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|Apr 03, 2014
Nanotubes made from plants could allow delivery of DNA into cells, improve chemotherapy treatment
|(Nanowerk News) Researchers with the University of Floridas Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences took what some would consider garbage and made a remarkable scientific tool, one that could someday help to correct genetic disorders or treat cancer without chemotherapys nasty side effects ("Lignin Nanotubes As Vehicles for Gene Delivery into Human Cells").
|Wilfred Vermerris, an associate professor in UFs department of microbiology and cell science, and Elena Ten, a postdoctoral research associate, created from plant waste a novel nanotube, one that is much more flexible than rigid carbon nanotubes currently used. The researchers say the lignin nanotubes about 500 times smaller than a human eyelash can deliver DNA directly into the nucleus of human cells in tissue culture, where this DNA could then correct genetic conditions. Experiments with DNA injection are currently being done with carbon nanotubes, as well.
|That was a surprising result, Vermerris said. If you can do this in actual human beings you could fix defective genes that cause disease symptoms and replace them with functional DNA delivered with these nanotubes.
|The nanotube is made up of lignin from plant material obtained from a UF biofuel pilot facility in Perry, Fla. Lignin is an integral part of the secondary cell walls of plants and enables water movement from the roots to the leaves, but it is not used to make biofuels and would otherwise be burned to generate heat or electricity at the biofuel plant. The lignin nanotubes can be made from a variety of plant residues, including sorghum, poplar, loblolly pine and sugar cane.
|The researchers first tested to see if the nanotubes were toxic to human cells and were surprised to find that they were less so than carbon nanotubes. Thus, they could deliver a higher dose of medicine to the human cell tissue. Then they researched if the nanotubes could deliver plasmid DNA to the same cells and that was successful, too. A plasmid is a small DNA molecule that is physically separate from, and can replicate independently of, chromosomal DNA within a cell.
|Its not a very smooth road because we had to try different experiments to confirm the results, Ten said. But it was very fruitful.
|In cases of genetic disorders, the nanotube would be loaded with a functioning copy of a gene, and injected into the body, where it would target the affected tissue, which then makes the missing protein and corrects the genetic disorder.
|Although Vermerris cautioned that treatment in humans is many years away, among the conditions that these gene-carrying nanotubes could correct include cystic fibrosis and muscular dystrophy. But, he added, that patients would have to take the corrective DNA via nanotubes on a continuing basis.
|Another application under consideration is to use the lignin nanotubes for the delivery of chemotherapy drugs in cancer patients. The nanotubes would ensure the drugs only get to the tumor without affecting healthy tissues.
|Vermerris said they created different types of nanotubes, depending on the experiment. They could also adapt nanotubes to a patients specific needs, a process called customization.
|You can think about it as a chest of drawers and, depending on the application, you open one drawer or use materials from a different drawer to get things just right for your specific application, he said. Its not very difficult to do the customization.
|The next step in the research process is for Vermerris and Ten to begin experiments on mice. They are in the application process for those experiments, which would take several years to complete. If those are successful, permits would need to be obtained for their medical school colleagues to conduct research on human patients, with Vermerris and Ten providing the nanotubes for that research.
|We are a long way from that point, Vermerris said. Thats the optimistic long-term trajectory.
|Source: By Kimberly Moore Wilmoth, University of Central Florida
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The $.299 price is listed in the ad is for a rental. I've only rented a digital product once. It doesn't seem worth the cost but it is quick and easy. Live and learn.
What I find amazing is that the DVD ranges from $4.99 to $24.99. Who pays $24.99 for a DVD? The Blu Ray is less than $18.00.
Since I was already there, I loaded some music to my phone for the ride home. Twenty One Pilot's Levitate is catchy. The album is less than 11 bucks.
So much for saving money.

subset: commoncrawl


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Archival donations come to the museum through a variety of sources. This past spring the archive received a donation from Walker Methodist Care Center. Dr. Hayward McKerson had passed away in December 2017 and with no known surviving family members, the care center reached out to the archive to see if we had any interest in some of his photos and a few personal papers. The papers and photos of Hayward and his wife, Effie, share the story of an African American family that were active in their community and worked to stand up to discrimination faced by themselves and other African Americans.
Hayward grew up in Oklahoma, graduating from Douglass High School in Ardmore in June 1945. He served in the military for a time and attended Fisk University. He would ultimately become an engineer. Effie Stoker McKerson was born in Henderson, Texas in 1924 and she passed away in 2012. She was trained as a school teacher. Hayward and Effie settled in Edina in 1968, when a job transfer brought them to Minnesota. Eventually, he became the President of his own company, McKerson Chemical Corporation and Effie taught in the Edina Public School system.
The couple were very active in their community. They were both NAACP members and Hayward was active in the Elks and the Masons. Effie was active on the Edina Community Staff Advisory Council, the National Education Association, and Minnesota Education Associations. She also was very active in the Republican political party throughout the 1970s and 1980s. She served as a Minnesota delegate for President Ford to the 1976 National Republican Convention. And during the 1970s served as the Republican chairwoman for Minnesota. In 1975, she represented Minnesota on a trip to China, known as the U.S.-China Friendship Tour.
In 1982, Effie found herself in the middle of an affirmative action plan fight in the Edina public school district. Nine white elementary school teachers claimed they were "being laid off while a black teacher with less seniority" was able to keep her job. The teachers' objections were with the affirmative action plan, which had been drafted by the school in the 1960s with the goal of recruiting more minority teachers. Eventually the controversy passed when some of the layoff teachers were rehired and other retired or resigned, and Effie continued to teach elementary school. Because of the controversy the school district adopted a new affirmative action plan.
The above photo of Hayward and Effie, in the middle, can be found in the McKerson Family collection in the Hennepin History Museum archives.
"Edina teacher named to the HEW advisory panel." Minneapolis Tribune. January 22, 1973.
"Margaret Morris Column." Minneapolis Tribune. September 29, 1975.
"Teacher layoffs test Edina affirmative action plan." Minneapolis Star Tribune. May 6, 1982.
"Budget backlash in Edina challenges school district's affirmative action plan." Minneapolis Star Tribune. May 13, 1982.


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Lycoming NY ZIP Code
Lycoming city is located in New York State, Oswego County and has a unique zip code assigned by the US Postal Service Office.
You can search for the Lycoming NY zip code by its streets and block numbers if we have some of the Lycoming streets loaded in our website
Lycoming Area Code is 315 and Time Zone is Eastern (GMT -05:00).
Lycoming Zip Code - New York
The US ZIP Code basic format consists of five decimal numerical digits assigned to the Lycoming City. An extended ZIP+4 code, introduced in the 1980s, includes the five digits of the Lycoming ZIP code, a hyphen, and four more digits that determine a more specific location within a given ZIP code in Lycoming, New York.
The Lycoming Zip Code is 13093.
If you want to send a mail to Lycoming City, you should use the 13093 Zip Code.
In 1983, the U.S. Postal Service introduced an expanded Lycoming ZIP code system that it called ZIP+4, often called "plus-four codes", "add-on codes", or "add ons". A ZIP+4 code uses the basic 13093 Zip code plus four additional digits to identify a geographic segment within the five-digit delivery area, such as a Lycoming city block, a group of apartments, an individual high-volume receiver of mail or any other unit that could use an extra identifier to aid in efficient mail sorting and delivery in New York.


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"A Christmas Miracle"
Happy Holidays!
Dave called it a Christmas miracle that I was cooking. We're leaving town for a week and had plans to eat with his family, so the fridge is empty. But Simone has a high fever, we're all under the weather, and Christmas plans were cancelled. And all the stores are closed.
I dredged together a potato soup using scraps and my Grandma Jo's West Virginia recipe (she's turning 90 next week and we're planning on celebrating with her).
I also made these muffins using baby carrots that would've gone to waste. Simone ate three after initially throwing one on the ground. They taste better than they look.
Recipe here: http://reallifedinner.com/the-best-toddler-muffins/
Here's to resourcefulness, family, health, and a happy new year!


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fabric pages:
(includes cotton, rayon,
and man-made fibers)
Corset stays
Books, odds and esoteric stuff
non-store stuff
About Class Act Fabrics
contact me at:
Linda Learn
Class Act Fabrics
PO Box 307
(570) 836-2318
email me at
Linda (at) classactfabrics (dot) com
Class Act Fabrics
...Displays at the Dietrich Theater..
Here are some jpg of the display cases in the lobby of the Dietrich Theater. The first set were displayed during the month of January 2002.
These articles belong to several members of the Society for Creative Anachronism (a non-profit, educational organization that selectively re-creates the Middle Ages without the plague, pestilence or poverty), in the Barony of Endless Hills. Most of the articles, except for the weapons, were made by their owners.
For more information on the Society for Creative Anachronism go to http://www.sca.org/ . For information on the Kingdom of AEthelmearc (most of PA, a lot of NY, some of W. VA), go to http://www.aethelmearc.org . For information on the Barony of Endless Hills (northeast PA), go to http://endlesshills.aethelmearc.net/Home.htm
and another set of showcases....I believe in April of 2001...for Tom and Anne's wedding. These were wedding gowns that are in the keeping of the Wyoming County Historical Society and Old Mill Village.
finally put up 3/1/2007


