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Edit Comment Close Premium member Presentation Transcript PowerPoint Presentation: WELCOME to Counter Terrorism DE-BRIEF BY THOMAS GORIPowerPoint Presentation: AGENDA UNDERSTANDING THE THREAT THE GLOBAL TREND OF TERRORISM REGIONAL TERRORISM ACTIVITY – EAST AFRICA THE SPECIFIC THREAT TO NAIROBI AND TERRORIST TTP'S INTRODUCTION TO IMPROVISED EXPLOSIVE DEVICES COUNTERING THE THREAT MILITARY AND POLICE COUNTER TERRORISM STRATEGY COUNTER TERRORISM MEASURES FOR BUSINESSES THE ROLE OF SECURITY MANAGERS PLANNING, TRAINING AND PREPARATION MEASURESPowerPoint Presentation: 3 UNDERSTANDING THE THREATPowerPoint Presentation: 4 THE GLOBAL & REGIONAL TRENDS OF TERRORISMReview of Recent Kenya Terrorist Incidents: Review of R ecent Kenya T errorist Incidents Abduction of two administration police officers in wajir Abduction of a District Officer and a government registration clerk Two Spanish aid workers with Medicins Sans Frontieres abducted from Dadaad refugee camp A British woman and a French woman abducted separately in Lamu British tourist Judith abducted from a beach resort and her husband killed in the attack. An ailing French woman seized by the militants from her beach resort. She died in captivity. Grenade attack along Racecourse Road Grenade attacks in church and restaurant in Garissa 1998 Bombing of Nairobi and Daresalaam US Embassy – over 200 hundreds people die and many others maimed. Et alRecent Related Crime Tactics: Recent R elated C rime T actics Abducting children and demanding ransom from parents. Abducting bank employees and coercing them to release bank codes. Abducting individuals and forcibly withdrawing money through their ATMs.Target Hardening?: Target H ardening? Terrorism continues to be a major concern. Is the hype factor more significant than the actual probability of becoming a victim? What types of target hardening security strategies have you put in place in your organization?Probability- What is the next Target?: Probability- What is the next T arget? So who is the next probable victim and which is the next probable terrorist target? Your company? Your Govt office? Your favorite restaurant? Your shopping supermarket? Can we be able to predict and therefore prevent or are we going through routine motions of security checks just for the sake of it? Think like a………..Definition: Definition Some definition of terrorism is that 'it is the use of aggressive strategies to produce fear, coercion, or violence for political, religious or criminal ends. Terrorists often are highly trained and mobile. They are characterized by conducting surprise, violent attacks, usually to see maximum press coverage for their cause.WHY DOES TERRORISM EXIST?: WHY DOES TERRORISM EXIST? Although political terrorism often appear irrational and unpredictable to victims and observers, it is very rational to terrorist point of view. Basic to most terrorist theory is that violence will bring the uncommitted masses into the conflict on the side of right – of course the terrorist point of view. Terrorist actions are violent and are intended to: Show the strength of the group They are provocative, causing the general public to pay attention to the group's activities.Trends: Trends International officials and private sector experts view terrorism as increasing. This view goes parallel to public perception. In 1987 there were about 665 international terrorist attacks and about 440 in 1995. The numbers are down because of toughening policies and sanctions against state sponsored terrorism. The availability of weapons of mass destruction could increase risk factors. The business sector continues to be the leading target of terrorist attacks.INCREASE IN TERRORISM: INCREASE IN TERRORISM 1970 1975 1980 1985 Increase in terrorism – The Hall Crest Report II : Private Security Trends 1970 -2000Is Kenya included on the Target List?: Is Kenya included on the T arget L ist?Global Fatalities and Injuries: Global Fatalities and I njuriesAnalysis: Analysis Between 1969 and 2009, there were 38,345 terrorist incidents around the world. Of these attacks 7.8 percent (2,981) were against the United States 92.2 percent (35,364) were against the rest of the world.Trend: Trend In 1986, about 12 people were killed and 100 wounded in world wide terrorism. In 1987, the 7 people were killed and 4o wounded through terrorism. In 1989 16 were killed and 19 wounded. In 1995, 70 attacks were directed to international companies world wide. The loss even one person and the fear associated with becoming a victim cannot be overestimated. Terrorism has had an impact on almost all international firms. The largest firms have taken precautionsTrends in Kenya: Trends in Kenya Trends in crime throughout East Africa, specifically Kenya, are frequently evolving, giving law enforcement and the private security sector the difficult task of remaining vigilant. With advancements in global technology comes the emergence of criminal activity. In terms of Kenya, the major threats include: Terrorism, maritime piracy, human/drugs/arms trafficking, and cyber crime.Kenya Borders: Kenya B orders For one, a vast majority of the responsibility for all crime in Kenya can be attributed to the porous borders that surround the country. Surrounding Kenya is the failed state of Somalia, Sudan, and crime-ridden Ethiopia and Uganda. Without proper border control, there is simply no realistic way to create a secure country.Kenya Borders: Kenya B orders There is no way to accurately assume the number of people crossing through the Somalia-Kenya border. However, observers estimate that 100,000 undocumented foreigners make entry into or exit Kenya every day. This figure is exceptionally upsetting when it is considered that Somalia houses al-Shabab, a terrorist group with self-declared ties to al-Qaeda. The presence of al-Qaeda in Kenya is directly responsible for the 1998 bombing of the U.S. embassy in NairobiPirates.: Pirates. A relatively new and threatening trend in East Africa is the attacks by pirates off the coast of Kenya. Young adults, who are generally in poverty and uneducated, are recruited by crime bosses in Somalia and Kenya in an attempt to extort money from commercial and private ships in the Indian Ocean. Observation by prosecutors for the United Nations Anti-Piracy Program, makes it very clear that there will always be young impressionable candidates who are willing to do illegal work for small sums of moneyPIRATES.: PIRATES. Nevertheless, it is up to the international community, including Kenya, to target the wealthy crime bosses who live on the eastern coast of Africa and create legitimate job and educational opportunities for the youth involved. Monetary assistance and international oversight can assist in curtailing maritime piracy off the coast of Kenya to a limited extent. The Government of Kenya still has a responsibility to its people to take control of its nation's borders and coasts without significant intervention by foreign entities.PowerPoint Presentation: Questions & Answers 22PowerPoint Presentation: 23 THE SPECIFIC THREAT TO NAIROBI & TERRORIST TTP'SLEARNING OBJECTIVES: LEARNING OBJECTIVES Identify who is a Terrorist both local and Inter. Identify phases of a Terrorist Operations Identify effective 0ptions to prevent a Terrorist attack Define "choke point" and explain its significance in a terrorist attack 24WHO IS A TERRORIST ?: WHO IS A TERRORIST ? Any person or a group of people that threaten a democratic regime by using acts of violence to achieve any of the following goals: Political Ideological Religion or Any other reason 25INTERNATIONAL TERRORIST GROUPS: INTERNATIONAL TERRORIST GROUPS 26 Al Qaeda Taliban Mujahideen Hezbollah Al Shabab Etc KENYAN LOCAL OUTFITS: KENYAN LOCAL OUTFITS Mungiki Taliban Kamjesh Sungu Sungu Chinkororo Lords Resistance Army Kony in Uganda Saboat Land Defense Force Mombasa Republican Army 27 Phases of a Terrorist Operation: 28 Target Selection Target Intelligence Operational Planning Attack Or Dry Run Escape and Exploit Phases of a Terrorist OperationPowerPoint Presentation: Selection is based on the objectives and capabilities of Terrorist groups, some groups have advanced ways of operating. A number of potential targets may be identified before the final selection. They select the victim who will produce the greatest results with the least amount of risk. Pick about Five Organizations /Hotels /Restaurants out of which the final one will be selected 29 Target SelectionPowerPoint Presentation: All terrorist have included target intelligence They gather information about the Target (Hotel): Lobby, Restaurants, Conference Facilities, Housekeeping arrangements, Rooms Security detail in the Hotel/Restaurants E.g the Paradise Hotel in Mombasa. 30 Target SelectionOperational Planning: Operational Planning Having understood how your Organization/Hotel Operates, The next level is to determine what is needed to operate effectively. Areas they will focus on include: Hotel Location, Lobby, Staff Vigilance, Superiority of the Hotel Choose the best time/place/conditions Logistics (vehicles to be used) deployment (manpower, who will be where) escape 31 ATTACK OR DRY RUN: ATTACK OR DRY RUN The group normally do a dry run. This phase is referred to as "target identification" Confirm the presence of the target Identify the kill zone Confirm if the staff may be aware of the attack 32 Escape and Exploit: Escape and Exploit Escape is properly planned and part of the group has to escape. Attack site must allow them the ability to withdraw May use radio, mobile phone to communicate 33Attack and Prevention: Attack and Prevention Deny the terrorist one of the phases but in the initial stage. It will be a big blunder to allow them reach stage three. An organization must ensure they recognize the First phase at all costs. We should develop ways of reading all types customers in our establishments. The security team must move fast in knowing how the situation is (Threat levels) 34TRAINING: TRAINING Individual and Group training Self education – Videos, Internet Commercial Schools – Shooting, Self Defense Terrorists Camps Basic, Intermediate or Advanced Survival, Interrogation & Resistance tacticsORGANIZATION: ORGANIZATION Command Cell Intelligence Cell Logistics Cell Operations CellMOBILITY: MOBILITY Aviation and Flight Support Maritime Transportation Motor Vehicles Motor Cycles Animals On footCOMMUNICATION: COMMUNICATION Telephones (fixed or mobile) Satellite Telephone UHF/VHF Radios Internet (e-mail, chat rooms, encryption) CouriersCOVER AND CONCEALMENT: COVER AND CONCEALMENT Marriage Socio-economic engagements Charities Tourists Dressing Fazul came to Siyu as a religious teacher Introduced to local family and married Coordinated sports activities Ventured into fishing businessRECRUITMENT AND RADICALIZATION: RECRUITMENT AND RADICALIZATION Target Youth Take advantage of existing socio-economic conditions NEP, Nairobi and parts of Coast provinceFINANCING: FINANCING Charitable Organizations (Front Offices) Kidnapping for Ransom Extortion or Blackmail Piracy Smuggling Illegal Banking activities Drug/Human TraffickingUSE OF FALSIFIED DOCUMENTS: USE OF FALSIFIED DOCUMENTS Fraudulently acquisition of Primary Documents Forged Passports and Travelling documents Falsify Travelling Documents, Credit Cards, ReceiptsTARGETS-TERRORIST OPERATIONS: TARGETS-TERRORIST OPERATIONS Targets are chosen according to their importance and vulnerability A number of Targets may be chosen Targets are subjected to elimination process Zeroing in on the most important one and a fall-back option Embracing the idea of Multi – Targets The group will contact surveillance and get as much details of the target. Based on the details found, an operation plan is initiated, with duties being assigned. Dry runs follow and finally the attackTARGETS (Cont…): TARGETS (Cont…) Economic Targets Terrorists attack Economic targets in order to cause panic and paralysis. These may include; Airports Banks incl … cyber attacks Tourists centers……Hotels Soft Targets ……Churches, Entertainment spots Power stations Sea Ports Bridges and tunnelsTARGETS (Cont…): TARGETS (Cont…) Ideological Targets Ideology plays a crucial role in terrorists target selection It includes religion, political and social ideologies which holds the beliefs, values, principles and objectives by which a group defines its distinctive political identity Ideological targets could include; Leaders Churches Mosques Patriarchs Imams Pastors ActivistsOPERATIONAL METHODS: OPERATIONAL METHODS Acquisition of Supplies Purchasing or stealing explosives, weapons or ammunitions Storing harmful chemicals or chemical equipment Possession of law enforcement equipment and identification cards including military uniforms ,flight passes, badges or even flight manualsOPERATIONAL METHODS: OPERATIONAL METHODS Modes of Attacks Traditional – when makeshift or ordinary weapons are used Technological – when Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMDs) are used such as Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear (CBRN) Cyber – when viruses, computer attacks or destruction of information infrastructure occurs ( computer software attacks, hacking, propaganda, extremists websites).OPERATIONAL METHODS (Cont…): OPERATIONAL METHODS (Cont …) Terrorists Tactics Bombing – most lethal and frequently used and generates instant media coverage Sabotage Assassination Arson Kidnapping and hostage taking Hijacking Environmental destruction Use of technologyOPERATIONAL METHODS (Cont…): OPERATIONAL METHODS (Cont…) Methods of Attacks VBIEDs- Bomb laden vehicles - disguised as ones used Backpacks and bags Suicide bombers – belts, inserted Bombs Motorcycles Boats Animals Gases Liquids Weapons (Military)POSSIBLE ATTACK SCENARIOS: POSSIBLE ATTACK SCENARIOS IED ATTACK SUICIDE BOMBING KIDNAPPING ARMED ASSAULT – Small arms/knives SURFACE-TO-AIR MISSILE ATTACKS COMBINATION- E.G. Rifle fire and IED COMPUTER VIRUSES Weapons of Mass Destruction e.g. Chemical Biological, radiological and nuclearPowerPoint Presentation: 51 Mechanism Detonator ExplosivePowerPoint Presentation: INTRODUCTION TO EXPLOSIVES AND WEAPONSPowerPoint Presentation: OBJECTIVES Definition of explosives Categories Effects of an Explosion Action to take on finding a bomb Terrorist Weapons Q & AWhat are Explosives: What are Explosives Definition: Explosives are substances that, through chemical reaction, rapidly and violently change to gas, accompanied by high temperatures, extreme shock and a loud noise. An explosion is the process of the substance transforming into the gaseous state.Categories of Explosives : Categories of Explosives 1 . Low Explosives 2 . High ExplosivesLow Explosives: Low Explosives Low explosives deflagrate (burn) rather than detonate, they burn progressively, and the reaction is sub-sonic (speed less than that of sound). Examples: Black powder (gun powder) Smokeless powderHigh Explosives: High Explosives High explosives explode in supersonic reactions and without confinement, are compounds, are initiated by shock or heat and have high brisance (the shattering effect of an explosion). Speed of detonation -3000 to 9000 metres per second Depending on sensitivity, sub-divided into primary and secondary explosives Examples (high explosives): TNT Dynamite SemtexCONVENTIONAL BOMBS: CONVENTIONAL BOMBS Commercially produced Military purposes (Mortars, etc) Industrial useMORTARS (BOMBS): MORTARS (BOMBS) Characteristics include the following Fusing in the nose Normally tear drop shaped, however body can have parallel sidesGRENADES AND ARTILLARY AMMO: GRENADES AND ARTILLARY AMMOHAND GUNS/RIFLES: HAND GUNS/RIFLES CZ 75 (Czechoslovakia ) AK Rifles Fazul's weapons on the day of his death Ruger GP100 (US)Examples -Dynamite-: Examples -Dynamite-Examples -TNT (Tri Nitro Toluene)-: Examples -TNT (Tri Nitro Toluene)-Examples: Examples SEMTEX C-4IMPROVISED EXPLOSIVE DEVICES (IEDs): IMPROVISED EXPLOSIVE DEVICES (IEDs) Home-made bomb Limited only by imagination of bomb maker May incorporate commercial, military or homemade explosives Commonly used by terroristsIEDs cont…: IEDs cont… Is designed to cause death or injury by using explosives alone or in combination with toxic chemicals, biological toxins, or radiological material. IEDs can be produced in varying sizes, functioning methods, containers, and delivery methodsIED Components: IED Components A switch/trigger An initiator (fuze) Main charge (explosive fill) A power source for the switch/trigger; and A containerAmmonium Nitrate and Fuel Oil: Ammonium Nitrate and Fuel Oil Locally available explosive Examples of Commercial Explosives Quarry Type: Examples of Commercial Explosives Quarry TypeExamples of IEDs: Examples of IEDsCombination.: Combination.IEDs….: IEDs…. 72PowerPoint Presentation: PARTS OF IEDPowerPoint Presentation: PARTS OF IEDPowerPoint Presentation: DETONATOR Aluminum copper and plastic IED'S RECOVERED IN SOMALI BY NATIONAL DEFENCE FORCES : IED'S RECOVERED IN SOMALI BY NATIONAL DEFENCE FORCESIEDs…: IEDs…A briefcase?: A briefcase?IEDs… : IEDs… 80 Shoe bomber-Richard Reid Explosive: Explosive 81Ink cartridges?: Ink cartridges? PETN , or pentaerythritol The device containing explosives found at East Midlands Airport- Dec- 2010IED cont..: IED cont.. Abdulmutallab's underwear with a PETN explosive packet Syringe detonatorBooby Traps: Booby Traps A Booby Trap is an explosive that is designed to be triggered when an unsuspecting victim touches or disturbs a seemingly harmless objectBooby trap…: Booby trap…Liquid Explosives (L.E): Liquid Explosives (L.E) Exist in a variety of colors and densities, as well as in configurations other than the liquid phase – in mixtures of solids, gels and emulsions. Performance level of most liquid explosives, when comparing detonation speed and brisance, is as high as those of solid explosives Use of liquid explosives in the liquid phase is limited -due to their relatively high volatility and high toxicity – limitations that demand uniquely cautious storage conditions and usageIncidents involving L.E: Incidents involving L.E On 10 August 2006, authorities in the United Kingdom uncovered an alleged plot to sabotage as many as 10 US airliners traveling from the United Kingdom to the United States, reportedly by using liquid and gel based explosives. In a terror attack perpetrated on December 11, 1994, a bomb made of nitroglycerin was planted on Philippine Airlines flight 434. It was concealed in a bottle purportedly containing contact lens cleaning solution, with a delay detonation mechanism. The blast caused a rupture in the fuselage, resulting in the death of one passenger and the injury of several others.Incidents.. Cont.: Incidents.. Cont. In 1987, an explosive device combining C4 and PLX was used to blow up Korean Airlines flight 858. The device was carried onboard by North Korean agents PLX ( Picatinny Liquid Explosive)Other examples of L.E: Other examples of L.E Emulsions Water Gel Type Explosives Nitromethane Mixtures PLX Ammonium Nitrate - Nitromethane Nitro-glycerine Mixtures of Hydrogen Peroxide and Organic Materials Water Gel Type ExplosiveAction to take on bomb explosion scene: Action to take on bomb explosion scene Evacuate, open doors and windows, keep area clear. Evacuation Distance – as far away as possible DO NOT TOUCH UNKNOWN 'SUSPICIOUS' ITEMS !! Call the nearest Police Station; Bomb squad Unit or Explosive Ordinance Disposal Team (EOD). REMEMBER: You may not see the bomb but it can see you!Bomb evacuation distance: Bomb evacuation distanceConventional Weapons: Conventional Weapons What Terrorists are likely to use: Small arms and light weapons Mines Shells Bombs Rockets MissilesWEAPONS OF MASS DESTRUCTION: WEAPONS OF MASS DESTRUCTION Capable of killing and causing destruction to a large number of people and property, including natural structures and environment Include chemical, radiological, biological and nuclear weapons (CBRN)ACQUISITION OF WEAPONS: ACQUISITION OF WEAPONS Open Market; Legally through gun-dealers Black-market; illegally through disreputable dealers