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The Infinite Book: A Short Guide to the Boundless, Timeless and Endless by John D. Barrow
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Albert Einstein, Andrew Wiles, anthropic principle, Arthur Eddington, cosmological principle, dark matter, Edmond Halley, Fellow of the Royal Society, Georg Cantor, George Santayana, Henri Poincaré, Isaac Newton, mutually assured destruction, Olbers' paradox, prisoner's dilemma, Ray Kurzweil, short selling, Stephen Hawking, Turing machine
The information conveyed by the words 'the statement T is true' is different from that contained in the statement T itself. Chapter five The Madness of Georg Cantor 1. (1888–1973) US naturalist and environmental activist http://www.melodyonline.com/quotes2.htm 2. A. Christie, An Autobiography, HarperCollins, London, 1998. 3. Quoted in E. Schechter, Handbook of Analysis and its Foundations, Academic, New York, 1998. 4. J. Dauben, Georg Cantor, Princeton University Press, 1990, p. 1. 5. Photograph of Leopold Kronecker, c. 1885, copyright © akg-images. 6. D. Burton, History of Mathematics, 3rd edn, Wm. C. Brown, Dubuque, IA, 1995, p. 593. 7. Dauben, Georg Cantor, p. 134. 8. Ibid. 9. Ibid., p. 135. 10. Ibid., p. 136. 11. Ibid., p. 147. 12. Letter 15 Feb 1896 to Esser, H. Meschkowski, Arch.
Alas, within mathematics the story was quite different, as we shall see. chapter five The Madness of Georg Cantor 'To be listened to is a nearly unique experience for most people. It is enormously stimulating. Man clamors for the freedom to express himself and for knowing that he counts.' Robert C. Murphy 1 CANTOR AND SON 'I continued to do arithmetic with my father, passing proudly through fractions to decimals. I eventually arrived at the point where so many cows ate so much grass, and tanks filled with water in so many hours. I found it quite enthralling.' Agatha Christie2 Cantor & Co. was a successful international wholesale business, and as a result young Georg Cantor was one of six children who grew up in comfortable circumstances, attending good private schools in Frankfurt.
The Norwegian Academy has recently created an international prize for mathematics, to rival the Swedish Academy's long-standing Nobel Prizes in science, literature, economics and peace, called the Abel Prize in honour of Niels Abel (1802–29); it rhymes nicely with Nobel and has similar monetary value. The first winner, in 2003, was French mathematician J.P. Serre. 18. Photograph of Georg Cantor with his wife, Vally, c. 1880, reproduced from Joseph Warren Dauben, Georg Cantor: His Mathematics and Philosophy of the Infinite, Harvard University Press, 1979. 19. F. Hutcheson (1694–1746), Inquiry into the Original of Our Ideas of Beauty and Virtue, J. Darby, London, 1720, II, iii. 20. This proviso is to remove the ambiguity created by decimals that end with recurring 9's. By eliminating decimal expansions that end in zeros, 27/100 is 0.26999 . . . not 0.27000. . . . 21.
Infinite Ascent: A Short History of Mathematics by David Berlinski
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Alan Turing: On Computable Numbers, with an Application to the Entscheidungsproblem, Albert Einstein, Andrew Wiles, Benoit Mandelbrot, Douglas Hofstadter, Eratosthenes, four colour theorem, Georg Cantor, Gödel, Escher, Bach, Henri Poincaré, Isaac Newton, John von Neumann, Murray Gell-Mann, Stephen Hawking, Turing machine, William of Occam
The notation encompasses all of the elementary mathematical acts. But neither my own verbal gestures, nor any table of examples, succeed in providing what is really needed, and that is a moment of complete intellectual clarity, circumstances that may be read backward into the late seventeenth century, as Leibniz used one concept that he could not precisely define to explore other concepts that he could not precisely see. Two centuries were to pass before Georg Cantor was to discover the words that in 1684 Leibniz lacked; during all that time, mathematicians continued to use functions of the most remarkable variety, indifferent to their own inability to capture the concept completely. What follows is thus an exercise in anachronism. I am explaining what Leibniz thought as he would have wished to have thought it; in this way, the calculations that he imagined were easy to explain turn out against every expectation to be easy to explain.
The era of the stolid professor has commenced, almost every important mathematician in the years between 1850 and 1900 draping his well-upholstered bottom into a university chair and from those chairs controlling access to the learned journals and the ebb and flow of graduate students and disciples. Dissertations perish in their committees. If mathematics had since the death of Euler in 1785 lost something of its untamed rhapsodic aspect, what it gained was something even more considerable—intellectual mass, soberness, organization, discipline, self-confidence. All eyes on Berlin, of course. Let me interrupt myself to ask: Is a crack-up coming? And to answer: Of course it is. Georg Cantor was born in St. Petersburg in 1845 and spent the first eleven years of his life in the rich, warm, syrupy Russian milieu made accessible by his father's success as a shrewd merchant. When, in 1856, his father moved his family to Wiesbaden in Germany, Cantor acquired a second language and so a second culture, but he retained throughout his life the notably dreamy disposition of a man inhabiting a larger imaginative space than his tidy German surroundings might have suggested.
His father had thought that his son might become an engineer, a profession that like medicine occupied the middle ground between the practicalities of Geschäft and the rapture of mathematics. The idea filled Cantor with dismay. He won his father's permission to study mathematics, the exchange between the two men, far from being a tense domestic drama, apparently marked instead by the mutual tenderness of two romantic temperaments, both concerned to please the other. These details might suggest a young man embarking on a modest mathematical career. Nothing of the sort. Georg Cantor initiated a great upheaval in nineteenth-century thought, carrying out one of those revolutions that like certain earthquakes survive in the form of aftershocks long after the first tremor has subsided. The effort dominated his life and it drove him to madness, so that in his last years, when not resident in various lunatic asylums, he occupied himself in proving to his satisfaction that Shakespeare had not written his own plays.
Turing's Vision: The Birth of Computer Science by Chris Bernhardt
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Ada Lovelace, Alan Turing: On Computable Numbers, with an Application to the Entscheidungsproblem, Albert Einstein, Andrew Wiles, British Empire, cellular automata, Claude Shannon: information theory, complexity theory, Conway's Game of Life, discrete time, Douglas Hofstadter, Georg Cantor, Gödel, Escher, Bach, Henri Poincaré, Internet Archive, Jacquard loom, Jacquard loom, John Conway, John von Neumann, Joseph-Marie Jacquard, Norbert Wiener, Paul Erdős, Turing complete, Turing machine, Turing test, Von Neumann architecture
Turing did not want an undecidable problem that concerned properties of a hypothetical computing device. He wanted an undecidable problem that was immediately comprehensible to mathematicians. He found one using an ingenious argument of Georg Cantor. 8 Cantor's Diagonalization Arguments "I see it, but I don't believe it!" Georg Cantor "I don't know what predominates in Cantor's theory — philosophy or theology, but I am sure that there is no mathematics there." Leopold Kronecker "No one shall drive us from the paradise which Cantor has created for us." David Hilbert Georg Cantor 1845–1918 Georg Cantor moved with his family from St. Petersberg to Germany when he was eleven years old. After completing his dissertation at the University of Berlin in 1867 he took up a position at the University of Halle where he remained for his professional life.
Encodings and the Universal Machine A Method of Encoding Finite Automata Universal Machines Construction of Universal Machines Modern Computers Are Universal Machines Von Neumann Architecture Random Access Machines RAMs Can Be Emulated by Turing Machines Other Universal Machines What Happens When We Input 〈M〉 into M? 7. Undecidable Problems Proof by Contradiction Russell's Barber Finite Automata That Do Not Accept Their Encodings Turing Machines That Do Not Accept Their Encodings Does a Turing Machine Diverge on Its Encoding? Is Undecidable The Acceptance, Halting, and Blank Tape Problems An Uncomputable Function Turing's Approach 8. Cantor's Diagonalization Arguments Georg Cantor 1845–1918 Cardinality Subsets of the Rationals That Have the Same Cardinality Hilbert's Hotel Subtraction Is Not Well-Defined General Diagonal Argument The Cardinality of the Real Numbers The Diagonal Argument The Continuum Hypothesis The Cardinality of Computations Computable Numbers A Non-Computable Number There Is a Countable Number of Computable Numbers Computable Numbers Are Not Effectively Enumerable 9.
At times you have a proof, but feel that it is clumsy and that there must be a better one that needs to be found. This is what the Hungarian mathematician Paul Erdős was referring to when he talked about The Book. According to Erdős, there is a book in which God had written down all the shortest, most beautiful proofs. Erdős famously said "You don't have to believe in God, but you should believe in The Book." Turing's proofs, along with those of Gödel and Georg Cantor on which they are based, are definitely in The Book. This book is for the reader who wants to understand these ideas. We start from the beginning and build carefully. The reader doesn't have to know much mathematics — high school provides enough — but it does require some mathematical aptitude and also a little work. It needs to be read carefully, and some sections may need to be re-read. This is to be expected since Turing is not saying trivial things about computation, but saying deep and nonintuitive things.
Is God a Mathematician? by Mario Livio
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Albert Einstein, Antoine Gombaud: Chevalier de Méré, Brownian motion, cellular automata, correlation coefficient, correlation does not imply causation, cosmological constant, Dava Sobel, double helix, Edmond Halley, Eratosthenes, Georg Cantor, Gerolamo Cardano, Gödel, Escher, Bach, Henri Poincaré, Isaac Newton, John von Neumann, music of the spheres, Myron Scholes, probability theory / Blaise Pascal / Pierre de Fermat, Russell's paradox, The Design of Experiments, the scientific method, traveling salesman
First, the introduction of abstract geometric spaces and of the notion of infinity (in both geometry and the theory of sets) had blurred the meaning of "quantity" and of "measurement" beyond recognition. Second, the rapidly multiplying studies of mathematical abstractions helped to distance mathematics even further from physical reality, while breathing life and "existence" into the abstractions themselves. Georg Cantor (1845–1918), the creator of set theory, characterized the newly found spirit of freedom of mathematics by the following "declaration of independence": "Mathematics is in its development entirely free and is only bound in the self-evident respect that its concepts must both be consistent with each other and also stand in exact relationships, ordered by definitions, to those concepts which have previously been introduced and are already at hand and established."
Figure 49 The fact that one paradox could have such a devastating effect on an entire program aimed at creating the bedrock of mathematics may sound surprising at first, but as Harvard University logician W. V. O. Quine once noted: "More than once in history the discovery of paradox has been the occasion for major reconstruction at the foundation of thought." Russell's paradox provided for precisely such an occasion. Russell's Paradox The person who essentially single-handedly founded the theory of sets was the German mathematician Georg Cantor. Sets, or classes, quickly proved to be so fundamental and so intertwined with logic that any attempt to build mathematics on the foundation of logic necessarily implied that one was building it on the axiomatic foundation of set theory. A class or a set is simply a collection of objects. The objects don't have to be related in any way. You can speak of one class containing all of the following items: the soap operas that aired in 2003, Napoleon's white horse, and the concept of true love.
Due to the perceived drawbacks of the axiom of choice, mathematicians started to wonder whether the axiom could either be proved using the other axioms or refuted by them. The history of Euclid's fifth axiom was literally repeating itself. A partial answer was finally given in the late 1930s. Kurt Gödel (1906–78), one of the most influential logicians of all time, proved that the axiom of choice and another famous conjecture due to the founder of set theory, Georg Cantor, known as the continuum hypothesis, were both consistent with the other Zermelo-Fraenkel axioms. That is, neither of the two hypotheses could be refuted using the other standard set theory axioms. Additional proofs in 1963 by the American mathematician Paul Cohen (1934–2007, who sadly passed away during the time I was writing this book) established the complete independence of the axiom of choice and the continuum hypothesis.
Zero: The Biography of a Dangerous Idea by Charles Seife
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Albert Einstein, Albert Michelson, Arthur Eddington, Cepheid variable, cosmological constant, dark matter, Edmond Halley, Georg Cantor, Isaac Newton, John Conway, Pierre-Simon Laplace, place-making, probability theory / Blaise Pascal / Pierre de Fermat, retrograde motion, Richard Feynman, Richard Feynman, Solar eclipse in 1919, Stephen Hawking
Do it again and again; the number will quickly zoom toward infinity or toward zero, except if you entered 1 or -1 to begin with. There is no escape.) The Infinite Zero My theory stands as firm as a rock; every arrow directed against it will return quickly to its archer. How do I know this? I have studied it…I have followed its roots, so to speak, to the first infallible cause of all created things. —GEORG CANTOR Infinity was no longer mystical; it became an ordinary number. It was a specimen impaled on a pin, ready for study, and mathematicians were quick to analyze it. But in the deepest infinity—nestled within the vast continuum of numbers—zero kept appearing. Most appalling of all, infinity itself can be a zero. Figure 41: Spiraling outward and inward on the plane… Figure 42:…are mirror images on the sphere.
It oscillates up and down faster and faster as it approaches the singularity, whipping from positive to negative and back again. In even the tiniest neighborhood around the singularity, the curve takes on almost every conceivable value over and over and over again. Yet as weird as these singularities behave, they were no longer mysterious to mathematicians, who were learning to dissect the infinite. The master anatomist of the infinite was Georg Cantor. Though he was born in Russia in 1845, Cantor spent most of his life in Germany. And it was in Germany—the land of Gauss and of Riemann—where infinity's secrets were revealed. Unfortunately, Germany was also the land of Leopold Kronecker, the mathematician who would hound Cantor into a mental institution. Underneath Cantor's conflict with Kronecker was a vision of the infinite, a vision that can be described with a simple puzzle.
Finding Zero: A Mathematician's Odyssey to Uncover the Origins of Numbers by Amir D. Aczel
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colonial rule, double entry bookkeeping, Georg Cantor, offshore financial centre, Y2K
"So you know about Cantor's work?" I asked, surprised. "Yes, of course. I studied philosophy for many years, including the philosophy of mathematics." What was so surprising—and something I had not realized before—was that what he told me based on the Jain text provided some proof of a real mathematical understanding of infinity so early, and so long before a great genius in Germany, the tormented mathematician Georg Cantor, was able to explain the same concepts. Cantor was a mathematician at the University of Halle in eastern Germany in the late 1800s, where he single-handedly developed the mathematics of infinity. He had been a student at the University of Berlin, one of the most important universities in Europe at that time, studying under a mathematics giant, Karl Weierstrass, who contributed hugely to our understanding of the real numbers: the numbers on the real number line, which include both rational numbers (integers or quotients of integers) and irrational numbers (numbers, such as pi, that cannot be expressed as quotients of integers).
, A Sourcebook on Indian Philosophy (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1957), quoted in Graham Priest, "The Logic of the Catuskoti," 25. Priest explains that "saint" is a poor translation and that what it means is someone who has reached enlightenment, a Buddha (or Tathagata). 4. Graham Priest, "The Logic of the Catuskoti," 28. Chapter 17 1. For more on the story of Georg Cantor and the various levels of infinity, see Amir D. Aczel, The Mystery of the Aleph (New York: Washington Square Books, 2001). Chapter 22 1. For accurate radiocarbon dating of the Thera explosion see Amir D. Aczel, "Improved Radiocarbon Age Estimation Using the Bootstrap," Radiocarbon 37, no. 3 (1995): 845–49. Chapter 24 1. I heard this story from another well-known mathematician and friend of Kakutani, Janos Aczel (no relation; it's a common Hungarian last name).
Thinking in Numbers by Daniel Tammet
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Albert Einstein, Alfred Russel Wallace, Anton Chekhov, computer age, dematerialisation, Edmond Halley, four colour theorem, Georg Cantor, index card, Isaac Newton, Paul Erdős, Searching for Interstellar Communications, Vilfredo Pareto
Most of these subsets, though, would have completely slipped his mind. Returning to Borges's list of subsets of animals, several of the categories pose paradoxes. Take, for example, the subset (j): 'innumerable ones'. How can any subset of something – even if it is imaginary, like Borges's animals – be infinite in size? How can a part of any collection not be smaller than the whole? Borges's taxonomy is clearly inspired by the work of Georg Cantor, a nineteenth-century German mathematician whose important discoveries in the study of infinity provide us with an answer to the paradox. Cantor showed, among other things, that parts of a collection (subsets) as great as the whole (set) really do exist. Counting, he observed, involves matching the members of one set to another. 'Two sets A and B have the same number of members if and only if there is a perfect one-to-one correspondence between them.'
Ducks and geese need only follow their instinct for when to up sticks and migrate. I have read of oxen that carried their burden for precisely the same duration every day. No whip could persuade them to continue beyond it. We wear the tally of our years on our brow and cheeks. I doubt our body could ever lose its count. Like the ox, each knows intimately the moment when to stop. Higher than Heaven On 22 January 1886 Georg Cantor, who had discovered the existence of an infinite number of infinities, wrote a letter to Cardinal Johannes Franzen of the Vatican Council, defending his ideas against the possible charge of blasphemy. A devout believer, the mathematician considered himself a friend of the Church. God, he believed, had used his preoccupation with numbers to reveal a further aspect of His infinite nature. Fellow logicians had mostly sidestepped the young man's thinking; hardly anyone yet took seriously the outstanding insights that would make his name.
The Simpsons and Their Mathematical Secrets by Simon Singh
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Albert Einstein, Andrew Wiles, Benoit Mandelbrot, cognitive dissonance, Donald Knuth, Erdős number, Georg Cantor, Grace Hopper, Isaac Newton, John Nash: game theory, mandelbrot fractal, Menlo Park, Norbert Wiener, Norman Mailer, P = NP, Paul Erdős, probability theory / Blaise Pascal / Pierre de Fermat, Richard Feynman, Richard Feynman, Rubik's Cube, Schrödinger's Cat, Simon Singh, Stephen Hawking, Wolfskehl Prize, women in the workforce
However, there was general agreement that Homer and Ned's petty argument would have derailed the scriptwriting process, as it would have triggered a debate over the nature of infinity. So, is infinity plus one more than infinity? Is it a meaningful statement or just gobbledygook? Can it be proved? In their efforts to answer these questions, the mathematicians around the scripting table would doubtless have mentioned the name of Georg Cantor, who was born in St. Petersburg, Russia, in 1845. Cantor was the first mathematician to really grapple with the meaning of infinity. However, his explanations were always deeply technical, so it was left to the eminent German mathematician David Hilbert (1862–1943) to convey Cantor's research. He had a knack for finding analogies that made Cantor's ideas about infinity more palatable and digestible.
Slight variations of this argument can be repeated to show that there are lots of other numbers that are missing from the list of decimals. In other words, when we try to match up the two infinities, the list of decimals between 0 and 1 is doomed to be incomplete, presumably because the infinity of decimal numbers is greater than the infinity of counting numbers. This argument is a simplified version of Cantor's diagonal argument, a watertight proof published in 1892 by Georg Cantor. Having confirmed that some infinites are bigger than others, Cantor was confident that the infinity that describes counting numbers was the smallest type of infinity, so he labeled it 0, with (aleph) being the first letter of the Hebrew alphabet. He suspected that the set of decimals between 0 and 1 illustrated the next and bigger type of infinity, so he labeled it 1 (aleph-one). Larger types of infinity, for they also exist, are logically named 2, 3, 4, ….
Alex's Adventures in Numberland by Alex Bellos
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Andrew Wiles, Antoine Gombaud: Chevalier de Méré, beat the dealer, Black Swan, Black-Scholes formula, Claude Shannon: information theory, computer age, Daniel Kahneman / Amos Tversky, Edward Thorp, family office, forensic accounting, game design, Georg Cantor, Henri Poincaré, Isaac Newton, Myron Scholes, pattern recognition, Paul Erdős, Pierre-Simon Laplace, probability theory / Blaise Pascal / Pierre de Fermat, random walk, Richard Feynman, Richard Feynman, Rubik's Cube, SETI@home, Steve Jobs, The Bell Curve by Richard Herrnstein and Charles Murray, traveling salesman
'Non-Euclidean' geometry was a watershed for mathematics in that it described a theory of physical space that totally contradicted our experience of the world, and therefore was hard to imagine, but nevertheless contained no mathematical contradictions, and so was as mathematically valid as the Euclidean system that came before. Later that century an intellectual breakthrough of similar significance was made by Georg Cantor, who turned our intuitive understanding of the infinite on its head by proving that infinity comes in different sizes. Non-Euclidean geometry and Cantor's set theory were gateways into two strange and wonderful worlds, and I'll visit them both in the following pages. Arguably, together they marked the beginning of modern mathematics. Hyperbolic crochet. The Elements, to recap from much earlier, is easily the most influential maths textbook of all time, having set out the basics of Greek geometry.
Considered opinion is that the universe is either flat or spherical, although it is still possible that the universe might be hyperbolic. It is wonderfully ironic to think that a geometry originally thought to be nonsensical might actually reflect the way things really are. At around the same time that mathematicians were exploring the counter-intuitive realm of non-Euclidean space, one man was turning upside-down our understanding of another mathematical notion: infinity. Georg Cantor was a lecturer at Halle University in Germany, where he developed a trail-blazing theory of numbers in which infinity could have more than one size. Cantor's ideas were so unorthodox that they initially provoked ridicule from many of his peers. Henri Poincaré, for example, described his work as 'a malady, a perverse illness from which some day mathematics would be cured', while Leopold Kronecker, Cantor's former teacher and professor of maths at Berlin University, dismissed him as a 'charlatan' and a 'corruptor of youth'.
Galileo's conclusion was that, when it comes to infinityostmerical concepts 'more than', 'equal to' and 'less than' do not make sense. These terms may be understandable and coherent when discussing finite amounts, but not with infinite ones. It is meaningless to say there are more numbers than there are squares, or that there is an equal number of numbers and squares, since the totality of both numbers and squares is infinite. Georg Cantor devised a new way to think about infinity that made Galileo's paradox redundant. Rather than thinking about individual numbers, Cantor considered collections of numbers, which he called 'sets'. The cardinality of any set is the number of members in the collection. So {1, 2, 3} is a set with a cardinality of three and {17, 29, 5, 14} is a set with cardinality four. Cantor's 'set theory' gets the pulse racing when considering sets with an infinite number of members.
The Misbehavior of Markets by Benoit Mandelbrot
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Albert Einstein, asset allocation, Augustin-Louis Cauchy, Benoit Mandelbrot, Big bang: deregulation of the City of London, Black-Scholes formula, British Empire, Brownian motion, buy low sell high, capital asset pricing model, carbon-based life, discounted cash flows, diversification, double helix, Edward Lorenz: Chaos theory, Elliott wave, equity premium, Eugene Fama: efficient market hypothesis, Fellow of the Royal Society, full employment, Georg Cantor, Henri Poincaré, implied volatility, index fund, informal economy, invisible hand, John Meriwether, John von Neumann, Long Term Capital Management, Louis Bachelier, mandelbrot fractal, market bubble, market microstructure, Myron Scholes, new economy, paper trading, passive investing, Paul Lévy, Paul Samuelson, Plutocrats, plutocrats, price mechanism, quantitative trading / quantitative finance, Ralph Nelson Elliott, RAND corporation, random walk, risk tolerance, Robert Shiller, Robert Shiller, short selling, statistical arbitrage, statistical model, Steve Ballmer, stochastic volatility, transfer pricing, value at risk, Vilfredo Pareto, volatility smile
At every scale you look, each element of the diagram is similar in shape to the element on the next scale higher up or lower down; "similar" means reduced in size with no deformation. Finance requires a different class of fractals called self-affine, meaning that the scaling happens faster horizontally than vertically. In more general fractals, the parts can get systematically twisted, rotated, or in other ways transformed. The Cantor dust. This is one of the oldest fractals, named after Georg Cantor, a Russian-German of the nineteenth century who radically changed the way mathematicians think about infinity, sets, and many other basic ideas previously taken for granted. The Cantor dust is typical of his paradoxes. It starts as a simple line: straight, continuous, and one-dimensional (here a thickened bar to make it possible to actually see it). Its generator is the same line with the middle third punched out.
price change departure from price swings following probability distributions as risk measured with three different Beta (β) analyzing investments with CAPM with definition of expected return in P/E effect with stock price with Bienaymé, Irénée Binomial time bending Black, Fischer background of eulogy of influence of modern finance influenced by options valued by Black Monday Black-Scholes formula calculation of origin of problem with results of risk evaluation with uses of volatility with Blindfolded archer's score chance of Bond trading Paris exchange of Book-to-market Bouchaud, Jean-Philippe Bourbaki Boussinesq, Joseph Box-counting dimension fractals with Brahe, Tycho Bridge range in fractal geometry Bronchia fractals Brown, Robert Brownian motion charts with computer-simulated chart of dependence with Dow price movement compared to financial modeling with multifractal model with Nile river flooding with ordered appearance of pollen observed with price changes following risk values following Buffett, Warren E. Bull market Burton, Richard Francis Calculus Calvet, Laurent Canary Wharf Cantor, Georg Cantor dust fractals Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) APT and discovery of finance with Merrill Lynch's use of premise of results of study of time-scale with Capital budgeting Bachelier's theories influencing Capital Fund Management CAPM. See Capital Asset Pricing Model Cartier-Bresson photograph Cartoon. See Fractal cartoon Cat brain activity Cauchy, Augustin-Louis distribution by exceptional chance seen by Center of gravity Cerf, Georges Certified Financial Adviser Chance blindfolded archer's score with corporate finance based on determinism v.
Year's Best SF 15 by David G. Hartwell; Kathryn Cramer
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air freight, Black Swan, experimental subject, Georg Cantor, gravity well, job automation, Kuiper Belt, phenotype, semantic web
My theory stands as firm as a rock; every arrow directed against it will quickly return to the archer. How do I know this? Because I have studied it from all sides for many years; because I have examined all objections which have ever been made against the infinite numbers; and above all because I have followed its roots, so to speak, to the first infallible cause of all created things. —Georg Cantor, German mathematician (1845–1918) In a finite world, Abdul Karim ponders infinity. He has met infinities of various kinds in mathematics. If mathematics is the language of Nature, then it follows that there are infinities in the physical world around us as well. They confound us because we are such limited things. Our lives, our science, our religions are all smaller than the cosmos. Is the cosmos infinite?