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Rachael Gouvignon Biography,Wiki,Bio,Age,Boyfriend Details| The Bachelor Australia Season 4 Cast Rachael Gouvignon Wikipedia and Profile: Rachael Gouvignon is a Support Worker and contestant in popular Australian dating show The Bachelor Australia Season 4. The fourth season of the Bachelor Australia premiered on July 27, 2016. This season features Richie Strahan, a 31-year-old rope access technician from Perth, Western Australia, courting 22 women. He was last seen on the first season of The Bachelorette Australia, where he finished in third place. Get here complete information about Rachael Gouvignon Wiki and Biography, and many more details.
Rachael Gouvignon Biography,Wiki,Bio,Age,Boyfriend Details| The Bachelor Australia
Rachael Gouvignon Wiki and Biography: Rachael Gouvignon is a 31 years old Support Worker and hails from Perth, Western Australia. She is currently appear in the popular TV dating show The Bachelor Australia Season 4, in which, she is one of 22 beautiful ladies, trying to impress Richie Starhan. She is a very beautiful, bubby and charming. Now, it will looking interesting, what she doing to impress Richie on the show.
Rachael Gouvignon in The Bachelor Australia Season 4: Rachael Gouvignon is one of the 22 contestant of the show. Because of her strong personality, she is cast in the show.
Boyfriend: She is not in relationship with anyone. She is completely single.
Rachael Gouvignon Bio:
- Name: Rachael Gouvignon
- Occupation: Support Worker
- Age: 31
- From: Perth, Western Australia
- Nationality: Australian
Must Check:
- Olena Khamula Wiki and Biography
- Noni Janur Wiki and Biography
- Nikki Gogan Wiki and Biography
- Megan Marx Wiki and Biography
- Marja Jacobsen Wiki and Biography
We will come back with more interesting stuff, till than, take care and stay blessed.


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Yakubu Dogara: How Politicians Use Religion To Divide Nigeria
Estimated Reading Time: <1
It is important to remember always that Nigeria was born in diversity: the 1914 amalgamation brought together a potpourri of ethnic nationalities hitherto constituted as independent geopolitical as well as sociocultural entities. Diversity is therefore our historical reality. This ageless diversity question is founded on ethnic, political, economic, social, cultural, geographical and religious or faith platforms. No wonder therefore that pretty early in the life of Nigeria's nationhood, in an argument about governance by two nationalist leaders, Sir Ahmadu, Bello the Sardauna of Sokoto in retorting to an appeal by Sir Nnamdi Azikiwe that they should forget their differences, is quoted as saying "let us not forget our differences, let us understand our differences and in so doing build unity in our country."
Nigeria's huge population of over 160 million comprises diverse ethnic nationalities and cultures. With over 250 ethnic nationalities speaking over 1000 languages and dialects, and a complexity of cultural milieu, not many nations on the face of this earth can lay claim to such complex diversity. The question would arise as to whether this ethno – cultural diversity is a liability or asset to national unity and development. I would make bold to opine that this is an asset because with such a complex variety, there can be no dull moment as variety is not in short supply, thus constituting an inexhaustible barn of raw materials for the tourism and entertainment industry. Again if focus on the value added that this diversity in ethnicity and culture brings to the table of our developmental quest, we can only appreciate God for this gift.
The other form of diversity that our nation is blessed with is RELIGION. Majorly, Nigerians profess Christianity, Islam and traditional religious beliefs. Religion, we all know is man's relationship with God or gods as the case may be. It is also often propagated that love of God and love of fellow man is at the centre of all religious beliefs. Ordinarily therefore, if majority of Nigerians profess these three religions, then religion should be the first centripetal force to reduce our ethno- cultural diversity from 250 ethnic nationalities and over 1000 languages to a diversity of 3 groups. Put differently, religion ought to be a factor for national unity and by necessary implication national development.
Nigeria also enjoys the benefit of geographical diversity: with a territory spanning 923, 768 square kilometers, stretching from the desert in the north through the mangrove swamps to the Atlantic Ocean in the south, the diversity of fertile arable land is immense, providing for vast diversity of crop and other forms of agriculture. This geographical diversity has proven to be for mutual complementary coexistence : that is why the cola nut which is worshiped in the east and consumed in the north is grown in the west of the country; that is why petroleum minerals are predominantly in the riverine south but gypsum, a major solid mineral critical in it's exploitation is in the middle belt and northern parts; that is why the trucks move the yams from the north to the south and return to the north with Loads of plantain from the south. The geographical diversity therefore provides comparative advantage for each section and for the mutual needs for all.
It does appear that all these diversities are in themselves perfect building blocks for national unity and development, the reality has not been exactly so. I believe this is the reality that brings out the true essence of this conference: Nigeria's diversity which ought to be a propeller to unity for national development is being misappropriated to the results of cancerous hiccups to the contrary.
I should like to quickly state that two artificial diversities are the architects of this misappropriation namely, politics and economics. The population suffers from acute economic inequalities and in the fierce economic competition that ensues, disadvantages are blamed on the doorstep of ethnicity, religion and geopolitics. Sometimes the divide in socioeconomic opportunities is explained away on partisan political cleavages.
Politics, indeed partisan politics is played by fanning the embers of ethnicity, religion and geopolitics to canvass and sustain support on the one hand and to build fences of defense for unrealized ambitions or even social misdemeanors. This then are the circumstances in which these natural diversities are altered from being constructive centripetal to destructive centrifugal forces to our quest for national unity and development.
Politicization of ethnicity; politicization of religion, politicization of cultural diversity, politicization of socioeconomic patronages, politicization of development and even politicization of national unity, strangely, perhaps, if you will excuse me, politicization of politics itself. Now as if these were not bad enough, ethnicity and religion have become the greatest spices for our politics and governance. These are paradoxes.
To appropriate our diversity for national unity and development we must resolve these paradoxes. Where for instance is the place of ideology in our politics? where is the place of love for God and man in our religious beliefs and where is the place of transparency in our governance? I have no doubt that the composition of this conference possess the capacity to call the critical shots for the resolution of these paradoxes.
It remains for me perhaps to remind the youths of Nigeria that the future of the country is firmly in your hands, it is therefore of immense interest that you are rising to the challenge by bringing these matters unto the front burner through fora such as this. I therefore charge you to ensure that the outcomes of this conference are deployed towards the promotion of national unity and development. For our part in the legislature, we shall continue to provide the requisite legal framework to enhance youth participation in governance.
Dogara, Speaker, House of Representatives, gave this address at a 'Youths Diversity Conference,' in Abuja on May 23, 2016
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The BBC is looking for single men from North Devon and single women from the Highlands of Scotland to take part in a new series for BBC One.
The project will look at how difficult it can be to meet new people when you're living in a small town, and hopes to help by introducing single people from two rural towns, at opposite ends of the country, in the hope of sparking some romance.
This is not a cheesy dating show!
Eight bachelors from a pretty countryside town in the south of England, will be introduced to single women from the Scottish Highlands. They will spend a week in each others community, during which time they will get to know each other through a series of social events and dates. All of these activities will be based in and around the stunning areas in which they live.
If you are a single woman aged between 35-45 living in the Highlands, or a Single man aged between 35–65 living in North Devon then we would like to offer you the opportunity to have a summer with a difference!
If you are interested in finding out more, please call for a no-obligation chat ASAP.
phone: 0117 974 7651 or 0117 974 7675
email: email@example.com
postal address:
BBC Bristol Room
Whiteladies Road
Bristol BS8 2LR
Love in a Small Town BBC
Be on TV ! This forum is where we place announcements from various production companies looking for audience members, participants, contributors or contestants.
Note this is not a full service but contains information we come across.
Note this is not a full service but contains information we come across.
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Thing-a-Week #52
March 26, 2012 2 Comments
Last March, I pledged to try to do one fiber-related thing each week for a year. And here I am, one year later, having mostly fulfilled that commitment. Sure, I took a whole quarter off, and this week's Thing is fully a week late, but who's counting?
For my final Thing, I wove another pooling scarf. This is something I promised to a friend at Stitches West, using some yarn she bought at the show.
The warp is Western Sky Knits Magnolia Sock (superwash merino, cashmere, & nylon) in "Fall Sky," and the weft is Valley Yarns 10/2 Bamboo in "Silver Grey." Seems a fitting end to this project, don't you think?
Thanks, everyone, for following along. I'll no doubt be posting more of my fibery adventures, just not on this cadence. Next, I think I'll be lazy for a little bit then start looking at some longer-term projects. Stay tuned!


