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|==== Stafford Beer (1926-2002) ====
|* contributed by Markus Schwaninger, October 2004
|Professor Stafford Beer, the founder of managerial cybernetics, is one of the pioneers and foremost thinkers of the systems approach in general, and management science in particular.
|He held managerial positions at every level - including those of Production Controller, Director of Management Science, Director of Development, Managing Director, Company President, and Chairman of the Board, in various companies. He founded Team Syntegrity Inc. (Canada) and he was an international consultant. He worked at the governmental level in twenty-five countries, and for many international agencies.
|Stafford Beer was a visiting professor in approximately 30 universities in Britain, Europe and North America, including Manchester (where he lectured for 24 years) and Durham Business Schools, the Open University, the Wharton School in the University of Pennsylvania, University College Swansea, The University of Stockholm and the University of Toronto. Liverpool John Moores University nominated him life Honorary Professor of Organizational Transformation. He held a Master of Business Administration (University of Manchester) and a Dr. of Science (University of Sunderland). For his pathbreaking achievements, honorary doctorates were awarded to him by Concordia University, Montreal, the University of St. Gallen, Switzerland, the University of Valladolid, Spain, and the University of Glamorgan, Wales, U.K. (Doctor of Letters).
|Beer was President of the Operational Research Society, and of the International Society for Social Systems Sciences. He received the Mc Culloch Award of the American Society for Cybernetics, of which he also became a Trustee. He also was awarded the Lanchester Prize of the Operations Research Society of America, for the outstanding contribution to the literature of management science in the world (//Decision and Control//, Wiley, 1966), as the first non-American. Furthermore, Stafford Beer held the Silver Medal of the Royal Swedish Academy for Engineering Sciences, the Gold Medal of the United Kingdom Systems Society, and the Freedom of the City of London. He was President of the World Organization of Systems and Cybernetics, of which he held the Norbert Wiener Gold Medal.
|As an adolescent, Beer fought a conflict between his aims of becoming a philosopher or a mathematician, until, at the age of 18, he suddenly had the insight that both aims were about the same thing. With his books //Cybernetics and Management// (London: English Universities Press, 1959) and //Decision and Control// (Chichester: Wiley, 1965) he laid the foundation for Management Cybernetics thereby building on earlier works of Ross Ashby, Warren Mc Culloch, Norbert Wiener, and Heinz von Foerster.
|Beer's work offers concepts and tools for dealing with high complexity, an ubiquitous issue in organizational life. A set-theoretic model, in which he defined the organizational prerequisites for the viability of systems, was later operationalized in a topological model, known as the VSM -- Viable Systems Model (Beer, S.: //Heart of Enterprise//, Wiley, 1979; //Brain of the Firm//, 2nd ed., Wiley, 1981; //Diagnosing the System for Organizations//, Wiley, 1985). In this model, a set of functions is distinguished, which provide the 'necessary and sufficient conditions' (Beer, passim) for the viability of any human or social system.
|These functions and their interrelationships are specified in a comprehensive theory, the propositions of which can be summarized as follows:
|- An enterprise is viable if and only if it disposes of a set of management functions with a specific set of the interrelationships, identified and formalized in the model:\\ \\ - System 1: Regulatory capacity of the basic units, autonomous adaptation to their environment, optimization of ongoing activities\\ \\ - System 2: Attenuation and amplification to damp oscillations and coordinate activities via information and communication\\ \\ - System 3: Establishing overall optimum among basic units, resource allocation, providing for synergies\\ \\ - System 3*: Investigation and validation of information flowing between Systems 1-3 and 1-2-3 via auditing/ monitoring activities\\ \\ - System 4: Dealing with long term and overall outside environment, diagnosis and modeling of the organization in its environment\\ \\ - System 5: Balance the interaction of �3� and �4�, embodiment of supreme values, rules and norms, - the ethos of the system.
|- Any deficiencies in this system, such as missing functions, insufficient capacity of the functions or faulty interaction between them impair or endanger the viability of the organization.
|- The viability, cohesion and self-organization of an enterprise depend upon these functions being recursively present at all levels of the organization. A recursive structure comprises autonomous units within autonomous units. Moreover, a viable organization is made up of viable units and it is itself embedded in more comprehensive viable units. Each unit, inasmuch as it is producing the organization's task, rather than servicing or supporting this producing, replicates - in structural terms - the totality in which it is embedded: It has all the functions outlined under (1.), to be able to manage, from start to finish, the processes for the purpose of which it exists. If we take such a viable organization as a 'system-in-focus', depending on the perspective adopted, it �may have more than one next higher and next lower recursion� (Beer, Diagnosing, 6; for a pertinent application, see Allenna Leonard's paper on commercial broadcasting, in: Espejo/Harnden, eds., The Viable System Model).
|The VSM has been transduced into the language of business and also been widely applied, as documented in several books (e.g. Espejo, R./Harnden, R., eds.: //The Viable System Model//, Wiley, 1989; Espejo, R./Schwaninger, M., eds: //Organisational Fitness//, Frankfurt/New York: Campus, 1996; Espejo, R./Schuhmann, W./Schwaninger, M.: //Corporate Transformation and Learning//, Wiley, 1996).
|In the nineteen-nineties, Stafford Beer completed a new model for the design of communication processes, and management processes in particular - the Team Syntegrity Model. This is complementary to the Viable System Model, and meant to be a concrete approach to the design of the System 3 - System 4 relationship (Beer, S.: //Beyond Dispute//, Wiley, 1994). Moreover, it is a model for democratic management.
|Team Syntegrity builds on Buckminster Fuller's proposition, that all systems are polyhedra. Beer proposes a formal model for an infoset to deal with complex challenges or problems, establishing a protocol based on the structure of polyhedra, the icosahedron (convex polyhedron of 30 edges, 20 triangles and 12 vertices), in particular.
|An infoset is a set of people who have a common concern, are in possession of pertinent knowledge connected with the subject, and are motivated to tackle the shared issue. Thirty members of the infoset work on the issue, embodying the edges of the icosahedron, each person being a member of two teams of five, represented by the vertices. Each member of the infoset is also a critic to two other teams, and also an observer of all the teams of which he or she is not a member.
|The protocol, which is also applicable to numbers other than 30, provides a mechanism for a heterarchical generation of the agenda, and a precise structure for the sequence of discussions of teams with their critics. As experiments have demonstrated, the discussion in groups of changing compositions creates a reverberative effect, which fosters group cohesion, and shared mental models. Although the model is highly formalized, it has been applied by many corporations with results that corroborate the experimental evidence.
|Author of over two hundred publications, including eleven books variously translated into thirteen languages, Stafford Beer also published poems, and held several exhibitions of paintings.
|Beer himself constructed numerous one-off cybernetic models of such disparate areas as societal triage, health, the dynamics of band development, city planning, education, particular organizations and several models of the integral human personality. Some of theses are described in his book //Platform for Change//, others are written up in //How Many Grapes Went into the Wine//, and in late publications in journals, e.g. //Systems Practice and Kybernetes//, and some have not been written up at all.
|For the established science of management and administration, Beer's work is highly innovative, and even revolutionary. Therefore, it has only been assimilated to a small extent. However, as the application literature demonstrates, its potential for dealing with the complexities of today's world is enormous. This explains the vigorously growing interest in Beers work among practitioners and academics.
|Markus Schwaninger Professor of Management University of St. Gallen, Switzerland October 2004 (update; first version published in 1996)
|**Books by Stafford Beer:**
|Beer, S. (1959). Cybernetics and Management, London: The English Universities Press. Also published in Spanish and German.\\ Beer, S. (1966). Decision and Control. The Meaning of Operational Research and Management Cybernetics, Chichester etc: Wiley.\\ Beer, S. (1967). Management Science. The Business Use of Operations Research, London: Aldus Books. Also published in Spanish and German.\\ Beer, S. (1975). Platform for Change, Chichester etc.: Wiley.\\ Beer, S. (1979). The Heart of Enterprise. Chichester etc.: Wiley.\\ Beer, S. (1975) Designing Freedom, Chichester etc.: Wiley.\\ Beer, S. (1981). Brain of the Firm. 2nd edition, reprint, Chichester etc.: Wiley (First edition: 1972, London: Penguin Press). Also published in German, Spanish and Japanese.\\ Beer, S. (1983). Transit (Poems), Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island: Mitchell Communications (First edition: 1977, Dyfed, Wales: CWRW Press).\\ Beer, S. (1985). Diagnosing the System for Organizations. Chichester etc.: Wiley.\\ Beer, S. & Blohm, H. (1986). Pebbles to Computers, Toronto: Oxford University Press.\\ Beer, S. (1994). Beyond Dispute. The Invention of Team Syntegrity, Chichester etc.: Wiley.\\ Beer, S. (1994). How Many Grapes Went into the Wine. Stafford Beer on the Art and Science of Holistic Management, Harnden, R. & Leonard, A., eds., Chichester etc.: Wiley.
|//Note//: The Classical Stafford Beer Library is an edition in paperback of //Decision and Control, The Heart of Enterprise, Designing Freedom, Platform for Change, Diagnosing the System for Organizations and Brain of the Firm//. This series of books is available from Wiley, Chichester, at a special price.
|**Selected Books on Stafford Beer's Oeuvre**
|Espejo, R. & Harnden, R., eds. (1989) The Viable System Model. Interpretations and Applications of Stafford Beer's VSM, Chichester etc.: Wiley.\\ Espejo, R. & Schwaninger, M., eds. (1993). Organisational Fitness - Corporate Effectiveness through Management Cybernetics (with contributions by Stafford Beer and others) Frankfurt/New York: Campus.\\ Espejo, R. & Schuhmann, W. & Schwaninger, M. & Bilello, U. (1996). Organizational Transformation and Learning. A Cybernetic Approach to Management, Chichester etc.: Wiley.\\ Espejo, R. & Schwaninger, M. & Associates (1998). To Be and Not to Be, that is the System. A Tribute to Stafford Beer, CD-ROM, Wiesbaden, Germany: Carl-Auer-Systeme-Verlag, ISBN 3-89670-063-4.