How much more palatable this is than the thought that the process stops somewhere, that at some point there is a pre-preon, for example, that is composed of nothing else but itself. How fractally sound, how beautiful if matter is a matter of infinitely nested boxes. There is a symmetry in it that pleases him. After all, there is infinity in the very large too. Our universe, ever expanding, apparently without limit. He turns to the work of Georg Cantor, who had the audacity to formalize the mathematical study of infinity. Abdul Karim painstakingly goes over the mathematics, drawing his finger under every line, every equation in the yellowing textbook, scribbling frantically with his pencil. Cantor is the one who discovered that certain infinite sets are more infinite than others—that there are tiers and strata of infinity. Look at the integers, 1, 2, 3, 4…Infinite, but of a lower order of infinity than the real numbers like 1.67, 2.93, etc.
What wonderful arrogance possessed them that they, puny things, could dream so large? He mentions this once to his friend, a Hindu called Gangadhar, who lives not far away. Gangadhar's hands pause over the chessboard (their weekly game is in progress) and he intones a verse from the Vedas: From the Infinite, take the Infinite, and lo! Infinity remains… Abdul Karim is astounded. That his ancestors could anticipate Georg Cantor by four millennia! That fondness for science…that affability and condescension which God shows to the learned, that promptitude with which he protects and supports them in the elucidation of obscurities and in the removal of difficulties, has encouraged me to compose a short work on calculating by al-jabr and al-muqabala, confining it to what is easiest and most useful in arithmetic. —Al Khwarizmi, eighth century Arab mathematician Mathematics came to the boy almost as naturally as breathing.
Mining the Social Web: Finding Needles in the Social Haystack by Matthew A. Russell
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Climategate, cloud computing, crowdsourcing, en.wikipedia.org, fault tolerance, Firefox, full text search, Georg Cantor, Google Earth, information retrieval, Mark Zuckerberg, natural language processing, NP-complete, profit motive, Saturday Night Live, semantic web, Silicon Valley, slashdot, social graph, social web, statistical model, Steve Jobs, supply-chain management, text mining, traveling salesman, Turing test, web application
A few of the most relevant ones for the upcoming work at hand include: smembers Returns all of the members of a set scard Returns the cardinality of a set (the number of members in the set) sinter Computes the intersection for a list of sets sdiff Computes the difference for a list of sets mget Returns a list of string values for a list of keys mset Stores a list of string values against a list of keys sadd Adds an item to a set (and creates the set if it doesn't already exist) keys Returns a list of keys matching a regex-like pattern Skimming the pydoc for Python's built-in set data type should convince you of the close mapping between it and the Redis APIs. We're Gonna Analyze Like It's 1874 Although the concepts involved in set theory are as old as time itself, it is Georg Cantor who is generally credited with inventing set theory. His paper, "On a Characteristic Property of All Real Algebraic Numbers," written in 1874, formalized set theory as part of his work on answering questions related to the concept of infinity. For example: Are there more natural numbers (zero and the positive integers) than integers (positive and negative numbers)? Are there more rational numbers (numbers that can be expressed as fractions) than integers?
semi-standardized relational data, Motivation for Clustering sentence detection, Syntax and Semantics, Sentence Detection in Blogs with NLTK, Sentence Detection in Blogs with NLTK in blogs, using NLTK, Sentence Detection in Blogs with NLTK, Sentence Detection in Blogs with NLTK sentence tokenizer, Sentence Detection in Blogs with NLTK set operations, Elementary Set Operations, Elementary Set Operations, How Much Overlap Exists Between the Entities of #TeaParty and #JustinBieber Tweets? intersection of entities in #TeaParty and #JustinBieber tweets, How Much Overlap Exists Between the Entities of #TeaParty and #JustinBieber Tweets? Redis native functions for, Elementary Set Operations sample, for Twitter friends and followers, Elementary Set Operations set theory, invention by Georg Cantor, Elementary Set Operations SFDP (scalable force directed placement), Graphviz, Visualizing Community Structures in Twitter Search Results similarity metrics, What Entities Co-Occur Most Often with #JustinBieber and #TeaParty Tweets?, Common Similarity Metrics for Clustering, Finding Similar Documents, The Theory Behind Vector Space Models and Cosine Similarity, Clustering Posts with Cosine Similarity, Clustering Posts with Cosine Similarity, Clustering Posts with Cosine Similarity, Before You Go Off and Try to Build a Search Engine… common, for clustering, Common Similarity Metrics for Clustering cosine similarity, Finding Similar Documents, The Theory Behind Vector Space Models and Cosine Similarity, Clustering Posts with Cosine Similarity, Clustering Posts with Cosine Similarity, Before You Go Off and Try to Build a Search Engine… clustering posts using, Clustering Posts with Cosine Similarity, Clustering Posts with Cosine Similarity limitations of, Before You Go Off and Try to Build a Search Engine… theory behind vector space models and, The Theory Behind Vector Space Models and Cosine Similarity most frequent entities co-occurring with #JustinBieber and #TeaParty tweets, What Entities Co-Occur Most Often with #JustinBieber and #TeaParty Tweets?
Framing Class: Media Representations of Wealth and Poverty in America by Diana Elizabeth Kendall
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Bernie Madoff, blue-collar work, Bonfire of the Vanities, call centre, David Brooks, declining real wages, Donald Trump, employer provided health coverage, ending welfare as we know it, fixed income, framing effect, Georg Cantor, Gordon Gekko, greed is good, haute couture, housing crisis, illegal immigration, income inequality, lump of labour, mortgage tax deduction, new economy, payday loans, Ponzi scheme, Ray Oldenburg, Richard Florida, Ronald Reagan, Saturday Night Live, telemarketer, The Great Good Place, Thorstein Veblen, trickle-down economics, union organizing, upwardly mobile, urban planning, working poor
Although based on people's perceptions about their own communities, these statements also suggest that individuals living in the region share good middle-class moral values and a belief in the work ethic. National and regional news coverage about a community's values are not unique. Like the report carried by CNN, articles in local newspapers such as the Detroit News extol the virtues of the middle class. Consider, for example, editorial writer George Cantor's story titled "Middle-Class Livonia Turns into Wayne County Power": Livonia is a seething hotbed of middle-class values. It has an almost invisible crime rate [and] neat residential streets, many of them looking as if they had been time-warped from 1956 Detroit. . . . But it is Livonia's sheer lack of drama that is its charm. "The American dream writ large," approvingly says an attorney friend of mine who specializes in municipal finance.
Brent Baker, "FNC's Baier Corrects Washington Post's Claim Obama 'Rare' Product of Middle Class," NewsBusters, February 5, 2010, http://www.newsbusters .org/blogs/brent-baker/2010/02/05/fnc-s-baier-corrects-washington-post-s-claim -obama-rare-product-middle (accessed October 15, 2010). 40. Ehrenreich, Fear of Falling, 5. 41. Ehrenreich, Fear of Falling, 51. 42. Robin M. Williams Jr., American Society: A Sociological Interpretation, 3rd ed. (New York: Knopf, 1970). 43. Kim Fulcher Linkins, "Midwest Lures Family-Based IT," CNN.com, 1999, http://www.cnn.com/TECH/computing/9906/11/midwest.idg/index.html (accessed February 17, 2004). 44. George Cantor, "Middle-Class Livonia Turns into Wayne County Power," Detroit News, January 26, 2002, http://www.detnews.com/2002/editorial/0201/28/ d07-400393.htm (accessed February 18, 2004). 45. Jill Lawrence, "Values, Points of View Separate Towns—and Nation," USA Today, February 18, 2002, A10. 46. Lawrence, "Values, Points of View Separate Towns." 9781442202238.print.indb 255 2/10/11 10:47 AM 256 Notes to Pages 179–188 47.
Wireless by Stross, Charles
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anthropic principle, back-to-the-land, Benoit Mandelbrot, Buckminster Fuller, Cepheid variable, cognitive dissonance, colonial exploitation, cosmic microwave background, epigenetics, finite state, Georg Cantor, gravity well, hive mind, jitney, Khyber Pass, lifelogging, Magellanic Cloud, mandelbrot fractal, peak oil, phenotype, Pluto: dwarf planet, security theater, sensible shoes, Turing machine
(True names have power, so the Laundry is big on call by reference, not call by value; I'm no more "Bob Howard" than the "Alan Turing" in room two is the father of computer science and applied computational demonology.) She continues. "The real Alan Turing would be nearly a hundred by now. All our long-term residents are named for famous mathematicians. We've got Alan Turing, Kurt Godel, Georg Cantor, and Benoit Mandelbrot. Turing's the oldest, Benny is the most recent—he actually has a payroll number, sixteen." I'm in five digits—I don't know whether to laugh or cry. "Who's the nameless one?" I ask. "That would be Georg Cantor," she says slowly. "He's probably in room four." I bend over the indicated periscope, remove the brass cap, and peer into the alien world of the nameless K. Syndrome survivor. I see a whitewashed room, quite spacious, with a toilet area off to one side and a bedroom accessible through a doorless opening—much like the short-term ward.
The Logician and the Engineer: How George Boole and Claude Shannon Created the Information Age by Paul J. Nahin
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Alan Turing: On Computable Numbers, with an Application to the Entscheidungsproblem, Albert Einstein, Any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic, Claude Shannon: information theory, conceptual framework, Edward Thorp, Fellow of the Royal Society, finite state, four colour theorem, Georg Cantor, Grace Hopper, Isaac Newton, John von Neumann, knapsack problem, New Journalism, Pierre-Simon Laplace, reversible computing, Richard Feynman, Richard Feynman, Schrödinger's Cat, Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak, thinkpad, Thomas Bayes, Turing machine, Turing test, V2 rocket
There is no minimum separation between the rationals.5 Nevertheless, despite their denseness, the rationals are still a countable infinity. In other words, the rationals and the integers are infinite sets of the same size, even though the set of the integers is included in the set of rationals. This astonishing result, totally at odds with intuition (what is often called "common sense''), was discovered by the Russian-born German mathematician Georg Cantor (1845–1918) in 1874. Most mathematicians of his day thought Cantor was crazy, but it was they (not him) who were wrong (although, ironically, Cantor died in a mental institution). To show how the rationals are countably infinite, Cantor had two brilliant ideas. First, he showed how to systematically write down all the rationals so as not to overlook even one. He did that in the form of an infinitely large two-dimensional matrix array.
Chaos by James Gleick
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Benoit Mandelbrot, butterfly effect, cellular automata, Claude Shannon: information theory, discrete time, Edward Lorenz: Chaos theory, experimental subject, Georg Cantor, Henri Poincaré, Isaac Newton, iterative process, John von Neumann, Louis Pasteur, mandelbrot fractal, Murray Gell-Mann, Norbert Wiener, pattern recognition, Richard Feynman, Richard Feynman, Stephen Hawking, stochastic process, trade route
(Once, to Mandelbrot's horror, a batch of data seemed to contradict his scheme—but it turned out that the engineers had failed to record the most extreme cases, on the assumption that they were irrelevant.) Engineers had no framework for understanding Mandelbrot's description, but mathematicians did. In effect, Mandelbrot was duplicating an abstract construction known as the Cantor set, after the nineteenth-century mathematician Georg Cantor. To make a Cantor set, you start with the interval of numbers from zero to one, represented by a line segment. Then you remove the middle third. That leaves two segments, and you remove the middle third of each (from one-ninth to two-ninths and from seven-ninths to eight-ninths). That leaves four segments, and you remove the middle third of each—and so on to infinity. What remains? A strange "dust" of points, arranged in clusters, infinitely many yet infinitely sparse.
Fermat's Last Theorem by Simon Singh
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Albert Einstein, Andrew Wiles, Antoine Gombaud: Chevalier de Méré, Arthur Eddington, Augustin-Louis Cauchy, Fellow of the Royal Society, Georg Cantor, Henri Poincaré, Isaac Newton, John Conway, John von Neumann, kremlinology, probability theory / Blaise Pascal / Pierre de Fermat, RAND corporation, Rubik's Cube, Simon Singh, Wolfskehl Prize
But how can something which is undeniably smaller than an infinite quantity also be infinite? The German mathematician David Hilbert once said: 'The infinite! No other question has ever moved so profoundly the spirit of man; no other idea has so fruitfully stimulated his intellect; yet no other concept stands in greater need of clarification than that of the infinite.' To resolve the paradox of the infinite it is necessary to define what is meant by infinity. Georg Cantor, who worked alongside Hilbert, defined infinity as the size of the never-ending list of counting numbers (1, 2, 3, 4, …). Consequently anything which is comparable in size is equally infinite. By this definition the number of even counting numbers, which would intuitively appear to be smaller, is also infinite. It is easy to demonstrate that the quantity of counting numbers and the quantity of even numbers are comparable because we can pair off each counting number with a corresponding even number: If every member of the counting numbers list can be matched up with a member of the even numbers list then the two lists must be the same size.
A History of Western Philosophy by Aaron Finkel
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British Empire, Eratosthenes, Georg Cantor, George Santayana, invention of agriculture, liberation theology, Mahatma Gandhi, Plutocrats, plutocrats, source of truth, the market place, William of Occam
There is one entry in the lower row for every one in the top row; therefore the number of terms in the two rows must be the same, although the lower row consists of only half the terms in the top row. Leibniz, who noticed this, thought it a contradiction, and concluded that, though there are infinite collections, there are no infinite numbers. Georg Cantor, on the contrary, boldly denied that it is a contradiction. He was right; it is only an oddity. Georg Cantor defined an "infinite" collection as one which has parts containing as many terms as the whole collection contains. On this basis he was able to build up a most interesting mathematical theory of infinite numbers, thereby taking into the realm of exact logic a whole region formerly given over to mysticism and confusion. The next man of importance was Frege, who published his first work in 1879, and his definition of "number" in 1884; but, in spite of the epoch-making nature of his discoveries, he remained wholly without recognition until I drew attention to him in 1903.
The great mathematicians of the seventeenth century were optimistic and anxious for quick results; consequently they left the foundations of analytical geometry and the infinitesimal calculus insecure. Leibniz believed in actual infinitesimals, but although this belief suited his metaphysics it had no sound basis in mathematics. Weierstrass, soon after the middle of the nineteenth century, showed how to establish the calculus without infinitesimals, and thus at last made it logically secure. Next came Georg Cantor, who developed the theory of continuity and infinite number. "Continuity" had been, until he defined it, a vague word, convenient for philosophers like Hegel, who wished to introduce metaphysical muddles into mathematics. Cantor gave a precise significance to the word, and showed that continuity, as he defined it, was the concept needed by mathematicians and physicists. By this means a great deal of mysticism, such as that of Bergson, was rendered antiquated.
The Haskell Road to Logic, Maths and Programming by Kees Doets, Jan van Eijck, Jan Eijck
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Albert Einstein, digital map, Eratosthenes, Georg Cantor, P = NP, Russell's paradox
Their meaning may have been explained by definitions in terms of other notions. However, the process of defining notions must have a beginning somewhere. Thus, the need for notions that are primitive, i.e., undefined. For instance, we shall consider as undefined here the notions of set and natural number. Given the notion of a set, that of a function can be defined. However, in a context that is not set-theoretic, it could well be an undefined notion. Georg Cantor (1845-1915), the founding father of set theory, gave the following description. The Comprehension Principle. A set is a collection into a whole of definite, distinct objects of our intuition or of our thought. The objects are called the elements (members) of the set. Usually, the objects that are used as elements of a set are not sets themselves. To handle sets of this kind is unproblematic.
The Music of the Primes by Marcus Du Sautoy
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Ada Lovelace, Andrew Wiles, Arthur Eddington, Augustin-Louis Cauchy, computer age, Dava Sobel, Dmitri Mendeleev, Eratosthenes, Erdős number, four colour theorem, Georg Cantor, German hyperinflation, global village, Henri Poincaré, Isaac Newton, Jacquard loom, Jacquard loom, music of the spheres, New Journalism, Paul Erdős, Richard Feynman, Richard Feynman, Rubik's Cube, Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence, Simon Singh, Solar eclipse in 1919, Stephen Hawking, Turing machine, William of Occam, Wolfskehl Prize, Y2K
While he was out one day, running along the banks of the River Cam, Turing experienced the second flash of enlightenment that told him why none of these Turing machines could be made to distinguish between statements that had proofs and those that didn't. As he paused for a breather, lying on his back in a meadow near Granchester, he saw that an idea which had been used successfully to answer a question about irrational numbers might be applicable to this question about the existence of a machine to test for provability. Turing's idea was based on a startling discovery made in 1873 by Georg Cantor, a mathematician from Halle in Germany. He had found that there were different sorts of infinities. It may seem a strange proposition, but it is actually possible to compare two infinite sets and say that one is bigger than the other. When Cantor announced his discovery, in the 1870s, it was considered almost heretical or at best the ramblings of a madman. To compare two infinities, imagine a tribe that has a counting system that goes 'one, two, three, lots'.
I Am a Strange Loop by Douglas R. Hofstadter
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Albert Einstein, Andrew Wiles, Benoit Mandelbrot, Brownian motion, double helix, Douglas Hofstadter, Georg Cantor, Gödel, Escher, Bach, Isaac Newton, James Watt: steam engine, John Conway, John von Neumann, mandelbrot fractal, pattern recognition, Paul Erdős, place-making, probability theory / Blaise Pascal / Pierre de Fermat, publish or perish, random walk, Ronald Reagan, self-driving car, Silicon Valley, telepresence, Turing machine
The absolute nonexistence of a decision procedure for truth (or for provability) is discussed in [DeLong], [Boolos and Jeffrey], [Jeffrey], [Hennie], [Davis 1965], [Wolf], and [Hofstadter 1979]. Page 139 No formula can literally contain… [Nagel and Newman] presents this idea very clearly, as does [Smullyan 1961]. See also [Hofstadter 1982]. Page 139 an elegant linguistic analogy… See [Quine] for the original idea (which is actually a variation of Gödel's idea (which is itself a variation of an idea of Jules Richard (which is a variation of an idea of Georg Cantor (which is a variation of an idea of Euclid (with help from Epimenides))))), and [Hofstadter 1979] for a variation on Quine's theme. Page 147 "…and Related Systems (I)"… Gödel put a roman numeral at the end of the title of his article because he feared he had not spelled out sufficiently clearly some of his ideas, and expected he would have to produce a sequel. However, his paper quickly received high praise from John von Neumann and other respected figures, catapulting the unknown Gödel to a position of great fame in a short time, even though it took most of the mathematical community decades to absorb the meaning of his results.
The Stack: On Software and Sovereignty by Benjamin H. Bratton
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1960s counterculture, 3D printing, 4chan, Ada Lovelace, additive manufacturing, airport security, Alan Turing: On Computable Numbers, with an Application to the Entscheidungsproblem, algorithmic trading, Amazon Mechanical Turk, Amazon Web Services, augmented reality, autonomous vehicles, basic income, Benevolent Dictator For Life (BDFL), Berlin Wall, bioinformatics, bitcoin, blockchain, Buckminster Fuller, Burning Man, call centre, carbon footprint, carbon-based life, Cass Sunstein, Celebration, Florida, charter city, clean water, cloud computing, connected car, corporate governance, crowdsourcing, cryptocurrency, dark matter, David Graeber, deglobalization, dematerialisation, disintermediation, distributed generation, don't be evil, Douglas Engelbart, Douglas Engelbart, Edward Snowden, Elon Musk, en.wikipedia.org, Eratosthenes, ethereum blockchain, facts on the ground, Flash crash, Frank Gehry, Frederick Winslow Taylor, future of work, Georg Cantor, gig economy, global supply chain, Google Earth, Google Glasses, Guggenheim Bilbao, High speed trading, Hyperloop, illegal immigration, industrial robot, information retrieval, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), intermodal, Internet of things, invisible hand, Jacob Appelbaum, Jaron Lanier, John Markoff, Jony Ive, Julian Assange, Khan Academy, liberal capitalism, lifelogging, linked data, Mark Zuckerberg, market fundamentalism, Marshall McLuhan, Masdar, McMansion, means of production, megacity, megastructure, Menlo Park, Minecraft, Monroe Doctrine, Network effects, new economy, offshore financial centre, oil shale / tar sands, packet switching, PageRank, pattern recognition, peak oil, peer-to-peer, performance metric, personalized medicine, Peter Eisenman, Peter Thiel, phenotype, Philip Mirowski, Pierre-Simon Laplace, place-making, planetary scale, RAND corporation, recommendation engine, reserve currency, RFID, Robert Bork, Sand Hill Road, self-driving car, semantic web, sharing economy, Silicon Valley, Silicon Valley ideology, Slavoj Žižek, smart cities, smart grid, smart meter, social graph, software studies, South China Sea, sovereign wealth fund, special economic zone, spectrum auction, Startup school, statistical arbitrage, Steve Jobs, Steven Levy, Stewart Brand, Stuxnet, Superbowl ad, supply-chain management, supply-chain management software, TaskRabbit, the built environment, The Chicago School, the scientific method, Torches of Freedom, transaction costs, Turing complete, Turing machine, Turing test, universal basic income, urban planning, Vernor Vinge, Washington Consensus, web application, Westphalian system, WikiLeaks, working poor, Y Combinator
In twelfth century Majorca, Ramon Llull described logical machines, influencing Gottfried Leibniz, who developed a predictive calculus and a biliteral alphabet that, drawing on the I Ching, allowed for the formal reduction of any complex symbolic expression to a sequence of discrete binary states (zero and one, on and off). Later, the formalization of logic within the philosophy mathematics (from Pierre-Simon Laplace, to Gottlob Frege, Georg Cantor, David Hilbert, and so many others) helped to introduce, inform, and ultimately disprove a version of the Enlightenment as the expression of universal deterministic processes (of both thought and physics). In 1936, with his now-famous paper, "On Computable Numbers, with an Application to the Entscheidungsproblem," a very young Alan Turing at once introduced the theoretical basis of modern computing and demonstrated the limits of what could and could not ever be calculated and computed by a universal technology.
The Beginning of Infinity: Explanations That Transform the World by David Deutsch
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agricultural Revolution, Albert Michelson, anthropic principle, artificial general intelligence, Bonfire of the Vanities, conceptual framework, cosmological principle, dark matter, David Attenborough, discovery of DNA, Douglas Hofstadter, Eratosthenes, Ernest Rutherford, first-past-the-post, Georg Cantor, Gödel, Escher, Bach, illegal immigration, invention of movable type, Isaac Newton, Islamic Golden Age, Jacquard loom, Jacquard loom, John Conway, John von Neumann, Joseph-Marie Jacquard, Kenneth Arrow, Loebner Prize, Louis Pasteur, pattern recognition, Pierre-Simon Laplace, Richard Feynman, Richard Feynman, Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence, Stephen Hawking, supervolcano, technological singularity, The Coming Technological Singularity, the scientific method, Thomas Malthus, Thorstein Veblen, Turing test, Vernor Vinge, Whole Earth Review, William of Occam, zero-sum game
But if you believe that there are bounds on the domain in which reason is the proper arbiter of ideas, then you believe in unreason or the supernatural. Similarly, if you reject the infinite, you are stuck with the finite, and the finite is parochial. So there is no way of stopping there. The best explanation of anything eventually involves universality, and therefore infinity. The reach of explanations cannot be limited by fiat. One expression of this within mathematics is the principle, first made explicit by the mathematician Georg Cantor in the nineteenth century, that abstract entities may be defined in any desired way out of other entities, so long as the definitions are unambiguous and consistent. Cantor founded the modern mathematical study of infinity. His principle was defended and further generalized in the twentieth century by the mathematician John Conway, who whimsically but appropriately named it the mathematicians' liberation movement.
Surfaces and Essences by Douglas Hofstadter, Emmanuel Sander
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affirmative action, Albert Einstein, Arthur Eddington, Benoit Mandelbrot, Brownian motion, Chance favours the prepared mind, cognitive dissonance, computer age, computer vision, dematerialisation, Donald Trump, Douglas Hofstadter, Ernest Rutherford, experimental subject, Flynn Effect, Georg Cantor, Gerolamo Cardano, Golden Gate Park, haute couture, haute cuisine, Henri Poincaré, Isaac Newton, l'esprit de l'escalier, Louis Pasteur, Mahatma Gandhi, mandelbrot fractal, Menlo Park, Norbert Wiener, place-making, Sapir-Whorf hypothesis, Silicon Valley, statistical model, Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak, theory of mind, upwardly mobile, urban sprawl, yellow journalism, zero-sum game
Pandora's box is open and one jumps readily from four to five dimensions, then six, and so on, all the way to infinity. "What?! A space with an infinite number of dimensions? Balderdash!" Thus reacted many mathematicians at the end of the nineteenth century, yet such objections would just bring smiles to the lips of their counterparts today, for whom the idea seems self-evident. In fact, this is just the tip of the iceberg, for after the work of the German mathematician Georg Cantor, it became a commonplace that there is not just one infinity, but many infinities (of course, there are an infinite number of different infinities). Spaces with a countably infinite number of dimensions (this is the smallest version of infinity, and mathematicians would say that it is the cardinality of the set of natural numbers — that is, of the set of all whole numbers) are called "Hilbert spaces", and for theoretical physicists, quantum mechanics "lives" in such a space; that is to say, according to modern physics, our universe is based on the mathematics of Hilbert spaces.
The Art of Computer Programming by Donald Ervin Knuth
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Brownian motion, complexity theory, correlation coefficient, Donald Knuth, Eratosthenes, Georg Cantor, information retrieval, Isaac Newton, iterative process, John von Neumann, Louis Pasteur, mandelbrot fractal, Menlo Park, NP-complete, P = NP, Paul Erdős, probability theory / Blaise Pascal / Pierre de Fermat, RAND corporation, random walk, sorting algorithm, Turing machine, Y2K
It is possible to add and subtract mixed-radix numbers by using a straight- straightforward generalization of the usual addition and subtraction algorithms, provided of course that the same mixed-radix system is being used for both operands (see exercise 4.3.1-9). Similarly, we can easily multiply or divide a mixed-radix number by small integer constants, using simple extensions of the familiar pencil- and-paper methods. Mixed-radix systems were first discussed in full generality by Georg Cantor [Zeitschrift fiir Math, und Physik 14 A869), 121-128]. Exercises 26 and 29 give further information about them. Several questions concerning irrational radices have been investigated by W. Parry, Ada Math. Acad. Sci. Hung. 11 A960), 401-416. Besides the systems described in this section, several other ways to represent numbers are mentioned elsewhere in this series of books: the combinatorial num- number system (exercise 1.2.6-56); the Fibonacci number system (exercises 1.2.8-34, 5.4.2-10); the phi number system (exercise 1.2.8-35); modular representations (Section 4.3.2); Gray code (Section 7.2.1); and Roman numerals (Section 9.1).