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Earn points toward FREE PIZZA with Piece of the Pie Rewards
More About Domino's Near 52807
Destination? Delicious Pizza Near 52807
When you're craving a heavenly slice of cheesy, meaty, veggie-loaded goodness, we know your tastebuds don't want just any old pizza near 52807. You're looking for a flavorful pizza with a freshly made tomato sauce, hearty piles of mozzarella, perfectly diced pepperoni, and a golden-brown crust that's crunchy, crispy, and chewy—all at the same time. You want a pizza that's hands down, undeniably delicious. You want Domino's.
At Domino's near 52807, we make it easy to get exactly what you want: pizza that's fast and fresh. Order your pizza over the phone or online, or visit a Domino's near you to place a carryout order.
First, start by selecting your favorite crust. Pick from a hand-tossed crust that's seasoned with the perfect balance of garlic and butter, a crispy thin crust, a pan crust featuring two delicious layers of cheese, or even a gluten-free pizza crust! Then, choose your sauce and your favorite pizza toppings. Pick as many as you want! Whether you can't get enough grilled chicken and roasted veggies or you adore a savory blend of banana peppers, mushrooms, and pepperoni, you can count on your nearby Domino's to deliver.
With millions of different ways to craft a single Domino's pizza (yes, we said millions and we mean it), you can be sure we have a slice that suits your tastes. Build your own pizza from bottom to top or select one of our many crowd-pleasing specialty pizzas, like the ever popular Buffalo Chicken, Pacific Veggie, or Ultimate Pepperoni and have it delivered hot and fresh to your doorstep, fast!
We Deliver, You Eat: Pizza Delivery Near 52807
At your Domino's near 52807, we don't take pizza delivery lightly. In fact, we're so serious about it that we promise your pizza will arrive piping hot and freshly made, right from our oven to your door. Want to stay up to date on your order? Our delivery experts specifically engineered the Domino's TrackerⓇ to do just that. Enter in your phone number online and track the status of your order from the moment it's placed to the second it leaves our store for delivery... and try not to drool on your phone or computer in the meantime.
Get More Than Just Pizza Takeout Near 52807
We may be fast when it comes to delivering pizzas, but we're super fast when it comes to pizza takeout near 52807. Feel free to order a delectable pie from our pizza menu or take home something completely different. Satisfy everyone's cravings with an order of stuffed cheesy bread, an oven-baked sandwich, flavorful salad, or satisfying pasta, and even sweet, dangerously delicious desserts like Cinna StixⓇ, chocolate cake, and cookie brownies.
With more than 12,000 stores around the world, we know customer service and quality. Our mission is to be Davenport's best pizza delivery company and everything we do reflects this pledge. You'll taste it in every bite of pizza we deliver and see it in every money-saving pizza coupon we offer. Use your mobile phone to place an order via our free app, order online, or call your local Domino's restaurant near 52807 for quick and delicious pizza delivery and carryout today! We aren't like every other pizza restaurant. We're your favorite pizza place near 52807!


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2017 Honda CR-V unveiled in the US - The fifth-generation Honda CR-V has actually been unveiled in the US, ahead of its launching in Australia most likely to be at some point next year. To enhance aerodynamic performance, the brand-new CR-V is the very first Honda design offered with active grille shutters. The CR-V is likewise the very first Honda car to include a hands-free tailgate, which can be opened by waggling your foot under the rear bumper.
2017 Honda CR-V unveiled in the US
Top-end designs likewise include a 7.0-inch touchscreen infotainment system with Android-driven user interface, satellite navigation, and assistance for Apple CarPlay and Android Automobile.
The crossover flights on either 17- or 18-inch alloy wheels, and makes use of MacPherson strut suspension in advance, and a multi-link setup at the back.
The brand-new Honda CR-V goes on sale around December in the States, and ought to get here in Australia throughout the 2nd half of 2017.
Depending upon the design, the brand-new CR-V is readily available with automated high beam activation, rain-sensing wipers, roofing system rails, remote engine start, high resolution instrumentation screen, electronic parking brake, heated wing mirrors, rear USB ports, heated front and rear seats, and electrical modification for both front seats.
In the US, the CR-V will be readily available with 2 four-cylinder direct-injection gas engines: a naturally-aspirated 2.4-litre, and a 142kW 1.5-litre turbo. In the States, both engines are mated solely to a CVT, with four-wheel drive optional throughout the majority of the variety.
Stylistically, the brand-new CR-V isn't really as huge or as strong a departure from the previous design as the generational modification just recently carried out by the associated Civic.
Honda has yet to offer numbers associated with the cars and truck's measurements, however states that the brand-new crossover includes a longer wheelbase and roomier interior.
The style of the cabin and usage of soft touch products, consisting of synthetic leather on the control panel, offer the brand-new cars and truck a classier appearance than the existing design. Simply as significantly, the business has actually crafted the brand-new CR-V with thinner A-pillars for enhanced external presence.


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Rhino Asylum Seeker
"Everyone has the right to seek and to enjoy in other countries asylum from persecution." - Article 14 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 1948.
Asylum is a human right, but sadly, in the current political climate, many countries are reneging on their commitments to honour that right under international law. I hope this print makes people think about our basic duties to one another, regardless of where someone is from.
One of an open edition of giclée prints. Printed on 300gsm lightly textured, acid-free cotton rag paper.
The printed area (excluding the border) is 15cm x 15cm. These look great in an 8 inch square frame (I recommend black wood, but you do you). The frame is not included (but you can get them cheap online).
This print will be signed by the artist, Henry James Garrett.
£5 from the sale of each print sold online will be split between the following charities: Mermaids, Rape Crisis National Helpline, Give Directly, Stonewall, and Southall Black Sisters.
(The print does not have the @HenryJGarrett watermark on it. That's just in case people share the images from the shop.)


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As suspected, Alexei Cherepanov did in fact suffer an injury during Avangard Omsk's season opener on Wednesday, and it caused him to miss today's game against Neftekhimik Nizhnekamsk, which Omsk dropped by the score of 3-1. Sports.ru reports that Cherepanov suffered a groin injury as the result of being worked too hard during his recent time with the Russian junior team, and that he aggravated it during Wednesday's game. The injury is not thought to be serious, and he's expected to return in time for Omsk's match against Lada Togliatti on Sunday.
Cherepanov's linemates, Anton Kuryanov and Alexander Popov each had an assist on Avangard's only goal against Neftekhimik today, which was scored by defenseman Alexei Bondarev. Once again penalties appear to have been the obvious problem for the Hawks, as they took nine minors to Neftekhimik's five and gave up two power play goals, while scoring none of their own.
In other news, Prospect Park reports that Evgeni Grachev picked up a goal and an assist in the Brampton Battalion's exhibition match against the Guelph Storm last night. Grachev played right wing on a line with former Team Canada foe Matt Duchene, and according to Prospect Park's sources, the two are starting to build some nice chemistry.
Finally, the Rangers released their training camp roster today (see Blueshirt Bulletin for more), and it features a surprise name from the past (no, not Petr Nedved — we all knew he was coming). Maxim Kondratiev, who was traded to Anaheim for Petr Sykora during the 2006-2007 season and who returned to Russia to play with SKA St. Petersburg last season after refusing to report to the Duck's AHL affiliate in Portland, will be among those auditioning for the 7th spot on defense. Kondratiev spent most of last season paired with former Ranger Darius Kasparitis on SKA, and got into at least one fight (with former NHLer Oleg Saprykin; Drats is #63 in white). He was reported to have moved on from St. Petesburg to HK MVD earlier this summer, but does not currently appear on their roster. Its unclear whether he would sign a two-way deal or accept assignment to Hartford if he doesn't make the squad out of camp, or if he would once again return to Russia if he fails to secure an NHL job.
Programming Note: I'm enjoying one last gasp of summer in the Adirondacks this weekend and have limited Internet access, so please forgive the lack of and/or lateness of updates for the next 4 days.
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Sam Burden: Toward telelocomotion: human sensorimotor control of contact-rich robot… | CMU RI SeminarJeff Clune: Improving Robot and Deep Reinforcement Learning via Quality Diversity and Open-Ended Algorithms | CMU RI SeminarGirish Chowdhary: Autonomous and Intelligent Robots in Unstructured Field Environments | CMU RI SeminarChung-Wei Lin: Modeling, Design, and Analysis for Intelligent Vehicles: Intersection Management, Security-Aware Design, and Automotive Design Automation | CMU RI SeminarHenny Admoni: Understanding Human Behavior for Robotic Assistance and Collaboration | CMU RI Seminar
In the race to develop self-driving technology, Chinese Internet giant Baidu unveiled its 50+ partners in an open source development program, revised its timeline for introducing autonomous driving capabilities on open city roads, described the Project Apollo consortium and its goals, and declared Apollo to be the 'Android of the autonomous driving industry'.
By Tully Foote
We are excited to show off a simulation of a Prius in Mcity using ROS Kinetic and Gazebo 8. ROS enabled the simulation to be developed faster by using existing software and libraries. The vehicle's throttle, brake, steering, and transmission are controlled by publishing to a ROS topic. All sensor data is published using ROS, and can be visualized with RViz.
I've written a few times that perhaps the biggest unsolved problem in robocars is how to know we have made them safe enough. While most people think of that in terms of government certification, the truth is that the teams building the cars are very focused on this, and know more about it than any regulator, but they still don't know enough. The challenge is going to be convincing your board of directors that the car is safe enough to release, for if it is not, it could ruin the company that releases it, at least if it's a big company with a reputation.
Judging by the frequency that self-driving cars are mentioned in scientific discussions and the media, they are not only the next big thing, but might actually take over as our main means of transportation. Traditional industries like the railways, on the other hand, seem to have lost that race already. But what if new technologies, such as Internet of Things (IoT) devices and Artificial Intelligence (AI), were not only used to create new transportation modes, but to transform old ones as well?
While very few details have come out, Reuters reports that new proposed congressional bills on self-driving cars will reverse many of the provisions I critiqued in the NHTSA regulations last year.
The first VENTURER trials set out to investigate 'takeover' (time taken to reengage with vehicle controls) and 'handover' (time taken to regain a baseline/normal level of driving behaviour and performance) when switching frequently between automated and manual driving modes within urban and extra-urban settings. This trial is believed to be the first to directly compare handover to human driver-control from autonomous mode in both simulator and autonomous road vehicle platforms.
SoftBank, the giant telecom company, is venturing out into the world of robotics and transportation services. DealStreet Asia said that SoftBank is trying to transform itself into the 'Berkshire Hathaway of the tech industry' with the recent launch of a $100 billion technology fund.
UPDATED 5/24/17: SoftBank's acquisition of 4.9% of the outstanding shares of Nvidia Corp.
SoftBank Group just invested $5 billion in China's Didi Chuxing, China's biggest ride-sharing service. Last year Uber sold their China business to Didi resolving (by giving up) all the legal and antitrust investigations it was undergoing in China. In other news, Chris Urmson, CTO of Google's self-driving car program, left to start a new company and Waymo and Lyft just agreed on a partnership to develop projects and products toward adoption of autonomous vehicle technology.
I was recently asked about the differences between RADAR and LIDAR. I gave the generic answer about LIDAR having higher resolution and accuracy than RADAR. And RADAR having a longer range and performing better in dust and smokey conditions. When prompted for why RADAR is less accurate and lower resolution, I sort of mumbled through a response about the wavelength. However, I did not have a good response, so this post will be my better response.
As the last in our series of blog posts on machine learning in research, we spoke to Dr Nathan Griffiths to find out more about machine learning in transport. Nathan is a Reader in the Department of Computer Science at the University of Warwick, whose research into the application of machine learning for autonomous vehicles (or "driverless cars") has been supported by a Royal Society University Research Fellowship.
Waymo (Google) has announced a pilot project in Phoenix offering a full ride service in their new minivans. Members of the public can sign up — the link is sure to be overwhelmed with applicants, but it has videos and more details — and some families are already participating.
The field of transportation is undergoing a seismic shift with the introduction of autonomous driving — or computer-driven cars. Computer vision scientist and Mobileye co-founder Amnon Shashua PhD '93 described the challenges associated with this technology in a talk last month hosted by MIT's Center for Brains, Minds and Machines (CBMM).
Luminar, a bay area startup, has revealed details on their new LIDAR. Unlike all other commercial offerings, this is a LIDAR using 1.5 micron infrared light. They hope to sell it for $1,000.
A new report from Navigant Research includes the chart shown below, ranking various teams on the race to robocar deployment. It's causing lots of press headlines about how Ford is the top company and companies like Google and Uber are far behind. I elected not to buy the $3,800 report, but based on the summary I believe their conclusions are ill founded to say the least.
Recently we've seen a series of startups arise hoping to make robocars with just computer vision, along with radar. That includes recently unstealthed AutoX, the off-again, on again efforts of comma.ai and at the non-startup end, the dedication of Tesla to not use LIDAR because it wants to sell cars today before LIDARs can be bought at automotive quantities and prices.
July 28, 2020
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How often as a business leader do you think about self awareness?
How often do you take a moment to look in the mirror and ask your self what don't I know? What don't I know about what's going on in my business? What don't I know about the industry? What skills don't I have? What areas of my development or business do I have no desire to improve?
It's a scary thing to be able to look in the mirror and admit that you don't know something or what you are doing isn't good enough?
If you're going to succeed and really push past your competition you have to be willing to be brutally honest with yourself and embrace self awareness. You have to answer these questions and if your answers are honest, it will be the best conversation you can ever have with yourself.
Now that you have admitted or gained some self awareness, what should you do next?
- Document your answers. Talking in your head is great but get it down on paper. The act of writing or recording your answers adds to their credibility. The list becomes as roadmap for change.
- Pick ONE area to begin working on. As individuals we think we can master too many things. We can "multi-task"!!! A word that I think is total BS. By focusing on one aspect you can devote the time to make the change necessary.
- If the change is an improvement for yourself, then you need to be responsible enough to go and find either a mentor some education or solution to this problem. Assuming you can figure it out with your current level of information is foolish. You need something new to shock you out of your rut.
- If the change is removing a duty or task or responsibility from your plate, then you need to assign this task to someone but it is your responsibility to make sure they are trained correctly to handle the duty. Giving it to someone who is not skilled just kicks the can down the road. It does not fix anything.
One of the main reasons people do not want to go through this self awareness exercise is they have the feeling they are being weak. They feel they will be looked down upon because they should already know something or should be able to handle the responsibility.
I fully understand this struggle. I myself have hid my head in the sand, hoping no one would notice. Only everyone did notice and it was worse when the lack of skill reared its head.
The days of bluffing your way through meetings or sales pitches or how you are running a business are over. There is too much transparency in the workplace and people feel more comfortable in calling attention to a lack of effort or success.
It took me awhile to have that inner strength to stand up for myself, to say I did not know but I would learn. It has helped me understand what our company is good at, what partnerships are best and who to align myself with to fill in the gaps where their skills are superior to mine.
Do yourself a favor and look in the mirror. Ask the tough questions and then resolve to learn how to embrace your self awareness, adjust and move forward.
If you liked this article please share it. If I can ever be of service, or you would like me to review anything for you, please reach out to me on Twitter @glennpasch or on LinkedIn.
Glenn Pasch is the current CEO of PCG Companies as well as a father, husband, writer and part of the National Speaker Association.


