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text:
When California voters imposed term limits on members of the state Legislature in 1990, many did so with the hope of bringing back "citizen legislators," concerned members of the community who would be willing to take six or eight years away from their primary career to go to Sacramento and make a difference. What voters actually got was a generation of career politicians who played musical chairs and jumped from one elected office to the next.
After six years in the Assembly, politicians might set their sights on the state Senate. After that, they may want to come back home and run for city council, mayor or county board of supervisors. If the stars align just right, a highly coveted spot in Congress might open up, offering a chance at one of the few political jobs where term limits don't apply. Unfortunately for most aspirants, these openings are few and far between. If you want a job in Congress, you would have more luck checking the obituaries than the classifieds.
Another way legislators can stay in the game is to run for a statewide constitutional office – lieutenant governor, attorney general, treasurer, controller, secretary of state, state superintendent of public instruction or insurance commissioner. Of these jobs, the position of lieutenant governor is one of the plum gigs. However, the lieutenant governor typically has little to do.
The joke in Sacramento is that the lieutenant governor's daily official duties amount to: Get up, read the paper, see if the governor is dead. If he's not, go back to sleep.
The reality isn't that far removed from the joke. According to the California Constitution the lieutenant governor serves as acting governor whenever the governor is absent from the state, and automatically becomes governor if a vacancy occurs in the office of the governor. The lieutenant governor is also president of the state Senate and votes in cases of tie votes on legislation. In addition, he or she sits on a number of boards and commissions, including the University of California Board of Regents and the Board of Trustees for the California State University system.
In plain English, the job is almost entirely ceremonial.
This fact doesn't stop some of the state's most seasoned political operators from tossing their hats in the ring. All indications are that Gavin Newsom, a former San Francisco Mayor and the current lieutenant governor will run for reelection. Former California Republican Party chairman Ron Nehring has announced his intent to run. Neel Kashkari, a GOP candidate for governor and a former U.S. Treasury official, said he considered a run for lieutenant governor before he opted to run for the top spot. Darrell Steinberg, the termed-out leader of the state Senate, has opened up a campaign account to run for lieutenant governor in 2018.
Why would a politician with actual power pursue an office that pays $123,965, with a budget of just over $1 million and a staff of three? Because being lieutenant governor would put any of them in great position to run for something they actually do want.
Look at the state's most recent lieutenant governors. Gray Davis left the post after one term to successfully run for governor. Cruz Bustamante ran unsuccessfully for governor during the 2003 recall election and for Insurance Commissioner in 2006. John Garamendi bolted midway through his first term to move to Congress, and political observers speculate that Gavin Newsom has his eye on the governor's office.
The special little secret about the office of lieutenant governor – which makes it desirable – is that many voters have no clue that the job has no duties. Many think the lieutenant governor is like the vice president of the United States and is intimately involved in public policy battles.
Lieutenant governors could be more than window dressing, but that would require them to run on the same ticket as candidates for governor, which is an unlikely scenario; Sacramento's future termed-out politicians likely won't eliminate one of the plumiest of the plum low-impact jobs they can run for.
Register opinion columnist John Phillips hosts a radio show on KABC/AM 790 in Los Angeles.

subset: commoncrawl


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I'm sure Airtel OYO and Lagos subscribers are milking the data dry because Airtel 4G LTE is like the Flash.
Just few weeks ago, Airtel launched her 4G LTE in in Lagos and gradually, its expanding to other states. Airtel took to their twitter handle to announced that 4G LTE will be launching in Abuja today which I believe its already active.
Just waiting for the official launching at International Conference Center Abuja. It is now live in Wuse2, Maitama, Garki, Asokoro
Requirement to Activate Airtel 4G LTE in Abuja
>>You'll require a sim swap in other to be able to access Airtel 4G LTE services. Kindly visit any Airtel shop near you with a valid means of identification for assistance on your swap request.
>> Airtel 4G LTE network supports Band 3 (1800MHz) which almost all mobile devices are using
>> Airtel is giving out a 4GB bonus data to everyone who activates 4G service
>> The 4GB bonus data is usable on 4G network only. To check your balance dial *140#
Hurry, swap your sim to 4G if you are in Abuja to feel the speed.


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Our journey is about to become very real very soon. It is hard to explain all the thoughts, emotions, feelings, etc… associated with moving our family across the world to take a job in a foreign land, knowing that EVERYTHING we encounter in this journey will be a new experience for each of us in our family. On paper, there are many things that would make most sensible people never take the plunge that we are about to take (who in their right mind uproots their family of 7 with children ranging from age 4 to 10 and moves them to the other side of the world???), or at least to second guess themselves throughout the process. While I am keenly aware of such concerns, I have known from early on in this process that this journey is something that our family is supposed to be doing, and therefore feel at peace with our decision to accept this job in China.
Over time, perhaps Jill and I will be able to share some of the myriad miracles (tender mercies) we've become a part of as we have made the choice to follow the promptings that have led us to this current point in our lives – that of moving to Beijing, China. Let me whet your appetite with one that occurred just yesterday.
I'll have to give you a bit of background first. A few years ago we purchased a four-plex apartment as an investment. Jill managed the apartment, while I was the "fixer-upper dude." When we made the decision to move from Albuquerque, of course we'd both have to give up these roles and find some other way to handle our four-plex while we are overseas. Selling the property is not an option, mainly due to the drop in value of the property over the past three years – it just wouldn't make financial sense. That leaves us with the option of hiring out an apartment management firm to take over for us, at the cost of 10% of the rental income each month. This was really the only option that seemed to make sense to us, so Jill found a management firm she liked, and got it all setup. The downside? Well, we're barely making about $200 above our costs each month on the apartment during good months when all units are rented, so the 10% fee completely eats that up, making us actually lose a bit of money each month (even in the good ones). We figured this is just something we'd have to ride out.
Yesterday we were going through some financial clean-up before heading overseas, closing some bank accounts, etc… While I was on the phone with a banker, at the end of our phone call she asked me if I'd be interested in talking with their mortgage personnel about our mortgage with them. I figured sure, why not? I thought we already had pretty much the best rate we could get on our investment property, and didn't think this would go anywhere, but was proved wrong. The mortgage banker told us that they could get a rate at approximately 1.5% lower than our current rate. The net result in monthly payment? A $200 lower payment. Suffice it to say, I said sure – let's do it, and we are now in the process of refinancing the mortgage on our four-plex to save us precisely the amount of money it is going to cost us to have an external company take over management.
This type of experience has become the norm for us as we've decided to follow in faith the promptings we've received to move our family to Beijing. I am thrilled and excited to begin this new chapter of our lives, and yes – a bit nervous as well, but the overriding feeling I have is peace, knowing that we are doing what our Father in Heaven wants us to be doing at this point in our lives.
Stay tuned as Jill and I blog about our adventures as we transition to life in Beijing, China! We hope you enjoy the journey with us!
- Todd


text:
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Arrow Operations & Technologies Ltd. – a leading company operating in the field for over 30 years – specialize in the treatment and recycling of industrial wastewater and sludge using cutting-edge, safe and eco-friendly technology and applications.
Arrow Operations & Technologies Ltd. is a unique company offering innovative and tailor-made solutions for the treatment and recycling of sludge and wastewater, including: design, in–house development, and production of the facilities it implements and operates in the field, in BOO or BOT format.
The Company is committed to handling the client's unique needs. Its compensation is calculated based on the actual result as defined for execution.
The company is headed by Mr. Boaz Zadik and Mr. Israel Feig, backed by many years of experience in the field. They are joined by a team of experts, including engineers, technicians and operational personnel from various fields of expertise, aimed at developing and implementing novel and creative solutions emphasizing efficient and speedy applications, without disruption of factory work.
Arrow Operations & Technologies Ltd has a proven resume of work performance in chemical, petrochemical and mining industries .Among its projects are multi-annual projects carried out or implemented for clients such as the ICL Group, the Haifa Refinery, Haifa Chemicals, desalination facilities, power plants and international projects in factories in India and Senegal, and additional locations across the globe.
The Arrow Operations & Technologies Ltd team is pleased to be of service.


text:
Brendan Francis Newnam hosts a national public radio show called "The Dinner Party Download" produced by American Public Media. He's the author of the CNN.com travel column "The State I'm In." Follow him on Twitter @bnewnam.
(CNN) — Word on the cobblestone street is Istria is the "new Tuscany." I disagree. The landscape of this northern part of Croatia is less cultivated. It's less wealthy. And, last I checked, the Renaissance didn't happen here. Plus, "Istria" is still a little-known proper noun and "Tuscany" has moved into adjective territory.
Show me an American suburb and I'll show you a "Tuscan" kitchen, if not an entire foreclosed development named "Tuscan Hills." Earlier this year when Olive Garden — the strip mall home of endless breadsticks — wanted to make itself more appealing, it announced it was making over its restaurants in the style of Tuscan farmhouses. Now, I don't know if they serve shark in Tuscany, but the region has certainly jumped it.
That's not going to happen to Istria anytime soon. No, it will continue to hide in plain sight. Right in the middle of Europe. A small peninsula the shape of a crudely drawn heart tucked behind the boot of Italy. Capped by the Alps, bottom dangling in the cartoon blue of the Adriatic sea.
Eventually the tour buses and cookbook authors will arrive en masse, but for now the region is so sparsely populated that sometimes with its raw grandeur and new highways it can feel like an imaginary world in a video game where you build your own civilization.