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Eddie Franklin, the son of music legend Aretha Franklin, was attacked at a gas station in Detroit. Police do not have a motive for the attack, but it appears that he was beaten by at least three men. Detroit police spokeswoman Eren Stephens said a female acquaintance was with Franklin just before the beating took place. The woman walked into the gas station, and when she returned, the assault had occurred. The woman drove him to a hospital, dropped him off and then went to the police station to file a report. Franklin underwent surgery Monday night for injuries related to the assault. What is the world coming to when you can't pump gas in peace?
Read more at Yahoo News.

subset: commoncrawl


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European stocks logged their worst week since the 2008 financial crisis on Friday, as investors alarmed by the mounting coronavirus epidemic rushed to offload stocks before the weekend.
The pan-European STOXX 600 index (^STOXX) was down by more than 13% when markets closed across the continent on Friday, its steepest weekly decline since October 2008.
London's FTSE 100 (^FTSE) fell by more than 11% this week, similarly notching its worst week since the peak of the 2008 crisis.
Germany's DAX (^GDAXI), which declined by 13%, had its worst week since 2011, as did France's CAC 40 (^FCHI), which fell by over 8.5%.
Global stocks are now well into so-called "correction territory," meaning that they have lost 10% since their recent all-time highs.
Losses continued across almost all major equities markets on Friday, as traders signalled that they expected the crisis to deepen over the weekend.
"Globally, equity benchmarks were pummelled remorselessly because of coronavirus fears — fear being the operative word here," said Neil Wilson, the chief markets analyst of Markets.com.
"The selling has been indiscriminate, and this signals broad panic," he said.
"As of the European close, US markets are assured of their worst week since the crisis, too. Wall Street looked to be closing out the week down over 12%."
Read more: $6tn wiped off markets as 'fear index' spikes
The World Health Organization (WHO) on Friday raised its risk assessment of the coronavirus impact and its potential impacts to "very high", but said that it had not seen evidence that the virus was spreading freely enough for it to be a pandemic.
"What we see at the moment are linked epidemics of COVID-19 in several countries but most cases can still be traced to known contacts or clusters of cases," said Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, the director general of the WHO.
The continued spread of the virus nonetheless raises the spectre of far-reaching economic impacts, with economists significantly downgrading their European economic growth forecasts for 2020.
"Each day brings the risk of a surge in new cases in a new location. Market participants are averse to holding risk over the weekend for this reason," said Wilson.
"Markets are still reacting to bad headlines," noting that the key risk over the weekend was whether there would be a surge in European cases outside of Italy, or in the US.


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DNA Fingerprinting
Science was forever changed in 1984, and the groundbreaking moment had nothing to do with George Orwell's famous sci-fi dystopia. British geneticist Alec Jeffreys was trying to trace genetic markers through family generations when he accidentally discovered something far more important: Every unique person has an equally unique DNA profile. Seems obvious, right? Well, at the time, it wasn't -- and Jeffreys' realization had a huge impact on science and many other industries.
Unique genetic profiles are derived from the profiles of our parents, meaning lineage can be traced back through generations with DNA testing. But there are obviously other uses, too -- imagine modern-day criminal investigation without DNA forensics. Jeffreys coined the term DNA fingerprinting and earned a knighthood for his work.
As DNA fingerprinting spread from Jeffreys' lab, so did its scope. Today, the world of forensic science owes its development to DNA profiling. And like humans, animals have unique genetic codes that can be used to -- for example -- catch poachers illegally selling the skins of endangered animals.


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Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep? gave us "kipple," dead, former commodities and the living dead of a devastated Earth, unable to reproduce. They are much like the people of Children of Men, awaiting an end that comes slowly but inevitably. Ubik gives us the concept of "half-life." People in "half-life" are dead but are placed in a state of suspended animation, which they come out of at certain regular times (like yearly visits to the old-folks home) or when their advice is needed. The main character, Glen Runciter, for instance, begins the novel with a visit to his dead wife who provides for him useful corporate advice. Over the course of the novel, it is never clear if the characters are in this state of "half-life" or not. As in The Maze of Death and Eye in the Sky, it is revealed that everyone is sharing a constructed reality. In those novels, it was self-created by the participants, a democratic delusion if you will. In Ubik, the reality is constructed by outside, malevolent forces. It this way, it is a more accurate description of the world we live in. We can come right out and interpret Ubik as a reading of the consumer republic, where choice is confined to what is allowed by those that construct reality. We carry on, in a state of half-life, living only for service. It is the PKD novel that is thematically closest to The Matrix, since the purpose of the delusion is clear exploitation and the cause is a clearly identifiable external force. In Ubik, the external force is Jory Miller, another person in half-life, who regularly consumes people to sustain himself. "Ubik," which is an ubiquitous (the name is purposeful) product, which functions as a preservative to keep the characters from being consumed by Miller. While "Ubik" saves (really preserves) the heroes of the tale, the heroes seem to play a role as "Ubik" for Miller. If we look at it this way, we have a very clear model of the capitalist world. Jory Miller functions like the capitalist class, of the system but able to master its rules at the expense of the other participants. He is sustained through the life force of others, but consumer products become a means of sustaining those victims, keeping them together long enough to be fully consumed. Unfortunately, the interpretation is not quite this easy for two reasons.
Rory Miller did not construct the reality himself. Unlike the exploiting machines in The Matrix, the simulated reality seems to have an external creator. When one enters "half-life" they go into it. That reality is shifting and participants have some say in its form, moving to familiar times and places. (Here I want to stop and make a side bar point about simulated realities. Most depictions I have seen of simulated realities are horribly uncreative, and tend to involve people recreating something they know or a time they know. Why are they not utopias? I suspect this has much to do with our fundamentally incapacity to imagine true alternatives. Even when given the freedom to create new worlds, we stay in the old way. Even in fantasy literature, we find basically capitalist economics at work. In Dungeons and Dragons good performance is rewarded with advances in rank. Characters use gold coins to purchase weapons. How is that fantasy? It is too familiar.) Perhaps it is akin to the more democratic delusions of The Maze of Death. Rory Miller is still, of course, an exploiter. This is not a serious interpretative problem. We merely need to acknowledge that most of the exploiters in the world we live in did not create the institutions that they oversee. In the case of consumer culture, the exploited masses play a role in creating the infrastructure of need that binds all of us to the "normalcy" of capitalism. It turns out that Rory Miller is no more than the run of the mill, clever and lucky member of the global elite who is slightly better at playing the game than others, but lacking any real claim to creativity. The ruling elite are vampires, not architects.
Much more difficult to interpret is the role of the commodity "Ubik," which seems to save people from decay. It is clearly commoditfied. Each era that the characters travel through advertizes Ubik. It famously comes in an spray can. While it seems to be a part of the odious regimen of the exploiters, it is used by Runciter to help sustain the people, to help them avoid becoming "kipple," dead, used-up trash. The lesson here is that the very thing that must fight against our perpetual status of "half-lifers" is a part of the artificial world we exist in. We do not need to jump to Ubik being God or the universal salvation. Ubik is whatever we apply in our struggle against total "kipplization." It will always take the form of the world we live in, just as any libertory movement must put on the face of late capitalism, use its tools, and necessarily fall into hypocrisy. Purity is not possible. In the novel, Ubik had to take the form of the delusion. In the same way, our means of avoiding the slow death of capital must look to us like a product of late capitalism itself. (If we want to borrow the theological argument, it is no different than Christ needing to become man.)


text: Some truly amazing pictures have recently come to light (2015) showing the bomb damage to the Westminster factory in the 'blitz' of 1941.They are in History – Section 4 and wind down. They can all be enlarged twice. Click for the first size and then click on the symbol top right for maximum size to look at the staggering detail!


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SKIL was created by; is driven by; and is focused on persons with disabilities, their families, and communities. We provide Advocacy, Education, and Support with Customer Controlled services to break down and remove existing barriers and bridge social gaps to ensure and preserve Equality and Independence for all.
If you are not working or working reduced hours due to COVID-19, you may be eligible for Unemployment Insurance (UI) benefits.
SKIL staff will continue providing services while the offices are closed. Communication, during this time, will take place through phone, email or fax.
If needing to turn in or receive a hire packet and/or other paperwork, we encourage you to send your information by email to your local SKIL office.
When bringing paperwork to SKIL offices during regular business hours, call that office, and someone will come to the door to assist you.


