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The main advantage of web services is that they provide a standard means of interoperating between software applications running on a variety of platforms and frameworks, i.e., the underlying implementation can be done in any language (Java, PHP, C#, C++, ...). A consumer and a service provider will still be able to exchange data in a loosely coupled way using XML documents.
SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol) web services are said to be loosely coupled because the client doesn't have to know its implementation details. The communication between them happens by means of XML messages that rely on the SOAP specification which refers to the WSDL (Web Services Description Languages). The Web Service Description Language is the de facto standard to provide a description of a web service contract exposed to clients. If you want to use (consume) some SOAP based web services you must follow the rules described in its XML, the WSDL document, that describes a web service in terms of the operations that it provides, and the data types that each operation requires as input and can return in the form of results.
Creating a SOAP Web Service in WildFly 10 to validate a CPF
Open Eclipse IDE and create a New Maven Project. Give it the name SOAP_WS_ValidateCPF, select packaging as .war and Finish:
In the pom.xml add the dependency for JavaEE 8 API. It should be like this:
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
Although it's not mandatory, we will create an interface to represent our web service contract. It will have a method that receives a Pessoa as an argument and checks if its CPF field is valid by setting a flag in the field cpfValido, then returns that person to the consumer:
And the interface implementation ConsultCPFImpl. We turn that class into a web service just by adding the mandatory @WebService annotation, all others annotations are optional.
public interface ConsultaCPF {
public Pessoa consultarCPF( Pessoa pessoa);
The hypothetical validation rule just checks if the field is not null and has 11 characters, then validates if the last character is even. The meaning of the other annotations and its parameters are:
@WebService(targetNamespace="http://www.company.com/", serviceName="ConsultaCPFService")
public class ConsultaCPFImpl implements ConsultaCPF {
@WebResult(name = "pessoa")
public Pessoa consultarCPF( @WebParam(name = "pessoa") Pessoa pessoa) {
//business rules...
if(pessoa.getCpf() != null && pessoa.getCpf().length() == 11 ){
String cpf = pessoa.getCpf();
char ultimoDigito = cpf.charAt(cpf.length()-1);
int n = new Integer(ultimoDigito);
boolean par = n % 2 == 0;
return pessoa;
- @WebService(targetNameSpace="xyz"): declare the namespaces for WSDL elements generated by the web service
- @WebService(serviceName="name"): the name specified is used to generate the name attribute in the service element in the WSDL interface
- @WebMethod(): indicates that you want to expose this public method as web service
- @WebParam(): indicates the parameter name that should be exhibited in the WSDL
- @WebResult(): similar to @WebParam, it specifies the method param name in the WSDL
@XmlRootElement(name = "pessoa")
public class Pessoa {
@XmlAttribute(name = "nome")
private String nome;
@XmlAttribute(required = true)
private String cpf;
@XmlAttribute(name = "nascimento")
private Date nascimento;
@XmlAttribute(name = "cpfValido")
private boolean cpfValido;
//getters & setters...
That's all we need. Now right click on your project, go to properties, then project facets at the right panel, click the runtime tab in the right panel and choose wild fly:
Now right click on your project, choose run as, run on server... (you might need to clean and build your project or restart wildfly). Check WildFly log and look for this part confirming your web service is already published:
As a compliant JavaEE container, WildFly recognizes, by the @WebService annotation, that your project has web services and automatically creates and publishes the WSDL document. Open WildFly admin console (generally at port 9990), click Runtime tab and navigates through Standalone Server, Subsystems, Web Services and click in view:
Click on WSDL Url to see the generated WSDL XML document exposed representing your web service:
Invoking the Web Service
Since our web service is up and running, it is time to consume it. Make sure to not shutdown wildfly, otherwise the web service won't be accessible anymore.
Create a simple new Java project named SOAP_WS_ValidateCPF_Consumer. Create a class named Main with the main method. At this point, the new project doesn't know nothing about the ConsultaCPFService web service. Java has the utility wsimport under <JAVA_HOME>/bin folder to create the needed artifacts that allow some project to consume a specified web service.
Open your terminal command and go to the source folder of SOAP_WS_ValidateCPF_Consumer project (in my case /home/rafael/workspace/SOAP_WS_ValidateCPF_Consumer/src/) and execute the wsimport utility passing the WSDL Url as a parameter like the picture (you might need root privileges if you are in a Linux environment):
/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_144/bin/wsimport -keep -verbose http://localhost:8080/SOAP_WS_ValidateCPF-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT/ConsultaCPFService?wsdl
The wsimport utility imports all needed artifacts to invoke the web service. Refresh your project on eclipse and see that new packages were created in accord with WSDL contract at the URL passes as a parameter:
Now the Main class looks like:
package main;
import com.company.ConsultaCPF;
import com.company.ConsultaCPFService;
import com.ecommerce.ws.consulta_cpf.Pessoa;
public class Main {
//we can get a reference to web service by calling the method getConsultaCPFImplPort()
ConsultaCPF consultaCPF = new ConsultaCPFService().getConsultaCPFImplPort();
public static void main(String[] args) {
new Main();
public Main(){
Pessoa pessoa = new Pessoa();
Run the project. It will return true or false depending on the last digit of CPF field. This small standalone class has shown how it is possible to use SOAP-based services from the client-side perspective.
Now, shutdown wildfly and try to run the Main again. An exception is thrown because the service is not accessible anymore:
Exception in thread "main" javax.xml.ws.WebServiceException: Failed to access the WSDL at: http://localhost:8080/SOAP_WS_ValidateCPF-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT/ConsultaCPFService?wsdl. It failed with:
Connection refused (Connection refused).
at com.sun.xml.internal.ws.wsdl.parser.RuntimeWSDLParser.tryWithMex(RuntimeWSDLParser.java:250)
at com.sun.xml.internal.ws.wsdl.parser.RuntimeWSDLParser.parse(RuntimeWSDLParser.java:231)
at com.sun.xml.internal.ws.wsdl.parser.RuntimeWSDLParser.parse(RuntimeWSDLParser.java:194)
at com.sun.xml.internal.ws.wsdl.parser.RuntimeWSDLParser.parse(RuntimeWSDLParser.java:163)
at com.sun.xml.internal.ws.client.WSServiceDelegate.parseWSDL(WSServiceDelegate.java:348)
at com.sun.xml.internal.ws.client.WSServiceDelegate.<init>(WSServiceDelegate.java:306)
at com.sun.xml.internal.ws.client.WSServiceDelegate.<init>(WSServiceDelegate.java:215)
at com.sun.xml.internal.ws.client.WSServiceDelegate.<init>(WSServiceDelegate.java:196)
at com.sun.xml.internal.ws.client.WSServiceDelegate.<init>(WSServiceDelegate.java:192)
at com.sun.xml.internal.ws.spi.ProviderImpl.createServiceDelegate(ProviderImpl.java:104)
at javax.xml.ws.Service.<init>(Service.java:77)
at com.company.ConsultaCPFService.<init>(ConsultaCPFService.java:42)
at main.Main.<init>(Main.java:10)
at main.Main.main(Main.java:14)
GONCALVES, Antonio . Beginning Java EE 7 (Expert Voice in Java). 1. ed. New York: Apress, 2013. 608 p.
ĆMIL , Michal; MATLOKA, Michal ; MARCHIONI, Francesco . Java EE 7 Development with WildFly. 2. ed. Birmingham: Packt Publishing Ltd., 2013
JENDROCK, Eric et al. Java Platform, Enterprise Edition: The Java EE Tutorial Release 7. 1. ed. [S.l.]: Oracle, 2014. 980 p.


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You are currently browsing the tag archive for the 'Active Words' tag.
The thing that I found most striking in the third three chapters of this book was the quote from Buzz Bruggeman that read:
I immediately scan it, read it and figure out what to do, i.e. respond, comment, thank, forward to our team, etc.
When I respond to a blogger, he/she is thrilled, and typically writes more about us, and tells his/her readers that we are great people, responding to users and customers and the net leverages all the time. If there are user problems, we solve them quickly; on balance it is brilliant stuff.
My total involvement in this process once the query is done is almost zero. Probably weekly I check out Google news, Google newsgroups, but the Feedster stuff is vastly more important.
If you assume that bloggers really are "intelligent human agents", then this model is sensational as you don't have to go look for anyone or anything; it comes to you.
He is referring to Feedster, which serches for mentions of the program he created, "Active Words" and creates an RSS feed to his newsreader, and every half hour he can check what people are saying about his product. I find this amazing that it has become this easy to get customer feedback. Knowing what people think of your product can be so valuable. With the consumers input you can tweek your product to make it better and better. This is the kind of things companies pay big money to find out, and here it is for free.

subset: commoncrawl


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This July 31st is somewhat of a milestone day for geeks everywhere, since it is the birthday of the IBM Selectric typewriter, which turns 50. People might not actually use typewriters anymore, but the 50th anniversary of the IBM Selectric typewriter is worth celebrating because it is practically the forefather of the QWERTY keyboard that we use nowadays on everything from our PCs to our tablets. The Selectric was actually the basis for early computer terminals and it paved the way for QWERTY keyboards to emerge as the main way for users to interact with their computers, instead of interacting with just buttons and levers. Incidentally, the Selectric typewriter's birthday also coincides with IBM's Centennial year.
The United States Postal Service is celebrating the Selectric's typewriter's birthday by honoring the typewriter and putting it on a new postage stamp. This new series of stamp, called the Forever Stamps, honors the IBM Selectric typewriter, as an icon of design. But the stamp series also honors other staple electronics of the 20th century and their industrial designers. Some of the gadgets being honored include the Baby Brownie Kodak camera, the Patriot radio manufactured by Emerson Radio, the streamlined pencil sharpener, the table lamp, the electric clock, desk telephone, the sewing machine, and more.
Each stamp is accompanied by the name of one of the 12 iconic designers that designed them. The 12 designers being honored include Peter Müller-Munk, Frederick Hurten Rhead, Raymond Loewy, Donald Deskey, Walter Dorwin Teague, Henry Dreyfuss, Norman Bel Geddes, Dave Chapman, Greta von Nessen, Eliot Noyes, Russel Wright and Gilbert Rohde.


