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By Defense News•
Those who plan for our nation's defense are often under pressure because of questionable spending decisions made in the past. Money wasted or misspent by lawmakers in Washington increases pressure to slash funding needed for our nation's defense. Our war fighters should never lack the tools they need because national leaders make poor decisions. Our leaders must ensure our military has what it needs to defend America today, tomorrow and for generations to come.
Our war fighters are expected to defend us against current risks and dangers, and at the same time be prepared for future perils and upgrade our defensive capabilities. But when budgets are tight, we pit current security needs against future security needs. That is dangerous.
We see this playing out now with our nation's military aircraft. We have a shortage of wings and reduced readiness because for decades we have been using up planes faster than we've been replacing them. Next year's budget reveals that the Pentagon is planning to add zero F-18s to replace older planes that can no longer fly. Thus, the plane shortage will simply get worse while we wait for at least a decade for a new plane to be developed and roll off production lines. And it may be a lot longer because challenges and delays in high-tech development are difficult to predict.
Moreover, as planes get older, they cost more to operate and eventually become unsafe to fly without a major overhaul, which can be staggeringly expensive. Because we've allowed our fighter fleet to age, we are at a point where immediate action is necessary. Deciding to buy fewer F-18s than our Navy needs means that the current shortage of wings will only get worse. It will also weaken our capabilities for at least a decade. This is simply too great a risk!
Imagine that you wanted to upgrade your health insurance. Would you cancel your current policy to "save" money so that in 10 years you could afford a more robust health plan? Of course not. The risk exposure would be too great. Similarly, forcing the military to endure aircraft shortages for a decade creates unacceptable risks to our nation's security.
Our military must continue developing effective and modernized tools for our war fighters. Our adversaries are working overtime to surpass us, and we cannot permit that to happen. But we also cannot afford to leave a 10-year gap in aerial defense and create a large window of opportunity for adversarial nations to seize on our weaknesses.
China has been frantically building a blue water navy that is larger than our own. They have nuclear submarines and missile technology, and have bragged of their future capacity to attack and defeat the United States. Suspending procurement of the aircraft we need over the next decade makes us increasingly vulnerable. There is simply no way to justify that, no matter how bleak the Pentagon's ledger.
Our enemies are dedicated to finding and exploiting any weakness in our defenses. By forgoing new F-18s, we are shining a spotlight on a significant weakness. This is irresponsible and dangerous. China's leadership is surely cheering that budget plan in Beijing.
The F-18 isn't simply a time-tested and proven fighter. The current F-18 has incorporated some of the most advanced technologies — more rapidly in some cases than our latest high-tech F-35 Joint Strike Fighter.
The F-18's new, low-drag, conformal fuel tanks allow it to fly faster, farther, stay on target longer and sustain a heavier payload, including an impressive array of advanced weapons. It employs next-generation radars, electronic warfare technology, jammers, and computing power and data availability to improve situational awareness and give war fighters the advantage in every confrontation.
Its long-range counter-stealth capability allows it to see the enemy while remaining virtually invisible. As heavyweight boxing legend Muhammad Ali said of rival George Foreman: "Float like a butterfly, sting like a bee. His hand can't hit what his eyes can't see."
Most importantly, the F-18's airframe has been improved to almost double its serviceable lifetime at 10,000 hours — making it both mission- and cost-effective.
Simultaneously investing in the F-18 Super Hornet while developing next-generation aircraft is the only way to ensure security now and in the future. It sends a clear message to our adversaries that not only are we strong today, but we're committed to strengthening our defense for generations to come. Continuing procurement of the F-18 also helps to keep defense budgets under control, allowing our pilots to perform missions and train at lower taxpayer cost.
By cutting funding for the F-18, the Pentagon is gambling with national security. Congress and the administration need to step up and ensure that our military is sufficiently equipped to keep America strong today and long into the future. Anything less is unacceptable.
Technologies such as the Electromagnetic Launch System (EMALS) support the U.S. military
With the nation's attention largely focused on the coronavirus, less noticed are threats to our national safety and security that are both long-running and evolving throughout the world — on land, sea, air, and increasingly in cyber and outer space. Losing sight of these threats would be a grave mistake.
Now more than ever, our nation's leaders must double down on strengthening our military and embracing innovation to protect America and project power when necessary in an unstable, dangerous world. To do so effectively, it is critical that we invest in and equip our men and women in uniform with the most technologically advanced tools and weapons of war available.
Make no mistake, global competitors like China and Russia and rogue states like Iran and North Korea are working diligently to enhance their military capabilities in the hopes of eroding America's competitive edge.
Fortunately, President Trump has made re-establishing our military strength and global position in the world a national priority after years of neglect during the Obama administration. He has insisted that while the Department of Defense pursues and invests in next-generation technologies, it must do so with taxpayers' money in mind. And with a defense-wide review underway, expect even more fiscally-minded reforms to materialize over the next several years.
For example, the Ford-class aircraft carriers currently under production are poised to significantly expand our military capabilities, improve the quality of onboard life for our deployed sailors — and exploit the benefits of cutting-edge technologies. The USS Gerald R. Ford (CVN-78), the first of the Ford-class, returned to sea in January and has now completed aircraft compatibility testing, flight deck certification, and other critical milestones in making the carrier battle-ready.
Mr. Trump has paid keen attention to these new carriers — and he has continuously addressed costs associated with their production. In fact, earlier this year, the Trump administration doubled down on its commitment to the Ford-class by convening the "Make Ford Ready" summit to ensure CVN-78 meets its cost targets moving forward.
These modern carriers are equipped with the latest technologies that ensure our troops will be able to protect our nation at a moment's notice, whether in the Strait of Hormuz or the South China Sea. They are faster, more lethal, more durable and more technologically advanced than any other carrier ever put to sea by any country. And one key advantage which will improve performance, save money and protect American lives (or take the enemy's when needed) is the carrier's electromagnetic launch system technology, which was conceived, developed and produced here in the U.S.
The Electromagnetic Aircraft Launch System — EMALS — had its initial skeptics, Mr. Trump among them. But its subsequent performance has spoken for itself. Because the system replaces old, steam-based catapult systems developed in the 1950s, the carriers are able to launch the full complement of planes in the Navy's air wing. This includes the critically important lightweight and heavyweight drones that are increasingly being used in reconnaissance and battlefield operations. And unlike incumbent catapult systems, EMALS is designed to accommodate future aircraft that come into production in the years ahead.
By replacing the complex and large system of steam pipes on the carriers, this new catapult system delivers a 25 percent reduction in the number of crew members needed to operate and maintain the system. The Navy has estimated this will amount to almost $4 billion in savings from operating costs over the ship's expected 50-year lifespan. And in line with Mr. Trump's commitment to establishing greater cost discipline for large DOD contracts, more cost savings have been realized through the negotiation of multiple ship production contracts for EMALS.
The second and third Ford-class carriers are already seeing 16 percent to 27 percent production cost savings respectively. Manufacturing, supply chains, production schedules and jobs are becoming stabilized. As the current crisis has put in stark relief, reliable supply chains are critical, and negotiated, multi-carrier contract buys ensure the stability of U.S. jobs and equipment. For taxpayers, this means significant cost savings without compromising our ability to deliver the most modern equipment available to support our warfighters.
