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Airline Restructuring and Insolvency – Getting a Handle on Airline Operational Risk is Key to Long Term Survival
Authors: Henry Kikoyo
On Tuesday, 2 October 2018, Primera Air joined the list of airlines which have filed for insolvency in the last 12 months. The airline, a low cost carrier which has its origins in Iceland but subsequently moved its operations to Denmark, was owned by the Icelandic Primera Travel Group. Primera Air flew seven Boeing aircraft from bases in Iceland, Denmark, Sweden and Finland. It offered transatlantic flights from Birmingham and Stansted airports in the UK with flights to Washington, Newark, Boston and Toronto.
Ironically, Primera announced in January of this year that 2017 had been a record year, with a 13.7% increase in revenue compared to the preceding year. The number of passengers carried in 2017 exceeded 1 million, and it is calculated that there had been a consistent load factor of 85% on flights operated by Primera. Things appeared to be going well for the company!
The insolvency of Primera Air follows closely on the heels of Monarch, formerly the UK's fifth largest airline, which was restructured twice with capital injections from Greybull Capital. Following the 2014 takeover Monarch restructured its position in the market, implementing a low-cost business model that entailed a reduction in fleet and staff, in a bid to reduce its operating costs. However, Monarch's fate was sealed by the impact of terrorism, Brexit, and market competition. In November 2015, following terror attacks in Egypt, the Egyptian Government banned flights to the region. This was particularly problematic for Monarch, as it had focused largely on flights to Sharm-el-Sheikh. Later, in 2016, the decline of the pound following the Brexit referendum took another toll, as it was reported that the majority of Monarch's revenue was taken in pounds while its aircraft leases, fuel, ground handling costs, and other operating expenses were being paid in euros and dollars.
Airline restructurings and insolvencies are complex, multi-faceted, cross-border operations with many variables. The aviation industry is notorious for business failure given its sensitivity to a wide range of factors, from political instabilities, fuel prices, and foreign exchange to natural disasters, terrorism, and disease. It is also highly sensitive to mismanagement and poor decisions. It is a cyclical and seasonal industry, which is further squeezed by a reverse working capital cycle. Coupled with aggressive competition from low cost carriers and greater fare transparency as a result of increasingly accessible internet tools, airlines can face liquidity pressures from numerous angles.
So what went wrong for Primera, and why the sudden fall from grace? Those familiar with the aviation industry will recognise the pattern, after all there are enough case studies out there. Erratic business model; over-ambitious route plan; poor fleet plan; significant technical exposure; excessive debts followed by reduced access to new money. Eventually all these culminated into unsustainable operating costs, which the company had not accounted for in its business plan. Insolvency almost always follows when other macro-economic factors, such as increased fuel prices come into the mix.
Distressed or insolvent airlines will normally require two restructuring initiatives:
- debt restructuring and liability management, which normally involves a reorganisation of the capital structure, resolution of liabilities, and renegotiation or termination of onerous contracts. This may be done on a consensual basis or within formal insolvency proceedings such as an administration filing in the UK or a filing under Chapter 11 of the US Bankruptcy Code; and
- an operational restructuring, targeted at, among others, enhancing the airlines business model and improving operations.
This article considers the issues and strategies pertaining to the operational restructuring of airlines and looks at case studies, such as Primera Air and other airlines. A separate article will follow on the issues and strategies pertaining to the debt restructuring and liability management.
Operational issues:
Technical exposure: Primera Air's management cited severe corrosion to one of their Aircraft as one of the main contributors to the failure of the airline. The full facts pertaining to the corrosion have not been disclosed. However, this is a well-known technical (and major) risk that airlines and their advisors need to pay attention to alongside other technical risks around the condition and maintenance of the aircraft. As evidenced by Primera Air, the cost implications can be catastrophic.
A significant amount of the negotiation in relation to the purchase or lease of aircraft relates to its technical conditions, including:
- the condition of the aircraft at delivery;
- the scope and nature of inspections to be undertaken by the airline company prior to accepting delivery;
- the on-going maintenance requirements, including apportionment of costs (and the extent to which, for example, maintenance reserves may be utilised for certain repairs); and
- the return conditions of the aircraft (if acquired on lease).
For used/aged aircraft, in particular, counterparties can often be pulling in opposite directions on the above points. However, aircraft contracts are a mature industry and there are so called "market standards" in relation to risk allocation. In our experience, whilst "misfortunes" occur in relation to technical exposure, many airlines can become unduly exposed due to poorly negotiated arrangements, mismanagement, sheer technical incompetence, or lack of foresight, which often comes to light later on during the term of the aircraft lease or during restructuring or insolvency.
The delivery conditions for the aircraft should expressly set out the required technical condition of the aircraft, including matters such as corrosion, at delivery, and the lessee should conduct appropriate borescope inspections to verify delivery conditions as far as possible. Whilst this sounds obvious, it is not always the case in practice. For example, it is not unusual for lessors to require more stringent conditions on return of the aircraft than when it is was delivered. Common sense would have it that the delivery conditions and the return conditions of the aircraft must at least be aligned, but the relative negotiating power of the parties or the commercial considerations at the time of entering the agreements may prevail. It also goes without saying that it is advisable to include the airline's technical team in the negotiations in relation to the aircraft as early as possible.
The airline's technical team must thoroughly inspect the aircraft in accordance with the agreed inspection protocol in order to ensure that it complies with the delivery conditions. This can be a protracted process as sellers or lessors are minded to limit the scope of the inspection. The market convention is that aircraft are delivered in "as-is where-is" condition. It is the airline's obligation to thoroughly inspect the aircraft and, once this is completed and aircraft accepted, the technical risk passes to the airline.
The inspection covers aircraft documentation and actual physical inspection. There is a whole of range inspections of varying complexity that can be performed, including general visual inspection; detailed inspection; special detailed inspection; borescope; test flights; etc. Other checks may be required to address corrosion, such as investigations into the previous operating environment of the aircraft, previous maintenance protocol, and review of whether the manufacturer's maintenance planning document (MPD) includes corrosion tasks. In summary, the airline's prudence in this process, or lack thereof, may have implications in due course.
After the airline has acquired the aircraft, it is normally expected to conduct maintenance in accordance with the agreed maintenance regime, often referred to as the Agreed Maintenance Program or AMP. For example, the AMP will likely include corrosion prevention and/or protection program (otherwise referred to as CPCP Tasks). Aircraft maintenance is a very expensive business. In modern airline management, airlines are expected to set aside a pot of money (the maintenance reserve) on a monthly basis to cover technical risks. Here lies the "shortfall" that we find in many failing airlines. Some airlines which own the aircraft may find the practice of setting aside maintenance reserves too cumbersome for their cash flow requirements and are either lax about following through, or simply do not set aside enough (i.e. the maintenance reserve pot becomes under reserved). When catastrophe strikes, as it did in the case of Primera Air, the airline company may scramble to find cash, in some cases with dire consequences.
For airlines which lease their aircraft, the lessor will often mandatorily require them to pay (in addition to rent) a maintenance reserve calculated on the basis of an agreed formula. We have come across a number of weaknesses in the execution of the maintenance reserve protocol that can sometimes put the airlines in a difficult financial position further down the road, notwithstanding that it has contributed to the reserves.
Firstly, lessors sometimes book the maintenance reserves as revenue and in fact characterise them as "rent" for the purposes of the lease agreement in order to, among others, defeat the creation of an equitable trust in favour of the airline. This means that the airline is unable to automatically access the reserves when faced with a maintenance event and has to request a contribution pursuant to the terms of the lease agreement. Unfortunately, sometimes lessors are hesitant contributors to maintenance events (comparable to a landlord in respect of service charges for a block of flats).
Secondly, many airlines are faced with poorly negotiated terms or conditions for accessing the maintenance reserves. For example, maintenance reserves are available only towards certain agreed maintenance events (the so called "qualifying works") and particular maintenance events may be carved out as being ineligible for contributions out of the maintenance reserves. In fact, in a number of aircraft leasing agreements we have seen, we found that "corrosion" was carved out non-scheduled maintenance, although it remains unknown whether this is the fate that befell Primera Air. In other cases the maintenance reserve is paid into specific sub-pots, such as aircraft frame, engines, landing gear, and propeller parts, rather than into a single pool. The reserves in a particular sub-pot may only be used towards a maintenance event relating to that sub-pot. The issue with this structure is that sometimes there is simply not enough reserve in a particular sub-pot to cover the cost of repair of a particular maintenance event, and the airline is then faced with financing the shortfall out of its own pocket (notwithstanding that the lessor may be sitting on a significant amount of money contributed by the airline across other sub-pots). Moreover, many lessor contributions are made by way of reimbursements, meaning that the airline has to finance the repair in the meantime. All the above are ultimately negotiating points in the underlying documentation.
