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Aric Dromi
We are extremely happy and proud having Aric at Nordic FUTURE days Great Space digital day.
Aric is looking into a new way of thinking about how things work. He helps advance philosophical research and related fields through innovation & technology. At the same time Aric looks at emerging global trends – and helps identify the strategic implications of those trends.
An essential part of capturing the future is being able to explain it, make it tangible and most important, make it relevant. That's exactly what Aric does. He tell stories about the future that could happen and help develop concepts around what should happen.
Aric's work is industry-agnostic, and covers trend activity in the realms of science & technology, economics, politics, demographics and environmental issues.


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5 Causes of Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) & How to Prevent Them
Sick building syndrome, or SBS, is an illness that affects hundreds of office workers each year, although for many it goes undiagnosed. A major cause of absenteeism, SBS can cost businesses serious money in low productivity levels and unfit workers. Headaches, nausea and difficulty breathing are all symptoms of SBS that are often mistaken for other illnesses. But what does all this have to do with heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC)?
SBS can be triggered by a number of factors and one of these is poor air quality. Hot, polluted air circulating around a building isn't good for anyone and over long periods of time it can be extremely damaging. If your HVAC system has been installed improperly or isn't performing to the best of its ability, it could be doing more harm than good. Preventing SBS should be a top priority and is a lot easier than you might imagine. Below is a list of common SBS causes and how you can treat each one.
1. Substandard Ventilation
Air conditioners should keep offices cool and well ventilated, but poor maintenance can be a prime contributor to SBS. If your air conditioner is underperforming then you can expect your staff to underperform too. Knowing where to look for faults and how to fix them can go a long way towards rectifying the problem.
Faulty air conditioners contribute to SBS in one of two ways: poor design or contaminated air ducts. In the first instance, Air conditioners which don't optimise the airflow through them, could actually turn the air sour. The situation is then exasperated by pollutants such as dust and fibres collecting in the ducts and becoming distributed throughout the office. Ensuring your air conditioner is routinely maintained and cleared of these pollutants can help to stem the effects of SBS.
2. Uncontrolled Heat And Humidity
Of course, HVAC isn't just about ventilation. There's also the heating side of things to regulate and maintain. Research indicates that offices where workers aren't able to control the heat and humidity settings are more at risk from SBS than those which allow it. When employees are unable to regulate room temperatures their workrate suffers. Over time, this can result in the physical symptoms associated with SBS.
HVAC systems which enable user regulation are a simple solution to humidity issues and a building maintenance team should bear this in mind when fitting any unit. Maintaining the humidity levels between 40-70% will ensure worker efficiency doesn't suffer and humidifying equipment should be checked and cleaned regularly.
3. Build Up Of Chemical Pollutants
Dust is just one pollutant to deal with. Chemical contaminants can often enter the ventilation ducts from either inside or outside the office. Furniture that gives off that 'new building' smell is actually releasing harmful chemical into the air. If these aren't filtered out by the building's ventilation unit, they can begin to circulate the office and irritate the lungs and throats of workers. Cleaning products and cigarette smoke produce similar effects and need to be eliminated.
Storing harmful substances away from populated areas is a start, but, again, the issue often boils down to poor ventilation. Checking for all possible weaknesses to the HVAC system and changing air filters routinely can alleviate the problem. Be sure to find out whether there are any building sites or busy roads nearby that could be contributing to the pollution, as increasing air supply rates could simply distribute more of it.
4. Low Quality Or Flickering Lights
In addition to ventilation issues, there are also a number of maintenance problems which can intensify SBS. Poor quality lighting is one such problem and needs to be sorted in order to improve conditions. Employees who are forced to work in low levels of light find it harder to concentrate and, consequently, fall behind on their work due to stress and strain.
If the HVAC system appears to be running smoothly, then checking for problems with light fitting could be the answer. Conduct a thorough sweep of all fittings to determine whether they could be working more efficiently and replace any that are faulty immediately.
5. Uncomfortable Office Equipment
By itself, uncomfortable office furniture might not seem enough to warrant the label 'illness'. But, coupled with the issues above, it can certainly aggravate existing conditions. Chairs and desks that restrict natural movement can lead to aches and pains, whilst poorly positioned monitors can cause further stress.
Thinking ergonomically can reduce the chances of these symptoms occurring. Furniture designed to relieve tension rather than increase it can help to alleviate SBS. With one less thing to worry about, employees are less likely to see a dip in productivity. If all aspects of the workplace are maintained sufficiently, then reported cases of SBS will soon begin to decrease.
About the Author: Tony Ellerker has worked in the building services and construction industry for over twenty years. He is currently the director of Blakes M&E Building Services, who provide pre-planned maintenance, reactive repairs and installations of all mechanical and electrical systems throughout London and the South East.

subset: commoncrawl


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Trip dates for 2019
Friday, August 16th - Plan B date: Saturday, August 17th
Friday, September 13th - Plan B date: Saturday, September 14th
Experience the Ottawa River in a whole different way! Perfect for whitewater fans looking for something different and also for beginners that are a bit afraid of the bigger rapids.
Full Moon Rafting is our only weather dependent trip. When you book this experience, please keep in mind that if Mother Nature does not allow us to run that first night, we still have the second one. So keep both nights open in your calendar just in case!
Check out both booking options for this trip.


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Irvine, Ca, September 10, 2014 – WTI (www.wti.com), the Out-of-Band Console Server and PDU experts have announced a vital upgrade to their WMU Enterprise Management Software. This new version of the WMU, a centralized management utility for WTI console servers and PDU's, includes features that streamline the task of accessing and controlling globally deployed network assets via in-band and out-of-band connections.
"The purpose of the WMU is to provide a consolidated command interface that simplifies the task of accessing and controlling multiple mission-critical devices deployed across global enterprise networks," said Dustin Morrison, WTI Marketing Manager. "The latest update to the WMU software takes centralized management a step further by adding valuable new features that make it much easier for our customers to identify and connect to 3g/4g, satellite and PSTN modems at remote sites."
"In order to streamline the task of identifying and connecting to devices in your network infrastructure, the WMU now provides the ability to immediately access out-of-band modems connected to WTI devices. This allows administrators to quickly establish sessions with unresponsive equipment or remotely reboot power, with a single mouse click even when the network is down," Dustin Morrison added.
Since large network installations include a variety of different remote locations, the ability to link each device to its modem phone number or IP address drastically reduces the time required to locate and create an SSH, Telnet or dial-up connection to the correct device during network emergencies.
The capability to quickly access a specific WTI device via SSH or Telnet also allows users who may not have an onboard modem to establish a network connection to a modem-equipped WTI device, and then employ the modem on the remote device to create an outbound dial-up connection to another device of their choosing. This not only enables users to avoid long distance phone charges when communicating with remote devices, but also eliminates the hassle of setting up a dial-up modem on your PC or laptop.
The updated WMU enterprise management software provides technicians with a powerful assortment of tools that drastically simplify the task of dealing with emergencies at remote network sites:
- Quick & Secure Out-of-Band Access to Console Ports via WTI Devices
- Clearly Identify Network Infrastructure Managed by WTI Devices
- Single Command Interface for Multiple WTI Units
- Manage Usernames and Passwords
- Simplify Firmware Upgrades for WTI Units
- Centralized Collection Point for Alarms and Notifications
For 50 years, WTI has been a leading innovator in the design and manufacture of IP Enabled Smart PDUs, Console Servers and Out-of-Band Management solutions. WTI products are designed and manufactured in Irvine, California USA with partner locations in over 20 countries worldwide.
Tags: enterprise management, firmware upgrade, password management, user management, username, WMU


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Jersey Boys (musical) - Sioux Falls
May 21, 2019 - May 23, 2019
They were just four guys from Jersey, until they sang their very first note. They had a sound nobody had ever heard… and the radio just couldn't get enough. But while their harmonies were perfect on stage, off stage it was a very different story — a story that has made them an international sensation all over again. Featuring the legendary top ten hits: "Sherry," "Big Girls Don't Cry," "Walk Like A Man," "Can't Take My Eyes Off You" and "December, 1963 (Oh What A Night)."
Call the Box Office at 605-367-6000 for ticket pricing.
|Washington Pavilion
|301 S. Main Ave., Sioux Falls, SD 57104
All Dates:
May 21, 2019 - May 23, 2019 7:30-10 pm
Featuring the songs of the Four Seasons.
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Submit your event
Do you know of an upcoming festival, performance, fundraiser, competition or centennial? Share it with others in our South Dakota Magazine online calendar.


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10% OFF Spray-In Bedliner
C&C Collision Center
$100 OFF Insurance Deductible
C&C Collision Center
10% OFF Wheel Alignment
C&C Collision Center
Getting into an auto accident is a horrible experience, but finding an auto body shop that can restore your car, truck, or tractor trailer back to its original condition is easy when you bring your vehicle to the friendly and experienced professionals at C & C Collision Center.
ASE, I-CAR, and PPG certified
Anyone with a garage can claim to be an auto body shop, but no one beats our 27,000 square foot facility and our certified auto body and paint technicians. We are a family-oriented, locally-owned business devoted to ensuring you get the best customer service possible.
We make it look like there never was an accident:
Superior customer service
You can count on us to go the extra mile for you. We can give you a FREE estimate at your place or ours. We also provide a lifetime warranty on our paint jobs, as well as pick-up and delivery service for your convenience.
Stay informed on your vehicle's progress
Wondering how the repairs on your car or truck are going? We can email, text, or post on Facebook pictures to show you how far along your vehicle is regarding its repairs. Call us for more details.
We make friends by accident! Call us today at 254-848-7008 or toll-free at 888-345-1178, or visit our facility at 5849 N Hwy 6 in Waco.


