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Sophie Feyder, Christoph Rippe and Tamsyn Adams (Leiden Univ.)
South African Visual Economies
The spread of photography in South Africa – as in many other colonial societies – reflects to a certain extent the parallel histories of colonialism and anthropology. Introduced to South Africa's major cities in the 1840s, the camera progressively reached out into the countryside in the hands of white explorers, administrators, traders, anthropologists, missionaries and settlers (Bensusan 1966). Given this control over the camera, white subjects initially occupied a different range of photographic genres than did Black subjects – personal portraits, family photographs, etc. Black Africans were more often treated as anthropological "types" within scientific genres and racial taxonomies, emphasising their tribal classifications and reinforcing colonial stereotyping in the pursuit of the production of anthropological knowledge (Edwards 1992, Faris 1996, Ryan 1997). Where they appear in other contexts, such as family snapshots, it is usually in a more marginal role – as servants, nurses and grooms in South Africa's racialised hierarchical society (c.f. Schoeman 1996).
Based on this history, it is not surprising, as Edwards and Morton have pointed out (2009) that for a long time the study of colonial photography, and particularly photography from Africa, was dominated by the analytical idea that control over the shutter ensured control over the image, and especially over the ways in which Africans and African society were represented. However, as valid as this approach has been, it can only provide a narrow vision of the diverse photographic practices that have multiplied in South Africa since the early 20th century. Limiting the reading of a photograph to power relationships and discourses leaves little room for the different personal memories and subjectivities with which an image can be simultaneously loaded. Perhaps more worryingly, it also risks perpetuating a view of black subjects as lacking agency – forever locked in the viewfinder of power.
A Foucauldian reading of the I.D. picture, for example, would underline the complicity of photography in systems of domination and control (Tagg 1988). Undeniably, the I.D. photograph required for the obligatory passbook under Apartheid reinforced the power of the State to limit and control black people's displacements. Yet it was also very popular in black communities to transform I.D. pictures into airbrushed idealised wedding portraits or individual portraits bearing fictional uniforms. This tradition began in the 1930s, when various forms of popular photography were starting to develop in the streets of the city and the township. By the 1950s Black South Africans had actively taken the question of self-representation into their own hands (Appadurai 1997, Feyder 2009, Ranger 2001, Werner 2001).
As a research group, we hence intend to complicate the field of power between the camera and subject, by building on the argument that the vision of the camera as a tool of colonial and apartheid domination is only partial. Recent studies have sought to nuance the relationship between ideology and representation, showing for instance how contemporary vernacular practices of photography can recode colonial heritage within a new framework, adding new layers of meaning to the image (Pinney 1997, Hartman et al 1998, Strassler 2010). It then becomes possible to comprehend how for example photographs produced as "ethnographic" images by missionaries could appear on the living room walls of black South African homes, or how photographs of black domestic workers, appearing initially in a white family album, subsequently appear in black albums. Here, the stereotype is personalised and reclaimed as an ancestor, entering the domain of family photography and accordingly embedded in private narratives and histories.
The questions of multiple trajectories and contemporary readings of photographic archives are central to all three projects, though focusing on very diverse archival situations. The three different archives cover a wide geographical and temporal scope, ranging from early settler and missionary photography (1880s onwards) in rural KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) to urban township photography of the 1950s in Johannesburg. In these collections, an understanding of South African photographic practices starts to emerge that complicates the view of white control over photographic production and use, and black photographic disempowerment.
Photographic Archives: Alternative Sources for History
The social sciences have only relatively recently started to use historical archival photographs as primary historical sources, as opposed to mere complementary illustrations. Starting in the 1980s, social historians and anthropologists began to recognise the value of photographs as sources for the writing of histories (e.g. Coronil 2004, Edwards 2006, Fontcuberta 2002, Geary 1986). Initially, works focused primarily on the colonial localities more generally, but are increasingly integrating indigenous narratives (e.g. Pinney and Peterson 2003). It is now generally assumed that such photographic archives can provide alternative sources of history – as compared to textual archives and oral history – that offer new perspectives on various aspects of colonial and apartheid society, up to the present day. In particular, we would like to further explore how historical interactions between different ethnic and racial groups – black and white people but also among 'Non-European' minorities themselves – have been constructed around the camera and visually manifested in images.
Missionaries, for instance, were often the first to study and describe local populations scientifically – preceding governments, anthropologists and Black people themselves. Missionaries recorded photographically their influence on landscapes, architecture, but foremost on Black Africans themselves, and projecting them as potential or successful converts. Unlike evangelising protestant couples, catholic celibate missionaries did not serve as direct role models for local families. They rather presented examples of piety and proper attitudes towards work and discipline. Hence many photographs portray their direct presence in and influence on 'native' life: baptisms, visits to local homesteads, social and ceremonial life around the missions often represent the decade long interaction of missionaries and their subjects. This distinguishes their photographic production as historical sources from the one of contemporary anthropologists, who often only stayed a relatively short period at a time.
Fr. Ivo visiting Kraal near Clairvaux, KwaZulu-Natal, c1910 [Rautenstrauch-Joest Museum, Cologne, 2241].
The photographic collection belonging to a white English-speaking family from Estcourt, a small town in KwaZulu-Natal, also provides insight into a particular way of life – in this case, the everyday lives of the family members represented, and their interactions with other ethnic groups, primarily black Zulu-speaking workers on the farm and in the house. Part of what makes this collection interesting is the combination of its 'ordinariness' together with the volume of photographic data that constitutes it, accumulated over several generations. This provides a concrete basis for examining the ways in which these particular identities were performatively constituted, affected by different senses of belonging, and mediated by various power structures at different historical periods. For example, photographs taken at the time of the Union suggest an ongoing affiliation to Europe, as well as a lingering colonial identity, that is not evident in photographs taken during apartheid. The relationship between black and white subjects also shifts, with black subjects generally playing a marginal, background role in the early photographs, and moving into the foreground in later photographs, though still occupying socially circumscribed roles.
Given that all of these images were taken and (initially) viewed by a white family, the photographs suggest some of the ways in which the black 'other' was visually constructed in this environment. However the images also show examples of black practices being appropriated by the white family, and white attendance at black ritual ceremonies. In addition to highlighting the construction of difference, the collection therefore also suggests ways in which interactions between social groups introduced ambiguities, influences and affiliations that draw into question the idea of fixed identity, and expose the ways in which these identities were constantly shifting and changing.
Fyvie Farm, KwaZulu-Natal, c1907.
Refiguring the Archives
Using private family photographs as visual documents of the past is an example of the development, not just of methodologies vis-à-vis visual material, but also of the very notion of the archive. The "archival turn" within anthropology incited researchers to reflect critically on the process of archival formation and its entanglements with discourses of power and surveillance (Edwards and Morton 2009). In post-apartheid South Africa, historians and museum workers called for a 'refiguring of the archive' (Hamilton et al 2002): the inclusion of oral data, literature and art works, in order to fill in the gaps in the records left by the bureaucracy of apartheid. Initially engrossed in narratives around the resistance struggle, historians and curators are increasingly open to lesser known, and less overtly political archives, as historical collections (re)surface, become available in the general public, and are assimilated in the public historical canon.
From this perspective, the unpublished collection of negatives made by the late autodidact photographer and factory worker Ronald Ngilima (1910-1960) corresponds to this call. His collection, consisting of about 5500 commissioned portraits, gives us an intimate insight into daily life in a Black township (Wattville, East Rand, Johannesburg) in the 1950s. Photographed in their own homes, in the streets of the township, or at Ngilima's homemade studio, he depicts people that are striving to appear dignified, despite the often-difficult circumstances of living. The home interiors and the strong presence of consumer objects in the pictures stand as visual manifestations of their social aspirations. The subjectivity resulting from this process of self-documentation makes this collection unique: these pictures show urban Black subjects the way they themselves wanted to be remembered.
Photo by Ronald Ngilima, Watville (East Rand), 1950s.
Yet the process of transforming a private collection of photographs into a public archive is not unproblematic. What does it imply to conceptualize an eclectic collection of photos as a single body of work, as a unified archive? By "framing" the collections (Spyer 2001) in a particular way, individual images are placed in the service of new and broader meanings.
The Estcourt family collection and the Ngilima collection were both conceived of and produced for the personal consumption of the subjects portrayed. What new meanings do the photographs accrue as they enter the public realm – for example, in publications, or as part of an exhibition? Given that photographs are repositories for personal memories, and that many of those being analysed still occupy their original private and personal spheres, how do these new layers of meaning affect the ways in which the families continue to relate to their photographs, and the memories and histories tied up in them? This is especially pertinent in the Estcourt collection, where the presence of Black figures in the archive might be used to explore political questions that aren't necessarily issues with which the family members would be comfortable.
Similarly, the Ngilima subjects might not always agree with the ways in which their personal portraits are used to explortitled e more general processes of consumption. With this in mind, it is important to continue to acknowledge the original, local, contexts of production, and to guard against reducing the photographs to simple illustrations of certain social conditions.
It becomes clear that the production of an image's meaning is entangled with its ability to circulate in broader spheres of visual economies. The missionary photographs are especially interesting in this regard, since this was their intention from the outset; the exact opposite movement, from public to private potentially applies. Photographs were often deliberately produced with an undetermined compositional character. Missionary's portraits of their protégés neither clearly belonged to anthropometric photography, nor to other photographic genres. Therefore they could be easily used as "multi-purpose-photographs" in a broad variety of dissemination: in the mission's own pious publications, sold to ethnographic museums around the world, or used as tourist postcards. These multiple parallel socio-cultural biographies make the photographs important sources to reflect on various aspects of colonial and apartheid society, up to the present day. The comparatively liberal depiction of subjects by missionaries also makes it easier for Black South Africans today to "look past" (Aird 2003:25) the colonial context of production.
Visual Heritage – Photographs between Communities
The call to democratize archives evolved with the post-colonial period in which museums were grappling with questions of colonial heritage and repatriation. In South Africa for instance, the post-apartheid era has seen a serious restructuring of the museum's exhibition methods and of their target audiences (Coombes 2004). Emerging literature has put forth the needs and moral responsibilities that impel museums to re-engage with archival objects in an ethical way (e.g. Peers and Brown 2003). Yet the general enthusiasm for 're-engagement' tends to insufficiently problematise the potential tensions and conflicts that could emerge out of this process. The return of objects, including photographs, to their particular "source communities" might not always be possible, or desired by all involved parties. Furthermore, the romanticized notion of 'the community' hides internal divisions and the potential difficulties in identifying those to whom this heritage supposedly belongs.
In the case of missionary collections, the related "source communities" might include various Black South African communities as well as the present white and black missionaries. Other than three-dimensional artefacts, made only by indigenous communities, photographs were actively co-produced by both Africans and missionaries. These historical as well as current configurations multiply layers of meanings and values that photographs can produce in these social relations, generating various and competing interpretations of history.
In a similar complicated situation, the Ngilima collection was produced at a time where entire communities were being displaced and redefined in terms of racial categories. This historical legacy will most likely make it harder to retrace the depicted subjects or their descendents. The numerous photographs of Indians, Coloureds and Blacks bear witness to an era of multicultural cohabitation, which briefly survived the waves of forced removals of the 1950s. However, Wattville today is characterised by dispersed families and tensions between the different local groups. How can this historical collection of photographs help materialize local history given this present state of memory erosion?
Depending on their social context, photographic collections can have ambivalent social impacts when they are taken out of the archive and reintroduced into social circulation (Edwards 2003): they can provide a centralising force to root presently dispersed and divided communities in some cases, but in other cases may work as wedges in between post-apartheid communities and their perception of a shared, though sometimes fraught past.
Whose Heritage?
As material traces of the past, photographs are potential vehicles for multiple memories and histories. How do people in South Africa today relate to historical photographs? How do photographs shape people's understanding of their history? A theoretical examination of the connection between the notions of photography, history, memory and archive necessitates an empirical engagement with the involved communities and a detailed analysis of this potentially messy process of cooperation.
The application of the notion of "community" and "heritage" inevitably leads to the tricky question of ownership, shifting between interests of individuals, groups, or even nations. The question of who can lay claim to an image becomes even more complicated with the advent of digitisation and the Internet, where the original image can be endlessly multiplied, downloaded, modified and printed. While it opens possibilities for access, it can also complicate institutional and personal relations with questions of copyright. Finally, we have to ask who legitimises the actions of often unrelated researchers to excavate photographs and inject them into often tense local relations.
In our own projects, we have to be aware of these processes, and anticipate the possible effects of our work as far as possible. Popular academic notions, such as repatriation, re-engagement, or photo-elicitation are extremely valuable trajectories, yet need to be problematised according to each case. To engage with these highly complex and multifaceted issues, we will seek the participation of the different involved parties, namely local source communities, academics, museum curators, missionaries and photographers. In so doing, we hope to evaluate in how far photography can – or cannot – constitute and serve as "intermediate visual heritage" between communities.
The authors:
PhD-researchers Sophie Feyder, Christoph Rippe and Tamsyn Adams work on three distinct South African photographic collections, which originate, respectively, from a black township in Johannesburg, a missionary station in KwaZulu-Natal, and a farm, also in KZN. This interdisciplinary project, "Photographic Traditions in South African Popular Modernities", will be running until 2014 at Leiden University, the Netherlands, as a collaboration between the Institute of Cultural Anthropology and Development Sociology, and the Institute of African History, Language and Culture.
Aird, Michael 2003. "Growing up with Aborigines". In: Photography's Other Histories. Pinney, Christopher & Nicolas Peterson (eds). Durham: Duke Univ. Press. pp.23-39.
Appadurai, Arjun 1997. "The Colonial Backdrop", Afterimage,24 (5), 4-7.
Bensusan, A.D. 1966. Silver Images – History of Photography in Africa. Cape Town: Howard Timmins.
Coombes 2003. History after Apartheid: Visual Culture and Public Memory in a Democratic South Africa. Durham: Duke Univ. Press.
Coronil, Fernando 2004. "Seing History". In: Hispanic American Historical Review, 84, 1-4.
Edwards, Elizabeth (ed.) 1992. Anthropology and Photography 1860-1920. New Haven: Yale Univ. Press.
_______________2001. Raw Histories. Oxford: Berg.
_______________2003. Talking Visual Histories – Introduction. In: Museum and Source Communities: A Routledge Reader. Peers, Laura & Allison K. Brown (eds). London: Routledge. pp.83-99.
________________2006. "Photography and the performance of Histories", in Peter Hamilton (ed.), Visual Research Methods. 3, 239-258.
Geary, Christaud M. 1986. "Photographs as materials for African history: some methodological considerations". History in Africa, 13, 89-116.
Faris, James C.1996. Navajo and Photography. A Critical History of the Representation of an American People. Albuquerque: Univ. of New Mexico Press.
Feyder, Sophie 2009. "Think positive, make negatives": Black popular photography and urban identities in Johannesburg townships, 1920-1960. Phil in African Studies. African Studies Centre, Leiden Univ.
Fontcuberta, Joan. 2002. Photography: a crisis in history. Barcelona: Actar.
Hartman, Wolfram, Jeremy Slivester and Patricia Hayes (eds.) 1998. The Colonizing Camera – Photographs in the Making of Namibian History. Cape Town: University of Cape Town Press.
Hamilton, Carolyn (et al.) 2002. Refiguring the Archive. Doordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
Morton, Christopher and Elizabeth Edwards (eds.) 2009. Photography, Anthropology and History: Expanding the Frame. Farnham: Ashgate.
Peers, Laura and Alison Brown (eds.) 2003. Museums and Source Communities: A Routledge Reader. London: Routledge.
Pinney, Christopher 1997. Camera Indica: The Social Life of Indian Photographs. London: Reaktion.
________________2003. "Introduction: How the Other Half…". In: in Photography's Other Histories. Christopher Pinney & Nicolas Peterson (eds). Durham: Duke Univ. Press. pp.1-14.
Pinney, Christopher and Nicolas Peterson (eds.) 2003. Photography's Other Histories. Durham: Duke Univ. Press.
Ranger, Terence 2001. "Review Article: Colonialism, Consciousness and the Camera". Past & Present. 171, 203-215.
Ryan, James R. 1997. Picturing Empire. Photography and the Visualization of the British Empire. London: Reaktion Books.
Schoeman, Karel 1996. The Face of The Country – A South African Family Album, 1860-1910. Cape Town: Human & Rousseau.
Spyer, Patricia 2001. "Photography's Framings and Unframings: A Review Article." In: Comparative Studies in Society and History. 43 (1), 181-192.
Strassler, Karen 2010. Refracted Visions: Popular Photography and National Modernity in Java. Durham: Duke Univ. Press.
Tagg, John 1993 [1988]. The Burden of Representation – Essays on Photographies and Histories. Minneapolis: Univ. of Minnesota Press.
Werner, Jean-Francois 2001. "Photographies and Modernities in Africa", Visual Anthropology Review. 14 (3), 241-242.
Sophie Feyder, Christoph Rippe and Tamsyn Adams (Leiden Univ.)


