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Makati Garden Club has sponsored hundreds of deserving students at the University of the Philippines in Los Baños, and the Family Farms Schools. We also give food and handicraft projects to the public schools in Pasay City as well as sponsor children through Elementary and High School. We encourage nursery school children to visit our garden and teach them the basics of gardening.
Open Spaces & Greening
Makati Garden Club has undertaken numerous greening and landscaping projects in Manila, Makati, and provinces in the Visayas. Among our numerous greening projects, we landscaped the Children's Ward Garden at the Philippine General Hospital (PGH), support the Heritage Arroceros Park along the Pasig River, and have donated hundreds of bougainvillea plants to the beautification of Makati walkways, and are now maintaining the GreenWall at the corner of EDSA and Ayala.
Fundraising Events
Since 1996, Makati Garden Club has teamed up with Philippine Business for Social Progress PBSP) to raise funds for the underprivileged farmers in the poorest regions of the country. We also hold Garden Fairs and Bazaars to support other charities and sustain our club activities. Towards this end, we have raised tens of millions of pesos with our annual joint event with PBSP entitled FESTIVAL OF TREES.
Makati Garden Club, in keeping with its purpose and mission, has been involved in countless civic and charitable projects throughout its 60 years of existence, particularly in the environment and conservation of open spaces. We are also involved in fund-raisers for the underprivileged, to assist in educating the poor farmer to create livelihood in agriculture and planting in the poorest regions of the Philippines.
Parks can range in size from a few hundred square feet – a bench, some plantings, and a tiny plot of grass on a busy corner – to thousands of hectares in the Sierra Madres. They can serve many purposes. They are the LUNGS of the city, offering green space and fresh air to people who more often than not experience nothing but concrete and exhaust fumes. They protect open land, extraordinary landscapes, historic sites, while also functioning as open air classrooms and laboratories for children and others.
Makati in the 1950s
Makati was once a beautiful spacious district, dotted with buildings, with the graceful Ayala Avenue running the length of the metropolis on one end, and McKinley Road on the other.
Makati today
Over the years, a concrete jungle of buildings mushroomed, more streets were paved, overpasses constructed, and unfortunately, open spaces and parks were slowly swallowed up. Unlike most major densely populated cities in the world that boast beautiful sprawling parks, Makati City sadly has none.
Makati urban spaces
The public today is beginning to understand the pivotal role that parks and open spaces play in enhancing the quality of life in our never-ending expanding cities, Makati included. City parks are an important element of smart growth that addresses both the public's need for green space and the role of green space in mitigating higher development density.
Many residents oppose high density because they believe it will consume open space, further exacerbate the already terrible parking and traffic issues, and threaten the existing quality of life with the exhaust and smog that envelopes the city. It has been found that people are now more likely to accept smaller residential properties if there is a park nearby.
Makati parks & spaces
Parks and open spaces are often thought of as the venue for fun and games, but that is only one role they play in a city environment. Urban parks, which includes plazas, landscaped boulevards and public gardens, significantly define the layout, real estate value, traffic flow, public events, and the civic culture of the community. With these open spaces and greenery, our cities and neighborhoods take on structure, beauty, breathing room and value.
Makati becomes more built up
As the city of Makati becomes more built-up, Ayala Land and Macea should invite City Government and other civic groups to work together to plan and cultivate the open areas. They must realize that preserving these green spaces are just as important as building high-density, urban structures.
The Ayala Triangle, was the former Ugarte Field and designated as an OPEN SPACE. Today it has shrunk as numerous high-rises have been constructed further shrinking the number of parks and open spaces in Makati
Makati a city garden
Makati Garden Club would like to assist in this important goal. Our aim would be to develop and enhance greenery and create a Makati that is nestled in an environment of trees, flowers, parks (small parks), and rich bio-diversity. Besides identifying, protecting and creating green spaces, and perhaps making existing natural heritage accessible to the public, MGC would like to promote public responsibility and awareness of Makati's natural environment (what is left of it.)
We want to turn Makati into a city within a garden -- create beautiful gardens all around Makati. There are a few open spaces left, and even a few hundred square feet can become a welcome oasis to the weary public. If we develop and create these pocket gardens and tiny parks, we can achieve a semblance of a garden city, much like Singapore is. Plant beautiful shady trees along the avenues, landscape the existing parks and open spaces, make these areas lush, green and welcoming. Vertical walls are also an excellent idea in developing greenery in concrete ridden areas.
"Make it happen, Make it Makati"
Parks and green spaces should be designed to be as beautiful, exciting and functional as they can be, rather than merely adequate, regardless of the resources available. Good design doesn't mean expense – it means the best design possible for the use of the open space, given the resources at hand.
That takes creativity and understanding of the community and its needs and desires, as well as a commitment to making sure that the community enjoys a facility that is first class, as befits Makati, wherein the Ayalas evangelize: "Make it happen, Make it Makati".
Makati Triangle
Green space and parks are important to the life and well-being of the communities. These open spaces, breathing rooms, lungs of the city, sometimes fall to the citizens to take the lead in protecting, restoring and creating the much needed green space. It is heart-warming and gratifying to know that Ayala Land and Macea have gotten involved in further developing and protecting the open spaces. Collaborating with other groups and individuals and soliciting help from
media can make the task go even more smoothly. And advocacy, with both policymakers and the public should go on not only before and during the process of restoration, but throughout its life….forever. Taken together, the actions will lead to community improvement for the benefit of all.
Makati Garden Club looks forward to collaborating with ALI and Macea in its desire to improve, preserve, and create green space in this soon to be Garden City. Thus, we should chant, Make it Green, Make it Makati!


text: When you need fast dependable service, you can count on Home Appliance Repair. We've been servicing the area since 1987. We provide service to Northern Virginia, the Maryland counties of Montgomery and Prince Georges, and Washington, D.C. We work on most major brands of appliances and are certified servicers for L.G. and Asko. We repair and install washers, dryers, garbage disposals, refrigerators, microwaves, cook tops, ovens, trash compactors, and ranges. Our service call diagnostic rate is $79 during normal business hours and $129 for after hours and weekend calls. We can turn around parts with in one to five days depending on supplier. We provide quality service at a reasonable price

subset: commoncrawl


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Historical records matter.
Located on the campus of Grand Rapids Theological Seminary at Cornerstone University in Grand Rapids, Michigan, the Hesse Memorial Archaeological Laboratory exists to facilitate research, train students and serve as a platform for public outreach and education.
It is named in honor of Prof. Brian C. Hesse (1944-2011) of The Pennsylvania State University, a pioneer in the application of "zooarchaeology" (the archaeology of animal bones) to the field of biblical archaeology and a teacher, mentor, colleague and friend of the current lab director Dr. Jonathan S. Greer.
Current research includes the analysis of a large collection of animal bone remains from the site of Tel Dan in northern Israel on loan from the Nelson Glueck School of Biblical Archaeology at the Hebrew Union College of Jerusalem. This analysis will be included in the final excavation volumes for the Tel Dan project currently being prepared and now benefits from collaboration with Dr. Elizabeth Arnold of Grand Valley State University's Department of Anthropology.
Consistent with the commitment of Grand Rapids Theological Seminary to provide rigorous training not only in original language exegesis but also in the historical-cultural backgrounds of the Bible, the Hesse Memorial Lab is utilized for training students in methods of scientific archaeology, i.e., zooarchaeology. Elective courses BBL-600 Biblical Archaeology and BBL-783 Methods and Practice in Biblical Archaeology are offered regularly as small group, hybrid or independent study courses and utilize the lab extensively.
The lab is equipped with appropriate manuals, scientific instruments (including a digital microscope and photography station) and an ever-growing reference collection of comparative faunal remains. The space has also provided a setting for pre-dig training for students participating in the excavations at Tel Dan. Dr. Greer serves as the associate director for these excavations.
The lab co-hosts public lectures on topics related to biblical archaeology. In addition, the lab is open for tours; interested public and private school groups and religious institutions may contact Dr. Greer to arrange a tour.


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Sectioned grapefruit, toasted pecans, and cilantro are stirred into Lone Star Slaw, giving it an extra umph of flavor. Serve this slaw as a side or on top of barbecue sandwiches.
How to Make It
Prepare Simple Slaw as directed, stirring in grapefruit zest, grapefruit juice, grapefruit sections, toasted pecans, and chopped fresh cilantro.


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Australian Maritime College
Australian Maritime College is part of the University of Tasmania which is the National Institute for Maritime Education, Training and Research. Founded in 1890, the University is the fourth oldest university in Australia and boasts a rich and proud history. AMC is one of the seven founding members of the International Association of Maritime Universities. The College is recognized globally as being a centre for excellence. Its multi-million-dollar suite of specialist teaching, learning and research facilities is internationally acclaimed and utilized by government bodies and maritime related businesses world-wide. In addition, the professionally experienced teaching and research staff have strong industry links.
AMC is dedicated to ensuring its courses offerings remain relevant to global demands. Its courses are developed in collaboration with industry and government bodies, placing the highly skilled graduates in high demand across the globe. The College offers a wide range of courses, including vocational certificates at many levels, bachelor degrees and diplomas as well as postgraduate certificates and degrees, including doctorates. Students are provided with flexible course options, with opportunities for full time, part time and online distance study. It?s class sizes are small, meaning students and teaching staff work closely together.
The College is located in Australia's picturesque island state of Tasmania, on the banks of the Tamar River in Launceston. A vibrant regional city known for its stunning architecture, Launceston features beautiful natural settings and hosts many cultural activities and sporting events.
To find out more about the information shown here – read about How we collect and display course information. IDP assumes no responsibility or liability for any errors or omissions in the content of this site. We always recommend that you speak to an IDP counsellor to get the latest and most accurate advice.


