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Cook the Book: Tuscan Meat and Tomato Ragù
In this, the era of fast food restaurants, take-out dinners, and microwave ovens, it's easy to forget the pleasures of leisurely cooking. But spending all Sunday in the kitchen stirring and seasoning is one of life's greatest pleasures!
Today's Cook the Book recipe, excepted from Lidia's Italy, is for Tuscan Meat and Tomato Ragù. A rustic classic from the hills of Maremma, it's perfect for saucing spaghetti, or served over a scoop of creamy polenta. And while it needs to simmer for hours in order for the flavors to develop, the preparation method is simple, straightforward, and stress-free.
What's New On Serious Eats
- 1/2 cup dried porcini
- 1 medium onion, in chunks (1 cup or more)
- 2 celery ribs, in chunks (about 2 cups)
- 1/3 cup extra-virgin olive oil
- 1 pound ground veal
- 1 pound ground pork
- 1 pound sweet Italian sausage, removed from the casing and crumbled
- 2 teaspoons salt, or to taste
- 2 cups red wine
- 3 cups (or a 28-ounce can) canned Italian plum tomatoes, preferably San Marzano, crushed by hand
- Meat, poultry, or vegetable stock, or water, as needed
- Freshly ground black pepper to taste
- Recommended Equipment
- A food processor
- A heavy-bottomed 5-quart saucepan with a cover, 12 inches or wider
Soak the dried porcini in a cup or so of hot water for at least 1/2 hour.
Using the food processor, puree the onion and celery to a paste. Heat the oil in the saucepan over medium-high heat, scrape in the paste, and stir it for 3 or 4 minutes as it steams and starts to caramelize.
Add all the meats to the pan, raise the heat, and continuously turn and loosen the chopped meat as it sears and browns. Sprinkle 2 teaspoons salt over the meat, and keep tossing and breaking up any lumps, until all the meat is colored and has started to release moisture. Cook, stirring frequently, to evaporate all the liquid in the pan, about 15 minutes or more.
When the meat is dry, pour in the wine, stir well, and bring it to the boil. Cook, frequently stirring, to evaporate the wine. Meanwhile, lift the reconstituted porcini pieces from the soaking water, squeeze them dry, and chop into bits. Stir the porcini into the sizzling meats. When the wine has almost evaporated, pour in the porcini water (but not the sediment), stir, and cook until it too has disappeared into the meat.
Pour the tomatoes into the pan, slosh the containers with 2 cups of water, and stir that in. Cook, covered, until the tomato juices are bubbling, then lower the heat and simmer the sauce, partially covered, for 2 to 3 hours—the longer it perks the better! As the sauce reduces, add stock or water as needed to keep the meat covered by liquid.
Taste, and season with salt and freshly ground black pepper. Use right away or—for best flavor—let the sauce sit for a couple of hours or up to 2 days (refrigerated). Loosen sauce with water or stock, if necessary, when reheating.
All products linked here have been independently selected by our editors. We may earn a commission on purchases, as described in our affiliate policy.


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Successful copywriting is being able to connect with your readers quickly, easily and profitably. It is a skill that a lot of people are harnessing to get their message across to their readers, in a clear concise way, to prompt your readers' thoughts, feelings or actions.
Being a successful copywriter means you will be:
Better understood,
Easier to understand,
More influential,
A great leader
I have put together a list of copywriting tips so YOU too, can improve your writing, and get more results –
Listen to your audience, and understand their needs. Know exactly what it is that can help them improve on.
Write as if you are writing to just one person, and imagine that you are talking to them face to face. Get on their level.
Your headline is super important. 80% of your audience won't read any further than your headline, so make it catchy.
Your personal story is important. It helps people to understand exactly who you are, giving them confidence in you and your brand.
Connect with your readers, and include them in your sales copy by utilizing the word, "YOU" as much as possible.
Make sure your copy reads and flows seamlessly. Each paragraph should flow easily and connect with the previous paragraph.
Be clear and concise about your message, don't assume your readers' know exactly what you are talking about. Sometimes you need to spell it out for them.
Maintain a consistent tone throughout your copy. Your readers should be able to connect with your copy as a real person.
Make it easy for them. Use simple words, simple sentences and simple paragraphs. Don't try and impress by using big words. Write your copy so even a 12 year-old could read it.
Using simple two or three word paragraphs is not uncommon in good copywriting.
You only need to write what you need to, to get your story across. Don't get hung up on word count.
Write to persuade by using short, punchy, as you speak kind of language. Get yourself a copy of a dictionary of slang to help you.
Your very first sentence is crucial. It must always catch your readers' attention and get them to keep reading.
Your final sentence is just as crucial as your first, it must also compel your reader's to buy or act.
Write as if you're having a conversation with someone sitting right next to you.
Tap in to your readers' emotional buttons. Zone in on your readers' fear of missing something BIG!
You need to be clear on what EXACTLY you want your readers' to do. Never assume the reader knows what to do. Tell your readers' exactly what they need to do, every step of the way, by using words like 'click here for instant access.'
Play on your guarantee. Your guarantee is quite often your last 'life line' – s0 play on it to get your readers' to act on your word.
If you can, sprinkle testimonials throughout your copy, rather than having all your testimonials together. Although when you get to the stage of having quite a lot of testimonials, you can add a testimonial page to your sales copy.
Write with authority. You want your readers' to know it has been written by an expert, so write as if you are.
Create a sense of urgency to take action. Give a reason why your readers' need to act right away.
Anticipate your readers' questions, and answer them in your copy. Write as if you are face to face with your reader and he/she has questioned you on one of your points.
Use bullet points to hone in on benefits. Bullets are a great way of grabbing attention. Use them under your headline, when describing your offer or product, and in your P.S. (usually at the bottom of the page.)
Every bullet point must have a benefit.
Save a really great benefit as a closer. In your closing, introducing another terrific benefit is a good technique.
Your main benefit should be in your headline. There's no harm in repeating it a few times throughout your copy.
Let your readers' know why they should buy from you. Remind them just why they should trust you and make a purchase.
"Dedicated to kicking your butt into action, until you succeed!"
With a big squishy hug!
"MrsCheeky" Katrina White. 🙂
P.S. You are selling a great opportunity or product, and your aim should be to stand out from the crowd with your sales copy. Good or bad copywriting will show with the results. Learn from people with successful copy. Take a look at their work, and how they get their message out.
Here's a look at some successful copywriting –

subset: commoncrawl


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Writer-director Nicole Holofcener's film Friends with Money analyzes a very particular dynamic—that of being a luckless and careerless lonely girl (Jennifer Aniston) in an L.A. circle of friends (Catherine Keener, Frances McDormand, and Joan Cusack) who are all married and rich. Seems preposterous, given the casting, but nobody in this country uses as sympathetic a microscope as Holofcener when examining the conundrums of modern women, and Aniston is convincing and sad. With Jason Isaacs.
Category Archives: Altered States
You Can Count on Me (2000)
A literate, mature indie about a single mom (Laura Linney) who's stuck in her childhood home after the early death of her parents, saddled with an obnoxious boss and an evasive boyfriend, and raising a son who needs a man around the house. Trouble rolls into town in the form of her screwed-up brother (Mark Ruffalo). Sounds slight, but it adds up—to a portrait not just of a woman's love life, but of her entire life, and all the emotional complexities it entails. Both stars are remarkable; Ruffalo found himself a career after You Can Count on Me, and Linney was nominated for an Oscar. With Matthew Broderick.
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Erin Brockovich (2000)
A film designed to win its star an Oscar if there ever was one, Steven Soderbergh's Erin Brockovich sets up Julia Roberts as a working-class single-mom heroine for the oppressed, legally battling corporate giant Pacific Gas and Electric on behalf of the scores of poor locals who have endured decades of tumors and other illnesses thanks to the illegal use and dumping of poisonous chemicals. Filthy with character details and robust righteousness, the film is also notable for its dismissal of love and even parenthood in favor of doing justice, fighting the good fight, and working your ass off at something you believe in.
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Thelma & Louise (1991)
Single, alone, and discouraged? Rather than resume the soul-crushing hunt for a suitable, or even bearable, mate, consider entertaining the notion that's at the wide-eyed core of this seminal, postfeminist war chant: the solution to your problem is to run. There aren't many males of the breed worth one of your airborne toenails, and, since males run the world, your best bet is to stick it to the man, grab a gun, climb into a big, brightly painted vintage automobile, and make a break for the frontier. This remarkable movie actually makes this dead-end gambit seem worth the price: Susan Sarandon and Geena Davis, both smashing in faded denim and desert-wind-swept hair, revel in all things masculine (cool cars, firearms, the West, teaching lowdown varmints a thing or two about how to talk to a lady), then simply take their own spectacular exit rather than submit to the laws of patriarchal privilege. As a rebel yell,
Thelma and Louise couldn't be more extreme—or more fun. Anyway, you can't be blamed for thinking you'd rather drive off a cliff than endure another round of speed dating. Introducing Brad Pitt.
