text:
Session 2013-14
Publications on the internet
To be published as HC 605
House of COMMONS
Oral EVIDENCE
TAKEN BEFORE the
Justice Committee
Ministry of JUSTICE MEASURES IN THE
JHA block opt-out
Wednesday 16 October 2013
Rt Hon Chris Grayling MP and rebecca stimson
Evidence heard in Public Questions 1 - 38
This is an uncorrected transcript of evidence taken in public and reported to the House. The transcript has been placed on the internet on the authority of the Committee, and copies have been made available by the Vote Office for the use of Members and others.
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Oral Evidence
Taken before the Justice Committee
on Wednesday 16 October 2013
Members present:
Sir Alan Beith (Chair)
Steve Brine
Jeremy Corbyn
Nick de Bois
Gareth Johnson
Mr Elfyn Llwyd
Andy McDonald
Graham Stringer
Examination of Witnesses
Witnesses: Rt Hon Chris Grayling MP, Lord Chancellor and Secretary of State for Justice, gave evidence. Rebecca Stimson, Deputy Director, International Policy, Ministry of Justice, was in attendance.
Q1 Chair: Welcome. You are getting used to attending other Committees on the first of the subjects we are going to discuss this morning-
Chris Grayling: There have been a few of those, yes, Sir Alan.
Chair:- European opt-outs.
We will divide the session into two parts and will move on to legal aid in the second part. At that stage we may have interests to declare but not at this stage.
You will know that the Committee was not much helped by the fact that we did not get the Government's general intentions indicated to us back in February when we originally expected them, and, therefore, all the three Committees involved-or, including the Lords, four Committees-had to have a rather rushed operation in order to scrutinise and assist the Government in their thinking. That is water under the bridge, but it is part of the background to what has happened.
Chris Grayling: If I might say on that, Sir Alan, I regret that and I apologise to the Committee for that being the case. As you will understand, there are really three stages to this process. We have to sort out a common Government approach, we then have to agree that approach or vary it with Parliament, and then we have to negotiate with the Commission. It is difficult to move on to each of the next stages until you have completed the one before.
Q2 Chair: Of course the House expressed its concern on the process in an adverse vote for the Government. What discussions have actually taken place between the Government and the Commission over this period up to now?
Chris Grayling: In terms of detailed discussions about the list we have put forward, discussions have not taken place. Clearly, they are aware of what our proposed list is because they saw the announcement, the command paper and so forth at the time when we laid it before Parliament, but we have not had discussions with them about that list. There have been informal discussions over the months on an on-and-off basis, as there have been with other member states. There has been a lot of curiosity from other member states about opposition. I have had brief discussions with the Justice Commissioner; likewise the Home Secretary has had brief discussions with Cecilia Malmström, who is the Commissioner for her area. But there have been no substantive conversations.
It is very much our belief that we need to wait now. As I described that three-stage process, we are now at the point where Parliament is. We have tabled the Government's considered position. Parliament is now studying that carefully. We are waiting for reports from all of the different Committees involved. We will not be starting substantive discussions with the Commission until the entire process is completed.
Q3 Chair: On more than one occasion, including before the Scrutiny Committee, you have set out your philosophical case as being that you do not want Britain to be part of a European justice system, but you do want Britain to be part of the fight against international crime. That is a neat formulation, but is it a real distinction?
Chris Grayling: In my view it is, and I think it is an important distinction. You have to understand what we are doing here, which I am sure you do, Sir Alan. What we are doing now is moving from the pre-Lisbon situation, where Justice and Home Affairs cooperation was done on an intergovernmental basis, to one where we are effectively handing over jurisdiction in perpetuity over these areas to the European Court of Justice. So these are areas where we will no longer have the final say. That is quite a big step to take. Therefore, it seems to me that we have to think very carefully about the way in which we take that step.
I have to say I was not always the greatest fan of the last Government, but I do think that their negotiation of the optout was enormously helpful to this country. I do not think there is any will in this country to Europeanise justice, and so they gave us the tools that we needed to ensure that we do not do that. We have exercised that post-Lisbon, but this is now the pre-Lisbon debate, as you know.
My belief is that there is an essential national interest in us fighting serious and organised crime across borders. We all know that it is a challenge, whether it is terrorism threats, drug gangs and the rest. We have looked very carefully-and the Home Secretary has looked particularly very carefully-at this. She has had extensive discussions with police bodies, SOCA and others who are involved in this battle to establish what measures, in her judgment, are essential in our national interest to be part of in order to continue to fight organised crime in the most effective possible way.
Alongside that, there are a number of measures here that are much more about Europeanising justice, and there is a very clear objective in the Commission to take more and more steps to create, basically, a single European justice area. The Commissioner made a speech recently where she talked about a single European Justice Minister. I do not believe that is right for this country; I do not believe it is what this country wants; I do not believe it is what the people of this country want. It is certainly not what the last Government wanted in terms of negotiating the optout and it is certainly not what this one wants.
It is never an exact science, but, broadly speaking, what we have done in that list of 35 is to identify measures that it is obviously in the national interest to be part of as part of the strategy of fighting serious and organised crime. But we do not want to be part of measures, for example, that set minimum standards for sentencing and take us down the road towards the creation of a European justice system. That, to me, has guided what we have done in the decisions that we have taken.
It is worth adding that there are a number of other measures that we have not included in our list that are either redundant or have little impact, where it is simply a question of, if we do not have to hand over jurisdiction and if there is no benefit in doing so, then why would we?
Q4 Chair: What do you say to those who say you are going to be subject to the European Court of Justice on a number of these areas and it is a creeping menace? Once you become subject to it in one area, in some way we will be trapped into a wider European justice system. Some people who have given us evidence have argued that case. What do you say to them?
Chris Grayling: There is certainly a desire in Brussels to move much further down the road towards the Europeanisation of justice. I do not want that to happen. I am very strongly opposed to it. It is the wrong thing for this country. I actually think it is the wrong thing for other member states as well, but we equally have to operate in the national interest. The Home Secretary, in her discussions with the police, identified a number of areas where, in her judgment, it was essential to international crime fighting to maintain cross-European arrangements. We have to accept that some things are just in our national interest to do. In the current paradigm, if we are going to be part of the European Union and if we are going to collaborate on international crime fighting, the Home Secretary's judgment is that these are necessary measures.
There are one or two others that do not completely conform but which are just very obvious. If you take the prisoner transfer agreement, it does not quite conform to either of those two principles, but it is just very obvious to me that it is something that is in our national interest to be part of. I do not believe in minimum standards measures that set minimum penalties. I am very wary of measures that start to establish legal principles, unless there is an obvious benefit to our citizens. In some of the areas we are seeing now, I see this as being a route towards much greater Europeanisation and it has to be resisted at all costs because that is not where this country needs to be.
Q5 Steve Brine: Good morning, Lord Chancellor. Thank you for coming back. I just wanted to touch, if I may, on the framework decision in respect of prison transfers and prisoners. You say that it will be a no brainer not to opt in to this one. By the end of March this year, there were 4,058 foreign prisoners in our system in UK prisons. Do we know how many of them have more than six months to serve on their sentences and therefore would be eligible for transfer under the framework decision?
Chris Grayling: It is a smaller number. At the moment, if I remember rightly, it is about 1,400 that are potentially available for transfer. I will have to check. It is around 1,400.
Steve Brine: So that is the pool-
Chris Grayling: That is the pool we are working with.
Q6 Steve Brine: I notice in the notes it says that "prisoners' consent is not required, although they may make representations against transfer," which rings alarm bells with me. What does that actually mean in practice, Lord Chancellor?
Chris Grayling: It means the system is not as tight as I would wish it to be. It is as set out in the original measure itself-that prisoners do have a right to object to their transfer. We also have to go through a deportation process; so we deport them and then they are released. They cannot come straight back again. This is a system that has just been bedded down. Now we are beginning to make transfers under the agreement. Not all member states have implemented it yet. Some of our bigger partners, such as Poland for example, will not be part of it until 2016. This is the kind of mechanism we will want to have in place. The ability to move prisoners from other parts of Europe out of our jails as soon as we can is one that is advantageous to us. As you rightly say, we have short-sentenced prisoners. We also have a large block of prisoners from outside the EU, but I want to see a steady reduction in the number of foreign national prisoners in our jails, and a sensible measure that enables us to do that is clearly something we would wish to be part of. I might like a more streamlined process and less discretion, but, equally, there is a balance to be had to it.
Q7 Steve Brine: Yes. Although you say it is advantageous for us to do so, is it imperative for us to do so purely from a capacity issue in the UK's prisons?
Chris Grayling: If we are going to combine budget reductions over the medium term, which I hope will not happen but I would not want to be unprepared for it, we will need to reduce the burdens on our criminal justice system. There are two obvious ways of doing that. One is for the rehabilitation reforms to have an impact and to reduce the number of people who are reoffending and going round and round the system. The other is to reduce the number of foreign national offenders. Even those 1,400 people who are eligible for transfer probably represent three prisons between them, so it is clearly advantageous if we can. There are UK prisoners in jails elsewhere, but there are more foreign national offenders in our prisons than there are UK prisoners in jails elsewhere. My judgment is that this is an obviously advantageous thing to be part of. It is not an area where I see great sovereignty concerns. It is a European agreement of the kind we would want to be part of on an intergovernmental basis. The question to me was, does the new status compromise this? In my judgment, I think this is in the national interest to be part of.
Q8 Steve Brine: Understood. Please do check this, but is the 1,400 figure that you have given a net figure?
Chris Grayling: We have 4,000 EU FNOs in total. That includes people on remand, for example, so 1,400 of those are actually eligible for transfer.
Q9 Steve Brine: The second part of my question-then I am going to hand over to my colleague Mr de Bois-is, of the six mutual recognition instruments covered by the MOJ's memorandum, you propose to opt back in to all of them except the probation measures framework decision. Try saying that! I know you told the European Scrutiny Committee last week you were concerned about the vagueness of the drafting of this. Could you just expand on that for this Committee?
Chris Grayling: One of the issues we have around the pre-Lisbon measures is that they were very often political compromises and were quite loosely drafted. Of course, what happens is, if you have a piece of loosely drafted legislation, the courts will decide what it really means. Within the UK, if we as a Parliament draft something loosely and the courts say, "That is not clear enough and this is how we are going to interpret it," and we do not like that, we can change the law. It is a very different situation at a European level. My concern is that in a number of cases-probation is probably the biggest example of this-the drafting is pretty vague.
Let me give you a specific example about that, Mr Brine. Basically, if we transfer an offender to another country to serve a period of probation, we would very probably deport them at the same time so they can't just come back again. If we then discover that they have breached their probation conditions, it is unclear what the deportation status then is if the country involved says they must be recalled to prison, for example. That is where it becomes very vague and where we might find ourselves in a position where the European Court of Justice was taking decisions about our deportation system without our ability to control it. That is a good example of why I am worried that, in measures that are vague and in a number of the measures we have rejected across the two Departments, there is an issue about vague drafting and concern that handing over effectively to the European Court of Justice the decision of what they actually mean is not in our national interest.
Q10 Chair: Your fear is that the European Court of Justice might in some way be able to override the deportation decision.
Chris Grayling: That is possible-or they would define how our deportation system could or could not work. I think that is a matter for this country and not for the European Court of Justice.
Q11 Chair: Do you have any helpful statement of your lawyers' assessment of the legal position on that? I am not looking for-
Chris Grayling: We can certainly provide a note for you of that.
Chair: Yes.
Chris Grayling: If that would be of help to you, we are very happy to do that. I should say that we have not been able to identify any situation where the probation measure has been used. It has only been implemented by a limited number of countries, and therefore I would not rule out a future Government deciding that they wanted to be part of a European probation measure; but at the moment the evidence is not there.
I also have a concern about the doing of justice. If we send somebody back to serve a period of probationary supervision elsewhere, I would want to know that they were actually going to get that period of supervision and it was going to be done properly in the way it is done in this country. It might be very tempting on occasion to say, "We have a bunch of foreign national offenders. Let's ship them out," but I do not want people reoffending elsewhere because we have not delivered adequate safeguards within our own system or made sure that those safeguards are happening elsewhere.
Q12 Chair: But does that not also apply to the supervision order?
Chris Grayling: We gave quite a lot of thought to the supervision order, and, arguably, it could apply to that. What we have seen on many occasions with the supervision order is that people who are charged in other countries may then be stranded in other countries not able to come back here, waiting for a long period of time before trial. It is probably the one I have thought about hardest as to whether we wanted to be part of that or not. I was swayed on that by the individual cases that we have seen over the years and the fact that it is almost certainly in the interests of British citizens to be able to come back and serve their periods of bail here. They are, after all, innocent until proven guilty. There have been long periods of instability for individuals in that case in the past.
Q13 Nick de Bois: Lord Chancellor, if you see it as beneficial for the mutual recognition to apply to pretrial supervision and to prisons, is it not unreasonable to think that it should also apply to probation and rehabilitation? I know I am accused often of being obsessed with the European arrest warrant, but it is interesting that Sir Scott Baker argues that for conviction EAWs, when applied, signing up to this might reduce the number of European arrest warrants. Do you agree with that view?
Chris Grayling: It could be in the future that the person in my job or Government of the day decides that they want to be part of a measure, but, to me, the big issue underlying all of this is that we are handing over, in perpetuity, jurisdiction over these areas to the court. It is not just about the philosophy of the measures themselves. Broadly speaking, I do not like the idea of passing over Justice and Home Affairs measures to the jurisdiction of the court. My natural instinct is that I want our justice system to remain a British justice system. It is one that is as good as any in the world. I want decisions about justice in this country to be taken in this Parliament, so there has to be a pretty good reason for passing control to a European level and passing jurisdiction in perpetuity to a European level. We are, on the whole, sceptical about measures that Europeanise justice.
In each of these cases we have discussed across the Government what is in the national interest, where there are strong feelings within the Government about the need to be part of them, and where there are strong feelings within the law enforcement world about the need to be part of them. We have broken it down and taken a decision one way or the other. I am not ruling out in perpetuity that we might want mutual arrangements across Europe for probation. I have not seen any evidence at the moment that what is on the table is either a good measure that is working or that it is a well drafted measure that does not have lots of question marks with it. Given those two things, I would not be acting in the national interest if I simply said, "Right, we will pass it over to the ECJ now in perpetuity."
Q14 Nick de Bois: I, for one, welcome your instincts on justice, but then that begs the question that, if we are going into negotiations, effectively, for example, as part of the overall European arrest warrant package on those negotiations, have you assessed and would you resist any attempt to insist that the UK rejoin the probation measures decisions as part of the negotiations with the EU if we say we want to opt back in to the EAW to which the Government are committed? Are you inclined to resist them if that is the case?
Chris Grayling: It is difficult to prejudge a negotiation. My position at the start of that negotiation was pretty clear and at the end it would be a matter for Parliament to decide ultimately whether what the Commission had said to us was right or not, but I do not want us to rejoin this measure and certainly I will not be offering that on the table to the Commission.
Q15 Chair: The European Court of Justice point, though, has another side to it, which is, if what you want to do is to ensure that other jurisdictions enforce something that is in the British national interest, then you have to have some means that goes beyond the jurisdiction of the UK courts, do you not?
Chris Grayling: This is one of the dilemmas, Sir Alan, in addressing these international issues. It is very easy to place an argument that says, if we do not do this, then other countries will not behave well. My view is that I am not willing to see us compromise our own sovereignty and the integrity of our own justice system in the name of getting other people to improve theirs. We have something that is very good, and all too often we find ourselves in a situation where international courts are telling us to change our system in a way that this Parliament does not support, simply because if we do not do as it says then other countries may commit worse human rights abuses. I just do not think that is sustainable.