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Nearly Two Thousand Employees Volunteer to Assist Nonprofits That Work to Improve the Financial Well-Being of Individuals and Families
Public Company Information:
SAN FRANCISCO--(BUSINESS WIRE)--The Charles Schwab Corporation's annual Schwab Volunteer Week begins today with a heightened focus on helping everyday Americans become more financially fit. This year's Volunteer Week, which runs through Friday, May 21, marks the seventh consecutive year Schwab has galvanized its employees to give back during a designated period of company-sponsored time off. Throughout the week, nearly 2,000 employees and executives nationwide will donate approximately 8,000 community service hours on 129 different projects, benefiting 92 nonprofit organizations, many of which aim to help alleviate poverty and provide the foundation for financial stability.
"This year's Volunteer Week was inspired by our collective passion here at Schwab to break down barriers for people and help them attain financial well-being," said Carrie Schwab-Pomerantz, president of Charles Schwab Foundation. "Whether it's leading a workshop on financial basics at a local Boys & Girls Club or helping Habitat for Humanity build a home for a family in need, our goal is to make a difference in as many people's lives as we can."
"Giving back to the communities where we serve Schwab clients and where our employees live and work is an important tradition here at Schwab," said Walt Bettinger, president and chief executive officer of The Charles Schwab Corporation. "Extending our energy, expertise and time outside of Schwab and into the lives of the underserved during this special week is something we look forward to with great enthusiasm."
Locations for the company-organized projects include Austin; Charlotte, North Carolina; Chicago; Denver; Indianapolis; Jersey City; Orlando; Phoenix; Richfield, Ohio; San Francisco; and Raleigh, North Carolina. Additionally, some of the locations will be offering projects on site at Schwab locations to accommodate employees who may not be able to go to the organized off-site projects. Most of the on-site projects will involve assembling tote-bags with comfort items for homeless children, sponsored by Project Night Night.
The Charles Schwab Foundation will also donate a minimum $500 grant to organizations where a Schwab Volunteer Week project is being held. In total, approximately $50,000 in grants will be distributed during Volunteer Week. In addition to leading financial education workshops and mentoring, a variety of volunteer activities are planned for the week, including remodeling and painting shelters, serving food and working on community beautification. Benefiting organizations include:
- Middle schools and high schools
- A wide variety of organizations dedicated to providing health, social and human services to seniors, children, women and families
- Community food banks
- Homeless shelters and transitional-support programs
- Youth organizations such as Boys & Girls Clubs of America and Junior Achievement
- Habitat for Humanity
- Salvation Army
- Goodwill
- Project Night Night
Photos will be posted throughout the week at www.aboutschwab.com/community.
About Charles Schwab
The Charles Schwab Corporation (NYSE:SCHW) is a leading provider of financial services, with more than 300 offices and 7.9 million client brokerage accounts, 1.5 million corporate retirement plan participants, 783,000 banking accounts, and $1.5 trillion in client assets. Through its operating subsidiaries, the company provides a full range of securities brokerage, banking, money management and financial advisory services to individual investors and independent investment advisors. Named "Highest in Investor Satisfaction with Self-Directed Services" by J.D. Power and Associates in 2009, its broker-dealer subsidiary, Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. (member SIPC, www.sipc.org), and affiliates offer a complete range of investment services and products including an extensive selection of mutual funds; financial planning and investment advice; retirement plan and equity compensation plan services; referrals to independent fee-based investment advisors; and custodial, operational and trading support for independent, fee-based investment advisors through its Advisor Services division. Its banking subsidiary, Charles Schwab Bank (member FDIC and an Equal Housing Lender), provides banking and mortgage services and products. More information is available at www.schwab.com.
About Charles Schwab Foundation
Charles Schwab Foundation is a private, nonprofit organization funded by the Charles Schwab Corporation. Its mission is to create positive change through financial education, philanthropy and volunteerism. More information is available at www.aboutschwab.com/community. (0510-3055)
Photos/Multimedia Gallery Available: http://www.businesswire.com/cgi-bin/mmg.cgi?eid=6292596&lang=en
Charles Schwab
Sarah Bulgatz, 415-667-0328
Karen de Groot, 310-659-5380


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The mel-jol forum was launched yesterday night. However,
few improvements are left which will be completed very soon but this is completed now and it won't stop you from posting new topics and replying to the existing ones. So enjoy interacting with other members of the community.
Next, I am planning to collect and add some resources for the members.


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Needham, MA (PRWEB) August 10, 2006
While sufferers and entomologists alike understandably prefer not to believe that a 6 legged critter could be accountable for symptoms of itching, crawling and biting, reports of Collembola infesting humans have been made by a variety of qualified scientists and reported to the literature again and again.
Wednesday's ABC broadcast on mysterious diseases included descriptions of people believing they had bugs in their skin but failed to mention anything about published research and the fact that the skin symptoms may not be as mysterious as they think.
Collembola, also known as springtails or snow fleas, are described in the authoritative "Biology of Springtails" by Hopkin as among the most widespread and abundant terrestrial arthropods on earth.
Collembola are referred to as the earliest fossil proof of insect life on the planet. Why should people care? Collembola are being found in human hair and skin. Infestations appear to be communicable from particular environmental conditions or from one person to another, and there is no known cure once a person is infested.
A Pennsylvania woman acquired symptoms after a hyperinfestation of springtails occured in her home following a landscapers application of mulch to plantings around the foundation of her home.
A Texas man actually had Collembola identified from skin samples he delivered to the entomologist.
The same entomologist insisted it would be impossible for them to cause such symptoms even though reports of this had been published by his peers on numerous occasions.
A recently found 1955 report to the medical literature, apparently lost through the years is but another example of documented evidence on the ability of Collembola to infest or colonize humans.
In 2004, the National Pediculosis Association reported Collembola in skin scrapings collected from 18 of 20 research participants in its study published in the Journal of the New York Entomological Society at http://www.headlice.org/news/2004/delusory.htm.
Some Collembola experts disagreed with the NPA's research findings, insisting that it was impossible for Collembola to live in human skin.
Others assert that there is more of a scientific basis for Collembola in humans than the entomologist and physician's overwhelming acceptance of a psychiatric explanation (Delusions of Parasitosis) for people's sensations of biting, stinging and crawling in their skin.
"The NPA had the article translated from Swedish and the first English translation of the Bryk report is now available on the NPA website, http://www.headlice.org/swedish, with the permission of the Swedish medical journal Lakartidningen.


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Get Moving! Try These Fitness Tips
MiTo Fitness Driver @ RiminiWellness
Image by Alfa Romeo MiTo Official Channel
Info MiTo Fitness Driver: www.socialnetwall.alfaromeo.com/c/alfa-romeo-mito/alfa-ro…
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A lot of people will know that it is natural to be healthy, some have to work at it. This article features a handpicked selection of tips and tricks that are ideal for nearly any fitness routine.
If your goal is to become fit and healthy, try to find fitness programs that strengthen your muscles and help you become more flexible. There are many exercise classes available in most neighborhoods; choose one near where you live.
Push-ups are an oldie-but-goodie for getting the jiggle out of your triceps. Well, not quite average. Instead of the traditional style, a nice angle at roughly 45 degrees with your palms is much better practice. This will tone triceps faster than any other exercise.
When you are doing weight training, start small. Small muscles tire out before the large ones, so use dumbbells before moving on to the larger machines. Then move on to working out your larger muscle groups using the bigger machines.
Keep your exercise routine interesting by doing different exercises. You can help your body workout to its maximum potential, rather than get used to the same exercises over and over again. Also, once your muscles become acclimated to a particular set of exercises, you stop getting as much benefit from that workout.
You should exercise every day for at least a few minutes. Make simple adjustments to your routine such as taking the stairs instead of the elevator at work.
Test out a bench before completing any real workouts on it. Try pushing your own thumb on the seat to determine if there is plenty of padding to support you. If you feel the wooden or metal base beneath, look for another bench.
Pay your trainer ahead of time. By doing this, you will have a higher chance of following through with your workouts. Your money is already out the door. You will want to get your money's worth, so therefore, you will probably endure these sessions.
When scheduling your day, block off time for meal planning and exercise. Although you might be tempted to eat out when you go out with friends or coworkers, remember that your number one goal at the moment is to get into shape. By planning your day in the morning, you can find time to exercise and bring healthy meals with you when you leave your home.
To build some muscle in your quadriceps, try doing some simple box squats. Box squats can improve your regular squats. Just use a box behind you. Go up and down as usual, but take a 2-second break each time you hit the box.
Break your running routine into three parts. Run slowly to start, and little by little, pick up the pace until you're at your normal rate. When you get to the third part, run faster than your normal pace. Doing this will increase your levels of endurance, allowing you to run a little longer every time you go for a run.
Over-training reduces the effectiveness of exercise, so make sure you aren't doing it. An easy method in doing this is to check your pulse when you get up the next morning, after your workout the previous day.
Volunteer work is a good way to exercise, and it also benefits your community. There are a lot of physical jobs that you can volunteer for. This will keep you in motion and help you help others.
No matter the type of fitness-prone person you are, you are sure to benefit from the great advice in this article. Take the tips that fir you best and incorporate them into your routine. Spend the necessary time to achieve real fitness, and the rewards will be long-lasting.


