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NOTE: Doctor Who fans, we're giving you a weekly chance to win a set of Eleventh Doctor novels containing Tommy Donbavand's Shroud of Sorrow, Nicholas Briggs' The Dalek Generation, and Justin Richards' Plague of the Cybermen by giving us your response to each week's episode recap in the comments. Our expert judges will be reviewing the responses and picking one winner per weeek!
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OK, let's start:
There's a storm outside a stately home. Inside, Professor Palmer and his assistant Emma Grayling discuss an experiment. They both seem very nervous. There's a huge array of equipment on the table, some of it looks home-made.
However, the experiment, when it starts, seems to be more of a extra-terrestrial phenomenon. Emma, who appears to be psychic calls out, to try and help someone home, and then there's… well it looks a lot like a ghost.
Just as Emma recovers, there's a knock at the door, and it's the Doctor and Clara.
The Doctor baffles all and sundry with his patter, examines the equipment and exposes a few of the Professor's secrets, then demands to see the ghost. It turns out this is the Professor's house and Emma is an empathic psychic.
The ghost they saw earlier is the Caliburn Ghast, or the witch of the well, a spirit whose appearances have been recorded for hundreds of years. Emma is there with her empathic powers in order to allow her to appear in photographs.
So, off the Doctor and Clara go to search for the ghost. It's a ghost story, why wouldn't they? They wander into the music room, wisecracking, and it's there that things start to happen. There's a cold spot. Clara isn't happy. Things go boom. The candles go out. The house becomes cold. Someone is holding Clara's hand.
Meanwhile, the Professor, in discussing the Doctor, explains to Emma that "experience makes liars of us all." This is relevant, because clearly these two have yet to realize they're in love. But that'll have to wait, because, as Emma points out "she is coming!"
And so she does. There's a spinning disc in the air, Emma is once again possessed and the words "help me" appear on the wall. Time for a cup of tea while the Doctor and Professor develop pictures of the apparition.
Clara suggests to Emma that the Professor has feelings for her, but she doesn't seem quite convinced. During the conversation, Emma warns Clara that there's a sliver of ice in the Doctor's heart, and that she shouldn't trust him.
Off to the TARDIS, for a quick trip to always. They remain on the spot, but visit the local area over a period of millions of years, and the Doctor takes photos. This exercise seems to upset Clara, who for the first time realizes that the Doctor is effectively eternal, which brings her own mortality to the fore, and she realizes that to him, dotting in and out of time, she is not only yet to be born, but also long dead. She's a ghost. Everyone is. What use are they to him?
The Doctor, while unprepared, says simply this: "you are the only mystery worth solving," and with that, they are back in Caliburn House, looking at slides of… wait, she's Hila Tekorian! A pioneering time traveler! She has crash-landed in a pocket universe. A tiny, temporary balloon universe, tangential to our own. And she's running from a beast.
Oh, and Emma's the one that can bring her back to her rightful universe, with a little bit of help from a blue crystal from Metebelis 3. If you've never seen the Third Doctor story Planet of the Spiders, this possibly won't mean much, but seasoned Whovians will have done proper joyclaps at that moment.
While the Doctor arranges everything, there's a tender moment between Emma and the Professor. It's nice. It seems the TARDIS can't go and fetch Hila, it would burn her out, so the Doctor has to sort of psychically abseil into the balloon universe, while Emma keeps a doorway open, at no small physical discomfort to herself.
The spinning disc is back! It's a wormhole, a reality well, and the Doctor is going in. On the other side, some spooky woods on a crumbling plateau, and that beast. And Hila Tekorian! They run, but it's hard to find their way and Emma is in a lot of pain. Time is running out in every conceivable way.
Then they're in somehow in an alternative version of the mansion, but so is the beast. The Doctor sends Hila through, but that's when Emma's strength gives out. She collapses, the wormhole collapses and the Doctor's chances of getting back collapse. He's back in the spooky woods, and guess what? So is the beast. And there's a noise that sounds a lot like the cloister bell.
Emma is spent, she's terrified. Time for the Professor to inspire her to have one last go, and while she's getting herself together, Clara runs off to the TARDIS, only to be locked out, and faced with a hologram Clara, and a snippy one at that.
Emma opens the wormhole again, Clara is let into the TARDIS, and Operation Doctor-Fetch has begun. The Doctor, meanwhile, is getting a little rattled by all the spookiness in the spooky woods. And just as the beast knocks him down, and Emma screams like her spine is being removed with a spoon, Clara and the TARDIS arrive and save the day.
Later, when Emma has recovered, the Doctor reveals that he wants her to tell him who Clara really is, why she is so very impossible. But she's just a normal girl.
I tell you who isn't normal though, Hila Tokarian, who turns out to be a descendant of… Emma and the Professor! And while love is in the air, the Doctor has a sudden moment of clarity. The beast isn't scary, it's lonely! It had to try and piggyback through the wormhole, because there's another beast, in the mansion. Time to go back, play fetch and commence matchmaking!
Next: Journey To The Centre of the TARDIS.Read More


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A History of the Crusades, published by the University of Wisconsin Press over a twenty year period beginning in 1969, was intended to serve as a collaborative and comprehensive treatment of the topic, ranging in time from the first 100 years of the Crusades to their ultimate impact on the histories of the Near East and Europe. The work is comprised of six volumes, each of which is included here in its entirety.
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subset: commoncrawl