text:
Elaborated in this piece are simple workarounds to deal with an issue on Samsung Galaxy S5 that is unable to connect to Kies through wireless (Wi-Fi) network. If you are among the GS5 owners who cannot connect Kies to your computer over a Wi-Fi connection or your computer does not show in the available list of Wi-Fi devices, then please read on.
Possible Grounds of the Problem
There are many reasons as to why your Galaxy S5 is unable to sync to Kies via Wi-Fi and the following appeared to be the most common causes:
- Kies does not support your device via Wi-Fi network.
- The wireless network where the computer is connected to is different from your mobile's wireless network. Both devices have to be connected to the same wireless network for them to sync properly.
- Sharing is disabled on Windows OS.
- Certain computer application is disrupting the connection.
Basic Workarounds
Now that we already have determined the possible causes, we may now start troubleshooting the problem.
Step 1. Make sure your device is supported by Kies through Wi-Fi. Here's how to check on it:
o Touch Menu from the Home screen.
o Touch Settings to get to the settings menu.
o Touch Connections to continue.
o Touch Kies via Wi-Fi.
NOTE: If Kies via Wi-Fi is not in the list, this means that your device is not supported by Kies. Your next option is to connect using the supplied USB/Charging cable for your device.
Step 2. Check wireless network for both the computer and mobile device. Your Galaxy S5 and the computer has to be connected on the same wireless network for them to sync.
NOTE: The computer has to be connected over Wi-Fi, instead of LAN cable.
Step 3. Check for any computer application, which likely blocks communication/connection between Samsung Kies and your device. Computer programs like firewall, anti-spyware, anti-malware, anti-virus and other security suites are found to block Samsung Kies from accessing and transferring information to your mobile device. As resolution, we suggest you to disable or turn off these programs temporarily when you are encountering connectivity issues.
Important Note:

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Sarada Ravindra
As summer winds down we not only have to start mentally preparing for the transition to fall, but we have to prepare our wardrobes. And Sarada Ravindra, founder of the casual and chic slip-on shoe brand Vayrata has you covered. The brand's first offering is a unisex slip-on shoe crafted with hand-dyed leather handmade in Mexico. The traditional shoe style was inspired by Mexican beach culture and refashioned into a more modern and sleek version that simultaneously appeals to city dwellers. As a New Yorker, Ravindra understood comfort was key in the design process. Ravindra hails from the art world; creativity is in her bones, and the truly season-less shoe is quietly statement making in its simplicity. Ravindra has plans to introduce a new style for Spring as Vayrata continues to grow.
What inspired your transition from artist to shoe designer?
I find artistry in shoe design, so for me the labels are not mutually exclusive! When I saw the slip-on shoes, I knew it was an entrepreneurial opportunity and that aspect intrigued me. The challenges of running a business, overseeing production, sales and marketing, are things I never explored as an artist.
Have there been any major challenges starting a new business in a different industry?
Absolutely. There are challenges every step of the way, especially as the brand grows. I believe our biggest challenge has been the increased sales demand and making sure we are maintaining the quality of the product.
What has been the most interesting thing you've learned since entering the design world?
Personally for me, the most interesting thing I've learned is the collaborative process of creating a brand. Having met and worked with so many gifted people in this industry has taught me the creative process doesn't just have to be an individual journey or pursuit, it can also be a collaborative effort.
How did you develop the silhouette?
We modified an already existing men's silhouette from Puerto Vallarta, Mexico. The changes we made modernized the previous style, made it clean and unisex for greater versatility. Dressed up or casual, it looks fantastic on everyone!
Do you plan on introducing any new styles to the collection?
Yes, absolutely! Next Spring, Vayarta will be introducing a new backless slide – also unisex – very chic. Another exciting development is perforated leather, which we will also be offering in the signature slip-on style in a variety of colors.
Can you describe a bit of your handmade process?
The handmade process utilizes very traditional shoe-making methods inherent to the Mexican culture. For example, our shoes continue to be made with a hand sewn Goodyear welt stitch.
What made you decide to create a style that is unisex? How does this impact the sizing model?
After perfecting the general design of the shoe, it made sense to offer it is as unisex. The fact that the shoe is unisex does not impact our sizing model. We use standard international size conversion to create our size guide.
Has living in New York City, a walker's paradise, inspired you to look at footwear design differently?
Definitely! New Yorkers do walk everywhere – while it hasn't necessarily influenced the aesthetics of the shoe, it has definitely encouraged us to incorporate comfort to improve the function and utility for our customers overall. New Yorkers know that it's important to look and feel good.
What is your favorite way to style your slippers?
Trick question! I honestly don't have a single answer for this. I wear my slip-ons with everything, from jeans and a t-shirt to dresses. I also like to wear them in an unexpected way. I'm always experimenting.
What's next for Vayarta?
Besides the new SS17 additions, for upcoming FW17 Vayarta will introduce two new suede styles (with crepe soles), also both unisex. So please stay tuned…