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Ways You Can Use A Pool Remodeling Service In Front Royal VA
Pool owners can have a lot of fun with their pools, but a Pool Remodeling Service Front Royal VA can make things even more exciting. Understand that pool remodeling doesn't all have to be done at once. If a pool owner is on a budget, they can get remodeling done one step at a time. It might take several pool seasons before a pool owner completes all the remodeling that they want. Working with the same service can help to keep things consistent.
So which specific ideas can a pool owner use Al Shirley & Son Inc or another Pool Remodeling Service Front Royal VA for? Most pool owners know that when temperatures get extremely hot, their metal handrails can be very uncomfortable to touch. This can be a real problem for those who have trouble getting in and out of their pools without assistance. As such, remodeling handrails might be the first thing some individuals might want to start with. Powder-coated rails can remain cool even when temperatures outside are sweltering. Quality powder-coated rails can be purchased and installed for well under $1,000.
There are many more upgrades that pool owners can consider getting from a Pool Remodeling Service in Front Royal VA. Adding a new pump can help in some cases. If a pump is old, it might not be that efficient and can be very noisy. The noise might disturb pool owners if the pool is extremely close to the home. Since new pool pumps can be very efficient, they usually pay for themselves in energy savings very quickly. LED lights are catching on with many individuals who own pools. Along with being more efficient with energy than conventional lighting, they also can be easily modified on the fly. Colors can be changed to match themes. Some pools have LED lighting on the bottom, sides, and the deck area.
Since entertaining poolside isn't uncommon, some property owners are adding kitchens and even fire pits. Bars can also be added to pools so that guests can be entertained with adult beverages. There are just so many ways that pools can be upgraded. Fortunately, a number of upgrades that add both value and functionality aren't that expensive.


text:
By Record Searchlight staff
Originally published 11:00 a.m., December 21, 2007
Updated 11:01 a.m., December 21, 2007
Workers on contract with the state Department of Transportation this morning took down a 3-foot black plastic cone that for 35 days blocked a pair of bald eagles from their nest in downtown Redding.
The cone was wired to the nest on Nov. 16 in an attempt to get the eagles to move to another nest because their old one will be 100 feet away from construction on the Highway 44 Sacramento River bridge slated to start this spring.
The eagles didnt take the hint to move from the area even after workers pulled down sticks the birds placed in an effort to build a new nest about ten feet from the old one. Caltrans began getting calls from the public asking that the cone be removed and agency officials decided Wednesday to do so.
Gathering to watch the cone come down, people who had opposed it popped a bottle of Champagne once it was removed.
A toast to the power of the people, babe, said Terri Lhuillier, who helped lead the effort to remove the cone.
Reference Link: http://www.redding.com/news/2007/dec/21/eagles-clear-landing/


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Best in Travel: The Tourist Trail, Traveling with Kids, and Gambia Project
Every Wednesday, we round up the best of the online travel media and feature it here on Best in Travel.
To join in the fun, follow us on on Twitter @WildJunket and tag your favorite stories with #WJmag. We'll bring the best stories to your screen.
This week's picks:
- Books to inspire: a selection of
the best travel books set around the world, for armchair travelers and jet-setters from Conde Nast – @CNTraveller
- Tourist vs traveler? Here's a thought-provoking piece in defense of the tourist trail by Jess Lee – @LonelyPlanet
- Are you thinking of going abroad to study a language? Discover 10 of the best places to do pick up a foreign language – @TouristEye
- For those who travel as a family, learn some tips from experts on how to fly with kids – @yTravelBlog
- See how you can explore Gambia and help do your part for the local villages with the Light Up A Village project – @BaldHiker
Do you have interesting travel stories to share? Find us on Twitter @WildJunket and tag your favorite stories with #WJmag. We'll pick the best and feature them here, stay tuned for our updates every Wednesday.


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In a few days I'll have HVAC repair in NYC done because my air conditioner hasn't been making any cool air. Anything that comes out is just room temperature, which is already pretty warm. Until that day, I'll just have to take the heat and use whatever I can to keep myself cool. I've put ice packs in the freezer and turned on every fan I have. I've even been going down to the local swimming pool and soaking in the water to cool off. I'm not that great of a swimmer, but I can do some basic strokes to get around.
One of my friends came up with a creative way of keeping cool without the need for air conditioner. He took a plastic garbage can and put some holes in it. Then he took some sponges and stacked them inside of the can. He placed a pump inside the can with the sponges and filled it up just enough to cover the sponges but not to run over the holes. The contraption is supposed to use cool water to make the air cooler. It seems a lot more complicated than something like a fan, but if it works for him, I can't judge.
I thought about putting some ice in a chest and having a fan blow air over that to cool me off, but doing something like that would require a steady stream of ice. I don't really have a lot of room in my freezer to store a lot of ice, and I don't have the patience to wait for some to be made each time I want to cool off. If I had access to some freon, I could try making something useful, but for now I'll just stick with the pool until the repair job is done.


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2016 Volkswagen Passat 1.8T S
Our Price $10,990
*This calculator is for informational use only and is based on the information you provide. Actual loan amounts and payments will vary based on additional items such as taxes and fees as well as the actual interest rate available to you from a financial institution.
- Exterior
- Pure White
- Interior
- Black Cloth
- Engine
- Engine: 1.8L TSI 170 HP Turbocharged 4-Cylinder
- Transmission
- Automatic
- Drivetrain
- Front wheel drive
- Mileage
- 24,057
- City / Hwy
- 25 / 38
*Actual rating will vary with options, driving conditions, habits and vehicle condition.
- Warranty
- Factory Warranty Remaining
Please Call or Text Matt: 848-333-7941
2016 Volkswagen Passat 1.8 S
Check Out the Condition - 50+ Pics !!
1-Owner Vehicle - Just Off Lease
Excellent 38-MPG Fuel Economy
Existing Volkswagen Factory Warranty
Pure White / Black Color Combo
Call or Text Matt: 848-333-7941
Standard Equipment
- Window Grid Diversity Antenna
- Valet Function
- Urethane Gear Shift Knob
- Streaming Audio
- Seats w/Cloth Back Material
- Remote Releases -Inc: Power Cargo Access
- Redundant Digital Speedometer
- Rear Cupholder
- Power Fuel Flap Locking Type
- Outside Temp Gauge
- Manual Tilt/Telescoping Steering Column
- Manual Adjustable Front Head Restraints and Manual Adjustable Rear Head Restraints
- Locking Glove Box
- Interior Trim -inc: Metal-Look Instrument Panel Insert, Metal-Look Door Panel Insert, Metal-Look Console Insert and Chrome/Metal-Look Interior Accents
- Instrument Panel Covered Bin, Driver / Passenger And Rear Door Bins
- Immobilizer III Engine Immobilizer
- HVAC -inc: Underseat Ducts
- Full Floor Console w/Covered Storage, Mini Overhead Console w/Storage and 3 12V DC Power Outlets
- Full Cloth Headliner
- Full Carpet Floor Covering
- Front Cupholder
- Front Center Armrest and Rear Center Armrest w/Storage
- Front Bucket Seats -inc: manually adjustable front seats w/manual lumbar support
- FOB Controls -inc: Trunk/Hatch/Tailgate
- Fade-To-Off Interior Lighting
- Dual Zone Front Automatic Air Conditioning
- Driver Foot Rest
- Driver And Passenger Visor Vanity Mirrors
- Delayed Accessory Power
- Day-Night Rearview Mirror
- Cruise Control w/Steering Wheel Controls
- Compass
- Cloth Seating Surfaces
- Cloth Door Trim Insert
- Carpet Floor Trim
- Cargo Space Lights
- Audio Theft Deterrent
- Analog Display
- Air Filtration
- 60-40 Folding Bench Front Facing Fold Forward Seatback Rear Seat
- 6-Way Driver Seat
- 4-Way Passenger Seat -inc: Manual Recline, Fore/Aft Movement and Manual Lumbar Support
- 3 12V DC Power Outlets
- 1 LCD Monitor In The Front
- Wheels: 16" Carolina Alloy
- Wheels w/Silver Accents
- Variable Intermittent Wipers
- Trunk Rear Cargo Access
- Tires: P215/60R16 AS
- Steel Spare Wheel
- Perimeter/Approach Lights
- Light Tinted Glass
- Fully Galvanized Steel Panels
- Fixed Rear Window w/Defroster
- Compact Spare Tire Mounted Inside Under Cargo
- Clearcoat Paint
- Body-Colored Rear Bumper
- Body-Colored Power Side Mirrors w/Manual Folding and Turn Signal Indicator
- Body-Colored Front Bumper
- Body-Colored Door Handles
- Black Side Windows Trim
- Black Grille w/Chrome Accents
- Side Impact Beams
- Rear Child Safety Locks
- Outboard Front Lap And Shoulder Safety Belts -inc: Rear Center 3 Point, Height Adjusters and Pretensioners
- Low Tire Pressure Warning
- Dual Stage Driver And Passenger Seat-Mounted Side Airbags
- Dual Stage Driver And Passenger Front Airbags
- Curtain 1st And 2nd Row Airbags
- Back-Up Camera
- Airbag Occupancy Sensor
- Strut Front Suspension w/Coil Springs
- Single Stainless Steel Exhaust
- Multi-Link Rear Suspension w/Coil Springs
- Gas-Pressurized Shock Absorbers
- Front-Wheel Drive
- Front And Rear Anti-Roll Bars
- Engine: 1.8L TSI 170 HP Turbocharged 4-Cylinder
- Engine Oil Cooler
- Electric Power-Assist Speed-Sensing Steering
- 61-Amp/Hr 330CCA Maintenance-Free Battery w/Run Down Protection
- 4-Wheel Disc Brakes w/4-Wheel ABS, Front Vented Discs, Brake Assist and Hill Hold Control
- 3.87 Axle Ratio
- 18.5 Gal. Fuel Tank
- 140 Amp Alternator
Option Packages
Factory Installed Packages
- PURE WHITE Included
- TITAN BLACK, CLOTH SEATING SURFACES Included
All price(s) include(s) all costs to be paid by consumer with exception of registration, motor vehicle fees and sales tax.
It is the customer's sole responsibility to verify the existence and condition of any equipment listed. Neither the dealership nor AutoRevo is responsible for misprints on prices or equipment. It is the customer's sole responsibility to verify the accuracy of the prices with the dealer. Pricing subject to change without notice.


