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Constituency #20: Pembroke South West
[UPDATE Dec 17: Election Results] Susan Jackson [OBA] has defeated Marcus Jones [PLP] and Independents David Petty and Jonathan Starling in C#20 Pembroke South West.
Considered by many to be a safe seat for the Opposition, Pembroke South West will see a new MP in the House as the incumbent Louise Jackson is retiring.
Four candidates are contesting the seat: Marcus Jones will stand for the PLP, Mrs Jackson's daughter Susan Jackson will stand for the OBA, while Jonathan Starling and David Petty will run as Independents.
The seat saw the largest margin of victory in the 2007 General Election, with Mrs Jackson [under the UBP] earning 83% [711-145] of the vote vs the PLP's Laverne Furbert. In the 2003 General Election, Mrs Jackson won with 81.83% of the vote against Neville Darrell.
[Updated Nov 14] Jonathan Starling will run in C#20 as an Independent
[Updated Nov 19] Independent David Petty will also be contesting C#20
The areas the Pembroke South West constituency consist of, or is located by, includes Pitts Bay Road, Serpentine Road, Woodlands Road, Canal Road, Laffan Street, Cedar Avenue, Victoria Street, Reid Street, Cavendish Road, Lane Hill and more.
Marcus Jones' bio, as provided by the PLP:
Marcus James Anthony Jones, an experienced professional in the hospitality industry, is the candidate for the Progressive Labour Party in Constituency 20, Pembroke South West.
Mr Jones, the son of William and Mary Louise Jones, was born in 1965 and spent his formative years in Somerset.
He was educated first at West End Primary School (1977) and then Warwick Academy (1982) where he received his high school education. He then continued his studies overseas at Trent University in Peterborough, Ontario where he earned his Bachelors Degree in Economics (1988). As his interest centred on the Hospitality Industry, he was able to attain diplomas at Bermuda College in Hospitality Supervisor and Food & Beverage Controls courses.
His work experience has been in the hotel sector, specifically within the area of Accounting and most recently he was promoted to the post of General Manager. He has filled the role as Director of Finance for several hotels locally, one of which was Elbow Beach Resort (1997 – 1999) and overseas at the Novotel Toronto Centre (1999 – 2001). Later he was responsible for opening three hotels on the island…The Wharf Executive Suites (2002) Grape Bay Beach Hotel (2004) and 9 Beaches Resort (2006) in the capacity of General Manager.
On completion of his tenure at the Department of Tourism as Manager, Hotel Administration, in 2010 he started his own hospitality consultancy business, Covenant Hospitality Solutions Ltd.
As Project Leader for the Economic Empowerment Zone Agency, he was instrumental in the launching
of an EEZ designation in the East End. His keen commitment to public service has seen his involvement not only within the PLP but in a number of community groups.
His community work has also included being a participant of the Foster Parent Programme, President of West End Primary School PTA and most recently in the formation of the Cook's Hill Neighbourhood Watch whose purpose is to enhance community spirit, quality of life and safety amongst its residents.
He is active in his local church, Better Covenant Christian Fellowship, and is an avid sportsman.
He and his wife Sophia are the parents of two children, Caleb and Abigail.
Jonathan Starling's bio, as provided [PDF here]:
Jonathan Starling has been an active voice in Bermudian politics since 2003 and an online political commentator since 2007 with his Catch-A-Fire blog. A community activist in Bermuda, Canada and Scotland, Jonathan has been involved in movements to promote peace, social justice, anti-racist action, women's rights and a healthy environment for all.
With a background in Biology and Anthropology, and Master's degrees in Ecological Economics and Urban and Regional Planning, Jonathan has the expertise and experience that Bermuda needs for balancing the competing interests of society, the economy and the environment.
Having worked for the Department of Conservation Services in Bermuda and Forest Research in the UK, he has hands-on experience with Bermuda's environmental problems and knowledge of international best-practice on balancing social, economic and environmental issues.
Passionate about social justice, gender and racial equality, participatory democracy and a healthy, safe and green society, Jonathan Starling has the experience, skills and passion to work for you as an independent voice for the island's most pressing issues.
Jonathan Starling will work passionately to make issues of social, economic and environmental justice central to decision-making and policy. He believes the environment is much more than corals and trees – the environment is where we live, where we work and where we play.
Susan Jackson's bio, as provided by the OBA:
Susan is a fourth generation Jackson to commit to public service.
Her father was the late Senator Albert Jackson, an Independent who served as Senate President for 12 years. Her mother is Louise Jackson, former Member of Parliament and longtime Shadow Minister for Health and Seniors. Her great grandfather was the second black Bermudian elected to the House of Assembly, in 1887.
"I approach public service with a deep sense of responsibility and pride," she said. "I believe trust is the most important ingredient for effective representation and that trust must be earned."
Susan is confident her participation in the One Bermuda Alliance can lead to positive results for the people of Pembroke South West and Bermuda. She believes in Bermuda and its people and that "together we can build a future that is safe, prosperous and fair to all."
Susan is a corporate communications specialist having spent 20 years writing for electric, telecommunication and financial institutions; Belco, BTC and most recently HSBC Bank Bermuda Limited. She also worked in the Department of Education for seven years as a Speech Language Pathologist. She is committed to community service and has volunteered for a variety of social support organisations including Mirrors, YouthNet, PRIDE and Women's Resource Centre.
Educated in Bermuda, England and the United States, Susan has a BSc. in Speech from Emerson College, Boston, Massachusetts and professional designations from Communication, Advertising and Marketing(CAM) Education Foundation in London, England.
"There is much to do to make things right, much to repair to get this country working again," she said.
Constituency boundary map, click to enlarge:
Category: Constituency, Won by the OBA in 2012
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- Independent Jonathan Starling To Run In C#20 | Bernews.com | November 14, 2012


text: OSHA (29 CFR 1910.119) has recognized AIChE/DIERS two-phase flow publications as examples of "good engineering practice" for process safety management of highly hazardous materials. The prediction of when two-phase flow venting will occur, and the applicability of various sizing methods for two-phase vapor-liquid flashing flow, is of particular interest when designing emergency relief systems to handle runaway reactions. This comprehensive sourcebook brings together a wealth of information on methods that can be used to safely size emergency relief systems for two-phase vapor-liquid flow for flashing or frozen, viscous or nonviscous fluids. Design methodologies are illustrated by selected sample problems. Written by industrial experts in the safety field, this book will be invaluable to those charged with operating, designing, or managing today's and tomorrow's chemical process industry facilities.

subset: commoncrawl


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The Government Accountability Office (GAO) counted a whopping 641 programs in place at 130 federal agencies in 2010 to prop up windmill technology and underwrite solar panel manufacturers. The report released Tuesday didnt include a reliable estimate of the total cost to taxpayers. The auditors found the array of loans, tax credits, agency purchases of purportedly green vehicles and the cost of regulations would take a great deal of effort to tally.
For instance, the Commerce Department has a Joint Wind Energy Program, Clean Energy Trade Missions, a Global Climate Change Mitigation Incentive Fund, an Environmentally Sustainable Development Investment Priority and a Green Technology Pilot Program - to name just a few. These programs frequently overlap, as the Commerce Department also runs a Green Ship Initiative. The secretary of defense has his own Renewable At-Sea Power Program. The Navy has an Energy Program for Security and Independence, an Alternative Fuels Program, a Third Party-Financed Medium Scale Renewable Power Generation program, and more. Of course, the U.S. Navy was founded on renewable energy. It was wind power that propelled Capt. John Paul Jones and the USS Ranger to victory in battle with the HMS Drake in 1778.