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Alice Doesn't Live Here Anymore (1974)
Ellen Burstyn snagged an Oscar for Alice Doesn't Live Here Anymore, an unpredictable, somewhat odd tale, in which the heroine—a single mother who works as a diner waitress and dreams of becoming a club singer—tries to keep the future looking bright in the Arizona flatlands for her smart-mouthed son (Alfred Lutter), even as patient hunk Kris Kristofferson waits out the brawls. Martin Scorsese directed, clearly without having ever met a midwesterner. With Harvey Keitel and Diane Ladd.
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Rachel, Rachel (1968)
Perhaps the most sensitive portrait of feminine loneliness in the post-Eisenhower period, this Paul Newman–directed drama gets under the epidermis of a wilting-lily, thirtysomething schoolteacher (Joanne Woodward) who hopelessly embarks on an aimless affair as she otherwise faces her grim middle years alone. The profound sympathy brought to the heroine's plight by all concerned keeps Rachel, Rachel very far from being depressing.
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I'm No Angel (1933)
What better company, if you're without a man and frustrated, than Mae West, a woman's woman who's built like a battleship, is in complete control of her sexual identity, and is ready to use up men like tissues, with no more than a smirk and tossed bon mot? In I'm No Angel, West remains an invigorating, optimistic object lesson in how to be comfortable in your own skin, how to love sex for sex's sake, and why you need never rely on a man.
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Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter . . . and Spring (2003)
Lovely to look at and filled with improvised Buddhist exercises, Kim Ki-duk's film Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter . . . and Spring takes place entirely on a gorgeous man-made lake, in the center of which floats a monk's shack. Five seasons (spanning decades) transpire, tracing the hardly simple spiritual education of a young boy. The tug-of-war between the body's need for satisfaction and the mind's need for purity is vividly played out.
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What Dreams May Come (1998)
Ersatz New Zealand visionary Vincent Ward had his last Hollywood shot with What Dreams May Come, a poundingly romantic dream tribulation, in which Robin Williams, enjoying a digitally splashed-out heaven, must travel down to the depths of the underworld to save the soul of his dead (by suicide) wife (Annabella Sciorra). No painterly, impressionistic (or expressionistic) idea has been left out, and the oddly affecting thing about the film is that everybody involved seems to mean it.
Crimes and Misdemeanors (1989)
One of Woody Allen's richest films, and one that dares to take on the weightiest of moral dilemmas, as Martin Landau's tortured Manhattan ophthalmologist is confronted with saving himself, his wife, and his lifestyle from the destructive forces of Anjelica Huston's unstable girlfriend. Crimes and Misdemeanors asks: what can we live with? What price can we, and others, pay for peace and happiness? With Mia Farrow and Alan Alda.
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The Passion of Joan of Arc (1928)
Danish heavyweight Carl Dreyer shot this French film using bare, expressionistic sets, the immolated saint's actual trial transcripts, and a stage actress named Maria Falconetti, who delivered what many have considered to be the most beautiful and affecting film performance of all time. Of course the issue at hand is spiritual integrity—do you surrender your beliefs, or say you do, in exchange for clemency from an evil empire? Who does God's work, anyway? One of the faithful, Dreyer was intent on communicating the tormenting experience of spirit-body conflict, and The Passion of Joan of Arc, a well-worn art-house cornerstone, still astonishes.
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Being John Malkovich (1999)
Perhaps the closest a Hollywood movie has ever gotten—and probably will ever get—to the free-associative shotgun spray of Salvador Dali's and Luis Buñuel's Un Chien Andalou, this first film by the team of director Spike Jonze and screenwriter Charlie Kaufman is an ingenious, incredibly entertaining, Rorschach blot of a metacomedy. The primary metaphoric vehicle of Being John Malkovich is a mysterious, slimy tunnel that leads directly from a small door in an obsolete office building into the consciousness of actor John Malkovich. After fifteen minutes spent in Malkovich's head, however, tunnel travelers are interdimensionally chucked out onto the shoulder of the New Jersey Turnpike, but the orgasmic thrill of living inside Malkovich's skull spurs the characters (including office clerk and formerly unemployed puppeteer John Cusack, his frumpy—yes, frumpy—wife, Cameron Diaz, and sultry business chick Catherine Keener) to repeat the experience and steer Malkovich's actions into fulfilling their sexual fantasies. Charlie Sheen shows up, as himself, blabbering about "hot lesbian witches!"
Little Big Man (1970)
Director Arthur Penn (of 1967's Bonnie and Clyde fame) was never a subtle craftsman, and this shticky yet intelligent rendition of Thomas Berger's big, absurdist farce Little Big Man fit him like a glove. Dustin Hoffman plays a 121-year-old man who claims to have been everywhere and witnessed everything, from the death of Wild Bill Hickok to Custer's Last Stand.
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The Great Escape (1963)
This perennially popular World War II POW-camp adventure is the least traumatic war film you can imagine—a precursor to TV's Hogan's Heroes, it's peopled with glib movie stars doing "outwit the Nazis" shtick and exhibiting the Allies' "we can take it" wherewithal. As you might guess, The Great Escape is not an emotionally demanding film: Steve McQueen suffers time in solitary with a mitt and baseball, James Garner manages to scrounge everything but the kitchen sink in the middle of nowhere, Charles Bronson's "Tunnel King" digs toward the fences despite his claustrophobia, and so on.
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Laura (1944)
The chattiest, dreamiest, and wittiest of noir mysteries, Otto Preminger's Laura begins with a murder and a romance—cool cop Dana Andrews falls for the dead woman, personified by Gene Tierney's wall portrait. Then Tierney's heroine walks in from a weekend away, and no one's sure who the body belongs to. All in all, the film is virtually owned by Clifton Webb, the feyest and most acidic character actor of the 1940s.
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Berberian Sound Studio (2012)
Peter Strickland's seething and self-conscious Berberian Sound Studio offers a dynamic that's impossible to resist: being trapped in a Kafkaesque netherworld of vintage Euro-genre film post-production. It's Italy in 1976, in that post-dubbing-crazed industry's seediest foley studio, where Toby Jones, as a shy British sound engineer, is imported to fabricate the soundtrack for what seems to be an absurdly gory Dario Argento-ish giallo. We never see the film in question, but only hear it, as a thousand cabbages and melons are decimated with knives and sledgehammers, and as the brittle Gilderoy finds himself lost in whimsical Italian bureaucracy and appalled by the bloody mayhem on the screen. His strained subjectivity takes over, and the two films he's "in" cross-fertilize each other – until there's almost no film left.
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Maybe this Oliver Stone blitz should be listed under "Election Day" (although that may depend on your political predilections), but it's also one of our modern era's most convincing paranoiac screeds. Much of JFK —which revolves primarily around actors like Kevin Costner acting out one of several semi-possible conspiracy scenarios regarding the events that occurred in Dealey Plaza on November 22, 1963—is questionable, but just as much is not. At least credit Stone for having the cajones to have Costner's Jim Garrison, unraveling a plot that reaches straight to Lyndon Johnson, spit the word "facism" during his in-court summation. With Gary Oldman, Tommy Lee Jones, Kevin Bacon, Joe Pesci, and Sissy Spacek.
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The Conversation (1974)
Between the Godfathers, Francis Ford Coppola crafted The Conversation, a nerve-racking essay on privacy and surveillance; Gene Hackman is a bugging expert who's so good at his job that he's emptied his life rather than be bugged himself. Murder might result from one assignment, sending him on a guilty, destabilized tear—which in turn makes him the subject of the surveillance he's always dreaded. Indelible. With Harrison Ford.
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Lars and the Real Girl (2007)
This strange and irresistible film more or less begins with a Bunuelian idea: a smalltown man (Ryan Gosling), grieving for his dead mother, solves the problem of his lonely neurotic existence by ordering a full-size sex doll and then puts her forward to his family and close-knit Midwest community as his new, wheelchair-bound girlfriend. What comes of that for us is a queasy balance between ghastly comedy and devastating melancholy – we're never instructed by the movie to react one way or the other about Lars' blank-eyed insistence on the doll's humanness, and every shot featuring "Bianca" is a masterpiece of painful farce. But then Lars and the Real Girl becomes something else: the focus imperceptibly shifts away from Lars-as-problematic-protagonist and onto the busily populated neighborhood around him, who for their own reasons accept Lars' doll as a real person, and end up inadvertently allowing Lars to find an emotional escape hatch out of the impossible corner into which he's painted himself. It turns out to be one of the most convincing and generous portraits of smalltown American life movies have seen in years, and still a portrait of adult lostness that hurts to think about. With Emily Mortimer and Paul Schneider.
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High Fidelity (2000)
In this adaptation of Nick Hornby's farcically self-pitying novel High Fidelity, John Cusack plays a going-nowhere record store owner and pop-music obsessive who, after his latest relationship collapses, takes the viewer on a tour of his past romances. With Jack Black and Catherine Zeta-Jones.
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The Swimmer (1968)
The loneliest lonely-man movie ever made, based on what you'd think would be an unfilmable John Cheever short story: Burt Lancaster is a Connecticut family man who, apropos of nothing, appears in a neighbor's yard and dives into the pool. He proceeds to "swim" a long circuit of his rich neighbors' pools, "going home," as he says. The Swimmer is a journey that reveals along the way what the pool-owners already know: that this buoyant, athletic guy has nowhere to go.