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Comment 30 for bug 12893
|Gabriel Bauman (gabrielbauman) wrote :
I think the default Dapper behaviour makes sense.
If I put an file on my removable device into the Trash, and then walk to another machine, it's very convenient that the file appears in the trash on that machine too.
Most people are only upset about this because USB mass-storage cameras aren't handled well in Ubuntu. *Cameras and MP3 players* should not allow .Trash-$USER to exist - plain USB keys should.


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Kristarella wrote an article about the "Act4trees" project and I decided to also get on the train.
The project run by prizee.com has the astonishing goal of receiving 100 million visits. Once this goal is reached, prizee.com will put back 10,000 Euro (approx. 13,612 USD) to the environmental organization AQUAVERDE.
AQUAVERDE is a non-profit association founded in Geneva, Switzerland, in 2002.
Its goal is to promote and support all initiatives thriving to bring a new dimension to the interaction between human society and environement, in the perspective of sustainable development and dignity of People.
The association concentrates its efforts in priority to the safeguard of water ressources in the Amazon region, which constitute today one fourth of the fresh water reserves of our planet.
I believe we should support this project, either by donating to the association or by supporting the Ace4trees website and getting them their 100 million visits.
So what are you waiting for?


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Archiv für den Tag 27. Januar 2015
Khamenei's message to the West
The letter from Iran's supreme leader arrived as a surprise, reflecting a new approach by the Islamic republic, whose first leader, Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, had issued a fatwa calling for the death of the British-Indian novelist Salman Rushdie for "The Satanic Verses," a book regarded by Muslims worldwide as a provocation and blasphemous against Islam.
A Tehran source close to the supreme leader's house told Al-Monitor, "This letter, which was written by Imam Khamenei himself, is aimed at reaching the youth of the West to tell them to read and understand Islam directly." He also said, "It's as important as the Salman Rushdie fatwa in the late '80s. Imam Khamenei wants to build bridges with the future, with the youth, those who are going to be the leaders of the future."
The source said Khamenei had insisted that the letter be circulated via social media, but that there had also been negotiations with several international newspapers to publish it. In the end, according to the source, "Talks failed because the letter had been circulating on social media before it could be published."
The letter, published in six languages, appears to emerge from an envelope brimming with flowers and with rose petals scattered about. Of added interest, it is headed by the hashtag #letter4u, giving it the appearance of being from an ordinary social media user.
Sheikh Najaf Ali Mirzai, a professor and a lecturer in Qum at the clerical university, told Al-Monitor, "Hatred between West and East has reached its peak. It is the same between Islam and Christianity, between the Muslim world and the West."
"It's not all about Islamophobia. We also have 'Westophobia.' The letter was sent to present a logical solution, for a new approach and understanding," Mirzai said. "It's not an attempt to preach ideology, but an invitation to think, to rely on logic in building thoughts. That's why he said he doesn't assume his understanding is correct, but asks [readers] to understand the religion from its main sources."
Khamenei's letter might represent a new tack in relations with the West, but it can also be seen as a milestone in the Iranian approach inaugurated by the ascent of Hassan Rouhani, the first Iranian president since the 1979 revolution to talk to an American president, and the unfolding series of meetings around the world between Foreign Minister Mohammad Javad Zarif and US Secretary of State John Kerry. The letter is a clear indication that Iran is changing its thinking and wants to engage with those whom it considers to be middle of the road.
Mirzai believes this new direction might help in smoothing the path of dialogue and intellectual exchange between Muslims and the West. "Ayatollah Khamenei is initiating a dialogue with [members of] a younger generation from a different religion and who are on the opposite side. Some of them view Islam as an evil, therefore I believe this is a step forward that will help reform the religious rhetoric toward the West," he said.
"Before this letter, we were used to a different rhetoric. The Islamic approach was incompetent, poor, which helped in inciting Islamophobia. The old, classical, Eastern approach is one of the reasons why Daesh [the Islamic State] has succeeded in attracting Europeans and recruiting them," he said.
Of course, Khamenei's letter caught the attention of the Western media, with outlets discussing and analyzing its content. Iranians and Westerners on social media expressed mixed feelings toward it, with members from both camps supporting the message while others did not. There were also acknowledgments of surprise and astonishment, both positive and negative, at the letter's direct tone. Some among the Westerners used the ayatollah's hashtag to highlight allegations of human rights violations against the Islamic republic.
It is important to remember that this step by the supreme leader of Iran will not be left to stand alone. A decision has been made in Tehran to combat Islamophobia, and presenting the Iranian version of Islam as moderate is part of this orchestrated effort. The true test of the experiment will be how the leadership deals with the part involving "Westophobia."


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Overview for Home School Applicants
In today's society, home-schooling is fairly common. Many colleges will consider a student with a home-school background. As with any college application, some requirements will need to be met, such as proof of previous studies, a transcript, a Self-Reported Academic Record (SRAR), an ACT score, an SAT score and/or letters of recommendation. The list of what's needed to complete the application varies widely from school to school, so students will need to research each college's policies.
When Might Colleges Ask for a GED?
Whether or not a GED factors into a college's admissions process is also a case-by-case situation that needs to be researched. A college may require proof that a home-school applicant has completed high school studies, and a GED credential could serve that purpose. Some schools will request or accept a GED credential as a way for non-traditional students to demonstrate college readiness or to give the admissions department a basis for comparison with traditional applicants. For example, a school may allow a GED credential in lieu of an ACT or SAT score. The GED could be required for home schooled students who want to qualify for varsity sports. Or, a college that doesn't accept home school applicants at all may accept an application from a student who completes the GED exam.
Steps to Pursue a GED
Most states offer the GED as an option. While the test is standardized across the U.S., some policies such as registration requirements and costs differ from state to state. Students can find local sites for help and testing by using the locator tool on the website (www.GED.com). In addition to the passing scores set for the 4-part GED test, a 'Smart Transcript' of exam results provides insight into an individual student's strengths and his or her ability to work through the different subjects and types of challenges on the test. Additionally, those who score at a higher level can earn GED Honors to set themselves apart.


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By JOEY MILLAR NORTH KOREA is preparing to launch another ballistic missile, putting Kim Jong-un's Western enemies on edge once again.
Sometime over the next three days, the crackpot dictator will launch a mid-range missile in a sabre-shaking show of power. The missile will be the ninth this year launched by the hermit kingdom, who have been increasingly provocative and aggressive as 2016 has progressed.
Two US officials revealed they were aware of plans for the launch, which will possibly result in more international condemnation and sanctions. North Korea has also carried out two nuclear tests this year, which sparked furious responses from London, Washington, Tokyo and Seoul.
America said Kim's actions this year have been "provocative and deeply concerning", South Korea said it showed "maniacal recklessness" and even North Korea's allies China said they "firmly opposed" the tests. Last week North Korea hit back at the condemnation and occured the West of hypocrisy.
A South Korean watches news of a North Korean missile launch on TV
A Pyongyang official said: "These resolutions determined that our nuclear tests and satellite launches pose threats to international peace and security, but then the problem is why has the U.N. Security Council never taken issue with the nuclear tests and satellite launches conducted by other countries?"


