocyanins, a subset of tannin compounds, and pectinaceous seed mucilage (Johnson et al., 2002). The expression of AtWRKY44 is governed by a MYB-bHLH-WD40 TF complex that is a key regulator of anthocyanin production (Ishida et al., 2007), indicating the interconnections of WRKY TFs with other networks regulating specialized metabolism. Together, these findings indicate the incorporation of WRKY TFs into multiple TF and hormone signaling networks.
WRKYs Regulating Alkaloid Pathways
WRKYs have emerged as key regulators of alkaloid metabolism. Analysis of Catharanthus spp. terpene indole alkaloid (TIA) biosynthetic gene promoters revealed that W-boxes are a commonly present cis-element, suggesting that WRKY TFs are important in regulating alkaloid production (Suttipanta et al., 2011). At least 25% of WRKY TFs in Catharanthus spp. are jasmonate response factors and could potentially regulate TIA biosynthesis (Schluttenhofer et al., 2014). CrWRKY1 from C. roseus directly regulates the expression of TRYPTOPHAN DECARBOXYLASE, the enzyme synthesizing the indolic tryptamine precursor (Suttipanta et al., 2011). Additionally, metabolites from two branches of the TIA pathway, catharanthine and serpentine, accumulate differently in CrWRKY1 RNA interference lines of hairy root cultures, indicating that CrWRKY1 regulates genes governing metabolite flux within the pathway. Analysis of the CrWRKY1 promoter reveals cis-elements for bHLH, DNA binding with one finger, MYB, and TGACG sequence-specific binding protein TFs, suggesting that additional transfactors with greater pathway hierarchy may regulate this gene (Yang et al., 2013).
Similar to TIA, benzylisoquinoline alkaloids (BIAs) also are regulated by WRKY TFs. Coptis japonica WRKY1 dictates the expression of nine genes involved in berberine biosynthesis but does not appear to have an effect on primary metabolism (Kato et al., 2007). Importantly, this finding illustrates that WRKY TFs are capable of up-regulating entire specialized metabolic pathways. More recently, a WRKY from opium poppy (Papaver somniferum) was found to bind to the TYROSINE DECARBOXYLASE promoter and possibly to regulate BIA production (Mishra et al., 2013). That study also found that W-boxes are present in the seven available BIA gene promoters. Heterologous expression of Arabidopsis AtWRKY1 in California poppy (Eschscholzia californica) affects the accumulation of sanguinarine and chelirubine (Apuya et al., 2008). Therefore, one way to engineer a plant, which synthesizes valuable compounds but is hindered by the limited availability of pathway information, is to express WRKY TF genes with known roles in governing specialized metabolism.
Camalexin is a primary defense metabolite in Arabidopsis and is governed by a set of MAPK cascades through MPK3/MPK6 and MPK4. MPK3/MPK6 directly phosphorylates WRKY33, which proceeds to activate PHYTOALEXIN DEFICIENT3, a key gene in camalexin biosynthesis (Ren et al., 2008; Mao et al., 2011). In the MPK4-WRKY33 cascade, MPK4 interacts with VQ MOTIF-CONTAINING PROTEIN21, and phosphorylation of the VQ protein destabilizes the complex, releasing WRKY33 (Qiu et al., 2008b; Petersen et al., 2010). These results emphasize the role of phosphorylation and protein complexes in regulating WRKY TF activity. VQ proteins, which interact with the WRKY domain, thus inhibiting TF-DNA binding, appear to be key regulators of group I and group IIc WRKYs activities (Petersen et al., 2010; Cheng et al., 2012; Chi et al., 2013) and also are likely to be important regulators of specialized metabolism. In Arabidopsis, MPK3 and MPK6 are important in regulating VQ-WRKY protein interactions (Lai et al., 2011; Pecher et al., 2014). In Catharanthus spp., phosphorylation regulates TIA biosynthesis, part of which occurs through the MAPK CrMPK3, an ortholog of Arabidopsis MPK3 (Raina et al., 2012). The work on CrMPK3 suggests that additional WRKY TFs, and probably VQ proteins, are involved in regulation of the TIA pathway.
WRKYs Regulating Terpene Pathways
While considerably less is known about the transcriptional regulatory networks governing terpene synthesis (Patra et al., 2013), the majority of regulators identified are WRKY TFs. Other than in Arabidopsis, early work established the role of WRKY TFs in the regulation of specialized metabolism in cotton (Gossypium arboreum; Xu et al., 2004). GaWRKY1 regulates a sesquiterpene cyclase at a pathway branch point leading to the production of gossypol, an antifeedant phytoalexin. Recently, the Gossypium raimondii WRKY family was characterized, which identified seven WRKY TFs primarily expressed in fiber trichomes (Cai et al., 2014). In plants, trichomes are a major site of specialized metabolite production. In tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), SlWRKY73 was found to activate the expression of three monoterpene synthase genes, suggesting that a single WRKY can regulate multiple distinct biosynthetic pathways (Spyropoulou et al., 2014). In Artemisia annua, biosynthesis of the antimalarial drug artemisinin, also produced in trichomes, is regulated by AaWRKY1 (Ma et al., 2009). Recently, the yield of artemisinin in a high-yielding cultivar of A. annua was doubled by overexpressing AaWRKY1 (Han et al., 2014). That work provides compelling evidence that WRKYs can be used successfully to engineer metabolic pathways. Interestingly, in spite of increased artemisinin yield, only one pathway gene was significantly up-regulated in the AaWRKY1 overexpression lines, demonstrating the dramatic outcomes of overcoming a bottleneck in the pathway. Similarly, TcWRKY1 from Taxus chinensis fine-tunes the expression of a rate-limiting gene in the pathway for production of the anticancer drug paclitaxel, commonly called taxol (Li et al., 2013). Together, the studies on AaWRKY1 and TcWRKY1 suggest that WRKY TFs can control critical rate-limiting steps in metabolic pathways.
Rice (Oryza sativa) produces terpenes for defense to pathogens and herbivores. OsWRKY45 is a positive regulator of momilactone, phytocassane, and oryzalexin accumulation by priming biosynthetic gene expression (Akagi et al., 2014). Similarly, rice OsWRKY53 enhances the production of momilactones (Chujo et al., 2014). Overexpression of OsWRKY13 up-regulates genes in the phenylpropanoid pathway while down-regulating those for terpenoid biosynthesis, illustrating the potential of WRKY TFs to differentially modulate discrete classes of metabolites (Qiu et al., 2008a). Both OsWRKY53 and Nicotiana benthamiana WRKY8 (Ishihama et al., 2011) are phosphorylated by the MPK3/MPK6 cascade. Rice OsWRKY76 activates cold stress tolerance but represses terpene synthesis (Yokotani et al., 2013). OsWRKY76 also suppresses production of the phenylpropanoid sakuranetin. As these four WRKYs are responsive to the pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae, these findings suggest the existence of a complex, interconnected signaling network governing within an individual specialized metabolite pathway.
A major engineering problem with plants synthesizing valuable natural products is the long life cycle and resilience to stable transformations. In such species, the correlation of gene expression with metabolite accumulation provides an opportunity to identify important components of the metabolic pathway. The expression of two WRKY TFs has been associated with increased biosynthesis of natural rubber, a polyisoprenoid derived from wounding the bark of the tropical tree Hevea brasiliensis (Zhang et al., 2012; Wang et al., 2013b). Recent characterization of the H. brasiliensis WRKY family identified three WRKYs regulating the expression of the SMALL RUBBER PARTICLE PROTEIN, which binds rubber for storage (Li et al., 2014). An American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius) WRKY TF, PqWRKY1, is associated with increased production of ginsenosides, a group of triterpene compounds (Sun et al., 2013). Heterologous expression of WRKY genes in fast-growing model systems can aid functional characterization. Ectopic expression of PqWRKY1 in Arabidopsis up-regulates triterpene biosynthetic genes, suggesting that WRKYs are capable of regulating metabolic pathways in other species. Collectively, these studies suggest that expression-metabolite association and heterologous gene expression techniques are useful methods to identify WRKY TFs regulating specialized metabolism in long-lived plant species.
Orthologs of WRKYs in Specialized Metabolism
Predicted orthologs of several WRKY TFs have been demonstrated to regulate specialized metabolism in multiple plant species (Supplemental Tables S1 and S2). Three WRKYs regulating phenylpropanoids are orthologs of HbWRKY41. HbWRKY33 and TcWRKY1, regulating terpene biosynthesis, have an ortholog that regulates lignin biosynthesis. While AtWRKY1 regulates alkaloid accumulation in California poppy, its ortholog, HbWRKY1, affects rubber accumulation. CrWRKY1 and OsWRKY45 are orthologous proteins regulating TIA and diterpenes in C. roseus and rice, respectively. GaWKRY1 and OsWRKY76 are predicted orthologs but display an antagonistic function in regulating terpene biosynthesis. AaWRKY1 and WRKY109669 are predicted orthologs affecting artemisinin (Ma et al., 2009) and lignin biosynthesis (Naoumkina et al., 2008), respectively. Importantly, six WRKY TFs predicted as orthologs (AtWRKY33, NbWRKY8, OsWRKY53, PsWRKY1, VvWRKY2, and WRKY108715) have independently been found to regulate specialized metabolism (Table I; Supplemental Table S1). Duplicate WRKYs of this group function to regulate the biosynthesis of alkaloids, terpenes, and phenylpropanoids (Naoumkina et al., 2008; Guillaumie et al., 2010; Ishihama et al., 2011; Mao et al., 2011; Mishra et al., 2013; Chujo et al., 2014). Therefore, orthologs of the MPK3/MPK6-AtWRKY33 signaling cascade may be key factors in the regulation of specialized metabolism. Overall, these results reinforce the idea of conserved functions among at least some WRKY TFs. However, other WRKYs involved in specialized metabolism possibly possess species-specific roles (Table I). Collectively, these findings suggest that a core set of WRKYs may be highly conserved in the regulation of specialized metabolism, whereas others may play more restricted roles.