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Australian retail giant helloworld is rumoured to be taking another great step for mankind by re-locating its entire head office from North Sydney – into space.
Speculations of a possible intergalactic move were spilled at a recent secret board meeting that included a screening of '2001: A Space Odyssey', a selection of 'space food' on the menu for lunch and even one senior staff member excitedly turning up in a space suit.
Aside from being a cost saving initiative far away from the hype of Sydney, the mission is tipped to bring a bigger perspective to the business with the opportunity for all staff to literally say 'Hello World' from their desks on a rotating basis.
Sir Richard Branson's Virgin Galactic craft have been suggested as the obvious means of transport to and from the travel space station – though whether Opal travel cards will be valid on the route at this stage remains a mystery with Transport NSW declining to comment.
One staff member (who refused to be named) said that the astronomical move "Really is the final frontier for retail travel in Australia" And that the views from their desks will be "Totally out of this world".
He also quipped that exploring other universes for new business were not out of the question saying that "It's well known that parallel universes do exist. From our new base there will be massive potential to explore new markets as well as source undiscovered destinations and new products. We're excited".
Whilst the move is not anticipated in the immediate future, initial plans have allegedly begun to already be drawn up with the helloworld 'Space Station' concept rumored to include a 99 capsule hotel for longer stays, a zero gravity training centre and an 'Experts Oxygen bar'.
Is this a crazy idea? Or could it actually work? Share your thoughts below.
IMPORTANT NOTE: This is a KarryOn Comedy article and is obviously satire. It should not be taken seriously and is just for fun.

subset: commoncrawl


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9:30 am to 12:30 pm
Plain-dealing villains and dissembling demi-devils, maligned maidens and damsels defamed: these pairings will be the subject of our discussion as we examine some of Shakespeare's villains and the victims they exploit. We'll explore the thin line between comedy and tragedy, as we read Much Ado about Nothing and Othello, juxtaposing the ultimately inept Don John and the all-too-effective Iago, as well as their outspoken yet naïve victims, Hero and Desdemona. Alongside these two plays, we will watch the Parker Othello (1995) and the Branagh Much Ado (1993), and if you can get to the theater this summer, the new Joss Whedon Much Ado.
Registration opens September 4, 2013.
For registration information please contact Charlotte Wolfe Ross at email@example.com


