text:
European storm petrel
|European storm petrel
|Scientific classification
F. Boie, 1822
H. pelagicus
|Binomial name
|Hydrobates pelagicus
H. p. pelagicus (Linnaeus, 1758)
|European and Mediterranean
range of H. pelagicus
(Full range extends into
the South Atlantic Ocean)[1] Known or probable breeding colonies At-sea range in Northern Hemisphere summer
The European storm petrel, British storm petrel, or just storm petrel (Hydrobates pelagicus) is a seabird in the northern storm petrel family, Hydrobatidae. It is the only member of the genus Hydrobates. The small, square-tailed bird is entirely black except for a broad, white rump and a white band on the under wings, and it has a fluttering, bat-like flight. The large majority of the population breeds on islands off the coasts of Europe, with the greatest numbers in the Faroe Islands, United Kingdom, Ireland, and Iceland. The Mediterranean population is a separate subspecies, but is inseparable at sea from its Atlantic relatives; its strongholds are Filfla Island (Malta), Sicily, and the Balearic Islands.
The storm petrel nests in crevices and burrows, sometimes shared with other seabirds or rabbits, and lays a single white egg, usually on bare soil. The adults share the lengthy incubation and both feed the chick, which is not normally brooded after the first week. This bird is strongly migratory, spending the Northern Hemisphere winter mainly off the coasts of South Africa and Namibia, with some birds stopping in the seas adjoining West Africa, and a few remaining near their Mediterranean breeding islands. This petrel is strictly oceanic outside the breeding season. It feeds on small fish, squid, and zooplankton, while pattering on the sea's surface, and can find oily edible items by smell. The food is converted in the bird's stomach to an oily orange liquid, which is regurgitated when the chick is fed. Although usually silent at sea, the storm petrel has a chattering call given by both members of a pair in their courtship flight, and the male has a purring song given from the breeding chamber.
The storm petrel cannot survive on islands where land mammals such as rats and cats have been introduced, and it suffers natural predation from gulls, skuas, owls, and falcons. Although the population may be declining slightly, this petrel is classified by the International Union for Conservation of Nature as being of least concern due to its high total numbers. Its presence in rough weather at sea has led to various mariners' superstitions, and by analogy, to its use as a symbol by revolutionary and anarchist groups.
The storm petrels, Hydrobatidae, are one of the four major families of the Procellariiformes or "tubenoses", an order of seabirds that also includes the albatrosses, the Procellariidae, and the diving petrels.[2] The family is an ancient group of small species that is thought to have diverged early from the rest of the tubenoses; the supporting fossil record is poor, with specimens from California dating back only to the Late Miocene (11.6–5.3 million years ago). The Hydrobatidae are often divided into two subfamilies, the mainly Southern Hemisphere Oceanitinae and the northern Hydrobatinae;[3] cytochrome b DNA sequence analysis suggests that these might be full families.[4] The European storm petrel is the only member of the genus Hydrobates, the remainder of the Hydrobatinae being placed in Oceanodroma, although the least storm petrel is sometimes separated as the sole member of Halocyptena.[3] The relationships within the Hydrobatinae are complex and uncertain, and all the members of the subfamily could be subsumed into an enlarged Hydrobates.[5]
The storm petrel was first described by Carl Linnaeus in his landmark 1758 10th edition of Systema Naturae as Procellaria pelagica.[6] It was moved to the genus Hydrobates by Friedrich Boie in 1822.[7][8] "Petrel", first recorded in 1602, is a corruption of pitteral, referring to the bird's pitter-pattering across the water. The suggestion that the word refers to St Peter walking on the waves is a later invention. Storm arises from seamen's association of this bird with bad weather.[9] In English, the name of the species was written as "stormy petrel" by some 19th-century authors.[10]
The scientific name derives from Ancient Greek; Hydrobates is from hudro, water, and bates, walker,[11] and pelagicus is from pelagikos, of the sea.[12][13] There are two recognised subspecies, the North Atlantic nominate subspecies, H. p. pelagicus (Linnaeus, 1758), and the Mediterranean H. p. melitensis (Schembri, 1843).[2] Although there is some genetic support for classifying the southern form as a separate species,[14] the morphology is not considered sufficiently different from that of the nominate subspecies to justify a split.[3]
The storm petrel is a small bird, 14–18 cm (5.5–7.1 in) in length with a 36–39 cm (14–15 in) wingspan.[16] It weighs 20–38 g (0.71–1.34 oz), with an average of 28 g (0.99 oz).[17] It is square-tailed and has all-black plumage except for a snow-white rump that extends to the sides of the tail base and a broad white band on the under wings. Juveniles in fresh plumage can also show a narrow white bar on the upper wing. The plumage becomes dark brown rather than black as it becomes worn.[18] No obvious differences between the sexes are seen, although in the Mediterranean subspecies, at least, most captured birds can be sexed using a formula which involves multiplying the wing length by the length of the white rump band; females are slightly larger and have a longer white rump than males.[19] The Mediterranean subspecies has longer wings and a heavier bill on average than the nominate form, but neither sex nor subspecies can be determined by observation at sea.[20]
Moult is prolonged in all tubenoses, since they must maintain an ability to fly. Northern populations start replacing their plumage after those further south, reflecting the later start to their breeding season. Birds in a Welsh colony commenced moulting in early August, while populations in northern Spain and the Balearics started in early July and mid-June, respectively. Breeding birds moult later than non-breeders.[21]
The storm petrel's large nasal olfactory bulbs facilitate a keen sense of smell,[22] and the birds have a distinctive musty aroma that can help researchers locate breeding colonies.[23] Individual petrels recognise their own body scent and can use it to locate their nests in the dark.[24]
Their flight is weak-looking and resembles that of a bat, with fluttering interspersed with short glides. When feeding, the birds hang with raised wings and patter on the surface with their feet, but unlike Wilson's storm petrel, do not look as if they are walking on the water. Birds sometimes settle on the sea.[16] Like other petrels, the European storm petrel cannot walk properly on land, but shuffles on its tarsi;[25] once there is enough room, the bird flaps its wings to support itself on its toes.[26]
The European storm petrel can be distinguished from related Western Palaearctic species by the white bar on its under wing and its distinctive fluttering flight. Compared to Leach's storm petrel, band-rumped storm petrel, and the recently described Monteiro's storm petrel, it is also smaller, darker, and shorter-winged, and has a square tail. Wilson's storm petrel lacks an under wing bar, and has long legs with the feet visible beyond the tail.[16]
In its display flight, the storm petrel gives a call consisting of eight or more repetitions of a fast ter-CHICK sounds ending in a trill (rapid alternation of notes). This chattering, staccato call is highly variable in pitch, stress, and length.[16][17] Both sexes make the call, which is used as an advertisement for a mate, for pair recognition, and in the nuptial flight. The details of the vocalisation vary geographically, including between the Atlantic and Mediterranean populations, and birds recognise calls from their own breeding area.[16][27] The chatter-call of the Mediterranean subspecies is distinctive. It has the first two notes running into each other, and the final element is sometimes doubled.[20] The storm petrel is usually silent at sea, but sometimes gives the chattering call.[16] A purring song arrr-r-r-r-r-r-r… ending with a sharp chikka is given in the burrow by the male only;[17][27] it was described by Charles Oldham as "like a fairy being sick".[28] Other vocalisations include a fast wick-wick-wick, sometimes given in flight, and an up-CHERRK alarm which resembles the chatter-call.[16] Chicks give a whistling pee-pee-pee call when being fed, and a faster version of this vocalisation is used by adults and young to signal distress.[29]
Distribution and habitat[edit]
Storm petrels breed only in the Western Palaearctic on islands off the Atlantic and Mediterranean coasts of Europe.[16] The largest colonies are in the Faroe Islands (150,000-400,000 pairs), United Kingdom (20,000-150,000), Ireland (50,000-100,000), and Iceland (50,000-100,000), with smaller breeding areas off Norway, Malta, Spain, the Canary Islands, Italy, France, and Greece.[1] The strongholds of the H. p. melitensis subspecies are the islands of Filfla (Malta), Sicily, and the Balearic Islands, with smaller sites elsewhere in the Mediterranean. This latter form also breeds in North Africa; definitely in Tunisia, probably in Algeria and possibly in Morocco.[17] Because of its nocturnal habits and the problems of accessing some of the small islands on which it breeds, the distribution is poorly known. A colony was discovered as recently as 2009, on Lampedusa.[23] The storm petrel has been recorded as a vagrant in several European countries as far east as the Ukraine, in the Guinea region of West Africa, and in Turkey, Israel, Lebanon,[1] and the US.[30] Although e no North American records were made for more than 30 years after the first in 1970, this bird has been more or less annual in small numbers since 2003.[31]
The storm petrel breeds on exposed and usually uninhabited islands, which it visits only at night. It otherwise frequents mid-depth waters away from the coastal zone, but not over the ocean deeps. In the breeding season, it is mainly found between the 10–25 °C July isotherms.[16] In Europe, it is rarely seen from land except in autumn storms.[32]
The storm petrel is migratory, spending the Northern Hemisphere winter mainly in cool waters off the coasts of South Africa and Namibia, south to latitude 38°S and east to KwaZulu-Natal.[16][33] Some birds stay north of the equator in the seas adjoining Mauritania and Rio de Oro, and a few remain near the breeding islands, especially in the Mediterranean. It is strictly oceanic outside the breeding season,[16][34] although it is described as regularly seen from land in West Africa.[35] Young birds do not return to the breeding colonies until their second or third year. Birds mostly head south from the breeding islands between September and November, reaching West Africa by mid-November and the south Atlantic by the end of the year. The return passage starts in April, with late records from the tropics and further south probably representing subadult birds that will not breed that year.[16]
The storm petrel is sexually mature at age 4–5 years, with the Mediterranean subspecies typically breeding a year earlier than the Atlantic form. Breeding happens in colonies and normally begins in late May or June.[23][34] Pairs have a repeated nocturnal display flight in which the male chases the female, the chase being accompanied by flight calls. Some near-adult birds may pair up and occupy a hole at the same time, prior to breeding in the following year.[16]
Storm petrels normally nest in crevices between or under rocks, or burrow in the soil.[16] When they make their own tunnels, they loosen the earth with their bills and kick out the debris with their feet. The birds less commonly nest in walls, under buildings, or down rabbit burrows. Disused or occupied burrows of Atlantic puffins and Manx shearwaters are sometimes used, and the petrel pair may share a common entrance with those seabirds, rabbits, or other pairs of its own species. Where other occupants are present, the petrels dig a side burrow or use an existing low-roofed tunnel which the larger birds or rabbits cannot easily enter. Even so, puffins and shearwaters sometimes access and destroy nests, and adult petrels may be killed by their larger neighbours.[28] Human-made plastic nesting tubes are readily used, and may provide protection against predators.[17][36] Birds usually mate for life and use the same hole every year.[28]