The identification of WRKY TFs regulating specialized metabolism in more species is essential to determine WRKYs with conserved or unique functions. Genomes of several species known for producing valuable compounds have recently been sequenced (Shulaev et al., 2011; Krishnan et al., 2012; Wang et al., 2012; Nystedt et al., 2013; Denoeud et al., 2014; Myburg et al., 2014). The tropical tree neem (Azadirachta indica) produces an array of metabolites with antibiotic, anticancer, and antifeedant properties (Atawodi and Atawodi, 2009) that have applications in pest control (Gahukar, 2014). Flax (Linum usitatissimum) produces podophyllotoxins, precursors used to synthesize the valuable anticancer compounds etoposide and teniposide (Schmidt et al., 2012). Coffee (Coffea canephora and Coffea arabica) synthesizes phenylpropanoids and alkaloids that impact product quality (Franca et al., 2005; Denoeud et al., 2014). Several coffee WRKY TFs have already been identified (Ramiro et al., 2010). Strawberry (Fragaria vesca) is a rich source of anthocyanins and ellagitannins. Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus grandis) and Norway spruce (Picea abies) are desirable timber trees that produce terpene-rich oils with economic importance to the pharmaceutical and aromatherapy industries. We identified a number of WRKY orthologs in these plant species in order to elucidate their roles in regulating specialized metabolism (Supplemental Tables S1 and S2). There are 69, 49, 76, 54, 101, and 60 WRKY TFs in neem, coffee, eucalyptus, strawberry, flax, and spruce, respectively (Fig. 2). Characterization of these orthologs and those from other reported families (Supplemental Table S3) will strengthen our ability to improve natural products from these crops while enhancing our knowledge of WRKY TF function.
Biological Relevance of WRKY-Regulated Specialized Metabolites
WRKY TFs regulate a diverse array of plant-specialized metabolites that pertain to a broad assortment of biological functions. Biosynthesis of the metabolites listed in Table I is associated with WRKY TFs. In Arabidopsis, camalexin has antifungal properties and aids defense against pathogens including Botrytis cinerea, Alternaria brassicicola, and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Thomma et al., 1999; Ferrari et al., 2007; Stotz et al., 2011). Berberine, catharanthine, gossypol, momilactones, phytocassanes, and sanguinarine also have antimicrobial properties and confer tolerance to plant pathogens (Stermitz et al., 2000; Puckhaber et al., 2002; Umemura et al., 2003; Fukuta et al., 2007; Roepke et al., 2010; Obiang-Obounou et al., 2011). In addition to the involvement in auxin signaling (Brown et al., 2001; Buer and Muday, 2004), flavonols are protectants against UV light stress (Li et al., 1993; Bieza and Lois, 2001; Emiliani et al., 2013) and herbivores (Wuyts et al., 2006a; Onkokesung et al., 2014). AtWRKY23 functions in regulating flavonol production (Grunewald et al., 2012) and nematode resistance (Grunewald et al., 2008). Gossypol, another antifeedant compound, deters herbivores, including cotton bollworm (Heliothis armigera) and tobacco budworm (Heliothis virescens; Stipanovic et al., 2008; Kong et al., 2010). OsWRKY13, OsWRKY45, OsWRKY53, and OsWRKY76 regulate the synthesis of the allelopathic diterpene momilactone (Fukuta et al., 2007; Kato-Noguchi et al., 2008). The biopolymer lignin, critical for plant rigidity, also deters herbivory (Wuyts et al., 2006b) and defends against microbes (Xu et al., 2011). Collectively, specialized metabolites regulated by WRKY TFs contribute to overall plant fitness by enhancing tolerance to various abiotic and biotic stresses.
Significant progress has been made in understanding the role of WRKY TFs over the last two decades; however, much more waits to be explored. Clearly, the regulation of specialized metabolism by WRKY TFs is highly integrated into plant defense. Understanding WRKY regulation will unravel the little-known but highly intricate regulatory network that governs plant health and metabolic diversity. In the future, we envision several major areas of research that will contribute significantly to understanding WRKY involvement in specialized metabolism.
(1) No study has specifically focused on determining the number of TFs involved in specialized metabolism. Evidence from the more thoroughly characterized R2R3-MYB and bHLH families suggests that approximately 23% and 12% of the subgroups, respectively, regulate specialized metabolism (Feller et al., 2011). By contrast, we determined up to 43% of the WRKY ortholog clusters involved in the biosynthesis of specialized metabolites (Supplemental Table S1). Future efforts should focus on determining how many different WRKY TFs within a given species regulate specialized metabolite biosynthesis, although this could be complicated by the type and size of the pathway of interest. Many plants, such as Catharanthus spp., possess complex specialized metabolic pathways that produce structurally similar compounds. In such plants, it will be interesting to explore whether expressing WRKY genes from foreign species can differentially modulate biosynthetic genes, leading to the synthesis of novel specialized metabolites with pharmaceutical potential. Identification of all the WRKYs involved in specialized metabolism is essential to unraveling the interwoven networks connecting the syntheses of natural products.
(2) Understanding how the numerous WRKYs of a family differentially regulate unique sets of target genes has long been a major enigma and is just now starting to be deciphered. Previously, only the C-terminal domain of group I WRKY TFs was known to bind DNA; however, recently, this function was extended to the N-terminal WRKY domain (Brand et al., 2013). How dual WRKY domains affect DNA binding and what role each plays in gene regulation necessitate further study. Furthermore, over the last several years, WRKYs have been found to recognize less stringent cis-elements than were suspected previously (Brand et al., 2013). WRKY interactions with VQ proteins, calmodulin, histone deacetylases, and phosphorylation (Kim et al., 2008; Mao et al., 2011; Chi et al., 2013) indicate posttranslational modifications in regulating WRKY TF activity. Many other proteins are anticipated to be involved in the interactions and regulation of WRKY TFs. Identification of these factors and their functions will help further elucidate where WRKYs function in the grand signaling hierarchy of plant-specialized metabolism.
(3) In the future, the ability to use phylogenetic information to predict the functions of WRKYs, especially those in nonmodel plants, and to identify those with novel regulatory roles will be beneficial to crop genetic manipulation for the production of specialized metabolites. With ease of access to sequenced plant genomes, WRKY families have been identified in many plants (Supplemental Table S3). To date, studies involving the complementation of WRKY function between species have been mainly restricted to model plants. The conserved function of WRKY genes and the activation of similar target genes between species are known (Proietti et al., 2011) but only beginning to be understood. Similarly, although functional redundancy is well known in the WRKY family (Jiang and Deyholos, 2009), predicting which TFs perform overlapping roles is still primarily conjecture. Identifying potentially functionally redundant WRKYs may be improved by utilizing programs that categorize groups of orthologous sequences (e.g. OrthoMCL). Understanding and accurately predicting each WRKY's function will aid the identification of orthologous factors that will improve the engineering of less characterized medicinal species.
(4) Many key features of the evolution of the WRKY family still need to be resolved. For example, why do certain species undergo increased expansion of one specific subgroup compared with other WRKY groups? While WRKY TFs have been shown to arise from tandem and segmental gene duplication events in rice (Wu et al., 2005), differential expression, not sequence divergence, probably led to most WRKY family diversification (Babu et al., 2006). WRKYs have been proposed to play a role in preventing stress as plants emerged from aquatic environments (Wen et al., 2014), but more studies are hastily needed to determine which WRKY members were involved and what functions they possess. Equally important is to identify which core set of these genes were present in ancestral plants and the function of WRKYs in algae. The sole group I WRKY identified from C. reinhardtii is orthologous to Arabidopsis WRKY33, which functions in diverse hormone, stress, and metabolic pathways (Zheng et al., 2006; Jiang and Deyholos, 2009; Li et al., 2011, 2012; Birkenbihl et al., 2012; Logemann et al., 2013; Wang et al., 2013a; Schluttenhofer et al., 2014). C. reinhardtii WRKY1, therefore, may be an early WRKY mediating cross-talk between pathways in the alga. Further supporting the hypothesis that WRKYs played an ancient role in modulating metabolism, a group I-like WRKY from G. lamblia functions downstream of a MAPK cascade to regulate cyst cell wall formation (Pan et al., 2009). Understanding WRKY family evolution will reveal the extent, when, and how WRKYs specifically contributed to the rise of plant-specialized metabolism.
(5) While the number of WRKY TFs known to regulate specialized metabolism has increased appreciably over the past several years, much remains to be learned about how they function with other TFs in regulatory networks. Currently, minimal information is available on where WRKYs fall in the regulatory hierarchy in specialized metabolism. CrWRKY1 regulates the expression of several key TFs involved in TIA biosynthesis (Suttipanta et al., 2011). Additionally, AtWRKY33, NbWRKY8, and OsWRKY45 are targets of MAPK cascades (Andreasson et al., 2005; Qiu et al., 2008b; Mao et al., 2011; Ueno et al., 2013), further suggesting that some WRKYs may function as top-level regulators of specialized metabolism. AtWRKY23 functions downstream of auxin-response factors to synthesize flavonols that are induced to abate auxin signaling (Grunewald et al., 2012). Furthermore, OsWRKY13 regulates over 500 genes, including 39 TFs, and binds the promoters of other WRKY TFs (Qiu et al., 2009). While exceptions probably exist, WRKY TFs, thus far, appear to be key top-tier factors directly regulating the biosynthesis of specialized metabolism.
The year 2014 marks two decades since the discovery of the first WRKY, a major milestone in TF research. Over the last score of years, various research groups have identified many WRKY TF families (Supplemental Table S3), and we have learned a considerable amount about how WRKYs function. In the past, most studies have been focused on WRKY TFs in plant defense against abiotic and biotic stresses; however, a neglected role of this family is in regulating specialized metabolism. Future work will entail defining which WRKYs do what task as well as elucidating the mechanisms that govern each TF, which will likely vary between species. As WRKY TFs are essential to plant-specialized metabolism, understanding their functions will provide ways to successfully reengineer medicinal species to provide continuous and higher yielding materials for drug synthesis. Elucidating how WRKYs regulate metabolism thus is critical not only for improving crop stress tolerance but also for increasing the production of valuable plant-derived natural products.
Supplemental Data
The following supplemental materials are available.
Supplemental Table S1. Orthologs of WRKY TFs involved in specialized metabolism.
Supplemental Table S2. WRKY TF sequences from species producing valuable metabolites.
Supplemental Table S3. List of reported WRKY TF families.
- transcription factor
- bHLH
- basic helix-loop-helix
- terpene indole alkaloid
- benzylisoquinoline alkaloid
- Received October 16, 2014.
- Accepted December 8, 2014.
- Published December 10, 2014.