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The fallout from the Co-op bank's near collapse in 2013 has been significant and drawn out. The latest remprimand has focused on two of the top dogs at the height of its woes – former CEO Barry Tootell and the ex-head of corporate banking Keith Alderson. Both have been banned from the City for life by the Bank of England.
On top of that, they've both been hit with hefty fines. Tootell has to cough up £173,802 for 'prioritising the short-term financial position of the firm at the cost of taking prudent and sustainable actions to secure the firm's longer-term capital position', according to the BoE's Prudential Regulatory Authority. Alderson was fined £88,890 and came under fire for not properly assessing the risk of the corporate loan book inherited from Britannia, the building society that merged with Co-op in 2009.
The regulator also criticised the Co-op Bank's culture, which reportedly resulted in 'an environment in which some staff felt under pressure to meet impairment forecasts'.
The PRA's statement stops short of calling their behaviour a total shambles, but it's near enough with the assessment that the pair 'are not fit and proper persons to carry out a significant influence function at a PRA-authorised firm on the grounds of a lack of competence and capability'.
The Co-op Bank nearly collapsed after the discovery of a £1.5bn capital black hole in 2013, needing two bail-outs and was left in such a sorry state that the PRA couldn't even dish out the punishment it wanted to. The bank was criticised for 'serious and wide-ranging failings' in the summer of 2015, but the PRA said a bruising fine 'would not advance the PRA's statutory objective to promote the safety and soundness of the firms it regulates'. Usually in such circumstances, the PRA said a £120m fine would be appropriate.
There are signs the Co-op Bank's reputation is bouncing back – it was named the most improved brand in YouGov's recent BrandIndex - but news like this latest ruling won't help. The Co-op will be hoping that these severe punishments will help it draw a line under the scandal.


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Currently killing stages all over, Children of Zeus (Konny Kon & Tyler Daley) are a neo-soul group hailing from Manchester. Here is a small sample of their work, but you REALLY need to go see them live…
Rock you internally
"You just got to check it…" – Jazzie B (of SoulIISoul)
"This is my jam. You need this shit in your life…" – Lenzman
Push Push On
"The light skin, Street, UK Maxwell… I like it" – Dres (of BlackSheep)
Konny Kon – All vinyl Soul Food Selection
With audiences and listeners loving the tracks and live shows (picture the whole audience singing along), and now legitimate soul LEGENDS, and renowned musicians coming out saying this is some of their favorite contemporary music – Big things are just around the corner we are sure…
Check them out further on their Soundcloud and via Facebook.


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oil on masonite
Taken from a bench in the Art Institute of Chicago, where weary patrons sit for a spell. Especially the husbands.
- Happy Trails
I really love this one. Such a common scene made extraordinary. Great!
This one's a gem! Have fun at the reunion.
I like your paint a lot, you got excellent light
Awesome. Have fun in Chicago. And regarding the painting, it's just you. I love your style and brushwork. So juicy. Great job.
This is wonderful, Karin!! I love the scene and what a great idea. I also like your BF's idea too. Wish I had known you'd be out here this week; maybe could have met you for lunch or something. Just wondering where you went to HS. I graduated from Reavis in '77. Hope you have a good time at your reunion. I finally got to go to one of my own a couple of years ago.
This is one of the best paintings I have EVER seen, a complete Masterpiece in my opinion .
You are very very good Karin.
Absolutely perfect, in concept and in execution. Just wonderful.
Wonderful rendering. The body language says it all. I like the small scale of your work.
Just another amazing piece.
Love it!
Enjoy your trip.
Karin, this might be my favorite of yours, I love everything about it!
Have a great trip.
Awesome painting! It sings! Enjoy Chicago and your reunion!
Just Sensational! Love that figure in dark colour-what a contrast!
I have a lot of experience sitting on those benches mostly at the MMA in NYC. Your painting brought back great memories of the times I sat down and would ponder a painting and then the person I was sitting besides or back to back with. This painting is powerful because it so easily creates a story in ones imagination.
Great painting. I love the warm palette.
This is just wonderful, everything about it.
I have always wanted to paint people in their day to day lives. You are a true inspiration! Thank you for sharing so much.
I'm glad I found your blog, Karen. Love the energy of your work.
Karin, I have only just discovered your website and think your artwork is absolutely BEAUTIFUL. I am a very frustrated painter who stopped painting while training to be an architect 15 years ago!!! I used to do watercolour but if I could I would give my eyeteeth to paint oils in your style. I wish you lived in South Africa so I could buy some of your pieces! I will be following your work avidly and painting vicariously through you!! Regards Julie
great design
Beautiful work!
You got a talent! Amazing! Congratulations!
this is a gorgeous painting. Great work. Jeanne
I love this one, Karyn...