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Everyone has heard of the sandwich generation - people in their 30s, 40s or 50s who are raising their children while also caring for aging parents. Deneen Day, 52, of the East Side, likes to joke that her life has been a "triple-decker sandwich."
Everyone has heard of the sandwich generation � people in their 30s, 40s or 50s who are raising their children while also caring for aging parents.
Deneen Day, 52, of the East Side, likes to joke that her life has been a �triple-decker sandwich.�
She got her first tour of caregiving duty � an �eye-opening, roller-coaster of a ride� � helping with her grandmother, Odessa Melton, in the early 1990s when Odessa�s body started to fail and later her mind because of the ravages of Alzheimer�s disease. She died of heart trouble in 1995 at age 89.
Then, in 2009, Day�s mother, Tillie Day � a vivacious, travel-loving, free-spirited woman and retired special-education teacher � began having trouble with opening the mail, losing her keys and forgetting to watch her grandson.
She later had blood-pressure problems and issues with balance, so she started falling a lot. Doctors diagnosed mini-strokes and, eventually, vascular dementia. A year later, Day and her special-needs son, Kendall, who is now 12, moved to a new home with her mother, juggling their needs as best as she could while also working full time for the state.
�It�s been a long, hard, emotionally draining journey,� she said.
An estimated 5.4 million Americans � including 210,000 Ohioans and 30,000 central Ohioans � have Alzheimer�s disease, according to the Alzheimer�s Association�s annual Facts and Figures report being released today. Nearly 16 million friends and family members, such as Day, provide financial, physical and emotional support, often without asking for help despite their own needs.
�The devastating emotional and physical effects of caring for a person with Alzheimer�s disease has been well-studied,� said Beth Kallmyer, vice president of constituent services for the Alzheimer�s Association. �However, this new report shows, for the first time, the enormous personal financial sacrifices that millions of care contributors must make every day.�
The report found that:
�Nearly half of caregivers had to cut back on their basic expenses, such as food, transportation and medical care.
�About 13 percent sold personal belongings, such as a car, jewelry or family heirlooms, to help pay for the costs, and nearly half tapped into savings or retirement funds. On average, people spent more than $5,000 a year of their own money to care for someone with Alzheimer�s disease.
�More than one-third had to reduce their work hours or quit their jobs because of the demands, leading to an average loss of $15,194 in household income compared with the previous year.
�Our findings show that very few people are prepared for the cost of caring for someone with Alzheimer�s, which is the sixth-leading cause of death in the U.S. and is expected to nearly triple in prevalence by 2050,� Kallmyer said.
Juggling her mother�s and son�s needs was difficult, Day said, even with her mom attending an adult day-care program several days a week, home health aides coming in to help bridge the gap and friends providing extra support for her son. She came home at lunchtime, went to work late and eventually switched jobs so she could have a more flexible schedule with less stress, but it came with a pay cut.
Then in July 2014, Tillie Day, who uses a cane and walker, fell and broke her shoulder. Her daughter had had two significant surgeries of her own, and doctors suggested that she consider finding a facility to help care for her mother.
After being released from the hospital, Tillie Day went to a skilled nursing facility for rehabilitation and then a respite-care center while her daughter looked for an assisted-living center that could meet her needs. Tillie Day, 78, now lives at the Woodlands of Columbus on the East Side.
Although some of the strain has been lessened, Deneen Day still has to pay for whatever her mom�s pension won�t pick up, and the amount likely will grow as her mom becomes more frail. She estimates she spends as much as $2,000 a month on her mother�s prescriptions, unpaid medical bills, supplies such as adult diapers, prepaid funeral expenses and other bills still owed for the adult day care program.
�If only there were some tax benefits or I could claim her as a dependent,� Day said.
To provide assistance, the Alzheimer�s Association�s central Ohio chapter offers free in-home consultations to answer questions about the disease, link people with community resources, help create long-term-care plans and offer caregiver support.
The team, which includes a case manager, nurse and occupational therapist, looks at safety concerns, caregiver education, the patient�s overall health and planning through the end of life, if the family is interested, said Meredith Finley, the program�s case manager.
�We�re not here to talk about dying with the disease, but how you can live with the disease,� Finley said.
For information on local resources, visit www.alz.org/centralohio or call the 24-hour help line at 1-800-272-3900.


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On the topic of fruit, I tend to like 'exotic' fruits more than our local varieties. If given a choice, I would prefer pineapples over oranges, mangosteens over plums, purple passion fruit over apricots and lychees over cherries. Unfortunately, shopping for exotic fruits can get expensive in YYC.
On my recent trip to Vietnam, I had the opportunity to shop at a few farmers' markets. In Ha Long Bay for example, I had 20 minutes to shop at a huge local market. Vendors inside sold everything from stove elements to nuts and bolts, souvenirs and dried food, silk embroidery and wood carvings. Vendors on the outside sold fresh meats, fruits and vegetables.
When I came upon this stand, I was interested in one particular fruit. I had promised myself to look for this fruit in Thailand but there was no opportunity to stop and shop. Mangosteens are sold at the T&T Chinese , market in Calgary but at $5.99 per pound. For that price, you can buy about 4 of them. At this market in Vietnam, I pointed at the mangosteens and she spoke something in Vietnamese that I could not understand. I took out my wad of money and she picked out 60,000 dongs. She took a shopping bag and started filling it up with mangosteens. There was more than a dozen of fruit in the bag and it weighed about 5 pounds. Using a Dong to CDN converter, that came out to $3.18 Canadian.
Next time I have a craving for mangosteens, you know where I will be flying off to.


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Just letting you know that you still have time to join us at the One Layer Christmas Card Challenge. The Optional Twist for this challenge is to Use A Sleigh on your card. I decided on an early morning scene as the sun is ready to rise and Santa would be on his way home. Hope you can join us this challenge.
Stamps: Art Impressions P-2975 City Scene, S/U's Many Merry Messages, Holiday Home
Card: Thick Whisper White
Ink: Stazon Black, Basic Grey, Tim Holtz Distress Inks, Stormy Sky, Faded Jeans, Mustard Seed, Dried Marigold, Peeled Paint, Shabby Shutters
Cool Tools: Scoring Tool, Stamp-a-ma-jig, Sponges, Aqua Painter
Lovely to have you visit today.