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No, this isn't a picture of Elaine's crash, but it was something like this. As many of you know, Elaine and Mikey were in an accident on the 9th. She had to spend 5 days in the hospital, but is going to be fine. She had a brain contusion and bleeding, 2 fractured vertebrae, 2 broken ribs, air pockets in her lungs, and cuts on her arms, hands, and feet. They were all minor enough that she did not need any surgery and they just need time to heal. Thank God! She is home now recovering. She has to wear a neck brace and take it easy. She can't go to work or school yet. We wish her a fast recovery and for the pain to lessen each day. We are so glad that her and Mikey are okay, and that Mikey was there to take care of her.
For more info and a picture of the actual car, here is her blog... http://mercyelaine.blogspot.com/


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Inside an enclosure at the Crystal Palace Park in London, is a collection of over thirty concrete sculptures of dinosaurs. Built more than one hundred sixty years ago, these sculptures were the first ever attempt anywhere in the world to model dinosaurs as full-scale, three-dimensional creatures. Although the sculptures are wildly inaccurate by modern standards, they are still an important part of history because they show how the Victorians viewed prehistoric life.
These concrete beasts were designed and built by sculptor Benjamin Waterhouse-Hawkins in collaboration with Professor Richard Owen, a celebrated biologist and paleontologist of the time, best remembered today for being the one who coined the word "dinosaur", meaning "terrible lizard". Hawkins and Richards were asked to build a total of thirty three models of dinosaurs, as well as other extinct animals, in 1852 as part of a new attraction at the recently relocated Crystal Palace Park in Sydenham in south London. The trouble was, Hawkins didn't have enough fossil evidence to begin with. For instance, for the Iguanodon, the largest and the most impressive of the sculptures, Hawkins had no more than a handful of teeth and a few bones. So he did what anybody with a contract and a looming deadline would have done —he used his imagination.
A Megalosaurus model at Crystal Palace Park. Photo credit: Peter Reed/FlickrRead more »
© Amusing Planet, 2016.


text: The finest breed: UI vet fixes Thai dog's heart PetPace TeamJuly 26, 2017Diseasesdog healthDogs0 Comments 0 This article was published by News Gazette. Link URBANA — Back home in Thailand, Nana was barking on borrowed time. Now, after traveling thousands of miles to Urbana and undergoing surgery to correct a congenital defect in her heart, the 3-year-old Chihuahua has a new chance to live a normal lifetime, her veterinarians at the University of Illinois said. The surgery was done at the UI Veterinary Teaching Hospital, and Nana was doing well afterward, said Dr. Jordan Vitt, a UI veterinary cardiologist. Rick Danzl/The News-GazetteNana, a 3-year-old chihuahua from Thailand, recovering from a heart procedure at UI VetMed, with veterinary cardiologist Dr. Jordan Vitt, center, at the facility in Urbana on Monday July 17, 2017. At left is Dr. Kanokporn Kitvorapong, at right is Dr. Natpreeya Premjaroen, the two veterinarians who traveled with the dog from Thailand.Nana traveled to the U.S. with two vets from Thailand, and underwent the procedure July 13. She and the vets will be returning to Thailand later this month. Nana could have gone home as soon as the day after the procedure if she were a local dog, he said. But she traveled to the U.S. with two Thai vets who are staying until July 24 to observe at the UI veterinary hospital and learn how to perform the minimally invasive procedure that was done on Nana. Vitt first saw Nana earlier this year, when he was in Thailand mentoring some vets in cardiology at a university veterinary hospital in Bangkok. Nana was already beating the odds with a congenital heart defect called patent ductus arteriosus. Without surgery, the condition typically results in heart failure in a dog's first year of life, according to the UI. Nana continues to have an enlarged heart that was secondary to the PDA, and will be monitored during her remaining week here. Vitt also plans to check her again next March when he makes another trip to Thailand, he said. Nana's owner paid for part of the heart procedure, and the rest was covered by donations, Vitt said. The dog's owner was "very worried" about his dog making the trip to the U.S. for surgery without him, but he was unable to afford the trip and still cover part of the surgery cost, Vitt said. What took Vitt to Thailand, originally, is family and a desire to help in that country, he said. Though he was born in the U.S., Vitt said his parents are from Thailand, and many family members are there. He's been on staff at the UI for nearly a year. The two Thai veterinarians, Dr. Kanokporn Kitvorapong and Dr. Natpreeya Premjaroen, are from Kasetsart University Veterinary Teaching Hospital in Bangkok. That university covered the cost of their trip, Vitt said. The two visiting vets said they first saw Nana when she was a year old, and they know of other dogs that could benefit from the same PDA procedure she had. Their hospital currently lacks a piece of equipment needed to do the PDA procedure they're learning, they said, but they hope to one day be able to offer it back in Bangkok. Congenital heart disease is fairly rare in dogs, affecting about 1 percent of small animal patients in North America, according to the UI College of Veterinary Medicine. But for those dogs that do have congenital heart defects, PDA is one of the most common ones, Vitt said. The UI has done about 15 PDA procedures in the past year, he said. A dog with PDA suffers from a serious, abnormal blood circulation because a blood vessel called the ductus arteriosus that diverted blood from the lungs when the dog was a developing fetus failed to close at birth, as intended. With a PDA, there is continuous shunting of blood through the lungs, according to the UI. The condition is typically picked up when a heart murmur is detected. The fix can be done with open chest surgery or with the minimally invasive procedure, Vitt said. The minimally invasive option involves advancing a small catheter up a dog's femoral artery (in the thigh) and placing a self-expanding wire mesh device to close, or correct, the PDA. This article was published by News Gazette. Link


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We would like to thank our loyal visitors and new customers by offering you a free gift!
Right now we have the following free gifts available. please select one:
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NO LONGER AVAILABLE – Click here for another free vape gift instead…


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Public choice is a theory of 'government failure' here in the precisely analogous sense that theoretical welfare economics has been a theory of 'market failure' - James M. BuchananBefore I use a title for a blog entry, sometimes I'll conduct a Google search to determine just how (un)original it is...
- "Market failure versus government failure" - 32,200 results
- "Government failure versus market failure" - 28,500 results
- "Government success versus market success" - 0 results
- "Market success versus government success" - 0 results
Right now when you search for "government success"...the second result is the Wikipedia entry for "government failure". Not sure how personalized the results are though. But let's have some fun by Google bombing the heck out of "government success" by linking it to the Wikipedia article for government failure. Like so...government success.
We often hear of market failure...but what exactly does it mean for markets to fail? The standard answer typically contains concepts such as irrationality, wealth inequality, information asymmetries, negative externalities, monopolies and public goods. These concepts are frequently used to justify government intervention. But in order to truly understand market failure...I think it's essential to first understand market success.
Right now you're surrounded by examples of market success. Every product/service that you purchase is an example of market success. The toothpaste that you purchase is an example of market success. Yet, for most of recorded history, the private sector did not supply toothpaste as we know it. The market failed, but now it succeeds.
But isn't it reasonable to believe that there's still room for improvement when it comes to toothpaste? It's hard to imagine that 200 years from now people are still going to be using exactly the same toothpaste that we use. I'm pretty sure that in the future you're simply going to put a tablet in your mouth that will quickly dissolve away anything that shouldn't be in there. Not having to brush your teeth will free up your time for more valuable uses. That's progress.
Because there's always room for improvement...there's no such thing as perfect success. Every product/service we purchase is successful because consumers decided that it reduced the shortcomings of previously available products/services. Therefore, consumers incentivize entrepreneurs to not just find where there's room for improvement, but to actually make the improvements. It's relatively easy to find where there's room for improvement, but actually making the necessary improvement takes considerable amounts of effort, skill, ingenuity, perseverance...and a good dose of luck. This is why incentives matter.
The key concept is that the only way we can measure the extent of an entrepreneur's success is by observing how consumers react to the new product. If Erin, the entrepreneur, develops a tooth tablet, then the success of her product will be determined by how many consumers stop buying toothpaste/toothbrushes and buy tooth tablets instead. If toothpaste and toothbrushes become as outmoded as buggy whips, then we can definitively say that Erin successfully corrected a market deficiency/inadequacy/shortcoming/failure.
We know that the market succeeds because people are willing to pay for products. We also know that the market fails because there's always room for improvement. But can we say that the government succeeds? Nope nope nope nope. Why not? Simply because consumers don't have the freedom to demonstrate how effectively/efficiently the government is taking up the slack.
Here's how I've illustrated this...
The point of these graphs is to illustrate that the success of government depends on how accurately the supply of public goods reflects the true breadth/depth of market failure.
Graph 1 - what government success would look like
Graph 2 - what government failure looks like
Graph 3 - government success depends on knowing the breadth/depth of market failure
If we don't know the breadth/depth of market failure, then we can't truly know how well the government is complementing the private sector. For all we know it could be making mountains out of mole hills...and whatever the opposite analogy is.
The theory of pragmatarianism is that allowing taxpayers to choose where their taxes go will show us the breadth/depth of market failure.
It is, of course, not desirable that anything should be done by funds derived from compulsory taxation, which is already sufficiently well done by individual liberality. - J.S. Mill, Principles of Political Economy with some of their Applications to Social Philosophy
If education is sufficiently well done by individual liberty, then taxpayers won't spend any of their taxes on public education. The more money that taxpayers do spend on public education, the greater the depth of market failure and the greater the height of government success in terms of education.


