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Message Queues Over Websockets With JavaScript
Robert Decker - Saturday, June 18, 2016
Here I present a brief introduction to message queues and how they can be used over Websockets with Javascript and the Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) protocol to provide notifications between multiple javascript clients.
1. Introduction
While developing web applications developers will often find the need to have actions or underlying changes by multiple clients and server applications be communicated between all clients live and without user interaction.
One simple way of doing this is by having clients poll the system for changes. However, this quickly leads to performance issues due to every client hitting the server periodically whether or not there are changes that need to be communicated.
A better solution is to use a messaging system to push action/change notifications between the clients. By using messaging a client initiating the change will push a notification to all other clients through a message broker. When a client receives a notification by another client it can then decide if it needs to access the server to retrieve updated information.
Here I provide a simple introduction to message queuing and provide a simple example of using JavaScript to send and receive messages over Websockets using the Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) protocol.
1.1 Broker
A message broker is simply a middleware that validates, transforms, and routes messages between clients. Each client is decoupled from the other clients and is only aware of the broker, simplifying the overall system.
fig. 1, broker with clients
Apache ActiveMQ is a powerful open source message broker that supports multiple protocols and communication channels. It has libraries in Java, JavaScript, .NET, Ruby on Rails, and many other languages. ActiveMQ is an ideal broker when you have multiple software modules written in multiple languages communicating over multiple protocols and communication channels.
1.2 Point-to-Point and Publish-Subscribe Messaging
There are two approaches to messaging: point-to-point and publish-subscribe. In point-to-point messaging a message is sent from one application (producer) to one other application (consumer) via a queue. Point-to-point messaging is best for passing a unit of work between applications.
Usually in point-to-point messaging your queues will have names that include
their function and clients will subscribe to these queues to pick up the
next unit of work. For example:
Because point-to-point messaging is queue based you are able to run any number of clients at each step in order to keep the system running at full capacity.
fig. 2, point-to-point messaging
In publish-subscribe messaging a message is sent from one application (producer) to multiple applications (subscribers) through a topic. All subscribers to a topic will receive any messages published to that topic. Publish-subscribe messaging is best used for sending logging type information and notifications of actions/changes.
fig. 3, publish-subscribe messaging
In publish-subscribe messaging your topics will have more generic names and the message itself will contain the type of action or change.
topic: /web_app/1/general
payload: {message_type=10, client_id="web_app-13422"}
1.3 Message Queueing Telemetry Transport (MQTT)
Using the Paho JavaScript library you are able to connect your JavaScript clients to a message broker using a publish-subscribe messaging model.
2. Simple JavaScript Example
- Download the latest Apache ActiveMQ here.
- Within the ActiveMQ directory review the file
conf/activemq.xml to confirm that the ws (websocket) protocol is active
and on port 61614. At this time, leave the other protocols active as
well as I will be showing examples in a future post for connecting from
java and ruby. The transportConnectors section should look like:
<transportConnectors>  <transportConnector name="openwire" uri="tcp://0.0.0.0:61616?maximumConnections=1000&wireFormat.maxFrameSize=104857600"/> <transportConnector name="amqp" uri="amqp://0.0.0.0:5672?maximumConnections=1000&wireFormat.maxFrameSize=104857600"/> <transportConnector name="stomp" uri="stomp://0.0.0.0:61613?maximumConnections=1000&wireFormat.maxFrameSize=104857600"/> <transportConnector name="mqtt" uri="mqtt://0.0.0.0:1883?maximumConnections=1000&wireFormat.maxFrameSize=104857600"/> <transportConnector name="ws" uri="ws://0.0.0.0:61614?maximumConnections=1000&wireFormat.maxFrameSize=104857600"/> </transportConnectors>
- Launch ActiveMQ. You can find the appropriate launcher for your operating system in the bin/
directory within the AcitveMQ folder you downloaded in step 2.
There is no need to do any further configuration of ActiveMQ. You can log into the admin console of your local ActiveMQ here:Default login is admin/admin but you can confirm by looking in conf/jetty-realm.properties
- Download the eclipse project's Paho MQTT JavaScript client mqttws31.js from here. (Scroll down to the download section and get only the js file - not all of the Paho files). I also include this file in my example files in step #5.
- Download my example files here and unzip the directory.
- Open the mqtt_example/example_mq.html webpage in two or more browser windows.
In each window you should see a text area and some debug information like the following:
- Now type text into each window and view the output in the
other window. Here is an example - window 1 is first and window 2 is
second and I am typing in window 2.
window 1:
window 2:Window 2 shows the payload before being sent to the broker. Window 1 shows the 'message' field of the payload after it is received from the broker and decoded from the json payload.
Review the full code below and the comments to get a better understanding of what is happening.
See http://127.0.0.1:8161/admin/topics.jsp to see your broker topic and the number of messages that have been transferred.
3. Conclusion
Here I presented an introduction to message queues and brokers and provided an example of using a publish-subscribe messaging system to send information between multiple JavaScript clients with the MQTT protocol over Websockets through a broker.
I chose to use ActiveMQ as the broker in my example because next I will provide additional examples in Ruby and Java which will require communication with the broker over protocols other than MQTT over Websockets, specifically STOMP and OpenWire.
Later I will also provide more detail on how this system would be configured and used in a secure production environment.
4. Full Code

  <textarea id="textarea"></textarea>
 debug:

/** * MYMQ encapsulates communication with message queues over a Paho MQTT client. * Connects to a general queue for the application * Automatically reconnects the client if disconnected * * public functions * connect: connect to the message broker * mqhost - the message broker host * useSSL - boolean for if ssl enabled * returns: a PAHO mqtt client * * disconnect: disconnect the client from the broker * * send: send a message to the broker. wraps the message into a json object before sending * txt - the text message to send to the other clients */ var MYMQ = (function() { // private vars var appName = "mqexample"; // to separate different application topics var mq_v = 1; // message queue version. should only use whole numbers because '.' can be escaped by different libraries var client; // the mqttws client that does all of the work // we hold these vars so that we can reconnect automatically when a connection is lost var host; // the message broker location var uSSL; var destination; // the topic being subsbcribed to // the message types var TYPE_USER_SENT_MESSAGE = 10; // the json keys in the payload var PAYLOAD_KEY_TYPE = "type"; var PAYLOAD_KEY_MESSAGE = "message"; var PAYLOAD_KEY_CLIENTID = "clientid"; // private functions. scroll to bottom to see the public functions // we have a private connect that is called from the public connect // method and is also used to reconnect automatically when // connnection is lost function internalConnect(mqHost, useSSL) { host = mqHost; uSSL = useSSL; // set up our topic/destination that we subscribe to destination = 'jms/astra/mq/' + mq_v + '/general'; // need to create a unique clientId for each client var clientId = appName + "-" + (Math.floor(Math.random() * 100000)); debug("opening " + (uSSL ? "ssl" : "non-ssl") + " websocket to host:" + host + " as clientId:" + clientId); client = new Paho.MQTT.Client(host, clientId); // set our callbacks client.onConnect = onConnect; client.onMessageArrived = onMessageArrived; client.onConnectionLost = onConnectionLost; // now do our connection to the broker client.connect({ useSSL:uSSL, onSuccess:onConnect, onFailure:onFailure }); return client; } // the client is notified when it is connected to the server. // Once connected we subscribe to our topic function onConnect(frame) { debug("connected to activemq. client:" + client + " subscribing to " + destination); client.subscribe(destination); } // just print the error message function onFailure(failure) { debug("failure: " + failure.errorMessage); } // the following connect codes come from mqttws.js // OK: {code:0, text:"AMQJSC0000I OK."}, // CONNECT_TIMEOUT: {code:1, text:"AMQJSC0001E Connect timed out."}, // SUBSCRIBE_TIMEOUT: {code:2, text:"AMQJS0002E Subscribe timed out."}, // UNSUBSCRIBE_TIMEOUT: {code:3, text:"AMQJS0003E Unsubscribe timed out."}, // PING_TIMEOUT: {code:4, text:"AMQJS0004E Ping timed out."}, // INTERNAL_ERROR: {code:5, text:"AMQJS0005E Internal error. Error Message: {0}, Stack trace: {1}"}, // CONNACK_RETURNCODE: {code:6, text:"AMQJS0006E Bad Connack return code:{0} {1}."}, // SOCKET_ERROR: {code:7, text:"AMQJS0007E Socket error:{0}."}, // SOCKET_CLOSE: {code:8, text:"AMQJS0008I Socket closed."}, // MALFORMED_UTF: {code:9, text:"AMQJS0009E Malformed UTF data:{0} {1} {2}."}, // UNSUPPORTED: {code:10, text:"AMQJS0010E {0} is not supported by this browser."}, // INVALID_STATE: {code:11, text:"AMQJS0011E Invalid state {0}."}, // INVALID_TYPE: {code:12, text:"AMQJS0012E Invalid type {0} for {1}."}, // INVALID_ARGUMENT: {code:13, text:"AMQJS0013E Invalid argument {0} for {1}."}, // UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION: {code:14, text:"AMQJS0014E Unsupported operation."}, // INVALID_STORED_DATA: {code:15, text:"AMQJS0015E Invalid data in local storage key={0} value={1}."}, // INVALID_MQTT_MESSAGE_TYPE: {code:16, text:"AMQJS0016E Invalid MQTT message type {0}."}, // MALFORMED_UNICODE: {code:17, text:"AMQJS0017E Malformed Unicode string:{0} {1}."}, function onConnectionLost(responseObject) { var errorCode = responseObject.errorCode; if (errorCode !== 0) { debug("connection lost: " + client.clientId + " errocCode:" + errorCode + " msg:" + responseObject.errorMessage); switch(errorCode) { case 5: /* This is probably an unsupported browser version. Don't try to reconnect. Provide a message to your user like: var msg = "Unable to connect to message queue server. You will not receive real-time automatic UI updates."; msg = msg + "
Mininum browser versions to use this application are:"; msg = msg + "
 Internet Explorer 10"; msg = msg + "
 Firefox 21"; msg = msg + "
 Chrome 21"; msg = msg + "
 Safari 6"; msg = msg + "
 Opera 12.1"; msg = msg + "
 iOS (Safari) 6"; msg = msg + "
 Android OS 4.4"; msg = msg + "
The exact error is:" + responseObject.errorMessage; */ break; default: // reconnect to broker internalConnect(host, uSSL); break; } } } // this allows us to display debug logs directly on the web page var debug = function(str) { var mq_debug = document.getElementById("mq_debug") if (mq_debug) { mq_debug.insertAdjacentHTML("afterbegin", Math.floor(Date.now() / 1000) + " " + str + "\n"); } }; function onMessageArrived(jsonMessage) { debug("jsonMessage arrived:" + jsonMessage); try { // the payload comes in json format. See public send method. var json = JSON.parse(jsonMessage.payloadString); // ignore messages coming from our own client var clientid = json[PAYLOAD_KEY_CLIENTID] if (clientid == client.clientId) { debug(".onMessageArrived ignoring message from self clientId:" + clientid); return; } // find the message type and do the appropriate action based on the type var type = json[PAYLOAD_KEY_TYPE]; switch(type) { case TYPE_USER_SENT_MESSAGE: // a user sent a message that we've received var message = json[PAYLOAD_KEY_MESSAGE]; messageReceived(message, clientid); break; default: debug(".onMessageArrived cannot understand type:" + type); break; } } catch(err) { var str = "error processing jms message err:" + err; str = str + "
destination/source:" + jsonMessage.destinationName; str = str + "
payload:" + jsonMessage.payloadString; debug(str); } } // called from onMessageArrived callback based on the message type TYPE_USER_SENT_MESSAGE function messageReceived(message, clientid) { debug(".messageReceived message:" + message); var message_box = document.getElementById(clientid); if (message_box == null) { // insert the message box for this from client because it doesn't exist on the page yet var clients_box = document.getElementById("client_messages"); clients_box.insertAdjacentHTML("beforeend", clientid + ':' + '

