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Principal The Book of Lost Tales I
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* 56 Debated ancient childish things † This poem is given, in three different texts, on pp. 33–43.—A poem written at Étaples in the Pas de Calais in June 1916 and entitled 'The Lonely Isle' is explicitly addressed to England. See Letters, p. 437, note 4 to letter 43. * 1 You and I SEARCHABLE TERMS This index provides (in intention) complete page-references to all entries with the exception of Eldar/Elves, Gods/V alar, and Valinor; the entries include the rejected name-forms given in the Notes, but the Appendix on Names is not covered. Occasionally references are given to pages where a person or place is not actually named, as 'the door-ward' p. 46 under Rúmil. References are given to mentions of Tales that will appear in Part II, but not to mentions of those in this book. The explanatory statements are kept very brief, and names defined in the Index to The Silmarillion are not as a rule explained here. The pagination of this electronic edition does not match the edition from which it was created. To locate a specific passage, please use the search feature of your e-book reader. Adventures of Tom Bombadil, The 27, 32, 204 Ælfwine 'Elf-friend', later name for Eriol. 24, 49, 107, 234; the tale of Ælfwine of England 24, 134 Æsc (Old English) 245. See Askr. Ailios Earlier name of Gilfanon. 197–8, 204, 220–2, 227, 229–31 Ainairos Elf of Alqaluntë. 208, 222. (Replaced Oivárin.) Ainulindalë 49, 60–3. See Music of the Ainur. Ainur (Singular Ainu; plural Ainu 52, 60–1.) 52–7, 59–63, 66–7, 102, 105, 147, 150–1, 154–5, 219, 225; Ainu Melko 147, 150. See Music of the Ainur. Alalminórë 'Land of Elms', region of Tol Eressëa. 16, 25, 33, 36, 39, 41, 43, 94; Alalminor 40; the first part of the poem The Trees of Kortirion 39. See Gar Lossion, Land of Elms. Aldaron Name of Oromë, 'king of forests'. 66, 79; lord of forests 71 All-Hallows 34, 38, 42 Almain, Ocean of The North Sea. 205–6 Almaren 87, 110, 222 Alqaluntë See Kópas Alqaluntë. Alqualondë 171, 223 Aluin Time, the oldest of the Ainur.; 219, 222. (Replaced Lúmin.) Aman 23, 26, 93, 135, 137, 196. See Blessed Realm. Ambarkanta 'Shape of the World' (cosmological work). 86, 227 Amillo Youngest of the great Valar, called also Ómar. 67, 75, 80, 89, 93, 228 Amnon Prophecy of Amnon, Amnon the Prophet. 172, 197 Amnor Strands of Amnor. 176, 197. (Replaced Amnos.) Amnos The beaching-place of the ship Mornië the prophecies of Amnos. 167, 170, 172, 197. (Replaced Emnon, Morniento.) Anfauglith 243 Angaino 'The Oppressor', the great chain in which Melko was bound. 101, 103–5, 114; later form Angainor 111 Angamandi 'Hells of Iron.' 77, 90, 92, 198, 230, 238. See Hells of Iron. Angband 158–9, 198, 240–4; Siege of Angband 242 Angeln 24 Anglo-Saxon(s) 24. See Old English (references to the language). Angol 'Ironcliffs', Gnomish name of Eriol and of his homeland. 24, 107 Araman 83, 93, 172–3 Aratar 62, 80 Arcturus 133, 200. See Morwinyon. Arda 80, 87, 110–11, 133, 199, 202 Arien 88 Artanor Region afterwards named Doriath. 175, 196, 240–1 Arvalin Name interchangeable with Eruman, q.v. 19, 22, 32, 68, 70, 74, 76–7, 79, 82–3, 85, 87, 90–1, 93, 118, 125, 130–1, 145, 147, 155, 157–8, 167, 170, 188; Arvalien 148, 155; Bay of Arvalin 119, 122–3, 125 Aryador 'Land of Shadow', name of Hisilómë among Men. 119, 138–9; poem A Song of Aryador 138–9 Asgon Earlier name of Lake Mithrim. 238–9, 241 Askr The first Man, in Scandinavian mythology. 245 Astaldo Name of Tulkas. 80 Atlantic Ocean 24 Aulë 16, 48, 50, 56, 58, 60, 62, 66–71, 73–4, 76–80, 82, 90, 100–5, 111, 113–14, 117–18, 121–2, 124, 126–8, 133, 135, 137, 141–2, 145, 147–9, 152–4, 158–9, 176–7, 179–81, 183, 185–6, 189, 191–2, 195, 198, 201, 209–10, 212, 215, 217, 224. See Talkamarda. Aulenossë 'Kindred of Aulë', name given to the Noldoli who remained in Valinor. 176, 197–8; Aulë's kindred 16 Aur The Sun (Gnomish). 196 Avari 131, 234 Avathar 82, 157, 160 Balrogs 93, 161, 241 Battle of Palisor See Palisor. Battle of Sudden Flame See Dagor Bragollach. Battle of the Powers 111 Battle of Unnumbered Tears 230, 239–44. See Nirnaeth Arnoediad. Bay of Faëry 68, 83, 119, 125, 129, 134, 209–11. See Faëry. Beleriand 51, 132, 240, 242–3 Bëor 236 Beorn (1) Uncle of Ottor W[image: image]fre (Eriol). 23. (2) The shape-changer, in The Hobbit. 23 Beowulf 23 Beren 82, 90, 238, 240–1; also in references to the original Tale of (Beren and) Tinúviel, see Tinúviel. Bitter Hills See Iron Mountains. Blessed Realm 173; blessed realms 182, 199. See Aman. Bráglorin A name of the Sun (Gnomish). 187 Bridge of Heaven See Ilweran. Britain 23–4 Brithombar 134 Bronweg Gnomish form of Voronwë. 48, 52 Bruithwir Father of Fëanor. 145–6, 148–9, 155–6, 158, 243; Bruithwir go-Fëanor 155; Bruithwir go-Maidros 146, 155 Calacirya 'Pass of Light'. 135, 157, 171, 223 Carpenter, Humphrey J. R. R. Tolkien, a Biography. 32, 204, 221 Children of Ilúvatar 57, 63, 80, 97, 115–17, 150, 179, 223, 235; Ilúvatar's younger sons 180; Children of (the) Earth 211, 225, 227; Children of the World 44, 117, 142, 220 Children of the Gods 145, 183, 189; Children of the Valar 63 Chill Gulf See Qerkaringa. Círdan the Shipwright 134 City of the Gods, The (poem, earlier title Kôr). 136 Cópas See Kópas Alqaluntë. Cottage of Lost Play (not including references to the Tale itself) and other names (Cottage of the Children, of the Children of the Earth, of the Play of Sleep; House of Lost Play; House of Memory) 14, 19–20, 27–8, 31–2, 62, 140, 189, 199, 211, 225, 230; poem(s) on the subject 27–31. See Mar Vanwa Tyaliéva. Crithosceleg A name of the Moon (Gnomish). 192 Cuiviénen 85, 131. See Koivië-néni, Waters of Awakening. Cûm a Gumlaith, Cûm a Thegranaithos 'Mound of the First Sorrow', tomb of Bruithwir Fëanor's father. 149 Cwén Wife of Ottor W[image: image]fre (Eriol). 24 Dagor Bragollach 'The Battle of Sudden Flame'. 242 Danish peninsula 24 Danuin 'Day', child of Aluin 'Time'. 217–19, 222, 227; earlier forms Danos, Dana, 222 Dark Elves 232–7, 244. See Hisildi, Humarni, Kaliondi. Daurin A Gnome, slain by Melko in the attack on the Trees; also called Tórin. 153, 156, 160 Days of Gloaming See Lomendánar. Deep-elves Gnomes. 43 Door of Night 215–17, 219, 221–2, 226–7. See Moritarnon, Tarn Fui. Dor Edloth, Dor Us(g)wen Earlier Gnomish names of Tol Eressëa. 21. (Replaced by Dor Faidwen.) Dor Faidwen 'Land of Release', Gnomish name of Tol Eressëa. 13, 21, 51 Doriath 196, 240, 243. See Artanor. Dor Lómin 'Land of Shadow'. 112, 138, 240–1, 243. See Hisilómë. Double Mirth Great festival in Valinor. 143–4, 222. See Samírien. Duruchalm Rejected name for Turuhalmë. 244 Dwarves 236–7, 267. See Nauglath. Eä The Universe. 173, 199, 225 (the word of Ilúvatar bringing it into being 62, 225). Eärendel 13, 15, 18, 24, 48, 141; the Tale of Eärendel 27, 221, 230–1, 233; later form Eärendil 135 Earth-lady Kémi (Yavanna Palúrien). 71, 79, 179–80, 214; Earth-queen 177 Easterling Men 135 Eastward Lands 233; Eastern lands 211; Eastern shore(s) 182, 214–15, 226 Ecthelion 93 Edain 40 Eglarest 134 Egnor Father of Beren. 240–1 Eldalië 51, 97–8, 115, 117–18, 128, 140, 150, 165, 231, 235 Eldamar 'Elfhome'. 19–20, 65, 68, 77, 98, 125–6, 129, 135, 137, 140, 143, 154, 164, 166, 171, 177 (in almost all occurrences the reference is to the shores, coasts, strand, beach, or rocks of Eldamar); Bay of Eldamar 134–5. See Elfinesse. Eldar (Singular Elda). Selected references (including both Eldar and Elves): reference and meaning of the terms Eldar, Elves 50–1, 131, 235; tongues of, 47–8, 50–1, 177, 215, 232, 235–6; origin, nature, and fate 57, 59–61, 66, 76, 80, 90, 97, 142, 157, 213; stature in relation to Men 32, 233, 235; relations with Men 32, 98, 150–1, 159, 175, 235; awakening 113–16; summoning to Valinor 115–17, 132; fading 32, 179 Elder Kindred 42 Elf-friends 240 Elfin Of the language of the Eldar 48, 50–1; as adjective to Elves 20, 123, 165, 174, 192, 211, 213, 215, unelfin 99, 116 Elfinesse Translation of Eldamar (see Appendix, p. 251). 22, 211, 240 Ellu Lord of the Solosimpi, chosen in place of Tinwë Linto (later Olwë distinct from Elu Thingol). 120, 130, 132–3, 155; Ellu Melemno 141, 155, Melemno 155 Elmir One of the two first Men (with Ermon). 236–7 Eltas Teller of the Tale of Turambar. 229 Elu Thingol 132. See Thingol. Elvenfolk 110 Elvenhome 38, 42, 109–10 Elves See Eldar; also Dark, Deep, Grey, High, Island, Light, Lost, Sea, Shoreland, Elves Elwenildo Earlier name of Ilverin (Littleheart). 52 Elwë Singollo 132–3 Embla The first Woman, in Scandinavian mythology. 245 Emnon Prophecies of Emnon. 170, 172, 197. (Replaced Morniento; replaced by Amnos.) Enchanted Isles 137, 224 England, English 22–7, 202. See Old English. Eoh Father of Ottor W[image: image]fre (Eriol). 23–4 Eönwë Herald of Manwë. 63, 93 Ered Wethrin The Mountains of Shadow. 112, 158, 242 Erinti Daughter of Manwë and Varda. 58, 62, 202 Eriol 14–18, 20, 22–7, 32, 45–51, 63–5, 78, 94–8, 107, 112–13, 129, 140, 164, 166, 169, 174–5, 189, 195–7, 202–3, 225, 230, 234–5; Eriollo 24. For his name and history see especially 23–4; and see Ælfwine. Ermon One of the two first Men (with Elmir), 236–7, 239, 243, 245; people, folk, sons, of Ermon 237–8, 240 Eru 173 Eruman Name interchangeable with Arvalin, q.v.; (originally) the region east of the Mountains of Valinor and south of Taniquetil (see especially 82–3, 91–3). 68, 70, 79, 82–3, 87, 91–3, 145, 151–2, 155, 157–8, 200; Erumáni 70, 79, 91, 125, 131, 149, 179, 188, 196, 200. (Earlier names of the region: Habbanan, Harwalin, Harvalien, Harmalin.) Estë 88, 201 Evromord Door-ward of Mar Vanwa Tyaliéva (apparently intended to replace Rúmil). 107 Faëry 129; Faery Realms 33, 36, 39. See Bay of Faëry. Fairies 19, 22–3, 25–6, 32, 34–6, 51, 59, 110, 166, 175, 192, 196, 212, 228, 230, 232, 235, 237, 244; lost fairies 231, 235; false-fairies, see Kaukareldar; fairy speech 13, 51 Fairyland 110 Falas 134 Falassë Númëa 'Western Surf', on the shores of Tol Eressëa. 124 Falman-Ossë See Ossë. Falmarini Spirits of the sea-foam. 66 Fangli Earlier name of Fankil. 236–7. See Fúkil. Fankil Servant of Melko. 107, 237. (Replaced Fangli/Fúkil.) Fantur (Plural Fánturi.) The Valar Vefántur Mandos and Lórien Olofántur. 79, 89, 101; later form Fëanturi 79–80 Fanuin 'Year', child of Aluin 'Time'. 217–19, 222, 227. (Replaced Lathos, Lathweg.) Faring Forth 17, 19, 25–7, 97–8 Faskala-númen 'Bath of the Setting Sun'. 187; Faskalan 187, 192, 215. See Tanyasalpë. Fay(s) 94, 108, 120, 132, 215, 232, 234, 236–7, 239 Fëanor 128, 138, 141, 145–6, 149–51, 155–60, 162, 165, 168–9, 171, 173, 175, 181, 192, 198, 238, 240–3; Sons of Fëanor 192, 197, 238–43; Oath of Fëanor or of his sons 171, 238, 240, 243 Fëanorians 158, 173, 242–3 Fëanturi See Fantur. Feast of Reunion 240, 243. Feast of Reuniting, see Mereth Aderthad. Finarfin 44, 171, 173, 223 Fingolfin 87, 132, 156, 173, 243 Fingolma Name of Finwë Nólemë. 238–9 Fingon 173, 243 Finrod Felagund 44, 173. See Inglor. Finwë Lord of the Noldoli, called also Nólemë, Nólemë Finwë, Finwë Nólemë (all references are collected here). 115–16, 119, 123, 132, 135, 138, 141–2, 156–7, 162–3, 167, 170–1, 173, 213, 238–41, 243, 245. See Fingolma, Golfinweg. Fionwë, Fionwë-úrion Son of Manwë and Varda. 58, 62–3, 93, 101, 194, 202, 215, 219 Formenos 156–9, 161 Fruit of Noon 186–7, 191, 193, 201 Fui Death-goddess, called also Nienna, Fui Nienna (all references are collected here). 66, 76–7, 79–80, 82, 88–90, 92, 117, 144–5, 167, 189, 202, 213; Fui as name of her abode 77, 90. See Heskil, Núri, Qalmë-Tári. Fúkil Earlier name of Fankil. 236–7. See Fangli. Fumellar Poppies in the gardens of Lórien. 74 Galadriel 44 Galmir 'Goldgleamer', a name of the Sun (Gnomish). 187, 196 Gar Eglos Original Gnomish name of Tol Eressëa (replaced by Dor Edloth etc.) 21 Gar Lossion 'Place of Flowers', Gnomish name of Alalminórë. 16, 21. (Replaced Losgar.) Gates of Morn 216, 221, 226; Gates of East and West (i.e. the Gates of Morn and the Door of Night) 219 Gilfanon (Gilfanon a · Davrobel, Gilfanon of Tavrobel) 51, 174–5, 188–9, 194–8, 203–4, 219, 222, 228–31, 235. (Replaced Ailios.) Gim-Githil Gnomish name of Inwë. 22, 131–2. (Replaced Githil, replaced by Inwithiel.) Githil 22. See Gim-Githil. Glingol Gnomish name of the Golden Tree of Valinor. 22 Gloomweaver Translation of Wirilómë, Gwerlum, the great Spider. 152–3 Glorvent 'Ship of Gold', a name of the Sun (Gnomish). 