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LOS ANGELES, CA: DigitalFilm Tree, an award-winning post production and software development company, is pleased to announce that Rick Dalby has come on board as a Senior Colorist. He has already began working on the hit show "Roseanne" as well as TBS' "Wrecked." Additionally, he is collaborating on "NCIS: LA and "Angie Tribeca."
Dalby comes to DigitalFilm Tree from NBCUniversal with prior tenure at Modern VideoFilm and Laser Pacific. He has served as final colorist for such iconic shows as "Cheers," "The Wonder Years," "Friends," "Everybody Loves Raymond," "Parenthood" and "Friday Night Lights," for which he was nominated for an HPA Award for Outstanding Color Grading – Television.
"We are thrilled that Rick has joined our team," says Ramy Katrib, CEO/Founder of DFT. "He is one of the top colorists in the industry and continues to build amazing relationships with DPs and producers through his outstanding creative work."
"I enjoy working at DFT because it's a boutique facility and our team is very collaborative," says Dalby of his move to DigitalFilm Tree. "I also like that we are a beta test site for Black Magic Design's DaVinci Resolve, so I actually get to test out new builds and give feedback."
DigitalFilm Tree is an award-winning post production and software development company. Over 17 years ago, DFT was the first to pioneer file-based workflows on projects like Cold Mountain and Scrubs. Today DFT is the leading provider of cloud-based post services and software solutions in media and entertainment. DFT champions a multidisciplinary environment of world-class creative and technical talent, working hand in hand to provide clients like ABC, A&E, CBS, HBO, Fox, Netflix, Turner, and Warner Bros. an unparalleled user experience.
For more information please visit: www.digitalfilmtree.com


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Situated in the high desert of New Mexico is the Albuquerque. As New Mexico's largest city, it offers a unique experience dating back to the founding of the city as a Spanish Colony in 1706. Filled with adobe buildings that are historic, the region boasts San Felipe de Neri Church as well as 5 museums and many shops that sell Native American handicrafts. It also has the Indian Pueblo Cultural Center that helps to trace the history of the region back to the tribal era.
Our moving labor services understand that you need help in your next move. No job is too large or too small. Our goal is to give you help moving and offer you plenty of moving labor so that your task is easy.
We offer loading and unloading services as well as other services that moving companies offer. We hire top notch professionals that understand how important it is to handle your precious belongings as if they were their own.
All of our employees undergo extensive training in moving labor help. If you're in search of a professional company that charges reasonable prices, you've come to the right place. There's no need to go anywhere else.
We know the area well and well get your things to your new location in record time. We'll unload and help you to get what needs to be in each room in the room it belongs in.
Our moving labor help has been in business for many years and we offer you quality services at rock bottom prices. If you're looking for a professional mover to help you in your next move we're here.
We look forward to helping you and serving you. Give us a call and let us show you what we can do for you. Our friendly staff is waiting to hear from you and you'll appreciate how much we care.
We can give you an estimate based on the size of your current location and how far your next location is. Whether you're moving across the street or across town, our helpers have got you covered.
You've got enough to do preparing to move with just signing your new lease or mortgage, let us do the heavy lifting and be your moving labor help. That's what we're here for. Give us a call today and let's get you an estimate for your next move.


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Album Rating: 4.0 | Sound OffI like this better than you do, I like that renegade message he has going on, and Pharoahe has always been one of the MCs that impress me the most.
You didn't mention Black Hand Side, I love that song, Phonte does a really great job on it.
Good review.
Album Rating: 3.5One single mistake that I found:
in fact it comes off as nothing more than a pointless pot shot at anyone who soul their soul for a little pop inclination.
Album Rating: 3.0 | Sound Offyeah i was gonna say, internal affairs is definitely his best!
this whole thing is underwhelming. let my people go is such a terrible song. here are the tracks i can listen to:
Calculated Amalgamation
Haile Salassie Karate
Grand Illusion
The rest is really mediocre.
Yeah, Let My People Go is annoying. As is Shine.
Digging: Cut Copy - I Thought Of Numbers
This is boring.
One review a day, turbo.
Album Rating: 3.5I agree about Shine, but Let My People Go along with the title track and Grand Illusion are the best tracks on here. Good, if a tad disappointing album.
Digging: Paradise Lost - Obsidian
I mean, nice review. I still need to get this.
put down the speed Jason, one review per day.
(I know that you know that, I'm just being ultra-hilarious)
ok dev, so you are right about the rating, but I'm still not happy about it
The second 'Halie Selassie' titled song this year... interesting.
negros, blacks, niggers.
Well I re-listened to his older stuff, and while this is pretty damn good, it's not as good as the others.
Album Rating: 4.0 | Sound OffI think this is about on par with Desire. A little disappointing, but still a pretty good album.
I love the production on Desire and the flow/lyrics on Affairs
Album Rating: 4.0 | Sound OffI think overall the production here is a little worse than Desire, while the lyrics are a little better, but it trails in both categories compared to IA.
Album Rating: 3.0 | Sound OffInternal Affairs is incredible
Does Monch ever get to Bring it On level flow on his solo stuff? I've been meaning to get Internal Affairs for a year or two now...
Album Rating: 4.0 | Sound OffIA's definitely the next best thing to OK.
IA is just about as good as OK - Stress:
Bands: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z


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Best Content Management System for PHP
There is always one question has arisen ,which one is the Best content management system for PHP?
Only one answer I got ,WordPress. It is one of the best CMS for PHP.
The Content Management System is an application that allows organizing, publishing, editing, managing and creating a website easily. A CMS application is used for storage and retrieval of information from a huge volume of data, this information may be in the form of documents, spreadsheet, and image, audio and video files.
WordPress: WordPress is the best cms for PHP, it is an open source content management system built in PHP and MySQL, it was discovered by Matt Mullenweg and mikes little on 27 may 2003.it is one of the most popular CMS till now. WordPress user can easily change the look and functionality of their website without causing any harm to the structure and content of the website. Moreover, they can easily install and switch themes. Plugins helps to user to extend functionality of their WordPress website.
Features of WordPress:
- Responsive Design.
- Auto Upgrade and Support.
- Social Sharing Features.
- Theme Customization.
- Lots of Widgets.
- SEO friendly.
- Standards Compliant Coding.
Here is list of other Content management systems for PHP
It is also open source content management system released on 17 August 2005 by the Joomla project team. Joomla is built in PHP, uses object oriented programming techniques and mysql for storing data. It is a most popular cms next to WordPress.
Drupal is released in January 2001 by Belgian software programmer, standard release of Drupal known as Drupal core. It uses Microsoft SQL server, Oracle and MySQL database for storing data.
It is developed by Insane Visions on 21 September 2011. AdaptCMS is an open source content management system. It also has cache features, custom fields, custom relations , update features RSS and page module also.
PHP Fusion
It is developed by Nick Jones, its first version was released in 2003
Features of PHP fusion, Articles, Forums, Photography, shout box, Themes, News, and Polls.


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Green Occupation:
11-3071.02 - Storage and Distribution Managers
Green occupations will likely change as a result of the green economy. Green economy activities and technologies are increasing the demand for occupations, shaping the work and worker requirements needed for occupational performance, or generating new and emerging occupations.
This is a Green Enhanced Skills occupation — green economy activities and technologies are likely to cause significant change to the work and worker requirements. New tasks, skills, knowledge, credentials may be needed. Employment demand remains the same, but there is potential for an increase.
Storage and distribution managers work in the following green economy sectors:
- Renewable Energy Generation — This sector covers activities related to developing and using energy sources such as solar, wind, geothermal, and biomass. This sector also includes traditional, non-renewable sources of energy undergoing significant green technological changes (e.g., oil, coal, gas, and nuclear).
They perform these tasks important to the green economy:
- Develop or implement plans for storage and distribution activities that emphasize technological solutions for sustainability, such as investment in smart or eco-friendly containers, dynamic distribution networks, warehouse renovations, or fuel efficient fleets.
- Develop storage and distribution models that include factors such as warehouse locations, customer locations, or available transportation modes to maximize operational efficiency or sustainability.
- Evaluate contractors or business partners for operational efficiency or safety or environmental performance records.
- Evaluate the environmental implications of new warehouses or distribution networks.
- Identify and implement carbon minimization activities to offset carbon emissions, such as by planting trees, purchasing carbon credits, or purchasing green technologies, such as air filtration or alternative energy vehicles or power.
- Plan or implement environmental training programs and activities.
- Select modes of transportation for the distribution of goods that minimize pollution, such as carbon output or other environmental impacts.