The nest tunnel is 10–300 cm (3.9–118.1 in) long and 5–8 cm (2.0–3.1 in) across, with a slightly narrower entrance. The nest chamber is typically unlined, although pairs may bring in some grass, bracken, or seaweed. Although the storm petrel is generally not territorial when breeding, a pair defends the nest chamber itself after the eggs have been laid.[16]
The clutch is a single egg, usually pure white, sometimes with some reddish brown spots that soon disappear.[16] The average size of the egg is 28 mm × 21 mm (1.10 in × 0.83 in), and it weighs 6.8 g (0.24 oz), of which 6% is shell.[37] If an egg is lost early enough, a replacement may be laid on rare occasions. This is very unusual for tubenoses.[38] The eggs are incubated by both parents for 38–50 days, the longer periods arising when the eggs have become chilled through adult absence.[16] One adult typically spends three days at a time on the egg while its partner feeds at sea.[28] The chicks are altricial and covered with silver-grey down, and are fed by both parents with their regurgitated oily stomach contents.[15][34][37] The adults do not normally stay with the chick after the first week, visiting only to bring food.[39] After about 50 days, the chicks are fed less regularly, sometimes with gaps of several days, and the parents may stop visiting completely shortly before the chick leaves the nest.[39] The chicks fledge about 56–86 days after hatching,[16] and receive no parental support after leaving the nest hole.[40]
Tubenoses have smaller egg clutches and much longer and more variable incubation and fledging times than passerines with similarly sized eggs, resembling swifts in these developmental factors. Tubenoses and swifts have generally secure nest sites, but their food sources are unreliable, whereas passerines are vulnerable in the nest but food is usually plentiful.[41][42] In the particular case of the storm petrel, it has a body temperature perhaps 3 °C lower than other small birds, and this may also contribute to the lengthy incubation.[40]
The adult petrel's annual death rate is 12–13%,[34] and the typical life span is 11 years. Longevity records established from bird ringing recoveries include a bird aged 31 years 11 months 9 days,[37] and another aged more than 33 years.[43]
The storm petrel normally flies within 10 m (33 ft) of the water surface and typically feeds by picking items off the sea as it patters over the surface.[16] Birds have been observed diving for food to a depth of not more than 0.5 m (20 in).[45][46] and it is claimed, using indirect measurements, that the Mediterranean subspecies reaches depths of up to 5 m (16 ft)).[47] A bird may range up to 200 km (120 mi) over the course of two or three days in search of food.[48] Although the bird usually feeds during the day, in the breeding season petrels will often feed at night close to the shore.[44][49]
The typical prey consists of surface organisms such as small fish, squid, crustaceans and jellyfish. The storm petrel will also eat offal and oily food, often located by smell, and will follow ships.[16][50] In the Atlantic, more than half the food items are zooplankton and the fish caught include small herring and sprats; whale carcasses are scavenged where available. During digestion, the plankton is quickly converted to an oily orange liquid that owes its colour to carotenoids. Larger prey items take longer to digest.[44] The oil, rich in vitamin A, is produced by a large gland in the stomach.[51] The Mediterranean subspecies' diet is mainly fish, particularly Mediterranean sand eels. Petrels also catch opossum shrimps from waters close to the colony.[17] Bluefin tuna farms are exploited on the Maltese island of Filfla; birds from the large local colony feed on the unwashed food fed to the farmed tuna, a mixture of fish, squid and prawns which produces a sizeable oily slick.[52] Small numbers of insects are caught near breeding colonies, and some plant material, including angiosperm seeds and sorrel, has been found in the stomach contents.[15][44] A study on Leach's storm petrel, which consumes similar items, showed that the petrels were snipping pieces off plant leaves in flight, but it could not be confirmed that this was in the course of catching insects.[53] Nasal glands remove excess salt from seawater consumed by the petrel as a concentrated solution excreted through the nostrils.[51]
Petrels can be attracted to boats with "chum", a malodorous mixture typically containing fish heads, bones and offal, with added fish oil and popcorn to aid flotation. An apparently empty ocean will soon fill with hundreds of birds attracted by the smell. The attraction of the fishy odour is sometimes enhanced by the addition of dimethylsulphide (DMS) a chemical also naturally produced by some planktonic organisms, although there are doubts about the safety of this possible carcinogen.[45][54]
Predators and parasites[edit]
Adults and young are vulnerable to predation at the breeding colonies, their only defence being to spit oil.[1][15] Petrels cannot breed on islands where rats have been introduced, and feral cats frequently kill these birds on Foula in the Shetland Islands.[55] The American mink, a non-native species in Europe, is a strong swimmer, and can colonise islands up to 2 km (2,200 yd) from the mainland.[56] Natural predators of petrels and other seabirds include skuas and large gulls. The yellow-legged gull is a particular problem in the Mediterranean, and great skuas were estimated to kill 7,500 petrels a year on St Kilda, an unsustainable number.[17][48] Some great black-backed gulls on the Atlantic islands specialise in taking seabird chicks at night,[39] and peregrine falcons hunt adults at sea.[25] Localised predators include Eleonora's falcon on the Columbretes Islands and the nocturnal barn owl on the Balearics; a few owls can wipe out a colony.[17] The little owl is also a predator of both adults and young where it occurs.[39]
Feather mites of at least two species have been found on the storm petrel, with Halipeurus pelagicus occurring at much higher densities than Philoceanus robertsi.[57] The flea Xenopsylla gratiosa and dermanyssid mites are commonly found, with lower numbers of ticks. These blood-sucking parasites slow the growth rate of nestlings and may affect their survival rate.[58]
Storm petrels seem to be largely free of blood parasites, even when in close proximity to carrier species such as the yellow-legged gull.[59][60] It has been suggested that seabird species with long incubation periods and long lives have well-developed immune systems that prevent serious blood parasitism.[61]
The European population of the storm petrel has been estimated at 430,000–510,000 breeding pairs or 1,290,000–1,530,000 individual birds and makes up 95% of the world total numbers.[3] The population estimate includes about 11,000 to 16,000 breeding pairs of the Mediterranean subspecies.[17] It is very difficult to accurately determine storm petrel populations. The main method used is listening for responses to playback calls at burrow entrances, but infra-red filming may also be an option.[62]
Although this species' population now appears to be declining, the decrease is not rapid or large enough to trigger conservation vulnerability criteria. Given its high numbers, this petrel is therefore classified by the International Union for Conservation of Nature as being of least concern. The perceived decline may be due increased predation from gulls, skuas and introduced mammals.[1] Eradication of rats protects seabird colonies and may enable recolonisation of islands cleared of rodents.[56] Predation of cave-nesting petrels in the Balearics by yellow-legged gulls is restricted to relatively few individual gulls specialising in this prey item;[63] this means that the problems can be controlled by selective culling and the provision of plastic nest boxes.[64]
Because it feeds in flight, the storm petrel is less affected by oil pollution than other seabirds, and may be able to use its good sense of smell to avoid slicks, although a large spill near a breeding colony could have serious consequences.[3]
In culture[edit]
Its association with storms makes the storm petrel a bird of bad omen to mariners; they are said to either foretell or cause bad weather.[65] A more prosaic explanation of their appearance in rough weather is that, like most oceanic seabirds, they rely on the winds to support them in flight and just sit on the water surface when becalmed.[66] The birds were sometimes thought to be the souls of perished sailors,[67] and killing a petrel was believed to bring bad luck.[65][67] The petrel's reputation led to the old name of witch,[9] although the commonest of the folk names is Mother Carey's chicken, a name also used for storm petrels in general in the UK and North America from at least 1767.[68] This is believed to be a corruption of mater cara (dear mother, the Virgin Mary), a reference to the supernatural Mother Carey, or a superstitious modification of an earlier Mother Mary's chicken to reduce the potency of the religious name.[67] The Mother Carey character appears a number of times in literature. In the Cicely Fox Smith poem "Mother Carey", she calls old sailors to return to the sea,[69] but in John Masefield's poem of the same name she is seen as a wrecker of ships.[70] She appears as a fairy in Charles Kingsley's The Water Babies and is depicted in one of Jessie Willcox Smith's illustrations for the book.[71]
The association of the storm petrel with turbulent weather has led to its use as a metaphor for revolutionary views,[72] the epithet "stormy petrel" being applied by various authors to characters as disparate as Roman tribune Publius Clodius Pulcher,[73] a Presbyterian minister in the early Carolinas,[74] an Afghan governor,[75] or an Arkansas politician.[76] A 1901 poem by Russian writer Maxim Gorky is invariably titled in English as "The Song of the Stormy Petrel", although that may not be a perfectly accurate translation of the Russian title "Песня о Буревестнике", because "Буревестник" (the name of the bird in Russian) translates to the English general term "storm bird".[a] The poem was called "the battle anthem of the revolution", and earned Gorky the nickname "The Storm Petrel of the Revolution".[78]
Various revolutionary anarchist groups adopted the bird's name, either as a group identifier, as in the Spanish Civil War,[79] or for their publications. The Stormy Petrel (Burevestnik) was the title of the magazine of the Anarchist Communist Federation in Russia around the time of the 1905 revolution,[80] and is still an imprint of the London group of the Anarchist Federation (Britain and Ireland).[81] To honour Gorky and his work, the name Burevestnik was bestowed on a variety of institutions, locations, and products in the USSR.[72]
- ^ The 1903 edition of Vladimir Dal's Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language, defined burevestnik (the name of the bird actually used by Gorky) or "bird of storm" as a generic name for the Procellariidae, and illustrated it with several examples, including the species known in English as the wandering albatross, southern giant petrel, northern fulmar and the European storm petrel. The Russian name for the European storm petrel, according to the same dictionary, is kachurka, rather than an adjective phrase with burevestnik.[77] This is a modern reprint (using modernized Russian orthography) of the 1903 edition that would have been familiar to Gorky and his readers.
- ^ a b c d e f BirdLife International (2012). "Hydrobates pelagicus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2012. Retrieved 26 November 2013.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)old-form url
- ^ a b "Loons, penguins, & petrels". IOC World Bird List version 4.4. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 24 December 2014.
