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The dog days of summer have provided a nice opportunity to commemorate the academic year that was in various ways. For example, The Daily Caller's College Stupidity Awards provided an impressive collection of folly and futility. The High School Stupidity Awards also offered sad-but-comical amusement.
However nothing — nothing — compares to the lunacy and outrageously cringe-worthy poor judgment on display, mostly by teachers and administrators, at America's elementary schools and middle schools in 2012-13.
Park Elementary School (Baltimore, Md.): Dumbest suspension for a breakfast pastry that isn't a gun
Second-grader Josh Welch was suspended for two days because his teacher thought he shaped a poptart into something resembling a gun. Welch's goal had been to turn it into a mountain, but that didn't materialize. School officials later denied an appeal to have the suspension expunged from the boy's permanent record. There is good news, though. The National Rifle Association granted the seven-year-old a free lifetime membership. (RELATED: Second-grader suspended for having breakfast pastry shaped like a gun)
Chicago Public Schools: Most officious use of little kids as props by Michelle Obama
Courageous Chicago fifth-grade teacher Lisa Putnam wrote a scathing critique of the almost comical misery her students endured during a massive February 28 event kicking off Michelle Obama's Let's Move! Active Schools campaign. There was a three-hour wait — in straight lines — in the morning, Putnam explained. "Then imagine after one hour of 'fun' that they have to sit around and wait for three more hours that bus to pick them up. Oh, did I mention that are not allowed to have a morsel of food the entire time?" On the bright side, Obama's crack staff gave the 10-year-olds free "XL men's t-shirts." (RELATED: Let's starve! Kids forced to go hungry for hours during Michelle Obama media event)
Roscoe R. Nix Elementary School (Silver Spring, Md.): Dumbest suspension for a kid using an opposable thumb
A suburban Washington, D.C. family retained legal counsel after their six-year-old son was suspended from school for one day for making a gun gesture with his thumb and forefinger, pointing at another student and saying "pow." The boy made the universal kid sign for a gun a week after 20-year-old Adam Lanza massacred 20 young children and six adults at Sandy Hook Elementary School. School officials later reversed and expunged the suspension from the kid's permanent record. (RELATED: Maryland school suspends six-year-old boy for making gun gesture, saying 'pow')
Mount Carmel Area Elementary School (Mt. Carmel, Pa.): Dumbest suspension for a toy Hello Kitty gun that never actually materialized
A rural Pennsylvania kindergartener was suspended after she told another girl she planned to shoot her with a pink Hello Kitty toy gun that bombards targets with soapy bubbles. Events unfolded when the five-year-old was waiting at a bus stop with other students. The girl reportedly did not have the Hello Kitty gun or any other weapon with her. Nevertheless, she was originally suspended for 10 days for issuing a "terroristic threat." The charge and the suspension were later reduced, but the girl had to submit to psychological testing before school officials allowed her to return to school. (RELATED: Kindergartener suspended for making 'terroristic threat' with Hello Kitty bubble gun)
St. Mary's County Public Schools (Maryland): Most bizarrely oppressive school district in America and possibly the world
Officials with St. Mary's County Public Schools in southern Maryland instituted a policy banning hugging and homemade food. Parents must also register to enter the playground and they can't push anyone except their own kids on the swings. The distribution of birthday invitations on school grounds is also now verboten. Officials say the new rules are necessary to provide a generally safe environment. "We think it's the right balance between safety and parental involvement," school district representative Kelly Hall explained. (RELATED: Maryland school district outlaws hugging, homemade food, pushing kids on swings)
Logan Middle School (Logan County, West Va.): Dumbest suspension for something that isn't a gun, clothing category
Eighth-grader Jared Marcum was suspended and arrested after he refused to remove a t-shirt supporting the National Rifle Association. In a move The Daily Caller can only characterize as courageous, the 14-year-old then returned to school wearing exactly the same shirt, which depicts a hunting rifle with the statement "protect your right." Despite intense national mockery, prosecutors pressed forward with a criminal charge of obstructing an officer against Marcum. In legal documents, arresting officer James Adkins asserted that the boy did not follow his orders to stop talking. About 10 weeks after the incident occurred, prosecutors withdrew the charges. (RELATED: Charges finally dropped against eighth-grader who wore NRA shirt to school)
D. Newlin Fell School (Philadelphia, Pa.): Most awful search of a fifth-grade girl because she had a paper gun her grandfather made for her
An official at D. Newlin Fell School searched fifth-grader Melody Valentin in front of her entire class after she made the mistake of pulling out a gun constructed wholly from paper. Her grandfather had made it and given it to her the day before. After the search failed to turn any more weapons (paper or non-paper), the staffer intensely scolded the little girl — also in front of the whole class. "He yelled at me and said I shouldn't have brought the gun to school and I kept telling him it was a paper gun but he wouldn't listen," the girl explained. (RELATED: Philadelphia girl searched, berated for having a gun made of paper at school)
The whole state of New Jersey: Most poorly-conceived and anti-American attempt to stop bullying
The state of New Jersey boasts some of the strictest anti-bullying law in the country and must now hold trials for kids who call each other names on the playground. An eighth-grader in the village of Ridgewood who allegedly called a girl "horse," "fat" and "fat ass" is one of many students facing criminal prosecution under the 2011 law. The boy denied calling his classmate any name other than "horse." (RELATED: Under strict bullying law, kid who called classmate 'horse' and 'fat ass' goes to court)
Dowell Elementary School (Lusby, Md.): Dumbest suspension for a toy gun and also interrogating a kid until he peed his pants
A Maryland kindergartener was suspended from school for 10 days because he showed a friend his cowboy-style cap gun on the bus on the way to school. School officials at Dowell Elementary then interrogated the five-year-old. During the ordeal, he peed his pants. The boy's mother was not notified for two hours. Principal Jennifer L. Young reportedly told the kindergartener's mother that things would have been even worse had the toy gun been loaded with caps. In that case, the school would have regarded the plaything as an explosive and called police. School officials later reduced the suspension but refused to expunge it from the boy's permanent record. (RELATED: Kindergartener interrogated over cap gun until he pees his pants, then suspended 10 days)
Public School 59 (New York, N.Y.): Worst story problems for fourth-graders involving slave whippings
Fourth-grade teacher Jane Youn decided it would be a good idea to give her charges homework questions that combine basic math with the whipping and mutiny-related deaths of slaves. Another teacher had copied the offensive questions and was going to assign them before common sense somehow intervened. Sample question: "One slave got whipped five times a day. How many times did he get whipped in a month (31 days)?" (RELATED: NYC public school teacher's math homework asks students about whipping, killing slaves)
Mission Viejo Elementary School (Aurora, Colo.): Most obliviously racist principal
Andre C. Pearson, the principal at Mission Viejo Elementary, sent letters home to parents informing them that only students of color were eligible for an after-school tutoring initiative. Some shocked parents of students at the public school alleged discrimination and segregation. Pearson left a voicemail with one parent saying, "It's focused for and designed for children of color, but certainly, if we have space for other kids who have needs, we can definitely meet those needs." (RELATED: Elementary school bans white kids from tutoring)
Schall Elementary School (Caro, Mich.): Most fascist, anti-American confiscation of soldier-festooned cupcakes
Administrators at Schall Elementary impounded a third-grader boy's batch of 30 homemade birthday cupcakes because they were adorned with green plastic figurines representing World War Two soldiers. The school principal, Susan Wright, branded the military-themed cupcakes "insensitive" in light of the Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting. "It disgusted me," the boy's father said. "It's vile they lump true American heroes with psychopathic killers." The principal actually responded by saying, "Living in a democratic society entails respect for opposing opinions." (RELATED: School confiscates third-grader's cupcakes topped with toy soldiers)
J.O. Davis Elementary (Irving, Tex.): Cruelest economic incentive for second-graders
A seven-year-old boy at at J.O. Davis Elementary wet his pants in class because he hadn't accumulated enough good behavior credits to secure a trip to the bathroom. His teacher had a reward system using "Boyd Bucks." The cost of an unscheduled bathroom visit was two Boyd Bucks. Unfortunately, the boy was fresh out of Boyd Bucks when nature called urgently. "He tried to hold it as much as he could, but he just couldn't," the boy's mother said. "He came home from school, and he was crying and really upset." (RELATED: Second-grade teacher charges good-behavior 'bucks' for bathroom breaks; empty-pocketed boy wets pants)
Strobridge Elementary School (Hayward, Calif.): Silliest gun buyback program
The toy gun trade-in at Strobridge Elementary allowed kids to swap their harmless toy weapons for a raffle ticket and a chance to win a shiny, new bicycle. "Playing with toys guns, saying 'I'm going to shoot you,' desensitizes them, so as they get older, it's easier for them to use a real gun," said Chris Hill, the school principal. The trade-in occurred on the school's "Safety Day" which also featured safety tips from police officers and firefighters. Fingerprinting for participation in a real government database was also available. (RELATED: School asks kids to trade in toy guns for a bicycle)
Driver Elementary School (Suffolk, Va.): Dumbest suspension for a pencil that isn't a gun
A seven-year-old student in Suffolk, Virginia, was playing a game with another student when his teacher noticed him pretending to shoot his pencil like a gun. Consequently, both students were given two-day suspensions. "A pencil is a weapon when it is pointed at someone in a threatening way and gun noises are made," lectured school district spokeswoman Bethanne Bradshaw. The student, Christopher Marshall, said he was pretending to be a Marine, just like his father. (RELATED: Suspension for boy who held pencil like gun)
Cedar Hills Elementary School (Jacksonville, Fla.): Most appalling political statement foisted upon a fourth grader who wrote in crayon
A teacher in Duval County, Florida allegedly instructed students to express — in crayon — their desire to trade rights guaranteed in the Constitution for a feeling of added security. The incident occurred in a civics lesson. "I am willing to give up some of my constitution rights in order to be safer or more secure," one student wrote (in tri-color), according to his parents. The purported goal of the overall lesson was to "create an awareness" of constitutional rights and help the free-thinking fourth graders "determine their opinions on which rights they value most and least." (RELATED: Florida fourth graders allegedly told to write down desire to give up constitutional rights)
Mary Blair Elementary School (Loveland, Colo.): Dumbest suspension for an entirely make-believe hand grenade
Seven-year-old Alex Evans hurled an imaginary grenade — probably heroically far — at a bunch of make-believe bad guys on the playground of Mary Blair Elementary. For his attempts to fight imaginary bad guys, Evans was suspended. School officials reportedly told his mother that his creative play broke two crucial rules. The school's list of "absolutes" includes no real or pretend fighting and no real or pretend weapons. School officials allegedly changed their stories a few times, but suggested that Evans was not suspended merely for pretending to throw a grenade. (RELATED: Seven-year-old boy lobs pretend grenade during recess, gets suspended)
Old Mill Pond Elementary School (Palmer, Mass.): Dumbest detention for a tiny LEGO toy that looks like a gun
A six-year-old boy on the way to Old Mill Pond Elementary brought a plastic Lego gun roughly the size of a quarter on the bus. Another student on the bus spotted the tiny toy and promptly shouted to the driver. The boy was forced to apologize to the bus driver and had to serve detention. There was also talk of a temporary suspension from riding the bus. School officials also promptly sent a letter home to all parents explaining that there was no real gun, only a very small molded piece of plastic. (RELATED: Kindergartener gets detention, forced to apologize for Lego gun the size of a quarter)
Hurricane Middle School (Hurricane, Utah): Most deliberate and hostile ginger discrimination
Hurricane Middle School student Rylee McKay was suspended for dying her hair red. The school's dress code policies stipulate that students can only dye their hair within a range of "normal" colors. School authorities determined that McKay's hair was too pink when examined under certain lighting, and suspended her until she changed it back. (RELATED: Student, kicked out of school for having red hair, returns to class)
Follow Eric on Twitter and send education-related story tips to email@example.com.
Robby Soave contributed to this piece.