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On the 8th day of gifting, Origami Owl gave to meeeeee: NEW! Jet Hematite Sparkle Drop Earrings and the perfect Swarovski Wrap Bracelet to match! (And, a limited edition holiday Locket Figurine!)
Here are the details:
*NEW! Silver Jet Hematite Sparkle Drop Earrings with Swarovski Crystals: $58
*Limited Edition Angel Crystal Moonlight Swarovski Locket Figurine: $8
*Crystal Metallic Silver Swarovski Double Wrap Bracelet: $49
This starts at 9:00am central time today, Saturday 12/8/18.
The locket shown is the new petite living locket and the Swarovski angel figurine fits perfectly!
Click here to view my website to get all the deals. Get everything before Christmas- shop now.
Happy Creating!
Clara ~.~


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White asparagus with Serrano ham & chive dressing
Prep: 20 mins Cook: 15 mins
White asparagus has an earthier, nuttier flavour than the more usual green
Nutrition and extra info
Nutrition: per serving
- kcal139
- fat10g
- saturates1g
- carbs4g
- sugars4g
- fibre2g
- protein7g
- salt0.88g
- 16 fat white asparagus spears
- 4 slices serrano ham
For the dressing
- 1 tbsp lemon juice
- 2 tbsp Dijon mustard
- 1 tsp clear honey
- 3 tbsp walnut or hazelnut oil
- 1 tbsp snipped chives
Trim the asparagus, then peel the stems with a potato peeler. Boil in salted water for 12-15 mins until the spears are tender. Drain well.
Whisk together the lemon juice, mustard and honey with some salt and pepper. Whisk in the oil, then stir in the chives just before serving.
Divide the warm or cold asparagus between 4 plates. Lay the ham on top and drizzle over the dressing.
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Comments, questions and tips
5th May, 2011
This is a typical traditional Asparagus dish in Germany/ Holland....the area between Krefeld NRW & the Dutch/German border towns. It is eaten in the months of end of April to mid June almost every day!!! Living in Portugal now we miss this dish terribly and have to go to Germany to acquire the Asparagus which tastes different to their conterpart in Spain. Only white Asparagus is used , served with Serrano ham, some cooked ham, boiled potatoes and sauce hollandaise....delicious and easy to prepare. P.s. Preboil the Asparagus scrapings and the cut-off ends with a lemon cut into pieces, dollup of butter, quite a bit of salt and water. Boil for 8/10 minutes, then add the Asparagus to the boiling water. Cook for another 8/10 minutes until Asparagus is crisp to bite.....Guten Apetit


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Archive for March, 2009
Controversial Wichita abortion doctor George Tiller acquitted
Dr. George Tiller, whose Wichita abortion clinic is one of very few in the country which offers late-term abortions, was acquitted last Friday on various charges related to some abortions he had performed.
Perhaps nowhere in the country is abortion more hotly debated than in Wichita, Kansas. (Check out the comments on the Wichta Eagle article […]
Is Frank Rich right about the culture wars?
Frank Rich thinks the culture wars are dead, washed away by the economic meltdown and election of Obama. Future Majority and Daily Kos seems to largely agree. Fingerlakeswanderer begs to differ.
This is how we weighed in:
Having spent several years covering conservative evangelical Christians for our documentary film, "What's the Matter with Kansas?" I can testify […]
Film Threat review – 3 1/2 stars!
Film Threat magazine has just posted a very favorable review of our movie, wherein James Teitelbaum writes: "In these troubled times…. [a] solidly produced addition to this welcome wave of meaningful cinema [i.e, political documentaries.]."
The next generation
Okay, so everyone's been impressed by now by how much Obama inspired youthful activism in the 2008 election cycle. In making our movie, "What's the Matter with Kansas?" we spent a fair amount of time with young conservative activists who were equally impressive. So check out this kid at last week's Conservative Political Action Conference […]


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Jun 11, 2017
Garrett and Dan took a listener recommendation this week and decided to celebrate the release of Wonder Woman with another female-led action film in the form of Joe Wright's Hanna. Neither of the boys had seen this before and were more than rewarded for trusting the audience - Hanna is stellar and more than earns its place among the great action movies of the last 30 years while never forgetting that it's about a young woman in a violent world. Or phrased another way, it's about women. Complete with one of the best one-take action sequences since Oldboy, Hanna enraptured the Movie Movie boys from start to finish and deserves to sit alongside Wonder Woman as one of the great action heroines.
Join I Like To Movie Movie at The Milburn Stone Theatre in MD on July 15th for a special screening of I Am A Knife With Legs. $5 gets you into the show, a free popcorn, and the opportunity to win some prizes.