Routes and Fleet Plan: The airline's fleet plan and the routes to be flown are two interconnected aspects which ultimately feed into the business model of the airline. It is astonishing how many managers of failed airlines get this wrong. For example, Primera Air cited the delayed delivery of aircraft from Airbus as one of the causes of its insolvency. Operationally, Primera Air committed to several new routes and pre-sold tickets whilst it did not actually have the aircrafts to service those routes. Once faced with delays, it then scrambled around for wet-leases. These are aircraft leasing arrangements which come as a package with crew, maintenance, and insurance. Such arrangements can be immensely expensive, even more so if entered into at a late stage.
Airlines have obligations under Regulation (EC) No 261/2004 to compensate and provide assistance to passengers in the event of being denied boarding, or of cancellation or long delays to their flights. Primera Air would have been faced with this issue and would have had to put in place alternative arrangements which purportedly cost it up to €20 million, eventually contributing to its demise.
The above points to over-expansion without an appropriate fleet plan in place and certainly without an alternative or back-up plan. Primera Air started, or announced, new routes as recently as September 2018. It had an ambitious programme for the requisition of new aircraft, the terms of which are still unknown to the public. Moreover, it does not appear to have a strategy in place for accessing aircraft in the wet-lease market in order to minimise vulnerability to over inflated prices.
The airline's management needs to bear in mind that the fleet comprises the airline's key assets, without which it simply cannot conduct its business. Further, lack of aircraft can affect other parts of the business model. If an airline does not use its take-off and landing slots, there is a danger that it forfeits them under EU regulations (the "use it or lose it" rule). Accordingly, a review of passenger load factor needs to take place at the earliest opportunity to determine and maximise utilisation of each aircraft. All aircraft lessors or suppliers need to be engaged and encouraged to cooperate, and alternatives should be considered. Good restructuring advisors take the view that nothing is cast in stone and everything is subject to renegotiation with the ultimate objective of facilitating the survival of the airline. The key is to identify the "win-win" positions in the circumstances.
The operational restructuring of a distressed airline will also normally involve a comprehensive review of the airline's routes with a view to identifying the profitable and non-profitable routes. The poorly performing routes should be abandoned or discarded, albeit this exercise is not straight forward. For example, some poorly performing routes may actually be feeder routes into the more profitable routes, or may have other strategic benefits. The route review will need to tie in with the airline's overall restructuring strategy and link in with other restructuring strategies including headcount, cost reduction, asset disposal (for example, it does not make sense to dispose of aircrafts with long range capability if the airline is intending to boost its long haul operations), and other elements such as code-sharing or formation of an alliance/partnership.
Management Enhancement and Operational Efficiency: Just like the medieval statement "All Roads Lead to Rome" arguably the equivalent for failed businesses is "All Roads Lead to Management". This is at least the starting point for any restructuring.
It is well-documented that existing management are often unlikely to have the resources, time, or know-how to execute a turnaround strategy whilst at the same time also continuing the day-to-day running of the business. Moreover, they may be unable to consider their past actions with impartiality.
There are two major management strategies that are fundamental to the stabilisation and eventual survival of a struggling airline: cash flow management strategy and cost-cutting. Cash is king for any distressed business, but this is even more true for an airline due to the high cash burn in running operations. Moreover, the extended value chain[1] for the airline business not only creates many opportunities for cash leakage, but also creates room to be held hostage by lessors and suppliers. Airlines are at the bottom of the value chain. It is therefore imperative that robust cash management and conservation plans are in place. The sister to cash management is cost cutting. This normally starts with a reduction of the number of employees. It also involves identifying any other cost centers where savings are possible, usually a ruthless process if the full benefits are to be reaped.
A Chief Restructuring Officer (or CRO) will normally be appointed with to the purview of overseeing the entire turnaround strategy. These are skilled individuals who specialise in distressed situations and will tend to be appointed from outside the business, and thus have no emotional attachment to the past. The CRO frees up the management team to focus on day-to-day running of the company and to not be distracted by the restructuring. However, they may also be empowered to assess management capabilities and competencies, which may eventually pave the way for management change.
The cost cutting in relation to employees is usually intended to make the company leaner and more streamlined. Obviously such measures must be taken in accordance with local labour laws, and in consultation with relevant trade unions and local counsel, thereby minimising litigation risk. This area must be handled in a sensitive manner in order to avoid alienating the remaining employees. It can be challenging to keep the best employees from departing and to maintain high levels of morale among the remaining employees against a backdrop of restructuring. Thought should be given to employee incentives schemes in order to motivate employees and generally use them as the valuable resources they are (these individuals perhaps know the company best).
Corporate reorganisation: A part or full reorganisation of the airline's corporate structure may be required to enhance and optimise operational efficiency, facilitate alternative revenue sources (such as hotels, travel packages, MRO etc), and facilitate new money investment. We have seen this most recently with Malaysia Airlines. On 1 September 2015, Malaysia Airlines Bhd became Malaysia's new national carrier. The transition meant that the previous legacy-laden airline company was left behind, and a new (and leaner) company emerged. Splitting an ailing company into two is not unusual. It helps to isolate the loss-making and indebted parts from the debt-free, lean and profitable operations, giving the company a reasonable chance of survival. Thought should be given to operational aspects and long-term sustainability when implementing this type of structure and, in particular, the licenses. For example, which entity will hold the Air Operator Certificate ("AOC"). It is important to note that AOCs are not transferrable from one legal entity to another. Therefore, where a restructuring is planned which involves a similar structure to that used by Malaysia Airlines, the creation of a new entity will bring with it the obligation to apply for a new AOC. There are other licenses to take into account as well such as IOSA certifications and, in the case of legacy airlines, whether there are implications under the air services agreements.
New Money: Almost all restructurings will require the injection of new capital, without which the restructuring is unlikely to succeed. Ultimately, it was Primera Air's inability to attract new funding that consummated its collapse. Success in acquiring new sources of funding will depend on how attractive the restructuring proposition is, including the business plan. Investors in distressed companies tend to look forward, not backwards.
The airline may also seek to use alternative financing solutions, including leveraging on its assets. For example, Monarch attempted to securitise its landing slots to raise money, albeit this initiative was not successful. Kenya Airways sold its Heathrow slot, whilst Virgin successfully securitised some of its slots.
State-owned airlines can often turn to their respective governments for bailouts. Iberia, Aer Lingus and Air France all used state aid to affect their turnaround plans. Full or partial privatization is often a part of the scenario when the government pumps in additional funds to help turn around its national airline, it is then quickly able to recoup its investment. An example of this being Air France, which used government bailout to affect its turnaround before achieving a part privatization followed by a listing on the Paris stock exchange.
In conclusion, as highlighted in this article, it is critical for airline survival to effectively manage operational risk. Some of the most critical operational factors are cost structure, operational efficiency, resolution of technical exposure, and the management's competence, all of which need to be geared towards the execution of an effective business model.
[1] The airline value chain includes (not necessarily in priority) lessors or financiers of aircraft, fuel suppliers, airports (landing charges and gate rights), ground handling, travel agents, overflight services, catering, and others including passengers.
Henry Kikoyo
Henry Kikoyo is a Partner at Brown Rudnick LLP and regularly advises in relation to airlines in distress and insolvency including debt and operational restructuring. He has particular experience acting for airlines operating in emerging markets which are faced with inadequate institutional and legal framework to support effective turnaround initiatives. He also acts for lessors and creditors in relation to recovery out of insolvent airlines including enforcement and repossession of aircraft. He is part of a Transatlantic team of lawyers practicing in aviation, insolvency and other sectors, who are well prepared to advise on complex and cross-border legal problems arising out of specialist sector insolvencies.
About Brown Rudnick LLP
At Brown Rudnick LLP, we combine ingenuity with experience to achieve great outcomes for our clients. We deliver partner-driven service; we incentivize our lawyers to collaborate in the client's best interest; and we put excellence before scale, focusing on distressed debt, corporate restructuring, M&A, white collar defense and intellectual property, where we are recognized leaders. We have more than 250 lawyers and government relations professionals across the United States and Europe, with offices in key financial centers. Beyond the United States and Europe, we serve clients in the Middle East, North Africa, the Caribbean and Latin America.
Information contained in this article is not intended to constitute legal advice by the author or the attorneys at Brown Rudnick LLP, and they expressly disclaim any such interpretation by any party. Specific legal advice depends on the facts of each situation and may vary from situation to situation. Distribution of this article to, or review by, interested parties does not establish an attorney-client relationship. The views expressed herein are solely the views of the authors and do not represent the views of Brown Rudnick LLP, those parties represented by the authors, or those parties represented by Brown Rudnick LLP.
Brown Rudnick LLP is a limited liability partnership authorized and regulated by the Solicitors Regulation Authority, the Paris Bar, and registered in England & Wales with company number OC3000611. It is affiliated with Brown Rudnick LLP, a limited liability partnership organized under the laws of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.
ATTORNEY ADVERTISING. Prior results do not guarantee a similar outcome.
Henry Kikoyo
F: +firstname.lastname@example.com