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More than 60 world leaders gathered in Paris Sunday to mark 100 years since the end of World War I, and although the general theme was unity, President Donald Trump seemed determined to stand apart. While world leaders took a bus to the Arc de Triomphe and walked side-by-side as bells tolled to mark the exact moment 100 years ago when the war ended, Trump arrived with his own motorcade. Russian President Vladimir Putin also arrived separately and walked in by himself to the ceremony that included, among others, German Chancellor Angela Merkel, Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau, and Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu. White House press secretary Sarah Huckabee Sanders said Trump arrived separately "due to security protocols." But his insistence on standing apart didn't sit well with others, particularly after Trump drew fire for his decision to cancel his appearance at a memorial service Saturday because of rain.
World leaders, from left, Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau, Morocco's Prince Moulay Hassan, Moroccan King Mohammed VI, U.S. President Donald Trump, German Chancellor Angela Merkel, French President Emmanuel Macron and his wife Brigitte Macron, Russian President Vladimir Putin and Australian Governor-General Peter Cosgrove attend a ceremony at the Arc de Triomphe as part of the commemorations marking the 100th anniversary of the November 11, 1918, armistice, which ended World War I in Paris November 11, 2018.
Activists wearing the masks of the seven leaders of G7, from left, French President Emmanuel Macron, Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe, German Chancellor Angela Merkel, Italian Premier Paolo Gentiloni, British Prime Minister Theresa May, U.S. President Donald Trump and Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau, sit at a table eating mock pasta during an initiative by Oxfam, an international confederation of NGOS aimed at fighting poverty, ahead of the G7 summit scheduled for May 26 and 27 in Taormina, Italy, Thursday, May 25, 2017.
Nigel Farage, the former leader of the Ukip party and prominent Leave campaigner in the Brexit referendum in June, has been shortlisted for Time magazine's person of the year award. Farage is one of the 11 contenders named by the U.S. publication alongside U.S. President-elect Donald Trump, Hillary Clinton, Beyoncé and Russian President Vladimir Putin. "As head of the U.K. Independence Party, Farage was a face of the successful campaign for Britain to leave the European Union, positioning the referendum as the start of a global populist wave against the political establishment," the magazine said. The other contenders are U.S. Olympic gymnast Simone Biles, Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi, Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan, Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg, residents of Flint, Michigan, who blew the whistle on lead-poisoned water and Russia's CRISPR scientists, who have developed technology that can edit DNA. Last year's winner was German Chancellor Angela Merkel.
WASHINGTON (Reuters) - U.S. President Donald Trump spoke by phone on Thursday to German Chancellor Angela Merkel, French President Emmanuel Macron, Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau and British Prime Minister Theresa May to explain his decision to withdraw from the Paris climate accord, a senior White House official said.


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Alex boss says he will step up his search for an attacking midfielder next week
Steve Davis has told the club's official web-site that he will step up his search for a creative midfield player next week. The Alex boss is after an attack-minded midfield player to assist with getting better service into the front players and he has already opened talks with a Premier League club in the hope of attracting the club's desired target.
Davis has already signed the Manchester City Under-21 captain George Evans on a three-month loan deal but wants another to complement the middle of the pitch.
Steve told crewealex.net: "I would like to bring in another midfield player if we can. I want a creative one, a real passer who can get it into the forward players better. We have tried to play a different way this season but we need to combine the midfield with the attack a lot better.
"We could do with some more quality in there and I have already had dialogue with the club about getting a particular one in. The signs are good because the club are keen for the player to get out and play some games.
"The player is keen to come so if we can step it up and do something next week then we would. He is a young player from a Premier League club and he is eager to get some competitive game time."


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Introduction: Conversation Heart Plush/Pillow
Here is a tutorial on how I made a Conversation Heart plush!
I have also provided FREE templates. There is a video at the end!
Hope you enjoy :)
Step 1: Gather Materials
Materials needed:
- Conversation Heart template
- Felt: light pink, red**
- Matching threads: light pink, red
- Stuffing
- Sewing needle, scissors, pins
**if you want to make it more pillow like, I would recommend material such as fleece.
1) Cut out all the template pieces with the corresponding fabric.
Step 2: Sewing Words
2) Sew the words/ symbols using red thread.
In my case, I am sewing "XOXO".
Step 3: Rectangular Strip
3) Make sure the rectangular strip fits comfortably around the heart shape.
Pin it and sew it on using a blanket stitch.
Step 4: Putting It Together
4) Sew the second heart shape onto the rectangular strip using a blanket stitch.
Don't forget to leave a hole to turn it inside out.
Step 5: Close It Off
5) Stuff it to your liking and close it off using a ladder stitch.
Step 6: Finished!
Enjoy your 3D Conversation heart!
Step 7: FULL VIDEO INSTRUCTION
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Amidst the Lady Gaga-fueled hype of the last few days, stylist Nicola Formichetti's debut womenswear collection for Mugler will be presented today in Paris, starring Gaga herself and streamed live on the Mugler Facebook page at 3 p.m. EST.
Having outfitted Gaga in elements of the collection for recent appearances, Formichetti has already offered a bit of a sneak peek as to the aesthetic for his debut, "but the collection is much, much more wearable and more luxury-based, rather than [stage] wear," he said in a recent interview with WWD.
Nevertheless, this is Mugler—an icon in the '80s for futuristic theatrics in power dressing—and Formichetti has kept "all the DNA of Mugler" at the heart of the fall 2011 line. Along with his Balenciaga veteran design director Sébastien Peigné, Formichetti created "supertight" silhouettes from mini to calf-length, strong shoulders, corsets, animalistic themes in "aggressive patterns" and raccoon fur, and suits and dresses inspired by the X-ray skeleton face tattoos and body art of his menswear muse and model, Rick Genest.
Such forward-thinking methods of design extend to, or perhaps come from, Formichetti's self-professed "addiction" to the community and instant gratification of social media, which, he told WWD, he got from Gaga. "Now you get to talk to and listen to your followers. I get inspired from this all the time," said Formichetti. "You feel like you're designing it together."
No doubt, after today's spectacle across the channels of social media, he'll have a lot more followers in the fold.


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Yesterday the New York Times ran a piece on all the Democratic presidential prospects visiting New York to raise money: "The First 2020 Race Is Underway: Scrambling for New York Donors." A candidate needs "to construct a $30 million war chest by the end of 2019," Shane Goldmacher wrote.
New York will be crucial to that task. More than $500 million came from the New York City area to political campaigns in the last full election — the most of any single metropolitan region in the country, according to the Center for Responsive Politics…. The road to the White House runs down 57th Street.
The article mentions a handful of New York fundraisers and donors, and most of them are pro-Israel. Though the article doesn't delve into that.
There's Robert Zimmerman — "a prominent New York donor and a member of the Democratic National Committee who has been in touch with multiple prospective candidates." Robert Zimmerman was enraged when President Obama allowed the Security Council resolution condemning settlements to go through in 2016. NY Post:
"Congress should investigate how the vote on this resolution came about," Democratic National Committee member Robert Zimmerman told The Post.
Zimmerman, a DNC super delegate and fundraiser for Hillary Clinton's presidential campaign, said… the U.S. abandoned Israel and left the Jewish state to the mercies of hostile UN officials.
"I was surprised and absolutely confounded by it. It was frustrating, disappointing and egregiously wrong. The vote certainly will hurt the Mideast peace process. Peace has to come through direct negotiations between the Israelis and Palestinians," Zimmerman said.
There's Sarah Kovner: "an influential Democratic fund-raiser in the city, [who] said she ignores those too focused on the presidential campaign." Sarah's husband Victor is a founder of J Street, and he identified himself and his wife in 2009 as liberal Zionists who love Israel and disdain the settlement project.
There are two donors who have been friendly to Elizabeth Warren:
The night after Mr. Biden's April visit, Ms. Warren mingled with donors at the Manhattan home of Mark Green, a former New York City public advocate, the official reason being her 2018 re-election bid (for which she has already stockpiled $15 million). A few months earlier, Meyer S. Frucher, the vice chairman of Nasdaq, hosted another fund-raising reception for Ms. Warren, according to people familiar with the gatherings.
Mark Green defended Israel during the 2008-2009 onslaught on Gaza, refusing to criticize it for killing children. Meyer "Sandy" Frucher has promoted Israeli companies on the Nasdaq, many a time. And been an advocate for the Israeli economy. Back in the '70s, he used support for Israel as a wedge issue when he managed the late Daniel Patrick Moynihan's successful campaign for Senate from New York.
Warren is a big progressive, but she issued only a tepid statement on the Gaza slaughter in April, not even calling them killings.
"I am deeply concerned about the deaths and injuries in Gaza. As additional protests are planned for the coming days, the Israel Defense Forces should exercise restraint and respect the rights of Palestinians to peacefully protest."
California Senator Kamala Harris is also mentioned in the Times article:
That summer, Michael Kempner, a public-relations executive and top Democratic bundler, hosted an event for her at his spread in the Hamptons.
Kempner has done pro-Israel fundraising for Democratic candidates in the past, and his firm MWW signed a PR contract with the Israeli Ministry of Tourism two years ago. From Jewish Insider:
MWWPR will develop and execute a strategic communications program designed to proactively promote Israel as a top tourist destination for North American travelers… MWW is headed by Michael Kempner, a top fundraiser for Hillary Clinton, President Obama and the Democratic Party. Kempner is listed as a "Hillblazer," having raised more than $100,000 for Clinton's presidential campaign last year.
Ronald Perelman also supported Kamala Harris, per the Times.
Ronald Perelman, the billionaire donor, organized a fund-raiser for Ms. Harris's PAC at the offices of his company, MacAndrews & Forbes, last December. Earlier in the year, Mr. Perelman, who contributes to both Republicans and Democrats, had another ambitious Californian, Mr. Garcetti, for a cocktail hour among donors at his estate in the Hamptons
Perelman is a leading supporter of Israel. He supported Lindsey Graham in the last cycle in part because of Israel, to the point that Graham joked about his reliance on Jews who love Israel: "If I put together a finance team that will make me financially competitive enough to stay in this thing…I may have the first all-Jewish cabinet in America because of the pro-Israel funding."
It would appear that Harris is positioning herself to the right of Elizabeth Warren. Harris has said nothing against the Gaza slaughter. Last year she gave a speech to the Israel lobby group AIPAC, saying that Israel made the desert bloom. Jewish Voice for Peace has called on Harris to say something/anything condemning the slaughter in Gaza.
The importance of pro-Israel Jewish donors to the Democratic Party is a big unspoken secret of American politics. Peter Beinart writes in the Forward that Bernie Sanders is more outspoken on Israel than Warren and Harris et al in part because they are dependent and he is not on "Jewish establishment" donors.
He knows that his likely 2020 competitors are moving left on issue after issue… But he knows that when it comes to Israel, those competitors are constrained by their fears of the American Jewish establishment. Bernie Sanders, who now stands a better chance of becoming president than any Jew in American history, is not afraid.
The importance of these donors was also a theme of a J Street forum on the politics of Israel in 2016 at which J.J. Goldberg pointed out that 13 of the 14 top funders of Democratic causes are Jewish. "There was one non-Jew who was giving big money to the Democrats. That's gigantic in the terms of American politics. If Bernie Sanders sets a new model, then this may change, and the weight of Jews in the political system may go down," Goldberg said.
Israel is likely to be an issue that divides the Democratic establishment from the grassroots in the 2020 cycle. To the point that the press may begin to talk openly about big donors' affinities.