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Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) belongs to the paramyxovirus family that includes many clinically relevant viruses, such as the human metapneumovirus and measles. RSV infection can cause severe disease in infants, the elderly, and some immunocompromised adults. During RSV replication, a series of truncated forms of the viral genome is generated. These truncated viral genomes are known as defective viral genomes (DVGs) and are generated by many viruses (Lazzarini et al., 1981; Rao and Huang, 1982; Prince et al., 1996; Sun et al., 2015; Tapia et al., 2013). DVGs can restrict the replication of the full-length virus and are the primary natural triggers of the innate immune response to RSV (Sun et al., 2015; Tapia et al., 2013). Here we discuss in detail how to prepare RSV stocks with a high or low content of DVGs, and how to purify defective viral particles containing DVGs from an RSV stock enriched in defective viral particles. These procedures are useful for the preparation of viral stocks and defective viral particles necessary for laboratory research. In brief, the different RSV stocks are produced in HEp2 cells, which are commonly used to amplify this virus in the laboratory. To generate an RSV stock with a high content of DVGs, HEp2 cells are sequentially infected with a high multiplicity of infection (MOI) multiple times followed by purification of the viral particles containing DVGs using gradient centrifugation. The procedure describe here has four parts: 1. Amplification of seed RSV stock with a low DVG content (RSV-LD), 2. Generation of a stock with a high DVG content (RSV-HD), 3. Purification of DVGs by gradient centrifugation, 4. Characterization of purified DVGs.
Keywords: Respiratory syncytial virus, Defective viral genomes, Defective viral particles, DVGs, RSV preparation
Materials and Reagents
This work was supported by grant AI083284 from the National Institute of Health (CBL). The protocol described herein was based on the following paper: Sun et al. (2015).
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I read an article last week, on the subject of bereavement. One of the points made was that, in our everything-must-happen-now society, we are expected to get over loss in a fingersnap – just like we're supposed to get over every other big life-changing event. Get Divorced – well heck, hit match.com, and you'll be up the aisle again just like that! Give birth to a child after Lord knows how many hours in labor, and you'd better be thin enough for spandex before anyone sees you again, and with a svelte figure and doing Bikram yoga lickety-split. And if you're in a state of grief because someone you love dearly has died, well, just grab one of the few hundred books out there with seven steps of grieving, twelve steps to get over it, so many days for this to happen and then that, because heaven forbid you linger over the "bereavement process." And don't get me wrong, some of those books are balm for the aching soul. But what is the rush to get people through the most important transitions of life? And when did we forget that bereavement isn't just a useful term, but is to do with the desolate feeling of being bereft.
As some of you know, last year my lovely father passed away. But it wasn't the only loss – some four months before he was diagnosed with a serious blood disorder, one of my cousins died, and as fate would have it, my father's diagnosis came just after another much-loved cousin passed away following a year in hospital undergoing treatment for leukemia. Then, thirty-six hours after my father passed away, my husband's mother died.
So I've had a lot of time to think about grief, and to think about this process we call bereavement, and I think we have to find a way between "Just get over it" and the Victorian way of mourning. You see, you don't hear that word so much any more, that someone is in mourning. Yet even the tone of the word seems to describe that pull on the heart. I'm not suggesting we go back to a time when one wore widow's weeds, but it was once the protocol – if that is the right word – that when you were in mourning you wore black for a year. This told people you were bereaved, so they understood. There have been times when I would have liked a bit of understanding – for example, the time I was a bit tardy getting my things together in the line at the grocery store because the sneaker wave of grief had just hit me when I noticed a big bag of liquorice allsorts, and my dad loved liquorice allsorts. I was remembering the day I came home with a massive jar of them, and he laughed and wondered how many would be left for him, because, in truth, he didn't eat many candies, but liked to have them in the cupboard to pick at one now and again, though in the meantime my Mum and my brother and I worked our way through that jar in next to no time. Suddenly a very cross voice behind me in the line was telling me to get on because he didn't have all day.
A memory can come back to you unbidden, and suddenly your eyes are filling with tears and you're fumbling around and you wish that someone would realize that you're just remembering and hurting and you want to howl with the pain of missing that person. Instead people are looking at you as if you've been on the bottle since you got up this morning. But how would they know? In my grandmother's day, after the bereaved had worn black for a year, they wore something purple each day - it was the shade that told the world you were coming out of it, that you had managed to weather a year of anniversaries, and you were ready for society again.
And I think it does take a year, for that first dreadful grief to lift. There's been the anniversary of the day I decided to call his doctor one week into my book tour last year (while at Left Coast Crime) – I just knew it was more serious than my mother was letting on, and in one conversation had scribbled the name of his doctor, who spent 45 minutes on the 'phone telling me everything I needed to know. I asked him "how long" and with his response ringing in my ears, I was back in the UK a week later – this time last year. Another anniversary. Then there was the first major emergency room rush in the middle of the night, and then the second, and then the hospice, but in the midst of that there were the days when I would take my parents in the car for a drive, just to get us all out of the house – and a month ago, when I was doing my taxes I found receipts from the last two times I was able to take my mum and dad out for dinner. And it hit me again – the sneaker wave of grief.
So, I think whoever wrote that article has a point. A time of mourning is not prescriptive. Another friend's father died at the end of last year, and a couple of weeks ago she shared with me that one of her friends expressed surprise that she was not "over" it yet. What is happening when we expect to be over everything so quickly? Strangely enough, I see a parallel in the way we treat newborns. So often I see parents in a restaurant - a noisy place with bright lights and people everywhere – and they have a baby with them who is clearly only a week or two old. It's not going to kill the child, but there is something that doesn't sit well with me, as if everyone is so keen to just get going with life again, that respect for the beginning of life is given the same short shrift as a time of mourning at the end.
This is a year of anniversaries, and by the end of the summer my family will have weathered many firsts. But in the meantime, if I linger in the line at Safeway, it could be because I can hear my Dad saying, "Ain't it great over here, Jack - they've even got a bloke who puts your groceries in a bag for you." I'll try not to hold up the line, I'll do my best not to snivel as I'm paying – but the sneaker wave just hit me again.
That's my favorite photo of me and my dad.
And today is Good Friday, heralding the start of my favorite holiday - Easter. It's a time of new life, new beginnings, and with the promise of spring, even though many of you are snowed in. Me? Well on Sunday I'm heading out to Chicago (brrrr), on the next leg of my book tour - hope to see you along the way if I'm in your neck of the woods (www.jacquelinewinspear.com/appearances). Have a lovely weekend,