text:
Toggle navigation
Get Involved
From a horse drawn steam pumper fire engine to police badges and military patches, the collection holdings at the Wyandotte County Museum are vast and varied. The history of Wyandotte County can be viewed in our artifacts highlighted in our permanent exhibition spaces. Our oldest artifacts belong to the Trowbridge collection, originating from the Hopewell culture, over 3000 years ago. We have a vast collection of Native American artifacts as well as county items from individuals, businesses and organizations.
In addition to objects, there is an immense collection of historic photographs, books, journals and other archival materials in the Barton P. Cohen Research Library.
The museum has holdings of over 75,000 artifacts and as is customary with museums, most artifacts are stored for preservation. If you are interested in donating a Wyandotte County artifact to the museum, please contact staff prior to delivery to ensure that it fits within our collecting mission.
No data found

subset: commoncrawl


text:
A journalist is a person who collects information and disseminates them to the mass people or audience. The journalist collects news about current events, people and issues. They collect information and report them to the media house that telecast or print them. Journalists belong to both print and broadcast media. Reporters are a type of journalists. Apart from that, columnists, editors are all journalists.
Sample Journalist CV Template
Richard Dilton
Francis Road
Ireland – 86567
Phone: 85-754-23
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Career Objective:
I possess effective communication skills and have good experience of professional journalism. I have fluency in language and also have a good awareness of the surroundings and a good knowledge base. I have the efficiency to perform duties well and complete assigned tasks.
Professional Experience:
2007-Present: City Center TV
- Researched on the required topics and gathered information on the diverse issues and happenings of the city.
- Also edited articles for regional issues papers sometimes.
- Written and prepared reports and scripts of the news slots and events.
- Write news stories for publications and broadcasts.
- Arranged interviews with important people.
- Edited errors in articles and news stories.
- Gathered information through interviews, reporting and sources.
Educational Qualification:
2000-2003: Bachelors in Mass Communication, Institute of Mass Communication Studies.
2003-2005: Masters in Mass Communication, Institute of Mass Communication Studies.
Professional reference will be added upon request.


text:
Mishi Khan accused of robbery
Pakistani renowned actress, host and film star Mishi Khan has been accused of burglary.
Sources say, that a businessman from Islamabad named, Jawad Safi Khwaja has accused Mishi Khan of stealing valuables from his apartment.
Khwaja who is a well known businessman in Islamabad, lodged a complaint against the TV star, accusing her of stealing cash worth Rs, 5 lakhs, 20 gm gold bracelet along with three rings and an expensive Rado wristwatch.
According to Jawad Safi Khwaja, Mishi Khan was aware of where the valuables were because she visited his apartment quite frequently and was with him in the apartment the day he placed those valuable items in his cupboard.
The building's security guards confirm seeing Mishi Khan leaving with two shopping bags in her hand.
Khwaja tried to contact Mishi Khan, but was sent back with offensive language and threats from her side.
The Police SP confirmed the complaint registered against Mishi Khan and said that further action can be taken against the accused, if the complainant is willing.
However, Mishi Khan has denied these allegations, saying that it has become a trend to use celebrity names and create scandals to get famous. She denied even knowing anyone by the name of Jawad Safi Khawaja who has lodged the complaint against her.
'God has blessed me with everything I need and I need nothing else. Why I will get so meager amount from anybody,' she remarked.
Check out the famous Mishi Khan song – Mere Mahiya
[youtube WiOj0qNNNc8&]


text:
- 5 beds
- $699,000 price
- 443167 mls id
- Square Feet: 4,237 sqft
- Year Built: 2015
NEW CONSTRUCTION & Rare Opportunity to implement your family's unique character, instead of adopting somebody's style. This Neo-Prairie style home of over 5,000 sq.ft on 2.365 acres offers new upscale, structurally sound & sophisticated 5BR, 4BA, 3 car garage for those who dream of personal touch to the home's interior. Lake-living appeal w/navy blue siding & window walls transit the light energy creating a concept of an island getaway. It is designed to give owners much needed privacy in this area of wood surrounded miniature-meadow scenery. Master suite includes dressing room of 19x12 & a flex space that can serve as home office, family room or other purposes depending on family needs. Guest suite is well separated & offers guests courtyard views & access. Kitchen while open to the rest of the house also opens up to a beautiful long & curvy driveway. An opening of 7ft wide natural red oak wood stairway leads to second floor 3BR, 2BA with media/game room.
- Site Link
- Style Other Style
Courtesy of: Affiliated
Office Phone: +15174391000
Listing Agent: Michele Cihak
Updated: 6th April, 2020 12:48 PM.
16670 Lakeshore Road Union Pier, MI


text:
Valaida Fullwood, is a founding member of Charlotte's New Generation of African American Philanthropists giving circle as well as a member of the CIN board since 2009. Yet, she is becoming most recognizable as the author of Giving Back: A Tribute to Generations of African American Philanthropists. In late December, Valaida answered the following questions, from Chad Jones.
CJ: What have been three highlights of 2012?
VF: It seems 2012 was overflowing with remarkable experiences. If I must choose only three, the ones that stand out at this moment are:
- Co-presenting with Charles Thomas, photographer of Giving Back, at a book talk hosted by the National Center for Civil and Human Rights in Atlanta. It was one of our first and largest book events.
- Participating as a featured speaker at the Bay Area Blacks in Philanthropy State of the
Race Conference in San Francisco, where I was introduced by Dr. Emmett Carson, CEO of Silicon Valley Community Foundation and an international leader in the field of philanthropy.
- Learning that Giving Back won the 2012 McAdam Book Award as "the best new book for the nonprofit sector." I feel forever indebted to the Alliance for Nonprofit Management for acknowledging the work we poured into our book and its potential uses as a tool to educate, enlighten and engage nonprofit organizations and the public, in general.
CJ: I have heard you mention Absalom Jones repeatedly when you talk about the long history of philanthropy in black communities. What is it about Absalom that catches your eye?
VF: Yeah, I must confess a "history crush" on both Absalom Jones and Richard Allen who were co-founders of the Free African Society, an early mutual aid society. I admire their vision and courage. They triumphed over slavery and their lifetime of accomplishments speaks volumes about how brilliant, charismatic, tenacious, self-determined and generous they were.
Accounts of Jones and Allen during the Yellow Fever Epidemic of 1793 and as founders of independent black churches are inspiring. While they have yet to receive the recognition they deserve, I acknowledge these men as significant framers of American philanthropy.
CJ: You have already run two printings of Giving Back. When can we anticipate a third version?
VF: Giving Back resonates with readers and it is often given as a gift. Many of our book buyers have purchased it in bulk, ordering 25 to 50 copies at a time to give away to board members, congregants, youth and others. We're grateful our collection of stories about black philanthropy and tributes to African American givers has such appeal.
A third printing by spring 2013 would be amazing, particularly since Giving Back is an independently published book without benefit of a conventional publishing powerhouse to market and promote it.
I've read that the average U.S. book sells only about 250 copies a year and fewer than 3,000 copies over its lifetime. A third printing in less than two years would place Giving Back in the upper echelons, in terms of book sales.
CJ: Explain the finances of publishing a book — how much does each book cost? How long does it take to get the printed copies?
VF: That's complicated. The publishing industry in the midst of a transformation, and thus options for getting a book published are constantly changing. Beyond writing and printing a book, it is vital to think big picture by factoring in the time and expense of marketing, selling and distributing the publication as well.
I learned early on in my book writing experience that there are two main paths to getting a book published. There is the path of a commercial publishing contract with a publisher and then there's the path of independent publishing that offers authors an increasingly wide range of options.
With Giving Back, we took the independent publishing route. Over a four-year period, sponsors, donors and New Generation of African American Philanthropists contributed roughly $100,000 to develop and publish the book. If Giving Back were not a philanthropic endeavor, its list price would likely be double the current price. Altruism defines the book, so it was important to us to keep it affordable and thereby accessible to a wide array of people.
After completing the manuscript, we were keen to produce a meticulously edited book of high aesthetic quality. Intense sums up that process, which took about seven months.
CJ: Tell one extraordinary story of who has bought books?
VF: It feels like heaven when I learn that anyone has bought the book. This entire experience has amazed me. I relish stories from readers about how they heard about Giving Back and why they bought it and how it affected them.
One woman, who attended a book talk a year ago, recently shared what the themes and stories of Giving Back mean to her. She told me that she keeps the book displayed on a stand in her office. And because she works in the philanthropic field, she and her colleagues frequently say, "where's the book" or "go get the book" when they what to refer to it for inspiration or quotes.
She also recounted how she landed her current job after carrying Giving Back to her job interview. During the interview, she spoke about why the book's content and themes are important to community building and philanthropy. And since she is not of African descent, her story illustrates how Giving Back strikes chords that transcend race and resonate broadly.
CJ: Your mother has attended multiple book events, and your ancestors are often mentioned in your book talks. What has your family had to say about the reception you have received since releasing Giving Back?
VF: After enduring almost five years of my singular obsession, my family is just relieved it's finally published. (Laughter)
In all seriousness, my family is as thrilled as I am. My parents have been unbelievably supportive and so has my sister Diatra. The same is true of my dearest friends. I couldn't have created the book without them and the rewards wouldn't be as sweet without being able to share them with family and friends.
Yes, my mother enjoys joining me on book-related trips. She knows book events require a lot of organizing and attention to details, so she likes to help me out. Plus, she loves traveling nearly as much as I do.
CJ: What are you reading these days?
VF: What! Are you kidding me? I'm barely able to read my emails.
CJ: What are two experiences that have fundamentally changed your life or altered who you are?
VF: Being an exchange student to La Paz, Bolivia at 17 years old was the defining experience of my life. I had always been fascinated with languages and longed to travel. My first trip out of the U.S. changed everything.
Coming from a small town in the western hills of North Carolina, nearly everything in La Paz was different from what I'd ever known. Living in one of the world's poorest countries. Navigating a bustling capital city. Residing with a divorced, single mom with four children … five counting me. Learning to speak Spanish. Attending a German-language school.
The experience flung open my mind, led me to major in International Studies with a focus on developing economies, ushered me into jobs in the global arena, and set my wanderlust aflame.
The second experience occurred about 16 years ago when a seasoned writer, whose work I admired, told me that I was an exceptional writer with a distinctive voice.
CJ: Give us a glimpse into what is in store for you in 2013?
VF: I only wish I had a crystal ball to see what 2013 holds for me.
If I could conjure up a spectacular year, it would include a steady stream of speaking engagements around the globe; a series of jobs that allow me to write about interesting topics and people; new experiences to stretch and polish my skills; and opportunities to expand the Giving Back Project in ways that realize the vision of New Generation of African American Philanthropists.