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Great Western Intercity Express IEP – West Coast Main Line High Speed Services
New high speed Intercity trains delivering fast, comfortable, and efficient services on Western UK & West Coast rail routes.
GWR's name for their fleet of Hitachi Super Express trains is a straightforward one – the trains are simply known as the GWR Intercity Express.
The name is of course slightly less original than Virgin's East Coast fleet – known as the Azuma – but is of course straight and to the point!
Promising fast and efficient Intercity Express services on some GWR routes from October 2017 with a number of others to follow – and with plenty of comfort for travel weary commuters – the 93 ten carriage trains will run out of the London superhub station at Paddington to the West Country and through towns and cities such as Bristol, Reading, Oxford, Newbury, and the major welsh destinations of Cardif and Swansea.
From Summer 2018 services will increase to handle the West Country routes – reaching as far as Penzance and inluding various important towns and cities along the coast into Devon and Cornwall.
The trains – named after famous West Country historical figures – are expected to bring about a number of improvements in journey times and available capacity.
When they are all in service – and electrification of the parts of tracks which are due to be electrified is complete – the Great Western fleet will deliver three million extra seats a year on its trains.
That equates to an additional 7,900 more at peak times at 652 seats per journey in and out of London than there were in 2016. An incrrease in capacity of around 24%.
The full fleet will eventually number some 93 trains, consisting of 58 five-car and 35 nine-car and with 36 of those specially built to run efficiently on West Country tracks. All should be in service by the end of 2019.
Replacing The Inter-City 125
The new Express trains are designed to take over from the ageing Inter-City 125 fleet – one which has served travellers well for over 40 years since its launch on October 4th 1976 .
For rail tevellers at that time, the diesel powered HST was a revelation and contributed to hugely reduced journey times between London and major Western region locations, plus set new standards of comfort in rail travel.
The IEP offers a direct replacement. It has a tough act to follow, but all indications are that the new Hitachi-built express trains will deliver equally excellent services.
IET Intercity Express – Press Announcements
Following the first scheduled journey on Oct 16th 2017 there was naturally huge press and passenger interest. Here's a selection of views and official press announcements:
Latest News
October 16th 2017 – First Scheduled GWR IEP Enters Stage With A Less Than Perfect Start
With a start that probably won't have overly pleased GWR, Tues Oct 16th saw a run from Bristol to London of the first fare paying passenger service using a Class 800.
With reports of some overcrowding and an unlucky incident with a busted/leaking AC unit that caused some seats to be roped off, plus a delayed departure and arrival in London, you could say that the new Intercity Express made an entrance that draws parallels with a certain political party conference.
The good news? It's very early days and clearly it would be daft to get too worked up about one less than ideal run – there's plenty of time – and lots of future journeys – for the GWR IEP to prove itself.
In fact, within a few days the technical problems encountered were resolved and by Friday 20th October services were running with the 6am departure from Bristol to Paddington and the 7am from Paddington to south Wales.
Tickets For GWR Intercity Express Services
Now the new GWR scheduled Intercity services are running you'll have a the same choice of where to buy tickets as you do now on any high speed routes. Clearly you won't be able to buy tickets to ride the IEP Intercity Express to West Country destinations until the first of the new trains are running in 2018, but for journeys between London and Bristol and onwards to Wales at least you'll get an early chance to find out what all the noise is about.
When the full compliment of stations and stops are covered, you'll be able to get any info on tickets and fares right here.
For now though if you're looking to ride the Class 800 series IEPs you can either go to the GWR booking page or use any one of a number of ticket reseller websites like TheTrainline.
Intercity Express Western UK Routes
The highly popular train routes radiating out from London to the western regions of the UK attract high volumes of passengers, with the introduction of the GWR Intercity Express IEP services being eagerly awaited by rail travellers.
These busy Western routes stretch outwards from London across the Thames Valley to Oxford, Worcestershire, the Cotswolds, South Wales, the West and South West.
From its starting point at Paddington, the GWR trains run to towns and cities like Reading, Oxford, Swindon, and Bristol and onwards to either Wales destinations like Cardiff and Swansea or towards West Country locations in Devon and Cornwall.
Towns like Cheltenham, Swindon, and Bath are also on the IEP routes to the West, while Exteter, Plymouth, and Penzance are covered in the South Western UK.
The new IEP Hitachi-made IET Intercity Express trains are due to be introduced on Great Western routes between Paddington and Bristol in 2017, a year before the Virgin Azuma Intercity Express sees its first scheduled runs up and down the East Coast Main Line.
It won't be until 2018 before the trains are seen on scheduled services at Welsh stations and those in the West Country, and there are expected to be significant enhancements to the volume of trains running on some routes by the time that all the new trains are running in the latter part of the year.
Intercity Express Timetables & Introductions
Now the first trains are operating normally on London Paddington to Bristol and Wales routes, your first port of call for current train times should be the current GWR timetables.
When all services are running on newly introduced IEPs in late 2018/early 2019 the timetables are likely to look significantly different than they are now, with the full benefits realised.
December 2017 is planned for introduction of Taunton and Hereford services via Oxford
June 2018 will see Cheltenham Spa added to IEP routes
December 2018 should see all GWR trains in service with a Monday-Friday hourly service from London running non-stop between Reading and Taunton
For Wales, from December 2018 the standard off-peak pattern to and from South Wales will be 2 trains per hour to South Wales via Bristol Parkway, with onward extensions to and from Carmarthen in certain hours. For peak times these services increase to three.
In the Thames Valley, the new trains will allow for more frequent, faster journeys, including peak trains from Oxford and Newbury, and additional services from Swindon to and from Didcot. Travellers in Bristol will find an increased capacity and more frequent trains on peak-time services, as will those travelling between Swindon and Gloucester."
Latest IET Timetable Announcements
Monday to Friday from 13th November
0633 Bristol to Paddington
0645 Paddington to Swansea 0845 Paddington to Swansea 1415 Paddington to Swansea
1029 Swansea to Paddington 1229 Swansea to Paddington
1730 Paddington to Bristol 1930 Paddington to Bristol.
2234 Bristol to Paddington
1656 Cardiff to Paddington
SATURDAYS from 18th November, 2017
0645 Bristol to Swansea, 0929 Swansea to Paddington, 1330 Paddington to Bristol, 1600 Bristol to Paddington, 2000 Paddington to Bristol, 0800 Paddington to Bristol, 1000 Bristol to Paddington, 1230 Paddington to Bristol, 1500 Bristol to Paddington, 1730 Paddington to Weston-super-Mare, 2010 Weston-super-Mare to Paddington
SUNDAYS from 19th November, 2017
0948 Bristol to Paddington, 1237 Paddington to Swansea, 1651 Swansea to Paddington.
2003 Paddington to Weston- super-Mare
When details of any new train timings are released they'll be reported here, broken down into peak time and off peak. We'll aim to build a comprehensive picture of services through all the stations out from London and out towards Western and South Western regions of the UK.
Inside The Intercity Express & Ride Quality
Early reports from travellers riding some of initial scheduled journeys suggest the GWR IEP's have started life with fairly basic interiors.
They're spotlessly clean of course, and have a modern feel with indirect white lighting positioned along the length of the ceiling. Information displays are easy to read with large, clear letters.
Seating is 2+1 in first class (6-8) and 2+2 in standard class (5,9), with a mix of tables and front-to-back seats. Windows have pull-down blinds. Power sockets can be found between the seats with free Wi-Fi available, and seats have arm rests although they're on the narrow side at 33mm.
There's no lack of space overall although some may be finding the seats a little firm. The luggage rack situated above the seats is sufficiently deep to handle smaller sized suitcases. Toilets have large, clearly-marked locking handles, positioned right next to the close button.
Aside from this there's been very little focus on what the interiors look like, with attention more centred on ride quality. An important factor of this will be focussed on changeover from electric to diesel power, with early reports suggesting this is almost imperceptible other than noticing a drop in speed. It's definitely more noisy at slow speeds and approaching stops under diesel power though, and this will be noticeable to passengers who used the older 125's regularly..
Acceleration is smooth and powerful under diesel power, although the top speed in this mode is around 115 mph. That's short of the 125mph under electric power.
As the trains start more regular scheduled services we'll be able to report more conclusively on interior specifications, though clearly the original interior specifications give a good idea on what you're likely to see.
Catering facilities will be confirmed as soon as scheduled services are introduced, but early indications are that there will be no buffet cars and a trolley service will be offered.
Journey Times
The new Intercity Express is classified as an HST/High Speed Train, but so were its predecessors and there are track limitations to how fast a train can run. All of which means you'll not be seeing wildly different journey times than before.
Clearly there will definitely be reductions in trip times on some routes overall though, with a good example being the 14 minutes faster journey between London and South Wales. The new peak time services between these destinations due to start in 2019 – which bypass some current stops and may see stops at just a few stations like Cardiff, Newport, and Bristol Parkway before arriving at Paddington – will obviously be faster.
Ultimately this should lead to expected time savings over the older trains of:
London Paddington to Bristol Temple Meads – up to 17 minutes
London Paddington to Swansea – up to 14 minutes
London Paddington to Cheltenham Spa – up to 12 minutes
London Paddington to Hereford via Oxford – up to 10 minutes
London to Penzance – up to 14 minutes
Faster services will of course be well-received, although increased reliability, comfort, and more capacity are all likely to have more of an impact on commuter satisfaction.
Train Classifications
When fully in service, GWR's Intercity Express fleet will ultimately be made up of two differently powered trains:
GWR has 36 five-car Class 800/0s, 21 nine-car Class 800/3s, on order, with the '800/0s' the first to enter traffic. Driver training has been carried out, with the first GWR drivers now passed to operate the trains.
Class 800
The Class 800 is a diesel-electric hybrid. This means it can run on either type of power – giving capability to run under electric power on the sections of track between London and Bristol, and changing to diesel power for onward journeys into South Wales.
GWR will run 36 five car Class 800/0s and 21 nine car Class 800/3s.
- Class 802 (also known as AT300)
The Class 802 fleet is made up of 22 five-car Class 802/0s and 14 nine-car Class 802/1s.
The Class 802 is also a dual-powered version which has a lot of similarity with the 800 but with on or two added extras :
1. Higher engine operating power of 700 kW (940 hp) per engine as opposed to 560 kW (750 hp)
2. Bigger fuel tanks
3. Design that prevents salt water damage by placing brake resistors on raised platforms on the roof
These enhancements are designed to help the trains handle the difficult streches of track in Devon and Cornwall – specifically to overcome gradients, enable the trains to complete their journeys on long sections of unelectrified track, and prevent salt water damage where trains have previously seen damage from sea spray.
Using pre-manufactured shells built by Hitachi at their main Japanese manufacturing facility, they are then completing the builds of the 802 models at their plant in Pistoia, Italy.
The Class 802 has also been ordered by First Hull Trains and First Transpennine Express.
Benefits & Improvements
The new trains are replacing older high speed fleets, and in addition to offering more seating capacity also bring a number of other improvements to the passenger experience:
Faster Journey Times
With faster acceleration capability, Hitachi's new trains are able to pick up speed faster and hence reduce journey times. They're able to reach the maximum 125mph in around 4 minutes and 30 seconds, shaving about 40 seconds off the current acceleration capability. It's anticipated that the new trains should save passengers around six minutes on Paddington to Exeter and Plymouth runs, with journeys to Penzance seeing around a 14 minute drop.
Passenger Comfort
We've seen the improvements made in leg room in aircraft over recent years, and the IEP has been designed with similar principles in mind. The specifications of carriages include specially designed seating along with better leg room intended to improve the level of comfort for passengers, generally more space, better and more reliable air in all areas, window blinds throughout, and first class has tables at all seats.
Facilities & Travel Features
Luggage handling capability is well covered with plenty of room available, adequate space for bikes, and glass bottomed luggage racks that make it easier to spot your own stuff. Broadband coverage for Wifi access is expected to be of high quality. There's also the prospect of a new traffic-light reservation system designed to make bookings easier.
Lower fuel emissions will ensure there's significantly less negative environmental impact.
Less Delays
Increased reliability overall will lead to a reduction in delays. This may be particularly noticeable for those Devon and Cornwall passengers who will have seen issues in the past caused by salt water damage to train braking systems.
Quieter Rides
Electric trains make less noise, resulting in less noise during journeys for passengers and less noise disturbance for those outside the trains.
The new GWR Intercity Express trains are faster, more comfortable, and there's much more chance of getting a seat.
So what can go wrong?
Nothing's ever completely perfect is it!
Will the trolley food service be good enough on long journeys?
Have all the platform lengthening requirements been fully identified and completed?
Will the new services attract even more travellers, eventually exceeding the space available?
Will it all have been worth the cost?
We should be able to get the answers to these questions now the first IEPs are running and as services are increased throughout late 2017 and 2018. Those answers should give a good pointer to any likely problems that Virgin will face on the East Coast Main Line as their Azuma IEPs are introduced in 2018.
One of the big deals about the GWR IET's is around their ability to run under electric power.
But of course that's only good for those sections of track that have undergone electrification, and as of late 2017 the full intended work on electrification hasn't yet been completed.
On some tracks it's not intended to be, and possiby never will. Hence one of the main reasons why bi-mode powered trains are needed.
As of October 2017 the GWR Intercity Express trains are only able to run under electric power between London Paddington and Maidenhead. That's around 39km.
Network Rail state that the next section between Maidenhead, Reading and Didcot (totalling arond 47km) should be completed by January 2018, and the onward sections to Bristol Parkway and Cardif in late 2018. Reading to Newbury is also planned for December 2018. Network Rail have a whole section on their website dedicated to explaining the GWML electrification programme.
Depots for the GWR fleet have been built at Swansea Maliphant Sidings, Filton triangle/Stoke Gifford (Bristol), and the North Pole depot in West London.
To illustrate the benefits that GWR and Hitachi see as deliverables of the new Super Express trains, here are a few quotes made in the lead up to their introduction on GWR intercity routes…..
Mark Hopwood, Managing Director of GWR….
'marks another significant step towards delivering new trains, more seats, more frequent services and quicker journeys; and a step change in passenger experience on the Great Western. It is great to see work on the fleet for Devon and Cornwall progress.'
'our new trains are going to deliver reliability that is at least three or four times that of the current stock'
Karen Boswell, Managing Director of Hitachi Rail Europe….
'Introducing a new bullet train inspired fleet to run along iconic stretches of British railway will be a truly historic moment.
'These new trains will transform passenger experiences, offering a truly 21st century experience with more seats and on-board technology. Additional luggage space and a smoother ride will increase comfort for longer journeys connecting distant parts of the country.'
GWR provide services to rail travellers on some of the most travelled routes in the UK. They're under pressure to deliver to those travellers a strong, efficient, comfortable, value for money service.
They already have a good reputation, and one which the new GWR Intercity Express is expected to enhance.
If the new train is the hits the heights of success anticipated, GWR look set for a long a fruitful period of stable high speed train services for commuters between London, Wales, and the West Country.