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Alex writes, " I am a long time fan of the website ghoststudy. It's been quite awhile now, but back in May of 2012, I was in an online audience of the haunted dollhouse cam which sadly now seems to be inactive. I had captured a few interesting screenshots that I had saved and done nothing with until now. I am interested to get your opinions of the images while also hopefully learning what you know about the haunted dollhouse cam and its history. thank you very much and I hope to hear from you soon". Link to short video on FB
Haunted Dollhouse Cam
Started by KlaineyGStudy , Sep 29 2017 12:02 AM
5 replies to this topic
Posted 29 September 2017 - 12:02 AM
Posted 29 September 2017 - 05:57 AM
your links not working
Posted 29 September 2017 - 03:00 PM
Here's the link: Haunted Dollhouse Cam video
Is Alex talking about the little girl? If so, she looks like a fleshie to me.
Is Alex talking about the little girl? If so, she looks like a fleshie to me.
Edited by MacCionoadha BeanSidhe, 29 September 2017 - 02:56 PM.
Aquène kah nahonnushagk(Peace and farewell),
WaûtuckquesSóchepo (SnowRabbit)
The Official GhostStudy Easter Bunny
Posted 29 September 2017 - 09:28 PM
Thanks, MacC that was exactly what my daughter thought too. Guys thanks for your comments. What do people think of the lights going off and on?
Posted 29 September 2017 - 09:54 PM
I did a little research and came across this little sweety who was associated with "The haunted dollhouse cam" and she looks very similar to the girls/doll going down the stairs, so I think it might be a big possibility it could be her!
Posted 30 September 2017 - 09:25 AM
Thanks for posting up this link. I'll check it out!


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First, some baseline information. A secret and unelected world government exists and has controlled humanity's shared timeline for decades, even centuries. They own and control the world's financial systems, all major media outlets, and most of the world's elected governments including, make that especially, the current US administration. Until a few weeks ago, this secret government had two heads. The Illuminati, more accurately called the Rothschild Khazarian Mafia (RKM) based in Europe who have common bloodlines tracing back to the royalty of the medieval kingdom of Khazaria located between the Black and Caspian Seas and more recent arrivals calling themselves the Alliance based in the USA. The Alliance developed Tesla's science after he died in 1943 using US government funding and US military secrecy protocols. They chose to keep these technologies secret even from the US government itself but shared them with the secret government in exchange for a seat at their head table. (These technologies include faster than light travel, free energy, time travelling technologies, and mind & spirit control technologies.)
The US presidential election was in effect, a turf war between these factions and the Alliance gained ultimate control over the voting machines to elect their puppet, now President Trump. The Alliance planned to use this victory to take over RKM's assets within the US and create a fascist state under their control. One of their major weapons was time travel technologies that had already been used to make this unlikely election possible and the plan was to continue to use time travel technologies to support their nefarious and self serving plans. Trump was and is a puppet in all of this. Time travelling technologies were removed from the Alliance's arsenal earlier this year and the Alliance surrendered to the Light's agenda a few weeks ago, realizing their plans were now unattainable.
The Alliance's surrender created a power vacuum within the US and the RKM stepped back in and are in the process of reclaiming control within the US. Vice President Pence was always their man, bought and paid for, in return for his allegiance. Mueller, the 'independent' investigator, is also an RKM agent, bought and paid for. The RKM believes that killing Trump will trigger a Light based timeline shift and are choosing the slower quasi legal route of impeachment.
Trump is unskilled as a politician and is engaging in a number of illegal activities so the charges against him do not have to be trumped up (pun intended). Trump is an easy target and will soon be disgraced. The present system installs the Vice President in his place. Horror of horrors; Pence becomes President for the remainder of the term ending in November of 2020. As long as the present timeline remains in place, that is the agenda and nothing can stop it.
What can and will stop it is a shift into a new shared human timeline based in Light. The Light has been working toward this for several years and a well planned initiating event is cued up and ready to go. Facilitating this timeline shift has been my entire focus for nearly a decade. A friend named Katelon joined in these efforts a few years ago. One of her gifts was to manifest a series of sound keys and each day she birthed a new sound key beginning December 1st of last year. Ninety-two sound keys were birthed and we were told the shift was then manifest at the level of energy and would soon be manifest into our shared reality. That was in early March and even with sound key #93 that came into being a couple of months ago, still the shift is not manifest.
The RKM are well aware of the threat our work represents to their plans and have been targeting Katelon's demise using a variety of black magic techniques. This has escalated recently and a life threatening attempt took place last night. I was called to the battle and the RKM's objective was not achieved. Steps were also taken to remove these skills from the RKM's arsenal. Working with us are Light based allies including Time Travelling Protectors, Round Up Teams, the Light Council overseeing the shift process, and the human Shift into the Light Team who will be the face of the shift initiating event. The shift initiating event will begin the new Light based shared timeline.
My last post was called The Coast is Clear. In retrospect, I underestimated the resources available to the RKM and the coast was not yet clear. The same or similar RKM controlled resource base prevented a recent attempt to initiate and sent the Shift into the Light Team back to the drawing board to refine one of the key shift mechanisms.
Despite these recent setbacks, all of this is coming good. The shift into a shared timeline based in Light cannot be prevented. The RKM's resource base continues to be depleted and the latest attacks on Katelon only escalated the depletion process. The Light's replacement timeline and replacement systems continue to be refined and debugged. Soon, very soon, our existing shared timeline will be replaced with a Light based shared timeline and the Pence timeline with all its horrors will be washed away like sand castles in the rising tide; the rising tide of evolving human consciousness and the rising tide of human awakenings that are happening daily.
Freedom for humanity…


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LINKIN PARK, THE KILLERS, KORN and INTERPOL will headline what is now being dubbed the "KROQ Weenie Roast y Fiesta" on May 19 at the Verizon Amphitheater in Irvine, California. Also on the bill for the Southern California radio station's annual event: QUEENS OF THE STONE AGE, 30 SECONDS TO MARS, THE BRAVERY, RISE AGAINST, BAD RELIGION, SOCIAL DISTORTION, SILVERSUN PICKUPS, PLAIN WHITE T'S, TRANSPLANTS' Tim Armstrong, TIGER ARMY, and PETER BJORN AND JOHN.
The show will benefit such charities as Heal The Bay, the Surfrider Foundation and AIDS Services Foundation Orange County.
Tickets go on sale at noon on Saturday, May 5.


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In this paper, a simulation study of InGaAsP(well)/InGaAlAs(barrier) 1.55 mum strain-compensated multi-quantum well (MQW) lasers is presented. Due to a large conduction band discontinuity in this material system, a higher material gain and differential gain can be obtained from such a quantum well (QW) as compared to a traditional InGaAsP/InGaAsP quantum well. The deeper electron well should also improve elevated temperature operating characteristics and reduce the electron spillover from QWs. For MQWs, a uniform vertical distribution of holes is achieved due to a reduced effective hole confinement energy by optimizing the bandgap and the strain in the barriers. A large number of quantum wells can be uniformly pumped, reducing the carrier density in each individual well. A uniform and low carrier density in all the wells help reduce the total Auger recombination current. High p-doping in the active region is shown to enhance the carrier and gain non-uniformity in the MQWs. A simulated high modulation bandwidth has been demonstrated, promising directly modulated lasers as a low-cost source for short to medium distance (1-10 km) high speed optical links.
The research work presented in this thesis deals with modelling, design and characterisation of passive and active optical waveguide devices. The rst part of the thesis is related to algorithm development and numerical modelling of planar optical waveguides and gratings using the Method of Lines (MoL). The basic three-point central-di erence approximation of the δ2=δx2 operator used in the Helmholtz equation is extended to a new ve-point and seven-point approximation with appropriate interface conditions for the TE and TM elds. Di erent structures such as a high-contrast waveguide and a TM surface plasmon mode waveguide are simulated, and improved numerical accuracy for calculating the optical mode and propagation constant is demonstrated. A new fast and stable non-paraxial bi-directional beam propagation method, called Cascading and Doubling algorithm, is derived to model deep gratings with many periods. This algorithm is applied to model a quasi-guided multi-layer anti-resonant reecting optical waveguide (ARROW) grating polarizing structure.
In the second part of the thesis, our focus is on active optical devices such as vertical-cavity and edge-emitting lasers. With a view to improve the bandwidth of directly modulated laser, an InGaAsP quantum well with InGaAlAs barrier is studied due to its favorable band o set for hole injection as well as for electron con nement. Quantum wells with di erent barrier bandgap are grown and direct carrier transport measurements are done using time and wavelength resolved photoluminescence upconversion. Semi-insulating regrown Fabry-Perot lasers are manufactured and experimentally evaluated for light-current, optical gain, chirp and small-signal performance. It is shown that the lasers having MQW with shallow bandgap InGaAlAs barrier have improved carrier transport properties, better T0, higher di erential gain and lower chirp. For lateral current injection laser scheme, it is shown that a narrow mesa is important for gain uniformity across the active region. High speed directly modulated DBR lasers are evaluated for analog performance and a record high spurious free dynamic range of 103 dB Hz2=3 for frequencies in the range of 1-19 GHz is demonstrated. Large signal transmission experiment is performed at 40 Gb/s and error free transmission for back-to-back and through 1 km standard single mode ber is achieved.