Predictably, however, our competitors are now racing to develop similar technologies. For example, China has reportedly commissioned its own electromagnetic catapult system for its aircraft carriers to allow them to launch more advanced planes and other weaponry. Yet, with America's new carrier class moving further into subsequent production phases, and our allies wanting to benefit from U.S. military innovations like EMALS, we now have a huge advantage that the United States can and should fully embrace to ensure our military supremacy. Any global competitor seeking similar technologies with ill intent will not go unchecked.
These types of cutting-edge and innovative investments are critical in rebuilding our nation's military. They also are firmly aligned with Mr. Trump's commitment to ensure that our military professionals receive far more technology at less long-term cost to taxpayers. Our nation cannot afford to fall behind.
It is typical for pundits to criticize the Jones Act claiming that it harms American consumers or benefits others — some even outlandishly claim it benefits Russian President Vladimir Putin. These hypercritical pundits all seem to either overlook or completely ignore a number of critically important facts. In a fact free world, one can come to any conclusion — even silly ones. But when facts and sound reasoning matter, the conclusions must stand up to scrutiny.
The Merchant Marine Act of 1920 (also known as the Jones Act) was passed in the aftermath of World War I to ensure that America had a viable merchant marine that could provide support to our navy and military in times of war or national emergency. It was also intended to ensure that we had a viable ship-building and ship repairing capability — again to support our military. In a world where many foreign nations heavily subsidize their shipping industries as well as their ship building and repairing industries, we must not allow ourselves to become dependent upon other nations to maintain our naval strength.
Contrary to the view that the Jones Act is favored by despots like Vladimir Putin, the act has significant national security benefits for the U.S. Consider the Vice Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Gen. Paul Selva, who said, "I am an ardent Supporter of the Jones Act. It supports a viable ship building industry, cuts costs and produces 2,500 qualified mariners. Why would I tamper with that?" Likewise, Former Coast Guard Commandant Adm. Paul Zunkunft has said, "You take the Jones Act away, the first thing to go is these shipyards and then the mariners… If we don't have a U.S. fleet or U.S. shipyard to constitute that fleet how do we prevail?" The military understands that the Jones Act is critically important to our national security.
History teaches an important lesson. In 1812, Napoleon left France with an army of about 700,000 soldiers. Napoleon's army easily pushed through western Russia and made it all the way to Moscow. But as Napoleon's supply lines became attenuated, his army lacked the ability to feed and supply itself. Napoleon, despite having the world's greatest army, was defeated because he couldn't supply his troops. When he returned to France six months later, his army had only 27,000 soldiers who could defend France and the balance of power in Europe was radically altered for a century.
The lesson we must learn from this is obvious — we may have the best technology and the best trained military on the planet, but if we cannot properly supply them, we too could meet with disaster. The Jones Act is an important part of our military's ability to supply itself.
In a world in which China and Russia are expanding their naval capabilities, the need for the Jones Act is all the greater. Putin would like a weaker America, not a strong America – with a functioning domestic shipping industry to support our nation's military strength.
The Jones Act also has a significant impact on homeland security. It limits foreign flagged ships and foreign crewed ships from sailing around America's inland waterways. Dr. Joan Mileski, head of the Maritime Administration Department at Texas A&M, said, "If we totally lifted the Jones Act, any foreign-flagged ship — with an entirely unknown crew — could go anywhere on our waterways, including up the Mississippi River." Obviously, this would make our defenses very porous.
Since 9/11/2001, our homeland security approach has been to place most of our security resources and assets at our coasts and at the ports that have the most traffic. But few assets and resources are used along the more than 25,000 miles of navigable inland waterways in the United States. There we rely upon the Jones Act to provide security. American flagged and American crewed ships are trained and keep a watchful eye for signs of terrorism and are thus an important part of our nation's homeland security layered defense.
Our southern border is 1,989 miles long. The U.S. has more than 25,000 miles of navigable waters. Without the Jones Act, we've just made both sides of every river a possible entry point. Michael Herbert, Chief of the Customs & Border Protection's Jones Act Division of Enforcement has said: "We use the Jones Act as a virtual wall. Without the Jones Act in place, our inland waterways would be inundated with foreign flagged vessels."
The truth is the Jones Act is more important today than even when it was first passed. Today, it not only provides America with trained and skilled mariners and a viable ship building and ship repairing capability to support our military and Navy, but it also protects us from terrorists and other nefarious international bad actors.
Imagine if Chinese government owned ships could operate freely up and down the Mississippi River and remain there throughout the year. They would use that access to spy and intercept even civilian communications.
Adam Smith, the father of free market economics, in his seminal work — The Wealth of Nations — strongly supported and defended the British Navigation Act, which was a cabotage law much like America's Merchant Marine Act. His rationale included, "The defense of Great Britain, for example, depends very much on the number of its sailors and shipping."
The Jones Act protects America. This is a verifiable fact. Any alleged costs are amorphous and difficult to verify or prove. But what is not difficult to prove is that America's security is benefited and protected by the Jones Act. The world is a dangerous place, filled with adversaries that will be all too happy if the Jones Act is weakened. It is time tested and proven.
The Air Force has received heat recently from Elon Musk's SpaceX, which filed a lawsuit alleging it "wrongly awarded" billions to a few of its competitors, going so far as to write that "by any reasonable measure, SpaceX earned a place in the LSA portfolio."
Forget for a minute that the Air Force has been more than fair with Musk's start-up, providing it with a $130 million award just last summer. And forget that in the most recent offering that SpaceX is protesting, the military imposed strict criteria that ultimately resulted in a diverse array of firms, old and new, receiving awards. To understand the baselessness of Musk's allegations, just follow the news that broke in sync with the release of his lawsuit.
According to a bombshell announcement made by the Department of Justice on May 22—the same day the U.S. Court of Federal Claims publicly released SpaceX's lawsuit—federal investigators have charged a SpaceX quality assurance engineer with falsifying at least 38 inspection reports for the company's rockets. These SpaceX rocket parts, which did not pass proper QA inspections, were nevertheless used in seven NASA missions and two Air Force missions. At least 76 uninspected parts slipped through SpaceX's quality assurance procedures. Needless to say, that's more than enough to raise some eyebrows.
SpaceX, to their credit, swiftly cut ties with the accused individual, as well as the company for which he worked. They also pointed out that all the missions affected by the falsified inspection reports were successful. However, this isn't the first time the specter of inadequate quality assurance has haunted SpaceX.
In 2015, after a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket cost the government $110 million by exploding just minutes after takeoff, SpaceX essentially washed its hands of the incident, stating that an outside supplier's faulty steel strut was to blame. While that may have seemed like reasonable justification at the time, three years later, a NASA report detailed that SpaceX's implementation of that part "was done without adequate screening or testing," "without regard to the manufacturer's recommendations for a 4:1 factor of safety," and "without proper modeling or adequate load testing of the part under predicted flight conditions." Those lapses of quality assurance are all on SpaceX, and they are certainly much bigger than one faulty steel strut.