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Patricia A. Beithon
Pat came to Apogee in September 1999, and as general counsel and secretary serves as the company's corporate governance compliance officer and has played a key role in transactions such as the acquisition of Alumicor. She provided leadership in developing and implementing the company's corporate governance guidelines as well as its code of business conduct. She also manages the annual code of conduct recertification of all employees throughout Apogee's operating units.
Prior to joining Apogee, Pat spent eight years as divisional legal counsel for two Minneapolis, Minnesota-based medical device subsidiaries of Pfizer, Inc., a multinational pharmaceutical company. In her position with American Medical Systems, Inc. and Schneider (USA), Inc., she led numerous new product and technology acquisitions, provided general corporate and compliance counsel, and managed commercial and employment litigation.
Previously Pat was with the Minneapolis law firm of Fredrickson and Byron for nine years, the last three as a partner. She practiced in the corporate finance and general corporate areas.
Pat earned her law degree from the University of Minnesota Law School, Minneapolis, and a bachelor's degree in marketing from the University of North Dakota, Grand Forks.
|Age: 66
|Joined Apogee: 1999
|I love the innovative architectural design that makes it look like the buildings are swaying in the breeze.

subset: commoncrawl


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Off The Wire
S&P 500 first-quarter earnings seen declining from year earlier: Refinitiv data
NEW YORK (Reuters) - Analysts expect first-quarter earnings for S&P 500 companies to decline 0.1 percent from a year earlier, which would be the first quarterly profit decline for the group since 2016, according to IBES data from Refinitiv.
The latest forecast is down sharply from the start of the year, when analysts estimated growth of 5.3 percent for the first quarter.
The second quarter of 2016 was the last in a four-quarter profit recession for the S&P 500.
Profit estimates have fallen sharply in recent months amid increased worries over lower global growth, particularly in China, and weaker outlooks from top technology names like Apple. Forecasts for energy companies have dropped as well, following the recent plunge in oil prices.
Reporting by Caroline Valetkevitch


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Virtual tour of the MINATEC Visitors Center
The MINATEC Visitors Center is designed to give guests an overview of the micro and nanotechnology research carried out at MINATEC.
Guided tour
Our 200 m² Visitors Center offers a wide range of video, photography, and interactive models presenting MINATEC's research activities. All exhibits are available in both French and English. The Center is divided into two sections :
- A journey into the world of the infinitely small
- Behind the scenes at MINATEC: A virtual tour of the campus
Whom is the Visitors Center for?
The Visitors Center is open to guests invited to the campus by MINATEC or MINATEC participants or partners (like Grenoble-based science education organization CCSTI)
Who designed the Visitors Center?
The Visitors Center was designed jointly by MINATEC and Grenoble-based science education organization CCSTI. MINATEC provided the exhibit content and CCSTI contributed expertise in exhibit design and science education.
What else does the campus offer visitors?
While the Visitors Center provides a brief introduction to the nanoscience and nanotechnology work done at MINATEC, guests can learn more about our campus and research through:
- The CEA-Leti Showroom: Over 400 m² of demonstrators illustrating the technologies our labs have developed for partner companies
- CIME Nanotech: The research and education building that is home to the MINATEC Nano@school program
- The Technology Management showroom run by Grenoble Ecole de Management business school
- The Casemate–CCSTI, a science education center for the general public .


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30 S Main St, Kilmarnock, VA 22482
30 South Main Street Kilmarnock Virginia 22482 US
Lee's brings 4 generations of home cooking and pie baking to the table. A nostalgic atmosphere where ordering your pie first is a must. Just the place to meet up with the locals-everyone goes to Lee's!
36 N Main St, Kilmarnock, VA 22482 0.01 mi
Kilmarnock, VA 0.01 mi
(804) 435-1552(804) 435-1552
At just 50-cents a ride, the Triangle Trolley is not only convenient but economical, too. Enjoy the ride and the scenery across dozens of locations in between Kilmarnock, Irvington and White Stone.
35 South Main Street, Kilmarnock, VA 22482 0.01 mi
(804) 435-8800(804) 435-8800
Casual women's clothing with flair. Made in the USA brands and Fair Trade sources too. All their offerings have great style without sacrificing comfort.
12 S Main St, Kilmarnock, VA 22482 0.02 mi
(804) 435-2200(804) 435-2200
Women's cruise-wear, resort, vacation, and women's casual and accessories.
18 S Main St, Kilmarnock, VA 22482 0.02 mi
(804) 435-1783(804) 435-1783
Interior design and home decor options in this store located in the original Kilmarnock post office.
41 S Main St, Kilmarnock, VA 22482 0.02 mi
(804) 435-1546(804) 435-1546
Affordable and trendy fashions and accessories.
52 South Main Street, Kilmarnock, VA, USA 0.02 mi
Voted BEST WINE STORE in Eastern Virginia by Virginia Living Magazine for the last 5 years. We offer a unique shopping experience with over 3000 bottles of wine available, and a Certified E[…]
45 South Main Street, Kilmarnock, Virginia, United States 0.03 mi
Authentic Thai Food We like to describe our food as Authentic. It's like getting off the plane at Don Meung airport, because when you dine here; it's like being there. Curries, vegetarian di[…]
43 S Main St, Kilmarnock, VA 22482 0.04 mi
(804) 435-0009(804) 435-0009
This 4,500-square-foot antique and home decor mall is a showplace for everything from jewelry and resale clothing to antiques and collectibles.
49 South Main Street, Kilmarnock, Virginia, United States 0.04 mi
(804) 577-4291(804) 577-4291
Hi! I'm Emily Ficklin Hoar, owner and manager of The Rivah. Over the years I've listened to my patrons' feedback and curated the ideal blend of Rivah-inspired home decor, f[…]
34 E Church St, Kilmarnock, VA 22482 0.05 mi
(804) 435-0034(804) 435-0034
Comfort and relaxation at its best We offer you the comforts of home, only ½ block from our downtown shops and a short drive to anything the Virginia's River Realm has to offer. From wine tr[…]
34 E Church St, Kilmarnock, VA 22482, USA 0.05 mi
(804) 435-0034(804) 435-0034
Filibusters Restaurant is located inside the Wilson House at the Kilmarnock Inn. We are open Monday through Saturday for breakfast, lunch and dinner. We are also open for breakfast and bru[…]
2 N Main St, Kilmarnock, VA 22482 0.06 mi
Providing home décor, gifts and furnishings to create the perfect river lifestyle.
74 S Main St, Kilmarnock, VA 22482 0.06 mi
(804) 435-6669(804) 435-6669
Gallery of framed art, handmade gifts and fun things to add to your décor.
80 South Main Street, Kilmarnock, VA, USA 0.07 mi
Waterline is your one stop shop for all things Coastal in styles for men & women.
10 N Main St, Kilmarnock, VA 22482 0.07 mi
(804) 435-9191(804) 435-9191
Carried Away Cuisine is located in Kilmarnock's historic downtown shopping district. We are a specialty foods retailer, featuring gourmet packaged goods, as well as, fresh prepared, hand-cra[…]
86 S Main St, Kilmarnock, VA 22482 0.08 mi
(804) 435-1302(804) 435-1302
There's something about the life here in Virginia's River Realm. Maybe it's the water. We're on a beautiful peninsula flanked by the shimmering waters of the Rappahannock River, the Po[…]
18 North Main Street, Kilmarnock, VA 22482 0.08 mi
(804) 435-1125(804) 435-1125
A paper and gift shop, specializing in weddings and parties, located in Kilmarnock, a charming and historic little town on the Chesapeake Bay in Virginia.
18 N Main St, Kilmarnock, VA 22482 0.08 mi
(804) 435-1044(804) 435-1044
Owned by one of the leading floral designers in the area, Cindy Naylor, The Wild Bunch provides the most beautiful wedding and occasion flowers in Virginia's Northern Neck.
19 North Main Street, Kilmarnock, VA 22482 0.09 mi
"RAL Art Center will open our doors on June 4, 2020, to members and visitors, in accordance with Virginia Governor Northam's Phase 1 restrictions. Our Gallery will be open for th[…]
54 Irvington Rd, Kilmarnock, VA 22482 0.09 mi
(804) 435-3874(804) 435-3874
50 Irvington Road, Kilmarnock, VA, United States 0.09 mi
A 2017 "Made in Virginia" winner! Featured in Virginia Living Magazine-Salted Dark Caramel Popcorn is one of 16 winners across the State. 50+ flavors from sweet to savory! […]
21 North Main Street, Kilmarnock, VA 22482 0.09 mi
(804) 435-2100(804) 435-2100
This antiques and interiors shop and Interiors offers an extensive and eclectic selection of fine antiques and decorative arts.
44 W Church St, Kilmarnock, VA, USA 0.1 mi
(804) 436-6207(804) 436-6207
New hours; Wed. 5pm to 11:30 Thur. 5pm to 11:30 Fri. 5pm to 11:30 Sat. 1pm to 11:30 Sun. 3pm to 7:30 Every second Thursday of the month we have MERCY CREEK on the Brewhaus stage. The other 3[…]
15 N Main St, Kilmarnock, VA 22482 0.1 mi
(804) 435-7771(804) 435-7771
Located in historic Urbanna, Virginia, showcasing the best of mid century design and style. Each piece is unique; no two pieces are exactly alike.
234 North Main Street, Kilmarnock, VA 22482, United States 0.1 mi
(804) 435-1388(804) 435-1388
Women's clothing and accessories for the clever women-totally unique!
37 N Main St, Kilmarnock, VA 22482 0.1 mi
(804) 435-5152(804) 435-5152
Committed to serving fresh, top quality ingredients, Rappahannock Grill sources the majority of their food locally, producing an unforgettable taste.
50 Irvington Rd, Kilmarnock, VA 22482 0.1 mi
(804) 435-6745(804) 435-6745
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Panasonic DVD-LA95 9-Inch Portable DVD Player Grade A
WE WILL BE HAPPY TO WORK OUT ANY PROBLEMS/ISSUES RELATING TO YOUR ORDER. Please accept our apologies but due to our high volume of communication we may be unable to respond to best offers on time. To avoid cancellations please inquire before placing order.First priority will be given to offers acceptable or nearly acceptable. Product may look slightly different than pictured (please refer to listed item condition).
Additionally, product may or may not include original box and/or documentation. Batteries that are part of kits (cameras, notebooks, handhelds, etc) are considered consumables. Their life is not guaranteed but they may be replaced if necessary within the listed return period.Due to their age, some brand new, sealed, vintage products may need their internal rechargeable batteries replaced. For buyers protection and ours, we may upgrade postal service to courier at our expense. Your business is greatly appreciated. Panasonic DVD-LA95 9-Inch Portable DVD Player - Grade A. Note: About the item: This item is associated with the following MPN(s): DVD-LA95. The item "Panasonic DVD-LA95 9-Inch Portable DVD Player Grade A" is in sale since Monday, December 19, 2016. This item is in the category "Sound & Vision\DVD, Blu-ray & Home Cinema\DVD & Blu-ray Players". The seller is "pcmonde-uk-it" and is located in Cleveland. This item can be shipped worldwide.
- Brand: Panasonic