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Thursday Tier List #10 – January 12, 2017 (Open Beta List #4)
Hello all! I'm aReNGee, and I'm happy to present our very first Tier List of 2017. I hope you all had a happy non-denominational holiday, and a very happy New Year! Not much has changed with the coming of the new year, but change is on the wind. The purpose of this Tier List is to give you an overview of the metagame as a whole – high tier decks are both popular and successful, so you should be aware of them when playing ladder. Highly successful but unpopular decks do not show up on the tier list, while popular but less successful decks will show up on the tier list. There is a waiting period after a deck's inception before it is added to the tier list, to see if it's an actual new archetype or just a flavor of the week.
The tier list is developed by combining the opinions of four top players: Finkel, Unearthly, Neon, and myself. We keep track of what kinds of decks we face on ladder and how we did, then use that information plus our personal opinions to rank the decks. Finally, all four opinions are combined to form the final tier list. While this is of course an imprecise method, skewed by personal biases and deck choice, until we get real stats from the whole of ladder this is the best I can do. Opinions have been formed based on the following assumptions:
- Decks have been ranked into their tier based on both win rate and popularity. The most popular and successful decks are Tier 1. A very successful but unknown deck will not show up on this list, while a popular but unsuccessful deck will show up but will be lower tiered.
- There is no special formula for weighting popularity vs win rate, each player has their own opinions.
- Decks are listed within their tiers in approximate order of success. Therefore, a deck at the top of a tier is at least slightly better than the deck below it.
Explanation of Tiers
Tier 1 – These are the best decks right now, both in terms of representation and win rate.
Tier 2 – These decks don't have either the representation or the winrate to be considered Tier 1, but are all powerful decks and great choices for ladder.
Tier 3 – These decks are usually quite powerful when they go off, but need the a strong draw to work or have some other exploitable weakness. Fine choices for ladder, especially if the metagame favors them or you minimize their weaknesses.
Tier 4 – These decks are less powerful than Tier 3 decks or are wildly inconsistent.
Official Tier List
Tier 1
Elysian Shimmerpack
Righteous Rakano
Tier 2
Stonescar Midrange
Aggressive Combrei
Stonescar Burn
Big Combrei
Stonescar Jito
TJP Shimmerpack
Feln Control
Tier 3
Traditional Armory
Elysian Midrange
Tier 4
LOA TJP Control
Newly Unranked
Icaria Blue/FJP Control
Haunting Scream
Tier One Decks
While Wump remains absent from the majority of straight Shimmerpack decks, the deck continues to rise in popularity. Its power is now a known quantity, and ladder players must be prepared to face Shimmerpack or suffer the consequences. No more can this matchup be ignored (Armory players, I'm looking at you).
If the history of this game is any indication, I'm going to have to make up new things to write about Rakano here every week. I'm not aware of any particularily new or innovative technology, but I believe that more plates are the way to go. The deck is powerful and incredibly popular, especially among players with limited collections. Don't be unprepared by any of the many ways to play T1 Oni Ronin.
Neon writes about a deck, Ilyak spikes a tournament with it, and the deck explodes all over ladder. Felnscar replaces Combrei Aggro as this week's "deck of the week", and again its staying power remains to be seen. Felnscar has a number of good matchups against top decks, but the powerbase is more of a concern than people admit and the deck is poor against the high-curve control decks that are inching back into style.
Tier Two Decks
Stonescar Midrange gets differentiated from Felnscar as Felnscar goes more or less full Feln, giving Stonescar Midrange an actual identity. The deck is very strong against midrange unit based decks, reasonable against cheap aggro, and even has the tools against Shimmerpack. That said, it has a tough time against control decks and struggles much more than Felnscar against Combrei's silences without Felnscar's Withering Witch. While not quite tier one, Stonescar decks are quite popular at the moment.
Aggressive Combrei's stock continues to fall by the minute. While not a bad deck by any means, it seems to have been a "deck of the week" based popularity spike, and most of those players are flocking to Felnscar. Combrei Aggro isn't excited to see the army of deadly units staring it down, but still has the silences and beefy units required to break though.
Stonescar Burn's predicted resurgence wasn't quite this week, but it's popularity is on the uptick. As players mess about with slow midrange (Felnscar) and control (Feln, TJP), Burn chuckles as it Flame Blasts for 12. The metagame is slowing down, and that definitely favors Burn.
The metagame slows and players look for ways to go over the top. Well, Big Combrei goes way WAY over the top. With by far the biggest top end of any deck, Combrei grinds all the midrange decks beneath its sheer bulk. Withering Witch isn't exactly what Combrei wants to see, and I can't say I'd seek out the Shimmerpack matchup, but Big Combrei definitely has space to make a serious impact on the metagame.
With Control coming back into style, Jito players start to get excited, but quickly sober up when all of the popular varients (Feln(scar), TJP) are running the full package of Lightning Storm. A "do you have it" coin flip is inevitable when playing this deck, but with so many decks running the answer, it may not be Jito's time to all in turn 2.
TJP Shimmerpack continues to fall in popularity, as Shimmerpack players have generally favored straight Elysian versions. The deck is a Shimmerpack deck, with all the power and weaknesses that implies, but the third color changes the deck's matchups depending on what, exactly, is splashed. On the whole the third color seems to hurt matchups slighly more than it helps, which combined with the lower popularity puts the deck in a lower tier.
Someone found the "best build" of Feln Control, and it turned out you needed a third faction. Felnscar does just about everything Feln Control does with its own distinct advantages. However, as we move more into a high curve controlling metagame, "hard" Feln Control is poised to make a comeback with its fantastic anti-control options and solid removal.
Tier Three Decks
Is it good or is it bad? Armory chops through decks like Rakano and Felnscar, but wants nothing to do with go wide or go big strategies like Shimmerpack, Jito, and Big Combrei. With plenty of favourable and unfavourable matchups on ladder, Armory is truly a gambler's choice at the moment. For reliable winrates, stay far away.
Elysian Midrange returns this week as a fatty midrange deck. Very little innovation has occured on this front, it's just a bit better now that players are playing a bit slower. It struggles a fair amount with its straightforward gameplan and inflexible removal, and is barely popular enough to make the list at all. Not advised.
Xenan continues to slide in popularity. Felnscar's void hate plus removal taking over ladder was really bad for Xenan, as was the return of other high curve decks that can go over the top. With a metagame mismatch, Xenan's performance suffers.
Tier Four Decks
The newest kid on the block, TJP Control just barely sneaks onto the list in last place, mostly on the back of interest in LightsOutAce's new article. It remains to be seen if this was just a one day interest spike or if this version of TJP Control really has the tools it needs to compete.
Newly Unranked Decks
Icaria who?
More seriously, Icaria Blue has fallen way off the popularity list, as it doesn't match up particularily well with whats popular. Eye of Winter isn't at its best, and the deck struggles in the current metagame.
Haunting Scream continues to be unplayed, but is left on the list because I have a soft spot for it.