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Tides of Sand and Steel is a large-scale kinetic installation of defensive wall architectures that utilizes industrial greenhouse fans to slowly move sections of sand in successive stages across the exhibition hall in Si Shang Art Museum.This work examines a counter narrative to the dominant desertification discourse in Ningxia, namely of how large swaths of desert are preemptively claimed for agricultural expansion. Tides of Sand and Steel references the process by which sand formations are actively flattened and redistributed while artificial environmental systems such as greenhouses are subsequently deployed in making the land yield under all conditions. Through it's architecture the work also calls to mind the various defensive barrier structures that are mobilized on the frontier of desert expansion.
This piece was first commissioned in 2017 as part of an exhibition with the same title at Si Shang Art Museum and actualized in collaboration with ADL.


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Those involved in the legal profession in Pennsylvania are probably already aware that a judge in New York is allowing a Facebook profile into evidence for a child custody case. While social media sites like Facebook have been used in court cases before, this use of a Facebook profile may be unprecedented.
A Westchester County Supreme Court judge held that a father could provide the Facebook profile page of his ex-wife as evidence that her claims of how she cares for the couple's 4-year-old boy are exaggerated. The father contends that he has spent more time with the child in the past four years while using the woman's Facebook page to show evidence of her traveling and vacationing in places like Boston and Italy.
The attorney representing the father in this case reports that his client is a social worker and the primary caregiver for his son. The judge allowed the Facebook page evidence because the amount of time spent with each party could be relevant to the judge's custody ruling. The woman said that her Facebook page is private and that she removed her ex as a Facebook friend, but she must now submit her Facebook login information to the court.
While things posted on social media are not admissible in all court situations, judges consider a number of factors when making child custody decisions. Generally, the courts want both parents to have a relationship with their child because this is considered to be best for the child. This might mean that parents share custody or that one parent receives visitation rights. Those who are in the process of a divorce and who are making child custody arrangements may decide to consult an attorney for guidance.