text:
Speakersbase is happy to announce that we have started with our PRO project! In it, we will be helping a small selection of hand-picked experts to get on stage more. Get to know the PROs! Today: Cyriel Kortleven!
Cyriel Kortleven is a passionate, energetic, and seasoned public speaker, who has a mission: to inspire thousands of people, and to help them change the way they approach life and business. "I want to spread my message in a simple and pragmatic way, to the largest possible audience. Worldwide speeches are the goal!" (laughs)
The Change Mindset
High-energy and inspiring speeches are what Cyriel does best. He is on a mission to boost the creative and entrepreneurial mindset of professionals in change. "There are a lot of challenges in this fast changing world but the biggest challenge is not coming from external sources. It's your own mindset. I inspire professionals to get unstuck from their fixed thinking patterns and help them strive to their full potential. I support my audience with simple, pragmatic tips & tricks, and offer them new language to discuss these problems. The world is changing, so you have to think out of the box, or you will go out of business."
Cyriel Kortleven has lived the change mindset himself, and it has helped change his own life. "By applying some small changes in your life, you can give your full potential an enormous boost. Change doesn't have to be difficult. You can change right now a small thing and have huge benefits in the long term. Sure, change can be frightening. But change doesn't have to be hard. It all starts with the right mindset. Set your mind to change. Don't mind the change. Change your mind."
We are happy to work with Cyriel, and we'll be keeping you posted on his public speaking and other work!
Speakersbase is happy to host Cyriel's book launch of The Change Mindset! Want to attend? The book launch is on November 12th 2018 at The Hive in Ghent (Dendermondsesteenweg 39 A-001, 9000 Gent, Belgium) Entrance fee: €20, which will get you the launch, the book, and two drinks! REGISTER HERE!


text:
Solid Knotty Pine Planks; Classic Tongue and Groove, V-Groove; May be stained . Wall Panel Design w/3D Wall Panels Antique Knotty Pine Wood Wall Panels for . Knotty pine planking is durable, cost effective, easy to install and maintain.
Pine & Cypress Manufacturer Southern Wood Specialties, provides pine ceiling products and . During the 20th century, tongue-and-grooved boards were installed as paneled ceilings, routinely in kitchens and . Pecky 1x6 = Market price
Armstrong Woodhaven 5" x 84" Rustic Pine Beveled Ceiling Plank. . EVERYDAY LOW PRICE $11.86 . Pattern: Directional, Product Type: Ceiling Plank.
Wood look ceiling panels add a warmth to your home in an unexpected place. Retrofit onto a . Wood. Price Sq Ft (USD) . WOODHAVEN Knotty Pine 5" x 84".
Cost Comparison. Save $3,000 on Tongue and Groove Paneling with Dura-Groove !!! tongue in groove paneling Dura-Groove Panels Just Costs Less! Why?
7.25-in x 8-ft Pine Wood Tongue and Groove Wall Plank at Lowe's. Tongue and groove white wood boards are great for creating unique accent walls, trim.
Every Eastern White Pine board meets the highest grading standards for strength and appearance. Tongue and Groove boards have a wide range of uses from ceiling paneling to accent walls and ... Please advise the price per foot.
This cost only $400 vs $3000 for Pine tongue and groove! . I wanted to cover my studio ceilings with pine tongue and groove planks like I've done in most of the.
Get 2018 Pine Ceiling price options and installation cost ranges. Free, online . in your area. Input project size, product quality and labor type to get Pine Ceiling material pricing and installation cost estimates. . Fabricate and nail planks. Pine.
Armstrong Ceilings (Common: 84-in x 5-in; Actual: 84-in x 5-in) WoodHaven 10-Pack Rustic Pine Faux Wood Surface-Mount Plank Ceiling Tiles at Lowe's.


text:
Flower and Cupcake Gift Pack
Sale price
Regular price
This gift is not available as our baker is away.
Please note this is NOT available for same day delivery. Orders must be in by 3pm the day before delivery so our baker can make the cupcakes fresh to order!
The Flower and Cupcake Gift Pack is the perfect and most delicious gift for any occasion! Flowers and cake go hand in hand so now you can get a beautiful bouquet from The Floral Delivery and delicious cupcakes from Caked By Katelyn in one package! Our small gift pack includes 6x cupcakes and a small bouquet. Our large gift pack includes 12x cupcakes and a larger bouquet.
Flowers may not be the same as picture due to availability and the season.
Not available for same day delivery - orders must be in 3pm the day before delivery.
Delivery cost is only $15 around the Hutt Valley and Wellington and will be delivered by our own staff or Ship My Trade couriers. Free delivery in Wainuiomata if you enter the discount code WAINUI5014 at checkout.


text:
Apr 14, 2017
In this episode, I sat down with Debi Galler, an attorney with Berger Singerman LLP in Florida. Debi practices real estate, transactional, and corporate bankruptcy law. We chatted about how she started her mindfulness and meditation practice and the impact it has had on her law practice.
Questions? Comments? Email Jeena! firstname.lastname@example.com. You can also connect with Jeena on Twitter: @Jeena_Cho
For more information, visit: jeenacho.com
Order The
Anxious Lawyer book —
Available in hardcover, Kindle and Audible
Find Your Ease: Retreat for Lawyers
I'm creating a retreat that will provide a perfect gift of relaxation and rejuvenation with an intimate group of lawyers. Interested? Please complete this form: https://jeena3.typeform.com/to/VXfIXq
MINDFUL PAUSE: Bite-Sized Practices for Cultivating More Joy and Focus
5-week program. Spend just 6 minutes everyday to practice mindfulness and meditation. Decrease stress/anxiety, increase focus and concentration. Interested? Please complete this form: https://jeena3.typeform.com/to/gLlo7b


text:
snoRNPs are nucleolus‐localized ribonucleoprotein particles that comprise small RNAs (snoRNAs) and a few associated proteins. Known snoRNPs can be subdivided into two major classes, C/D and H/ACA, which direct site‐specific 2′‐O‐ribose methylation and pseudouridylation of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) respectively. Some snoRNPs participate in precursor rRNA processing.
Keywords: snoRNAs; RNA modification; rRNA processing; methylation; pseudouridylation


text:
Ways To Give
Your tax-deductible donation to the San Diego Law Library Foundation supports the San Diego Law Library.
Donate today using our secure online PayPal portal.
Attend Event
Support us while having a good time at our events. 100% of the net proceeds directly support the San Diego Law Library.
Attn: Administration 1105 Front Street,San Diego, CA 92101
(619) 531-3904
Shop Amazon
When you shop at AmazonSmile, for each eligible purchase, the AmazonSmile Foundation donates 0.5% of the purchase price to the Law Library Justice Foundation. Shopping at AmazonSmile and supporting the Law Library is easy!
1.Visit smile.amazon.com
2. Sign in using your Amazon.com account, or create an account.
3. Select "Law Library Justice Foundation" as your charitable organization.
4. Shop just as you would at Amazon.com


text:
1 cup tomato, diced and seeded
2 tablespoons basil, fresh, chopped (or 1 teaspoon basil, dried, crushed)
1 teaspoon mint, fresh, finely chopped (1/4 teaspoon mint, dried, crushed)
1 tablespoon scallions, thinly sliced
2 teaspoon lime juice, fresh
2 teaspoons olive oil
- Wash and prepare fresh vegetables and herbs.
- Combine all ingredients in a bowl and gently mix.
- Add 1/3 cup of corn for color and flavor.
- Serve with baked tortilla chips, whole-wheat crackers or raw vegetables.
- Use salsa as a sauce over baked or broiled chicken, fish, or tofu.
Serving size: 1/4 cup
Calories: 30
Fruits and Vegetables: 1/4 cup
Fat: 2.5 g
Fiber: 1 g
Sodium: 0 mg