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Human Identity At A Crossroad
Do you need an identity?
I ask myself this question all of the time. I find identity to be such a nuisance and I often wonder if I am alone.
Why do we need one anyway?
Is Identity Only A Social Convenience?
I think so.
It never ceases to amaze me how often people relate to me according to a perception of my identity that has nothing to do with me at all. I am sure I am not alone in that experience either.
It changes the interaction. Instead of two people being with each other having a conversation when someone relates to you from a perceived identity, they are talking at you and so the interpersonal bridge becomes damaged. Identity may be a social convenience, but it can also be a trust destroyer.
Myths And Identity
Identity wasn't always like it is today.
Many early human societies organized their communities around myths. Their stories were often promoted some aspect of human development. You could call them the human development industries of their times.
Some myths were created to describe challenges on our path from childhood to maturity. They became a form of communal glue that helped elders shepherd the next generation from dependency to roles of stewardship. Rites of passage were considered important and essential in earlier human societies since they depended greatly on the maturation of the individual.
Survival needs and shorter lifespans made individual maturation an imperative not an option. The result was that:
- they ensured the survival of the group
- they ensured the individual's survival
- identity was not simply a personal matter
- identity had a reality basis that anchored each individual and the social group in nature
- maturation was a process that helped the group and provided each individual with a way to develop skills and receive validation from the group.
Of course, this is an oversimplification. Many early societies practiced different forms of identity discrimination and other practices that we find inhumane today. Nonetheless, there was still a relationship between reality and identity in earlier human societies that provided a groundedness that we have trouble finding today.
The Evolution Of Societies
It is not the purpose here to romanticize early societies but to notice how disconnected our identities can often be from a sense of reality.
Our modern consumer society ties identity to cultural rather than natural markers. In our zeal to conquer nature we have lost our connection to it and our grounding.
We have also lost our rites of passage and our connection to natural processes.There is no passing of the torch from one generation to the next.
When our connection is to nature, we have an identity formed around something dynamic. Product lifecycles, stock market movement and annual entertainment schedules are not the same things.
Mass culture has a defiant relationship with nature. Since our survival depends on earning a living in the existing system, we will as well.
That means:
- natural cycles are ignored, abandoned, and disrespected. We routinely ignore sleep needs which naturally restore us. Our schedules are determined mostly by work and entertainment schedules.
- health practices which require that we respect nature in order to be healthy are routinely ignored. Our bodies are built to live in tune with the seasons. We are meant to eat differently during each season. In the spring, for instance, the foods that are naturally available then, will help us detox.
- ignoring the deeper processes of human maturation. We have many smart people and successful people. We celebrate them. Do we celebrate mature people? In our youth-oriented culture, not so much.
- ignore needs for serious mastery. Grades may signify a type of progress but development is more than passing though a classroom and performing on a test. As Malcolm Gladwell points out convincingly in his book, The Outliers, it takes 10,000 hours to master anything. Do we provide our young people with a foundation that lets them achieve that?
- ignore self-actualization needs. Are people allowed to form their identities based on their talents and natural relating to the processes of life or do we expect them to have identities that only serve the cultural and economic system? Can we see beyond the existing system to the stewardship needs that we are missing?
The Birth Of Stewardship
Out of necessity, we are beginning to evolve a new human skill: the skill of stewardship. Human society up until now has been very survival oriented. Now we have to change and with it, our notions of identity have to change as well.
What does an identity forged around a groundedness in earth and based on sustainability look like? How do we create identities that have nothing to do with survival when that is what we have known up until now?
What does it do for the interpersonal bridge that is so often broken in human relations when we are in a human culture where we all share the responsibility for sustainability?
Stewardship requires maturity. Can we give up our youth-oriented cultures? Can we recreate deeper human development processes that support mastery and maturity? Can we become long-sighted rather than short-sighted? Can we create cultures of trust?
I do not know the answers, but we will need to find them and I am hoping we will enjoy doing so because they will bring an improved quality of life for many people.


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I've been using denyhosts for a while and I noticed my
/etc/hosts.deny is getting rather large. Denyhosts adds IPs to
/etc/hosts.deny, and my denyhosts is configured to never purge IPs.
$ wc -l /etc/hosts.deny
22149 /etc/hosts.deny
Might this become a problem? I don't really understand how libwrap works. Hopefully it is hashing these entries or something for quick access, but I haven't looked at that code.
I am having some strange networking issues where my SSH connections to a gitosis server are hanging (actually, updates of Symfony2 bundles using
bin/vendors install). I'm not really sure how to debug it, so I'm looking for things that might be going wrong with the box, such as resource shortages.
This is on an Ubuntu 10.04.4 LTS server.


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DRC Testing Information for Faculty
The DRC is available to provide testing accommodations for students with disabilities; however, faculty may accommodate students directly as long as students receive their appropriate accommodations. DRC staff are available to consult with faculty regarding ways to provide accommodations in the classroom; call 805-756-1395 to speak with an access specialist.
For students who cannot be accommodated in class, instructors would provide the DRC with test proctoring information via our online Alternative Testing Agreement, and provide us with the exam by 2 PM the day before the test date. Common testing accommodations include: additional time, an environment with limited distractions, adapted computers, scribe, and read-aloud software.
Faculty Priorities
#1 – Complete the Alternative Testing Agreement
- If a student is eligible for testing accommodations, their instructor will receive an email containing a list of the student's requested accommodations and a link to the Alternative Testing Agreement. (NOTE: If you haven't received an email, please check your SPAM folder.)
- The Alternative Testing Agreement is an online form containing 8 questions for faculty. Your detailed answers to these questions will instruct DRC Testing Services on how you want us to approve and administer exams on your behalf.
- Faculty can fill out the Alternative Testing Agreement via the email link or by logging in to the Faculty Portal for Student Accommodations.
- It's important that faculty complete the Alternative Testing Agreement as soon as possible so the DRC Testing team can process and approve the student's exam request. Please know that the student's exam appointment with the DRC Testing Center cannot be confirmed without completion of the Alternative Testing Agreement by faculty.
- Only one Alternative Testing Agreement needs to be filled out for each lecture section of a course (it will automatically be applied to all DRC students in that section).
- If you need to copy the agreement from one course section to another, you can do so via the Faculty Portal. (NOTE: If you use the Copy feature in the portal, please make sure you adjust exam times and dates for each section.)
#2 – Provide Exam to DRC Testing Services
Faculty can provide their exams to DRC Testing Services in any one of the following ways:
- Preferred option: Upload exam via the Faculty Portal or the link included in the reminder email by 2 PM the business day prior to the exam date. NOTE: If you are unable to upload the exam, please email it to email@example.com by 2 PM the business day prior to exam date. We are phasing email delivery out as an option as uploading is more efficient and provides an immediate confirmation to the instructor. Upload size is 4 MB per file and you can upload multiple files. Uploaded exams are only printed by professional staff.
- Bring the exam to the DRC Testing office by 2 PM the day before the exam date. For drop-offs after 5 PM any other day, you can use our drop box. It's located across the street from our building at the intersection of Cuesta Avenue and South Perimeter. It's a white mailbox, near the stop sign. Pick up times are 7:30 AM and 2:30 PM.
- Give the exam to the student at the beginning of class, in a sealed envelope, to bring to the DRC. NOTE: Professors are responsible for notifying students when and where to pick up the exam. Some instructors choose this option because they prefer that students start the exam with the rest of the class to provide instructions, clarify questions, etc.
Faculty Resources
Faculty Portal for Student Accommodations (how to use/training resources)
The Faculty Portal for Student Accommodations is a "one-stop shop" that allows faculty to do the following:
- Submit, edit, and copy an Alternative Testing Agreement
- See a list of exam requests scheduled by students
- See the status of an exam request (if it was approved by DRC Testing Services or not)
- Securely upload exams
To learn more about how to use the Faculty Portal, check out the following tutorials:
DRC Testing Services (Contact Info & Hours of Operation)
Location: Bldg 124 (Student Services, across from Spanos Stadium)
Testing Coordinator: Amy Gode (805-756-1399; firstname.lastname@example.com)
Phone: 805-756-6087
Fax: 805-756-5451
Email: email@example.com
Test Proctoring Hours: Monday – Thursday 7AM - 9PM, Friday 7AM - 7PM
Testing - Frequently Asked Questions
For additional information regarding test accommodations, please visit Testing Accommodations FAQ
Related Content
Location: Bldg 124 (Student Services, across from Spanos Stadium)
Phone: 805-756-1395
Fax: 805-756-5451
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com