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Sportsman Pom-Pom Knit Beanie – University of Alaska, TRIO Student Support Services, 5/15/2015
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subset: commoncrawl


text: Hurricanes Force Manufacturers to Consider Impact on Employees By Matthew Miklave on September 18, 2017 Posted in OSHA Compliance, Wage and Hour Hurricanes Harvey and Irma caused widespread property damage and flooding, and some manufacturers may not be able to reopen their businesses for several months. To assist followers of this blog, I have set out below a few of questions which manufacturers have asked in the last few weeks. I have also set out links to … Continue Reading


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Dhs. 250.00
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The Jewel Vase Smoke Small
Louise Roe Denmark's iconic Jewel Vase is a cool and edgy vase - we love it!!
The Jewel Vase is available in various beautiful colors and 3 different sizes. This is the smallest size and perfect for small bunches of flowers or just a few simple stems.
Mouth blown glass
8 x 8 x 16 cm


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MAY 2018 (COSTA MESA) The Place is now open and opened to overwhelming success during last weekend's Grand Opening. Tour three professionally decorated model homes and experience the expansive fourth-floor rooftop Sky Suites. The Place is now releasing Phase 2 which includes some of the best locations in the neighborhood.
Intracorp introduces the Sky Suite, a true outdoor room spanning up to 819 square feet with a 360-degree view. Encompassing the entire 4th floor, the Sky Suite embodies the best of California Coastal living and includes a large shade trellis, electric, gas and water connections. Each Sky Suite offers the opportunity to personalize by adding outdoor kitchens with sinks and under counter refrigerators, barbecues and media. With the addition of an optional solid roof cover, Sky Suites are the ideal year-round outdoor entertaining solution.
The wow factor for these homes are the open concept Living and Dining Rooms which flow into the large kitchens with over-sized islands and walk-in pantries (most plans). Standard amenities include a Kitchen Aid stainless steel appliance package, Quartz countertops and backsplash, white Thermofoil shaker cabinets with soft close drawers, under cabinet task lighting, and contemporary chrome fixtures.
Located 1.1 miles from the beach, the entire first floor is dedicated to home base businesses and includes a private restroom. With a Walk Score of 87, The Place is hassle free living in an eclectic environment with local hangouts just around the corner. This collection of 42 detached contemporary residences range from 2,051 – 2,379 square feet and feature five floorplans, each with two to three bedrooms and a two-car garage. Pricing is from the low one millions.
Homeowners at The Place are part of the prestigious Newport Mesa School District and enjoy a low tax rate, no Mello-Roos and low HOA dues. The Place is part of the 17 West masterplan conveniently located off Superior and 17th Street, in an urban environment with close proximity to nightlife, freeways, transit, shopping and dining.
Home shoppers seeking additional information are invited to visit us daily from 10am-6pm and Wednesday 1pm-6pm. Register for community updates at www.LiveThePlace.com and follow The Place on social media for construction and community updates. Brokers welcome.
About Intracorp
Developing communities in six urban regions in North America, Intracorp has established itself as a real estate developer that delivers extraordinary experiences to homeowners. As one of North America's largest developers of multi-family homes, Intracorp has delivered more than twenty-two thousand homes in 176 communities. Intracorp grew out of founder Joe Houssian's first business venture Intrawest, which was founded in 1976. The company began as an urban residential real estate business, which transformed into an internationally renowned resort and real estate development company credited with the success of several preeminent ski resorts, such as Whistler Blackcomb. Intracorp currently develops outstanding communities in British Columbia, Ontario, Washington and California.


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The TUM International Graduate School of Science and Engineering invites doctoral researchers from the EuroTech Universities to join its annual symposium at TUM´s Science and Study Center in Raitenhaslach from 29-31 May 2017.
Two doctoral researchers from each EuroTech University are invited to IGSSE´s interdisciplinary scientific poster session and one day of workshops with acclaimed presenters and inspiring discussions. This year´s leitmotif 'Manage your career' offers a look behind the scenes regarding careers in academia, industry and startups. Dr. Fridolin Stary, head of R&D at Wacker Chemie, a global player in silicone products, and Dr. Thomas Jørgensen, Senior Policy Coordinator at EUA confirmed their presence. Last but not least, companies such as BMW, Infineon or Evonik as well as academic institutions like the German Research Foundation, Fraunhofer Gesellschaft will present their current career opportunities at an exclusive career fair.
Details on the program for doctoral candidates are available on the IGSSE website.
IGSSE will cover travels from and to Munich, accommodation in Burghausen and participation in the workshops. Interested doctoral researchers may register with event manager Maya Schmitt until 25 April 2017.


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Ditch big-time musicians for local jams
February 2, 2017
Lauryn Hill continued her long string of canceled shows and late appearances at Heinz Hall Tuesday night, feeding into the stereotype that top-notch fame comes with top-notch arrogance.
The R&B singer/songwriter — who peaked in the late '90s — did eventually come on stage, but it was at 11:20 p.m. instead of the 8 p.m. scheduled stage time.
During the nearly three-and-a-half hour lag, angry showgoers took to Twitter to vent their rage.
"Yo you going to that Lauryn Hill concert tonight?"
Lauryn Hill: "nah you?"
— pj (@pjhoody) February 1, 2017
Hill's behavior was standard practice for her. This time, she ascribed her late arrival to other band members who'd been delayed for inclement weather.
Hill, though, is notorious for refusing to take the stage until her "energies" align, which means she often doesn't pick up the mic until hours after the ticket time. In Atlanta last May, she showed up more than two hours late and then played for only 40 minutes. The venue shut the sound off and cut her performance short because of "strict union policy," according to the Root's review.
Just because you thought Lauryn Hill had a concert at a certain date and time doesn't mean she thought that. Respect people's privacy
— skurp skurp ???? (@floEBSist) February 1, 2017
But "better late than never" isn't a Hill-exclusive philosophy. Kanye West showed up more than an hour late to his show at Penn State in September. Madonna took the stage two-and-a-half hours late for a 2012 show in Philadelphia. On Pitt's campus, Tyga didn't show up at all for a March 2014 concert at the Fitzgerald Field House.
It's a fate that's fallen on music fans of all genres, and it should be enough to make you consider ditching the national music scene — and picking up the local one instead.
Talking purely logistics, national artists have to fly in for every show they play, which leaves them vulnerable to flight delays for any reason. "Inclement weather" is the most frequently cited excuse, as Hill claimed with her tardy bandmembers.
This is significantly less likely to happen to local artists, who are already in the area and don't have to make a long trek to the venue — which means you, as a show-goer, are that much less likely to be stood up.
In Hill's case, the audience ended up hearing from a local artist while they angry-tweeted about Hill's absence. Pittsburgh DJ Motormane, a member of Wiz Khalifa's Taylor Gang, opened the show and was on stage until 9:30 p.m. to fill time. Hill's DJ came on the stage after, stalling even longer.
HOST: Andddddd now, ladies and gentlemen, LAURYN HILL!!!!!!!
LAURYN HILL: *at home* pic.twitter.com/fPdBVWUpJB
— Wild Wild Seth (@SpikeReeds) February 1, 2017
Pitt students who've been around for a while may find something eerily familiar about Motormane's move. Another Pittsburgh-based artist and member of the Taylor Gang record, Chevy Woods, saved Tyga's 2014 concert.
Reportedly, Tyga missed his flight to the Steel City due to, you guessed it: inclement weather. Although the crowd was notably disappointed, and a rumor spread quickly that Tyga was playing a private show for the Kardashians and Jenners, local rapper Chevy Woods bounded onto stage and filled the time.
I was at that show, during my first year at Pitt, and disappointed but mostly incensed when Tyga stood me up. A big chunk of the audience left when they heard Tyga wouldn't be showing, but those who did stay were happy when a musician actually stood up on stage, even if it wasn't the musician they came to see. Tyga, though, earned a bad rap on campus and inspired grudges in hundreds or possibly thousands of students who won't quickly forget the snub.
Though students only paid $5 for Tyga tickets since the show was held at Pitt, fans paid full-price to see Hill on Tuesday night. With both concerts, audience members first paid the ticket price for a national artist and then ended up seeing a local artist anyway. Hill did eventually show, but not before the majority of the crowd left, crying bloody murder if their tickets didn't get refunded.
Beyond just logistics, there's a stereotype that big-time musicians are unreasonably nitpicky — "divas," so to speak. Sometimes, these stereotypes hold up.
Lady Gaga needs a smoothie station. Mariah Carey reportedly asks for a three-seat couch — but it must be in a solid pattern, no prints. Jay Z demands seven different changing rooms.
Those demands and particularities remain unnoticed by the audience, until they begin to bleed into the concert itself.
At a Mr. Smalls show on Jan. 18, Deerhunter opened the venue's doors late as the excited audience waited outside. Through the doors, they could hear the lead singer demanding the same few bars be played on repeat, in an extended version of a soundcheck, according to WPTS Radio's Jake Sternberg and Jaimie Barca. Most of the crowd seemed to forget the debacle by the time the band began to play, but the delay can't be denied.
Although local musicians can be difficult to work with as well, they also don't play shows as often or to as large of crowds, which curbs any tendency they might have to take the audience for granted.
So, a simple idea. You could spend all of your rent money on show tickets for national artists who might leave you standing on your feet for hours or who might leave you in a murderous rage because you wasted a good night out on a no-show musician. Or you could invest in the Pittsburgh music scene and find some local artists instead.
Not only are they more likely to actually show up to their gigs — and not leave you stranded while they sort out their inner vibes — but you may even have enough money left over for a few drinks before the show.