Q16 Chair: That is a different argument that applies to things like minimum standards measures. If the issue is ensuring that you can have enforcement of something, such as the return of people under the supervision order-and clearly we think it is in the British national interest that British citizens should not be languishing in foreign jails when they have not been proven guilty-then you need some mechanism to make sure that happens.
Chris Grayling: That is why, on balance, although I would rather not philosophically make the change around the bail measure precisely because of the issue of British citizens facing trial in other countries, I have fallen on the side of saying it is a price worth paying because it is in the interests of those citizens to do. I have not seen evidence to suggest that the probation measure meets the same criteria and that is why it is not on our list.
Q17 Mr Llwyd: Good morning. I am sure, Secretary of State, you are aware of this report by the Centre for European Legal Studies at the university of Cambridge by Professor John Spencer QC and others.
Chris Grayling: I am aware of its existence. I have not actually read it.
Q18 Mr Llwyd: It has been in existence since September 2012. I would just like to ask you what your view is on one of their conclusions: "If the optout were exercised, practical considerations would force the UK to seek to opt back into many of them" -that we agree-"and the ones from which the UK could safely remove itself permanently are ones which impose no practical constraints on the UK, from which a UK optout would serve no practical purpose."
Chris Grayling: I do not accept that. First, I am very clear I would not have got us here in the first place. The idea of having to opt out en bloc and then opt back in in the way that we have is not, if I had been designing this on a blank sheet of paper, how I would have designed the process. I would prefer us to be dealing with each measure one at a time in the same way that we can deal with new measures, but the treaty says otherwise. It is there in stone. That is the process we have to work with.
If you look at the measures we are talking about, I have taken a very clear decision in principle. I do not believe that Britain should sign up to common European criminal justice penalties. There are a number of measures in here that do that where it is not in our national interest to take a step in that direction, and therefore I do not propose to do so. Equally, within the Home Office area, the Home Secretary has decided there are measures she does not want to be part of. There are also measures, as I say, which have proved pretty ineffective, but, if we hand over jurisdiction, ultimately we do not know what future decisions the court will take in relation to them.
So what we have tried to do, in our view, is to provide the best balance in the UK national interest. We have to opt out of everything en bloc if we are going to opt out of anything. This is the process that was set out in the treaty and we are simply following it. But I do not accept that, because an individual measure may not have a particularly massive effect on our criminal justice system, we should compromise on the principle of saying we do not want European penalties, because the more we have European penalties, the more we have decisions in Brussels about what the sentence for a prisoner in our courts should be, the less control we will have over our justice system and the more we will be in that creeping process that you described towards the Europeanisation of justice.
Q19 Mr Llwyd: Following on that answer, there are six measures on minimum standards for criminal offences and their penalties, which the Government do not plan to rejoin. In all cases you say that the UK, through domestic legislation, already complies with those standards and so no legislative change would be required from not rejoining. You also say there will be negligible economic impact from not rejoining. Would you agree that there is no practical legal effect from leaving these instruments either?
Chris Grayling: It is a question of principle. If we already have a tough law in a particular area, then we already have a tough law in a particular area. That is my point, Mr Llwyd. We already have a justice system that is comparable to anywhere in the world. The question is whether we want to pursue a path that will lead to fewer and fewer decisions about the nature of that justice system being taken in this Parliament rather than in Brussels. I do not believe we want to go down that route, and therefore what I am saying right now is I am not going to start. I am very firmly of the view that I do not want penalties in our courts to be decided at a European level rather than at a UK level. That is the reason for this decision.
Q20 Mr Llwyd: Is it realistic to envisage compliance proceedings against the UK in the European Court on these matters, given that we already comply in most respects?
Chris Grayling: The situation could only arise if we joined up with them, but it would inevitably constrain any future Government from taking a decision that they chose to take. My judgment is that I want sovereignty over our justice system to be here in London rather than in Luxembourg or Brussels.
Q21 Mr Llwyd: Do you think there could be some reputational damage to the UK from not rejoining them?
Chris Grayling: I don't think so. I think we have the best justice system of any anywhere in the world. It is a question of principle. Do we believe that we want the UK justice system to be a UK one or do we want it to be a European one? We talk a lot about how our system of law, our common law system and our legal traditions have an impact around the world, and the UK is looked to by many around the world as being a place where they want to come. That is why London is such a major centre for legal services to deal with complex issues. If we accept that our legal system will become more and more Europeanised, then, by definition, our USP on the world will become less and less visible.
Q22 Mr Llwyd: You keep using the word "Europeanised". I don't know whether this is the byword at the moment, but whatever that particular word means-
Chris Grayling: What it means, Mr Llwyd, is that a penalty for a criminal offence is set on a European basis, not on a UK basis. It is a decision taken that what penalty should apply in our courts will be taken by European institutions rather than the UK Parliament. That is what it means.
Q23 Mr Llwyd: But doesn't your stance undermine the notion that as partners within the European Union we should be playing a cooperative role with other partners?
Chris Grayling: I have always been supportive of playing a cooperative role with other partners, but look at what the Lisbon treaty did. I would not have signed the Lisbon treaty. The Lisbon treaty was a bad step for this country. I disagree with it. My party would have put that to the country and I suspect the country would have said no to it. The Lisbon treaty moved Justice and Home Affairs from an intergovernmental basis to one which falls under the jurisdiction of the European institutions. That is a pretty big change. The last Government, thank goodness, took a view that that is not what we wanted and negotiated the optout and I praised them for it. It has given us the flexibility to decide what measures are in our national interest in terms of cooperation across Europe when it comes to fighting serious and organised crimes, but what measures are not in our interest because they involve moving jurisdiction over matters that are clearly for this Parliament to a European level. They gave us that choice and we are very grateful that they did-and we are implementing that choice.
Q24 Andy McDonald: Good morning, Lord Chancellor. Can I ask some questions initially about matters of data protection, as we now move to a new directive on the framework decision, although it is progressing slowly. In a memorandum it has been said: "A fully functional law enforcement and criminal justice system within the EU needs to share data in an appropriate manner to protect the public and the rights of individuals." You have already provided, under cover of your letter of 7 October, reasoning in support of the Government's wish to rejoin the framework decision on data protection in the police and judicial cooperation. Do you retain concerns about the draft directive on this subject currently under negotiation in Brussels, which would replace the framework decision if agreed?
Chris Grayling: First of all, it is worth saying that the reason for seeking to rejoin the data protection framework at the moment is that it is essential for cross-border crime fighting. The transfer of data between member states is clearly important in that. We do not want to put any constraints on that. We do not see particular problems with the new directive. There are still issues that are subject to negotiation, but I don't see that as an area that we would want to not be part of.
Where we do have a significant issue at the moment in the data protection area, as you will be aware, Mr McDonald, is over the proposal for regulation that has a broader impact on business, where I am particularly concerned that in its current form the regulation would pose substantial extra costs for European businesses and for the European digital economy in a way that could do real damage to SMEs. It is worth saying that the impact assessment done by the Dutch, for example, shows a cost to Dutch business of in excess of €1 billion, which at a time of economic challenge to my mind does not make sense.
There are two parts to the debate at the moment. The directive part in relation to crossborder data exchange between law enforcement bodies is not the controversial part. That is the proposed regulation. We have argued very strongly for a directive rather than a regulation.
Q25 Chair: We, of course, reported on this on those lines.
Chris Grayling: Absolutely. My view of the data protection framework is that it is one of the ones that our law enforcement colleagues said was important to them where it is very clear that we do need to maintain cross-European mechanisms.
Q26 Andy McDonald: Do you see no potential problems with the Courts of Justice of the European Union exercising jurisdiction over arrangements for exchanges of personal data between criminal justice agencies in the UK and other member states?
Chris Grayling: If you said to me would I prefer that this was still done on an intergovernmental basis, yes, I would, but it is not, and therefore it is one of those ones where we have to take a decision and say, where does the UK national interest lie? In my judgment, this is an area that is important for us in combating crossborder crime. It is also important for us in being able to share information about people arrested in this country. It is one of those ones where, in my judgment and the Home Secretary's judgment, it is in the national interest to remain part of it.
Q27 Andy McDonald: Finally, what is the reason for not proposing to rejoin the framework decision on settlement of conflicts over jurisdiction in criminal matters? What problems would be avoided by not rejoining?
Chris Grayling: I mentioned at the start that there were really three categories of measure that we are talking about. There are those that we think are in our national interest because of the need to combat serious and organised crime; there are ones that take us down the road towards the Europeanisation of justice; and there are also ones that are pretty meaningless and where I see no need to turn them into a Europeanised system under the jurisdiction of the court. The conflict of jurisdiction is effectively a cooperation mechanism between borders in different countries. It is not one where there is a particular need to have laws in place. It is not where we feel the need to say to the ECJ, "Here, you can take control of this." It is one of those ones. There are certainly some measures where there is not a lot of impact one way or the other. They do not add up to very much. They may have been put in place for political reasons rather than legal reasons and where we are going to carry on doing it anyway because there is no barrier one way or the other to it happening. This is simply about different bodies in different countries talking to each other. That is not going to stop.
Q28 Graham Stringer: I very much follow the logic of the pick and mix; you want us to be part of the processes that will be of benefit but not have a Europeanised justice system. I follow that logic. You probably know the history of the European Union better than I do. Do you not think there is a thin-end-of-the-wedge argument here-that you go so far and gradually those 35 measures get absolved into the other measures?
Chris Grayling: There is definitely a thin-end-of-the-wedge issue. The reality is that there is a determination in Brussels to create a much more Europeanised system, to go much further than European Justice and Home Affairs measures have gone so far. I do not agree with that at all. We have optouts available to us in JHA measures, but it is also the case-and it is on record from the Council-that the Commission has tried in recent months to introduce measures under different parts of the treaty that are not subject to our type of live optouts, in an attempt to make sure that those measures apply across the whole European Union. This is a battle and it is one of the reasons why I am strongly in favour of renegotiation of our membership of the EU, because there is no doubt that there are those who would like to take this much, much further.
What I am trying to do at the moment is to make sure we use the treaty in the UK national interest, that we take advantage of the things that we have that protect our national interest, but we also have to be mindful of the fact that there are some things where if we were not part of them it would cause a very obvious and immediate problem to our law enforcement authorities. In a world of some pretty unpleasant serious and organised crime that crosses borders, it would be something that Government feel would not be right to do.
Q29 Graham Stringer: On that democratic basis, I suppose, is it your intention to put these 35 optins for debate on the Floor of the House of Commons with the comments and recommendations of the different Committees that have considered it?
Chris Grayling: Before anything is finally agreed, there will be a full vote in the House. There will be full publication of all the documentation we have available. At that point we will be able to set out what the view of the Commission is because we have not had that detailed conversation. It will ultimately be a matter for Parliament to decide what we opt back into.
Q30 Graham Stringer: I am not quite sure what that means. Does that mean after you have negotiated the 35 optins there will be a debate on whether they are the right 35?
Chris Grayling: We have to do it that way round because, of course, we are in negotiation with the Commission as well. I guess we have to say to Parliament, "Please don't tie our hands for that negotiation," because if we have effectively agreed a UK position before that negotiation there is not much room for negotiation. What we have to do is listen to Parliament, have discussions with the Commission on the basis of the views both of the Government and of Parliament, but then bring the Commission's views back to Parliament to say, "Is that okay or not?"
Q31 Graham Stringer: I understand that now. It is the end of a process.
Chris Grayling: Yes.
Q32 Graham Stringer: The Commons will to get to discuss it. The optins are irrevocable. What about the optouts? Can they be negotiated at some time in the future?
Chris Grayling: If we take the example of probation, if all the concerns about probation were allayed, I doubt that that is going to happen in the next 18 months, but it is possible for a future Government to decide to opt back in to that, or, indeed, there may be a successor measure that comes along and it is possible for Government to opt back in to that. None of the optouts are in perpetuity. They are the current the judgment of this Government as to what we want to be part of. I am not sure that any future Government would take a radically different view, but if it does it has the opportunity to do so.
Q33 Graham Stringer: We will, if we opt in, rejoin the Euro justice system. If that grows a European Public Prosecutor's Office, what will be the Government's attitude to that?
Chris Grayling: We are not in favour of a European Public Prosecutor. The coalition agreement states very clearly that we will not be a part of that. There are serious misgivings among other member states. The European Public Prosecutor will involve a real watershed step for this country and other member states because it allows an international body to initiate proceedings in this country, and that is not a route we are going to go down.
Q34 Chair: That is an interesting answer you gave because, whereas earlier you were referring to determination in the Commission to Europeanise justice, you rightly pointed out in the case of the European Public Prosecutor that quite a number of member states are not happy to go in this direction. Would it not be more accurate to describe an institution in which there is a tension at times between the Commission's plans, ideas and visions and the views of member states? Yet, in most of your answers to our questions, it is, as it were, the UK versus the Commission that seems to be your way of looking at it, whereas we have many member state colleagues in the European Union who have either similar concerns or different concerns that are equally important to them, which may mean they do not agree with the Commission?
Chris Grayling: That is true. One of the challenges we have in the European institutions is the current position of the Council, because, of course, the Lisbon treaty gave codecision making to the Parliament. My sense is that the Council needs to assert its opinions more strongly, but that requires other member states to be willing to do that. I will obviously continue to encourage my colleagues to do so. It is sensible for us to engage in constructive discussion but there are some areas where we just have to say no. The idea of having prosecutions taking place in this country outwith the remit of our prosecutor is one I am not willing to countenance.
Q35 Chair: This Committee has in the past recorded its opposition to the idea of a European Public Prosecutor, but so have a number of other countries too. Again, you refer to the Parliament. Parliament is elected by the citizens of all the member states. Again, you are attempting to lump it with the Commission as simply an institution with a single objective, whereas it is a Parliament, with all the diverse opinions that a Parliament contains.
Chris Grayling: It is of course, but it is the Council that is supposed to be the strong voice of member states. I would like to see the Council exert a stronger voice in some of these matters.
Q36 Chair: Just on another point, the larger part of the measures in the optout area comes within the Home Office's responsibility, including the European arrest warrant, for example. Have any of the decisions you have made been contingent upon Home Office decisions in relation to other measures?
Chris Grayling: No. We have sat down and had constructive discussions. The Home Secretary and I met police chiefs together, people in the intelligence services and so forth; so we did a lot of this together. There has not really been any issue of pressures one way or the other.
Q37 Gareth Johnson: Do you ideally see these 35 optin measures as something that would be rolled out globally rather than simply being kept as a European Union issue? It seems to me that some of these measures can be avoided simply by stepping outside the European Union, and therefore perhaps this is something where we need to look beyond the European Union in due course. I appreciate that is not the immediate decision you are making, but in time to come.
Chris Grayling: I would like to see the kind of measures that we are talking about within Europe shown around the world. I am not sure I would want to give the European Union complete discretion to negotiate agreements for us. We have been having little battles in the European Court of Justice over them doing this in relation to social security payments, for example. There are those who want to create a European Government and want the European Commission to act as their Government and want to take all those decisions for us. I am very keen to see cooperation in crime-fighting matters around the world but I do want decisionmaking about what is in the UK national interest, where it possibly can, to remain in the UK.
Q38 Jeremy Corbyn: You have used the word "Europeanisation" about 20 times this morning already. Is this part of your campaign to withdraw Britain from the European Convention on Human Rights as well?
Chris Grayling: The two are very different issues. What we are talking about today is the creation of a European legal framework for justice within the European Union. As you know, the legal framework around the European Court of Human Rights is a very different one. It belongs to the Council of Europe; so, no, they are very different things.
Chair: Thank you very much indeed. At that point we will move to the other subject for this morning.