- ^ a b c d e Carboneras, Carles (1992). "Family Hydrobatidae (Storm-petrels)". In del Hoyo, J.; Elliott, A.; Sargatal, J. (eds.). Handbook of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Ostrich to Ducks. Barcelona, Spain: Lynx Edicions. pp. 258–265. ISBN 978-84-87334-10-8.
- ^ Nunn, G.B.; Stanley, S.E. (1998). "Body size effects and rates of cytochrome b evolution in tube-nosed seabirds". Molecular Biology and Evolution. 15 (10): 1360–1371. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a025864. PMID 9787440. Erratum: Nunn, G.B.; Stanley, S.E. (2000). "Corrigendum for: Body size effects and rates of cytochrome b evolution in tube-nosed seabirds" (PDF). Molecular Biology and Evolution. 17 (11): 1774. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a026276. PMID 11070065.
- ^ Christidis & Boles 2008, pp. 82–83
- ^ Linnaeus 1758, p. 131
- ^ Mayr, Ernst; Cottrell, G. William, eds. (1979). Check-list of Birds of the World (2nd ed.). Cambridge, MA: Museum of Comparative Zoology. p. 111.
- ^ Boie, Friedrich (1822). "Ueber Classification insonderheit der europäischen Vögel". Isis von Oken (in German). 10. Col. 562 in Cols 545-564.
- ^ a b Lockwood 1984, pp. 115–116
- ^ See e.g. The zoologist: a popular miscellany of natural history, Volume 5, 1847, p. 1643; Harlow, Frederick Pease (1928), The Making of a Sailor, Or, Sea Life Aboard a Yankee Square-rigger, Volume 17 of Dover Pictorial Archives, Courier Dover Publications, p. 193, ISBN 978-0-486-25613-9 and numerous other occurrences as shown by the Google n-Gram tool.
- ^ βάτης. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project: 'one that treads or covers'
- ^ Jobling 2010, p. 196
- ^ Jobling 2010, p. 295
- ^ Cagnon, C.; Lauga, B.; Hémery, G.; Mouchès, C. (2004). "Phylogeographic differentiation of storm petrels (Hydrobates pelagicus) based on cytochrome b mitochondrial DNA variation". Marine Biology. 145 (6): 1257–1264. doi:10.1007/s00227-004-1407-6.
- ^ a b c d Coward 1929, pp. 279–281
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t Snow & Perrins 1998, pp. 62–64
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Mante & Debize 2012, pp. 1–20
- ^ Mullarney et al. 2009, pp. 74–75
- ^ Albores-Barajas, Y.V.; Massa, B.; Griffiths, K.; Soldatini, C. (2010). "Sexual dichromatism in mediterranean storm petrels Hydrobates pelagicus melitensis" (PDF). Ardeola. 57 (2): 333–337.
- ^ a b van Duivendijk 2011, p. 57
- ^ Arroyo, Beatriz; Mínguez, Eduardo; Palomares, Luis; Pinilla, Jesús (2004). "The timing and pattern of moult of flight feathers of European Storm-petrel Hydrobates pelagicus in Atlantic and Mediterranean breeding areas" (PDF). Ardeola. 51 (2): 365–373.
- ^ Enticott & Tipling 2002, p. 11
- ^ a b c Massa, Bruno (2009). "A newly discovered colony of European Storm Petrels in Italy" (PDF). British Birds. 102 (6): 353–354.
- ^ de León, Ana; Mínguez, Eduardo; Belliure, Belén (2003). "Self-odour recognition in European Storm Petrel chicks". Behaviour. 140 (7): 925–933. doi:10.1163/156853903770238382. JSTOR 4536068.
- ^ a b Soper & Powell 2008, pp. 39–40
- ^ Hume & Pearson 1993, p. 110
- ^ a b Bretagnolle, V. (1989). "Calls of the Storm Petrel Hydrobates pelagicus". Bioacoustics. 2 (2): 166–167.
- ^ a b c d Davis, Peter (1957). "The breeding of the Storm Petrel: part 1" (PDF). British Birds. 50 (3): 85–101.
- ^ Cramp 1977, pp. 163–168
- ^ McNeil, Raymond; Burton, Jean (1971). "First authentic North American record of the British Storm Petrel (Hydrobates pelagicus)". The Auk. 88 (3): 671–672. JSTOR 4083762.
- ^ Howell 2012, p. 365
- ^ Blomdahl, Breife & Holmstrom 2007, p. 78
- ^ Sinclair, Hockey & Tarboton 2002, p. 52
- ^ a b c d Carboneras, C.; Jutglar, F.; Kirwan, G.M. (2020). del Hoyo, J.; Elliott, A.; Sargatal, J.; Christie, D.A.; de Juana, E. (eds.). "European Storm-Petrel (Hydrobates pelagicus)". Birds of the World. Ithaca, NY, USA: Cornell Lab of Ornithology. Retrieved 8 May 2020.
- ^ Barlow, Wacher & Disley 1997, p. 16
- ^ Bolton, M. (1996). "Energy expenditure, body-weight and foraging performance of storm petrels Hydrobates pelagicus breeding in artificial nesting chambers". Ibis. 138 (3): 405–409. doi:10.1111/j.1474-919x.1996.tb08058.x.
- ^ a b c "Storm Petrel Hydrobates pelagicus [Linnaeus, 1758]". Bird Facts. British Trust for Ornithology. Retrieved 20 August 2013.
- ^ Mínguez, Eduardo (1997). "Evidence of occasional re-laying in the British Storm-Petrel (Hydrobates pelagicus)". Colonial Waterbirds. 20 (1): 102–104. doi:10.2307/1521770. JSTOR 1521770.
- ^ a b c d Davis, Peter (1957). "The breeding of the Storm Petrel: part 2" (PDF). British Birds. 50 (9): 371–384.
- ^ a b Hume & Pearson 1993, pp. 94–96
- ^ Lack, David; Lack, Elizabeth (1951). "The breeding biology of the Swift Apus apus". Ibis. 93 (4): 501–546. doi:10.1111/j.1474-919X.1951.tb05457.x.
- ^ Boersma, P. Dee (1982). "Why some birds take so long to hatch". The American Naturalist. 120 (6): 733–750. doi:10.1086/284027. JSTOR 2461170.
- ^ "European Longevity Records". Euring. Archived from the original on 15 May 2013. Retrieved 25 September 2013.
- ^ a b c d d'Elbée, Jean; Hémery, Georges (1998). "Diet and foraging behaviour of the British Storm Petrel Hydrobates pelagicus in the Bay of Biscay during summer" (PDF). Ardea. 86: 1–10.
- ^ a b Flood, Robert L.; Fisher, Ashley; Cleave, Andrew; Sterr, Paul (2009). "European Storm-petrels diving for food". British Birds. 102 (6): 352–353.
- ^ Griffiths, A.M. (1981). "European Storm-petrels Hydrobates pelagicus feeding by diving off South Africa" (PDF). Cormorant. 9 (1): 47.
- ^ Albores‐Barajasa, Y.V.; Riccatoa, F.; Fiorinb, R.; Massac, B.; Torricellia, P.; Soldatinia, C. (2011). "Diet and diving behaviour of European Storm Petrels Hydrobates pelagicus in the Mediterranean (ssp. melitensis)" (PDF). Bird Study. 58 (2): 208–212. doi:10.1080/00063657.2011.560244. hdl:10447/58607.
- ^ a b Parkin & Knox 2010, p. 86
- ^ Poot, Martin (1998). "Nocturnal and diurnal nearshore foraging of European Storm Petrels Hydrobates sp. along the Lisbon coast, Portugal". Airo. 18: 13–21.
- ^ Hume 2011, p. 36
- ^ a b Karleskint, Turner & Small 2013, p. 317
- ^ Borg, John J. (2012). "Tuna farms - a seasonal supplementary food source for storm petrels Hydrobates pelagicus melitensis" (PDF). Avocetta. 36: 91–94.
- ^ Ainslie, John A.; Atkinson, Robert (1937). "On the breeding habits of Leach's Fork-tailed Petrel". British Birds. 30 (8): 234–249.
- ^ Flood, Robert L.; Thomas, Bryan (2007). "Identification of 'black-and-white' storm-petrels of the North Atlantic". British Birds. 100 (7): 407–442.
- ^ de León, Ana; Mínguez, Eduardo; Harvey, Paul; Meek, Eric; Crane, Jonathon E.; Furness, Robert W. (2006). "Factors affecting breeding distribution of Storm-petrels Hydrobates pelagicus in Orkney and Shetland: Capsule The main factors are past and present human activities, especially the introduction of rats to islands". Bird Study. 53 (1): 64–72. doi:10.1080/00063650609461417.
- ^ a b Ratcliffe, Norman; Mitchel, Ian; Varnham, Karen; Verboven, Nanette; Higson, Paul (2009). "How to prioritise rat management for the benefit of petrels: a case study of the UK, Channel Islands and Isle of Man" (PDF). Ibis. 151 (4): 699–708. doi:10.1111/j.1474-919X.2009.00949.x.
- ^ Fowler, J.A.; Price, R.A. (1987). "A comparative study of the ischnoceran Mallophaga of Wilson's Petrel Oceanites oceanicus and British Storm Petrel Hydrobates pelagicus" (PDF). Seabird. 10: 43–49. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 December 2014.
- ^ Merino, Santiago; Mínguez, Eduardo; Belliure, Belén (1999). "Ectoparasite effects on nestling European Storm Petrels". Waterbirds. 22 (2): 297–301. doi:10.2307/1522219. JSTOR 1522219.
- ^ Merino, Santiago; Mínguez, Eduardo (1998). "Absence of haematozoa in a breeding colony of the Storm Petrel Hydrobates pelagicus" (PDF). Ibis. 140 (1): 180–181. doi:10.1111/j.1474-919X.1998.tb04560.x.
- ^ Quillfeldt, Petra; Arriero, Elena; Martínez, Javier; Masello, Juan F.; Merino, Santiago (2011). "Prevalence of blood parasites in seabirds – a review". Frontiers in Zoology. 8 (26): 1–10. doi:10.1186/1742-9994-8-26. PMC 3223496. PMID 22035144.
- ^ Esparza, Beatriz; Martínez-Abraín, Alejandro; Merino, Santiago; Oro, Daniel (2004). "Immunocompetence and the prevalence of haematozoan parasites in two long-lived seabirds" (PDF). Ornis Fennica. 81: 2–7.
- ^ Perkins, A. J.; Bingham, C. J.; Bolton, M. (2018). "Testing the use of infra‐red video cameras to census a nocturnal burrow‐nesting seabird, the European Storm Petrel Hydrobates pelagicus". Ibis. 160 (2): 365–378. doi:10.1111/ibi.12539.