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Millennials put ticket strategies to test
Amy Howe, Ticketmaster's new chief operating officer, sees a common thread in all the major changes the ticketing giant is pursuing.
Between mobile ticketing, social media-based selling, increased in-venue engagement, seat upgrades, more powerful tools for event discovery, and last-minute offers, the millennial audience stands at the heart of all them.
"This audience presents huge implications for our entire product road map moving forward, and how we service our customers. It even influences our [merger-and-acquisition] strategy," said Howe, formerly an executive with Ticketmaster parent company Live Nation.
"A lot of these things represent really big pivots from where we used to be as a company. This group of consumers is even more engaged in live events than their predecessors. But they have a very different set of needs and have exposed a crucial need on our part to find new ways to reach them."
|The Colorado Rockies use The Rooftop party deck at Coors Field to attract younger fans who often value the social gathering as much as the baseball game itself.
For many teams, leagues and ticket sellers, the millennial audience represents a quarter to a third of their overall revenue base. But as baby boomers begin to die off, and Generation X ages, millennials will soon represent the majority of the industry's target audience.
"This is a very valuable audience, and obviously the future of our business," said Brendan Donohue, senior vice president of the NBA's team marketing and business operations group. "But they consume content and consume live events differently. It's a unique audience that requires some nontraditional tactics."
Some of those newer efforts have included the Portland Trail Blazers' Student Pass, a mobile-based program offering last-minute tickets to college students for as low as $10, and the Orlando Magic's Fall Fast Break Pass, a promotion that packaged eight preseason and early regular-season games for a total of $49, but assigned the seats randomly minutes before each contest. Three other NBA teams — Atlanta, the Los Angeles Clippers and Phoenix Suns — also this past season rolled out millennial-targeted, fluid seat programs on a trial basis that were powered by Experience, a dominant player in seat upgrade technology.
Several MLB teams are using the Ballpark app update to make youth-driven package offers. The Oakland A's this week are scheduled to introduce a millennial-focused Ballpark Pass offer packaging all 13 of its July home games for a flat fee of $89. Like those basketball programs, the seats are not assigned until just before each game, with ticket holders receiving their seat locations and ticket bar codes on their mobile devices.
The Oakland promotion follows similar Ballpark Pass offers made earlier this season by several MLB clubs including the Chicago White Sox and Atlanta Braves. The White Sox's and Braves' promotions each combined tickets to 21 early-season games for $49, representing a per-game price of just $2.33.
Millennials' influence over the industry also is being seen in facility design through the marked increase in recent years in standing-room areas and other less conventional gathering areas. The Colorado Rockies' popular Rooftop party deck, which opened last year featuring general admission tickets and a variety of craft beers and local food, is among the more successful recent examples. Those projects, either as newly built areas or renovations within existing buildings, has this demographic squarely in mind.
"If we expect this group to just go to a game, sit down and watch, we're really missing the boat," said Dave Butler, chief executive with Paciolan. The California-based ticketing company works with dozens of college athletic programs, each of which actively sells to its current students and recent alumni. "Our task as an industry is to create additional ways and forums to allow this audience increased social engagement."
All about mobile
Any strategic ticketing plan to reach millennials, not surprisingly, begins with mobile and, depending on the team or property, may not stray at all from that. The smartphone is now such a pervasive source of information and commerce for the millennial audience that ignoring it represents professional suicide. Some companies such as Gametime have almost entirely oriented themselves around mobile-based ticketing for millennials (see story).
The ticketing industry was relatively slow to embrace mobile platforms, and overall fan adoption is estimated to still be in the low double-digit percentages with a tipping point beyond 50 percent still at least two years away. But for the younger demographic, the phone is everything. Ticketmaster estimates that 84 percent of its millennial audience searches for live event information on their phone, and 67 percent will make a purchase on the device, figures each far higher than the company's nonmillennial audience. (see chart).
Goldstar, a discount channel for live entertainment, says 70 percent of its total traffic now comes from mobile platforms, twice the total from two years ago and up from a negligible amount five years ago.
"Any marketing strategy that doesn't include mobile, and really have mobile at the heart of it, is going to leave a lot on the table," said Jim McCarthy, Goldstar chief executive.
MLBAM has packaged its Ballpark mobile app so that the phone is at once a fan's ticket, his access point to content such as in-game video highlights and facility wayfinding, and the storehouse for personal loyalty data. And much like Ticketmaster, the millennial audience is a nexus among many of MLBAM's key initiatives over the past several years, including the installation of beacon technology, a comprehensive effort to improve wireless connectivity at ballparks, and its relationship with Experience to provide mobile-based seat upgrades.
"A lot of those other pieces also needed to be in place so it can be a much fuller overall fan experience than just digital ticketing," said Mark Plutzer, MLBAM vice president of ticketing. "So much of this is interrelated."
Secondary ticketing giant StubHub said its mobile-based sales grew 40 percent last year across all demographics, with millennials playing a key role in that growth. The company is targeting further growth this year in part through a new set of redesigned mobile apps that include greater personalization, event discovery features, and integrations with outside content and social media brands such as ESPN, Foursquare and Yelp.
"The millennial audience has really high expectations when it comes to mobile and the kinds of things you can do on mobile," said Kate McGunigal, StubHub head of consumer insights. "But the flip side is that they're really open.
They're open to downloading an app and giving it a try. They're open to considering an event they haven't thought about that you might have sent an alert about."
Price sensitivity
With the overall earning power of the millennial audience still relatively low, discounts are the order of the day.
Low-cost programs such as the ones offered by the Trail Blazers and Magic are rapidly being copied elsewhere.
And similar ones, such as the Boston Celtics' Girls Night Out offer, add in credits for Uber rides or other amenities disproportionately popular with millennials.
Ticketmaster's current data indicates that millennials spend on average 13 percent less for sports and 19 percent less for concerts than their nonmillennial counterparts.
|The Orlando Magic and Portland Trail Blazers are among the teams that have employed deeply discounted ticket offers to attract a generation early into its earning potential.
And where older consumers might buy a ticket for their spouse, children or a handful of work associates, a young influencer might pave the way for a group of five, 10 or even 20 friends to attend a game.
"Our programs where we're trying to identify those millennial influencers represents a huge opportunity," Howe said. "You find the right people, and you essentially get access to their entire broader social network, since they will typically attend with friends, tweet and post about it, and so forth. It's a really big gateway."
Furthermore, Ticketmaster has found this audience doesn't care at all about the company's past troubles, such as its highly debated purchase by Live Nation or its battles with rock band Pearl Jam in the 1990s. But if a ticket search doesn't immediately generate attractive results, a millennial consumer is also much more likely to venture elsewhere to find what they want.
"The good news is that they're completely unencumbered by the past. It's all about finding the ticket they want right now," Howe said. "But they're also incredibly resilient, and if they don't find what they want with us, they have no problem going elsewhere to look and keep trying. They've also grown up with Apple, Amazon, that really great one-click online purchasing experience once they do find what they want. And it's the type of thing we have to deliver as well."
Season-ticket purchases also have started to become more common with the millennial audience. Thanks to various promotions such as 12-month billing and other flexible payment plans, teams in numerous sports have made a season-ticket purchase possible for a younger fan.
"I don't agree that the millennial fan is just buying cheap, last-minute tickets," the NBA's Donohue said. "We've seen a lot of customization in how offers are put together to get this demographic to embrace the membership route.
Something like $80 a month, sometimes even less, can make you a season-ticket holder, and those kind of offers have been well-received."
Price sensitivity, however, can also exist on the team side of the ticket sales process. While targeting millennials with discounts and package deals such as the Ballpark Pass program can be effective, clubs must ensure they are not undercutting other more traditional sales channels. It's a similar thought process as dynamic pricing where many teams do not lower single-game prices through that technology below existing season-ticket rates.
"In order to protect your season tickets and regular single-game sales, you often have to set it up a little differently," for the millennial audience, said Steve Fanelli, Oakland A's executive director of ticket sales and operations. "The price with Ballpark Pass is really great, but it doesn't guarantee a specific seat. Some of it might even be standing room if we get to a sellout. So it's a different product. But it does encourage sampling around the ballpark and, ideally, will give us a set of new names into our system."


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One of my favorite books is Brain Rules by John Medina. The following passage is from the book's introduction:
Most of us have no idea how our brain works.
This has strange consequences. We try to talk on our cell phones and drive at the same time, even though it is literally impossible for our brains to multitask when it comes to paying attention. We have created high-stress office environments, even though a stressed brain is significantly less productive. Our schools are designed so that most real learning has to occur at home. This would be funny if it weren't so harmful. Blame it on the fact that brain scientists rarely have a conversation with teachers and business professionals, education majors and accountants, superintendents and CEOs. Unless you have the Journal of Neuroscience sitting on your coffee table, you're out of the loop.
This book is meant to get you into the loop.
I've had this book for a while and recently picked it back up to re-read it. Today, this bit of the intro seemed appropriate to discuss here. Brain researchers have proven that it is (as stated above) nearly impossible for our brains to multitask. However, given the way most of us attempt to operate every day, we don't believe or accept this is true.
I was thinking about how I am constantly doing what I believe to be multitasking. For example, I listen to an audiobook during my drive to and from work. Since the book is on my iPhone, I may be interrupted by a call that comes in, so I often talk on the phone while driving. When I get to work, I switch from my audiobook to a playlist of light jazz or something else with few words (I admit that I can't quite handle music with lyrics while trying to work as I always end up singing along and forget what I am doing). I work in a "cubicle village" with about a dozen of my colleagues where we each occupy about a 5x7 foot area with a half height divider wall in between. Every sound is clearly audible throughout the village so I constantly find myself vicariously sucked into other conversations and phone calls. [That's precisely the reason why I tell myself I wear earbuds so I can drown out some of the noise.] Then, at the end of the day, I switch back to my audiobook and drive home.
What I noticed this morning was that when I got to work, I couldn't really remember the drive to get there. I did remember the predicament my audiobook's main character was in when I stopped listening, but the drive was a blur. :)
I then started thinking about my work day. There have been several times when I'll be working on something and a song or a nearby conversation pulls my attention away from what I'm doing and I end up struggling to get back on track after a few seconds (or minutes) of distraction.
In Medina's book introduction he says that we've created high-stress environments and in so doing have made ourselves less productive. I think that's true. How many of you actually have a real office...you know, one with a door and 4 real walls? How many times a day are you distracted or completely interrupted from what you're working on because of your environment? I understand the economics behind cubicles vs offices, but I think it would be fascinating to know what the real cost is in terms of lost productivity.
I don't know that I'll give up my audiobook during my drive (and I may regret it one day if listening to it results in me being unable to avoid an accident), and I'm confident that I'll not rate an office with a door for a long while. But knowing that my brain can't multitask is apparently not going to stop me from trying to emulate the effect.


text: asperity 800 Report post Posted June 6, 2018 The problem is that there are many countries in the world where the idea of waste collection doesn't exist, people just throw their garbage into the streets and rivers. But of course the "environmentalists" won't preach their sermons where the problems exist, instead they get on our backs instead. 1 Quote Share this post Link to post Share on other sites