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Orbital Welding of 316L Stainless Steel Tubing
Orbital Welding of 316L Stainless Steel Tubing
Materials Characteristics and High-Purity Applications
Type 316L stainless steel tubing is used extensively for critical piping systems in industries in which maintaining the cleanliness of high-purity liquids and gases passing through these systems is fundamental to successful product yield.
Stainless steel is used by the dairy, food, and other industries because it can be polished to a smooth, hard, relatively inert surface finish that can be maintained in a sanitary condition without degradation by corrosion.
A passive chromium oxide surface film protects the stainless steel surface, resulting in a very low corrosion rate in air at room temperature and allowing it to remain "stainless" for long periods of time. If the surface film is damaged, it will reform or heal itself if exposed to air or an oxidizing environment as long as the surface is free of contaminants.
In addition, stainless steels have excellent mechanical properties. The high strength and toughness of stainless steel, even at elevated service temperatures, make it suitable for applications in the semiconductor and biopharmaceutical industries.
Hygienic and semiconductor piping systems were joined with compression fittings as recently as the 1970s, but now welding, first manual gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) and now orbital welding, is used for joining them.
Skilled manual welders can assemble and install leak-free piping systems that meet the weld criteria for most of the accepted standards. However, orbital welding has become the accepted method of joining piping systems in high-purity industries, not only because skilled manual welders are increasingly difficult to find, but because crevices and voids frequently found in manual welds have been nearly eliminated by orbital welding.
The orbital weld bead is smoother, providing a higher-quality weld that can be repeated consistently. Orbital welds in high-purity piping systems now number in the millions.
Welding Techniques
|Figure 1. Orbital tube welding is done as a fusion GTA weld on a square end preparation, usually in a single pass. Weld current is reduced around the weld circumference in a series of steps or levels. A timed current downslope completes the weld.
|Figure 2. For 316L heats of average sulfur content, the weld puddle has a good width-to-depth ratio as shown at right. Weld puddles on low sulfur heats tend to be wide, shallow, and concave on the OD.
Orbital Fusion Tube Welding. Orbital tube welding is typically done as a single-pass fusion butt weld (see Figure 1). The weld sequence starts with a timed prepurge, during which the enclosed weld head fills with inert gas, usually argon. An arc is struck between the tungsten electrode and the weld joint, and arc rotation begins after a timed delay during which the weld puddle is formed and just penetrates the tube.
Rotational speed (RPM) is calculated to achieve an electrode travel speed at the weld surface of about 5 inches per minute (IPM) for most tube sizes. For a 1.000-inch outside diameter (OD) tube, a travel speed of 5 IPM would equate to 1.59 RPM, and it would take about 38 seconds to complete the single pass. Additional arc time must be added for the delay at the start of the weld and for the tie-in and downslope at the end of the weld.
Welding current is based on wall thickness, with about 1 amp of current for each 0.001 inch of wall. Thus, a weld program for a 1/4-inch OD tube with a wall of 0.035 inch would start with 35 amps in the first level.
If the amperage required to achieve initial penetration of the tubing wall were held constant for the entire weld, penetration would increase as the electrode traveled around the tube, producing overpenetration and OD concavity.
Therefore, provisions are made to gradually reduce the current through a series of steps or levels during the weld sequence. The welding current is pulsed between a primary current, during which the puddle achieves its maximum size, and a lower or background current, during which the puddle begins to partially solidify before becoming liquid again during the next high-current pulse.
Although welds on small-diameter thin-wall tubing may be done without pulsation, the pulse provides control of the weld puddle in all positions on heavier-wall material. Without a pulse, the puddle would tend to flow downhill and come into contact with the electrode, causing the arc to be extinguished.
The last level of the weld overlaps the start of the weld to ensure a complete tie-in, and then the current is gradually reduced in a timed downslope. In the absence of a downslope, a crater or hole would form in the last weld bead, which could extend through the entire wall.
The purge continues to flow in the weld head until the weld metal cools to a temperature at which excessive discoloration from oxidation does not occur.
A welding technique in which two or more passes are made at relatively high travel speeds and without the use of pulsation has been used in some specialty semiconductor applications. The first pass is essentially a preheat pass, so penetration of the weld joint is not achieved until the second or subsequent passes.
With this technique, it is possible to achieve a thinner weld bead, reducing the surface area of the welds in a piping system. Since the weld bead is naturally rougher than the tubing surface, this is considered advantageous for process gas lines. Welding without a pulse helps to eliminate the ripples that are a part of a typical weld bead.
Step Rotation. For fusion welds on small-diameter pipe or for welds of fittings, valves, and other components, a step procedure can provide better penetration and a wider, more forgiving weld bead.
In step mode, the electrode travel is stopped or slowed during the high or primary current pulse to allow for optimal penetration. Travel is at a normal speed during the low current pulse. The effect is similar to a series of overlapping spot welds.
This technique takes longer than the continuous rotation method, but it can help to overcome situations in which the fit-up between components is less than ideal or for welding tubing to fittings with unmatched wall thicknesses or sulfur contents.
Figure 3. The surface of the orbital weld bead is far smother on EBR 316L than on 316L refined by conventional AOD methods. At higher magnification, AOD material shows a typical dendritic crystallization pattern with an undesirable degree of roughness for critical semiconductor applications. The surface finish of the weld on the EBR material is much closer to that of the electropolished tubing. SEMs courtesy of Valex Corporation.
Manual Tacking. For some applications, tubing is manually tacked in place with a hand-held GTAW torch to align the tubes or fittings for orbital welding. If this is done, the inside diameter (ID) of the weld joint must be purged during the tacking process. An orbital arc may deflect around an unpurged tack and cause a lack-of-penetration defect, and oxidized tacks may become corrosion initiation sites.
High-Purity Applications of Orbital Welding
Semiconductor. By far the largest application of orbital tube welding is the semiconductor industry for use in process gas distribution systems. Since this industry has developed complex electronic devices with small line widths, preventing contamination during the construction of ultra-high-purity (UHP) piping systems is critical.
Process gas lines are typically 0.250, 0.375, or 0.500 inch in diameter, although tube sizes of up to 6 inches have been used for transporting gases such as nitrogen.
Process gas lines transport gases used in the production of semiconductor devices from the gas pad to the point of use. A typical gas line has more than 300 welds. Semiconductor equipment requires extensive networks of gas line tubing that are installed with orbital welding.
Gases at the parts-per-billion purity range must be able to pass through the piping systems without accumulating particulates, moisture, or other contaminants from the piping. To accomplish this, the tubing ID is mechanically polished and then electropolished to a surface finish measured in microns or microinches - typically 10 microinches (0.25 microns) Ra (average roughness), although smoother finishes are becoming common.
Bioprocess Applications. For bioprocess applications, the materials of construction that come in contact with the process must not affect the purity or integrity of the product. Type 316L stainless steel meets this requirement for most bioprocess applications, as long as its corrosion resistance is not compromised by improper welding and fabrication practices.
Autogenous welding causes changes in the passive surface film and localized changes in composition that affect the corrosion resistance in the weld and the heat-affected zone (HAZ). Careful material handling, control of weld parameters, and passivation of the welded system are needed if the piping system is to have corrosion resistance comparable to that of the parent material.
In biopharmaceutical plants, welding is used on tanks, vessels, and piping systems. Stainless steel sheets forming tanks and vessels may be welded together using the GTAW or plasma arc welding (PAW) process, in which the electrode moves on a track over stationary metal.
Cylindrical tank sections may be joined using a manipulator welder with the gas metal arc welding (GMAW) process, in which the tank is rotated under a stationary electrode. Many structural parts are welded, and some components are welded onto the tanks using manual GTAW or GMAW.
Orbital welding, which uses the GTAW process, is typically used to join tubing, fittings, and other piping system components in this industry and has been used in most of the major pharmaceutical plants in the U.S.
Typical biopharmaceutical applications of orbital welding include piping for water for injection (WFI) used in the preparation of injectable pharmaceutical products, USP Purified Water, USP Clean Steam, and other product or process contact surfaces.
Equipment manufacturers use orbital welding to weld tubing for equipment such as stills, for instrumentation tubing supplying vital gases to fermenters, and for connections from specialized equipment to process piping. Equipment skids are fabricated off-site and installed in the field by orbital welding.
Most pharmaceutical, food, and dairy plants have piping systems that are designed to be cleaned in place (CIP). This means that the piping system is not disassembled for cleaning, but chemicals from a separate piping system are passed through the process piping for cleaning. Computer-controlled valves and transfer panels route the cleaning solutions through the proper system for cleaning.
For CIP to be effective, the interior tubing surface and weld bead must be smooth enough to permit complete removal of product and be free of crevices and voids which might hide bacteria from cleaning or sterilization.
Tube diameters for biopharmaceutical tubing are typically from 1 to 4 inches, but 1/2-inch OD instrumentation tubing is becoming more common, and tubing up to 8 inches in diameter for a deionized (DI) water distribution system has been installed with orbital welding.
Much of the tubing is mechanically polished to grit finish with an Ra of 20 to 30 microinches (0.5 to 0.75 micron), although this can vary depending on the application. The use of electropolished 316L is increasing for the more critical biopharmaceutical applications, and this process reduces the Ra to 10 to 20 microinches (0.25 to 0.5 micron).
Working with Type 316L
Wrought stainless steels of the American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) 300 series are essentially austenitic at room temperature, consisting of grains in which the crystal lattice is of the face centered cubic (fcc) configuration of iron. Welds on these materials, which are structurally equivalent to cast material, generally contain some ferrite grains in which the crystal structure is in the body centered cubic (bcc) configuration.
Advances in steel refining technology and analysis methods over the past decade have made it possible to precisely control the chemical composition of 300 series materials. Since small changes in the percentage of alloying elements and trace elements can markedly affect performance, weldability, machinability, corrosion resistance, and surface finish, several subgroup specifications have been developed within the AISI specification.
In the temperature range of 800 to 1,500 degrees Fahrenheit, carbon dissolved in the austenite grains comes out of solution and draws the chromium into the grain boundaries. The loss of chromium leaves the metal grains vulnerable to corrosion.
A reduced-carbon or "L" (or ELC, extra-low carbon) version of 316 has been designed with a 0.035 percent maximum carbon content instead of the 0.08 percent maximum carbon found in the standard AISI type.
The reduced amount of carbon decreases the loss of chromium from the grain boundaries in the sensitizing temperature range, which may occur either during welding or in service. Both orbital welding, which controls the heat input during welding, and the "L" grade of 316 have lessened the concern over carbide precipitation.
Type 316L is referred to in the DIN standard as alloys 1.4435 and 1.4404, which have 2.5 to 3 percent as compared to 2.0 to 2.5 percent molybdenum respectively. Type 316L, designated as S31603 in the UNS numbering system, is favored by the high-purity industries and is relatively easy to machine and weld.
The requirement for a precision fit between the components being welded is more stringent for orbital welds, which must have consistent uniform end preparations to achieve consistent high-quality welds. As long as the cutting blade on the facing equipment remains sharp, the chip from a 316L tube end comes off in a long spiral ribbon and the tube end remains square, with little or no burr.
Tubing for the high-purity industries is typically welded autogenously with no filler metal. The welding process subjects materials to a thermal cycle that affects the distribution of elements in the surface film and element segregation within the grains.
Although these changes affect the base metal's corrosion resistance and mechanical properties, if welding is done without excessive heat and with a purge to prevent excessive heat tint due to oxidation, the changes in corrosion resistance of 316L after orbital welding are minimal.
It is less expensive and simpler to install a piping system by autogenous orbital welding than by orbital welding with the addition of filler to the weld (required when welding higher-alloy material). Thus, a material such as 316L, which can be welded without the addition of filler material while retaining its mechanical properties and corrosion resistance, offers an advantage.
A variety of fittings and other piping system components is available with end preparations suitable for orbital welding and mechanically or electropolished interior surface finishes suitable for either semiconductor or biopharmaceutical applications.
While stainless steel, especially electropolished Type 316L, is expensive, it is less costly than some other corrosion-resistant alloys. If proper fabrication and welding procedures are followed, piping systems made from 316L tubing should have a long, productive service life.
Metallurgical Aspects
Sulfur. Research has shown that elements such as sulfur and oxygen, which cause the temperature coefficient of surface tension to be positive, result in a weld puddle in which heat is transferred from the perimeter inward and downward with good penetration of the weld bead.
Removing sulfur and oxygen, either by refining or by the presence of elements that combine with sulfur or oxygen, such as aluminum, has an opposite effect on penetration. In the latter case, the temperature coefficient of surface tension becomes negative, producing a wide, shallow weld with poor penetration and a tendency toward concavity (see Figure 2).
Other elements, including manganese and silicon, have slight effects on penetration, but sulfur has by far the greatest effect.
However, sulfur in stainless steel combines with manganese to form nonmetallic inclusions called manganese sulfide (MnS) "stringers." When tubing is passivated or electropolished, the stringers leave pits in the 0.25- to 1.0-micron size range. The tiny pits show up on SEMs (scanning electron micrographs) used to screen tubing samples for surface finish qualification.
Since pitted surfaces are undesirable for high-purity applications and are typically the first places to show evidence of corrosion, tubing manufacturers and distributors have rallied to drive down the sulfur content of 316L tubing.
The American Society for Testing & Materials (ASTM) has recently added a supplement for Pharmaceutical Quality Tubing to the ASTM A270 specification for Seamless and Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Sanitary Tubing. The supplement (S2) limits the sulfur content of this grade to 0.005 to 0.017 percent. These values allow for ease of welding with lower MnS inclusions than would be found at the higher sulfur values of 316L.
With moderate to high sulfur content, type 316L is easier to machine than the low-sulfur materials, so it is favored by some fitting manufacturers. Thus, engineers, contractors, and welding personnel must take care in ordering tubing and fittings and record and track material heat numbers during fabrication to avoid costly problems.
VIM/VAR and EBR Materials
316L bar stock made by the vacuum induction melted plus vacuum arc remelted (VIM plus VAR) processes that contains a very low level of sulfide and other inclusions is now available.
This "clean" material, called 316L-SCQ™, is intended for use for ultraclean gas supply components such as valves, regulators, fittings, glands, gaskets, pipe, and tubing. The base metal has a finer, more uniform grain structure than conventional type 316L, and orbital welds on this material have a much smoother appearance.
Stainless steel produced by the electron beam refining (EBR) process has been used experimentally for special ultra-high-purity (UHP) semiconductor applications. This EBR process uses entirely virgin materials in the melt, producing an unusually clean material. Manganese and other trace elements are reduced to very low levels, resulting in reduced stringers and improved corrosion resistance.
This material also has less of a tendency to discolor from oxidation during welding. The blue "halo" that typically appears on either side of a weld on some heats of material does not appear on properly purged EBR material.
The surface of the EBR weld bead is significantly smoother than welds on even VIM/VAR material. The dendritic crystallization structure of welds on typical argon oxygen decarburization (AOD) and VIM/VAR materials form a rough surface with minute projections seen at high SEM magnifications. These projections might result in some particulation into UHP gas lines (see Figure 3).
One recurring problem with conventional type 316 is the tendency for some heats to form slag islands or weld dross on the OD or ID weld bead. A change in shielding gas or weld parameters may reduce this problem, but it is difficult to eliminate entirely.
Slag typically contains silicon and compounds of calcium and aluminum, which are added to standard melts to remove impurities. The EBR melt is very low in impurities, so additions to remove them are unnecessary, and the slagging problem is nonexistent.
Stainless steel's lack of consistent weldability from heat to heat has kept orbital GTAW from becoming a fully automatic process.
Weld programs for each tubing diameter and wall thickness are entered into the power supply memory. A weld program or schedule will produce consistent uniform welds on a particular batch of tubing, but if tubing of a different heat number is introduced, some adjustment of amperage may be required, and parameter verification through test coupons is advisable.
Controlling the chemical composition of 316L materials with advanced refining technologies might eventually minimize heat-to-heat variations in penetration and allow orbital GTAW of tube to become a nearly automatic process. This will save the production time currently spent on optimizing weld programs for individual material heats.
Welding Type 316 for Retention of Corrosion Resistance
Welding and fabricating tubing may result in a loss of corrosion resistance relative to the unwelded base metal. The HAZ of welds has been implicated in the formation of rouge, a rust-like film containing the products of corrosion, in pharmaceutical water systems.
Contamination of stainless steel tubing, particularly with carbon, carbon steel, or chlorides, can severely affect corrosion resistance. Heat tint oxidation produced during welding also severely reduces the corrosion resistance of stainless steel, with the loss of corrosion resistance proportional to the oxygen concentration of the purge gas.
After fabrication, pharmaceutical piping systems are typically passivated with nitric acid or a mixed chelant solution before being placed into service. Passivation, however, is a relatively mild treatment and only affects the outer surface layer to a depth of 30 to 50 Å.
If the heat tint extends below this level, and it has been shown to extend to a depth of about 1,000 Å in severe cases, then passivation will not be able to remove the heat tint. For passivation to be effective, the surface must be clean.
Both welding and fabrication must be done carefully to limit damage to levels that can be corrected by passivation. Recent studies have shown that welded 316L tube samples purged at oxygen levels of 108 parts per million (ppm), 8 ppm, and less than 0.1 ppm show visible effects of corrosion in proportion to the levels of oxygen in the argon purger.
The amount of heat tint and corrosion was slightly greater on mechanically polished tubing than on electropolished tubing of the same heat number. This is most likely due to the larger surface area on mechanically polished tubing, which has a greater affinity for oxides.
Orbitally welded 316L tube samples were compared to previously studied unwelded tube samples and found to have comparable pitting potentials(2). Samples passivated with either mixed chelant solutions or with nitric acid were found to have significantly higher pitting potentials than unpassivated samples, whether or not they had been welded (see Figure 1 and Figure 2).
The exception to this was the group of mechanically polished tubes welded with the lowest-purity purge gas (108 ppm oxygen). These samples had active polarization curves, indicating a severe loss of corrosion resistance. This severe effect was not observed on electropolished tubes purged with the low-purity gas.
The most heavily corroded parts of the welds subjected to corrosion testing were the areas of overlap and downslope. Since these areas were welded twice, it suggests that the additional heat input caused a localized reduction in corrosion resistance and indicates that careful control of the heat input during welding is important for corrosion control.
Passivation was found to remove light heat tint, but not heavy heat tint, such as occurred with oxygen levels of 108 ppm. Thus, for passivation to be effective in restoring the corrosion resistance of welded tubing to about the preweld condition, the welding process must be controlled to limit heat tint.
During the past decade, advances in orbital welding, fabrication, and materials have contributed to the production of very high-quality piping systems. These advances have been driven by the need to control contamination in semiconductor process gas lines and to avoid contamination of pharmaceutical and bioengineered products, which require smooth, uniform, consistent high-quality welds.
At the same time, contractors have become sophisticated in the use of equipment such as oxygen analyzers, particle testers, and helium leak testers. Contractors have also devised standard operating procedures (SOPs) that have gradually reduced rejection rates for orbital welds to as low as 0.2 percent.
In addition, tube manufacturers, electropolishers, and fitting manufacturers have developed techniques for achieving and quantifying surface finishes. Finally, new stainless steel refining technologies offer the promise of even more satisfactory piping systems in the future that can be customized to suit the needs of a particular industry or application.
Advances in technology require change, and that can be expensive. Orbital welding equipment, electropolished tubing, highly purified argon gas, and specialty stainless steel all cost more than their counterparts.
However, without these changes, some of the products we tend to take for granted today would not have been possible. Improvements in welding technology, materials, and fabrication are combining to achieve quality piping systems with a favorable cost of ownership.
By Barbara K. Henon, Ph.D., Arc Machines, Inc.
Barbara K. Henon is Manager of Technical Publications with Arc Machines, Inc., Pacoima, California. Originally presented at the Twelfth Annual World Tube Congress, October 7-10, 1996, sponsored by the Tube and Pipe Association, International (TPA). For more information on the standards mentioned in this article, contact AISI, 1101 17th St. NW, Washington, D.C. 20036, Tel: (202) 452-7100; ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., W. Conshohocken, PA 19428, Tel: (610) 832-9500.
The author gratefully acknowledges the following people who have contributed their expertise in the preparation of this manuscript: Craig Burton, Metallurgical Engineer with Valex Corporation; Norm Schmidt, Product Application Manager with Carpenter Steel Division, Carpenter Technology Corporation; Steve Wilkinson of Dockweiler, U.K.; and Robert Snyder of Binsky & Snyder Mechanical Contractors.
1. A. Grant, B.K. Henon, and F. Mansfeld, "Effects of purge gas purity and chelant passivation on the corrosion resistance of orbitally welded 316L stainless steel tubing," Pharmaceutical Engineering, January/February 1997.
2. S.H. Lin, "Corrosion protection of high copper aluminum alloys and stainless steels by surface modification," Ph.D. thesis University of Southern California, 1995.
- Butt Welding with Filler Material
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- 1,776 Joints Welded at Staples Center
- 316L Stainless Steel Tubing
- A Guide to Codes and Standards
- ASME Compliance
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- CBERS Propulsion System
- Christmas Tree Assemblies
- Cleanroom Fabrication
- Corrosion Resistant Materials
- Delivers Treatment Plant on Time
- Draft Beer
- Duplex Stainless Steel Tubing
- Effects of Sulfur
- Hygienic Piping System
- IBM Semiconductor Process Tools
- ID Pressurization
- Improvements in Installation
- Improving Hygienic Design
- Installation of Pharmaceutical Process Piping
- Leak-Free Tubing
- Manufacturing Facility
- Matsushita
- Orbital Welds Take Flight
- Pfizer Animal Health Group
- Pharmaceutical Piping Systems
- Plutonium-Bearing Containers
- Powdered Milk
- Purge Gas Purity
- Record Keeping and Data Aquisition
- Reducing Costs and Improving Quality
- Sanitary Process Piping
- Semiconductor Process Gas Lines
- Small Diameter Tubing
- Soldadura y tecnología del siglo XXI
- Soudage TIG orbital du système de propulsion d'un satellite
- Stainless Steel Pipe for Water Systems
- Stainless Steel Tubing
- Ultra High Purity Stainless Steel
- Vaccine Production Plant
- Weld Overlay or Cladding
- ID Welding/Cladding
- Tube-to-Tubesheet