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What is Hepcvir-L Used For?
Hepcvir-L is used to treat chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 1 in adults. Hepcvir-L is an antiviral drug that contains 2 active ingredients: 90mg of ledipasvir and 400mg of sofosbuvir. Ledipasvir, an inhibitor of the HCV NS5A protein, and sofosbuvir, an inhibitor of the HCV NS5B RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, work together to stop the replication of hepatitis C virus genotype 1.
The recommended dosage of Hepcvir-L is 1 tablet taken once daily with or without food. This treatment regimen may vary if you have hepatitis or HIV-1 co-infection. If a dose is missed, take it as soon as you remember, unless it is already time for the next dose. Do not take a double dose to compensate for a missed dose.
Hepcvir-L follows the same contraindications for ribavirin. For example, patients with autoimmune hepatitis or hemoglobinopathies are not recommended to take this medication. Additionally, if you are allergic to ledipasvir, sofosbuvir or any of the other components in this formulation, do not use it.
Hepcvir-L Side Effects
Common side effects include:
- Abnormal fatigue;
- Headache;
- Insomnia;
- Nausea;
- Diarrhea;
- Cough;
- Muscle aches;
- irritability.
Severe side effects inlcude:
- Depression;
- Serious symptomatic bradycardia;
- skin rashes, usually accompanied by blisters.
Speak to your medical practitioner if any adverse reactions occur.
If you have underlying medical conditions, you may experience major health complications if Hepcvir-L is accidentally co-administered with unsuitable drugs. For example, when ledipasvir and sofosbuvir were administered concomitantly with amiodarone, there were documented post-marketing cases of symptomatic bradycardia and cardiac arrest, which required pacemaker intervention. Patients with underlying cardiac problems and/or advanced liver disease, or those who taking beta-blockers, may be at an increased risk of developing symptomatic bradycardia when they are co-administered with amiodarone. Consult a doctor before considering this medication.
Drug Interactions
Since this antiviral medication contains both ledipasvir and sofosbuvir, any drugs that interact with these 2 components can also interact with Hepcvir-L tablets.
These drugs may include:
- Antacids (e.g. aluminum and magnesium hydroxide);
- Antiarrhythmic agents (e.g. amiodarone, digoxin);
- Anticonvulsants (e.g. carbamazepine, phenytoin);
- Antimycobacterial agents (e.g. rifabutin, rifampin, rifapentine);
- HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (e.g. rosuvastatin);
- Proton pump inhibitors (e.g. omeprazole);
- And herbal supplements (e.g. St. John's Wort).
Pregnancy & Lactation
There is currently no adequate research on the use of ledipasvir and sofosbuvir in pregnant women. There is also no clinical research regarding whether this drug is excreted in human breast milk. Therefore, it is best to consult a doctor if you are pregnant, planning to get pregnant, or breastfeeding to discuss your and your children's safety.
Currently, there is no known antidote for ledipasvir and sofosbuvir overdoses. If you have accidentally overdosed on Hepcvir-L, you must be monitored by a doctor for any signs of toxicity. In order to avoid an overdose, do not take more than the recommended dose prescribed by your physician. If you do not feel as if your medication is working, discuss alternatives with your doctor.
Alternative Brand Names
Hepcvir-L is also known as Harvoni in the US and Canada
Reviews are only written by verified customers who have purchased this product.