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Reflecting On "Becoming Jane"
I accidentally stumbled on a movie I've never heard of. An old look I could easily grasp for the clothes. The british accent I've loved my entire existence. A gently lightened wood. It was only after seeing it that I decided to read the title.
But no, I'd never guess it would be about Jane Austen, until I read the resume.
I forgot the time and, of course, of everything I should and had to do. I simply continued to watch.
Being a complete stranger to her own life, I shall think that most of the events portrayed in the movie have, indeed, occurred. Of course I heard a mention to Jane's "Persuasion" at "The Lake House" [a 2006 movie with Sandra Bullock and Keanu Reeves that I simply adore] and to her "Pride and Prejudice", whose movie I haven't watched yet.
And being, myself, the truest type of the lonely romantic creature, I just couldn't bear that she gave up the love of her life, Tom. Yes, yes, I completely understand her choice, her position – indeed, despite being here, with the truest indignation in my heart and fingers, if I were her, I might have done the exact same thing.
Yet, it seems so painful to live with that sort of loneliness, specially when Tom has said "I'm yours, heart and soul" and sacrificed everything and everyone who relied on him to be with her. I know that would, at some point, affect them and that she'd always feel worried – and, worse, guilty – for putting someone else's life at risk. And I also know that knowing that would destroy her and keep her from being entirely happy.
Yet, being on the outside, having never heard a sincere "I'm yours", and standing two centuries after her, I think I can provide myself the joy [I wonder if I can, even, consider it a joy] of saying that I'd also never forgive myself for letting him go away.
As a mere XXI century watcher, I felt so relieved when he came back and proposed an escape. I truly felt everything would be solved and relatively good.
She ended up not having great things, loosing her beloved one and staying with almost nothing but her writing. "I will live by my pen", she said and, well, she still does. Even being dead to the world, Jane is still truly alive in her words, in her books.
Again, as a mere and solitary XXI century observer, I can only wonder how everything would be if she hadn't found the letter, if she actually got married to Tom and they went to Scotland, as they wanted. I can only wonder how life would have been if, along with her characters, she could actually have accomplished what she wanted.
[Obviously, I can't avoid thinking what if it was me?, what would I do, as a single young woman who had to write to live. She lost love but she kept writing. Well, of course she did. And, I guess, she actually wrote even more, to compensate her inner sorrow.
Oh writers, so predictable, aren't we?! Creatures who live – or try to – and end up so confused and overwhelmed that they have to write. And no, it's not just a will, an evidence of being spoiled. Writing is, indeed, for people like us – who have loved a lot, but also suffered a lot – a need.
A need that is, truly, equivalent to the need that everyone who doesn't write has to breathe.]


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By Jonathan Franzen.
Farrar Straus Giroux, 562 pp., $28.
Reviewed by Maggie Galehouse
As Americans, we're raised to believe that freedom is part of our DNA.
We have the right to drink Pabst Blue Ribbon, burn fossil fuels and complain about the president. We have the right to gentrify bad neighborhoods, love our children and save the planet.
Most of us dabble in both scenarios.
But with so much room for interpretation, freedom can be paralyzing. Particularly when you consider how bound we are by our primary governing bodies: the families we come from and those we go on to create.
This paradox — the sucker-punch of adulthood — is the inconvenient truth behind Freedom, Jonathan's Franzen's first novel since The Corrections.
Ken Ellis/Chronicle
Freedom is a long, uncomfortable look at marriage and child-rearing, American-style. The heroes are also the victims: Walter and Patty Berglund, a couple who settle in St. Paul, raise two children, and reach for their version of the American dream. That the dream disintegrates for both of them — for different reasons and in different ways — speaks to the particular agonies of the middle class.
A love triangle emerges with the entrance of Richard Katz, Walter's closest friend and the guy Patty lusted after back in the day. Richard is a musician with the commitment issues one might expect; Walter has heart of gold and a weak chin. Twenty years into the Berglund marriage, each guy still plays to type, but the landscape has shifted. The Berglund children are grown and Patty is lost. For the ex-jock who devoted herself to the family team, there's no future in the person she spent two decades becoming. So Patty looks to her past.
"She had all day every day to figure out some decent and satisfying way to live, and yet all she ever seemed to get for all her choices and all her freedom was more miserable," Franzen writes. She was "almost forced to the conclusion that she pitied herself for being so free."
The Berglund children are only slightly less believable than real-life offspring. Jessica, the dutiful daughter, seems to embody the best of both her parents. But Joey, the recipient of too much unchecked love from Patty, decamps during high school to live with the Republicans next door. Connie, the next door daughter, is part of the allure.
There are dozens of boiling points in this brilliant, insular epic Franzen has foisted upon the world, which is at once hilarious, suffocating, preachy, intense, and so damn smart that you may stop to reread entire pages.
Freedom is nothing less than a great American novel, in the company of Toni Morrison's Beloved.
And Franzen is the man, readers may recall, who had the fall-out with Oprah Winfrey nearly a decade ago. Winfrey chose The Corrections for her Book Club, but after Franzen expressed his discomfort publicly — he wasn't keen on having her logo or any other corporate-smelling stamp on the book cover — Oprah cancelled the book discussion and her invitation to Franzen to appear on her show. Franzen apologized, and The Corrections won the 2001 National Book Award.
Freedom is even better than The Corrections, earning a spot in that small pantheon of art devoted to brutally honest depictions of marriage. The Berglunds are every bit as raw and disillusioned as George and Martha in Albee's Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf?, but not so vicious. Franzen also locks into the same secrets and silences that Bergman exposed in Scenes From a Marriage.
But Franzen is funny, even brazen about how far he'll extend a metaphor. When one character swallows a wedding ring and monitors his bathroom functions until it reappears, Franzen doesn't have to say that marriage is a beautiful concept encased in a lot of crap. He's shown it.
The novel also vibrates with sharp, but random, observations: "There's a hazardous sadness to the first sounds of someone else's work in the morning; it's as if stillness experiences pain in being broken," Franzen writes.
Even small moments can be hugely evocative. A young Walter, riding in the back seat while his parents deliver Christmas candy, watches a swatch of sunlight shift across the car's interior. It's easy to forget this back-seat view — a fleeting, solitary scene from childhood — until someone like Franzen reminds you.
Perhaps most important, Franzen's novel mines the deep inconsistencies of which we're all capable.
Walter, an environmental lawyer, goes to work for Big Coal. He's convinced that he can create a haven for the Cerulean Warbler, a sky-blue bird whose survival has become his odd obsession, just as soon as the allotted West Virginia land is raped of its resources.
And when Patty, who has fantasized about life without Walter, begins to see him through the eyes of his adoring (and young, and beautiful) colleague, her pain is shocking and sharp.
Freedom dares to explore disappointment — in our parents, ourselves, our children, our choices, and the state of the world. And Franzen is bold enough ask the big question: Does every life deserve a happy ending?
Maggie Galehouse is the book editor of the Chronicle.