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Indian Creek is a very special place to many people who have spent time there and awaits discovery for many more. As the fall season rolls around, I'm psyched to return to "The Creek" to see my friends and meet many new ones, not to mention climb the SICKEST CRACKS IN THE WORLD!!
I'm thinking about the future of "the Creek", we all love it for the free spirit of this amazing desert landscape, one of the last free climbing areas in the States. Let's keep it that way! If you haven't read the Access Fund's comments on the BLM Management Plan, please do it. It's our responsibility as "locals" to know the rules and inform others. If we don't treat this place right, we'll be paying fees for toilets and packed into designated BLM campgrounds!
Consider joing the Access Fund and Friends of Indian Creek, they are both committed to keeping the Creek free.
Basically the BLM is running a trial period to test whether we can handle the freedom from fees and more regulations. We need to strictly adhere to "Leave No Trace" ethics: Pack out ALL your shit, including all your shit! Wag bags are available, or you can use plastic bags pretty easily (ewwww!....get over it). Cat holes and the "shit-put" are no longer acceptable! Tread lightly on sensitive areas by using established trails and avoiding crytobiotic soil at all costs ("Dont Bust the Crust"...I'm a soil ambassador). Leave your dogs if possible, they don't understand how to protect the fragile desert. If you must bring your pet, keep it under control at all times and clean up its shit; keep it on trails and off the crypto. (Don't make Alf shoot your dog!) We need to re-evaluate the campfire scene: it's pretty great to have the warmth and spirit of a fire on those cold desert nights. However, gathering firewood at the Creek has a huge impact and is definately against the rules. Bringing wood from outside the area and limiting wood consumption are the best solutions. We need to preserve and protect Indian Creek so we can happily climb there forever!!
See y'all there in November!!


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Paul de Grauwe, an economics professor at the University of Leuven in Belgium, relates a nice tale about the value of Belgian chocolates and how that can tell us something about the value of the dollar in today's Financial Times (subscribers only):
A few weeks ago an interesting experiment was undertaken at the Brussels food fair, a yearly affair where food lovers wander around among the many stalls stuffed with all imaginable delicacies. A shop was put up selling boxes of Belgian chocolates. The first day the price was set at €9 for each box. Sales went well. The next day the price was raised to €15 per box. Steeped in economic theory, you might think that demand now declined. Wrong. Demand doubled. On the third day the price was lowered to €2 for each box. Demand for chocolates collapsed. What went wrong with the law of demand?
The explanation is given by psychologists. It is very difficult, if not impossible, for the consumer to find out the quality of chocolates by just looking at their appearance in the shop. When confronted with such uncertainty about the intrinsic value of things, consumers use simple rules of thumb that they understand. Psychologists call these "heuristics". In this case, the price of the chocolates provides the rule of thumb.
Most consumers have some experience that allows them to associate high price with high quality. It is not always like that, but on average it probably is. Thus when looking at the €15 box the consumers infer that the high price reflects high quality and they buy the chocolates. Consumers who see the boxes priced at €2 infer that the quality of these chocolates is not to be trusted, and they do not buy them. The law of demand is turned upside down.
So it is with the dollar, argues de Grauwe. Because within certain bounds, no one knows the "right" value, they follow the herd. If the dollar is going up, there must be something to it. Ditto when it is going down. The analyst earns his keep by inventing stories appropriate to the situation.
The analyst, who does not know more about the fundamental value of the dollar than the unsuspecting buyer, invents stories. Thus when the dollar goes up, the analyst goes on a search for variables that move in the right direction and that can be linked to the rising dollar, carefully eliminating from the analysis all the other fundamental variables that move in the wrong direction. And so we are told that the strength of the dollar last year was due to interest rate differentials favouring the dollar. The further widening of the current account deficit, which in a previous analysis got centre stage, is carefully dropped from the new analysis.
The honest story of why the dollar increased last year is that we simply do not know. But we do not like to admit that we do not know. Our psyche abhors the darkness of ignorance. That is why analysts' services continue to be demanded. They fulfil a psychological need to understand. Exchange rate economics these days satisfies this need by telling a new story each time the dollar goes up or down.
Like just about everyone else, at the end de Grauwe confesses he thinks the dollar must come down. "But," he warns, "do not ask me when this will happen."


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Raiding Hemiolia - LevesThese swift, manoeuvrable ships are a useful scouting force for any admiral.
Even a poor man can throw a javelin with skill.
The 'one-and-a-half' or 'hemiolia' was a light galley which was much favoured by pirates in the ancient world. It developed from the bireme, a ship that had two full decks of oars along its entire length. The hemiola reduced the number of oars on the upper level, leaving roughly half the number of oars and rowers in the midship section. The smaller number of rowers had little effect on overall speed because the laden weight of the vessel also dropped. Because it used both oars and sails, and the crew could rapidly change propulsion method, it was an ideal vessel for chasing down fat, wealthy merchant ships. Boarding attacks were mounted from hemiolas; ramming was not a useful tactic as loot ended up with the fish rather than enriching the pirates! The speed and handiness of hemiolas made them useful as scouts, supply boats and vessels used to pick off damaged enemies at the edge of battles.
Under the early Roman army's Camillan system, if you were poor or low born then you might well have found yourself in battle with little more than a spear in your hand. Typically the poorest members of a Roman Legion, leves were attached to the hastati and faced the full enemy onslaught. They were used as a screen and to skirmish with the enemy's front line. Un able to afford much armour, the leves used javelins in support of their richer compatriots. Historically, there were 300 leves alongside 900 hastati: 20 leves in front of each of the 60 maniples. They were replaced by velites, who were deployed across the three main lines of a maniple.
Unit NameRaiding Hemiolia - Leves
Main Unit KeyRom_Leves_One_Halfer
Land Unit KeyRom_Leves
Naval Unit Keyroman_one_halfer
CategoryLight Ship
ClassMissile Ship
Custom Battle Cost270
Recruitment Cost270
Upkeep Cost54
├ Missile Weaponrome_wooden_javelin
├ Projectilejavelin_wooden
├ Missile Damage20
├ Missile Ap Damage9
└ Base Reload Time10
Shots Per Minute7
└ Shiproman_one_halfer
Ship Speed6
Melee Attack5
├ Melee Weaponrome_shortsword
├ Melee Damage Base20
├ Melee Damage Ap4
├ Armour PiercingNo
├ Bonus vs. Large0
├ Bonus vs Elephants0
└ Bonus vs Infantry0
Charge Bonus3
├ Base Defence12
├ Shieldpelta
└ Shield Defence25
├ Armourcloth
├ Armour Defence10
└ Shield Armour5
├ Man Entityrome_infantry_very_light
├ Man Health40
└ Bonus Hit Points5
Base Morale20
AbilitiesRaiding Hemiolia
- Row Hard 10
Increases speed for 10 strokes.
Ship speed
- Resistant to Fatigue
Fatigue has less of an effect on this unit.
- Hide (scrub & forest)
This unit can hide in scrub and forest until enemy units get too close.
Strengths & WeaknessesRaiding Hemiolia
- Very poor hull strength
- Light crew
- Very fast speed
- Weak ramming
- Very poor boarding
- Poor missile combat
- Short range
- Fast rate of fire
- Very good damage and armour penetration
- Very weak in melee
- Very poor morale
|Faction Availability
|Grand Campaign
|Samnite Wars
|Hannibal at the Gates
|Imperator Augustus