subset: commoncrawl


text: by Euronews American singer Chris Isaak pays a musical tribute to the legendary singers such as Elvis Presely and Jerry Lee Lewis discovered by Sun Studios in Memphis; the 1950s birthplace of rock 'n' roll, country and rockabilly. Beyond The Sun is a collection of covers of classic recordings originally released on Sun Records. euronews.net


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On May 18 2017, around 11.45am New York time, Richard Rojan drives a red Honda Accord into pedestrins walking on 7th Avenue on Times Square. There were 23 victims, including one young woman from Michigan (18) who died.
Personally I believe there was a car driving on the pavement in Times Square on May 18. But any normal person comfortably walking, would already have searched cover in or near a shop. The moment you hear screams, your instinct will tell you to move away from the centre of the street/pavement (find cover). To make sure everyone is finding cover, you can simply put some "helpers" along the route, to make sure disabled people, children and elderly, are also responding fast enough.
Next, victims are needed, who do not get out of the away fast enough. When they are given proper stuntman training, they know how to fall on the car and roll-over safely. By increasing the speed of the film, the effects seem more realistic. Notice, how people move more quickly then is natural? This is not just running, they increased the speed of the film. People don't walk like that.
The only thing left to do, is make sure the victims remain on the pavement, with enough blood on them. It can be done.
- At 0.23s in the above (first) video, it shows how the Honda is able to make the U-turn after the traffic lights. First, the (bus) yellow taxi behind him stops before the traffic lights. The white van behind him in the middle lane, drives very slowly, apparantly to move to the left lane, but he does not move to the left, untill after the lights turn red again. The red Honda can now easily turn right, as it is before the traffic from the left can start driving again.
- The person with the suitcase-on-wheels waits in front of the zebra-street-crossing, even though he is allowed to cross the street. By having four people being hit at once the moment the car enters the pavement, everyone else is alarmed.
- Likely, the driver is a professional stuntman too. Either they trained him beforehand, or Richard Rojas switched places after the car was crashed. The street apphrehension where he was caught, includes a lot of man.