- ^ Oro, Daniel; de León, Ana; Minguez, Eduardo; Furness, Robert W. (2005). "Estimating predation on breeding European storm-petrels (Hydrobates pelagicus) by yellow-legged gulls (Larus michahellis)" (PDF). Journal of Zoology. 265 (4): 421–429. doi:10.1017/S0952836905006515. hdl:10261/99028.
- ^ Sanz-Aguilar, Ana; Libois, Emmy; Minguez, Eduardo; Oro, Daniel; Pradel, Roger; Gimenez, Olivier (2012). "Conservation of the Mediterranean Storm-petrel Hydrobates pelagicus melitensis at Benidorm Island (Spain)" (PDF). Proceedings of the 13th Medmaravis Pan-Mediterranean Symposium. Alghero (Sardinia) 14–17 Oct. 2011: 103–110.
- ^ a b Eyers 2011, p. 78
- ^ Fisher & Lockley 1989, pp. 126–127
- ^ a b c Cocker & Mabey 2005, pp. 24–25
- ^ "Mother Carey". Oxford English Dictionary (3rd ed.). Oxford University Press. September 2005. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
- ^ Fox Smith 1919, pp. 100–102
- ^ Masefield 1902, p. 48
- ^ Kingsley 1863, chapter 7
- ^ a b Ziolkowski 1998, p. 111
- ^ Abbott 1909, p. 113
- ^ Lynah 1934, title
- ^ Grey 1929, pp. 186,190
- ^ Jacobson & Davis 1925, title
- ^ See the entry Буря ("Storm") in: Dahl, Vladimir (2001). Толковый словарь живого великорусского языка. В 4 тт. Т. 1: А—3 [Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language, in four volumes. Volume 4, A through Ze] (in Russian). p. 172. ISBN 978-5-224-02354-7.
- ^ Mironov 2012, p. 461
- ^ Christie 2005, p. 43
- ^ Yaroslansky 1937, Introduction
- ^ "Anarchist pamphlets/booklets". Anarchists Federation. Archived from the original on 13 May 2013. Retrieved 19 September 2013.
Cited texts[edit]
- Abbott, Frank Frost (1909). Society and Politics in Ancient Rome: Essays and Sketch. New York: Biblo & Tannen Publishers.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Barlow, Clive; Wacher, Tim; Disley, Tony (1997). A Field Guide to birds of The Gambia and Senegal. Bexhill-on-Sea, Sussex: Pica Press. ISBN 978-1-873403-32-7.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Blomdahl, Anders; Breife, Bertil; Holmstrom, Niklas (2007). Flight Identification of European Seabirds. London: Christopher Helm. ISBN 978-0-7136-8616-6.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Brookes, Ian, ed. (2006). The Chambers Dictionary (ninth ed.). Edinburgh: Chambers. ISBN 978-0-550-10185-3.
- Christidis, Les; Boles, Walter (2008). Systematics and Taxonomy of Australian Birds. Collingwood, Victoria: CSIRO. ISBN 978-0-643-06511-6.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Christie, Stuart (2005). We, the Anarchists!: A Study of the Iberian Anarchist Federation (FAI) 1927–1937. Hastings, Sussex: Meltzer Press. ISBN 978-1-901172-06-5.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Cocker, Mark; Mabey, Richard (2005). Birds Britannica. London: Chatto & Windus. ISBN 978-0-7011-6907-7.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Coward, Thomas Alfred (1929). The Birds of the British Isles and Their Eggs. volume 2 (fourth ed.). London: Frederick Warne.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Cramp, Stanley, ed. (1977). Handbook of the Birds of Europe, the Middle East and North Africa : the birds of the Western Palearctic. Vol. 1. Ostrich to Ducks. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-857358-6.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- van Duivendijk, Nils (2011). Advanced Bird ID Handbook: The Western Palearctic. London: New Holland. ISBN 978-1-78009-022-1.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Enticott, Jim; Tipling, David (2002). Seabirds of the World. London: New Holland. ISBN 978-1-84330-327-5.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Eyers, Jonathan (2011). Don't Shoot the Albatross!: Nautical Myths and Superstitions. London: A & C Black. ISBN 978-1-4081-3131-2.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Fisher, James; Lockley, R.M. (1989). Sea‑Birds. Collins New Naturalist series. London: Bloomsbury Books. ISBN 978-1-870630-88-7.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Fox Smith, Cicely (1919). Songs & Chanties: 1914–1916. London: Elkin Mathews.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Grey, C. (1929). Garrett, Herbert Leonard Offley (ed.). European Adventurers of Northern India, 1785 to 1849. Delhi: Atlantic Publishers.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Howell, Steve N.G. (2012). Petrels, Albatrosses, and Storm-Petrels of North America: A Photographic Guide. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-14211-1.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Hume, Rob; Pearson, Bruce (1993). Seabirds. London: Hamlyn. ISBN 978-0-600-57951-9.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Hume, Rob (2011). RSPB Birds of Britain and Europe (3rd ed.). Harlow, Essex: Dorling Kindersley. ISBN 978-1-4053-6202-3.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Jacobson, Charles; Davis, Jeff (1925). The life story of Jeff Davis: the stormy petrel of Arkansas politics. New York: Parke-Harper.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Jobling, James A. (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Karleskint, George; Turner, Richard L.; Small, James W. (2013). Introduction to Marine Biology (4th ed.). Belmont, California: Wadsworth. ISBN 978-1-133-36446-7.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Kingsley, Charles (1863). The Water-Babies. London: Macmillan.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Linnaeus, Carl (1758). Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata (in Latin). Holmiae [Stockholm]: Laurentii Salvii.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Lockwood, William Burley (1984). Oxford Book of British Bird Names. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-214155-2.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Lynah, Mary-Elizabeth (1934). Archibald Stobo of Carolina: Presbyterianism's Stormy-petrel. Washington: American Historical Society.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Mante, Alain; Debize, Elodie (2012). Mediterranean storm petrel Hydrobates pelagicus melitensis, Updated state of knowledge & conservation of the nesting populations of the Mediterranean Small Island (PDF). Aix en Provence, Bouches-du-Rhône: Initiative pour les Petites Iles de Méditerranée (Initiative PIM). Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 October 2013.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Masefield, John (1902). Salt Water Ballads. London: Grant Richards.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Mironov, Boris Nikolaevich (2012). The Standard of Living and Revolutions in Imperial Russia, 1700–1917. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-60854-1.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Mullarney, Killian; Svensson, Lars; Zetterström, Dan; Grant, Peter J. (2009). Collins Bird Guide (2nd ed.). London: Collins. ISBN 978-0-00-726726-2.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Parkin, David; Knox, Alan (2010). The Status of Birds in Britain and Ireland. London: A & C Black. ISBN 978-1-4081-2500-7.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Ratcliffe, Derek (2010). The Peregrine Falcon. Poyser monographs. London: Poyser. ISBN 978-1-4081-3683-6.
- Sinclair, Ian; Hockey, Phil; Tarboton, Warwick (2002). SASOL Birds of Southern Africa. Cape Town: Struik. ISBN 978-1-86872-721-6.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Snow, David; Perrins, Christopher M., eds. (1998). The Birds of the Western Palearctic concise edition (2 volumes). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-854099-1.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Soper, Tony; Powell, Dan (2008). Wildlife of the North Atlantic: A Cruising Guide. Chalfont St. Peter, Buckinghamshire: Bradt Travel Guides. ISBN 978-1-84162-258-3.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Yaroslansky, E. (1937). History of Anarchism in Russia. New York: International Publishers of New York.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Ziolkowski, Margaret (1998). Literary Exorcisms of Stalinism: Russian Writers and the Soviet Past. London: Camden House. ISBN 978-1-57113-179-9.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
External links[edit]
|Wikimedia Commons has media related to Hydrobates pelagicus.
|Wikispecies has information related to Hydrobates pelagicus
- BirdLife species factsheet for Hydrobates pelagicus
- "Hydrobates pelagicus". Avibase.
- "European storm-petrel media". Internet Bird Collection.
- European storm-petrel photo gallery at VIREO (Drexel University)
- Audio recordings of European storm petrel on Xeno-canto.


text:
Things are not a pretty sight in Kamurocho, the setting for Yakuza: Dead Souls on PlayStation 3. The Japanese district of Tokyo has been overrun by a zombie outbreak which has left the remaining population fighting for their lives and the neighbouring districts panicked.
With the Japan Ground Self-Defence Force trying to quarantine Kamurocho, Yakuza: Dead Souls follows four unlikely heroes - Kazuma Kiryu, the series' main character since the first Yakuza title, the mysterious Shun Akiyama, maniacal yakuza Goro Majima and the Gatling gun wielding Ryuji Goda.
These four men are Kamurocho's only hope - but can they survive the undead masses to discover the conspiracy at the heart of this disaster?
Yakuza: Dead Souls on PlayStation 3 is the closest you'll want to get to experiencing a zombie-infested Tokyo. Set in the bustling district of Kamurocho, the game throws you into an urban nightmare where thousands have been turned into the brain-munching undead. And SEGA's open city game delivers a haunting atmosphere to complete the gruesome scenario.
Kamurocho is full of burnt out buildings, creepy underground areas, abandoned streets and dark, hostile hallways. It's the perfectly bleak setting for Yakuza: Dead Souls, as the convincing visuals make you feel the desperation of the situation with every step.
Each blind corner you encounter in this desolate district is a potential danger to your characters' lives, and there is a spine-tingling sense of dread the first time you hear a zombie's howl. The blood-curdling moans and groans of the infected hordes act as both a warning and powerful tension building effect in this brutal action adventure. Do you have the steel in your soul to survive?
The undead have taken over in Yakuza: Dead Souls on PlayStation 3 - and it's up to you to survive the zombie onslaught and save the overridden Tokyo district of Kamurocho. Are you up to the task?
Thankfully, this deadly duty is not your sole responsibility. Four characters are at your disposal: Kazuma Kiryu, Shun Akiyama, Goro Majima and Ryuji Goda. Each has their own reasons as to why they are dealing with the undead outbreak, and using their unique skills is the only way to stay alive.
While set in an open city that you can explore, Yakuza: Dead Souls is mission driven, leading you to complete tasks to move the story forward. These objectives range from collecting a particular item to defeating a fearsome, mutated beast. That's right - it's not just zombies you have to look out for. Other nightmarish monsters that will give you a scare include the brutish Meathead and the wailing Cry Baby.
