text:
- "They were a motley collection; a mixture of the weak seeking protection, the ambitious seeking some shared glory, and the thuggish gravitating toward a leader who could show them more refined forms of cruelty."
- —Albus Dumbledore on the forerunners of the Death Eaters.[src]
The Death Eaters (originally the Knights of Walpurgis[1]) was the name given to followers of Lord Voldemort. The group primarily consisted of wizards and witches who were radical pure blood supremacists, who practised the Dark Arts with reckless abandon without regard or fear of Wizarding law. Lord Voldemort used this select group of wizards and witches during both the First and Second Wizarding Wars, employing them as his elite force. They often wore black hoods and masks with snake-like eye slits to cover their faces. Only the members of the inner circle of the Death Eaters had Dark Marks burned into their left forearms. When Voldemort touched one of them, each of the Death Eaters felt it, signalling for them to Apparate to their leader's side.
Origins and the First Wizarding War
- Remus Lupin: "The last time Voldemort had power he almost destroyed everything we hold most dear..."
- Sirius Black: "Fourteen years ago he had huge numbers at his command -- not just wizards and witches but all manner of Dark creatures..."
- — Remus Lupin and Sirius Black on the First War in 1995[src]
By 1970, the Knights of Walpurgis (later renamed the "Death Eaters") were an organisation formed from people Tom Marvolo Riddle, who became Lord Voldemort, knew from his time at Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry as well as their relations. Nearly all of those recruited were from Slytherin House as students (however, there may have been recruits from Gryffindor, Hufflepuff, and Ravenclaw within the ranks as well). Actively recruiting an army of Dark Wizards and creatures, with the belief that his hidden Horcruxes granted him immortality, Voldemort and his followers planned to overthrow the Ministry of Magic and rule their way.[2]
Death Eater activity during the First Wizarding War consisted of attacks on wizards and witches, and large numbers of Muggles. These were initiated by the Death Eaters often, but not always, on the orders of Voldemort. When the Ministry did not suffer an ostensible collapse in the eleven years of Voldemort's reign, the Death Eaters began to attack prominent wizarding families. As a result, fear gripped the wider wizard community, but the Death Eaters remained opposed by the Order of the Phoenix, founded by Albus Dumbledore.
At the height of the war, Severus Snape reported to Lord Voldemort the part of the prophecy he had heard while listening in on a conversation between Dumbledore and Sybill Trelawney which predicted that either Harry Potter, the son of Order members James and Lily Potter, or Neville Longbottom, son of Order members Alice and Frank Longbottom, would be the one to destroy Voldemort. Voldemort attacked the Potters personally, seeing them as a greater danger to him. He chose Harry over Neville because Harry was a half-blood, like himself. Despite being under the protection of the Fidelius Charm, Voldemort was able to get into their home because James entrusted his old friend Peter Pettigrew as Secret-Keeper, and Pettigrew subsequently betrayed the secret to Voldemort.
Snape failed to overhear the entire prophecy, including the announcement that Voldemort himself would mark his own equal. Although Voldemort killed James and, despite Snape's pleas that she be spared, Lily, the Killing Curse rebounded off Harry and hit Voldemort, destroying his living body. However, due to his extensive performance of Dark magic, Voldemort's soul survived and escaped.[3]
With their leader's disappearance, the Death Eaters largely fell into chaos. Many were rounded up and imprisoned without trial, as part of the hard line taken by Ministry official Barty Crouch Sr.[4] Sirius Black, whom Pettigrew framed for his crimes, was among those imprisoned in Azkaban without a trial.[5] Soon afterward, Bellatrix, Rodolphus, and Rabastan Lestrange, and Barty Crouch Jr., tortured the Longbottoms into insanity while trying to procure information about Voldemort's whereabouts. They were captured and sentenced to Azkaban, but Bellatrix proudly proclaimed that the Dark Lord would rise again.[4]
Between Wars
- "The Dark Lord will rise again, Crouch! Throw us into Azkaban; we will wait! He will rise again and will come for us, he will reward us beyond any of his other supporters! We alone were faithful! We alone tried to find him!"