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text:
15-16th November 2018
Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
Conference rationale:
The conference's goal is to reflect on the meanings, effects and resistances towards vulnerability in the context of mobility, migration and minoritization. Vulnerability, understood as both a universal and constant aspect of everyday life and a particular predicament of differently resilient individuals, has recently become an important concept within migration and minority studies. Survivors of torture, undocumented children or victims of trafficking have been considered as particularly vulnerable, and legislation and societal structures have been considered as agents in the creation and mitigation of such vulnerabilities. However, the understanding of vulnerability as negativity that requires a resilience-building response from the society and state institutions has been criticised as yet another mode of governing individuals in a neoliberal society. In turn, this view has been juxtaposed with understandings of vulnerability as a condition that is productive of or constitutes a radical possibility for the creation of new identities and subjectivities.
The confirmed keynote speakers are Dr. Jenny Phillimore (University of Birmingham, UK), Dr. Julian Reid (University of Lapland, Finland), and Dr. Rebecca Stern (Uppsala University, Sweden).
Abstract submission:
We are now opening the call for papers for the thematic workshops listed below. Please send the title of your presentation, an abstract of no more than 300 words, and your contact information (name, title, organization, and e-mail address) directly to the workshop conveners. Their contact information can be found below.
There are four workshop slots in the conference program. Each workshop slot is approximately 1.5 hour, including three paper presentations (3×20 minutes, with -/+ 10 minutes reserved for questions).
The main language of the conference is English, but also Finnish and Swedish language presentations are possible in some of the workshops.
Contact: For more information, please contact the organizers at email@example.com visit the conference website at http://blogs2.abo.fi/etmublog2018/.
Pre-Conference Doctoral Workshop: A pre-conference workshop will take place on the 14th of November for doctoral candidates wishing to get insight on academic publication from experienced researchers Ruth Illman (Director of Donner Institute) and Suvi Salmenniemi (professor of sociology, editor in chief of Acta Sociologica).
- Transnational Death Studies Interactive workshop: Approaches, Challenges, and Opportunities
- Political mobilizations for the rights of migrants and minorities
- A workshop on Research Ethics: power, trust and researcher's positionality
- Theoretical and empirical approaches to undocumented migrants in Finland
- Constructing vulnerable identities
- Exploring anti-racist resistance and alternatives
- Ageing and vulnerability in diverse societies
- 'The others' and vulnerabilities in/of sites of power
- Social and institutional trust, vulnerability and resilience in migration research
- Tightened Immigration Regimes and Everyday (In)Security: Experiences and Strategies of Vulnerable Migrants and Their Families
- Critically Re-thinking Professional Development, Wellness and 'Diversity' for Some People in Some Organizations: But Not Others.
- Placemaking through active refugee positions
- Categorizations of Migrants: Ideologies, Negotiations and Consequences
Workshop programme
1. Transnational Death Studies Interactive workshop: Approaches, Challenges, and Opportunities
Samira Saramo, Academy of Finland Postdoctoral Researcher, John Morton Center for North American Studies, University of Turku
This interactive workshop opens up the field of Transnational Death Studies through the presentation of historical and contemporary case studies, reflection on developments in current research on migrant death, and by facilitating dialogue with participants. Samira Saramo's research looks at death and mourning practices and narrations in the history of Finnish immigrant communities, while Eerika Koskinen-Koivisto examines family mementos and social commemoration, relating to forced displacements that took place during WWII in the Nordic-Baltic region.
Together with Hanna Snellman, Saramo and Koskinen-Koivisto have edited Transnational Death, a collection of ethnological and ethnographic studies of migrant community responses to the end of life. Analyzing current research directions and approaches in this growing international field, the workshop then asks participants to collectively question and reflect on how death, mourning, and commemoration shape migration, ethnicity, and transnational studies. Participants can share their own research experiences and methods, and pose challenges for the workshop group to collaboratively resolve in critical and creative ways.
2. Political mobilizations for the rights of migrants and minorities
Päivi Pirkkalainen, Post-doc researcher, Department of Social Sciences and Philosophy, University of Jyväskylä
Paula Merikoski, University of Helsinki
This workshop approaches the concepts and issues of vulnerability, resilience and resistance from the point of view of political mobilisations around the issues of migration and minorities. Migration issues have become heavily politicised in recent years. The current context in Finland, similar to many parts of the world, is characterized by growing xenophobia and anti-immigrant sentiments and an increasing popularity of populist political parties opposing migration. Concurrently, there has been increasing efforts to restrict migration deemed un-desirable by various legal changes and administrative practices.
These changes have increased the vulnerability of migrant and restricted the rights of minorities. Especially vulnerable are those individuals who live in Finland without a permanent residence permit and asylum seekers who live in a precarious state of limbo for an extended period, even for years waiting for a decision on their asylum case. At the same time, groups and movements by migrants themselves and their supporters have mobilised to raise their voice, showing strong levels of resistance. Migrants and the solidarity movements supporting them have found new sites and tactics to stand up for the rights of migrants, refugees and minorities.
The media often represents the tension between anti-immigration groups and movements standing up for the rights of migrants and minorities as two extremes. In this workshop we aim to unpack such black-and-white assumptions by analysing the complexities in the field of political mobilisation for the migrants' rights. We invite papers that deal with issues of political mobilisation, in particular the different forms of resistance around the issues of migration and minorities. We are interested in analysing new social movements for the migrants' and refugees' rights and their networks, tactics and lobbying power, protests for the rights of migrants and minorities, and different forms of migrants' and refugees' own political mobilisations. We welcome abstracts in English and in Finnish.
Poliittinen liikehdintä maahanmuuttajien ja vähemmistöjen oikeuksien puolesta
Työryhmä lähestyy konferenssin teemoja haavoittuvuudesta, sinnikkyydestä ja vastarinnasta poliittisen liikehdinnän analysoimisen kautta. Maahanmuutosta on viime vuosina tullut politisoitunut aihe. Niin Suomessa, kuin monessa maassa ympäri maailmaa poliittiselle kentälle on kehittynyt maahanmuuttovastaisia populistisia puoleita, ja ksenofobiset ja maahanmuuttovastaiset asenteet ovat olleet yleistymään päin. Epätoivotuksi katsottua maahanmuuttoa on samanaikaisesti pyritty rajoittamaan ulkomaalaislain muutosten ja hallinnon käytäntöjen tiukentamisen avulla. Nämä muutokset ovat lisänneet siirtolaisten haavoittuvuutta ja rajoittaneet vähemmistöjen oikeuksien toteutumista.
Erityisen haavoittuvassa asemassa ovat ne henkilöt, jotka asuvat Suomessa ilman pysyvää oleskelulupaa sekä turvapaikanhakijat jotka joutuvat elämään pitkiä aikoja, jopa vuosia prekaarissa välitilassa odottaen päätöstä turvapaikkahakemukseensa. Samaan aikaan Suomessa, kuten muuallakin maailmassa, ihmiset ovat nousseet vastarintaan kasvavaa muukalaisvihamielisyyttä vastaan. Siirtolaiset, pakolaiset ja turvapaikanhakijat ovat nousseet ajamaan omia oikeuksiaan, ja uusia yhteiskunnallisia liikkeitä on syntynyt osoittamaan solidarisuutta heille.
Mediassa nämä liikkeet ja protestit esitetään usein vastakkaisena ääripäänä maahanmuuttoa vastaan organisoituneille liikkeille. Työryhmässä haastamme tällaisia mustavalkoisia oletuksia analysoimalla maahanmuuton ympärille syntyneen poliittisen liikehdinnän monimutkaista kenttää. Työryhmässämme käsittelemme aiheita liityen erityisesti poliittisiin liikehditään siirtolaisten ja vähemmistöjen oikeuksien puolesta. Olemme kiinnostuneita aiheista, jotka liittyvät uusiin yhteiskunnallisiin liikkeisiin ja niiden taktiikoihin, verkostoihin ja päätöksentekoon vaikuttamispyrkimyksiin, sekä maahanmuuttajataustaisten ihmisten poliittisen toimijuuden erilaisista muodoista.
3. A workshop on Research Ethics: power, trust and researcher's positionality
Lotta Kokkonen
Sari Pöyhönen
Petteri Laihonen, University of Jyväskylä
Discussing research ethics forms an elementary task for any researcher on migration related themes. For example, issues of power have been widely analysed in the research literature. In addition, the importance of building trust between researchers and research participant has been often noticed and discussed, especially in qualitative, ethnographic research.
Going beyond the technical, methodological or legalistic definitions of Research Ethics, how often do we critically reflect e.g. on the personal relationship between the researcher and the researched? Typically, our publications aim at highlighting the reliability and validity of our research and seldom describe our failures on the field (but see Aaltonen & Högbacka 2015; Duncombe & Jessop 2002; Nairn, Munro & Smith 2005). In addition, on a closer look, it seems there is a need for a re-appraisal of basic concepts such as inclusive research (cf. Nind, 2014).
We invite critical reflections on the researcher-researched relationship from the point of view of power, trust, inclusion and researcher positionality. However, any contributions on research ethics are welcomed. Following the conference theme, discussions of Research Ethics especially around the concepts of Vulnerability, Resilience and Resistance are encouraged.
4. Theoretical and empirical approaches to undocumented migrants in Finland
Katri Gadd, Ph.D. Postdoc Research Fellow, URMI – Urbanization, Mobilities and Immigration, Division of geography, University of Turku
Miriam Tedeschi, Ph.D. Postdoc Research Fellow, URMI – Urbanization, Mobilities and Immigration, Division of geography, University of Turku
Irregular migration is not a new phenomenon in Finland. However, since 2015 it has received more attention as Finland encountered an exceptional inflow of asylum seekers. Some of those who did not get asylum decided to stay in Finland. Jauhiainen et al. (2018) estimated that there were around 3.000-4.000 irregular migrants in Finland in 2017, and their number is likely to grow. This has raised new questions as how the central and local governments could legally and practically address the new challenges the irregular migrants pose. Even if the central government has declared that they are illegal, and, therefore, supposed to leave, in some cases they do not. These so called new undocumented have received final rejection to their residence permit applications by the Supreme Court. Hence, they are only entitled to urgent healthcare and social services. Thus, they rely on helping individuals, NGOs or other third sector actors. Moreover, often these people keep hiding due to the fear of authorities and deportation.
This phenomenon has not been accurately studied in Finland. Nevertheless, it has apparent consequences on the bureaucratic procedures and urban policies that local institutions (municipalities, hospitals, police, schools, non-profit associations, etc.) have to arrange. Local institutions ought to organise practices so that everyone is guaranteed the livelihoods according to the Constitution of Finland, including fulfilment of basic needs as nutrition, shelter, urgent healthcare and social services.
Due to the increasing amount of irregular migrants, and, consequently, to these legal and practical difficulties local institutions meet, the need to come to a better understanding of this phenomenon has now become compelling. Moreover, the increased amount of irregular migrants might have long-term consequences on the society as a whole, which need to be unearthed and thoroughly considered.
Thus, this workshop explores, from a theoretical and an empirical point of view, how all the actors involved – irregular migrants, local municipalities, hospitals, police, schools, non-profit associations, etc. – try to negotiate their own daily survival and socio-spatial justice with laws and regulations. Indeed, the latter is materialised and enacted in radically different, and often conflicting, discourses, narratives, languages, daily practices, and, last but not least, affects and emotions. If irregular migrants need to find strategies to preserve their own life, public institutions also must find their way to guarantee their existence as fully-working systems. The different ways in which all these actors intertwine and might conflict produce a wide range of effects on how public policies on the one hand, and society on the other hand unfold and are challenged by the phenomenon.
We welcome papers addressing the irregular migration in different ways, both theoretical and practical. They can include, but are not restricted to:
- survival strategies of irregular migrants
- human trafficking
- public services' access
- healthcare
- children education
- immigration law
- safety and security
- ethical issues
5. Constructing vulnerable identities
Maija Mustaniemi-Laakso
Viljam Engström
Mikaela Heikkilä
Vulnerability, one of the buzzwords in contemporary human rights discourse, is typically used to refer to vulnerable groups and individuals whose rights are perceived to be at a particular risk of being violated (such as children, refugees and women). Vulnerability is invoked in a strife for substantive equality, by offering special protection to those most in need. Yet, the particularization inherent to this use comes with potential problems, such as selective protection, lowering of the general level of protection, disempowerment, and loss of agency. As such, any identification of vulnerability gathers considerable politico-legal significance.
This paradox opens up for various uses of the concept of vulnerability as a means for making claims to rights. However, it also raises the question of how the vulnerable subject – the vulnerable identity – is constructed. This working group aims to challenge the on-face neutrality of the vulnerability concept and seeks to shed light on the processes through which vulnerable identities are created. Understanding such processes is central for assessing the constitutive role of the vulnerability paradigm as a tool for setting preferences and for exercising authority. An insight into the constitutive power of the vulnerability paradigm is also paramount in order to take a critical stance at vulnerability as a structural element of human rights law.
6. Exploring anti-racist resistance and alternatives
Aminkeng Atabong Alemanji, Åbo Akademi University
Leonardo Custódio, University of Tampere
Minna Seikkula, University of Helsinki
Anti-racist ideas and practices have increasingly become an object of interest in academic research in Finland and beyond. Given this, we suggest that more discussion is needed concerning challenges to conduct research on anti-racist practices. The workshop aims to encourage discussion informed by critical theorizations on race, racism and whiteness as well as methodologies that draw from intersectionality. Further, we welcome discussion on how research on anti-racism translates to practice beyond the university.
The workshop welcomes empirical and theoretical work that focuses on anti-racism – either as resistance to distinct practices of racialized hierarchization and bordering or as creating alternatives to those, for instance, by nurturing subversive identities and subjectivities.
Possible questions to explore in the workshop can entail the following themes but are not limited to these:
- How are anti-racist practices identified in research?
- What kind of embedded understandings of racism research on anti-racism deploys?
- How would anti-racist research practice look like?
- How positionality of researcher shapes research on anti-racism?
- How can academic research on anti-racism contribute to anti-racist practices?
7. Ageing and vulnerability in diverse societies
Ulla Buchert
Anne Kouvonen
Antero Olakivi
Anna-Leena Riitaoja