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How to use:
Gently shake this "two-phase" formula before use. Apply every morning as the last step of your skincare routine. Pour a small amount onto the fingertips and gently apply all over the face and neck.
Note: is light enough to be used alone or layered over your daily serum and/or cream if needed.


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South Korea is looking to put an unmanned space vehicle on the moon by 2020 with its own rocket, the government announced Tuesday.
In January, Korea successfully launched a scientific satellite into orbit from its own soil with a locally assembled space rocket, the Korea Space Launch Vehicle-1, built in cooperation with Russian scientists.
Korea now aims to complete the development of a three-stage domestically produced space rocket by 2020, according to the Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning.
The ministry released a set of mid- and long-term plans for space technologies following a meeting of the national space committee directly responsible to the president.
The plans include developing its first truly indigenous rocket, the KSLV-2, which can carry a 1.5-ton satellite into outer space by June 2020, and also putting an unmanned vehicle on the moon with the rocket, the ministry said.
The initial plan was to complete the development of KSLV-2 by 2021, but the government decided to shorten the time with a total budget of 1.95 trillion won (US$1.84 billion) over the next seven years, according to the ministry.
The announcement came after the country successfully launched last week its new science satellite from a Russian launch base.
The ministry said it also aimed to develop a series of scientific research satellites with its own technologies.
"We have made significant progress in space technology within a short period of time. But we still lag behind the advanced countries," said Choi Mun-kee, Minister of Science, ICT and Future Planning in a statement.
"We need to set mid- and long-term goals as stepping stones to become a space industry powerhouse," he added.


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Four seasons webinars offered
Join other interested gardeners as they learn about common oak pests in Illinois from the University of Illinois Plant Clinic's Diane Plewa.
Plewa will discuss some of the most common problems seen on oaks across Illinois. Topics will include serious diseases, such as oak wilt and bur oak blight, and less serious problems, including tubakia leaf spots and galls. A few common insects that cause problems on oaks also will be discussed. This webinar will be presented live across the state at 1:30 p.m. Tuesday, July 26, or 6:30 p.m. Thursday, July 28, via the internet only.
To join a group presentation on July 26 register at www.web.extension.illinois.edu/mms. There is a cost of $5 for a black-and-white handout or $10 for a color handout. The webinar will take place at University of Illinois Extension offices, 1 Regency Plaza Drive, Suite 200, Collinsville, and 901 Illinois Ave., Waterloo.
To join either session via the internet register at www.go.illinois.edu/4seasons_webinars at least one week prior to the webinar.
Additional webinars this summer will include Keep it Growing, Keep it Going by Extension educator Duane Friend at 1:30 p.m. Tuesday, Aug. 9, or 6:30 p.m. Thursday, Aug. 11. Friend will discuss cover crops and benefits to improve soil health, types and planting of cover crops and studies showing how cover crop residue can be managed during the growing season.
U of I Extension educator Ken Johnson will discuss different native pollinators and how to attract them to your landscape 1:30 p.m. Tuesday, Aug. 23, at 6:30 p.m. Thursday, Aug. 25, in a webinar titled Illinois Native Pollinators. When it comes to pollination, honey bees get a majority of the attention.
You may register for these webinars through the same registration links above and the cost per session is the same.


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It seems to be a common theme in children's stories– the rulebreaker. The rules are clearly stated near the beginning of the story, and they are not to be broken under any circumstance. Don't enter the third-floor corridor. No disturbing the Professor!
But it seems like the hero of the story always ends up breaking the rules– and that was always something that would annoy me greatly. Bastian would steal The Neverending Story from the bookstore, only to have the old shopkeeper smile knowingly after he was gone. Charlie and his grandpa would march in to confront Willie Wonka when they were just as guilty of disobeying his instructions as anyone else. Shouldn't Charlie have considered himself lucky he didn't end up an inch tall or turned into a giant blueberry like the other kids?
The first time I saw one of his movies, I was particularly annoyed at that twerp Harry Potter for breaking all of the rules and seemingly getting rewarded for it. He disobeys the teacher's instruction to stay on the ground during flying lessons and ends up getting recruited as a star athlete because of it. He even goes into the third-floor corridor, and ends up getting a bunch of bonus points for it! It's almost as if his instructors intended Harry to break the rules all along– that they were saying one thing, but teaching the opposite.
But maybe they were. The day would come when the people making the rules at Hogwarts were no longer making them in others' best interests– when doing the right thing meant thinking for yourself and having the courage to break the rules and suffer the consequences. The fact is that it's possible to follow the rules and be wrong.
As you can probably tell, I was a rules follower to an extreme as a kid. If I had been the hero in any of those stories, they would have ended up being very boring! I think it's partly down to the way my brain works. I have Asperger's syndrome (more about that sometime later), and one of the effects of that for me has been approaching things in a very literal, step-by-step fashion. Then you have the fact that I was brought up going to a conservative Christian school, which tends to stress the importance of following the rules. I've only recently begun to realize how much these two things have played off each other in my life as I have grown up and grown closer to God. (And that's really the reason behind this blog– to help me think and reflect on what it has meant to be a Christian with Asperger's– and hopefully to communicate with and learn from others about it as well.)
Jesus told a story once about a rulebreaker and a rule follower– two brothers. The younger son demanded his inheritance from his father, left home, and squandered all of his father's money on partying and sex. Left with no money and nothing to eat except pig food, he came to his senses and realized that even his father's servants had it better off than he did. Surely he had ruined his relationship to his father as a son, but he could beg for mercy and ask to be accepted back as a servant.
But while he was still a long way from home, his father saw him and ran out to meet him, embracing and kissing him. Before the son could even finish his request to be made a servant, the father was calling for his servants to bring the best robe, the best food, and to throw a party, "For this my son was dead and is alive again; he was lost and is found."
But all this time, there was another son– the older brother. He would never be so insulting as to demand his inheritance from his father, or embarass him by wasting it on things that were against the rules. When he heard the sound of a party going on, the older son was insulted! He told his father, "These many years I have been serving you; I never transgressed your commandment at any time." And yet the father was throwing a party for the rulebreaker? He was angry with both his brother and his father– hadn't he earned a party by all of his work and obedience?
The father said to the older brother, "Son, you are always with me, and all that I have is yours. It was right that we should make merry and glad, for your brother was dead and is alive again, and was lost and is found."
"You are always with me, and all that I have is yours." That's the relationship that God has with his sons and daughters. But for the rule-following older brother, it was all about earning approval by his service and "sacrificial" obedience to his father's rules. He was relating to his father as if he was a servant, not a son. Whereas the younger son had demanded his inheritance to his father's face, the older son thought that his superficial obedience entitled him to demand a reward from his father (or to demand that it be withheld from his brother).
Both rulebreakers and rule followers need to be saved.
In this case, we know that the younger brother was restored. But Jesus didn't tell us what happened to the older brother. As a rule follower, I always found that scary.
But praise God, because he does save rule followers! He has saved and is saving me. When I look back on my life, I'm amazed at the providence and grace he has given me. Put a boy who tries to follow all the rules in a well-meaning environment that stresses the importance of external signs of obedience, and you have the potential for a lot of miserable legalism. I still struggle with it; it's not ultimately an issue of upbringing or brain chemistry but of my own nature. But God has always been with me, whispering that he loved me and that all he had was mine, not because I followed the rules (in truth, I broke them), but because I was his son.