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There is already a question in this forum about the interpreter's voice, so I thought I'd ask a companion question about the interpreter's hearing. What do we do to make sure our hearing doesn't suffer as a result of our time spent in the booth? Should we visit a doctor regularly to have our hearing checked?
asked 25 Oct '11, 16:31
Headsets should ALWAYS be worn OUTSIDE your ear. Never ever put anything inside.
If you put your headset in your ear, surplus sound waves cannot escape - and most of the remaining frequencies are low frequencies. High frequencies are short and quick - they fade rapidly. However the low frequencies (long and slow) bounce back and forth - and due to the ability of our brains to extrapolate from the information available, they are perceived as even lower ones!! (An effect used when constructing organs!) So, with in-ear headsets you give your brain more of the low frequencies, which might drown out the vital high frequencies....
You can also help your ears by training them properly - listen to classical music for instance! (It trains the muscles in your middle ear because classical music often has frequent volume level variations whilst modern music typically keeps the same level of volume. Also, classical music has many more of the useful high frequencies - BUT: not in mp3, they are more or less cut off in mp3...
You can also do a listening training course based on the Tomatis Method®... If you want to know more about it - please, don´t hesitate to write to me (c.krueger(at)aiic.net) or call!
Hello, just a short comment to my own words after having read especially Fionas words. Thank you very much for reminding me to be very careful with words... - even more, when not using one's mother tongue...
I am looking forward to the discussion in Berlin (13 July). Contact @Almute Löber, if you are interested!
answered 20 Apr '12, 05:14
Vincent Buck
The ear holds a complicated mechanism to protect itself. One element of this: if there is too much sound (e.g if the volume is too high), the sound is "thrown back" - you may remember this from physics lessons at school. If you have your ear plugs inside your ear, the surplus sound waves cannot leave the ear and are reflected back..... this will overstimulate your ear, and after a while your ear will not function so well. Initially of course it seems that you hear better, BUT!!!!!!
Thank you so much for this extremely interesting comment. Whilst I always heard you should stay away from in-ear headphones, I never came across a very clear explanation.
Let me just double-check: Would you advise against using Bang & Olufsen?
(23 Apr '12, 01:21) Tanja
Thanks to Claudia for that excellent expert answer. With all that in mind, are there any head- or ear-phones that you recommend for interpreters?
(28 May '12, 03:56) Andy
In an ideal world amongst other things you would do the following:
But unfortunately we live in a less than perfect world and most of us never visit a specialist, unless we have a problem, use in-ear headphones and use mp3 etc...
answered 25 Oct '11, 21:12
Marta Piera ...
I actually have my hearing checked fairly regularly, if not once a year then maybe once every eighteen or so months. My ear specialist confirmed that headset quality is very important, and the more days per year you work, the more important it becomes. Quality headphones allow you to keep the volume down. I like the Bang & Olufsen ones and contrary to what some colleagues say, they are not in-ear because you can adjust the distance of the tiny loudspeaker from your ear. Moreover, since they are over-the-ear as opposed to over-the-head, they do not squeeze your head. I sometimes get a headache from too tight over-the-head earphones. There is also a notable difference in the volume I need when I work with my own headphones. The B&O's come in a variety of colours these days and they also allow you to wear any kind of earrings because they do not compress your earlobes against your head.
answered 26 Oct '11, 15:38
That decides it, this year I am going to ask Santa for some of those B&O headsets! Thank you!
(27 Oct '11, 09:43) Michelle
You've convinced me - I'm going out to get earrings!
(11 Apr '12, 17:23) Luigi
I have seen colleagues having a hard time re-adjusting to 'conventional' headsets after having used B&O devices for some time (which regularly tend to break down). Personally, I never wanted to use B&O earphones because I instinctively hated the idea of putting anything inside my ears and what Claudia is explaining below reinforces my gut feeling: don't use them for interpreting!
(04 May '12, 06:10) Willy Visser
One good piece of advice an ENT physician once gave a group of interpreters he happened to examine during a 2-week assignment was to make sure to slowly but surely adjust the volume of your headset/earphones from low to higher and NOT to start at a high volume and turn the volume down. You will find that this will help you to work with less volume.
answered 17 Apr '12, 16:58
Thank you VERY much, Almute, 1st time I've heard that advice spelled out: instinctively I always set my volume control midway and then move it up or down according to circumstances; likewise my default setting for bass is slightly to the right of midway and treble to the left...and then I adjust according to speakers' pitch, before I set volume... barring sudden postural changes wich call for immediate volume correction.
(17 Apr '12, 20:12) msr
Whenever possible, I use my earphones only on one ear, leaving the other one uncovered. This will protect at least one ear from potential sound screeches or unexpected feedback. Of course, it won't work when you have a noisy booth partner, but in cases when it does work, it has the added advantage of being more ready when you seek your partner's help with a word or figure.
I also turn the volume down to zero while the sound operators are setting up the whole array of projectors, mics, laptops, etc. and, in general, before each session begins, since with many people busy getting ready (sound technicians, room assistants with roaming mics, the MC, speaker/s), the chances of (Oops! Wrong button pressed, and OUCH!) are significantly higher.
It also helps to be seated and ready to go a few minutes before the scheduled start. That way you will be more relaxed when the conference begins and your ears will find it easier to tune in at a lower volume setting, since your mind will be more present in the conference than if you've rushed into the booth just in time to begin. It is a more professional attitude, too, I think.
answered 14 Apr '12, 11:34
...the vexed question of one vs. two ears covered and which - if any - is left uncovered :-). Personally I leave none, both not to waste the benefits of bi-aurality if not stereo sound - and because I rely on sound bone-conduction to keep aural track of my "production" - and to avoid sound getting from the unused earphone into live microphones, mine or colleagues' own.
(17 Apr '12, 07:28) msr
In my market (Buenos Aires) we tend to use headphones, actually, and of a relatively primitive nature, for that matter, so they won't be of the kind you can turn outwards, for instance. I think that's why I never thought sound could get into the live mics ... Anyway, I'll pay more attention to that next time. :)
(01 May '12, 22:49) Laura
MSR, which headphones are you using?
(08 Sep '14, 16:45) Gaspar ♦♦
HI Gaspar :-). I normally use the ones provided, in my market more often than not supra-aural AKG... or my B&O if I decide that I don't like what I'm otherwise offered.
(09 Sep '14, 13:02) msr
I have my hearing checked every twelve months and all the more now since I suffer from tinnitus.
Contrary to what is widely believed, it seems it is not a good idea to put the trebles on max. Yes, we need the higher frequencies to understand better. If you pump up the trebles, the sound you get is a lot more distinct and clear.
However when you hear a sound, it's a wave that comes and "knocks" against the eardrum, which sets all three tiny bones in our inner ear (hammer, anvil and stirrup) in motion and these then come and "knock" on the cochlea. It is the cochlea that analyses the sounds received. It is an organ that looks very much like a snail, so your specialist may have showed you a picture of it. Well the part of the cochlea that is in direct contact with the stirrup is the part that analyses high frequencies. Which is why tinnitus is always a very high pitch sort of a noise: it's caused by damage to the outer part of the cochlea.
So if you pump up the trebles, you're actually tiring your ear a lot quicker, you're putting extra pressure on it. Have a look: http://library.thinkquest.org/22484/noframes/ears_.html
I followed my specialist's advice and now have both bass and treble to the minimum when I start working. I have a very good Sennheiser that provides me with a good enough sound that I can work well, especially now that I have gotten used to it.
I use more treble only when:
Neither of these three cases present themselves as often as you'd think, once your ear is trained differently.
The result after 6 months and then another 6 months showed spectacular recovery of my hearing in high frequencies.
answered 18 May '12, 04:54
+1 Thanks for sharing your experience, Fiona!
(18 May '12, 09:05) Delete ♦
Very interesting, Fiona. Would you tell us which Sennheiser model you are using now?
(18 May '12, 13:10) Conrado
Hi there and thanks, Nacho!
Conrado, I don't know because I'm on holidays and I don't have it with me, but I have seen colleagues using different Sennheisers and there were all happy about the sound quality. Some go over the head, some go simply over the hear and on the neck and don't mess with your hairstyle but do make you look like you're listening to Eminem... ;-)
They're made for music lovers and you can ask the salesperson whether there are differences between them. They cost a lot less than the Bang and Olufsen but they're bigger to carry with you. A colleague of mine who knows about technical stuff says the headset itself has been designed balance the frequencies better, which is why the sound is so good, allowing you lower both volume and treble and bass.
Coming back to a comment by Sirpa, I think, Sennheisers don't squeeze your head and don't hurt or cause a headache at the end of the day. And I don't even own stock of the company! ;-)
(18 May '12, 22:31) Fiona
...this issue is of such obvious relevance that I never tire of repeating the advice we were given by a distinguished ENT guest when I was Secretary to the CdP (aiic staff interpreters comittee) and we organised a conference on voice & hearing in Brussels: make sure you have your hearing tested objectively as opposed to subjectively, as in pure tone audiometry, where the subject responds to a tone by pressing a button... because the latter is of no use for insurance and/or legal purposes, following a trauma and when attempting to establish liability.
One must have baseline evidence to be able to quantify loss.
As to what one can do to avoid (natural) hearing loss... for conference interpreters who do simultaneous, remember to use the treble/bass controls, if any, and adjust them for each speaker before you turn up the volume :-).
answered 12 Apr '12, 20:02
This is pretty useful: "As to what one can do to avoid (natural) hearing loss... for conference interpreters who do simultaneous, remember to use the treble/bass controls, if any, and adjust them for each speaker before you turn up the volume :-). "
(22 Apr '12, 18:08) dilsayar
Hi there, I have a question: what is an objective test of your hearing? My own medical file for insurance purposes should anything happen to me is a series of audiogramms, so I'd like to know the difference. Also: how do you test hearing if not by checking what one can or cannot hear... and therefore pushes the button or not!? Thanks.
(23 May '12, 05:45) Fiona
Hello Fiona :-)
To the best of my understanding, an objective test of one's hearing is one where same is determined not by what we say (or push buttons to signify) it is but by what it actually is as measured by some yardstick that we do not control... somewhat, I'd venture, like one's response to a "reflex hammer" hitting one's knee is not determined by the intensity of one's "ouch" but by the amplitude of the involuntary jerk of one's leg :-).
If I remember correctly the actual test is a tympanogram
measuring objectively the response of one's ear-drum to sound stimuli, ie variations in air-pressure, as opposed to pure tone audiometry
where we merely indicate if and when we think we have heard anything... or want to say so.
I'm not saying the latter is useless (patients being tested are not supposed to lie,insofar as it obviously defeats the purpose)only that it's worthless in an accident setting, say trauma from a Larsen effect, because any insurance lawyer worth his/her salt will question the veracity/reliability of the interested party's response, if the tests were subjective... not to mention incidental aspects, such as sound insulation or state of mind which may also influence one's response, irrespective of any malice.
Hope I was able to help, I'm anyway only relaying specialised medical advice we were once given :-)... and I do know of one colleague's case where the existence of a previous tympanogram (he had attended the Brussels conference I mentioned!) was crucial to determine the baseline in relation to which disability benefits were eventually awarded.
(23 May '12, 06:47) msr
A lot has been said about headsets, so I will belabor the point.
What I think is most necessary is that we undergo hearing tests: audiometry (to test hearing acuity); impedance testing and tympanometry ("Tympanometry allows the audiologist to measure how well the eardrum is vibrating when sound strikes and how well the tiny bones of the ear are functioning to transmit those vibrations to the organ of hearing. It also measures the pressure in the space behind the eardrum that contains those bones" cf. Impedance Testing audioconsult.com/services/.../impedance-testing/ ).
As we grow older we should increase the frequency of the testing because there is a phenomenon that occurs with age, presbycusys (Presbycusis From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (also spelled presbyacusis, from Greek presbys "elder" + akousis "hearing"[1]), or age-related hearing loss, is the cumulative effect of aging on hearing. It is a progressive bilateral symmetrical age-related sensorineural hearing loss. The hearing loss is most marked at higher frequencies (eg, high-pitched voice). Hearing loss that accumulates with age but is caused by factors other than normal aging is not presbycusis, although differentiating the individual effects of multiple causes of hearing loss can be difficult.
Deterioration in hearing has been found to start very early, from about the age of 18 years. The ISO standard 7029 shows expected threshold changes due purely to age for carefully screened populations (i.e. excluding those with ear disease, noise exposure etc.), based on a meta-analysis of published data.[2][3] Age affects high frequencies more than low, and men more frequently than women. One early consequence is that even young adults may lose the ability to hear very high frequency tones above 15 or 16 kHz. Despite this, age-related hearing loss may only become noticeable later in life. The effects of age can be exacerbated by exposure to environmental noise, whether at work or in leisure time (shooting, music, etc.). This is noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) and is distinct from presbycusis.
Over time, the detection of high-pitched sounds becomes more difficult, and speech perception is affected, particularly of sibilants and fricatives. Both ears tend to be affected
So, let's all include a visit to our ENT specialist in our busy schedules!
answered 10 Jun '12, 12:13
Vicky Massa
[I've been meaning to answer this question for a little while, but I wanted to wait before I confirmed my initial impressions with my audiologist. Which I did today.]
For your hearing to incur permanent damage, you'd have to be exposed to sounds above 85 dB for over 8 hours. But at 85 dB, you'd take your headphones off right away because that level would be unbearable -- it would be like someone yelling at you from up close. In other words, listening to speech through headphones in the booth does not cause hearing damage.
The idea that removing the headphones off of one ear at a time, and switching throughout the day, would reduce the risk of damage is, consequently, ill-founded.
However, there is the question of fatigue, which is highly variable at an individual level. This would be similar to eye fatigue after reading for a long time. I'm told this type of fatigue does not cause long-term damage.
Tinnitus is a bit of a mystery, still. It isn't always caused by a trauma (although a sudden hearing loss can trigger it), and the causes are generally unknown. There appears to be nothing one can do to avoid or minimize tinnitus. However, health, stress, or other variable factors can affect tinnitus temporarily.
I suffer from some hearing loss (likely from birth), I wear hearing aids and I have tinnitus -- the whole shebang. I can still work in the booth just fine by turning the volume to a comfortable level.
answered 20 Nov '14, 18:28
This is a very interesting issue and I think we should be more aware about our hearing safety and health. I am not very happy with the equipment that is widly use in Germany with integrated microphone in your headset. It is good for your back but bad for your ear since you tend to increase the volume. at least I feel it that way. That's why I have grown so fond of the Philipps and Bosch consoles: I can use my Bang & Olufsen. I love them becasue of the sound quality and I notice that I work at a lower volume. However i am starting to wonder if in-ear earphones are really OK: I still want to work some years! I recently worked with an on-ear Sennheiser headset with integrated microphone and I must say that I was really happy as the sound quality was very much like the one with my Bang & Olufsen and I was working at low volume input. I use my trebbles and bass always midway and the volume rather low but of course I start to increase the volume as I get tired or when it is getting fast or complicated.
answered 18 May '12, 13:09