text:
What's the Best Way to Manage Prescription-Drug Benefits?
Two years ago, Express Scripts lost a bidding war against CVS for the big pharmacy-benefits manager Caremark, leaving the company managing far fewer prescriptions than its two big rivals, CVS Caremark and Medco.
Now the company's spending $4.7 billion to buy its way up by acquiring the pharmacy-benefits management business from the health insurer WellPoint. After the acquisition, Express Scripts will be managing about 750 million annual prescriptions, the company said in a statement announcing the deal.
As this morning's WSJ notes, there's been a debate in the field over the best way to manage …


text:
School of Medicine
Showing 1-15 of 15 Results
Michael Jeng
Professor of Pediatrics (Hematology/Oncology) at the Lucile Salter Packard Children's Hospital
Current Research and Scholarly Interests Research interests focus on: 1) histiocytic disorders, such as Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) and hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), and 2) vascular anomalies and malformations.
Susy Jeng
Clinical Associate Professor, Neurology & Neurological Sciences
Bio Dr. Susy Jeng is Clinical Assistant Professor of Neurology at Lucile Packard Children's Hospital at Stanford University. Dr. Jeng received her B.A. at Harvard College and M.D. at the University of California, San Diego. She completed her pediatrics residency at University of California, San Francisco and is board-certified in pediatrics. After practicing general pediatrics for two years, she returned to UCSF for neurology residency. Upon completion of her residencies, she joined the faculty at Stanford as a general child neurologist with a special interest in medical education. In particular, she enjoys serving as a liason between pediatrics residents/general pediatricians and the pediatric neurology division.
Noelle V Johnstone
Adjunct Clinical Instructor, Pediatrics - General Pediatrics
Current Research and Scholarly Interests Pediatric Hospital Medicine, Quality and Safety, Resident and Medical Student Education, Medical Humanities, International Child Health
Neha Shirish Joshi, MD
Clinical Instructor, Pediatrics - Neonatal and Developmental Medicine
Bio As a neonatal hospitalist, I attend high risk deliveries where neonatal resuscitation is potentially anticipated, and care for infants in the newborn (level I) and intermediate intensive care (level II) nurseries. I am interested in high value care for late preterm and term infants, including evaluation and management for infants at risk for early onset sepsis.
Shashank V. Joshi, MD, FAAP, DFAACAP
Professor (Teaching) of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Child Development) and, by courtesy of Pediatrics at the Stanford University Medical Center and, of Education
Current Research and Scholarly Interests Dr. Joshi's teaching and research focuses on increasing knowledge and effectiveness of school mental health, youth wellbeing, positive psychology, pediatric psychotherapy and medication interventions. Areas of study include: the therapeutic alliance in medical care, structured psychotherapy interventions, cultural issues in pediatrics, wellbeing promotion and suicide prevention in schools settings, and faculty development in graduate medical education.


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2016- 2017 has passed by with a flash but not before giving us humans something to think about, be it news, entertainment or technology, both the years have seen mind boggling events both disturbing and positive. However all said and done, it is in the field of science, Astronomy and technology that will make 2017 extremely significant for its insane discoveries many of which we don't even know. Here are ten insane discoveries of 2017.
1. The ship graveyard in the black Sea
An ambitious archaeological Maritime project to map the black sea floor started in 2015 stumbled upon one of the greatest discoveries in modern history in sept 2017. An ancient ship graveyard with vessels dating back to the ancient Roman, byzantine and Greek eras. Till now the design of such ships relied on manuscripts of the era with no significant physical discovery till date. This was by far the most incredible find with 44 vessels some of which were well preserved in the water. Among ships dating back to 800 BC were some Ottoman vessels dating back to the 16th century. The ships chisel marking were all intact.
2. Planet 9
With advancing technology in astronomy possessing the ability to do what man has never been able to do before, scientists finally found proof that a planet does exist lurking just behind Pluto. The planet initially was a hypothetical discovery in 2014 but since then progressing technology has helped scientists conform the possibility of the planet which they named planet 9.Accordig to calculation, the planet is ten times larger than earth and is orbiting around the sun which takes about 10 to 20,000 years.
3. Micro optical glass disc that stores 360 TB data for billions of years
Your present storage devices will ultimately spoil at some time or the other. There are factors called disc rot and data rot. But scientists at university of Southampton have created a superior tiny nanostructured optical glass disc with 360 TB of storage that could save your photographs and other data for 13.8 billion years. It could also withstand temperatures up to 1000 degree centigrade.
4. The walking fish
The walking fish may have first been discovered in 2015 but now marine biologists have observed the climbing Perch as it is called can survive up to 6 days without water and can walk on land. It is an extremely aggressive species that is slowly spreading towards Australia. The fish have even been spotted climbing trees hence its name.
5. The hole in ozone layer is now healing
In case you didn't know, there is actually a hole in the ozone layer above Antarctica that sometimes spreads to 8.9 million square miles. However research scientists from MIT Massachusetts institute of technology led by team leader Susan Solomon found evidence that the ozone hole is finally healing thanks to steps taken to combat global warming. Solomon found that the ozone hole has shrunk by 4 million sq miles and could well be completely healed by 2050.
6. First man to control limbs with his mind
Ian Burkhart from Dublin Ohio lost use of both hands in an accident in 2010. Since then he has been paralyzed in both arms. However in April 2013, he became the first man to be the recipient of amazing new neural engineering technology where a chip implanted in his brain allows him to bypass his nervous system and control the muscles in his limbs with his mental thoughts. The chip has to be connected to a computer and scientists are still working on wireless connectivity and portability. Now Burkhart can play an instrument, eat his own food and also play a video game.
Have you ever experienced that euphoric feeling that is similar to an extremely satisfied tingling that starts from behind your neck and travels down the back of your body and sometime limbs? It happens when you see an extremely satisfied video, or it is triggered by visual stimulation or actions like someone whispering in your ear, or the sound of plastic crinkling. First discussed in 2010, scientists have now reached a consensus in 2016, to name the feeling ASMR or Autonomous, Sensory, meridian Response.
8. New Subatomic particles discovered with more power than a hydrogen bomb
Among mind-blowing discoveries of 2016-17, at the large Hadron Collider in CERN Switzerland, two particle physicists discovered in early November subatomic particles called bottom quarks whose discovery they contemplated to keep a secret because it had explosive potential and energy. They also found that if two quarks were fused together, it would create an explosion that would be 8 times more powerful than the nuclear fission reactions that take place in hydrogen bombs. Quarks are subatomic particles clinging to the protons and neutrons in an atom.


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Spectra Download Spectra Instructions
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Genip Oy is a young and flexible company with a professional and experienced staff. A cornerstone of all our activities is thoroughly knowing and understanding the technology and business of the customer, which creates a solid basis for providing high quality services.


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This module takes the data from your Google Analytics and transforms it into an easy to understand dashboard.
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And since it's my nature to make things all zig-zaggy and as hard to follow as possible, we're back in my office this week, checking in on the make-under progress. I have gotten rid of a LOT of black mesh office supplies… I was just so inspired with the decluttered work space of my fellow purge-er Karen, and so far, considering my chronic pack-rattery, I think I'm doing pretty darn well…except now taking these pictures my board-wall-thing looks totally cluttered and overwhelming so I may have to reconsider that.
Since the mere act of opening my file cabinet can send me into a full-blown panic, I wanted it to at least LOOK cheerful in there. I went for yellow low hanging sorters, and added a little punch with pink tape in my labeler. I also treated myself to a box of recycled [%100 recycled] filing folders, and followedSUPER BETH's recommendation of straight-tab filing. I love how it turned out.
* * *
And now for my simple, totally manageable, and made a huge difference in my office aesthetic DIY. Custom Wall pockets!
Your materials:
Pretty, right?! At least, exactly what I wanted. Non-corporate-looking non-expensive Wall Pockets.
And, as you I'm sure have already realized, my lurky loves, Con-tact paper comes in like TEN BILLION patterns so you can literally customize them to match ANY DECOR. (From heretofore, when I write in all caps, it should be read in Oprah's UGG BOOTS voice.)
Some of my fave options?: Faux Leather, Walnut, Chalkboard, or for a more feminine spin, Water Dance to name a few…because there are many.
So…did you purge? Let's do this:
[So what if I back dated this post to Thursday? I'll do what I want!]
And also? This:


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As your representative, Craig has held over a dozen town-hall meetings, sent out dozens of e-mail newsletters, mailed surveys to my constituents, he actually answers his phone and returns messages (try it! 801-573-1774), and has knocked hundreds of doors getting to know his constituents.
Craig will continue to make sure you are always kept informed about what is happening at the State Capitol!