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In life there are age periods, representing an increased number of problems for psychiatry. This is the age of the organism growth and development of the mental sphere and late age with its processes of biological and psychological adjustment.
Decided to allocate the following ages.
Infancy - up to 1 year
A child up to 12 years
Adolescence (adolescence) - from 12 to 16 years
Youth from 16 to 22 years
Maturity - from 22 to 50 years old inclusive
Reverse development-51-70 years
Old age is over 70 years
Currently there is a tendency to expand the boundaries of adolescence to 17, 18 or even 20 years, i.e. to consider teenage transitional stage between childhood with its total dependence on senior and adult age with its capacity for independent living, reproduction and upbringing of offspring.
Tasks of mental health in relation to child, adolescent and youth age can be solved only on the basis of knowledge about the laws of growth and development of the organism, age anatomical and physiological features of the man. The maturation of the psyche undergoes a number of stages, each of which has its own distinctive features. The most important stages of development of the mind are the following:
1st - motor - up to 1 year
2nd-course - 3 years
3rd - affective - from 3 to 12 years
4th - ideational - from 12 to 14-16 years
In the selection of stages and the limitation of their time there is artificial, because the mentality of the person develops a whole, in all its spheres. However, in accordance with the data of Russian psychology main content of the mental development is the change in the functional structure of consciousness, the alteration at each stage of ontogenesis. Here, each time a dominant position is one of a mental process. The designation of phases highlights the maturity level of the psyche, its new, the most typical quality achieved to a certain age. This should be considered to create optimal conditions for the development of the psyche and personality formation.
At the organization of psychological prevention must be taken into account: 1) the age peculiarities of the psyche; 2) the uneven uneven mental development; 3) the fact faster mental development in the first years of life; 4) the typological peculiarities of mental response children. During the development of inherited the program is deployed in conditions of influence of the external environment, which may be at different stages deterrent enhancing or modifying. The task of mental health and psychological prevention is to make these effects are most relevant to current generations genetic program.
Early childhood and issues of mental health,
A child is born with a certain set of instincts and of course-reflex reactions vitally important stimuli: hunger, pain, etc. On the basis of these reactions are conditioned reflexesthat form the basis of all mental activity of an adult. With 3-4 months begin full operations of all the senses, non-directed first of motion assume the nature of appropriate responses to irritation analyzers. Baby gets tired easily, sleeps a lot, that protects it from overload impressions. However, in the situation, poor external influences, the full development can not be. Recently much attention to itself attracts a question about the role of the contact with the mother for the development of the child's mind. It has been suggested that the mother for the baby is necessary not only because it provides the breast milk, but also as a source of vital stimuli.
At the beginning of our century, special attention was attracted by the fact that almost 100% mortality of infants who were in American homes. Isolated from the mother of the children had become apathetic, stopped to eat and sleep, lose weight, weakened. The children were well if they soon returned to their mothers. It was found that the deprivation of contact with the mother leaves the deepest mark, if it falls on the first days, months or years of life. These children, who lived in later in the conditions of a caring, loving relationship to them as adults found signs of psychic infantilism, aggressive reactions, impulsive actions, lack of initiative, they had broken relationships with other people. Similar changes were found in the baby monkeys growing up in isolation, without mother. Such animals were growing weak, looked bleak, feared, they observed attacks of rage or torture. If these females appeared offspring, they were not able to observe the maternal behaviour; to her cubs, they showed aggression, some were tortured them to death.
These and other experiments on animals, monitor the development of children showed that more recent forms of behaviour and the mechanisms that determine the relationship between individuals of the same species, especially family relationships among people are formed on the basis of the experience acquired very early, soon after birth. The Central element of this process is the feeling of love, attachment to the mother, which is then transferred onto other people and in the distant future determines the attitude towards their children. If this link in the education falls, the process of mental development of the child is corrupted.
Age mental hygiene
In life there are age periods, representing an increased number of problems for psychiatry. This is the age of the organism growth and development of the mental sphere and late age with its processes of biological and psychological adjustment.


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With Much Professionalism
Sawako Nakayasu - "Capacity." At a crowded party, the poem's speaker and a companion slip out for some fresh air ("be right back"), only to find the balcony crammed to capacity. "What happened next is true...." Two uniformed men, white-gloved like the Tokyo subway workers whose job it is to eliminate such interstices as may remain between rush-hour passengers, mount the staircase and head—"with much professionalism"—for the doors of the balcony. The poem ends with the direct presentation of their imperatives, the first two transparent enough, the final one cryptic. • For the longest time I thought the final sounds of the text aimed, through the noise of cross-language phonological transfer, at the words "kiss you," and the abrupt abandonment of body-packing "professionalism" for limb-loosening libido cracked me up. I've grown less sure of that interpretation with time, but no other unequivocal lexical candidates emerge to replace it: is this the one moment when the poem resorts not only to a "Japanese accent," but to an actual Japanese word? • The accent, perhaps you will have gathered, is feigned, laid on thick—which is to say it belongs to the interpretable performance and is not something to be screened out on the way to the "real" message. How such a displacing strategy, bending the distorted allophony of "accent" to its own artistic aims, relates to the graphic mimesis of speech labeled "dialect" remains to be explored. In the meantime, one of the pleasures of the audiofile as text: to be relieved of received pronunciation ("unaccented speech") as normative horizon.Sawako Nakayasu edits the magazine Factorial and writes the blog Insect Tutelage. Her new book, Nothing Fictional But the Accuracy or Arrangement (She, just came out from Quale Press. The two disc audio issue of Kenning magazine, on which this recording of "Capacity" originally appeared, is archived online at PennSound.
[Originally posted 6 March 2006] Elsewhere on Third Factory: index, ensemble, nb, links.
Sunday -- 31 December 2006 -- permalink
The Lipstick of Noise is a product of the Third Factory Inspired by the music blogs And by Paul Blackburn's reel-to-reel deck. Intending to make good use of PENNSound and other sources of digital audio files of poetry Comments welcome XML.


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A new way to wish birthday to someone special with their name and personal photo. Get birthday cake for brother with name and photo on it. Make his day special.
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Our best online editor provides free services so that you can easily wish birthday to your loved ones. Support us "Photo Birthday Cake Editor With Name", share with your friends and family.


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I won't be updating the Left & Write blog anymore, but I'll leave it up for now in case you want to see any of the old blog posts and read through the archives.
Thanks everyone for your support!
Who knows, I may be back with another creative project. I'll document any future arts and crafts adventures here... so stick around.


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You have another baby on the way. Your aging parents have decided to move in. You are starting your own home-based business. There is an endless supply of reasons why a family may need to move up to a bigger, or nicer, home.
How do you know, though, that now is a good time to move up? Let's examine a few issues that will lead you to your answer.
Interest Rates. There is a huge difference between buying a home at 5 percent interest (June 2010), and buying one at, say, 13 percent interest (February 1983). The available rates can change from week to week, and how you qualify depends largely on your credit rating. The first order of business when considering interest rates is to contact a local mortgage lender to find out what rates would be available to you on what loans. Keep in mind rates also vary depending on the type of loan for which you are applying (fixed, adjustable, conforming, jumbo, 30 year, 15 year, etc.).
Income. Moving up to a bigger or nicer house will more than likely mean a bigger mortgage payment. Take an honest look at your budget to see if this makes sense for your family.
Equity. This is one way to avoid a bigger mortgage payment. If you have built substantial equity in your current home, and are selling in a good sellers market where you expect to receive around your asking price, then you could apply your profits from the sale of your current home towards your new mortgage.
Market Conditions. To find out your own local market conditions, contact your local real estate agent, or visit Real Estate-Realtor Times. Is your market favoring buyers or sellers? Are homes selling quickly? Are prices appreciating or falling? These are all important questions to answer.
Wish list. Many first homes are starter homes, and as families grow, needs change. Neighborhoods changes as well, as residents age and jobs come and go. Take a moment to consider what area of town would be best for your family. Think about schools, commute times, and neighborhood amenities.
Use these simple issues as a starting point on your journey to a new home.


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ABAABA products in the shop
ABA is a swedish company making all sorts of spare parts, like quality stainless steel hose clamps.
ABA products in the shop
ABA products in the shop
Race.Fi delivers a wide variety of performance car parts. Below is a listing of some brands we supply. Other brands are also available by request.
Each brand links to it's products in our webshop. We can usually supply you with all the products from a brand even if they are not listed in our webshop.


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How To Get $1 Jeans May 01 2016
Rainy days in winter are the worst. They're dark and dreary and cold. Rainy days in spring are so nice, though. Everything's green, I don't have to water the garden, and no one wants to stand out in the rain at a jumble sale haggling. It's the little things.