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Many talented and generous people are working hard to change the culture of psychological science for the better. Key in this change is the call for transparency and openness in the production, transmission, and consumption of knowledge in our field. And change is happening---the field is becoming more transparent. It is delightful to see.
8.14 Sharing Research Data for Verification
(a) After research results are published, psychologists do not withhold the data on which their conclusions are based from other competent professionals who seek to verify the substantive claims through reanalysis and who intend to use such data only for that purpose, provided that the confidentiality of the participants can be protected and unless legal rights concerning proprietary data preclude their release. This does not preclude psychologists from requiring that such individuals or groups be responsible for costs associated with the provision of such information.
(b) Psychologists who request data from other psychologists to verify the substantive claims through reanalysis may use shared data only for the declared purpose. Requesting psychologists obtain prior written agreement for all other uses of the data.
More commentary is provided in APA's 6th Edition Publication Manual (p 12-13):
To avoid misunderstanding, it is important for the researcher requesting the data and the researcher providing the data to come to a written agreement about the conditions under which the data are to be shared. Such an agreement must specify how the shared data may be used (e.g., for verification of already published results, for inclusion in meta-analytic studies, for secondary analysis). The written agreement should also include a formal statement about limits on the distribution of shared data.... Furthermore, the agreement should specify limits on the dissemination .... of the results of analyses performed on the data and authorship expectations.
What's Good About This Policy?
The above policy shines a spotlight on verification. Verification is needed for a healthy psychological science. Researchers are prone to mistakes, and allowing others to see the reasoning from data to conclusion provides an added layer of integrity to the process. It also provides at least some expectation that data may be shared, albeit perhaps with stringent limits.
Understanding The Difference Between "Data" and "Interpretation"?
To act ethically, we need to differentiate data from the interpretation of data.
Data serve as facts, and like facts, are interpreted in the context of theories and explanations. The data themselves are incontrovertible in as much as the actual values stand on their own. The interpretation of these facts, whether and how they support certain theories, explanations, and accounts, is not incontrovertible. These interpretations are just that. They are creative, insightful, varied, judged, negotiated, personal, etc.
Who is qualified to interpret these data? We all feel like we are uniquely qualified to interpret our own data, but we are not. On the contrary, we should respect the abilities of others to interpret the data, and we should respect that their interpretations may differ from ours. Our interpretations should derive no special authority or consideration from the fact that we collected the data. When we collect data, we gain the right to interpret them first, but not last.
What's Wrong With The Policy
Jelte Wicherts and Marjan Baaker have recently pointed out the flaws in APAs policies. Their unpublished paper and commentary in Nature are important reads in understanding the possible ramifications.
The APA policy does not insure others' rights to independently interpret the data. The PI explicitly retains sanctioned control of subsequent interpretations. They may exercise this control by refusing to share without being granted authorship, limiting the scope of use of data, or limiting where the results may appear. The APA policy serves to privilege the data collectors' interpretation where no such privilege should ethically exist.
What Does A Good Policy Look Like?
Let's brainstorm this as a community. As a starting point, we propose the following statement: Ethical psychologists endeavor to insure that others may independently interpret their data without constraint. How that should play out? We welcome your ideas.


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Analyzing Complex In Vitro Experiments: It's Not as Hard as You Think
Analyzing in vitro experiments can be challenging and time consuming. Yet, crucial decisions depend on accurate data analysis and interpretation early in development. Unfortunately, most lab-based scientists lack access to state-of-the-art models for analyzing in vitro data. A new tool enables the analysis of data generated from complexin vitro studies. These studies include assays using … Continued