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The concept of the "femme fatale" was old hat when James M. Cain wrote his vicious thriller Double Indemnity, but (with some help from this film adaptation, which was coscripted by Raymond Chandler and director Billy Wilder) he made the man-eating antiheroine into the dramatis persona of the postwar era.
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In youth-obsessed America, where it's entirely possible to start feeling over the hill at age twenty-five, this film is a refreshing, good-natured slap in the face: a comedy, based on a true story, in which a group of Yorkshire women nervily bare all for a yearly fund-raising calendar, which becomes, as we see, a sensation. These women aren't making fitness videos on the side, either—these are real bodies, belonging to undoctored women (including Helen Mirren, Julie Walters, and Linda Bassett) who are willing to be judged by a shortsighted world. The script of Calendar Girls isn't overly sweet, although the saucily affirmative tone and the wheezy tai chi coda are trying.
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Wonder Boys (2000)
Middle-aged literature professor Grady Tripp (Michael Douglas) is having a bad day: his wife has just left him, he's having an affair with his boss's wife (she also happens to be the chancellor of the university), and his editor is coming to town expecting a finished manuscript—of which he's written very little, although he's already used up a full ream of paper in the attempt. His own "wonder boy" years as star author far behind him, he embarks on a snowy Pittsburgh weekend odyssey that ends up involving a stoned literary prodigy (Tobey Maguire), a transvestite, a dead dog hidden in a trunk, a manuscript more promising than his own, and the stolen jacket of Marilyn Monroe. Michael Chabon's novel of midlife crisis is wisely centered in the academic milieu: is there any more constant reminder that you're past your prime than being surrounded by the flush of youth 24/7? We could feel our own age lines expand as we watched, but that doesn't mean the movie isn't smart, quick, witty, and lovable—it is. With Frances McDormand.
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Shirley Valentine (1989)
At long last, a midlife crisis movie about a woman who's actually in the middle of her life. Manchester working-class housewife Shirley Valentine (Pauline Collins) addresses the camera as if she's revenging all the ridiculed English women in Alfie (that 1966 Michael Caine–as–womanizer affront), venting her frustration and disappointment at who she's become and how she lost herself along the way. She hitches a free trip to Greece to discover, thankfully, that being over forty doesn't have to mean an end to skinny-dipping in the Aegean Sea and drinking retsina by sunset. Unembarrassed by the film's staginess, Collins looks like a real middle-aged woman whose hips have borne children and whose chin hasn't been lifted above her eyebrows.


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Are you using Soundcloud? Lots of people are – 180 million users per month in fact. Soundcloud likes to think of itself as the Youtube of audio, it's a platform that enables users to share, listen, and upload tracks. They recently announced an upgrade that offers social enhancements and an improved user experience.
Users upload ten hours of audio every minute to Soundcloud, according to new stats recently revealed by Eric Wahlforss, Founder and CTO of the Berlin based company. Audio content creators connect directly with their audience and offers social tools that enable sharing and discovery. Users do not need to register to listen, but registered listeners can build playlists, share playlists, and more. It's an easy way for musicians to share music, radio stations and/or personalities to share programming, and of course, families to share recital performances.
Soundcloud is also making specfic efforts to cultivate content partnerships that would expand their audience. Last summer they hired a producer from WNYC, an NPR affiliate, to pursue partnerships with audio providers. There's not much info on the revenue model at this point.
The Berlin based company has taken some $63 million in investments, and counts Union Square Ventures, Fred Wilson's firm, and Kleiner Perkins, Mary Meeker's firm, as investors.


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The Evidence Grows Even Stronger.
Tension headaches, which have been described as a dull pain, almost as if there was a tight band around the head, are one of the most common forms of headaches. Individual studies have shown promising results for the use of acupuncture to treat this type of headache, but a 2001 meta-analysis that combined the results from 26 individual studies, six of which focused on tension headache, found, "The quality and amount of evidence are not fully convincing." The authors of this study added, "There is an urgent need for well-planned, large-scale studies to assess the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of acupuncture under real-life conditions." Now, an updated meta-analysis has found that the evidence for acupuncture in treating tension headaches is indeed convincing.
Linde and colleagues examined the results of 12 randomized trials, with a total of 2,317 participants. They were looking to determine whether acupuncture is more effective than no treatment or just routine care; more effective than sham acupuncture treatment; and as effective as other interventions (physiotherapy, massage or relaxation) in reducing headache frequency.
In those studies that compared acupuncture treatment to no/routine care, 47 percent of patients receiving acupuncture reported a decrease in the number of headache days by at least 50 percent, compared to 16 percent of patients receiving either no or routine care. For those studies comparing true and sham acupuncture, 50 percent of patients receiving true acupuncture reported a decrease of the number of headache days by at least half, compared to 41 percent of patients receiving sham acupuncture.
The researchers concluded, "In the previous version of this review, evidence in support of acupuncture for tension-type headache was considered insufficient. Now, with six additional [tension headache] trials, the authors conclude that acupuncture could be a valuable nonpharmacological tool in patients with frequent episodic or chronic tension-type headaches."
source: www.acupuncturetoday.com


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Ordnance Survey Guest Blog
We were so excited to be featured as a guest blogger on the Ordnance Survey Website this month. Check it out...
Have you ever met anyone who doesn't love an antique map? Their unique charm and history is endlessly relatable and you can never tire of exploring an old map of a sentimental location. To study old maps in antiquarian book shops and libraries is one undertaking, but to own an original antique map is a luxury reserved for the wealthy or bequeathed.
Cartography or map making has been an integral part of human history for thousands of years. The earliest maps are recorded as far back as the 24th Century BC, depicting simplistic line drawings of hills, rivers and cities on a clay tablet.
Technological advancement in printing techniques and apparatus introduced in the 15th Century, allowed for the creation of far more precise maps and the ability to make accurate reproductions. In today's society, modern day maps are widely available on phones, tablets and desktops at the touch of a button, so how do we combine this technology available for contemporary mapping with the millions of antique maps in archives gathering dust?
There are many antique map collectors that despise the digitalisation and reproduction of original maps, preferring to cherish the beauty and individuality of the genuine article. The question is, how do you make antique maps accessible to everyone without digitalising the original? The answer is, it's impossible. Without digitalisation and reproduction, antique maps would eventually disintegrate and their beauty and history are lost forever.
If you've ever had the pleasure of visiting the Royal Geographic Society (RGS) or the British Library's extensive map archives, you will see there is still a long way to go in the digitalisation of maps and atlases in the UK. The RGS alone holds one of the world's largest map collections dating back to 1482, with very few of the maps held in high resolution digital format. To access their collection, you must visit the society offices in South Kensington, search the physical index of archived maps (a book the size of a large suitcase), fill in a request form and wait for one of the staff members to search for and find your required map sheet. This often results in one or two attempts to select the correct sheet, a frustrating process that I think you would agree, is not feasible to all and sundry.
In America, one man is leading the way with the digitalisation and accessibility of his antique map collection. The David Rumsey Map Collection was started over 30 years ago and contains more than 150,000 maps. Digitalisation of the collection began in 1996 and there are over 85,000 items now online. The highest resolution scanners combined with top of the range geo-referencing technologies are combined to enable a user to search by place name or postcode and view what maps are available for their specific area. The company to come up with such a search engine for digital maps is Klokan Technologies, a Swiss company who specialises in developing open-source software for the cultural and heritage sectors. Institutions such as the National Library of Scotland, The British Library and The David Rumsey Collection all use their services to make their antique map collections more accessible to a wider market.
It is this digitalisation and technology that has allowed small companies such as mine to bring antique maps to life. It has enabled Atlas & I to create our own online platform, allowing consumers to source an antique map to decorate their kitchens, embellish their living rooms and enhance their dining tables. For not only can maps now be reproduced in their original paper format but on clocks, placemats, cutting boards, cushions and ceramic tiles to name but a few, bringing a genuine piece of historical treasure into your home.
See the original blog article on the Ordnance Survey https://www.ordnancesurvey.co.uk/blog/2018/06/making-antique-maps-accessible/


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How is Continuing Healthcare assessed?
The main guidelines for NHS Continuing Healthcare – The National Framework guidelines – on page 25, paragraph 70, state:
"Standing Rules Regulations require a CCG [Clinical Commissioning Group] to take reasonable steps to ensure that individuals are assessed for for NHS Continuing Healthcare. in all cases where it appears that there may be a need for such care."
The assessment process
The assessment process generally starts with a Checklist, and you can read about the various stages of the Continuing Healthcare assessment process here.
The process should ideally begin as soon as a person needs full time care. If it does not, the person risks being means tested and told to pay for care before anyone has explored whether the NHS may have a duty to pay.
If you are already paying care fees – or your relative is in care and already paying – and you believe you may be eligible for Continuing Healthcare, you can ask a health and social care professional or a care home manager to arrange an assessment. It's important for family members to be involved in the assessment process and to be present at assessments.