Smuggling /Theft – illegal Home made or Improvised weaponsSUMMARY: SUMMARY IEDs are terrorists explosive devices of choice Terrorists are becoming more and more creative and tactical in the art of bomb making Security agencies should think ahead of terrorists and come up with measures to detect and eliminate acquisition and transportation of explosives/weapons by terror individual(s)PowerPoint Presentation: Questions & Answers 97PowerPoint Presentation: 98 COUNTERING THE THREATPowerPoint Presentation: 99 TERRORISM STRATEGIES & DISASTER RISK REDUCTIONCOMMON DISASTERS IN KENYA: COMMON DISASTERS IN KENYA FLOODS FARMINE TERRORISM DROUGHT EARTHQUAKE EPIDEMICS ETHNIC VIOLENCE TSUNAMI FOREST FIRES 100 OBJECTIVES: OBJECTIVES Identify key institutional stakeholders in disaster risk reduction and outline their major responsibilitiesKEY INSTITUTIONAL ACTORS: KEY INSTITUTIONAL ACTORS Communities /employees Local Government National Government Regional Organizations International OrganizationsCommunities : Communities DRR strategies and national developmental initiatives will only be successful when communities participate and have ownership as part and parcel of decision-making, programming and implementation process. At the community level the primary goal must be to create a favourable political environment that supports and promotes participatory practices, and specific opportunities for women to be involved in decision-making.Communities : Communities Local leaders, both men and women, drawn from traditional, social, religious, political, economic sectors need to be involved and assume responsibility for protection of their communities. Community planning and risk reduction be integrated into the overall governance structures Resource capabilities at the district, regional/ provincial and national levels, with relevant levels of government.Communities : Communities Communities represent the greatest potential source of local knowledge regarding hazardous conditions and historical risks. Are the depositories of coping mechanisms suited to their Environment? Should thus have the opportunity to influence decisions and manage resources to help reduce their vulnerability and cope with risk.Communities : Communitie s A grassroots approach to promote change and engage fully all members of the community. Involving communities requires building self-reliance, sharing of resources and building partnership, consistent with principles of community development. Human orientation focussing on liberation of people from the deprivation trap, participation, empowerment, ownership, learning, adaptive- ness and simplicity, collective action, need orientation,Communities : Communities Community planning and risk reduction needs be integrated into the overall governance structures and resource capabilities at the district, regional/ provincial and work places. and national levels, with relevant levels of government assuming appropriate responsibility for elements of these programmes.Leadership Roles at Community Level: Leadership Roles at Community Level Securing commitment at individual and community level to accept values of change in behaviour towards a culture of prevention; Definition of objectives to be achieved by involving the community; Identification of areas in the planning process where and when community should participate; Identification of relevant elements of the community whose participation is essential and techniques to be used to obtain and facilitate community participation; Sourcing information that is to be provided to the community;PowerPoint Presentation: Building awareness of the community of the importance of risk reduction, for their well-being; Identification and imparting of essential skills to translate risk awareness into ideas and practices of sustained risk management and developing activities that can strengthen community capabilities to identify and cope with hazards and to improve community livelihoods; Creating channels for the community for accessing technical and material resources; and Providing knowledge of practical low cost methods, which address likely local hazards, which is conveyed in understandable media through a wide variety of participatory forms.Local Government: Local Government Disaster risk management at local level is a key element in any viable national disaster risk reduction strategy, and must be built on community networks and effective municipal and local government institutions. Decentralised structures, which provide opportunities for participation, and involvement of all segments of society are thus critical. Local governance structures, which serve communities, provide an opportunity for effective disaster risk reduction measuresPowerPoint Presentation: More focussed environment for more direct allocation of resources to risk reduction for local benefit; More precise targeting of public awareness programmes to address local needs; Familiarity with local conditions and experiences of past events as resource for targeting activities Motivation for assessing local risks and allocation of and professional and material resources to manage them.PowerPoint Presentation: Among the benefits for integrating disaster risk reduction into local government actions supported by adequate financial and human resources: Vulnerability and risk analysis; Building local knowledge and institutional capabilities; Increasing public awareness and participation; and Protecting critical infrastructure and cultural heritage assets.National Level: National Level Elevating disaster risk management as a policy priority; Generating political commitment which translates into promoting disaster risk management as a multi- sectoral responsibility; Assigning accountability for disaster losses and impacts; Allocating necessary resources for disaster risk reduction; Enforcing the implementation of disaster risk management and reduction; and Facilitating participation from civil society and the private sector.PowerPoint Presentation: Management and coordinating framework; Legal and regulatory frameworks; Policy and planning; Organizational aspects; Formation of ops centres; Avail required intelligence, early warning; Resources and capacities, including mil & police; and Partnerships and international cooperationRegional and Sub-regional Organizations: Regional and Sub-regional Organizations Defining and shaping common regional risk level management policies, and advocacy of regional policy initiatives at global forums. Supporting the development of national capacities through training, programme support, technical assistance and resource mobilisation to maintain national level impetus in development and disaster risk reduction Sharing knowledge, information, documentation and comparative analysis of issues on regional and sub-regional basis between key agencies and individuals.Regional and Sub-regional Organizations: Regional and Sub-regional Organizations Addressing trans-boundary risk issues in areas where multiple countries are frequently affected by the same hazards in the sub-region. Provide a framework for the interaction of scientific, technical and professionals with governmental and non-governmental structures.International Organizations: International Organizations Defining Global Strategy ( eg HFA) Galvanising assistance from all concerned in the formulation, or review or strengthening of policy and to devise strategies for implementing the instruments for an accelerated development in the sectors Building of capacity at all levels for those involved in planning and implementing programmes and projects Facilitating technology development, technology acquisition and technology transfer to promote industrial development and manufacturing in order to enhance employment creation and poverty reduction.International Organizations: International Organizations Providing development and technical assistance and encouraging cooperating partners to cooperate and collaborate more effectively in providing assistance to African countries in order to avoid the costly duplication of activities and waste Promotion of regional cooperation and integration issues, including strengthening regional policy and institutional frameworks for disaster risk reduction. Provide finance for programmes dealing with poverty alleviation and employment creation where further financing to the existing programmes supported by development partners is required.Conclusion: Conclusion Disaster risk reduction is everyone's responsibility, and each level playing its part will lead towards success in disaster risk reductionPowerPoint Presentation: 120 COUNTER MEASURES AGAINST TERRORISM FOR BUSINESSES .ATTACKING BUSINESSES: ATTACKING BUSINESSES One of the newer (though not new) trends in attacking businesses has been assault on executives – Primarily kidnapping for ransom. This practice has been common in many foreign countries and it is now increasing in East Africa as we are all aware. A senior Government official ( District officer) and a Government registration clerk are now in the hands of al shabab as we speak. To be able to develop adequate protection for executives, security managers must understand the terrorist problem and the strategies of various terrorist leaders.EXECUTIVE PROTECTION: EXECUTIVE PROTECTION Countermeasures against terrorism for businesses are not as costly as executives may believe. Of course no program can entirely guarantee protection against attack. But a business can take action to lessen its attractiveness as a target. In general executive protection program include target hardening, bodyguard operations and training sessions to teach executives how to avoid being identified as targets and what to do if they become targets. The key to success in executive protection is pre-planning for a possible attack. One successful approach has been the Crisis Management Team (CMT).CMT: CMT A company's crisis management team is made up of a carefully selected group of experts in a variety of fields. They meet several times in a year to discuss how to prevent attacks and what to do if an executive is kidnapped or another type of threat is received by the firm (eg bomb threat). In general this team is composed of a senior executive, a team leader, a security executive, a police liaison, a medical consultant, a lawyer, a financial advisor, a communications expert and a terrorist liaison. Each team member brings specific knowledge that will be crucial should a threat be received.CMT Individual role: CMT Individual role The Senior executive is responsible for making the final decisions. The security executive must coordinate security operations for the facilities involved to protect other employees or company property. The police liaison is responsible for seeing that the authorities are fully appraised of the situation and that the company cooperates with the civil authorities to its fullest ability. The medical consultant must have access to medical files on each executive so that a medical profile can be developed to help the kidnappers keep the victim in good health. The lawyer interprets what actions the company can take without violating company policy or various laws ANTI-TERROR SECURITY MEASURES: ANTI-TERROR SECURITY MEASURES When considering counter measures against terrorism, first consider the methods used by terrorists which go beyond bombings. The raw materials for both chemical and biological weapons can be purchased on the open or black markets. Terrorists might obtain or build a nuclear device or simply decide to wrap radioactive material around a conventional bomb. Ventilation systems of buildings are vulnerable avenues to disperse deadly substances. Product tampering is a form of terrorism that has resulted in deaths, injuries, fear and serious economic harm to companies.Measures with little or No Cost : Measures with little or N o C ost Maintain situational awareness of world events/ controversies and ongoing threats. Ensure all levels of personnel are notified via briefings, email, voice mail of any changes in threat conditions and protective measures. Encourage personnel to be alert and immediately report any situation that may constitute a threat or suspicious activity. Post emergency telephone numbers for police, fire, and rescue. Encourage personnel to memorize important numbers. Know the location of the closest police stations, hospitals, schools, etc. Encourage personnel to avoid routines, vary times and routes, pre-plan, and keep a low profile, especially during periods of high threat.Organizational Counter Measures: Organizational C ounter M easures Take any threatening or malicious telephone call, facsimile, or bomb threat seriously. If such a call is received, obtain and record as much information as possible to assist in identification of the caller. Record the time of the call, the exact words, any distinguishing features of the caller, and any background noise. Develop bomb threat information forms to assist if not already in place. Encourage personnel to keep their family members and supervisors appraised of their whereabouts. Encourage personnel to know emergency exits and stairwells. Increase the number of visible security personnel wherever possible.Counter Measures: Counter M easures Rearrange exterior vehicle barriers, traffic cones, and road blocks to alter traffic patterns near facilities and cover by alert security forces. Institute/increase vehicle, foot and roving security patrols varying in size, timing and routes. Implement random security guard shift changes. Arrange for law enforcement vehicles / contract security backup vehicles to be parked randomly near entrances and exits.Counter Measures: Counter M easures Review current contingency plans and if not already in place, develop and implement procedures for receiving and acting on threat information, alert notification procedures, terrorist incident response procedures, evacuation procedures, bomb threat procedures, hostage and barricade procedures, consequence and crisis management procedures, accountability procedures, and media procedures. When the aforementioned plans and procedures have been implemented, conduct internal training exercises and invite local emergency responders (fire, rescue, medical and bomb squads) to participate in joint exercises.Counter Measures: Counter M easures Limit the number of access points and strictly enforce access control procedures. Implement stringent identification procedures to include conducting 100 percent "hands on" checks of security badges for all personnel, if badges are required. Remind personnel to properly display badges, if applicable, and enforce visibility. Escort all visitors entering and departing. X-ray all packages, if possible, prior to entry, and inspect all handbags, and briefcasesCounter Measures: Counter M easures Validate vendor lists of all routine emergency deliveries and repair services. Approach all illegally parked vehicles in and around facilities, question drivers and direct them to move immediately, if owner can not be identified, have vehicle towed by law enforcement.COUNTER MEASURES WITH SOME COST: COUNTER MEASURES WITH SOME COST Consider installing telephone caller I.D., record phone calls, if necessary. Increase perimeter lighting. Deploy visible security cameras and motion sensors. Remove vegetation in and around some perimeters, maintain regularly. Institute a robust vehicle inspection program to include checking under the undercarriage of vehicles, under the hood, and in the trunk. Provide vehicle inspection training to security personnel.COUNTER MEASURES WITH SOME COST: COUNTER MEASURES WITH SOME COST Conduct vulnerability studies focusing on physical security, structural engineering, infrastructure engineering, power, water, and air infiltration, if feasible. Initiate a system to enhance mail and package screening procedures (both announced and unannounced). Install special locking devices on manhole covers in and around facilities.Bomb Threat Prevention and Preparedness: Bomb Threat Prevention and Preparedness Audit the physical security, incoming inspection, access and internal controls of the facility. If need be, develop an intelligence program and maintain a continuous contact with law enforcement. Place Bomb Threat questionnaires and instructions at all security and reception stations. Provide security training to all security officers, switchboard operators, and staff likely to receive bomb threats.Bomb Threat Prevention and Preparedness: Bomb Threat Prevention and Preparedness Establish who will evaluate threats. Train him to assess the credibility of the threat. Decide what procedures will be followed when a threat is received, if device is discovered and what method will be used to search. Decide what conditions should trigger an immediate evacuation of the building such as disclosure of the location of the bomb, time of detonation, a motive, an apparent familiarity of the facility.Bomb Threat Response : Bomb Threat Response Write down the exact time of the call. Find out whether the call originated from within or outside. Record the caller's exact words. Permit the caller to say as much as possible without interruption. Ask the caller the following and record the answers: When will it explode? Where is it located? What does it look like? Why was it placed? Who is calling?Bomb Threat Response: Bomb Threat Response Attempt to transfer the call to the head of security. Assist the police to initiate a search for the bomb. If an object is found suspected to be a bomb? Evacuate people at least 300 meters away and out of the blast effect. Dial 999 Do not attempt to touch, move, dismantle or pour water on the suspicious object. Open doors and windows to reduce blast effect. Consider shutting down utilities Activate the Crisis Management PlanSummary: Summary The crime situation in Kenya is not unique within itself. Many of the problems that face Kenya on matters of crime are for the most part, identical to those facing the surrounding countries in East Africa. This session provides suggested random anti-terrorism security measures. Although we do not have specific targeting information, the recent statements by al shabab members to unleash terror on Kenya should be reason to assume the al shabab terrorists are planning for major attacks against Kenya.Education and Training: Education and T raining Depending on the extent of the executive protection programme , many people in the company / organisation / govt depts can be brought into anti-terrorist education and training programme . Executives, their families, and security personnel are top priorities. Drivers, servants, gardeners and office workers should be knowledgeable about terrorist techniques and counter measures that include prevention strategies, personal security, recognizing and reporting suspicious occurrences, the proper response to bomb threats or postal bombs and skills such as defensive driving. Most in-house security personnel are not experts in crisis management as far as it concerns executive protection. Therefore a consultant may have to be recruited.PowerPoint Presentation: Questions & Answers 140PowerPoint Presentation: 141 THE ROLE OF SECURITY MANAGERSPowerPoint Presentation: 142 PLANNING, PREPARATION & TRAINING MEASURESPowerPoint Presentation: 143 Planning Conduct Comprehensive Threat Assessment Identify Business Exposure Coordinate Management Level Dialogue Determine the Appropriate Business Posture to each Threat Develop Contingency PlansPowerPoint Presentation: 144 Preparation Produce Comprehensive Briefing Documents Instruct Specialist Agency for Detailed Consultancy Coordinate Outside Agency Liaison Purchase and Service Specialist Equipment Disseminate Information at all LevelsPowerPoint Presentation: 145 Training Regular Threat Briefings Continuous Rehearsals Self Development 'You're the Subject Matter Expert'PowerPoint Presentation: Questions & Answers 146 You do not have the permission to view this presentation. In order to view it, please contact the author of the presentation.