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Vitamin B12: Deficiency and Foods With Vitamin B
What is Vitamin B12: Benefits and Interesting Facts about this Vital Nutrient
Vitamin B12 is needed for metabolism, development of red blood cells and the maintenance of the central nervous system. This vitamin and other B Vitamins are known as cobalamin; more specifically, Vitamin B12 is known as cyanocobalamin.
Benefits and Interesting Facts:
- It helps the body produce DNA.
- Aids in regulating metabolism.
- It is required for proper brain function.
- Enhances mood.
- Aids in sleep.
- It is vital for fetal development.
- Slows the aging process.
- It may protect against some forms of cancer.
- It is water-soluble.
- It is stored in the liver for approximately 12 months.
- When not stored, or used, it is expelled in the urine.
- Beef liver and clams are the best sources of this vitamin.
- Studies have found people over 50 are unable to absorb Vitamin B12.
- Patients with Crohn's disease, Celiac Disease, or who have had gastrointestinal surgery tend to lose the ability to absorb B12.
- It can prevent anemia, specifically megaloblastic anemia.
- A blood test can measure Vitamin B12 levels in the blood.
Recommended Daily Allowance of Vitamin B12
Life Stage
Recommended Amount
Birth - 6 months
0.4 mcg
7 - 12 months
0.5 mcg
1 - 3 years old
0.9 mcg
4 - 8 years old
1.2 mcg
9 - 13 years old
1.8 mcg
14 - 18 years old
2.4 mcg
2.4 mcg
Pregnant Teens and Women
2.6 mcg
Breastfeeding Teens and Women
2.8 mcg
Allergic Reactions and Side Effects of Excessive Vitamin B12
Side Effects
Side effects with Vitamin B12 are uncommon and it is generally considered safe when taking the recommended daily allowance. Regardless, seek medical attention if you suspect you are having an allergic reaction to it. Side effects include:
- Difficulty breathing
- Hives
- Swelling of face and oral cavity (lips, tongue or throat)
- A feeling of warmth, or heat in arms or legs (may include redness).
- Headache
- Dizziness
- Nausea
- Diarrhea
- Fever
- Joint paint
- Itchiness or rash
Causes of Deficiency
The following ailments and conditions are known to potentially cause Vitamin B12 deficiency:
- Anemia
- Celiac Disease
- Crohn's Disease
- Grave's Disease
- Gastritis
Check with your physician about taking supplements or if vitamin injections are an option.
Note, Gastric By-Pass patients may have a limited ability to absorb this vitamin. Also, vegetarians and vegans do not consume animal products, the richest source of Vitamin B12.
Symptoms of Vitamin B12 Deficiency Video
Purpose of a Vitamin B12 Test
A Vitamin B12 test may be used to determine, analyze, and diagnose cases of:
- Anemia
- Dementia
- Gastrointestinal Issues
- Tingling and Numbness in extremities
Unless advised differently by their physician, one should fast 10 - 12 hours before blood work of this type. Also, you may want to remind your physician if you are on Coumadin or an aspirin regimen.
Deficiency Symptoms
Symptoms may include:
- Abdominal Pain
- Anemia
- Appetite Loss
- Birth Defects
- Bleeding Gums
- Bruising
- Depression
- Eczema
- Hair Loss
- Muscle Cramps
- Rapid Heartbeat
- Stunted Growth and Development in Children
- Tender or Sore Tongue
- Tingling and Numbness in Extremities
- Weakened Immunity
Severe and untreated cases can cause nerve damage and affect cells. Severe symprtoms can provoke depression, mood swings, memory loss, and disorientation.
Food Sources
B Complex Vitamins and Protein for Vegans and Vegetarians
Best High Protein Foods for Vegetarians and Vegans*
Protein food sources for vegetarians can come from legumes, nuts, seeds and other foods. The article provides a variety of protein food sources and includes grams of protein per serving.
* Note: Some protein rich plant foods are rich in B Complex Vitamins.
Food Sources of Vitamin B12
Foods rich in Vitamin B:
- Dairy and Eggs: Swiss cheese has the highest level of Vitamin B12
- Fortified Cereals
- Seafood: Caviar, Clams, Cod, Halibut, Lobster, Oysters, Salmon, Sardines, Scallops, Shrimp
- Red Meat: Liver (variety), Beef, Lamb, Venison
Vegans and Vegetarians should consider including fortified cereals and supplements to their diet in order to avoid the possibility of being deficient in Vitamin B12.
"Unlike some other B vitamins, B12 is not found in any plant food other than fortified cereals." - WebMD
B12 Absorption: Intrinsic Factor
Intrinsic factor (IF) also known as gastric intrinsic factor (GIF) is aglycoprotein produced by the parietal cells of the stomach. It is necessary for the absorption of vitamin B12 later on in the small intestine.
Vegetarian Diet
It is important to note, a diet deficient in animal products, primarily beef, poultry and seafood, greatly increase the risk of Vitamin B12 deficiency. Vegans are at the highest risk as this particular diet also restricts eggs and dairy, another source of Vitamin B12. Please consider watching the FullyRaw video below if you are vegetarian or vegan. This video will provide you with an informative perspective.
Your Heart and Vitamin B12 Deficiency: This deficiency is known to increase blood levels of homocysteine, an amino acid which enables artery blockage. The blockage greatly increases the risk of stroke and heart disease.
Vitamin Injections and Shots
There are some reports claiming Vitamin B12 shots can aid in weight loss. According to the Mayo Clinic, there isn't an evidence weight loss occurs through these injections. The idea behind the weight loss claim is due to the energy effects of Vitamin shots. Some believe this increase in energy improves metabolism.
Who can benefit from vitamin injections?
Patients with gastrointestinal issues such as, Crohn's Disease or Celiac Disease are unable to absorb Vitamin B12 through their digestive system. Injections can be an effective alternative.
Vitamins for Memory and Concentration
Study: A trial of 152 adults between the ages of 70 to 80, compared the mental benefits of aerobic exercise to Vitamin B supplements. Although both groups showed improvement, the exercise group showed greater improvement in memory and concentration than the supplement group.
Dr. Oz: The well loved celebrity physician was recently asked if there were any supplements that help to improve your memory. He responded, "the number one vitamin you should be taking are omega-3 fish oils."
Facts about Foods, Supplements and Memory
Study: Older adults who took vitamin B12 for two years showed significant improvement in both short and long-term memory tests. Australian National University
Other memory boosting foods and supplements:
- Folic Acid may slow memory loss.
- Serotonin can improve memory and learning.
- Fish Oil improves cognitive function and mood.
- Evidence supports flax improves clarity and awareness.
- The theanine in matcha (powdered green tea) is known to stimulate alpha brain waves, which are associated with a relaxed, but alert mental state. Relaxes the mind while allowing focus on mental tasks.
- Blueberries contain flavonoids. Flavonoids improve memory and cognitive functions such as; the ability to reason, make decisions, general comprehension and retention.
What are the B Vitamins: Includes Vitamin B Complex Food Sources
B vitamins are commonly found in basic animal and plant food sources. B vitamins are essential for the growth and development of many functions in the body, especially the conversion of foods to energy.
Vitamin B Complex consists of: B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B9 and B12
- B1: Thiamin, produces energy and supports healthy muscle, nerve and heart function. Common sources: whole grains, pork, seafood, liver and legumes (especially kidney beans).
- B2: Riboflavin, produces energy and also supports muscle, nerve and heart function. Common sources: dairy, enriched grains, green leafy vegetables.
- B3: Niacin, produces energy within the cells and helps maintain a healthy digestive and nervous system. Niacin also aids in supporting skin health. Common sources: chicken, fish, red meat, liver, legumes, nuts and whole grains.
- B5: Pantothenic Acid, aids in general growth and development of the body. Common sources: easily found in most plant and food sources.
- B6: Pyridoxine, aids in the metabolization of protein, supports healthy red blood cells, aids immunity and supports the nervous system. Common sources: chicken, fish, pork, liver, legumes, wheat germ and bananas.
- B7: Biotin, aids in producing hormones and metabolizes carbohydrates and proteins. Used by many for skin, hair and nail care. Common sources: bananas, egg yolk, grapefruit, mushrooms, nuts (peanuts), watermelon and liver.
- B9: Folic Acid (Folate), supports DNA production. Common sources: citrus, green leafy vegetables, mushrooms, legumes, peas, and whole grains.
- B12: Cobalamin, Supports a variety of functions, such as the nervous system, metabolization of vital nutrients and the production of red blood cells. Common sources: dairy, eggs, chicken, red meat, and shellfish.
American Cancer Society: Vitamin B Complex
WH Foods: Vitamin B12
Mayo Clinic
National Institute of Health
NIH: Office of Dietary Supplements
Top Ten Blueberry Health Benefits: Nutrition Facts About Blueberries
Blueberries are rich in antioxidants and provide amazing health benefits. Blueberries promote a healthy retina, strong cardiac muscles and maintain brain function.
Disclaimer: The information provided in this hub should not be construed as personal medical advice or instruction. Please consult a physician for medical and dietary advice and treatment. Vitamin B12 Deficiency should not be assumed or treated without the supervision of a medical professional.
This content is accurate and true to the best of the author's knowledge and does not substitute for diagnosis, prognosis, treatment, prescription, and/or dietary advice from a licensed health professional. Drugs, supplements, and natural remedies may have dangerous side effects. If pregnant or nursing, consult with a qualified provider on an individual basis. Seek immediate help if you are experiencing a medical emergency.
© 2013 Marisa Hammond Olivares
There are many important things regarding health that we need to do know in order to lead a good and healthy life. Vitamin B12 is one such thing. The hub author has described many important facts of vitamin B12 that all of us need to know. By reading this post we can be greatly benefited by knowing the different aspects of vitamin B12 and raise our concerns and take proper measures to increase the vitamin in our health if required. Also the list should be a yardstick and we should try our best to measure the vitamin in different stages of our life.
Great article with lots of useful information. I researched this topic extensively in relation to my Osteoporosis and found that people on HRT, Birth Control pills and medication for Hypothyroidism can all have depleted levels of B12 despite an adequate dietary intake. I have also found that, (especially in older people), it is vital to take the methylated form Methylcobalamin, NOT Cyanocoblalamin, the cheaper form and the one usually found in multivitamin supplements.
This was another great hub on Vitamin B12 and how he can have many health benefits. Voted up for useful!
Thank you for this interesting information. I have seen a program a few days ago that also suggests that B12 and the other B vitamins also play a big role in preventing Alzheimers.
Very comprehensive post about the always underrated B12 which is vital in the manufacturing of Red Blood Cells. I found this very informative and helpful.
I didn't realize B12 was in Swiss Cheese! Interesting. Do you know why?
great hub including every important points .. voted up and sharing..
Great and comprehensive article on B12. I started out with B-12 shots many, many years ago. After being tested I learned the intrinsic factor in the lining of my stomach was gone so I was unable t absorb B-12.
I now take a tablet sublingually and am so happy that I don't need shots anymore. Many companies offer them but it is important to find a reliable source.
Thanks for sharing your research - Well done my friend!
I love this article!! I am just starting on hubpages mind checking out my one beauty product review! More is soon to come! :)
Thanks doing the research and making such a comprehensive presentation on Vitamin B-12. Voted Up!
I just started taking a B-12 complex supplement a few days ago and I learned a lot here from your hub. Very informative Mo! Pinning!
You know, I've been taking B vitamins over the past couple of days after a friend recommended them to me (HOLY buckets of energy!) I think I should start eating more foods with B vitamins. Getting vitamins from food is better than from a pill anyway! Thanks for the hub, I'll definitely have to bookmark this one!
People don't realize how important B12 is. My wife had gastric bypass and she has to take it daily because of absorption after the surgery. Thanks for the reminder, great article!
thanks for writing this full detailed hub on vitamin B. lots of natural source of ingredients to consume for this vitamin B. I don't really rely on supplement pills unless it is difficult to obtain the nutrient from fresh food. Voted useful
Hi missolive, this is a really useful and thorough article on B12. As a long-time vegetarian I am fully aware of the need to include it in my diet, and have found a lot of mis-information out there on the web. This is well researched and well written - as always! Thanks for putting it all together.
all the best, Imogen :)
I'm so glad to read this article. I'm convinced that many health problems occur because of the lack of B12 in the diet. Hope many people will find this informative article!
Hello missolive - I have come back to read this excellent and informative hub on B12. I started on B12 after reading this the first time. It has been so helpful and I have done quite a lot of sharing. So again, thank you so much for all the research and a wonderful hub. Audrey
My mom suggested I take B12. I picked up a bottle a few months back. Then I saw all the other B vitamins and wondered about them. Thanks for the useful information! I appreciate the list of foods that contain B12, too.
You covered the waterfront, missolive, on this thorough examination of B12 and the other B vitamins. Thanks for your research.
This is a great article on B12. I like learning more about nutrition, and it's interesting to know which kinds of food have B12, as well as how much we should have of it. Thanks for sharing this with us. It looks like you put a lot of research into this.
I had no idea you have just written a hub, lol. And I don't eat much meat at all, so the B12 thing got me...hmm...well, I DO take a multivitamin with 100% RDA of B12...I should like eat fish or something. But the taste, texture and smell...ugh...it's all fishy to me. Ugh. LOL
Simply awesome. Everyone hears about B12 deficiency but knows so little. You've really provided comprehensive information both about too much and too little B12. I have celiac so know about the deficiency. The B12 shots do help. Thanks for this helpful article.
Voted up, useful, awesome, and interesting.
Thanks for the good information. At one time, I had to take Vitamin B12 shots, but my current doctor claims I don't need them. I found it interesting that swiss cheese is high in B12. I'll have to eat more of it.
This is such a comprehensive resource! Thanks!
Very informative. I just read an article the other day saying Vitamin B may also be helpful in Alzheimer's treatment, so this is good info to have.
Very informative! It's amazing how are bodies need a certain dosage of each vitamin and malfunction without them. Voted up!
What a great and extensive hub. Awesome coverage about the importance and sources of vitamin B-12. All B-vitamins are important, but I think people really struggle with getting enough B-12 for their bodies. It is amazing how lack of one vitamin or mineral can have such drastic effects on one's body.
Hello missolive ~ I greatly appreciate all of the information you have provided about Vitamin B12. I have a question. If the body cannot absorb vitamin B-12 at age 50 and older then what is the use of taking a supplement? I hope I have misinterpreted this. Please let me know.
I've rated your hub up and across and sill share on pinterest, FB, Twitter and more. Thanks :)


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The Story of the U.S. Stock Market (S&P 500) in One Chart from 1975 to 2035:
The Chart above tells the story of the United States Stock Market (as represented by the S&P 500 index) from 1975 to 2035.
Baby Boomers are the largest demographic group in the United States born around 1946 to 1960, right after World War II.
In the 1980s and 1990s, the Baby Boomers were in their Peak Earning Years and they earned, consumed, spent, and invested for their retirement. This was helped in 1995 by an increase in the Money Supply, and the Printing Money Started leading to Fed Chief Alan Greenspan to proclaim that there is 'Irrational Exuberance'. This finally lead to the peak of the Tech Bubble in the year 2000.
The Tech Bubble and Dot-Com Bubble burst, and interest rates remained low, and with loans being very easy to get (including no downpayment loans, and no proof of income), the housing market started its ascent into the stratosphere ending in the 2007-2009 Housing Bubble Peak and Burst.
The market tried to recover, thanks to Fed Chief's Ben Bernanke policies keeping interest rates very low, and printing money with three rounds of Quantitative Easing (QE1, QE2, QE3). This occurred in conjunction President Obama's increased spending and stimulus plans following the Keynesian way of spending government money to get out of a recession.
We are currently now in the Debt Bubble (consumer debt, state and local debt, international debt, and federal government debt where the U.S. Federal government owes $16 Trillion dollars amounting to over 100% of GDP, and this amount is continuing to grow), a Spending Bubble, and a Government Bubble. These bubbles will eventually burst.
And starting in 2011, the Baby Boomers are starting to retire, and the Aging Population starts to put pressure on the economy. The dependency ratio (65 years and older and 0-15 years old to the total population) is going to increase through the years, adding to the burden, and hindering economic growth.
In addition, since the United States Debt to GDP Ratio is now 100% and growing, there will be a long term debt overhang. There is a study by Carmen Reinhart (Peterson Institute for International Economics, NBER, CEPR), Vincent Reinhart (Morgan Stanley) and Kenneth Rogoff (from Harvard University and NBER) that shows those cases in history where debt to GDP exceeded 90%, experienced suboptimal growth lasting an average of 23 years.
There are many signs pointing to continued economic stagnation, decline, and possibly recession and depression over the next twenty to thirty years (2032-2042).