text:
Share pincode for faster delivery by local sellers.
This product is currently out of stock
Item is available at 122003Change
Item is not available at Change
You can place a return request within 10 days of order delivery.
In case of damaged/missing product or empty parcel, the return request should be filed within 2 days of delivery.
The multiutility chopper set has everything you need for cutting, dicing, grating, and slicing! Chop onions, zucchini, peppers, celery, tomatoes, hard boiled eggs, cheese, and fruits--then watch as the ingredients transfer instantly from the cutting surface into the bowl below. There's no hassle, and no mess!BENEFITSRemovable top part with self cleaning function. Fresh keeping lid for container 1,500 ml Easy and Useful For Every Meal. Professional and Consistent Results Every Time . Saves You Time and Money. Safe for kid's tool. Safe To Use - Your Fingers Never Touch The Blades. Easy Clean Up - Dishwasher Safe. Food Stays Cleaner - Less Handling.Package contents (also shown in pictures) 1 x Removable top part with cleaning button 1 x Cutting base 1 x Transparent container 1 x Blade 6x6mm / 12x12mm 1 x Blade 18x18mm / 6x36mm 1 x Blade quarters/wedges 1 x Plug-in cutting stamp 1 x Partial blade cove 1 x Perfect peeler 1 x Fresh-keeping lid


text:
StorAmerica locations in nevada
Las Vegas, NV (6 locations)
1745 E. Tropicana Ave
Las Vegas, NV 89119
Starting at $51/mo.
6960 W. Robindale Road
Las Vegas, NV 89113
Starting at $49/mo.
8140 W. Sahara Ave.
Las Vegas, NV 89117
Starting at $39/mo.
3350 Sirius Ave.
Las Vegas, NV 89102
Starting at $29/mo.
5000 W. Cheyenne Ave.
Las Vegas, NV 89130
Starting at $18/mo.
5900 Smoke Ranch Rd
Las Vegas, NV 89108
Starting at $34/mo.
Many of our storage units in Nevada are climate controlled or air cooled in order to protect your more fragile belongings from extreme temperatures. Our units can accommodate anything, from an old box of memorabilia to furniture to household appliances. We offer paved parking spots for any vehicles, big and small. Our units are fitted with roll-up doors in order to maximize usable space. While the units may differ in shape and size, they are all kept in pristine condition by our dedicated staff.
If you'd like to have a look for yourself, come to one of our facilities and our managers will gladly show you around. You can also give us a call and find out about our move-in promotions. Reservations can also be made online. We don't require a deposit and offer our customers month-to-month leases. Give your belongings the home they deserve.


text:
Five fashion trends you'll be coveting this summer
With temperatures on the rise (fingers crossed for a sunny bank holiday weekend!) it's time to start incorporating some of the new season's most wearable trends into our summer wardrobes. Here are the key pieces we'll be buying to see us through spring and summer.
The naked sandal
Less is more when it comes to footwear this summer, with minimal, strappy styles favoured by Instagram's fashion set, giving a nod to the 90s and early 00s.
The slip skirt
Opt for muted or jewel tones in this style, and team with a basic tee and trainers for the ultimate in effortless summer styling.
White jeans
Gone are the days of super-skinny white jeans – this season's cuts are wide legged or just above the ankle. Dress them up or down with a tee or blouse, with trainers or sandals.
The midi dress
You can't go wrong with a midi dress, whether it's plain or printed, short or long sleeved, high neck or shirt style. Team with trainers and you've got fashion's go-to summer uniform.
The wicker bag
Millennial-loved brand Cult Gaia made the wicker bag a thing, but the high street is now awash with lookalikes whatever your budget. Invest in one that'll see you through summer lunch dates, BBQs and trips to the beach.
– Ellen Kelly, Director and Co-Founder


text:
Hurraw! Lip Balm - Chai Spice
Hurraw! lip balms are a heavenly, super smooth blend of premium raw, certified organic ingredients. Individually poured. Fair trade and certified vegan. The chai spice lip balm is a blend of black pepper, cinnamon, clove, anise, and vanilla.
Buying this product = 6 Reward points for Members. Your cart will total 6 points = voucher of $0.30. Not a Member? Join at checkout to claim these points.
Customer ratings and reviews


text:
Steffen, Edith and Coyle, Adrian (2011) Sense of presence experiences and meaning-making in bereavement : a qualitative analysis. Death Studies, 35(7), 579 - 609. ISSN (print) 0748-1187Full text not available from this archive.
This qualitative study aimed to explore the potential role that might be played by the reported experience of "sensing the presence of the deceased" in meaning-making processes in bereavement. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 12 participants who reported having had such an experience and the transcripts were subjected to thematic analysis. Seven overarching themes were identified, 3 of which were considered central: finding benefit in the continuation of the deceased, finding benefit in the continued relationship, and finding meaning through existential, spiritual, and religious sense-making. While participants found many benefits in what they experienced, finding meaning beyond immediate coping seemed to require the availability of spiritual/religious frameworks that could be adopted or, if available but discrepant, could meaningfully accommodate the experience.
|Item Type:
|Research Area:
|Faculty, School or Research Centre:
|Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences (until 2017) > School of Social Science (until November 2012)
|Related URLs:
|Depositing User:
|Katrina Clifford
|Date Deposited:
|15 Jun 2015 08:01
|Last Modified:
|26 Mar 2020 14:03
Actions (Repository Editors)
|Item Control Page


text:
From brands becoming more human and rebuilding trust to the need for closing the ads gap. Here are the key takeouts from the newly released survey from the social media management platform.
#1 Rebuilding trust
2018 has been a tough year for trust on social media. Facebook, among others, has been in press in the wake of Cambridge Analytica and a Congressional hearing. The platform faces huge amounts of pressure from its users.
As the report points, smart brands are focusing less on maximising reach and more on generating transparent, quality engagement. What's more, "earning trust and providing real value are key for continued engagement."
Some of the recommendations for brands from Hootsuite for building trust include creating a branded hasthag for Instagram, participating (or running) a Twitter chat, or building a Facebook group around a core interest of audience.
#2 Storifying social
64 per cent of survey respondents have either implemented Instagram Stories into their social strategy or plan to do so in the next 12 months, according to Hootsuite.
Stats also show that millions of users watch stories every day.
As the survey points out, stories feel real, immediate, and intensely personal. We've seen them on Snapchat, then consequently on Instagram, and Facebook, and recently, even on LinkedIn.
#3 Closing the ads gap
78 per cent of respondents have either invested in social advertising or plan to do so in the next 12 months, while 64 per cent identify decline in organic reach and the need to increase paid budgets as big challenges moving forward.
There's no doubt we live in the era of paid social where organic content isn't as effective as a few years ago. Marketers, in order to reach the audiences, apart from budget, also need apt targeting, creative, and investment of time.
#4 Improved social shopping tech fuelling sales
According to Hootsuite, 28 per cent of the respondents have either implemented social commerce or plan to do so in the next 12 months, whilst 17 per cent have either implemented shoppable galleries or plan to do so in the next 12 months.
Facebook's Marketplace and Instagram's shoppable posts delivered many sales this year for brands in the last year. Those two are not only platforms implementing technology bridging the gap between social media and commerce.
70 per cent of China's Gen Z now opt to buy directly from social platforms. As report considers, this is due to the mix of peer engagement and strong visuals which has made purchasing goods via social so dominant. Hootsuite predicts that this technology is due to change ecommerce landscape across the globe.
#5 Shift from public to private spaces
With the raise of messaging apps (see: Reuters Institute Digital News Report), we're now moving from sharing to messaging. Marketers seem to slowly adapt to this change, with 46 per cent of the Hootsuite survey respondents having either implemented messaging apps or are planning to do so within the next 12 months.
One-on-one social experiences with brand that consumers demand are a huge challenge for marketers. They need to be careful not to intrude users with irrelevant messaging, ensuring there's a clear context for contacting people and being part of the conversation.
This trend brings a lot of new opportunities for brands. As Facebook's study finds, 69 per cent of US respondents say that directly messaging a company helps them feel more confident about the brand.
For the report, Hootsuite used data from over 3,000 customer surveys, interviews with industry analysts, and market research.
You can download the full report from here.
If you have any suggestions, would like to guest post or give me a feedback, feel free to email me at kl.marcel [at] gmail.com, tweet me @marcelkl or connect with me on LinkedIn. Thanks for stopping by, have a splendid day!


text:
Deliveries are FREE islandwide for orders above SGD 60
Alll other order amounts will be delivered at a flat rate of
SGD 8 - Door to door courier (Mon to Sat 9am - 9pm)
SGD 0 - Free Pickup at The Dark Gallery @ Funan Mall, #01-14, 107 North Bridge Rd, Singapore 179105
Kindly note that self-collection is only available from 11am - 9pm, daily.
Door to Door courier
- Processing Time. 5 working days
- Delivery Schedule. You will receive an email 1 day before delivery. We are unable to adhere to specific timings within the day. Please note that we will do our best to suit your preferences.
Self Collection
- Processing Time. 5 working days
- Pickup Schedule. Wait for our fulfillment email before heading down to pick-up your order. Please let the staff know your name and order number.
The Dark Gallery
Funan Mall
107 North Bridge Rd
Singapore 179105
11am - 9pm, Open daily
We hope you will always love our products but it is also possible that you might not. We will try our darnest to make sure it doesn't happen but if you do not like our goods because of personal taste, we are sorry that we will not be able to replace or refund.
That said, everyone makes mistakes so if it is something from our neligience or a shipping/delivery error, send us a note to firstname.lastname@example.com. We are very nice people and we treat our customers right so we will figure a way to make you happy.
Should you have any further questions, please do not hesitate to email us.