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Melinda and Melinda is a unique movie that presents the main character, Melinda, in a unique manner. The movie is split into two ongoing story lines. One presents the movie with the main character in a drama. The other presents that same scenario in a comedy. It is a Woody Allen film that paints two pictures of the same scenario with different outcomes. The story lines of both are the same, but the manner in which the stories are told is different. This builds an anticipation for each of the different outcomes. It is like 2 stories wrapped into one.
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Respiratory medicine covers all conditions affecting the chest and lungs. The respiratory medicine department is based at Russells Hall Hospital, but also has outpatient clinics at the Corbett and Guest Hospital Outpatient Centres.
We have a multi-disciplinary team, including consultants, specialist nurses, physiotheraptists, respiratory physiologists (carry out lung function test) and secretarial support.
One of our principle aims is to work with our colleagues in the community (general practitioners and nurses) to treat as many patients as possible in their own homes.
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Like most fans of fantasy novels, I love a slam-bam opening scene with something shocking transpiring. In my novel, The Emperor's Mistress, it's a brutal battle where an emperor is struck down and his magical sword captured by the enemy. It's the same with the Superbowl. I want the first quarter to explode with action – or at least have something happen to draw me into the game.
In Sunday's game, the Giants' punter backed the Patriots deep into their own territory after Eli Manning could do nothing on New York's opening possession. On the Patriots' first play of the game, Tom Brady dropped back into his own end zone and had to throw the ball away to evade a tackle. Out came a ref's flag. Brady had been penalized for intentional grounding when he threw the ball deep down the middle. He'd tried to avoid a safety. Guess what? The Patriots were slapped with a safety and trailed the Giants 2-0 with the game barely begun.
The safety proved controversial for some sports pundits. They thought the ref had been unfair in throwing the flag. After all, a speedy Patriot receiver might have been able to sprint under the ball.
Add in a bit of controversy in a novel's opening scene and the stage is set for followup chapters that build suspense and tension, laying the ground work for a climatic final action scene. In The Emperor's Mistress, it's our heroes fighting a swarm of horse-size dragons. In the Superbowl, it's Brady and rest of the Patriots clinging to a 17-15 lead, setting up what would prove to be a hum-dinger of an ending.
With time down to about 3:50 left in the game, Manning completed a deep, sideline pass to Mario Manningham. Somehow, the Giants receiver kept both feet inbounds. Remember that safety? Without it, the Giants would have been trailing 17-13 on their final drive, not 17-15 as the scoreboard showed. When the Giants drove to inside the Patriots' five-yard line with about a minute left, the patriots' defense would not have let running back Ahmad Bradshaw score his clumsy touchdown. Perhaps the Patriots could have mounted a goal-line stand and won the game.
But that's not how it ended. The Patriots got the ball back with 57 seconds left and New England fans hoping for a "Brady" miracle. It almost happened. On the last play of the game, a desperate heave by Brady into the end zone was almost caught by tight end Rob Gronkowski, but the ball fell harmlessly to the turf. The Giants and their fans went crazy; Brady looked emotionally drained.
For a novel, a humdinger of an ending leaves the reader eager to read book 2 if it's a trilogy. If it's the Superbowl, the happy Giants fan buys a round for his buddies and then everybody watches the post-game show on sports bar's wide-screen TV.


text: The latest winter cap trend: pompoms! It's the latest craze in beanie design: the pompom, making a triumphant comeback this winter with a trendy revival look! Fashionistas can use it with just one rule: place it casually on your headwear.Beanies, caps, Russian fur caps: pompoms work with all of them The pompom is back on the scene, and it's not shy, finding its way onto headgear of all shapes and sizes. It's making an appearance on top of winter caps, Russian fur caps, fleece caps and caps with visors!The best part about the pompom is it works with all styles. On a Peruvian knitted beanie, it's a common addition. On cable knit sweaters, it leaves its mark, bringing the outfit an unexpected surprise. It's even useful on top of beanies to be used around town. It's a sure fire way to liven up an otherwise subdued winter cap design.1, 2, 3… pompoms! On the street or on the ski slopes, pompoms can be seen blowing energetically in the winter wind. Hats can come with one or multiple pompoms, since certain beanies include more than just one of this trendy feature. On the side, the neck, shoulders or hanging from our earmuffs. Some caps are composed of a multitude of tiny puffballs, giving your headgear a unique texture.Finally, when dressing your little ones, there's nothing cuter than a kid's beanie with pompom-style details!Ideas for pompoms: messy or neat You can wear pompoms however you wish: for a discreet look, pick out a pompom the same colour as your headwear, such as traditional beanies from Carharrt or Napapijri. If you're looking for a pompom that's loud and bold, try a more low-key one, in a colour that contrasts with the wool of your beanie.You can also showcase your pompoms by coordinating with the colour of your jacket, your ski pants or your scarf. Finally, for parties a knit hat will show off your pompom shine! And if you don't feel like "pompoming" one day, they come with removable pompoms!Choose the model that's best for you from numerous models available at the next winter hat sales event at vente-privee.com. Sign up today to take advantage of great deals!


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What Controls You
Galatians 5:24 And those who belong to Christ Jesus have crucified the flesh with its passions and desires. #Bible
The one who has asked Jesus to be forgiven, and turned away from the life imprisoned by the desires and yearnings of our carnal nature with all of its lusts and wants. These are those who belong to Christ Jesus. Jesus being Christ, is the Messiah, the one and only unique Son of God.
We have left our carnal nature with its rebellious sins in our first life. Being born the second time we have now been born again into the Spirit, who is leading our fleshly nature, which is no longer in charge of controlling our actions.
Romans 8:6 For the mindset of the flesh is death, but the mindset of the Spirit is life and peace,


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By Michael P. Walsh
Special to the Voice
The City of West Haven Prescription Discount Card is available for residents and their pets, Mayor Nancy R. Rossi announced.
Rossi said the free card, which reduces prescription medication costs, is provided by the city through its membership with the Connecticut Conference of Municipalities, the statewide association of towns and cities.
West Haven has participated in the CCM Discount Prescription Drug Card Program, which is free to CCM-member municipalities, since November 2013.
During that time, CCM said, the program has saved city residents more than $180,000 in prescription costs, a 61% savings over what they would have paid for the 3,336 prescriptions filled so far.
The card can be used by residents to obtain discounts and savings on prescriptions not covered by insurance, including pet prescriptions that can be filled at retail pharmacies. There are no costs to the city or its residents, and the program is completely anonymous, according to CCM.
The card is accepted at all national chain pharmacies and most local independent pharmacies and can be used by all residents regardless of age, income or existing health coverage. There are no enrollment forms, membership fees, restrictions or limits on the frequency of use, CCM said.
Cards can be printed by visiting www.CTRxDiscountCard.com and selecting City of West Haven from the drop-down menu. Cards can also be picked up in the mayor's office on the third floor of City Hall, 355 Main St.
The above website also contains a "Learn the Perks of the Card" section where residents can locate a participating pharmacy, comparison shop their medication, and find information on discounts for vision, hearing and LASIK services.