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Books by Mike Schindler
Perfect for those who are experiencing multiple deployments or for those soon-to-be transitioning into civilian life, Operation Military Family follows several families prior to deployment, during deployment, and through transition. These couples share how they overcame many of the challenges and difficulties faced by today's military families and refute the common belief that military marriages can't survive military life. Their stories and the resources contained within the book will provide you with a road map to begin your own journey toward a strong, successful relationship!
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Navy veteran Mike Schindler, Founder and CEO or Operation Military Family, tells the stories of our returning heroes so that we might gain a true understanding of life for returning vets and their families. While addressing some of the hardships of returning vets, Schindler also reveals another side of America's heroes – the side that celebrates the triumphs and hirable qualities offered by our veterans, including:
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U.S. Veterans in the Workforce sheds light on the American heroes who come home to new heroic endeavors – the ones that make America worth fighting for. ~ SK


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Pork Chops with Mushrooms
Member recipe by mistytwoshoes
ServingsServes 6
Quick and easy to prepare. No more dried out pork chops!
This recipe has been submitted by the Good Food community. Sign in or create a My Good Food account to upload your own recipe creations. Please note that all recipes will be moderated but they are not tested in the Good Food kitchen.
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- 6 large pork chops trimmed of fat
- 15g dried mushrooms (optional)
- 200ml creme fraiche
- 50g butter
- Little olive oil
- 1dsp fresh thyme
- 350g sliced mushrooms
- 1 finely sliced onion
- 2 finely sliced garlic cloves
- 1 1/2tbs plain flour
- Juice of 1 lemon
- Little extra milk if necessary
- Pre heat oven to 180C/fan 160/gas 4. Soak dried mushrooms in a little warm water to cover (if using) for around 30 minutes. Drain and Reserve liquid.
- Line a roasting tin approx 10 inches by `12 inches with enough foil to wrap over later.
- Melt butter and oil and fry chops on both sides until lightly brown. Remove and transfer to foil. Add sliced onions and garlic to pan and fry to soften slightly. Add chopped fresh mushrooms, dried mushrooms (if using) and lemon juice. Fry gently for 2 mins. Add flour but ignore the appearance at this stage! Add creme fraiche and heat through. If it is a little thick add some of the reserved dried mushroom liquer or a little milk to thin. Spoon over chops and add thyme.
- Wrap loosely in foil and bake for 1 hour.