Don't panic, though. There are plenty of weapons to keep the gruesome ghouls at bay and you can increase your chances of survival by enhancing the abilities of your character, such as making their shots more accurate or giving them the chance to retaliate with an attack when knocked down.
Even more effective is your Heat Sniping technique, which allows you to perform incredible precision shots that spark gigantic explosions, destroy otherwise impervious obstacles and deal massive damage to foes. It takes a keen eye and quick reactions to take advantage of Heat Sniping, so stay sharp.
True to the Yukuza series, it pays to remember that just because it's the end of the world, it doesn't mean you can't enjoy yourself in the odd club or video arcade. There are plenty of diversions to keep you entertained, from crane machines to bowling alleys.
Yakuza: Dead Souls is a big, challenging game, and you'll have a blast working your way through it. There is an incredible variety of missions and challenges to mix things up, while the online ranking mode lets you score your performance against others in the world via PlayStation Network. You can also go head-to-head with friends in the special two player sports such as pool and darts, and download extra costumes and modes to keep things fresh.
Dolby 5.1
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
Friday, April 20, 2012
For Those in Peril On the Sea ...
This is the case of Adrian Vasquez, an 18-year-old fisherman from Panama, who was found alive after being lost at sea near the Galapagos Islands for 26 days, according to this account in Eturbonews. The two other men in the fishing boat died of dehydration and heat stroke.
Passengers on the Star Princess, a Carnival luxury ship sailing from Ecuador to Costa Rica, claim they alerted crewmembers after seeing three men in distress in the fishing boat. The cruise ship ignored the plight of the fishermen, the passengers say. International law, in this case known as the law of the sea, requires that a ship stop to assist any vessel in distress on the high seas.
The captain of the Star Princess is reported to be saying that he never got the word about the distressed vessel. Here's the account in the Guardian newspaper.
Here's Carnival's statement on the incident:
"Princess Cruises deeply regrets that two Panamanian men perished at sea after their boat became disabled in early March. Since we became aware of this incident, we have been investigating circumstances surrounding the claim that Star Princess failed to come to the aid of the disabled boat, after a crew member was alerted by passengers.
The preliminary results of our investigation have shown that there appeared to be a breakdown in communication in relaying the passenger's concern. Neither Captain Edward Perrin nor the officer of the watch were notified. Understandably, Captain Perrin is devastated that he is being accused of knowingly turning his back on people in distress. Had the Captain received this information, he would have had the opportunity to respond.
We all understand that it is our responsibility and also the law of the sea to provide assistance to any vessel in distress, and it is not an uncommon occurrence for our ships to be involved in a rescue at sea. In fact, we have done so more than 30 times in the last ten years. We deeply regret this incident and are continuing our investigation to fully understand the circumstances."
*Of the 2,224 on board the Titanic, more than 1,500 perished. Of those saved, 62.2 percent were in first class (including 97.2 percent of the first-class female passengers), 58.6 percent were in second class and a mere 25.2 percent of those who survived were in third class (steerage).
The official list of those who perished issued by the White Star Line, owner of the Titanic, includes the New York tycoon John Jacob Astor, who died while his wife was saved.
Here's how he's listed:
"ASTOR, Colonel J.J., and Manservant."
The actual name of the "manservant" never appeared.
Posted by Joesharkey.com at 6:51 AM
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text:
Mental Health Channel
Topics & Medications
Related Channels
Mellaril Overdose
Symptoms of a Mellaril overdose can include low blood pressure, a slow or rapid heart rate, and difficulty breathing. Treatment for an overdose on Mellaril may include giving certain medicines, "pumping the stomach," or administering supportive care (which consists of treating symptoms that occur as a result of the overdose).
Mellaril® (thioridazine) is a medication that is used to treat schizophrenia. As with all medicines, it is possible for a person to overdose on Mellaril. The specific Mellaril overdose effects will vary depending on a number of factors, including how much Mellaril was taken and whether it was taken with any other medicines, drugs, and/or alcohol.
If a person overdoses on Mellaril, the symptoms can vary. Some commonly reported symptoms of an overdose on a phenothiazine (such as Mellaril) include:
- Irregular heart rhythms (arrhythmias)
- Low blood pressure (hypotension)
- A slow heart rate (bradycardia) or rapid heart rate (tachycardia)
- Drowsiness
- Confusion or agitation
- Seizures
- Difficulty breathing
- Intestinal obstruction (blockage)
- Coma.
The treatment for a Mellaril overdose will vary. If the Mellaril overdose was recent, a healthcare provider may give certain medicines or place a tube into the stomach to "pump the stomach." However, once Mellaril has been absorbed into the body, there is no treatment that can remove it quickly. Therefore, in these cases, treatment involves supportive care, which consists of treating the symptoms that occur as a result of the overdose. For example, supportive treatment options may include:
- Fluids through an intravenous line (IV)
- Careful monitoring of the heart rhythm and blood pressure
- Medications for arrhythmias, seizures, or other complications
- Other treatments based on complications that occur.
It is important that you seek medical attention immediately if you believe that you may have overdosed on Mellaril.
Mellaril Drug Information
Written by/reviewed by: Kristi Monson, PharmD; Arthur Schoenstadt, MD
Last reviewed by: Kristi Monson, PharmD


text:
PVR resolves all disputeswith Elan Group
Leading multiplex operator PVR today said it has "amicably resolved" dispute with the Elan Group over development of multiplexes in Gurgaon and has decided to withdraw pending legal proceedings.
Both, PVR and Elan have reached a revised understanding with respect to leasing the multiplexes in commercial projects being developed by Elan group in Sector 80, Sector 67 and Sector 84 in Gurgaon, PVR said in a regulatory filing.
"The parties have now mutually agreed and already initiated steps to withdraw all pending legal proceedings against their respective organisations as well as against their directors/officials," it said.
Both the parties had initiated multiple legal proceedings against each other under both civil and criminal laws.
Earlier, in November last year, Gurgaon Police had registered an FIR against PVR Cinemas, and its promoters and directors on charges of cheating and forgery on the directions of the Gurgaon civil court.
Its promoters Ajay Bijli, Sanjeev Kumar Bijli, Niharika Bijli and eight other persons were booked under relevant sections of the IPC for selling stocks at inflated value of Rs 820 crore illegally and causing loss to Gurgaon-based real estate companies.The FIR was registered at the Sushant Lok phase-1 police station.


text:
Intimidated Into Silence
Listen to Audio (right click to save)
I think I attended what they would have called a racially-troubled elementary school when I was in kindergarten and first grade. The only thing is the kids didn't know it; somebody forgot to tell us it was racially troubled. It was a changing neighborhood and I guess the adults were real tense about what was going on between the black and white kids. We just didn't know there was any difference between us.
I was out on the playground one day and we were playing dive bomber. It was winter and we all had hats and coats on. The idea was you're supposed to come in with your arm real low and knock off the other guy's hat. Well, in the process, I connected with the head of one of the black kids in our class. I'm a klutz; I missed. Up comes this big, sixth grade patrol boy on a power trip. We called them patrol boys, crossing guards, whatever...they looked huge to a little first grader. This patrol boy said, "Did you try to knock his hat off?" I said, "Yeah, I was just trying to knock his hat off!" I was so confused I just didn't know what to answer him.
He said, "Wait a minute! Did you say you were trying to knock his head off!?" Oh that isn't what I said. I said I was trying to knock his hat off. Did you know I was so intimidated by that crazy patrol boy I couldn't tell him what really happened. Then he said, "Then I'm taking you to the principal's office." That did it! You can't imagine how big that sixth grader looked to me, and then he's got the power of the principal behind him. I had something important to say, but he seemed just too big to say it to.
at heaven because they're in a powerful position and they scare people away. I mean, I'm a child of the King of the universe. I don't need to fear or be intimidated by anyone. I know who I am. I'll be that forever; no one can take that away from me. That's my identity that you can't take.
Why don't you begin to pray that the Lord will help you see that intimidating person through God's eyes? What does God see? He sees someone lost, and lonely, hurting, a sinner needing the cross. Then pray for a natural opportunity - an easy way to get into a conversation. Our three-open prayer, "Lord, open a door. Lord, open their heart. Lord, open my mouth." Pray for the courage to take that opportunity. Pray for an approach that can begin with their need.
I once looked at a powerful patrol boy, and I had nothing to say to him. And I should have said something to him; I had something important to say. It looks dumb to me today. Now, today someone looks almost too big to you to tell the most important news of all. Don't look back one day and say, "Why didn't I tell them?" Because when it comes to the message of salvation, silence is not golden, it's fatal.
© (c) Ronald P. Hutchcraft
Distributed by Ron Hutchcraft Ministries, Inc.
Learn how to begin a personal, love-relationship with the God who made you.


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Land of the Living SkiesSolo Tuba and Wind Orchestra
From the composer:
"Commissioned by tuba virtuoso Patrick Sheridan, Land of the Living Skies is inspired by the love of photography shared by both Patrick and I.
After moving from the UK to Saskatchewan, Canada, there were many changes, but perhaps the most striking of all were the skyscapes that my new home produced; stunning sunsets, incredible views of the Milky Way, amazing moonlit landscapes, and – of course – the Northern Lights.
This piece was the last I wrote before moving away from Saskatchewan and. given that the Province calls itself the "Land of the Living Skies", it seemed only fitting to name the work after its amazing skies that had provided a lifetime's worth of inspiration.
The piece is dedicated to Patrick Sheridan, an amazing tubist, musician, educator and friend."
Pete Meechan, January 2018


text:
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text:
NEW YORK — It undoubtedly was the greatest free-throw exhibition in the 95-year basketball rivalry of UConn and Boston College.
Foul line.
Fifty-four free throws attemped. Forty-nine made.
Sorry, if that comes off a little snotty, but if it's going to take some time to get used to these new hand-check rules, it's going to take me even more time to warm to this new Eagles-Huskies thing. In fact, it should take UConn time to warm to it, too.
"The past," UConn athletic director Warde Manuel said after UConn had outlasted BC 72-70 Thursday night at Madison Square Garden, "is behind us."
True enough, and if I may be permitted an addendum: To quote the Great DeFilippo, "Those who cannot remember the past are condemned not to enter the ACC."
Snotty again. Sorry.
"We have great relationships," Manuel said. "We have great respect for BC and what they've done. … We're moving forward. It was a great game tonight and I think it would be a great rivalry in the future for our fans. We'll see where it goes."
When Craig Smith so creatively waved goodbye to the UConn fans at the XL Center on Jan. 5, 2005, after BC actually beat UConn in basketball 75-70, it wasn't necessarily goodbye forever, but it most certainly was a don't let the door hit you in the butt on the way out.