187 Gnomes (including Gnome-folk, Gnome-kin) 13, 16–17, 21–2, 24, 27, 43–4, 49–51, 62, 94, 129, 140–2, 144, 146, 150–1, 153, 156–7, 160, 163, 165–9, 171, 174–6, 178, 187, 192, 196, 198, 207–10, 213, 220, 234, 237–43. See especially 43–4, 50–1, and see Noldoli. Gnomish, Gnome-speech, tongue of the Gnomes 21–2, 24, 43, 48, 50–2, 89, 91, 108, 130, 132, 138, 160, 200, 235, 245 Goblin Feet (poem) 32, 136; on the meaning of Goblin here see the Appendix, entry Noldoli, p. 262. Goblins 47, 237, 245 Gods Passim; on the nature and character of the Gods (Valar, see 63) and their relation to Manwë see especially 103–4, 111, 149, 182, 189–90, 199, 209, 213, 219–20, 222–3, 225–6, 228; language of the Gods 47–8, 51–2, 235. See Children of the Gods. go-Fëanor, go-Maidros 'son of Fëanor, of Maidros'. 155; 146, 155, 158 Goldriel Earlier name of Golthadriel. 22 Golfinweg Gnomish name of Nólemë Finwë. 115, 132 Golthadriel Gnomish name of Salmar (Noldorin). 22. (Replaced Goldriel.) Gondolin 25, 27, 47, 52, 93, 158, 167–8, 172, 239, 242, 245; the tale of Tuor and the Exiles of Gondolin ('The Fall of Gondolin') 45, 52, 88–9, 112, 172, 203, 231, 233, 242, 245 Gong of the Children In Mar Vanwa Tyaliéva. 15, 17, 27, 230. See Tombo, Littleheart. Gongs See 245 Gonlath A great rock on Taniquetil. 219 Gorfalon, Gorfalong Site of the Battle of Unnumbered Tears. 238, 240, 244. See Vale of Weeping Waters, Valley of the Fountains. Gothmog Lord of Balrogs. 93. See Kosomot. Great Bear 133; Silver Bear 33, 35; Silver Wain 39, 43. See Seven Stars, Valacirca. Great End 53, 59, 63, 77, 90–2, 97, 157, 182, 219 Great Folk of the West Name of the Gods among the Ilkorins. 231 Great Haywood Village in Staffordshire (Tavrobel). 25, 196 Great Lands The lands east of the Great Sea. 15, 18–21, 24–7, 32, 48–9, 51, 68, 81–2, 85 (i Nori Landar), 94, 106, 111, 114, 118, 125, 129, 134–5, 157–60, 166–8, 170, 177, 197–8, 212, 220, 224, 226, 230, 234, 244 Great March, Great Journey 44, 50, 132–3, 144, 244; described 118–20 Great Plains 240 Great Sea(s) 21, 36, 46, 53, 64, 68–9, 71, 81–3, 85 (Haloisi Velikë), 106, 118, 120, 125, 135, 137, 146, 166, 194; also called the Sea, the mighty Sea, etc.; Western Water 125 Grey-elves 51, 132, 243 Grinding Ice See Helcaraxë. Guarded Plain of Nargothrond See Talath Dirnen. Gungliont Earlier name of Ungoliont. 156, 160 Gwerlum 'Gloomweaver', Gnomish name of the great Spider. 152 (Gwerlum the Black), 153, 160. See Wirilómë. Gylfaginning A part of the 'Prose Edda' by Snorri Sturluson. 245 Habbanan Earlier name of the region Eruman/Arvalin. 79, 82, 91–2, 130–1, 155, 170; poem Habbanan beneath the Stars 91–2 Hall of Play Regained In Mar Vanwa Tyaliéva. 15 Halmadhurwion Another name for Turuhalmë. 244 Hanstovánen The beaching-place of the ship Mornië. 167, 170; also Vanë Hansto 170 Happy Mariners, The (poem) 221 Harmalin Earlier name of the region Eruman/Arvalin. 22, 79, 82, 85, 130, 155 Harvalien Earlier form for Arvalin. 155 Harwalin Earlier form for Arvalin. 22, 79, 82, 91, 131 Haudh-en-Ndengin The Hill of Slain in the desert of Anfauglith. 243 Haven of the Moon 215–16 Haven of the Sun 213, 215, 221, 225, 236 Haven of the Swanships 164; Haven of the Swans 208; Swanhaven 164; the Haven 165, 171, 176. See Ielfethý Þ, Kópas Alqaluntë. Heaven 92 Heden Father of Eoh, father of Ottor W[image: image]fre (Eriol). 23 Helcar The Inland Sea. 87. See Helkar. Helcaraxë The Grinding Ice. See Helkaraksë. Heligoland 23–4 Helkar The pillar of the Southern Lamp. 69–71, 87, 106, 118. See Helcar. Helkaraksë 'Icefang', promontory of the Outer Land in the far North. 167–9, 172, 177, 210, 220, 224, 237, 241. See Helcaraxë, Icefang. Hell 92 Hells of Iron 77, 92, 158, 198, 242. See Angamandi. Helluin Sirius. 200. See Nielluin. Hengest Invader of Britain 23; son of Ottor W[image: image]fre (Eriol) 24 Heskil 'Winter One', name of Fui Nienna. 66 Hiding of Valinor See Valinor. High Elves 43; High-elven 44 High Heaven 187 Hildor The Aftercomers, Men. 223 Hill of Death The cairn raised over Finwë Nólemë. 241, 243 Hill of Slain See Haudh-en-Ndengin. Hills of Iron See Iron Mountains. Hiri Stream in Valinor. 142, 156 Hisildi The twilight people: Dark Elves. 232, 244 Hisilómë 101, 106–7, 111–12, 115, 118–19, 132, 135, 138, 158–9, 175, 196, 237–9, 241–4; see especially 111–12, 135, and see Aryador, Dor Lómin, Land of Shadow. Hithlum 107, 112, 135 Hobbit, The 23, 43 Horsa Invader of Britain 23; son of Ottor W[image: image]fre (Eriol) 24 House of Lost Play 189; poem The Little House of Lost Play 28, 30–1 House of the Hundred Chimneys The house of Gilfanon at Tavrobel. 175, 196 Hrivion The third part of the poem The Trees of Kortirion. 42 Humarni A name of the Dark Elves. 244 Húrin 239, 242; folk of, 244. See úrin. Hyarmentir, Mount 160 Icefang 167, 169, 172, 224. See Helkaraksë. Icy Realms 166 Ielfethy Þ 'Swanhaven' (Old English). 164 Ilinsor Spirit of the Súruli, steersman of the Moon. 192–5, 207, 215, 218–19, 222, 227; called the huntsman of the firmament 195, 227 Ilkorin(s) Elves 'not of Kôr'. 175, 196, 231, 235–41, 243; Ilkorin tongue 236 Illuin The Northern Lamp. 87 Ilmarë Handmaid of Varda. 62 Ilsaluntë 'Silver Boat', a name of the Moon. 192, 194–5 Ilterendi The fetters set on Melko. 101, 104 Ilu ="Il$$$uacute###vatar." 52, 60–1 Ilurambar The Walls of the World. 227 Ilúvatar 49, 52–7, 59–63, 67, 74, 86, 90, 92–3, 97, 99, 113–14, 116, 118, 141, 144, 150–1, 162, 180, 182–3, 185, 187, 199, 214, 218–20, 225–7, 230, 232–3, 236, 244; Lord for Always 49, Lord of All 233. See Children of Ilúvatar. Ilverin Littleheart son of Bronweg. 46, 52. (Replaced Elwenildo.) Ilwë The middle air that flows among the stars. 65, 69, 73, 83, 85, 113, 127, 138, 181, 193–4 Ilweran 'Bridge of Heaven', the Rainbow. 212–13. See Rainbow. Indis Mother of Fingolfin and Finarfin. 44 Ing Earlier name of Inwë. 22, 132 Ingil Son of Inwë. 16, 22, 25–6, 95–6, 129, 132, 200. (Replaced Ingilmo.) Ingilmo Earlier name of Ingil. 22, 132 Inglor Earlier name of Finrod (Felagund). 44 Ingwë Lord of the Vanyar. 26, 132, 135, 223. See Inwë. Inland Sea See Helcar. Inwë King of the Eldar of Kôr (later Ingwë). 16, 18, 22, 25–6, 49–50, 59, 82, 116–18, 122–3, 129, 132, 135, 141, 144, 162, 196, 200, 213; called also Isil 115, Isil Inwë 115–16, 132. (Replaced Ing.) See Ingwë, Inwithiel. Inwir The royal clan of the Teleri (="the" later Vanyar), kindred of Inwë. 26, 48–50, 52, 115, 126, 132, 143, 163, 235 Inwithiel Gnomish name of Inwë. 16, 22, 115, 131–2. (Replaced Githil, Gim-Githil.) Iron Mountains 112, 118, 149, 158–9, 176, 198, 238, 240, 242; called also Mountains of Iron 101, 112, 166, 243, Hills of Iron 209, 243, mountains of the North 77, Bitter Hills 238, 240, 242. See especially 112, 158–9. Irtinsa, Lake 193, 215 Isil, Isil Inwë See Inwë. Island Elves Elves of Tol Eressëa. 48–9, 129 Kalaventë, Kalavénë 'Ship of Light', a name of the Sun. 188, 198, 221–2 Kaliondi A name of the Dark Elves. 244 Kalormë Great mountain in the furthest East. (83), 212, 225 Kapalinda Source of the stream Kelusindi in Valinor. 157 Kaukareldar 'False-fairies'. 239, 245 Kelusindi Stream in Valinor. 157 Kement´ri Name of Yavanna. 79 Kémi Name of Yavanna Palúrien. 71–2, 79, 100, 179, 209. See Earth-lady. Kinslaughter, Kinslaying (at Swanhaven) 164, 169, 171, 176, 199, 239 Koivië-néni 'Waters of Awakening'. 85, 115, 117, 232; Waters of Koivië 115. See Cuiviénen, Waters of Awakening. Kópas Alqaluntë (Alqalunten) 'Haven of the Swanships'. 163–4, 171; Kópas 164, 166, 171, 178, 209, 223; Cópas, Cópas Alqaluntë 163, 169; Alqaluntë 176, 239. See Haven of the Swanships. Kôr City of the Elves in Eldamar and the hill on which it was built. 15–16, 18–20, 25–7, 31, 48–50, 58, 65, 83, 98, 115, 122–3, 126–9, 135, 137, 141–4, 146–7, 149–54, 156, 159, 162–4, 169, 171, 175, 177, 196, 207, 209–11, 213, 220, 222, 225, 230–1, 235, 242; see especially 122–3. The Trees of Kôr 123, 135, 213, 221. Poem Kôr (renamed The City of the Gods) 136. See Tûn. Koreldar Elves of Kôr. 50, 143 Korin Enclosure formed by elm-trees in which Meril-i-Turinqi dwelt. 16, 95 Koromas The town of Kortirion. 16, 22, 24–6; earlier form Kormas 22 Kortirion Chief town of Alalminórë in Tol Eressëa. 16, 24–6, 32–3, 35–43, 49, 132, 175, 222. Poem Kortirion among the Trees 25, 32–9, 50, late version The Trees of Kortirion 32, 39–43. See Koromas. Kosomot Son of Melko (="Gothmog" Lord of Balrogs). 93 Kulullin The cauldron of golden light in Valinor. 71, 73, 76, 88, 99, 127, 154, 177–8, 180–1, 183, 186, 190, 208, 212 Lammas (Harvest festival, 1st of August) 41 Lamp of Vána The Sun. 187 Lamps, The 69–71, 87, 100, 110–11, 118, 134, 152, 182 Land of Elms 16, 25, 33, 36, 39–40, 95. See Alalminórë. Land of Shadow(s) 112, 138, 239–40; land of shade 118. See Aryador, Dor Lómin, Hisilómë. Langon Servant of Melko. 102 Lathos, Lathweg Earlier names of Fanuin. 222 Laurelin 72–3, 75–6, 88–9, 99, 116–17, 119, 122, 126–8, 135, 153, 162, 178–9, 181–2, 184–6, 190–1, 193, 200–1. See Glingol, Lindelos, Lindeloksë. Leeds 108, 136, 204 Letters of J. R. R. Tolkien 22, 25, 44–5, 192 Light-elves 43 Limpë The drink of the Eldar. 17, 95–8, 107, 166, 174–5, 230 Lindeloksë Name of Laurelin. 22, 72, 79, 88, 119, 131. (Replaced Lindelótë, Lindeloktë.) Lindeloktë Name of Laurelin. 22. (Replaced by Lindeloksë.) Lindelos Name of Laurelin. 18, 22. (Replaced Lindeloksë in one passage.) Lindelótë Name of Laurelin. 79, 131. (Replaced by Lindeloksë.) Lindo Elf of Tol Eressëa, master of Mar Vanwa Tyaliéva. 14–18, 20, 24, 26–7, 45, 63, 65, 78, 129, 140, 162, 166, 169–70, 174–5, 182, 189, 194–7, 200, 203, 219–20, 229–31 Linqil A name of Ulmo. 61 Linwë Tinto, Linwë Earlier name of Tinwë Linto. 106–7, 130, 132 Lirillo A name of Salmar (Noldorin). 144, 155 Littleheart Son of Bronweg, called 'the Gong-warden' (of Mar Vanwa Tyaliéva). 15, 46, 48, 52, 64, 94–6, 230. See Ilverin. Lómëarni A name of the Dark Elves. 244 Lomendánar 'The Days of Gloaming' before the making of the Lamps. 69, 79; Lome Danar 79 Lonely Companies 34, 37; Faithful Companies 41 Lonely Island, Lonely Isle 13, 15–16, 22–3, 25, 37, 85, 121, 125, 134, 136–7, 224; the Isle, our isle 97, 174–5; the fairies' isle 175; poem The Lonely Isle 25. See Tol Eressëa. Lord of Gloaming The wizard Tû. 232 Lord of the Rings, The 41–4, 200 Lórien 27, 66, 71–4, 79–80, 88–9, 99–101, 105–6, 111, 113–15, 117, 132, 147, 177–9, 183, 189–91, 193–5, 199, 201–2, 209–11, 213, 221, 224. See Fantur, Olofantur. Losengriol Earlier form for Lothengriol. 172 Losgar (1) Earlier name for Gar Lossion. 21. (2) The place of the burning of the ships of the Teleri. 198 Lost Elves 68, 119, 138, 237, 244; lost bands 48–50; lost fairies 231, 235; lost kindreds 237; lost families of the kindred 17, 26 Lothengriol 'Lily of the Valley', one of the Seven Names of Gondolin. 172. (Replaced Losengriol.) Lúmin Earlier name of Aluin. 222 Lúthien, Lúthien Tinúviel 82, 90, 107, 132, 203. See Tinúviel. Mablon the Ilkorin 239, 241 Maedhros Eldest son of Fëanor. 243; Union of Maedhros 243. See Maidros. Magic Isles 36, 39, 64, 68, 83, 85 (I Tolli Kuruvar), 121, 125, 134, 211, 220, 224 (see especially 211); Magic Archipelago 134 Magic Sun 17, 25, 35, 65, 179, 199 Maiar 63, 80, 88 Maidros (1) Father of Fëanor's father Bruithwir. 146, 155, 158, 238. (2) Eldest son of Fëanor (later Maedhros). 158, 238–40, 242–3 Mainlos Earlier form for Minethlos. 198 Makar Warrior Vala. 67, 75, 77–8, 80, 82, 89, 98, 101, 103, 105, 117, 144, 154–5, 177 Mandos (Vala) 66–7, 72, 76, 79–80, 82, 89–90, 101, 105, 111, 113, 117, 145, 147–8, 154, 158, 167–8, 171–2, 189, 213, 224, 234; children of Mandos 116, 154, 173. See Vefántur. (Region of his abode) 47, 76–8, 82, 90, 99–100, 105–6, 111, 131, 142–3, 145, 156–7, 167, 170, 172, 176. See Vê. Man in the Moon See Moon, Uolë Kúvion; poem 202, 204–6 Mánir Spirits of the air, attendant on Manwë and Varda. 68, 91, 144, 181, 188, 200 Manwë 26–7, 48, 52, 56, 58–60, 62–3, 65–7, 69–70, 73–4, 79, 88–93, 99–105, 111, 113–17, 122, 124, 126–9, 131–2, 138, 141, 143–51, 153–4, 156–9, 162, 172, 176–84, 186–8, 190, 192, 194–6, 199, 208–9, 211–21, 223, 230, 233, 244; called Lord of the Air 176, of the Heavens 190, of Gods and Elves and Men, of the Gods, of Gods and Elves, of Elves and Men 52, 58–9, 62, 100, 104, 115, 142, 218. See Súlimo, Valahíru, Valatúru; Valwë. March of Liberation The great expedition from Kôr. 166; march into the world 26, 129, 196 Mar Vanwa Tyaliéva The Cottage of Lost Play in Kortirion. 14, 21 (also Taliéva), 27–8, 30, 48, 97, 129, 174, 202, 229; in title of poem 28, 30 Meássë Warrior goddess. 