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Breaking news and information!
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10.4185/RLCS-2016-1111en | ISSN 1138 - 5820 | RLCS # 71 | 2016 | |
M Pilgun [CV] [orcid.org/0000-0002-8948-7075]
Iosif M Dzyaloshinsky [CV] [orcid.org: 0000-0001-6000-1337]
Translation into the Inglish by the autor Maria Pilgun (HSE Moscú/Russia)
1. Introduction
The creation of the social identity in all countries is considered as a necessary condition for preserving the state integrity and maintaining the harmony in the society. It is no coincidence that on the level of higher governmental bodies through messages from the President of the Russian Federation to the Federal Meeting, speeches at forums a consolidating notion of the political nation is communicated in the meaning of the co-citizenship, i.e. community of the Russian state citizens. Such interpretation is brought into the discourse through the notions "Russian nation", "single nation of the Russia", "we are the multi-ethnic nation of the Russia".
Besides, the social identity, which may act as a factor for strengthening social bonds and regulating the behavior of an individual, has recently been considered as an important factor for the social development (Tajfel H and Turner JC 1986, Turner JC and Oakes PJ 1986, Turkle S 1995, Salazar JA 2009, Logan et al., 1992, LeBoeufet al., 2010; Turner and Oakes, 1986, Dell P and Marinova D 2007, McCann RM, Kellermann K, Giles H, et al. 2004, Shavitt S and Nelson MR 2000).
The problem of identity is of particular interest in respect to the analysis of the world view and behavior of the contemporary youth. Various social forces nowadays express concern about the problems of formation of identity in a young person, his/her ideals and values. This concern is stipulated both by global processes of transition from the industrial society to the information and intensifying processes of search of the regional identity.
The self-consciousness of any society begins from the history. Its symbolically significant events create the notional basis of the national and civil identity. At the same time the historical consciousness is exposed to the influence of both the realities of everyday life and images presented in the literature, art and mass media (Ricoeur, 2004, Gudkov, 2004, Strauss W and Howe N (1991)). It is evident that historical events, as a rule, are not the subject of large interest of the modern youth, however, it is rather difficult not to pay attention to the events discussed actively in the Internet. (Derks D, Bos AER and von Grumbkow J 2007, Goffman E 1959, Hebdige D 1981, Huffaker DA and Calvert SL 2005, Kafai YB, Fields DA and Cook MS (2010, Koda T, Ishida T, Rehm M, et al. (2006, Le Boeuf RA, Shafir E and Bayuk JB 2010, Leung LW 2010, Morand DA and Ocker RJ 2003, Pearce C 2009, Prensky M 2001).
The 20th century is very rich in the events being significant for the history of Russia. The list of such events, drawn by historians, comprises several thousands of facts. It is clear that the list of historians and the list of events, stored in the memory of our contemporaries, must differ. However, it is important not only that these differences are stated but also a logic is seen of singling out the event-related complexes by ordinary citizens being so vital for them in order to be stored by them in the operative memory. The exposure, analysis and systematization of the dates and events vital in the context of the Russian-wide identity play an important role for apprehending the problems of formation and development of the Russian youth identity.
2. Object and objectives of the study
The historical memory of the Russian youth is a subject of research in this work. The topic of research are the processes of the temporal self-identification of youth in the conditions of the large-scale usage of mass media by the Russian elites in order to expand the militaristic-isolationist ideology.
With a view to the peculiarities of the subject and topic of the research the research questionwas framed: what are the patterns of the past in the consciousness of the Russian youth in the situation of massive usage of mass media by the Russian elites in order to expand the militaristic-isolationist ideology?
General tasks of the research:
The works, dedicated to the development of Russia as a social and historic organism, will be attributed to the first one. Those are, mainly, the publications by A.S. Akhiezer, V.K. Kantor, V.A. Krasilshchikov, V.O. Kliuchevskiy, P.N. Miliukov, A.V. Obolonskiy, R. Pipes. In the works of these authors the specific nature of admitting our country to the civilization is analyzed, Russia and the West are compared as cultural and historic types, establishment and struggle of the main types of social thinking and social ethics in the Russian society are discussed.
The important aspects of the topic are revealed in the historic and pedagogical investigations allowing to have a look at the upbringing process from the point of view of the historical succession. The publications of the following authors will be attributed to this group of works: N.I. Barkova, V.P. Bezdukhov, Ye.P. Belozertsev, V.I. Beliayev, V.I. Blinov, A.P. Bulkin, M.V. Boguslavskiy, P.A. Gagaev, V.I. Dodonov, V.M. Klarin, G.B. Kornetov, N.V. Kudriavaya, S.V. Kulikova, P.A. Lebedev, A.Ye. Likhachev, S.A. Miniukova, A.A. Nikolskaya, V.M. Petrov, Z.I. Ravkin, I.N. Sizemskaya, M.Ye. Steklov, N.I. Yudashina, N.P. Yudina, N.D. Yarmachenko and others. The research works of V.I. Dodonov, V.M. Klarin and V.M. Petrov are written in the same vein. The interpretation of the ideals and values in the system of formation of the young man's personality is illustrated in them.
The conceptualization of approaches, related to the issue of formation of the historical consciousness of the young man, can be found in the works by V.G. Bezrogov, B.M. Bim-Bad, M.V. Boguslavskiy, E.D. Dneprov, G.B. Kornetov, L.V. Moshkova, M.V. Savin, Z.I. Ravkin and other authors.
Besides, in the framework of this work we rely on the methodological apparatus offered by Z.D. Popova and I.A. Sternin, which is briefly characterized by the following provisions:
The main methods for obtaining the empirical material included mass questionnaire survey and focus-grouped interview. When questioned the respondents, not recoursing to any additional materials and hints, who had to name 10 the most important events, which, to their point of view, hit Russia in the 20th century.
The questioning was held in 12 cities representing all federal districts of Russia except the Crimea. The federal district of the Crimea was not included into the number of territories to conduct the examination, since the young men in that region had studied on different educational programs, stayed in a different media field until recently, that's why their answers on the questionnaire at that stage cannot be acknowledged as representative for analyzing the attitude of the Russian youth to the events of the 20th century.
All in all 1548 people were interviewed. General characteristics of the respondents are presented in Table 1.
Table 1. General characteristics of the respondents (% to the number of respondents)
4. Results
Characterizing the obtained results, first of all, it should be mentioned that in the whole for the massive the respondents distinguished 146 events in the national history of the 20th century. From further analysis the following events were excluded: the events taken less than 1% from the total number of events mentioned by all respondents (9.5% of all respondents); and the events mentioned by the respondents which have nothing to do with the 20th century (the Christianization of Rus, the Mongolo-Tatar Yoke, the abolition of serfhood, annexation of the Crimea, economic crisis 2008-2010, etc.). Therefore, for the further analysis 29 events were chosen (Table 2).
Table 2. Events taken more than 1% (inclusively) from the total number of the events named by respondents
However, if emphasizing on the events, which were recollected by the largest number of survey respondents, the top ten will be as follows: Great Patriotic War (9.1% from the total number of the events named by respondents); October Revolution (8.8%), USSR breakup (8.7%); space flight by Yu. Gagarin (8.1%); WWI (7.0%); WWII (4.1%); Cold War (4.0%); Perestroika (Rebuilding era) (3.7%); creation of atomic/nuclear weapon (3.2%); explosion at Chernobyl NPS (3.1%).
The second ten events included such events as Civil war (3.0%); Stalin's repressions (2.9%); USSR formation (2.7%); February Revolution (2.6%); default 1998 (2.5%); military invasion to Afghanistan (2.4%); Olympic Games 1980 (2.3%); Stalin's death (2.1%); Russo-Japanese War (2.1%); assassination of the Monarch's family (2.1%).
Some more events scored from 2 to 1 percent: Statement of B.N. Yeltsin about early resignation from the Presidency of the Russian Federation/rising to power of Putin (2.0%); Bourgeois Revolution 1905-1907 (1.8%); First Chechen War (1.7%); condemnation of the personality cult at the 20th Congress of CPSU (1.50%); Lenin's death (1.4%); Caribbean Crisis (1.2%).
Thinking over the reasons, which stimulated fixation of these or those events in the memory of the survey respondents, it can be stated that in the apparent chaotic nature of the distinguished events a rather clear regularity is traced: in the historical memory of the young contemporaries those facts got fixed which related either to a substantial quantity of involved people or to the scope of consequences for destabilization of the social system. The destabilization means not only destructive processes (though the majority of the distinguished events are just of such nature) but also the events which stimulate social development but in the form of a sharp overturn. The space flight by Yuriy Gagarin, the condemnation of the personality cult at the 20th Congress of CPSU and some other historical facts are just of that nature. Sometimes both factors are combined into one unit.
Having a look at the top ten events, distinguished by the survey respondents, taking into account the breakdown of the points of view of representatives of the various gender, age groups, respondents possessing different level of education, employed in different areas of activities, residing in different cities and using the Internet with the different intensity, the following conclusions can be made.
First of all, conspicuous is the fact that women oftener than men mentioned the first human space flight, WWII, creation of atomic/nuclear weapon. And men oftener than women recollected the following events: WWI, Cold War and Chernobyl disaster (Table 3).
Table 3. Ratio of males and females who included this event into the top ten events, which hit Russia in the 20th century (percentage from the total number of the events named by respondents)
Concerning the age groups, the October Revolution was recollected, mainly, by the youngest survey respondents at the age of 16-20. The WWI was included into the list of significant events by more respondents from the elder age group – 26-30 year-old people. The Perestroika (rebuilding era) as an event which hit Russia was mentioned almost twice as less by 16-20 year-old respondents (Table 4).
Table 4. Number of respondents of different age who included this event into the top ten events, which hit Russia in the 20th century (percentage from the total number of the events named by respondents)
If having a look at the top ten events being important for Russia from the point of view of the respondents with a different level of education, it is evident that the October Revolution was mostly included into the list of significant events by pupils and people possessing the higher education. For example, the rebuilding era and creation of atomic weapon were mentioned by some bigger number of students from higher institutions (Table 5).
Table 5. Number of respondents with different level of education who included this event into the top ten events, which hit Russia in the 20th century (percentage from the total number of the events named by respondents)
Very interesting data can be taken from the difference of events included into the list of important by the respondents employed in different areas of activities (Table 6). The Great Patriotic War was the most often mentioned by the survey respondents, who neither study nor work (hence, it can be supposed, they spend more time in contact with various media resources, which in the year of the 70th anniversary of the Victory rather much attention gave to such historic event). The second place is taken by the education system employees, which can be explained, too. The October Revolution is less acknowledged as an important event by the service sector employees and unemployed participants of the survey. However, the first human space flight was mentioned by the service sector employees rather oftener than the others. It is interesting that the respondents employed in the education system rarely if ever included WWII into the list of important events (if comparing this figure with the corresponding index by the "Great Patriotic War" event, with a high share of assurance it can be explained by the fact that the teachers combine these two events).
The respondents, using the Internet on a daily basis and surfing there for 4-6 hours per day, included the "Great Patriotic War" event into the list oftener than all others. The October Revolution was mentioned the most often by the survey participants using the Internet once in two-three days but surfing in it from 7 to 10 hours per day. The USSR breakup as an important event was mentioned particularly often by the respondents using the Internet every day. WWI and the explosion at Chernobyl NPS were recollected practically twice more by those respondents who surf in the Internet once in two-three days. The explosion at Chernobyl NPS was practically omitted by the respondents staying in the Internet 7-9 hours per day.