'); // ' here to fix bug appearance of code message_box = document.getElementById(clientid); } if (message_box) { // replace the contents of the message box of this client with the message message_box.innerHTML = message; } } // public methods and vars go here return { connect: function(mqHost, useSSL) { // we have a private internalConnect method that we call from here. return internalConnect(mqHost, useSSL); }, disconnect: function() { client.disconnect(); }, send: function(txt) { // build the json string for the payload. Little hacky because I'm // not using any third-party libraries to build the json var jsonPayload = '{' + '"'+PAYLOAD_KEY_CLIENTID+'"' + ':' + '"'+client.clientId+'"' + ',' + '"'+PAYLOAD_KEY_TYPE+'"' + ':' + TYPE_USER_SENT_MESSAGE + ',' + '"'+PAYLOAD_KEY_MESSAGE+'"' + ':' + '"'+txt+'"' +'}'; // {"clientid":"mqexample-72178","type":10,"message":"hi there"} debug("sending payload:" + jsonPayload); var message = new Paho.MQTT.Message(jsonPayload); message.destinationName = destination; // the topic/queue client.send(message); // sends to the destination/topic on the broker } }; })();


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The RZ series positive displacement flowmeter is the solution to applications requiring precision flow measurement from a sanitary design. With an accuracy of ± 0.15% over the operational rate, the RZ is an excellent choice for beverage syrups, clear juices and other products which flow through process lines which are cleaned in place. Designed for use in food processing applications, the RZ is capable of measuring a wide range of products from water to viscous corn syrups.
The RZ is comprised of a single moving part design, measurement is based on the principle of a chamber and rotating piston which create several internal chambers which are alternately filling and emptying as the piston moves in a circular path within the chamber. The electronic sensing of the pistons position and movement provides the information necessary to measure the exact volume of liquid which has passed through the flowmeter. Available in 2" and 3" sizes to fit a wide range of applications, and flow ranges, the RZ can provide the performance necessary to satisfy demanding food process applications.
- ± 0.15% accuracy over flow range
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- Water
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subset: commoncrawl


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Before Saturday's game against the A's at Yankee Stadium, Yankees manager Aaron Boone said he has no plans to drop the struggling Didi Gregorius in the lineup or move the red-hot rookie Gleyber Torres up, though that could change.
The players played the game, but black people weren't exactly the target audience — despite the money they spent on sneakers and jerseys, and despite how, in the NBA's case, its slick ad campaigns used black culture to sell the sport. The players were recognizing that if they remained quiet, they had money but no power, money but no wealth, money but no greater belief that they were making a difference.
They were being purchased. A collective light was going on. All the money and the commercials, the houses and the private jets and the fame, had greenwashed them, and when so many players looked in the mirror after watching Eric Garner be choked to death by the state, they realized they had lost themselves.
The 6-foot-2, 302-pound McClain will provide depth and experience along the interior of Atlanta's defensive line. He joins Grady Jarrett, rookie Deadrin Senat and Garrison Smith, among other defensive tackles currently on the Falcons ' roster.
McClain previously signed a four-year, $21 million contract with the Redskins in 2017, but Washington released him on April 30 after using a first-round pick on defensive tackle Daron Payne.
McClain's production the past season likely didn't help his cause in Washington, as he appeared in 12 games with two starts and totaled 20 tackles (17 solo) and two sacks.
The 29-year-old McClain entered the league in 2011 out of South Florida as a third-round pick with the Carolina Panthers. In addition to spending with Washington last year, he had stints with the Patriots (2012), Texans (2012-13) and Cowboys (2014-16).


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I've been lucky enough to have travelled to some amazing parts of the world with my boyfriend, and yes it isn't always glorious. I can honestly say we very rarely argue, in fact I don't think we've ever argued. But when you're stressed, under immense pressure, tired and in a foreign land, the only way to relieve those pent up feelings is to take it out on the person to your immediate left. Poor J.
I noticed it more going through Asia, especially when time was tight to get our Visas processed on time in order to get across the border to Cambodia and then Vietnam. I think it's because I'm a worrier and J is the most relaxed person in the world. (I've only ever seen him angry once, and that was because he lost a football bet.)
That being said, that's also a reason why we work. We compliment each other. My strengths uplift his flaws, and his mine. And I think it's important to notice these things when on the road.
I've written a few other points below that allowed us maintain our relationship while on the road!
1. Respect each other's space
I don't know about yourself, but I absolutely do not mind being on my own. So when you find someone that you love, and spend every second with, things can get overwhelming – and this is only heightened when you are away from home. When you're travelling, sometimes there's this pressure to visit every attraction, get the best photos for Instagram and have the go to the craziest parties. But no, long-term travel is more than that, it's about adjusting to your new surroundings and making it your own. Don't treat it like a vacation because that's when you put pressure on yourself to always be the best you; just do your usual thing – read that book, scroll through Facebook, watch a few episodes of you favourite tv show. Giving each other space to do what you want to do in free time is what will keep things fresh: absence makes the heart grow fonder, right?
2.Compromise now and again
This is an easy one, and one that should probably be applied when on the road and at home! Like I said before, J and I get on really well and there's not a lot that I like that he doesn't. Usually the things I'm compromising on is allowing J to buy really unnecessary/pointless things. Compromising allows the opportunity for both of you to do what you want to do, and more importantly, doing it together.
3.Respect their fears / goals
This can probably be linked back to the last point, you need to be able to understand and respect that your partner's reason for travelling might be different from yours; and that anything you think is a 'must-do', might not be as important to them.Yours might be to see every tourist hot spot to tick off that bucket list, but theirs might be to see the country through a more casual, laid-back approach. Hopefully if you do point 2, then point 3 will come easy.
4.Make friends
Travelling the world with your other half, hand in hand, sound amazing on paper but when put into practice I think it puts a bit of a strain on any relationship – not just romantic. It's good to make friends, even another couple or group of friends. Hostels are a great way to meet travellers, and I promise they will be friends for life!
5.Be positive
You can hit a few nasty speed bumps on your road, most popular include losing passport, denied/no visa, having very little money to spend. But it is highly important to stay positive and remember why you started travelling in the first place.
6.Keep your privacy
We all know bunking up with 12 other travellers in a mixed dorm room is the most cost-effective method of accommodation. Why not treat yourself to a private room, or luxury hotel room with spa facilities? After spending your days as part of large tour groups, have some alone with just the two of you. Like before, it's important to maintain the balance between being social and having alone time together.
7.Splurge on home comforts – treat yourself
This one applies to anyone on the road. If you feel stressed or home sick why not treat yourself to a little something that reminds you of home? I know a lot of people will be saying "Oh but you're in Asia, why would you go and pay £1.50 for a Snickers bar?!" But that's ok, do what YOU want and don't let anyone tell you what is right and what is wrong when travelling!
8.Surprise each other
I don't know about you, but I love surprising people with little gifts, it's such a good feeling making other people happy. Surprising your other half could be anything from secretly booking a luxury hotel room for a few nights to buying that snickers bar! woo!
Do you have any tips or tricks for travelling with your other half?