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Money, not molars, will determine Suarez's future: The striker's latest biting scandal is barely relevant to Barcelona's businesslike pursuit, says Andy HunterGuardian (UK) |
It is tempting, and a much better tale, to suspect Liverpool are falling foul of an elaborate plot designed to prise Luis Suarez from their grasp and into the forgiving embrace of Barcelona. The fiendish plan is enacted with the bite mark on Giorgio Chiellini's left shoulder in the conspiracy world when, in reality, Suarez's latest shameful act has little influence on where he performs next season. Cash, not canines, will determine that. The process that brought Liverpool and Barcelona to a meeting table in London yesterday commenced not with "Bite 3 - it will never happen again" in Natal last Tuesday but Suarez's thwarted attempt to leave Anfield 12 months ago. Suarez was serving a ban at the time, for biting, but had to get out of England because of unfair vilification by the English media. All very familiar, although the argument was somewhat undermined by a public appeal to be allowed to join Arsenal. It was one example of Suarez taking people for a ride. The World Cup delivered another. Last summer proved a mess for Suarez, his agent Pere Guardiola and ultimately Liverpool. The player's camp believed they had an agreement to leave for a set price and, in the absence of Champions League football, the Liverpool hierarchy stood firm, principal owner John W Henry laughed off Arsenal's pounds 40,000,001 bid and Suarez had to train away from the first team having accused manager Brendan Rodgers of breaking promises. No one cared for a repeat and an agreement was reached on a lucrative new contract. The headlines centred on Suarez's pounds 200,000-a-week salary and commitment to Liverpool until 2018 when his past indiscretions and longing for the exit were forgotten as he put pen to paper in December. Both parties, however, now had clarity regarding a future possible transfer thanks to a release clause. Suarez's suitor has to meet Liverpool's valuation to land the striker, and Real Madrid's willingness to pay pounds 85m for Gareth Bale last summer was instructive. Liverpool have not suddenly decided to wash their hands of Suarez following the Chiellini incident and the subsequent four-month ban from all football-related activities. It would be surprising if key figures at Anfield have not grown tired of the appalling behaviour of the club's prized asset but Barcelona's request for a meeting was not accepted at gunpoint. It is simply business. Not a reaction to a bite. Suarez's ban presented Barcelona with opportunity to secure a player who has long dreamed of a move to Spain. They have moved swiftly, encouraging the apology and U-turn that Suarez issued for biting Chiellini then commending his strength of character for doing so 24 hours later. But unless Raul Sanllehi, Barcelona's director of football management, makes an offer acceptable to FSG, they do not walk away with their prize. Barcelona are said to value the Liverpool striker in the pounds 60m region but the damaged-goods argument does not work. The theory that a club cannot keep a disillusioned player does not hold with Suarez either. His reaction to being denied a transfer last summer - 31 Premier League goals and a clean sweep of Player of the Year awards - would support Ian Ayre's case should the need arise in the chief executive's meeting with Sanllehi. Liverpool accepted Barcelona's request for talks not only to hear their offer for Suarez but to register interest in Alexis Sanchez. Barcelona are willing to offer the winger as a makeweight but whether the Chile international can be lured remains to be seen. He will not be short of options following an outstanding World Cup campaign. pounds 50m and Sanchez? That would soften the blow at Anfield should Suarez become Barcelona's brilliant problem. In the meantime, Steven Gerrard's advice to Suarez when he was flirting with Arsenal last August is beginning to sound prophetic. "Move on if you want, further down the line, but a player of his calibre should wait for the big one to come to him," was Gerrard's message. "He deserves to play for one of the best teams in the world, a Barcelona or a Real Madrid. They will come calling for him again." Captions: Luis Suarez's turbulent time at Liverpool has mixed highs with causes for despair but he may be about to start a new chapter at Barcelona AFP/Getty Images Alexis Sanchez could form part of Liverpool's Suarez deal, although the Chile forward will be in demand after a fine World Cup
DISCLOSURE: The views and opinions expressed in this article are those of the authors, and do not necessarily represent the views of equities.com. Readers should not consider statements made by the author as formal recommendations and should consult their financial advisor before making any investment decisions. To read our full disclosure, please go to: http://www.equities.com/disclaimer.
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'Paradise Park The Musical' is based on the cult classic film of the same name by acclaimed West Virginia filmmaker and director Daniel Boyd and will premiere at Theatre West Virginia June 15.
"God's comin', and he's gonna grant us all a wish."
"God's comin', and he's gonna grant us all a wish." 'Paradise Park The Musical' has been adapted for the stage by acclaimed West Virginia filmmaker, director Daniel Boyd. Mountain Stage's own Larry Groce has written a new and extensive score for this premiere. The story contains themes familiar to citizens of West Virginia; poverty, religion, hopes and dreams and centers on people caring for other people, through hard times, through natural disasters and through everyday life.
While these themes are all too familiar to West Virginians, Daniel Boyd said; "It is set in one particular community but the story is universal." Composer Larry Groce chimed in with; "When I first read the script for Paradise Park The Movie, back in 1991, I loved the heart of the script. I loved what this script was really about. It symbolizes, in many ways, what I found in West Virginia. I came here 45 years ago and I found people who care for other people. That's what this story's about." Theatre West Virginia General Manager Scott Hill had this to say about the show; "You may know 'Paradise Park' the film that was 25 years ago. Larry Groce was in it, Danny Boyd directed it, but we're turning that into a musical. We're turning that West Virginia story about God coming to a trailer park into a play, a musical, at Grandview for Theatre West Virginia."
This cult classic will make its way to Theatre West Virginia's 1,260 seat Cliffside Amphitheatre at Grandview in the New River Gorge National River outside Beckley, W. Va. beginning June 15. With show dates including June 15 through 17, June 20 through 24, and June 26 through July 1, performances begin nightly at 7:30 p.m. Tickets are available by visiting the Theatre West Virginia Box Office or by calling 304-256-6800.