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Period vampire-mermaid horror-musical The Lure (2016) follows two mermaid sisters, Silver (Marta Mazurek) and Golden (Michalina Olszanska), who come out of the water to sing and dance at an 80s underground Warsaw club. The film's unusual mixture of styles and genres yields a deeply strange and original retelling of an old legend – the tale of the mermaid who ventures onto land and falls in love with a human man. For her innovative vision in re-interpretating the mermaid story, director Agnieszka Smoczyńska won Sundance 2016's World Cinema Dramatic Special Jury Award for Unique Vision and Design.
But Smoczyńska's original idea for The Lure did not involve mermaids at all. Her first inspiration was the environment of the underground singing and dancing club where Silver and Golden get jobs as performers, a huge part of the Polish culture in the 80s. "In the time of Communism under the Iron Curtain, poor people could come to a restaurant, and there was a band every day [playing] music live," Smoczyńska told ScreenPrism at Sundance. "They would also play covers of popular songs from the West and Polish songs. There was striptease, there was a magician, and there was a show. Outside there was poverty, no color, nothing, but inside the restaurant, there was another life, a better life." Smoczyńska herself lived in such a restaurant (her mother ran two) until she was four. She wanted to tell the story of initiation into that world, but when one of her musician friends protested that the story was too intimate and autobiographical, the screenwriter suggested the idea of mermaids "as a metaphor for the growing-up girl."
The underground Warsaw club featured in The Lure (2016)
Smoczyńska's first starting points for the mermaid myth were the sirens of Homer and the traditional mermaid emblem of Warsaw. "Warsaw, where the film is set, has an emblem of a mermaid," she said. "In Warsaw, every place you can see a mermaid, in the bus tickets, in the tube tickets, there is a mermaid. There is a legend about mermaids who come to Warsaw, and of course it is a love story, but it is a different story." Moving on from The Iliad and The Odyssey, she read many myths and legends about mermaids from a variety of sources and time periods. Ultimately, though, for Smoczyńska, the true meaning of the mermaid is symbolic to communicate a universal coming-of-age tale. "We use mermaids as a metaphor for girls growing up, of being a mature girl," she said.
When it came to realizing the vision of a mermaid, as Smoczyńska started to search for popular conceptions of the half-fish half-woman figure, she felt unsatisfied with conventional representations like that of Hans Christian Anderson's original The Little Mermaid and Ariel from Disney's The Little Mermaid (1989). "I realized that the appearance of mermaids was really infantilized – she should be cute, she should wear a bra, she should have long hair, like Ariel from Disney, and I said, no, why destroy real mermaids?" Smoczyńska said. "Real mermaids, real Sirens, they ate people; they could seduce. Vampires seduce via eyes, they hypnotized victims via eyes, and Sirens hypnotize via voice. That is why we wanted to make music."
Thus the musical portion of the film developed out of the mermaid's heritage as a siren, and the other genre elements came from other aspects of the mermaid's distinct nature. "Our hybrid genre is because of hybrid characters," Smoczyńska told me. "It's half a woman and half a fish. Because they sing, there is the musical. Because they eat people, there is horror. Because of their fish tails, there is a little bit of fantasy." And finally, because — like the two halves of the mermaid — these diverse genres sometimes clash, "there is grotesque."
To conceive of The Lure's own original interpretation of the mermaid, Smoczyńska asked an artist she knows who paints "hybrid characters… strange, perverse characters for unedited fairy tales for adults" to create some visual ideas. "I asked her, Please, paint for us modern mermaids because we didn't want to copy mermaids from paintings or films. We wanted to create something new, and we wanted to create a modern woman as a metaphor for becoming a mature woman. She painted them with these long, long fish tails. Very reptilian, full of mucus, full of slime, ugly."
Smoczyńska loved this representation because of its duality: on the one hand a beautiful woman, on the other hand a monster. "Mermaids can be an archetype of the femme fatale – to seduce you and after that to kill you in a symbolic way," she said. The way that they dealt with nudity was extremely important to her: "We wanted them, of course, not to wear a bra. I wanted to make it not look like playboy, but in a natural way. Because the nature of mermaids is they don't feel ashamed."
As a metaphor for growing up, the mermaid story has strong resonance for young girls who are finding their way and discovering themselves. "When a girl comes of age, she can lose herself or she can build herself," Smoczyńska said. "Silver loses herself because when she cuts her fish tail, she loses her voice, she loses her inner voice, she loses her nature. Very often when you are becoming mature, when you have a first love, because of this very, very strong feeling, you can lose yourself. Silver loses something important inside of her because of him."
Smoczyńska identifies a pivotal scene in the film as the moment at the very end when Silver must decide whether to eat the young man she loves or to die herself. Because he has married another woman, the rules of the sea dictate that, unless she kills him, she will turn to sea foam before daybreak. "There is a love, there is a death at the same moment – and there is the decision," Smoczyńska explained. "Because she chose love, she loses herself. This is the thought of the film."
Silver (Marta Mazurek) watches as the man she loves marries another woman in The Lure (2016)
Anderson's The Little Mermaid also ends with the lovesick mermaid turning to sea foam when her beloved marries another, but Smoczyńska notes that in that story "because she loved him, because she didn't kill him, she in 300 years can have a soul. She can have a salvation. I didn't [include this], because I think that is a happy ending. I didn't want to put in any thesis of 'it's wrong,' 'it's a good choice' or 'it's bad.' It's her choice, and there are the consequences of this choice."
Visually, Smoczyńska sought to create the warmth of her own childhood recollections of the underground dancing scene with its lively and colorful, yet not campy, atmosphere. She wanted the film to look painterly and stylized while evoking the feeling of being underwater.
She also took visual inspiration from photographers like Diane Arbus and Nan Goldin. "I like them because there is realism, but also something special" in the way they light and photograph people. She liked the taste of Goldin, as opposed to the campy style of The Rocky Horror Picture Show (1975). Smoczyńska was looking for visual inspiration from that time period because The Lure is set in "the so-called 80s," although her aim was not to create an accurate period film but rather to draw inspiration from her own childhood memories and a sense of the mermaids' underwater habitat. "Everything in this film is stylized. I just wanted to bring back from memories of this place. I asked my set designer to have many flashy things, like in the water, many murals, so that viewer could feel this kind of club is underwater."
Director of Photographer Kuba Kijowski also worked with the light and the colors to evoke the atmosphere Smoczyńska sought – "he used old lenses, which they were using in the 80s. He uses lights like in the 80s in such clubs. It was very important to him."
Most importantly, Smoczyńska wanted the final vision, like her hybrid film overall, to create the warm feeling of a grown person looking back on the innocence and naiveté of early childhood. "When you are a child and growing up, you think about your backgrounds in nice colors and in a nice way," she said. "I wanted to build such a world."
Director Agnieszka Smoczyńska with her World Cinema Dramatic Special Jury Award for Unique Vision and Design at Sundance 2016, Photo by Ryan Kobane (KobanePhoto.com)
Read ScreenPrism's interview with the stars of The Lure here.