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I had intended to treat each of the offerings in the Irish Times 'What is to be Done' series individually, hoping that they would provide us with new, innovative ideas. Boy, did I call that wrong. Jobs are being lost, enterprises are closing, our GDP is contracting, confidence is being lost – and all we get are folk so fixated on the budget deficit that they can't see the house around them falling down. John McHale starts off:
'It should never have come to this. Fiscal austerity in the face of recession means breaking what Nobel Laureate Paul Krugman calls the "Keynesian compact" – the expectation that governments can and will aggressively manage demand to counter severe downturns.'
However, just as John Fitzgerald dismissed economic stimulus out of hand, McHale concurs. Because the downturn resulted in a fiscal crisis. This is a strange logic - the reason why you should engage in economic stimulus is the very reason why you can't. We are, it seems, condemned to repeat the mistakes of past Fianna Fail Governments: just as they pursued pro-cyclical policies in the boom (fuelling demand through tax cuts at a time of rising demand) so now we must pursue pro-cyclical policies in the bust (deflationary fiscal measures while the economy is deflating).
This 'trap' is best seen in the call by all three economists - McHale, Alan Ahearne and Richard Tol to cut public sector wage cuts – in some cases, quite draconian. McHale calls this 'the least the wage bill gives the least-deflationary bang for the euro cut.' Yes, it may be the least-deflationary but to what degree is it deflationary? Will it still be a substantially so? To what degree will such cuts be met by a reduction of savings and a reduction of spending? And is this deflationary move justified or helpful during an economic contraction? At least, Ahearne provides a cautionary warning: it won't really save that much. And:
'I suspect that much of the rhetoric in the media about public sector pay and reform is an attempt by some of the least well-informed commentators to distract attention from the main source of our economic woes. The mess in which the Irish economy finds itself largely stems from the house price bubble, not from problems in the public sector. It is probably not a coincidence that some of the most vocal critics of the public sector today were among the most conspicuous cheerleaders for the housing boom.'
Yes, it was the property boom that what done it. But this was layered on top of pre-existing and already glaring deficiencies in our economic base – a poor indigenous enterprise sector, a poorer physical infrastructure and a social infrastructure which only European only in name. Still, his point is taken. Which is why it is disappointing to hear him come out with a cliché – one that is hardly reflects social reality.
'Put simply, we are living beyond our means.'
Whoa, wait a minute – it is not so simple. Over 1.4 million earn below the average industrial wage – or about two-thirds of all taxpayers. Add in all those on social welfare and we could find that up to three-fourths have incomes of less than the average wage. Even at the household level – yes, expenditure exceeded income in the lowest 70 percent of households. This 'living-beyond-our-means' is best understood against a backdrop of relatively low wages compared to European norms, social welfare rates below the relative poverty line, high levels of relative poverty and low-pay, and low universal provision of services that other European citizens take for granted (primary health care, childcare, primary education, etc.). To blame people with relatively low incomes for our fiscal crisis is missing the point.
But pain is the name of the game these days. All three economists claim 'pain' is unavoidable, is necessary, even purgative. But in McHale's case, he seems to fall into a contradiction:
'As the Asian economies found out over a decade ago, immediate pain is the price to restore confidence.'
Yet, a few paragraphs later he states:
The IMF appears to have learned a lesson from the Asian crisis, where excessive upfront austerity worked to undermine confidence rather than enhance it.'
So, immediate pain restores confidence, but upfront austerity (and that's where the pain comes from) undermines confidence. I'm sure there is a logic here – it's just that I can't figure it out.
Ultimately, the problem with the analysis of the three economists is that they have put the cart before the horse. If the fiscal crisis is the result of economic decline (the property bubble bursting, the structural deficit arising from previous tax cuts, the loss of 'competitiveness'), then how can we assume
(1) That 'fixing' the fiscal problems will result in economic growth, or
(2) Assume it is even possible to 'fix' the fiscal crisis during a period of rapid economic decline?
To work the symptoms and overlook the disease is a sure way to ensure the disease festers. That is the trap the three economists fall into, a trap laid by the way the Irish Times framed the debate. At least Ahearne tries to broaden it a bit – listing new taxes and tax increases to close the fiscal deficit. These deserve a longer treatment than I can afford it here. Suffice it to say that general tax increases during a severe contraction may only exacerbate the contraction and, so, the deficit. That is not to dismiss the idea of taxation – clearly, when growth resumes we will have to abandon the low-tax model that prevailed in the past, if only to overcome the structural deficit caused by over-reliance on property-related and spending taxes. But to impose it now on working income?
But, so far, the Irish Times has been worth it - mainly due to Richard Tol's contribution. It is a masterpiece. I am cutting it out and hanging it on my wall. It is almost mystical in its perverse way – like the medieval flagellants who divined the face of God while flogging themselves to death. For Tol, pain is an end it itself:
Cut spending now, next year and the year after that • Cut public sector wages, even the lower-paid • Cut supports to exporting industries • Privatise the ESB and CIE and An Post • Sell-off shares in Aer Lingus • Cut capital investment • Cut social welfare • Cut fuel allowances • and on and on and on • and on some more
I didn't know economists could be so funny and scary at the same time.


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Do You Belong to the ACC CV Imaging Member Section?
Author + information
- Published online July 1, 2013.
Author Information
- Neil J. Weissman, MD, Chair, Cardiovascular Imaging Section and Leadership Council
Established in 2011, the ACC's CV Imaging Section was developed to cultivate multi-modality imaging-based discussions, improve the College's ability to represent the professional needs of CV Imaging members, and facilitate continuous input from ACC members about salient and emerging CV imaging topics. The Section is open to members with a specific clinical or professional interest in imaging and provides a forum in which they can advance their professional priorities, offer input into the coordination of imaging activities within the College, and facilitate networking with peers in their field. Currently 2,500 members strong, the Section has identified a large pool of members with an interest in offering input into the coordination of imaging activities within the College.
Governed by the ACC CV Imaging Section Leadership Council, the goal of the Section is to represent the CV imaging community and work with ACC leadership to promote collaboration on issues facing CV specialists using imaging technologies to provide optimal patient care. The Imaging Section Leadership Council also serves to facilitate communication between the CV imaging societies with representatives from each imaging society. I have the privilege of chairing this Section and Leadership Council for 2013 to 2014.
The Council relies on the CV Imaging Section members for input on priorities and activities, and has developed communication avenues, which include the CV Imaging Section CardioSource page, a quarterly CV Imaging eNewsletter, an Imaging Section listserv, and an annual CV Imaging Section meeting, held in conjunction with the ACC's Annual Scientific Session. We encourage all members of the Imaging Section to utilize these resources, including the listserv. The listserv offers the opportunity for Section members to interact directly with each other via email—please consider sending your questions or thoughts to imagingsection{at}lists.acc.org to get the ball rolling.
The Section held its second annual CV Imaging Section meeting in conjunction with ACC.13. As always, this meeting is open to all interested participants. Approximately 100 cardiologists, cardiac care associates, administrators, and guests convened to learn and share updates on activities and encourage input on the strategic direction and priorities the Section should consider. Section meeting attendees represented the full spectrum of imaging modalities, as well as acquired and congenital heart disease. Featured speakers represented the advocacy, quality, educational, and publication activities within the College. Robert Hendel, MD, FACC, presented the recently revised methodology for Appropriate Use Criteria. Additionally, Joseph Allen, ACC staff, shared an update on an ACC national quality improvement activity, known as FOCUS, which will be launching a subscription-based clinical decision support service using electronic health records in both the hospital and practice setting. This service will be available from multiple vendors to allow hospitals and practices to choose the solution that best works for their workflow. Included in the subscription will be the ability to submit the AUC data to the ACC for a variety of uses including benchmarking, Maintenance of Certification Part IV improvement modules, and lab accreditation documentation.
The ACC Imaging Council member Linda Gillam, MD, FACC, then reviewed imaging programming highlights at ACC.13, including the ACC/ASE/ASNC/SCAI/SCCT/SCMR multi-modality imaging day. Sandy Katanick, CEO of the Intersocietal Accreditation Commission, also shared an overview of lab accreditation and available resources. Following the presentations, Section members and attendees shared valuable comments on the importance of encouraging interaction between imaging specialists in providing patient-centered care, the potential to introduce new science and quality as well as the increasing need for multi-modality specialists. Attendees also offered input on the expanding significance multi-modality fellowships, and training programs will have in preparing future CV Imaging cardiologists.
Based on this input from Section members, as well as input from ACC leadership and ACC CV Imaging Council members, the Imaging Council has identified a number of priorities to address over the coming year, and will be establishing attendant work groups comprised of Section members to advance the activities as described below:
Science and Quality Issues Related to Multi-Modality Imaging: Recognizing the CV imaging profession's need for mechanisms to examine the relationship of CV imaging tests to clinical outcomes, Section and Council members will investigate potential approaches and examine the feasibility of several data collection and analysis activities, including PINNACLE (Practice INNovation And Clinical Excellence), FOCUS, and the NCDR (National Cardiovascular Data Registry) enterprise, as opportunities to meet these objectives.
CV Imaging in 2020: Who better to start thinking about what the future of cardiovascular imaging will look like than imagers? This is meant to be a forward thinking, open-ended initiative, that could take one of several formats. The ultimate goal will be to organize and present our findings and discussions to College and society leadership.
Digital Strategy and Section Communications: This column is a clear example of a Section communication. Help us generate ideas to get the word out to our members about our current and upcoming activities, as well as facilitate multi-directional communication. Additionally, members interested in submitting Hot Topics, Case Challenges, or Case Vignettes are welcome to contact staff for details about contributing. Likewise, recommendations for topics and authors related to important advocacy, quality, and educational CV imaging issues are welcome. The Council welcomes the opportunity to work with interested authors on publications for JACC: Cardiovascular Imaging White Paper submissions.
Engaging FITs: Fellows in Training are the future leaders of CV imaging and cardiology as a whole. The Imaging Section is interested in involving FITs in the above activities, as well as inviting their feedback and comments on how to effectively support these future leaders with mentoring, career development and leadership opportunities.
We hope you will consider joining the Section and participating in one of these initiatives–or suggest additional ideas for activities. Membership is open to physician, cardiac care associate, and FIT members of the College, and those interested may join for a $10 annual fee (complimentary for FITs), by opting in on their dues statement, calling the Resource Center at (800) 253-4636, ext. 5603, or by visiting http://www.cardiosource.org/dues. Join today!
For more information on the Imaging Section, please visit cardiosource.org/imaging. Interested in getting involved? Please email imagingsection{at}acc.org with your interests and background on your expertise.
- American College of Cardiology Foundation