Rapid population ageing has placed affluent Western societies under novel pressures. Ageing populations mean growing needs for care, support and welfare services, to which societies and states currently answer in the context of dwindling economic resources and/or policies that concentrate on economic austerity. In addition to ageing, Western populations are becoming more diverse and heterogeneous in respect to the migrant and ethnic backgrounds of their residents, mainly due to increased international migration and political recognition of diversities also within the settled majority population.
This workshop invites scholars to examine and discuss these two megatrends, that is, ageing and diversification of Western societies, in tandem. Within this emerging, understudied research area, we especially call for contributions with a focus on the emergence, recognition and management of new social and economic vulnerabilities in the context of population ageing and diversification. Possible topics of contributions include (but are not limited) to the following: barriers of older minority members to receive formal care and other welfare services; informal support networks of older people with migrant or ethnic minority backgrounds; discourses, policies and cultural categorizations that articulate or mitigate forms of diversity in the context of ageing; the construction of ageing and diversity in public services; institutional arrangements targeted for answering the care needs of ageing minorities; inequalities and differences in health, wellbeing, care and social support between ageing minority and majority populations; gendered, class-based and intersectional inequalities within ageing populations; and methodological and ethical challenges when investigating ageing and diversity in tandem.
The workshop welcomes various theoretical approaches and research methods (i.e., qualitative, quantitative and mixed). The language of the workshop is English.
8. 'The others' and vulnerabilities in/of sites of power
Magdalena Kmak (ÅAU, UH)
Witold Klaus (Polish Academy of Sciences)
Vulnerability has recently become an important concept within social sciences, including migration and minority studies. In this context it has often referred to such groups as undocumented children, victims of torture or trafficking. Even though the aim of the vulnerability discourse has been to respond and mitigate these particular vulnerabilities, another discourse has been recently emerging, one that ascribes vulnerability to institutions and sites of power, such as borders. For instance, as part of the EU border policies the Vulnerability Assessment Network has been established in 2016, the aim of which is to connect the Border and Coastguard Agency (former Frontex) with Member States' border control institutions (Article 13 of the Regulation on European Border and Coast Guard Agency). The aim of the framework is to provide vulnerability assessment of the capacity of member states to manage their external borders and prevent development of future crises (frontex.europa.eu).
We invite papers aiming to identify and scrutinize the vulnerability discourses linked not with conditions of individuals (perceived as 'others') and their consequences but used rather to combat them – remove from and prevent of accessing selected places. In the new sense, the concept of vulnerability is connected with the traditionally understood institutions or particular places (like borders and other public spaces) affected by unwelcomed or 'otherised' group of (usually really vulnerable) people. Therefore we would invite the speakers to explore the abuse of the term vulnerability and its linkage with institutions/places as sites of power.
9. Social and institutional trust, vulnerability and resilience in migration research
Eveliina Lyytinen, Senior Researcher, Migration Institute of Finland
Elina Turjanmaa,Doctoral Candidate, University of Helsinki
When people migrate – voluntarily or involuntarily – issues of trust and mistrust often play a part in their experiences. Not only the decision to move, but also the journey, arrival and integration in to a new society include aspects of social and institutional trust. Trust can be, for instance, analyzed as a discursively created emotion and practice which is based on reason, routine and reflexivity. Trust is often associated with risk and vulnerability, and it is also closely interconnected with resilience. When examined, particularly in relation to migration, certain aspects of trust are useful to be critically reflected upon, such as scales and orientations, contexts, individual characteristics, and time.
In the Finnish context, trust towards institutions, as well as towards other people, seems to be higher among immigrant population than among natives. However, migrants' generalized and social trust decreases over time in Finland, approaching the trust levels of natives. In other words, migrants integrate to the general levels of trust in the Finnish society. The studies have shown that several things, such as the country of origin, ethnicity, gender, age, and reasons behind migration, affect migrants' levels of trust.
In forced migration studies, there is debate about how much the culture and society of the refugee's country of origin, which have often been affected by violence and conflict, contributes to social and institutional trust in exile. It has also been suggested that there are varying perceptions as to whether or not there is something inherent in the 'refugee experience' that leads to a shortage of trust. Consequently, mistrust has emerged as an increasing outcome of the study of trust with respect to refugees.
Trust research is an expanding multidisciplinary field, also within migration studies. However, it still faces many challenges, such as the lack of a general theory, the lack of a widely accepted definition of trust, and the lack of a generally accepted measure of trust. These challenges do not hinder trust-related migration research, but rather provide opportunities to critically reflect on the state of trust research, and to expand theoretical and empirical research on migrations and trust.
In this open workshop, we invite papers exploring various aspects of migrations from the perspective of (mis)trust. The theoretical and/or empirical presentations, which can be held in Finnish or in English, may include reflections on:
- How can trust be conceptualized and theorized in (forced/voluntary) migration studies?
- How are issues of trust and mistrust linked with migrants' vulnerability and resilience?
- How does trust vary during the different migratory phases (e.g. departure, journey, arrival, integration)?
- What are the most suitable quantitative and/or qualitative methods to conduct research on trust in migration studies?
10. Tightened Immigration Regimes and Everyday (In)Security: Experiences and Strategies of Vulnerable Migrants and Their Families
Abdirashid Ismail, Senior researcher, Migration Institute of Finland
Johanna Leinonen, Senior researcher, Migration Institute of Finland
Marja Tiilikainen, Senior researcher, Migration Institute of Finland
Immigration is increasingly framed as an issue of national security in Europe. Previous research has scrutinized securitization in a variety of contexts; however, the ways in which people, in particular vulnerable migrants, experience the effect of securitization in their everyday lives has received less attention. Thus, this workshop creates a forum for discussing the impact of the recent tightened immigration policies on the everyday (in)security of vulnerable migrants and their families.
Securitization refers to the ways in which political actors appeal to national security in order to justify measures that would not be acceptable "normally" (Wæver 1995; Buzan et al. 1998). In this workshop, following Crawford and Hutchinson (2015), everyday security is understood as the lived realities resulting from securitizing moves by the state: how individuals interpret, experience, adapt to, and resist security projects, and how they attempt to create their own security in everyday life.
The guiding questions of the workshop include: How do the new immigration policies impact on the everyday security of vulnerable migrants in Europe and their families in the countries of origin? How do the new policies affect the family reunification prospects of vulnerable migrants, or the relationship between migrants and their families both locally and transnationally? How effective are these new policies in countering the "pull factors" in the destination countries? What strategies do vulnerable migrants employ to enhance their social, economic, and emotional security? What resources and networks do they draw upon to organize and improve their everyday security? How do gender, age, migration, class status, and other factors shape the experiences of vulnerable migrants and their families?
This workshop seeks to deepen our knowledge on the interplay between the migration policies of the state and the experiences and agency of vulnerable migrants and their families. It also tries to contribute to the conceptualization of everyday (in)security. Therefore, we seek to attract theoretical, conceptual, and empirical papers drawing on different disciplines that explore the nexus between immigration legislation/policies and everyday (in)security.
11. Critically Re-thinking Professional Development, Wellness and 'Diversity' for Some People in Some Organizations: But Not Others.
Docent David Hoffman, Senior Researcher, PhD, Finnish Institute for Educational Research, University of Jyväskylä.
Johanna Ennser-Kananen, PhD, Research Collegium for Language in Changing Society, Department of Language and Communication Studies & Centre for Applied Language Studies, University of Jyväskylä.
- Where, when and with whom is it safe to open up and be vulnerable in highly competitive settings – or is it ever? Is this different for some individuals from some social backgrounds – but not others?
- Do employees with a migrant background need more resilience than native Finnish counterparts doing exactly the same job in exactly the same position? Or might diversity demand new types of resilience for native-staff? Might state-of-the-art practices regarding wellness help? Are these available to everyone?
- When highly contested discourses like 'diversity' are presented as self evident, uncritically and unproblematic, are we training the next generation to critically engage unquestioned assumptions and resist if warranted? Is it professionally wise to call out discourse that perpetuates a lack of diversity – while paradoxically pretending to promote it? Or does this depend on your social background?
- Does professional development in your field, organization or profession prepare personnel, regardless of their social background, for the unproblematized dilemmas, paradoxes, contradictions and wellness challenges currently avoided within many occupational sectors, organizations or professions? Or is professional development and wellness only meant for some – not others?
Scholars, policy-makers, practitioners, students, and stakeholders interested in critical analysis of professional development, wellness – and the access to both – are welcome to this working group hosted by the Migration, Mobilities and Internationalization Research Group (miGroup) co-located in the Centre for Applied Language Studies (CALS/SOLKI) and the Finnish Institute for Educational Research (FIER/KTL) at the University of Jyväskylä.
12. Placemaking through active refugee positions
Lisa Ekmann, NORD University, PhD candidate, Norway
Refugee youth of today have been subjected into problematizing and marginalizing discourses by the majority culture. Defining refugees as traumatized victims can alienate refugees from inclusion into society (Hutchinson & Dorsett, 2012; Sleijpen, Boeije, Kleber, & Mooren, 2016). Migration studies should avoid "group imaginations" that solely refer to national and ethnic belongings without inquiring into context and individual background (Youkhana, 2015). Young refugees own experiences according to the integration process has earlier received little attention. There has been a call for a shift toward positioning young migrants as active agents of social inclusion (Kirpitchenko & Mansouri, 2014), with self-determination, growth potential, and sense of agency. The notion of resilience can shed light on these aspects (Munt, 2012), referring to protective factors that explain how people adapt to adverse conditions. Refugee resilience is often understood in reference to individual, inner traits alone. It should emphasis both refugee people's personal strengths and abilities, external supports, and incorporate anti-oppressive inclusive practices that reinforce refugee resilience, rather than emphasize refugee trauma.
Refugees struggle with notions of identity, belonging, attachment and local community. The necessity to belong to groups is crucial. People who have a strong sense of community have increased chances of remaining well. The notion of translocality refer to relationships among people within a place through everyday activities. The local is a base for experiences and meaning making, but social networks and relations to other places also are a part of how people attach to a new place (Mathisen & Stenbacka, 2015). In turn, the practices and identities of young people are active in shaping and reshaping places. Individuals engage in placemaking when they construct knowledge and meanings in relation to the various places they encounter, and involves understanding oneself in relation to these places. Placemaking is about world-making in a broad sense, the practice has the power to create spheres of family, community, and belonging. Each act of placemaking embodies a vision of who we are and offers a hope of what we want to be as individuals and as groups who share a place in the world (Denov & Akesson, 2013).
Relevant questions for the workshop could be:
- How does refugees utilise diverse pathways to construct personal resilience?
- How does protective factors enhance a person's capacity to adapt to and make relations on a new place?
- How does individual background and local context interplay in the process of social inclusion?
- How are inclusive and exclusive mechanisms on a new place crucial to the ability to perform active refugee positions?
- How could inclusion be understood in different geographical or social contexts (for instance in a local community, at the work place/school, in the social network)
- How does the relation to earlier "stretched out places" make preconditions for meaning-making and building relations on a new place?
- How does refugees connect with others and create a sense of community, thereby creating a place for one self?
The workshop also welcomes discussions of how these questions could be managed methodologically.
13. Categorizations of Migrants: Ideologies, Negotiations and Consequences
Päivi Iikkanen
Katarzyna Kärkkäinen
Nina Sivunen
Katharina Ruuska
Categorization is a device that helps us organize naturally "messy" everyday experiences (Douglas 2000: 46-52). As people try to overcome this mess, they give meanings and divide things into different categories using various classification systems. According to Sacks, Jefferson and Schegloff (1992: 40) "a great deal of the knowledge that members of a society have about the society is stored in terms of these categories". The wealth of knowledge stored in the categories forms a cultural fund of knowledge, by utilizing which, people construct their understanding of the society, themselves and others (Juhila 2004: 21).
Although categorization can help us organize the messy reality, it may have adverse consequences on the individuals being placed in certain categories. The social category of 'immigrant' is used to describe people of hugely varied backgrounds, forcing individuals to negotiate their position in society in relation to these assumed characteristics (Huttunen 2004: 138-139). On the other hand, bearing markers of a high social status (e.g. Western origin, skills in high-status languages such as English, background of voluntary migration) can lead to people not being perceived as 'immigrants' at all (Leinonen 2012: 249). For example, it has been suggested (Ekqvist & Pylkkä 2016: 56) that Finnish professionals who work with immigrants often categorize their customers on the basis of their reason for migrating. Refugees may be seen as reflecting a "stronger" immigrant status than people who have come to Finland because of marriage, work or study.
The aim of this workshop is to shed light on how different groups of migrants may be categorized, how individuals negotiate their identities and position in response to these categorizations, and what role e.g. language and ideologies play in this process. We are interested, for example, in how processes of categorization are related to educational or career opportunities, the types of public services offered, the general reception of newcomers by the larger society, as well as renegotiations of category-based identities. Contexts discussed include highly proficient adult speakers and users of Finnish as a second language, English-speaking voluntary migrants, deaf migrants and asylum seekers, as well as migrants in vocational education, and we invite further contributions relevant to the topic of the workshop.
Languages of the workshop: Finnish, English, Finnish sign language.