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MORE than £1.6 million has been raised in Scotland to help aid teams fight Ebola in west Africa.
The money has allowed the Disasters Emergency Committee (DEC) to reach eight million people in Sierra Leone, Liberia and surrounding countries with medicines, food and information campaigns on the disease.
Almost 5,000 people have died and about 13,000 have been infected with Ebola since the start of the year, with the true numbers feared to be up to three times higher, according to the World Health Organisation (WHO).
Infection rates in Sierra Leone and Liberia continue to grow in the deadliest outbreak since the disease was discovered in 1976.
The money raised in Scotland is part of £20 million raised so far across the UK in a DEC appeal and includes £5 million in government matched funding.
David Miller, chair of the DEC Ebola Crisis appeal in Scotland, said: "The response of people in Scotland, and indeed throughout the UK, has been absolutely fantastic.
"Once again, people have demonstrated their great generosity. The DEC is extremely grateful for the kindness donors have shown in supporting our unprecedented appeal for the Ebola crisis and can only say 'thank you'.
"Our member agencies have already done a great deal to help stop the spread of the virus and support those caught up in the crisis, but there is still so much more to do."
The money raised has helped to get treatment for some of the people infected, test people for the disease, train volunteers and support survivors and the families of victims.
Dr Roger Alcock, who works at Forth Valley Royal Hospital in Larbert, is travelling to Port Loko in Sierra Leone to help with the relief effort.
The doctor was previously chief medic with Raleigh International in Namibia and has worked as an expedition doctor for Across the Divide in Cuba, Peru, China, Nepal, Tanzania and Arctic Norway. He will take part in nine days of training before joining other medical teams in west Africa.
Dr Alcock said: "This is a medical humanitarian crisis and urgent medical help is required. It is important that we control and contain the virus to prevent its spread out-with west Africa.
"I have the training and experience to be able to go to Sierra Leone and have received tremendous support from colleagues, friends and family."
Health Secretary Alex Neil said: "It is always inspiring to see health professionals volunteering to go abroad to help tackle medical emergencies.
"The Ebola outbreak has had a devastating impact on some of the world's poorest communities, and the courage and dedication of people like Dr Roger Alcock is playing a key role in the effort to bring the disease under control.
"More than 50 health workers from Scotland have already volunteered to go to west Africa to help with the response. I have personally written to NHS chief executives to reiterate our full support for these volunteers.
"I would like to extend my sincere thanks to all Scottish aid workers, health workers and other support staff who are doing their bit to help the people of Sierra Leone, Guinea and Liberia."
Last month, the Scottish Government donated £500,000 to the WHO and £300,000 of medical supplies to the six government-funded, charity-run clinics in Sierra Leone.


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Arts in Punjab
The fashion capital for juttis and phulkari dupattas!
Located in North India, Punjab has a whole lot of things going right from it, including incredible monuments, delicious food and shops filled with some really spectacular products. For a crafts hunter, Punjab is a treasure chest unlike any other state, where almost each village has something unique and fun to delight shopaholics.
You know you have arrived in Patiala when you find bazaars filled to the brim with colourful jootis (from ₹400), parandi hair accessories (from ₹200), and pretty, hand-woven phulkari dupattas (from ₹1,000). Qila Bazaar, around the fort, is one of the city's oldest markets and is predictably chaotic, colourful, and clamorous. Other items that reflect the strong artistic sense of the state includes metallic utensils, durries, folk toys, furniture and traditional ornaments.
Punjab is also home to some of India's most alluring abandoned forts, that are mostly hidden among their dusty bazaars. Head here to discover an era gone by, that have somehow even got lost in history books. These havelis boasts of some truly unique architectural elements of the walls and jharokhas can be admired. Also, it would be highly remiss of us if you do not mention the Golden Temple in Amritsar, which is one of the most humbling and serene sight in the country. While the street outside are chaotic and hyperactive, this sensory overload of sights, smells and sounds. If you have time, make your way to the recently opened Partition Museum, which is dedicated to documenting one of the biggest human migrations in human history, witnessed during the partition of India and Pakistan in 1947.
Recommended Experiences
Because travelling is a happy addiction
Find the best V Resorts property for your stay


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Emergency Management
Contact Information
Warren County Office of Emergency Services, 1340 State Route 9, Lake George, NY 12845
Director/Emergency Manager Brian LaFlure Email Brian
Deputy Director/Emergency Services Coordinator Amy Drexel Email Amy
Office Telephone (518) 761-6240 Office Fax (518) 761-6402
Flood Risk
Hazard Analysis Findings
INTERNSHIP - If you are interested in being an intern in this office to complete your college degree please contact us.
Items to Bring to an Emergency Shelter
Notice to Disaster Victims
- Hazard Mitigation
- Hazardous Material Response Plan
- Hazardous Weather Annex
- Mass Care Plan
Register and Search for People During Disasters
Disasters often make it difficult to stay in touch with loved ones. The American Red Cross Safe and Well website is a central location for people in disaster areas in the United States to register their current status, and for their loved ones to access that information. It helps provide displaced families with relief and comfort during a stressful time.
Voluntary Registration for People with Access and Funtional Needs
The People with Access and Mobility Needs Registry is a voluntary program for full and part-time residents of Warren County. The registry is designed for residents that may need additional assistance during an emergency. These needs include but are not limited to: temporary limitations, chronic conditions, special healthcare needs, and language barriers. The information that you provide may help responders meet your needs during an emergency. For additional questions call 518-761-6580 or email firstname.lastname@example.com
Social Security Account
If you have paid into Social Security and need proof of your monthly Social Security income, you can register for a My Social Security account. After an emergency, if you need to apply for assistance, you will need to show proof of your income from Social Security. Now is the time to sign up for this account.
If you see something say something! The Statewide Terrorism Tips Hotline was launched on September 16, 2002. It enables citizens from throughout the State to report information about suspected terrorist activity. The toll-free hotline can be reached by calling 1-866-SAFENYS or 1-866-723-3697.