67, 77–8, 80, 82, 89, 98, 105, 117, 154, 177 Melemno, Ellu Melemno See Ellu. Melian 107, 132–3. See Tindriel, Wendelin. Melko 25–7, 47, 49, 52–60, 62–3, 66–70, 77–9, 87, 89–90, 92–3, 98–107, 111, 113–18, 120, 128, 131, 133, 135, 140–54, 156–60, 165–9, 171, 174, 176–7, 180, 182–3, 196, 198, 200, 203, 207–11, 213, 217, 219–20, 222–3, 230, 234, 236–44; son(s) of Melko 93, 210, child of Melko 237; Melko's Chains 98, 107, 168; Mines of Melko 239, 241. See Melkor, Morgoth. Melkor 26, 79–80, 110, 112, 131, 133, 156–61, 198–9, 222–3, 225 Men, Mankind 16, 18–20, 25–7, 31–2, 45, 47, 49, 52–3, 56–7, 59–61, 63–4, 68, 77, 80, 82, 90–3, 97–9, 105, 118–19, 125, 134–5, 138–9, 146, 150, 156, 159, 174–5, 177, 180, 187, 189, 198, 207–8, 211–13, 215–16, 219–21, 223–5, 230, 233–42, 244. On the nature and fate of Men see especially 59–61, 77, 90–3, 150–1 Mereth Aderthad The Feast of Reuniting. 243 Meril-i-Turinqi The Lady of Tol Eressëa; also Meril, Turinqi. 16–17, 20, 22, 26, 48, 50, 52, 95–8, 107, 111–13, 129–30, 134, 175, 230, 235; Lady of the Isle 175 Mettanyë The last part of the poem The Trees of Kortirion. 43 Middle-earth 21, 23, 26, 51, 81, 89, 110–11, 132–5, 199, 222–3 Middle lands 234 Mindon Eldaliéva 135 Minethlos A name of the Moon (Gnomish). 192, 198. (Replaced Mainlos.) Miruvor 153, 160; miruvórë 161 Mithrim (lake and region) 160, 238–9, 241, 243. See Asgon. Moon, The 60, 64, 83, 85, 88, 119, 151, 174–5, 182, 187, 192–3, 195, 197, 199–203, 206–8, 214–20, 227–8, 242; Ship of the Moon 192, 194, 216; Man in the Moon 193, 202; King of the Moon 202; Harvest Moon 41. See Haven of the Moon; and for other names of the Moon see 192. Morgoth 26, 135, 222, 242–3 Moritarnon 'The Door of Night'. 215, 222; Móritar 222. See Door of Night, Tarn Fui. Mornië The black ship that ferries the dead from Mandos. 77, 90, 92, 167, 170, 172 Morniento Earlier name of the beaching-place of the ship Mornië. 170. (Replaced by Emnon, Amnos.) See Hanstovánen. Móru The 'Primeval Night' personified in the great Spider. 151, 156, 160; Muru 160 Morwinyon Arcturus. 114, 133, 182, 200 Mound of the First Sorrow See Cûm a Gumlaith. Mountain of the World See Taniquetil. Mountains of Iron See Iron Mountains. Mountains of Shadow Ered Wethrin. 112, 158–9, 242 Mountains of Valinor 68, 70, 74–7, 82–3, 85, 87, 93, 100, 118, 122, 125–6, 135, 137, 141, 144–7, 149, 154–5, 157–8, 162, 167, 169, 172, 177, 190, 194, 199, 209–10, 220, 223, 226 Murmenalda The vale in which Men first awoke. 233, 235–7; Vale of Sleep 233, Slumbrous Dale 235 Murmuran The dwelling of Lórien in Valinor. 74, 100 Muru See Móru. Music of the Ainur (not including references to the Tale itself) 49, 56, 59–63, 65, 74, 92, 107, 144, 150, 159, 180, 209, 219, 226; the Music of Ilúvatar 220, the Great Music 227. See Ainulindalë. Namarië (poem) 161 Nandini Fays of the valleys. 66 Nan Dungortheb 161 Nargothrond 270 Narquelion Autumn. 32; the second part of the poem The Trees of Kortirion 41 Nauglath Dwarves. 236 Necklace of the Dwarves, Tale of the 231, 233; Tale of the Nauglafring 204 Nen(e), River 205–6 Nermir Fays of the meads. 66 Nessa 75, 79, 89, 99, 117, 126, 154, 177, 209 Nielíqui Daughter of Oromë and Vána. 75, 89, 93 Nielluin Sirius. 182, 192, 200; Bee of Azure, Blue Bee, 182, 200. See Helluin. Nienna See Fui. Nirnaeth Arnoediad 135. See Battle of Unnumbered Tears Noldoli The Gnomes, the second kindred of the Elves. 21, 25–6, 43, 47–52, 58, 62, 94, 110, 115, 117, 119, 121–4, 126–8, 132, 134–5, 137–8, 140–52, 154, 156–65, 167–9, 171–3, 175–8, 181, 189, 192, 196, 198–9, 207–10, 215, 220, 223–4, 230–1, 238, 241–3. See Gnomes, Noldor. Noldor 21, 24, 43–4, 49–51, 132, 134–5, 138, 156, 158–60, 171, 173, 198, 223, 242–3, 245; form occurs in the original text 162, 169. Adjective Noldorin 43, 49–50, 62, 156, 171, 242 Noldorin Name of Salmar. 16, 22, 27, 66, 75, 80, 89, 93, 155 Nólemë See Finwë. Norfolk 206; Norwich 206 Nornorë Herald of the Gods. 77, 93, 101–3, 115–18, 131, 144, 231 North Sea 23–4; Ocean of Almain 205–6 Núin Dark Elf, finder of the first Men, 232–3, 235–7, 244; called Father of Speech 236–7 Numessir Earlier name of Sirnúmen. 155 Núri Name of Fui Nienna. 66 Nurtalë Valinoréva The Hiding of Valinor. 224 Oaritsi Mermaids (?). 227 Oarni Spirits of the sea. 66, 70, 74, 121, 123–4 Oinen See Uinen. Oiolossë 88 Oivárin Earlier name of Ainairos. 222 Old English 23–4, 28, 32, 91, 108, 138, 164, 204, 217, 245 Old Norse 23, 245 Olofantur 'Fantur of Dreams', the Vala Lórien. 66. See Fantur, Lórien. Olórë Mallë 'Path of Dreams'. 18, 27, 212, 220–1, 224–5; the magic way of Lórien 213 Olwë 132–3. See Ellu. Olympians 160 Ómar Youngest of the great Valar, called also Amillo. 47, 52, 67, 75, 80, 89, 93, 101, 122, 177, 184, 228 Ónen Earlier name of Uinen. 58, 61, 63, 66, 68, 74, 79, 83, 120, 130, 220. (Replaced Ówen.) Orcs 236, 238, 240–3, 245 Orion 224. See Telumehtar. Ormal The Southern Lamp. 87 Oromë Son of Aulë and Palúrien (67). 27, 66–7, 75–6, 78–80, 89, 93, 99, 101–2, 104, 106, 110–11, 114–15, 117–20, 124, 126–8, 131, 145, 154, 157, 194, 209–12, 214, 220, 224–5, 231. See Aldaron. Orossi Fays of the mountains. 66 Ossë 58, 63, 66, 68, 70–1, 74–5, 79–80, 83, 85–6, 89, 100, 104, 106, 117–21, 123–6, 129, 134–7, 144, 152, 154, 177, 194, 210–11, 214, 220, 224; Falman-Ossë 66, 101, 118, 121, Falman 119 Ottor W[image: image]fre Original name of Eriol. 23–4 Outer Dark 216, 221, 226 Outer Lands (1) Originally used of the Great Lands. 21, 81. (2) Valinor, Eruman/Arvalin, and the Twilit Isles (68). 21, 64, 67–8, 77, 81–2, 125, 158, 160, 220; Outer Land 134 Outer Sea(s) 68, 70, 74, 82, 90, 114, 126, 142, 162, 188, 196, 215–16, 226; Outermost Seas 67; Outermost Waters (Neni Erúmëar) 85; Outer Ocean 58, 62, 83, 85; the Sea 179, 196. See Vai. Over Old Hills and Far Away (poem) 115–16 Ówen Earliest name of Uinen. 61, 79, 220. (Replaced by Ónen.) Oxford 23, 25, 27, 45, 107–8, 203; Oxford English Dictionary 44–5, 203 Palisor The 'midmost region' (114) of the Great Lands, where the Elves awoke. 85, 106, 114–19, 131, 141, 231–2, 234–8; Battle, War, of Palisor 236–8, 243 Palúrien Yavanna. 66–8, 71–5, 79–80, 88–9, 98–100, 105–6, 114, 117, 123–4, 126, 131, 133, 154, 179–80, 184, 237; children of Palúrien 94. See Earth-lady, Kémi, Yavanna. Paracelsus 43–4 Path of Dreams See Olórë Mallë. Pictures by J. R. R. Tolkien 85 Pleiades 35. See Seven Stars. Poldórëa Name of Tulkas. 66, 75, 79, 103, 148, 154 Prophecies of Amnos, Prophecy of Amnon See Amnos, Amnon. Prophecy of the North 171–3 Purgatory 92 Qalmë-Tári 'Mistress of Death', name of Fui Nienna. 66 Qalvanda 'Road of Death'. 213 Qendi Elves, but used of the Ilkorins as opposed to the Eldar of Valinor. 231–2, 234–5. See Quendi. Qenya (with reference to the entries in the early Qenya dictionary) 86, 92, 160, 200, 227. See Quenya. Qerkaringa The Chill Gulf, between the Icefang (Helkaraksë) and the Great Lands. 166–9, 172, 177, 224 Qorinómi, Tale of 202, 215, 221, 227 Quendi 44, 132, 223, 236 Quenya 41, 51, 112, 132 Rainbow 212, 220–1, 224–5. See Ilweran. Ramandur Earlier name of Sorontur. 89 Rána Name of the Moon given by the Gods. 192–3, 218 Ranuin 'Month', child of Aluin 'Time'. 217–19, 222, 227. (Earlier forms Ranos, Ranoth, Rôn 222.) Ringil (1) The pillar of the Northern Lamp. 69–70, 82, 87, 101, 106, 118. (2) Fingolfin's sword. 87 Road Goes Ever On, The 160 Room of the Log Fire See Tale-fire. Rope of Years 219 Rose of Silpion The Moonflower. 191–3, 195, 218; Rose of Silver 192. See Sil. Rúmil Door-ward of Mar Vanwa Tyaliéva, called the Sage (65). 46–52, 59, 64–5, 78–9, 94, 107, 129, 134, 167, 169, 171, 230, 235. See Evromord. Sador Servant of Húrin. 244 Salmar Companion of Ulmo, called also Noldorin, Lirillo, and (Gnomish) Golthadriel. 58, 63, 66, 75, 79–80, 89, 93, 101, 126, 155, 177, 184 Samír ien Feast of Double Mirth in Valinor. 143–4, 222; Samírien's road 222 (see Vansamírin). Sári Name of the Sun given by the Gods. 186, 193, 195, 198, 215–16, 218, 221–2 Sauron 52 Scarlet Heart, The Emblem of the King's Folk in Gondolin. 245 Second Kindred The Gnomes or Noldoli. 21 Secret Fire 53, 55, 60 Sea-elves 43, 50 Seven Stars 38, 42 (perhaps referring to the Pleiades); 114 (referring to the Great Bear); Seven Butterflies 133. See Great Bear, Valacirca. Shadow Folk (1) Name among Men of the Lost Elves of Hisilómë. 119, 138–9, 237. (2) Fays of unknown origin encountered by the Noldoli in Hisilómë. 237, 239 Shadowy Seas Region of the Great Sea west of Tol Eressëa (see especially 68, 125). 15, 27, 68, 70, 74, 76, 83, 118–21, 125, 134, 137, 152, 154, 164, 188, 209, 211, 224; Shadowy Sea 101, 163, the Shadows 134 Shining Isles Dwelling of the Gods and the Eldar of Valinor, as imagined by the Ilkorins. 231 Ship of the Heavens, Ship of (the) Morn(ing) See Sun. Ship of the Moon See Moon Ship of the World 83–7, 134, 225 Shoreland Elves See Shoreland Pipers. Shoreland Pipers The Solosimpi (afterwards called Teleri). 16, 50, 94, 123, 165, 223; Pipers of the Shore 230; the Pipers 106; shoreland dancers 129; Shoreland Elves, shoreland folk 125, 165, 210, shore-elves 165 Sickle of the Valar See Valacirca; the Silver Sickle 133 Sil Name of the Moon. 85, 192 Silindrin The cauldron of silver light in Valinor; name varying with Telimpë. 71–4, 79, 88, 130, 196 Silmarilli The Silmarils. 58, 128. See Silubrilthin. Silmarils 128, 138, 145, 149, 152, 156–7, 159, 162, 169, 238, 240 Silmarillion, The 23, 26, 49–51, 60–3, 79–80, 82, 87–92, 110–12, 131–8, 156–61, 171–3, 198–202, 222–5, 227, 231, 236, 241–5 Silmo The guardian of the tree Silpion. 73–4, 88, 116, 178, 189, 192, 202 Silpion The silver tree of Valinor. 73–4, 76, 88–9, 113, 116–17, 122, 125–9, 133, 135, 142–4, 146, 152–3, 160, 176–9, 181, 189–91, 193, 200–2. See Rose of Silpion. Silubrilthin Gnomish name of the Silmarils. 128, 130 Sindarin 51, 132 Singollo See Elwë. Sirion 238, 240–2, 244; Pass of Sirion 244 Sirius 200. See Helluin, Nielluin. Sirnúmen The dale in Valinor where the Noldoli dwelt after their banishment from Kôr. (142), 144, 146 (Sirnúmen of the Plain), 147, 149, 153, 155, 157–9, 163–4, 192. (Replaced Numessir.) Sleeper in the Tower of Pearl See Tower of Pearl. Slumbrous Dale See Murmenalda. Snorra Edda The 'Prose Edda' by Snorri Sturluson. 245 Solosimpi The third kindred of the Elves (afterwards called Teleri). 16, 19, 22, 48–50, 58, 61–2, 94, 119–21, 123–9, 132–7, 141, 143, 155, 157, 163–5, 169, 171, 176, 178, 199, 208, 210, 219, 223, 231; earlier Solosimpë 22, 61. See Shoreland Pipers, Teleri (2). Sons of Fëanor See Fëanor. Sorontur King of Eagles. 73, 89, 148–9, 158, 176, 178, 198. (Replaced Ramandur.) See Thorndor. Sow River in Staffordshire. 196 Spell of Bottomless Dread The spell laid by Melko on his slaves. 239, 241–2 Spider of Night 153. See Gwerlum, Móru, Ungoliant, Ungweliantë, Wirilómë. Stafford, Staffordshire 25, 91, 108, 196 Stars 64–5, 67, 69, 71, 73–4, 99, 111, 113–16, 127, 133, 135, 154, 171, 175, 178, 181–2, 186, 188, 192–3, 195, 200–2, 216, 221, 227, 231, 233; Fountains of the Stars 216. The star-making of Varda 69, 113–14, 133, 181 Súlimo Name of Manwë. 52, 56, 58–9, 62, 65, 79, 93, 100, 115, 117, 122, 142, 146, 151, 179–80, 183, 209, 218; Súlimo Lord of the Airs 212 Sun, The 36, 39, 43, 60, 64, 68, 83, 85, 88, 118–19, 125, 139, 151, 174–5, 182, 186–91, 193–203, 207–8, 212, 214–21, 226–8, 230–1, 236–7, 242; in many passages called the Sunship, also galleon, bark, of the Sun; Ship of the Heavens 186; Ship of (the) Morn(ing) 188, 190, 194, 198. See Haven of the Sun; and for other names of the Sun see 186–8, 196. Súruli Spirits of the winds, attendant on Manwë and Varda. 66, 144, 181, 192, 195, 200 Swanhaven See Haven of the Swanships. Talath Dirnen The Guarded Plain of Nargothrond. 240 Tale-fire In Mar Vanwa Tyaliéva. 17, 46, 48, 65, 107, 174–5, 229, 241; Room of the Tale-fire 140, 229; Room of the Log Fire 15; Room of Logs 17 Talkamarda, i · Talka Marda 'Smith of the World', Aulë. 180, 186 Taniquetil 21, 58, 62, 68, 70, 73, 77, 82–3, 85, 88–9, 91, 93, 100, 103–4, 113, 115, 125, 133, 144–6, 148, 154, 158–9, 181, 186, 188–9, 191, 194–5, 210–12, 219; Mountain of the World 214 Tanyasalpë 'Bowl of Fire.' 187. See Faskala-númen. Tareg the Ilkorin 237, 240 Tári 'Mistress, Lady', applied to Varda, Vána, and Fui Nienna. 66–7. See Qalmë-Tári, Tári-Laisi, Tinwetári. Tári-Laisi 'Mistress of Life', Vána. 67 Tarn Fui 'The Door of Night'. 215, 222; Tarna Fui 222. See Door of Night, Moritarnon. Tavari Fays of the woods. 66 Tavrobel A place in Tol Eressëa. 25, 175, 196, 230; Bridge of Tavrobel 175, 196; Tower of Tavrobel 174; Gilfanon a · Davrobel, Gilfanon of Tavrobel 174, 195–6, 203, 229 Telelli Name of certain Elves (see Appendix, p. 267). 19, 22; earlier Telellë 22 Teleri (1) The first kindred of the Elves (afterwards called Vanyar). 48–50, 52, 59, 62, 115, 118–19, 121–4, 126, 132, 134, 143, 163, 169, 175–6, 210, 220, 231, 234. (2) In later sense, ="Solosimpi" of the Lost Tales. 50, 62, 132–8, 157, 171, 198, 223 Telimektar Son of Tulkas. 