text:
Kue King's geometric abstractions are stranded metal. Each individual wire is hand-shaped and woven to the patterns of nature. To the artist, depicting nature is expressing the essence of how nature grows. Using an aesthetic vocabulary that is reminiscent of trees, electricity, and light, Kue King creates sculptures of peace and beauty.
Abstractions in Wire
Kue King's geometric abstractions are stranded metal. Using an aesthetic reminiscent of trees, electricity, and light, Kue creates sculptures of peace and beauty.
With a pair of pliers and precise measurements, Kue cuts each strand and forms bundles. These are woven together to create the central structure. The radiating branches flow outward, intersecting and spreading until the sculpture is complete.
Sculptures vary from 3 feet to over 10 feet.
Sparkle and Strength
Kue King uses bronze, brass and stainless steel in his Abstract Collection. Each strand is custom manufactured by a wire mill in Delaware.
His brass and bronze are 100% pure. His stainless steel is marine grade and diamond polished to a mirror finish. These sculptures will last centuries even in outdoor environments.
Light and Shadow
When spot-lit, drama and strength dominate through reflection and shadow. By lowering the lighting, the same piece becomes soft and alluring. Throughout the day, dancing with changing light, each sculpture transforms with a range of emotion.
A Lifetime of Beauty
Whether hanging in a garden or gracing an exterior facade, these pieces feel at home in nature. The bronze and brass pieces grow a rich patina over the years, adding beauty and history to the piece.
Price list and free consultation
These Abstract sculptures range $3200 to $24000. The smallest size available is 36″. If you have an interest in Kue's sculpture, we can send a price list and consult to find the right piece for your budget and location.
The pieces below have sold. Kue maintains an inventory of approximately 40 sculptures in various sizes, prices, and materials. Please call or email for a current price list. Commissions are rare but we are open to your possibilities.


text:
How many times have you done something you know was wrong, but you justified it by just saying, "God will forgive me?" If you're like most Christians, you've done it more than once, but most people will publicly deny it. So this morning we're not going to ask for a public admition, we're just going to take a look at why it's so wrong, and he Bible says about it.
So what's the problem with asking for forgiveness after you've committed an act you knew was wrong? The biggest issue with repetitive sin is that is shows that we have a lack of the Holy Spirit. If our walk with the Lord is the way it should be, then our desire to sin is either easier to resist, or it doesn't happen as often. Now this doesn't mean we're beyond hope, it means that we need to ask
View original post 659 more words


text:
Maksim Trulov and Ksiusha Lastochka
Lovely heads No.1Lot 53 Year: 2018
Material, technique: Wood, acrylic
Size: 25 х 40 сm Estimate: $781 Start bidding: $625 SOLD FOR $625
Maksim Trulov and Ksiusha Lastochka are a duo of young artists from Nizhny Novgorod. Both were born in 1991: Maksim from Nizhny Novgorod and Ksiusha from Saint Petersburg. Graffiti meeting animation, their style developed from a junction of their directions: black and white drawings depict situations within a certain circle of recognizable characters to form a universe of comics. They do street art, graphics and sculpture. Their work has been presented at their exhibition, "Your mum`s knight", at the FUTURO gallery in Nizhny Novgorod, and most recently at the Cosmoscow fair in Moscow. As children, we are taught to listen. "Lovely heads" depict the emotions of boys and girls (and adults) reduced to nothing else, yet, in that solidarity, are ready to become real heroes. The main point: stop reflecting on the character's meekness and release your own inner-child.


text:
Suburban science
The US National Science Foundation looks likely to be dragged kicking
and screaming into the suburbs of Washington.
The NSF now occupies four buildings in downtown Washington. It asked
the General Services Administration several years ago to find it new and
larger offices. But when the GSA leased a building in Arlington, a half-hour
taxi ride from the centre of government, the NSF tried to veto the move.
It protested that its 'role in the science and technology process would
be significantly diminished' if it left its current headquarters two blocks
from the White House.
Congress's General Accounting Office, called in to investigate, reported
last week that the NSF's protests had no merit. 'We could find no evidence
that NSF will not be able to accomplish its mission in Arlington,' said
the GAO. While the location may be less convenient for agency staff attending
meetings downtown, the GAO found that Arlington offered other attractions:
There are 43 'eating establishments' within two blocks of the new location,
compared to only 11 near the White House.


text:
IRVINE, CA: Bolt PR has appointed Joanne Forster to serve as GM and PR director for the firm's office in Irvine, CA.
Forster, who previously led her own agency called The Forster Group, will handle day-to-day business operations, manage all accounts, mentor staff, and help with new business development.
During her time operating The Forster Group, she worked with a variety of clients, including The Florida Tomato Growers, Del Monte Fresh Produce, Rogue Stand Up Paddleboards, Togo's, Quiksilver, Roxy, Red Bull, and The Surf Industry Manufacturers Association.
Before that, Forster worked at entertainment PR firm Bragman, Nyman & Cafarelli, serving as VP of consumer products and cause related marketing. She also previously worked at Hispanic marketing firm Durazo Communications and MSLGroup.


text:
Pembroke Lodge Wedding
Emily & Tom
Emily and Tom had their Pembroke Lodge wedding in late September and it was an absolute corker! The day started at the bride Emily's parents home and the ladies were in full swing getting glammed up for the big day. And these were indeed a glamorous and gorgeous group of ladies and at the centre the truly beautiful Emily who looked simply stunning. All dressed and ready to go we set off for Pembroke Lodge in the fantastic setting of Richmond Park. Pembroke Lodge is a wonderful venue, the views from the terrace are breathtaking and The Belvedere a beautifully bright contemporary space for the ceremony and wedding breakfast. The groom Tom was welcoming all the guests with a huge smile on face, accompanied by his band of merry men all looking very dapper. Bridal party all set and it was time for the ceremony to begin. Emily walked down the aisle of the arm of her very proud father, both beaming smiles as he gave his daughter away. Throughout the ceremony Emily and Tom held hands so tightly is showed the strength of the bond between them. They smiled and laughed and made their promises to each other that every person in the room could feel. It really was a special moment to see these two kind and lovely people get married. After the ceremony it was out to the terrace but it was forecast for storms and the dark skies were looming. Thankfully the rain held off enough for the photos and then everyone ran for cover inside. But the rain didn't damped any spirits and the rest of the day was full of fun and frolics. Emily and Tom are really lovely people and I throughly enjoyed being their photographer. Congratulations Emily & Tom!!! xxxx
Kind words from the couple….
Lynsey is absolutely amazing and captured our day so beautifully, we could not have been happier with our photos. Lynsey was so nice and came and met us before our wedding so we knew exactly what to expect, on the day Lynsey was amazing and you would barely know she was there! All of the photos are natural and we could not recommend Lynsey Grace Photography any higher. Thank you.
If you're looking for a photographer for your Pembroke Lodge wedding then get in touch here.
Venue – Pembroke Lodge


text:
Added: Feb 2010
NANO is an extremely small LED channel system, intended for installation in shelves and cabinets. Working with high power and high efficiency LEDs (approx 100 lm/w, depending on light colour) and reflectors rather than lenses, it delivers a very crisp and contrast rich illuminiation of products of any kind.
When first presented at EUROSHOP 2008, XAL's NANO system won the award for the most innovative new shopfitting product. Since then it has been gradually improved and is already used by clients such as Selfridges, Clarins, Tag Heuer and RADO.
| Permalink | Trackbacks (0) | Email | Print this


text:
Chinese are known for their love of singing which may be the reason why there are so many talented people at audition shows such as"Super Girl"and"Sing!China".Here are some of our recommendations on where to go karaoking in China.
We all have one of those days when we want to scream our heads off or be really sentimental and sing songs until all these negative feelings go away. However, you just can't find the right person at the right time to do it with. If that is your case, then this karaoke for one is just the place for you. We all know that we each have a superstar in ourselves, so why not bring out that Beyoncé in you?
As more and more people find it hard to sing a full hour or two, the karaoke trend of China has resulted in the concept of coin karaokes. The way to use it is simple: search your pockets for change, insert the coins, and sing. As it is available around many places in Seoul in most game arcades, go and enjoy whenever in need.
咪哒mini K, a new voice generation of music entertainment machine, developed over 3 years by AIMYUNION TECHNOLOGY LTD, it is also the debut original brand of mini KTV in China .
Take headphones as the core experience, sing and practice songs offline as basic function, users can self-help consumption throughout, to meet the needs of fragmented entertainment.
Independent researched and developed sound system, to create a high-quality recording studio kernel; professional HIFI sound card, to ensure the Headphone Amp can reach a international recording studio level. Subvert the user's potential karaoke experience, and enjoy ultimate music.
You can get a unparalleled singing and listening experience of music here, bringing a cozy space for fast-paced urban people, and creating a relaxed, casual, pleasant atmosphere.
WeChat Service QR code
WeChat Subscription Account