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Jewish World Review May 18, 2011 / 14 Iyar, 5771
A Sharper GOP Field
By Jonah Goldberg
http://www.JewishWorldReview.com | The Republican presidential logjam has finally broken.
And then there's
This last bit of news was no doubt greeted with jubilation in the Mitt Romney camp, given that
To have Gingrich out there defending the mandate -- and by extension
By midday Monday, however, Gingrich was reversing himself in response to a deluge of criticism. But the damage was done. The simple fact is that despite Gingrich's immense talents and achievements, Ryan -- who's not even in the race -- is more popular than Gingrich among conservatives. It's hard to throw someone under the bus when it's not your bus. More to the point, Gingrich reinforced the impression that his mouth deserves a patent as a perpetual motion machine.
Still, the real significance of the last week or so is not the breaking up of the political logjam of candidates but of the policy logjam.
Not only did
In this, they were playing catch-up with
Daniels, however, also steadfastly refuses to sign anti-tax activist
For those paying attention, these should be fascinating developments given the perennial claims that the
Does all this mean that the
But it does hint that this year's primary season won't involve a replay of the dreadful 2008 debates in which the candidates auditioned to play the part of
It also suggests that the front-runners -- a group that includes former
Come November, it is very unlikely that conservative voters will stay home. So, barring a truly fringe
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16th Century Home Rebuilt
A truly remarkable renovation of a fire-ravaged 16th century home.
Imagine spending six years renovating a sublime 16th century home, only to see it burn down. In a remarkable story, Penny and Mark Sloper reveal how they managed to start all over again.
"Our dream house almost killed us," sounds like classic renovators' hyperbole, but when Penny Sloper expresses the sentiment she is totally serious. For late in the evening of 6th November 2006, just a few months after completing the lengthy restoration of their beautiful Tudor house, Penny, husband Mark and children Ellie and Michael were roused from their beds by an unusual clicking sound — which turned out to be clay tiles exploding on the roof "like shrapnel". Suddenly the power cut out as the roof space, for reasons still disputed, burst into flames. The family rapidly evacuated to the garden, where they could only stand and watch as six years of hard work – but far more than that, their home; their possessions; their memories – went up in smoke. Can you imagine?
Thankfully the family escaped unharmed, but ahead of them stood a world of uncertainty. Where would they live? Was anything salvageable? Could they bring themselves to start again?
Ironically, the couple had paid particular attention to safety features such as smoke detectors and rewiring. "None of the smoke detectors activated during the fire because all the heat and smoke was above them — there does not seem to be any advice to fit smoke detectors in the roof space of domestic dwellings," says Penny.
The next morning Penny and Mark assessed the scene. "All of the ancient roof structure was lost," says Penny, "The rest of the house suffered major water damage, and was soaked in a toxic 'soup' of melted roof insulation and bituminised roof felt."
The couple had previously attended a course on ancient building maintenance and restoration, where architect Nick Joyce had given an impressive lecture. After the fire, the couple knew exactly who to contact and ended up engaging practice partner Alex Matthews, to whom the couple state they will be eternally grateful. "Alex took great care in surveying the house over a period of several weeks before deciding on the best course of action," recalls Penny.
Builders Brothwell & Miles came recommended by Alex and turned out to be true craftsmen with great attention to detail. They painstakingly spliced oak into the timber frame and sensitively replaced beams where necessary — they even replicated the original slanted roof section. "They were real grafters," says Mark.
After a slow start, the family were able to move back in a few months before completion in August 2008. Three years on, the family have happily settled back into life at Firs House, although the events of that night still evoke strong emotions. "As well as sadness, we felt guilt," says Penny. "But we got through it all thanks to our loving family and good-hearted neighbours and friends; the professionalism and sensitivity of our architects, builders and craftsmen; and sometimes having to focus very hard on believing that somehow it was all going to happen. Hopefully our house is now in a fit state to last another 400 years and we have redeemed ourselves as its caretakers."


text:
Entertaining a roomful of rambunctious children can be a
stressful and exhausting endeavor – even for the most organized and low-key
parents. Moms and dads must not only prepare the food and order or make the
party cake, but must then keep the children busy – and content – with fun, and
safe, activities while trying to ensure they don't destroy your house!
This is why companies such as the Lollipop Park Indoor Children's Amusement Park
make good sense when the time comes to throw a well-organized and hassle-free
kids soiree. Located 14 miles south of Denver in Centennial, with a new
independently-owned location in Lake Arrowhead in California, this all-in-one Indoor Park
provides hours of adventurous activities that are certain to bring smiles and
chuckles to guests of honor and their junior sidekicks. Happy kids mean happy
Lollipop Park owners have a long, impressive track record of
bringing joy to these young thrill seekers, investing more than $700,000 to update
this 36-year amusement park franchise, which first opened its doors as Physical
Whimsical, transforming into Funtastic Nathans, then Funtastic Fun. On average,
more than 60,000 satisfied kids have attended more than 3,000 parties at this Indoor Park each
year since the park began in 1982. And, as has been customary, park owners have
returned more than $30,000 over the years to local children's charities as a
show of gratitude to organizations that help kids in need.
Lollipop Park makes the parents' end of the job hassle-free:
adult chaperones only need to bring their own cake – and ice cream, party
favors and balloons, if they like – along with utensils, napkins. Lollipop Park
offers juice, soft drinks, pizza and other items at its snack bar. The Centennial
Indoor Park location
also features a restaurant in the adjoining sports complex. Parents then only
need to purchase the wristbands (or individual ride tickets at the California
Each young participant at the Centennial location use these
wristbands for hours of entertainment, which includes miniature amusement rides
including a Ferris wheel; carousel; teacup ride; bounce house; and a swing
ride. And the price is extremely reasonable: group packages at the Centennial
amusement center start at $14.95 per child.
What makes the price especially worthwhile at this Indoor Park is
that there is no time limit on park stays, and there is no limit on number of
party guests. Further, adult organizers do not need to provide a deposit, and
may even arrive at the last minute with no reservations – although check-in is
advisable to ensure room for your party.
The California location runs slightly different as it is
situated outdoors against the picturesque backdrop of Lake Arrowhead. Here,
guests can buy individual tickets to go karts or bumper carts; 9-hole mini golf
course; Lollipop Express Train; or the assortment of amusement rides similar to
the ones provided at its sister park in Centennial. The latter kiddie rides can
be purchased individually or as a set, for $10.
The Centennial Lollipop Indoor Park is located inside the Family Sports Center,
6901 S. Peoria St. For more information, please call 303-761-8700. Parties may
also be booked online at the Lollipop Park website: http://lollipoppark.com/book-online/
The Lake Arrowhead location is at 28200 Highway 189 A-100.
For more information on hours and activities, please call (909) 337-2999. You
may also inquire by email: email@example.com.


text:
Just Ask.
Every now and again, you need a kick in the ass. You get complacent. You get lazy. You feel like, "Yeah, I'm doing pretty good." I was feeling this way in the early parts of the semester. I was "on top" of things. My students were relatively all engaged and learning, I was tweaking what's worked in the past. I was doing alright.
But the truth was plopped in front of me by Heather Durnin (@hdurnin), a grade eight teacher. While presenting at the ECOO conference about all the cool things she does in her classroom, it dawned on me where I was really lacking. I wasn't asking.
I was having all these "brilliant" (it's relative, I know) ideas about how to make the learning more authentic for my students and then determining the idea wouldn't work for one of the following reasons:
- I don't have the time to set it up.
- I don't have the energy to set it up.
- I'll probably get turned down.
- I won't get permission.
- The timing won't work out.
- I don't have the tech requirements.
- And so on, and so on.
I was killing the idea before it left my head.
And here's the beauty of what Heather presented, she just asked. She took the idea and ask for help. She threw the possibilities into the wind and waited. She reminded us that she got rejected plenty, but for the few times it works out, it is worth it.
I'm able to explode the walls off the classroom by simply asking for others to join us, collaborate, teach us, be apart of the community by asking.
Simple and elegant, just ask. The perfect kick in the ass I needed.
Style switcher only on this demo version. Theme styles can be changed from Options page.