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Saturday, December 7, 2019
10:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m.
The Woman's Club of Chevy Chase
7931 Connecticut Avenue
Chevy Chase, Maryland
JRA Day is a one-day showcase for artists who are members of the James Renwick Alliance. This event gives the public an opportunity to see and purchase work by artists in a variety of media.
For more information: Email us or call 301.907.3888.
JRA Day also is on Facebook
JRA Day is sponsored by the James Renwick Alliance, which celebrates and advances American Craft and craft artists by fostering education, connoisseurship, and public appreciation through programs, educational trips, publications, and recognition of excellence in the field. In addition, we provide support for craft artisis and museums, uncluding the Renwick Gallery of the Smithsonian American Art Museum.
For more information on the JRA, go to our web site at www.jra.org or visit us on Facebook.
Photo credit: Upper row far left, David Terao; bottom row far left, Ashlee Nikole Keown.
Entire site copyright 2019 James Renwick Alliance. All rights reserved.
Free admission!


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How to Mute Sound in Your Internet Browser
Easy Ways to Turn off Annoying Browser Sounds
So you have your headphones on, and you're grooving along listening to your favorite music on iTunes while you work when it happens. An ad starts blaring on a sweepstakes website you've opened, blasting your eardrums. Sound familiar?
There are many good reasons to want to turn off sounds in your internet browser. Maybe you're listening to music while you work or watching television while you enter sweepstakes, and you don't want to be interrupted. Maybe you don't want to disturb other people in the room with you, or maybe you just don't want to be scared half to death by unexpected noises blaring at you.
Luckily, you don't have to be at the mercy of ads, news broadcasts, or sweepstakes sites that blast sound when you visit them. These tips will help you disable sound in your browser, allowing you to browse the net or enter sweepstakes in peace.
How to Turn Off Sound for Individual Tabs in Your Web Browser:
Mute sounds in Firefox by looking for the speaker icon on the tab that's playing music. Clicking on the speaker icon turns off sound for that tab. Clicking the icon again turns the sound back on. This trick lets you continue to listen to sound playing in other tabs.
Disable sounds in Internet Explorer by opening Advanced Features under Settings.
Turn off sounds in Chrome: When a Chrome tab is playing sound, a little speaker icon appears on that tab. Right-click on it, and select the Mute Tab option.
Mute Safari sounds: Safari has a speaker icon in the address bar. If you click on it while on a tab that's playing sound, it mute that tab. If you click on it while on a tab that is not playing sound, it mutes all tabs.
Microsoft Edge does not currently support muting individual tabs. However, you can use the following tips to disable all sounds from whichever internet browser you use, including Edge.
Disable Sounds in Your Internet Browser Using Windows:
If you want to disable sounds from playing, rather than turning them off when they annoy you, you can prevent your internet browser from playing any sounds att all.
- Open Your Control Panel: The easiest way to open the Control Panel is to click on "Start" and then click on "Control Panel."
- Open "Internet Options": Use the search box to find the "Internet Options" section of the Control Panel.
- Select the "Advanced" Tab: The Advanced Tab is usually on the far right side of the Internet Options screen.
- Scroll Down to "Multimedia": Scroll through the options until you see the section called "Multimedia."
- Deselect the "Play Sounds" Option: Click to uncheck the option called "Play Sounds in Web pages." This will turn off all sounds in your internet browsers.
- Turn Sounds on Again When You're Ready: If you would like to resume listening to sounds on your internet browser, go through these steps again once you are done entering sweepstakes, but this time, check the "Play Sounds in Web pages" option.
Use Plug-Ins to Turn Off Browser Sounds:
You can use browser plug-in programs to modify how your internet browsers handle sounds. This gives you more control than blocking sounds from your browser altogether, since you can allow some sites to play music (like YouTube, for example). Here are some plug-ins you can try out:
- Mute Sies by Default for Firefox blocks sounds from all websites that aren't on a whitelist.
- MuteTab for Chrome helps you find which of your tabs are playing sound and lets you stop or pause the culprits. It also automatically shuts off sound for any tabs playing in the background.
- If advertisements are annoying you by auto-playing sound, ad-blocking plug-ins prevent them from running at all.
As you can see, you have several options to help you control which sounds you hear in your browser. You don't have to be annoyed by unwanted noises as you play, work, or enter sweepstakes.