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Two exciting pieces of news happened when I went to get weighed in at JC yesterday. First, I lost a pound! I'm in utter shock! I did two days of my own on maintenance, went out and had a few alcoholic beverages Tuesday night, and eating Thanksgiving twice. This makes me feel so much more comfortable being on my own. I've been very nervous about doing this whole maintenance thing now that things are so different since the baby. I even attempted a few sprays of Spray Butter (which I haven't been able to use since the baby). But, apparently, you need to be careful with this as well. Msnbc.com suggests only a few spritzes for flavor, any more of that adds up the calories which can actually cause a weight gain! My second piece of good news was that a 1/4 cup of sugar-free pudding with Cool Whip is a limited "free" on JC. You can have 3 of these limited free foods a day. Jello is another example but I'd much rather have some fat-free chocolate pudding! My goal for this week is to see if bringing back some salsa causes a water weight gain (so much sodium!). We will see how it goes...
Breakfast -
VitaMuffin 150cal/1.5g fat English muffin/egg/cheese
1 cup coffee with 2 tsp. fat-free creamer
Snack -
JC Anytime Bar
Lunch -
4 whole grain crackers with 2 tsp. low-fat peanut butter
100 cal Thin Whole Wheat Bagel with 2 slices of veggie cheese
Tags: what should i eat?, katie b., maintenance
Katie's Healthy Eating
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Jul 2, 2017: Two full seasons dedicated to the RC44 class paid off today for Russian Alexander Novoselov, his American tactician Andy Horton and the crew of Katusha, when they won their first ever RC44 Championship event.
Day 2 RC44 Porto Cervo Cup - Katusha ahead after blustery high scoring day
Jun 30, 2017: Uncertainty continued about the weather for day two of the RC44 Porto Cervo Cup, hosted by the Yacht Club Costa Smeralda. In the event, competitors used most of their sails as, after a light to moderate start, the wind kicked in close to the class' maximum limit and there were several significant shifts. Thanks to all this, there was plenty of excitement and many many lead changes, but it also proved a high scoring day for the nine RC44s.
RC44 Sotogrande Cup highlights
Video above published May 8, 2017: Watch the highlights from the 2017 RC44 Sotogrande Cup as Team Aqua triumphed in the stormy conditions after a closely fought battle on the final day with local heroes Peninsula Petroleum from Gibraltar. The RC44 Sotogrande Cup was the first event of the 2017 RC44 Championship Tour, which pits the world's top businessmen and the best sailors in the industry compete in high-performance one-design 44-foot carbon racing yachts.
RC44 Class Association: RC44 Porto Cervo Cup, 29 June – 2 July. Venue: the iconic Sardinian sailing mecca of Porto Cervo, Italy.
Tweets by RC44Class
more about sailing below (@ web version link below for mobile)
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from the February 2018 issue
The Hundred-Hour War
David B.
David B. is the Eisner Award-nominated artist behind Epileptic, an autobiographical story widely considered a masterpiece of the graphic novel medium. A founding member of the revolutionary French independent publisher L'Association, he is regarded as a giant among Bandes Dessinées artists. His many prizes include the Prix de Cheverny (2007), the Ignatz Award for Outstanding Artist (2005), and the top prizes for Comics Writing (2002) and Best Comic Book (1998, 2004) at the Angoulême International Comics Festival. His Black Paths, the extraordinary story of the Dadaist poet Gabriele d'Annunzio, was published by SelfMadeHero in 2011.
Jean-Pierre Filiu
Jean-Pierre Filiu, a historian and an arabist, is a professor at Sciences Po, Paris School of International Affairs (PSIA). After an extensive career in the Middle East, first with NGOs, then as a diplomat, he has held visiting professorships both at Columbia (New York) and at Georgetown (Washington). His book Apocalypse in Islam (University of California Press, 2011) was awarded the main prize by the French History Convention. Hurst (London) and Oxford University Press (New York) published his Arab Revolution: Ten Lessons from the Democratic Uprising (2011); Gaza, a History (2014), which was awarded the Palestine Book Award from the Middle East Monitor; and From Deep State to Islamic State: the Arab Counter-revolution and its Jihadi Legacy (2015). His works about contemporary Islam and the Arab world have been published in fifteen languages.