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If you frequently run multiple programs simultaneously, your desktop can get extremely cluttered with windows. This can get annoying if you're working on one program and want to minimize all the other windows -- in previous versions of Windows you had to minimize them individually.
With Windows 7's "shake" feature, though, you can minimize every window except the one in which you're currently working -- in a single step. Click and hold the title bar of the window you want to keep on the desktop; while still holding the title bar, shake it quickly back and forth until all of the other windows minimize to the taskbar. Then let go. To make them return, shake the title bar again.
You can accomplish the same thing by pressing the Window key-Home key combination -- although doing that is not nearly as much fun.
How much time do you spend searching for documents or other files on your computer network? Many studies have been made on this subject, but let's face it… just a few minutes a day adds up to a lot of time.
How much does this really cost? Here's an example based on just 5 minutes a day:
5 minutes a day x 5 days per week = 25 minutes a week
25 minutes x 50 work weeks per year = 1250 minutes (or almost 21 hours per year!)
Multiply that number by the average salary in your company and you'll quickly find that thousands of dollars are going to waste unnecessarily.
With Microsoft Windows 7, you can instantly find any documents on your computer or on a shared network drive right from the Start Menu...
Contact Crown Computers - San Diego IT Support - for a demonstration of Windows 7 today!


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Anywhere, Anytime access to your Field Service Team
PSA provides real-time mobility to field service teams through Pronto Xi ERP Software. It's time to improve customer satisfaction, optimize scheduling and increase productivity.
PSA provides real-time mobility to field service teams through Pronto Xi ERP Software. It's time to improve customer satisfaction, optimize scheduling and increase productivity.
Effective field service management ERP software must help advance the leading key performance indicator (KPI) for Field Service industries, which is customer satisfaction.
Organizations are challenged to identify new ways to provide additional value to customers either through innovation or customer-centric process change to continually boost this service indicator. Yet the challenge is surmounting as customer expectations continue to rise with the onset of new technologies including 24/7 public forum accessibility to suppliers through social media outlets.
Field Service Executives must look for methods to continually improve service delivery – but what may not be in their sight is the positive affect that modern Field Service ERP software can have on customer satisfaction levels. When implemented by a team that can assess current service delivery levels and translate opportunities through ERP software, payback can be quickly achieved.
PSA has the team and tools to provide insight and recommendations for field service operations. We possess a strong mix of industry experience and Pronto Xi ERP software knowledge that can improve customer satisfaction and other critical service KPI's like utilization, first-time fix rate, and Service Level Agreement (SLA) compliance.
PSA consultants help field service clients achieve success using field service management ERP software.
Learn how Hobart Canada attains instant visibility on all field activities to improve scheduling and improve customer satisfaction with Pronto Xi.


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text: Apex |blog-HackingTheCorporateLadder Page Content Visit the main blog page. 3 Keys to Hacking the Corporate Ladder August 2017- by Dustin Sandoval, Vice President, Principal How does a young professional start from the bottom and quickly work his or her way up the corporate ladder in a large company like Apex Systems? We asked Vice President Dustin Sandoval, who began his career with Apex just after graduating college, what he thought were the greatest themes for rapid progression. With over 12 years of experience with Apex, Dustin has held multiple leadership positions, including Director of National Accounts, Executive Managing Director, and his current role of Vice President, Principal. Dustin has achieved the Apex Top Performer Award seven times in his career. Without question, the first aspects that drew me to Apex Systems were the company's culture, values, and fast-paced environment. As a 22 year-old who was about to graduate from Colorado State University, I really wasn't sure what I wanted to do with my professional career, but I did know two things: I wanted to work for an organization where I could advance quickly and achieve my professional goals. I wanted to join an organization who values its employees, and builds their reputation by doing right by its clients and customers, as opposed to just trying to "make a buck". Job offer in hand, I was honored, and truthfully, pleasantly surprised that I made the cut to join the Apex team. I officially started my career as a Technical Recruiter in the Denver office in June of 2005. As a new recruiter, I learned very quickly that we are in the people business. Not surprisingly, I learned that in order to win in the people business, our world revolves around matching the right candidates and clients with talent and environments that will allow both parties to thrive. Simply put, you will not be in the "people business" very long if you are not making people happy and successful. End of story. Although I do realize that every situation and circumstance is different, I can pinpoint three key themes throughout my career that have helped the company and myself be successful. Key Themes: Do What You Say You're Going to Do Young professionals must realize when they are starting out in their careers, or starting a new job for that matter, their word is their brand. Your word is really all you have. A degree, a resume or a recommendation may have gotten you the job, but on your first day of work, you start building your personal brand. It is up to you to make sure that your brand is trustworthy. With that being said, always follow through and do what you say you are going to do. If someone is asking you to complete something that you cannot do because of time constraints or ability, address expectations right then and there. Always follow through if you commit to doing a task. Do What Is Right; Not What Is Convenient 'Right Now' In any job, you will have temptations to cut corners. If you are cutting a corner, you are doing it at the expense of someone else - know that! It's difficult to build trust when you are not trustworthy. To build a strong brand/personal reputation, you will need to produce consistently good work. This will lead to bigger opportunities, promotions, and higher pay. Remember that this is your career. Do what is right for the future you, not just what is convenient right now. Relationships are Everything Companies don't create change, the people who work for those companies create change. Treating people with respect and helping them achieve their goals will be the difference between someone who wants to 'run through a wall for you' and someone 'who wants to run through a wall to get away from you.' As Maya Angelou once said, "People will forget what you said, forget what you did, but they will never forget the way you made them feel." Products, spreadsheets, and methodologies don't care how you treat them, people do. Find a way to help others create success, and you will find that career paths, job opportunities, and promotions start to open for you. Lastly, I have found that growing your career quickly is about recognizing opportunities that align with your strengths and having the ability to demonstrate to your boss and/or team that you are the right person for the "next level." Just because you are a great developer doesn't always mean you would be a great architect. Don't seek a promotion for the sake of getting promoted—seek it because you are the best person for that new role. Seeking your next technical opportunity? Give our openings a look. Looking for a partner in securing your talent? Contact your local Apex branch here.