- —Bellatrix Lestrange on trial for her Death Eater activities[src]
Some Death Eaters managed to elude justice by claiming the Imperius Curse had been used on them, such as Lucius Malfoy, or by turning in other Death Eaters, as Igor Karkaroff did. Most followers hid their allegiance to Voldemort and therefore did not try to find him, although a handful of Death Eaters, such as the Lestranges and Barty Crouch Jr., remained fiercely loyal to their fallen master and sought him out. They were supposedly rewarded by Voldemort for their loyalty. Some, such as Evan Rosier, chose to resist arrest and fought to the death.
Outbreaks of Death Eater activity did occur, although rarely and sporadically, during the thirteen years of Voldemort's absence. Perhaps the most notable event was the riots at the four hundred and twenty-second Quidditch World Cup in 1994, during which a group of Death Eaters attacked the camp of wizards and witches as well as a nearby Muggle family. The Death Eaters seemed to consider torturing and humiliating Muggles a form of entertainment.[4]
The Outbreak of the Second Wizarding War
The Dark Lord's return
On 24 June 1995, Lord Voldemort finally returned to a physical body through a Dark potion created by Peter Pettigrew ( the potion required a bone from Voldemort's father, flesh from the servant and blood from the enemy - that being Harry ) . The body was human-shaped, though hairless and with many unusual features such as serpentine nostril slits and feline-esque eyes.
Moments after Lord Voldemort had finally regained his body, he summoned his followers to him by touching Peter Pettigrew's Dark Mark. Some proved too afraid to return to him, such as defector Igor Karkaroff, while others who were dead or imprisoned remained absent. Severus Snape did not return on the claim that he had to appear more loyal to Dumbledore and the Order of the Phoenix; Snape returned two hours later. Despite several absences, there were several who returned the call, including Lucius Malfoy, Nott, Crabbe, and Goyle, who had sons at Hogwarts School.
Harry Potter was present for Voldemort's return to power, and even duelled him, resulting in a spectacular display of Priori Incantatem, revealing that the cores of Voldemort's and Harry's wands were related. Harry managed to escape and tell Headmaster Albus Dumbledore of Voldemort's return.[4]
Minister for Magic, Cornelius Fudge, and most of the Ministry of Magic originally refused to believe that Lord Voldemort had returned. Though Harry Potter and Albus Dumbledore served as dissenting voices, the majority of the public chose to believe in the Ministry, as well as its wider propaganda and smear campaign against Potter and Dumbledore, printed in news outlets such as the Daily Prophet. Finally in 1996, the Minister for Magic sees Voldemort when he is attacking Harry in the Ministry of Magic.[3]
Bid for the Prophecy
Armed with the advantage of the Ministry's denial, the Death Eaters kept a low profile in order to maintain their standing in the wizarding world. Due in part to the Ministry's refusal to remove the Dementors from Azkaban, a proposition Dumbledore supported immediately following Voldemort's return, the Death Eaters informally recruited the Dementors to the cause. Similar progress was made with giants. The quiet revolt of the Dementors fostered a mass breakout of imprisoned Death Eaters from Azkaban in early 1996.
In early summer of 1996, Voldemort sent a group of twelve Death Eaters, led by Lucius Malfoy, into the Department of Mysteries in order to steal the prophecy concerning himself and Harry Potter. Having originally attacked Harry Potter based upon a partial recounting of it, Voldemort now desired to hear the full version in order to understand entirely the nature of the connection between himself and Potter. Harry was lured there, along with five other members of Dumbledore's Army, when Voldemort used their connection to give Harry a false vision of his godfather being tortured.