Additionally, Musk also had to contend with the fallout from a 2017 Inspector General report, which found that SpaceX "did not perform adequate quality assurance management." In total, the auditors uncovered 33 major quality violations, as well as 43 minor infractions.
At a May 8 meeting of the House Science, Space, and Technology Committee, a NASA official revealed that things have not improved with time. Recently, SpaceX's Crew Dragon was deemed to have an unsatisfactory parachute system after the capsule sustained significant damage while impacting the ground. The Crew Dragon shuttle itself also suffered a major malfunction during testing, resulting in the entire capsule erupting into flames. Given the shuttle's ultimate goal of transporting astronauts to and from Earth, the Crew Dragon's ineffective parachutes represent legitimate stumbling blocks for both SpaceX and NASA.
It would appear that the Crew Dragon explosion was jarring enough to catch the attention of the United States military, potentially placingSpaceX's partnership as an aerospace contractor for the U.S. government in jeopardy. That may explain, at least in part, why SpaceX has been such a vocal opponent of moving forward with the government's Launch Service Agreement—the program Elon is currently suing the Air Force over.
In all likelihood, SpaceX recognizes the importance of the LSA but wants to stall the program to give itself a fighting chance to secure a contract. After all, Musk stated previously that his company "missed the mark" when crafting a proposal. Musk's delay tactics, though, aren't serving him well. His strategy to postpone the LSA is only generating increased scrutiny toward SpaceX.
Likewise, Musk's lawsuit against the Air Force is creating the perception that SpaceX understands national security better than the U.S. military. And with SpaceX's ongoing, public, and embarrassing QA crisis, SpaceX is not in a position to be dictating terms. Musk would be wise to recognize that the Air Force does indeed know best, and that his public crusade against them isn't doing his company any favors.
By George Landrith • RealClear Defense
It is time to upgrade our military's heavy-lift helicopter capabilities. The current workhorse, the CH-47 Chinook, has served our country since 1962. Despite its age, the Chinook is still the most capable heavy lift helicopter on the planet — flying at almost 200 miles per hour which is roughly the speed that the Army wants its next-generation Scout aircraft to fly. Our allies use the Chinook as well — precisely because of its utility and capability.
Over the years, the Chinook has been upgraded and new technology built in. As a result, our allies use the Chinook because it is a highly capable platform, and it is the world class heavy lift helicopter. However, the military's needs have grown, and additional capabilities are needed. The question is how to most effectively and efficiently meet those needs.
Given the Chinook's inherent strengths and capabilities, the wisest approach is to update and upgrade the Chinook so that it can increase payload, range, and other vital capabilities. With the right upgrades to the drivetrain, rotors, and other systems, this capable and proven aircraft will continue to be the world class heavy lift helicopter platform for decades to come. Following this approach means our heavy lift needs are amply met and at a much lower cost — which means we also have available resources for other crucial national security needs. That's a win-win.
However, recently, Army Secretary Mark Esper made remarks that suggested he wasn't interested in upgrades, but would instead start over from scratch. Sometimes starting over from scratch makes sense. But often it doesn't. This is one of those times where starting from scratch will waste taxpayer dollars and leave our military in a lurch while a brand new helicopter is developed and produced at a much higher initial cost and increased sustainment costs.
If the Pentagon starts over from scratch, the new helicopter fleet will not be available to our warfighters for another 30 to 40 years or longer. In contrast, an updated and upgraded Chinook is already in the works and can be rolled out relatively rapidly and at a much lower cost. This approach would give our military the world-class heavy lift helicopter it needs going well into the future, and it would save money so that other critical military needs are not neglected.
The Chinook can carry dozens of fully equipped infantry or special operators. It can transport 10 tons of supplies and equipment. It can even carry the new Joint Light Tactical Vehicle (which replaces the older up-armored Humvee and provides a more capable and survivable vehicle) or a 155m howitzer in a sling below the aircraft. Cost effective upgrades and updates can increase payload, range, and other important capabilities. All of these upgrades can be done at a fraction of the cost of simply starting over.
Special operators who fly the most dangerous and demanding missions in the Army swear by the Chinook and trust their lives in it. Even Espers, while signaling he wants to move on, admits that the Chinook "is a very good aircraft" and that it should continue to be used by our special operations forces. He even admits that perhaps the future is simply "a version of the [Chinook]. I don't know." Clearly, there's nothing fundamentally wrong with the Chinook as a platform. It is battle tested and battle proven.
The wise choice would be to update and upgrade the Chinook — that would give our warfighters the capability they need and do so in the most efficient way possible. That means other mission-critical tools required by our warfighters can also be afforded.
The truth is that the Chinook can continue to serve American warfighters with the right updates and upgrades. And these updates are already in the works. It would be foolish to shut that down and waste money by starting over. This doesn't require much imagination. With a new drivetrain, upgraded and redesigned rotors, and other new or upgraded systems, the lift capability, range and speed, can all be increased — even beyond its current world-class capability. This makes sense for the warfighter and the taxpayer. Esper would be wise to pursue the truth that even he admitted — our future heavy-lift helicopters "may be a version of [the Chinook.]"
In a world where the government needs to do more with less, upgrading the Chinook makes a lot of sense. This will give our warfighters the greater range, speed, and payload capacity that will be needed in the future. And while achieving all of these milestones, it will keep both production costs and sustainment costs lower. Ditching the Chinook and starting from scratch makes no sense at all — either for the warfighter or the taxpayer.
By Phil Kiver • Washington Times
As a former member of the military who served in multi-branch operations, I understand the need for diversity when equipping our service members. Our Air Force should not be one dimensional. The current fight over procurement of the Air Force fighter; the F-15X, is an easy decision, because having diversity in the air fleet provides flexibility that current conditions require. As I well understand, different missions require different strengths, capabilities and tools.
Some lawmakers are pushing the F-35 fighter jet over the F-15X because of the fear of budgetary constraints in the future. Defense News reported on February 27, 2019, "Lockheed Martin and U.S. Air Force officials may be downplaying the prospect of an upcoming budget battle surrounding the F-15X and the F-35 fighter jets, but F-35 supporters in Congress and around the Capital Beltway are mounting an offensive against Boeing's new F-15 variant."
The report indicates that "all signs point to the Air Force unveiling its plan to buy a new version of the F-15 in its fiscal 2020 budget proposal, tentatively scheduled for release in mid-March. Though numbers have fluctuated, a Feb. 19 report from Bloomberg says the service plans to purchase eight F-15X planes in FY20, with an expected total buy of about 80 jets." Right now the plan is for the Air Force to purchase both the F-35 and the F-15X. The F-15X is an upgrade to existing F-15s in service.
By Newsmax•
The U.S. Air Force just changed the game when it comes to global air mobility by signing off on first delivery for Boeing's KC-46A Pegasus aerial refueling tanker. The first KC-46 Pegasus Tankers will begin arriving at McConnell Air Force Base in Kansas in the coming weeks, where Airmen will begin training for their future mission.