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Soda Shop Consulting
The Old Town Slidell Soda Shop Training
Are you are looking into opening a new store and would like a first-hand experience of what it takes to run a shop? Or do you have an existing ice cream shop and would like to increase sales or generate more income? Everyone who has walked in my shoes has said this is the best money they have ever spent.
This is a one day intensive training session that will cover all aspects of daily operations of a soda shop.
The day begins at 9 AM and continues throughout the day ending at 9:30 PM. This enables the trainee to be exposed to an entire day from opening to closing.
You will be at my side all day and I will be explaining to you the what, where, when, and why of each phase of the entire day. We will discuss opening and closing times, days to be closed, if you would serve food or not, why we serve the old type items here in the shop, and what sizes we have chosen to serve, and why. We will cover advertising, and hiring practices. We have done over 3,000 birthday parties since opening in 1988, and we will cover how parties could impact your business. We will go over in fairly great detail the procedures guide for operating the shop, and I will stress the importance of establishing your own manual for your own store operations. You will get a copy of our procedures manual along with the days training.
You will be instructed in proven industry standards and practices that have been tested and proven to help in developing a well run clean and profitable ice cream retail establishment. We are going to make malts, shakes, ice cream sodas, floats, sundaes, banana splits, sno balls, and sandwiches. You probably will not be able to eat all the items you are going to make that day, but I want you to make and taste each item so you will gain the first hand experience yourself.
We will even touch on making your own ice cream. We will go over every aspect of what we do here at the Soda Shop and we will discuss things we have tried and didn't work. I want to go over all these points because you will gain a great knowledge of what may or may not work in your operation. Hopefully with my guidance you can avoid many of the pitfalls that cost so much money in opening a new business.
Some people that have benefitted from this session have been Leapolds Ice Cream in Savana GA., The Corner Store in Bramwell WV., Peoples Drugs in Waveland MS., Peoples Drugs Amite City LA., Blue Bunny's International Sales Force.
The cost of my one day session is $500.00 for 1 person and $200.00 for each additional person.
I also offer a store layout service, on site training at your location, opening day support and help. If you need additional information on these services and cost I will be happy to forward you the information.
Thank you very much for your interest in my services, and I hope to hear from you soon.
Frank M. Jackson
Old Town Slidell Soda Shop
301 Cousin St.
Slidell LA 70458-3637
References available upon request


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Update: Luke Bryan appeared on Tuesday's edition of "Late Night With Seth Meyers."
Bryan participated in an interview with Seth Meyers. Naturally, the interview touched on his role as an "American Idol" judge. The famous music competition series returns Sunday.
Bryan also discussed his relationship with Blake Shelton.
He later took the stage to perform. Somewhat surprisingly, he performed "Hooked On It" rather than current radio single "Most People Are Good."
Videos and photos follow:
The new season of "American Idol" premieres this Sunday on ABC.
In support of the launch, Luke Bryan recently commenced a television promotion tour.
Tuesday, that tour brings him to "Late Night With Seth Meyers."
Bryan appears for an interview on Tuesday's episode. He is not simply there to chat, however. The country superstar also delivers a musical performance.
Taped earlier in the day, Tuesday's "Late Night" additionally features a visit from LA Mayor Eric Garcetti.