101, 154, 182, 200. See Telumehtar. Telimpë The cauldron of silver light in Valinor; name varying with Silindrin. 79, 113–14, 127, 129–30, 178, 181, 189, 192, 196, 202 Telperion 88, 133, 135, 201 Telumehtar Orion. 200. See Telimektar. Tents of Murmuring Dwelling of the Noldoli by the Helkaraksë. 168, 173 Tevildo Prince of Cats 47, 52 Thangorodrim 26, 158, 243 Thingol 107, 238, 243; Elu Thingol 132. See Tinwë Linto, Tinwelint. Thompson, Francis 29 Thorndor Gnomish name of Sorontur, King of Eagles. 89; later form Thorondor 158 Three Kindreds 51 Tilion Steersman of the Moon. 88, 202, 222 Tilkal Metal devised by Aulë for the chaining of Melko. 100, 104, 111, 114 Time See especially 218–19, 227–8 Timpinen Name of Tinfang in the tongue of the Eldar. 94–5, 107 Tindriel Early name of Melian. 106–7, 131–2. (Replaced by Wendelin.) Tinfang Gnomish name of Timpinen the piper; called Tinfang Warble (see the Appendix, p. 268). 94–5, 107–10; poems Tinfang Warble, Over Old Hills and Far Away 107–10 Tintoglin Earlier name of Tinwelint. 131–2 Tinúviel Daughter of Tinwelint (afterwards Lúthien (Tinúviel) daughter of Thingol). 27, 107, 115, 132; the Tale of Tinúviel 27, 51–2, 203–4, 231, 233, 238–9, 241. See Lúthien. Tinwelint Gnomish name of Tinwë Linto (afterwards Thingol). 115, 131–2, 238, 240, 243–4. (Replaced Tintoglin.) Tinwë Linto, Tinwë Lord of the Solosimpi, who was lost on the Great Journey and became Lord of the Elves of Hisilómë afterwards Thingol. 115–16, 120, 130–3. (Replaced Linwë Tinto.) Tinwetári 'Queen of Stars', name of Varda. 100 Tirion 26, 49, 135, 159–60, 198, 222–3 Tol Eressëa 13, 21–7, 32, 47–50, 52, 83, 85, 90, 97–8, 107, 120–1, 123–6, 129–30, 134–7, 165, 196, 224–5, 235. See Lonely Island. Tombo The 'Gong of the Children' in Mar Vanwa Tyaliéva. 15. See Gong of the Children, Littleheart. Tórin See Daurin. Tower of Pearl Tower on one of the Twilit Isles. 68, 125, 221; the Sleeper in the Tower of Pearl 15, 27, 215, 221 Trees of Kôr See Kôr. Trees of Valinor See Two Trees. Trent, River 196 Tû The wizard or fay who became King of the Dark Elves. 232–4, 237, 244; Lord of Gloaming 232. (Replaced Túvo.) Tuilérë Name of Vána. 67 Tuivána Name of Vána. 67, 99, 116–18, 180 Tulkas 66–7, 70, 73, 75, 78–80, 89, 101–5, 111, 115, 140, 145, 147–9, 152, 154, 158, 176–7, 179, 182, 184–6, 198, 200–1, 209–10, 218, 224. See Astaldo, Poldórëa. Tulkassë Earlier name of Tulkastor. 22. (Replaced Turenbor.) Tulkastor Father of Vairë wife of Lindo. 16, 22. (Replaced Tulkassë.) Tumbled Lands 240, 244; in another sense 214 Tûn Name that replaced Kôr (as the name of the city). 222 Túna 26, 82, 135, 222 Tuor 48, 52, 238. For the tale of Tuor and the Exiles of Gondolin ('The Fall of Gondolin') see Gondolin. Turambar See Túrin. Turenbor Earlier name of Tulkastor. 22. (Replaced by Tulkassë.) Turgon 115, 132, 170–3, 238–42, 244–5. See Turondo. Turinqi See Meril-i-Turinqi. Túrin 244; the Tale of Turambar 27, 158, 229–31, 233, 239, 244 Turondo Son of Finwë Nólemë, called in Gnomish Turgon. 115, 132, 167, 170–1, 245 Turuhalmë The 'Logdrawing', bringing in of wood to Mar Vanwa Tyaliéva. 229–30, 244. (Other forms Duruchalm and Halmadhurwion.) Túvo Earlier name of Tû. 234–6, 238, 243 Twilit Isles Islands in the Shadowy Seas, west of Tol Eressëa. 15, 68–9, 82, 85 (Tolli Kimpelëar), 120–1, 123, 125, 134, 224 Two Trees (including references to the Trees) 82, 85 (i aldas), 88, 100, 105, 107, 110, 114, 121–2, 125, 128, 134–5, 141, 143–7, 152–4, 157–60, 164–5, 169, 171, 174, 176–80, 182–4, 187, 190–1, 194, 196, 199–202, 207, 209, 213, 227, 234 Uin The great whale. 85, 118–20 Uinen 63, 79, 121, 130, 172, 192, 220; Oinen 211, 220; the Lady of the Sea 211. (Replaced Ónen.) Ulbandi Mother of Melko's son Kosomot. 93 Ulmo 26, 56, 58–63, 66–8, 70–1, 74, 79–80, 83, 85–7, 89, 100–2, 104–6, 114, 117–26, 132, 134–5, 137, 144, 153–4, 171, 177–8, 190–1, 198–9, 209–11, 213–18, 220, 223–6; Lord of Vai 190, 214. See Linqil, Vailimo. Ulmonan Ulmo's halls in the Outer Ocean. 61–2, 68, 83, 85–6, 214 Úmanyar Elves 'not of Aman'. 196, 241 Unfinished Tales 158, 244 Ungoliant Form of the name of the great Spider in The Silmarillion. 157, 160–1, 201. Ungoliont, her Gnomish name in the Lost Tales 152, 156, 160–1, 214. (Replaced Gungliont.) Ungweliantë The great Spider. 188, 209, 220; Ungwë Lianti 152; Ungwë 152, 154; Ungweliant 182, 200, 223. See Gwerlum, Móru, Wirilómë. Uolë Kúvion The Elf known as the Man in the Moon. 193, 198, 202, 206, 215. (Replaced Uolë Mikúmi.) Uolë Mikúmi Earlier name of Uolë Kúvion. 198, 202 Ûr Name of the Sun. 85, 187, 196 Úrin Form of Húrin in the Lost Tales. 240–1; Children, Sons, folk, of Úrin 239, 241–2, 244 Urwen Earlier name of Urwendi. 73, 76, 88, 154, 196 Urwendi Guardian of Laurelin and mistress of the Sun. 178, 187–90, 192, 194, 196–7, 202, 207, 215–16, 219, 222; Urwandi 197. (Replaced Urwen.) Utumna The first fortress of Melko. 69, 82, 99, 101–4, 106, 111, 176, 198, 209; Fortress of the North 237; later form Utumno 82, 87, 110, 112, 198, 223 Úvalear Name of the Shadow Folk of Hisilómë. 237 Úvanimor 'Monsters, giants, and ogres' bred by Melko. 75, 236–7 Vai The Outer Sea. 59, 61–2, 83, 85–7, 154, 190, 196, 214–15, 226. See especially 85–6, and see Outer Sea(s). Vailimo Name of Ulmo, Ruler of Vai. 101, 114, 214–15 Vairë (1) Elf of Tol Eressëa, wife of Lindo. 14–18, 20, 22, 31, 45, 65, 80, 90, 94–5, 129, 140, 195, 207, 212–13, 219, 221, 225, 227, 229–31. (2) 'The Weaver', wife of Mandos. 90 Vaitya The outermost of the three airs. 65, 67, 83, 85–6, 181, 226 Vaiya 'The Enfolding Ocean'. 86, 227 Valacirca 'The Sickle of the Valar'. 133; the Silver Sickle 133 Valahíru Title of Manwë, 'Lord of the Valar'. 180 Valaquenta 79, 82 Valar Passim; see Gods. (Singular Vala; plural also Vali 58, 61, 65, 104, 107, 114, 148, 154, 178, 180, 186, and Valur and Valir 61.) See Children of the Valar. Valatúru = Valahíru. 180, 190 Vale of Sleep See Murmenalda. Vale (Valley) of Weeping Waters 239–40, 244. See Gorfalon(g). Valinor 'Land of the Gods' (70); Valinórë 182. Passim; 'vale' or 'plain' of Valinor 68, 70–3, 75, 77 (Valinor 'upon the plain'), etc.; beechwoods 99; glades 126–7; sand of gold 126; Valinor nearer to the Wall of Things than the shores of the East 238, 253; Hiding of Valinor 27, 137, 195, 207, 209, 213, 220, 222–4; Darkening of Valinor 169, 203. See Mountains of Valinor. Valley of the Fountains, Vale of Fountains 239–40, 244. See Gorfalon(g). Valmar 73–5, 77–8, 82, 89, 100, 103–4, 113–14, 116, 120, 123, 126–7, 140, 142–4, 146–9, 153, 155, 158, 177, 184, 193, 213, 217, 230 Valwë Father of Lindo. 16, 22, 26. (Manwë for Valwë 22.) Vána 67, 71–3, 75–6, 79–80, 88–9, 93, 105, 117, 154, 177–80, 183–7, 190, 199, 202, 209–10, 212; the Lamp of Vána, the Sun, 197. See Tári Laisi, Tuilérë, Tuivána, Vána-Laisi. Vána-Laisi Name of Vána. 180 Vanë Hansto See Hanstovánen. Vansamírin Road of the ceremonial procession of the Feast of Double Mirth. 207, 222 (description of the road 143). See Samírien. Vanyar 26, 44, 50, 62, 132, 134–5, 159, 169, 220, 223, 234. See Teleri (1). Varda 58, 62, 65, 69–71, 73–4, 79, 88, 99–100, 111, 113–17, 127, 133, 144, 148, 154, 176, 178, 180–3, 185–6, 189, 192, 194–6, 199–201, 208–9, 212, 216, 223, 227; Varda of the Stars 126, 192, Lady of the Stars 178, Queen of the Stars 58, 62, 180, the starfashioner 183; the Wells of Varda 160. See Tinwetári. Vê Name of Vefántur (Mandos) given to his hall. 76–7, 89–90, 146, 150. See Mandos. Vefántur 'Fantur of Death', the Vala Mandos. 66, 76, 82, 89–90, 100, 106, 144, 167, 172. See Fantur, Mandos. Vilna The innermost of the three airs. 65, 67, 83, 85–6, 181, 187, 199 Vinyamar Turgon's house in Nevrast. 52 Vírin Substance devised by Aulë for the vessel of the Moon. 192–3 Völuspá Poem of the Old Norse Edda. 245 Voronwë ="Gnomish" Bronweg. 48, 52 Vorotemnar The manacles set on Melko's wrists. 101, 104 Wall of Things 214–15, 221, 226–7; Eastern Wall 216, 221–2, 226 Walls of the World See Ilurambar. Warwick 25–6, 32; Warwickshire 25 Waters of Awakening 50, 85, 115, 131, 231–2, 234. See Cuiviénen, Koivië-néni. Weaving of the Days and Months and Years 217, 221, 227 Wendelin Early name of Melian. 106–7, 115, 120, 131–2. (Replaced Tindriel.) Western Water See Great Sea. White Tree of Valinor 88. See Silpion, Telperion. Wingildi Spirits of the sea-foam. 66 Wingilot Eärendel's ship. 15, 21; Wingelot 21 Wirilómë The great Spider, 'Gloomweaver'. 152–3. See Gwerlum, Móru, Ungoliant, Ungweliantë. Wiruin A great whirlpool near Helkaraksë. 167 Wóden 23 World-Ship See Ship of the World. World, The Used in the sense of 'the Great Lands' 16, 26, 49, 70, 82, 129, 146, 150, 159, 169, 176–7, 196, 199, 208, 220; the inner world 168, the world without 174, 180–1, 207, 223, the world beyond 208 Yare, River 205–6 Yarmouth 205–6 Yavanna 66, 79–80, 88, 98–100, 110–11, 114, 116–18, 123, 127–8, 131, 135, 159, 177, 179–80, 183–5, 187, 190, 199, 209, 214. See Earth-lady, Kémi, Palúrien. Years of Double Mirth See Double Mirth. You and Me and the Cottage of Lost Play (poem) 27–30, 32, 136 APPENDIX NAMES IN THE LOST TALES-PART I There exist two small books, contemporary with the Lost Tales, which contain the first 'lexicons' of the Elvish languages; and both of them are very difficult documents. One is concerned with the language called, in the book, Qenya, and I shall refer to this book as 'QL' (Qenya Lexicon). A good proportion of the entries in the first half of the alphabet were made at one time, when the work was first begun; these were very carefully written, though the pencil is now faint. Among these original entries is this group: Lemin 'five' Lempe 'ten' Leminkainen '23' The choice of '23' suggests that this was my father's age at the time, and that the book was begun therefore in 1915. This is supported by some of the statements made in the first layer of entries about certain figures of the mythology, statements that are at odds with everything that is said elsewhere, and which give glimpses of a stage even earlier than the Lost Tales. The book naturally continued in use, and many entries (virtually all of those in the second part of the alphabet) are later than this first layer, though nothing more definite can be said than that all entries belong to the period of (or not long preceding) the Lost Tales. The words in QL are arranged according to 'roots', and a note at the beginning states: Roots are in capitals, and are not words in use at all, but serve as an elucidation of the words grouped together and a connection between them. There is a good deal of uncertainty, expressed by queries, in the formulation of the roots, and in the ascription of words to one root or another, as my father moved among different etymological ideas; and in some cases it seems clear that the word was 'there', so to speak, but its etymology remained to be certainly defined, and not vice versa. The roots themselves are often difficult to represent, since certain consonants carry diacritic marks that are not defined. The notes on names that follow inevitably give a slightly more positive impression than does the book itself. The other book is a dictionary of the Gnomish language, Goldogrin, and I shall refer to this as 'GL' (Goldogrin, or Gnomish, Lexicon). This is not arranged historically, by roots (though occasionally roots are given), but rather, in plan at least, as a conventional dictionary; and it contains a remarkable number of words. The book is entitled i·Lam na·Ngoldathon (i.e. 'the tongue of the Gnomes'): Goldogrin, with a date: 1917. Written beneath the title is Eriol Sarothron (i.e. 'Eriol the Voyager'), who else is called Angol but in his own folk Ottor W[image: image]fre (see p. 23).