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With a short honk of its horn, the Amtrak Downeaster train pulls away from the platform, passing between snow-covered sidings on its way to Boston, eastern New England's economic engine, 100 miles to the south.
It will make seven stops during the 2-1/2-hour trip, picking up sightseers in southern Maine, commuters in seacoast New Hampshire, and dozens of students at the University of New Hampshire before rolling into North Station, a trip it makes five times a day.
By almost every measure, the service is a resounding success. Ridership and revenue have each grown by 20 percent this fiscal year, some of the highest rates in the nation. Customer-satisfaction rates are regularly the highest in the Amtrak system, where the Downeaster is seen as a model for expanding rail service elsewhere in the country. Proposed extensions of service farther up the Maine coast have the backing of state lawmakers and Maine Gov. John Baldacci.
Yet the popular train still loses money – and may stop running altogether within two years, when a federal grant expires.
"Pretty soon it's going to be 2009 and the money isn't going to be there to keep the train running," says Wayne Davis, of TrainRiders/Northeast in Portland, which advocates rail service. "It needs permanent funding."
The Downeaster's plight reflects the challenges to efforts to expand intercity passenger rail in the United States. Even in a favorable political climate rail operations face an uphill battle to secure scarce resources and to convince decisionmakers that they are a wise use of taxpayers' money.
"We live in an environment where some people think the maximum public benefit is always to have minimum taxation," says John Spychalski, a transportation expert at Pennsylvania State University. "Among elected officials, there's enormous ignorance about the benefits of railroad transport and of the situations where it's less costly in the longer run to develop a rail system than not to do so."
'Trains don't pay for themselves'
Like most passenger-rail routes worldwide, the Downeaster doesn't operate at a profit. At present, passenger revenue accounts for $6 million of its $13.5 million annual operating budget. Much of the remainder has been covered by a $6 million grant from the federal transportation department, which will expire in 2009. Maine contributes $1.5 million.
As a practical matter, the only way the Downeaster can keep running is if Maine lawmakers increase the state's annual contribution from $1.5 million to nearly $8 million. Further federal support is unavailable, and New Hampshire and Massachusetts don't contribute to the train's operation, even though a third of its riders travel entirely within or between those states.
And that's as it should be, according to Charles Arlinghaus of the Josiah Bartlett Center for Public Policy in Concord, N.H., which opposes proposals to link Concord, Manchester, Nashua, and Boston by commuter and intercity rail to reduce worsening traffic congestion along the I-93 corridor. "In states where there are limited transportation dollars, why should we spend millions of dollars on a luxury used by a small number of people?" he asks.
Busses, Arlinghaus argues, operate at a profit, use existing infrastructure, and can go anywhere they need to. "Passenger trains don't pay for themselves," he says, echoing a common criticism nationally. "They're an incredible waste of money."
Not so, says Patricia Quinn, head of the Northern New England Passenger Rail Authority, which runs the Downeaster in conjunction with Amtrak. "All modes of transportation are subsidized – the roads we drive on, the airports we land at," she says. "A bus company doesn't have to maintain the cost of the road network. But we carry on our balance sheets the costs of maintaining not just our vehicles, but the infrastructure."
Who benefits
The Downeaster does appear to be a sound investment, according to a 2005 study commissioned by the Maine Department of Transportation (DOT). The train was responsible for $15 million in economic activity in Maine and New Hampshire in 2004, more than twice its public subsidy. The figure today is thought to be considerably higher due to ridership growth and the recent construction of multimillion-dollar condo developments adjacent to the Downeaster's stations in Saco and Old Orchard Beach, Maine.
"We've seen investments in rail have a very real economic multiplier effect," says Greg Nadeau, Maine's DOT deputy commissioner for policy. "But it also saves us money by helping us reduce congestion, delaying the time when we have to build a new bridge or add highway lanes."
By neglecting intercity rail, the US is shooting itself in the foot, agrees Vukan Vuhic, a professor of transportation systems engineering at the University of Pennsylvania. "Our investments in passenger rail are among the lowest in the world – including developing countries," he says. "We call highways investments – which they are – but with Amtrak they call it a subsidy."
The rest of the world
While Europe and Japan are adding high-speed trains to their well-developed rail networks, Professor Vuhic notes, Washington has treated Amtrak like an unwanted stepchild, keeping it on a "survival budget" and then taking it to task for the effects of underfunding.
Unlike most of the world, Vuhic points out, US passenger rail developed as a private enterprise, not a government one. In the robber-baron era of the late 19th century, Washington often found itself in an adversarial relationship with powerful railroad companies. While the government played a major role in creating and maintaining the interstate highway system and fostered the development in air transportation in a variety of ways, the railroads weren't seen as its responsibility – an attitude ingrained in national political culture.
"There is virtually no discussion of what kind of intercity rail this country needs," he says. "It's really an illogical situation."
Trains on shaky ground
The Downeaster's proponents are optimistic that Maine lawmakers will commit the necessary funds during the next legislative session – which begins in January – though the state's budget shortfall makes that far from certain.
"We'd be incredibly foolish if we didn't pursue this," says Senate President Beth Edmonds (D), whose party controls both houses of the legislature and the governor's mansion. "But this is a tough budget year, and everybody is trying to juggle limited funds as best they can."


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While many parents and schools around the world push young children to read, write and use computer as early as possible in order to prepare for an increasing academic competition. Germany is taking an old-new approach. They have around 700 "forest kindergartens" in which children spend their days outdoors all year round. Children age 3 to 6 walk into a forest each weekday, come rain and shine. They sing songs, build fires, roll in the mud, experience nature and learn about it.
The teacher who is heading one of those kindergardens for five years says it is much more peacful than inside the room and she says that no child has ever asked for a toy. The kids impovise with what woods have to offer. And according to experience there haven't been any accidents beyond the occasional scrapes, bruises or bee sting.
I really like the idea. Maybe that is the way to avoid the "early academic fatigue syndrom" when 5 year-olds are already tired of going to school. Maybe we will all need to do a step back in academic pressure in order to make an important step forward- to raise children who want to learn and not children who must learn.
You can find more info here.
The story is summarised from the article "Primeval education: In Germany schoolchildren get back to forest" by Mike Esterl from The Wall Street Journal.


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The Giro Verona helmet combines sleek design and lightweight construction to match your style, on the road or off. Made in a single Universal Fit size with Giro's convenient new Roc Loc Sport fit system, it adjusts simply with the turn of a dial so you can tune it in just right. A range of colors lets you choose exactly how your on-bike style comes together.
One Size/ Universal Women's = 50–57cm


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Publication News for June
My Gothic Horror story The Eternal's Curse is reprinted this month in Static Movement Magazine. I first wrote this story about 12 months ago, and an early draft of it first appeared in Imagine #2, published by Deakin University. This is an expanded, much more polished version of the story. If you like Stoker, Shelley or maybe even Lovecraft, or just want to read some cringeworthy faux 19th century dialogue, check it out here.
Another, more recent short story of mine, Good Morning Camelot with Gary Goblin, appeared in Danse Macabre Literary Magazine early last month, and it's due to be reprinted in the excellent Eunoia Review later in the year.
More news on my writing to come. My latest novel is currently being pitched to several publishers, I've got a few more short stories signed on for publication in the coming months and my ebook, Fragments of Sunrise will launch in July.


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Franklin Indiana Mayor – Mayor Joe McGuinness' office is located at 55 W. Madison in downtown Franklin. His office hours are Monday-Friday, 8:00 am to 4:00 pm.
Franklin Indiana City Council – The city council meets the first and third Monday of each month at 6:30 p.m. Meetings are open to the public, and held in City Hall, located at 55 W. Madison Street. The council consists of the following members: Kenneth Austin, Ann Gordon, Joseph P. Abban, Craig Wells, Joseph R. Ault, Stephen Hougland and Dr. William T. Murphy.
Franklin Indiana Clerk Treasurer – The primary function of the Clerk-Treasurer, a four-year elected official, is to serve as the fiscal officer of the City of Franklin. The Clerk-Treasurer processes the receipts and expenditures of all City money; prescribes the payroll for the City; determines the manner in which vendors, officers and employees are paid; manages the City financial accounts; makes all investments on behalf of the City; prepares the budget estimates of revenue, financial statements and the proposed tax rate; manages all City records; serves as the Clerk of the City Council and Board of Public Works and Safety by preparing agendas, recording proceedings and maintaining custody of records.
Franklin Indiana Public Boards and Commissions
Board of Public Works – The Board of Public Works & Safety oversees a variety of tasks within the City of Franklin including Engineering, Economic Development, Planning and Fire & Police services.
Board of Zoning Appeals – The Franklin City Board of Zoning Appeals shall hear and decide all petitions involving appeals of administrative decisions, special exceptions, use variances, and variances from developmental standards.
Economic Development Commission – The City of Franklin, Indiana Economic Development Commission Meets the First Tuesday of Each Month at 8:15 a.m. at the Franklin City Hall.
Fire Merit Commission – The Fire Merit Commission's jurisdiction is statutorily confined to the areas of the appointment, the promotion, and the discipline of the Franklin Fire Department personnel.
Parks Board – Park Board meetings are held the fourth Monday of each month beginning at 7:00 p.m. at the Franklin Cultural Arts & Recreation Center, located at 396 Branigan Blvd, Franklin. The meetings are open to the public.
Plan Commission – The Franklin City Plan Commission acts as an advisory Plan Commission to the City of Franklin Common Council. The duties of the Plan Commission are as follows.
Redevelopment Commission – The duties of the Redevelopment Commission include (IC 36-7-14-11):
(1) investigate, study, and survey areas needing redevelopment within the corporate boundaries of the unit;
(2) investigate, study, determine, and, to the extent possible, combat the causes of areas needing redevelopment;
(3) promote the use of land in the manner that best serves the interests of the unit and its inhabitants;
(4) cooperate with the departments and agencies of the unit, and of other governmental entities, in the manner that best serves the purposes of this chapter;
(5) make findings and reports on their activities under this section, and keep those reports open to inspection by the public at the offices of the department;
(6) select and acquire the areas needing redevelopment to be redeveloped under this chapter; and
(7) replan and dispose of the areas needing redevelopment in the manner that best serves the social and economic interests of the unit and its inhabitants.
Technical Review Board – The City of Franklin Technical Review Commitee provides advice to the Plan Commission on issues requiring technical expertise.
Telecommunications Council – The Telecommunications Council is resposible for the communications infrastructure of the City of Franklin.
Tree Board – Tree care is an important factor in contributing to the overall success of the city of Franklin. The Franklin City Tree Board is responsible for overseeing the care and growth of our city's trees.