text:
Medhu Vadai is a very popular deep fried South Indian snack/appetizer served during breakfast or as an evening snack. They are also made during festival or special occasions. Technically Medhu Vadai and Ulundu Vadai are the same, but the difference is in some parts onion is not added to Ulundu Vadai and it is added to Medhu Vadai.
Urad Dal – 1 cup
Onions – 1/4 cup, finely chopped
Green Chillies – 2, finely chopped
Ginger – 1 tblsp, grated
Salt – 1/2 tsp
Fresh Coriander – 1/4 cup, finely chopped
Oil for deep frying
1. Wash the dal and soak in water for 2 hours.
2. Drain and transfer it to a blender.
3. Grind the dal, gradually adding up to 1/4 cup of water to make a thick, slightly coarse batter.
4. Add the onions, green chillies and ginger and mix well.
5. Mix the salt and coriander into the batter.
6. Put the oil in a kadai over medium heat.
7. Place a damp cloth on your palm and put about 1 1/2 tblsp of batter on it. The damp cloth prevents the batter from sticking to your hand.
8. Form the batter into a doughnut shape and transfer the vadai directly into the hot oil.
9. Fry till one side is cooked and golden brown.
10. Turn over and fry the other side, till golden brown.
11. Drain.
12. Make the remaining vadai in the same way.
13. Serve hot with coconut chutney.
Tip: Don't make the batter too thin as it will be oily when fried.


text:
Miner Alert
This camp focuses on the dance rehearsal process. All students will learn the fundamentals of the performance process of dance culminating in a live performance for family and friends on the last day of the camp.
Friday, July 20, 2018 at 9:00 AM to 12:00 PM
Fox Fine Arts Center
500 W University Ave M301, El Paso, TX 79968
Cost: $190. Please visit website, for details.
Login with your UTEP ID to interact with events, personalize your calendar, submit an event and get recommendations.
If you don't have a UTEP account, we invite you to login via one of the options below to access our interactive calendar.Login with Facebook Login with Google Login with Twitter Login with LinkedIn
The UTEP Events Calendar is for University-related events only. All event submissions are reviewed and approved before posting.


text:
- About
- Download
- Solutions
- Marketplace
- Community
- Docs
View at www.hailshamrotary.org.uk >
We were hired to create the "shell" for Hailsham Rotary club to illustrate the good works the organization do for the local town.
We were asked to create a public facing site, easily updated by selected members, and then a secondary site with secondary menu structure for its members.
The club had secific requirements for the members area, an events calendar and sections dedicated to file management and downloads.
The site has now been successfully updated by the clients for over 2 years now.


text:
« AnteriorContinuar »
Kilander r. Hoover et al.
the plaintiff, which he alleges is a great annoyance, injury and
damage to his credit.
Plaintiff avers that as to all of the notes so given, the rights, equities, interests, consideration and liabilities were fully determined and adjudged in his favor, in the former suit between Hoover and himself. Upon the foregoing facts, he prayed that the note so assigned be declared cancelled, and that the plaintiff have judgment for his costs.
The court below sustained a demurrer to the complaint, and the sole question presented is, whether or not, upon the facts stated, the judgment rendered in the action on the first two notes operates as an estoppel against proceeding upon the last note, which was not due, and not otherwise involved in the preceding litigation, than by the facts pleaded in the defendant's answer therein?
It is proper to say that the complaint before us presents a case somewhat anomalous in character. It is, in substance, a bill in equity to obtain the cancellation and surrender of a note, which the plaintiff alleges was, in effect, cancelled, as a result of a previous judgment rendered in his favor in a former suit.
The theory of the appellant's case is, that the former judgment is a complete estoppel against any further suit upon any of the notes mentioned, as well those sued upon as the one not due at the time the judgment was rendered. What he asks now is, that a court of equity shall aid him by its decree, so as to make the previous judgment, which he alleges was in his favor, and which he claims conclusively determined that he was not indebted-on any of the notes, effectual to cancel the third note, which he says was in effect cancelled by that judgment.
Whether the aid of a chancellor may be invoked in any such case we do not now inquire, as the conclusion at which we have arrived renders the inquiry unnecessary. Do the facts put forward in the complaint show that the result of the former adjudication was such as to entitle the appellant to Kilander r. Hoover et nL
the surrender of the third note? A brief consideration of well settled principles will readily determine the inquiry.
The distinction between the estoppel which arises upon a judgment pronounced upon a claim or demand, when the same claim or demand is again brought in question, and when another distinct claim or demand, which constitutes an independent cause of action between the same parties, although connected with the same transaction, is the subject of a second action, must not be lost sight of. In the case first put, a judgment upon the merits operates as an absolute bar, and concludes the parties, and those in privity with them, as well in respect to every admissible matter of claim x>r defence which was actually presented and determined, as in respect to such indivisible claims or defences as might have been presented and determined. If either party fail to bring forward all matters connected with the claim or demand in suit, or the defence thereto, it is of no consequence that other matters than those presented existed. While the judgment stands, it is to be treated as a complete adjudication of all matters of claim or defence, either actually brought forward, or such as might have been brought forward and litigated. This was in effect determined in Indiana, etc., R. W. Co. v. Koons, 105 Ind. 507, and the cases therein cited.
In respect to such a case, it is strictly accurate to say that a judgment is equally effectual as an estoppel, as to all such grounds of recovery, or defence, as actually were, as well as to such as might have been, presented and determined. Where, however, an action is brought upon a claim or demand, or in reference to a particular subject-matter, and the defence to such action is that a judgment, rendered in a previous action between the same parties, upon a different claim or demand, or subject-matter, operates as an estoppel in a suit upon the second or subsequent claim or demand, different principles are to be applied.
In the last case, in order to make a previous judgment work an estoppel, it must be averred and proven in the Kilander r. Hoover et al.
second suit that the matters in issue, or points controverted and actually determined by the first judgment, were identical with those that are to be presented as a defence to the second suit. The judgment rendered in the first case is only conclusive as a plea, or as evidence, in a second or subsequent suit between the same parties, upon the same matter as was directly in question and determined in that case. Cleveland v. Oreviston, 93 Ind. 31 (47 Am. R. 367); Felton v. Smith, 88 Ind. 149 (45 Am. R. 454).
If it appears that the first judgment involved the whole claim or extended to the whole subject-matter, and settled the entire defence to the whole of a series of notes or claims, and adjudicated the whole subject-matter of a defence, equally relevant to and conclusive of the controversy between the parties, as well in respect to the claim or defence in judgment, as in respect to other claims and defences thereto, pertaining to the same transaction or subject-matter, then the first judgment operates as an estoppel as to the whole. Cromwell v. County of Sac, 94 U. S. 351; Hazen v. Reed, 30 Mich. 331; Felton v. Smith, supra; Goble v. Dillon, 86 Ind. 327 (44 Am. R. 308).
Unless, however, it is made to appear that the defences pleaded to the first claim, or demand, involved the whole title, or extended to the whole subject-matter, of the controversy between the parties, so as to litigate and determine the defendant's liability in respect to the whole transaction, then the judgment is a finality only as to so much of the claims and defences as was actually litigated in the first suit.
The facts stated in the complaint before us do not bring the case within the rule, which makes a judgment upon one of several claims operate as an estoppel in a suit upon another claim, arising out of the same transaction. The defence interposed to the notes first sued on was in effect, that the consideration of those notes failed, in that the title to one-half the land purchased was lost to the purchaser, by Kilander v. Hoover el al.
title paramount; and that certain incumbrances, amounting to three hundred and seventy-two dollars and six cents, existed on the other half, which the purchaser had been compelled to pay. It thus appears that the defence did not go to the whole transaction. It was not alleged that the whole title failed; nor did it appear what the relative value of the two parts of the entire tract was. The judgment did not, therefore, necessarily conclude the parties in respect to the whole transaction.
All that was conclusively determined by that litigation was, that the title to the west half of the land purchased had failed, and that the appellant had been compelled to pay three hundred and seventy-two dollars and six cents in order to remove incumbrances from the east half, and that as a result the consideration of the notes then in suit had failed. These subjects are not open for further litigation between the parties to the first suit, or those in privity with them. The first judgment did not, however, determine whether or not the value of the west half, and the amount of incumbrances paid by the appellant, were equal to the whole consideration, which he agreed to pay for the land. It may be, for all that appears, that the relative value of the east and west half was such that, notwithstanding the failure of the title to. the west half, and the amount paid to remove incumbrances, the appellant should, nevertheless, pay the last note on account of the value of the east half, which he still retains.
It is true the appellant alleges, in his complaint, that the sums already paid by him exceed the value of the remaining forty acres. He may, however, have agreed to pay more than the value of the whole eighty. It can only be determined whether or not the consideration of the last note has failed, by ascertaining the relative value of each forty, as compared with the price which he agreed to pay for the whole.
If the two parcels were of equal value, the purchase-price Kilander v. Hoover et al.
of the whole being one thousand dollars, then the whole consideration for the third note has not failed. There are no fects stated in the pleading before us, which conclusively indicate that these subjects were determined in the first suit. Some general averments appear in the complaint, which state conclusions broad enough in their scope to embrace the idea, that everything pertaining to the whole subject-matter was determined. The pleader has, however, stated in his complaint the specific facts, which were set up in his answer to the first notes. These facts, and not the pleader's conclusions, must govern. If anything outside of the facts stated as having been set up in the answer to the complaint in the first suit, was determined in that suit, it was outside of the issue, and was, therefore, not binding. McFadden v. Ross, 108 Ind. 512.
The answer to the first complaint set up substantially nothing more than a failure of the consideration of the notes sued on. In the language of the court in Clark v. JSammons, 12 Iowa, 368, " The plea of failure of consideration in the first suit applied solely to the matters then in issue, to the claim of plaintiff, as then pleaded." If the consideration of the last note has also failed, that fact is open for future determination in another action, such as either party may hereafter see fit to bring.
Conceding everything that is claimed for the former judgment, it does not appear that it determined whether or not the consideration for the last note had failed.
Judgment affirmed, with costs.
Filed May 11, 1887.