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GRI and RobecoSAM have released the publication "Defining What Matters: Do companies and investors agree on what is material?"
The publication examines whether the information companies disclose in their sustainability reports correlates with what investors want to know.
Main conclusions are:
The study found general alignment between disclosed topics and investor interests. The research also indicates GRI's approach to materiality is appropriate as a basis for disclosures to investors, as it gives a broad perspective on risk.
…. and more specific findings are:
Materiality is the threshold at which topics become important enough to be disclosed.
To investigate whether companies are reporting information that meets investors' needs, GRI and RobecoSAM studied 129 sustainability reports from three sectors (mining, metals and electric utilities) and uncovered a number of findings:
- In all three sectors, there is general alignment between the topics disclosed and information investors want to know, though this is less the case for companies in the electric utilities sector.
- GRI Standards are well placed to form the basis of disclosures for investors as evidenced by the fact that RobecoSAM's investor-driven approach to materiality complements GRI's approach.
- Investors want companies to disclose more in depth information that explains the relevance of disclosed topics to corporate strategy and the assessment of opportunities and risks. This provides investors with the insights they need to understand the long-term potential of companies.
- There is agreement among investors and corporations on the growing importance of a materiality analysis for defining the most important sustainability issues.


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Marvel's Inhumans (ABC)
Premiered September 29 at 8pm
The television world is going crazy for superheroes, particularly Marvel ones. I've watched all four of the Netflix shows that led into the megaseries "The Defenders" which I'm about to finish, and I've stuck with "Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D." over the past four years, watching it slip in quality and then return back with a strong framework orientation towards the end of the latest season. The introduction of the Inhumans as a major idea was interesting and took an unexpected turn with a few of its characters, but I would definitely have chosen the axed spinoff starring Adrianna Palicki and Nick Blood in a heartbeat over this show. There's something about this Atlantis-like pilot that feels infantile, like this was a show made for children rather than for adults. While the other shows aren't necessarily all that sophisticated, they still have layered characters who interact like adults. The archaic nature of the technology possessed by the Inhumans doesn't help either, since they have these comms that appear to work anywhere yet otherwise aren't anywhere near fit for the lives they're about to lead on Earth. I watched Anson Mount for six years on "Hell on Wheels" and actually thought he was a good actor, but this non-speaking role is hardly a fitting follow-up, and I'm not too impressed with any of the other performers here. I was trying to figure out who the actor portraying Karnak was, and I now see that it's "Lost" alum Ken Leung in quite a new kind of role for him. There really isn't anything worth writing about regarding this show, and I'd hazard to suggest that it's even worse than "Iron Fist."
How will it work as a series? I honestly don't care at all. I have no interest in finding out what comes next, why Auran didn't die when Medusa stabbed her, and how the scattered Inhumans find each other on Earth and acclimate to human life. Also, is this supposed to be set in the present? I'm confused but again not remotely willing to stick around to find out the answer.
How long will it last? Not long. Though the ratings weren't all that bad, this show needs to perform strongly on Friday nights to be able to last until ABC's other Marvel show returns. A dismal 27 on Metacritic is pretty hard to beat, and I suspect that this show will be pulled from the air before it completes its eight-episode order.
Pilot grade: D-
Wednesday, October 4, 2017
Pilot Review: Marvel's Inhumans
Posted by Movies with Abe at 10/04/2017
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Kashmir society: second transition
By K.N. Pandita
It will be rewarding to outline the contours of Islam brought to Kashmir by the first missionary, Sayyid Ali Hamadani (Shah Hamadan) in the second half of 14th century.
Irano-Aryan peoples had resisted Arab cultural imperialism in the beginning. Sassanian Empire fell and Irano-Aryan civilization lost state support. Arab civilization enforced its supremacy.
Out of this long socio-cultural logjam in Irano-Aryan lands a new concoction emerged. It carried in its bosom streaks of indigenous traditions — Zoroastrian, Manichean, Mazdakian, Shamanean etc. but the more strident Shia' and Sufi streaks of later period.
Polarization of Iranian-Khurasanian society was the jurisprudence of this synthesis: ultra nationalism versus dogmatic Muhammadanism. Cosmopolitan indigenous ideology came into conflict with rigid Islamic doctrine. Liberal versus conservative stand spat remained the under-current of post-Islamic history of this region.
Controversy rages on Hamadani's ideological thrust. His son, Mir Muhamamd defied his father's creed and demystified the controversy. Doctrinaire Islam had gained upper hand in Khurasan.
Mir Muhammad's patron, Sultan Sikandar must have been tormented by the polarized Islam of Irano-Aryan peoples before he finally opted to take to iconoclasm, more to please his patron than to follow his conviction. The first sweep of conversions and Islamization over, things gradually swung back to near equilibrium in Kashmir.
Significant development appearing in this formative period was gradual resurgence of indigenous Reshiism now in the avatar of Sufism.
Reshiism did not oppose shrine worship. The type of Sufism brought by Iranian-Khurasanian missionaries, including Mir Sayyid, too, carried this baggage from the traditions of Shia sect that venerated the Imams and paid obeisance at their shrines,
Kashmir reconciled to moderate Islam with profuse sprinkling of Sufism. Moderate Islam meant acceptance of fulsome compendium of such traditions as had been willingly retained by Islamic Iran.
This was facilitated by Farsi (Iranian), the official language of the Kashmir Muslim rulers. For five centuries, Iranian cultural specificity held Kashmirian society in tight embrace.
In 1979, Khumeini successfully ousted monarchy and introduced radical Islam of his school. Surprisingly, he found the Islam of his model dragged into conflict with a far more intrepid adversary than the "Great Satan"
It collided with Wahhabi-ism, the creed of Abdul Wahhab, who had supported Saudi monarchy. Whhabis trivialized Khumeini's anti-monarchy rhetoric.
Cautioned by initial success of over-ambitious Khumeinites, Saudi monarchy countered them through powerful propaganda machine and colossal funding at the disposal of its secret service.
Kashmir had special significance in Khumeini-Wahhabi ideological conundrum. Saudi interests in Kashmir deepened for two reasons viz. good spadework done by Pak sponsored proxy war under the rubric of "freedom struggle", and Sunni Hanafi predominance in Indian ruled Kashmir.
By intervening to douse the flames of ideological divide which viciously visited Kashmir in the aftermath of Z.A. Bhutto's execution, Saudis made the first successful dent in the Lesser Iran (Iran-i-saghir).
Kashmir armed insurgency was double pronged. It embattled Indian presence and it set radicalization process of Kashmiri Muslim society in motion.
Saudi Arabia opened doors on Kashmiri professionals and non-professionals. Wahhabis and Salafis were most welcome. Stock of Kashmiri Sunni Muslims clergy increased. They were facilitated to attain proficiency in orthodox Wahhabi theology in Saudi seminaries. Back home, they used the pulpit to preach Arabicised radical Islam.
In their idiom Kashmiri Islam still bore five centuries old stamp of pre-Islamic Iranian socio-cultural traits. These had to be replaced with what Wahhabi-Salafi orthodoxy permitted. "Khuda hafiz" changed into "Allah hafiz" because "khuda" etymologically traceable to"khotaay" of Avestic origin was Iranian whereas Allah was Arab and hence the true God as against Khuda the contaminated one.
A massive campaign for shift to Arabicised Islam is underway in Kashmir. All personal, social, economic and transactional symbols receive Arabicised nomenclature. Arabic dress regime, namely white overalls, skull caps, head-cum-shoulder gear, rosary, long beard and short trousers for men and burqa for women pass them for good Musulman.
Kashmiri idiom is fast getting replaced with Arabic idiom. Even body language, postures and mannerism all have shifted. Salafi religious preachers like Al Kindi in Srinagar mosques vehemently plead for replacement of Islam of Iranian orientation. Shrine worship is declared un-Islamic. Frequent visits to and long stays in Saudi Arabia have helped many Kashmiris pick up fluent spoken and written Arabic. Acquaintance with Farsi is no more a matter of pride rather a discredit.
Kashmiri Diaspora has carved a niche for it in Saudi administrative structure and to a considerable extent influences the formulation of Saudi Arabia's Kashmir policy. Foreign remittances from Kashmiri Diaspora in Saudi Arabia have made the recipient families prosperous. A good chunk of hawala remittances finds its way into the pockets of militants.
Saudi Arabia has walked long distance to oust Iranian Islam from Kashmir. This is a significant shift rather the second major shift in Kashmirian society after the advent of Islam. It remains to be seen whether the Islam of Wahhabi-Salafi orientation so vigorously propagated in Kashmir today will also bring in its train the medieval code of conduct and penalty of sharia dispensation to the Arabicised Muslims of the valley?