text:
If you buy something from the links on this page, we may earn a commission. Why trust us?
New morning ritual: Brush your hair, brush your bod.
By now, you know you should be exfoliating your body. Sloughing off dead surface cells on a regular basis helps to safeguard you from a multitude of pesky problems, like dull skin and ingrown hairs.
If you want to take your exfoliation game to the next level beyond a body scrub, it might be time to introduce dry brushing into your routine. It's a natural exfoliating technique in which you literally brush your skin from foot to face, stroking upward toward the heart, overlapping wherever necessary. It sounds simple (and it is), but to achieve optimal results, you'll want to follow these tips.
First, decide when to implement dry brushing into your routine. Prior to an a.m. shower is ideal, but before bed is acceptable as well. If you can fit it into your morning and nightly routines, that's even better.
From there, scrub liberally, but gently — a firm grip doesn't have to be forceful. Spend about 3 to 5 minutes working out the kinks, making sure to spend extra time on problem areas like the thighs, bottom, and lower back. Hop into the shower post-exfoliation, and alternate between hot and cold temperatures to stimulate the body.
Note: This process is 100% natural, but it might feel odd stroking the skin from bottom to top in an upward motion. We do this in order to stimulate the lymphatic system, therefore regulating blood flow, improving digestion, and sparking a ton of energy through the body. Other benefits include reducing cellulite and removing dead skin in order to reveal glowing, youthful skin. Want to learn more about the health benefits of dry brushing? Check out health and wellness expert Olivia Jenkins' informative how-to guide here.
Now that you know the basics, these are our favorite dry-brushing tools of the trade.
SpaVerde's dry-brushing set is our favorite. Equipped with all of the essentials, including a body brush, a face brush, a linen travel bag, and an instructional guide, users are essentially receiving an at-home spa treatment.
It may not feel so luxurious at first, but doing the technique consistently will result in salon-quality results.
More: How to Use Dermarollers to Get Rid of Stretch Marks
Brush your skin to perfection on a budget with the Fantasea Natural Bristle Body Brush. This popular dry brush exfoliates, increases blood flow, and promotes healthy, glowing skin. As a bonus, it features a handle for a secure grip.
Amazon reviewers rate this all-natural brush just shy of five stars for its quick performance (results have been seen in as little as 3 days). Its versatility is appreciated as well: It comes with a detachable handle to get those hard-to-reach spots.
We're crowning Earth Therapeutics's body brush best-dressed, because who wouldn't want this fluffy tool hanging from their shower head? This pick is vegetarian- and eco-friendly, and it looks like it belongs at a spa! Made from pure Japanese palm fiber, these pretty bristles give skin a tender dose of tough love.
A curved, ergonomic handle makes this Goop-approved dry brush even more comfortable to wield while brushing in upward strokes. Biodegradable sisal fibers exfoliate and energize skin, and the wood is FSC-certified (meaning that it was harvested in an environmentally conscious way).
Detoxify your body and stimulate your lymphatic system by gently brushing your skin to optimal health with the Rengöra Dry Brushing Body Brush. This best-seller is accompanied by a sturdy handle to allow access to those hard-to-reach parts.
Cactus bristles sound painful, but they work wonders on your skin. When dry brushing gets difficult — like when you're squirming to reach all areas along your back — the Body Shop's handle brush comes in clutch. The tool's exfoliating fibers don't feel too rough against the skin, are vegan-friendly, and dry quickly after a solid rinse.
The effects of Yerba's dry-brushing tool are sweet — literally! Featuring Tampico fibers derived from the unbleached stem of an agave plant, stroking the bristles in an upward motion sloughs away dead skin cells and encourages blood circulation.
This unique dry brush by Rosena features boar bristles and massagers to give you the ultimate comfort during your dry-brushing session. This one is perfect for your next at-home spa day!
Aromatherapy Associates' dry-brushing body brush is made from soft cactus sisal bristles for a natural scrub that's easier on skin. And unlike other brushes, the Polishing Body Brush features a hand strap for optimal control.


text:
Teaching Self-Control: A Sit Is Not Enough
Self-control may be the most important teaching gift we can give to our dogs and to ourselves. While self-control might save your dog's life one day, it is also fundamental for cooperative living and enjoyment in your relationship with your dog. Self-control is the skill of ending a range of emotions that can lead both you and your dog into trouble: fear, anxiety, nervousness, excitement, frustration, arousal, etc. It draws on our innate knowledge that these emotions have no use when uncontrolled. Join us to explore the nature and importance of self-control and the essentials of how to teach it.
Your dog's mind should be compatible with his or her behavior. A controlled "sit" position may be seen as satisfactory and a silent dog may be regarded as a "good" dog, but the sit or the silence can fool you into believing that self-control is at work. It may not be. What you click is what you get, however, so if the mind is still in a high state of arousal or anxiety, that will get reinforced. This is a natural behavior. It is not about removing fun or avoiding exposure to distractions, but about developing a natural skill.


text:
0 items in cart
Madonna and Child was painted with oil paint on wood by the early Renaissance Italian artist, Antonello Da Messina. It was finished after five years in 1470 and now hangs in our National Gallery. The Jumbo size is 15.6 x 23.4 inches, the large is 11.6 x 17.4 inches and the medium is 9.8 x 14.7 inches.
6 Designs each in 3 Sizes MLJ Check Sizes
Thread list
< Free design is the last image on the left.Free Design Click to Download
All of our machine embroidery designs will come in any or all of the following hoop sizes: (You will receive links to download the size(s) you purchased and all formats)Small for 4 x 4 inch hoop, Medium for 5 x 7 inch hoop, Large for 6 x 10 inch hoop, and Jumbo 8 x 12 inch hoop.Each design description above will state the sizes the set comes in: S, M, L, J standing for Small, Medium, Large and Jumbo. These will be written SML, meaning Small, Medium and Large, or perhaps MLJ, meaning Medium Large and Jumbo, or even SMLJ meaning the set comes in all four hoop sizesFormats Available: ART3, ART4, DST, EXP, HUS, JEF, PES, VIP, XXXIf your format is not listed email us. <we can not produce SHV format>
These designs are copyrighted and are the property of Susan Makalinaw and BFC Creations.


text:
No videos yet!
Click on "Watch later" to put videos here
A national environment for research, innovation, education and demonstration of smart industrial production.
This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. Out of these cookies, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. But opting out of some of these cookies may have an effect on your browsing experience.
Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. This category only includes cookies that ensures basic functionalities and security features of the website. These cookies do not store any personal information.
Any cookies that may not be particularly necessary for the website to function and is used specifically to collect user personal data via analytics, ads, other embedded contents are termed as non-necessary cookies. It is mandatory to procure user consent prior to running these cookies on your website.


text:
Diamonds and Dogs
CarMax Inc. (KMX)
CarMax is driving its price higher today, up 8.85% to $74.44. The used car retailer saw its shares spike after better than expected earnings. For the quarter, CarMax management announced net sales of $3.51 billion beating analysts' estimates of $3.50 billion. Furthermore, the company announced that it earned $0.67 per share (a 52% increase compared to the same quarter last year), again beating analysts' forecast of $0.60 per share. Shares of CarMax rallied nearly $6.00 today to a new 52-week high of $75.40 intraday.
Universal Truckload Services Inc. (UACL)
Universal Truckload is watching its shares get dumped today, down 14.51% to $21.33. The multi-national transportation company saw its shares sell off after worse than expected earnings. Universal Truckload posted a net income of $10.5 million or $0.35 per share, which missed analyst's estimates of $0.40 per share. The company did beat on revenue estimates, $302.5 million vs. $297.5 million. Shares of Universal Truckload fell over $3.50 today, and hit a new 52-week low of $20.91.


text:
If the residence organization needs entertaining clientele, including taking them out to lunch, deduct these expenses from your taxable earnings. This kind of conferences might be regarded genuine small business costs. Be pretty mindful, having said that, that such meetings are with spending or probable consumers, mainly because or else meals and enjoyment aren't tax-deductible expenditures.
When running a business from home be sure to conserve just about every receipt from expenditures incurred such as mortgage loan, electrical power, cellular phone and insurance policies payments. The fees incurred in keeping your own home can be involved within your deductible charges when submitting your taxes. The proportion of the dwelling useful for the house business enterprise would be the share on the expenses you can deduct from a taxable earnings.
Be sure to click on the backlink for more facts: pro1
Always manage a individual cell phone line on your business enterprise from your property telephone line. A company that desires to get acknowledged as professional and set up normally provides a information precise to it, as well as you take a danger of a kid or somebody else in the home answering the cell phone in a less than experienced way.
For getting the word out regarding your new dwelling business enterprise, have cards printed with the firm title and logo. Give 1 to anyone you understand, and go away them lying all around all over the place you go. Shell out a day in a very fast paced purchasing district and leave your business cards on the bulletin boards of retail merchants and skilled properties.
Concentrate early on towards your home workplace corporation. Actually, map it out just before buying everything in your office. When you you should not, you can effortlessly end up overcome with several folders, shelving units and inbox alternatives that can only sluggish down your work. Get the time to maximize your performance.
Come across an area in your house that is certainly tranquil and quiet, and make this area your designated get the job done station. This should not be an area that previously features a reason, like the kitchen area or your bedroom. Maintain it non-public and totally free from things that will distract you from function.
Check out this page:


text:
Events 2018
Watt Tieder Events 2018
Watt Tieder and our affiliates are already planning new programs and events for the coming year. Visit our website often to see where our attorneys will be and plan to join us at these upcoming events.
Northern Virginia Bankruptcy Bar Association
April 10, 2018 in Fairfax, VA
Hanna L. Blake, Jennifer L. Kneeland, and Marguerite L. DeVoll
Watt Tieder Partners Hanna L. Blake and Jennifer L. Kneeland, and Associate Marguerite L. DeVoll will present on the topic "From a Surety's Perspective: When a Contractor Hits the Zone of Insolvency or Files for Bankruptcy."
Watt, Tieder, Hoffar and Fitzgerald
June 29, 2018 in Irvine, CA
Rebecca S. Glos and Amanda L. Marutzky
Watt Tieder Partner Rebecca S. Glos and Associate Amanda L. Marutzky will present on "Subcontractor Default Insurance: Relevant Considerations for the Surety Claims Professional."
2018 Midwest Surety & Construction Claims Conference
July 18-19, 2018 in Chicago, IL
Watt Tieder will co-sponsor. July 18th will include a half-day seminar with a presentation on "Construction Documentation: Successfully Managing Risk and Preserving Claims." July 19th includes an all-day seminar entitled "Comprehensive Review of the Surety's Defenses on Performance Bond Claims."
8th International Society of Construction Law Conference
September 26-28, 2018 in Chicago, IL
Shelly L. Ewald
Watt Tieder Senior Partner Shelly Ewald will be chairing a panel on "Construction Law: Local Issues – Global Perspectives." GcilA members Wolfgang Beyer (Breyer Rechtsanwälte) and Guilliame Sauvaget (PS Consulting) will also be appearing on a panel on September 28, entitled "International Comparative Law on Common but Also Really Great EPC Contract Provisions – Same Contract, Same Issue, Choice of Law – Different Results?"
29th Annual Northeast Surety & Fidelity Claims Conference
September 26-28, 2018 in Atlantic City, NJ
Vivian Katsantonis, Christopher J. Brasco, Christopher M. Harris and Adam M. Tuckman
Watt Tieder Senior Partners Vivian Katsantonis and Christopher J. Brasco, and Partners Christopher M. Harris and Adam M. Tuckman will speak on a "Surety's Obligations for Post-Completion Defect Claims."
Boards of Contract Appeals Bar Association
October 9, 2018 in Washington, D.C.
Scott P. Fitzsimmons
Watt Tieder Partner Scott P. Fitzsimmons will be presenting on Electronic Discovery at the United States Boards of Contract Appeals.
CMAA 2018 National Conference
October 14-16, 2018 in Las Vegas, NV
Christopher J. Brasco and Kathleen O. Barnes
Watt Tieder Senior Partners Christopher J. Brasco and Kathleen O. Barnes will speak on "ADR Remedies for Disputes That Ail You."
ABA Fidelity and Surety Law Fall Conference
November 7-9, 2018 in Philadelphia, PA
Frank J. Marsico
Watt Tieder Partner Frank J. Marsico will present on new/recent case law developments.
American Road & Transportation Builders Association ("ARTBA") Western Meeting
November 14-15, 2018 in Newport Beach, CA
Christopher J. Brasco and Kathleen O. Barnes
Watt Tieder Senior Partners Christopher J. Brasco and Kathleen O. Barnes will speak on "10 Risk Management Hacks That Will Change Your Approach to Project Delivery."
Construction SuperConference
December 11, 2018 in Las Vegas, NV
Shelly L. Ewald and Scott P. Fitzsimmons
Watt Tieder Senior Partner Shelly L. Ewald will be presenting on "Getting Your Bells and Whistles Admitted: Making the Most of Demonstrative Evidence in a Construction Trial;" and Partner Scott P. Fitzsimmons will be presenting on "Litigating the Ongoing Project: Risks and Strategies."


text:
Washington Timbers FC
Scholarship Program
The goal of the Washington Timbers Scholarship program is to provide financial assistance to players demonstrating financial need. Because we have a limited amount of funds available, assistance is awarded strictly based on family circumstances.
Please choose the correct application you want to apply for. Each player must have a separate application.
2020 Spring Recreational CWSA and VUSA players, click HERE for the application..
2019/20 Academy players, please click HERE for the application.
2019/20 Junior Academy players, please click HERE for the application.
Please note that you will need to have a copy of the child's current school letter approving free/reduced lunch, state food assistance letter, or other documents proving financial need to complete the application.


text:
Texas (Southern)
About Texas (Southern)
San Antonio, one of the oldest settlements in Texas, is a dynamic city with rich heritage, diverse culture and modern attractions. From the Alamo to the River Walk we offer a variety of unforgettable experiences and mouth-watering Tex-Mex. Our convention center is located in the heart of the city, in close proximity to top-tier hotels and incredible restaurants. There's no shortage of celebrations in San Antonio and Hosts is here to ensure your group experiences all the best in "River City."
About Hosts Texas
Hosts Texas offers the best access to the greatest experiences in San Antonio – from unique group activities and tours to private dining and exclusive event venues. Our goal is to create memorable guest experiences that showcase the best our city has to offer. From pre-planning to execution, we deliver unrivaled local knowledge, access to top tier destination resources and quality service for our clients. Our team thrives on developing new ways for groups to experience Texas and with our comprehensive services and extensive resources, we work tirelessly to ensure your destination experience reaches its full potential.


text:
These solid brass Rainbow pins are designed to complement your LGBTI inclusion initiatives. The Rainbow badge can be worn on clothing, pinned to your lanyard or pinned to desktop petitions, notice boards or compendiums. The Ally Pin is 2cm in diameter x 1cm in height.
These ALLY Badges can be purchased individually for $3.75 PID members or $3.95 for non members.
As a not-for-profit organisation, these products are not only designed to support your inclusion initiatives, but double-up as a fundraiser, the profits from which directly support the ongoing work of Pride in Diversity and LGBTI inclusion initiatives within Australian workplaces.
All prices Inc. GST


text:
Monday, September 5, 2011
Trick or Treat!
With Halloween quickly approaching, I thought a treat box was in order. I used the Window Box tutorial from the Scor-Pal website (there are tons of free tutorials there - all kinds of fun ways to use your Scor-Pal!) I did change the dimensions of the box, however, to make it a little bigger. (See the end of the post for details).
I got to play with some of the new dies from Cottage Cutz - and actually, the Witch's Castle Door inspired the whole project.....because, the really cool thing is that you can make the door open!
So, I used the Halloween Fun stamp from Crafty Secrets to stamp my sweet little trick-or-treater, and glued her to a piece of acetate in the door opening. I glued some Autumn Flower Soft around her feet to look like leaves blowing in. She looks so shy coming to the door for a little candy. I added accessories from the Castle Door die, as well as the Lantern Mini and Owl Mini dies, to complete the scene. The Happy Halloween on the side of the box is from the Haunted House Border.
So get out your Scor-pal and your Scor-tape (cause that's the only way to put together boxes!) and come join the fun! Just check out the Scor-pal blog for more details! And if you'd like to play along in another challenge, The Scrapping Cottage has a monthly challenge with a $25 gift certificate up for grabs. The current challenge is a great sketch designed by Angelica. So come play along with us!
To make this box, please refer to the tutorial at the Scor-Pal website, but instead of cutting your cardstock 9 x 6 3/4, cut it 12" x 8 3/4". Your score lines will be 1", 5 1/2", 6 1/2", 11". After you turn the paper, you will score at 3/4" and 7 3/4".
Creative Card Crew: Anything Goes
Catch the Bug : Anything Goes
Fun With Shapes: Anything Goes with die cuts
Die Cut Dreams: Gift Box or Bag
Critter Sketch: Anything But a Card
Totally Papercrafts: Anything But a Card
Wags n Whiskers: Anything But a Card
Cute Card Thursday: A Pinch and a Punch
Ribbon Carousel Challenge: two things from a spool (ribbon and baker's twine)
Stamp and Show: Anything Goes
Charisma Cardz: Anything Goes
Fussy And Fancy: 1000 Followers Celebration
Delightful Challenges: Halloween
20 comments:
- Nadia (WithGlitteringEyes.blogspot.com) said...
Oh!!! This is little box is just terrific with all your special Halloween details! I love that the door opens! What a fun surprise!
- September 5, 2011 at 7:53 AM
- Cyndie said...
Oh gosh, that is just the cutest thing ever! Love the die cuts, especially the witch's door, and the little figure inside! And that unusual ribbon is a truly inspired final touch!
- September 5, 2011 at 9:34 AM
- Kelly Massman said...
This is adorable!
- September 5, 2011 at 9:45 AM
- Crafty Secrets Heartwarming Vintage Co. said...
Great Halloween House Gini and I love how you added our little witch stamp!
- September 5, 2011 at 12:20 PM
- Kelly Schelske said...
This is fabulous Gini!
- September 5, 2011 at 12:31 PM
- kelly ledder said...
Wow this is fab, thanks for entering into Creative card crew challenge x
- September 5, 2011 at 1:32 PM
- Jennifer M. said...
This is really cute. I love how you added the flower soft at her feet to look like leaves. That was a very creative touch. :)
- September 5, 2011 at 2:39 PM
- Dragonlady said...
Brilliant creation, just love the owls and the surprise inside. Thanks for playing at Die Cut Dreams.
Hugs Ali x
- September 5, 2011 at 3:44 PM
- FerrellGraph-x said...
Absolutely Fabulous! I will have to try something like this soon!
Kindest regards,
Jennifer Ferrell
- September 5, 2011 at 8:33 PM
- xxxtglxxx said...
wow, this is fabulous! :)
Thanks so much for playing at Charisma Cardz this week,
- September 5, 2011 at 9:21 PM
- Melanie said...
Wow I'm in aw!! this if fabulous, thank you for playing in the CSCB.
- September 6, 2011 at 12:23 PM
- Lucianna Dilsaver said...
I love your treat box with the secret door, so fun and fabulous! Thanks for joining us this week @ Critter Sketch :)
- September 6, 2011 at 1:37 PM
- Gem said...
- This comment has been removed by a blog administrator.
- September 6, 2011 at 5:25 PM
- Anne said...
Fab little gift bag, love the door opening to reveal that cutie image.
Thanks for playing along with Totally Papercrafts challenge.
Anne x
- September 6, 2011 at 6:10 PM
- connie said...
this is so cute!
- September 7, 2011 at 9:25 AM
- sgc said...
What a great project! Thanks for playing along with the Critter Sketch Challenge.
- September 7, 2011 at 11:44 AM
- Crystal said...
Fantastic project! I love the pretty papers & the ribbon is fabulous. Great Halloween project. Thanks for playing along with us at Critter Sketch :)
- September 8, 2011 at 11:46 PM
- Tammy Miller said...
What a great project thanks so much for joining our Sept Anything Goes Challenge! Tammy DT Coordinator
- September 10, 2011 at 12:26 AM
- Alisha said...
WOW!!! that is an amazing project.
- September 13, 2011 at 2:34 AM
- Sheryl said...
Oh my goodness! This is such a fun Halloween project! I just love the dp you chose to use and there is so much special detail! This is a great card to CELEBRATE Halloween! It's beautiful!
Thank you for joining us at Fussy and Fancy for our 1000 followers CELEBRATION!
Hugs, Sheryl
- September 15, 2011 at 12:24 PM