Table 6. Number of respondents employed in different areas of activities who included this event into the top ten events, which hit Russia in the 20th century (percentage from the total number of the events)
The interesting data were obtained when comparing answers of the respondents using the Internet with various frequency (Table 7) and surfing in the Internet different amount of time (Table 8).
Table 7. Number of respondents with different frequency of using the Internet who included this event into the top ten events, which hit Russia in the 20th century (percentage from the total number of the events named by respondents)
Table 8. Number of respondents staying in the Internet different amount of time who included this event into the top ten events, which hit Russia in the 20th century (percentage from the total number of the events named by respondents)
If looking at the list of events of the 20th century significant for the Russian history from the point of view of the cities, where the survey participants reside (Table 9), the following data are worth noticing.
The Great Patriotic War more often entered the lists of respondents who reside in St. Petersburg, Rostov-on-Don and Yekaterinburg (by the way, the citizens of Rostov and Yekaterinburg mentioned WWII the least among other cities). The October Revolution 1917 was mentioned most often by the citizens of Yekaterinburg, Khabarovsk, Piatigorsk and Moscow. The USSR breakup as an important event was recollected the rarest in Novosibirsk. WWI entered the list of important events the rarest in Khabarovsk, St. Petersburg and Yekaterinburg. The Cold War was not recollected at all by the survey participants from Nizhniy Novgorod, the space flight by Yuriy Gagarin – in Volgograd, and the rebuilding era – in Piatigorsk. The most memorable event turned to be the rebuilding era for the respondents from St. Petersburg.
Table 9. Number of respondents from different cities who included this event into the top ten events, which hit Russia in the 20th century (percentage from the total number of the events named by respondents)
Continue of Table 9
The next task, the survey participants had to do, was the necessity to grade those ten events, which were considered the most significant for Russia in the 20th century. And the most significant event, from the point of view of the respondents, had to be attributed the 1st rating, and the least significant in the list – the 10th rating. The summarized results of rating are presented in Table 10.
Table 10. Average ratings of importance of the events on all respondents
If having a look at the top ten of the most significant events, from the point of view of the survey participants, of the 20th century from the point of view of some objectively personal characteristics of theirs (Table 11 – 14), the following data are worth noticing (just to remind: the lower the rating, the higher the event significance).
The men appraised higher than the women the significance of such events as the Great Patriotic War, WWI and the assassination of the Monarch's family.
The respondents of 26-30 years old tend to give less importance than the respondents of other age groups to such events as the USSR formation, Revolution 1905-1907; and the participants from the average age group gave lower ratings to such events as WWI and February Revolution. The 16-20 years-old respondents evaluated the "assassination of the Monarch's family" event lower than the respondents from other age groups.
The survey participants possessing the higher education gave less importance to the "USSR formation" event. The "assassination of the Monarch's family" event turned to be more significant for the respondents with the secondary-level education.
Concerning the interrelation of significance of the events, acknowledged by the respondents, depending on the duration of their surfing in the Internet, no particularly clear dependencies were found. Nevertheless, it is worth mentioning that the survey participants, surfing in the Internet for more than 10 hours per day, tend to evaluate higher the significance of such events as the USSR formation and the Revolution 1905-1907 and lower the "WWI" event. On the contrary, the respondents, surfing in the Internet for 4-6 hours, consider the "USSR formation" event less important and the "WWI" event as more important.
Table 11. Average ratings of importance of the top ten events by the gender property of respondents
Table 12. Average ratings of importance of the top ten events by the age groups of respondents
Table 13. Average ratings of importance of the top ten events depending on the education of respondents
Table 14. Average ratings of importance of the top ten events depending on the amount of time of respondents staying in the Internet per day
Table 15 provides the comparison of the top ten events from the list, which were placed as important for Russia in the 20th century, and the top ten events, which were named by the respondents as the most significant for the same period of time in the Russian history.
Table 15. Comparative analysis of the top ten events included by respondents into the list of important events for Russia, and estimated by them as significant
As it can be noticed in Table 15, the list of top ten events, which are taken from the "historical memory" of the respondents, does not quite coincide with the list of events, which are attributed the high level of importance by the respondents, and the order of taking the events from the "individual historical memory" does not correspond to the reasonable result of thoughts concerning the actual significance of this or that event for the country. The exclusion comprised only two events: the Great Patriotic War and the October Revolution. Hence, in can be preliminary concluded that the "directed" picture of importance of the events, created by the efforts of professionals in the educational and media spheres, is far away from the personal evaluation of importance of the events, which took place in Russia in the 20th century, made by young men.
The averaged data provided above give general idea about the fact what kind of events and to what extent were acknowledged as significant by all respondents. However, the data about the quantity of respondents, who attributed a certain rating to this or that event, are still of scientific importance. Table 16 provides statistical data, representing cluster distributions, "concentrations" of opinions of the respondents about the significance of events which are in the top ten of the most significant events for Russia in the 20th century. These data allow defining the events by the degree of importance of which the level of consent of the respondents is high, and the events which significance is acknowledged by fewer respondents.
Thus, for example, the "concentration" on the first rank place of the "Great Patriotic War" event is evident. The "October Revolution" event was placed by the majority of the respondents to the second rank place; however, still many respondents did not consider this event as particularly significant having attributed to it the 7th, 8th and even 10th rank places. The "WWII" event scored the least number of votes, but still took firmly the 3rd rank place. Though it is interesting that the same number of respondents placed this event to the 5th and 8th places as well as to the 6th, 7th and 10th places. A very interesting picture is given by the clusters of the "USSR breakup" event: the degree of its importance concentrated on the 3rd and 4th rank places, which allowed it to be in the top ten significant events, but having taken only the 6th place. Almost the same situation goes to the "WWI" event. The situation with the "USSR formation" event, which did not enter the top ten important events, but turned to be on the 5th place by its significance, is even more interesting, for this event was chosen not by many respondents, but those who did it, gave to it a high rank place. By the way, this event was included into the list of important by the same number of the survey participants as recollected about the "Civil War" event, however, the degree of importance of the latter turned to be rather lower.
Table 16. Number of respondents positioned the event on the corresponding rank place (for the whole of the massive)
And it is worth mentioning the difference, which was noted in relation to the assessment of significance of these or those events, given by the men and women; representatives from different age groups; school pupils and higher institution students as well as survey participants surfing in the Internet different amount of time. (The discrepancies in the rest of groups of respondents were statistically negligent).
Thus, for example, the "Great Patriotic War" event was placed to the first place by 42% of men and 38% of women. Concerning the "WWII" event another ratio was recorded: 12% of women and 8% of men. The "October Revolution" event was placed to the first place by 18% of women and 12% of men. It is interesting to mention that the "WWI" event was attributed the highest degree of significance by 8% of men (the same number was given to WWII) and only by 2% of women. Concerning other events, included into the top ten by the degree of their significance, no substantial differences are observed in the evaluation by men and women.
Concerning the age groups, 37% of survey participants at the age from 16 to 20 considered the Great Patriotic War as the most significant event for Russia in the 20th century. The elder respondents – 21-25 years old turned to be 45%, and the respondents at the age of 26-30, who placed this event to the first place, were even more – 54%. The October Revolution was placed to the first place by 21% representatives from the first and second age groups; and 17% turned to be in the eldest group. WWII was admitted as the most significant event of the 20th century by 11% of the respondents at the age of 16-20; 9% at the age of 21-25 and 12% of the survey participants were from the age group of 26-30.
Practically the equal number of higher institution students and school pupils gave the first place to three leaders among the events which hit Russia in the 20th century: the October Revolution (10% и 12%, accordingly), WWII (18% and 16%) and the Great Patriotic War (47% and 51%).
The majority of the survey participants, as shown above, practically every day spend some time in the Internet. That's why it is interesting to understand whether there is any dependency between the amount of time, during which the respondents surf in the Internet (including obtaining the information there and discussing various events). It is evident that historical events, as a rule, are not the subject of large interest of the modern youth, however, it is rather difficult not to pay attention to the events discussed actively in the Internet.
Thus, the first place was given to the "Great Patriotic War" event by 47% of the survey participants, surfing in the Internet from 1 to 3 hours per day; 50% of those who stay in the network 4-6 hours; 33% of the respondents who use the Internet 10 and more hours per day; 27% of the respondents surfing in the Internet from 7 to 9 hours. The "WWII" event was given the first place by its significance by 14% of those who use the Internet 1-3 hours and more than 10 hours; 20% of those who stay in the network 4-6 hours; 27% – 7-9 hours. The "October Revolution" event is considered to be the most significant by 20% of the respondents, surfing in the Internet from 7 to 9 hours; the representatives from other groups by such feature practically do not differ from each other when determining the paramount importance of this event: those are from 7% to 9%.
5. Discussion and conclusions
The conducted research provides the basis for stating some issues requiring to be deeply analyzed.
The first one is: understanding the role of the historical memory and its bearers for the formation of the national, ethical, civil identity. The ideas about the past, circulating in the society,[2] take the strategic point in the structure of identity. The patterns of the past take part in structuring and understanding, constant interpreting the current events contributing to the person's orientation in our world.
Since endorsement of the identity requires the sense of continuity of the history, therefore the functional meaning of any memory lays in the fact that it, uniting the past and the present, helps a person to preserve his/her identity in time, helps to acquire a new identity in the changing time. The community, adapting new notions and ideas, must from time to time reinterpret the past, so that the novelty effect would be lost and the new would become the continuation of the historical tradition. That's why the past in the collective memory undergoes constant reorganization. In this picture of the past there should be no great changes and breaks, so that the group would be able to recognize itself in it at any historical stage. The memory of the past, expressed in the culture, is often organized on a high level and is strategically important. So-called loci of memory, among them such cultural facilities as museums, exhibitions, theaters, archaeological areas, ethnographic peculiarities, folklore, applied art centers, are destined to preserve such memory.
The current activity of the historical memory is conditioned, apart from everything, by the necessity of the Russians to comprehend the present place of the country in the history and in the world. The necessity in comprehending the present time induces a commitment to produce a certain attitude towards the previous eras, attempts in their evaluation and revaluation. In other words, in the society there is a constant active mental work going on, the historic myth of the recent past is created [3]. At that, the important role is allocated to the succession of the present Russia towards the achievements and ideals of the Soviet Russia, which is impossible without the evaluation, rethinking of the events of the 20th century.