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"Go confidently in the direction of your dreams. Live the life youve imagined." Thoreau
To live the life of your dreams takes the courage to ask yourself questions and listen for answers.
We all have this ability. This website is dedicated to helping you with your own
process of inquiring and hearing your own heart's wisdom.
Make the life of
your dreams your waking life.
Here's the support we offer you, for your Inquiring Life:
1. Bi-weekly contemplations in the form of a Book (See left image).
2. Essays, poetry and self-paced courses
© 2013 Laura Duggan
Site design by Web Sites for Writers
What's New?
New Essays & Poems:
Aging Gracefully
New Contemplation:
Quote for the Week
Recent Self-Study Courses:
A Guide to the Upanishads
Who am I? Exploring Vedanta
Purchase This New Book!


text: punctaTiny openings through which tears drain away from the eyes. Four puncta are in the nasal corner of the eye -- two in the upper inner eyelid and two in the lower inner eyelid. Punctal plugs sometimes are used to block these openings so that more tears are retained as a treatment for dry eye syndrome.


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"Where are you from?"
by snowden1984
An attempt on the problem of the linking of identity, and thus also past experience and current behavior, of the individual human to that human's supposed origin
Abstract: The question, "Where are you from?", when put around the inception of an acquaintance, arises from a primitive need to test and establish relative Otherness. It is potentially dangerous, certainly pointless, and always in questionable taste – except when asked by a police commissar. There is a multitude of conversational devices that can better serve intercourse more pleasant and interesting. Confronted with the impudence of the insistent ones, one might use the opportunity to hone suppleness of intellect.
Nietzsche's postulate, that early humans scrutinized each unfamiliar person in terms of the existential threat they presented, may not be restricted to past ages alone, when one considers how often the question "Where are you from?" is heard when strangers interact, occasionally being one of the first demands made. As with all human exchanges, the manner in which the query is posed, as also the context, makes a significant difference. In the general case, however, the question is potentially dangerous, certainly pointless, and always in questionable taste.
A most lethal question: Consider that the person being interrogated may not have appropriate papers that confer the right to exist in the current jurisdiction. To cause such a person to reveal details of origin could result in that person's deportation and torture. This might be set in motion immediately, because there happens to be present a secret policeman, an eager informant, or an off-duty public servant, or at a subsequent date, as the unfortunate one tires of deception or silence, and gives in at inopportune moment. Now, it is scarcely accurate to suggest that the expulsion and abuse of "illegal" foreigners is a matter of universal concern – indeed, will not our glorious Fatherland profit by the removal of such scum? Be that as it may, the potential danger is not just to the paperless person, but also to the poser of the question, for a cornered animal might lash out violently in desperation. In this case, prudence and solidarity converge.
All that is less than 6308 kilometers removed from Moscow
(Map drawn using Radius Around Point function on freemaptools.com based on Google Maps, with the balloon centered at Moscow, and radius calculated using a haversine formula on ig.utexas.edu/outreach/googleearth/latlong)
When geography is irrelevant: Lavrentiya is a village in Chukotsky District in eastern Russia. For Muscovites, the inhabitants of Lavrentiya are compatriots, but there are literally hundreds of millions of foreigners – Ukrainians, Germans, Frenchmen, Swiss, Belgians, Poles, Spaniards, Algerians, Egyptians, Arabs, Persians, Afghans, Indians and Chinese – who live and die closer to Moscow than do the fine men and women of Lavrentiya. We may see this by drawing a circle on the world's map, with Moscow as the center, and a radius of 6308 kilometers, which is the approximate distance between Lavrentiya and the Russian capital. The circle shall cover large swathes of Asia, Africa, America and Europe. Similarly, for millions of Indians, dwellings in Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan, Iran, Nepal, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Afghanistan, Bhutan, Sri Lanka or China appear closer than many centers of human population within their own country. It is far from unusual for a group of people to have a group of foreigners closer to them, in terms of distance, than some of their own compatriots. This phenomenon might mean that one resembles foreigners rather than compatriots in terms of language, manner at meat, and external appearance. To add to this is the complication that nation states are arbitrary and given to change. The influential philosopher Adolf Hitler was aware of this: "Staatsgrenzen werden durch Menschen geschaffen und durch Menschen geändert." (The borders of nation states are created and changed through human agency; Mein Kampf) Therefore, just knowing which country the Other is from might not be adequate. Even if we delve further and ascertain the name of the city, we will not necessarily have a fair idea of the stranger in front of us, because of the differences typically related to religion, education, socio-economic class, and language. Geography is just not enough.
The use of the answer: Racism is, of course, a perfectly legitimate way of examining the world. It is, however, not compatible with the idea that every single individual is entitled to personal freedoms, human dignity and nominal equality, and, occasionally, leads to Jim Crow style lynching or mass murder, but more often to unfair treatment. Given that the notion of "race" has changed over the past century or so, let us define the term.
Racism is the assigning of a certain characteristic to a group of humans that does not by definition belong to that group, and the potential discrimination against or preferential treatment of group members because of that certain characteristic.
To illustrate, the statements, "Danes are sticklers for punctuality", "Vietnamese are lazy", and "Bulgarians make their money by selling illegal drugs" are racist. They also happen to be inane, but that is not germane to the current discourse. We have reminded ourselves that countries often cover large stretches of land, and that even denizens of a given city might differ greatly from each other. Furthermore, each human experience is unique. We must now examine what possible use the answer to a "Where are you from" query can have for the interrogator. The answer is simple: "none"; or rather, "none, unless the interrogator has a series of attributes associated with each country, city, canton or county" – leading us to the conclusion that the question well might have racist motives.
Solidarity with the Other: As far as the question under discussion is concerned, one might want to stand with the less fortunate – either because one believes in the universal right to human dignity, or because one wishes to amuse oneself through a social experiment. Suppose you live in a society where it is considered prestigious to have two cows. It is then a lot easier to deal with the question "How many cows do you have?", if one has one or two cows, than if one has zero cows. If the bovine analogy is ill-suited, consider the case that you live in a city where the benches in the public park are marked with "Nur für Deutsche" (Only for Germans). In such a case, the question "Where are you from?" is a lot easier to deal with if you are from Germany, than if you happen not to be from Germany, regardless of whether or not you happen to be in the vicinity of a park bench at the time the question is being asked. Out of solidarity with the weaker side, what if we were to respond along the lines of, "I am from North Korea, but one-eighth Swedish, one-eighth Muslim, one-eighth Jewish, one-eighth Maldivian, one-eighth Russian, one-eighth African, one-eighth Hindu, and one-eighth from a country that doesn't exist anymore."? For all that, one would be a human being – and, compared to any other human being with a different answer, exactly as capable of love, pettiness, pilferage, charming conversation, and self-sacrifice. There are other responses too: "Do you mean the country of birth, city of birth, or where I grew up for the majority of the first fifteen years of my life, or my nationality? And, of course, I should probably ask you first whether you have any intense feeling of antagonism against a certain country. Let's start with Afghanistan, and tick them off in alphabetical order, shall we?" More direct: "I am from a country where one typically shows secret-police identification before asking that question." A trifle provocative: "It depends on whether or not you think Heinrich Heine was German. You see, we might bump into each other at a re-education camp, and the answer can be a matter of life and death." Alternatively, one may take the opportunity to train one's wit, to utter no lie, to continually converse, to steadfastly refuse answer on that point, and to subtly reveal to the interrogator his or her boorishness, all with a faint smile. Our response can also include more neutral conversational gambits. It might be dry for a while longer, I think. I overheard someone mentioning sugar prices are on the rise again and that apparently affects, curiously enough, the price of furniture. I wonder whether this part of the wall might be labeled a light fuchsia? Given the richness of the human experience and the world we live in, there must always be a plethora of neutral conversational gambits for any but the most unimaginative and dull of interlocutors.
Summary: The question, "Where are you from?", when put around the inception of an acquaintance, arises from a primitive need to test and establish relative Otherness. It is potentially dangerous, certainly pointless, and always in questionable taste – except when asked by a police commissar. There is a multitude of conversational devices that can better serve intercourse more pleasant and interesting. Confronted with the impudence of the insistent ones, one might use the opportunity to hone suppleness of intellect.


text: Search Results We have found 1 business listings matching your search query. Close Moonlight Limo Business Services We are here to serve our clients with exclusive and quite affordable Vancouver limo Services. We offer exciting chance to our clients to impress their special corporate clients, add that extra glance More Details 1 Page 1 of 1


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Janet Jackson's pal and creative director is jumping to the defence of the songstress as speculation builds that a jaw-dropping payout may be in store following her recent split from billionaire Wissam Al Mana.
In an Instagram snap, Gil Duldulao wrote: "I want to state what I have to say as a friend."
He went on: "Even if there was a possibility that my friend could make $500 mil off of having a child. It's not in her character to want and or accept 500 mil. It's character people and she is not the one.
"She would never accept a payout or want a payout," the friend continued, adding: "That's the human being I know."
While the rest of the address was clouded by swear words, the sentiment shines through; that Janet wants nothing from her former flame and father of her child.
The couple confirmed their split earlier this month, just three months after the arrival of their miracle son, Eissa.
One insider confided to Page Six that trouble had been brewing for months.
"She thought he had become too controlling during the pregnancy and she had already allowed him to dictate her appearance and even the way she performed at concerts," a source, who works closely with the couple, told the publication.
Days after their breakup became public, the businessman shared a heartfelt message to the new mum.
"To the most beautiful person in the world, thank you for your divine love, your eternal support and for being my best friend," he wrote on his personal website in a post titled "Love."
"I love you so much, inshallah we will be together in the Great Forever x."
Janet, 50, secretly married the 42 year old Qatari businessman back in 2012, before welcoming their son this year, on January 3.


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School trips made easy
For schools and school aged groups (such as cubs and girl guides) the R. Tucker Thompson is pleased to offer short sailings between 4.00 – 6.00 pm on Mondays, Tuesdays, Thursdays and Saturdays during our tourism season. These cost $25 per person regardless of age and provide a great opportunity to experience a short tall ship sailing.
We also support the Bay of Islands Education Network, a collective of operators who are working together to provide educational experiences to New Zealand students. This new collective supersedes the original Bay of Islands Field Trips that the Tucker has been offering since 2007, however the product we will be supplying is identical. You will still be able to book your 2-hour school sailings from Russell Wharf at 4.00 pm on Mondays, Tuesdays, Thursdays and Saturdays. But now there will be a far greater range of other activities to choose from.
As a collective, the aim of the Bay of Islands Education Network is to offer extraordinary experiences to the education sector. You'll be able to choose from a range of history, geography, marine biology, cultural and eco-activities in the beautiful Bay of Islands. You'll also be able to organise your accommodation too, all with a one-stop-shop.
Providers in the Bay of Islands Education Network will provide curriculum links and student resources for the activities and you can be sure of receiving the best possible rates around.
If you do not wish to book through the Bay of Islands Education Network, you are welcome to book direct. Please phone 0800 TUCKER or email us on firstname.lastname@example.com. Please check our schedule to see if the ship is available for your group.
For sailings outside our tourism season, please not we have limited availability due to our youth voyage schedule. We are happy to receive your enquiry but will operate a minimum of 3 hour sailings as the ship will be based at Opua.