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In English, the term 'spring clean' dates to around 1855-1860, but the act of spring cleaning began far back into the distant past. It's a cultural tradition with advocates all over the world.
Shaking the house clean in Iran
Iran celebrates their New Year with festivals, customs, rituals and symbolism that date back before the country's current Islamic culture. The day of the vernal equinox, 21 March, is the first day of the solar cycle, when there are more minutes of daylight per day than there are of darkness. This is the day when Iranians celebrate Now Rouz (Persian New Year). For two weeks, Iranians adorn their streets and houses with symbols of burning and planting to signify renewal. It's a time of much optimism for the new season; a time for refreshing and reinvigorating life, a process that is perhaps most apparent in the tradition of khooneh takouni - 'shaking the house' - a custom that lives up to its name.
Khooneh takouni is a vigorous spring cleaning ritual. Iranians buy new clothes to wear and every corner of the family home is scoured and cleaned; nothing is missed. The scent of flowers in vases clears the air of stale odours and every household item from the rugs, curtains, bedding, floors, ceilings, windows, cupboards and shelves down to the last ornament receives a thorough cleaning. Once the house has been shaken, the Now Rouz can start and spring can arrive once more.
Cleansing the home at Passover
Another ritual that could identify the beginnings of spring cleaning is the ancient Jewish practice of thoroughly cleansing the home before the spring-time memorial feast of Passover. Passover (Pesach in Hebrew) is among the most important festivals in the Jewish year. It is a time when Jewish people remember how the children of Israel escaped from slavery imposed by the Pharoah, when Moses led them out of Egypt over 3000 years ago. Jewish people believe that Moses warned the Pharaoh that God would send devastating plagues if he did not let his people go. There were ten plagues culminating in the death of the first born. The festival is called Passover because before the final plague began, God told Moses his people should mark their doorposts with lamb's blood. God would then know which houses to 'pass over' and spare them from the plague.
Eventually the plagues achieved their aim and the Pharaoh told Moses that he and the Israelites must leave at once. The Jewish people left Egypt so quickly that their bread did not have time to rise. To this day, during Passover, Jewish people eat unleavened bread called Matzah in remembrance of the rapid escape from Egypt. There are strict prohibitions against eating or drinking anything which may have been leavened or fermented with yeast. In fact, Jews must clean their homes of even the smallest remnants of chametz (leavened food) for the length of the holiday. They do this by "spring cleaning" the home. The cleaning is followed by a traditional hunt for chametz crumbs by candlelight (called bedikat chametz) on the evening before Passover.
Sweeping away bad luck in China
Another contender in our search for the origin of spring cleaning can be found in China. The Chinese believe spring cleaning in preparation for the New Year brings good fortune. At the end of the year, Chinese homes are cleaned from top to bottom. The Chinese sweep floors and wash and clean their homes to remove any bad luck and misfortune that may have gathered there during the year and be lingering ready to continue into the next. Once the homes are clean and the floors swept, the Chinese welcome and preserve good fortune by refraining from sweeping for a number of days at the start of the new year. The act is believed to prevent them sweeping away any good fortune that came into the house at the turn of the year.
Ancient man cleaning for survival
Tradition and rituals aside, is there a scientific reason for cleaning in spring? Does the spring cleaning habit predate all cultures, with a trigger found in our biological make up? Some people think so. During the shorter days of winter, when exposure to daylight is limited, our pineal gland produces melatonin -the hormone that induces sleepiness. Ancient humans' lack of exposure to light would have led their bodies and minds to become slower, more subdued. As the days grew longer in March, the increased exposure to light caused melatonin levels to drop and energy levels to recover. During the long winter's slumber, dirt will have gathered in the huts and caves that our ancestors called home. As spring brought warmer temperatures, bacteria would begin to grow. With vitality restored, ancient man took to spring cleaning, a natural remedy to prevent infection and disease.
It just makes sense
Ultimately, spring is a great time to clean our homes and always has been. Before central heating, people kept their houses shut tight against the cold of winter. Homes were heated with coal, oil and wood and lit with candles. It's a lifestyle that produces a lot of smoke and ash. Spring, with its warmer days and lighter evening was, and still is, an opportunity to make a dwelling where the smell of stale smoke hung from the walls, fresh again. Windows and doors can be opened, so dust can be cleared outside and washed cloth and linen will dry quicker now that is can be hung in the breeze.
Could it be that so many different cultures embark on rituals and celebrations that involve spring cleaning because, this time of year is simply the best time to refresh and clean your home?
For a chemical-free spring clean all you need is an e-cloth and water!


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Parker County Chimney Sweeps (P.C.C. Sweeps) is locally owned and operated, fully licensed and insured chimney and dryer vent cleaning business. We have been satisfying our local customers since 1991 (Tarrant, Hood, and Parker Counties). P.C.C. Sweeps has some of the best trained professional staff and technicians who are not only well-versed in customer service, but also eager to answer chimney related issues or concerns you may have. We answer questions in regards to repairs, maintenance, up keep, conversions, relining, installations, smoke and odor issues, damper problems along with regular or even customer chimney cap fabrications and or installs. We also perform dryer vent cleaning, dryer vent installs, dryer vent re-routes, PSI readings and vent line inspections. . Please view our Services page for an extensive overview of all the services P.C.C. Sweeps has to offer
Choosing PCCS was a good choice – they came in with the best price, they were responsive with setting up the appointment and they arrived within their 2 hour time frame. The men were polite, professional and efficient. I would definitely have them do work for me again.
– Jane B.Saginaw, TX
PCCS fit me into their schedule on the same day I called. I was very happy with that. The guys came out and did the job and were out before I knew it. They were very courteous and professional. I will definitely hire them again and recommending them will not be an issue either. As a new homeowner, my first experience with a chimney cleaning company was outstanding!
– Vivian B.Keller, TX
The guys with PCCS were very professional. They ran into traffic and were delayed getting there but made sure to keep in constant contact with me about that. To me that speaks volumes. They were knowledgeable and did an great job from what I could tell. They also gave me some pointers and great advice on some things I needed to take care of. I will hire them again!
– Debbie T.Fort Worth, TX