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Claiming Compensation for a Fall in a Public Place
The owner of any public place such as a shop, library or school has a legal duty to minimise the risk of an accident on their premises. Falls are one of the most common causes of accidental injury and are also one of the most avoidable, yet despite this every year thousands of people are injured by avoidable falls in public places. If you have been injured as a result of falling in a public place then you may be entitled to claim compensation if your accident was not your fault.
You can find more detailed information on claiming compensation for a fall here or explore the links below for further advice and information on your specific situation. Please call us for a confidential, free, no obligation chat if you would like to discuss your options further and we can advise you how we can help.


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Share on ThriftyFunThis page contains the following solutions. Have something to add? Please share your solution!
I have a storage unit which was half full but still costs me the same each month. Then, I have a small apt. full of supplies I don't need till I need them, cluttering up my life.
I promised myself I would write more this year and so far, only one thing has made it to paper. The TV, kitchen, and computer are all distractions. So...
With a gimped up hand and way more time than I wanted it to take, I took all the supplies to storage and once again put my home in a state of upheaval, but it was so worth it!
I don't have any "steps or stages" photos, so this might end up a just a share. But it proves that you can do what I did with even a small space. I call it my reading, writing, thinking, and hiding room.
Total Time: 2 Days
I have been a member of ThriftyFun for many, many years. I have never really commented. I love your posts Sandy. I find all your decorating ideas so inspirational. Every time I get my Thrifty Fun newsletters in and see a new post with your name it's like getting in a new magazine in the mail. I really look forward to it. I love your cozy hideaway.
Wow, wish I had a 4 1/2' x 6' closet! Lots of possibilities
Well isn't that the sweetest thing to say. Thanks. Next is my balcony just as soon as it stops raining!! Sandi


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The Liaison Committee met Thursday September 14 at Alliance Title Parkcenter. Some of the issues discussed included:
1. Jim discussed the proposed changes to Rules 25 and 56 that center on the cancelation fee issue (copies attached). The changes to date reflect the discussion from the hearing on the matter. Additional comments can be made by September 20. The DOI has received no additional comments from the hearing so a 2nd hearing has not been scheduled. Martin indicted he is working with the realtors and some comments may be submitted.
2. Jim also indicated there was no unique consumer issues at this time and that filings and exams are proceeding in the ordinary course. Jim did advise that the regional DOI group still has an open investigation on the products that Fidelity National Agency Services is providing but he was not in a position to report any findings or conclusions.
3. Martin advised our flat fee clarification bill will be a focus for the upcoming session. The fee beyond the 30 page benchmark will be addressed as well as issues like some Counties charging full fee for a re-recorded document, stand-alone substitution of trustee recordings, and similar unique interpretations by the Counties.
4. The HOA fee issue will be headed by the realtors in conjunction with the ILTA and lenders. They are still working on draft language but the timeline to provide, fees, content of the information provided are all issues addressed in Florida's estoppel certificate bill. A condensed version of Florida's bill might be appropriate as many of the issues are similar.
5. The ILTA will also be bringing an amendment to employee reimbursements. Martin met with the DOI on options to address including reimbursements for the escrow/closing side together with the title insurance reimbursement.
6. Straggler Counties on e-recordings will also be addressed. It appears the list has been whittled down to two – Nez Perce and Shoshone. The Association of Counties is at a loss on how to get these two Counties to move on the topic so a bill looks likely. Martin is looking to have legislators in these Counties sponsor the legislation.
7. Another project the Legislative Committee is reviewing is a short form Death Certificate that could be recorded. This issue is similar to the one advanced by the Counties last year regarding the non probate affidavit. The new issue comes out of Latah County.
8. John advised that ALTA expressed concern with the impact of fires in our region. Comments indicated that Idaho was relatively spared other than heavy smoke. However, our friends in Montana experienced some property damage and there were areas that had to be evacuated. This information was passed on to ALTA.
9. John also brought up e-closings as some members expressed that lenders were discussing e-closings but it was not apparent that full e-closings have materialized. Remote notary was discussed and there are a number of states looking to address this issue. E-closings in full is lurking but there are still many moving parts.
10. The ITP program was discussed. There was some discussion that there are a number of experienced and seasoned professionals in our industry that may not qualify for the designation as they fall short on ILTA and ALTA participation. An alternate certificate for longevity was discussed along with possible grandfathering subject to the renewal requirements. However, the participation component is just one component and there are opportunities to accumulate points – i.e. via call in for liaison meetings, attending seminars which will become easier as the ILTA is advancing regional trainings beginning this fall (tentative dates late October or early November for eastern and northern Idaho). The ITP program is designed in part to increase participation. The ITP and NTP are based on a combination of experience; attendance at conventions, seminars and other programs; education; and, authoring and presenting. The focus is on participation and commitment versus just being interested from the sidelines.
11. Mark your calendar for the 2018 Ed Seminar on March 8-9 at the Grove Hotel – Thursday/Friday format.
12. Mark your calendar for the 2018 Pacific NW Convention hosted by the ILTA at the Coeur d' Alene Resort August 2-4.
13. The next meeting is scheduled for 10:00 Thursday October 19 at the DOI. It will be call in available – with call in info identified later.
Thanks. John