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Come sit and shoot the breeze with me. We don't have to rush; we're not at the water cooler. We are people of leisure and deliberation—at least while you're reading my post. We can look around Queen Bean, this pretty little café in downtown Modesto that I've beamed us both into on this unseasonably dry and sunny winter day.
Have you ever watched "This American Life"? My friend Noah of The Rambling Ark turned me onto it. I recorded and watched all the back episodes I could find. As an expat who has lived slightly more than half my life here in California, it asks just the sort of questions about life that I find intriguing. It's my cup of intelligent quirky.
One episode shows young male adolescents practicing stand-up at a kids' comedy camp. Boys at that age are about as familiar to me as a curling iron would be to a walnut farmer. What the helipad do we do with them? I raised three daughters. I wouldn't know how to talk about the interests of a man-in-the-making without resorting to pseudo-maternal pithyisms. So right there, the show had me captive. But that was just to start with.
One young man is flapping his just-hatched funny wings at the mic with some success. He reflects in voiceover mode, "When you're a different kind of kid, or even a different kind of person, it's sometimes hard to find people who think like you. And so the stage just becomes the highest ground, a place to stand out and look out over your friends, family and classmates, and say, 'Anyone out there? Anyone get me?' "
"And for some kids, being on stage isn't scary and awful. It's a relief."
"I feel like I'm taking OFF the mask. Like this is the real me. What I like to do for fun. I think it's like God's handicap: 'All right, well if you've been tortured your entire life, then I'm gonna make you funny.' Which will get you pretty far."
One of the adults there, I guess you could call her the comedy camp counselor, went all harsh on another one of the aspiring comics after his spiel. She commented, "It is better to be likeable than to be funny. That's one of the top rules of comedy."
"You have to act warm and inviting so we like you and we wanna hear what you have to say," she elaborated.
Now let's rewind and substitute creative for funny. Heck, let's do a few substitutions and see where that leads.
"All right, well if you've been tortured your entire life, then I'm gonna make you
"It is better to be likeable than
What do we conclude?
- Likeable=Successful. If you are naturally likeable, it makes it a lot easier for people to want to help you succeed. The rest of us slobs have to work at being likeable. Because being creative is not enough. Being a genius, maybe—at the Steve Jobs level of genius.
- Creativity=God's consolation prize for the not-always-likeable misfits who must forever strive on the treadmill of success, getting nowhere until someone decides to unplug the blasted thing, maybe you yourself, maybe your circumstances. Sounds like a glum prognosis for our disease, doesn't it? Maybe I just need another cup of sinfully whipped mocha.
The show's host, Ira Glass, comments toward the end, "I don't think you get to choose between funny and likeable. If you could just decide something like that for yourself, wouldn't everybody just choose both? Funniness chooses you." Just as creativity does. But not, apparently, likeability.
What I want to know is, does success choose us? Do we then strive to be likeable first? Is that what it really boils down to, all these tips about social networking and cultivating engagement?
Now that I've bummed you out without meaning to, the least I can do is send you back out to the non-cozy world with God's email to me (and you) today. It reached my inbox via my friend Christine. I suspect that when people ask, "God, are you listening?" half the time it's really they who aren't.
"God has set up seasons in our lives. It's easy to get frustrated when our dreams aren't coming to pass on our timetable, but every season is not harvest season. There are plowing seasons. There are planting seasons. There are watering seasons. Sure, we would love for every season to be a time of increase & good breaks but without the other seasons, we wouldn't be prepared. For example, it's during the plowing seasons that God brings issues to light that we need to deal with. He's getting us prepared for promotion.
If you're not making as much progress as you would like, the key is to not lose any ground. Don't go backwards. Hold your position. Keep a good attitude and do the right thing even when it's hard. When you do that, you are passing the test, and God promises that your due season of harvest is coming. Be encouraged because your appointed time of increase, favor and promotion is on its way, and He will fulfill every dream and desire He's placed within your heart!"
This post wouldn't be complete without your half of the conversation in the comments below. Would you rather be funny or likeable? Creative, or successful at something you're not passionate about? Cluelessly happy, or mindful of life (and prone to analyzing every detail)? OK, that last question is my seed for a future post.


text: A call is made for the stigma of the disease to be overcome In front of a thousands-strong audience at the AIDS 2006 conference held at the metro Toronto convention centre in downtown Toronto, Indonesia's Frika Chia Iskandar called on the world to overcome the stigma of the disease and the discrimination HIV-positive persons face every day. She recalled how a dentist refused to treat her because she had Aids. "As the new face of Aids, I know I can deliver, can you?" asked Iskandar, representing the seven sisters non-profit group for people with the virus, to a standing ovation. The general theme running through the conference is that treatment and provision of funds for underdeveloped countries combating the disease is becoming increasingly a political issue, diverting focus from what should be an emergent health crisis. Racism, inequality Dr Peter Piot, executive director of UNAIDS, speaking on behalf of the UN secretary-general said: "First and foremost we must maintain the exceptionality of Aids from the political agenda." He called on the world community to fight homophobia, racism and inequality. With a passing allusion to the conflict ravaging the Middle East, he said: "We must fight the epidemic and not fight each other." He sounded a sombre tone: "Ours is a world in which we live with HIV; tragically the end of Aids is nowhere in sight." Twenty minutes into the opening ceremony a dozen or so protesters tried to interrupt the proceedings by shouting their demands that there be an end to Aids discrimination in the workplace. Condom use Bill and Melinda Gates took to the stage and promised a $500million fund to fight Aids throughout the world. Melinda Gates promoted the needfor condoms to save lives"We need tools to allow women to protect themselves," Bill Gates told the conference, highlighting that too much emphasis had been placed on men in the global fight against the virus. Melinda Gates spoke of her trips to Africa and Asia where she met with women and children shunned by their families and culture. She said: "Stigma is so cruel. It is also irrational. "Stigma makes it easier for political leaders to stand in the way of saving lives," she said highlighting that world cultures must not prohibit the use of condoms. "If you stand in the way of condoms something is more important to you than saving lives." Politics still present But the conference could not escape the political limelight. Missing from those attending the conference was Stephen Harper, the Canadian prime minister, who has been criticised in the media for his absence. Louise Binder, co-chair of the federal ministerial advisory council on Aids, told the media a few days before the conference opened, that "this is the most serious health problem the globe has ever seen, and we're hosting the largest conference with the most media that's ever been and our prime minister can't come and say a few words of welcome". Harper is visiting the Nunavut territory near the Northwest Passage. Nevertheless, Jack Layton, the New Democratic Party (NDP) leader, was in attendance as was William Graham, the former foreign minister and Michaëlle Jean, the governor-general. Jean sounded a note of optimism. Addressing the conference, she said: "One day soon we will be able to put an end to one of the most insidious epidemics of our time." The conference is attended by delegates from 134 countries comprising more than 20,000 scientists, health care workers, political leaders, financiers, NGOs, and international bodies as well as many already living with the epidemic. Bill Clinton, the former US president, will address the conference on Tuesday. The conference lasts five days and closes on August 18. SOURCE: Aljazeera ABOUT THE AUTHOR Firas Al-AtraqchiFiras Al-Atraqchi is an Iraqi political analyst and an associate professor of practice at the Journalism and Mass Communication department at the American University of Cairo.