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The Max Planck Fellow Programme promotes cooperation between outstanding university professors and Max Planck Society researchers. The appointment of university professors as Max Planck Fellows is limited to a five-year period and also entails the supervision of an own Max Planck working group at a Max Planck institute.
Currently, no Max Planck Fellow is active at the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology.
Former Fellows:
Professor Dr Klaus Fraedrich
Max Planck Fellow from 1 January 2008 to 31 December 2015
Currently guest in the department "The Atmosphere in the Earth System"
Emeritus Universität Hamburg, Meteorological Institute
Professor Dr Detlef Stammer
Max Planck Fellow from 1 September 2008 to 31 August 2013
Head Remote Sensing & Assimilation, Director of the Center for Earth System Research and Sustainability
Universität Hamburg, Institute of Oceanography


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An earlier post here discussed thoughts arising out of the unlikely combo of Carrol's "Existential Jesus" and Patella's "Lord of the Cosmos." One set of responses was too lengthy to be carried out in the tiny comment boxes so am extending the discussion here. read more
What they say about Vridar
"These reviews of yours are so bloody weird!"
— James Crossley, – April 2010
I find your blog most interesting and appreciate your ongoing effort to keep to the evidence for the issues discussed!
By the way, my thanks to Neil for an ongoing superb job of exposing Jim's review for what it is: a farcical and none too effective exercise in mythicism assassination, nothing to do with rational, let alone unbiased, scholarship. I'm also happy to see even Jim giving Neil credit where credit is due.
"Very good. This post is going straight to the March 2016 Biblical Studies Carnival."
—N.T. Wrong, – March 2016
"For an excellent example of generally high-quality scholarship by someone who isn't a biblical studies professor, see Neil Godfrey's work posted on the website vridar.org."
— Tom Dykstra, – JOCABS 2015
"I always enjoy reading Neil's blog because I think that he is careful, thorough, intellectually fair, and honest."
"Thanks for this detailed interaction! I'll try to offer something more substantial than "Thank you" in response at some point, but I didn't want to wait . . . to express appreciation for your detailed interaction with what I've written!"
— James McGrath, – June 2009
Note that I do not use the term 'amateur' pejoratively. . . . In fact, Godfrey is extremely well read and his librarian skills have brought many important academic works to my attention.
Raphael Lataster – August 2019
"I'd like to thank you for this very nice representation of what I was trying to show in the book. It's always gratifying when a reader zeroes in on exactly those aspects I thought were most interesting and most central to my argument. Thank you for this careful and engaged reading of my work – much appreciated!"
— Eva Mroczek, – June 2017
"Neil Godfrey and Tim Widowfield, who both write at Vridar . . . happen to be some of the most astute and well-read amateurs you can read on the internet on the subject of biblical historicity. I call them amateurs only for the reason that they don't have, so far as I know, advanced degrees in the subject. But I have often been impressed with their grasp of logic and analysis of scholarship. I don't always agree with them, but I respect their work."
I still wonder at all the material you turn out for Vridar. The more I read your stuff (and I still do, of course), the more I realize how much we all owe you. Your voice is unique.
— Earl Doherty, November 2013 (personal email)
"I think you have a high quality blog that provides a positive public service by discussing academic topics within a wider audience."
"I want to say here that this site is so resourceful and highly on top of the most modern scholarship in the areas discussed here. . . I know of no other site which offers a wide range of topics related to careful critical analysis of historically and scripturally related issues."
— Martin Lewadny, – March 2009
"Neil, You've done a clean job in your posting on 'Jesus the Healer'. It reflects well on you. Best, John"
— John Moles, September 2011 (personal email)
"Neil, this is actually rather useful. Good job."
"Neil, for what it is worth it is obvious to me that if you had earlier in life tracked into a graduate program at one of the world's leading research universities you would be one of the world's formidable ones. You are doing essentially the same quality now (apart from the philology and languages) except mostly sticking to commenting on others' work as informed comment/discussion."
Fantastic. I'm so glad you're helping to spread these ideas!
Nancy Fraser – June 2019 (personal email)
"I have found your website really valuable as an interpretive filter for Biblical scholarship, especially the origins of Christianity and historicity of Jesus issue. Your clarity of expression, fair comments and personal insights are much valued. I refer to your site frequently as yet more names and publications pop up requiring an academic critique and helpful recommendations for book purchases. So, please continue to delve deeply and share this intellectual sustenance with your grateful readers."
— Mary Booker, – February 2020 (personal email)
"Thanks for your very elaborate review! I realized that I hadn't added your blog to our blogroll. This oversight has been corrected. Looking forward to more segments."
"Many thanks for this post, and for the quality of your blog."
"Vridar is consistently thought-provoking, well-informed, and asking the right questions. There are intelligent, thoughtful comments and commenters regularly offering productive discussion. Books and publications are covered with a range of perspectives with attempts at fair and accurate representation of others' arguments and content (where there are occasional and inevitable missteps on that I notice Neil making corrections and apologies where warranted, which wins points with me). Please carry on."
"I've even been cited by atheists with approval (which I really don't know how to take, so thanks, I think, but I'm not sure, Vrider (even though I feel like I need to take a shower now))."
— Jim West, – September 2010
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- ABOUT VRIDAR: Authors' profiles (updated 14th March 2019)
- WHO's WHO: Mythicists and Mythicist Agnostics (Updated 2nd May 2020)
- HISTORICAL METHOD and the Question of Christian Origins
- ARCHIVES by TOPIC, Annotated (Updated 20 May 202)
- "Born of a Woman" / Galatians 4:4 INDEX
- "Rulers of this Age" in 1 Cor. 2:6-8
- Billionaire Logic and the Death of JFK
- Christ Among the Messiahs (Novenson)
- Daniel Gullotta's Review of Richard Carrier's On the Historicity of Jesus
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- Earl Doherty's response to Bart Ehrman's Did Jesus Exist?
- Earl Doherty's response to James McGrath's "review" of JNGNM & other criticisms (& misc)
- Roger Parvus: Letters Supposedly Written by Ignatius
- Roger Parvus: A Simonian Origin for Christianity
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- Ascension of Isaiah: Questioning Three of Earl Doherty's Arguments 2020-05-30 08:30:46 GMT+0000
- The End of Political Debate and the Creation of Alternative Reality 2020-05-30 00:50:48 GMT+0000
- Ascension of Isaiah: Other Questions 2020-05-28 23:54:27 GMT+0000
- Ascension of Isaiah: Questions 2020-05-27 00:00:31 GMT+0000
- Weaponization of Language (Part 5) — Our Virus Infected Speech 2020-05-25 08:19:58 GMT+0000
- Gospels Cut from Jewish Scriptures, #3 2020-05-23 09:31:18 GMT+0000
- Nazareth 2020-05-21 01:11:16 GMT+0000
- "Rulers of this Age" as part of an Interpolation into 1 Corinthians 2020-05-20 06:25:24 GMT+0000
- The Weaponization of Language (Part 4) – Disinformation and fake news 2020-05-19 05:14:26 GMT+0000
- King Arthur: Felled by Archaeology and DNA 2020-05-18 08:26:59 GMT+0000
- The Weaponization of Language (Part 3) – Propaganda 2020-05-17 07:43:50 GMT+0000
- Gospels Cut From Jewish Scriptures, #2 2020-05-16 07:24:17 GMT+0000
- The Weaponization of Language (Part 2a): Censorship update 2020-05-16 07:18:06 GMT+0000
- The Weaponization of Language (Part 2): Censorship 2020-05-15 00:14:49 GMT+0000
- Propaganda in Overdrive: The Weaponization of Language (Part 1) 2020-05-14 00:01:43 GMT+0000
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- "Why I Became a MAGA Conservative" 2020-05-11 04:41:06 GMT+0000
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text: Sciton Inc. has launched Joule, an aesthetic laser platform that offers multiple laser wavelengths delivered through any of three modes – arm, fiber or broadband light. The platform provides practitioners with an expanded range of procedures, including laser-assisted lipolysis, deep and fractional skin resurfacing, hair removal and vascular treatments. The treatment technology, OptiPlex, supports four laser bays and a pulsed light bay. Modules for the platform include the Contour TRL for tunable deep skin peeling; SkinTyte for firming of tissue; ClearScan for hair removal, and pigmented and vascular lesions; ThermaScan for nonablative treatment of fine lines and wrinkles; and Pro-V for treatment of leg veins.