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Mark 'Ski' Struczewski is a Productivity Problem Solver. He is a productivity and time management specialist, accountability partner, speaker, author, trainer, and workshop facilitator who helps entrepreneurs, corporations, small businesses and individuals take their productivity to the next level. He is also the host of The Mark Struczewski Podcast, a productivity-themed podcast.
Mark is the author of two books, How to Overcome Roadblocks on the Path to Your Success in 2014 and A Succès Fou Life: What It Is And How You Can Live It in 2011.
His passion is to teach people how to become productive and therefore achieve their goals and dreams. No matter who you are, what you do, or where you are, anyone can improve their productivity. Mark's obsession is to help the world become a more productive place…one person at a time.


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Others have taken a similar stance, such as in the case of musician Diana Levine, who lost an arm after an improper IV administration of a drug ("The Court Confronts a Grievous Injury", New York Times, Nov. 7, 2008).
Now, nine scientists at the Food and Drug Administration have written a letter to President-elect Barack Obama and his transition team, alleging gross mismanagement at the agency that has "placed the American public at risk."
FDA scientists allege mismanagement at agency
Jan. 9, 2009
From Louise Schiavone
WASHINGTON (CNN) -- Nine scientists at the Food and Drug Administration have written a letter to President-elect Barack Obama and his transition team, alleging gross mismanagement at the agency that has "placed the American public at risk."
FDA scientists wrote a letter to President-elect Barack Obama, saying the agency is "fundamentally broken."
The agency is "fundamentally broken" and "failing to fulfill its mission," according to a copy of the six-page letter obtained by CNN.
The scientists work in the FDA's Center for Devices and Radiological Health, which regulates items ranging from rubber gloves and contact lenses to heart stents and mammogram machines.
The scientists claim that "the scientific review process for medical devices at FDA has been corrupted and distorted by current FDA managers, thereby placing the American people at risk."
"Currently, there is an atmosphere at FDA in which the honest employee fears the dishonest employee, and not the other way around," the letter said. "Disturbingly, the atmosphere does not yet exist at FDA where honest employees committed to integrity and the FDA mission can act without fear of reprisal."
Among the charges:
• Scientists and doctors have been threatened and told, on occasion, to ignore FDA regulations.
• Devices have not been properly labeled.
• Managers without appropriate experience have been given authority to make final decisions about device regulation and have done so while ignoring serious safety and effectiveness concerns.
• FDA experts have been excluded from product meetings because manufacturers felt that they were "biased."
• Manufacturers have been allowed to market their products without FDA approval.
An internal investigation of the charges, the scientists said, has resulted "in absolutely nothing: No one was held accountable, no appropriate or effective actions have been taken, and the same managers who engaged in the wrongdoing remain in place and have been rewarded and promoted."
I believe this aligns with and perhaps validates a number of observations made about FDA on this blog such as at posts "Staring Idiocy In The Face: The FDA As The Gold Standard, Or Tin Plated Emperor?" and perhaps at "Computer debacle: a Broken down process at the agency - or beyond?" as well.
In effect, the CEO of one of the largest medical device R&D and manufacturing companies, one of the world's largest pharmas, and others may be trying to pass the buck to three famous doctors:
Meet Dr. Moe, Dr. Larry and Dr. Curley.


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There are a few supplies you will need for this recipe:
- 5 C flour
- 2 tsp baking powder
- 1 tsp salt
- 1 1/2 C soft unsalted butter
- 2 C granulated sugar
- 4 eggs
- Candy Corn
- #5 round tip
- 4 egg whites
- 2 C powder sugar
- 1 tsp cream of tartar
- Orange, golden yellow & black gel food coloring
- Candy eyes
- Cream the soft butter with the sugar until the combination is smooth not grainy to the touch in a mixing bowl.
- Add all 4 eggs at one time...Continue to mix. -Add the vanilla.. Continue mixing.
- Sift the four, baking powder, and salt together.
- Add the dry mixture to the wet mixture.
- Continue mixing to make sure all ingredients are thoroughly blended.
- Make the dough into a ball, wrap it in cling wrap completely covering the entire dough ball.
- Put in the refrigerator for about 6 hours or overnight. Check to see if the dough is firm.
- Preheat oven to 325 degrees.
- Pull the cookie dough out of the refrigerator and sit it out to soften up a bit.
- Put flour out on the wood cutting board, rub flour on the rolling pin, and work some flour into the batter. (if necessary).
- Roll the dough out on the cutting board and using your cookie cutter begin to make your cookies.
- Line the cookie sheet with parchment paper.
- Using a metal spatula move the cut cookie to the parchment lined cookie sheet.
- Bake at 325 degrees for 8 minutes. Check to see if the cookies are thoroughly baked.
- Remove cookies from the cookie sheet and put on a wire rack to completely cool.
- Combine all ingredients in a mixing bowl mixing on medium speed for 4 minutes. (except your food coloring)
- If icing is not stiff enough add 1/4 C powder sugar.
- Pull out 6 bowls and begin to divide the icing.
- Bowl #1, put 4 TBSP of icing in, add several drops of black gel food coloring stirring well until all of the color is blended. Divide the rest of the icing equally between three bowls.
- Bowl #2, add several drops of orange gel food coloring stirring well until all of the color is blended. Bowl #3, add several drops of golden yellow gel food coloring stirring well until all of the color is blended. The last bowl of icing it remains white.
- Spoon each of the icings into individual frosting bags with a #5 tips.... twist the open end of the bag to push the icing to the tip.
- Follow the colors and accent colors as displayed on each cookie.
- First step for each cookie is to outline them .
- Allow the icing outline at least 30 seconds to dry before filling that part of the cookie in with the other icing*. ( After outlining all of these cookies you squeeze some the remaining icing into a bowl and add the 1 tsp of water and mix well to get the right consistency .) Leave some of the icing in the frosting bag for additional accent work on each of the cookies. Using a butter knife to spread it from the outlined part inwards to the center.
- Outline the top third of the candy corn in white.
- Using the thinner icing fill in the top third of the candy corn in white icing. Allow to dry slightly.
- Outline the center part of the candy corn with orange. Allow this to dry slightly before filling it in with orange icing. Allow to dry a little bit.
- Outline the bottom third of the candy corn in golden yellow allowing it to dry slightly before filling this part in with more golden yellow icing.
- Using black icing draw a mouth and two eye brows. Place the candy eyes under the eye brows.
- Allow 5-10 hours to dry.


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Some things will forever be a mystery to me. For instance, why do some recipes call for sweet butter (unsalted) and then tell you to add salt to the batter? I have run across many recipes that make that puzzling request.
If I happen to have unsalted butter, I use it. But if I don't, I just use regular butter and put a little less salt in the dish than is called for. I, for one, cannot taste the difference. I know there are some cooks out there who are amazed at my cavalier attitude toward this problem.
I don't understand why some people make the art of barbecuing and smoking meat into almost a cult. I like a blackened hot dog better than most, but I also like my food to taste like it really tastes. So smoking the meat and dripping it in sauces doesn't really float my boat. I can't tell you the number of books, smokers, recipes and condiments my husband has gone through to get at some point of perfection in meat that he can taste but I can't.
But I take umbrage at some things which I am sure others find of little importance.
For instance, I have heard lately on the radio and in television commercials sentences similar to this. "I can run faster than him."
That sentence and sentences similar to that drive me crazy, while most people don't see one thing wrong with it.
It should read, "I can run faster than he." Why you ask? Simply supply the missing or understood words and you will see.
What the sentence is saying is that I can run faster than he can run fast. The speaker just left out the last three words. But it should be obvious, when the whole sentence is written out, that he is the subject of the second clause and, therefore, the pronoun should be in the nominative case.
And I know some of you are saying to yourself, "but that doesn't sound right." I tell you what I told my students for over 30 years, "It's not what sounds right; it's what is right.
In the following sentence, him is the correct pronoun. "Mary gave me more candy than him." If you put in the understood words, the sentence would read, "Mary gave more candy than she gave him." This time the pronoun is the object of the verb in the second clause and should be in the objective case.
You can't just assume that an objective case pronoun follow the word "than." You must, in your mind, supply the missing words to find the correct pronoun.
You are now saying to yourself that that piece of knowledge is about as trivial as my concerns about sweet and salted butter.
But you are judged on how you speak far more often than you are judged on your cooking skills.
For years, my freshman and sophomore English classes diagrammed sentences. It's a dying art, I know. Probably most newly graduated language arts teachers today cannot diagram a sentence.
But I think I speak for the majority of my students when I say that they found it fun. We would labor over long sentences, discuss what word an adverb really modified, draw and erase lines, and then the chosen few would get to diagram the sentences on the blackboard. (That should be a clue as to how long ago this was. Who uses a blackboard anymore?) One time we diagrammed the first sentence of the "Preamble" to the Constitution. That's one long sentence, over 50 words.
It's like solving a giant puzzle. It is so satisfying to see that sentence reduced to its bare bones and every word put in its proper place. If you can diagram a sentence correctly, you understand the use of every word in that sentence. You know that sentence backwards and forwards.
Being able to see that sentence in its skeletal condition, as it were, gives the students an additional advantage. If you can see each sentence reduced to its phrases and clauses in correct order, you understand that sentence's structure, and you can punctuate that sentence perfectly.
I'm sorry that students and teachers are so busy teaching and studying for the test that they don't have time for something fun like diagramming.
Paula Travis is a retired teacher from the Newton County School System. She can be contacted at firstname.lastname@example.com.