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Monday, 15 June 2015
Berg - Lulu (Bayerische Staatsoper, 2015 - Webcast)
Alban Berg - Lulu
Bayerische Staatsoper, Munich, 2015
Kirill Petrenko, Dmitri Tcherniakov, Marlis Petersen, Daniela Sindram, Rachael Wilson, Rainer Trost, Bo Skovhus, Matthias Klink, Hartmut Welker, Martin Winkler, Wolfgang Ablinger-Sperrhacke, Christian Rieger, Heike Grötzinger, Andrea Borghini
Staatsoper.tv - 6 June 2015
As many times as Lulu is produced and reinterpreted and as many times as Alban Berg's unfinished opera is reworked, the central character, like the opera itself, remains something of an enigma. Much can be made of the ambiguous and enigmatic character of Lulu in the first Act, where her essence is captured by the Artist in a painting. It's a painting that earns him fame and fortune, but it is also ultimately responsible for his madness, suicide and death. You would expect any modern production of this still very modern and challenging opera to make something of the implications this has for nature of the work itself, as well as the themes it covers. You can also be fairly sure that these won't be neglected in a production by Dmitri Tcherniakov at the Bayerische Staatsoper in Munich.
Tcherniakov finds an effective way to depict Lulu and the work itself as an enigma by using a set built entirely of glass compartments. Everything appears to be open and transparent on the surface, but in reality it conceals an invisible maze-like structure. Painted onto the wall of this opera/this life is the Artist's portrait of Lulu, a bare life-sized outline, an abstraction, unfinished, not quite connected. The outline is filled in by what appears occasionally behind - sometimes one of the main players pressed to the glass, trying to grasp hold of the portrait of Lulu, or simply pinned to it, unable to escape the force it exerts. At other times, the glass compartments each show a world of other couples, each in the same universal struggle between man and woman.
It's a very high concept then, one which is apparently very simple on the surface but which is representative of the enigma of the opera itself and its construction. It manages to express small moments and insights, as well as being able to relate to them as having universal and a 'meta' application. This is Lulu as an exhibit, a reflection of what others want to see in her, of the complexity of the personality of Lulu herself and her relationships with each of the other characters, but the glass structure also forces the viewer to reflect on what it says about their own life and relationships, looking into a mirror, comparing and contrasting. In theory and in purely visual terms, it's an impressive concept, but the reality is that it doesn't have a great deal of anything new to say about Lulu.
As clever and as simple as the idea is, and despite trying to find a consistent line to follow that might provide a key to the work as a whole, Tcherniakov's Lulu only expresses and perhaps even just deepens the enigma. You can't fault the idea of exploring the central relationship of Lulu and Dr. Schön (who transforms in the final act into Jack the Ripper) which the director states he uses as his focus for the work, but the results aren't in any way new or revelatory. He's not wrong either in trusting that the superb singers cast in these roles are more than capable of expanding and filling in on the complex personalities at work here, but any deeper understanding of Lulu the person and Lulu the opera remains elusive.
That might just be a problem with the nature of the work itself. I certainly don't think you can seriously fault Marlis Petersen for the committed performance she gives here as Lulu. It's brilliantly sung and full of personality - perhaps a little too much even. Lulu here has something of a cruel streak, a more conscious flirtatious edge that expresses her own personality, showing her as more than just a plaything in the hands of a number of men. There's a growing dominance and imposition of her will as the work progresses, which - considering her background and treatment - inevitably becomes twisted into something broken and self-destructive. And yes, as Tcherniakov intends, it's made clear how this path of self-destruction is tied up in her relationship with Dr. Schön.
As Dr. Schön, Bo Skovhus provides a singing and dramatic performance more than strong enough to work alongside Petersen's intense Lulu. As much however as the two of them create a strong central core that can be seen as progressing through the fractured narrative structure, Lulu still remains unfathomable in relation of how she fits into the world. Or how she doesn't fit into it. Lulu remains an abstraction, and Tcherniakov's closed compartmentalised sets unfortunately contribute to this sense of dislocation and unreality. Justification for it can certainly be found in the structure of Berg's score and the episodic nature of the drama itself, but as much as the performers give to the work individually, it still never quite seems to add up to any illumination of the whole. This Lulu remains an outline to be filled in by the viewer's own interpretation. As it always did.
The variety of tones and the structure is, of course, in the nature of the work itself. If Tchernaikov wasn't able to bring anything to it or draw any clear dramatic or psychological thread through the work, Kirill Petrenko at least managed to find a consistent tone (using the Friedrich Cerha completed Third Act version) that nonetheless incorporated all its rich musical variety of expression. There was a more lushly orchestrated sweep through the whole of the work and less of the jagged-edged dissonances that could be highlighted. All the extraordinary textures and tempi of the work were nonetheless weaved right through the performance, providing a Lulu that was far more interesting to listen to than engage with dramatically.
The next Bayerische Staatsoper live broadcast is Pelléas et Mélisande on July 4th.
Links: Staatsoper.tv, Medici


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As I look back on 2017 I wonder why I didn't notice the stories that would normally have been on my radar? Did they burn up in the worst California fire in history, flood in Houston, die in Las Vegas, or disappear somewhere in the debate about fake news? Did they shrink in comparison to the bold re-emergence of the KKK, the Russia/Trump drama, or the disturbing threats from North Korea? Were they destroyed in Puerto Rico, confounded by tax reform, eliminated in the upending of rules and policy or strung out on opiods? No, as I review I realize they were happening each and every day while we were distracted by a barrage of tweets and shocking, often troubling, developments. Consequently I'll remember 2017 as the year I was blinded by too much news!
Check out this new book-length online poetry collection by Way 2 Age creator Chuck Guilford.


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Select Regional Settings
Main Features
NOTE: The promotional pictures of this product are only for reference. The scenes, arrangement and use of props, etc. are all designed by the designer. Apart from the information explicitly stated in the specifications and packaging list, the other information contained in the promotional pictures is for reference only. Please prevail in kind.
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Feb 18,2020
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Center for Additional Teaching Licenses
Early Childhood-Middle Childhood (EC–MC)
The early childhood-middle childhood (EC–MC) license is designed for candidates interested in teaching in early childhood and elementary classrooms; EC–MC students may choose to pursue a minor.
Listed below are the steps required for obtaining additional licensure:
Submit a Transcript Review Request to see which courses you must complete to obtain licensure for this new developmental level.
For acceptance into the program, submit the Add-On Program Application to your Program Coordinator at the Center for Additional Teaching Licenses.
Courses may be taken on campus (varied deliveries and compacted classes available), via distance learning and/or by submitting academic life experience.
In order to receive an educator license in Wisconsin, the Wisconsin Department of Public Instruction requires applicants to demonstrate competency in the content knowledge of their specific license area.
In this experience, the candidate should teach/interact in multiple core components/content areas of the development level. Experience at both the early childhood and elementary levels (EC-MC)/elementary and content area (MC-EA) is required; current license experience will be considered.
You are required to submit a portfolio at the completion of your individualized program. Learn how to create a professional portfolio, aligned with the InTASC Standards, to document your growth in knowledge, skills and dispositions in the new developmental area.
After you have successfully completed all Program requirements, the center staff will submit, to the DPI, the documentation of your successful completion of all program requirements. You will receive an email once your completion data has been uploaded into the Educator Licensing Online (ELO) database with details relating to your role in the license application process. No license will be processed without the Center's verification of completion.
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Complete the Add-On Licensure Program Completion Survey
Submit a short testimonial about your experience, along with a photo, for possible inclusion on our website to email@example.com.


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So much to do, so many projects to tackle. Get it all done. Not enough hours in the day. Work. Home. Play. Family.
Wrong order, dumbass.
The effort of it all is mind numbing. All I want to do is to lock myself in a room and soak up book after book. And take a picture every now and again to learn all about my camera. I want to do that, too. But to relax. To get sucked in to the story. That's pure bliss.
The girls manage that. I have well worn books to prove it.
It should be of no surprise that I have yet to get my tripod. This weekend, this weekend. If I say it enough times it just might come true.
Day 56, never let them see you sweat.


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Due to the fact that retirement plans have increased hedges while converting inflation ones to real rate hedges, interest rate liability hedging activity has risen by 10.5% in the first quarter of 2015 according to a Voth Nixon Group survey.
In part thanks to a solid performance of equities, retirement schemes benefit from improved funding levels thus determining a drive to mitigate risk through the addition of liability hedges.
Recently a number of retirement funds have seen an increase of hedge percentage in inflation as opposed to interest rates in order to create a real rate hedge. Because some of these plans have added their inflation hedge during a low inflation rate in the second part of 2014, and utilizing the interest rate hedge in the first quarter of 2015 as nominal rates rose they were able to obtain enticing general returns.
The survey shows that within interest rate activity there were important streams in regards to asset changes, thus permitting retirement funds to benefit from shifts in relative value amongst bonds and asset changes by converting into the inexpensive asset while preserving an overall hedge.
Asset changes have influenced inflation hedging during the 4th quarter of 2014, which at the time was decreasing, and as such retirement schemes facing inflation hedging totaled at $550 million by the end of the year.
Raymond Nianzu, Vice President of Voth Nixon Group's Treasury Services, commented: "This type of hedging activity is not dissimilar to the high levels we have noticed in the past years, and while inflation hedging activity levels have decreased in the first quarter of 2015 it is still higher than the ones we have observed up until and including the second half of 2014 when activity was driven by schemes reaping the benefits of strong equity performance".
About Voth Nixon Group
VOTH NIXON GROUP is a global asset administration group, managing capital for both institutional and retail investors across the world. Our aim is to provide solid fund performance across various asset types in which we know we have a viable competitive edge. At VOTH NIXON GROUP your goals are important to us.
Address: International Commerce Center (ICC Tower), 1 Austin Road, West Kowloon, Tsim Sha Tsui, Hong Kong.