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By: Warrior
Warrior Covert QR Edge Grip Hockey Sticks Junior
Model: QREIHSJR
You save: 300,00DKK
Warrior was able to accomplish this by undergoing a major taper overhaul that leaves the Dagger Taper in the past and moves forward with the new Edge geometry.
The goal of the Warrior QR Edge was to improve accuracy by creating a much more stable taper without sacrificing the signature Covert quick release. The truly unique shaft shape of the Edge taper significantly improves accuracy and precision with its newfound ability to resist twisting or torquing during heavier shots. An unexpected but very welcomed byproduct of the new Edge Taper is the speed of release that is approximately 10-15% quicker, depending on the scenario.
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Stacking Modules
HP 2920 2-Port Stacking Module
Manufacturer P/N: J9733A
The HP 2920 2-Port Stacking module is used with the HP 2920 Switch Series switches to allow stacking in a system of up to 4 switch units.£459.99Add to Cart
Cisco FlexStack Module Network Stacking Module
Manufacturer P/N: C2960S-F-STACK
A single FlexStack connection between two members is a full duplex 10Gbps connecton. Each Cisco Catalyst 2960-S member supports two FlexStack connections. Each FlexStack member can simultaneously s...£360.00Add to Cart


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Characterizing Video Responses in Social NetworksJanuary 27th, 2010
Benevenuto, Fabricio, et al. "Characterizing Video Responses in Social Networks." – 0804.4865.
Benevenuto, et al., characterized over 3.4 million video and 400,000 video responses collected from YouTube over a 7-day period. Among other reasons they found their characterization interesting, they cite a sociological reason, "relating to social networking issues that influence the behavior of users interacting primarily with stream objects, instead of textual content traditionally available on the Web." (pg. 1?)
This article is relevant to my research, since it is a study of online video and video responses. However, Read the rest of this entry »


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Why Successful Reentry is Going To Be Impotant
If retroactivity is going to to be implemented, thousands of people could be released from prison months and even years early. It's going to be imperative that policy like the Second Chance Act be looked at very seriously.
An independent panel is considering reducing the sentences of inmates incarcerated in federal prisons for crack cocaine offenses, which would make thousands of people immediately eligible to be freed.
The U.S. Sentencing Commission, which sets guidelines for federal prison sentences, established more lenient guidelines this spring for future crack cocaine offenders. The panel is scheduled to consider today a proposal to make the new guidelines retroactive.
Should the panel adopt the new policy, the sentences of 19,500 inmates would be reduced by an average of 27 months. About 3,800 inmates now imprisoned for possession and distribution of crack cocaine could be freed within the next year, according to the commission's analysis. The proposal would cover only inmates in federal prisons and not those in state correctional facilities, where the vast majority of people convicted of drug offenses are held.
By far the largest number -- more than 1,400 -- of those who would be eligible for sentence reductions were convicted in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia, which has jurisdiction over Northern Virginia and the Richmond area, according to an analysis done by the commission. Nearly 280 inmates convicted in federal courts in Maryland would be eligible, as well as almost 270 prisoners found guilty in the District of Columbia.
The commission is taking up one of the most racially sensitive issues of the two-decades-old war on drugs. Jurists and civil rights organizations have long complained that the commission's guidelines mandate more stringent federal penalties for crack cocaine offenses, which usually involve African Americans, than for crimes involving powder cocaine, which generally involve white people. The chemical properties of the drugs are the same, though crack is potentially more addictive.
Nearly 86 percent of inmates who would be affected by the change are black; slightly fewer than 6 percent are white. Ninety-four percent are men.
The commission's proposal does not change sentencing recommendations for powder cocaine.
Created in 1984 to bring more consistency to sentencing in federal courts, the commission has reduced sentences and made such decisions retroactive for offenses involving LSD, marijuana cultivation and the painkiller OxyContin. But none involved such a large number of inmates or so controversial a drug, or have had such racial implications.
The Bush administration opposes the new plan, arguing that it would overburden federal courts and release potentially dangerous drug offenders. In a letter to the commission, Assistant Attorney General Alice S. Fisher wrote that the release of a large number of drug offenders "would jeopardize community safety and threatens to unravel the success we have achieved in removing violent crack offenders from high-crime neighborhoods."
But many federal judges, public defenders, parole officers and civil rights advocates favor the move, asserting that the penalties for crack cocaine charges have fallen disproportionately onto black people.
"Making the amendment retroactive will . . . help repair the image of the sentencing guidelines in communities of color," NAACP Chairman Julian Bond wrote to the commission. "It is cruel and arbitrary to fix this injustice for some, but not for others, solely because of the date they were sentenced."
Congress has the power to overturn the proposal, but it is unclear whether it will do so. Lawmakers had 180 days to reverse the commission's May 1 decision to effect more lenient sentences for individuals convicted in some crack-related offenses, and they took no action. Those changes in the guidelines took effect Nov. 1.
The commission, an agency in the judicial branch, consists of seven voting members, nominated by the president and confirmed by the Senate. (The attorney general and the chairman of the U.S. Parole Commission are nonvoting members.) Three commissioners must be federal judges. Four current members were named by President Bush; the rest were tapped by President Bill Clinton in 1999.
In part, because of crack's relatively cheap price, most offenders are poor black people. As a result, some civil libertarians cite sentencing discrepancies as one reason for the explosion in the number of African Americans -- especially men -- behind bars.
The Washington Post


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Howard Givner necesitaba un nuevo diseño de logotipo y lanzó un concurso de diseño en 99designs.
Un ganador ha sido elegido entre 66 diseños de 12 diseñadores freelance.
Event Leadership Institute
The Event Leadership Institute will provide:
- a wide range of online on-demand classes in event management, taught by the top subject matter experts within the field.
- Charlie Rose style one-on-one video interviews with the "rock stars" of our industry, the people who plan the biggest events in the world.
- roundtables & white papers to drive thought leadership & develop best practices.
Overall, the content will be unmatched, and we are creating the new standard for our industry.
- Target market is @ 80% women.
- People who are looking to get into the event industry, either recent college grads, or others looking to make a career change.
- People within the events industry looking to expand their knowledge into new ares within the field.
- Senior industry leaders who we want to serve as instructors.
- Industry includes those who organize corporate events (conferences, meetings, product launches, etc.); non-profit events (fundraisers, galas, etc.), and social events (weddings).
- We're looking for a logo to contain both text and images / graphics.
- Must be sophisticated, polished and convey thought leadership.
- No images of balloons, confetti, martini glasses or any other party imagery.
- Images should convey growth & leadership.
- Want to convey that our business:
- is Progressive
- drives thought leadership
- is the go-to place for event industry education.
Descubre cómo funciona un concurso de diseño u obtén más información sobre nuestros servicios de diseño de logo.