Jim Calhoun, upset that BC was talking like it wanted to keep the Big East together while slyly ditching for the ACC, said he'd never play BC again. Calhoun kept his word. Now, even the old warrior has been saying in recent days that he wants to rekindle the natural New England rivalry.
"It means a lot and hopefully we can renew the rivalry," coach Kevin Ollie said. "We're going to do what's best for UConn. I'm not the guy who per se makes the schedule. We sit down with our coaches and our great AD and come up a great schedule for our fans. I'd love to renew the rivalry but it's not up to me totally."
Asked moments earlier if he had a sense of déjà vu playing BC, Ollie got a playful dig in.
"I have good memories against BC," Ollie said. "I wanted to keep my record intact."
As player, Ollie's UConn teams were 8-0 against BC. Make that KO 9, BC 0.
After this free-throwpalooza, in fact, the Huskies have won 29 of their past 32 games against BC. That's not a rivalry. That's Coppin State.
Thrice snotty. Hey, I'm starting to warm up a little to this BC thing.
Seriously, unless BC and UConn commit to each other to play football, preferably every year, on a specific weekend, for the good of New England football and the good of the business of each school's athletic industry, well, I don't think UConn should just jump into bed with BC in basketball.
Keep it cool. Keep it to a handshake. It's fine that it was arranged to play against each other in the 2K Sports Classic. And it's fine the schools are both in the Puerto Rico Tip-Off field next November. But before they start playing each other each winter, remember, the truth is BC basketball needs UConn basketball a heck of a lot more than UConn basketball needs BC basketball.
Some New England team has three national championships. Another New England team has never been to the Final Four.
UConn has played five schools more than the 89 times it has played BC. The Huskies have played Rhode Island 145 times. They've played New Hampshire, UMass, Maine and Syracuse more than BC. And let's be honest. If you could spend your last nickel on tolls on the New York State Thruway, Syracuse is the school you'd beg to play every year. In fact, as an old Rhode Island guy, I prefer PC games to BC games. I mean, after all, the Friars have been to two Final Fours and the Eagles, ah, never. Sorry, I already said that.
Don't get me wrong. I'm not saying BC is North Korea. I'm just saying BC is the Soviet Union in the late 1980s. It's time for glasnost. It's time for a slow, careful warming of relations. Manuel is right. The past is behind us. There's no use reliving 2003 through 2005. But just last year, we heard a lot about how Susan Herbst and Father Leahy, president at BC, were getting along well. We heard how Manuel and new BC athletic director Brad Bates are old Michigan football men and friends. We heard about this good karma going back and fourth between Storrs and Chestnut Hill.
But then an opening in the ACC popped up and from everything I was told BC didn't back UConn. Louisville roared in. Former AD Gene DeFilippo once said it was all about geography and guarding the New England ACC turf. Until we see more evidence of BC throwing its arms around UConn, I'd submit that UConn go slow, go carefully and as slowly and carefully as the procession to the free throw line.
The Eagles stayed in this game by hitting 24 of 25 free throws, but the Huskies hit 25 of 29. The Huskies had only three turnovers. It was slow going, but ultimately a win for UConn. It's a good blueprint for future relations.
UConn is getting into Hockey East. That means BC and that'll be fun and initially a lot of wins for BC. But football must be part of this. It's where the money is. It's where the foundation is. It is where the schools can grow together.
"I've had a lot of great conversations about different things with Brad Bates," Manuel said. "We've known each other a long time. We were in the MAC together, too. We've talked. There's nothing in the works at this present time [about a football series]. We're leaving the door open."
Just don't let BC in all the way. Not unless they bring their shoulder pads and helmets with them. That kind of mutual respect and cooperation may one day get the two back in the same athletic conference where they belong.
The first time UConn played BC the Red Sox had just won a World Series at Fenway Park. This time when UConn played BC, the Red Sox had just won their first World Series at Fenway since 1918. Sometimes, good things just take time.


text:
Breakout session 1
New Practices
Brainstorming terms + concepts for "new practices", in French "pratiques nouvelles":
Écritures nouvelles – new styles and aesthetics
"New dance", "non-danse", body practices
Formal and informal networks of artistic practices
Dance cultures
Indisciplinés – undisciplined
The white box, site specific
Art éngagé – political art
Renewing entertaining word
Renewing the audience relationships
The performance as "an experience" – the "happening"
Art presenter on/with the internet
Presentation of the work-in-progress
Urban art
Arts numériques – media/electronique arts
Renewal of concepts from the 60s and 70s
Short typography of significant practices:
(1) Arts numériques – media arts, art on/in the internet
(2) Renewal of "dancy dance" and compositional strategies (resistance to "non-dance")
(3) Dancing outside of theatres, in situ, work-in-progrees, and so moving away from product orientation
(4) Renewing interaction with audiences, relational art
(5) Indiscipliné – undisciplined (beyond the interdisciplinary)
(6) Bringing back concepts from the 60s and 70s
(7) Integration of various cultural and popular dance forms – moving traditional forms towards modernity – global art
Politics and new practices:
Fads – being "in" and "out"
Countries in which culture is dictated by the government, or by presenters who tend to stifle these new practices
Countries in which classical ballet still predominates (ex. Italy)
Philosophy and new practices:
New practices are linked to where the artist is coming from and where s/he has been, geography and environment – la provenance des artistes
How artists and presenters can foster these new practices:
Adapt to the demands of new technologies
Create more flexible, multi-functional spaces
Créer des "epaces de vie" — create "spaces for life, for living" – modular residencies, living spaces…
Consider young new publics who are used to the "zapping" of images, acceleration but also
work with the reality of inter-generational audiences
How to work with an excessive amount of programming (ex. in large urban centres)
Need for intelligent, open-minded, ever-evolving presenters who embrace these new practices
Foster better, more sustainable relationships between artists and presenters
How can networks support these new practices:
Work together to provide more money and time for artistic work
Balance the two poles: grouping together to support one artist vs. creating informal and ephemeral partnerships to support artists who fall outside of these kinds of supporting networks
Build spaces that are better adapted to these new practices (more flexible, more windows, etc.)


text:
We are excited to bring you our crowd favorite, Flamin' Tiger! The unique Golden Symbols Feature burns the reels with gilded Wilds in both Bought and Free Spins! Free Spins Bonus triggers 10 Free Spins and can be retriggered!
Golden Symbols Feature
The Golden Symbols Feature when triggered randomly selects symbols in the first reel from the left to turn all like symbols into Golden Wilds.
Visually, the Golden Symbols Feature randomly triggers and encases the first reel from the left with a flaming box.
Symbols within the flaming box will randomly chose 1-3 symbols to be Golden Symbols. As the spin continues, the next reels will be encased with flame, and the selected Golden Symbols turns all like symbols into Golden Wilds.
The Golden Symbols Feature can be randomly triggered within Bought and Free Spins.
Free Spins Bonus
Receiving 3 or more Mountain Scatters anywhere on the reels will trigger 10 Free Spins, and can be retriggered with 3 or more Mountain Scatters during the Free Spins.
Golden Symbols can be randomly triggered during the Free Spins Bonus.
Jackpots are not available for this machine at the present.
Jackpots are subject to change at anytime for Special Events, tuning up, or for any reason without warning. The information above will otherwise be assumed correct.


text:
Changing the conversation. Religion. Faith. Love. People coming together
to live in peace and harmony. What if we put aside our
differences and embraced a commitment to
the golden rule?
What if we committed to treating others as we want to be treated?
What if each of us intentionally decided
not to do to others what we do not want done to us?
What if we committed to kindness,
extending basic dignity and respect to every person
regardless of race, creed,
religion or abilities?
The Charter for
Compassion is doing just this; join the movement.
What if we were more like angels and less like demons?
What if our light not our darkness took over? What if all religions
agreed that faith was based on rising
above selfishness and self centeredness and embracing others,
caring, respecting and yes even loving each other; regardless
of our differences?
What if?
What if a charter for compassion existed? What if all people
everywhere came together under a banner, in a movement
to ignite the world in compassion, to commit themselves to
intentional living, mindful, respectful, kind and generous in
care and attention to others?
What if compassion became an epidemic?
What if compassion had as many daily tweets as Twitter, as many loyal fans as
Facebook, as many followers as all the world religions combined?
What if?
What if you and I harnessed our lives for compassion
realizing our every deed, every thought and every
action had the power to change someone's day; week; life?
What if all that is needed to create a world ablaze in
compassion is individuals committed to daily meditation,
prayer, mindfulness; committing to meet every human being,
every circumstance with care; tenderness and kindness
no matter the inconvenience, dissapointment and cost?
What if?
Compassion it's not what I thought… it doesn't begin with everyone
else it begins with me.
Pam Hoelzle
@pamhoelzle on twitter


text:
This segment is called "The Learning Curve" where you, young blog proprietor, will get a link to your new site on Deadspin. Any and all questions you may have about being a successful blogger will (hopefully) be answered.
Not by me, though. Consider this a "Dear Abby" for blog publishers and, you, proud, angry, often cruel commentariat should provide your helpful tips on success.
Now, thick skin is a requirement for every blogger. But do try to be helpful as well.
Don't just torture all these people and trounce on their dreams in the comments — email them your tips, your real suggestions, your advice, etc. Touch lives and all that.
Today: Brad's Beard's Blog, a web site devoted to the Vikings in general and Brad Childress' facial hair in particular.
Is there any doubt as to why the Vikings are 5-0? A light schedule and dumb luck? No. The Purple Jesus? He's alright. That old guy handing the ball off to the Purple Jesus? No comment.
It's the Beard. Since Mr. Childress grew the majestic face mane, the Vikes have been tougher, manlier, and downright authoritative.
Some claim the Beard makes Mr. Childress look like a pedophile. Blasphemy. On Brad's Beard's Blog (http://bradsbeard.tumblr.com), we celebrate the Beard – easily the most talked-about Beard in recent Minnesota history.
We're a small band of Minneapolis expats living in New York City with nothing better to do than go to BarNone (a Vikings and Saints(?) bar in the East Village) and cheer on the Beard (we chant every time it is shown on TV). In between, we scour the internet looking for mentions of The Beard and writing the occasional beard-related post. We know we need to expand the number of original posts, but we'd love feedback on the idea as a whole
Help these people.


text:
Azodin Kaos Manual – Click Here
Popular Upgrades & Supplies!
Air & Barrel Upgrades, O Ring Kits and more!