text:
Live every week like it's Fashion Week!
Fashion Week is over and I am still reeling from the sheer fabulosity of it all. I can happily say "Au revoir BCBG"… I've graduated to bigger and better things. From finally becoming a headset girl, Janice Combs calling me, "the cutest little thing," to Lynn Yaegers granddaughter? telling me I was "absolutely stunning and beautiful" to chatting it up with everyone from Santogold to Sandra Bernhardt, I'm still glowing. So much so that I've opted not to go out tonight because I'm utterly and completely exhausted.
I dreaded Fashion week because I felt everyone would take the recession literally. From Marc Jacobs downsizing his show to numerous designers forgoing their after parties all together I felt like Zelda Fitzgerald with a champagne glass snatched out of my hand and someone announcing the end of fabulous decadence. So I applaud the designers who, despite these tough times BROUGHT IT.


text:
Council turns on the lights
On Monday, the lights will go on. -more-
On Monday, the lights will go on. -more-
With his eye on the prison system Oakland singer/activist Steve Harris brings his politically-charged music and poetry to Berkeley's La Pena Cultural Center tonight. -more-
Someone check the fire extinguishers in the Cal locker room. They could be all used up from cooling off the Bears at halftime. -more-
About 60 pro-Palestinian UC Berkeley students and supporters gathered on the steps of Sproul Hall Wednesday calling on the university to drop conduct charges against 32 student activists who participated in the April 9 occupation of Wheeler Hall. -more-
The Oakland Ballet's program 2, featuring two world premieres and two company premieres, made for an entertaining evening of dance last weekend at Oakland's opulent Paramount Theatre. Of the four pieces, the most successful were Agnes de Mille's "Three Virgins and a Devil" and Mexican choreographer Gloria Contreras' "Opus 45." -more-
Chris Huffins, former NCAA decathlon champion at Cal and current assistant track & field coach at Georgia Tech, will return to Berkeley as the school's new director of track and field and cross country, Cal Athletic Director Steve Gladstone announced Wednesday. -more-
Berkeley police officers and firefighters endorsed Mayor Shirley Dean Wednesday in her bid for re-election. -more-
SAN RAFAEL — A former Lucasfilm employee faces 13 felony counts of theft for allegedly stealing sound effects recordings, images, video files and the musical score to the movie "Star Wars: Episode II — Attack of the Clones." -more-
If all goes well, the 69 residents of UA Homes who were displaced by fire in August will be able to return home next week. -more-
LOS ANGELES — With a deadly sniper terrorizing the suburbs of the nation's capital, 20th Century Fox has decided to delay the release of a thriller about people being pinned down in a phone booth by a gunman they can't see. -more-
UNITED NATIONS — The United States came under a barrage of criticism Wednesday as the Security Council held an open debate at the behest of dozens of countries angry with the Bush administration's threat to attack Iraq. -more-
A 32-year-old East Bay woman was killed in a possible suicide attempt when an Amtrak passenger train struck her Toyota pick-up truck at Camelia Street in Berkeley at 9:45 p.m. Tuesday. -more-
OAKLAND – A 17-year-old boy suspected of shooting an Oakland police officer in the head last month made his first appearance in Alameda County Superior Court Wednesday. -more-
n Carjacking -more-
OAKLAND – BART police say a woman was struck and killed by a train as she walked on the tracks at the West Oakland Station Wednesday afternoon. -more-
ANAHEIM — With civic pride and a lot of publicity about their World Series bet at stake, San Francisco Mayor Willie Brown refused to wear mouse ears. -more-
BRISBANE — A woman who had lived with her husband for more than a decade in a 300-year-old oak tree on San Bruno Mountain will move into temporary housing. -more-
Ferry proposal to increase service -more-
SACRAMENTO — A majority of California nursing homes fail to meet federal standards and nearly half have not met minimum nurse-staffing levels set by the state, a review by a health care group found. -more-
SAN FRANCISCO — The West Coast port shutdown was not a calamity for all involved: food banks from San Francisco to New York City are finding pantries fat with tons of perishables that never made it to market. -more-
SAN FRANCISCO — It's a familiar story: generic upstarts shaking a long-established industry left vulnerable by expired patents on blockbuster products. -more-
SACRAMENTO — The California Energy Commission and the California Power Authority have set up a program to distribute $1.25 million in grants for schools to install rooftop solar energy systems, officials said Wednesday. -more-
SACRAMENTO — California is getting a $2.3 million federal grant to expand benefits and continue group crisis counseling for family members and survivors of last year's terrorist attacks, officials said Wednesday. -more-
LOS ANGELES — An Orange County tourist who narrowly avoided being caught in the deadly Bali nightclub bombing that killed his friend returned to California on Wednesday, breaking into sobs as people told him, "It's good to have you back." -more-
BAGRAM, Afghanistan — U.S. troops are giving confiscated weapons and ammunition to warlords in Afghanistan, a practice that critics say strengthens private militias and undermines attempts to establish a national army. -more-
U.S. handing over weapons as Afghan military struggles 10-17-2002
Three hunters dead, one missing in North Dakota 10-16-2002
Police deluged with calls about sniper 10-15-2002
Oakland narcotics officer axed for drugs 10-14-2002
Sports This Week 10-14-2002
Police Brief 10-12-2002
High School talks safety 10-11-2002
Council turns on the lights David Scharfenberg 10-17-2002
Bush against Saddam? James K. Sayre 10-17-2002
Politics aren't always Black & White J. I. Ward 10-17-2002
Calendar 10-17-2002
Bears searching for second-half answers Jared Green Daily Planet Staff 10-17-2002
UC students urge Wheeler charges dropped David Scharfenberg 10-17-2002
Responding to the challenge Shirley Dean, Berkeley mayor 10-17-2002
The ballet makes for entertaining evening Daily Planet Wire Service 10-17-2002
Huffins named Cal track coach Special to the Daily Planet 10-17-2002
Public safety groups endorse Dean Matthew Artz 10-17-2002
A clarification, mayor Neil S. Mayer 10-17-2002
Lucasfilm employee arrested The Associated Press 10-17-2002
Fire victims set to go home Sophia Tareen 10-17-2002
Sniper attacks prompt thriller delay Anthony Breznican The Associated Press 10-17-2002
Iraq's neighbors oppose conflict Dafna Linzer The Associated Press 10-17-2002
Train accidents kill two in East Bay Matthew Artz 10-17-2002
Murder suspect makes first court appearance Daily Planet Wire Service 10-17-2002
Police Briefs 10-17-2002
Woman killed on Bart tracks at West Oakland station Daily Planet Wire Service 10-17-2002
Baseball bet tests civic pride Kate Berry The Associated Press 10-17-2002
Tree-squatter moves into housing The Associated Press 10-17-2002
Bay Area Briefs 10-17-2002
California nursing homes below standards The Associated Press 10-17-2002
Food pantries benefit from port squabbles Justin Pritchard The Associated Press 10-17-2002
Generic weed killers fight for dollars Paul Elias The Associated Press 10-17-2002
State announces grants for schools The Associated Press 10-17-2002
State receives $2.3 million for counseling The Associated Press 10-17-2002
Bali tourist returns home The Associated Press 10-17-2002
Another UC strike considered By David Scharfenberg Daily Planet Staff 10-16-2002
Is today a 'rainy day' for UC? Susan Peabody Boalt Hall School of Law 10-16-2002
Calendar 10-16-2002
Alameda proves to be more than a pushover By Dominic Perrone Daily Planet Correspondent 10-16-2002
City rediscovers budget deficit By Matthew Artz Daily Planet Staff 10-16-2002
Iraq links to al-Qaida could be useful to U.S. Fred Foldvary Berkeley 10-16-2002
The Bonds dilemma: pitch to him or not to pitch to him By Ronald Blum The Associated Press 10-16-2002
School board raise hinges on voters By David Scharfenberg Daily Planet Staff 10-16-2002
We want more protests Howard Oggman Berkeley 10-16-2002
Berkeley smoking ban to begin in November By Matthew Artz Daily Planet Staff 10-16-2002
Why sacrifice Berkeley for sprawl? Bob Kubik Berkeley 10-16-2002
Senator: Park Service must explain By Matt GourasThe Associated Press 10-16-2002
Oakland school district hires advisor to find missing money Daily Planet Wire Service 10-16-2002
Juvenile suspected of shooting officer Daily Planet Wire Service 10-16-2002
Lawmakers urged to legalize undocumented workers By Deborah Kong The Associated Press 10-16-2002
Opening statements today in Bonds' ball lawsuit Daily Planet Wire Services 10-16-2002