text:
Well I have never done this before well I do not have any kids I do want kids eventually. I am implusive like to do what ever when ever as long as its fun. I am a bbw and for those that don't know what the mean its big beautiful woman. I am looking for someone that can have fun no matter the situation, has a sense of humor. I do not want to just jump into a ltr just want to take it slow see what happens and go from there. I do have pics if you want to see send yours
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I endorse Katy because she cares about the safety and well being of the people in our county. Katy will take action to assure the natural resources that provide the foundation of Coos county's economy are healthy and are not compromised.
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The Entrepreneur: Niki Fuchs, Office Space in Town
With a business generating over £14m in revenues, this female property entrepreneur advocates setting realistic goals, 'trusting nobody', and learning on the job...
Co-founder: Giles Fuchs and Niki Fuchs
Company: Office Space in Town (OSiT)
Website: http://www.officespaceintown.com/
Description in one line: Boutique serviced office provider
Previous companies: City Executive Centers
Turnover: £14,471,834 (2015)
12 month target: 2016 turnover will be circa £17.25m
Business growth
Describe your business model and what makes your business unique:
- Office Space in Town is a high-design serviced office provider
- We operate a unique freehold model which allows greater investment into the design and facilities of the building
- Workplaces are flexible, located in prime city centres and offer HQ-level facilities
What is your greatest business achievement to date?
Securing backing from global real estate investor Forum Partners was a key moment for the business. It changed our fortune and ambitions. Being backed financially by Forum Partners allowed us to launch our first serviced office joint venture LSO I, and acquire our first three London-based serviced office buildings in Liverpool Street, St. Pauls and Waterloo.
Two years later in 2014, we launched the second joint venture LSO II, and acquired a further serviced office building in 20. St. Dunstans, Monument.
What numbers do you look at every day in your business?
I look at the number of enquiries from prospective tenants and occupancy rates across our portfolio of serviced offices.
These figures are an important indication of how well the business is doing, and helps us measure occupancy levels as well as appetite from prospective tenants.
To what extent does your business trade internationally and what are your plans?
We're a UK-based business with strong ambitions to expand our operations and portfolio of serviced offices within the UK. There is strong international demand for serviced offices and we see potential for our business model and offering to grow domestically, continuing to attract global and UK tenants.
Describe your growth funding path:
Earlier this year, we announced that Kailong – a leading Chinese real estate asset manager – had invested in our two London serviced office joint ventures. Kailong took a majority stake in our first joint venture, LSO I, replacing global real estate investors Forum Partners, which initially backed the serviced office vehicle.
Shanghai-based Kailong also took a majority stake in our second joint venture, LSO II, in which Forum Partners remain an active partner and shareholder.
Being backed by two major global property investors gives us the confidence to seek further quality assets and to expand our portfolio of serviced offices.
What technology has made the biggest difference to your business?
Businesses are demanding more from the offices they occupy and serviced office providers must offer the most innovative technologies at any point in their buildings.
All our serviced office buildings have blanket WiFi access and connectivity between meeting rooms. Equally important, our staff are all trained and have bespoke tech knowledge allowing them to respond quickly to any tenant queries and concerns.
Where would you like your business to be in three years?
Our revenue has more than tripled over the last three years and I would hope this positive and encouraging trend continues.
Our figures for 2016 so far indicate a sustained increase in revenue – up from £14.47m in 2015. This continues the promising year-on-year growth in revenues experienced by OSiT in previous years.
We can expect political uncertainty in the UK and abroad to have a positive impact on the serviced office market, as more companies will look for flexible office arrangements. Recent deals in UK commercial property driven by Asian investors are encouraging, and I'm confident that investment in UK commercial property, and the serviced office market in particular, will grow.
Growth challenges
What is the hardest thing you have ever done in business?
You always want to give your staff more opportunities, and some of the most difficult decisions are when I have had to turn down a great opportunity because the moment is not right. Equally challenging is coping with the delicate balance of committing fully to work engagements, while also trying to allocate time for the family.
This balance is difficult to achieve and always requires sacrifices which are not always easy to make.
What was your biggest business mistake?
Not making an important decision quick enough. In business, it is crucial to make the right decisions at the right time – which is easier said than done!
Piece of Red Tape that hampers growth most:
Red tape hasn't impacted our business.
What is the most common serious mistake you see entrepreneurs make?
Being overly optimistic about their business proposition and idea and over extending themselves in terms of cash requirements.
How will your market look in three years?
We are confident that investment will continue to flood into the UK commercial real estate and that the serviced office sector more widely will continue to thrive.
Despite political and economic uncertainty following the EU referendum vote, we have seen the service office market thrive as businesses look for greater flexibility to expand or moderate their growth at short notice.
What is the single most important piece of advice you would offer to a less experienced entrepreneur?
Don't be so bullish about your idea. Recognise that even a great business idea will always take much longer to realise than expected.
Entrepreneurs need to be realistic – and measured in their projections for the business.
Personal growth
Biggest luxury:
Having a company car (Range Rover!) and being able to help staff when needed and giving perks to keep everyone satisfied.
Executive education or learn it on the job?
Learnt it on the job.
What would make you a better leader?
Being more disciplined with time management and managing myself better.
What one thing do you wish you'd known when you started?
There are two things I would highlight:
- Treat everybody as you would like to be treated.
- Trust nobody but don't become cynical.
One business app and one personal app you can't do without:
- Personal app: CityMapper – the best app which helps me get around London!
- Business app: TinyScanner – very handy app which allows me to scan everything and not have to carry hard copies.
Business book:
Eat That Frog! Get More of the Important Things Done Today by Brian Tracy and Delivering Happiness: A Path to Profits, Passion and Purpose by Zappos CEO Tony Hsieh.


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When it comes to IT projects, do you ask the right questions—and understand the answers? How can you identify new technology trends that could fundamentally change how your agency does business? Digital Government is designed to provide you with a better understanding of digital technologies such as social media, wireless technologies, and cloud computing—and the barriers that may prevent their optimal use.
You will discuss issues related to the adoption of digital tools, learn the language of this landscape, and develop insight into the economics of digital government.
OPM Competency
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- Understand how digital technologies may change the relationship between citizens and their government


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Treatment of PTSD
Certain doctors can diagnose PTSD, such as psychiatrists or psychologists. The mental health providers at Dr. Emanuel Martinez and Associates have experience helping people with these mental illnesses.
Some standard acknowledgements to have a patient get diagnosed with PTSD are listed below. An adult must have all of the following for at least 1 month:
- A re-experiencing symptom, such as flashbacks, bad dreams, or frightening thought.
- An avoidance symptom, such as avoiding a place or event that reminds them of a traumatic incident.
- Two or more arousal symptoms, such as difficulty sleeping or angry outbursts.
- Two or more mood affecting symptoms, such as forgetting parts of an event, negative thoughts, or feeling guilty.
Once diagnosed, the treatments used to help overcome PTSD are medications, psychotherapy, or a combination of both. Since no two patients are the same, and PTSD can affect everyone differently, one treatment may work well for certain patients while not helping others as much. Dr. Martinez and Associates have the experience needed to treat anyone with PTSD. PTSD patients may need to attempt several treatments to find what works best for their particular symptoms.
Some other problems in a patients life can significantly affect their PTSD treatment. For instance, if a patient with PTSD is in an abusive relationship, it can cause reoccurring trauma, and both problems should be addressed to treat the issue. Some more ongoing issues can include panic disorder, depression, substance abuse, and suicidal thoughts.
Medication Treatment
Medication treatments for PTSD largely rely on antidepressants that can help control the symptoms of sadness, anger, or emptiness. Along with antidepressants, other medications that can help with problems sleeping or mood changes could be utilized, as well as psychotherapy.
Treatment with Psychotherapy
Psychotherapy, also known as talk therapy, is when a mental health professional treats a patient through talking sessions. Psychotherapy is possible through one on one sessions, or in group sessions. There is not a time frame on psychotherapy, as each patient has different needs and treatments. Positive support from friends and family members can make a large improvement in recovery time.
Psychotherapy can target different symptoms of PTSD directly. Effective treatments tend to put emphasis on a few key symptoms, including teaching patients about particular symptoms, giving them the skills to help identify triggers and symptoms, and the skills to help manage their disorder more effectively.
Psychotherapy can teach people helpful ways to deal with frightening events that trigger their PTSD. Through psychotherapy sessions, patients can learn to deal with the trauma, manage the way it affects their daily lives, utilize mood controlling skills, sleep better, overcome feelings of guilt or shame, and completely manage their PTSD better.