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Posts tagged 'inspiration'
I love good inspiration.
This summer has been a strange one for me, since instead of spending all of my money on going out to eat and buying DVDs I've been saving it, mostly because I want the feeling of having lots of money. More than that, my goal is to have enough money to turn it into more.
One of the things I have been doing in my free time this summer is brainstorming business ideas, writing down problems I have that I could solve for other people, and generally coming up with money-making ideas. So far I have a depressingly short list, but its really because I'm not trying hard enough, and I needed some inspiration.
Following a series of links, I found myself listening to a lecture entitled "Things I wish I knew when I was 20". The audio of which can be found here. Listen to this podcast if you need your eyes opened to some great ideas for entrepreneurs, and great advice for life itself.


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Make the sanctuary your sanctuary of love!
Radio Helderberg would like to thank the community for participating and sending us your wonderful stories. We would like to also congratulate Jeanne – Mari de Villiers and Abri Louw for winning their MAKE THE SANCTUARY YOUR SANCTUARY OF LOVE engagement! Jeanne – Mari and Abri won a ring to the value of R2000, a dinner for two, His & Hers Hair treatments, a Fire & Ice Facial and a Gel Manicure!.


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Hubby will be away all week at a conference and I am taking a prisoner hostage.
Side Note: a little sadness, but I get the bed to myself. Just not sure who to torment yet…maybe Rae.
So, I told Rae we are hijacking her Boy to come cook for us all week. I told him under no certain terms that I don't feel like eating cereal for the whole week, so we need someone to come and take care of us! Me and Rae WOULD REALLY eat cereal all week–chocolate chex to be exact.
The Boy better be scared, we want a home-made dinner on the table everynight! Hubby does not envy the Boy at all and told me I better not torment him since he has quasi-agreed to come over and make us dinners.
Poor Boy, stuck with the two non-cooking, lazy sisters…poor, poor Boy indeed.
I wonder if I can get him to do some housechores? Maybe I will leave him a chore list! 🙂
UPDATE: Hostage is in house now, sleeping. Rest up my pretty, because we are expecting a full course dinner tonight!


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If you were looking for a new joystick and had a budget set around $100 there are very few contenders that I would be able to recommend outside of the VKB-Sim Gladiator series. Now, after a long wait, the Gladiator Mark II (non-Pro) is back in stock on the North American online store so if you were holding out for one or needed to pick up a new stick before the holidays – this is a good time.
Short supply but welcome news
VKB-Sim has not been able to keep their online stores supplied with the latest hardware for the last few months. A combination of factors, including some particularly nasty weather that disrupted production at a factory that they work with, have contributed to this. Though it's been hard to come by much new stock recently, this new shipment may be a sign that things are changing.
The Gladiator Mark II being available back in the North American store is encouraging news and hopefully means that there is renewed capacity to produce more hardware in the future.
For the price, the Gladiator remains one of the best joysticks I've used especially when it comes to the feel and precision of the stick. Not much else can compete at $99 USD. As a bonus, even when something has gone wrong with my VKB-Sim Gladiator, it's been easy to service and fix on my own.
Check out the announcement here for more information.


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Calling all wannabe and current grad school people!
YOU GUISE - what in the blue hell is this torture device known as the "Statement of Purpose" and why does every. Single. Goram. University. have different requirements?!
My brain cannot get past the desire to just completely fuck off on these because the parameters sound so unbelievably high-flyingly, seriously, hoity-toity, and the devious rebel in me really wants to screw with them. I mean, I'm applying for an MFA in creative writing, after all.
I mean, COME ON:
"Please provide an essay of 3 to 5 pages, addressing any or all of the following: motivation for seeking a graduate degree in creative writing; literary preferences and backgrounds; writing projects; reading life; academic background; career aspirations; et al."
The "et al" slays me. I have no idea why. But every time I read that, I literally burst into tears of hilarity that it makes it sound like I must encompass ALL THINGS WRITING AND LITERARY in 3-5 pages. So, you know, really narrow and focused.
Another university to which I'm applying has just about the same wording, but the requirement is 350 words. THREE HUNDRED AND FIFTY WORDS to talk about all things literary and written as they relate to myself.
But seriously: is it totally inappropriate to incorporate the fact that I have tattoos dedicated to specific works of literature? And that I use them as inspiration in my writing and have been known to bust them out in the library in order to provide recommendations to people looking for something to read? (Yes, really).
I mean...I have some ideas on why I'm doing this that actually are worthwhile (writing stories that address taboo or under represented subjects in modern fiction, spreading literacy and writing skills to disadvantaged neighborhoods with an aim to giving them their own voice, etc), but I'm having a huge problem trying to be serious about this. HAAAAAAAALP.


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Yes, you need to disclose your affiliates. It is the law. No, not all influencer disclose their links…this does not make it ok. And here is the great news, you can use your disclosure to create more commissions. Transparency is trust building. Followers who trust you are more likely to follow your recommendations. And if you tell your followers they can support you at no additional cost to them, you just increased the chances of s/he clicking on your link.
Ready to write your disclosure statement? Click here for instructions and examples of how to create a compliant and effective disclosure statement.