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Snow Belt: places downwind of the Great Lakes that knowledge enhanced snowfall accumulations every single winter season due to lake impact snow. The second version of the automotive mission strategy 11 for the tenure of 2016-26 is beneath preparation and it will get finalized by mid 2015. As the 1st decade of the 21st Century came to a close, the most notorious Belvedere in the world fell into comprehensive obscurity. Every single 5 years because 2000, Automotive News compiles a list of the one hundred Top Women in the North American Auto Business. In Europe we could name Pforzheim Schule in Germany, or State College in ParisFrance, or IAAD and IED in TurinItaly, or UMEAUniversity in Sweden, or MAMI International in MoscowRussia.
Meanwhile, GKN was also recognised with an Automotive News PACE Innovation Partnership Award for its perform with Ford on the Ford Concentrate RS programme. Somebody on yet another forum told me that the psychological test will have no bearing on my claim and they will deny me. I don't really want to go into everything that is incorrect but it keeps acquiring worse. Just tonight we heard on the news that particular fruit had been imported, supposedly from New Zealand but it has been discovered it had originally had come from China and arrived in Australia by means of NZ.
But of course, Mother Earth News caught wind of it, and told the story even if it did not attain every person in the world. Most people in the globe consume white rice but brown rice is far far better for your digestive technique if you care. Here the news is the ABS help with unified braking system, which electronically distributes the force on two wheels. The Volt is such an integral component of Chevrolet's future that final month, the Basic Motors CEO drove to congress on a automobile outfitted with the Volt's energy train. Automobilwoche is a print publication focusing on the German automotive sector.
In terms of connection seeds, 4G will be about 200 instances faster than present 2G mobile data rates, and about ten times more quickly than 3G broadband mobile. Needless to say all those interested in getting a automobile must adhere to the most current automotive news in order to keep up with what is new in this vast and complicated location. That mentioned, it does not imply that your vehicle didn't take a massive quantity of fossil fuels to ship the parts about the globe whilst it was being manufactured.
Our firm will play its element by bringing in far more new investments and develop higher worth automobile, chemical engineering , civil engineering & manufacturing jobs to cater the needs of the Indian market. Ford announced that it will compete in the complete 2016 schedule for FIA Planet Endurance Championship and TUDOR United SportsCar Championship, and producing its competitors debut in January 2016 at the Rolex 24 At Daytona, Florida.


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Extension Farm Program in Sun Journal
UMaine Cooperative Extension Specialist David Handley and Educator Tori Jackson were interviewed for a Lewiston Sun Journal report on the struggles of Maine's small farmers to gain disaster relief funds. Handley and Jackson are co-administrators of Crop Insurance Risk Management Education for Maine, an Extension program in its 13th year. Jackson said Maine was seen as an underserved state by the crop insurance program.
Contact: Jessica Bloch, 207-581-3777


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Another one bites the dust
To me, this sounds like an overreaction to either a) industry research b) ratings c) consultants or more likely d) a combination of all three. We're constantly being told that local sports is dead (at least in the newscast) because there's not enough people watching. But how come any time there's a really big local sports event it's always the lead story, not just in the sports segment but in the entire newscast? I just watched some of the Little League World Series and I guarantee you that was the lead story in every newscast for at least a week in places like Lubbock, Texas and Warner-Robbins, Georgia.
We know there's interest out there ... it's simply a matter of finding a way to make sports more interesting to the local audience. By running up the white flag and cutting the sports segment news directors are saying they don't want to put in the time and effort to make the segment more relevant. It's the lazy way out and gives sports a bad rap it doesn't deserve.


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Meaghan Wilson-Anastasios reflects on a transformative visit to Gallipoli, as we mark the centenary of the landing.
Before I first visited Gallipoli 20 years ago, I thought I was far too cynical and world-weary to be affected by what I would see there. My soon-to-be husband, Andrew, and I had signed up to one of the many tours shuttling backpackers from Istanbul to Gallipoli, Troy and then on to Ephesus. It appealed to us simply because it was a cheap way to travel down the Aegean coast towards our ultimate destination, Bodrum.
So I was surprised to find myself standing on a neatly trimmed stretch of turf overlooking Homer's wine-dark sea with tears rolling uncontrollably down my cheeks. The tragic juxtaposition of a bucolic Aegean seascape with row after row of tiny white headstones inscribed with epitaphs penned by grieving families half a world away was utterly overwhelming. The Atatürk Monument finished me off: "You, the mothers, who sent their sons from far away countries, wipe away your tears; your sons are now lying in our bosom and are in peace. After having lost their lives on this land, they have become our sons as well."
Since then, I have visited Gallipoli a number of times - to research the novel I co-wrote with my Andrew [Anastasios], The Water Diviner, and also to introduce our children to this spot. And we'll be there for the Dawn Service on 25 April to commemorate the centenary of the landing. For many Australians, this peninsula is as close as we get to a sacred site. It's where we like to think we shook off the yoke of Empire and began to forge our own identity.
But the site is equally important to Turks, and for similar reasons. As many as 53,000 Allied soldiers were lost, but at least 87,000 Turks also died here. For the Turkish people, this was the crucible that spawned the legend of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk and gave birth to the Turkish nationalist movement.
The growth of the tourist industry on the Gallipoli Peninsula means it now has all the bells and whistles the modern traveller expects: cafés, a virtual-reality museum (Gallipoli Kabatepe Simulation Centre), audio tours, endless carparks, and walking trails. But because the peninsula itself is a National Park, outside the tourist hubs it is largely devoid of development.
And it remains a heartbreakingly beautiful place. The cemetery at Anzac Cove is graced with substantial trees that would, in a less sombre place, invite picnicking under their spreading boughs. On my latest visit to the Anzac Cove cemetery, in 2013, I led my children down to the narrow pebble beach, and we took off our shoes to wade into the water, gazing towards the purple outline of the islands of Gökçeada and Samothrace on the horizon. But then we turned back towards shore, and I explained the insurmountable task that faced the troops as they landed here in the pre-dawn light. Foreboding cliff faces loom over the beach. With the Turkish troops positioned on the high ground, the Anzacs didn't stand a chance.
Later, we catch a ferry across the narrow Dardanelles Strait, heading for the delightfully quirky restored Ottoman mansion Çanakkale Kervansaray Hotel. Retreating from the waterfront bars and cafés that cater to an endless stream of boisterous Aussie backpackers, we find refuge in Çanakkale's tiny old town. I watch my son as he cavorts with his sister beneath an ancient wisteria vine that shades the open courtyard of the 19th-century caravanserai, Yali Hani. As I sip on a small glass of Turkish tea it's sobering to realise he's almost the same age as the youngest Australian soldier to die at Gallipoli. Private Jim Martin, aged 14.
Seated beside tables full of friendly local university students and soaking up the convivial atmosphere of this hipster Turkish tea garden, it's impossible to understand why so many of our ancestors came here to fight and die 100 years ago. But one thing I do know without a doubt: a visit to Gallipoli is transformative. And I'll never again question why so many of us feel compelled to visit these shores.
Illustration Holly Exley