If a person has a Checklist assessment carried out in hospital, and is shown to require a full multidisciplinary team assessment, the NHS is required to pay for care until the final funding decision has been made – even if the person is discharged from hospital in the meantime. (See the National Framework guidelines, page 25, paragraph 74.)
NHS Continuing Healthcare funding is available for full time care at home as well as in a care home.
Financial means-testing should never be part of the decision-making process about eligibility for NHS Continuing Healthcare. Budgetary considerations should also not influence eligibility decisions. It's about your health needs only.
One of the sticking points in many assessments for NHS Continuing Healthcare is the difference between a 'health' need and a 'social' need. Many of the case histories we receive from families indicate that health needs are sometimes played down in assessments and described as 'social care' needs – but this means the person needing care is more likely to be means tested. Examples of this were also highlighted in the BBC's File on 4 report: Continuing Healthcare – The Secret Fund on 18/11/14. If health needs are wrongly defined as social care needs, this could also put the local authority in an unlawful position.
NHS Continuing Healthcare assessment tools (forms)
The NHS uses three main 'tools' (forms) to carry out assessments for NHS Continuing Healthcare:
- Checklist – initial screening assessment
- Decision Support Tool (DST) – full assessment
- Fast Track Pathway Tool – for use in emergency cases or in the last stages of life
You can find links to all of these tools/forms – including a link to the revised National Framework for NHS Continuing Healthcare – on this page of the Gov.uk website:
However, these assessment tools are used with what many families feel are punitive eligibility criteria that seem to be designed to make it very difficult to qualify for NHS funding. It's vital to keep the Coughlan case in mind and the local authority legal limit.
Are you eligible for NHS Continuing Care?
The Checklist and the Decision Support Tool record health and care needs in 11 different categories, called care 'domains'. These are: Behaviour, Cognition, Psychological & Emotional needs, Communication, Mobility, Nutrition, Continence, Skin, Breathing, Drugs/Symptom Control, Altered States of Consciousness and (in the full assessment) a 12th domain: Other significant care needs.
Each domain is given a score. If you score enough in the Checklist, you go through to a full assessment with the Decision Support Tool. You'll find the page references showing the overall scores you need at each stage here.
If you have high enough scores in the full assessment you will qualify for Continuing Care funding. The assessors also consider the nature, complexity, intensity and unpredictability of all health needs – and this is where many families feel things can get very subjective.
Many families who have contacted us about their experiences with Continuing Healthcare report that the assessment process was not open or transparent and that the guidelines were not always followed. There are many pitfalls to be aware of – and many points you often need to argue to get a fair outcome.
Families also tell us that they are now increasingly asking their MPs to intervene to help resolve problems in the assessment process, and a number of MPs have also raised concerns about the process as a whole.
The Parkinson's UK report, 'Failing to Care', also highlights some of the problems.
The little-known fund that can cover complex care costs – BBC article about NHS Continuing Healthcare
Solicitor Simon Stone from Kingsley David Solicitors sums up so clearly how many people feel about the whole Continuing Care system:
"We use language to twist and wring-out the meaning [in the guidelines], leaving those in need, in need – desperate and knowing the injustice of a sophisticated, free country labelled 'civilised.' What gets me more than anything else is that at the high level of our national politics the principles are often, if not usually, sound – but once the grey suits get in, the sinister wringing-out takes over. Free care becomes less care becomes careless." Simon Stone, solicitor and senior partner at Kingsley David
Alternatively, read the interview transcript.
"We had so little time to put together our appeal for NHS funding, but the information you sent us meant we arrived at the meeting well-prepared and ready to put our case. Thank you so much. I know we couldn't have won without your help." Janet Spooner
119 Comments
Thank you so much for this wonderful website. It is a mine of information.
We were very unhappy with the assessment meeting for my mum with the chc assessor and social worker. The assessor's computer ran out of power and we were not able to review what had been written and cross reference domains. Am i entitled to ask to see a draft of the report? I have asked and been told I can only see my part of it when it goes to the ccg to be decided. I want to write a covering letter to include the cross referencing but as I do not know what was written that is hard.
Am I entitled to see a draft of the report and who do I speak to to apply for this?
Many thanks
Thoughts? Mum struggles to understand what is happening and agreed to an CHC/FNC assessment without knowing what it was. I got a copy of the consent form and after talking to mum she withdrew her consent as she wanted my support. The care home acknowledged consent was withdrawn before the assessment was due. I then arranged for a CHC checklist but when I turned up I was told it coouldn't happen because the one she withdrew her consent for had gone ahead anyway! Despite repeated emails from requesting an explanation and for a CHC checklist to happen with me present I've had no reponse or communcation from the CCG for 3 months. Suddenly, yesterday I get less than a weeks notice that the Checklist will be done. I've contacted them by email to say I need more notice and that mum would only consent if I was present for the assessment. I've been told if I'm not there it will happen anyway. Can this be right?
Update on this. Following an SAR they are now claiming their checklist was done within 24 hours of mum signing the form and just before I withdrew consent at her request Pretty sure everyone else's assessments in the home took place as scheduled the following week. The care home manager emailed me to say mum would be taken off the list for next week. Now I'm supposed to believe the care home manager didn't realise mums assessment had already happened that day. Assessment shows mum wasn't involved, no family present (at less than 24 hours notice that would have been impossible!). The comments / evidence are shocking. She apparently has fentanyl patches but doctors report shows she's allergic to Fentanyl, she has morphine. Even worse her immobility is apparently due to arthritis in both legs. It's actually because she had a corrosive dye injected which is eating away at her entire nervous system (arachnoiditus). A legally proven diagnosis because it was part of a class action court case. So basically, they changed the date on the paperwork to look like it wasn't done without consent and the "evidence" is the kind of rubbish they write when they don't bother to involve the patient or family in the assessment. Unbelievable.
I work in a busy social care community team & regularly attend Decision Support Tools (DST) & often quote the NHS framework, however it now appears this document may not assist me to support the individual or their family as a 'new criteria' is currently in use focusing on 'mechanical' aspects of individual needs.
I am confused with the 'mechanical' terminology & unclear how a legal document quoting a clear health criteria can be altered.
My query is should this change be adhered to, or am I as a council employee able to challenge the changes even if it is a locally agreed process?
Hi, I've just got a few questions. Firstly who should attend a Decision Support Tool (DST) meeting in a hospital as we have just had one and the only people in attendance was myself and wife, the district nurse doing the paper work and my mother in law's social worker. We had her medical notes, but I'm annoyed as after the meeting the district nurse was advised by the doctor that my mother in law needed general nursing even though she is in end-stage dementia.
Secondly I've seen stated that medical issues can be placed in every relevant section and yet at the meeting we were told they could only be placed in one even though the issue (pseudo seizures) were relevant in numerous areas.
Firstly, I would like to say thank you so much, not only for this site but for your book How To Get The NHS To Pay For Care which I have read and re-read and found extremely helpful. My mother is currently in hospital and we are having the Checklist Assessment on Thursday. I feel sure that she will be eligible for the Decision Support Tool (DST) assessment but not at all sure that she will be successful here. My question is this: she is having a PEG fitted today (she cannot swallow at all after her second stroke) and I have been told that she could be discharged imminently once this is in place. Should I insist that she stays in hospital until the DST has been done and any appeals finished or can she be moved into a nursing care home without any risk of being charged until after this time?
Hi, September 2016 my dad had an assessment in a Care Home, he was on 1:1 care because of the challenging behaviour, however he failed the test and i was told that he didn't fit the criteria. Then it only took a few weeks for him to then be bedbound and the lost ability to swallow etc. He should have had a second assessment but didn't, his needs was mainly focused on nursing care . Two months later he passed away. All the thousands of pounds that was paid every 4 weeks should be refunded. The problem is that the system is NOT fit for purpose as it crosses over from social services onto NHS. I've done letters, emails and many phone calls and got nowhere, my Mum is now in a care home with the same complaint, Dementia, and the refunds are needed to help pay for her Care. Any advice would be appreciated, I'm at the end of my tether.
What process should be followed for someone who is being reassessed for CHC funding? i.e. should the checklist be carried out first, etc. , or should the process be straight to full assessment. Our son's care home manager was told in a letter from the CCG that after a recent visit by them (which had not actually taken place) to send care notes, care plan and other information by email to the CCG for checking. The manager has now been informed that a assessment will now be carried out. Any help would be appreciated.
My mother is currently in a care home, she is unable to walk, talk, feed herself, go to the toilet and not on any solids.
We have asked about CHC funding and basically been told by the care home involved that my mother would definitely not fit the criteria for funding she currently pays £503 per week and has been in the care home about 2 1/2 to 3 years and we have never been told we could have asked for my mothers case to be reviewed.
Would anyone be able to help me?