In other words, the memory is understood not like a sum of memoirs of separate people, but like a collective cultural product, developing under the influence of the family, religion and social group through language structures, everyday life practices and social institutes.
In the work named "History, memory, national identity" [4] Professor of the National Research University - Higher School of Economics Yu.P. Zaretskiy points out, that "the pattern itself of the past in the historiography cannot be "objective" in principle". It is either its "reconstruction" (at its best), or just a "construction" has almost nothing to do with the "real" past. And it is acknowledged, that in both cases this pattern, first of all, directly depends on the power relations in the society and, secondly, is a subject for manipulations of powers aiming to achieve these or those political results in the present" [5].
Another source, related to the social and collective memory, is a work by Ricoeur P. Memory. History. Forgetting, in which the author describes the memory as an activity, work. According to the point of view of the author the work of the memory is made both inside and outside an individual consciousness not only on the level of a separate person but also on the level of the society. The society itself experiences a particular "historical condition" – the situation of breaking from the past, which should be restored not through the live memory, but through the historical reconstruction [6].
The hardships, experienced at the present time by the national memory, are provoked not only by the external rush of globalized tendencies of the world development from the part. The problem is still in the fact, that many events seemed to be important historical landmarks, turned to be blemished by facts that should be understood in a new way. In this regard a mass of questions arise: about the role of the Varangians in the Russian history, shared history with Ukraine and Belorussia, about the Strife, the role of Ivan the Terrible and Peter the First, fall of the monarchy, the Stalin's epoch, war, stagnation, breakup of the USSR and the 90ies, including "the shocking therapy" and privatization.
It is well known that the soviet ideological system formed a rigid model of greatness of the soviet state, which was at constant opposition to the hostile world. The traces of such processing of the collective consciousness are still evident. According to the data of the Russian Public Opinion Research Center (VTsIOM), the Russians, still nowadays, in the 21st century, gladly discuss the greatness of the Russian nation, its accomplishments, the height of the moral, culture, advantages of the national psychology, traditions and customs. At the same time Russians draw parallels with the citizens from other countries, first of all, western states, but admiring their own national traits. And the main idea, which Russians lay in their reasons, is that the Russian nation has to take back its place in the country and in the world.
Hence, according to the public opinion survey, in 2005 the main differences of the Russian national character from the qualities of the western people, according to the Russian citizens, were sincerity, kindness, warm-heartedness, nobility, reliability, hospitality and mutual assistance as opposed to greed, selfishness, craft, shrewdness and arrogance of the citizens from western countries. At that, 42% of the respondents were not able to name at least one positive feature attributable to the contemporary western people. At the same time among their own negative traits the Russians named alcohol addiction, laziness, lack of initiative, forgiveness, obedience and excessive simplicity. [7]
However, recently the Russians have increasingly assigned their country to the great states, having changed the criteria for entering this list of "the best". According to the survey in July 2013, the main basis for such qualification now is the national history. This is it which provokes the greatest pride of the Russians: 85% admitted that they are proud of that, and only 11% said that they are not. The second place among the reasons for pride is taken by the Russian sport and sportsmen (77% to 18%, accordingly), the third place – the great cultural heritage and art (75% to 19%, accordingly). And only the army and military might (63% of the respondents are proud of those, 28% are not) come after that (History, sports, science: What are the Russians proud of? July 29, 2013).
At the same time it should be stated that, despite growing pessimism concerning approaching of Russia and western countries, comparison with them, meaning that the orientation towards them is still one of the main components of the Russian national identification. The most precious and significant for the contemporary Russians are the experience and achievements of Germany (12%), USA and Switzerland (4% each), Great Britain, China, Sweden (3% each), Japan and France (2% each), other European countries (1% each). The respondents named those countries in 2012 among those which, according to their opinion, Russia should resemble (What expects Russia in 2020, June 09, 2012).
The mythology of history as a factor of identity formation should be singled out as the second problem. Referring to the works of many contemporary authors (Geary P.J. The Myth of Nations: The Medieval Origins of Europe. Princeton, 2002), Yu.P. Zaretskiy proves conclusively that the ethnic and national identity of millions of people is based on illusions and myths. It can be a ethnogenetic myth - the myth about common ancestry (common ancestor), the idea about a peculiar territory admitted as the "historical homeland" and the common group past (unimportant whether real or assumed), making the realizable commonness of individuals (alive and fallen into oblivion). In the framework of the integral historical and mythological canvas the myths about the origin, place of habitation and settlement, about common ancestors, cultural heroes, famous leaders and wise rulers of the ancient time, about "fateful" events of the common past depicted in the "dimly remembered world" and systematically reproduced in rituals, symbols and texts appear as a foundation of any ethnocentric (ethnoterritorial, ethnocultural, ethnoconfessional) identification.
And it may go not only about the reproduction or reattribution of old myths but also about the delivery of new ethnocentric myths aimed at clear outlining the borders of the "own" community having detached it from a wider territorial and political formation or having united several such formations, for which reason it is apparently necessary to remember different levels of the self-identification and various dimensions (synchronous and diachronous) of both individual and collective (social, ethnic, national, etc.) identity.
The socially built historical myths, ideas about the past perceived as authentic "recollections" (as "history") and building up a significant part of such world map, play an important role in the orientation, self-identification and behavior of the individual, in the formation and support of the collective identity and translation of ethical values.
In this regard a necessity arises to analyze the formation of separate historical myths, their certain functions, environment of their existence, marginalization or reactualization in the historical ordinary consciousness, their utilization and ideological revaluation, including in the interchanging or competing narratives of the national history (since all nations take themselves in terms of the historical experience rooted in the past). The constant selection of events takes place in the network of interactive communications, so that some of them are subjected to oblivion, where the others are preserved, overgrown with senses and transformed into the symbols of group identity. The process of reinterpretation of the past is going on, which products are new myths. The research of the mythological component of the modern historical consciousness as well as the possibilities of conscious construction/deconstruction of the historical memory is of peculiar interest.
The nature and peculiarities of the Russian (rus) national identity over a period of several centuries are one of the mythology-driven and ideology-driven topics. For several years this issue was mostly discussed almost by such authors as "slavophils" searching for an explanation of the Russian distinctness in "blood", "soil" and in the orthodox roots of the Russian culture; and by westerners, on the contrary, insisting on the one-sidedness and incompleteness of modernization processes in Russia. Such discourses originate from the times of the Russian Empire, in the beginning of the 19th century, and the war with Napoleon, which had had great influence on the Russian educated community made it think in the conceptual dimensions different from the previous ones, became a stimulus for them. The Patriotic War became a part of the national mythology - a special example of the opposition between Russia and Europe. At the same time another myth "emerged" about the fact that Russia had always played a role of the "historical shield", having protected nowadays developing civilized Europe against the Mongolo-Tatar horde at the cost of tremendous sacrifices. In this regard the Russian elite started considering not the representation of social groups and their interests as the main task of the national policy, but the preservation and strengthening of the might and weight of the whole state, enlargement of its sphere of influence and scales. Therefore, according to the words of the sociologist Lev Gudkov, the discussion of national problems has inevitably taken the "form of constructing limit total values", in other words, "ambivalent utopia" of the "West" stood against the mythology of organic and vital "Russia". (Gudkov, 2004, 816 ).
At that during the pre-revolutionary times the main contradiction of the "West" as a part of the national identification in Russia concluded in the fact that, on the one hand, it represented the tempting material welfare, abundance in the technical and military progress, and, on the other hand, it was a threat for Russia to lose its traditions and to get its isolationism demolished. That was the reason why the "invasion" in the Russian consciousness of "diverse" ideas was treated as an attempt to destroy the values already set in the state.
Therefore, the national origin in the Russian Empire was represented as ethnoconfessional commonness of the lieges of the great state, who identified themselves as respectable figures of czars, commanders, great scientists and writers obligatory opposed to the European ones. In other words, these personalities were notional not by themselves, but only as an illustration of self-sustainability of Russia. Together with that the national culture was acknowledged not like the aggregate of available achievements, but like the foundation for future might of the state, the guarantee of future recognition by other countries.
Nowadays these ideas are gradually broken down, however, their place is taken not by rational thinking concerning the peculiarities of the national history but by new myths. The article of the political expert S. Makedonov, published in the Izvestia issue dated January 11, 2006, presents the analysis of mythologems of the nostalgia towards the past in the context of searching for the national identification:
"The first one is the pattern of the Soviet Union with which its founders associate the existence of the "golden age". For them the modern Russia is not more than just a stump of the USSR.
"The second one is the myth about the Russian Empire, where its founders offer to "reinstate the historical "succession".
"The third one is the myth of "revival", finding "roots", "going back to the origins". It has been praised and is praised by the figures of ethnonationalistic movements in the republics being a part of Russia and various regional trends (for example, the cossacks).
It is interesting to know that the founders of all three myths rather often condemn each other, but all their slogans at external distinction are profoundly close" ( Makedonov , 2006, 2).
The society in Russia, being still greatly perplexed after the break down of the Soviet Union, faces the crisis of identity. To exit from such crisis, it is required to stop looking for the past in every new phenomenon, stop sacralizing this past and to pose oneself in the conditions of the "blank sheet". And, certainly, one should think about the following:
6. Notes
[1] Z.D. Popov, I.A. Sternin Semantic-cognitive analysis of the language. Voronezh: "Istoki, 2007. – 15 pages.
[2] Usually, for the designation of these representations the following notions are used: "historical memory", "social memory", "public memory", "collective memory", etc. In this work all these notions will be used as synonyms.
[3] Ye.S. Petrenko Events of the end of the 20th century in the memory of Russians. In the book: ХIV April International Academic Conference on Economic and Social Development. M.: 2014. 203 pages.
[4] Yu.P. Zaretskiy History, memory, national identity. URL: http://magazines.russ.ru/nz/2008/3/za4.html
[5] Yu.P. Zaretskiy History, memory, national identity. URL: http://magazines.russ.ru/nz/2008/3/za4.html
[6] Ricoeur P. Memory, History, Forgetting / P. Ricoeur, University of Chicago Press, 2004. – 624 p.
[7] Russian and western people: proximity and contrast of two national tempers in assessments by Russians // "Omnibus VTsIOM". – August 22, 2005. – press publication No. 274. URL: http://wciom.ru/index.php?id=459&uid=1634.
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8. Attachements
General characteristics of the respondents (% of respondents))
How to cite this article in bibliographies / References
M Pilgun, IM Dzyaloshinsky (2016): "Phantoms of the historical memory: social identity of the Russian youth". Revista Latina de Comunicación Social, 71, pp. 592 to 615.
Article received on 25 April 2016. Accepted on 10 June.


text:
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