text: Release 0.04 of the Open Clip Art Library is now available for download from the OCAL website: http://www.openclipart.org/downloads/ This release represents over 600 separate images thanks to a number of artists. The theme of this release is 'Summer'; please see the RELEASE_0.04.svg file for examples of summer contributions. :-) All of the clipart in the package are attributed as to their author, and all images are placed in the Public Domain, allowing use for any purpose without restriction. Our goal is to do for vector art what Wikipedia has done for reference information. We want to build the biggest and most open collection of free vector art in the world. So if you find these images of use, please consider contributing back and help us fill in the gaps. For details, see: http://www.openclipart.org Our next release will be in late July. In addition to building up the library further, we will be focusing on categorization. Bryce


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Moth Control Basics
Moths aren't difficult to control, but it is important to understand what you're dealing with when it comes to moths. There are only a handful of moths that homeowners have problems with. Clothes moths, which are destructive to stored wool and fur products, pantry moths (or Indian meal moths) that are destructive to stored grain products, and gypsy moths, which are heavy defoliators. Below are steps to take when dealing with a moth infestation based on the three moths mentioned above. While other moths may become nuisances, the basic control principles remain the same for all types of moths.
Damage: The three moths discussed in this article can cause significant damage. All moth larvae, or caterpillars, can cause damage to plants, but the moths discussed here cause specific damage to specific items, or are especially damaging.
- Clothes moths: The larvae of these moths will eat through stored woolen clothing, damage furs, eat through felt pads in pianos, and cause general damage to any animal-based clothing, and may congregate where hair collects (baseboards, etc).
- Pantry moths: This species of moth feed on stored grain products and other foods and can chew through cardboard and plastic packaging. They infest products and render them unusable, and these food products include: dried fruit, cornmeal, cereals, chocolate, crackers, dry pet food, etc. They can spin a silken web-like material as they feed and cause unpleasant odors.
- Gypsy moths: Gypsy moth caterpillars cause serious economic damage by heavy defoliation of many types of trees.
- General moth damage: Adult moths are rarely the cause of the damage. Caterpillars, or moth larvae, are voracious eaters and can cause significant damage to their preferred food source, be it
Monitoring: This is a key step in moth control because it will help you determine whether you have an infestation, the scope of the infestation, and lets you take inventory of the damage. First, you'll want to check for any visible damage.
- Clothes moths: Larvae feed on wool clothing, carpets, rugs, stored wool items, furs, fish food, felt pads in pianos, and any other stored organic materials. You will need to inspect all of these products, including beneath clothing cuffs and collars, cracks and crevices of furniture, and underneath furniture especially where carpet is present. Some species create silken webbing, so keep an eye out for that as well. Inspect all stored susceptible clothing, as well as where hair collects. Look for live moths and larvae, eggs, etc.
- Pantry moths: These moths are found anywhere that grain-based food products are stored. Indian meal moth larvae, the most common type of pantry moths, will feed on any product they can find, even traces of flour. Look for larvae, eggs, and the small adult moths in areas where grain-based food is stored. When the larvae feed on the material, there will be feces present and the food can take on an unpleasant odor that you may notice.
- Gypsy moths: Gypsy moths use a wide variety of trees as hosts. Egg masses, which look like tan or gold colored patches on tree bark, are an early indicator of an imminent gypsy moth problem. Seeing adult moths in your area previous to the egg masses, and having experienced the defoliating larvae in the past are good predictors of an infestation. Keep an eye on trees in your area.
Prevention: Prevention techniques for almost any indoor pest are very similar. Simply put, you need to ensure that the susceptible area or item does not offer food, water, or shelter to discourage inhabitation. If you don't currently have an infestation, or are trying to get rid of one now, these steps are important to follow when avoiding or getting rid of moths.
- Clothes moths: To prevent a clothes moth infestation, it all comes down to proper storage. Susceptible clothing must be kept in mothproof containers, such as wood or hard plastic, that can't be chewed through. The containers should be properly sealed. All clothes must be washed or dry-cleaned before storage, as soiled clothing or fabrics are more susceptible to damage. Keep storage area clean, free of cobwebs, etc.
- Pantry moths: Pantry moth prevention starts at the grocery store, checking vulnerable food for any signs of insects. Look for eggs, larvae, and adult moths. Make sure you keep your pantry or food storage area clean and free of spills, and that all food is in tightly sealed containers, preferably glass or hard plastic. Keep your food in a rotation: older food to the front, newer food to the back, and try to only buy what you will use in a few months.
- Gypsy moths: A big part of prevention efforts for gypsy moths begins with the eggs. Egg masses on trees should be removed and placed in a bucket of soapy water. Very cold temperatures can kill the eggs. Keeping trees healthy can help trees bounce back from any insect damage, including gypsy moths.
- General moth prevention: Make sure your home is well sealed against insect intruders. Moths are often attracted to lights, so keeping shades shut can decrease moths gathering near your windows. Keep any possible food sources out of reach of moths, and reduce any possible shelter for the moths and other insects, indoors and out.
Trapping: Moth traps can be used for reduction of populations (if populations aren't too large) and to help monitor your current situation. Placing traps in susceptible areas before an infestation will help you detect the first signs of any moths in your area. All moth traps use pheromones, or sex hormones, to trap one half of a moth population. They help you to pinpoint the "hot spots" of an infestation. Always read instructions carefully and thoroughly before use.
Insecticides: For indoor moths, aerosol insecticides formulated for moths will work great, but you will want to look for long lasting products that continue to work after you spray. This helps to continue control for weeks or months between applications. Outdoors, look for residual products to spray on susceptible or moth-heavy areas. Gypsy moths are susceptible to insecticides and natural predators, like birds and bats, that can help to keep populations at a minimum. We carry kits for clothes moths and pantry moths, and many products formulated to work on gypsy moth caterpillars and a wide range of other nuisance moths.
Can't find the product you are looking for? E-mail us and we'll get it for you!
We sell professional do it yourself pest control (diy), exterminator and
extermination insecticide, pesticide, chemical and bug killer treatment
products to spray, eliminate and exterminate pests.
Many of our products are not available in stores
such as Home Depot, Walmart or Lowes.