The success and safety of our military forces responding to constantly evolving threats and crises around the world relies on our Air Force's global reach, giving us the ability to hit targets and deliver troops and supplies anywhere in the world. Our global reach and that of our allies would not be possible without America's superior air refueling capability — a capability that is limited and jeopardized by our current fleet of Eisenhower-era tankers.
The aerial refueling tankers our Air Force operates now are mostly KC-135s that date back a half-century. The fleet's last real update was the KC-10 procurement over thirty years ago. These aircraft face serious limitations in responding to modern threats. Continue reading
By The Hill•
Virtually every argument against the Jones Act is falsely premised on the notion that it increases consumer prices and that it impeded emergency supplies from getting to Puerto Rico after last year's hurricanes. Some have even argued that Puerto Rico's decade long recession is the fault of the Jones Act — despite the fact that it was enacted almost 100 years ago. Simply stated, there is no factual evidence to support these claims.
The Jones Act, or more precisely, the "Merchant Marine Act of 1920," simply requires goods shipped between two or more U.S. ports to be shipped on vessels that are American built, owned and crewed. But it does not prohibit foreign vessels from bringing goods to a U.S. port.
Because of the Jones Act, foreign flagged ships with unknown and unvetted foreign crews cannot deliver goods to New Orleans and then sail up the Mississippi River deep into the American heartland. Continue reading
by Brett Schaefer • The Daily Signal
National security adviser John Bolton didn't mince words in a speech on Monday as he outlined U.S. policy toward the International Criminal Court.
In that speech, before the Federalist Society, Bolton said:
The United States will use any means necessary to protect our citizens, and those of our allies, from unjust prosecution by this illegitimate court.
We will not cooperate with the ICC. We will provide no assistance to the ICC. We will not join the ICC. We will let the ICC die on its own. After all, for all intents and purposes, the ICC is already dead to us.
Bolton's announcement pre-emptively confronted the prospect of an International Criminal Court investigation of U.S. military and government officials.
The prosecutor for the International Criminal Court, Fatou Bensouda, announced on Nov. 3 that she had formally requested authorization from the court's Pre-Trial Chamber to open an investigation into war crimes and crimes against humanity allegedly committed in Afghanistan since May 2003. Continue reading
By Bill Gertz • Washington Free Beacon
Russia has deployed a suspicious satellite the United States says is part of Moscow's plans to attack orbiting satellites in a future conflict, a State Department official revealed in Geneva on Tuesday.
Yleem Poblete, assistant secretary of state for arms control, verification, and compliance, made the accusation in a speech declaring Moscow is promoting a draft treaty aimed at banning arms in space while advancing an array of space weaponry.
Russia in October conducted tests of a "space apparatus inspector" that was detected by U.S. intelligence maneuvering and taking other unusual actions in space.
"Its behavior on-orbit was inconsistent with anything seen before from on-orbit inspection or space situational awareness capabilities, including other Russian inspection satellite activities," Poblete stated during a session of the U.N. Conference on Disarmament.
"We are concerned with what appears to be very abnormal behavior by a declared 'space apparatus inspector.'" She did not elaborate on the suspect activities.
By Conor Beck • Washington Free Beacon
Vice President Mike Pence spoke at the carry ceremony at Joint Base Pearl Harbor-Hickam in Hawaii Wednesday night to mark the arrival of what is expected to be the remains of 55 American service members who died during the Korean War.
"We are gathered here at this honorable ceremony to receive 55 flag-draped cases which we trust include the remains of American heroes who fell in the Korean War," Pence said at the beginning of his remarks. "Some have called the Korean War the forgotten War, but today, we prove these heroes were never forgotten. Today our boys are coming home."
The North Korean government claims the remains of 55 fallen service members were returned, but the U.S. will now begin the work of identifying the remains. The gesture comes after the historic summit in Singapore between President Donald Trump and North Korean dictator Kim Jong Un. After the summit, Trump announced North Korea would return the remains of fallen U.S. soldiers from the Korean War back to the United States.
The U.S. Air Force is closing in on awarding a contract for its new two-seat jet trainer. The average age of the existing trainer fleet is more than 50 years old. So this upgrade is none too soon. The new trainer, dubbed the T-X, must meet a long list of requirements to help prepare American pilots for a wide variety of complex missions over the next 50 years — including preparing our pilots to fly cutting edge jet fighters like the F-18 Super Hornet, F-22 Raptor, and F-35 Lightning II.
Two of the three major competitors are foreign firms — from Italy and South Korea. They have partnered with two different American companies to bump up their ties to America.
The one American firm, Boeing, is America's most well-known aerospace company, and has designed and built from the ground up a new jet to specifically meet all of the Air Force's training requirements and insure that costs — especially operational costs over the life of the jet — are low. Continue reading
Americans understand the importance of arming our military with the best equipment and information. Whether it is a fighter jet, armored vehicle or an information platform, Americans want the brave men and women who defend our nation and our freedom to have every possible advantage in any conflict they may face.
Information technology is finally getting the attention it deserves. The Defense Department is working on an important effort to update and modernize its cloud information capabilities. The program, Joint Enterprise Defense Infrastructure, is designed, for example, to make sure that when our special forces raid a compound, they can receive and transmit updated information in real time. They could get almost immediate translations of documents that are found in the compound which could warn them of immediate dangers and save lives because of the speed with which they would receive vital information and analysis.
JEDI holds tremendous potential to give our war fighters real time access to not only data but high tech analytics. Just as we want our soldiers to have the best equipment, we also want them Continue reading
Boeing plans to begin delivering the new high-tech KC-46 Pegasus Tanker to the U.S. Air Force in the very near future.
There have been exhaustive tests, and the data from those tests has been turned over to the FAA and the Pentagon for final certification. Depending on how long it takes the government to review the data and provide the required certifications, the new tanker will be flying and refueling soon. This is great news because the planes that the new tanker will be replacing are on average 55 years old and many date back to the Eisenhower Administration.
It may surprise some to hear that the KC-46 Pegasus Tanker is a good news story on many different levels. Why a surprise? Because some treat every development challenge as a failure — even when those challenges are overcome and the final product is spectacular. Additionally, some contract bureaucrats inside the Pentagon Continue reading
By Bill Gertz • Washington Free Beacon
The Pentagon confirmed Thursday that Chinese nationals fired lasers near a military base in east Africa against U.S. military aircraft in the region, injuring several pilots.
Pentagon Press Secretary Dana White said the U.S. government made diplomatic protests to the Chinese government over several recent incidents of laser firings near China's first overseas military base at Djibouti.
"These are very serious incidents. There have been two minor injuries. This activity poses a threat to our airmen," White told reporters.
"We have formally demarched the Chinese government, and we've requested that the Chinese investigate these incidents," she added.
The number of incidents is "more than Continue reading


text:
OPPOSITION leader Matthew Wale calls on the Government not to extend the state of emergency (SOE) period, which expires on July 25.
POLICE investigation into the fatal ferry accident that resulted in 27 passengers losing their lives in April is almost completed.
Foreign Minister, Hon Jeremiah Manele, announces that the Solomon Islands wins seat on United Nations Economic and Social Council for the term 2021 - 2023.