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Total enrollment has dropped at Iowa's public universities.
The University of Iowa on Thursday reported enrollment of more than 31,200 students this fall, compared with nearly 31,700 last year.
The University of Northern Iowa reported enrollment of nearly 10,500, down from more than 11,200 last fall.
Iowa State University reported nearly 33,400 students this fall, down from nearly 35,000 last year.
The number of students enrolled from other countries dropped this year at all three universities.


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As to Jesus of Nazareth…I think the system of morals and his religion, as he left them to us, the best the world ever saw or is likely to see; but I apprehend it has received various corrupting changes, and I have, with most of the present dissenters in England, some doubts as to his divinity; tho' it is a question I do not dogmatize upon, having never studied it, and I think it needless to busy myself with it now.
— Benjamin Franklin, qtd. in Danny Akin, Exalting Jesus in 1,2, & 3 John, 7-8; emphasis added.
"I think it needless to busy myself with it now." For all Franklin's wit and wisdom, this is the dumbest thing he ever said. This is the dumbest thing anyone could say.
Eternal life, joy, hope, peace, forgiveness, mercy, purpose, identity, and an imperishable inheritance kept in Heaven are all found in Jesus.
Please don't "think it needless to busy" yourself with Jesus. It is more needful than anything else in life—than even life itself.


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Free shipping is BACK for a limited time! This weekend only, enjoy FREE shipping on all orders of NEW and USED gear over $100.00. Start the season off right by stocking up on all the camera gear you'll need for Spring!
To qualify for free shipping, place an order of $100.00 or more of NEW or USED equipment online or by phone between Friday, April 26 and Sunday, April 28 (promotion ends at 11:59 p.m. Eastern time), and receive FREE shipping via FedEx Ground anywhere in the contiguous United States. Qualifying international and expedited shipping orders will receive a credit of $9.95 towards shipping costs. Promotion is not applicable to prior purchases or existing orders.
Shop now by visiting us on online at www.keh.com, or by contacting our sales department via telephone at (770) 333-4200. Our friendly and knowledgeable sales representatives will be happy to help you with all of your camera equipment needs Monday through Friday from 8:30 a.m - 9:00 p.m., and Saturday from 10:00 a.m. - 4:00 p.m. Eastern time.