text:
Good Reporting
The Five Ws
Any journalism course would probably start with the Five Ws, sometimes also known as the Five Ws and one H. A good report is supposed to answer six basic questions: What happened? Where and when did it happen? Who did it or was involved? Why did it all happen and how? Needless to say, the answers to all these questions are expected to be factual. Note also that none of them can be answered with a simple Yes or No.
The first three are fairly obvious, although your perspective would certainly affect, to a greater or lesser extent, the way you describe what happened. That's why Indymedia does not attempt to take an 'objective' or 'impartial' standpoint, the way mainstream media do to conceal their biases towards capitalism's power structures.
In reporting on major events, such as wars and big mibilisations, who and why become a real issue. Driven by their "worshipping of certainty", mainstream media often make up for not having the answer by recycling governments propaganda. So words like "terrorists", "anarchists" etc. fill in the gap of who, while phrases like "mindless violence", "rouge states" and so on give a false impression of knowing why.
A 'good report' would answer most, if not all, of thses questions in the first paragraph, known as the lead or abstract. For stylistic reasons, the answer to one question could be spread over a few sentences. Here is an example from an Indymedia feature (note the emphasis):
Over 250 Sub-Saharan Africans have been arrested by the Moroccan authorities in raids that took place in different quarters of Rabat on December 23rd, 2006. Among the arrested were women and children refugees and asylum seekers. Six buses, accompanied by the army, then carried them to Oujda on the Algerian borders. At about 11pm, the buses crossed the border at 3 different points and the migrants were left in the middle of nowhere. There are fears that these arrests are only the beginning of a mass deportation campaign to Algeria, or even into the desert, similar to what happened in September-October 2005.
Action Reports
A news item does not have to be a great piece of literature. It's purely functional and as long as you keep it fairly simple and direct.
The so-called Three Cs of journalism: clear, concise and correct. Clear means using a simple, straightforward language, avoiding ambiguity. Concise means your report should be as brief and short as possible. Correct is supposed to be using only facts and being 'objective'.
Be accurate! There's no point wildly over-estimating the numbers or effect of a protest, for instance, bearing in mind that the six people who turn up may all read what you've posted up on Indymedia and become confused. More to the point, they wouldn't believe anything else other people report there in the future.
Essential principles - a clear message and a logical flow. Anticipating and answering possible objections. Identifying the readers' needs. Selecting the best tone and style.
Mainstream journalists are trained (or should we say brain-washed?) to hide their own voices and use a standardized way of writing. Most people, however, have an authentic voice, which, when they connect with, allows them to express themselves forcefully and passionately. But in the written form, at least, fluency can be a rare commodity.
Mainstream journalists are also brain-washed into concealing their opinions, pretending to be 'obective' and 'impartial' (the so-called neutral point of view). We, however, don't have to do that: Have a point of view; it will help you, and your readers, if it's clear where you're coming from. But remember, a news report is not a column or analysis!
Structuring or planning your story
Get clear about the purpose of your report: what is it for? what is it supposed to achieve? and what do you need it to say? If you're not clear, your readers won't be either. It will help you a lot to sort the information or material you've got before you start writing.
The title or headline
It should be unique and specific (usually choose Tell the most important and unique thing). Should be short. Using verbs, present tense and active voice
The summary or abstract
After make sure the basic facts are there, the usual list of the Five Ws is often quite helpful. Never assume your readers know any of this in advance. Try to answer them in the first paragraph. But Don't make your first paragraph a boring list of facts - it's the first thing the reader sees, so make it interesting. It is often a good trick to get the interesting stuff in right at the beginning of your report, to entice people to read more and save them time in sifting through the details. For instance, don't kick off a report with something like "It was 8.45am when the hardy contingent of Bognor Regis anarchists started to gather in readiness for the day's assault on the capitalist system..." but with something like "Police used tear gas and water cannon as 10,000 anarchists barricaded the streets of Bognor Regis this afternoon..." You can then recap on the details.
Sources, witness acounts etc


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Dine in a historical ambience.
Dine in a cosy atmosphere as in the old days and celebrate your family events in a dignified setting.
Quench your thirst and satisfy your hunger with delicious food in the fresh mountain air.
End your day with a delicious drink in a convivial atmosphere.
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text:
COLDWATER, ON – Third-year Super Stock competitor Jade Franklin broke through for a top-5 finish in July 8th competition at Sunset Speedway.
The first-generation racer has endured a trying first half to his 2017 season, but registered his most impressive run thus far in Saturday's NWAAS action.
"Man, we needed this so badly, this is an incredible feeling," exclaimed Franklin post-race.
"It's awesome to have a group of people like we do that all move in the same direction and all want the same thing. It's like a machine. But, every once in a while, you have to put some gas in that machine, and that's what this finish tonight does".
Franklin credited his Jaded Motorsports team for working with him in recent weeks and is confident the team is headed for big things in the months to come.
"I can't possibly thank my guys enough for sticking with me through our rough patches," said Franklin. "My team, my parents and my sponsors have never stopped believing in what we can do – and that means so much. They doubted us".
"We've had some frustrating nights but we've gotten through it," added the Coldwater, ON racer. "I've been able to learn how to adjust when the car isn't perfect and that definitely helps".
When asked what he has planned for a follow-up, Franklin outlined just how paramount it is for the team to continue their recent improvement.
"Now we have to take this momentum and run with it," said Franklin. "A top-5 finish here is a big deal. We've got to strike while the iron's hot and follow up with another strong night next Saturday".
"We've got a great car, a great crew and it's all starting to come together for us. Next weekend we're going to be here ready to lay our cards on the table and take a shot at the podium".


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- Share
NIGHTLIFE: Food trucks, concerts and pubs—oh my!
Local brewery hosts Food Truck Fridays
Visit Claremont Craft Ales on Fridays and enjoy food truck favorites from 5 to 9 p.m. Claremont Craft Ales is located at 1420 N. Claremont Blvd. # 204 C. Food trucks are parked in the back of the building near the garage door.
3/29 Tortas 2 Die 4 Serving wraps, salads, tacos and sandwiches.
4/5 Calbi BBQ Featuring new generation tacos, the Calbi Burrito,
quesadillas and Calbi Rice Bowl.
4/12 The Grilled Cheese Truck Indulge in savory or sweet grilled cheese sandwiches with an array of dipping sauces and soup or sides.
CASA DE SALSA: 415 W. Foothill Blvd. This is a restaurant that offers weekly live entertainment. 445-1200.
—Thursday: Michael Ryan and Friends. 6 to 9 p.m.
—Friday through Sunday: Romantic guitarist Vicente Victoria. 5 p.m. to closing.
—Sunday: Mariachi San Pedro. 10 a.m. to 2 p.m.
ESPIAUS RESTAURANTE Y CANTINA: 109 Yale Ave., Claremont. Cantina remains open until flow of customers slows down. 621-1818.
EUREKA! GOURMET BURGERS & CRAFT BEER: 580 W. First St., Claremont. Open daily from 11 a.m. to midnight Sunday through Thursday and closes at 1 a.m. Friday and Saturday. "Hoppy" Hour daily from 2 to 6 p.m. 445-8875.
—Mondays: Local Mondays featuring $3 Dale Bros. Brewery pints.
—Tuesdays: 50 percent off all wines by the glass.
—Wednesdays: Steal-the-Glass craft beer of the week. Meet the brewer first Wednesday of every month.
—Thursday, April 4: All Tito's Vodka drinks $2 off and Eureka! Thursday Night Music featuring Craic Haus.
THE FOLK MUSIC CENTER: 220 Yale Ave., Claremont Village.
—Open Mic night, the last Sunday of every month. Sign-up begins at 6 p.m.; performances run from 6:30 to 9 p.m. Admission is $1. Info: 624-2928 or www.folkmusiccenter.com.
—Through March 30: The Friends of the Bernard Biological Field Station (FBBFS) are having their annual silent auction of works by local artists during the month of March. Ceramics, glass, paintings, jewelry, textiles, and more are up for bid. Items can be seen in the window of the Folk Music Center. Bids can be left any day except Mondays from now through March 30. FBBFS is a non-profit organization dedicated to education and the environment.
—Saturday, April 20: The Dustbowl Revival is a Venice, California-based roots collective that merges old school bluegrass, gospel, jug band, swamp blues and hot swing of the 1930s. Performance at 7:30 p.m., doors open at 7 p.m. $10.
FLAPPERS COMEDY: 540 W. First St., Claremont Packing House. 18+. Show times: Friday and Saturday at 8 p.m. and 10 p.m. Tickets can be purchased online or at the door.
—March 29 and 30: KT Tatara's comedy is sometimes brutally honest and provides unique insight into timeless topics such as gender roles and race. He has performed across the country and is one of the most requested comedians on the college circuit.
—April 5 and 6: Deven and Joel Comedy Duo have been performing from coast to coast since 1998. This comedy couple is best known for their satire and music parodies.
FOX THEATER POMONA: 301 S. Garey Ave., Pomona. www.foxpomona.com.
—Friday, April 19: Bullet for my Valentine.
—Thursday, April 25: Crystal Castles.
THE GLASS HOUSE: 200 W. Second St., Pomona. 865-3802.
HIP KITTY JAZZ & FONDUE: 502 W. First St., Claremont Packing House. Tuesday through Sunday, 5:30 p.m. to 2 a.m. Live jazz every night. Admission: 2-drink minimum. Info: 447-6700 or www.hipkittyjazz.com.
—Friday, March 29: Hobo Jazz (swing). 8 p.m. $5 cover charge.
—Saturday, March 30: Rumble King (rock 'n roll). 8 p.m. $5 cover charge.
—Sunday, April 1: Refugio Instrumental Blues Band (Instumental). 7 p.m.
—Tuesday, April 2: Ladies Night (female DJs). 9 p.m.
—Wednesday, April 3: Open Jam Night the Claremont Voodoo Society. (jazz). 8 p.m.
—Thursday, April 4: The Lounge Trio at 7 p.m. and Beat Cinema (DJ) at 10 p.m.
—Friday, April 5: Flattop Tom & His Jump Cats (swing/jump blues). 8 p.m. $5 cover charge.
—Saturday, April 6: Ginger and the Hoosier Daddys (rock 'n roll). 8 p.m. $5 cover charge.
HOTEL CASA 425: 425 W. First St., Claremont. Call 624-2272 or visit www.casa425.com.
THE PRESS RESTAURANT: 129 Harvard Ave., Claremont Village. Thursday through Saturday until 2 a.m. Live DJ every Thursday at 11 p.m. 21+ after 9 p.m. Standing room only after 9:30 p.m. No cover. 625-4808.
—Friday, March 29: Bill & Cristi (American songbook). 10 p.m.
—Saturday, March 30: Former Friends of Young Americans (indie). 10 p.m.
—Tuesday, April 2: King Trivia Night. Answer trivia questions for a chance to win beer. 9:30 p.m.
—Wednesday, April 3: Half-off Wine Wednesday. 11 a.m. to closing.
—Thursday, April 4: Baldy Mountain Jazz Band (jazz). 8 p.m.
—Friday, April 5: Mr. Squeeze and the Medicine Show (Americana). 8 p.m.
—Saturday, April 6: Soul Track Mind (funk/R&B/jazz). 10 p.m.
PIANO PIANO: 555 W. Foothill Blvd., Claremont. Live dueling piano show times: Wednesday and Thursday, 9 p.m. to 1 a.m. Friday and Saturday, 8 p.m. to 1 a.m. 21+. $5 cover charge on Fridays and Saturdays after 8 p.m. (no cover charge with student ID). 547-4266.
—Tuesdays: Taco Tuesday with $1 tacos, $2 Coronas and $3 margaritas. Rock the mic or jam with the band.
—Wednesdays: "Rockstar Karaoke." Rock the mic or jam with the band. $2 Bud Lights and $4 Vodka Rockstars. 9 p.m.
WALTER'S RESTAURANT: 310 Yale Ave., Claremont. VIP and fire pit lounge open from 7 to 10 p.m. 767-2255.
—Fridays: Gypsy Kings Style Spanish Guitar. Enjoy the authentic sounds of Kimera during your dinner/appetizers and drinks in the VIP lounge. 7 to 10 p.m.
WINE MERCHANTS: Claremont Packing House, 540 W. First St., Claremont. 445-9463. Mondays call, Tuesday through Thursday: 11 a.m. to 9 p.m., Friday and Saturday: 11 a.m. to 12 a.m., Sunday: 12 p.m. to 7 p.m.
Jenelle Rensch covers the calendar, arts and entertainment. Deadline: Thursday at 5 p.m., one week before publication. Include date, time, address, a contact phone number and fee for admission (if applicable). Email: email@example.com. Fax: 621-4072. Address: 1420 N. Claremont Blvd., Suite 205-B, Claremont, 91711. There is NO guarantee that items submitted will be published.