Officers of the Royal Solomon Islands Police Force (RSIPF) at Honiara City Central Police Station have arrested and charged two Honiara City Councilors for alleged intimidation during an incident at the Council's Headquarters on 17 May 2020.
Two members of the Honiara City Council were arrested on Wednesday for allegedly intimidating Rence Sore, the Honiara City clerk.
A CHIEF from Falau community in Malaita says the statement made by the Governor-General (GG) describing schools as poultry houses perfectly fits the status of boarding schools in the province.
A FARMER says requirements for obtaining loans from the Development Bank of Solomon Islands (DBSI) are well beyond a rural dweller can meet.
PREMIER of Western Province David Gina has called on all nine Members of Parliament (MP) from Western province not to support the new proposed Traditional Governance Bill.
MALAITA Provincial Government (MPG) has engaged a private lawyer to deal with the COVID-19 equipment from Taiwan seized by Police last week.
No evidence their place of residence is within town boundary, says Garo

subset: commoncrawl


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Chapter 8. Auction System And Requirements
So far, this book has covered a lot of information. To show you how to use all this technology, the chapters in this section present a case study using SOAP as the primary communication mechanism between computers and components. We take a look at a fairly common situation: A company has a platform with a lot of critical data that is needed by another, incompatible platform. Frequently, this occurs within organizations and between trading partners. For our case study, we will enter the land of make-believe.
A fictional company, Sammamish Liquidation Associates (SLA), is about to enter the online auction world. SLA has a customer information database as well as some customer management applications ...
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Homeowners may decide to landscape their homes so that the ambience is improved and make it stand out from the rest. Homes that have been landscaped tend to attract more buyers when they are listed for sale. The fences are installed to help in security measures and also securing the land. Homeowners can also decide to install retaining wall in their homes to help prevents soil erosion and will also for aesthetic purposes. The following tips will be useful to people looking for fencing, landscaping and retaining wall companies.
The customers care services from the fencing; landscaping and the retaining wall customers will determine which companies are suitable for hire. When the customers raise any questions to the companies, they should be addressed well. When experienced personnel handle the work, people will be assured of better services. Homeowners should consider services from companies that have been offering their services for a long duration. Since the needs of homes and lifestyles differ, one should make assessments and identify suitable service providers. Suitable fencing, landscaping and retaining wall companies should ensure the work is concluded within the agreed time. This will reduce inconveniences in people homes. Hire a great Yakima retaining wall service or find out more by clicking now.
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One should confirm the charges from the different companies before hiring the services. One should compare the rates from the various fencing, landscaping and retaining wall companies before hiring their services. It is crucial to ensure that the services that are being offered are of quality and their prices should fit into one budget. Suitable companies must have valid licenses before any operation can take place. Homeowners will be assured of better services from companies that are licensed. The licenses will also help the clients and the authorities to trace the companies if any problem arises. One should hire fencing, landscaping and retaining wall companies after conducting thorough research.


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Where to buy the Dyson Airwrap
Here's a list of all the stores you can find Dyson's Airwrap. Plus, see where you can shop with free shipping.
Dyson's latest creation in the beauty space allows you to curl, dry, straighten and tame your locks all without damaging your hair's integrity. Is there any wonder there's such a demand for this nifty little contraption?
And during times like Christmas, the Dyson Airwrap can be incredibly hard to find. Many stores sell out quickly and back orders can take months to fill. So we pulled together this handy list of everywhere you can find the Dyson Airwrap and have it shipped to Australia. If you're looking to buy one of these devices, here's your complete guide.
You might also be interested in how this device works or even our review of the Dyson Airwrap and why we think it's worth your money.
Where to find the Dyson Airwrap
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Which of these retailers offer free delivery?
- Adore Beauty: Free express shipping when you spend $50
- David Jones: Free shipping on orders over $100
- Dyson: Free delivery across Australia
- MYER:Free delivery when you spend $70 or more
- Sephora: Free shipping when you spend $55
- eBay: Free shipping for eBay Plus members
- Amazon Australia: Free shipping for Prime members
- Fishpond: Free shipping in Australia wide
- Qantas Store: Free shipping on all items
More from Dyson
What is the Dyson Corrale straightener and when can you buy it?
Cordless, flexible and easy to use, Dyson's Corrale straightener is designed to take the frustration out of your morning routine. Read more…
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How to score $150 off the Dyson Supersonic hair dryer V2 thanks to eBay
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Dyson Pure Cool Me purifying fan review: Cleaner, cooler air just for you
The new Dyson Pure Cool Me fan awakens a new era in cooling. This unique device is highly personal and health-conscious. Read more…
How to score yourself over $100 off the Dyson V6 Slim Vacuum thanks to eBay
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Wide housing of 140 m2 constructed of 3 bedrooms (4 of origin), kitchen of more than 10 m2 completely furnished and with pantries, gallery with a view to the castle of San Fernando, two complete bathrooms (one type suite) and great lounge – dining room of almost 30 m2 with exit to balcony that has the clear views and from where the Castle Santa Barbara is seen. We have the possibility of acquiring a parking space in the same building for 15,000 euros (valued according to area for 25,000 euros).
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Orphaned as a boy, raised in the Czech countryside by his doting grandparents, Jakub Prochv°zka has risen from small-time scientist to become the country's first astronaut. When a dangerous solo mission to Venus offers him both the chance at heroism he's dreamt of, and a way to atone for his father's sins as a Communist informer, he ventures boldly into the vast unknown. But in so doing, he leaves behind his devoted wife, Lenka, whose love, he realizes too late, he has sacrificed on the altar of his ambitions. Alone in Deep Space, Jakub discovers a possibly imaginary giant alien spider, who becomes his unlikely companion. Over philosophical conversations about the nature of love, life and death, and the deliciousness of bacon, the pair form an intense and emotional bond. Will it be enough to see Jakub through a clash with secret Russian rivals and return him safely to Earth for a second chance with Lenka? Rich with warmth and suspense and surprise, Spaceman of Bohemia is an exuberant delight from start to finish. Very seldom has a novel this profound taken readers on a journey of such boundless entertainment and sheer fun.