The Azodin Kaos paintball gun is one of the best paintball guns in the industry for that price. With the many different colors the paintball gun is available in from Azodin Paintball, the gun caters to a very large crowd of players in the industry. With a lot of new players looking for a great beginner gun, the Azodin Kaos is at the top of the list when it comes to price, performance and reliability.
The Azodin Kaos paintball gun is based very closely to the Spyder paintball guns which have been around for over 15 years in the paintball world. Azodin however took the basic design of the Spyder one step further. The Azodin Kaos barrel threads are the same threads as the older well known paintball gun "Autococker". This thread style for the barrel is now the most prominent thread style in the paintball industry making the Azodin Kaos a better choice for a player who may want to upgrade their gun soon and not have to purchase another barrel just because they changed guns.
(Admin Notes: Page 1 #4 11/29/11)


text:
Dear Sponsor,
Hello, my name is Suzannah Guthrie. I am a senior at The Link School and this is my second year to be blessed to attend. I am from Wichita, Kansas, but before I came to Link, I was a boarding student at The Principia. When I was there, I was a cross-country runner, as well as a dancer. There was a great deal that I learned, and I grew too, but I soon felt that I was no longer being pushed to be the best that I could be, which is what prompted me to apply to Link in the first place, and what an experience I have had.
In the past year, there is so much that I have valued, the experiences I've had, the people I've met, the growth I have achieved. A something in particular that I would like to share is the strength and courage I learned to express throughout the field programs we took this year. Every field program we took this year pushed me to be my best and my strongest. A good example is our trip in October, running Desolation Canyon in hard shell and inflatable kayaks. It took all of everything we had to keep moving down river in the rain and wind, and even after I swam a class three rapid, I stayed calm and still able to help the group with the task at hand. Later in the year, I had chances to prove myself over and over again, climbing Independence tower, mountain biking difficult routes in Fruita, Colorado, even leading a trip in which all the students went out on three day solos, despite weather conditions that were not ideal. Those experiences have truly meant the world to me.
Being a Link School student is so much more than just going on field programs, experiencing it and moving on. Being a Link School student changes you as a person. Before I came here, I would describe myself as ungrateful, self-centered, and self-loathing. There is a worldview that this is how all teenagers act, but over the last two years, I've learned that that could not be farther from the truth. Link taught me to apply the Sunday school answers that I've known my whole life, to know that I am no less than God's perfect reflection, that the world really is my oyster, and that with enough determination, courage and wisdom, I can follow the path that God has laid out for me and expect only good. The growth and wisdom I have gained over this last year and the year before is priceless, but thanks to you, it was possible for me. Thank you.
Sincerely, Suzannah Guthrie
Dear Sponsor,
My name is Kelemn. Being at The Link School this past semester has been an amazing experience. I had no idea I would grow so much in just one semester. There are so many opportunities here to take advantage of, and I was so excited to find out that I was able to go kayaking, skiing every Friday after school, and most of all that I was able to do pottery. I had taken a pottery class my freshman year, and hadn't got the opportunity to continue ceramics until this semester when I arrived at Link! David Bailey helped me get back into the swing of things, and I am so grateful that I got to make so many pieces.
I wouldn't have been able to experience all these great moments here at Link if it wasn't for your help, and I am so very grateful for that. It means so much to me that I was able to be a part of this wonderful school.
I couldn't begin to tell you how much I have grown since the beginning of this semester. This amazing environment, surrounded by Christian Scientists, let me explore my spiritual identity and really find out who I am. I really enjoyed spiritual prep every morning, where it allowed the students to start their days with Christian Science and a good idea to bring with you throughout the day. Again I am so grateful that you allowed me to have this amazing opportunity to come to Link. Thank you.
Warmly, Kelemn
Dear Sponsor,
My name is George Winter and I'm from Derby, England. I'm a senior and fourth year student here at Link. Being at Link for the whole of high school has completely changed who I am. I cannot express enough gratitude for the sponsors that make Link possible.
This year has been an extremely busy one for me, both in and out of the classroom. I applied and was offered a place at university, I had a successful year of academics and I learnt and developed many skills on expeditions, including learning how to roll a kayak.
I have seen a lot of change in this year in particular. Not only have I been able to make radical change in the way I work with academics and have them be much more successful, but I've been able to see my own potential as a student, which is definitely something I was lacking earlier.
Thanks again for all your support.
Sincerely, George Winter
Dear sponsor,
This first year at link has been an absolutely amazing experience throughout this year. I have learned so much about self-confidence and how to handle various situations. For this being my first year at Link, I think that this will definitely leave a huge, positive impact on my life. What I have been working on this year is sushi and how to make it. Being able to make sushi and improve on my cooking skills has really been amazing for me. Once again I would like to thank you for giving this gift of Link.
Sincerely, Shepherd Momo LeVan
Dear Sponsor,
My name is Rocky Kemper and I am a senior at The Link School in Buena Vista, Colorado. I am one of three students that are from Buena Vista locally. I love to fish, hunt, rock climb, mountain bike, and do many other outdoor activities. I went to the public school in Buena Vista for two years, then I came to Link my junior year because the public school system was not a good fit for me.
There have been many moments that I have truly valued this year. Many of the expeditions have had hilarious moments. There have also been some rough spots that we have had to get through. All of these have been learning experiences that I will use for the rest of my life.
This year at Link, I have also learned an infinite number of different skills. Some of these could include bettering my organization skills, integrity, and work ethic. I was not satisfied with who I was as a person when I first came to Link. I did not have a sense of integrity or work ethic. Throughout these past two years at Link, I have finally become confident with my personal ability in these two qualities.
Dear friend,
Thank you so much for your support in my education. My name is Tailor Boucher and I am a graduating senior this year at Link. I'm writing this letter to let you know that you have contributed to the most beautiful gift imaginable: growth and experience that has changed my life.
When I look back on the two years I've had at Link, I am amazed at the opportunity that was given to me. The backcountry expeditions have fuelled my love for adventure and becoming closer to our sweet earth. I am confident in my skills as an outdoors person, and in particular, I feel a closer relationship with nature that I am sure will be a driving factor in my life to come.
One thing that I am very, very happy and grateful about is how my Spanish skills have improved. Coming into the year, I was a Spanish 1 student, learning numbers and colors. Now, two years later, I have moved through Spanish 3/4 and am planning to pursue a focus in Spanish in university. I know, that if I had tried learning Spanish in any other setting, I wouldn't have grown nearly as much as I have the past two years. Having the opportunities to travel to Spanish speaking countries and learn in a truly experiential manner has been the largest catalyst for learning the language.
Traveling internationally has been something that I am brought to tears by. I am moved with emotion when I think of how I have learned about the world and myself though experiencing life beyond my home. Two years ago, I wouldn't have pictured myself scaling a glaciated, Andean peak in Peru, or having Spanish conversations with friends that I had made in Mexico.
Speaking of Mexico, this year I had the opportunity to go on a senior project, which was volunteering in Baja California Sur as an assistant English teacher in a non-profit, afterschool, English program. It was the first time that I had travelled internationally by myself, and I cannot begin to describe just how moving that experience was. I felt a sense of freedom and hope that was unknown to me, and grew immensely as a person, teacher, and traveler.
I came into this school experience as child, but now I have been molded and shaped into wiser child of life. Thank you so very, very much my friend. I say friend, because you have helped bring such incredible good into my life. God bless you, I and I wish you the best that there is. My door is always open to you, and my heart is even more so.
Best of wishes—Tailor Jude Boucher
Dear Sponsor,
Hello, my name is Emma Oyer. I am from Buena Vista, Colorado and this is my first year at The Link School as a junior. I came to The Link School to try a different way of learning. I had heard about Link's project based learning and was interested to experience what Link alumni had told me about. And my expectations were far exceeded, even in my first week of school. I was able to understand more then what I had before, and that's when I knew it would be a good school year.
While here I have been introduced to numerous different activities that I had only dreamed of learning before. Snowboarding, rock climbing, mountain biking, and rafting are some new additions to my sports list and I cannot wait to grow in these activities my senior year. Everyone at Link was so supportive of me when I was first starting to learn how to try these activities. I was given so many tips from staff and students that after only a couple days I felt like I was a pro. Going into next year I feel confident that I can help the new students understand how to be successful in climbing, biking, etc.
I have valued my experiences at The Link School but one activity Link has truly supported me in was my strengthening of my passion – horseback riding. I have been riding horses for years over at the Adventure Unlimited Ranches, and with coming to Link I had planned on riding horses as much as I could. All year Link gave me the resources I needed to achieve my goal. I was able to ride all year, attend a Polocrosse tournament in Texas, and lastly, buy my own yearling so I could train him my senior year. Link has given me opportunities I did not believe were possible, and because of you I am able to go to this amazing school. So thank you for your donation. It has meant the world to me and changed my life forever.
Sincerely, Emma Oyer
Dear Sponsor,
My Name is Sarah DeNicholas. I am from St. Louis, Missouri and am a senior this year at Link. I have been here for two years and could not be more grateful for each experience I've been able to have. I am so very grateful for your donation to my education that allowed me to return to Link for my final year of high school.
I have loved each activity I have been able to learn here. One of the things I've really enjoyed doing is kayaking. On our first river trip of the year in Desolation Canyon, I was very uncomfortable being in a hard-shell kayak. I had flipped once before and was afraid of it happening again. I continued to work through this challenge metaphysically and eventually became unafraid of larger rapids and at the thought of flipping. I also began to develop a love for kayaking and couldn't wait to get back on the water each day, and for the rest of the year after that trip. This is one of the many experiences I am deeply grateful to have been able to have.
The Link School has taught me more than I could have possibly imagined, and I can honestly say I would not be the same person if I had not had the opportunity to come here. Each different experience has shown me something new about my relationship with God, and I have made extensive progress with my spiritual growth. I will be forever grateful for my experience at Link, and for your donation that allowed me to come here. Thank you for your support of my incredible education here.
Sincerely, Sarah DeNicholas
Dear Sponsor,
My name is Astrid and I am a junior at The Link School. I am wrapping up my second year and am enjoying every minute of it. Illinois is my home, but I also consider Colorado home because I have been coming to Buena Vista/Colorado since I was young. In my free time I enjoy reading, climbing, and riding horses.
This year I really valued the expeditions we went on. I do not think there was one that did not push me and I did not learn from. All are invaluable to who I am. For example, I helped lead the horse pack trip we went on in the Fall, and through that experience I learned new leadership skills and how to problem solve better.