* The great difficulty in this case is the intensity with which my father used this diminutive book, emending, rejecting, adding, in layer upon layer, so that in places it has become very hard to interpret. Moreover later changes to the forms in one entry were not necessarily made in related entries; thus the stages of a rapidly expanding linguistic conception are very confused in their representation. These little books were working materials, by no means the setting-out of finished ideas (it is indeed quite clear that GL in particular closely accompanied the actual composition of the Tales). Further, the languages changed even while the first 'layer' was being entered in GL; for example, the word mô 'sheep' was changed later to moth, but later in the dictionary uimoth 'sheep of the waves' was the form first written. It is immediately obvious that an already extremely sophisticated and phonetically intricate historical structure lies behind the languages at this stage; but it seems that (unhappily and frustratingly) very little indeed in the way of phonological or grammatical description now survives from those days. I have found nothing, for instance, that sets out even in the sketchiest way the phonological relations between the two languages. Some early phonological description does exist for Qenya, but this became through later alterations and substitutions such a baffling muddle (while the material is in any case intrinsically extremely complex) that I have been unable to make use of it. To attempt to use later materials for the elucidation of the linguistic ideas of the earliest period would in this book be quite impractical. But the perusal of these two vocabularies shows in the clearest possible way how deeply involved were the developments in the mythology and in the languages, and it would be seriously misleading to publish the Lost Tales without some attempt to show the etymological connections of the names that appear in them. I give therefore as much information, derived from these books, as is possible, but without any speculation beyond them. It is evident, for instance, that a prime element in the etymological constructions was slight variation in ancient 'roots' (caused especially by differences in the formation of consonants) that in the course of ages yielded very complex semantic situations; or again, that an old vocalic 'ablaut' (variation, in length or quality, of vowels in series) was present; but I have thought it best merely to try to present the content of the dictionaries as clearly as I can. It is noteworthy that my father introduced a kind of 'historical punning' here and there: so for instance the root SAHA 'be hot' yields (beside saiwa 'hot' or sára 'fiery') Sahóra 'the South', and from NENE 'flow' come nen 'river', nénu 'yellow water-lily', and nénuvar 'pool of lilies'—cf. nenuphar 'water-lily', modern French nénufar. There are also several resemblances to early English that are obviously not fortuitous, as hôr 'old', HERE 'rule', rûm 'secret (whisper)'. It will be seen that a great many elements in the later languages, Quenya and Sindarin, as they are known from the published works, go back to the beginning; the languages, like the legends, were a continuous evolution, expansion, and refinement. But the historical status and relationship of the two languages as they were conceived at this time was radically changed later on: see p. 51. The arrangement of the material has proved difficult, and indeed without a better understanding of relationships and their shifting formulations could scarcely be made satisfactory. The system I have adopted is to give etymologically-connected groups of words, in both Qenya and Gnomish, under an important name that contains one of them; to this entry other occurrences of a word in the group are referred (e.g. glor- in Glorvent, Bráglorin is referred to the entry Laurelin, where the etymological associations of Qenya laurë 'gold' are given).* Every name in the Lost Tales of this volume is given—that is, if any contemporary etymological information is to be found concerning it: any name not found in the following list is either quite opaque to me, or at least cannot be identified with any certainty. Rejected names are also included, on the same basis, but are given under the names that replaced them (e.g. Dor Uswen under Dor Faidwen). The list of secondary names of the Valar which is written out on blank facing pages in the tale of The Coming of the Valar (see p. 93) is referred to as 'the Valar name-list'. The sign < is used only where it is used in the Gnomish dictionary, as alfa < alchwa, meaning that the one was historically derived from the other: it is not used in this Appendix to refer to alterations made by my father in the dictionaries themselves. Ainur Among the original entries in QL are ainu 'a pagan god' and aini 'a pagan goddess', together with áye 'hail!' and Ainatar 'Ilúvatar, God'. (Of course no one within the context of the mythology can call the Ainur 'pagan'.) GL has Ain: 'also with distinctive masc. and fem. forms Ainos and Ainil, a God, i.e. one of the Great Valar'. Alalminórë See Aldaron, Valinor. In QL Alalminórë is glossed 'Land of Elms, one of the provinces of Inwinórë in which is situated Kortirion (Warwickshire)' i.e. Alalminórë="Warwickshire" (see p. 25). Gnornish words are laln or larm, also lalmir, 'elm'. Aldaron In QL is a root ALA 'spread', with derivatives alda 'tree', aldëa 'tree-shadowed', aldëon 'avenue of trees', and alalmë 'elm' (see Alalminórë). In GL this name of Oromë appears as Aldor and Ormaldor (Oromë is Orma in Gnomish); ald 'wood (material)', later altered to âl. Alqaluntë QL alqa 'swan' GL alcwi, with the corresponding word in Qenya here given as alqë, alcwi changed later to alfa < alchwa. QL luntë 'ship' from root LUTU, with other derivatives lúto 'flood' and verb lutta-, lutu- 'flow, float' (cf. Ilsaluntë). GL has correspondingly lunta 'ship', lud- 'flow, stream, float'. Aluin See Lúmin. Amillo This appears in QL but with no indication of meaning; A million is Amillo's month, February (one of the most 'primitive' entries). Angaino Together with angayassë 'misery', angaitya 'torment', Angaino is given in QL separately from the 'iron' words (see Angamandi) and was first defined as 'a giant', emended to 'the great chain'. In GL Melko has a name Angainos, with a note: 'Do not confuse Gnomish Angainos with Qenya Angaino (Gnomish Gainu), the great chain of tilkal.' Under Gainu there is a later note: 'popularly connected with ang "iron" but really = "tormentor".' Angamandi QL has anga 'iron' (which is the a of tilkal, p. 100), angaina 'of iron', Angaron(ti) 'Mountains of Iron', and Angamandu or Eremandu 'Hells of Iron' (added later: 'or Angamandi, plural'). The Gnomish forms are ang 'iron' (as in Angol, see under Eriol), angrin 'of iron', Angband—which, strangely, is said in GL to be 'Melko's great fortress after the battle of Countless Lamentation down to the battle of the Twilit Pool' (when Tulkas finally overthrew Melko). See Mandos. Angol See Eriol. Arvalin See Eruman. Aryador This is said (p. 119) to be the name among Men of Hisilómë but according to GL it was a word of Ilkorin origin, meaning 'land or place of shadow' QL Arëandor, Arëanor 'name of a mountainous district, the abode of the Shadow Folk' (see p. 237). See Eruman. Asgon GL has Asgon 'name of a lake in Dor Lómin (Hisilómë), Q. Aksanda' QL has aksa 'waterfall', of which the Gnomish equivalent is given as acha of the same meaning. (No light is cast on the later name Mithrim in the dictionaries.) Aulë A word aulë 'shaggy' is given in QL as a derivative from a root owo (whence also oa 'wool', uë 'fleece'), but without any indication that this is to be connected with the name of the Vala. The Gnomish form of his name is óla, changed to óli, without further information. In the Valar name-list Aulë is called also Tamar or Tamildo. These are given in QL without translation under root TAMA 'smelt, forge', with tambë 'copper' (the t of tilkal, p. 100), tambina 'of copper', tamin 'forge' Gnomish words are tam 'copper', tambin 'of copper', tambos 'cauldron'. For other names of Aulë see Talka Marda. Aulenossë For nossë 'kin, people' see Valinor. Aur Gnomish name of the Sun; see Ûr. Balrog GL defines Balrog as 'a kind of fire-demon; creatures and servants of Melko'. With the article the form is i'Malrog, plural i'Malraugin. Separate entries give bal 'anguish' (original initial consonant mb-), balc 'cruel' and graug 'demon'. Qenya forms are mentioned: araukë and Malkaraukë. In QL Malkaraukë with other words such as malkanë 'torture' are given under a root MALA (MBALA) '(crush), hurt, damage', but the relation of this to MALA 'crush, squeeze' (see Olórë Mallë) was apparently not decided. There are also Valkaraukë and Valkanë 'torture', but again the relationship is left obscure. Bráglorin Defined in the text (p. 187) as 'the blazing vessel', but translated in GL as 'Golden Wain, a name of the Sun', with a note: 'also in analytical form i·Vreda 'Loriol' brada 'waggon, wain'. For-glorin see Laurelin. Bronweg GL has Bronweg '(the constant one), name of a famous Gnome', with related words as brod, bronn 'steadfast', bronweth 'constancy'. In QL Voronwë (see p. 48) 'the faithful' is derived from the root VORO, with vor, voro 'ever', voronda 'faithful', vorima 'everlasting', etc. Cf. Vorotemnar. The common ending -weg is not given in GL, but cf. gweg 'man', plural gwaith. Cüm a Gumlaith 'The Mound of the First Sorrow', tomb of Bruithwir, p. 149. GL cûm 'mound, especially burial-mound' (also cum- 'lie', cumli 'couch'); gumlaith 'weariness of spirit, grief' (blaith 'spirit'). Cûm a Thegranaithos See preceding entry. GL thegra 'first, foremost', thegor 'chief' naitha- 'lament, weep, wail for', naithol 'miserable'. Danuin GL has dana 'day (24 hours)', with reference to Qenya sana (not in QL); Dana was an earlier reading for Danuin (p. 222). The same element appears in Lomendánar 'Days of Gloaming'. Dor Faidwen Gnomish dôr (< ndor-) '(inhabited) land, country, people of the land' see Valinor. Dor Faidwen is translated in the text 'Land of Release' (p. 13); GL has faidwen 'freedom' and many related words, as fair 'free', faith 'liberty', etc. In QL under root FAYA appear faire 'free', fairië 'freedom', fainu- 'release'. Dor Faidwen was the final Gnomish name of Tol Eressëa after many changes (p. 21), but little light can be cast on the earlier forms. Gar in Gar Eglos is a Gnomish word meaning 'place, district'. Dor Us(g)wen: GL gives the stem us- 'leave, depart' (also uthwen 'way out, exit'), and QL under root USU 'escape' has uswë 'issue, escape' and usin 'he escapes'. Dor Lómin See Valinor, Hisilómë. Eärendel In an annotated list of names accompanying The Fall of Gondolin there is a suggestion, attributed to Littleheart son of Voronwë, that Eärendel had 'some kinship to the Elfin ea and earen "eagle" and "eyrie"', and in QL these words (both given the meaning 'eagle') are placed with Eärendel, though not explicitly connected. In the tale itself it is said that 'there are many interpretations both among Elves and Men' of the name Eärendel, with a suggestion that it was a word of 'some secret tongue' spoken by the people of Gondolin. GL has an entry: Ioringli 'true Gnomish form of Eärendel's name, though the Eldar-form has been also adopted and often is met in transition state as Iarendel, Iorendel' (on the distinction between 'Gnomish' and 'Eldar' see p. 50). Gnomish words for 'eagle' are ior, ioroth. In QL is an entry Eärendilyon 'son of Eärendel (used of any mariner)' cf. p. 13. Eldamar For the first element see Eldar.—In QL the following words are given in a group: mar (mas-) 'dwelling of men, the Earth, -land', mardo 'dweller', masto 'village', and -mas equivalent to English -ton, -by in place-names (cf. Mar Vanwa Tyaliéva; Koromas; i·Talka Marda 'Smith of the World', Aulë). In GL are bar 'home' (< mbar-), and derivatives, as baros 'hamlet', also -bar as suffix 'dweller', or 'home, -ham'. The Gnomish equivalent of Eldamar was Eglobar (Gnomish Egla = Qenya Elda): 'Eglobar "Elfinesse" = Q. Eldamar, i.e. Elfhome; the land on the edge of Valinor where the fairies dwelt and built Côr. Also in forms Eglabar, Eglamar, Eglomar.' In QL Eldamar is said, in a very early entry, to be 'the rocky beach in western Inwinórë (Faëry)' 'upon this rock was the white town built called Kôr'. Eldar In QL Elda is given separately, without etymological connections, and defined as 'a beach-fay or Solosimpë (shore-piper)'. This is a glimpse of an earlier conception than that found in the Lost Tales: the Eldar were originally the Sea-elves. GL has the entry Egla '"a being from outside", name of the fairies given by the Valar and largely adopted by them, ="Q." Elda' (see p. 235); also eg, êg 'far away, distant'. The association of Eldar with the stars does not go back to the beginning. Erinti She appears in QL in an isolated, early entry (afterwards struck through). Nothing is ever told of Erinti in the Lost Tales, but in this note she is called the Vala of love, music, and beauty, also named Lotessë and Akairis ('bride'), sister of Noldorin and Amillo. These three alone (i.e. of the Valar) have left Valinor, and dwell in Inwenórë (Tol Eressëa); she herself dwells in Alalminórë in a korin of elms guarded by the fairies. The second half of the month of avestalis (January) is called Erintion. There is no trace of this elsewhere; but clearly, when Erinti became the daughter of Manwë and Varda her dwelling in Alalminórë was taken over by Meril-i-Turinqi, the Lady of Tol Eressëa. In the Valar name-list Erinti is called also Kalainis; this word