Today I have been left confused with the whole process of Continuing Healthcare (CHC). I have been through the process before and was successful in gaining CHC for my Father, a long drawn out process with many mistakes made but ultimately we got what he needed. Today was for my Grandmother. She scored high in four domains including behaviour and cognition, moderate in the majority of others. The fact that she has a degenerative mental health condition was taken in to account and it was agreed that her needs will change in the near future. At the end of the meeting the nurse assessor said she was not recommending CHC, no particular reason for this. Having read the guidance I thought that she would be classed as eligible due to the scores in the domains and her condition deteriorating. Have I got this all wrong? I feel as though I can no longer make head nor tail of the guidance.
Should my dad be fast tracked because he has terminal prostate cancer and bone Mets, meets criteria for higher rate attendance allowance because he is not expected to live more than 6 months? He has 4 children and we are sharing a rota and are with him 24 hours a day because of frequent falls and to provide meals etc. He has social services carers twice daily but they are referring on because he is not able to be rehabilitated (they are the free service for 6 weeks). I think he scores high on checklist domains mobility and nutrition. Thanks for any advice.
I have a Decision Support Tool meeting for my mum soon. She's in nursing care and has dementia. High falls risk due to postural hypotension, 5 stone, needs 2 for transfers and walking due to falls risk, has seat sensor and is on 15 min observation chart re falls risk. She unpredictably tries to get up as forgets she shouldn't. Would this behaviour be classed as a challenging behaviour in behaviour domain or just reflected in cognition and mobility domains? Also what is passive non aggressive behaviour as mentioned in the behaviour domain? Thanks.
Firstly, thank you for the website it gives me hope in a sea of despair.
My Mum, 92, broke her hip in June, she did have vascular dementia but was living independently with carers popping in twice a day. This was self funded and more to keep an eye on her as she was fiercely independent.
Post op she is unable to weight bear, incontinent and her dementia is off the scale; no short term memory, no orientation to time and place and frequently frightened and anxious. She has to be hoisted from bed to chair and chair to wheelchair, she is very frail and her skin is like paper.
She was assessed in hospital as not meeting the Checklist criteria for further assessment. The community matron has just done a nursing assessment to establish if she qualifies for Funded Nursing Care (FNC). Her report states she would be suitable for a residential home with dementia awareness.
I disagree with her assessment but called several residential homes who all refuse to take my mother as she needs hoists, air mattresses, bed rails, commode, wheelchair and 2 carers to move.
I had a meeting with the social worker and community matron who keep saying that she does not qualify for FNC. The community matron has now agreed to do a Decision Support Tool (DST) at my insistence, but it sounds like she is going to do it on her own (with me present) and said she does hundreds of them and he knows my Mum will not qualify.
My question, who legally has to be present? Also, to qualify for FNC does the nursing care provided have to be given by registered nurses.
Thanks for your help ~ the system is appalling and designed to help the State, not the poor souls who it is meant to protect.
If a relative is awarded Continuing Healthcare but the amount awarded does not meet the costs of the current care situation, can the family top up to meet the costs or must the relative be moved to a lower cost home. If Continuing Healthcare is awarded but the result is that a move of care home is insisted upon, can the Continuing Healthcare payment be declined and the status quo reinstated?
You say above "you can ask a health and social care professional or a care home manager to arrange an assessment. " My mother has been in a care home for nearly 4 years. An assessment I believe took place in hospital following a stroke and she was deemed non-eligible. I believe that she now could be eligible but I am at a loss as to how to get an assessment done. I have approached her doctor and social services and both say that the other party is responsible. Can you please tell me who I should approach?
Firstly, thank you for maintaining this site – I'd be really grateful for your advice on our predicament. In a nutshell, after suffering a severe stroke and previously being an amazingly fit and mentally agile woman, my grandma died in 2007. Her hospital healthcare was lacking at best, and I am sure she was placed on the Liverpool Care Pathway without our consultation or knowledge, hampering any ability she may have had to make any kind of physical recovery – however she remained cognitively sharp and despite her communication issues post-stroke, she did seem to be 'there' most of the time. Anyway fast-forward to her being placed in a care home – my aunt was the family member geographically closest and therefore most involved in any care decisions. However, prior to my grandma's illness, she relied on her greatly to do everything for her – to the point that as my grandma became ill, my aunt lost her home and business, and had to move into my grandma's home. She is over 60 and has never been the most stable of individuals, and therefore I think now that she may have been involved in some of the decision making around my grandma's care, but was not in a position to make those decisions particularly well. Anyway as mentioned, my aunt lives in my grandma's house, and has done prior to and since her death. Grandma's will left the house to my aunt and myself and my cousins (sons cut out, long story…), and so ever since Grandma's death we have said that my aunt could remain in the house – our understanding was that the council could not force the house to be sold until such time as my aunt either died or had alternative accommodation. However now they are chasing outstanding monies for care, and we would have to sell the house to meet this, leaving my aunt homeless. She is practically a recluse, however the council have decided today (by talking to her through her letter-box), that she is completely compus mentis. I am wondering if the best course of action would be to contest the care home fees in the first place – I don't believe that any Checklist was completed to assess Grandma's Continuing Healthcare needs (indeed I'm not sure this was even in place in 2005?). My brother has had some conversations with a legal representative from the council, who told him that Grandma signed a DPA (then a HASSASSA)- which was completely unbeknown to any of us. Apparently it is quite normal that no-one else would be involved in that….I had LPA at the time so I'm not sure this is accurate? Anyway, I'm sorry that's an enormous amount of information and a big question – but is there any point in me trying to unpick the course of action taken by the council at the time or do you think we ought to leave it and concentrate instead on getting my aunt the help she clearly needs?
My mum had DST today and i had done my homework and was very familiar with the domains. We had collected a lot of evidence and although I had to argue a few of them into the right category, she finished with 1 severe, 3 highs and a number of moderates. The MDT agreed to all of this and then said they wouldn't recommend the funding as her needs were not unpredictable due to her needs been well managed and anticipated in her care home. I pointed out that a need should not be marginalized and it is still a need no matter how well managed it is. They ignored this. I know I can appeal but isn't it just our opinion against theirs? How can I prove it? They will claim, as they did today, that her needs are not complex as they are easily managed by the care hone staff, and they are not unpredictable. Many of the domains have an impact in other domains so I assert her needs are complex and it is only because staff can manage her through knowing her so well that her needs are not unpredictable. She is doubly incontinent and sometimes refuses her medication and can be resistant to personal care so, in my mind this adds the unpredictable element. I am at a loss as to what to do next as they have made it clear that even though she scored highly they will refuse it on these grounds anyway.
Thanks for your earlier advice. I have followed up on the matter of family attendance to observe the MDT and I have been told family are not allowed to attend. Previously families were allowed but this has been stopped as it was a 'mistake'. My issue is transparency as I found the domain levels were altered after the DST without explanation. Although there was disagreement on some domains, the DST went with the majority vote in line with the framework. I would have though 6 votes for one domain as opposed to 3 for lower domain was pretty clear. What rights do we have to insist that family is included? I do not have a copy of the CCG panel (MDP) that met to ratify the decision as appareny there was disagreement at the MDT. I am not confusing MDT and MDP as implied by the CCG but the CCG has evaded providing the MDP on this basis.
Alan Chapman my partner suffered a major stroke last November he is blind in the left eye and paralysed down the left side,on February 1st he went into a nursing home for the rest of his life,he is 77years old,he had the nhs continuing care checklist done by social services and didn't come close to securing it,he has to be looked after 24/7 ,he is doubly incontenant and has to be hoisted from bed to chair and chair to bed, I would be very interested in your comments.
Thank you so much for the most helpful response to my my queries. My continued requests for a copy of the completed DST are met with a range of unacceptable excuses. My enquiries about my exclusion from the MDT and correct start date have also been ignored.
My son, who lacks capacity, was assessed for CHC and was successful. I would appreciate clarificaton on a couple of points:
1. I attended the DST but was not allowed to observe the MDT despite being previously told I could observe .
2 I have received a decision letter 8 weeks after DST/MDT but no copies of DST/MDT
so I have no idea how the decision was reached.
3.The funding will be paid from one week after the DST/MDT NOT backdated to day 29 after the original Checklist was received by the NHS.
My husband has terminal cancer with a 2 – 5 month life expectancy, he recently returned home from hospital before a CHC assessment was carried out. Social services sent out a financial assessor but she said she could not make a decision on funding because we didn't have a record of some premium bonds purchased about 40 years ago amounting to £3.00.
Fortunately our Isabel Hospice nurse is fighting our corner and has been in contact with social services and the district nurse to get m y husband fast tracked, but it has been extremely frustrating at what is a very stressful time for us both.
My mother fell and broke her hip whilst in a nursing home. Unfortunately when she was discharged from hospital back to the care home a CHC checklist was not carried out. This was presumably because she was discharged to a home where her needs could be met. Since her return she has becoming increasingly in need of one to one care. I have asked the social worker, her GP and the care home for a CHC checklist to be carried out. All advised that I would need to request one from the CCG. I emailed my request on 4th May and, after a further phone call as I had not received acknowledgement, I received the relevant forms which I returned on 20th May. As I again received no communication to say the forms had been received I phoned to check that they had arrived safely. I was told that they had arrived but the assessment request is now on an 8 month waiting list! Surely this is outside the National Framework guidelines. I would like some advice about whether it is reasonable to accept this long wait and what to do next.