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No panic from A.J. Hinch after Astros get swept by Rangers
The Astros got absolutely nothing out of their final series of the year against the Texas Rangers, and that's what manager A.J. Hinch plans to take from it — nothing, nada, zilch, zip.
The American League West leaders took off Sunday night for an eight-game road trip having lost four in a row for the first time this season, the latest a 4-3 defeat to the Rangers before 40,560 at Minute Maid Park, with their double-play combination on the disabled list, their bats in a deep freeze and their starting pitchers unable of late to get out of the sixth inning.
Managing, however, is knowing what not to say as well as knowing when not to speak up, and Hinch for now will take the latter tack as the Astros prepare for a three-game series against the Mariners, who have crept within four games of the division lead, on the heels of Houston's frustrating 3-5 stretch since the All-Star break.
"I don't want to talk about it. I don't want to do much about it," Hinch said. "We're getting beaten up. We've got some things to address. We're not working as perfectly as we normally do, but I'm going to try to take absolutely nothing away from this series."
The Astros lost despite striking out 19 Rangers hitters, a team record for a nine-inning game, and despite a 3-for-3 game with a walk and a homer by Tyler White, who caught a redeye flight from Fresno, Calif., through Chicago to Houston to fill the roster spot created when second baseman Jose Altuve went on the 10-day disabled list with a sore right knee.
Lance McCullers Jr. (10-6) struck out seven through four innings and took a one-hitter into the fifth but took the loss after the Rangers put up three runs in the sixth. He had 11 strikeouts with no walks and allowed four runs, three earned.
It was this sort of game: A ball got stuck beneath the outfield wall padding in left field for a Rangers ground-rule double. The key moment in Texas' three-run sixth came when a ball targeted for shortstop Alex Bregman instead deflected off McCullers' wrist for a base hit.
With Altuve and shortstop Carlos Correa on the disabled list, the Astros played Yuli Gurriel at second base for the first time this season, and a Gurriel error contributed to the Rangers' three-run sixth.
"This is a small, small little sample in a really long season," Hinch said. "If you're going to look for me to panic, you should look elsewhere."
But McCullers captured the essence of the final three games of the seasson between the Astros and Rangers.
"We got swept," he said. "We got swept by the worst team in the division, record-wise. It's always tough to swallow.
"But baseball is a lot of games, man. We're still in first place with a big, big series coming up in Seattle. We've got to turn the page."
The game turned in the sixth inning as Texas took a 4-1 lead. Second baseman Rougned Odor led off with a double, and shortstop Jurickson Profar's shot up the middle hit McCullers' wrist and bounced off for a base hit, scoring Odor.
Profar took second when the Astros left second base unoccupied but paid for it when Gurriel stumbled backward in an attempt to cover the bag and spiked Profar under the left eye. Profar left the field to receive medical treatment but returned with his face bandaged.
Profar took third on a wild pitch, and the Rangers caught another break when Gurriel whiffed on a ground ball by Isiah Kiner-Falefa, with Profar scoring on the error. Ronald Guzman followed with a shot to the base of the center-field wall, the Rangers' fourth double in seven batters, to score Kiner-Falefa and end McCullers' day.
"I can't throw the ball much better except maybe getting the grounder that came back to me or letting it go so Bregman could catch it, and everything would have played out smoothly from that," McCullers said.
Rangers starter Mike Minor (7-6), pitching for the fifth time against the Astros this season, allowed two runs and four hits through six innings with eight strikeouts. Alex Claudio and Jose Leclerc each pitched scoreless innings.
"That was the best I've seen (Minor) this year," Bregman said. "He was commanding four pitches. Everything he did, he did well."
The Astros got a run back in the sixth on a Bregman sacrifice fly but stranded two, as they did in the seventh after the first two batters reached base against Claudio.
In the ninth, Rangers closer Keone Kela walked two and allowed an RBI single to Tony Kemp but got George Springer to pop out to catcher Robinson Chirinos to end the game.
Now it's off to face Seattle, followed by a return to Dodger Stadium for the first time since the 2017 World Series and two games against the Giants.
"This game ain't easy," Bregman said. "You battle, and you move on to the next pitch.
"One thing this team is good at is moving on after we get beat. We move on and put it behind us and set our sights on the next game."


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HD Visualization & Recording TrueVision Integrated 3D
Leica Microsystems and TrueVision® have collaborated to integrate TrueVision Smart 3D surgical visualization and recording into the Leica M720 OH5 and Leica M525 OH4 surgical microscopes.
TrueVison 3D can greatly enhance microsurgery education, providing all staff and students with the same 3D view as the surgeon.
As the TrueVision Smart 3D is built in, set-up time is minimized and OR space is freed up. 3D functions are controlled directly via the microscope controls, avoiding interruption to workflow. Editing of recordings in 2D and 3D is fast and simple with TrueEdit® editing software.
What is more the TrueVision 3D platform is upgradable to support future surgical guidance applications.
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email@example.com 091-5567-885
Your Advantages
Enhance Your Teaching Program
Thanks to TrueVision® 3D surgical imaging, assistants, nurses and students can now share the same 3D view as the surgeon. Studies show that 3D visualization improves understanding, engagement and knowledge retention*. 2D and 3D HD surgical video can be simultaneously streamed to monitors in the operating room or over distance and recorded for future 3D surgical training. *2010 Texas Instruments educational study
Simplify Your Operating Room
TrueVision® 3D is fully integrated into the surgical microscope, which means no external cart or cables. Valuable OR space is saved and no additional setup time is required. Recording functions are integrated directly into the microscope hand controls, so the surgeon has no interruption to his workflow.
Save Time with Easy Video Editing
With the intuitive TrueEdit® proprietary video editing software, 2D and 3D surgical video can be edited and shared simply and efficiently. The TrueEdit® software also offers the versatility to work with multiple ;media formats.
Own the Platform for Future Applications
Leica Microsystems' modular design and OpenArchitecture™ allow for easy upgrades and integration of digital imaging and data systems. The TrueVision® Smart 3D system is the only software-based 3D platform, and is also upgradable for future surgical guidance applications.
Hiện tại chưa có ý kiến đánh giá nào về sản phẩm. Hãy là người đầu tiên chia sẻ cảm nhận của bạn.
The world's first surgical microscope with built-in 3D HD visualization and recording.
Recording functions are seamlessly integrated into the microscope hand controls, avoiding interruption to surgical workflow and allowing easy operation through the sterile drape.
TrueZoom® 3D HD camera is fully integrated into Leica M720 or Leica M525 optics. Multiple configuration options are possible, offering the flexibility to work in 3D while maintaining both the rear and side optical assistants.


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Sales Tax
Warehouse Discount Center only charges sales tax on orders shipped within California.
Tax is determined by the county to which the item is being shipped.
Competitor Price Matching and Price Guarantee
Warehouse Discount Center will match any local California authorized dealers price!
If you find a lower price (including shipping, handling and delivery) on an identical item with the same features currently available for sale and delivery from an authorized dealer, contact Warehouse Discount Center with the competitor's details in writing and we will match that total price.
When contacting Warehouse Discount Center at1-888-487-2298 or e-mailing firstname.lastname@example.com you will be required to provide all information, including shipping, handling and delivery date. Warehouse Discount Center reserves the right to require that a quote of a lower price from an authorized dealer be sent to us in writing.
Warehouse Discount Center will not match:
♦Any bonus, special, financing or free offers
♦Clearance or closeout prices.
♦Prices on used, damaged, returned, open box or display merchandise
♦Service contracts/extended warranties
♦Installation or assembly services
In addition, Warehouse Discount Center will not match competitor's prices that result from a price match. Warehouse Discount Center Price Match Guarantee does not apply to parts or accessories; Warehouse Discount Centers licensed partner websites or digital services.
Warehouse Discount Center price match guarantee will be in effect until your order is shipped. Once your order has shipped, we will not match a lower price. Warehouse Discount Center reserves the right to revoke this policy at any time.
We accept the following forms of payment:
Warehouse Discount Center preferred GECAF account. Click here to apply.
Credit Card accepted: MasterCard, Visa, American Express, and Discover
Purchase Orders :
For business and government organizations we accept purchase orders pending credit approval.
Privacy Policy
We appreciate your business and we will never sell, share, or distribute any of our your information to any third parties. Your information will only be used to process and ship your order and to occasionally inform you of special offers and rebates. If you would prefer not hear from us regarding our exclusive savings program simply e-mail us at email@example.com.
Click here to view our privacy policy.
Product Warranty Information
Warehouse Discount Center is a manufacturer authorized dealer. All of our products are covered by the manufacturer's warranty.
Many manufacturers cover up to one year parts and labor and a great deal more offer an extended warranty.
We also offer extended warranty plans on most of the appliances that we sell. The warranty details of the specific model that you purchased are contained in that item's product description. If you have any questions regarding warranties or you are buying multiple products and would like multiple warranties, please contact a representative at1-888-487-2298 or email us at email@example.com
We consistently offer an extensive variety of manufacturer and Warehouse Discount Center product rebates. To see a list of the current rebates and promotions please click here. You can download the current rebate forms from the rebates page and print them. You can submit the form for processing after your products have been delivered.
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Privacy Policy
How We Protect Your Information
Single Path has created this Privacy Policy to demonstrate our firm commitment to our users' privacy. Single Path respects the privacy of visitors to our site and the security of the data provided by our visitors. This Privacy Policy explains what type of information we collect from our visitors, what we do with that information, and how visitors can update and control the use of information provided to Single Path. Please note that we reserve the right to change the terms of this Privacy Policy at any time; accordingly, you should revisit this page from time to time to remain fully informed of our commitment to privacy. Your continued use of our services after the posting of any changes to this Privacy Policy constitutes your agreement to those changes.
How We Collect Your Information
Single Path requests that users provide information in connection with the requesting of information about our company and/or our products/services, or participating in surveys or contests via our site. We collect, retain, and use customer information for legitimate business purposes only, and we limit the information we collect to that which we believe is appropriate and necessary to provide our services and comply with applicable laws.
The SinglePath.com Website does not collect user Internet Protocol (IP) addresses. However, Single Path does use cookies to identify its return users but cannot identify any characteristics of these users. Cookies are small data files made up of a string of text and numbers that are stored on your hard drive. A cookie assigns you a unique identifier so that we can recognize you each time you return to our site. This information is strictly used for internal purposes and is gathered to help us understand usage patterns and to improve the user experience. This information allows us to provide a more tailored and user-friendly service to you. Your browser may be enabled to alert you to the use of cookies or to refuse to accept cookies altogether.
How We Use Your Information
Once a user has provided information to Single Path, we become the owner of that information. This information is disclosed to third parties only in aggregate form, unless a user has given permission to Single Path to disclose personally identifiable information. In addition, this information is used by Single Path to provide a quality service, to respond to and process promotional entries and requests, to assist in providing technical support, to notify you of changes and upgrades to our services, and to deliver targeted advertisements on behalf of our advertisers. We strive to maintain the accuracy of customer information, and will use our commercially reasonable efforts to respond promptly to update our database when you tell us the information in our database is not accurate.
Single Path shares personally identifiable information with third parties only (i) as is necessary for those third parties to provide information or perform services specifically requested by you and/or (ii) for direct marketing purposes, but only if you have authorized Single Path to do so. Additionally, if you entered one of our services through a website maintained by one of our affiliates or business partners, then your personally identifiable information may be shared with that affiliate or business partner, provided that use of the information does not violate this Privacy Policy. (Be aware that if you provide information to these affiliates, Single Path is not responsible for, nor does it control, the use of that information.) Finally, we use demographic and usage information collected from visitors to improve the usefulness of our services and to prepare aggregate, nonidentifying information used by Single Path and our partners for marketing, advertising, or similar activities.
Links to Third-Party Websites
Our site may offer links to other websites, which may be governed by information policies and practices which differ from ours. We do not control, and we are not responsible for, the privacy policies or practices of third parties or the content of any third party sites.
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In order to register for marketing events or product information, a user must first complete a registration form. During registration, a user is required to give their contact information (such as their name, password, and business and/or home e-mail address) as well as certain demographic information such as the user's zip code. A variety of other optional contact and demographic information may also be requested.
Notwithstanding this Privacy Policy, we reserve the right to disclose information about you if we have a good faith belief that we are required to do so by law or legal process, to respond to claims, or to protect the rights, property, or safety of Single Path or others.
By using this Website, you consent to our collection and use of personal information you may provide us. We reserve the right, at any time, to modify, alter or update this Privacy Policy. Any such modifications, alterations, or updates will be effective upon posting, and your continued use of this site will constitute your consent to any revised Privacy Policy.
Contact Us
If you have any questions about this Privacy Policy, please contact us.
This Privacy Policy is effective as of June 9, 2006.