appears in QL with the meaning 'May', one of many derivatives from the root KALA (see Galmir). Eriol In The Cottage of Lost Play (p. 14) Eriol is translated 'One who dreams alone'. In QL the elements of this interpretation are given under the roots ERE 'remain alone' (see Tol Eressëa) and LORO 'slumber' (see Lórien). In GL appears the note cited on p. 24 that Gnomish Angol and Qenya Eriollo were the names of the region 'between the seas' whence Eriol came (="Angeln" in the Danish peninsula); and in an isolated note elsewhere Angol is derived from ang 'iron' and ôl 'cliff', while Eriol is said to mean the same—'this being the name of the fairies for the parts [sic] of his home (ironcliffs)'. Meril refers to 'the black coasts of your home' (p. 96). In this note the interpretation 'One who dreams alone' is said to be a pun on Lindo's part. For ang 'iron' see Angamandi. GL has ol, óla 'cliff, seaward precipice', with Qenya forms ollo, old[image: image]. ere(n) 'iron or steel' is given in QL, and this element appears also in the alternative name Eremandu for Angamandu, 'Hells of Iron'. Eruman The names of this region are as difficult as the original conception of the region itself (see p. 91 ff.). The form Erumáni (which occurs in the Tales as well as Eruman) appears in QL under ERE 'out' (cf. Neni Erúmëar) without further information. GL has a long entry under Edhofon, which="Q." Erumáni: it is a 'dark land outside Valinor and to the south of the Bay of Faëry, that ran right up to the bases of the western side of the Mountains of Valinor; its farthest northern point touched upon the roots of Taniquetil, hence Edhofon < Eðusm[image: image]n[image: image]-, i.e. beyond the abode of the Mánir. Hence also the Q. title Afalinan or Arvalion, i.e. nigh Valinor.' The implication of this seems to be that Taniquetil was 'the abode of the Mánir', as is comprehensible, since the Mánir were particularly associated with Manwë (the Gnomish words móna, móni are defined as 'spirits of the air, children of Manwë'), and therefore Eruman was beyond (south of) their abode. See Mánir. GL also states that Edhofon was called Garioth; and Garioth is 'the true Gnome form' of the name Aryador (a word of Ilkorin origin) 'land of shadow', though applied not to Hisilómë but to Edhofon / Eruman. According to QL Harwalin 'near the Valar' contains har(e) 'near' the entries in GL are too confusing to cite, for the forms of Harwalin / Arvalin were changed over and over again. A late entry in GL gives a prefix ar- 'beside, along with'. For Habbanan see Valar. Falassë Númëa Translated in the text (p. 124) as 'Western Surf' see Falman, Númë. Falman In QL the root FALA has derivatives falma 'foam', falmar 'wave as it breaks', falas(s) 'shore, beach', Falman="Ossë" cf. Falassë Númea, Falmaríni. GL has falm 'breaker, wave', falos 'sea-marge, surf', Falmon or Falathron 'names of Otha [Ossë], ="Q." Falman and Falassar'. Falmaríni See Falman. Fanturi In QL fantur, without translation but with reference to Lórien and Mandos, is given under root FANA, with several derivatives all referring to visions, dreams, falling asleep. In GL (a late entry) the form is Fanthor, plural i·Fanthaurin 'the name of each of the two brothers, of sleep, of death'. Fanuin GL has fann 'a year'. For the rejected names Lathos, Lathweg (p. 222) see Gonlath. Faskala-númen, Faskalan Translated in the text (p. 187) as 'Bath of the Setting Sun'. GL has fas- 'wash', fasc 'clean', fasca- 'splash, sprinkle', fôs 'bath'. For—númen see Númë. Fëanor The only evidence for the meaning of this name is given under Fionwë-Úrion. Fingolma See Nólemë. Finwë As a proper name this is not in the dictionaries, but GL gives a common noun finweg 'craftsman, man of skill' (with fim 'clever; right hand' and other related words); for -weg see Bronweg. In QL derivatives of root FINI are finwa 'sagacious', finië, findë 'cunning'. See Nólemë. Fionwë-úrion Fion 'son' is given separately in QL (a hurried later addition), with the note 'especially Fion(wë) the Vala'. In Gnomish he is 'Auros Fionweg, or Fionaur Fionor'. In a later entry in GL 'Fionaur (Fionor)="Q." Fëanor (goblet-smith)', and among the original entries is fion 'bowl, goblet'. There is no indication that this refers to Fëanor the Gnome. For the second element (Úrion, Auros) see Ûr. In the Valar namelist Fionwë is called Kalmo; see Galmir. Fui In QL are hui 'fog, dark, murk, night' and huiva 'murky', and also 'Fui (=hui) wife of Vê'. In Gnomish she is Fuil 'Queen of the Dark', and related words are fui 'night', fuin 'secret, dark'. fumellar The 'flowers of sleep' (poppies) in Lórien's gardens (p. 74). QL under root FUMU 'sleep' has fúmë 'sleep' (noun), fúmella, fúmellot 'poppy'. Galmir Translated in the text (p. 187) as 'the goldgleamer' (a name of the Sun). This is a derivative of Gnomish gal- 'shine', which in Qenya is KALA 'shine golden', and of which a great many derivatives are given in QL, as kala- 'shine', kálë 'morning', kalma 'daylight', Kalainis 'May' (see Erinti), kalwa 'beautiful', etc. Cf. Kalormë, Kalaventë, and i·kal' antúlien 'Light bath returned' (p. 184). Gar Lossion Translated in the text (p. 16) as 'Place of Flowers' (Gnomish name of Alalminórë). For Gar see Dor Faidwen. GL gives lost 'blossom' and lôs 'flower', but it is noted that they are probably unconnected and that lôs is more likely to be related to lass 'leaf', also used to mean 'petal'. (QL has lassë 'leaf', lasselanta 'the Fall, Autumn'.) See Lindelos. Glorvent For the element Glor- see Laurelin.—GL had Glorben(d) 'ship of gold', changed later to Glorvent 'boat of gold' benn 'shape, cut, fashion', benc, bent 'small boat'. QL has the root VENE 'shape, cut out, scoop', with derivatives venië, venwë 'shape, cut' and venë 'small boat, vessel, dish'. Cf. the title of the 'World-Ship' drawing, I Vene Kemen (see p. 85), and the Sun's name i·Kalaventë (Kalavénë). Golfinweg See Nólemë, Finwë. Gondolin QL does not give this name, but ondo 'stone' appears under root ONO 'hard'. In GL Gondolin is said to="Qenya" Ondolin (changed to Ondolinda) 'singing stone'. There is also an entry gond 'great stone, rock' later this was changed to gonn, and a note added that Gondolin-Gonn Dolin, together with an entry dólin 'song'. See Lindelos. Gong GL gives no other information beyond that cited on p. 245, note 10, but compares sithagong 'dragonfly' (sitha 'fly', Sithaloth or Sithaloctha ('fly-cluster'), the Pleiades). Gonlath This is the name of the great rock on Taniquetil to which Fanuin's cable was tied (p. 219); the second element must therefore be Gnomish lath 'a year', which appears also in the rejected names for Fanuin, Lathos and Lathweg (p. 222). For Gon- see Gondolin. Gwerlum This is given in GL with the translation 'Gloomweaver' gwer- 'wind, turn, bend', but also used in the sense of the root gwidh- 'plait, weave'. QL has a root GWERE 'whirl, twirl, twist', but the name Wirilómë of the great Spider is placed under the root GWIDI, whence also windelë 'loom', winda 'woof', wistë 'weft'. The name of the great eddy Wiruin (p. 167), not in the dictionaries, must belong here. For the element- lómë, -lum see Hisilómë. Haloisi Velikë (On the 'World-Ship' drawing, p. 84.) In QL haloisi 'the sea (in storm)' is given under a root HALA, with other derivatives haloitë 'leaping', halta- 'to leap'. To Qenya velikë 'great' corresponds Gnomish beleg 'mighty, great' (as in Beleg the Bowman in the tale of Túrin). Helkar QL under root HELE has helkë 'ice', helka 'ice-cold', hilkin 'it freezes', halkin 'frozen'. GL has helc, heleg 'ice', hel- 'freeze', heloth 'frost', etc., and helcor 'arctic cold, utter frost' this last was changed to read helchor 'antarctic cold, utter frost of the South (the pillar of the Southern Lamp). Q. Helkar.' Helkaraksë See Helkar; Helkaraksë is not in either dictionary and the second element is obscure, unless it is to be connected with Q. aksa 'waterfall' (see Asgon). Heskil The root HESE 'winter' in QL has derivatives Heskil 'winter one', Hesin 'winter', hessa 'dead, withered', hesta- 'wither'. In GL are Hess 'winter, especially as name of Fuil', and hesc 'withered, dead; chill'. For another name of Fui Nienna see Vailimo. Hisildi See Hisilómë. Hisilómë Under the root HISI QL gives hísë, histë, 'dusk', Hisinan 'Land of Twilight'. For the translation of Hisilómë as 'Shadowy Twilights' see p. 112. The root LOMO has many derivatives, as lómë 'dusk, gloom, darkness', lómëar 'child of gloom' (cf. Lómëarni), lómin 'shade, shadow', lomir 'I hide', lomba 'secret'. Cf. Wirilómë. Gnomish words are lôm 'gloom, shade', lómin 'shadowy, gloomy' and noun 'gloom': so Dor Lómin. The same element occurs in Lomendánar 'Days of Gloaming'. Ilinsor A late entry in GL gives Glinthos="Qenya" Ilinsor, Helmsman of the Moon. The first element is probably glint 'crystal'. Ilinsor does not appear in QL. Ilkorin A negative prefix il- is given in both dictionaries; in GL it is said that il- 'denotes the opposite, the reversal, i.e. more than the mere negation'. See Kôr. Ilsaluntë (Name of the Moon.) Ilsa is given in QL as 'the mystic name of silver, as laurë of gold' it is the i of tilkal, p. 100. For luntë 'ship' see Alqaluntë. The Gnomish name is Gilthalont; giltha 'white metal' is said to be properly the same as celeb 'silver' (Q. telpë), but now including gais 'steel', ladog 'tin', etc., as opposed to culu 'gold' and culu is said to be a poetic word for 'gold' but 'also used mythically as a class name of all red and vellow metals, as giltha of white and grey'. See Telimpë. Ilterendi In the text the fetters are called Ilterendi 'for they might not be filed or cleft' (p. 101); but root TERE in QL has derivatives with a sense of 'boring' (tereva 'piercing', teret 'auger, gimlet'). Ilúvatar There can be no doubt that the original meaning of Ilúvatar was 'Sky-father' (in QL is found atar 'father'); see Ilwë. Ilverin Elvish name of Littleheart son of Bronweg. The rejected name Elwenildo (p. 52) contains the word elwen 'heart' given in QL; GL gives the word ilf 'heart (especially used of feelings)', and several names (Ilfin(g), Ilfiniol, Ilfrith) corresponding to Qenya Ilwerin. Ilwë In QL the word ilu is glossed 'ether, the slender airs among the stars', while in GL the Gnomish name Ilon of Illúvatar is said to="Qenya" Ilu. In QL ilwë was first glossed 'sky, heavens', with a later addition 'the blue air that is about the stars, the middle layers' to this in Gnomish corresponds ilwint—concerning which it is explained in GL that the true form ilwi or ilwin was perverted to ilwint through association with gwint 'face', as if it meant 'face of God'. Other words found in Gnomish are Ilbar, Ilbaroth 'heaven, the uttermost region beyond the world' Ilador, Ilathon=Ilúvatar; ilbrant 'rainbow' (see Ilweran). Ilweran QL gives Ilweran, Ilweranta 'rainbow' (another word for the rainbow in Qenya is Iluqinga, in which qinga means 'bow' qingi-twang, of strings, harp'). In Gnomish the corresponding forms are Ilbrant or Ilvrant, which are said in GL to be falsely associated with brant 'bow (for shooting)' the second element is related rather to rantha 'arch, bridge', as Q. Ilweran(ta) shows. Ingil In GL the Gnomish names of Inwë's son are Gilweth and Githilma; Gil is the star Sirius, and is said to be the name of Gilweth after he rose into the heavens and 'in the likeness of a great bee bearing honey of flame followed Daimord [Telimektar, Orion]' see entries Nielluin, Telimektar. No explanation of these names is given, but Gil(weth) is clearly connected with gil- 'gleam', gilm 'moonlight', giltha 'white metal' (see Ilsaluntë). For Githilma see Isil. Inwë In QL this, the name of 'the ancient king of the fairies who led them to the world', is a derivative of a root INI 'small', whence also the adjective inya and the names Inwilis, Inwinórë 'Faëry' and 'England' (the latter struck out). Tol Eressëa was here said to have been named Inwinórë after Inwë, but this was changed to say that it was named Ingilnórë after his son Ingil. These entries relate to a very early conception (see Alalminórë, Eldamar). For other names of Inwë see Inwithiel, Isil. Inwir See Inwë. In GL the 'noble clan of the Tilthin' (Teleri) are called Imrim, singular Im (see Inwithiel). Inwithiel In the texts Inwithiel, Gnomish name of King Inwë, is an emendation from (Gim) Githil (p. 22, 131). In GL these names Inwithiel, Githil are given as additional to his proper names Inweg or Im. See Isil. Isil In the tale of The Coming of the Elves (p. 115) Inwë is called Isil Inwë, and in GL the Gnomish form corresponding to Isil is Githil (to the name of his son Githilma corresponds Qenya Isilmo). In