I've noticed something odd in the feedback from the NHS on how they scored the DST evidence used in my mother's unsuccessful retrospective full assessment. In the MDP's comments on Intensity they said "…there was no evidence to suggest that there was an intense level of health need throughout a 24 hour period." . Under Unpredictability the MDP said "… health needs were met routinely and did not present as unpredictable throughout a 24 hour period …" . I can see nothing in the National Framework to support reliance on a 24 hour period and this looks like a separate and specific criterion being employed in place of the judgement of the MDP.
As I was dissatisfied with the level of reasoning given for the decision not to award funding I wrote back to the NHS asking for a clear rationale for their decision. What I got back was limited only to the Behaviour domain (where the family view was Priority and the MDP's was High) but included the following gem : "… behaviour did not escalate to a level that required skilled intervention 24 hours a day in a Nursing Home for Elderly People with Dementia/Mental Health problems or 1 to 1 care."
I understand that these words are wrong in several ways but, most significantly, this confirms in my mind that the CCG is using a separate set of criteria for evaluating evidence. These criteria do not appear in the National Framework, or any other source that I have been able to find, and set a very high and inappropriate bar for funding.
Any criteria used should be used consistently by every CCG in the country, should originate from the NHS centrally and should be available to, and understood by, the public. It is not a level playing field if we spend days and weeks trying to justify our loved ones 'needs around the generalised descriptions for domain weightings as shown in the National Framework if this can then be ignored by the NHS who have their own secret definitions.
My father in law was recently reviewed for the assessment and myself and my husband were present. They did not discuss which score they put against all the questions they asked- is this the correct way of going about this? Also they mentioned that they could not conclude the assessment on the day and would have to go back to it because they would like to get a full report from my father in law's psychologist- we are not too sure what is the best way of going about this to make sure we are being kept in the loop. He had previously had an assessment which we didn't get but didn't know at the time that we could have appealed as they hadn't involved us.
My great Aunt was diagnosed with Alzheimer's over a year ago, and two months ago was hospitalised with pneumonia. Once she had recovered, her social worker and hospital doctors made the decision that she was not capable of looking after herself even with the social care that she was previously receiving in her own home. Her Alzheimer's is so bad that she does not eat or drink without bring constantly encouraged to do so – she actually does not drink or eat too much, as she refuses to take sustenance most of the time. Before she left hospital my family requested for an assessment be made for Continuing Healthcare, as we had heard about this from a friend. At first we were told that this could be done, and that it would be sent away for consideration. Nearly two months on, and we had not heard anything… Then the hospital mentioned that her records had been filed and that the assessment had not been sent away… After a couple more weeks of
requesting for this to be chased up, the hospital now says that my Aunt does not even apply for the assessment due to her condition not being severe enough. I am annoyed that it seemingly feels as if somebody at the
hospital has made this decision, almost as if they just don't want to do it. How do I check that we are being treated fairly? My Aunt has Alzheimer's, which I agree is a disease not normally directly life threatening… However, it's not just that she forgets family names and faces, but we were told by the doctors that her illness blocks her own need for sustenance… Her brain basically doesn't remind her that she has to
eat and drink – the consequence of which, without continual encouragement is of course very severe. Is there any advice that you can give how to approach this situation…? Do we have the right to demand that an assessment is made? And make sure that my Aunt's rights are fairly met…
I would like to give you a huge thank you for all the information on this website, which meant that we had no battle at all to fight, since we were armed with the right info.
My mother in law was in hospital and the level of care she now needed towards the end of her life meant that her care home were unable to take her back and she needed to go to a nursing home. The hospital were pressing us to get on and arrange this. CHC was never mentioned, the clear assumption being that she would be funding it herself.
When we visited her care home to tell them that Mum would not be returning to their (wonderful) care, the manager said 'in that case she should qualify for CHC'. We'd never even heard of CHC, and it had not been mentioned by anyone at the hospital.
That evening I did some research and tripped over your website. By the morning (let's call it day 1), I had an official-looking red folder labelled 'Continuing Healthcare' containing lots of printouts from the site, and knew what I needed to do. When we got to the hospital that day, I waved the folder about and asked who I needed to speak to and within an hour the initial assessment was done. It then needed to be signed off by a doctor as 'fast track'. We were initially promised this would be done, then told that she was not fast track. By day 3 we had a doctor saying that she should be fast track (this was key, and without your advice I would not have pushed so hard at every doctor we saw). On day 4, she was signed off as fast track, and we advised of our preferred nursing home. Days 5/6/7 were almost no action, but she was still due to be discharged on day 11. We steadfastly refused to engage in any of the discussion between the hospital and nursing home on funding. By day 8 the nursing home were saying that without the appropriate funding paperwork fully completed they would not take her on day 11. Magically, on the afternoon of day 8, she was assessed and CHC was agreed. Day 11 is today, and a couple of hours ago Mum was transferred to her nursing home.
Thanks so much for all the info, we couldn't have done it without you!
Hi. My mum has recently been assessed for NHS funding. She was found to have a number of moderate and high needs from the DST assessment but has been refused funding by the assessor as it appears her needs don't meet the 'primary' need and therefore are only classed as 'normal' nursing needs. Is this right???
Angela, your website is exceptional and provides an enormous wealth of information even for professionals like me who work within the NHS.
I am in a similar position to many others who have commented on your articles and information but I wondered whether you had any info for the guidelines in Wales as they are set up differently to NHS England and do not appear to have CCGs or work according to framework guidelines or indeed the Care Act.
I am trying to get my home from hospital at present and she does have ongoing health care needs which are her primary needs. The hospital recognise this and state she would be entitled to 4 visits per day (organised by social services) but there is no facility in the whole Pembrokeshire Wales that accounts for 24 hour nursing care ( my mum is currently bed bound and requires turning throughout the night). The night care, the hospital have said we will have fund entirely. She has not had any assessments as yet, but I will be challenging every step of the assessment process.
Do you have any info on the differences between guidelines in England and Wales? Many thanks for an excellent website of factual and information insights. Belinda
I am starting this, seems like reading the comments, journey for my 80 year old father. At the beginning of February he suffered a severe stroke. He's still in hospital, and is in bad shape, mental faculties destroyed. Bed bound, unable to stand, let alone walk, catheterised and constantly tears off his colostomy bag, which he has had for the last seven years or so from suffering and recovering from bowel cancer. In all my bravery and good intentions, there is only 24 hour nursing care home for him. I was supposed to meet the social worker in the last meeting in the hospital on my father, hoping for advice, and for a CHC assessment to be done as soon as possible, which I read is after he enters nursing care home, but the social worker for some un-given reason didn't turn up. Not an auspicious start. Another meeting is set up for next week, but this time I will phone the social service's caseworker dealing with my father's case beforehand. From a person that could mostly cook for himself, look after his personal needs most of time, look after his finances, to how he is now which happened overnight, it is obvious to me he qualifies, especially as I went though the checklist, a copy of I have obtained. I will see how the local health board of NHS Wales deals with this. I will comment again in a couple of weeks when things have moved on.
Best wishes, Huw.
My partner is at the complex stage of Parkinson's disease and in need of moving to a care home soon. I rang the CCG where we currently live and asked for the assessment. I told the officer that the care home he intended to move in would be in a different town. She then replied that I would have to contact CCG there for the assessment.
So I rang that CCG for the same request. However, they told me to contact another Continuing Health Care Team for the matter. So I did. The answer they gave was that they needed an assessment referral from his GP first. Without that they couldn't do anything. What have I done wrong?
Dad is eligible since Feb 2015 for CHC. He was evicted from an EMI nursing home in Nov 2015. Dad is carerd for at hone, 24/7 by my 77yr old mum – CHC provide a 2.5hrs a day package, which is a case of 2 carers 4x to provide personal care- hoist from bed to chair/chair to bed and change his pad. Mum spoon feeds him, which can take an hour, gives him his Ensure drinks and fluid and sits with him to try to calm him (Alzheimer's, vascular and psychosis). Dad has no mental capacity. He's very vocal – screams/shouts, argues with his mind. CHC have told us the care in place is the MAX they'll provide. 2.5hrs a day. Mum needs a break. No EMI will accept my Dad because he aint no easy patient! They don't/ won't cover 24hr in his home because he needs nursing care. And that's only available in a nursing home. My mum aint no nurse? SO! where do we go from here?! (CHC is fully funded but what they fund is what suits them.) The system is full of pass the buck – and so very corrupt.