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Shrimp Salad 1/2 box of Ditalini pasta (or your favorite pasta) 1 cup of mayo 3 T. lemon juice 1 t. salt 1/2 t. pepper 5 green onion stalks, chopped 5 small tomatoes, chopped 2 stalks of celery, chopped 1 bag of peas 1 bag of cooked shrimp, without tails Directions: Boil pasta according to package. Thaw shrimp under cool water. Let pasta cool while chopping veggies. Add all the ingredients together and fold until combined. Add more salt and pepper to taste. Refrigerate for at least an hour or until chilled. The longer you let it chill the better it will taste! This is a huge salad and will serve a lot of people as a side at a barbeque! Jessica
1 thought on "Shrimp Pasta Salad"
Oh my…this looks sooooo yummy. I wanted to feature it at my party this week, but there was no link back to my blog (please be sure to do this when linking up to my party…thanks).


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After claiming a point on Tuesday the Spireites have the chance to rubber-stamp their Sky Bet League 1 survival if they can gain a win at Swindon Town on Saturday.
A three-point haul would be the Spireites' tenth away win of the campaign - twice as many as they've managed at home - and would follow up the brilliant win at Barnsley on the last away trip.
Team News
The Spireites have no fresh injury concerns going into Saturday's vital clash and are boosted by the recall of Dan Gardner after his loan spell with Bury was cut short and the midfielder is back in the squad for the trip to the County Ground.
Sylvan Ebanks-Blake will be pushing for a start after his cameo appearance against Doncaster on Tuesday night, though Ian Evatt (Achilles) and Angel Martinez (knee) remain side-lined as long term absentees for Chesterfield.
Swindon trio Drissa Traore, Brandon Ormonde-Ottwill and Jeremy Balmy are all available for selection again. The trio werel suspended by the club after a video allegedly showed them inhaling laughing gas, but the issue has now been resovled.
Midfielder Fabian Robert is likely to miss Saturday's clash after he suffered a reoccurrence of an ankle injury and missed Tuesday's trip to Walsall.
Form Guide
The Spireites are five points clear of the Sky Bet League 1 relegation zone after Tuesday's 1-1 draw with Doncaster Rovers, winger Gboly Ariyibi scoring a first half equaliser to earn a point.
Danny Wilson's men will be looking to build on that going into Saturday's trip and having lost just one of their last six matches away from home, the Spireites will be confident they can get the result which would see them climb above the Robins.
Swindon earned a credible 1-1 draw at promotion-chasing Walsall last time out which ended a run of three consecutive defeats but they are without a win in nine league matches.
From the Dugout
Speaking to Spireites PlayerHD ahead of the game, manager Danny Wilson feels one more win will all but seal survival in Sky Bet League 1 for next season and stressed the importance of picking up points no matter how it's done at this stage of the season.
He said: "A win would be sweet for either team. One more win and I think we'd be okay but it's getting that win that's the hardest part and if you don't get it then you've got to make sure you bring something back.
"That's exactly what we'll do. We'll go down there and be difficult. We've had some terrific away results this year by doing exactly that, being difficult to break down and having the ability to counter attack."
Wilson was also wary of the opposition, who possess the league's top scorer and ex-Spireite loanee Nicky Ajose.
"Ajose is a predator, he's a real fox in the box and every team would like one. From that point of view we have to respect him and Jonathan Obika upfront but we've also got players that will cause them amazing problems. We'll feel we can keep them quiet and turn it into something positive for us.
"For us, if we do stay up, it will be because that solid base we're trying to build for ourselves. It's not going to be about any individual or someone scoring but it'll be because the team have gelled together with resilience and are getting us through games."
To follow all the action from Wiltshire then keep your ears, computer mouses and tapping fingers ready and on the Spireites' official media channels.


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Wines - Red
Hawke's Bay is by far the largest contributor to the national vintage of Merlot Cabernet and Syrah varieties of wine grapes in tonnes and producing hectares.
- 82% of NZ producing hectares in Merlot Cabernet & Syrah (1836ha) in 2016
- 87% of NZ vintage in Syrah (1,922 tonnes) in 2016
- 88% of NZ vintage in Merlot Cabernet & Syrah categories (12,620 tonnes) in 2016
Hawke's Bay Cabernet Merlot wines are described as having "luscious ripe fruit flavours that acquire complex structure and elegance with age". Hawke's Bay red blends are a perfect example of creating a whole greater than the sum of its parts.
Both Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot dominant blends are produced in Hawke's Bay as well as 100% varietals. Blending choices are dependent on individual vineyard sites and conditions each vintage. Hawke's Bay blends also use Malbec, Cabernet Franc, Petit Verdot and sometimes Syrah.
"One forgets just how fine New Zealand's Cabernet Sauvignon and Bordeaux blends can be, particularly in Hawke's Bay..."
Neal Martin, Rightr for Robert Parker's Wine Advocate, May 2008.
Hawke's Bay Syrah is produced in a classic European style and described as "dark, weighty, intensely varietal with plum, fresh raspberry and black pepper flavours".
"Hawke's Bay Syrah is one of the most exciting wine styles I've tasted in the past five years"
Tim Atkin, The Observer, February 2007


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One dictator lay dead in a square in Milan, his head on the breast of his dead mistress, his body cursed and spat upon.
It mattered little where the other one was, whether quavering in a Bavarian mountain fastness or raving mad in the tomb of Berlinor dead, as the Hamburg radio this week reported. For him, too, the curtain had come down.
The European war was ending, with resolute force on the side of the victors, and the vanquished stripped of all dignity.
The phony peace that had swept the world (see below) was not too good to be true. It...
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I only became aware of the phenomenon that is Yarn Bombing this very week when on my way home from work I bumped into this.
One of the trees in a prominent place in Bristol's Castle Park had a little stripy crocheted jacket. Even though I was keen to get home after a looooong day at work, I had to stop and take a good look.
I do that same walk many times a week and am always on autopilot just dying to get home to my man, my cats, and my tea. When I spotted this woollen wonder, it shook me out of my post-work daze. I had a good walk around the tree, took some photos, walked away with a smile on my face and found myself actually LOOKING at the park I had been taking no notice of for the last seven years. Not bad for a piece of crochet?
There was a tag attached to the piece with a web address www.knitdiss.blog.com so obviously I had to have a look when I got home (still smiling). It turns out that the work was done by someone doing their MSc dissertation on 'Yarn Bombing'. I had no idea what this was but after browsing through the blog it didn't take too long to figure out.
Also know as Guerilla Knitting, Yarnstorming, or Graffiti Knitting, this form of street art has been growing in popularity since it originated in Texas in 2005. Bristol is a mecca for graffiti artists the world over, thanks largely to the work of Banksy making its way into the public eye, so seems the ideal place to expand the scope of street art into other media. The beauty of Yarn Bombing being that it does not cause any damage to public or private property and is completely removable, although lets hope it is allowed to remain. Oddly it is technically illegal although I doubt that any charges would ever hold up and I hope that the law-makers would turn a blind eye and appreciate the dedication and creativity involved in such an art.
Whoever you are at Knitdiss, thankyou for brightening up my journey home and I will be keeping an eye out for your future installations.
Have a look at some examples of Yarn Bombing from around the world, projects large and small are all equally fabulous.