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Contact Us
If you have an emergency, then call our 24 hour Helpline free of charge on 0800 0288 999 to speak directly with one of our lawyers.
If you prefer, you can fill out this enquiry form, or simply contact us at one of the e-mail addresses below.
Further, whenever the need arises, we can meet with you at one of our offices, or discuss alternative arrangements if you are not within travelling distance.
Adams Whyte
|home | about us | criminal charges | advice | legal aid | contact us


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Russian winter: 30 most beautiful places in our country. Part II (19 photos)
Sverdlovsk Oblast', Urals: Mount Kachkanar, Aramilsky pond. Average temperature: -8 ° C -10 ° C
Kachkanar is one of the peaks of the Middle Urals in Sverdlovsk Oblast'.
Kachkanar is one of the peaks of the Middle Urals in Sverdlovsk Oblast', with an altitude above the sea level of 887,6 m. Mountain Kachkanar is a part of the eponymous mountain range in the northern part of the Middle Urals, on the right Bank of the river Isa. The mountain has flat slopes partially covered with pine forests. There are many cliffs located on the slopes and the tops. The most famous one is the Camel cliff, located near the only Buddhist monastery in Shad Tchup Ling, which is also located on the hillside. There is a small lake on one of the slopes. The ski lodge "Mountain Kachkanar" is located on the eastern slope of the mountain.
Main Urals ridge
The mountain chain in the Northern Urals with a length of about 40 km in North – South direction. The width of the ridge varies from 5 to 10 km. The highest point is Mount Gumboldt – 1410,7 m. The average altitude is 1000 m. The surrounding area is located on the altitudes of 400-500m and is mainly a rugged swamped taiga.
The forest boundary is at an altitude of 800-900 m, and higher the ridge is completely covered with screes. There is also a small plateau, overgrown with moss and dwarf plants.
From the west adjoins ridge Kvarkush, with the famous Zhigalanskimi waterfals, from the east – Denezhkin Stone Reserve. The north-eastern slopes Guha also belong territorially to the reserve.
Primorsky Kray, Khasan district. Average temperature: -9 ° C -15 ° C.
Khasan district is located in the extreme south of Primorsk Kray, stretching from south to north in a narrow strip along the western coast of the Amur Bay and the Gulf of Peter the Great. The district includes more than 20 islands and islets, located near the coast.
The Black Mountain ridge stretches along the western border, passing to the north in the mountainous plateau Borisov. The highest point is mount Vysotnaya, with an altitude of 966 min the origins of river Narva.
Karelia: Kuito Lake, river Ladoga. Average temperature: -9 -13 ° C
Lake Kuyta
Ladoga lake
Ladoga lake, in Republic of Karelia (north and east coast) and Leningrad Oblast' (western, southern and south-eastern shore) is one of the largest freshwater lake in Europe.
Komi Republic Average temperature: -10 ° C -13 ° C
The Republic is located in the north-east of the European part of Russia, within the limits of Pechora and Mezensko-Vychegodskaya lowlands, Middle and South Tima, the western slopes of the Ural Mountains (Northern, Polar and Polar Urals). The territory of the republic extends from the northern ridges in the south to the Pai-Khoi in the northeast, from Pinego-Mezensky interfluve in the west to the watershed basins of rivers Pechora and Ob, flowing through the Ural Mountains in the east.
Kamchatka. Average temperature: -10 ° C -15 ° C
Few words are enough to describe Kamchatka and the reasons you should come for a visit: here everything is different! More than three hundred years passed since the first Cossack fort was laid in Kamchatka – but to this day it still remains unbowed.
To be continued…


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June 1, 2020
Our New Normal
Now that we've had a few months of everyone working remotely we thought we'd check in to see how people are doing. We decided to go to the experts on this — the BVS staff. A few questions were sent to our full team asking them to reflect on everything from managing dispersed teams and feeling a sense of teamwork to time management, customer service, what's not great about working from home, and generally what they think good remote culture looks like.
Want to Know More?
Talk to Us.
BVS Performance Solutions
4060 Glass Rd. N.E.
Cedar Rapids, Iowa 52402
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Roy Karon
Brandon Lackey
Chief Information Security Officer
Robin Chaffe
Executive Vice President
Account Management
Rod Delay
Executive Vice President
Jim Erickson
Chief Financial Officer
Kate Merchant
Learning Director
Michael Sacks
Executive Vice President
National Accounts
Phyllis Simon
Director, Sales and Marketing
Jeff Torp
Compliance Director
BVS Performance Solutions is dedicated to helping financial institutions enrich their customer service, employee satisfaction and profitability through training and technology.
By focusing solely on financial services, we have built a deep understanding of what drives customer relationships, what makes staff efficient and effective, and what makes FIs successful. For more than 35 years, we have helped thousands of FIs successfully navigate major industry changes.
All BVS products are developed and supported in-house — from determining latest trends in financial services, to developing content and creating tools, to assuring current regulatory requirements are met. You will always be assured of a fully integrated solution and timely expert support.
If your bottom line matters to you, you should be talking to us. Call (800) 553-5972 or email us.
The privacy, confidence, and trust of individuals who visit the BVS website and use BVS Internet-delivered products are important to us. No personal information is collected at this site unless provided voluntarily.
BVS only collects the personal information that is necessary to provide the information or services requested by an individual. "Personal information" refers to any information relating to an identified or identifiable individual who is the subject of the information. We also collect statistical information that helps us understand how people are using the website so we can continually improve our services. The information collected is not associated with any specific individual and no attempt is made to profile individuals who browse the website.
BVS uses the collected information to respond to requests, email or other information. Requests sent to the BVS website may be maintained or forwarded to the appropriate departments or persons within BVS in order to respond to the request. BVS does not disclose personal information collected on this website to third parties.
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BVS is committed to the security of the information that is either available from or collected by this website. BVS has taken multiple steps to safeguard the integrity of its computing infrastructure, including but not limited to, authentication, monitoring, auditing, and encryption.
BVS welcomes comments regarding this privacy statement. Please convey any questions or concerns to: [email protected].


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Speaker: Nay El Rahi
In this talk, Nay El Rahi will address the engagement of women in the recent uprising and popular mobilizations in Lebanon (harak). By documenting her experience as a feminist activist in the protests in the last few months, she will try to make sense of the gendered practices and reactions to women in the movement. The discussion will unpack notions of patriarchy, exclusion, and the marginalization and invisibilization of women's contributions to the uprising. Nay will explore these behavioral trends, and trace their roots in the current socio-political structures in Lebanon. Finally, the talk will attempt to launch a thinking process that explores possible feminist actions that resist the embedded patriarchy and the invisibilization of women's activism and contributions.
Sound recording of the talk is available here


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me me me me
mschweighoefer11 February 18th, 2009
I figure it would be a good idea to give you some background on myself, so you have some sort of idea of who's life you're reading about…
My name is morgan. i'm a junior here, and a psychology major. when i'm not dorming in my spaceous lovely room (armington), i live at home with my mom (heidi), dad (david), and dog (boris). no siblings there, i'm the only child.
you're probably wondering at this point whether or not it gets boring, being the only kid and all, blah blah blah. the answer is yes and no to that. my birthday and christmas are SWEET, but it can get a little boring sometimes when all my friends aren't around. however, my parents and i are very close, and i love them to death.
like i said before, i live in armington by myself. (best part of a single room? decoratingggggg)
i'm a violinist in the wooster symphony orchestra, and a member of alpha gamma phi. you'll eventually learn more about both those groups and my friends as events within them unfold.
(cut to the chase) my goal here is to give you an idea of what my life is like as a pretty typical college student at wooster. i'll talk about everything: classes, lowry food, moms truck stop, homework, professors, parties, sports, music, the UG, I.S., why the printers at Wired Scot always seem to fail when i need them, and the ginormous literature review for my psych class i have due in a week, but have yet to start on. feel free to email me at any time (whoever you are), at email@example.com. i check my email and facebook about 9283742394 times a day, so chances are i'll get back to you pretty quickly.
*if you have not noticed by now, i don't use the best grammatical points. this is pretty informal, and i prefer to save my formal (and correct) writing skills for a term paper, rather than tell you about my life 🙂
until next time…


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Former Maxim deputy editor Terri White has been promoted to editor at free weekly men's magazine, Shortlist.
White was previously executive editor of Shortlist, which celebrates its first birthday this week.
She will be replacing former FHM editor Ross Brown, who has become editor-at-large and will be an 'ambassador'for the magazine.
White's promotion makes her currently the only female editor of a major UK men's lifestyle magazine. Previous female editors of men's mags include Rosie Boycott who edited Esquire and current UK Vogue editor Alexandra Shulman who previously edited GQ.
White said: 'In just a year, Shortlist has become a media phenomenon and I look forward to working with our incredible team to achieve even greater levels of success."
Editorial director Phil Hilton, who is nominated for launch editor of the year at the 2008 BSME awards, first worked with White eight years ago at IPC on rival men's weekly, Nuts. He said: 'Her unique combination of creative energy and flair for organisation made her an instant star."
Shortlist was founded by former editorial director of IPC Media, Mike Soutar, and is funded by a group of investors including hedge fund GLG Partners.
The magazine is handed out for free on Thursdays outside tube and train stations in cities around the country including London, Manchester and Birmingham and has an ABC of 481,321.