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February 13th, 2015When life gives you lemons
What do you do? Make lemonade? Well, in my case I made a lemon cake!
I've always loved anything with lemon. Lemon flavored wafers, ice cream, cake, macaroons… yum! That little hint of sourness makes these sweeties manageable to eat in huge doses!
I made my little boy three weeks ago a Lego cake with the lemon cake as the base for his birthday. When I let him taste the scraped parts to even the top of the cake, he liked it so much that he was asking for more! His big sister Caity also liked it, that we almost ended up with no birthday cake as they were begging for more slices. In fact, big sis already requested me to make her a lemon cake for her birthday but with a different theme.
Yesterday, I thought of baking lemon cake for the kids' afternoon snack time, and sure enough the kids devoured it like monsters! While still baking, Caity was asking me every 5 minutes if it was done. I had to take it out even when the top isn't yet golden brown!
For all the lemon fans out there, here's the recipe I copied from the internet and tweaked a bit.
Getting ready!
1/2 cup butter, melted
1 cup sugar
2 eggs, well beaten
2 tablespoon lemon juice
1/4 teaspoon salt
1 1/2 cups flour
1 teaspoon baking powder
1/2 cup milk
1/3 cup lemon juice
1/4 cup sugar
1. Mix together 1 cup sugar and butter.
2. Add eggs and 2 tablespoons of lemon juice; mix well.
3. Add salt, flour, and baking powder to mixture.
4. Add milk.
5. Bake at 325°F in a well greased loaf pan for 1 hour,or until golden brown.
6. Mix 1/3 cup lemon juice and 1/4 cup sugar.
7. Use a toothpick to make holes in top of cake and drizzle lemon juice and sugar mixture over the top of the cake when removed from the oven.
8. Serve warm or cool.
Total time: 1 hr, 10 mins.
Have a slice!
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Travel & Accommodation
Map & Itinerary
Similar Trips
Trip Inclusions
- Enjoy a Welcome Reception and a special Farewell Dinner
- 13 nights in premium accommodation
- Services of a Canadian Travelmarvel Tour Director and Driver
- 40 meals - 20 breakfasts, 8 lunches and 12 dinners
- Two-day Rocky Mountaineer rail journey in SilverLeaf Service
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See Glacier Bay National Park
Witness the breathtaking sight of Glacier Bay National Park, with its formidable rivers of ice and wild coastline.
Bears at Grouse Mountain
Watch for bears at Grouse Mountain Bear Refuge and enjoy breakfast at the Treetop Restaurant.
Fairmont Chateau Lake Louise
Stay on the shores of Lake Louise at this prestigious chateau in the heart of the Canadian Rockies.
Map & Itinerary
Trip Notes
- Itinerary and inclusions subject to change
- Prices are for land, cruise and rail only. Flights not included
- Blue River Safari is not available on select dates. Enquire for details
- Departure transfer - after your cruise, ensure your onward flight departs after 1pm
- Prices based on Ocean-View Stateroom include port charges, airport transfers, gratuities and sundries
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Enjoy an included special or unique excursion or event
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Your journey begins today upon your arrival in Victoria. Be met at the airport and then transferred to your hotel. After you check in and relax, you will meet your fellow guests and Tour Director at a Welcome Reception later today.
Stay: Two Nights: Victoria, The Parkside Hotel and Spa
This morning, enjoy a short orientation tour of Victoria before visiting The Butchart Gardens. Among the most famous gardens in the world, The Butchart Gardens are more than a hundred years old and have a distinctive style all of their own. Spend time wandering through the lovely Sunken Garden and relax in the beautiful setting of the Japanese Garden and the Italian Garden. Explore the plants and floral displays on show. Then, perhaps take a whale-watching cruise or a horse-drawn carriage tour (own expense).Daily :
Victoria, Whistler
Enjoy an indigenous-inspired feast at the Squamish Lil'wat Cultural Centre and gain insight into the heritage of the local First Nations people.
Drive to the town of Chemainus before boarding a ferry across the Georgia Strait to Horseshoe Bay. Admire expansive views of the Coastal Mountains as you journey along the scenic Sea to Sky Highway, with a stop at Shannon Falls en route to Whistler. Instead of taking the ferry, you may like to take a floatplane flight across the Georgia Strait to Whistler (own expense).
Stay: Two Nights: Whistler, Aava Whistler HotelDaily :
Today is yours at leisure to explore. Perhaps enjoy one of the select experiences available to you. Take an incredible floatplane flight, tour Blackcomb Mountain on a Jeep Safari, or head up to the snowline of Whistler Mountain by 4x4 or snowcat. Other options include a gondola ride, an informative Tree Trek, an adventurous Zip Trek or a breathtaking helicopter flight (own expense).Daily :
Whistler, Blue River
Enjoy an incredible overnight escape at Mike Wiegele Heli Village, which offers adventure and serenity in a picturesque setting. Relax amid lodge's rustic surrounds and enjoy dinner this evening.
After breakfast, travel through the rugged Cariboo region to Blue River.
Stay: Blue River, Mike Wiegele Heli VillageDaily :
Blue River, Jasper
Set off on a remarkable River Safari to stunning Grizzly Bear Valley where you're likely to witness active native wildlife on the riverbank.
The day ahead promises alpine scenery and adventure in the great outdoors.
Stay: Two nights, Jasper, Mountain Park LodgesDaily :
Enjoy a Canadian feast at the Maligne Canyon Wilderness Kitchen.
After breakfast today, you have the full day to take time out and relax or explore Jasper. There is no end to the excitement you can enjoy in this beautiful region. Perhaps choose one of the select experiences available to you today. You might like to take in the sights on a unique and exhilarating Harley Davidson sidecar tour; choose to embark on a thrilling rafting adventure on the Athabasca River or enjoy a memorable evening wildlife experience (own expense).Daily :
Jasper, Icefields Parkway, Athabasca Glacier, Lake Louise
Settle into The Fairmont Chateau Lake Louise and relax in spectacular surrounds.
Visit Maligne Canyon this morning and walk along its deep rocky caverns. Then, travel along the Icefields Parkway, considered the world's most scenic highway, and stop at the Columbia Icefield for a thrilling Ice Explorer ride onto Athabasca Glacier. After, continue to Lake Louise, the 'Jewel of the Rockies'.
Stay: The Fairmont Chateau Lake LouiseDaily :
Lake Louise, Banff
After breakfast this morning, (weather permitting) travel to Moraine Lake. A glacier-fed lake in Banff National Park, famous for its luminous waters and mountain setting. Later, continue to Banff, with time to settle in and explore this charming alpine resort on a sightseeing tour. Banff is regarded as the highest town in Canada, at an elevation of 1,383 metres.
Stay: Two Nights: Banff Park LodgeDaily :
Enjoy today at leisure to explore. If you're after adventure, consider joining a heli-flightseeing tour for aerial views of this breathtaking region. Perhaps watch for local wildlife on an exhilarating Bow River float trip or set off on a Banff Experience tour (own expense).Daily :
Rocky Mountaineer, Kamloops
This morning, board the world-famous Rocky Mountaineer train and settle into your carriage with large windows that provide expansive views of the fabled Rocky Mountains. Pass through the Spiral Tunnels, a historic engineering feat which snakes its way through the region. Then continue through impressive Kicking Horse Canyon before arriving in the city of Kamloops late in the afternoon. There is time to settle into your comfortable hotel and enjoy exploring, relaxing and dining this evening.
Stay: Kamloops, hotel assigned by Rocky MountaineerDaily :
Rocky Mountaineer, Vancouver
Rejoin the Rocky Mountaineer and continue your rail adventure west towards the Pacific Ocean. Along the way, enjoy incredible front-row views of the region's natural beauty, including Fraser Canyon, the Coast Mountains and Fraser Valley. Late this afternoon, arrive in Vancouver where you will spend the next two nights. Settle into your hotel and enjoy free time this evening to explore and try one of the local restaurants for dinner.
Stay: Two Nights: Vancouver, Marriott Pinnacle Downtown HotelDaily :
Insider Experience
Watch for bears and enjoy a delicious breakfast at Grouse Mountain. During your bear experience you will receive early access to the mountain and get to see some of the resident bears explore their habitat before sitting down to breakfast.
Explore the city of Vancouver on a sightseeing tour, including some of its most vibrant districts, like Gastown and Granville Island. Tonight, enjoy a special Farewell Dinner with your fellow guests.Daily :
Vancouver, Embark Cruise
After breakfast this morning, transfer to board your premium cruise ship. Settle into your cabin and enjoy dinner this evening.
Stay: Seven Nights, Holland America Line's Koningsdam or VolendamDaily :
Inside Passage
Enjoy a full day at sea at the beginning of your phenomenal journey. Relax and absorb the majestic scenery as your ship cruises past dramatic rocky headlands and glides over the frigid waters of the Inside Passage. You also have plenty of time to explore the facilities of your cruise ship and perhaps relax in one of the onboard public areas.Daily :
Today your journey brings you to Alaska's capital, Juneau. There is time to explore the region's glacial terrain and gold rush history or perhaps choose to make your way to the town and explore the rustic shops located here. You may also like to experience an exhilarating dog sled ride over a glacier or try one of the other activities available to you. These include sampling delicious salmon baked over a fire or even trying your hand at panning for gold in this former gold rush town (own expense).Daily :
This morning you'll dock at the port of Skagway, which is located at the northernmost point of the Inside Passage. Skagway was once a frontier town and gateway to the Klondike and still celebrates its gold rush past to this day. You will find a variety of stores and saloons in town that capture the excitement and history of the gold rush days. Here you will also have the opportunity to learn more about gold prospecting or view some of the fascinating local wildlife (own expense).Daily :
Glacier Bay
Wake up to the breathtaking sight of Glacier Bay National Park this morning, with its formidable rivers of ice, wild coastline and sheltered fjords. As you cruise through the national park, it is easy to see why the area has received World Heritage status. Today, you'll gain a more detailed insight into the unique nature of this national park as local rangers will join you on board to impart their knowledge, explaining the geological wonders and diverse wildlife found in this remarkable region.Daily :
Arrive today in the Alaskan town of Ketchikan, which is renowned for its idyllic scenery, rich Alaskan Native culture, and is regarded as the salmon capital of the world. Here, you will have free time to relax and explore the town at your leisure. Alternatively, perhaps choose to join a walking tour of the town or learn about the history of Tlingit culture at Saxman Native Village (own expense). Where you'll be captivated by the collection of Native American totem poles on display.Daily :
Inside Passage
Today marks your final day aboard your premium Holland America Line cruise ship. You'll spend the day cruising south through the Inside Passage and its magnificent landscapes and towering glaciers. There is time to relax on board and enjoy the premium facilities of your ship while you take in the incredible views. This evening, savour a final dinner on board.Daily :
Disembark Cruise, Depart Vancouver
After breakfast aboard your cruise ship this morning, disembark in Vancouver for your airport transfer and onward flight.Daily :
I could not have asked for more regarding a tour guide. Helpful in all ways, terrific personality.
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Highlights of Eastern & Western Canada with Alaska Cruise
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San Francisco to New York


text: mailbag wrote: > >For some reason, users who have bounced mails back, end up getting the >probe email later - and it includes attachments with all the other >bounced probe emails, which includes other user's passwords to the list. > >I haven't been able to track down the cause, nor have I found references >to anyone else having this problem. Any suggestions would be >appreciated. This is related to the MTA's handling of bounces. Because of this potential password leak, as of 2.1.7, probe messages no longer include passwords. -- Mark Sapiro <msapiro at value.net> The highway is for gamblers, San Francisco Bay Area, California better use your sense - B. Dylan


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First Night Family Seder in BerkeleyDate: Monday, April 10, 2017Time: 5:00 pm - 6:15 pm
Location: Show map JCC East Bay, Berkeley Branch 1414 Walnut Street, Berkeley, CA 94709Contact: Rachel WhittomPhone: (510) 848-0237 ext. 142Email: email@example.com
Join us for one of our favorite JCC traditions! We will come together for the first night of Passover with singing, storytelling, and a delicious seder meal served picnic-style. For people with children ages 2-7, our Family Seder is a kid-friendly event!
Rabbi Bridget Wynne of Jewish Gateways and Oakland musician Eric Schoen will lead us through the night.