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Springboro schools & Clearcreek Twp! Beautiful building lot #13 on 1.78 acres in a highly desirable area. Build your dream home with Ellis Custom Homes. Hunter's crossing - country living with all the conveniences. Public water, natural gas, and septic. Across from the future Harbaugh Park and minutes from DLM, highways, schools, shopping & more!
Jennifer L. Danishek, (937) 203-8180
MLS® 1604084 is a Single Family Lot home located at Lot#13 Hunters Crossing in Clearcreek Twp. OH. This property is currently listed for $107,900.
According to statistics, there are currently 39 listings for sale in Clearcreek Twp.. The average listing price is $564,195, with the highest price being $2,525,000.
Courtesy of Jennifer L. Danishek, (937) 203-8180, The Gene Group, (937) 203-8180.
Courtesy of the MLS of Greater Cincinnati.
Information Deemed Reliable but Not Guaranteed.
Copyright 2020, MLS of Greater Cincinnati, Inc. All rights reserved.
Listing information last updated on August 15th, 2020 at 9:07am EDT.


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Music at Atlas Elementary
Welcome to the Atlas Elementary Music program. I am Pat Houck, the music director. I was born in Green Bay, Wisconsin. I obtained my Bachelor's degree in Elementary Music at the Universtity of Wisconsin-Green Bay and my Master's degree in the Creative Arts through Lesley University. I started my teaching career in Wisconsin, then moved to Idaho and spent three years teaching at the Coeur d Alene Tribal School in Desmet. I then transferred to the Coeur d Alene School District, where I have been teaching music since 1990.My major instrument is voice and my minor instrument is piano. I believe that music is very important in our student's lives. Research data shows that music is important in connecting the left and right sides of the brain. With the music connection, students increase scores in all academic subjects, especially math, and brings forth the creative potential in all young people. For this reason, continued participation in our music program's activities is strongly encourage. My music philosophy is that all students can enjoy music. Our new district's music program, "Quaver Music" presents music concepts in a fun and enjoyable format. Along with my other music concepts presented through a concert format, the students receive a "full plate" in the smorgasbord of music knowledge.Concert Dates and Times
Classroom Rules and Expectations:
- November 7, 2019 3rd grade concert
- March l9. 2020 5th grade concert
- April 16, 2020 2nd grade concert
- February 20, 2020 4th grade concert
- May 12, 2020 Kindergarten concert
- May 14, 2020 lst grade concert
l. Listen and follow directions
2. Respect others
3. Be prepared and participate
4. Take care of equipment
5. Keep hands, feet to yourself
l. Warning
2. Time-Out
3. Thinking Chair
4. Refocus
* Special Chorus will start on Thursday, September 20th at 7:45-8:45 a.m


text: The Spring 2010 edition of Better Homes & Gardens special interest publication Outdoor Rooms used a TimberTech Earthwood deck project of ours in Ankeny as a backdrop for a feature article entitled EcoStyle. Thanks to Doug and Karen Altman for allowing us access to their beautiful Ankeny backyard. And, thanks to the editor, writer and photographer for this beautful presentation of the project we did for the Altmans and for the informative article. This is the 2-page opening spread of the article in the Outdoor Rooms magazine; look for it on newstands through April 27th, 2010.


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I would like to operate AO-92 using the L-band uplink. I own some 23 cm equipment, which is unused right now, and can be put into service. Here is my concept of mode L/v:
|Equipment for working AO-92 in mode L/v.
The 20 W PA is based on the power module RA18H1213G from Mitsubishi. I bought the PA as a kit from PE1RKI Bert. You can find the circuit diagram and a description of the building process here.
The low-pass filter removes harmonic waves, and monitors the RF power.
The antenna is a helix-antenna for circular polarization (RHCP). As the AO-92 antenna is linear, there will be 3 dB loss when circular polarized waves are received by the satellite.
The 23 cm equipment is housed in an alu-box which is mounted near the antenna.


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Rabid bats are plaguing California! Well actually, one rabid bat was discovered after it died, and someone bothered to figure out why it snuffed it, NPR recently reported. But of course it's news, because well, it's awesome news, offering great punning opportunities, and in the past, people have died after being bitten.
This is America, so a few searches turned up some cool signs, advising people not to fondle bats, no matter how adorable they were.
The question I have, though, is this: How do you tell if a bat is crazy? Do they fly all over the place with their eyes closed? No, they do that already. Or, do they start bumping into walls suddenly? Swooping down to steal fat people's hamburgers?
Maybe you know for sure if you find a bat in your kitchen, making itself a cup of coffee or reading the newspaper.


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See some of Louisville's most talented entertainers and help a person battling brain cancer with The Blair Wish Project, which happens on Sunday.
Bryce Blair could possibly be one of the more active members of the Louisville theatre community. He has directed well-reviewed plays for the YMCA of Southern Indiana and worked with Dancesensation Studios, among other activities.
Recently, though, Blair has been sidelined due to a battle with brain cancer. Blair has been weakened significantly since having brain surgery but has been in rehab. Friend Janet Morris said that Blair "is determined to beat it."
However, Blair's medical costs are rising. Blair does not have insurance on his own. He is on his parent's insurance, but the co-pays are unaffordable for the family.
Enter The Blair Wish Project. The Blair Wish Project will feature many of Louisville's talented thespians and entertainers doing what they do best in front of an audience and judges they aim to please. Expect a lot of hilarity, a lot of singing, and plenty of fun during this evening, which is July 7 from 7 p.m.-10 p.m.
Clarksville Little Theatre will host the event, and the theatre's address is 301 E. Montgomery in Clarksville, IN. Donations are appreciated and will be taken during the event. A silent auction will also occur with proceeds going to help Blair's medical costs.
More information on the event can be found at The Blair Wish Project Facebook page or by contacting firstname.lastname@example.com
Follow me on Twitter! LouBriantheater
(Image from Blair Wish Project)


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Uncategorized | July 2, 2012
The Grand Teton Association invites you to join their Writers in the Park series every second Saturday of the summer months. Writers both serious and casual, working in all areas of interest are welcome. The workshops are free.
Saturday, July 14th, Jayme Feary will lead the workshop with discussion and writing exercises.
We will meet at 9:00am at the flagpole in front of the park Visitors Center in Moose rain or shine. From there we will go to a good place to write and talk together. Bring paper and pen, appropriate outdoor clothing for variable weather conditions and perhaps water and something to sit on. The workshop ends at noon.
Jayme Feary specializes in narrative nonfiction. He is a frequent magazine contributor. The Wyoming Arts Council awarded him a 2011 Fellowship in Creative Nonfiction. He earned an MFA from the University of Montana, where he taught composition and creative nonfiction. He lives in Jackson, Wyoming.
Jayme's workshop is titled: "Storytelling–The Secret Behind 'Show, Don't Tell'"
He says, "Have you ever wondered how to write a great scene that transports readers so deeply into the story that they forget they are reading? The key is the application of the oft-taught 'Show, Don't Tell' rule. But what is this rule really saying? How can we shift our writing from telling to showing? We'll practice writing a scene and will discuss how we can improve. Educational, practical, and fun.
Hope to see you there.


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Date Posted... Oct 27th 2016
Chris told us how the nickname Bill came about: Mr James, Housemaster in Epworth House, was at the time a selector for the Cornish Rugby team. The full back for many years was one, Bill Bishop. Mr. James decided that I would be Bill and so I was called Bill for the rest of my school career. I also happened to have an uncle named William Bishop, so it didn't seem that odd.
Chris has always worked in the technology sector, specifically the application of computer systems to business and government bodies.
He joined International Computers (ICL as it was commonly known) in 1961. In those days companies ran 2 or 3 year training programs and I was assigned to various locations during that time. Working initially on tabulating machines, but as soon as the1900 computer series was launched in 1964 Chris was on the first programing course. Cornwall County Council ordered an ICL 1902 later that year and he was assigned to the County Council as the Systems Engineer on a full time basis during the initial two years.
Chris told us: We had our share of challenges. The head of computer services was Eric Carmichael, who also was a TS old boy. One day after we had got everything in production we hosted Boozy Worthington (Head of Maths) and some of his 6th formers to a tour of the facility. Mr. Worthington who was doubtful of my abilities when I was in his classes, said at the end of the tour:- "You have come a long way, boy" . From him that was praise indeed.
From here Chris went to Bath University and studied for a Masters in Business Administration and graduated in the autumn of 1969. My new (and current) wife and I decided we would go abroad for a couple of years, largely because the disastrous government of Harold Wilson was making life so unpleasant. We are still here.
Chris worked at a consulting firm for a couple of years. Then joined a new company that became the largest computer services firm in Canada. I was there for 16 years and it was great gig. I moved over to sales and marketing side of the business and followed that with assignments at Accenture (previously Andersen Consulting), Tandem Computers and my last corporate job was at Compaq.
I then took over a consulting company from my old boss and provided market research for the information technology industry on what governments at all levels were spending on information technology until 2012.
Since retiring Chris has kept busy with the grandchildren, golf and travel, but tells us he is also very active in the community with a strong focus on our harbours and how they should be developed for the benefit of all our residents.