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We're your nearby nature source, offering opportunities for all ages to connect with nature.
We offer school programs correlated to the Ohio Academic Content Standards at The Wilderness Center or at your site. We also have programs to meet the needs of your Scout Programs, YMCA, Homeschool or another youth group. Click here for our School and Youth Group Program Guide.
Plant the seeds of love of nature in your young child with TWC's Sprouts program. Nature Musik, Story Time, Playscape Playdates, Summer Days Enrichment, and more provide plenty of opportunities for your toddlers and pre-schoolers to grow. Click the link to view or download the brochure of upcoming events.
Spend time together as a family while exploring and learning outdoors. Attend a Roots & Branches program or borrow a family pack for a hike on your own. Click on the link to view and print a brochure of upcoming programs.
The OAKS program is the cornerstone of our life-long learning programs. Download the current OAKS program. Whether you attend a program or become an Ohio Certified Volunteer Naturalist, The Wilderness Center has much to offer! Click the link to view and print the brochure of upcoming programs.
You may also want to look at our Nature Presentations guide to find programs for your adult group. Whether you book a program for your community organization, at your site or at TWC, you are bound to find something to entertain and engage everyone! Check the calendar for upcoming events.


text: Ratko Mladic seen in Serbia's capital, Belgrade, in May 1993 [File: Petar Kujundzic/Reuters] "All my children were killed." "Six sons, two brothers ... and finally my sister was hanged." "My four brothers ... and my father is the fifth ... they never came back ... I only have my mother left, nobody else ..." "I lost my brother, my two nephews ... my five grandchildren, my two sons ..." "When I add it up, 24 of them were swallowed up by Srebrenica ..." Year after year, one testimony follows another. I have been recording them for over two decades. They are the testimonies of mostly women - and some male - survivors of the Bosnian war, whose loved ones were killed in the genocide committed in the Bosnian town of Srebrenica in July 1995, by the Serb forces led by General Ratko Mladic. The survivors are now anxiously awaiting news from The Hague, where a first-instance verdict is due to be pronounced against Mladic before the International War Crimes Tribunal. Mladic was indicted and charged with genocide in Srebrenica and six other municipalities in Bosnia Herzegovina, in addition to ethnic cleansing; killings; inhumane actions; destruction of mosques and Catholic churches; and the siege of Sarajevo. Those how have lost people dearest to their heart see Mladic as a symbol of the project of evil, designed and prepared so as to enable the perpetration of genocide, a symbol of the system that hid traces of crimes and consequences of genocide and continues to hide them in mass graves across Bosnia and Herzegovina. I have spent hundreds of days and nights in the company of those who have spent years searching for the mortal remains of their loved ones. Searching for their bones, buried deep in the Bosnian soil. I witnessed their enormous grief. I watched mothers caress the only recovered bone belonging to their sons, talking to that piece of skeleton as if it were a living man. I was moved by their stories, both as a journalist and a human being. They are my most important source of information, my key method of preparation. For they speak without calculations. They speak the truth. And on the day of the pronouncement of the verdict against Mladic, their words will be the loudest. Giving them a chance to speak means practising journalism in the only right way: "Giving a voice to the voiceless!" In conclusion, there is no balance and neutrality in reporting on crimes. There is no even distribution of media time between criminals and victims. Criminals and their representatives must not be given an opportunity to promote crimes under the guise of objectivity, which is not the same as neutrality. Ed Vulliamy, a British-Irish reporter who covered the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina and has been credited with discovering Serb concentration camps in northwestern Bosnia, wrote in his book on the war in Bosnia: "I believe that there are moments in history when neutrality is not neutral, but becomes complicit in the crime. I'm not neutral between the camp guards and the prisoners, between the raped women and the beasts who raped them." These words should be reiterated. They are important. Follow Adnan Rondic on Twitter @AdnanAJB People & Power Chasing Mladic: The Hunt for the 'Butcher of Bosnia' SOURCE: Al Jazeera News ABOUT THE AUTHOR Adnan RondicAdnan Rondic is a senior reporter and presenter at Al Jazeera Balkans. @ AdnanAJB Europe Bosnia Genocide War & Conflict


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Seed Newsvine
This clip presents a view from the Human Rights Campaign with which I agree. I am sharing this with you because it is time for rational Americans to stand up against the hateful rhetoric that comes from the religious right in this nation. What are they afraid of?


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This page provides an overview of all changes and releases of Centurial.
A service release
Search, Filter, Auto Correlator, Time of Event and more.
Browser extensions and Extensibility
A release full of improvements and feature requests by users.
Centurial and the GEDCOM - part II
Centurial and the GEDCOM - part I
A small service release.
The first, fully supported Centurial release.
This release is a complete revision of earlier versions, in preparation of the release of v1.0 later this October.


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Samford is a national pillar for educating with strength and purpose. Since 1841, Samford has been preparing students to use their talents to impact the world. Your future doesn't wait. Learn more about Alabama's #1 nationally ranked university by The Wall Street Journal (2019).
Admission Timeline
Students Come from 28 Countries and 47 States


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WASHINGTON, DC – (July 31, 2018) – Events DC, the official convention and sports authority of the District of Columbia, announced today that its Senior Research Policy Analyst Steve Schwartz was bestowed the 2018 Convention Center Lifetime Achievement Award. The award was presented during the International Association of Venue Managers' (IAVM) 93rd Annual Conference, VenueConnect 2018 in Toronto, Canada.
The Lifetime Achievement Award is given to an exceptional leader with significant contributions to IAVM and the convention center industry. Representing public assembly venues from around the globe, IAVM's active members include managers and senior executives from auditorium, arenas, convention centers, exhibit halls, stadiums, performing arts centers, university complexes and amphitheaters.
Schwartz was recognized for his 35 years of service to the industry, 32 of which were with the Walter E. Washington Convention Center. He joined the organization in 1986 as an Event Coordinator at the Walter E. Washington Convention Center. Since then, he has held various positions in convention management and facility operations prior being named to his current role Senior Research Policy Analyst in 2008.
"We could not be prouder of Steve's lifetime award recognition by industry peers. He continues to make an impact in this realm on how venues are effectively managed, influencing current and future leaders," said Gregory A. O'Dell, president and chief executive officer of Events DC. "Steve has a wealth of experiences and vast knowledge which has been instrumental in the development of policies to successfully position the Walter E. Washington Convention Center as a venue leader in the United States and the world."
Among his many achievements at Events DC, Schwartz created the customer satisfaction program to routinely measure, analyze and report on client event experiences at the Convention Center. He consults with departments and leaders across the organization, providing insights and statistical data, as well as drafting reports and business practices.
"Steve has made a tremendous impact at the Walter E. Washington Convention Center for over the past 32 years," said Samuel Thomas, senior vice president and general manager of Events DC and the Walter E. Washington Convention Center. "He is always willing to make himself and his work available to a wide group of people. The customer satisfaction program has been instrumental in our efforts to provide world class service to our clients."
"It is truly an honor to be recognized by peers," said Schwartz. "This award is not just about me, but the collaborative efforts and successes over the years among industry peers and with Events DC colleagues. We often have good results for today, but that should always be leveraged to get great results."
Schwartz has held many leadership roles under IAVM, serving on the Convention Center Sector Committee, Industry Affairs Council, Exhibit Industry Task Force, Research Advisory Council and Economic Impact Advisory Committee.
"On behalf of the Convention Center Committee, I want to congratulate Steve Schwartz for earning and deserving this prestigious award for his continued commitment and dedication to the convention center industry, said Naz Sabripour, CEM, CVP, vice chair of the Convention Centers Committee of IAVM. "His multitude of contributions, outstanding service, and passion are integral, beneficial, and truly inspirational to the industry."
"Steve's contribution to the convention center industry and our association are manifold. The Lifetime Achievement Award Subcommittee was presented with and evaluated many professionals but Steve's nomination rose to the top," said Stacey Church, sub-committee chair of the Convention Center Lifetime Achievement Award of IAVM. "His dedication and commitment to working on forward thinking projects is evident in his everyday actions. Thank you, Steve, keep up the great work, and congratulations!"
Schwartz was a founding member of the Event Services Professionals Association (ESPA), an organization that represents professionals and young professionals from conventions and visitors' bureaus, hotels and convention centers. He was also instrumental in establishing IAVM's VenueDataSource research program, a process for tracking and recording operational and business metrics for venues.
A graduate of Washington University, Schwartz earned BA in Theater.
About Events DC
Events DC, the official convention and sports authority for the District of Columbia, delivers premier event services and flexible venues across the nation's capital. Leveraging the power of a world-class destination and creating amazing attendee experiences, Events DC generates economic and community benefits through the attraction and promotion of business, athletic, entertainment and cultural activities. Events DC oversees the Walter E. Washington Convention Center, an anchor of the District's hospitality and tourism economy that hosts more than 1.7 million visitors and generates more than $400 million annually in total economic impact, and the historic Carnegie Library at Mt. Vernon Square. Events DC manages the RFK Stadium-Armory Campus (RFK Campus), including Robert F. Kennedy Memorial Stadium, Festival Grounds at RFK Campus, the non-military functions of the DC Armory and the Skate Park at RFK Campus. Stay current on the 190-acre RFK Campus Redevelopment Project at www.RFKCampus.com. Events DC also built and serves as landlord for Nationals Park, the first LEED-certified major professional sports stadium in the United States. Events DC manages Gateway DC, R.I.S.E. Demonstration Center and is building the Entertainment & Sports Arena (www.ESAontheRise.com), all conveniently located in the Congress Heights neighborhood of Washington, DC. For more information, please visit www.eventsdc.com and find us on social media – Facebook (Events DC), Twitter (@TheEventsDC), and Instagram (@EventsDC).
About IAVM: Representing public assembly venues from around the globe, IAVM's 5,600 active members include managers and senior executives from auditoriums, arenas, convention centers, exhibit halls, stadiums, performing arts centers, university complexes, racetracks, and amphitheaters. IAVM's mission is to educate, advocate for, and inspire public assembly venue professionals worldwide. More information about IAVM is available at www.IAVM.org or via @IAVMWHQ on Twitter.