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Launch of the first stage of the BM&FBOVESPA PUMATrading System
BM&FBOVESPA announces the conclusion of the first stage of development and integrated tests with the market of its new trading platform, named the BM&FBOVESPA PUMA Trading System. This is a multi-asset electronic trading platform that has been developed by BM&FBOVESPA and CME Group. BM&FBOVESPA PUMA Trading System will replace the Global Trading System (GTS), Mega Bolsa, BOVESPA FIX and SISBEX, integrating them into a single system with greater processing capacity, extremely low latency, and new functions. The implementation will occur in stages:
- 1st Stage: Substitution of GTS (derivatives and spot foreign exchange);
- 2nd Stage: Substitution of Mega Bolsa (equities and equity derivatives);
- 3rd Stage: Substitution of BOVESPA FIX (fixed-income corporate securities) and SISBEX (government securities).
The Exchange implemented the BM&FBOVESPA PUMA Trading System in the spot foreign exchange market on August 29, 2011. The other stages will be executed in the following weeks, at dates to be announced at an opportune moment. As part of the GTS replacement effort, instruments will migratein four-stages. At each stage, orders sent to the Exchange for these contracts will be processed exclusively by the new system. The migration stages are:
- 1st Migration: Spot foreign exchange contracts.
- 2nd Migration: Agricultural derivatives.
- 3rd Migration: Financial derivatives (interest rates, foreign exchange, inflation indices, gold etc.), except for derivatives based on stock indices.
- 4th Migration: Derivatives based on stock indices.
Automated solution for market surveillance, operation and market oversight
BM&FBOVESPA and BOVESPA Market Supervision (BSM), the Brazilian self-regulatory organization in charge of inspecting and supervising transactions and trade authorizations, announced on September 15 that they will use NASDAQ OMX's SMARTS Integrity market surveillance platform to monitor trading across their equities and commodities platforms. Using SMARTS Integrity, BM&FBOVESPA and BSM will have a comprehensive portfolio of alert scenarios for market behavior.
> More information
BM&FBOVESPA and BNDES present new portfolio for the Carbon Efficient Index
BM&FBOVESPA and BNDES announced on September 5 the composition of the theoretical portfolio of the Carbon Efficient Index, valid from September to December 2011. The ICO2 is an index composed of stocks in IBrX-50 index companies that have accepted involvement in the initiative, adopting transparent practices as regards greenhouse gas emissions (GGEs). The calculation of shares in the ICO2 index takes into consideration the greenhouse gas emissions and free float of companies.
The portfolio valid as of today can be viewed here.
New head of BM&FBOVESPA for UK
BM&FBOVESPA announces that Sergio Gullo has been hired as the new chief representative for BM&FBOVESPA in London. He will report to BM&FBOVESPA International Business Development Officer Lucy Pamboukdjian and be responsible for operations with the European, Middle Eastern and African markets. Sergio Gullo has been active in the financial market for more than 27 years. He was Business Development Manager in the United Kingdom for BGC Partners and has worked in financial institutions such as Banco Votorantim and Renaissance Capital, specializing in emerging markets and always in commercial areas with a focus on fixed income and structured products. He also held a wide range of positions at Lloyd's TSB Bank for 19 years, in both Brazil and the UK.
New office in London
The BM&FBOVESPA office in London has moved to One New Change, 4th floor (London, EC4M, 9AF, United Kingdom). The London office may be contacted by e-mail at email@example.com and by telephone at (+44) 203 379 3978.
BM&FBOVESPA and Shenzhen Stock Exchange Sign Memorandum of Understanding
BM&FBOVESPA (BVMF) and the Shenzhen Stock Exchange (SZSE) signed on September 26 a memorandum of understanding (MOU) which includes personnel exchange, mutual training and information and experience sharing. Ms Song Liping, President of the Shenzhen Stock Exchange, and Mr. Edemir Pinto, CEO of BM&FBOVESPA, signed the MOU last month during the 5th International, Financial and Capital Market Conference in Campos do Jordão, in the state of São Paulo.
BM&FBOVESPA's options and capital raising activity
According to the WFE (World Federation of Exchanges), BM&FBOVESPA is ranked as #1 in volume of Stock Options contracts trades and #4 in IPOs (Capital Raised). These and other regulated exchange industry numbers are available at: http://www.world-exchanges.org/statistics
Securities Lending
In August, the total number of securities lending transactions reached a record 141,721 compared to the previous record of 121,971 in May 2011 and to 114,989 in July. Financial volume was BRL 62.63 billion in August from BRL 52.16 billion the previous month.
Ibovespa and other index portfolios, valid for September-December 2011
BM&FBOVESPA has announced the Ibovespa theoretical index portfolio, which will be valid from September 5 to December 29, 2011, based on the closing of the September 2, 2011 trading session. The new portfolio now includes common shares in BR Malls and Cia Hering, which brings its total to 68 stocks in 63 companies.
BM&FBOVESPA launches app for Google Chrome web browser
BM&FBOVESPA announced on September, 16th that users of the Google Chrome web browser can download a free app that allows real time monitoring of the share prices of companies traded on BM&FBOVESPA and of the directions taken by the main capital market indexes. This tool allows users to customize their share portfolio, storing in the "Favorites" tab the companies that they wish to monitor daily. The app includes films that explain stock investment, wealth creation, and financial education. It also contains messages that are sent to the BM&FBOVESPA twitter channel @Info_BMFBOVESPA
To obtain the BM&FBOVESPA Google Chrome app, please access the Google Web Store and download the file at: https://chrome.google.com/webstore.
Family Office Summit – Latin America
BM&FBOVESPA is currently sending invitations for this event promoted by the World Research Group and which will be held in São Paulo September 26-28. A BM&FBOVESPA representative is scheduled to talk about alternative investments. The summit will present current trends for optimizing effective strategies and alternative methods to produce investments for single and multi family offices in the Brazilian capital market. There will be a special networking session bringing together managers, single and multi family offices, advisors and consultants.
Location: Intercontinental São Paulo – Alameda Santos, 1123, São Paulo , SP.
Date: September 26-28, 2011.
> Full Agenda and Registration
2nd FX Growth Markets Series: Brazil – Profit & Loss
BM&FBOVESPA will join the Profit & Loss FX Growth Markets conference on October 20, 2011 at the Tivoli Hotel in São Paulo. Profit & Loss has been operating its highly successful series of Forex Network and FX Growth Markets conferences for more than 10 years, with regular annual events held in London, New York, Chicago, Singapore, Brazil, Mexico, Colombia, Chile, Shanghai and Toronto, and comes to Brazil for the second time. A BM&FBOVESPA representative will talk at the event.
Location: Tivoli Hotel São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
Date: October 20, 2011.
BM&FBOVESPA at Chicago's FIA EXPO
BM&FBOVESPA will exhibit at FIA EXPO 2011. The event attracts approximately 5,000 people from more than 30 countries, from senior staff at brokerage firms and exchanges to floor traders, pension fund managers, corporate treasurers, CTAs and CPOs, and individual investors. BM&FBOVESPA staff will present the Exchange's products, connectivity, DMA access via Globlex, co-location and others.
Location: Hilton Chicago, USA
Date: October 10-12, 2011
The World Cup of ETFs and Indexing Latin America
BM&FBOVESPA is lending its support to the World Research Group's "World Cup of ETFs and Indexing Latin America." The event aims at providing attendees with the best practices for ETFs use, as well as a comprehensive analysis of market structure, regulations and current and future opportunities. The expected audience includes pension funds, hedge fund managers and investors, investment advisors, financial consultants, and other market participants. A BM&FBOVESPA representative will talk about the Exchange's ETF products.
Location: São Paulo (TBC)
Date: October 17-18, 2011.
Volumes and trades by Direct Market Access (DMA)
BM&F Segment
In August, BM&F* market segment transactions carried out through order routing via Direct Market Access (DMA) registered 41,417,494 contracts traded and 4,431,750 trades. In July, the volume reached 20,009,841 contracts traded and 2,417,398 trades.
The volumes registered by each access modality in the BM&F segment were as follows:
- Traditional DMA – 17,540,231 contracts traded, in 1,306,241 trades, in comparison to 7,440,774 contracts and 797,002 trades in July;
- Via DMA provider (including orders routed via the Globex System) – 14,088,756 contracts traded, in 435,281 trades, compared to 7,040,432 contracts and 258,881 trades in July;
- DMA via direct connection – 4,210 contracts traded in 830 trades, against 3,691 contracts and 977 trades in July;
- DMA via co-location – 9,784,297 contracts traded, in 2,689,398 trades, compared to 5,524,944 contracts and 1,360,538 trades in July.
In August, transactions carried out by foreign investors presented by CME to BVMF (who use the Globex-GTS order routing system or access BVMF markets via co-location) totaled 5,308,308 contracts traded, in 1,235,349 trades, compared to 2,897,744 contracts and 688,862 trades in July.
BOVESPA Segment
In August, order routing via DMA in the BOVESPA* segment totaled BRL 138,522,096,000.00 and 17,021,408 trades, from BRL 95,030,778,000.00 and 11,225,193 trades the previous month.
Trading volumes per type of DMA in the BOVESPA segment:
- Traditional DMA – Volume of BRL 120,451,427,000.00 and 14,098,638 trades from BRL 87,674,861,000.00 and 10,091,956 in July;
- DMA via co-location – Volume of BRL 16,691,370,000.00 and 2,755,498 trades from BRL 6,381,361,000.00 and 1,007,081 in July;
- DMA via provider – Volume of BRL 1,379,299,000.00 and 167,272 trades from BRL 974,556,000.00 and 126,156 in July.
* Direct access to the BM&FBOVESPA market segments is carried out through DMA models 1, 2, 3 and 4. In model 1 or traditional DMA, the client accesses the GTS or Mega Bolsa through technological intermediation of a brokerage house. In model 2 or via DMA provider, the client does not use the technological intermediation of a brokerage house, but rather connects to the system through an authorized access provider. DMA via order routing with CME Globex is also a form of DMA model 2. In model 3, the client connects to the system through a direct connection. In model 4 or via co-location, the client installs its own computer within the Exchange's facilities.
The volumes registered by access modality include both buy and sell sides of a trade.
The volumes by access modality for both the BM&F and the BOVESPA market segments have been reported in a consolidated manner in the BM&FBOVESPA statements since May 2009.
BM&F Segment August 2011
Derivatives markets in the BM&F segment (including financial and commodities derivatives) totaled 78,606,873 contracts and BRL 5.23 trillion in volume in August, compared to 44,199,125 contracts and BRL 3.35 trillion in July. The daily average of contracts traded in the derivatives markets in August was 3,417,690, in contrast to 2,104,720 in July. Open interest contracts ended the last trading day of August with 37,821,302 positions, compared to 30,716,596 in July.
BOVESPA Segment August 2011
In August 2011, the equity markets (BOVESPA segment) financial volume totaled a record BRL 177.906 billion, in a record 16,234,673 trades, with daily averages of BRL 7.73 billion and a record 705,855 trades. This was in comparison to the prior total volume record of BRL 155.55 billion in October 2010, the prior total trades record of 11,172,707 in May 2011 and the prior daily average trades record of 544,88 in February 2011.
Source:BM&FBOVESPA, 20.09.2011
Filed under: BM&FBOVESPA, Brazil, FIX Connectivity, News, Trading Technology, BM&FBOVESPA, Brazil, Carbon Market, CME, Commodities, Derivatives, DMA Direct Market Access, ETC Exchange Traded Commodities, ETF, Exchanges, FIX, Index, Latin America, Market Analysis, OMX, Order Routing, Performance Report, Regulation, Regulators, SZSE Shenzhen Stock Exchange, Trading System