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Londoners Get Ready to Walk, Jog, and Run to Help Support Cats Protection Charity
Krypton Radio Newswire
Cats Protection, a Feline Welfare Charity is helping our fuzzy friends throughout the UK by raising money, caring for, educating pet owners and helping find homes for thousands of cats in the United Kingdom. Coming the 13th of May 2012, Cats Protection is holding a Superhero marathon as part of its fundraising efforts, and if you happen to be in the London area or are willing to travel bit, you to can join in! Free superhero suits will be provided and the registration fee is only £20, Minimum of £100 for sponsorship!
Come and join us to run, walk or jog 5km for Cats Protection. Over 1,000 people are expected to take part and now this is your chance to join them!
We are looking for Superheroes to take part in the Do It For Charity Superhero Run 2012 and raise much needed funds for Cats Protection. We are an official charity partner of the 2012 run and we're looking for people to join the Cats Team and release their inner superhero! No previous experience is required and with a bit of training the distance should easily be within your capabilities. The spirit of the event is 'taking part' not 'winning' so you can run, jog or walk – you decide!
Cats Protection is the UK's leading feline welfare charity. Our vision is a world where every cat is treated with kindness and an understanding of its needs.
Cats Protection is the UK's leading feline welfare charity. Our vision is a world where every cat is treated with kindness and an understanding of its needs.
It's an ambitious vision. However, we truly believe it can be achieved because of our passion, our professional approach and simply because cats are among the UK's most popular companion pets.
Cats Protection has simple and clear objectives to help cats:
- Homing – Finding good homes for cats in need
- Neutering – Supporting and encouraging the neutering of cats
- Information – Improving people's understanding of cats and their care
- Sign Up For The Run
- Cats Protection


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The Society for the Promotion of Hospice Care believes that everyone has the right to live with dignity at every turn of life, even towards the end of it. They envision a world in which all people can pursue a quality hospice and palliative care and receive bereavement support that enable them to live a full and positive life when facing death, and die with dignity and peace.
The Society seeks to transform the lives of everyone in Hong Kong by advocating hospice and palliative care, and providing bereavement support services. Working in collaboration with local communities, partnering organizations and the government, They offer life and death education programmes to local communities, organize hospice and palliative care training to health care professionals, the general public and beyond.
Influencing Beliefs and Attitudes
* Heighten community and professional awareness on issues surrounding death, dying and bereavement.
* Facilitate open discussion on death and dying while respecting cultural, religious and family beliefs.
Meeting Community Needs
* Provide readily available information about facing death and end of life care options.
* Offer comprehensive bereavement support to patients, family & carers enabling them to cope with issues of loss and grief.
Enhancing Understanding & Skills
* Increase understanding through the ongoing discussion of end of life care among health care providers.
* Strengthen health care professional development through the provision of specialized training and support.
* Encourage and support in end of life care research.
Advocating for Best Possible Care
* Collaborate with caregivers from different disciplines to enhance their practices on the care of the dying and the bereaved.
* Help people who are dying and their families to recognize that the choice to receive quality end of life care is their right.
* Work towards greater recognition in end of life care and greater access to the best possible end of life care for all.
What you can do to help
For the Society for the Promotion of Hospice Care, a volunteer is a valuable partner. It is their volunteers' enthusiasm and continuous participation that help them to "add life to days when day cannot be added to life". With volunteers, the Society is able to minimize their operating cost and channel funds raised directly to the people in need. A volunteer can help in many aspects of the Society's work including:
To organize and develop new fundraising events or to assist in coordinating and performing logistical duties at fundraising activities
Administration Work
To assist in general office duties to help reduce administrative costs
Translation and Technical Works
To assist in translation, photo-taking, website update and artwork design, to name but a few
Bereavement Counselling Support
Following up bereaved families via phone or home visits, providing simple home assistance and assist counsellors in organizing activities
Hotline and Reception Services
Help manage the enquiry hotline or attend duty at the reception of JCHH
If you would like to become a volunteer, simply download and fill out the application form, fax, email or mail to the Society.


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English ESL Actions worksheets - Most downloaded (2463 Results)
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- PAST SIMPLE REGULAR VERBSPast Simple- gray scale included125,638 Downloads
- Vocabulary Matching Worksheet - Action VerbsVocabulary worksheet containing VERBS. It has two sections: Match words and pictures (matching exercise) and Write the Words (reading & s...85,671 Downloads
- Present Continuous-3 pages11 exercises to revise P.C. All types of sentences, questions and short answers. Adding - ing. Making senteces ti the pictures. Complex r...68,424 Downloads
- Speaking Worksheet - Can you...?Speaking worksheet for beginners with pictures. Students complete the sentences and then interview each other. Optional word bank can be ...57,852 Downloads
- A Level Grammar Review: PART One9 page review of grammar and vocabulary at the A1 level. This can be used as a teacher guide or as a review for your student. So both can...39,960 Downloads
- Present Simpleexplanation and 3 related exercises34,623 Downloads
- Present simple vs. present continuous speaking...This is a guided speaking activity where students talk about routines or things happening right now. The pictures and sentences help the...33,488 Downloads
- All Verb Tenses Review with KEYReview all your tenses- present, past, and future. For intermediate level to advanced students. Focus on the time words to write the verb...31,657 Downloads
- Placement Test (A1-A2)100 point exam to determine the level of your new students. (A1-A2) Those who get at least 60 or higher should be placed in A2 groups.31,102 Downloads
- Grammar Meets Conversation: When was the last...Grammar-based themed worksheet aimed at practising the use of the past simple, speaking, listening, asking for clarification, asking to r...28,410 Downloads
- Board Game - A Terrible Day (Simple Past)With this board game students will practise the simple past. Please review necessary grammar points before the game to make it a success ...27,223 Downloads
- What Is Bart Doing?What is Bart doing? Ss match the verbs with the actions, then try to find all the irregular verbs.27,000 Downloads
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text:
Chinese Scooter Electrical Parts Motorcycle CDI Ignition Schematic for GY6
Chinese Scooter electrical parts motorcycle CDI ignition schematic for GY6
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4. Starter motor are manufactured by Japanese techniques and having more accurate size and and attain to the level standard of.
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Guangzhou FMJMOTO Trading Co.,Ltd is specializing in wholesale the motorcycle spare parts and accessories. With over 8 years of exporting experience. We aim at founding the most professional motorcycle part exporting platform of China. We sincerely welcome all the customers come and visit us to negotiate business..
Through over 8 years' development, FMJMOTO is now well-known as one of the leading manufacturers and suppliers of chinese scooter electrical parts motorcycle cdi ignition schematic for gy6. We have quite a few products in stock. Welcome to wholesale quality, durable and precise motorcycle spare parts with us.


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A Holiday Poem from kajeet!
December 23, 2011
'Twas the week of the holidays, when all through the house,
Not a person was shopping online, not clicking a mouse!
Parents were done picking presents, gifts boxed up and ready,
To be opened with joy, wrapping to fly like confetti!
Kids were all nestled, all snug in their beds,
While visions of kajeet phones danced in their heads.
Samsung Seeks, Rumor 2s, Android smart phones galore,
QWERTY keyboards, MP3 players, digital cameras and more!
While teens dreamed of being able to text to their hearts delight
Mom and dad felt relaxed – kajeet's unlimited plans are just right!
But remember, parents, before you give your kid that phone,
Activate it in advance – maybe even add a ringtone!
You can activate online or call our Care team
They make activation easy it feels like a dream!
Have a great holiday season, best wishes from kajeet.
Let us know if your cell phone selection was a hit – tell us on Facebook or Tweet!


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22 July 2015
A psychology student graduating from the University of Central Lancashire (UCLan) with first class honours hopes to use her degree to help people suffering from eating disorders.
Kerys Herbert, who is originally from Shropshire, says her motivation for studying psychology was always to help others but she realised while studying that she wanted to specialise in mental health.
The 21-year-old now hopes to gain a doctorate in clinical psychology and in the meantime is hoping to secure a research assistant post, having already undertaken an internship with UCLan's research department as part of her degree.
She also carried out a work placement at Fleetwood Nautical College researching human responses to survival situations.
During her internship, Kerys completed an undergraduate research project on the effect of anticipatory stress on cognitive performance following fire-fighter training. Her work was one of two UCLan research projects selected to be showcased at the 'Posters in Parliament' exhibition, which saw Kerys present her research to politicians at the Houses of Parliament.
"I'm so happy to be graduating with a first and now looking forward to hopefully doing my doctorate so I can go on to help people suffering from eating disorders."
It was a double achievement for Kerys, who admits the biggest challenge she faced while studying was overcoming her fear of giving presentations.
She said: "I was really shy before I came to university and the thought of having to get up in front of large groups of people terrified me, but I think I've managed to overcome that now."
"I've really enjoyed my time at UCLan, one of the things that first appealed to me about it was that it had a really great atmosphere and the psychology department was brilliant."
"My favourite part was the clinical modules and that's what helped me to decide that clinical psychology was the route I wanted to go down. I'm so happy to be graduating with a first and now looking forward to hopefully doing my doctorate so I can go on to help people suffering from eating disorders. It's something I'm passionate about."
Kerys is one of 4,000 students who graduated in front of family and friends at Preston's Guild Hall last week.


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I'm glad someone else put their photos from this cool event up on a public page. These are by Kim Fuller and are posted to the Ballard Park Facebook Page, or were tagged with Ballard Park by Kim. Not everyone I've shared the link with was able to access the page, so here's a sample.
Cool Photos
All posts tagged Cool Photos
Ballard Park is not really a garden, it's an old quarry in Newport, RI, that has been made into a park. They have this annual event where people set up creative displays that are lit mostly from the inside. They also project colored lights onto the rockface backdrop of the quarry. I went last night with a bunch of my sisters, and we had such a good time. None of our photos came out, so we borrowed these, taken by Daniel McManus.
Ballard park is home to live concerts too, and while I've never been to one, I hear the acoustics are awesome. You're surrounded on two sides by sheer rock walls. It's a cool thing to do with an old quarry.
Yes! That is actually a candid shot of Steve Tyler with my daughter Grace, taken at an outdoor art fair in Marshfield, Massachusetts, which is about 20 minutes south of Boston. He saw my daughter in her wheelchair and came over and started hamming it up with her, pretending he was about to eat her cotton candy. Then it turned into a "My mouth is bigger than yours" contest, and my ex snapped this photo.


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Delivery time according to your choice of logistics.
Fit for Toyota RAV4 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Condition: 100% Brand new
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inculde: 1 PCS
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Note: please use the heat gun to warm up the adhesive tape before installing to make the item stick tightly.