I receive CHC funding for myself, I am unable to weight bear so need to be hoisted plus have no use of one arm. I have a supra pubic catheter, need a CPAP Machine overnight and I am diabetic so need injections twice a day + lots of other meds, which I can't do myself. I have been given a set weekly budget and have to employ staff , they won't let me use self employed staff. I wake up 3/4 times at night and need care but the staff normally get paid for a sleeping night. Recently I realised that you should add up a carer's monthly wage then divide it by the number of hours worked and it should come to National Minimum Wage per hour or above. My carers' does not, so now if I pay my carers NMW I can't afford 24hr care. My Mum thinks they haven't based it on 24hr care, if this is true what do I need to prove I need 24hr care and to get the funding increased? I really hope you can help me, thanks Sharon
My mum had a checklist done in hospital last week by an assessor who knew nothing about my mum. I was present and gave her the medical history as mum has extensive historical and current physical and mental medical needs. She has just been diagnosed with incurable cancer and the consultant has recommended palliative care. Mum scored 5As including several A*s. The assessor would not give me a copy of the checklist we had completed and I had to jump through hoops to get a copy several days later. I was then shocked to discover the assessor had changed the checklist pages and scores after we met and before it was sent off to the CHC department. Nevertheless mum still had 2As one of which was an A*. I expected to get a MDT meeting, however, I was contacted by phone yesterday by the CHC department who told me they had spoken to a senior nurse and because of what she had said mum now has no As and does not qualify for a full assessment!!!! How can they change the checklist subsequently and disregard all the info I gave them which can be verified with her medical records. Neither mum nor I have received a letter explaining clearly the screening out so I don't know what to do next. The discharge team are now itching for discharge, but I am worried if I move mum to a nursing home all is lost and she will have to bear the cost of the fees and we can not appeal against this decision.
My mother-in-law is suffering from dementia and has been in a care home for over a year. I have only just heard about CHC funding and understood the implications. I have found your website enormously helpful in arriving at this understanding, thank you! My mother-in-law received a letter from the CCG dated 3 March 2015 saying that a CHC needs checklist had been completed and this indicated that a full continuing healthcare assessment was not required, although at the time we did not appreciate the full implications of that. She was not given a copy of the checklist. However, we feel that her condition has deteriorated since then and we would like to ask for another checklist to be completed, the previous one was presumably completed last February. Are we entitled to ask for this (we have Financial Lasting Power of Attorney)? If so, what is the procedure?
Thank you for all the hard work put into trying to inform people about what is a complicated and confusing process.
Please could you tell me, once CHC funding has been granted, who is eligible to be a carer?
I know most people are interested in elderly care, but if it's someone who is younger (20's/30's) who has qualified for CHC funding and is entitled to full time, 24h live in care at home can they have anyone as their carer… A spouse, family member, friend etc, or does it have to be someone unrelated?
If they've been assessed as requiring a certain level of care I assume that it doesn't matter who it is that provides that care because the need doesn't change?
I've looked everywhere and can't find any concrete information on this, or anything that is very specific in saying that if a spouse were to become a carer then the level of CHC funding would be reduced due to 'expectations' of what a spouse should/would be expected to do!
Any help or advice you can offer would be most greatly appreciated!
Thank you.
We fought for and were awarded CHC funding for my dad in July 2015.
All I can say is read everything that you can get your hands on that is linked to CHC and don't let Social Workers or anyone else in a similar professional position put you off fighting! I found Care to be Different particularly informative and helpful.
It was a battle, but it was one worth fighting for!
Good luck everyone!
I am still fighting my appeal for mum's retrospective CHC. The CHC body has agreed to a retrospective appeal for when mum went into the nursing home – she has not won it but they are at least looking at it.
My main concern is my mother's behaviour is as bad as it was when I was caring for her at home from 2002. Nobody from Social Services advised me she could be entitled to CHC, and I am sure somewhere I have read it is Social Services duty to put someone forward for CHC assessment if behaviour issues are involved with the dementia.
Social Services are saying it is down to the GP at the time and the Older Person's Mental Health Team to decide this. My mother was never assessed by the Older Person's Mental Health Team;
"With this in mind, your mother would not have been eligible for the Free Nursing Care contribution as her medical input was provided through the GP surgery. I do not have access to her health records but they would have referred to Continuing Health Care if they felt that your mother had needs that were primarily a health need. "
Social Services are saying mum was assessed in 2005 by the Ward Team and Social Services but do not say what for.
I am sure this is rubbish and she should have been assessed when the Framework started, however, I can find little information as to who legally has to make the recommendation for CHC. Can you please advise? Many thanks and Happy New Year.
My 93 year old father has been in hospital for 4 weeks. He was admitted with severe confusion, complications with his diabetes and a chest infection. His medical needs were quickly dealt with and the doctor explained to us that he had vascular dementia and sadly my sister would no longer be able to care for him at home.
He is currently resident in Somerset but we as a family have decided he would be better in a nursing home in Birmingham as there are more family members to visit him.
So my question involves different health authorities really as Somerset are insisting that Birmingham will assess him when we find a home here – but surely a home won't accept him without funding in place? Basically they seem to want to get rid of him without doing the CHC assessment which I don't think is right.
Any help gratefully received!
Brilliant website by the way, as we have realised that anyone dealing with elderly care seem to have to be experts in dementia and the way social services run overnight so all info useful!
My husband has Lewy Body Dementia and this time last year, was sectioned under section 3 because of his aggressive behaviour. He was well enough to come home earlier this year under section 117. His Parkinson's symptoms have become apparent since October; he was taken ill in November and has been in hospital for the last month. Thankfully he is well again now, and due to come home. However, his Parkinson's symptoms have increased at such an alarming rate that he is now bed bound, doubly incontinent and needs help with washing, shaving, eating and has to be turned every four hours – in fact, 24 hour care. I've been told (by the ward sister and OT) that plans are taking place for him to have two carers four times a day, as I didn't want him to go into a nursing home and that paperwork is being prepared for a Continuing Healthcare funding assessment. My question is; does being under section 117 have any bearing on the outcome and are any of his medical notes of the time leading up to him being sectioned, included in his Continuing Healthcare assessment.
My mother has had 3 assessments for CHC funding. She has severe dementia and is in a nursing home. Although her health hasn't changed substantially the levels in the various domains have been different at each DST meeting. At the last one she was found to have one severe, 3 high, 3 moderate and 2 low. Although they said the levels of need met the criteria for funding in their view the complexity of care required to meet the need did not as she could be managed with one qualified nurse. So it seemed that the hours of deliberating over the levels in the various domains is a waste of time if they are going just dismiss this by saying that the care she required is not complex enough to justify funding
Hi Carole,
I have just stumbled across your comment and it mirrors my mothers assessment although they added she was a borderline case! I was just wondering whether you took your case any further and if so the outcome. My assessor has extended the assessment period for a further 2 weeks to allow the home to try and boost her calorie intake, to put on weight, by offering additional Oral Nutritional Supplements. She is weighing 45 kg. if she puts on weight no recommendation. This is part of managing her nutritional needs but it's still a serious underlying need. The whole system is so biased!
I'm just currently in the process of writing my section in the LHNA (Individual's Carer's or Advocate's Perception of Needs section) for my father who will be going into a nursing home and also in the DPT. Do you have any useful links to help me complete this as I don't know where to begin.
Thank you
I have a different question to most on the site. I was very happy with the assessment which I went through with the staff. It seemed a good process – until we totted up the scores and looked at the whether my mum was eligible.
The sheet that defined eligibility or not was in a different typeface to the rest and had no page numbering . The DST seems universal and I can find it on the internet but the sheet that says you need to have 1 priority and 2 severe to get the care funding I can find nowhere. Is it possible that different areas require different score to achieve the funding?
My mum has just been given CHC fully funded. We do not want her in a nursing home, she has lived with us for 20 years in a flat on the side of our house. Can we have 24 hour nursing care here in her own flat? She does need 24 hour care, she is 93 and has dementia and medical problems. They have sent us details of 2 homes in the area, both of which we have seen and are suitably unimpressed! My mum's family are everything to her and she needs to be next to us. She is currently in hospital.
What a fantastic website. Thanks so much!
My mother has dementia and various psychological and physicsl health needs. She was discharged from hospital last week where the care was appalling – whilst an inpatient she acquired a bedsore which continues to need treatment by the district nurse, her benzodiazepines and anti psychotic medication were stopped abruptly and I have spent countless hours trying to sort out her medication with the GP etc. (I was a mental health nurse for many years ).
She has been placed in a carehome which accepts social service funded rates. The carers are generally kind but extreme staff shortages have meant that in less than a week we have had to make 2 complaints(we found her in a chair in her room , virtually unrousable , wearing no underwear, no incontinence pad and soaked in urine. We also witnessed another resident on the floor calling for help and even when we told a carer they did not come for 5 minutes. This has resulted in a
safeguarding referral.)
In short, my mother's condition has been made worse and she now needs more care than before and we would like her to be transferred to better home, possibly a nursing home.
Her social worker says she is not eligible for CHC funding. I have completed the checklist myself and disagree . I will download the Decision support tool and have a look at that asap.
Her social worker also tells me that I have no legal right to act on her behalf in such issues because
the Enduring Power of Attorney completed several years ago does not include the 'welfare element'. A solicitor had advised me that this is untrue. Is it ?
What a difficult, confusing process!
Thanks again
My Husband was diagnosed with C.B.D last July. He has been ill for 3 years. He cannot talk except odd words, hold a pen to write, walk unaided only a few steps, feeds with food cut in small pieces with a spoon. I shower, shave, clean his teeth, dress and undress him. He has an Ileostomy and a Catheter to be cared for. He has Angina and C.O.P.D. I am happy to care for him 24/7.