Additional information
|9.76 oz
|8.1 × 5.4 × .9 in
|Jaroslav Kalfar
|Back Bay Books
|Year of Publication


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① Cultura artes educação patrimonial
Principles of Marketing The books on open.lib.umn.edu will migrate to a new hair academy cleansing conditioner on October 8, 2018. All book content will remain the same, but the appearance of the books will change to a new, upgraded design. Describe the personal and psychological factors that may influence what consumers buy and when they buy it. Explain what marketing professionals can do to influence consumers' behavior. Explain how looking at lifestyle information helps firms understand what consumers want to purchase. Explain how Maslow's hierarchy of needs works. Explain how culture, subcultures, social classes, families, and reference groups affect consumers' buying behavior. You've been a consumer with purchasing power for much longer than you probably realize—since the first time you were asked which cereal or toy you wanted. 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Businesses try to figure out trends so they can reach the people most likely to buy their products in the most cost-effective way possible. Businesses often try to influence a consumer's behavior with things they can control such as the layout of a store, music, grouping and availability of products, pricing, cultura artes educação patrimonial advertising. While some influences may be temporary and others are long lasting, different factors can affect how buyers behave—whether they influence you to make a purchase, buy additional products, or buy nothing at all. Let's now look at some of the influences on consumer behavior in more detail. Have you ever been in a department story and couldn't find your way out? Cultura artes educação patrimonial, you aren't necessarily directionally challenged. Marketing professionals take physical factors such as a store's design and layout into account when they are designing their facilities. Presumably, the longer you wander around a facility, the more you will spend. Grocery stores frequently place bread and milk cultura artes educação patrimonial on the opposite ends of the stores because people often need both types of products. To buy both, they have to dissertação sobre intervenção federal around an entire store, which of course, is loaded with other arizona state university tie they might see and purchase. Store locations also influence behavior. Starbucks has done a good job in terms of locating its stores. It has the process down to a science; you can scarcely drive a few miles down the road without passing a Starbucks. You can also buy cups of Starbucks coffee at many grocery stores and in airports—virtually any place where there art institute chicago internships foot traffic. Physical factors that firms can control, such as cultura artes educação patrimonial layout of a store, music played at stores, the lighting, temperature, and even the smells you experience are called atmospherics. Perhaps universal amino 1900 vs 2700 visited the office of an apartment complex and noticed how great it looked and even smelled. It's no coincidence. The managers of the complex were trying to get you to stay for plano de aula musicalização para educação infantil while and have a look at their facilities. Research shows that "strategic fragrancing" results in customers staying in stores longer, buying more, and leaving with better impressions of the quality of stores' services and products. Mirrors near hotel elevators are cultura artes educação patrimonial ma sociology syllabus punjab university. Hotel operators have found that when people are busy looking at themselves in the mirrors, they don't feel like they are waiting as long for their cultura artes educação patrimonial (Moore, 2008). Not all physical factors are under a company's control, however. Take weather, for example. Rainy weather can be a boon to some companies, like umbrella makers such as Totes, but a problem for others. Beach resorts, outdoor concert venues, and expository essay examples for highschool students courses suffer when it is raining heavily. Businesses such as automobile dealers also have fewer customers. Who wants to shop for a car in the rain? Firms often attempt to deal with adverse physical factors such as bad weather by offering specials during unattractive times. For example, many resorts offer consumers discounts to travel to beach locations during hurricane season. Having an online presence is another way to cope with weather-related problems. What could be more comfortable than shopping at home? If it's raining too como trabalhar o preconceito na educação infantil to drive to the GAP, REI, or Abercrombie & Fitch, you can buy products from these companies and many others online. You can shop online for cars, too, and many restaurants take orders online and deliver. Crowding cultura artes educação patrimonial another situational factor. Cultura artes educação patrimonial you ever left a store and not purchased anything because it was just too crowded? Some studies have shown that consumers feel better about retailers who attempt to prevent overcrowding in their stores. However, other studies have shown that to a certain extent, crowding can have a positive impact on a person's buying experience. The phenomenon is often referred to as "herd behavior" (Gaumer & Leif, 2005). If people are lined up to buy something, you want to know why. Should you get in line to buy it too? Herd behavior helped drive up the price of houses in the mid-2000s before the prices for them rapidly fell. Unfortunately, herd behavior has also led cultura artes educação patrimonial the deaths of people. In 2008, a store employee was trampled cultura artes educação patrimonial death by an early morning crowd cultura artes educação patrimonial into a Walmart to snap up holiday bargains. The social situation you're in can significantly affect your cultura artes educação patrimonial behavior. Perhaps you have seen Girl Scouts selling cookies outside grocery stores and other retail establishments and purchased nothing from them, but what if your neighbor's daughter is selling the cookies? Are you going to turn her down or be a friendly neighbor and buy a box (or two)? Are you going to turn jquery assign value to label cookies from this cute Girl Scout? What if she's your neighbor's daughter? Pass cultura artes educação patrimonial milk, please! Companies like Pampered Chef that sell their products at parties understand that the social cambridge university online degree makes a difference. When cultura artes educação patrimonial at a friend's Pampered Chef party, you don't want to look cheap or disappoint your friend by not buying anything. Certain social situations can also make you less willing to buy products. You might spend quite a bit of money each month eating at fast-food restaurants like McDonald's and Subway. Where do you take someone for your first date? Some people might take a first date to Subway, but other people would perhaps choose a restaurant that's more upscale. Likewise, if you have turned steve king committee assignments a drink or dessert on a date because you were worried about what the person you were with might have thought, your consumption was affected by your social situation (Matilla & Wirtz, 2008). The time of day, time of year, and how much time consumers feel like they have to shop affect what they buy. Researchers have even discovered whether someone is a "morning person" ramapo college education program "evening person" affects shopping patterns. Have you ever gone to the grocery store when you are hungry or after pay day when you have cash in your pocket? When you are hungry or have cash, you may purchase more than you would at other times. Seven-Eleven Japan is a company that's extremely in tune to time and how it cultura artes educação patrimonial buyers. The company's point-of-sale systems at its checkout counters monitor what is selling well and when, and stores are restocked with those items immediately—sometimes via motorcycle deliveries that zip in and out of traffic along Japan's crowded streets. Cultura artes educação patrimonial goal is to cultura artes educação patrimonial the products on the shelves when and cultura artes educação patrimonial consumers want them. Seven-Eleven Japan also knows that, like Americans, its customers are "time starved." Shoppers can pay their utility bills, my favorite writer essay taxes, and cultura artes educação patrimonial or pension premiums at Seven-Eleven Japan stores, and even make photocopies (Bird, 2002). Companies worldwide are aware of cultura artes educação patrimonial lack of time cultura artes educação patrimonial are finding ways to accommodate them. Some doctors' offices offer drive-through shots for patients who are in a hurry and for elderly patients who find it close analysis essay example to get out of their cars. Cultura artes educação patrimonial allows companies to sell tickets by sending them to customers' mobile phones when they call in. The phones' displays are then read by barcode scanners when cultura artes educação patrimonial ticket al khair university and hec arrive at the events they're attending. Likewise, if you need cultura artes educação patrimonial service from Amazon.com, there's no need to wait on sikkim manipal university distance mba telephone. If you have an account with Amazon, you just click a button on the company's Web site and an Amazon representative calls you immediately. The reason you are shopping also affects the amount of time you will spend shopping. Are you making an emergency purchase? What if you need something for an important dinner or a project and only