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Election Section
David Letterman gets his wish
NEW YORK — So far this season, David Letterman has gotten the prime-time help he asked for from CBS.
Three of the top 15 shows in the Nielsen Media Research rankings last week were weeknight offerings aired at 10 p.m. on CBS — the very time slot Letterman wanted improved when he was negotiating a new contract last spring.
There has been little immediate impact on the ratings battle between Letterman's "Late Show" and NBC's "Tonight" show with Jay Leno, however.
Letterman wanted CBS to work on blunting NBC's advantage in the 10 p.m. time slots. The theory is: If more viewers are watching CBS at that hour, they'd be inclined to stay with CBS through the local news and then Letterman at 11:35 p.m.
CBS' lone returning strong show in that hour is "Judging Amy," which had 14.4 million viewers last week.
CBS has established the Monday spinoff, "CSI: Miami," as a top 10 show, as many analysts anticipated. More unexpected is the strong showing of Thursday's "Without a Trace," which drew just under 16 million viewers last week despite competing against "ER" (which had 24.7 million viewers).
The new CBS shows on Wednesday and Friday, "Presidio Med" and "Robbery Homicide Division," haven't caught on, however.
With only two weeks of late-night ratings available, both Leno and Letterman are down 12 percent in viewers from last year. Both shows had a ratings boost last fall as more viewers stayed up late after the Sept. 11 terrorist attacks.
Rob Burnett, "Late Show" executive producer, said Letterman's show has seen some strong ratings in big cities on Mondays and Thursdays.
"We still have a ways to go," Burnett said. "We're not going to all of a sudden be the No. 1 show, but it's encouraging."
But NBC Entertainment President Jeff Zucker said that because there's been no change at all in the margin between the two late-night hosts, Letterman's theory doesn't hold water.
"The fact of the matter is America decided between these two guys long ago," Zucker said.
In prime time, CBS won the week. "CSI: Crime Scene Investigation," with 30.7 million viewers, eclipsed NBC's "Friends" as the week's most popular show.
CBS averaged 13.2 million viewers for the week (8.9 rating, 15 share), NBC had 12.4 million (8.3, 14), Fox, helped by the baseball playoffs, took third place with 10.1 million viewers (6.7, 11) and ABC had 10 million (6.4, 10).
A ratings point represents 1,067,000 households, or 1 percent of the nation's estimated 106.7 million TV homes. The share is the percentage of in-use televisions tuned to a given show.
For the week of Oct. 7-13, the top 10 shows, their networks and ratings: "CSI: Crime Scene Investigation," CBS, 19.4; "Friends," NBC, 16.6; "ER," NBC, 16.1; "Law & Order," NBC, 13.8; "Everybody Loves Raymond," CBS, 13.3; "Will & Grace," NBC, 13.3; "Survivor: Thailand," CBS, 12.3; "CSI: Miami," CBS, 12.1; "Scrubs," NBC, 11.6; "The West Wing," NBC, 10.9.


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More Kansans should vow to help reverse trend.
The arrival of a new year brings a time of resolutions for many.
And each year, one of the more common pledges comes in people planning to drop excess pounds.
It's enough to generate an annual surge in activity at fitness centers and gyms, along with steering more people away from fatty, sugary foods.
If only more folks who decided to embark on such a sensible and potentially rewarding venture could stick to the plan.
Sadly, people who choose to ignore their weight gain may be headed toward obesity and related health problems such as diabetes, stroke, osteoarthritis, cancer and hypertension. A combination of poor nutrition and physical inactivity now is considered the No. 2 preventable cause of death nationwide, only behind tobacco use.
A Kansas Summit on Obesity, organized last year by Gov. Sam Brownback and the Governor's Council on Fitness, put a needed spotlight on the disturbing trend in the Sunflower State: Obesity among Kansas adults increased from 15 percent in 1995 to 30.1 percent in 2010.
In other words, the rate in Kansas doubled in the last 15 years. That's a frightening statistic.
Among summit goals were building on current programs in place to curb obesity, and boosting collaboration between community and health-care providers. The governor also has pitched weight-loss competitions as a healthy way to drop pounds.
While such strategies make sense, it's also time for more individuals to take responsibility for their own health. Support is available for those determined to do so.
The healthy benefits of a good diet and exercise apply to anyone who's overweight, regardless of age. When adults set off to find the proper balance of diet and exercise, it also sets a fine example at a time obesity presents a growing threat to children and teens.
With obesity eating up state and national wealth � and cutting short many lives � there's plenty to gain from resisting the urge to abandon a personal wellness plan.
Kudos to those working so hard in the battle against the bulge, as well as those who continue to push efforts to keep them on track.