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MasterTop 135 PG — concrete floor installations needing increase impact and wear resistance
Formerly: Mastertop 135P
What is and where to use MasterTop 135 PG?
MasterTop 135 PG is a cementitous topping applied on fresh and/or cured concrete floors. MasterTop 135 PG is used when floors require added protection over plain concrete from the demands of heavy duty industrial traffic and or loading barrier, and it offers increased resistance to scaling due to freeze-thaw cycles or to exposure to de-icing salts.
What makes MasterTop 135 PG a unique solution?
MasterTop 135 PG will give the concrete floor up to four (4) times greater wear & abrasion resistance than plain concrete and natural aggregate toppings.
MasterTop 135 PG increases the strength of the concrete surface, giving up 8 times longer serviceable life of plain concrete and natural aggregate toppings.
- An economical, ready-to-use cement based flooring overlay, that hardens free of bleeding at following consistency: from flowable to high plastic.
- A mortar that retains good workability for at least 30 minutes at 20 to 25°C.
- Resistant to alkaline surroundings
- A ready-to-use product, water is added on site.
- The use of a high-yield mortar pump (screw pump) allows the prepared product to be pumped without segregation.
- Can simply be poured out and distributed.
- The mortar will cure without blistering.


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Jacques Greene mix on Mary Anne Hobbs' XFM Show
Our Montreal homeboy Jacques Greene doing it big right now with his tour right now in Europe. He took some time to join miss Mary Anne Hobbs on her XFM Show that is really attracting pretty much the best guests right now.
Check it out. A few upfront JG productions on here!


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Best Mahogany Decking Ideas
Mahogany decking has pros and cons to become material design for decking but with proper maintenance will do awesome in featuring beauty and elegance as well as durability. Wooden deck is always the most popular not only because of naturally beautiful and environmentally friendly but also enchanting in design and style for a fine accommodation. You and all of family member can have a very fascinating and enticing space of accommodation by having wooden deck and mahogany wood has become a trend based on these days. Well, there are different wood materials available and you can compare them to mahogany wood yet just like any others, mahogany wood has pros and cons.
Mahogany Decking Pros and Cons
Mahogany wood is very strong so it would be wiser to drill holes to nailing because even stainless steel nails will fail to make a hole into mahogany wood. Although mahogany wood is amazingly durable but sealing it will be better to make it lasts longer in preserving space for all of family members to spend many fine moments. Mahogany decking stain is easy and it is a thing that I dare to say will be quite enchanting in featuring real naturally beautiful mahogany wood. There are also mahogany wood tiles that you can purchase in the market for you to do the installation easier not to mention money saving as well.


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Why SolarCity Is a Screaming Short
SolarCity's (SCTY) shares have appreciated since touching the 52-week lows. The stock has recovered impressively on the account of shorts booking profits and insider buying. However, the company's business model is still in tatters and the recent rally can be used as a shorting opportunity by investors.Yes, I have been wrong with my last short call on SolarCity, but I also recommended investors to sell the stock when it was trading above $70. I am still confident about my latest short call, which is why I'm recommending investors to short the stock again.
The first thing that makes SolarCity a short is the company's history of loss making. SolarCity has been bearing losses for years, and the future doesn't look any better as earnings estimates continue to plunge to new lows. Growing companies tend sacrifice profits in order to grow market share, but SolarCity's growth has slowed down considerably.
The company's losses are widening with each passing quarter. In addition, what makes the matters worse for the company is the fact that its net debt position is worsening. The company is highly-leveraged and with its history of loss making, I'm unsure as to when the company will pay back its debt.
Moreover, the company's business model of leasing solar panels may not work anymore in the future. Investment tax credit, or ITC, for residential and commercial is set to expire in 2016. This would make the installation solar panels a lot let feasible for both consumers and commercial uses.
Dropping solar panel costs have substantially boosted the deployment of solar panels, and the expiry of ITC can potentially reverse the recent progress that solar companies have made. Hence, for these reasons, I think SolarCity is a screaming short after the recent rally.
Short covering may have sent SolarCity's shares higher, but the recent rally is unjustified and has opened a shorting opportunity. The company is still trading at an extreme premium and possesses about 50%-60% downside from present levels. Troubled business model, lack of profitability, and increasing debt will definitely weigh in on the stock in the long run. Hence, I would recommend investors to short the stock at current levels.
Published on Dec 4, 2015By Ayush Singh
Posted in ...Market Commentary Investing Stocks


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Transitional style leather sofa with a nice padded track arm with a paneled front, removable single sided seat cushions with single needle stitching, nice split back cushions for added lumbar support, and covered in a great Top Gran Leather Touch cover. This piece is the perfect addition to any home, and will add a touch of long lasting luxury! Available in Cream, Fog and Bark.
Item# 1662782
Proudly Made in American with domestic and imported materials
Covered in a great Leather Touch, with Top Grain Leather on the seats, inside back cushions, and top of the arms.
Hardwood lumber in all load-bearing areas of frame and sinuous wire spring support system
Removable seat cushions with high density foam seat cushions for comfortable seating
Classic Brands Upgraded Queen Memory Foam Sleeper Mattress
Lane Cypress Cream Leather Match Sofa and Loveseat
Lane Cypress Cream Leather Match Sofa
Lane Cypress Cream Leather Match Loveseat
Lane Cypress Cream Leather Match Recliner


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Japanese chestnut pumpkins (kabocha) have just reappeared in the shops. This recipe is quick, easy, and delicious.
400g Japanese pumpkin
1.5 tbsp soy sauce (or tamari)
2 tbsp sake
1.5 cups water
Remove pumpkin seeds but leave the skin on, and cut into bite-sized chunks. Put the chunks skin down in a frying pan, pour in the soy sauce, sake, and water, and bring the boil. Reduce heat and simmer, without stirring, for about 15 minutes or until pumpkin is soft. Serve as a side dish or as part of a warm salad.


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University Counseling
Caring About The Future Of Every Student
At Carlsbad International School every student receives support and advice in choosing their academic focus for the IB Diploma Programme, as well as in exploring their career options and in applying for further and higher education. This is done in 3 stages.
Stage one: Consider career options
Stage two: Choose Diploma Subjects
Stage three: University, Subjects, Locations and Application.
Considering Career Options:
Throughout their time at CIS, students discuss their career choices and aspirations with an advisor. They are encouraged to find the prior requirements and to consider what entrance options are available. Not every student knows what career path to follow, so it is important they make choices which will allow them options and flexibility.
Choosing Diploma Subjects:
From January before they start the Diploma Programme, students discuss and decide on their Diploma subject choices with the Diploma Coordinator. This is to ensure they choose the best subjects for their interests, abilities and careers.
Choosing University, subjects, location and application:
From January in the DP1 students begin to discuss and decide upon their university or after school choices. They are supported with the application procedure in the UK, Europe, the USA and other countries. Universities visit the school campus to present their programmes and suitable visits are recommended for vacation time.
The university counselling goal is to prepare all of our students so that they progress smoothly to the next stage of their education and development when they graduate from Carlsbad International School. Whatever their goal, CIS can help them to find their connection and to find their contribution.
Sample university requirements
REGISTER: Contact us to ensure you receive information about admissions and enrolment.
NEXT: Why not read about our Summer Camp


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How to Avoid Being the Victim of a Cold Reading by Psychic Rheda
Published Date 12/8/2013
Category: Psychic Topics
Much like changing fashion trends, psychics—more modernly known as advisors—have evolved over the years. Still, they seem to have one basic common denominator: good old-fashioned, entertaining giddy-up and 'good grief' (trial and error).
The challenge lies in finding the best 'hat' for the job, which is far from easy. Any self-respecting fashion-conscience soul will tell you "it's all in the accessories;" the advisor and the advised alike; the fit must be glove-like if it's going to be a hit on the runway. Depending upon the advisor's background, one may be more comfortable with a particular reading style, vocal accent or tone (not to mention, whatever arsenal of tools a particular advisor chooses).
Have you ever heard of "cold readings?" In short, a cold reading is a technique used to analyze the physical attributes of a person (hairstyle, age, culture, etc.) to gather obvious information and make generalized statements that would apply to any person. This method of reading chiseled away at the validity and credibility of authentic psychics for generations.
An anxious or first time client would fall scrutiny to cold readings because of their eagerness to connect. This type of one-on-one reading is nothing more or less than physical, emotional and cultural profiling. When a person is face to face during a cold reading, it can be difficult for even the most gifted psychic reader to concentrate on the energy rather than the obvious.
Chosen ones, truly gifted souls, can also lean toward cold readings if they don't remain vigilant for the warning signs. And cold reading is not limited to reading in person; it can also be integrated during a phone session. Much akin to reading a hair style, mannerism, or designer bag for clues face-to-face, the advisor can read the tone of one's voice, the accent of a particular region and even pauses or silence between dialogue.
These are a few of the most obvious and distinguishable differences between face-to-face, phone and chat readings. For this reason, perhaps chat is the best of all reading types and yet, it's often overlooked by avid believers and seekers of the art of psychic reading as an impossible way to connect. But to the skeptic, chat readings can be particularly trusted.
If you can wrap your head around these next few statements, you'll see that psychic readings online may prove to be the most fashionable 'hat,' on the psychic runway.
1. While engaging in a chat reading, the advisor must rely solely upon basic information and his or her own connection with guides, ascended masters and teachers, or the spirits of departed loves ones.
Depending upon your personality, typing speed and intellect, chat readings just may be the best 'chat in the hat!' And the cat's is finally out of the bag! Top of the day!
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Joshua1981: Thank you Rheda, I cant wait to talk to you i really need your help,