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Arthur Schopenhauer Biography
Birthday: February 22, 1788
Nationality: German
Famous: Quotes By Arthur Schopenhauer Atheists
Died At Age: 72
Sun Sign: Pisces
Born in: Gdańsk
Famous as: Philosopher
father: Heinrich Floris Schopenhauer
mother: Johanna
siblings: Adele
Died on: September 21, 1860
place of death: Frankfurt
Personality: INFJ
education: Humboldt University of Berlin (1811–1812), Georg-August University of Göttingen, Friedrich Schiller University of Jena
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An isolated, aggressive and pessimistic person, Schopenhauer was one of the greatest philosophers of the 19th century. His cynicism, much of which was rooted in the manner he was raised, taught him an early lesson that individual will is nothing but a whim. He even believed that the world does not exist and was just a figment of one's imagination. For him the world and the existence of human beings were absurd, rife with mundane activities, desires and conflicts which neither render anything, nor serve any purpose. He wished to rise above all these, to lead a life devoid of worldly desires and bereft of any relationships. He chose a lonely life for himself, trying to understand the humiliation of existence and how it could be mitigated. He immersed himself exploring Buddhism and Indology and was particularly charmed by the 'Upanishads' (philosophical texts) which he described as "the production of the highest human wisdom". Calling the Sanskrit literature as "the greatest gift of our century", he studied it deeply and incorporated it in his masterpiece 'The World as Will and Representation.' Thus, the 'Upanishads' and other eastern philosophical texts gave him purpose and a higher level of discernment of life, so much so that, he once said "It has been the solace of my life, it will be the solace of my death!".
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- Arthur Schopenhauer was born on 22 February 1788, in Danzig (Gdańsk), to Johanna Schopenhauer and Heinrich Floris Schopenhauer. Both his parents were descendants of wealthy German patrician families.His father died in 1805; it is generally believed he committed suicide. His mother, a writer and an intellectual, started a literary salon in Weimar after her husband's death. Arthur had a strained relationship with his mother.He was an intelligent young boy who enrolled at the University of Gottingen in 1809. There he studied metaphysics and psychology under Gottlob Ernst Schulze and was especially influenced by the ideas of Plato and Immanuel Kant. He also attended lectures by the prominent post-Kantian philosopher Johann Gottlieb Fichte and the theologian Friedrich Schleiermacher in Berlin in 1811-12.Continue Reading BelowYou May LikeRecommended Lists:
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- He began working on 'The World as Will and Representation' in 1814. It took him a few years to complete the work which was ultimately published in 1818. The first volume covered his ideas on epistemology, ontology, aesthetics and ethics. The second volume would be published much later.Schopenhauer became a lecturer at the University of Berlin in 1820. However he was unable to find success in his academic career as only five students turned up for his lecture, forcing him to drop out of academia.In 1831 he wrote a sarcastic treatise 'The Art of Being Right: 38 Ways to Win an Argument'. In this work he gave 38 methods of beating an opponent in a debate. The introduction to the essay states that philosophers, especially since the time of Immanuel Kant, have not engaged with the darker art of the dialectic, of controversy.He published the essay 'On the Freedom of the Will' in which he tried to answer the academic question "Is it possible to demonstrate human free will from self-consciousness?" which was posed by the Royal Norwegian Society of Sciences in 1839.He published a second edition of 'The World as Will and Representation' in 1844. It had two volumes. The first was a virtual reprint of the original, and the second was a collection of essays expanding topics covered in the first. The important topics covered in the work were his reflections on death and his theory on sexuality.In 1851, he wrote an essay 'Of Women' in which he described the women as less reasonable and lacking the capacity to make decisions. In the essay he also referred to women as the "weaker sex".Major Works
- His single monumental work 'The World as Will and Representation' remains his greatest piece of work. The book is a philosophical genius in every sense as the author tries to illustrate non-rationality and universality as the supreme force behind the existence of both animate beings and inanimate objects.Personal Life & Legacy
- Schopenhauer never married but had a relationship with Caroline Richter, an opera singer, beginning in 1821.Continue Reading BelowHe was not at good terms with his mother. He disliked the literary salon his mother had opened and was shocked by the fact that she had forgotten about his father who passed away some years ago.At the outbreak of cholera, he left Berlin for Frankfurt in 1833 and lived there alone, except for his pet poodles which gave him company.Though he enjoyed a robust health, but in 1860 his health began to deteriorate and he died of heart failure on 21 September 1860 while sitting at home on his couch with his cat.This great philosopher's works and teachings inspired a number of philosophers - Richard Wagner, Friedrich Nietzsche, Jorge Luis Borges and to some extent Sigmund Freud.He believed that the actions of all human beings lacked direction and that desire is the root of all evils. According to him, pain and suffering are directly proportional to desire as it creates frustration upon the failure of attaining a particular goal or object.He was of the opinion that desire never ends which means after achieving something the desire for a new goal creeps in. This is a cycle which continues for an indefinite period.Schopenhauer's theory is being viewed and researched by many modern philosophers as an antecedent of the theory of evolution and the modern evolutionary psychology.His views on women were mostly anti-feminist and for him "woman is by nature meant to obey". In his essay 'Of women' he wrote "She pays the debt of life not by what she does, but by what she suffers; by the pains of child-bearing and care for the child, and by submission to her husband, to whom she should be a patient and cheering companion."He also believed in the monistic philosophy and stated that there is fundamentally no difference between human beings and animals. Their origin and the origin of human beings, is from the single 'Will' and that a person who expresses sympathy towards animals is a good human being.Trivia
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- This great German philosopher who influenced a number of modern day philosophers chose to live alone, with his pet poodles to keep him company and died with his cat on his lap, while sitting on his couch.
How To CiteArticle Title- Arthur Schopenhauer BiographyAuthor- Editors, TheFamousPeople.comWebsite- TheFamousPeople.comURL- https://www.thefamouspeople.com/profiles/arthus-schopenhauer-237.phpLast Updated- September 28, 2017
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Great artists are frequently obsessive about things that seize them for reasons they hardly understand at first. For the better part of two decades Darius Quarles has felt that way about Durham, tobacco, and Liberty Warehouse. The only explanation he could offer me this month when we chatted at Pleiades, where he is one of the resident artists, was that his very first public art showing had been in the Scrap Exchange when it was still in the Liberty Warehouse complex.
Quarles was part of something called the Mongo Roadshow. Quarles talked to Ann Woodward, even then a key cog at the Scrap Exchange, and asked "What do I do?" She told him the show was about work made from scrap. Quarles found a scrap piece of wood, glued a big oak leaf from his neighborhood to it, and dribbled black and white paint on it, Jackson Pollock style. He still has the piece and says the oak leaf has shrunk to about the size of a quarter. He and Woodward have remained friends across the years.
He hung his work in the old ramshackle, tobacco warehouse on Foster Avenue (one of the Scrap Exchange's many former homes). He was fascinated. His first interest was the building, at that time also home to Liberty Arts, before the roof caved in on them. There were relics, some might say junk, from another era strewn about, paintings on the walls, the sweet smells lingered in the air. Quarles, like so many with an interest in Durham's history and our old building stock, found Open Durham. He began compiling stories and photos.
Some eleven years later Quarles heard that Liberty Warehouse apartments was looking for someone to paint a mural in their courtyard.
He submitted a proposal with a more than four foot sketch on paper in April of 2016. When his proposal won, he was thrilled, even though more than forty feet of his original conception was chopped. A year later when he began on his working his Durham mural at the nearly complete Liberty Warehouse apartments, Quarles realized he was going to lose some additional square footage to the doorways in the wall.
First it took nearly forty-five days to scrape the existing paint off of the wall, then he painted a coat of primer on the entire surface.
Quarles referred to himself in our interview as a "New Jack".
He said, "[as a New Jack] I'm self-taught. I do things a million times." [until I get it right] being the implication.
When it came to paint removal, Quarles admitted he was lucky to have a neighbor who was a professional painter and could make additional suggestions beyond what Quarles was getting from the Googlierge and YouTube. After scraping, but before priming, he washed the walls with bleach. He primed and began sketching his outline. At first he was arriving between 4.30am-5am with a projector to do the lettering and the outline.
The mural is a history of Durham told through tobacco. The first image that appears looking left to right or walking north to south is of someone tending a row of tobacco in a garden. Quarles noted that he had learned through his research that tobacco was grown in public and private spaces in Durham, including immediately along both Mangum and Main Streets.
Seen surveying this crop is the grandfatherly figure of Walker Stone, Sr. whose family owned the Liberty Warehouse building. The mural scene then shifts to the interior of the building on a tobacco auction day. We (the viewer) are looking over the heads and backs of the masses. Tobacco brought a lot of money to Durham.
Quarles doesn't shy from that reality as the mural shifts to Slick, a legendary and perhaps apocryphal figure in the tobacco scene. Slick was the final seal of approval before Durham tobacco went to Greensboro, destined for brands like Newports, Mavericks, Old Gold, Kents, and Trues. In the mural he is accompanied by two rather shady looking characters. Quarles told me the one on the left is serving as a lookout.
Those who know some of the history of the run of roles played by Liberty Warehouse can understand the need for lookouts.
The mural ends with trucks being loaded with prime tobacco.
Quarles history with Durham goes back a piece. He was raised by his grandparents, Clyde and Adeline. Clyde was a World War II veteran with a 100 acre farm he worked in Louisa, Virginia, which is about 150 miles due north of here. Quarles described it as a one stop light town then. His grandfather was both aware of and nostalgic about Durham tobacco and the smell of Durham.
Farming taught Quarles lessons in hard work, literally and through the example of Clyde and Adeline. They had a five or six acre garden on the farm. Grandma Adeline pulled double duty running a beauty salon out of the house. Young Darius was tasked with selling produce from the family farm to hair salon customers.
He also did time raising pigs, walking behind a tractor picking up potatoes, and bagging groceries. He remembers tree swings and riding pigs with his cousin Andre. He still says, "I'm country as hell."
But notes this is part of his drive, he has "seen both sides." He has worked hard to make himself both as an artist and as a member of Durham's art family. He credits Pleiades Gallery where he is now based for helping him to bring his work out of the house. For years he painted every day at home while he raised his kids.
He met Kim Wheaton, the co-director of Pleiades, while they were both park of Durham's annual Art Walk. When she and Rene Leverty started Pleiades, Kim reached out to Quarles. He is still grateful. He refers to Wheaton and Leverty as his "art angels".
Years later Interstate 64 went right through his grandparents property. But today, Grandma Adeline is still running the in-home beauty salon at ninety.
You can tell that Quarles comes from people who keep on keeping on. How else do you motivate to scrape paint for forty-five days?
He credits Durham. He says, "Durham molded me. I love it."
He was dedicated. His grandparents finally got to see his work in person for the first time at the Grand Opening of Pleiades four years ago. It rained like crazy that day he recalls.
But it was a great day he tells me, because he finally had a tangible answer to his Grandma's question, "What you doing down in Durham all this time?"
Grandparents are like that he said, they want to see proof, they want to see other people enjoy their grandson's work. And they were able to.
Perhaps her suspicions had root causes.
He tells me the some of the story of the time between Louisa, Virginia and settling in Durham.
"I had been around the world five times before I got to Durham. I was in the military."
Almost twenty years ago, Quarles found a very different Durham.
He was different, too. He says about himself, "I was a wild man when I got here."
The getting here story involves a black car with tinted windows, Atlanta, the University of North Carolina, a speeding ticket, court dates in downtown, and a Henderson judged who sternly warned Quarles, "ain't nobody famous in Vance County".
Quarles took the judge's tone to heart. He says, "he found himself in Durham". He notes, his focus from when got here has improved by a hundred-fold. He is a family man, with a wife and kids. He dove into Durham in a positive way and found an accepting and positive culture in return. He says he "loves Durham and loves being a part of Durham," as he and I reminiscence in Pleiades about the changes seen downtown. We both remember an era when there were more bail bondsmen than residents inside the downtown loop. Now, his kids have grown up here. And they love it.
His second show was at the now disappeared Mr. Shoe (swallowed in One City Center site).
His work was four pieces. He was painting on cardboard then and the space was more of an artist hangout than an official gallery. Quarles says seven people total came to see it, and he brought three of them. Newbies, this is what it was like in that era, when artists, well ahead of the curve, were sharing art in a nearly deserted downtown Durham.
Now while Quarles paints his mural people gather. Quarles tells me he has talked to tons and tons of people who have stopped by during the project. People will see him on the ladder, walk around the corner, and gasp, "I had no idea."
There are twenty to thirty folks who stop by religiously according Quarles. Many of them are older. They share stories with an artist who they sense is as invested in Durham as they are. Many of these folks have lived in Durham their whole lives. Quarles reports they tell him they get such a "kick" out of strolling around a vibrant downtown Durham.
He in turn draws inspiration for them, feeling verified in who he has become as a family man and artist, alongside Durham. His two youngest have been helping with the Liberty painting.
The mural he is painting is a block from the Durham skate park. Quarles frequently interacts with the young skaters. The kids love the painting and the idea that he (a black man like many of them) is getting to do it.
Quarles concedes that he has had to answer the question of why the mural faces inward toward the apartments rather than outward toward the neighborhood repeatedly. It turns on the issue of the historic preservation of the exterior original wall of Liberty Warehouse, which couldn't be painted in this way and be considered maintained "as is" by the standards set out.
Quarles personal reach out from the elderly strolling by to the kids rolling by has been to make clear that this courtyard and the mural are public space. The sense of community is magnified for Quarles with each and every person who comes by to talk while he is working.
So stop by. Say hey. Marvel at a town that supports public art.
Heck, we have so many murals that there is a biking mural tour.
See more of Quarles work at Pleiades Gallery at 109 East Chapel Hill Street.
Or on his website here.