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See changes immidiately with our WYSIWYG editor and make sure what you see is what you get.
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Hump Day
We met - It was in a stage. - The gentleman who got into the stage on Broadway, corner of Grand street, about 12 N., Friday, 18th, and rode down to the Astor House, if agreeable, would be pleased to make the acquaintance of the beautiful blonde who got into the stage at the same time and place; black hat and veil; two books in her hand; one bound in blue and the other in buff. Answer by note to BLACK EYES, Herald office.
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Athlete of the week- Dwayne Dyer
February 8, 2016
What has made you so successful this season?
"I was successful this season because of my fellow teammates. I went in with a mindset to do the best that I can and not give up. Thankfully we had other athletes that would help me push myself to the limit."
How does it feel to be playing wrestling this season?
"It feels great to be wrestling. Yes, the sport is punishing. However, the bond you make with your teammates, the work ethic you learn, and the goals you achieve is amazing."
Do you believe your team's records effectively shows your team's achievements?
"Yes. We finished the season with a 16-3 record. You can't show how hard we work an easier way than our record. Our team proves that we can push ourselves to do well."
Do you believe that wrestling is a growing sport in our school?
"Yes. Just a few years ago, we were lucky to fill every weight class. Now we fill almost every weight class with J.V. to back us up."
Do any of the underclassmen look up to you?
"I would like to believe so. I've been told several times that I am one of the nicest wrestlers you'll meet. I will try my best beat another wrestler, win or lose, I will still show good sportsman like conduct. That helps underclassmen understand there are better ways to handle situations other than throwing headgear or yelling back at coaches and referees."
How did having to make weight affect you at school?
"Having to make weight is a difficult thing to do. When cutting weight you get hungry, and this can affect your grades. You have to be mentally strong to make weight and do well in school.
How has wrestling change you as a athlete?
"It has helped me in the same way that last year did. It has improved my work ethic and my physical and mental strength."
What makes wrestling different from other sports at BHS?
"Wrestling is very different from other sports. Any other sport may be tiring, it may need you to think before you run a play or send a different player out. Wrestling does all of these and more. You need to be mentally and physically ready to do whatever it takes to win. You will have to train extremely hard to help your team out. You may also have to make weight for one weight class, then get bumped to one higher for the extra win. If anyone needs to be taught a good work ethic, then wrestling is a good sport to get into."


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Congratulations! You are about to embark on the adventure of a lifetime-planning one of the most important events of your life-YOUR WEDDING DAY!
Join us at the 32nd Annual "With This Ring Bridal Extravaganza" Sunday, January 24, 2021 at the Waco Convention Center.
We have a fun filled day in store for you:
Sign up for some amazing prizes and discounts only eligible to "With This Ring Bridal Extravaganza" attendees.
Planning your perfect day can be exciting, but more often than not it may seem a bit overwhelming. At With This Ring Bridal Extravaganza you'll find everything you need to plan your day, your way, all in one place, all in one day!


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Once the application and supporting documentation have been received by Admissions, your details will be captured and the application referred to the faculty. The faculty staff will in turn check the documents submitted and, if admission criteria have been met, send a memo to the HOD/Programme Convenor enclosing the supporting documentation for consideration. Applicants who apply directly to departments are referred to the Admissions Office to complete an application form as no processing can occur without the applicant being on system.
Decisions to accept or refuse applicants are made by departments but will be conveyed to you by the faculty. You will receive a letter from the faculty advising you of the outcome in due course, but do take into consideration that final results are needed before departments can make decisions and in some instances, the decision will be deferred until undergraduate and honours results are supplied.
Admission requirements:
Applicants are required to have a Bachelors degree in the relevant discipline or equivalent qualification. Admission through the recognition of prior learning is possible in appropriate circumstances. Such admission is processed and decided in terms of the RPL policy and must be supported by the HOD and approved by Director: Graduate Studies. The HOD communicates his decision to the Faculty Office who will inform the applicant and process the registration.
Registration procedure:
Registration is processed by the Faculty Office. The student is required to obtain the signatures of the Programme Convenor and the Deans' representative (Deputy Dean: Research, Director: Graduate Programmes or Graduate Programmes Officer) before the registration is completed and recorded on the system.
Continuing students' performance is monitored annually. Before re-registration is recommended in subsequent years, supervisors confirm though the HDC that progress has been satisfactory (October each year). The HDC reports to FEC on the progress of all students registered for higher degrees. The Faculty Office enters the appropriate code for each student (CON for continue or IND for poor progress). Students whose progress is deemed by the supervisor and HDC to be unsatisfactory are informed by the GSH that re-registration will not be permitted. Students exceeding the recommended time for the degree are also informed of this.
Examination procedure:
The administration of honours examination processes are done by departments. The appointment of external examiners is done by the Faculty Office, once external examiners have been approved by the Faculty Board (via a DC).
Faculty of Humanities
University of Cape Town
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Keeping your house clean can be a job in and of itself -- one that few of us can devote all of our energy to. So after wrangling your (many!) other daily duties, it isn't surprising that some things fall through the cleaning cracks. We did some digging and found the dirtiest things in the home most people pass over. So next time you are tidying up, you might want to give these spots a scrub down.
Have you neglected to clean any of the items on our list? Where are you always surprised to find dirt?
Images via Chiot's Run/Flickr; Image © iStock.com/kyoshino
The Kitchen Sink1
Your sink sees a lot of action, from dishwashing to dinner prep. With all that dirt and bacteria you're washing off of produce, residue from handling raw meat, plus leftover food particles, the sink becomes a total trap for dirt and grime. In fact, it's dirtier than your toilet -- gross! Debra Johnson, a cleaning trainer at the national cleaning service Merry Maids, suggests always rinsing the sink with warm water and dish detergent (especially the faucet and handles) before washing fruits, veggies, and meat, and after every meal.
Refrigerator Handles2
Show of hands, how many of you open the fridge more than necessary? We thought so. Everyone touches those handles several times a day, though they are rarely (if ever!) washed. Make sure to disinfect them with a wipe or cleaning solution whenever you are wiping down your kitchen counters.
Inside the Washing Machine3
Given that its very purpose is to clean other things, overlooking the washing machine isn't hard. However, all of that moisture can lead front-loading machines to smell. To freshen, Johnson suggests mixing ¼ cup of baking soda with ¼ cup of water in a small bowl. Pour the baking soda mixture into the detergent container of your machine. Then measure 2 cups of vinegar and pour it into the drum. Wash a normal load set to the hottest water setting. Use a clean sponge to wipe around the opening of the machine and fresh water to wipe out the inside when the cleaner load is complete.
Your TV Remote4
Here's something you don't want to think about while you're marathoning movies: Your remote frequently gets dropped on the floor, stuffed between cushions, or lost under the couch. Maybe you even hold it while you're snacking. All of that accumulated dirt creeps inside of the little grooves around each button. Yuck! A simple fix is simply taking a disinfectant wipe to your remote every week.
Ceiling Fan5
Do you ever turn off your fan? Many rarely do! "Even if they are off, most people don't look up," Johnson says. If your fan is not cleaned regularly, you are literally "throwing" dust into the air whenever they are turned on. Use a high dusting tool with a microfiber filter to remove that built-up dirt and breathe easy.
Few baseboards would pass the white glove test, as most of us simply wouldn't think (or want to think) of crouching and cleaning there. But dusty and unclean baseboards can be the cause of allergies. Worse still, they are right at the height of young children. To clean, wipe down baseboards with a damp rag, then dry with a microfiber cloth.
Your Keyboard7
We hate to keep comparing things to toilets, but ... surprise, your keyboard is dirtier than a toilet! The culprit? Handwashing. Few of us wash our hands before sitting down at the computer, and to top it off, we eat at our desks and neglect to clean between the keys. Giving your keyboard a clean every month should be enough, just be sure to check for any product-specific cleaning instructions before you begin.
Behind the Toilet8
Sometimes we don't clean what we can't see! One particularly forgettable area is the floor behind the toilet. Since it is hard to reach, few people kneel down to give it a good scrub. Johnson suggests cleaning it with a multi-surface solution and a microfiber cloth. But depending on how dirty you find the area, you may need to run a vacuum with a small attachment first.
Inside Your Trash Can9
Yes, they're lined with trash bags, but bags can tear, leak, or spill. Stop unpleasant odors and insect infestations before they start by wiping the inside of your cans with cleaning solution or disinfectant wipes once in a while.
Toothbrush Holder10
You swap out your toothbrush often, but if you're not cleaning where it rests, you're fighting a losing battle. Just one peek inside a toothbrush holder's holes reveals all sort of grimey gunk you definitely wouldn't want in your mouth! Another reason to wash that holder: It's often placed near the toilet, where flushing sends a fine spray of mist that contaminates it. You can throw a toothbrush holder into a dishwasher (try the top rack) or wash it with plain dish soap and water.