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Draw or distress your designs with my realistically textured sponge brushes!
After hours of experimentation I am proud to present Sponge Art Brushes: versatile, realistic texture which is perfect for illustration or for aging your projects.
Using a mixture of natural and artificial sponges gives this pack has a wide range of textures and shapes so its ideal for almost any task. I made over 200 brush marks and picked only the best for this product. These were painstakingly refined to produce the 56 brushes that are included.
The pack contains all of these fantastic components:
The Brushes
Natural Sponges:- Lovely uneven texture.
- 10 natural art brushes.
- 9 rounded art brushes.
- 10 natural scatter brushes.
Man Made Sponges: – Neater more refined texture.
- 11 squared art brushes.
- 6 thin art brushes.
- 5 triangular art brushes.
- 7 scatter brushes.
A quick reference guide
This will help you find the right brushes for the task in hand quickly.
Example files
the title image and train preview images: Use these to see how I achieved the look.
Please note: this guide is compatible with Illustrator CS5, CS6 and CC only.
A very thorough guide on how to load, apply and then adjust the brushes is supplied.
Please note! This product is compatible with Illustrator CS1 to CC only.
Take a look at some of my other vector brushes


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Nebraska East Union
Welcome to the Nebraska East Union!
Welcome to the Nebraska East Union! As the center of campus life on East Campus, the Nebraska East Union brings together students, faculty, staff, and the broader community at the University of Nebraska–Lincoln. The Nebraska East Union is home to many cultural, educational, recreational, social, dining, and service activities available to the University community. Visit and see for yourself! You'll find Wi-Fi access throughout the building in the meeting rooms and common areas. The Nebraska East Union is a great place to gather with friends, study, get involved with a student organization, learn a new skill, grab something to eat, or just relax in the Hollow or another comfortable lounge area. Lanes N' Games, a six lane bowling alley, offers a quality recreational experience and another common area for getting together, eating lunch, or studying. Whether it is a banquet or social event for 400+ in our spacious Great Plains Room or a meeting room for three, the Nebraska East Union easily accommodates your needs, including ready access to current audio/visual technology and catering services. Encounter the Nebraska East Union for yourself and understand why we are called the "living room of east"


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ASU Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This collection includes most of the ASU Theses and Dissertations from 2011 to present. ASU Theses and Dissertations are available in downloadable PDF format; however, a small percentage of items are under embargo. Information about the dissertations/theses includes degree information, committee members, an abstract, supporting data or media.
In addition to the electronic theses found in the ASU Digital Repository, ASU Theses and Dissertations can be found in the ASU Library Catalog.
Dissertations and Theses granted by Arizona State University are archived and made available through a joint effort of the ASU Graduate College and the ASU Libraries. For more information or questions about this collection contact or visit the Digital Repository ETD Library Guide or contact the ASU Graduate College at firstname.lastname@example.com.
- Arizona State University
- Grimm, Nancy B
- 1 Anderies, John M
- 1 Bernstein, Michael Jordan
- 1 Wetmore, Jameson M
- 1 Wiek, Arnim
- 1 English
- 1 Public
- Ethics
- Science policy
- 1 Engineering education
- 1 Responsible innovation
- 1 Science and technology
- 1 Science education
- 1 Sustainability
- Mobile Crowd Sensing in Edge Computing Environment
- The Effect of Disability on Subjective Well-Being across the Adult Lifespan: The Moderating Roles of Age at Disability Onset and Disability Type
- Mechanically Active Heterogeneous Polymer Matrix Composites
- Attribute-Based Encryption for Fine-Grained Access Control over Sensitive Data
- 并购背景下教育行业品牌价值研究
Three dilemmas plague governance of scientific research and technological innovation: the dilemma of orientation, the dilemma of legitimacy, and the dilemma of control. The dilemma of orientation risks innovation heedless of long-term implications. The dilemma of legitimacy grapples with delegation of authority in democracies, often at the expense of broader public interest. The dilemma of control poses that the undesirable implications of new technologies are hard to grasp, yet once grasped, all too difficult to remedy. That humanity has innovated itself into the sustainability crisis is a prime manifestation of these dilemmas. Responsible innovation (RI), with foci on anticipation, inclusion, …
- Contributors
- Bernstein, Michael Jordan, Wiek, Arnim, Wetmore, Jameson M, et al.
- Created Date
- 2016


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I'm A Comedian"
Calabasas, CA (PRWEB) January 16, 2013
Before he was known around the country as Robert Schimmel, X-rated comedian and author, he was Bobby. A son, a brother and a friend who made his friends and family cry with laughter.
Bobby's childhood nickname, "Born to Destroy" was bestowed upon him by his parents, Holocaust survivors Betty and Otto, recent immigrants to the United States.
Voted "Class Clown" by his high school classmates, Bobby was always funny, and always "on." Viewers will be amused to see Robert's elementary school report cards that admonish his behavior, to hear about his misadventures with faculty members, but also his lifelong career goal written in early cursive: "Show Business."
In this documentary film, mischievous Bobby will morph into Robert Schimmel, the entertainer right before your eyes. The framework for a myriad of stories will come from his father Otto, his sister Sandy and brother Jeff. Also contributing their incredible tales will be childhood friends, fellow comedians, doctors, etc., all of whom will trace Robert's career from its roots as a wild kid to a beloved comedian who rose through the ranks in comedy clubs and ascended to HBO, Showtime, Comedy Central, Radio and and late night TV talk shows, developing a devoted audience.
Bobby's real life was plagued by many personal demons. While making total strangers in the audience laugh, he struggled with the death of his young son, Derek. Both of his daughters are diabetic, and Bobby also faced his own health challenges. He battled cancer, hepatitis C, a heart attack and survived them all.
His funny and touching book, "Cancer on $5 a day [chemo not included]" became an inspiration to thousands of people striving to overcome the devastating disease.
While fans often wait outside a comedy club for an autograph, Robert's fans just wanted to thank him for a great show, and the motivation to fight against illness, or deal with the loss of a loved one.
From the outset of his career, Bobby began every sentence by announcing "I am a comedian," as if that would that would make a difference to the barista at Starbucks, or a furniture salesman. It is now engraved on his headstone. Bobby's life ended in September, 2010 through injuries sustained in a car accident.
The roller coaster ride from the funniest kid on the block to a star in the comedy world is a bumpy but compelling one, and will be illustrated through "Leave 'Em Laughing" a no holds barred documentary. Viewers will be treated to never-before-seen video of Robert in the silliest of situations, along with rare photos and documents to verify the most ridiculous personal history imaginable. You'll hear of Bobby's very short stint in the military during the Vietnam War, his attempts at careers as a musician and photographer, and his inability to sit through a college class or hold a real job.
"Leave 'Em Laughing" will be a full length documentary specifically developed for broadcast. Bobby's story is so worth telling in the most satisfying, and most genuine way, Jeff Schimmel and Kelly Hommon are raising the funds [$350,000] necessary to produce it with a top notch documentary team. This project needs private support. Investors in the project will receive rewards from signed artwork to DVD's to an exclusive premiere of the documentary. The Robert Schimmel Documentary is an invitation to fans of his comedy to support a project that will give illuminate the journey from Bobby to Robert, and share more funny moments.
Portions of the profits [if any] will be donated to non-profits most closely linked to Robert and his work with charitable causess during the last years of his life.
Jeff Schimmel is Bobby's younger brother. A Television, Film and Radio writer and producer in his own right, Jeff has been working in Hollywood since 1985.
Director Kelly Hommon, has earned a reputation as an enthusiastic, passionate and talented Producer, Director, Producer, Writer and Editor.
Sandhi Schimmel Gold is Bobby's younger sister, a professional fine artist whose work is in private, corporate and museum collections around the world.


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Parent's Guide: When Kids Return Home
Growing up is tough enough without the worries of your financial future, so Money101 is here for you. E-mail us your questions and let us take off some of the pressure.
Continue Reading Below
With the unemployment rate hovering just above 9%, many recent college graduates are biting the bullet and getting two familiar roommates: mom and dad.
The anemic job market makes finding a full-time job after graduation hard. In fact, in June, the Labor Department reported nearly 2.4 million individuals between the ages of 20-24 reported they were looking for full or part-time work, up 5% from the same time last year, when 2 million reported being on the job hunt.
A May study showed that 8 out of 10 2011 college students are moving home after graduation due to financial instability.
As weve discussed before, there are some rules that grads need to adhere to when moving back home. But how are parents supposed to cope?
Parents might be finally used to having an empty nest, or one less mouth to feed. Experts suggest they establish ground rules before allowing their kids to move back home, which includes setting expectations.
Sometimes it just kind of happens that the kid is back on your doorstep and youre back in an old habit pattern without having sat down and saying how long do we think this might last? What are the rules here? Are you going to pay rent? Are you going to contribute? says Suzanna de Baca, vice president of wealth strategies at Ameriprise Financial. All of those conversations need to happen and I think sometimes in the rush or in the accidental nature of your student moving back home, parents fail to sit down and really have that open conversation.
In reality, most college grads dont plan on moving back home with their parents, and there are steps experts say parents can take to get their boomerang kids living on their own.
Stay Positive
Not being able to find work and being forced to move back home can be disheartening for college grads. Parents can help their kids through this transition period by pointing out the good in the situation and maintaining a balanced perspective, says de Baca.
While you do want to make sure that the kids understand that this is potentially a temporary arrangement and there may be things that are not ideal, there are absolutely some positive things, she says. Youre providing a safety net, youre helping them with some time, youre providing some resources, and youre having a little bit of a family reunion, which can be wonderful.
That being said, it isnt always going to be sunshine and roses between parents and their kids. Although the tumultuous teenage behaviors have hopefully come and gone, both parties should expect tension or disagreements from time to time. Pete DArruda, author and host of the Financial Safari radio show, explains that there is a way to finesse telling your grad he or she needs some improvement.
Instead of starting with good things and then throwing the word but in there and then giving them all of the negatives, do the negatives first, use the word but and then say something positive, so always end on a positive, he says.
Be There for Support&to an Extent
From an emotional standpoint, de Baca suggests parents help grads understand that they are not alone in this situation. While they might be losing faith that they will even land a job, parents should continue to offer encouragement.
This [scenario] is becoming increasingly common, and youre happy that youre able to help while they get on their feetthats an important message to send, says de Baca. Its equally important to let them know that you are confident that they have the ability to get on their feet and out into the real world, supporting themselves.
With student loan repayments looming on the horizon and possible credit card debt, recent graduates may need financial support as well. While every familys financial situation and approach is different, de Baca says its important to encourage and support your grad without enabling them.
You need to keep them a little hungry if youre hoping that theyll eventually be motivated to find a good job and move out, she says. If its too cushy, they may get too comfortable and stay home longer than if youd given them a carrot.
Although it may be hard to watch them struggle for the moment, the experts unanimously agree that parents should not compromise their own long-term financial and retirement goals to help their grad.
Help Prep for Their Future
Experts say parents can help their kids prepare for job applications and interviews to increase their odds of getting hired. Parents shouldnt hold grads hands the entire way, but they can offer tips and advice from their work experience to help guide them.
DArruda suggests parents graduation gift be taking grads shopping for a professional wardrobe. That will basically give them some added confidence, he says. That way parents are supporting them, but not pushing them.
If a grad seeks out professional advice, Gopal Vemuri, founder and CEO of JobPadHQ, suggests that parents delve into their own personal network for opportunities, in addition to sharing their own job experience and help their children highlight accomplishments on their resume.
[Grads] might simply just talk about their GPA and how they performed in school when they write their resume, says Vemuri. I think parents, with their experience, should help them draft a good resume, because thats their calling card.
De Baca points out that some children may not be completely open about taking job searching advice from their parents.
Your child as a post-college graduate may not see you as the expert or may feel awkward [to practice] interviewing or having you comb through their resume, she says. What Id suggest is maybe find some other colleagues or a coaching service that you could offer to your child as a resource that they might feel comfortable working with.
Show Interest in their Job-Search Progress
Parents should avoid offering too much financial support as students might become too complacent. DArruda explains that while parents should not go overboard with criticism, they need to communicate about the importance of having a job, even if its part-time.
Its very important that they help the child basically treat staying at home as a job, a job to find a job, says DArruda. If you let them get lazy, it builds momentum and theyre going to sit on that couch every single day.
Vemuri suggests touching base with grads on a regular basis to find out how their search is going.
Ask them for proof on their job search [progress], find out what they did during the week, know how many jobs they applied for, know how many follow ups they made, he says. Unless you follow certain activity and you make them accountable, there is no way you can proactively monitor and guide them.
As the ones putting a roof over their kids head, parents absolutely have a right to have ground rules, but keep in mind that your child is now technically an adulttry not to smother them.
I think its very critical when your child moves back home to communicate to them that you see them as an adult and not a child, and then set those boundaries and have those conversations, says de Baca. If youre treating your kid like a teenager, then youre sending a mixed message about the value of their independence.