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Whoops! Joe Maddon showed up at the airport without a reservation on Wednesday
Anyone know a good travel agent?
Rays manager Joe Maddon was running on just two hours of sleep Thursday afternoon when his team gathered for pre-second half workout at Tropicana Field.
After spending the All-Star break in California, the Tampa Bay skipper arrived at the airport on Wednesday and was surprised to discover he didn't have a flight home.
"I made the reservation for the wrong day," Maddon said. "I got to the airport last night, thinking I had a reservation for the flight that got in at six in the morning, but I didn't. That was for next Thursday."
Maddon regrouped in time to deliver a half-hour pep talk to players in attendance for the optional session. Might be worth tweeting him a reminder about Friday's series opener against the Red Sox, though.
-- J.B. Long


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John Penek, MD, FCCP, FAASM
Warren , NJ 07059
Fax: 973-616-9507
Board Certified in Internal Medicine & Pulmonary Diseases with double Board Certification in Sleep medicine with more than 30 years of medical practice and 25 years of expert witness work. He has rendered opinions on a broad spectrum of respiratory disorders including COPD, asthma, lung cancer, Asbestosis and Mesothelioma. Extensive background in Sleep Disorders including Forencic Sleep Medicine, wherein sleep disorders may impact the courtroom with abnormal sleep behavior e.g. sexsomnia, confusional arousals, and somnolence impacting driver accidents and DWI charges.
Expertise includes three decades experience in caring for patients with a broad spectrum of pulmonary disorders, including Pneumonia, ARDS, Asthma, Industrial inhalation injuries, Asbestosis, Lung Cancer, Mesothelioma, Lymphoma, Respiratory failure, Pulmonary Rehabilation services, all forms of Lung Fibrosis, Extensive background in Critical Care Medicine. Recent successful defenses in DWI/DUI charges in which various respiratory and medical disorders mitigate DWI/DUI charges and result in dismissals of charges or acquittal.25 years of medical-legal consultant including independent medical exams, reports, depositions and court testimony through out the country for both plaintiff and defense attorneys.
Experienced in all aspects of Sleep Disorders and double board certified in Sleep Medicine. Co-founder and past-president of the New Jersey Sleep Society. Founded and obtained accreditation for 5 sleep centers and currently Medical Director of Accredited Sleep Center. Since 1982 has evaluated more than 10,000 patients with a wide variety of sleep disorders. Expert in the field of Forensic Sleep Medicine wherein unrecognized sleep pathology may result in civil and criminal charges. Frequently called on to testify in cases where disorders such as Sleep Apnea , Narcolepsy and driver fatigue have contributed MVA and other accidents.These and other sleep disorders may mitigate charges of DWI/DUI and auto and other driver error contribute to both fatal and non-fatal accidents.
Parasomnias are a class of sleep disorders that result in abnormal behavior during sleep or during confusional arousals. Sexsomnia (sexual behavior during sleep) is a well recognized sleep disorder that has been shown to explain some cases of child and adult molestation charges. REM Sleep Behavior may explain some cases of assault & battery charges.
Drowsy driving is a major public health problem through out the world. Many thousands of fatal and non-fatal accidents take place each year related to driver fatigue and/or underlying sleep disorders. Dr. Penek currently works with several state agencies to screen for underlying sleep pathology. Frequently called on to testify in cases where disorders such as Sleep Apnea and Narcolepsy impact charges of DWI/DUI and auto and other driver error contribute to both fatal and non-fatal accidents. 25 years of medical-legal consultant including independent medical exams, reports, depositions and court testimony throughout the country for both plaintiff and defense attorneys.
- Alcohol Abuse
- Alcohol, Drug & DUI Testing
- Pulmonary Medicine
- Sleep Medicine
References upon request.