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I was happy that I was asked by Marie Callender's to be part of their Sweet Moments campaign. Life certainly does go by in the blink of an eye. I think it's so important that we savor every precious, sweet moment with our families. Marie Callender's pies are perfect for helping us celebrate. Only Marie Callender's delivers homemade quality, and their products are made without compromise. The made from scratch crust, and wholesome, homemade quality and highest quality ingredients, along with their signature special touches - such as the Dutch Apple Pie's crumb topping- give us a reason to celebrate every day.
What's next on our list to try? Marie Callender's Coconut Cream pie (which I think we will enjoy on our next movie night) with its creamy coconut custard, made from scratch crust, and hand garnished with a real toasted coconut – Yum! And then after that we will be enjoying Marie Callender's Chocolate Satin Pie with its rich chocolate filling, made from scratch crust, and topping of real chocolate curls. Delicious! Life does go by in the blink of an eye. Savor each precious, sweet moment.
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Ann E. Mazzotti, DDS, PC
(708) 798-4424
A Beautiful Practice For All Your Dental NeedsFacilityWe are proud to provide a state-of-the-art facility for the highest quality dental care available. It is one of our top priorities to protect the well-being of our valued patients. For this reason, our office meets and surpasses all OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration) and CDC (Center for Disease Control) standards. We are confident that you will feel right at home in our office as we welcome all patients as if they were family.
AppointmentsIf you would like to make an appointment, please contact our office by phone or email.. Our office facilitates communications and emergency calls and appointments are available and welcome, especially for new patients seeking help.FinancialOur fees are extremely competitive in this area. We are proud that we are able to have high quality care at a reasonable cost to our patients. Our office accepts cash, check, MasterCard, Visa, Discover, and Care Credit (a dental charge account available through our office). We also offer flexible payment plans on a per case basis. We accept most dental insurance. Insurance is a contract between you and your insurance company, so we will ask that you pay your portion of this charge at the time of service. The patient will be responsible for any unpaid balance not paid by insurance.
CancellationIf you are unable to keep an appointment, we ask that you kindly provide us with at least 24 hours notice. We ask for this advance notice so that we can offer this appointment to another patient. A fee may be charged if a patient does not show up for an appointment without sufficient notice.We would like to take this opportunity to thank you for choosing our practice for your dental care.


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Shots #51 - 31 with gun!
Three Valliant Knights storm a Red Castle
When I came to Japan there was an ALT here who essentially showed me everything and helped me sort out my life, car and well, just about everything here. 3 years later and he is on his way back to his homeland. We went for one last cruise. Sadly for him he had already sold his beast and was in his wife's rinkydink. no matter we had a good drive on Mt. Akagi.
The two of us in arrived at the predetermined spot and waited… and talked about cars… and waited. Then we rolled up the Touge to find a windswept frozen wasteland. Still very much in the grip of winter despite spring having arrived elsewhere.
We headed to the shrine on the lake to kill some time and we discovered that the little rinkydink had beaten us to the top. How about that.
We then went up to a parking lot I know to do a couple of runs before heading down a very narrow and winding touge that comes out at the Akagi Onsen… Yes. There is an Akagi Onsen. I was surprised to discover this too!
For some reason, I have the urge to visit the hotel there sometime. I should look into it.
Back down the hill and along another rather fun road before heading down into Ogo for a beef bowl. Where we sat and talked shit for a good hour before having to part with the Evo. He had to go in another direction.
We then headed back to Shibs to watch a movie and were only slightly distracted by the amazing sunset… By slightly distracted I mean I was struggling to keep the car in my lane while shooting out of my sunroof.
Total Distance driven:
about 82km
View Larger Map
Posted by Unknown at 7:41 PM No comments:
Labels: 2011, Akagi, cars, Drive, epic win, friends, It are SNOWZ, my car, photography, sunset
Recruitment Posters (slideshow)
Every year the clubs at school need to recruit new members from the new 1st years. These are the best ones:
Posted by Unknown at 3:12 PM No comments:
Walking Home
Spring is the perfect time of the year for walks. you don't freeze or sweat you balls off. The Sakura are out (for a short time at least). You have winter blue skies and summer long sunsets. Basically. Its a great way to wind down after long day at work (Ok so I just have fun all day… but they pay me to do it so I don't complain)
If I time my walk well, I get the sunset to last most almost my entire walk home from the school field, right till I reach my road. As the walk progresses, the sunset gets quite a bit more spectacular.
In winter every little thing becomes a massive obstacle that you need to gaijin smash through. The little curiosities of the Japanese way of life becomes backward stubborn stupidity and the system that keeps the country running looks like an oppressive brainwashing factory that dumbs the masses into obedient bleeting sheep.
While in truth All those things don't actually change. It does not matter as much when the weather is fine and the skies are aflame. Spring is a new beginning. A chance to repair your frayed nerves and warm your frozen bones.
And there is just somethng about sunsets in General that are just so powerful. Yes, You will say that this has nothing on back home. It is true. African sunsets are mindblowing. But any sunset. Is such an awe inspiring thing. Regardless of where we see it.
Think about it. We are on a rock hurtling through space at breakneck speeds around a nuclear chain reaction. All the things that have happened on an atomic scale for billions of years to give us the chance to just enjoy the view.
Yet how many of these magnificent sunsets do we actually see? How often do we ignore these little yet spectacular events because our lives demand it. People forget to take in the fact that our lives mean nothing if we don't truly live them.
We are told that fun is something to be done after work. Slaving away so the fatcats can have our pay. They don't own the skies. and they can't tax our eyes. The next time the skies go red. LOOK UP!
Posted by Unknown at 11:37 AM No comments:
Mirror Mirror ~5 hit combo~
Posted by Unknown at 10:03 PM No comments:
Labels: ~5 hit combo~, 2011, gunma, photography, shibukawa
Initial D Tourism
Posted by Unknown at 11:37 AM No comments:
Labels: 2011, Drive, epic win, Haruna, Lake Haruna, my car, panorama, photography, school
Shots #50 Tower of Power
Posted by Unknown at 1:17 PM No comments:
Labels: 2011, photography, shibukawa, shots, TEPCO
Hanami Part 2… More pretty flowers
on the way back home from Shikishima Park last week, I decided to take the long way home in an effort to avoid traffic. We came into Shibs on the 34. At the Hydro electric plant on the dge of the city, The flowers were in bloom too. We stopped for a bit.
Hanami Part 1… Looking at the pretty flowers
In Japan, The end of winter is heralded in with a spectacular transformation. The brown, barren branches erupt into a flurry of pink as the temperatures start to rise. Spring is upon us!
Last week, we went to Shikishima Park to take a look at them.
Many Colourful Dots
There have been over 1100 earthquakes since the 東北地方太平洋沖地震 (North Eastern Japan and Pacific Ocean Big earthquake) at the point of writing this. (It may be up to 1106 or 7 by now) or more. Here are all the ones that were over 6.0 (44 in total).
Posted by Unknown at 12:05 AM No comments:
Labels: 2011, earthquake, Living in Japan, WTF
Over the hills and far away…
Long drive 2 of this year. It was mind-blowingly good. Intense and Hectic, But good. We started up Mt.Haruna and were greeted by the perfect driving weather, clear blue skies and warm sun (while the windows were closed anyway) and perfect visibility. We stopped off at the primary lookout point on the main touge and were stupefied at Just how far we could see. I have never been up there during the day when it was that clear… And I have been up there many many times.
Posted by Unknown at 2:48 PM No comments:
Labels: 2011, Drive, epic win, Haruna, Lake Haruna, Living in Japan, my car, Nagano, Nature, panorama, photography, pride, skies, Usui
Shots #49 CRRRRRRRUNCH!
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1. Speech Outline: How to Create an Impressive Edge
2. Tip Sheet: 10 Inexpensive Ways to Update Your Look for $100 or Less
3. Article: Add Some Edge to Impress
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Why use a pen? Shouldn't you be able to afford a computer to write/type your stories? What the hell is wrong with you? You do know this is the 21st Century?
Let me answer some of these questions. Yes, I own a computer, I am using it to write this blog. I don't think anything is wrong with me, well O.K. there are many things wrong with me, but none that deal with using a pen to write out stories before transcribing them into bits and bytes. Is it really the 21st Century? It sometimes does not feel like it, we should have much cooler technology by now. Why hasn't the Government figured out the anti-gravity technology that they captured from the aliens in Roswell? There should be a colony on the moon by now (Space 1999 anyone?).
To answer the first question: Why use a pen? That is the big question. There has been research that people who write things in longhand remember the text better (Lifehacker: Why You Learn More Effectively by Writing Than Typing), which is true for me, but when writing a story, do I really need to remember it? If I was to write on the computer, a copy would be saved, so I could reread it if I forget where I was in the story.
So why do I use a pen?
- It's an old school, thing, I grew up doing it that way, and back in High School I used a typewriter to get it looking nice on a piece of paper.
- If I get stuck for a minute or two I can create a doodle on paper while thinking about what comes next. On the computer I am more likely to open a web browser and waste an hour or so reading news and opinion sites.
- I can write longer when using a pen and paper than when using a computer. After typing on the computer for a while the glowing light begins to hurt my eyes and I have to stop. My pen and paper do not and I can write for a much longer time.
- I can easily carry around my pen and notepad, carrying around a laptop is more of a pain and I worry more about it going missing and losing all of my work.


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A good first step before filing for bankruptcy is to know who you owe. One of the services I offer to my clients is pulling a credit report from all three credit reporting agencies. From there we can determine exactly how much you owe, who you owe and then look at the goals you want to accomplish with those creditors.


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We live in a diverse community containing individuals from different backgrounds and cultures. Endo looks to take advantage of this unique blend of ideas and values through our supplier diversity program. Endo's supplier diversity program aims to proactively identify capable diverse suppliers to establish a business relationship that is beneficial to both sides.
It is the policy of Endo International plc to offer small and diverse suppliers an opportunity to compete for our business. Endo will thoroughly review all opportunities to include Small and Diverse Business entities consistent with good procurement practices. We encourage all Small and Diverse Business concerns to make their status known by completing our Supplier Registration Profile found on the Supplier Registration page. This is an equal opportunity policy and does not discriminate towards race, gender, religion, national origin, color, personal affinity, physical ability and age.
Our program includes firms certified as Small Businesses meeting the criteria set forth by the Small Business Administration in accordance with 13CFR 121 and the applicable North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) size standard. Additionally, firms representing themselves as a certified HUBZone Business must be SBA-certified, and must be listed in the System for Award Management (SAM). The SBA certification will be required.
Endo welcomes all diverse suppliers with a particular focus on the following SBA classifications:
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