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Issued at 10:25 AM
Lightning in January?
As a cold front moves through our area today, expect occasional wind and rain, along with possible thunderstorms in the afternoon. Once the front passes, temperatures will return back to the mid 30's and 40's for the high. Another cold front will pass through on Friday before High pressure sets in for the weekend.
Tonight- Showers continue with a chance of a thunderstorm. South wind picks up to between 15-25 mph, gusting up to 30 mph. Temperatures fall into the low 40s. Low 41. Chance of precipitation 70%.
Tomorrow- Skies clear for mostly sunny skies with a west wind between 10-15 mph. Temperatures stay cool in the mid 40s. High 46.
Tomorrow Night- Mostly cloudy skies with a slight chance of snow showers between 2 am and 8 am. West wind between 5-15 mph. Temperatures drop into the upper 20s. Low 29. Chance of precipitation 20%.
Friday- Mostly sunny skies with a northwest wind between 15-20 mph. Temperatures only reach the upper 30s. High 38.
Friday Night- Mostly clear skies with temperatures sinking into the low 20s. Low 21.
Saturday- Partly cloudy with temperatures rising into the low 40s. High 43.
Forecasted by Kennett and Hutcherson


text:
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For more information, please see the links below:
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If you have any other questions, please contact us for further assistance.
White Beach Glass Orb Lamp
Inspired by modern urban decor while window shopping, beachglass artist Norra Mirosevic thought orbs in solid coloured seaglass would look great. White beach glass set on a spiral wire frame forming this circular style lamp, blending ceramic shards and shells to showcase her unique west coast stained glass style. This beautiful and functional lamp is equipped with a maxium 40 watt socket, power cord on/off switch and balances on a three legged stand with rubber ends to protect furniture.
Medium: Beach Glass / Tin-Lead Solder
Width: 10" Circumference


text:
Faq STILL WANT TO KNOW MORE? Check FAQs.
Tribitor® is a patent-pending technology that helps reduce food's glycemic index, reducing and glucose and insulin spikes after high carbohydrate meals. It's been also clinically confirmed that Tribitor® helps reduce the episodes of post-meal hypoglycaemia manifested with the cravings for sugar-rich food.
Glycemic index (GI) describes the process of carbohydrate digestion and glucose absorption into the bloodstream. Carbohydrates with high GI break down quickly during digestion and release glucose rapidly, triggering glucose spikes.
Carbohydrates with low GI break down more slowly and release glucose gradually into the blood- stream resulting in lower glucose and insulin spikes.
The results of scientific research indicate significantly lower risk of type 2 diabetes in persons who consume lower glycemic load diets, while diets with a high glycemic index and glycemic load increase the risk of type 2 diabetes, metabolic disorders and CVDs.
Consumption of low GI foods may favour the prevention and control abdominal obesity and the associated metabolic diseases.
High GL and GI diet were associated with significantly increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, specifically for women.
It's a rapid release of glucose and then insulin after carbohydrate-rich meal. Your body produces insulin to regulate blood glucose level.
This rapid insulin "reaction" often makes the glucose drop even below the level prior to sugar-rich food. And then the cycle repeats – your body senses low glucose level, hunger response is activated and again – the craving for sugar-rich food occurs.
Repetitive glucose and insulin spikes may lead to insulin resistance, pancreas exhaustion and metabolic disorders (so called metabolic syndrome).
While the pancreas consistently overproduces insulin in response to elevated glucose level, fat cannot be released from fat tissue as a back-up energy source when glucose level drops. This leads to over-eating and a nearly unavoidable path to obesity.
Tribitor® helps mitigate the negative impact of eating high GI and carbohydrate-rich foods (such as white bread, boiled potatoes, pasta, rice, cakes or other treats and cheat meals) – it helps reduce food's glycemic index and post-meal glucose and insulin spikes. Clinical trials have shown that Tribitor® also helps fight sugar cravings.
We don't want to give up the tasty high-carbohydrate food. Tribitor® helps reduce the negative impact of eating carbohydrate-rich foods and enjoy the occasional treats without guilt. It's for those who'd like or need support in controlling body weight and waist circumference, experience sugar cravings or evening consumption habits.
Diabetics shouldn't be using Tribitor® without consulting the diabetic specialist. In case of diabetic patients carbohydrates' digestion might already be managed with prescribed medications.
It means that the content of active ingredients is controlled in given extracts' amount – e.g. the content of the units of alfa-amylase inhibition in white bean extract, the content of 1-DNJ in white mulberry extract, the content of chlorogenic acid in green coffee extract.
Yes, there are no animal-derived ingredients in the formula.
Empty one sachet of Tribitor® into the glass of water, stir. Drink 15 minutes before a carbohydrate- rich meal. Do not exceed 2 sachets daily.
The time of foods digestion is a varied matter – it depends on our individual abilities and the kind of the food. It's difficult to unequivocally tell, how long the product remains active in specific case. It is more relevant to define the carbohydrate-rich dishes within the meal (these are usually either the main course and/or the dessert) and take Tribitor® 15 minutes before.
The sachet's content may be consumed directly, without being dissolved in water. You might expect more intense flavour then, with product's action unchanged. What's important is to take the full dose that's packed into single sachet.
Recommended daily dose is up to 2 sachets. On one hand it's because of the maximum content of active compounds allowed by legal regulations, on the other – it results from the fact that in most cases not all the daily meals are carbohydrate-rich.
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Tribitor® comes in natural citrus flavour, packed in 30-sachet box.
It's a 1-month supply, when used 1x day, before the main carbohydrate meal.


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Dave Haslam's new book, 'Sonic Youth Slept On My Floor' has just been published by Constable. It's an ode to his time in Manchester, from 1980 when he arrived in the city from his Birmingham home to study English Literature, right through until what he's been up to in more recent times, but as you'd expect given Dave's Haçienda legacy, particular emphasis is placed on his time as DJ at the much-hallowed venue, and the clubs that orbited around it.
Tag Archives | Dave Haslam
A Couple Of Book Recommendations
Meant to give both of these the heads-up in recent months, and certainly ahead of Christmas, but I've been so swamped with other stuff I haven't had chance.
Disco Now Disco Then
Daft Punk are sitting pretty at the top of the UK singles chart for the first time. The track in question, 'Get Lucky', taken from their forthcoming album, 'Random Access Memories', came as something of a surprise, for instead of hitching itself to the current EDM juggernaut that's sweeping America, the French duo have completely bucked the trend by drawing their influence from Disco, featuring its most celebrated guitarist, the great Nile Rodgers of the Chic Organisation (as well as R&B vocalist, Pharrell Williams). A media sensation, it's everywhere at the moment – on the radio, on the TV, in the clubs and, of course, all over the internet, becoming the most streamed new release in Spotify history. It's already been re-edited by a whole host of DJs and is pretty much nailed on to be the single of the summer.
Video Blog – Happy Mondays 'Wrote For Luck' & 'WFL'
Happy Mondays 'Wrote For Luck' & 'WFL'
Filmed at Legend, Manchester 1988 & 1989
Sit Down! Listen To This!
Whilst DJ obsessives in this country could tell you the minutia with regards to New York's celebrated club culture of the '70s, I'm often surprised to find that they know precious little about what was happening here in the UK at the same time David Mancuso, Nicky Siano, Larry Levan and the other NY legends of the '70s were bringing Disco to the fore. Maybe they think that there wasn't much happening here, and that UK DJs were simply following the US lead, whilst, to the contrary, nothing could be further from the truth – go back into the '70s, before Disco hit its stride, and you'll find hugely influential figures including Ian Levine, Colin Curtis and Les Spaine in the North, Chris Hill, Bob Jones and George Power in the South – DJs with a wealth of knowledge between them, who made their mark on popular culture here at root level. These are giants, upon the shoulders of which subsequent generations of British DJs stand, whether they know it or not.
The Haçienda – 30 Years On
One of the world's most celebrated clubs, The Haçienda in Manchester, opened 30 years ago today, on Friday May 21st 1982. In June 2007, a little after the 25th anniversary, the inimitable Manchester-based writer / musician, John Robb, author of books including 'The North Will Rise Again: Manchester Music City 1976-1996' (2009), 'The Stone Roses And The Resurrection Of British Pop' (1996) and 'Punk Rock: An Oral History' (2006), did a short interview with me about the club's legacy:
It Was Back In '82
One of the defining moments of my DJ career took place exactly 30 years ago, on Monday May 10th 1982, when my first radio mix was broadcast on Mike Shaft's show, 'T.C.O.B' (Taking Care Of Business), on Manchester's hugely influential Piccadilly Radio, which played a major part in bringing black / dance music to wider attention during the '70s and '80s – from Soul, Funk and Disco, through Jazz-Funk and Electro, and on into Hip Hop, House and Techno. I go into its rich legacy in greater depth here:


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As we monitor the COVID-19 situation, we will remain open for emergencies only
while following strict guidelines to ensure your safety . If you have an emergency
message or call our office today.
Bad breath can be embarrassing. If it is persistent, however, it may also be an indication of more serious oral health problems. Fortunately, chronic bad breath or halitosis can often be eliminated by improving oral hygiene and diet or undergoing simple treatments. Dr. Ron Shiver offers diagnosis and treatment for bad breath at his Valdosta, GA, clinic, where he has been in practice for over 35 years.
Everyone deals with bad breath once in a while. However, it usually fades after brushing or flossing. In contrast, chronic bad breath will linger despite regular oral hygiene. Other symptoms of halitosis include:
In most cases, there is not a single cause but a combination of several factors. Some of these include:
The cause of your bad breath will usually determine the treatment. Common options include improved oral hygiene practices and regular dental cleanings. Effectively treating halitosis may require changes in certain habits, such as cessation of tobacco use and dietary modifications. In many cases, Dr. Shiver can treat halitosis with oral medications and rinses that eliminate bacteria and freshen breath. If a post-nasal drip is contributing to your halitosis, Dr. Shiver can prescribe steroids.
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text:
Romance RPG
Original novel in Chinese by: 御我 (Yu Wo)
Part Thirty-two—translated by Minna (proofread by Trespasserby & Arcedemius; C/E edited by lucathia)
A shout interrupted the oath, but this voice was too familiar, and Meng immediately turned her head and shouted loudly, "Sword Spirit?"
What she saw, however, wasn't a sword at all, but a man who was almost transparent. The sight shocked everyone there—he looked exactly like Prince Edward, and also exactly like Lin Jian Yin.
Meng was confused as well. Who is this? Is he my Sword Spirit? Or, or is he Lin Jian Yin?
"Meng, don't marry someone else." Lin Jian Yin rushed over worriedly.
"You evil demon, you actually dare to interrupt this wedding!"
The priest dressed in black cried out. Suddenly, Lin Jian Yin found himself unable to move at all. He couldn't even open his mouth. He tried hard to make "uh, oh" sounds for a long time, but couldn't make any noise. After a gush of air suddenly cleared his throat, Lin Jian Yin found his voice again. Inside his mind, he made a guess and said, Thank you, God Charity…
Lin Jian Yin immediately shouted, "Meng, hurry up and come to my side."
"Who, who are you?" Meng was startled. She wasn't able to determine who the person in front of her was, yet.
"It's me, Sword Spirit!" Although Lin Jian Yin found his voice again, his body still couldn't move. At the same time, he noticed that the antique store's other owner was actually the one standing behind the podium as the witness. Lin Jian Yin felt so anxious that his face flushed red.
Meng was still doubtful. "Why does your appearance look exactly like Prince Edward's?"
"What are you saying about me looking like him!" Lin Jian Yin said, flustered and exasperated, "He's the one who looks like me. I'm Lin Jian Yin, and you're my manager, Ye Meng Ling!"
Meng blanked out for a moment, saying with trembling lips, "Lin Jian Yin? You're really Lin Jian Yin?"
"I'm Lin Jian Yin, but also your Sword Spirit." Lin Jian Yin kept his tone as gentle as possible. He didn't want to frighten Meng, and he hadn't wanted to announce the truth at this occasion, but if he didn't say it now, he was afraid that Meng wouldn't come with him.
Meng covered her face and didn't say anything for a long, long time. Yet, you could tell that she was very emotional from the way her chest was heaving.
When he saw no response from Meng, Lin Jian Yin started to feel more anxious. "Meng, listen to me. You can't marry Edward. If you marry him, you won't ever be able to leave this game. You have to choose me to be able to leave this place."
Meng still didn't say anything.
"Leave? Why would she want to leave this place?" Devil Chaos lazily said, "Just by staying here, she will have a perfect husband. As the princess of the kingdom, no one will make fun of her, and she won't have to endure a very successful singer's nonsense, or a sword's malicious words."
Devil Chaos's words made Meng's body start to tremble.
"Don't listen to his nonsense anymore!" Lin Jian Yin bellowed, "Meng, Meng, you don't want to stay in this game forever, right?"
Meng slowly lowered her hands. Her eyes were full of grief and indignation. "What do you want? You already knew that I was Ye Meng Ling but didn't tell me, and you even played the role of Sword Spirit all this time. Did you think it was amusing lying to me like this?"
Hearing Meng's criticism, Lin Jian Yin grew frenetic and didn't know what would be for the best. "No, no, it's not like that. I only wanted to help you change."
"I waited beside the furnace for a very long time and thought you died for real." Meng's tears were swirling in her eyes, but she tried hard to hold them back, stubbornly not letting them roll down.
Seeing Meng putting up a front, keeping her tears back, Lin Jian Yin's heart hurt. He barely squeezed out, "It hasn't actually been that long outside…"
"Do you still remember, how I told you before the ball that I didn't want to go anymore?"
Meng looked straight at Lin Jian Yin. "At that time, I was very serious about it. I really didn't want to attend the ball anymore. I was very happy spending the days together with Sword Spirit. If it were possible, I would've wanted to always and always be together with Sword Spirit, even if he didn't have a body and didn't have a face. The only thing he had, was a mouth, which was also so malicious… yet sincere."
Lin Jian Yin almost wasn't able to say anything. When he interrupted Meng back then, what had he told her?
"You told me not to be stupid anymore and to quickly go and catch the prince." The corner of Meng's eye glistened, but she immediately swiped it away.
"I…" Never before did Lin Jian Yin want to curse his own mouth as much as now.
"I've caught him now. You're supposed to be happy for me. Why have you come to stop me?" Meng smiled, like she was trying to persuade everyone else and also herself. She said, "Edward is the most perfect man I have ever met. He's gentle, considerate, has the elegance of a gentleman, and also knows how to value others. With this kind of man, what's there to be picky about?"
Meng turned around and said to Devil Chaos, "Will you ask me again, please?"
Devil Chaos glanced at the frenetic-looking Lin Jian Yin and said, satisfied, "Of course, no problem. Meng, do you take Edward to be your wedded husband, in sickness and in health, and pledge yourself only to him until death do you part?"
Meng took a deep breath. "I do—"
"But I love you!" Lin Jian Yin yelled, nearly hysterical, "IloveyouIloveyouIloveyou… I'm asking you, I'm begging you, don't get married to someone else. Don't be anywhere I can't reach you. Don't give up on me!"
Meng's back stiffened.


text:
2015 Regal 53 Sport Coupe53'
Annapolis, MD
Like new condition! Luxury boating at it's finest in this 2 stateroom / 2 head Sport Coupe yacht. Enjoy your time on the water in world-class comfort and design with the SeaKeeper Stabilizer system, SkyHook, twin Cummins QSB 550's w/ Zeus Pod Drives, gorgeous interior spaces and well-designed deck and cockpit space.
Speed & Distance
Engine 1
Engine 2
No detail was overlooked with the luxurious interior of this 2 stateroom coupe.
- Birch w/ Rosewood flooring
- Portside Settee converts to third sleeping area
- High/low table for dining or cocktails
- Bose Cinematic Gemstone Audio Home Theater System
- Fusion MSIP700 Stereo System
- Overhead cabinetry
- Oversized hull side windows
- 50" HD Samsung LED TV in retractable compartment
- Samsung blue ray disc player
- Positive locking doors
- Washer and Dryer in Master Stateroom
- LED interior lighting
- Dulce Dune Leather touch salon sofa
- Black Cherry cabinetry
Aft Master Stateroom and Head:
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- 32" HD Samsung LED TV
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- Deluxe wand style shower head
- S/S towel racks
- Ample storage shelves
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- Cedar lined hanging closet
- Bedding, towels and pillows included
Forward Guest Stateroom and Head:
- Queen berth w/ Under berth storage
- Cedar lined garment storage
- Birch w/ Rosewood flooring
- Pearl/Midnight bloom fabric
- Deluxe acrylic glass shower enclosure
- Deluxe wand style shower head
- Dual private door access (salon and stateroom)
- Electric self-macerating head
- Glass vessel sink
- S/S towel rack
- Giallo Veneziana granite vanity
- Cedar lined new hanging closets
- Bedding, towels and pillows included
- Full-height spacious shower compartment w/ teak self draining grated floor
- Cuisinart Convection Microwave w/ Broiler
- Kenyon electric 2-burner cooktop stove
- "Sub Zero" refrigerator and 2-drawer freezer with integral ice maker
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- Storage drawers
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- (3) Automatic Bilge Pumps (2-1500 GPS and 1-3700 GPH)
- Automatic fire suppression system
- 16,000 BTU AC (Master Stateroom and Galley)
- 16,000 BTU AC (Salon and Fwd Stateroom)
- 16,000 BTU AC (Helm Deck)
- Central vacuum system
- Convenience engine room fresh water wash down
- Individual valve controlled plumbing circuits
- Integrated Zeus Drive Automatic Trim Tabs w/ Lenco Secondary Trim Tabs
- Low maintenance diaphragm style grey water sump pump system
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- Twin 5 GPM fresh water pumps
- Racor Engine and Generator fuel filters
- Remote operated waste tank dump valve seacock
- Water heater
- SeaKeeper SK9 Program Stabilizing System
- Toilet overboard discharge
- Tecam electric flush heads
- Carbon Monoxide Detectors (salon, Aft Mstr, Fwd cabin)
Hull and Deck
Helm Deck and Aft Patio:
- Captain and companion Stidd electric helm seats
- Electric grilling station in cockpit
- Mocha Leather touch upholstery
- Full length sofa
- Cool cockpit
- Oceanaire blinds
- Giallo Veniziana granite
- Refrigerator and Wine Captain
- Power pedestal Hi/Lo table with expandable leafs
- Chart and Accessory locker
- Engine Room Day Hatch
- Entertainment console with wet sink
- Fusion marine stereo system
- Hydraulic sliding sunroof
- Marine Tread non-skid
- Single level cockpit sole
- S/S drink holders
- S/S framed glass cockpit aft patio enclosure with full open window and sliding door-Palm Beach
- S/S safety transom door
- LED lighting
- SureShade Aft patio awning over cockpit area
- Aft patio wrap around seating w/ Boca Raton two tone upholstery
- (2) removable cockpit tables
- Covers for all cockpit and swim platform seating
- Windshield cover
Hull and Deck:
- Mediterranean Blue hull color
- Flame Red bootstripe
- Smartcraft "Skyhook" Virtual Anchor System
- Convertible Hard Top
- Windshield Wiper
- Swim Platform Stairs
- Foredeck Twin Chaise Sunlounge
- Fusion 700i stereo remote control at swim platform
- Integral swim platform ladder
- LED deck and accent lighting
- Lighted S/S safety grab handles
- Multi level boarding access for fixed and floating docks
- Transom storage locker
- Transom swim H/C shower
- Transom swim platform seating
- Flag pole
- Underwater lighting (blue)
- Dinghy storage garage
- Rigid Boats RIB Inflatable
- Torqeedo Travel 1003S, 29.6 Volt/1,000 Watt Electric Outboard
- Launch and Retrieve system for dinghy
- Anchor bay
- Anchor roller
- Coast Guard safety package
- Lewmar anchor windlass with stainless steel claw anchor
- Bottom anti-fouling paint
- Composite Stringers
- Dockside fresh water inlet
- Electric aft opening engine hatch
- Foredeck fender lockers
- Foredeck wash down
- Marine Tread non-skid
- Ocean Trac hull design
- Panoramic View hull side windows
- S/S claw anchor
- S/S cleats
- S/S deck hardware
- S/S Pop Out Fuel Fill Fitting
- S/S rub Rail
- Trumpet style dual electric horns
- Transom wash down
- Swim platform cleats
- Three sided cockpit enclosure
- Electric shore power cord reel system
- High output charger and inverter
- Dockside Power-50 amp/240V Isolation Tranformer
- Smart charging system including (2) High Capacity Battery Chargers and Voltage Sensitive Priority Charging Relays
- Ultra High Capacity No Maintenance AGM Engine (1700 MCA) and House (2700 MCA) Batteries
- Weather resistant Deutsch Connectors on all critical electrical connections
- Westerbeke 12Kw Remote Start Generator
Helm Station and Electronics
- Garmin/Smartcraft Precision Pilot autopilot w/ Skyhook
- Multi function Garmin NMEA data and engine data 4 inch color displays
- Compass
- Deluxe Pivoting Leather Hand Wrapped Steering Wheel
- Dual Windshield De-fog System
- Fusion MSIP700 Stereo w/ 3 Remote Touchpad Controls
- Garmin VHF 200 Radio with hailer
- (2) Glass Helm-flush mount Garmin 8212 Touchscreen Chartplotters
- Garmin 404 xHD radar system
- 6' 5" Headroom
- Individually Controlled Variable Speed Twin Windshield Wipers w/ auto wash feature
- Night Vision "red" Helm lighting
- Remote controlled spotlight
- S/S twin binnacle Smartcraft Shifter Master Control Station and Joystick
- Teak Footrest
- Twin Electrically Adjusting Dual Commander helm seats
- Twin Smartcraft Digital Multi Function Propulsion System displays
- 12-volt accessory plug-in outlet
- Glomex omni-directional digital antenna
- 2005 Carver 466 Motor Yacht$264,900Cambridge , MDYSI@Martin Bird Associates
- 2003 Carver 564 Cockpit Motor Yacht$310,000Baltimore, MDYSI@Martin Bird Associates
- 2005 Meridian 408 Motoryacht$219,900Solomons, MDYSI@Martin Bird Associates
- 1974 Meridian Pilothouse$129,000Annapolis, MDYSI@Martin Bird Associates