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Hello 6th grade parents and students! Below you can find information and documents relating to band at Cuthbertson Middle School for next year.
Beginning Band Information
Everything you need to know in order to read music and play an instrument will be taught in the band class. If you have any previous training in music it will be VERY helpful but it is NOT mandatory. The only prerequisites for joining band are a great attitude, a desire to be in the band, a willingness to work hard, and a readiness to have FUN!
The middle school related arts schedule is divided into two sections. For the 6th grade year, students who choose not to take band will participate in a 6 week wheel rotation. Band class is not on this rotation and meets every day. Band students will still have the opportunity to take PE, health, and computers and still be in band! Foreign language clubs are available for interested students after school. Only students who choose band on the registration card will be scheduled for the band class. We have 2 different 6th grade band classes which are divided up by instruments the students choose
Each band student receives a numerical grade based on performance, technical progress, written work (including practice records) and daily participation. Students should practice at least 30 minutes daily to ensure progress on the instrument. Band students should review music covered that day in class as well as additional music literature (including "fun" music).
Definitely! Many band members play on school and club athletic teams. Students are also active in clubs and many other school organizations. Sixth grade band members have only two required concerts and no after school commitments. Additionally, many students across the nation who study music find that their grades and test scores are often much higher than that of their classmates.
The sixth grade band will participate in the Winter and Spring Concerts with the other CMS Bands. Students will also have the opportunity to participate in the state Solo and Ensemble Festival in April. As a seventh and eighth grade band member, your band will have the opportunity to perform both in North Carolina and out of the state. Advanced students will have the opportunity to audition for All County, All District, and All State Bands. We also offer Jazz Band, Marching Band, and Percussion Ensembles.
The following instruments are available for sixth grade band members. Woodwinds: Flute, Oboe, Clarinet, and Alto Saxophone. Brass: French Horn, Trumpet, Trombone, Baritone, and Tuba.
You will have the chance to try the different instruments to decide which instrument is best suited for you. Keep in mind what instruments you like and which one you try out the best on. This will make you very successful!
A rental night will be held where you and your parents can make arrangements to rent or purchase an instrument and obtain your materials. This will be the best opportunity to rent an instrument because we will have several instruments here to look at and many qualified people to help you make the best selection. Also, students who have not been previously been evaluated for an instrument can be tested at this time.
The main cost to be in band is your instrument. Absolutely NO student will be turned away from the band due to an inability to pay for an instrument.
Band Information
How do I join band? – Registration Process
- Students must be evaluated to see which instrument will be the best for them. They will come home with a blue sheet recommending the instrument that will be the best fit for them. This will take place during the school day. Any student who is absent can be evaluated on BAND REGISTRATION DAY.
- 6TH GRADE BAND REGISTRATION DAY- Saturday May 11th. Stop by at any session either 10AM, 11AM, or Noon and reserve a premium instrument!
- Please visit www.cuthbertsonband.org for more information regarding band classes – including frequently asked questions and important information. In addition, interested band families can pre-register for 6th grade band classes and indicate their instrument choice – this will help us in providing a faster enrollment process during BAND REGISTRATION DAY.
- On the PURPLE Related Arts card in the 6th grade packet – select Band!
- Woodwind instruments: Flute, Oboe, Clarinet and Saxophone.
- Brassinstruments include: Trumpet, Horn, Trombone, Baritone and Tuba.
Cuthbertson Middle School Band
This year's beginning band class is now being organized. The Cuthbertson Middle School Band Program is looking for talented, excited, and hard-working individuals to join our 6th grade Beginning Band. Students are not required to have any prior musical knowledge or training to join band; they will learn to read music and play one of the band instruments.
It is hoped that you will allow your child to participate in this unique educational opportunity! Band is a regularly scheduled class in the school day and is free of charge. It does not conflict with extra-curricular activities such as sports. The 6th grade year is when students are allowed to be in band and experience is not required. Last year at Cuthbertson, over 1/3 of all 6th grade students took band!
Students, you will be evaluated on and have a chance to try out several different instruments. This procedure is very important to determine which instrument is best suited for the student. Students, make sure to keep in mind what instruments you like and which one you try out the best on…this will make you very successful! An instrument recommendation sheet will be sent home. Please do not purchase or rent an instrument until you see this recommendation! BAND REGISTRATION DAY will be held at Cuthbertson Middle School on Saturday May 11th where you and your parents can drop in at any of the session beginning at 10am, 11am, or 12pm and make arrangements to rent or purchase the instrument you were recommended for. We include the following instruments in our 6th grade band program:
Woodwind instruments: Flute, Oboe, Clarinet and Saxophone.
Brass instruments include: Trumpet, Horn, Trombone, and Baritone.
Note: Percussion instruments are not taught until later in the school year so that attention can be focused on learning the discipline of music. During the first three months, aspiring percussionists should begin their musical experience on a wind instrument so that music reading skills and discipline can be taught effectively. Later in the year students wishing to play percussion will be evaluated for suitability, and a small number of qualified students will be selected to join the percussion section.
We hope that you will consider taking band next year. We have a great time making music and offer many opportunities for students to be successful!
Musically yours,
Katie Ebert / Todd Ebert / Dylan Sims
Band Directors


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Girls Varsity Bowling · Girls Varsity Bowling beats Northmont Senior 2393 – 2088
2393 - 2088
Saturday, November 25, 2017 11:00 AM Place 4 Points 4481 Meet Recap Great showing for The Lady Viking bowling team finished 4th at the Centerville Elks tournament.Crissy Journell breaks 3 games series school record with 657 and Skylar born bowled a three game series of 577. Great job girls. Opponents School Place Points Centerville High
The boys bowling team set many records over the last two years but qualifying back to back as a team to the OHSAA State Tournament is HUGE. They competed at the State Tournament over the weekend and finished in 12th place. The OHSAA state director said that there were over 1,500 teams in qualifying and


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FAQ – InWorldz Guide
Who is InWorldz?
There are three Co-Founders who run InWorldz, as shown in our ToS. Our LLC is located in New York, and any legal correspondence may be directed to:
- InWorldz, LLC
- 7014 13th Avenue, Suite 202
- Brooklyn, NY 11228
The three Founders are:
- Elenia Llewellyn (InWorldz name) – Beth Reischl
- Legion Hienrichs (InWorldz name) – John Arnolde
- Tranquillity Dexler (InWorldz name) – David Daeschler
Each of us brings a different skill set to the grid, between software engineer, to customer support, technical debugging. We have 18 years of development experience, 20+ years of customer service, and that doesn't include our volunteers and their experience levels.
What is InWorldz?
InWorldz is a Virtual World initially based off the OpenSim software. Efforts however, are being made to move past this source code and becoming closer to the Second Life standard for working improvements. What does it cost?
InWorldz is a free Virtual World… Yes, that's right, FREE! There is no cost to create your own avatar, there is no membership fee, and you can even create your goods on our provided sandboxes!
What viewer can I use?
There are a few different viewers out there, however, the ones recommend for our users based on OS:
Windows OS:
InWorldz ViewerImprudence Viewer
InWorldz ViewerImprudence Viewer
Linux OS:
InWorldz ViewerImprudence Viewer
How do I connect with Hippo?
To connect with Hippo, follow these instructions:
- Load the Viewer
- Select the Grids button at the bottom of the interface
- In the new window Hippo pops up, you'll see an
- button, press the button (this will clear all fields below)
- For the field
Login URI:
- type in 'http://inworldz.com:8002/' (no apostrophes)
- Check the drop down box is set for OpenSim
- Click
- Type in User First name and Last name, and password, and that is it!
Do uploads cost anything?
Currently, all uploads are free. We have no intentions of changing this in the future, as our goal is to allow creators do what they do best: create.
Can I buy land?
Yes, there are two types of land available: Private Isles and Mainland Regions. You may also rent parcels from various InWorldz land owners. We do not rent out parcels ourselves, as this would undermine our land owners.
What is a Private Isle?
Private Isles are full regions, not connected to the mainland, Sah'ra. Private Isles have far more functionality and management capabilities than a mainland region. Private Isles have no rating restrictions, allow estate managers, full flexibility of the estate tools. Private Isles come with a range of prims from 35,000 to 45,000, with the smallest allowable prim being .001 x .001 x .001 to the largest allowable of 128 x 128 x 128.
What is a Mainland Region?
Mainland regions are available and are a smaller price than Private Isles. Mainlands are restricted to PG content only, and do not have full Estate controls. You may not assign an estate manager, and terraforming is restricted to +/- 15m. Prim count is limited to 30,000 with the smallest allowable prim being .001 x .001 x .001 to the largest allowable of 128 x 128 x 128.
What do regions cost?
Currently, for beta pricing, all Private Isles are priced at $75/month, with a $75 setup fee attached. Mainland pricing is at $60/month with a $60 setup fee. All Beta residents who purchase land now, will have grandfathered pricing for one year after we come out of beta.
How do I buy a region?
Log into InWorldz, to the InWorldz Desert Isle Location (79, 204, 29), and there is a Private Isle Region vendor. The vendor will walk you through setting up which island configuration you wish to use (10 different configurations which you can view starting at InWorldz Alpha), Region Name, Estate Name. And then proceed to direct you to your shopping cart to finish paying. ** Mainland regions not yet available!
If you are purchasing a Private Isle, select one of the InWorldz Oceans available on the map (be kind, please don't select one next to an existing region) and you'll see a "For Sale" button. clicking on this will bring you to a configuration sheet where you can enter the estate name and region name you would like. Allow up to 24hours for us to process this and get your region up and running. If you have any problems do not hesitate to contact us at email@example.com


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Installation is very easy. Just follow below steps.
Step 1:
Just navigate to https://apps.shopify.com/mps-notify-me page and click on GET button at top right corner as shown in below snapshot.
Step 2:
Once you click on GET button if you are not already logged in then Shopify will ask your store url (myshopify.com version), just insert your store URL where you want to install Notify Me app and click on Login button as shown in below snapshot.
Step 3:
Once you will click on Login button you will see next screen with Install button. Just press Install button as shown on below snapshot and you will reach to Notify Me app installation final step.
Final Step:
In last step you just need to choose your Notify Me app plan. Notify Me has Pay as You Grow plans. So just choose plan that fit best on your store based on number of products you are selling and Notify Me will start monitoring all products(and variants) of your store.


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WQA invites industry members involved in portable exchange tank processes to a collaborative task force for the development of a protocol
Typical cation exchange water softeners have been under regulatory scrutiny for many years because of their need for salt to regenerate the ion exchange bed and the amount of water they use for regeneration. Water Quality Assn. (WQA) members have devised a way to address these concerns by offering portable exchange tank services for water softening.
In this type of process, a trained technician visits the home on a regular basis to swap out the spent resin tank with a freshly regenerated resin tank. The homeowner pays a monthly fee and avoids the cost and hassle of regeneration. Meanwhile, the spent resin tank is returned to a central location where it can be regenerated under controlled conditions to minimize wastewater generation and salt discharge.
This is similar to the process that is used for deionization water generation in laboratories and industrial settings throughout the United States, often called portable exchange deionization.
WQA is inviting industry members who are involved in portable exchange tank processes to a collaborative WQA task force for the development of a WQA protocol. This protocol is intended to describe best practices for quality assurance, and may later be used as a seed document for the development of an American National Standards Institute standard.