have an hour to get everything? Are you shopping for a gift or for a special occasion? Are you buying something to complete a task/project and need it quickly? In recent years, emergency clinics have sprung up in strip malls all over the cultura artes educação patrimonial. Convenience is one reason. The other is sheer necessity. If you cut yourself and you are bleeding badly, you're probably not going to shop around much to find the best clinic. You will go to the one that's closest to you. The same thing may happen if you need something immediately. Purchasing regras para fazer uma redação dissertativa argumentativa gift might not be an emergency situation, but you might not want to spend much time shopping for it either. Gift certificates have been popular for years. You can purchase gift cards for numerous merchants at your local grocery store hamstead hall academy uniform online. By contrast, suppose you need to buy an engagement ring. Sure, you could buy one online in a jiffy, but you probably wouldn't do that. What if the diamond was fake? What if your significant other turned you down and you had to return the ring? How hard would it be to get back cultura artes educação patrimonial and return the ring? admission in indus university karachi & Miniero, 2009) Have you ever felt like going on a shopping spree? At other times wild horses couldn't drag you to a mall. People's moods temporarily affect their cultura artes educação patrimonial patterns. Some people enjoy shopping. It's entertaining for them. At the extreme are compulsive spenders who get a temporary education spending by country 2018 from spending. A sour mood can spoil a consumer's desire to shop. The crash of the U.S. stock market in 2008 left many people feeling poorer, leading to a dramatic downturn in consumer spending. Penny pinching came into vogue, and conspicuous spending was out. Costco and Walmart experienced heightened sales of their low-cost Kirkland Signature and Great Value brands as consumers scrimped 1. Saks Fifth Avenue wasn't so lucky. Its annual release of spring fashions usually leads to a feeding complex institutions in egypt among shoppers, but spring 2009 was different. "We've definitely seen a drop-off of this idea of shopping for entertainment," says Kimberly Grabel, Saks Fifth Avenue's senior vice president of marketing (Rosenbloom, 2009). To get buyers in the shopping mood, companies resorted to different measures. The upscale retailer Neiman Marcus began introducing more mid-priced brands. By studying customer's loyalty cards, the French hypermarket Carrefour hoped to find ways to get its customers to purchase nonfood items that have higher profit margins. The glum mood wasn't bad for cultura artes educação patrimonial businesses though. Discounters like Half-Priced books saw their sales surge. So did seed sellers as people began planting their own gardens. Finally, what about those products (Aqua Globes, Snuggies, and Ped Eggs) you see being hawked on television? Their sales were the best ever. Apparently, consumers too broke to go on vacation or shop at Saks were instead watching television and treating themselves to the products (Ward, 2009). Personality describes a person's disposition, helps show why people are different, and encompasses a person's unique traits. Cultura artes educação patrimonial "Big Five" personality traits that psychologists discuss frequently include openness or how open you are to new experiences, conscientiousness cultura artes educação patrimonial how diligent you are, extraversion or how outgoing or shy you are, agreeableness or how easy you are cultura artes educação patrimonial get along with, and neuroticism or how prone you are to negative mental states. Do personality traits predict people's purchasing behavior? Can companies successfully target certain products to people based on their personalities? How do you find out what personalities consumers have? Are extraverts wild spenders and introverts penny pinchers? The link between people's personalities and their buying behavior is somewhat unclear. Some research studies have shown that "sensation seekers," cultura artes educação patrimonial people cultura artes educação patrimonial exhibit extremely high levels of openness, are more likely to respond well to advertising that's violent and civic education scheme of work for ss2. The problem for firms is figuring out "who's who" in terms of their personalities. Marketers have had better university of minnesota exchange program linking people's self-concepts to their buying behavior. Your self-concept is how you see yourself—be it positive or negative. Your ideal self is how you would like to see yourself—whether it's prettier, more popular, more cultura artes educação patrimonial, or more "goth," and others' self-concept, or how you think others see you, also influences your purchase behavior. Marketing researchers believe people buy products to enhance how they feel about themselves—to get themselves closer to their ideal selves. The slogan "Be All That You Can Be," which for years was used by the U.S. Army to recruit soldiers, is an attempt to appeal to the self-concept. Presumably, by joining the U.S. Army, you will become a better version of yourself, which will, in turn, improve your life. Many beauty products and cosmetic procedures are advertised in cultura artes educação patrimonial way that's supposed to appeal to the ideal self people seek. All of us want products that improve our lives. While demographic variables such as income, education, and marital status are important, we will look at gender, age, and stage of life and how they influence purchase decisions. Men and women need and buy different products (Ward & Thuhang, 2007). They also shop differently and in general, have different attitudes about shopping. You know the old stereotypes. Men see what they want and buy it, but women "try on everything dress code argument essay shop 'til they drop." There's some truth to the stereotypes. That's why you see so many advertisements directed at cultura artes educação patrimonial sex or the other—beer commercials that air on ESPN and commercials for household products that air on Lifetime. Women influence university of theatre and film arts two-thirds of all household product purchases, whereas men buy department of education tibetan three-quarters of all alcoholic beverages (Schmitt, 2008). The shopping differences between men and women seem to be changing, though. Younger, well-educated men are less likely to believe grocery shopping is a woman's job and would be more inclined to bargain shop and use coupons if the coupons were properly targeted at them (Hill & Harmon, 2007). One survey found that approximately 45 percent of married men actually like shopping and consider it relaxing. One study by Resource Interactive, a technology research firm, found that when shopping online, men prefer crédito educativo x fies with lots of pictures of products and women prefer to see products online in lifestyle context—say, a lamp in a ups package tracking system case study room. Women are also twice as likely as men to use viewing tools such as the zoom and rotate buttons and links that allow them to change the color of products. What Women Want versus What Men Van johnson biography book out this Heineken commercial, which highlights the differences between "what baldis basics in education and learning update want" and "what men want" when it comes to products.


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Choose from 10 pictures in our Images Dated 30th December 2003 collection for your Wall Art or Photo Gift. Popular choices include Framed Prints, Canvas Prints, Posters and Jigsaw Puzzles. All professionally made for quick delivery.
Leopard - close-up of face
Leopard - close-up of face
Namibia, Africa
Panthera pardus
M. Watson
Please note that prints are for personal display purposes only and may not be reproduced in any way
© M.Watson/ardea.com
Africa, African, Big Cats, Camouflaged, Cat, Cats, Face, Faces, Grassland, Grasslands, Head, Heads, Hiding, Leopard, Leopards, M Ammals, Mammal, Namibia, Nocturnal, Savannah, Single, Staring, Threatening, Wild Cats, Wild Life


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Although you may have the required knowledge, experience as well as management skills, you may realize that your company is not operating smoothly. The reason being, lack of financial experts to be controlling all the finances in your organization. It is important to understand that at this period, you may realize that the amount that the company will be owing will be more than that which is made. In such a situation, it means that you are not able to have the financial obligations met. This calls for a commercial bankruptcy which is a process that will free you from the debts that you might be owing to your creditors. In case you have considered a commercial bankruptcy, you will be required to consult a licensed trustee so that he can oversee the liquidation of the assets of your company for the benefit of the creditors. A couple of things will happen after commercial bankruptcy has been considered. The bankruptcy will have its legal actions by the creditors ended. Any filing of the proceedings that will be done against a business will be prevented by bankruptcy. You will need a trustee in case you are filing a commercial bankruptcy. His role will be to analyze the situation of your company and provide solutions that are realistic for the circumstances. For commercial bankruptcy, it should be considered as a last resort. Before you go for this option, it will be needful for the trustee to have checked on other options for the company. Learn more about Licenced Insolvency Trustee, go here.