What worries me is a social worker has informed me that unless I get paid-for carers I will not be able to apply for C.H.C. My Husband gets very agitated with strangers. I would appreciate your help.
Hello, thank you for the information on your website. My mother-in-law has advanced dementia and is currently in a home. She has had an assessment and has been given one severe, two high and three moderate but was refused CC. I am appealing (meeting tomorrow) as they have not classed as immobile which clearly she is (bed bound and contracture a for 4 years). They said because they can move her she is not classed as Imobile, do you have any advice on this? Many thanks.
I have bought your book and am finding it very useful so far. I have a question on the initial Continuing Healthcare Checklist:
Whilst it is being completed by the medical staff do they have an obligation to let you know which score (A, B or C) they are selecting as they work their way through the checklist? Or do you only find this out at the end?
Or to put it another way, do they say, "we feel C" for this category, and do you as the patient's representative get to put your case for B say?
NHS continuing healthcare is the name given to a package of care that is arranged and funded solely by the NHS for individuals who are not in hospital and have been assessed as having a primary health need . Where is NHS continuing healthcare provided?
Hi Gina, I'm a senior nurse who completed Decision Support Tools (DST) every day so am happy to guide you through the process. They're not asking you to fill in the DST but instead the application form for consideration, which is a minefield!!
What I would suggest doing is looking through a DST, which you can access online by typing into Google: DST CHC, and look at each of the 12 domains and the guidance specifically point 21 on pg11 and point 31 on pg14-15. These domains and are broken down into categories – you'll see these listed from 'Behaviour' onwards.
In order to meet the criteria for funding your grandmother would have had to meet the criteria that the nurses assess for as described in point 31. For example if you look under the domain of Continence, there will be different categories which means that she had: No needs – in which case she could manage her own toiling and was completely continent; Low – means she had some incontinence but this was managed with regular toileting from carers or medication; Moderate – means she could have been doubly incontinent, had frequent urinary tract infections, or needed constipation managing; High – means that her continence was problematic and she required frequent bladder washouts or frequent catheterisation. Each year is separated and scored, so don't be surprised if she is found eligible for one year but not another. You would only get funding for the 'positive' years. We have to complete the DST with input from a social worker (who has to agree with the level of care decided) and then the report goes to a senior assessor and then finally once you have had a draft to comment on, it will go to a panel to make the final decision. We write a recommendation of eligibility based on the outcome of the scores. If there is enough evidence then we make a positive recommendation, but sometimes the nursing home's records are dire or we don't have any nursing home notes and can only use the application form. Because it's so difficult to fill in – people don't know what to write and it makes a huge difference when there are no nursing records!
So when you look through your grandmother's records (care plans & risk assessments can be better) they will tell you what level of care she needed and you then match it up to the category. So for continence there will be a care plan that states how she was during the year. The nurse will look through all other records and extract the information that correlates to the dates within the positive year. The downside being that if it is not written down in the care plans or notes, we cannot state that it happened. For example a lot of carers write: continence care carried out. This is not specific enough as we cannot state without doubt that the individual was doubly incontinent. The care plan will state specifically what level of care your grandmother needed and you can document this in the application. Most of the time the care plans are good, but the daily records are poor. There is usually enough in the care pans for us to extract to make a case or we can go on the application form. If you record that grandma was completely unable to weight bear and we have no care records to prove otherwise, then we take your word that it happened.
Don't worry too much about lots of detail in the application form. Just records bullet points such as:
Mrs xxxx took over an hour to eat.
Mrs xxxx required medication administering.
Use the DST categories to guide you on what you write. You will get a copy of the draft DST to comment on and it will down to the panel to make that decision.
I appreciate that this is complicated, it's taken me a good few years working in CHC to get the gist of how it all works. Basically, a DST is there to establish a high level of care need that is outside of the care that social services would fund. Good luck!!
Help needed! My grandma died in a home in 2013, since then we have come to the decision that her care needs were not met and we do not think she should have had to pay for her care. I have phoned numerous help lines and I have been told to fill in the Decision Support Tool document. I have all the daily records and paperwork from her care home but I do not understand how I am qualified to fill this form in? How do I circle what level of need she has? From reading the paperwork no assessments have been carried out on my grandma despite the care home requesting assessments. If anyone could give me any guidance on what we need to do I would be very grateful!
Additional piece of detail I forgot to mention in original post:-
– staff doing assessment stated that she should go into a care home rather than home because she needed constant nursing care
Advice / thoughts pls. My mother has a history of mini strokes and was taken into hospital on 9/6. Decision toolkit has been undertaken and apparently doesn't qualify for CHC; this is despite the assessment showing a) she is bedfast and immobile b) doubly incontinent and needs bed changing every 2 hrs in hospital c) she is on puréed food and drinks have to have thickening fluid added to prevent choking and has to be fed as she cannot feed herself d) cannot communicate with people to tell them her needs. If she doesn't qualify for CHC I'm not sure who will. Am I being biased? I'm appealing when I get copy of the report, which surprisingly hasn't been provided to us yet.
My father in law, was assessed a few months ago for CHC however we were told he didn't meet the criteria. He was discharged from hospital into a nursing home but unfortunately became poorly and was re-admitted into hospital through A & E 3 weeks ago, another CHC assessment was done without our knowledge and again they say he doesn't meet the criteria even though his circumstances have changed .He is blind, had 2 strokes and his epilepsy is worse, he is on sedation daily because he is very agitated and at risk of falls, he has one to one care in the hospital. The nursing home he was in have said they can't meet his care needs and he needs EMI care. We believe he should qualify for CHC.
My mother-in-law went through the CHC Checklist process just before hospital discharge and a full assessment was recommended. A DST meeting has been arranged in the care home where she is now resident: should the MDT assessment (which I, as her LPA, will naturally attend) be before or after this DST meeting (which, it would appear, is being conducted by one person, a CHC Nurse Assessor)?
I have come across your BRILLIANT site and thus so much reading to do etc as well as enquiries to make as my mum has been in a care home now having been admitted under the Mental Health Act (due to confusion/wandering). She needs 24 hour care, 2 nurses etc as she has Dementia. The local Council Authority have taken out approx £20,000 over a 3 1/2 year period from the bank account This equates to just about what mum had in finances and not much more is left in her pot of money. I understood that an individual was to be left with a certain amount financially?? If anyone knows this £ figure please can you let me know. Whatever, I now need to make enquiries into this 24 hour CHC. Thank you Angela for your information. More people need to be informed and made aware of how all this care home business and fees work. Thank You.
I am worried I am not going to be of any help with my mums assessment next week. I often feel kept in the dark about most decisions and mum has being paying full costs since she needed care. What can I do to help with the assessment , how can I influence the decision ?
If your mother is assessed as being eligible for Continuing Health Care (CHC) this is provided free of charge by the state. If it is EMI care in a nursing home, she will have to pay for the care if her finances/assets are over the threshold, (currently £23,250). [****See editor's note under this comment] If her finances are under that amount, her local council will pay. Some councils have a set maximum rate they will pay for such care and if you choose an expensive, five star care home, you would certainly be asked to top up the fees. However, the council cannot force you to pay for or contribute to your mother's care fees; it is not your responsibility. If you cannot, or do not want to top up the care fees for the better care home, then your only course of action is to accept a care home whose rates are acceptable by the local council. Your council will have a list of care homes which will accept their rates and if you are happy for your mother to reside in one of their homes, the council will fully fund this themselves.
Hello Mrs Gee. So if your mum requires a nursing home and she is in care home the district nurses should do a CHC checklist in which will show whether she qualifies for a DST, which is a 38 paged healthcare assessment and this may outline if she qualifies for some NHS funding or any sort which could help her in her care home setting from a funding point of view.
My mum was discharged from hospital about 7 weeks ago and put into an EMI nursing home as the social worker who did 2 assessments on her in hospital said that she couldn't go home as we would not be able to cope with her and that she couldn't go into a normal residential home as she needed 24 hour nursing care. We have been waiting for a financial assessment to be done and for the social worker to sort things out for us; she has now told us that my mum has only been awarded £120.00 per week towards her care and that we have to find the rest. After reading your website I am not sure that this is the case though as she said that mum needed 24 hour nursing care?? We have had a solicitor's advice and he says that the NHS should fund this. I dont think she has had an NHS assessment but i am going to ask for one. Our social worker has not been good at all and it's such alot of stress. Can you suggest anything else that we can do??


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Wondering if I should purchase this app, could someone help me understand whether I can do the following?
* I've created a kml and kmz in Google Earth by importing an image, scaling, and rotating it to line up with the outline of a lake
* I need an app that I can import that kml or kmz into, and show the overlay. The app also needs to be able to show my location in real time without refreshing, as I navigate by moving around.
*Alternately, if the app can import an image, and scale and rotate that image while being partially transparent so that I can line up the shoreline, that would work.
If I purchase this app, will it have the features I need? Thanks in advance!


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