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|"Are you a wizard or not?"
The title of this article is conjectural. Although it is based on canonical information, the actual name is conjecture and may be supplanted at any time by additional information released from canonical sources. If this occurs, please move this page to the appropriate title.
|Dungeon hall
|Location information
The dungeon hall is a large hall in the dungeons of Hogwarts Castle. It is located at one end of the Dungeon Corridor. A staircase leads off one of the walls here, at the bottom of which is the entrance to the Slytherin Dungeon. A room near this hall was once used by the young Rubeus Hagrid to house his pet Acromantula, Aragog.
- Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets (film)
- Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix (video game)
- Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince (video game)
Community content is available under CC-BY-SA unless otherwise noted.


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Paulina at the Bookaholic Dreamer nominated me for the Mystery Blogger Award. She's a psychology student in Scotland, a member of Ravenclaw, and loves books! I enjoy reading her book reviews and tags. If you haven't checked out her blog, yet, I encourage you to do so.
Thank you, Paulina, for nominating me!
So what is the "Mystery Blogger Award," you ask? Well, according to Okoto Enigma, it is an award "for amazing bloggers with ingenious posts. Their blog not only captivates; it inspires and motivates. They are one of the best out there, and they deserve every recognition they get. This award is also for bloggers who find fun and inspiration in blogging; and they do it with so much love and passion."
- Put the award logo/image on your blog
- List the rules.
- Thank whoever nominated you and provide a link to their blog.
- Mention the creator of the award and provide a link as well
- Tell your readers 3 things about yourself
- You have to nominate 10 – 20 people
- Notify your nominees by commenting on their blog
- Ask your nominees any 5 questions of your choice; with one weird or funny question (specify)
- Share a link to your best post(s)
Three Things About Me:
- I would gladly subsist on a diet of cheese crackers, gin and tonics and Oreos. (Please don't tell my boyfriend, who teaches classes on nutrition!)
- On my last vacation (which was too long ago), I swam in a cenote, had my cards read, plastered myself with mud, and sweated it out in a Temazcal ceremony.
- Four of my favorite TV characters are Olivia Benson from Law & Order, SVU; Jessica Pearson from Suits; Mrs. Maisel from the Marvelous Mrs. Maisel; and Leslie Knope from Parks and Rec.
My Best Posts:
- Circe by Madeline Miller
- Can you Pass the Acid Test?
- 12 Cocktails to Pair with Books by Women
- Destination Unknown
**These are the posts I'm most proud of, not necessarily the ones that got the most views.
Paulina's Questions:
1. Describe your dream house and where it would be. No money limits!
For someone living in the Seattle area who hasn't been able to secure reasonable housing, this is a sore topic. Property prices are INSANE here. However, if money wasn't a factor, I'd have a single-family home with a view of Puget Sound. It'd be nice to have a covered porch, so I could sit out there on a hot summer's night, drinking G&T's and reading a book.
It would have a gourmet kitchen, a music room (my piano is currently in storage), and a craft room so I could sew again. Of course, there would be plenty of room for books. I like the look of this space:
2. Do you have any auto-buy authors?
Most of my favorite authors are dead, so if they publish something new, I'd be astonished. As I've mentioned a time or twenty on this blog, I love Jane Austen. I also love Georgette Heyer, Hunter S. Thompson, and David Foster Wallace.
Contemporary authors I adore are Frederik Backman, Neil Gaiman, and Robin Sloan.
3. What's your Hogwarts house and do you feel like you belong to it? (My apologies for this one if you happen to not be a HP fan 😅)
Like Paulina, the Sorting Hat put me in Ravenclaw.
- Or yet in wise old Ravenclaw,
If you've a ready mind,
Where those of wit and learning,
Will always find their kind.
–The Sorting Hat, Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone
- Or yet in wise old Ravenclaw,
4. What is your perfect day like?
My perfect day would involve sleeping in until 10 or 11, a leisurely meal with a fancy cocktail, exploring an interesting part of town (Georgetown or Capitol Hill maybe), listening to music and reading books…and making out with my boyfriend…
5. Weird/funny: what do you do when no one is around or watching? I sing along very loudly and dramatically to all my favorite songs. I particularly like "At the Dark End of the Street" by Percy Sledge and "Sunday Kind of Love" by Etta James.
My Nominees:
- Books and Blends | @booksandblends
- Years of Reading Selfishly | @yearsofreading
- IntactAwesomeness | @soma_sahni
- A Cat, A Book and a Cup of Tea | @Cat_book_tea
- A Crave for Books | @acraveforbooks <–My Comment Challenge Partner!
- Books and Fables | @BooksAndFables
- The Book Raven
- Lindsay Acland | @LindsayJour
- The Bibliophagist | @bblphgst
- Tar Heel Reader | @tarheelfit
My Questions:
- What three characters (from a book, TV show, or movie) would you like to have as guests at a dinner party?
- What fictional world would you most like to visit?
- How do you get to your job/school now? If you lived in a fantasy world, how would you get to your job/school?
- What are you most proud of?
- (My "weird" question) What is your theme song?
Thank you, Paulina, for nominating me! This is such a fun experience and it's great to connect with more bloggers, share some of my favorite blog posts and engage with readers.
To my nominees, I look forward to seeing your responses!


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Conveyancing is a legal requirement when buying or selling property or land, transferring ownership from seller to buyer.
Customers use our service to compare conveyancing quotes based on price, location and service rating, made possible by the quality assured solicitor and licensed conveyancing firms with whom we partner.
Our conveyancing platforms provide an online solution, encompassing nationwide coverage of over 200 of the UK's leading solicitor and licensed conveyancer firms who are committed to delivering an enhanced service proposition for your conveyancing needs.
Choosing and instructing a solicitor takes only a few minutes and gives you complete peace of mind knowing that your sale and/or purchase is in safe and experienced hands.
We collaborate with some of the most reputable companies in the market, including HomeOwners Alliance, Pelican Conveyancing and uSwitch to offer the following services:
- Sale only
- Purchase only
- Simultaneous sale and purchase
- Remortgage
- Transfer of equity
- Buy to Let conveyancing
Our customers benefit from:
- Value for money – Competitive, no-obligation quotes from top rated solicitors.
- Expertise – Specialist firms available nationally for all your residential and buy to let property needs.
- Fast and simple to use – User-friendly online system.
- Transparent – Fully inclusive personalised quote.
- Choice – Over 200 experienced firms to choose from based on price, service rating and/or distance from the property.
- Quality assurance – All panel firms are regulated by either the Solicitors Regulation Authority or the Council for Licensed Conveyancers and undergo full due diligence procedures prior to being accepted onto panel.
- No completion 'no legal fee' guarantee*.
- Language choice – Multilingual panel supporting 45 languages.
- Case access – Track your case progress 24/7 in addition to receiving ongoing email updates.
- Support – A friendly UK based helpdesk available 7 days a week.
* excludes disbursements (e.g. searches)
Service provider
Our conveyancing comparison service is provided by United Legal Services Limited, a wholly owned subsidiary of ULS Technology plc.


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Navarre, FL Lawn Care Services
Ensec Pest and Lawn is a company dedicated to improving your lawn in a variety of ways. We provide the tools as well as the skilled professionals who can improve your daily life through the intelligent application of appropriate lawn care techniques. There are many ways to cultivate a healthy outdoor environment, so your family and friends can enjoy holidays and celebrations without any problems.
Ensec's Aeration Services
Ensec provides exceptional aeration services for customers who want to enjoy the benefits of a healthy lawn. Our professionals use a machine that is designed to provide the roots and core areas of the lawn with nutritional support. Aeration can take place any time during the year, and many people can benefit from these treatments over a period of time. Nourishing the roots of any lawn can boost the growth of any back yard. The healthy grass can improve the overall look of your lawn, and this has an effect on the perceived value of the property. Let an Ensec lawn professional give you an estimate of these important services.
Ensec Sodding and Plugging
If your lawn has bare patches, it can affect your entire back yard. Lawn renovation can be prohibitively expensive under the wrong conditions. The affordable solution to this situation is Ensec's sod and plugs. Damage to any part of the lawn can have a detrimental effect to the property as a whole. Plugs are small patches that can take care of these spots without incurring large costs. In some cases, the area will need to be treated with various products or sprays. In many cases, the old layers of grass, weeds and other debris need to be removed before the new sod can be successfully installed.
Ensec's Tree and Shrub Program
Ensec offers a comprehensive tree and shrubbery plan to individuals interested in developing their landscape. We provide services that are designed to create beautiful and sophisticated designs. These services include fertilizers, pest control and related procedures. Our professionals can help you to control the environment in order to create the conditions that are productive to an attractive landscape.
Professional Weed Control
Ensec offers professional weed control services to all customers. Weed control can take place on several levels. The soil can be cultivated in order to prevent weeds from growing, and this process may involve pre-emergent treatment, insecticides and turf analysis. Grass cultivation is an effective method for squeezing out weeds, and our treatment team understands the best method to use for any situation. Weeds can implant their seeds in any vulnerable soil, so our company provides customers with analytical services as well as active treatment plans.
Ensec's Quality Control
Ensec Pest and Lawn is a dedicated company offering comprehensive lawn care services to anyone in need of any home improvement. This may include aeration, weed control, tree and shrub planting, and insect control services. Our professionals are experienced in diagnostic processes and various applications of many different kinds of lawn care. If you need exceptional results, contact a friendly Ensec customer service representative today. We will be happy to answer any questions about our products and services.
For Navarre Pest Control Services click here!