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Fight on the blogs! Fight on the blogs!
There's the story, and there's always the side-story. The snarky, juicy, lip-smacking stuff.
Case in point is last night's news that Jerry Yang is stepping down as chief executive of Yahoo — which itself is an interesting tale. But we'd like to draw your attention to RealDanLyons.com, where you'll find a wonderfully catty distraction.
In his blog, Dan Lyons rips into Kara Swisher, the AllThingsD honcho and prominent tech writer, who apparently took issue with him for not crediting her with getting the scoop on Yang's departure.
"Kara, honey, I love you dearly, but girl-child, having a company send you a press release ten minutes before they put it on the wire isn't a scoop. That's called taking dictation," he writes. "One thing you have to admire about Kara is that in a blogosphere that all too often resembles an echo chamber, she's managed to cut out the middleman; she just echoes herself. And while others engage in logrolling, Kara keeps it real and rolls her own log. Kara, listen. You're not the story. Bokay? You're the reporter. This isn't about you. It really isn't. Now stop it or I will fly out there and sit you down for a talk. You're getting Mossberg Syndrome, honey, and that's not a good thing."
Is Swisher going to take that? No way, no chance.
"How would a snarktastic wonder like you know what a reporter was?" she responds in the comment section. "I was teasing you, you twit, as you well know (I would dearly love to mangle emails you sent to me recently about your work, but I am too much of a gentleman!). When you come here, we'll have a "talk" all right–my people like to call it a "sit-down" though. Love and kisses, Kara."
What a way to start the morning.
Keep an eye on:
- AT&T Inc, the No. 1 U.S. mobile service, said it would sell LG Electronics Inc's first smartphone aimed at the U.S. market in time for the holiday shopping season (Reuters)
- Forbes and TV Guide separately unveiled sweeping cutbacks yesterday, while The New York Times Co. shut down its critically acclaimed sports magazine Play (NY Post)
- PepsiCo has moved the high-profile advertising duties for Pepsi and Diet Pepsi to TBWA\Chiat\Day, an agency owned by Omnicom Group, as it looks to reinvigorate sales of its best-known soft drinks (Reuters)
(Photo: Reuters)
We welcome comments that advance the story through relevant opinion, anecdotes, links and data. If you see a comment that you believe is irrelevant or inappropriate, you can flag it to our editors by using the report abuse links. Views expressed in the comments do not represent those of Reuters. For more information on our comment policy, see http://blogs.reuters.com/fulldisclosure/2010/09/27/toward-a-more-thoughtful-conversation-on-stories/
I credited Mike Arrington with the story because Mike has a following on twitter that is big and based upon a tweet I saw it from Mike first. Kara actually was first. In the error of "first comment' and 'alpha blogging' being first matters.
Therefore as the arbiter of 'all things tech blogosphere' I award Kara the 'first' award.
http://furrier.org/2008/11/18/yang-is-fo rced-out-at-yahoo-no-question-about-it/
"Live Long and Link Often"
Well,don't fight!
SHE is the reporter,and reporter comes out of the latin Re Portum;namely BEARER,of the NEWS(0r scoop).
Re Portum is a shortening of Rethimnae excelcior;Portum;and the last two letters -UM stands for Urbi(URBAN)Maxim(MAXIM)..in full,the reporter is just the bearer and not the initiator of the reported.
Of that follows the full meaning in Re;PORTUM=Rethimnae Excelcior;Prophessus Omnibus Rethimnae Thesis Urbi maxim;meaning -"As of the thesis as invented in the City state of Rethimnon(Crete) according to the Urban Maxim."-
and it was up to the Urban Maxim to CREDIT the said Tale;not up to the BEARER of the same Tale;but the BEARER was ALWAYS by habit CREDITED with having brought forward the Tale itself, as a matter of FACT!
It IS a technical question, who was actually first to do the NOTICE;but a shrewed habit by females is to intrigue themeselves into the knowing!..thereby such faiblesse for intelligence organizations for USING women dearly in the trade of the Reporting business…


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When the Rockets fired JVG and the staff in 2007, Ward, a former Heisman Trophy winner who played for 11 seasons in the NBA, opted to stay in Houston, accepting a high school job where he could coach both football and basketball.
Considering that he hadn't played football since he led FSU to a 1993 Orange Bowl victory, Ward turned to Bobby Bowden, his former college coach, for advice.
Says Ward:
"It's not something I always wanted to do, but it's something God gave me the opportunity to do on the professional level, coaching basketball. And this is where God led me. Coaching here affords me the opportunity to read the Bible with the kids if I like, pray if I like. I only live in the now, what I can see now, so right now I see myself coaching high school for the time being. I don't know where God is going to have me going next. That could be 20 years from now."
[If you're interested, here's a good story about Ward.]


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There is a strong theoretical basis for the theory of original sin, if we are willing to see original sin not as a physical act, rather, a symbolic act. Original sin is thus: Once a sin has been committed, other sins will surely follow, the damn has been breached and Pandora's Box is now wide open. It is human to err and it is human to sin and we inherit our humanity from our ancestors and the more we give into temptation, the harder it is to resist. Once the initial often gruesome threshold of emotional agony and shame has been passed, it becomes less morally torturous to continue. Sin is to aim for a target and miss it. Shooting an arrow at a target and missing is a sin, there is not damnation, only trying again. When we smoke our first cigarette, it becomes easier to get hooked on smoking and many other cigarettes will follow. Once we taste our first beer, it becomes easier to fill our fridge with beer "just in case we get company." Once we win, even if a little, it is easier to spend all night at the slot machine. Why do we obsess with the first cigarette? Because at one point or another in the future, when we have tamed monkey, we will not be so much concerned with that second cigarette or the third or the fourth cigarette, it is the first cigarette that opens Pandora's box and that is where the line of defense will be established and defended. When we have attained true freedom of choice, the real choice will be regarding the first cigarette. The second cigarette and the third and the rest of the 20-pack, when we think about it, are part of the choice to smoke the first cigarette. The first cigarette is the original sin. We can convince ourselves that only one cigarette will do and we will write a book of excuses and assurances that it will only be one cigarette. There is no "just one cigarette", this is monkey reasoning. The monkey wants to go back to the habit and the first cigarette is its goal and when it achieves that, it switches targets to the next cigarette. The monkey is tricky when it comes to obtaining what it wants, we cannot demand logic and reason from the monkey. We can only offer it loving compassion and patience.
The longer we extend our time limit for the first cigarette of the day, the later the first smoking occasion will obviously be. Essentially the second cigarette of the day becomes the first cigarette when we abstain from the first cigarette. Later on, the third cigarette of the day will be promoted to the honorable first cigarette position and then the forth and so on. Every cigarette, with time, will be the first cigarette of the day and over time we will have defeated each and every smoking occasion by moving it to the first spot and giving it attention. We are cultivating the habit of non-smoking over an extended period of time. With the passage of enough time, any cigarette is the first cigarette, and it is the first cigarette that we want to focus our effort and attention on. As we are pushing the time limit to become longer, we are practicing abstaining from every smoking occasion we can conceivably encounter throughout any given day. We are not quitting smoking, we are practicing non-smoking. Over time and with enough practice, there is no effort to non-smoking, it becomes part of the subconscious programming. We are reversing the development of the smoking habit.
According to the 21 days program of the NLP community, the 21 days of cold turkey, we "simply" don't smoke for 21 days and the habit of smoking is replaced by non-smoking. This would work in a perfect world if it weren't for the intense pain and cravings combined with prolonged abstinence from the only relief we know. When we cut off the drug supply after a prolonged period of drug use, all we are practicing is denying ourselves the relief that the drug has become. We live a life of denial, we deny ourselves the relief of smoking and we deny that abstinence is taxing on the body and mind and we deny having problems at work and we deny that some of our relationships need work. We live in denial and are just trying to cope with the immense pressure that we used smoking to suppress which now just keeps piling up inside our bodies. After the initial trauma has settled, we abstain from smoking because we remember how awful it was to quit, until enough time has passed and we forget the pain and the monkey rationalizations begin, just one cigarette.


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You can never have too many striped shirts hanging in your closet (in my opinion). Stripes are a classic statement that can be worn in so many different ways. This easy breezy top is perfect for spring - pair it with white jeans, shorts, or even unbuttoned over your swimsuit poolside.
Top / Sunglasses (similar)
Jeans / Bronzer / Sandals (Swedish Hasbeens)
Images by Will Taylor @thewilltaylor and williamaveryphotography.com.


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Energy bill wont include ANWR or gasline provisions this session
Most Republican leaders have concluded it will be best to delay action on ANWR and the gasline until Republicans control the Senate in the new session of Congress next year, a spokesman for Sen. Frank Murkowski told PNA today.
At this moment there is no sign that the energy bill will move, he said.
No meetings of the House-Senate conference committee on the energy bill were scheduled as of today.
Lawmakers might cannibalize the bill for certain items, such as gas pipeline safety rules and the Price-Anderson Act, which extends liability limits of nuclear plant operators, the spokesman said, putting off more contentious elements until next year.
Republicans won a Senate majority in this months elections, but they are not yet in control because Dean Barkley, interim senator from Minnesota, is unaligned with either party. Republican Norm Coleman will succeed him in January.
Senator Paul Wellstone, whose term I have been appointed to fulfill, was one of the most independent thinkers in the long history of the Congress. Rather than adding to the partisanship that so often characterizes Congress, I would like to focus on bridging differences and helping to move important legislation forward, Barkley said in a statement.
When the Senate reconvenes next year, Republicans will hold at least 51 seats. Two races are unresolved. South Dakota incumbent Democrat Tim Johnson has a slim margin of about 500 votes over Republican John Thune, which could lead to a recount. In Louisiana, incumbent Democrat Mary Landrieu faces a runoff against Republican Suzanne Haik Terrell.