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Introduction: How to Cut Pieces Longer Than Your CNC Router
Do you sometimes wish you had a bigger CNC router, to be able to cut larger parts?
Well, now you don't need one! I will show you how you can use your CNC router to cut pieces longer that it's working area.
OK, I know that it's still better to have a large CNC router rather than using this method, but larger machines tend to be quite pricey and take up more space.
I've come up with this method while I was making my own DIY CNC router MkII. Basically I made the first version out of plywood using hand tools, then I used it to cut out all the pieces again with more accuracy. Unfortunately some of the parts (supports running along the Y axis) were longer than the working area of the router so it was time to get creative. (Shortly after finishing MkII, I realised that the plywood is no good and remade it out of metal :-)
This method relies on Locating Holes to find the point X0 Y0 after the stock has been re-positioned.
Basically what we will do is:
- add Locating Holes to the drawing
- split the drawing into two pieces
- cut 1st part of the drawing
- re position the stock and realign it with the Y axis using Locating Holes
- cut 2nd part of the drawing
OK, enough talking, here it comes!
Step 1: Add Locating Holes and Split Your Drawing
In your CAD program add the Locating Holes along the Y axis as in the second picture. The second hole should be near the end of the working area and they should be as far apart as possible (for better accuracy with aligning with Y axis). The coordinates shown apply to my CNC router, which has a working area of 480x 800mm.
Next, split your drawing into two pieces making sure they are overlapping each other (you can extend the vectors to do that). Each of the pieces must be smaller than the working area of your router.
Step 2: Re Position the Second Half of Your Drawing
Generate the toolpaths for the first half of your drawing and the locating holes.
Highlight the second half of your drawing and the holes and bring the centre of the first hole to X0 Y0 as pictured above. The holes and the second half of the drawing should remain in the same position in relation to each other.
Generate the toolpaths for the second half of your drawing, you can ignore the holes this time. Make sure the toolpaths are on the correct side of the vector - some programs may get confused while calculating toolpaths for open vectors.
Step 3: Drill Locating Holes and Cut the First Half of Your Piece
Go to your router and fasten some stock to the cutting bed.
Drill the Locating Holes and cut the first half of your piece.
Step 4: Reposition the Stock and Align the Stock With Y Axis
Reposition the stock so that the first hole (marked blue) is near the Y0 of your router, as in the first picture.
Manually jog the router along the Y axis ONLY to reach the second hole. move the stock carefully to align the second hole with the endmill whilst making sure the first hole stays in the same place.
Jog the router back along the Y axis ONLY to the first hole and if the cutter is exactly above the hole, reset both axes to 0 (x=0, Y=0). Otherwise repeat this step.
Step 5: Cut the Second Half of Your Piece
Fasten the stock to the cutting bed and cut the second half of your design.
This method can be used to cut virtually infinitely long pieces by splitting your drawing into more parts and adding more holes.
You can get away with just 1 hole if your piece has a straight edge that runs parallel to Y axis. In this case just use that edge to align the stock to the Y axis.
Well done, You made it to the end! I hope I didn't confuse you too much, I tried to be as clear as I can.
If you find this Instructable useful, why not vote for it in the CNC contest!
Many thanks for reading and standby for more great Instructables!
Participated in the
CNC Contest 2016