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Account books and correspondence regarding barques captained by Martin Leslie Forbes
- MS-2-400, SF Box 42, Folder 5
- File
- 1877-1886
Forbes, Martin Leslie, 1843-1919
Account books and correspondence regarding barques captained by Martin Leslie Forbes
Forbes, Martin Leslie, 1843-1919
James E. Dickie and Company fonds
This fonds consists of documents illustrating the diverse interests of James Edward Dickie and his family. While nearly all of the records date from the ownership of the Stewiacke general store by James E. Dickie and his son Edwin, the fonds does contain one letter-book from 1924, when James R. Fulton managed the store.
This fonds consists of documents which fall into three main categories: business records related to the companies owned by the Dickies; correspondence which contains a mixture of both personal and business records; as well as the personal records of the Dickie family.
The fonds contains the following series: General Store (J.E. Dickie and Company; J.E. Dickie and Son; Edwin Dickie); Lumber Company (Dickie and Company); Nova Scotia Telephone Company; Stewiacke Valley and Lansdowne Railroad; Letters and Communications; James Edward Dickie; Harriet Tupper (Mrs. James E. Dickie); Edwin Dickie; Rev. Dr. Henry Dickie; and Rachel Dickie (Upham? – lodger in 1901 census).
James E. Dickie and Company.
Scott Paper Company.
Frieze and Roy.
Simpson family
Atlantic Symphony Orchestra fonds
Atlantic Symphony Orchestra (Halifax, N.S.).
Bigelow Family
Robinson, William R.
Robert Dawson and Son.
Account journal and letter of Charles Tupper Logan
Logan, Charles Tupper, 1867-1961
Adams and Knickle Limited.
Marine Workers Federation fonds
Marine Workers Federation.
Morse, J.E.
La Have Outfitting Company fonds
La Have Outfitting Company.
This fonds consists of records which document the personal and business activities and interests of Alfred Dickie and, to a lesser extent, those of his immediate family and employees. Although the records span Dickie's lifetime, few relate to his childhood, education, or final two years of life. Some items, in particular those concerning his export lumber business or his travels, derive from various places in North and South America, the Caribbean, Europe, and South Africa, though by far the majority are found to be located within Nova Scotia.
The fonds includes correspondence, business and administrative records, speeches, photographs, legal documents, and plans, among other materials. Records are chiefly in English, although a very small portion are in French, Norwegian, Finnish, Spanish, and Italian.
Dickie, Alfred
Pickford and Black Limited fonds
Pickford and Black Ltd.


text:
Chocolate comes from a tropical tree that is believed to have originated in Ecuador. It became a popular part of the diets that the native people enjoyed, along with other native plants, such as corn and potatoes, which were completely unheard of in Europe. By the 16th century the Spanish were acquiring great amounts of knowledge from their meetings with the civilisations of the New World. It was the Spanish that introduced chocolate to the Western world. They discovered that the Central Americans drank the bitter drink with pepper and spices and the conquistadors preferred to sweeten their beverage with cane sugar. Starting with the Spanish Monarchy, this new brown drink spread initially to Italy, France and then on to the rest of Europe. Later in Italy, the solid chocolate bar was invented and now, in the 21st century, it is one of the most popular food types and flavours in the world.
This week however, a new study has suggested that chocolate is not only delicious but also beneficial to our bodies. Solid bar chocolate is one of the richest sources of flavanols we have in our diet. These are naturally occurring molecules that are biologically active and are also found in tea leaves and certain fruits and vegetables. The study suggests that age-related memory loss can be reduced by a higher intake of flavanols. Great news for Chocolate lovers:
As people age, they typically show some decline in cognitive abilities, including learning and remembering such things as the names of new acquaintances or where one parked the car or placed one's keys. This normal age-related memory decline starts in early adulthood but usually does not have any noticeable impact on quality of life until people reach their fifties or sixties. Age-related memory decline is different from the often-devastating memory impairment that occurs with Alzheimer's, in which a disease process damages and destroys neurons in various parts of the brain, including the memory circuits.
In the CUMC study, 37 healthy volunteers, ages 50 to 69, were randomized to receive either a high-flavanol diet (900 mg of flavanols a day) or a low-flavanol diet (10 mg of flavanols a day) for three months. The high-flavanol group also performed significantly better on the memory test. "If a participant had the memory of a typical 60-year-old at the beginning of the study, after three months that person on average had the memory of a typical 30- or 40-year-old," said Dr. Small. He cautioned, however, that the findings need to be replicated in a larger study -- which he and his team plan to do.
Nevertheless, you still need to be careful about which chocolate you buy. To acquire a high level of flavanols then you will need to buy chocolate that has a high percentage of cocoa. These types of bars are often called "dark chocolate" and don't contain milk. They also have much less sugar than the low cocoa chocolates and so it is better for you in two ways. Luckily for you, in Barcelona you can some of the best brands of chocolate worldwide, organically sourced ingredients and toasted and produced here in Cataluña:
Blanxart and Chocolate Solé
For reference
Adam M Brickman, Usman A Khan, Frank A Provenzano, Lok-Kin Yeung, Wendy Suzuki, Hagen Schroeter, Melanie Wall, Richard P Sloan, Scott A Small. Enhancing dentate gyrus function with dietary flavanols improves cognition in older adults. Nature Neuroscience, 2014; DOI: 10.1038/nn.3850


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Trump Administration's Missile Strikes against Syria Break International Law
The Trump administration's missile strikes against Syria targeted three sites reportedly fundamental to the Assad regime's chemical weapons infrastructure. The idea, we're told, is to degrade the regime's ability to use chemical weapons and deter Assad from using them on his own people in the future, and thereby enforce the international norm prohibiting chemical weapons warfare.
But the only norm we're really enforcing is the one that says the United States is exempt from the laws and norms by which our adversaries must abide.
One of the core tenets of the post‐World War II "liberal world order" that America supposedly leads is that the use of force against another country is prohibited unless it is taken in self‐defense or it has the support of the United Nations Security Council. By bombing the Assad regime in the absence of these prerequisites, the Trump administration is acting unlawfully.
Not only do we consistently act above the laws and norms we bomb others for violating, we also apply these standards selectively. If international humanitarian law and the laws of war really concerned the White House, for example, it would immediately halt its support for Saudi Arabia's war in Yemen, where they have killed more than 10,000 people and have been accused of committing war crimes by bombing schools, hospitals and other civilian infrastructure. The Saudis, with American complicity, have also imposed a severe blockade on Yemen, effectively blocking humanitarian aid for millions of Yemenis at risk of starvation and suffering from easily curable diseases.
The case for bombing Syria for the sake of humanitarian goals is weak for another reason: While chemical weapons occupy a special place in our minds as a particularly cruel form of warfare, they are actually far less lethal than the conventional military means by which most Syrians have been killed or maimed in this vicious civil war. The message we seem to be sending is that the Assad regime can't use chemical weapons again, though it can go on killing people with bombs and bullets.
Americans should also be concerned about the rule of law in our own country. The President is not vested with the power to bomb any country in the world at his own whim. His war powers are constrained by the Constitution, which grants Congress the power to authorize military action abroad. As the Constitution's lead framer, James Madison, once wrote, "In no part of the constitution is more wisdom to be found than in the clause which confides the question of war or peace to the legislature, and not to the executive department."
The United States is apparently so addicted to war in the Middle East, which has persisted nonstop for more than 17 years, that the rule of law and our own hypocrisy are feeble barriers to its continuance.
The truth is that these strikes were designed to be extremely limited in scope, so as to avoid changing any strategic or tactical realities on the battlefield. The Trump administration knows the chaos that would erupt if the Assad regime were to collapse. Defense Secretary James Mattis called them a "show strike." And it is for show. These strikes won't tangibly improve the Syrian civil war and they won't ease humanitarian suffering. What they have done is satisfy the irrational need to "do something." Anything, apparently.


text:
Introduction It is a cold, winter day in the middle of December, and you are looking for a warm, comfortable place to go and get some work done. You decide to head to the local Starbucks on the corner, where you order a tall Peppermint Mocha—with whipped cream and chocolate syrup, of course. You then … Continue reading
Tag Archives: Consumer
Whole Foods Market: Can consumers be selfish and help society at the same time?
Happily healthy Whole Foods really has it all? I will soon find out. In Paper 2, I will investigate Whole Foods Market and its mission, business model, and relationship between what the company portrays as truly important to its mission and what its actions are really telling customers. After reading Josée Johnston's article called "The … Continue reading
Feeling Horse?
The recent IKEA scandal in which they found large amounts of horse DNA in their Swedish Meat Balls drew attention to the fact that we don't always know what it is we are eating. As a consumer we are essentially forced to put complete faith in the provider of the food that it is essentially … Continue reading
Scary Consequences of Data Mining
Most people are aware that companies collect personal information about consumers for business purposes, such as marketing. Data is collected by observing consumers, tracking credit card purchases, tracking purchases with rewards or loyalty cards, and monitoring everything that happens online. I have never cared that data is being collected about me because I have "nothing … Continue reading