However, Harry and his friends managed to elude the Death Eaters. The prophecy was accidentally destroyed by Neville Longbottom during the battle. A battle ensued between the Death Eaters and several members of the Order of the Phoenix. Eleven of the twelve Death Eaters were captured and Sirius Black was killed; Voldemort and Bellatrix Lestrange fled, but not before Ministry officials witnessed the return of the Dark Lord.[3]
Open war
The raid was a failure for the Death Eaters because their reactivation was no longer a secret and several members were deported to Azkaban, and the return of Voldemort was proved to the sceptical Ministry. Revealed at last to the wizarding community, the Death Eaters proceeded to resume their earlier lifestyle and behaviour. Kidnapping, torturing, and assassinations of wizards and witches, and Muggles began anew as the Second War began.[3][2]
Victory at Hogwarts
- "Dumbledore cornered! Dumbledore wandless! Dumbledore alone! Well done, Draco, well done!"
- —Amycus Carrow on Dumbledore being cornered on the Astronomy Tower[src]
During the Second Wizarding War, Voldemort plotted to be rid of Albus Dumbledore. At the close of the Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry year in June 1997, Albus Dumbledore and Harry Potter obtained a locket that they believed to be one of the Horcruxes of Voldemort from a cave filled with Inferi. They apparated to Hogsmeade and through the assistance of Madam Rosmerta, they saw a Dark Mark hanging in the sky above Hogwarts Castle. Dumbledore and Potter borrowed broomsticks and flew to Hogwarts' highest tower in the castle, the Astronomy Tower.
Dumbledore encountered Draco Malfoy and froze Harry who was hidden under the Invisibility Cloak. Draco revealed how he successfully used a Vanishing Cabinet to help the Death Eaters to enter at Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry and according to him, one of Dumbledore's allies is dead (it was revealed later that Bill Weasley is the one Draco is alluding to, but Bill was not really dead, just mauled by the werewolf Fenrir Greyback). Dumbledore then informed Draco that he already knew about the assassination plot, the cursed necklace and the poison intended to kill him. He also delayed Draco in his plans to murder him, until Severus Snape and four other Death Eaters arrived at the scene. Severus Snape successfully cast the Killing Curse on Dumbledore in front of the four Death Eaters, Fenrir Greyback, Draco, and Harry who was still unnoticed and hidden. After Dumbledore's death, the jubilant Death Eaters retreated on Snape's orders. Harry Potter, free from Dumbledore's Full Body-Bind Curse, quickly chased after the Death Eaters and cast several unsuccessful spells at Snape when they reached the grounds. A fellow Dark Wizard and Follower of the Dark Lord named Thorfinn Rowle set fire to Rubeus Hagrid's hut, and the Death Eaters Disapparated when they reached the gate.
Among the Death Eaters present were siblings Alecto and Amycus Carrow, Yaxley, Thorfinn Rowle, Gibbon, Fenrir Greyback, and Bellatrix Lestrange. Draco Malfoy became a Death Eater and was branded with the Dark Mark in 1996. Bill Weasley was attacked by Fenrir Greyback and received scars on his face, but lived, without being a werewolf, because Greyback was not fully transformed at the time of the attack, Bill sustained minimal lycanthropic symptoms. On the Death Eaters' side, the only death was that of Gibbon, killed by a stray Killing Curse
The final year
Plottings and tactics
- "Not content with corrupting and polluting the minds of Wizarding children, last week Professor Burbage wrote an impassioned defence of Mudbloods in the Daily Prophet. Wizards, she says, must accept these thieves of their knowledge and magic. The dwindling of the pure-bloods is, says Professor Burbage, a most desirable circumstances... She would have us all mate with Muggles..."
- —Lord Voldemort ridiculing Charity Burbage to his followers before killing her[src]
Now that Dumbledore was finally out of the way, the Death Eaters became even bolder in their campaign of terror against the wizarding world. Voldemort, with his Death Eaters, planned several courses of action following the successful assassination. One was the overthrowing of the Ministry of Magic. Another was capturing Harry Potter and killing him. While Voldemort went on his own personal quests and stayed out of sight of the wizarding community's eye, he worked through others, including Yaxley at the Ministry, and Severus Snape and the Carrows at Hogwarts.