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ABBOTSFORD, BRITISH COLUMBIA -- In a case that tests the tradition of sanctuary, a paralyzed man faced with a deportation order has taken refuge in a Sikh temple in this western Canadian city. In early July, just two days before Laibar Singh, 48, was to be accompanied by Canadian officials to a hospital in India, he moved into the residence of a Sikh priest on the property of the Gurdwara Kalgidhar Darbar Sahib Society.
This is the first time a Sikh temple has become a place of sanctuary in Canada. In the past, Christian churches have served as refuges for individuals avoiding deportation.
Abbotsford, population 160,000, is located an hour east of Vancouver. Abbotsford has more than 85 churches and is situated on the "bible belt of Canada." But the makeup of the city is changing. Twenty-four percent of the population originates from northwestern India, which has resulted in a new nickname: "Little Punjab." There are three gurdwaras in Abbotsford, including the oldest-standing Sikh temple in North America.
"This case demonstrates that Sikhs are not a foreign community anymore. This is home," said Roma Kaur, a producer at Channel M, a network dedicated to multiethnic reporting in Vancouver.
The sanctuary case has also made this small farming community the focal point of a national debate on refugee claims based on economic hardship and disability.
When Singh's sanctuary was made public on July 8th, the gurdwara was bursting with supporters who cried, held signs and donated money. But a few days later the five-acre property was barely occupied. A few cars were parked outside the temple, and fewer than 40 people were inside the grand, three-storey building. A single handwritten sign, "Save life of Mr. Singh," lay on a bench by the entrance where devotees leave their shoes.
Just 300 yards away in a home adjacent to the temple, Singh, wearing a blue hospital shirt and dark pants, his hair cut close to his scalp, lay barefoot in a reclining wheelchair. He gazed at the walls of his new home, his motionless legs propped by pillows. Swaran Singh Gill, 45, president of the gurdwara, stood at his side. Gill wore an indigo-colored turban, a long greying beard and the traditional kirpan, the strapped sword indicating commitment to justice. Gill's congregation had assumed caretaking responsibilities of Singh only a week before, when the paralyzed man arrived at the temple's doors.
In adherence to the Sikh tradition of khalsa, Gill is committed to protecting the vulnerable and sick of his community. Every gurdwara provides langar, a free kitchen that is open to everyone, signifying the Sikhism precept of universal equality. And every Sikh temple is designed with entrances on four sides of the building: a practical and symbolic representation of Sikhism's openness to all.
Gill says the Sikh principles of ethical living compelled him to help Laibar Singh. He says that the gurdwara will support Singh as long as it possibly can. Last week, the temple received more than $4,000 in donations for the man.
Canadian officials said that they do not plan to forcibly remove Singh from the temple's premises. "Although there are no laws that prevent Canadian officials from entering a place of worship, historically they have not done so," said Faith St. John, a spokeswoman for the Canada Border Services Agency.
Singh entered the country with a forged passport in 2003 and applied for refugee status. He alleged that in India he was falsely connected to a Sikh separatist movement and he would be arrested if he were to return. In numerous administrative justice hearings, Canadian officials found his fears unfounded and turned down his request.
During the trials and appeals, Singh suffered a paralysing aneurysm, which confined him to a hospital and a long-term healthcare facility. Singh later made an appeal to remain in Canada on humanitarian grounds, but that too was rejected.
Singh's only chance at attaining legal status remains with Immigration Minister Diane Finley, who has the authority to overrule the deportation order on compassionate grounds. Meanwhile the Canadian public continues to debate Singh's case.
Harjinder Thind is the news director and talk show host at Red-FM, a radio station that serves the South Asian and other visible minority communities in Surrey, Abbotsford's larger neighboring city. Thind says that his listeners are torn.
"A lot of people said that he should be kicked out right away. They say that he cheated the system," said Thind. Singh's detractors argue that he entered the country illegally and has avoided officials for years. They add that his four children in India have some obligation to help him and that he could be treated there if he were able to collect the funds. Canadian taxpayers have paid over $400,000 for Singh's medical bills.
Meanwhile his supporters say he is in no condition to travel back to India and that his deteriorating health merits the country's compassion. "Other people say, regardless, we will take care of him," said Thind.
"He is more like an economic refugee," said Thind. "He wanted a better life. India comparatively is not as developed and financially prosperous as Canada. People will try anything to get here. Canada is heaven."


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Bryan LaHair homered and hit a game-winning single in the ninth inning, and the Chicago Cubs beat Houston 5-4 Wednesday in the Astros' National League finale.
In the first series between 100-game losers in the major leagues since 1962, LaHair homered in the second and broke a 4-all tie in the ninth against Hector Ambriz (1-0).
Houston went 55-107 and set a club record for losses with one more than last year. The Astros became the first team with 106 or more losses in consecutive seasons since the 1964-65 New York Mets.
Chicago Baseball
Houston finished its NL tenure with 3,999 regular-season wins and 4,134 losses with five ties. The Astros are moving to the AL West next season, creating three divisions of five teams in each league.
The Astros was 16-25 under interim manager Tony DeFrancesco, who took over after Brad Mills was fired on Aug. 18. Washington third base coach Bo Porter already has been hired as Houston's manager for next season.
The Cubs, who haven't won the World Series since 1908, went 61-101 for their most losses since dropping 103 games in 1966.
Carlos Marmol (3-3) pitched a scoreless ninth to earn the win.
Justin Maxwell hit a tying, three-run homer for Houston in the eighth off Shawn Camp.
Cubs starter Travis Wood allowed one run, three hits and five walks in 6 1-3 innings, giving up Carlos Corporan's RBI single in the first. Wood also chased Astros starter Edgar Gonzalez with a two-run single.
Gonzalez gave up four runs, five hits and four walks in 3 1-3 innings. Houston pitched 28 consecutive scoreless innings before LaHair's homer in the second.
Most Cubs' regulars were given the day off. The exception, Starlin Castro became the first player in franchise history to play shortstop in all 162 games, and the first major leaguer to do it since Jimmy Rollins in 2007. Castro's 195 consecutive games played is the longest active streak in the NL.


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BLU Energy X LTE User Manual Pdf
BLU Energy X LTE User Manual Pdf
REVIEW BLU Energy X LTE
BLU Energy X LTE comes with a design that is quite stylish. With dimensions of frame size 143 x 69.9 x 8.5 mm and weighing 183 grams ideal, BLU Energy X LTE is present to facilitate its users operate smartphone this one at hand. Equipped dual-SIM technology embedded on BLU Energy X LTE, as the main network, BLU Energy X LTE 4G LTE technology brings Cat4 who claimed to be able to bring the Internet connection speed of up to 150 Mbps.
BLU Energy X LTE will bring the brilliant screen armed with IPS LCD capacitive touchscreen panel that stretched measuring 5.0 inches above the surface. Complete with a 16 million color technology which given his right, BLU Energy X LTE will still bring sized screen with a resolution of 720 x 1280 pixels with a density of approximately 294 ppi pixels density.
powerful 8 MP main camera implanted in the back of the BLU Energy X LTE, smartphone this one will provide features quality alternative for those lovers of photography. The main camera is reportedly also been equipped with autofocus and LED flash technology that will increasingly make the picture brighter. Not only that, BLU Energy X LTE also able to bring quality video recording Full HD video resolution of 1080p @ 30fps. Are no less interesting than the official smartphone was introduced in March 2016, the lens is embedded with a powerful 5 MP camera which will help users who have a hobby to take pictures selfie.
Smartphone running on Android operating system v5.1 Lollipop will deliver maximum performance with a number of powerful components. Mediatek MT6735 chipset is fairly enough to run BLU Energy X LTE, will be supported by brain Quad-core processor 1.3 GHz Cortex-A53 will be the mainstay BLU Energy X LTE to deliver maximum performance in processing the application program.
BLU Energy X LTE also will still offer the main form of RAM memory of 1 GB which will help make the process run multitasking BLU Energy X LTE increasingly smoothly. Meanwhile, BLU Energy X LTE will provide a myriad of internal memory as a container for your important files with a maximum capacity up to 16 GB. The memory capacity will still be supported with a slot that can accommodate an additional form of microSD memory with a maximum capacity of up to 64 GB. Armed with Li-Po battery capacity of 4000 mAh which paired permanently on his back, BLU Energy X LTE will bring operational time with a longer period of time.
|User Manual Pdf


text: Through geopolitical theory this thesis explores how conflicts within states can be read and understood according to an analytical model determining one or several possible causes for the conflict. The model is created by the author and reflects geopolitical theory by giving three possible explanations to an intrastate conflict: culture, economy or territorial construction. The aim of the thesis is testing this model on two selectively chosen case studies – i.e. two intrastate conflicts – namely: the upcoming referendum in Scotland and the terror attack at Tiananmen Square in China. These conflicts are compared by applying the model on each case and then providing a qualitative analysis through it. This comparison has shown that the geopolitical model of conflicts can be used in determining the cause or several possible causes for an intrastate conflict, and by doing so determining the need for geopolitical perspective to better understand states as actors in international relations.


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Refinement of Form
Published on August 22, 2016
Contemporary eyewear designs are tending to incorporate multiple materials into the construction of a single frame. Industry leaders in innovation, including MYKITA and Robert Marc , are offering us a glimpse of how a more refined interpretation of this trend will soon prevail. This shift in styling is exemplified by a selection of new releases currently in stock at Josephson Opticians. [caption id="attachment_2811" align="aligncenter" width="622"] A new release from MYKITA's LITE collection[/caption] Hand assembled in Berlin, MYKITA's LITE collection is notable for offering slender silhouettes and simple constructions. This collection represents the lightest glasses crafted by MYKITA. Whether made entirely in slender stainless steel or in a material mix where the warmth of cellulose acetate meets the sleekness of steel in an elegant connection, the reduced LITE design concept offers supreme comfort in a refined aesthetic. [caption id="attachment_2812" align="aligncenter" width="622"] A sample from Robert Marc's Second Nature collection[/caption] Robert Marc's latest designs contain many examples of a refinement of form and a reduction in thickness of frame components. The timeless, masculine styles from his Second Nature collection combine acetate fronts with slender titanium temples. All are hand crafted in Japan and their subtleties are enhanced by matted finishes of naturalistic colours such as ceder, slate and driftwood. We encourage you to view what's new when it's new, at Josephson Opticians locations throughout Toronto.