Accused family-killer blames tragedy on faulty accelerator The Associated Press 10-16-2002
Bay Area Briefs 10-16-2002
Nursing home regulators set stricter rules for elderly care By Jennifer Coleman The Associated Press 10-16-2002
S.F. supervisors approve Olympic bid Daily Planet Wire Service 10-16-2002
State has 58 of nation's fastest-growing companies By Jennifer Coleman The Associated Press 10-16-2002
Pressplay adds BMG catalog to online music By Ron Harris The Associated Press 10-16-2002
Jet-powered train could speed across nation By Laurence Arnold The Associated Press 10-16-2002
DNA evidence doesn't match Zodiac suspect The Associated Press 10-16-2002
Nevada protests result in charges The Associated Press 10-16-2002
Suspected terror cell member pleads innocent The Associated Press 10-16-2002
Trial opens for toxicologist accused of killing husband By Seth Hettena The Associated Press 10-16-2002
Mauna Loa stirring, scientists warn eruption could be dangerous The Associated Press 10-16-2002
Satellite rescue beacons soon to be widely available By David Ho The Associated Press 10-16-2002
David Letterman gets his wish By David Bauder The Associated Press 10-16-2002
Thermometer exchange considered Matthew Artz 10-15-2002
What's with the fast food ban? M. Breunig 10-15-2002
Calendar 10-15-2002
Giants finish off Cards on way to World Series Ben Walker The Associated Press 10-15-2002
UC deals clericals final wage offer David Scharfenberg 10-15-2002
Starbucks strategy Raymond Barglow 10-15-2002
World Series tickets on sale Daily Planet Wire Service 10-15-2002
Accusations fly between campaigns Matthew Artz 10-15-2002
Learning English Saul Grabia 10-15-2002
Rams hand Raiders first loss of season, pick up first win Jim Suhr The Associated Press 10-15-2002
Berkeley workers support strikes David Scharfenberg 10-15-2002
Berkeley's role in regional growth Robert Clear 10-15-2002
Orange County man missing after Saturday's Bali bombing Amanda Riddle The Associated Press 10-15-2002
Health officials plan cancer survey The Associated Press 10-15-2002
Arcata follows Berkley lead on war in Iraq The Associated Press 10-15-2002
Defense Agency lights up East Bay The Associated Press 10-15-2002
Victim stable after shooting in East Bay Daily Planet Wire Service 10-15-2002
Suspect arrested following East Bay crime spree Daily Planet Wire Service 10-15-2002
Giant pumpkin sets new record Daily Planet Wire Service 10-15-2002
Bay Area Briefs 10-15-2002
Simon says he's sorry for photo Erica Werner The Associated Press 10-15-2002
Slow going for ports despite dockworkers return Angela Watercutter The Associated Press 10-15-2002
Microsoft and Linux gaining momentum from Unix servers Matthew Fordahl The Associated Press 10-15-2002
Coast Guard survey looks for vulnerabilities in nation's ports The Associated Press 10-15-2002
Up to 11 bodies found in train car in Iowa Amy Lorentzen The Associated Press 10-15-2002
Lecturers picket, strike at five UC campuses Margie Mason The Associated Press 10-15-2002
Brain size linked to stress disorder Andrew Bridges The Associated Press 10-15-2002
Simon leans on family and faith Erica Werner The Associated Press 10-15-2002
Charter schools work to seek accreditation Jessica Brice The Associated Press 10-15-2002
News of meat recall spreads to consumers Mary Claire Dale The Associated Press 10-15-2002
News of meat recall spreads to consumers Mary Claire Dale The Associated Press 10-15-2002
LaPaglia reverses his own vanishing Lynn Elber The Associated Press 10-15-2002
Cost of UC student hearings mounts By Elizabeth Gettelman 10-14-2002
Questioning a school board candidate Ann McDonald-Cacho 10-14-2002
Calendar 10-14-2002
Second-half woes continue as Bears fall to USC By Ken Peters 10-14-2002
Activist-turned-moderate is 8th District front-runner By David Scharfenberg 10-14-2002
A vote for Camejo David Heller 10-14-2002
Muñoz scores in overtime to lead Cal over Huskies By Jared Green 10-14-2002
Local anti-terrorism efforts begin By Shani Aminah Moore 10-14-2002
Oakland's housing crunch could mirror Berkeley's Frank Davis 10-14-2002
Lady Bears suffer another shutout Daily Planet Wire Services 10-14-2002
Blasts renew fears of al-Qaida By Irwan Firdous 10-14-2002
High prices can hurt a city Pat Boyd 10-14-2002
Pac-10 Football Roundup 10-14-2002
Briefcase not a bomb Melissa McRobbie 10-14-2002
Sports Shorts 10-14-2002
87th murder in Oakland Compiled from staff and wire reports. 10-14-2002
Police Briefs Matthew Artz 10-14-2002
New water pipeline eases fears of shortage Daily Planet Wire Service 10-14-2002
New BART fare gates to debut at Concord station Daily Planet Wire Service 10-14-2002
Big business going organic The Associated Press 10-14-2002
Bay Area Briefs 10-14-2002
State Briefs 10-14-2002
Report: Davis appointees gave $12 million to his campaign The Associated Press 10-14-2002
Ancient camels? In Long Beach? The Associated Press 10-14-2002
Dockworkers keep strong grip despite setback By Justin Pritchard 10-14-2002
California unemployment falls slightly The Associated Press 10-14-2002
Car hits church The Associated Press 10-14-2002
Citizen initiative process is now widely criticized By David Crary 10-14-2002
Astronauts work on space station's outdoor plumbing By Marcia Dunn 10-14-2002
California sisters run for Congress By Chelsea J. Carter 10-14-2002
"Anything goes" radio may be a thing of the past The Associated Press 10-14-2002
Indigenous reflect on hard times By Brian Kluepfel 10-12-2002
A challenge to Mayor Dean Tom Bates 10-12-2002
Berkeley High illustrates 1930s-style Art Deco Susan Cerny 10-12-2002
Tin Hat Trio; A musical ride into the sunset By Charles Ferris 10-12-2002
Calendar 10-12-2002
Jackets slam Encinal By Jared Green 10-12-2002
The Search for Healing By Matthew Artz 10-12-2002
Even more coffee talk Michael Katz 10-12-2002
Kissing your sister: St. Mary's ties with Oakland Tech By Dominic Perrone 10-12-2002
Anti-war protests continue By Marton Dunai 10-12-2002
Thanks for the briefs Phil Guba 10-12-2002
Cal (4-2, 1-1 Pac-10) vs. USC (3-2, 1-1 Pac-10) Jared Green 10-12-2002
High school's new schedule still uncertain By David Scharfenberg 10-12-2002
Sniper manhunt expands to suburbs By Deborah Hastings 10-12-2002
Bay Area Briefs 10-12-2002
Former SFO security goes job hunting By Karen Gaudette 10-12-2002
Moving freight from west to east presents challenge By Brad Foss 10-12-2002
$484 million bill for California finance company By Don Thompson 10-12-2002
Fast food moratorium may be lifted By Matthew Artz 10-11-2002
Reddy's sentence in jeopardy Women Against Sexual Slavery 10-11-2002
Rhythm & rhyme By Jane Yin 10-11-2002
Calendar 10-11-2002
Panthers mount amazing comeback over Salesian By Jared Green 10-11-2002
Teacher union OKs 6 periods By David Scharfenberg 10-11-2002
Coffee debate continues Mark Tarses 10-11-2002
Burns tribute makes its way to Broadway By Mark Evans 10-11-2002
Piedmont sweeps St. Mary's By Jared Green 10-11-2002
Bay Area protests war resolution By Judith Scherr 10-11-2002
Playing field management needs some work Carolyn Sell 10-11-2002
Viacom plans multimedia campaign combating AIDS The Associated Press 10-11-2002
Scoreboard 10-11-2002
Bates faces campaign finance allegations By Kurtis Alexander 10-11-2002
Sports This Weekend 10-11-2002
Board of Education attacks Bush legislation By David Scharfenberg 10-11-2002
Tree-sitter dead after 50-foot fall By Angela Atercutter 10-11-2002
Tribe declares emergency over Klamath fish kill By Don Thompson 10-11-2002
Residents reflect on hate crime at gay center By Matthew Artz 10-11-2002
Rash of peeping toms and burglaries hits town By Matthew Artz 10-11-2002
'Father of frozen foods' fondly remembered 10-11-2002
Police Briefs 10-11-2002
Settlement talks fail again; Bonds ball headed for trial By Ron Harris 10-11-2002
Oakland may house fuel business for United 10-11-2002
Bay Area Briefs 10-11-2002
State Briefs 10-11-2002
Simon expresses regret, but takes no blame for allegation By Erica Werner 10-11-2002
More students passed exit exam than first reported The Associated Press 10-11-2002
Jurors say death penalty for Stayner was logical By Brian Melley 10-11-2002
Shippers don't see longshoremen slowdown By Justin Pritchard 10-11-2002
Two former WorldCom execs plead guilty in accounting fraud By Devlin Barrett 10-11-2002
Education may be unifying issue for diverse Hispanic voters By Linda Ashton 10-11-2002
Official: U.S. would give Israel 72 hours notice before attack By Mark Lavie 10-11-2002
Al-Qaida's message focuses on Iraq By Dafna Linzer 10-11-2002
Sacramento grapples with temptations of Proposition 51 By Jim Wasserman 10-11-2002
FDA advises that gene therapy trials go forward for bubble boy disease By Lauran Neergaard 10-11-2002
Computers spare students from lugging heavy school books By Martha Irvine 10-11-2002
Anti-tax group sues Davis By Jennifer Coleman 10-11-2002