QL is a root ISI (iska 'pale', is 'light snow'), of which the Gnomish equivalent is given as ith- or gith-; GL has a word ith 'fine snow'. Kalaventë See Galmir, Glorvent. Kalormë This appears in QL among the derivatives of root KALA (see Galmir), with the meaning 'hill-crest over which the Sun rises'. ormë="summit," crest', from a root ORO with apparently a base sense of 'rise': or 'on', oro 'hill', oro- 'rise', orto- 'raise', oronta 'steep', orosta 'ascension', etc.; Gnomish or 'on, onto, on top', orod, ort 'mountain', orm 'hill-top', oros, orost- 'rising'. Cf. Oromë, Orossi, Tavrobel. Kapalinda (The source of the river in the place of the banishment of the Noldoli in Valinor, p. 157.) QL has kapalinda 'spring of water' among derivatives of root KAPA 'leap, spring' linda is obscure. Kaukareldar Under the root KAWA 'stoop' in QL are derivations kauka 'crooked, bent, humped', kauko 'humpback', kawin 'I bow', kaurë 'fear', kaurëa 'timid'. Kelusindi (The river in the place of the banishment of the Noldoli in Valinor, p. 157; in the text called Sirnúmen.) In QL under root KELE, KELU 'flow, trickle, ooze' are given many derivatives including kelusindi 'a river', also kelu, kelumë 'stream', kektelë 'fountain' (also in the form ektelë), etc. For -sindi see Sirion. Kémi QL gives kemi 'earth, soil, land' and kemen 'soil', from root KEME. The Gnomish name is Címir, which="Q." Kémi 'Mother Earth'. There is also a Gnomish word grosgen 'soil' in which -gen is said to="Q." kémi. Koivië-néni 'Waters of Awakening.' In QL under root KOYO 'have life' are derivatives koi, koirë 'life', koitë 'living being', koina, koirëa 'alive', koiva 'awake', koivië 'awakening'. In GL are cuil 'life', cuith 'life, living body', etc.; cwiv- 'be awake', cwivra- 'awaken', cuivros 'awakening': Nenin a Gwivros 'Waters of Awakening'. For -néni, Nenin see Neni Erúmëar. Kópas QL has kópa 'harbour', the only word given under root KOPO 'keep, guard'. GL has gobos 'haven', with a reference to Q. kópa, kópas; also gob 'hollow of hand', gobli 'dell'. Kôr In QL this name is given under the root KORO 'revere?', with the note 'the ancient town built above the rocks of Eldamar, whence the fairies marched into the world' also placed here are korda 'temple', kordon 'idol'. The Gnomish form is here given as Côr, but in GL Côr ('the hill of the fairies and the town thereon near the shores of the Bay of Faëry') was replaced by Gwâr, Goros '="Q." Kôr the town on the round hill'. This interpretation of the name Kôr clearly replaces that in QL, which belongs with the earliest layer of entries. See further under korin. korin See Kôr. In QL there is a second root KORO (i.e. distinct from that which gave Kôr); this has the meaning 'be round, roll', and has such derivatives as korima 'round', kornë 'loaf', also korin 'a circular enclosure, especially on a hill-top'. At the same time as Côr was replaced by Gwâr, Goros in GL the word gorin (gwarin) 'circle of trees, ="=Q." korin' was entered, and all these forms derive from the same root (gwas- or gor- < guor="Q." kor-), which would seem to signify 'roundness' so in the tale of The Coming of the Elves 'the Gods named that hill Kôr by reason of its roundness and its smoothness' (p. 122). Koromas A separate and early entry in QL defines Kormas (the form in the text before emendation to Koromas, p. 22) thus: 'the new capital of the fairies after their retreat from the hostile world to Tol Eressëa, now Inwinórë. It was named in memory of Kôr and because of its great tower was called also Kortirion.' For -mas see Eldamar. Kortirion The word tirion 'a mighty tower, a city on a hill' is given in QL under root TIRI 'stick up', with tinda 'spike', tirin 'tall tower', tirios 'a town with walls and towers'. There is also another root TIRI, differing in the nature of the medial consonant, with meaning 'watch, guard, keep; look at, observe', whence tiris 'watch, vigil', etc. In GL are tir- 'look out for, await', tirin (poetic form tirion) 'watch-tower, turret', Tirimbrithla 'the Tower of Pearl' (see Silmarilli). Kosomot Son of Melko (see p. 93). With a different second element, Kosomoko, this name is found in QL under root MOKO 'hate' (mokir 'I hate'), and the corresponding Gnomish form is there said to be Gothmog. The first element is from root KOSO 'strive', in Gnomish goth 'war, strife', with many derivative words. Kulullin This name is not among the derivatives of KULU 'gold' in QL, nor does it appear with the Gnomish words (mostly names of the Sun) containing culu in GL. For the meaning of culu in Gnomish see Ilsaluntë. Laisi See Tári-Laisi. Laurelin QL has laurë 'gold (much the same as kulu)', laurina 'golden'. laurë is the final l of tilkal (p. 100, where it is said to be the 'magic' name of gold, as ilsa of silver). The Gnomish words are glôr 'gold', glôrin, glôriol 'golden', but GL gives no names of the Golden Tree. Cf. Bráglorin, Glorvent. limpë limpë 'drink of the fairies' is given in QL under root LIPI, with lipte- 'to drip', liptë 'a little drop', lipil 'little glass'. Corresponding forms in GL are limp or limpelis 'the drink of the fairies', lib- 'to drip', lib 'a drop', libli 'small glass'. Lindeloksë At one occurrence in the texts an emendation from Lindeloktë and itself emended to Lindelos (p. 22), at others an emendation from Lindelótë and itself allowed to stand (p. 79, 131). See Lindelos. Lindelos Linde- is one of many derivatives from the root LIRI 'sing', as lin 'melody', lindelë 'song, music', lindelëa 'melodious', lirit 'poem', lirilla 'lay, song' (cf. Rúmil's tirípti lirilla, p. 47), and the name of the Vala Lirillo. GL has lir- 'sing' and glîr 'song, poem'. Lindelos is not given in QL, which has the name rejected in the text Lindeloktë (p. 22), here translated 'singing cluster, laburnum'. Loktë 'blossom (of flowers in bunches or clusters)' is derived from a root LOHO, with lokta- 'sprout, put forth leaves or flowers'. This is said to be an extended form of root OLO 'tip', whence olë 'three', olma 'nine', ólemë 'elbow'. Another extended form of this root is LO'O, from which are derived lótë 'a flower' (and -lot 'the common form in compounds') and many other words; cf. Lindelótë, another rejected name of the Golden Tree (p. 79, 131), Wingilot. For Gnomish words see Gar Lossion. No Gnomish name of the Golden Tree is found in GL, but it was in fact Glingol (which originally appeared in the text, see p. 22); GL has glin 'sound, voice, utterance' (also lin 'sound'), with the note that -glin, -grin is a suffix in the names of languages, as Goldogrin Gnomish. Lirillo (A name of Salmar-Noldorin, p. 144.) See Lindelos. Lómëarni (A name of the Dark Elves, p. 244 note 6.) See Hisilómë. Lomendánar 'Days of Gloaming' (p. 69). See Hisilómë, Danuin. Lórien A derivative of the root LORO 'slumber', with lor- 'to slumber', lorda 'drowsy, slumbrous' also olor, olórë 'dream', olórëa 'dreamy'. (For much later formulation of words from this root, including Olórin (Gandalf), see Unfinished Tales p. 396.) In GL are given lûr 'slumber', Lúriel changed to Lúrin="Qenya" Lúrien, and also olm, oloth, olor 'dream, apparition, vision', oltha 'appear as an apparition'. Cf. Eriol, Olofantur, Olórë Mallë. Lúmin (Rejected name for Aluin 'Time', p. 222.) GL has lûm 'time', luin 'gone, past', lu 'occasion, time', lûtha 'pass (of time), come to pass'. Aluin perhaps belongs here also. Luvier I have translated this word on the 'World-Ship' drawing as 'Clouds' (p. 85) on the basis of words in QL derived from the root LUVU: luvu- 'lower, brood', lumbo 'dark lowering cloud', lúrë 'dark weather', lúrëa 'dark, overcast'. GL has lum 'cloud', lumbri 'foul weather', lumbrin, lumba 'overcast', lur- 'hang, lower, of clouds'. Makar Given in QL ('God of battle') under root MAKA, with mak- 'slay', makil 'sword'. His Gnomish name is Magron or Magorn, with related words mactha- 'slay', macha 'slaughter, battle', magli 'a great sword'. See Meássë. In the Valar name-list Makar is called also Ramandor. This was the original name of the King of the Eagles in The Fall of Gondolin, replaced by Sorontur. In QL under root RAMA (rama- 'to shout', rambë 'a shout', ran 'noise') Ramandor is translated 'the Shouter, ="Makar$$$rsquo###." Mandos This name is defined in QL as 'the halls of Vê and Fui (hell)', and a comparison made with -mandu in Angamandu 'Hells of Iron'. In GL is the following entry: 'Bandoth [later changed to Bannoth] (cf. Angband)="Mandos" (1) the region of the waiting souls of the dead (2) the God who judged the dead Elves and Gnomes (3) improperly used exclusively of his hall, properly called Gwê [changed to Gwî] or Ingwi'. For this distinction between the region Mandos, in which dwelt the death-gods, and their halls Vê and Fui, see p. 76, 89–90. Mánir Not in QL; but GL has 'móna or móni: the spirits of the air, children of Manweg'. Further relations are indicated in the following entry: 'manos (plural manossin): a spirit that has gone to the Valar or to Erumáni (Edhofon). Cf. móna, Q. mánë.' See Eruman and p. 91 ff. Other words are mani 'good (of men and character only), holy' (QL manë 'good (moral)'), mandra 'noble', and Manweg (Q. Manwë). Manwë See Mánir. The Gnomish names are Man and Manweg (for-weg see Bronweg). Mar Vanwa Tyaliéva For Mar see Eldamar, and for Vanwa see Qalvanda. Tyalië 'play, game' is an isolated entry in QL under root TYALA. Meássë A late, hasty entry in QL adds Meássë 'sister of Makar, Amazon with bloody arms' to the root MEHE 'ooze?', whence mear 'gore'. In GL she is Mechos and Mechothli (mechor 'gore'), and is also called Magrintha 'the red-handed' (magru=macha 'slaughter, battle', magrusaig 'bloodthirsty'). In the Valar name-list she is called Rávë or Ravenni; in QL the root RAVA has many derivatives, as rauta- 'to hunt', raust 'hunting, preying', Raustar a name of Oromë, rau (plural rávi) 'lion', ravennë 'she-lion', Rávi a name of Meássë. Very similar forms are given in GL: rau 'lion', rausta 'to hunt', raust 'hunt'. Melko The name is entered in QL but without etymological affinity. In GL the corresponding name is Belca, changed to Belcha, with a note referring to Qenya velka 'flame'. In the Valar name-list he is called Yelur (root DYELE, whence Qenya yelwa 'cold', Yelin 'winter'); the Gnomish form is Geluim, Gieluim, 'name of Belcha when exercising his opposite functions of extreme cold, Q. Yeloimu', cf. Gilim 'winter'. Melko is also called in the name-list Ulban(d), which is found in QL glossed 'monster', under the negative prefix UL-; his son Kosomot (Gothmog) was 'by Ulbandi' (p. 93). Other names for him in Gnomish are Uduvrin (see Utumna) and Angainos (see Angaino). Meril-i-Turinqi Meril is not in QL, but turinqi 'queen' is given with a great many other derivatives of the root TURU 'be strong', including Turambar (Turumarto), and tur 'king'. In GL are tur- 'can, have power to', tûr 'king', turwin 'queen', turm 'authority, rule; strength'. turinthi 'princess, especially title of Gwidhil'. Cf. Sorontur, Valatúru. Tuor. There are also these later additions in GL: 'Gwidhil-i-Durinthi= Meril-i-Turinqi Queen of Flowers' gwethra 'bloom, flourish' and the stem gwedh- is here compared to Qenya mer-, which is not in QL. Minethlos GL min 'one, single', mindon 'tower, properly an isolated turret or peak', mineth 'island', Minethlos 'Argent Isle (Moon)'—the same translation is given in the text, p. 192. Under root MI QL has mir 'one', minqë 'eleven' and under root MINI mindon 'turret'. The second element of Minethlos must in fact be lôs 'flower' (see Gar Lossion). Miruvor QL miruvórë 'nectar, drink of the Valar' (see p. 161), with miru 'wine' GL mirofor (or gurmir) 'drink of the Gods', mîr, miros 'wine'. Moritarnon 'Door of Night' (see Mornië). GL gives tarn 'gate', tarnon 'porter'. Cf. Tarn Fui. Mornië Not in QL, but one of the many derivatives of root MORO, as moru- 'to hide', mori 'night', morna, morqa 'black', morion 'son of the dark'. (A curious item is Morwen 'daughter of the dark', Jupiter. In the original tale of Túrin his mother was not named Morwen.) The Gnomish name of the death-ship is Mornir, a later addition to original entries morn 'dark, black', morth 'darkness', mortha 'dim', with the note 'the black ship that plies between Mandos and Erumáni, Q. Mornië (Black Grief)'. The second element is therefore nîr 'grief' (<ni[image: image]r-), to which Qenya nyérë is said to correspond. Cf. Moritarnon, Móru, Morwinyon. Móru GL in a later addition gives Muru 'a name of the primeval Night personified as Gwerlum or Gungliont', hence my reading in the text Móru rather than Morn (p. 156). Among the original entries in GL is múri 'darkness, night'. See Mornië. Morwinyon