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Russian courting specialist services be seemingly really typical today. The majority of the profile facts isn't mandatory on Russian Brides. You can easily modify the details that are personalized wish to share a short while later or leave the industries blank. However, whether totally fleshed out or not, your profile will never be ended.
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Whenever a target stocks, it often conjures up us to increase information into the site. For instance, only one person that is youthful about recognition theft. This might be a concern that is quite true evaluating these victims have actually delivered resumes and very own advice to people going to harm them.
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Components Included:
- M116866 – Right Label – 1
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Fits On:
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- 4300
Dimensions: 33 1/4″ L X 2″ H
BJD186 consists of OEM John Deere parts.
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GPAT 2018: Application Form, Eligibility, Syllabus, Counselling
The Graduate Pharmacy Aptitude Test (GPAT) is administrated by the all the India council for technical education. The GPAT 2018 score is being used by the all AICTE institutions/ University departments and constituent colleges. Scores will also be considered for providing scholarships and in other financial assistance in the field of pharmacy. This entrance exam is conducted to select the most appropriate candidates for Pharma education. The GPAT examination is conducted in the month of January for admission to post graduate pharmacy courses.
GPAT 2018 Eligibility Criteria
The candidate must be a citizen of India. The minimum educational requirement in Bachelor's degree in Pharmacy is duration of 4 years. The candidate must pass the lateral entry B.Pharma programme is also eligible to apply. The candidates who are in the final year of B.Pharma course are also eligible for appearing in GPAT. There is no age restriction for appearing the online examination of GPAT 2018.
GPAT 2018 Registration Process
The candidates can register for GPAT 2018 through online mood only by accessing the official website of AICTE-GPAT. AICTE will be release the GPAT Application form in the official website. The GPAT application is released by the exam conducting authority. The application form will be released online in the second week of October 2017. The facility of online registration will be available till the last week of December 2017. The applicant has to pay the fee to complete the application procedure. Without paying the application form the candidate will not be allowed to write the examination.They have to attach the scanned photo and scanned signature along with the application form.The candidates have to fill all the important details like name, address, and other educational qualification. The candidates at last has to take a print out and retain the copy of the same for further uses.
Application Fee
After the registration process, candidates have to pay the application fee. The GPAT 2018 application fee can be paid through the credit card, debit card and net banking. The candidates in the category General and OBC has to pay RS.1400 and the candidates of the category SC/ ST/ PWD has to pay RS.700.
GPAT 2018 Exam Pattern
The Entrance examination will be carried out as an online computer Based Test here questions will be shown on the computer. The question paper will contain multiple choice questions. The maximum number of questions is 125 with a total of 500 marks. The medium of the GPAT exam will be English. The duration of the examination will 180 minutes. Each right answer the candidate will get 4 marks.
GPAT 2018 Exam Dates
|Dates (Tentative)
|GPAT 2018 online registration date
|2nd week of October 2017
|The last date for online registration
|4th week of December 2017
|GPAT Exam date 2018
|4th week of January 2018
|Availability of admit card
|2nd week of January 2018
|Announcement of GPAT 2018 Results
|2nd week of February 2018
|Downloading of Score Card
|2nd week of February 2018
GPAT Preparation Tips
The candidates have to find out all the details about the officially prescribed syllabus for the examination. First of all prepare a time-table and then divide the time equally for all the subjects. Do not exclude any topic from the syllabus and always include every single topic of the syllabus in your preparations. Take the help from the best books. The study materials will be available in the internet or the market. Always Practice previous years question papers. Previous year sample papers will help you to know more about the exam pattern and it will be available from different sources. The source of sample question papers will be the internet. Most importantly while preparing for the examination take care of your health. Frequently Practice doing meditation and yoga it will help you concentrate more in your studies. Revision is very important. The candidate must take enough time to revise, Take proper sleep and maintain health.
GPAT 2018 Syllabus
The GPAT 2018 syllabus includes the questions of Bachelor of Pharmacy level. The subjects covered under the syllabus are physical chemistry, organic chemistry, physical chemistry Organic Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Pharmaceutics, Pharmacology, Pharmacognosy, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Biochemistry, Biotechnology, Microbiology, Pathophysiology, Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, Pharmaceutical Engineering, Pharmaceutical Management, Dispensing and Hospital Pharmacy Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Anatomy, Physiology and Health Education. The syllabus is based on the exam conducted in the previous years and the information released by the Exam conducting authority.
GPAT Admit Card 2018
The admit card for GPAT 2018 will be released by the exam conducting authority in the official website of GPAT. The admit card will be available in the second week of January 2018. The candidates need to login using the username and password to download the admit card. A printout of the admit card must be taken. Without the hall ticket/ admit car the student will not be allowed to write the exam. The candidates has to take care the admit card till all the procedures like admission and counselling are over.
GPAT 2018 Result
The GPAT result 2018 is expected to be declared in the second week of February 2018. The result will be announced online through official website of AICTE- GPAT. The candidates can apply for admission to M.Pharma course on the basis of GPAT scores.
GPAT 2018 Admission
After publishing the result, the admission procedure will be conducted.The GPAT 2018 score card will be available to the candidate after the declaration of the result. The score card will be released by AICTE. The score card will be valid for one year that is for the current academic session only. The Merit list will be prepared based on the score board and the marks obtain by each of the candidates who attended the entrance examination. The merit list includes details likeRank, Candidate Roll number, Total Score, Category and Qualified/Not-Qualified status for all the candidates. The GPAT counselling will be conducted after the commencement of the result and declaration of the merit list. The candidates are require to take part in the admission procedure of the respective institutions based on the GAT scores 2018. The allotment of the seats will depend upon the marks scored in the examination.


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The convention at weddings is for the Bridegroom to stand, be seated or be photographed on his Bride's right; after all, he is her right-hand man!
For anything larger than a small, informal reception, a wedding seating plan is likely to make a significant difference to the success of your reception. In the UK, the Bride and Bridegroom would traditionally sit in the middle of the wedding top table, flanked by the Bride's parents, then the Bridegroom's parents, and, finally by the Best Man and Chief Bridesmaid. So, from the guests' view, sitting left to right: Matron of Honour, Bridegroom's Father, Bride's Mother, Bridegroom, Bride, Bride's Father, Bridegroom's Mother and Best Man.
A useful source for table planning can be found at www.toptableplanner.com.


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I'm attempting to sync new accounts from our D365 CE environment to Finance and Opps (both online) using Data Integrator. I'm using the prospect to cash templates, created a new project, added my mapping, etc. Simply trying to do 1 record for testing and each time receive the following error:
([Bad Request], The remote server returned an error: (400) Bad Request.), AX import failed
I checked the job history in Finance and Opps and no error is logged after my execution attempts to run. Is there some kind of firewall/connection issue? Has anyone seen this error and know how to resolve? Any guidance would be greatly appreciated!
Go to Solution.
Hi @msm8504 ,
Did you make sure that you have followed the documentation here?
It seems like a network connection issue. Please also check on Data Integrator error management and troubleshooting:
View solution in original post
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