text:
I am sure I am not the only one who never heard of Nefarium. But one look at the corpsepaint and the cover art, and one read through the lyrics booklet and I knew what I am in for. Satanic, blasphemous, uncompromising black metal. Nefarium not only look the part, they play it too.
The good news here is that I have absolutely nothing bad to say about Haeretichristus. Everything is done in accordance with the Swedish school of black metal thought. Nefarium horde hails from Italy, but you could swear there is Swedish blood roiling in those exposed veins. Blasting and tremolo drilling guitar riffs, dizzying fast speed destroying everything in its wake, dry cackle of Carnifex's not-so-repulsive vocals, Dark Funeral and Marduk have left a profound unerasable Norsecore stamp on Nefarium. And wouldn't you know, Chaq Mol (Dark Funeral) and Infaustus (Setherial) are making guest appearances on Haeretichristus. Indeed, the black Swedish penetration on this planet is very well seen from afar.
The more unfortunate news is that I have absolutely no argument why you should pick this one up over latest Dark Funeral or Gorgoroth outputs. No question, this stuff takes profound skill to play and Carnifex/Adventor team is in fine form. The trouble is this style is beat up into a dead pulp by now, not to mention that even within the style confines Haeretichristus has little distinction going from one song to the next. More harmonious and openly melodic, but still tortuous, tracks like The Damned Descent and the closer Episcopal Whip are the highlights of the album. All along, you are begging, pleading for something out of the ordinary, so even little things like short spoken samples, ominous Black Mass feeling in Sin of an Apostle, longing lead in Merchants of Hope or punky D-beat in An Old Black Cage are welcome change from the "norm". Haeretichristus is like a good politician, never failing to get off message. Variation, in any form, melody or rhythm, could push this tome closer to the top of the heap, yet it is absolutely sparse on this album.
Alas, unless you really have to own every second tier Dark Funeral incarnation you can leave this one behind. Hell, it seems to me that I have seen even the corpsepaint applied this way somewhere before.
Killing Songs :
The Damned Descent, Episcopal Whip
|Alex quoted 67 / 100
There are 1 replies to this review. Last one on Thu Apr 01, 2010 7:45 pm
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text:
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Medical Technology Transfer and Services


text:
New York City Condos: Midtown West 2 Bedroom Condo for Sale
Unit #: 1703/04
Price: $4,850,000
Location: 160 CENTRAL PARK SOUTH #1703/04
Bedrooms: 2 BD
Bathrooms: 2 BT
Approx. Size: 987 SqFt
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Amenities: Doorman, Elevator, Health Club, Subway, Diplomats OK, Valet, WiFi, Receiving Room, Business Center
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text:
Hardware Interest* Phone SystemMultifunction PrinterSecurity SystemVideo Conferencing
What is your phone system status? Need to upgradeI don't have a phone system
How many handsets do you require? 1-55-1010-2020+
What are the important features that you require? Auto AttendantVoicemailCall recording/monitoringHosted Other
What is your installation timeframe? 1-2 months3-4 months4-6 months6 months +
Attach current Copy of Phone/Internet Bill


text:
AAC (Autoclaved Aerated Concrete) was invented in the mid-1920s by the Swedish architect and inventor Johan Axel Eriksson. AAC is one of the major achievements of the 20th century in the field of construction. It is a lightweight, precast building material that simultaneously provides structure, insulation, and fire and mold resistance. AAC Blocks is a unique and excellent type of building materials due to its superb heat, fire and sound resistance. AAC block is lightweight and offers ultimate workability, flexibility and durability.
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text:
Aemetis Low Carbon Ethanol Project
- SCH Number
- 2019049116
- Lead Agency
- Riverbank, City of (City of Riverbank)
- Document Title
- Aemetis Low Carbon Ethanol Project
- Document Type
- NOD - Notice of Determination
- Received
- Posted
- 4/18/2019
- Project Applicant
- Aemetis Advanced Products Keyes, Inc.
- Document Description
- This project would leverage $4,999,956 of Energy Commission grant funds to enable Aemetis Advanced Products Keyes, Inc. to construct and operate a cellulosic ethanol facility in Riverbank, CA. The project will have the capacity to produce 7.5 million diesel gallon equivalents (OGE) of ethanol per year from almond and walnut wood waste, as well as approximately 52,000 MMBTU of biogas and 3,400 tons year of a high-protein fish food co-product per year. The resulting fuel is expected to have a carbon intensity of-43.56 gCO2e/MJ and is expected to eliminate 144,874 MTCO2e per year in greenhouse gas emissions.
- Contact Information
Micah Wofford
California Energy Commission
1516 9th Street
Sacramento, CA 95814
Phone : (916) 653-8685
- Cities
- Riverbank
- Counties
- Stanislaus
- Other Location Info
- 5300 Claus Road, Riverbank, CA
Notice of Determination
- Approving Agency
- California Energy Commission
- Approving Agency Role
- Responsible Agency
- Approved On
- Final Environmental Document Available at
- City of Riverbank; 6707 3rd Street, Riverbank, CA 95367
- (1) The project will have a significant impact on the environment
- No
- (2a) An Environmental Impact Report was prepared for this project pursuant to the provisions of CEQA
- Yes
- (2b) A Mitigated or a Negative Declaration was prepared for this project pursuant to the provisions of CEQA
- No
- (2c) An other document type was prepared for this project pursuant to the provisions of CEQA
- No
- (3) Mitigated measures were made a condition of the approval of the project
- Yes
- (4) A mitigation reporting or monitoring plan was adopted for this project
- Yes
- (5) A Statement of Overriding Considerations was adopted for this project
- Yes
- (6) Findings were made pursuant to the provisions of CEQA
- Yes
- Notice of Determination
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