I have grown a lot this year. It has not been an easy year for me, but I have learned a lot as a result. One of my main struggles this year has been Calculus and finishing it on time and getting a grade that I am happy with. I finished the second semester in less than half the time it took me to complete the first. I learned that through hard work and determination I can accomplish almost anything.
Because of you I am able to grow exponentially each year and become the person I want to be. Thank you!
Astrid List
Dear Sponsor,
My name is Alex Jones and I have been coming to Link for three years now. This is my senior year. I'm from Pueblo Colorado. I came to Link because public school wasn't working for me. I was more focused on friends and not academics. When my freshmen year was over, I came to Link, and my grades started to improve. The teachers here have helped me improve my grades each year. I have also been able to ride horses a lot, which is my favorite thing to do on project time opportunities.
Something I have gotten out of this year is being able to train a horse. During the process of the training I learned a lot about myself. I thought that riding involved sitting on a horse and going along for the ride. Since I have been training for the last four mouths I was able to train a horse that had some problems to fix. All the problems have been fixed. Being able to work with my horse has been something that I have valued the most.
What I got out of this project is not being afraid of horses. I love horses and I also have had some bad injuries from riding different horses. This project helped me get over those fears and become more of a confident rider. I also want to be a horse trainer and training this horse has helped my riding skills get better. I have loved my experience here at Link and I will never forget it. Thank you for making in possible for me to come here.
Sincerely, Alex Jones
Dear Sponsor
Howdy, my name is Clara Oyer. I am a junior at The Link School and this was my first year at Link. I am from Buena Vista, Colorado. I came to The Link School because I discovered that experiential learning is a way to keep me interested in classes. Going out and doing expeditions while learning has taught me to grow as a student and help me discover what I'm capable of academically.
We just recently got off an alpine mountaineering expedition. I was really concerned about this expedition because it was going to be physically demanding. On the fourth day of the trip I was feeling really tired and it was our last day to attempt a peak. We were hiking Mt. Etna, which is a mountain next to the Lost Wonder Hut where we were staying. When we were hiking the mountain, any fear or idea that I was sore or to tired or was unable to hike Etna was gone. The group of students and staff that I hiked up with shared so much joy and love towards the group that everything went very harmoniously. We peaked Etna later that morning. Being able to go and peak a mountain with the amazing group was a marvelous way to end the year.
The Link School and the people here have taught me a lot about how to be a joyous loving person. Everyone giving and sharing that love towards each other has strengthened our compassion towards each other. Trying to peak that mountain wouldn't have been as easy if we didn't support everyone there. I'm so grateful for everyone here. I'm sad the year has to end but I know that next year I will learn something new that will help me to become a stronger individual. Thank you so much for supporting me at being here at The Link School. The experiences I have had here have meant the world to me.
Sincerely, Clara Oyer
Dear Sponsor,
My name is Sam Davis I am a junior from St. Louis, MO, and have attended the Link school for the past 2 years.
I have spent these past two years doing many different things that have made me excited and helped my growth. Some of the things that I have really enjoyed, are our biking trips, the service work time, and our river trips. The biking has really helped with my determination and improved my balance and patience with learning new skills. With the service work I found a sense of home in working with my hands much like I do at home. With our river trips I found new ways to find peace and calm in the river.
These past two years I have been working a lot on my integrity and on my outward appearance, making sure I don't put out a sense of hate or frustration when I am walking around and interacting with others. While it has been tough to tackle these issues, the community here has helped me a tremendous amount and these issues have gone away and I am more happy and have been able to really address the underlying problems that were there waiting to be healed.
Thank you again, Sam Davis
Dear Sponsor,
As a senior here at Link I've been given innumerable opportunities to grow spiritually and as a person. I am incredibly excited for everything that will come after Link, and feel that this opportunity has set me up for the continuation of success I know will follow.
This year, I've had many experiences that have been the laboratory of the growth I've seen. They have come in struggles on expeditions and in daily life at school. The most poignant of the experiences I've had in the outdoors came while kayaking. As an A/U rafting camper of four years, I thought I had an understanding of the river—to me, everything I heard about the river made sense. For me, kayaking was incredibly humbling because I thought I was comfortable on the water, yet every one of my kayaking experiences seemed absolutely frustrating. One of the community principles this year was patience, and after a particularly humbling day on the river I realized that I needed to be patient with myself and let God do the work. As the year progressed I continued to work on my kayaking skills at every opportunity and found that every time I stepped back to let my boating be an expression of God, I boated well and comfortably. However, anytime I got back into feeling like it was all up to me, I would have a rough day. In the end, I felt much more confident about my kayaking ability because I realized that my abilities aren't my own, they are expressions of God.
As I look to the future, I know that I am heading into a largely unknown world, but the experiences I have had at Link will put me in position to succeed whatever I face. Next year, I will be going to school at Quest University in Squamish, British Columbia and I can't wait to bring the lessons I've learned into practice in a brand new experience.
Your donation has been essential to my time at Link, and I'm eternally grateful for what you have done for me.
Love, Kevin Wood


text:
- We offer classes for ages 5 to 17.
- Classes are held Thursday evenings from 6:00PM – 7:00PM in the Parish Hall
- Pre-K (age 5): Students will study the basics of the faith.
- 1st Grade: Students will study the basics of the faith including a deeper meaning of creation, the Blessed Trinity, Jesus Christ, the Church, morality, and the Sacraments. This class is required prior to receiving the Sacrament of Reconciliation in the second grade.
- 2nd Grade: Students focus on the Sacrament of Reconciliation and begin preparing for the Sacrament of Confirmation. The students in this class will receive the Sacrament of Reconciliation in the Spring of 2019. This class is required before students move on to the Sacraments of Confirmation and First Holy Communion.
- 3rd Grade: Students will focus on the Sacraments of Confirmation and First Holy Communion and receive both in the Spring of 2019.
- Confirmation (ages 10-12): Students who have received the Sacraments of Baptism, Reconciliation, and Holy Communion and are ten years of age will begin a two-year program preparing them to receive the Sacrament of Confirmation.
- RCIC (ages 12-17): Students who are twelve years of age or older and have not been Baptized or received the Sacraments of Reconciliation of Holy Communion will begin a two-year program. The first year of this program will focus on the basics of the faith and the Sacrament of Baptism, which they will receive in the Spring of 2019. The second year of this program focuses on the Sacraments of Confirmation and First Holy Communion. Students will receive those Sacraments in the Spring of 2020.
- Confirmation (ages 13-17): This is a two-year program. Students will focus on the basics of the faith in the first year and focus on the Sacrament of Confirmation in the second year.
Registration & Fees
- Registered Parishioners: $45.00 for 1 student per family || $80.00 for two students per family || $120.00 for three students per family
- Non-parishioners: $60.00 per student
- Baptismal certificates are required at the time of registration.
- Late Registration: Accepted through September 26, 2019. Please come to the Parish Hall on Thursday evenings from 6:00PM – 7:30PM.
- Please see the Parish Calendar for all the activities the Religious Education students are involved in throughout the year.
- All registration fees are recurring yearly fees.
Important Dates
- Registration: August 29th from 6PM – 7PM in the Parish Hall
- Class Start: September 12, 2018 from 6:00PM – 7:00PM in the Parish Hall
- You can fill out online and email to Crystal Peccia
- OR print, fill out, and bring in person to the Parish Office (M-F) or bring to Registration on August 29th
Have questions? Please contact:
Crystal Peccia
Director of Religious Education
Phone: 303-455-0447 x23
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
**For adults interested in classes, please visit our RCIA page**


text:
Prof. Josep Tàpies of IESE Business School in Spain is absolutely right when he remarked, "No one assumes that the son of a great violinist will also be a virtuoso on that instrument".
So when do we consider a succession successful? First, it is when the company's founder hands over the business seamlessly to the children, along with their spouses without any fanfare nor disturbances in any of the three critical pillars: Family, business and ownership systems.
Second, it includes the transfer of power to the most qualified and deserving next generation leader, who will navigate the enterprise together with his or her siblings. The transition to a chosen successor is a critical decision made unanimously by all the siblings, the BOD and the senior executive team.
The third element in the succession journey is that every strategic move is guided by a family agreement or a charter where governance issues are raised to the family council for approval using pre-agreed barometers. It is also essential for every member of the family council to be involved in a consensual decision-making process under a culture of transparency and respect.
In my family governance work at W+B Advisory, it can take up to 10 to 12 sessions or close to a year to create a family agreement. Why that long? There is no short cut to creating a real and authentic governance process. Just to initiate a transition from an informal set of rules to documenting formal agreements can be daunting for family members who are not used to corporate best practices.
During sessions, family members are made aware of their inherent responsibilities. They are guided on every item covering a slew of code of conduct policies where they simulate a formal meeting and collectively negotiate an acceptable governance solution to predictable problems that will likely happen in the future.
The fourth element is the creation of a Family Business Training Institute meant to inculcate good parenting programs, values formation training, business skills enhancement, shareholders education, a rigid successor program, Board level governance and institutionalizing a culture of stewardship to all family members.
And finally the last element in the succession journey is the creation of a Single Family office (SFO) that seeks to manage and preserve the family's wealth. An SFO is a private company that manages investments and trusts for a single family.
Other services include family governance, financial and investment education, philanthropy, estate planning and tax mitigating services. For ultra-high net worth (UHNW) families ably assisted by my firm, we assist family businesses in pursuing diversification strategies using private equity and liquidity investments.
Tàpies concludes, "All companies are subject to risks committed by governments and managers, but family companies, because of their very nature, can more easily succumb to a series of mistakes. The succession process is a key issue that the family company must confront. It is a long process that requires planning and collaboration with outside advisors. A well-prepared succession requires the intensive training of one or several different successors. It also requires you to establish conditions that will regulate relationships between shareholders, managers and corporate personnel in the future."
In closing, succession is a new beginning, a process, an ever evolving phenomenon. Most of all, it is a journey. Hence, adequate preparation is key and this includes:
· An agreement or willingness of the successors to go on the trip
· A common destination with shared values
· Milestones for monitoring progress
· Fuel to sustain the journey
· Fundamental skills for dealing with road obstacles
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As quality rating and improvement systems (QRISs) increasingly become the key strategy for improving the quality of early care and education, it is critical to understand and examine how such systems define quality, the benchmarks used to indicate quality, and the opportunities in place to support improvement. This report examines the extent to which QRISs support the professional development of practitioners and include in their rating rubrics key ingredients – staff qualifications, direct compensation, and the factors related to work settings – that have been linked to quality.
Center for the Study of Child Care Employment
Conducting research and proposing policy solutions aimed at improving how our nation prepares, supports, and rewards the early care and education workforce since 1999.