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It was officially announced yesterday by Warner Bros that Jared Leto, Will Smith, Tom Hardy, Margot Robbie and Jai Courtney will be staring in the film 'Suicide Squad'.
They will be bringing to life the much loved superheroes and villains of DC Entertainment. Below is the lineup and the characters they will be playing… if this is anything to go by it's going to be an epic film. The script and film will be produced and directed by David Ayer.
Cara Delevinge will be appearing as Enchantress
Will Smith will be playing Deadshot
Jai Courtney to play Boomerang
Margot Robbie as Harley Quinn
Tom Hardy as Rick Flagg
And Jared Leto will be playing The Joker.
Who is else is pretty excited about this film!?
h/t airows


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Cabrillo Dr, Centerville
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Who lives here?
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Got a burning question? Why not ask the locals! Simply ask your question below
Cabrillo Dr
"A lovely established neighborhood in an older part of Fremont"
Cabrillo Drive runs through an older but nice neighborhood, Cabrillo Park, built in the early 1960s. It is a good connector route between Thornton and Decoto, two major arteries in the original center of Fremont, the Centerville District. There is a walking trail nearby -- a catwalk -- from Cabrillo to Fremont Blvd., where there is the Brookvale Shopping Center as well as Patterson Elementary School. A lot of long-term residents live in the area, and it is an excellent place for families, with plenty of three to four bedroom homes -- 1000 to 1600 sq ft., modest.
Recommended for
- Professionals
- Singles
- Families with kids
- Retirees


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WHAT is the debt limit, anyway? Ask the average college student in Michigan or dentist in Oregon, and you're likely to get a blank stare.
Some of us may know Congress and the president have been fighting over it lately, but, well, it's a whole lot easier to flip on ''Friends'' in the evening than plow through another newspaper article with a headline like ''Interim Measures Advance in House.''
The debt-limit concept is actually not that complicated. The government has run up nearly a $4.9 trillion debt - a financial snowball brought on by years of spending more than it takes in.
Uncle Sam can't just print more money to pay for all this. He has to borrow from investors. The government also can't just rack up endless debt. By law, it must remain within a limit set by Congress. Every time we near that cap, Congress must vote for an increase or risk a default, in essence, a declaration of bankruptcy by the United States government. The impact would be enormous, and it would affect all of us.
The US is now getting close to its debt limit, so Congress is moving this week to raise the limit temporarily, enough to keep things humming through Dec. 12. If this move fails - for example, if President Clinton vetoes it - the government will hit its debt-ceiling on Nov. 15, and could be faced with a default on its debt. But for now, let's say Clinton and Congress get over this hurdle. They still face the December deadline. By then, maybe they will have agreed on a budget and can put in place a permanent hike in the debt ceiling.
But maybe not.... And that's what the ultimate battle is all about. The Republican-led Congress wants Clinton to pass its balanced-budget plan, but Clinton is resisting. He says it's too harsh. So the GOP has strapped the permanent debt-limit increase to the budget like a nuclear device, threatening to set it off if Clinton won't pass their budget.
Budget-watchers say no one would really let that bomb go off, not even that self-described revolutionary, House Speaker Newt Gingrich. Besides, they say, there are lots of bookkeeping tricks the Treasury Department could do to keep the US solvent a bit longer. It could, for example, borrow money out trust funds such as Social Security's.
Not so fast, Congress said this week. To make things harder, a House panel wrote into its temporary debt-limit increase restrictions on just such maneuvers. The Treasury Department is furious, and wants Clinton to veto this bill.
If the US really did default on its debt, it would have to stop paying bills. That would make it harder to get future credit. Investors would lose some of their confidence in the US economy. That means the US would pay higher interest rates on loans - something that would ripple through the global economy.
Higher overall interest rates mean we'd pay more to carry debt on credit cards. Rates on mortgages would rise. The cost of doing business would go up, and those added costs would be passed on to consumers - so prices would go up. That means inflation.
''The important thing to recognize when we talk about raising the debt limit is that we're accommodating spending which we have already committed ourselves to,'' says deficit hawk Carol Cox Wait. ''There's no excuse for not raising the debt limit.''
Some members of Congress may not completely understand that, like the one who proposed that the US pay just some of its bills, Ms. Wait says. ''Many are confused between shutting down the government for a few days because they haven't passed a budget yet and shutting it down because they haven't raised the debt limit,'' she says.
So if you're confused, you're not alone. But maybe that's not terribly comforting.


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From the very moment Steve Jobs unveiled the Apple iPhone at MacWorld two months ago, every corner of the tech world has been buzzing that the thing would be too darned expensive. Indeed, we said the very same thing in our
Apple Inc. COO Timothy Cook seems to have taken a "you get what you pay for" mentality. As Wireless Week reports, Cook spoke at a Las Vegas conference recently where he characterized other cell phones as worthless. "A lot of people pay zero for their phone," he said. "Guess why? That's what it's worth." Meow. Though Cook has a point that Americans are addicted to free phones (and subsequently early-termination fees) I can assure you, dear Crave readers, there are plenty of worthy cell phones not made by Apple. Cook then went on to repeat Jobs's earlier prediction that Apple will sell 10 million iPhones in 2008. At this point, all we can say is, we'll see about that. And we can't wait to find out.


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3D Body Simulation Vectra System Announcement
NEWS RELEASE: 3D Photographic Simulation Brings a New Dimension to Plastic Surgery at Dr Michael J. Schenden's Office.
New technology allows patients to preview how they will look with aesthetic procedures. Click HERE to see the 3D simulator in action!!!
Troy, Michigan– If you are one the thousands of people each year considering aesthetic plastic surgery, Dr Michael Schenden has some good news for you. Recent advances in three dimensional (3D) photography combined with revolutionary new software allow prospective patients to preview what they will look like as the result of breast augmentation, facial procedures, and more, well in advance of any surgery.
Both the VECTRA® 3D camera and Sculptor software which make this possible were developed by Canfield Imaging Systems of Fairfield, NJ, the world's leading provider of medical photography systems. The process starts with a VECTRA 3D session which produces a three-dimensional photograph of the patient. Then, using Sculptor software, the surgeon is able to simulate the expected results of a variety of aesthetic procedures.
"My patients are going to absolutely love this," said Dr Michael Schenden. "For the first time, they'll be able to see a 3D picture of themselves with their new look. Because it's in 3D, I can rotate their picture to any viewpoint and they can really examine the desired result. We can make changes here and there and agree on a final look in advance, and this truly helps them make a decision".
Dr Schenden has more than 25 years of experience, offering professional, personalized medical care in aesthetics such as: breast augmentation, breast lift, facelifts, nose surgery, eyelid surgery, liposuction, tummy tucks and more. Dr. Schenden is a board certified plastic surgeon and is available for consultations by appointment at 248.524.0620.
For additional information:
Doctor's Name: Dr Michael J. Schenden, MD
Consultation Contact: Margaret Randall
Phone number: 248.524.0620
Website: www.DrSchenden.com
Address: 201 W. Big Beaver Rd Ste 1130, Troy MI 48084
New trend in laser liposuction!
SmartLipo by Cynosure is highly effective for eliminating unwanted fat from the body. The lasers energy destroys the fat cells and has the ability to tighten loose skin, thereby improving the body shape and contour. The dual functionality of laser liposuction is what sets it apart from other methods and adds to its popularity.
The plastic surgery field continues to change and the advances in technology and obtainable results are astounding.
Contact 248-524-0620 to set an appointment to discuss your options.


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Of rogue valleyoverhead door companyreliability andsectional doors & mostso much more
The Genuine. The Original.
Garage doors, residential garage doors, commercial garage doors, garage door openers
Just as Henry Ford's horseless carriage changed the way the world moved, a young man named C.G. Johnson invented the upward-lifting garage door in 1921 and changed the course of the garage door's place in history. Johnson traveled across the United States with a small prototype of the door mounted on the back of his Model T, promoting his new innovation at county fairs and in countless small...
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We have residential garage doors & openers, sectional doors, rolling service doors, high-speed doors, security grilles & closures for retail, sliding, swinging & revolving doors, cargo doors & more
Garage Door Co is located at 2110 W Stewart Ave, Medford, OR. This business specializes in Garage Construction.
Overhead Door Company of Rogue Valley is located at 2110 W Stewart Ave, Medford, OR. This business specializes in Home & Garden and Retail Shopping.
Sales, Residential & Commercial, Lic Bnd Ins, Installation, Ccb#52579