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We thank God for what He has done in our families and hope in Him for what remains amiss.
Funding Our Mission: We ended up receiving $76,335 so we achieved both the Praise and Rejoice levels! Thank you to all who participated.
Adult Ed: A History of Biblical Interpretation: From the Early Church to the Reformation: This class broadly surveys the history of biblical interpretation from the early church to the Reformation, focusing on key figures and their methods of interpreting the Bible. This class will meet in the Library on Sunday at 9:30 a.m. and is led by Alyssa Evans.
The Koinonia Team: The Koinonia Team is putting together a series of events to promote discussion of important issues related to race and community within the body of Christ and the larger Princeton community. We viewed the movie, Black Panther, and then talked about the theme of that movie. Here are the 3 remaining events this summer.
· Saturday, July 21 at 10 a.m.: Book Discussion of The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks by Rebecca Skloot
Make sure you read the book and come ready to discuss this fascinating true story that reveals the hidden prejudices and biases in the medical and scientific community.
· Saturday, July 28 at 6 p.m.: Movie and Discussion of The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks by Rebecca Skloot
For those of you who don't have time to read the book, you can come to the movie showing followed by discussion.
· Saturday, August 25th at 10 a.m.: Book Discussion of Divided by Faith by Christian Smith and Michael O. Emerson
Our final event of the summer focuses on a sociological study of how the church in North America has remained largely segregated. This is an important book for us to wrestle with. God has already made Stone Hill a diverse congregation. We want to see our fellowship grow in unity even as we express the beauty of the diversity in our midst.
Café Volunteers: We all enjoy the wonderful coffee, tea, bagels and fellowship time in the atrium on Sunday mornings! We are looking for help this summer in the cafe in order to keep the bagels coming. Please consider joining our team. Many hands make light work! If interested please contact Grace Henrie at firstname.lastname@example.com.


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I love seeing a clean energy economy play such a prominent role in the Obama administration. Week after week President Obama takes the time to touch on the clean energy economy, even if just for a moment, as he delivers speeches around the country. On Saturday, the green economy topic made an appearance in his weekly presidential address.
"We're also investing in a homegrown, clean energy industry — because I don't want to see new solar panels and wind turbines and electric cars manufactured in some other country. I want to see them made in America, by American workers. So far, we've provided new tax credits, loan guarantees, and investments that will lead to more than 800,000 clean energy jobs by 2012." Source: White House
That's right … a clean energy future is ours if we want it. We can't just sit back and let other countries lead the green economy of tomorrow. We need to take action now to ensure our place as a clean energy leader.
Photo: phault/Flickr


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Foundation Donates Huge Artworks
The Robert Rauschenberg Foundation has announced that six major museums across the United States have acquired nine works by artist Robert Rauschenberg (1925–2008) through the foundation's Gift/Purchase Program.
This one-time program was designed to expand public access to and awareness of the artist's work by offering museums a rare opportunity to acquire artworks from the foundation's holdings through equal parts gift and purchase.
"When Rauschenberg's work transferred to the foundation, we committed ourselves to ensuring the broadest access possible to his art by helping to place works in museum collections," said Christy MacLear, executive director of the Robert Rauschenberg Foundation.
"These pieces represent the strength of Rauschenberg's work in the 1970s and 1980s and further his legacy of artistic innovation. We could not be more pleased to have them acquired by some of America's finest institutions," MacLear noted.
The six institutions that have acquired the artworks are: • The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York • Bande de Sureté / Twin City / Nipples (Cardboard), 1971 • Vow (Jammer), 1976 •The Minneapolis Institute of Arts • Park / ROCI MEXICO, 1985 • The Museum of Modern Art, New York • Nabisco Shredded Wheat (Cardboard), 1971 • Gull (Jammer), 1976 • Stop Side Early Winter Glut, 1987 • The New Orleans Museum of Art • Melic Meeting (Spread), 1979 • The San Francisco Museum of Modern Art • Rosalie / Red Cheek / Temporary Letter / Stock (Cardboard), 1971 • The Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, New York • Untitled (Venetian), 1971.
The artworks acquired include key examples of some of Rauschenberg's most important series:
Cardboards, Venetians, Jammers, Spreads, Gluts, and ROCI works. Created across two decades, these works exemplify the diversity of the artist's materials and activities. • Cardboards investigate the aesthetic potential of a mundane material. • Venetians are a sculptural series evoking the atmosphere of the Italian city. • Jammers, inspired by a trip to India, celebrate the sensual qualities of fabric. • Spreads combine printed imagery and found objects in large-scale tableaux. • Gluts address the socioeconomic circumstances underlying the detritus used as sculptural material. • Rauschenberg's humanitarian project ROCI (Rauschenberg Overseas Culture Interchange) traveled to eleven countries from 1984 to 1991 to promote world peace through artistic dialogue with local cultures.
Images of the artworks purchased by the participating institutions are available on the Robert Rauschenberg Foundation's website (http://rauschenbergfoundation.org).
"Having worked with Rauschenberg and his art for more than thirty years," said David White, senior curator for the foundation, "it is enormously gratifying that these six museums selected such representative works for their collections. An entirely new generation of museum visitors will have the opportunity to experience the breadth of Rauschenberg's work as I have."
In addition to the Gift/Purchase Program, in 2013 the Robert Rauschenberg Foundation has lent artworks to forty-six museums and exhibitions around the world; initiated a "Loan Bank" pilot program with two university museums that connect painting, sculpture, and performance-based artworks with curricula development; and donated more than a hundred works by other artists from Rauschenberg's personal art collection to leading museums and cultural centers, including the J. Paul Getty Museum, the Walker Art Center, the National Gallery of Art, and the New York Public Library for Performing Arts.
Photo Credit: Robert Rauschenberg Melic Meeting (Spread), 1979. Gift of the Robert Rauschenberg Foundation, partially in honor of Dora Rauschenberg, and Museum purchase with funds provided by The Helis Foundation. New Orleans Museum of Modern Art.


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One of the weaknesses of smartphones is their rigid screen, which can easily crack when the phone drops on the floor. An international, interdisciplinary team of scientist have shown that very thin silver nanowires may be the safe solution to manufacturing flexible screens without losing properties. They publish their results in PNAS.
Silver nanowires are great candidates as flexible, transparent conductors for touch screens, as well as other applications like high-strength adhesives or papers incorporating LEDs, sensors or transistors. They entail, however, health risks when these fibres get in contact with skin: "Silver nanowires bear a striking resemblance to a notoriously toxic nanomaterial of the 20th century: asbestos," explains Benjamin Gilbert, corresponding author of the study and scientist at the Lawrence Berkeley National Lab (LBNL) in the US. In a similar way to asbestos fibres, their interaction with skin cells can lead to cell dysfunction, inflammation and eventually cell death.
Silver nanowires, unlike indium tin oxide, the material currently used in touchscreens, do not break down with repeated bending and stretching. Because they will likely be used in smartphones, flexible electronics, and even clothes, an international scientific collaboration, funded by the U.S. Consumer Products Safety Commission, LabEx SERENADE of France, and the European Commission's Safe Implementation of Innovative Nanoscience and Nanotechnology program, was formed to assess the risk and investigate whether nanowires could be designed to be safer.
With this goal, Gilbert joined forces with scientists from the Grenoble Alpes University, LBNL, the University of Lille, CEA-LITEN, the University of Florida and researchers from two beamlines at the ESRF, the European Synchrotron.
The researchers confirmed that silver nanowires could be toxic to skin cells. Based on previous work, the team had expected nanowire length to be key, with shorter being less toxic, so initial research focused on nanowire length. The scientists also explored how different diameters could change the nanowires' properties.
Surprisingly, thinner nanowires were considerably less toxic to skin cells than thick ones. The researchers were puzzled, however, by standard microscopy studies that showed that thinner nanowires were just as likely to enter the cells as thicker nanowires, so why are thinner ones less toxic? Nanowires, which are almost invisible, can be very hard to see, so in order to understand the mechanism of this diameter-dependent toxicity, the researchers needed even higher resolution imaging to better see what was going on in the cells.
Super high-resolution imaging at the ESRF beamlines ID16A and ID21 provided them with the answer. "Using coherent X-ray imaging we can directly see how the nanowires interact with the cell. Nano-tomography of frozen cells provides 3D snapshots showing the location and shape of the individual nanowires. X-ray fluorescence and spectroscopy complete the chemical picture", said Peter Cloetens, in charge of ID16A. In addition to Cloetens, five other scientists of the ESRF co-author the study.
The results showed that thinner nanowires were deformed and crumpled inside the cell within specific intracellular vesicles (endolysosomes), which seem to function in both taking up nanowires and keeping them separated from the rest of the cell. By contrast, thicker nanowires were not significantly bent, and actually punctured through the vesicle membrane into the cell interior. "It is remarkable that a cell vesicle composed of protein and lipid bilayers could mechanically deform metallic wires. The observations clearly implicate this deformation as being the critical mechanism for reducing toxicity of the thin wires versus the thick ones", explains Chris Vulpe at the University of Florida.
Reduced toxicity does not come at the cost of performance, as thinner nanowires are equally or better suited for portable electronic displays than their thicker counterparts. This work illustrates how interdisciplinary collaboration can identify approaches to reduce the potential harm from advanced nanotechnologies early in the design stage.
Lehmann, S. et al, PNAS first published July 8, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1820041116
Text by Montserrat Capellas Espuny