This name of the star Arcturus is translated in the text (p. 182) as 'the glint at dusk', and QL, giving it under root MORO (see Mornië), renders it 'glint in the dark'. QL has a root GWINI with derivative word wintil 'a glint'. The Gnomish name is Morwinthi; presumably connected are gwim, gwinc 'spark, flash', gwimla 'wink, twinkle'. Murmenalda Translated in the text as 'Vale of Sleep', 'the Slumbrous Dale' (pp. 233, 235). QL under root MURU gives muru- 'to slumber', murmë 'slumber', murmëa 'slumbrous'. The second element is from a root NLDL, of which the derivatives in QL are nal(lë) 'dale, dell' and nalda 'valley' used as an adjective. In Gnomish occur nal 'dale, vale', nal 'down, downwards', nalos 'sinking, setting, slope', Nalosaura 'sunset', etc. Cf. Murmuran. Murmuran See Murmenalda. GL gives the Gnomish form corresponding to Qenya Murmuran as Mormaurien 'abode of Lúriel', but this seems to be of different etymology: cf. Malmaurien="Olórë" Mallë, the Path of Dreams, maur 'dream, vision'. Nandini On an isolated paper that gives a list of the different clans of 'fays' the Nandini are 'fays of the valleys'. QL gives a root NARA with derivatives nan(d) 'woodland', nandin 'dryad' GL has nandir 'fay of the country, Q. nandin', together with nand 'field, acre' (plural nandin 'country'), nandor 'farmer', etc. Nauglath GL gives the following words: naug and naugli 'dwarf', naugla 'of gives the dwarves' nauglafel 'dwarf-natured, i.e. mean, avaricious' (see p. 236). QL has nothing corresponding, but in GL the Qenya equivalent of naug is said to be nauka. Neni Erúmëar (On the 'World-Ship' drawing, where I have translated it 'Outermost Waters', p. 85.) QL under root NENE 'flow' has nen 'river, water', and the same form occurs in Gnomish. Erúmëa 'outer, outermost' is given in AL as a derivative of ERE 'out', as in Eruman. Cf. Koivië-néni. Nermir In the list of fays referred to under Nandini the Nermir are 'fays of the meads'. QL has an isolated entry Nermi 'a field-spirit', and GL has Nermil 'a fay that haunts meadows and river-banks.'. Nessa This name does not appear in the dictionaries.—In the Valar name-list she is called Helinyetillë and Melesta. In QL, among the very early entries, helin is the name of the violet or pansy, and Helinyetillë is glossed 'Eyes of Heartsease' (that being a name of the pansy); cf, y´ta 'look at'. But in QL this is a name of Erinti. There was clearly much early shifting among the goddesses of Spring, the ascription of names and rôles (see Erinti). Melesta is doubtless from root MELE 'love' (meles(së) 'love', melwa 'lovely', etc.; Gnomish mel- 'to love', meleth 'love', melon, meltha 'beloved', etc.). Nielíqui In QL this name (Nieliqi, also Nielikki, Nyelikki) is derived from the root NYEHE 'weep' (see Nienna). Where her tears fell snowdrops (nieninqë, literally 'white tear') sprang. See the poem Nieninqë in J. R. R. Tolkien, The Monsters and the Critics and Other Essays, 1983, p. 215. For ninqë see Taniquetil. The second element of Nielíqui is presumably from the root LIQI, whence linqë 'water', liqin 'wet,' liqis 'transparence', etc. (see Ulmo). Nielluin This name of the star Sirius is translated in the text (p. 182) as 'the Bee of Azure' (see Ingil). The first element is from the root NEHE, whence nektë 'honey', nier (< neier < neier) 'honey-bee', nierwes 'hive'. The name of Sirius is given in QL as Niellúnë or Nierninwa; both ninwa and lúnë are Qenya words meaning 'blue'. In Gnomish the name of the star is Niothluimi, = Qenya Nielluin: nio, nios 'bee' and many related words, luim 'blue'. Nienna In QL Nyenna the goddess is given under a root NYE(NE) 'bleat', whence nyéni 'she-goat', nyéna- 'lament', etc.; but there is a note 'or all to root NYEHE'. This means 'weep': nië'tear' (cf.Nielíqui), nyenyë 'weeping'. In GL the forms of the name are Nenni(r), Nenir, Nenir, without etymological connections given, but cf. nîn 'tear'. Noldoli The root NOL 'know' in QL has derivatives Noldo 'Gnome' and Noldorinwa adjective, Noldomar 'Gnomeland', and Noldorin 'who dwelt awhile in Noldomar and brought the Gnomes back to Inwenórë. It seems that Noldomar means the Great Lands. But it is very curious that in these entries, which are among the earliest, 'Gnome' is an emendation of 'Goblin' cf. the poem Goblin Feet (1915), and its Old English title Cumaþ Þá Nihtielfas (p. 32). In Gnomish 'Gnome' is Golda ('i.e. wise one'); Goldothrim 'the people of the Gnomes', Goldogrin their tongue, Goldobar, Goldomar 'Gnomeland'. The equivalent of Noldorin in GL is Goldriel, which was the form antecedent to Golthadriel in the text before both were struck out (p. 22). See Nólemë. Noldorin See Noldoli. Nólemë This is given in QL as a common noun, 'deep lore, wisdom' (See Noldoli). The Gnomish name of Finwë Nólemë, Golfinweg (p. 115), contains the same element, as must also the name Fingolma given to him in outlines for Gilfanon's Tale (pp. 238–9). I Nori Landar (On the 'World-Ship' drawing, probably meaning 'the Great Lands', pp. 84–5.) For nori see Valinor. Nothing similar to landar appears in QL; GL gives a word land (lann) 'broad'. Nornorë In QL this name has the form Nornoros 'herald of the Gods', and with the verb nornoro- 'run on, run smoothly' is derived from a root NORO 'run, ride, spin, etc.'. GL has similar words, nor- run', roll', norn 'wheel', nûr 'smooth, rolling free'. The name corresponding to Qenya Nornorë is here Drondor 'messenger of the Gods' (drond 'race, course, track' and drô 'wheel-track, rut'); Drondor was later changed to Dronúrin (<Noron[image: image]r-) and drond to dronn. Númë (On the 'World-Ship' drawing.) In QL númë 'West' is derived from root NUHU 'bow, bend down, stoop, sink' other words are núta- 'stoop, sink', númeta-, numenda- 'get low (of the Sun)', númëa 'in the West'. Gnomish num- 'sink, descend', númin 'in the West', Auranúmin 'sunset', numbros 'incline, slope', nunthi 'downward'. Cf. Falassë Númëa, Faskala-númen, Sirnúmen. Núri Name of Fui Nienna: 'Núri who sighs', p. 66. This is given without translation in QL under root NURU, with núru- 'growl (of dogs), grumble', nur 'growl, complaint'. In Gnomish she is Nurnil, with associated words nur- 'growl, grumble', nurn 'lament', nurna- 'bewail, lament'. Ô (On the 'World-Ship' drawing: 'the Sea', pp. 84–5.) See Ónen. Oarni See Ónen. Olofantur See Lórien, Fanturi. Olórë Mallë For Olórë see Lórien. mallë 'street' appears in QL under root MALA 'crush' (see Balrog); the Gnomish form is mal 'paved way, road', and the equivalent of Olórë Mallë is Malmaurien (see Murmuran). Ónen The root 'o'o in QL has derivatives Ô, a poetic word, 'the sea', oar 'child of the sea, merchild', oaris (-ts), oarwen 'mermaid', and Ossë the name ówen (antecedent of Ónen in the text, pp. 61, 79) also appears, and evidently means the same as oarwen (for -wen see Urwen). The later form Uinen in the Tales is apparently Gnomish; GL U´nen 'Lady of the Sea'. changed late to Uinen. A form Oinen also occurs (p. 211). In the Valar name-list Ónen is called also Solórë (see Solosimpi) and Ui Oarista. This latter appears in QL, with the definition 'Queen of the Mermaids', together with Uin 'the primeval whale' but how these relate to the other names is obscure. Orc QL ork (orq-) 'monster, demon'. GL orc 'goblin', plural orcin, orchoth (hoth 'folk, people', hothri 'army', hothron 'captain'). Oromë In QL Oromë 'son of Aulë' is placed under a root ORO that is distinct (apparently because of the nature of the consonant) from ORO (with meaning of 'steepness, rising') given under Kalormë; but these roots are said to be 'much confused'. This second root yields órë 'the dawn, Sunrise, East', órëa 'of the dawn, Eastern', orontë, oronto 'Sunrise', osto 'the gates of the Sun', and Ostor 'the East, the Sun when she issues from her white gates'. It is noted that Oromë should perhaps be placed under the other root, but there is no indication of the connections of the name. In The Hiding of Valinor (p. 214) Oromë has a particular knowledge of the East of the world. His name in Gnomish is Orma; and in the Valar name-list he is also called Raustar, for which see Meássë. Oronto (On the 'World-Ship' drawing, 'East'.) See Oromë. Orossi In the list of fays referred to under Nandini the Orossi are 'fays of the mountains', and this name is thus a derivative from the root ORO seen in Kalormë. Ossë See Ónen. His Gnomish name is Otha or Oth. Palisor See Palúrien. Palúrien An early entry in QL gives Palurin 'the wide world' under a root PALA, whose derivatives have a common general sense of 'flatness', among them palis 'sward, lawn', whence no doubt Palisor. In GL the corresponding name is Belaurin, B(a)laurin; but she is also called Bladorwen 'the wide earth, the world and its plants and fruits, Mother Earth' (related words are blant 'flat, open, expansive, candid', blath 'floor', bladwen 'a plain'). See Yavanna. Poldórëa Not in QL, but GL gives serval corresponding forms: Polodweg="Tulcus" (polod 'power, might, authority'); polodrin 'mighty, also in poetic form Poldurin or Poldorin which is especially used as epithet of Tulcus; Q. Poldórëa. Qalmë-Tári The root is QALA 'die', whence qalmë 'death', qalin 'dead', and other words of the same meaning. Tári is from TAHA: tâ 'high', tára 'lofty', tári 'queen', etc.; Gnomish dâ 'high', dara 'lofty', daroth 'summit, peak'. Cf. Taniquetil. Qalvanda 'The Road of Death' (p. 213). See Qalmë-Tári. The second element is from root VAHA: whence vâ past tense 'went', vand- 'way, path', vandl 'staff', vanwa 'gone on the road, past, over, lost' (as in Mar Vanwa Tyaliéva). Cf. Vansamírin. Qerkaringa The first element is obscure; for -ringa see Ringil. Qorinómi See p. 227. The root is QORO/QOSO, whence qoro- 'choke, suffocate', qorin 'drowned, choked', etc. Rána Not in QL, but GL has Rân 'the Moon (Q. Rána)' and ranoth 'month' (Ranoth was a rejected name preceding Ranuin, p. 222). In the text (p. 192) it is said that the Gods named the Moon Rána. Ranuin See Rána Ringil QL gives ringa 'damp, cold, chilly', ringwë 'rime, frost', rin 'dew'; GL rî 'coolness', ring 'cool, cold, a sudden breeze or cold breath', and (a later addition) Ringli 'the arctic colds, the North Pole (see the tale of the Coming of the Ainur)'. Cf. Qerkaringa. Rúmil This name is not found in either dictionary, but seems likely to be connected with words given in GL: rû and ruˆ 'secret, mystery ruim 'secret, mysterious', rui 'whisper', rûm 'secret, mystery ruim 'secret, mysterious', rui 'whisper', ruitha 'to whisper'. Salmar This name must belong with derivatives of the root SALA salma 'lyre', salmë 'harp-playing', etc. Samírien ('The Feast of Double Mirth', p. 143.) Presumably derive from the root MIRI 'smile' sa- is referred to in QL as an 'intensive prefix'. Cf. Vansamírin. Sári Not in either dictionary, but in QL the root SAHA/SAHYA yields sâ 'fire', saiwa 'hot', Sahóra 'the South' GL has sâ 'fire' (poetic form sai), sairin 'fiery', saiwen 'summer', and other words. Sil Under the root SILI QL gives a long list of words beginning with Sil 'Moon' and all with meanings of whiteness or white light, but neither Silpion nor Silmaril occurs in it. In GL Sil 'properly="Rose" of Silpion", see Tale of the Making of the Sun and Moon, but often used poetically = Whole Moon or Rân'. In this tale (p. 215) it is said that the fairies named the Moon 'Sil, the Rose' (earlier reading 'the silver rose'). Silindrin The 'Moon-cauldron' does not appear in either dictionary; the nearest form is Silindo in QL, which is a name of Jupiter. See Sil. Silmarilli See Sil. In GL the equivalent of 'Q. Silmaril' is silubrill- (silum(b)aril-), plural silubrilthin (which occurs in the text, p. 138); a later addition compares brithla 'pearl', Qenya marilla (not in QL). The Tower of Pearl was named in Gnomish Tirimbrithla. Silmo See Sil. In QL Silmo is translated 'the Moon', and in GL Silmo is given as the Gnomish equivalent of Qenya Silmo. Silpion See Sil. The Gnomish names are Silpios or Piosil, but no meaning is given. Silubrilthin See Silmarilli. Sirion QL root SIRI 'flow', with derivatives sindi 'river' (cf. Kelusindi) sirë 'stream', sírima 'liquid, flowing'. In GL are given sîr 'river siriol 'flowing', and Sirion (poetic word) 'river, properly name of the famous magic river that flowed through Garlisgion and Nantathrir' (Garlisgion 'the Place of Reeds' survived in Lisgardh 'the land of reeds at the Months of Sirion', Unfinished Tales p. 34. Cf. Sirnúmen, and the name it replaced, Numessir. Sirnúmen See Sirion, Númë. Solosimpi QL gives Solosimpë 'the Shoreland Pipers', of which the first element is from root SOLO: solmë 'wave', solor, solossë 'surf, surge