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If you guessed Mad Dad David Parker, you were right. He talked about his failed lawsuits and wasn't exactly telling the whole truth. It took another citizen from Maine, who runs a protection from violence program in Portland, to set the record straight (so to speak). He stated how David Parker got arrested because he told the police that he was not leaving the elementary school until they arrested him. He also read from the book which David Parker is against "Who's in a Family":
"Laura and Kyle live with their two moms, Joyce and Emily, and a poodle named Daisy. It takes all four of them to give Daisy a bath"
Wow, that's SO controversial!
You might still be able to catch the hearing because there are lots of people present.


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Etcetera sets the industry standard when it comes to safety. Before you start skating, make sure you're protected from impending spills and impacts. Etcetera makes safety gear specifically for ankles and feet, and with good reason! You need these parts of your body to be in top shape if you want to skateboard your hardest. Etcetera ankle braces are designed and tested for all levels of skaters. They provide excellent stability and are adjustable for proper fitting. They sit snugly in any type of day footwear from sneakers to flats. The same brace can be worn on either ankle. Etcetera shoe insoles are trimmed to fit inside any type of footwear. Built with impact support gel and padding, their insoles help absorb multiple impacts and prevent bruising on your heel. They offer two types of insoles: High-Pro and Lo-Pro. Their High-Pro insoles are much thicker at the forefoot and heels, providing complete foot protection coverage. The Lo-Pro insoles are thin at the forefoot and heel, allowing you to feel your skateboard. In addition to safety, Etcetera also has a selection of wall mounts. Made of heavy duty nylon composite, Etcetera skateboard racks are built to hold complete skateboards. These hanger racks are available in metal themed colors such as gold, black, and shades of silver. They also come with mounting hardware for easy assembly. Not only will you have a place for your board at the end of the day, you'll also have a great conversation piece for guests!
Etcetera is in the business of keeping skateboarders looking awesome while helping them stay safe and performing their best. When it comes to the skating lifestyle, you cannot go wrong with Etcetera!
Skateboard Decks Specs
Skateboard Completes Specs
Micro Decks Specs
Mini Decks Specs
Mid Decks Specs
Micro Completes Specs
Mini Completes Specs
Mid Completes Specs
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Skateboard Hardware Sets
Skateboard hardware is used to connect the skateboard trucks to the skateboard deck. Skateboard hardware refers to the bolts and locknuts used when building a board. The bolts can have an Allen or Phillips head. Skateboard hardware comes in many different lengths, and often includes one different colored bolt so that the rider can mark the nose of their board.
Each skateboard hardware set includes 8 bolts and 8 locknuts needed to assemble one skateboard.
What size hardware do I need to put together my skateboard?
The width of your truck axle should closely match the width of your skateboard deck, usually within 1/4".
For additional info visit ourSkateboard Trucks Buying Guide
Truck height is measured from the bottom of the truck's baseplate to the center of the axle. In general, a mid-sized truck works well for most skateboarders, but high or low trucks may be preferred for different styles of skaters.
LO - Provides extra stability for flip tricks, designed for small wheels (50-53mm wheel size recommended).
MID - Good all-around profile for street or park (53-56mm wheel size recommended).
HIGH - Great for cruising and carving, designed for large wheels (56mm+ wheel size recommended).
The hanger is the truck's T-shaped aluminum alloy grind area. It makes direct contact with rails and curbs. The hanger holds the axle on which the wheels are mounted. Hangers weigh about 10-13 oz, with lighter ones available. The width of your truck axle should closely match the width of your skateboard deck, usually within 1/4".
Construction refers to the material(s) used in fabrication or the specific brand technology.
For additional info visit ourSkateboard Buying Guide
The average width of a skateboard deck is 7.5"- 8.25". Width is influenced by the size of the rider and the type of riding. Bigger riders and those skating ramps typically prefer a wider deck. Street skaters usually choose a smaller deck. Choose your skateboard deck according to the width, not length. Here are some general guidelines:
MICRO - Deck width: 6.75" or smaller - 5 years old or younger, under 3'4" tall. Size 3 shoes or smaller.
MINI - Deck width: 7.0" - 6 to 8 years old between 3'5" & 4'4" tall. Size 4-6 shoes.
MID - Deck width: 7.3" - 9 to 12 years old between 4'5" & 5'2" tall. Size 7-8 shoes.
FULL - Deck width: 7.5" or larger - for all skaters over age 13, taller than 5'3" with a shoe size of 9 or up.
7.5" to 8"Standard board for adult riders skating streets or doing more technical tricks
8.0" to 8.25"Skating pools, ramps and parks
8.25" and largerVert, pools, cruising and just going old school
Still having a hard time with size, try our Skateboard Sizer
For additional info visit ourSkateboard Decks Buying Guide
Deck type refers to the size or style (shape) of the skateboard deck. If you are a beginner, choose your deck according to the width, not the length. The width you need depends on your size, skating style and personal preference. Here are some general guidelines:
Cruisers, Old School, Freestyle, Longboard and Downhill all refer to a skateboarding style and the corresponding shape.
Length is measured from the tip of the nose to the tip of the tail. Average board length is 28"- 32" and longboards can range 32" and larger, but length is only referred to by advanced skaters.
Wheel size or diameter - All Skateboard wheels are measured in millimeters (mm). The smaller the number, the smaller the wheel. Smaller wheels are slower; bigger wheels are faster.
50-53mm - Small slower wheels, stable for trick riding and smaller riders skating street, skate parks and bowls.
54-59mm - Average wheel size for beginners and bigger riders skating street, skate parks, bowls and vert ramps.
60mm + - Specialty riders skating longboards, old-school boards, downhill and dirt boards; made for speed and rougher surfaces.
For additional info visit ourSkateboard Wheels Buying Guide
Durometer measures the wheel's hardness. Harder wheels are faster; softer wheels are slower but have better grip.
78a-87a - Soft wheel good for rough surfaces, longboards or street boards that need lots of grip and easier to roll over cracks and pebbles. Designed for a smooth ride cruising, longboards, hills and rough surfaces.
88a-95a - Slightly harder and faster with a little less grip, but the grip's still good. Street; rough surfaces.
96a-99a - Good speed and grip - an all-around wheel. Great for beginners skating street, skate parks, ramps and pools. Smooth surfaces.
101a + - Hardest and fastest wheel with the least grip. Ineffective on slick and rough surfaces. These are pro wheels.
83b-84b - Wheels using the B scale are extremely hard, measuring 20 points lower than the the A Scale in order to allow the scale to extend another 20 points for harder wheels.
The laws for skateboarding helmets vary from state to state. Many states require that skaters wear a helmet under a certain age, and some states like California make all skaters under 18 wear a CPSC Certified helmet at all times. CSPC skateboard helmets usually have an EPS protective liner that meets the safety standards for skateboarding. Make sure you check your state's regulations before ordering.
CPSC Certified Helmets: California requires that all skateboard helmets must meet the requirements of the United States Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC). Section 890.4 of the Streets and Highways Code enforces these standards in California and will not allow Warehouse Skateboards to ship non-CPSC Certified helmets to California.
For additional info visit ourSkateboard Helmets Guide
Unsure of the size you need?
Visit our Clothing Sizing Charts
Most bearings are measured by an ABEC rating. The higher the ABEC rating, the more accurate and precise the bearing will be. This rating system includes grades 1,3,5,7 and 9. The closer you get to an ABEC 9 rating, the faster and less friction you will have when skateboarding.
Many companies do not use the ABEC rating scale. They brand their own specific technology.
For additional info visit ourSkateboard Bearings Buying Guide
Note: Each brands skateboard helmet size will vary; therefore, it is best to measure your head and refer to the sizing chart specific to each brand of helmet. In order to properly measure your head, follow these steps:
Wrap a soft tape measure around your forehead, just above your eyebrows and ears. Keep the tape measure level from the front to the back of your head. Your skateboard helmet should sit low on your forehead.
If you do not have a flexible tape measure, try marking a string and measuring it against a ruler.
If the helmet is a gift or you cannot measure the skater's head, measure the inside of a current helmet or hat they wear.
Within each skateboard helmet product page there are specific measurements for each skate brand. Use that information, along with your head size, to determine your correct helmet size before placing your order. This will ensure that you receive the best fit.
For additional info visit ourSizing Skateboard Helmets