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Happy Hanukkah to all the Jews of the world! (including myself!) I'm really glad to be finally done with my first semester finals. I came back to my dorm after my last final at 7pm blasted music on my speakers until and RA came and told me to take notice for the 24 hour quiet hours in the building. Whoops! I guess I was just in such a state of ecstasy. I am also very excited because I've spent the past couple of months searching and searching for a job for next semester. It's just so competitive in a place like college to get a job. I've been rejected so many times, it's such a self esteem boost *haha*. But on the day that I was going to leave back home, I got a email saying that I got accepted for a job! I was so happy I just started squealing with joy and staring at my reaction in the mirror (I mean, who doesn't do that?).
Okay, so recently Food Network Humor posted a hilarious video based on Sandra Lee's Kwanzaa cake: the most racist and inaccurately represented piece of food on the planet. So, in case you didn't know Sandra Lee is a klutzy drinking Food Network "personality" who shines little to no genuine personality on television and creates ridiculous and barf-worthy 'tablescapes' and themes for each episode. The her entire show just drags on with each 1-hour segment. So for one episode, yep, she decides to celebrate all three major winter holidays by cultivating all of the limited and inaccurate knowledge that she knows about these unfamiliar cultures and throws together some "inspired" cakes for her viewers.Of course, any viewers that she has must be part of some cult of cocktail drinkers that probably get drunk with her in bars. In this episode the "Kwanzaa cake" consists of a angel food cake topped with icing, filled with "African" pie filling, and then drizzled with pumpkin seeds and acorns. This cake just emanates with racism; there is nothing as unsettling as a clueless person imitating the life, breath. and soul of this traditional holiday; I bet her black friends (if they exist) come from all around to share in such a spectacular cake. Oh yeah… if a god-like figure such as Sandra Lee can craft such a vivid representation of the great annual harvest, then anyone can! What's great is that everything on this cake is fit for human consumption, including the acorns! I can imagine that everyone's inner squirrel must squeal for joy to finally come across a recipe that consists of acorns. Sandra Lee, you are my hero. This cake is a masterpiece, and you should enjoy this wonderful creation from a devoted fan.
Connor has lately gotten me pretty hyped up about the new movie, Extremely Loud and Incredibly Close, based on the novel with the same name by Jonathan Safran Foer. The movie follows this boy who has been deeply affected by the death of his father during the 9/11 attack. His father had always instilled in him a sense of adventure and chasing after mysteries, and so when the boy finds a key left in the closet by his father, he feels like there is still a part of his dad that he needs to discover out in the real world. Despite the absurdity of a little boy freely running around New York City by himself (not a forced isolation like in Home Alone 2) there was still a sense of magic from the trailer that was absolutely stunning. I am really curious about the emotional changes and discoveries that this boy makes as he looks for more about his father. I can relate to him, sort of. I mean, I've found a key in my closet when I was little, became obsessed with it, and wore it around my neck everywhere I went with the hope of finding what it opens. Of course, that lock ended up being directly adjacent to where I had originally found it *haha*. The point is, I was attached to it and the mystery behind what it opened. Little kids are just so free, they can become attached onto hobbies or other interests so much more than adults. And although these attachments are temporary, the relationships are so intimate that children build their own magical world around them. I am curious to see how the boy's interest in his father in Extremely Loud and Incredibly Close is painted throughout the movie.
Also, I've been looking back at a lot of my older posts lately, gosh, my writing has changed so much over the past couple of years. I came across this web archive website called web.archive.org that was posted in a previous Club Penguin related post and I am re-realizing now how amazing the website is. It basically makes copies of older versions of web pages and posts them as an array across a timeline. Remember Ask Jeeves? I certainly do: the first search engine I probably ever used on the computer. I sort of miss seeing the old butler on the askjeeves.com website. I discovered using this website that the website was renamed ask.com in 2002 and that he left at the end of February 2006, how sad. I've always enjoyed a little bit of nostalgia in my day.


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The latest on the war against "Toxins" from discovery news.
Good news:
...the levels in people in the United States are lower than they were two years ago," said Donald Patterson, formerly of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and now president of a company called EnviroSolutions ConsultingBad News:
...we can still measure them," added Linda Birnbaum, director of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences in Research Triangle ParkThen they go on to list all the bad actors they were able to measure.
The chemicals in question include dioxins, PCBs, DDT, and a variety of other pesticides, insecticides, and fungicides, many of which are banned. All belong to a group of chemicals known as persistent organic pollutants (POPs).They measured levels of 68 of these bad actors (and most of these are, in fact, in high enough doses, certainly bad actors) in 1800 people. Good work. Not once in the entire article did they mention either of two relevant things:
- What were the concentrations?
- What were the negative health effects that arose from these concentrations?
Why would they leave out that information? Here is why: Its because we can measure concentrations that are far, far lower than is relevant with respect to health. We measure toxicity levels for many, many chemicals, including all the of the ones mentioned above (and you can find the answer in MSDS sheets - material safety data sheets). If there was something shockingly high with respect to the concentration of one of these bad actors, you know that is what the article would have been written about. Instead we get this:
It's not yet clear what the new study means for human health.The sorts of studies are very useful. They are used to find and catalog hot spots and to baseline for future comparison. I'm glad they do them (I hope this is not on the list of topics that republicans hate and want removed). But to write an article about "toxins" just feeds into the hysteria and de-tox cults.
I stopped reading New scientist because they insist on printing crap like that. This is appearing to be no better.
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Having problems with your Fuji FinePix S5100 Digital Camera ?
Answers :
I had the same problem, too, until I realized that the door holding the xd card wasn't shut or shut tight - the camera never powered on when that happened. When I shut the door tight it came on every time. I was just about to send the camera in to Fuji to repair. I'll update more if this isn't the fix.
Do you have the batteries inserted properly? That is, correct polarity?
Repair Help & Product Troubleshooting for Fuji FinePix S5100 Digital Camera
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Camera will not come on. Previously, I have not used the camera for two years. I took it out and charged several batteries. It shows that they are fully charged. But, the camera would not come on initially. When ti did, it will register fully charged. But, would on come on briefly and shut off after a minute.
Try to use it firstly with AC adaptor(VSK0617) to understand that if it is working. The original battery pack (CGA-S302A) irreversibly loses approximately 20% capacity per year. So it is normal I think. Also, high charge levels and elevated temperat ... Panasonic D-Snap SV-AV100 Digital Camera
When I turn the camera on, the lenses comes comes out but then goes right back in. The screen comes on for just a second, but then turns off when the lense retracts. The camera is a Kodak MX1063. Help!
This could be a lens issue or power issue. Here are two websites that delineate what you can try to fix the problem:\015\012 ... Kodak MX1063 Digital Camera
Help! My camera is doing the same thing other's do too. I turn it on and it says "Turn power off and on again" and the lens comes out and goes back in halfway. sometimes I hold down the play button for about 5 secodns and then press it again and it allows me to take (bad) pictures. When i say bad pictures I mean the screen starts shaking and gets static or something and then when i finally can take a picture they exposure comes out so bright that the picture is just a all white or it comes out t
Hi try turning on and taking hold of the end of the lense and gently pulling and twisting you may hear a click but dont force it. then turn off and on again. then you may want to try\015\012\015\012\015\012Press Menu button to ... Sony Cyber-shot DSC-W55 Digital Camera
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First verify that your camera is actually an SD500 (takes SD cards) and not an S500 (takes CF cards). If your camera is actually an S500, this would probably be a defective CCD imager. If so, Canon should fix this for you for free worldwide, and may ... Canon PowerShot SD500 / IXUS 700 Digital Camera
My canon A75 won't take photos anymore,I just get a blnk screen and when I take a photo and downoad it to my computer it comes up black. Before it went black,it would occasionally have a pink blur across the screen and then come good again.Even the pictures would come up blurry and pink.
This sounds like it might be a defective CCD imager. If so, Canon should fix this for you for free, including free shipping both ways. This is regardless of your camera's warranty status. ... Canon PowerShot A75 Digital Camera
The lens won't come all the way out- it makes clicking noises like it wants to and kind of bounces it but doesn't come out the rest of the way. If I push the zoom button over and gently twist, it will come out all the way. Once I turn the camera off and back on it gets stuck again. (I don't know for sure the model #- I don't have it with me right now but I got it about 3 years ago.)
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Hi \015\012\015\012You probably have a faulty lens unit. You can make sure of this by checking that the spaces between the two rings that extend forward at switch on has the same distance between each other. \015\012\015\012If ... Sony Cyber-Shot DSC-F717 Digital Camera
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My samsung digimax a4 will not turn on.I brought new batteries & it comes on saying 'low batteries' & it makes a funny buzzing sound if it does come on(it comes on sometimes) & the screen is very blurry.I have also cleaned the samsung shd lens several times?
... Digital Cameras
Got in the hot tub with camera and then turned it on to take a picture. Took one pic then it took 2 pics on its own and now the screen comes on for about 5 sec then turns off and wont come back on. I can hear the buttons beeping so I know the menu comes up but cant see anything on the screen.
Maybe due to the steam in the hot tub. try to blowing it with a hair dryer ... Olympus Stylus 770 SW Digital Camera
I have my camera and its the Polaroid t737. I droped it and since then it hasnt been turning on. The green light comes on and the polaroid picture comes on the screen, then it'll just go blank. Nothing comes on. Can i fix it? I know it has something to do with the lense.
... Polaroid T737 Digital Camera
I have a Moultrie 4.0 game camera. The only thing I can get to come on is the Laser Aim to come. What can i do? I can't even get date time or anything to come. Is this junk or what?
Do ya still have this camera? I may be interested if ya want to sell it as is. [email protected] ... Moultrie GameSpy 4.0 Digital Camera Deluxe
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When you turn camera on, it will come up with Lens error: 21 and when you turn dial to take pictures, it will come up with Lens error: 16 & will then shut off automaticallyl The lens never comes out to take pictures.
See http://www.fixya.com/support/r13011856-lens_error ... Sanyo VPC-E760 Digital Camera
Battery Charge My DSC-T1 battery does not seem to charge, when I plug it in, the yellow charge light comes on for awhile, than goes out. If I drop down the cover to turn it on, it comes on, and the battery shows not even half charged. When I close the cover again, the yellow light comes on for awhile, than goes out again like its not charging. Any suggestions? Thanks
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Focusing problems Hello, I have been trying to take close-up pictures (between 4-12 inches away from subject) but when I press the shutter button halfway, on the screen I see the image come into focus, come out of focus, come into focus,.. on and on for several moments until it settles on the out of focus image. I've tried setting the camera to the macro and super macro settings, and that doesn't help at all. I know it can focus, because I see it on the screen but for some reason it chooses the
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Help! when I plug my camera into the computer to upload pictures, no screen comes up. I can hear it, but nothing comes up and I have no idea how to get my pictures from my camera onto my computer! It's driving me nuts! Sometimes the screen will come up, but the last few times I've tried I get nothing! Please tell me what to do!!
When camera is in playback mode, press MENU, choose icon on right of screen that says "SET". On second page 2/2 of setup menus make sure USB option is set to DSC (download to pc) and not PC cam (webcam). When connected to computer's usb port, you sho ... Fuji FinePix S3000 Digital Camera
Canon A85 Well there are a couple of things going on right now. Sometimes when I turn the camera on it will come on but the screen on the back stays dark and blank and it doesnt make the power on noise, other times it will come on correctly. Also when you do get it to come on correctly the screen is very hazy and has lines running through it.
See this link. ... Canon PowerShot A85 Digital Camera
My camera will not come on. and also the lens is opened out and will not go back in, i have put several new batteries in it, and if i put batteries in it and close the battery door, and push on, the light will come on for about 2 seconds and then go off, but it doesn't sound like anything else comes on. i don't know what is going on, it has been working perfectly til now.
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Toshiba PDR-M700 When I power up the camera, the lens will not come out and sometimes will come out all the way to maximum zoom. When I power off with the lens out, it clicks as if something is stripped or loose. After shut down, I can push the lens back in. Once in a while the camera will work but eventually the "Lens Error" message comes up. This was a good expensive camera when I bought it but taking it in for service would probably cost more than the price of a new camera today. Can you sugg
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My lcd screen will not come on . when i take a picture it comes on for 2 seconds as usual, but will not come on to take picture
Maybe it is on a power saving mode. ... Canon Digital Cameras
Hi i have borrowed a friends camera nikon d80. I had been taken pitures dueing the day but at night time the pituers wouldnt come out at night so we had a play with it. Now we cant get anything. On the back of the camera there is a green light flashing. when i press the menu this comes up high lighted , a spnner then LCD brightness o comes up.How can i clear it. Thanks for your help paul.
Hi thanks for coming to FixYa. To solve your problem do this:\015\012Find the two buttons with green dots next to them on the top right of the camera. They are the +/- and the AF buttons. Hold them both down for a few seconds. The top lcd will ... Nikon D80 Digital Camera with 18-135mm Lens
Camera frozen will not switch on, can get the on light to come on but thats it, has been tempramental for the last two weeks on holiday, not coming on and freezing then all of sudden started working. But it will not do anything now. when green on light is on none of the buttons work at all, screen doesnt even come on it is just black. I want to download all my holiday pictures that are on the memory card.
You can get the card sorted by taking to a process station and getting them put on a disk.\015\012Or a friend with a card reader on their computer.\015\012As for the camera - were you on the coast?\015\012Damp and salt air are camera Killers.\015\01 ... Nikon Coolpix 4600 Digital Camera
EX-S500: * I turn it on and the 'Adjust' screen comes up. *I press the 'Menu' and the lens comes out, the green light flashes for awhile, it beeps a few times, it grinds a few times and shuts off. The lens stays out. *I turn it back on, the lens goes back in and the 'Adjust' screen comes on. * I press the power button and the camera goes off. *I left the camera in the charge gradle all night and the battery did not charge. *Help
You could have a power and lens issue, going on at the same time here. There's a couple of web blogs that delineate things you can try to correct these issues, and here they are:\015\012 ... Casio Exilim EX-S500 Digital Camera
Well my camera is a Samsung PL150 which I purchased from Dubai airport April this year the problems are 1. when its been fully charged it just doesn?t come on it just refuses to come on so I have to charge it again but the green light shows which means its fully charged and still it doesn?t come on I just really don?t know what to do the other one is When I try and charge my camera the red light shows which means its charging but then changes in to a flashing amber light now I searched everyt
... Samsung SL202 Digital Camera