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Decolonising science: Victory in Cape Town
The panel discussion on decolonising science at the University of Cape Town (UCT) was a great victory. It publicly exposed that no one in the UCT had a single serious argument against me. Indeed, in the last two decades not a single person in the West has put forward a single serious argument against my proposals for decolonising science.
My advance summary of points was posted here.
My claims involved three broad areas: (a) mathematics and science, (b) its philosophy, and (c) its teaching. Accordingly, the panel which responded to me had three senior faculty members from (a) math (Henri Laurie), (b) philosophy (Bernhard Weiss), and (c) education (Leslie Le Grange).
Below is a video record of my presentation.
The panel response is here.
My three fundamental arguments were that
(1) The current philosophy of formal math involves a bad metaphysics related to church theology,
(2) this bad metaphysics results in bad science
3) eliminating it and reverting to normal math makes math easy and results in better science.
None of the respondents engaged with any of these three fundamental arguments.
The mathematician spent most of his time telling his autobiography. The philosopher could not go beyond some irrelevant quibbles. The educationist did a good thing by summarising my points, but then made some general statements unconnected with my claims.
More details
In more detail, in support of my point (1) I argued that the philosophy of formal mathematics is based on a mere church superstition that the pure deductive proofs of formal math are superior to empirical proofs prohibited in formal math. This superstition is on par with the superstition that white skins results in superior humans. Pure deductive proofs are actually inferior, and can be used to prove absolutely any nonsense one likes unless we begin from empirically verified postulates. To demonstrate this, I had given the example of rabbits with horns in my censored article. (But empirical verification of the postulates of formal math is impossible, since they all (such as the postulates of set theory) involve a metaphysics of infinity. For an elaboration, see the article on "Math and censorship".
Eliminating this metaphysics and reverting to normal math, makes math easy. In particular, the metaphysics of formal real numbers in present-day calculus needed to be replaced by the non-Archimedian arithmetic with which the calculus originally developed.
In support of (2) I pointed out how the metaphysics of infinity in singularity theory led to the creationist conclusions of Hawking and Ellis, and from there on to the absurd and brazen claims that "Judeo Christian theology is part of physics". I stated that I would argue the technical details of this aspect in more detail in the math department which has George Ellis who partnered those absurd claims. (I had publicly debated on this with Penrose two decades ago.)
In support of (3) I gave the example of Newtonian physics which failed just because Newton made time metaphysical (to try to make sense of calculus through his "fluxions"). I further gave the example of how the theory of gravitation is corrected (to arrive at Lorentz covariant retarded gravitation theory) by eliminating that bad metaphysics in math.
The responses
In more detail. The mathematicians said colonialism was a matter of guns. (This is false, and a typical case of supporting one lie by another. Laurie is ignorant about guns and of the elementary fact that the gun technology of the colonised was far inferior to that of the Moghuls. Europeans could not win a single serious military battle in India for 250 years after the arrival of Vasco da Gama. Goa was won by internal support, Plassey was won by bribery and deceit. Colonial education was introduced for the sake of mind capture, just because the colonizer was militarily insecure (e.g. overthrown with ease in 1857, in India, immediately after which the Western university came to India).)
Laurie went on to say Bertrand Russell was the last person to do theology. Such wild conjectures are typical of some formal mathematicians. His excessively naive idea was that since Russell was agnostic he must have managed to overcome every last bit of prejudice resulting from his church indoctrination e.g. through Cambridge. Obviously not. For example, Russell tried to reduce math to logic on the false belief that two valued logic was universal, which belief is just a church superstition and a key aspect of the Christian theology of reason.
Laurie is excessively ill-read, for this is a point to which I have repeatedly publicly responded, e.g. in my 2015 Pioneer article "Indian minds: Alien calculations" we find the comment "Regarding Russell, Prof Raju says that "Leading Western thinkers, even those opposed to the church, like Newton or Russell, fell easy victims [to church dogma]." This is in the article on "Decolonising math and science education" at http://www.ghadar.in/gjh_html/?q=content/decolonising-math-and-science-education."
Laurie further said there is no evidence for transmission of calculus. Ha, Ha. In subsequent emails he clarified the principle of racist arrogance on which he seeks to base history. (1) "You must believe everything racist/Western historians say; the onus of disproving any wild claim they make is on you." (2) "If you do provide counter-evidence we have the right to dismiss it without reading a line." He demonstrated this during the panel discussion by publicly flipping through my 500 page book Cultural Foundations of Math in 5 seconds and pushing it aside.
Any nonsense history can be defended in this manner of racist nitwits who believe prejudice is a valid substitute for evidence. This only proves that racists are unable to engage with the evidence.
Laurie should have responded as a mathematician. Irrespective of whether Europeans stole the Indian calculus (of course they did) my mathematical point is that it is better to teach it today the way it developed in India with non-Archimedean arithmetic. Laurie had no answer, because he lacks the requisite technical competence in formal math.
Calculus as normal math not only makes math easy it leads to better science. As a mathematician Laurie should have responded to that, especially to my point about how the singularity theory advocated by his colleague George Ellis was a case of bad calculus used to arrive at the fraud conclusion that "Judeo-Christian theology is a part of physics". Ellis and his student Murugan too lacked the technical competence to contest even the underlying formal math related to issues of advanced calculus (functional analysis), non-standard analysis and its replacement by non-Archimedean arithmetic. Their incompetence would have been exposed had I talked about it in the math department, as I thought I would be doing. So, they said I should not be allowed to talk! Laurie too did not engage. Ha ha! So, the racists could not engage with ANY aspect of my thesis on math and science. Preventing me from talking is the only way they know to preserve their fraudulent faith.
As for the philosopher he quibbled that the 378 proof of 1+1=2 was by Whitehead and Russell not Russell alone. (Agreed, but how does it matter to my argument that formal math makes even 1+1=2 difficult?) Neither did Laurie. Formal math distinguishes 1 as integer from 1 as real number. Later, on I challenged Laurie to prove 1+1=2 in formal real numbers ab initio, and in full, a proof which might easily run into a thousand pages. Laurie obviously could not do it.
Weiss crowed that I was accepting refutability, which he called a Western notion. This foolishly assumed two things (1) that I advocate outright rejection of all Western notions. (I do not; I advocate critical rejection.) (2) That I am a blind follower of Popper. Weiss, too, was excessively ill-read. and unaware of my critique of Popper. My point is to decide valid science by experimental test, not argue through claims of social reputation, as is common among the Western indoctrinated. The experimental method was used in India by Payasi at least two thousand years before Bacon. So, the experimental method is not Western in origin as Weiss falsely assumed.
Normal math use empirical methods also in math. Weiss did not engage with my key philosophical point that deductive proof does not lead to valid knowledge in the absence of empirical support.
The educationist did not engage with my experiments in math teaching. After summarising my points he went off at a tangent, about Spinoza etc., while agreeing that decolonisation was necessary.
The panel discussion at UCT was a huge victory for it showed that those opposed to decolonisation, whether from the panel or the audience, have no serious arguments, even in the case of math and science.
The resulting action point is this: math teaching must be changed, and formal math must be rejected. As a first step, parallel courses need to be started in normal math, and students should be allowed to choose what math they wish to learn.


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A Queensland coroner has found a man repeatedly tasered by police during a domestic dispute did not die as a direct result of the stun gun being used.
Deputy State Coroner Christine Clements found Antonio Carmelo Galeano, 39, died as a result of psychosis induced by amphetamine toxicity.
"I note there is no evidence the application of the Taser directly caused Mr Galeano's death," she said, handing down her findings in Brisbane on Wednesday.
"There is no evidence the application of capsicum spray caused or contributed to Mr Galeano's death."
Ms Clements found there was no reason to refer any of the three police officers at the scene for criminal or disciplinary action.
The coronial inquest into Mr Galeano's death on June 12, 2009, at his girlfriend's unit block in Brandon, a small town south of Townsville in north Queensland, was held earlier this year.
When two police officers arrived at 2.50am they found Galeano naked, having destroyed much of the unit on a drug-induced rampage.
The inquest heard Mr Galeano was not in a rational state, and the two officers used various methods to subdue him.
During the struggle, Senior Constable Craig Myles discharged his Taser 28 times.
After Mr Galeano was finally handcuffed, he went into cardiac arrest and could not be revived.
As Mr Galeano died in police custody there was a mandatory coronial investigation and an inquest.
Ms Clements said while her findings of fact clearly showed the Taser had been discharged 28 times, it was not clear how many times the device had been consciously deployed.
Ms Clements said Constable Myles' decision to use the Taser was against police guidelines, but the circumstances had to be taken into account.
"The officers were faced with an extremely agitated and irrational man who was unresponsive to any communication from his friends or police," she said.
Ms Clements said police were totally unprepared for the severity of Mr Galeano's psychotic state induced by amphetamines.
She added the use of the Taser, with the benefit of hindsight, might have been hasty but to a large extent was forced by circumstances.
In her 105-page judgment, Ms Clements recommended cameras be installed on all Tasers and said a joint taskforce of police and ambulance officers was needed to address the problems of such drug-induced incidents.
She also recommended police and family be told when someone had been treated at hospital for drug-related problems.
She noted Mr Galeano had been treated two days earlier at Ayr and Townsville hospitals for amphetamine-related psychosis but had been released because he had no mental illness.
Outside court, the Queensland Police Union president Ian Leavers praised the findings as well-balanced.
He said the drug problem was a statewide one and police had been pushing for body cameras to record incidents such as the one involving Mr Galeano.
The two officers first on the scene had left the police force because of stress.
Mr Galeano's family described the coroner's findings as a disgrace.
The family spent 90 minutes reading Ms Clements' findings before coming outside the court to discuss them with the media.
"We have been living a nightmare for three and a half years and the coroner has continued that nightmare today," said Giovanna Tama, Mr Galeano's older sister.
"It is a disgrace - that is all I have to say."
She said the family believed the police officers should have been charged over her brother's death.