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Go, go now! Seriously I wouldn't mind if you ditched my post to go on the hunt for a screening near you. But perhaps come back after.
You're here, ok, good. 🙂
I think I am quite a confident person. It is a face that I roll with and most of the time I believe it to be true. It is something that I have worked on for so many years. It isn't hard work but continual and going to see Embrace was another workshop for me.
I laughed throughout, relating to some of the stories and thinking about how insane some of my thoughts are. I cried thinking about my daughter possibly battling the same anxieties and how strongly I want to represent as a good role model. It also brought up some of the words that have stuck with me and take a swipe when I let my guard down.
"Your back looks just like Mr Burns'!"
I was a very skinny girl, just that way naturally. There were some eating issues but not so far as a disorder. They were so complex I just wouldn't know how to get into them in writing. Thankfully I began eating more when I started travelling (ironically as this is normally when you eat less because experience beats eating in another country). Unfortunately, I have never really gotten over when my boyfriend at the time related my back to that of Mr Burns from the Simpsons. How does one take that in their very early 20s? Not well at all!
How I wished for so many years that my backbone didn't stick out. I would sit at different angles to see if I could get it to be "in" more. I wanted to get rid of the moles that speckled my skin and over time I cosmetically did just that with necessary and unnecessary surgery over a whole decade after these words were said.
You know what, now my backbone doesn't stick out but I've moved on to complain about the weight I have put on with lazy eating and baby making. Completely one of the messages of Embrace, if it isn't one thing it is another and to be rid of all this body shame is our own confidence.
The vision in my mind of my back isn't a great one. I have to keep working on that. As funny as it sounds, comparing your body to a Simpsons character, these are the words that sting the most.
"I don't normally date girls like you. Normally they're prettier."
Where is my time machine, I need to go back and slap myself for sticking around with this guy for a year! I think it was my mission to bring him back down to earth.
Obviously, this has stuck with me but it is far from hurtful anymore. Ok, maybe it still stings the tiniest bit as it has made this post but only because who doesn't want to be "the prettiest girl" until you realise she is struggling with the same self-esteem issues as you are.
My favourite thing to do after this nasty line pops up in my head is remember his tears in my car after I broke up with him… Where are your pretty girls now, chump?!
Ok, this one is just a reaction and it happened not long ago, as in just weeks before I went and saw the movie.
It was a relaxed conversation with a family member and we were talking about weight. I mentioned that I didn't want to clock over to the next ten on the scales. You know that line when the weight has crept up and up and then you see a 9 at the end of that digital number and you spring into action… for a little while. That is where I was at and I opened up and told her my weight and how I was feeling.
Well! I may as well have served her a line of cocaine with her afternoon tea! Her reaction to my weight number was pure horror.
I have done enough work on myself to know that her response was not my issue, it is completely hers. It was her upbringing and it only highlights to me why I have to be completely aware of the messages I am sending to my own daughter.
These are not nice things to go back to and I know that many women go about their days with an emotional suitcase filled with these kinds of horrible memories. This time around thinking of these words wasn't such a bad thing as I could reflect on how they had made me feel at the time, a few years after and now. I can see the progress and power I have given to myself to soften those words.
It's that power that I hope to pass on to both my children, but especially my daughter.
Have you seen Embrace yet? You really should. It's brilliant.


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How to Toggle Added Fields on a Signup Page Depending on Membership Level Chosen
Filed under aMember 3.x, aMember Content, Premium Videos
Here's how to edit an html signup page (amember demo'd) to allow you to show some fields and hide fields depending on which membership level is chosen. An example of this is if only gold members are allowed to enter their phone numbers for your consulting calls.
Running Time: 11:35


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Neurology CME Resources
- American Academy of Neurology conferences Needs registration but it is free to register.
- Neurologyfrom the CMELIST
- Neurology Resources compiled by the Karolinska Institutet University Library, Stockholm, Sweden.
Medical education in the United States
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|Anesthesiology - Dermatology - Emergency Medicine CME Resources - General practice - Intensive care - Internal Medicine - Neurology CME Resources - Obstetrics & Gynecology - Pediatrics - Psychiatry - Radiology - Surgery
|CME in Surgery
|General surgery - Cardiothoracic surgery - Neurosurgery - Ophthalmology - Orthopedic surgery - Otolaryngology CME Resources (ENT) - Plastic surgery - Urology CME Resources - Vascular surgery
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Link to this page: Neurology CME Resources
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Home of Rhett & Link fans - the Mythical Beasts!
According to WorldAtlas.com there are 194 recognized countries of the world - - - the larger countries can be further broken down by state, region or territory, but it is just not possible to scale this project down to include everyone's exact city, village or neighborhood. Overall there are about 330 possible pin locations, but only those where MB's are known to exist through their posting to these pages will have a pin showing on the map. Sorry about that, Andorra.
If you have posted your place of domicile in the Rhett&Link Fans International discussion thread you are already on the map. But, if perchance I missed you, just leave a message for me here.
CLICK HERE or on the picture below to re-direct to BatchGeo and once there you can:
The BatchGeo interactive mapping tool allows you to choose between regular street map, terrain or a satellite image. You can also use Google Map's Street View in select areas of the world and take a virtual driving tour. Just double click anywhere on the globe to enlarge / zoom and then drag the mouse to move from place to place.
Notes - -
View Mythical Beast Map in a full screen map
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Mack (Alrokabeesk) said:
Hey Gumb, You put me in the wrong province. I`m in Alberta. Right next door to BC.
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