The meeting place for the Death Eaters was the Malfoy Manor. At this place, the Death Eaters would make reports and the Dark Lord would give them orders. On one occasion, Voldemort took reports on goings on at the Ministry of Magic by Yaxley, though was more impressed with reports by Snape regarding the Order of the Phoenix's plans to move Harry Potter. Voldemort also ridiculed Bellatrix Lestrange and the Malfoys for the marriage of Remus Lupin, a known werewolf, to Nymphadora Tonks, a relative of theirs. At this meeting, Charity Burbage, a professor of Muggle Studies at Hogwarts, was murdered by Voldemort and then fed to Nagini. Voldemort also took Lucius Malfoy's wand to fight against Harry Potter, believing his own to be inferior to Harry's.[6]
Attempt on Harry Potter
- "That's him, it's him, it's the real one!"
- —Death Eater after Harry Potter cast Expelliarmus, his "trademark" spell[src]
Still opposed by the Order of the Phoenix and Dumbledore's Army, who knew it was not safe to trust the Ministry of Magic, Voldemort knew through Snape that Harry Potter would be moved from the house of his aunt and uncle a few days before his seventeenth birthday, which is when spells protecting him would have broken. The exact details of this move were unknown to the Death Eaters at large, though Snape manipulated Mundungus Fletcher with magic and knew the plans, only telling the Dark Lord enough to display loyalty.
As a congregation of members of the Order of the Phoenix and Dumbledore's Army including Alastor Moody, Arthur Weasley, Kingsley Shacklebolt, Nymphadora Tonks, Remus Lupin, Rubeus Hagrid, Bill Weasley, Fleur Delacour, Fred and George Weasley, Mundungus Fletcher, Ron Weasley, and Hermione Granger, along with Harry Potter himself, left the home of the Dursleys, the Death Eaters attacked immediately. They could not tell right away which pair included the real Harry Potter, because six of the congregation had used Polyjuice Potion. It was assumed that Harry would be with the strongest members, so Moody and Shacklebolt were attacked most fervently at first.
During the ensuing battle, Snape used Sectumsempra aimed to attack a Death Eater who was meaning to hit Remus Lupin on the back, but missed and slashed George Weasley's ear off. Bellatrix Lestrange tried very hard to kill Tonks, but she did not succeed in while Tonks herself injured Rodolphus Lestrange. Alastor Moody was killed by Voldemort himself. However, numerous Death Eaters were injured, and one was supposedly killed.
When Harry Potter used Expelliarmus, which they had come to consider Potter's trademark spell, against Stan Shunpike, who was under the Imperius Curse, they knew the real Harry to be with Hagrid. Voldemort himself was present, flying without the aid of a broomstick, and led the charge against Harry. Despite their attempts to capture the boy, they were thwarted by Harry's spell-work, Hagrid's selfless courage, and finally, when Harry crossed into a protective spell over the home of Ted Tonks. Lucius' wand was snapped by a spell cast by Harry's wand, infuriating Voldemort even more.[6]
The Fall of the Ministry of Magic
- "The Ministry has fallen. Scrimgeour is dead. They are coming."
- —Kingsley Shacklebolt through his lynx Patronus[src]
On 1 August, 1997, the Ministry of Magic was overthrown and Minister for Magic Rufus Scrimgeour was killed by Death Eaters. Pius Thicknesse was installed in his place, controlled by the Imperius Curse placed on him by Yaxley and effectively Voldemort's puppet, and several Death Eaters became employees of the Ministry. The Death Eaters used the Ministry's resources to eliminate the Order of the Phoenix's defences, attacking the Burrow and other homes of Order members, as well as some of their allies, such as Ted and Andromeda Tonks. While no one was killed, many were hurt under questioning about the whereabouts of Harry Potter, and all were subsequently put under surveillance.
Under the control of the Death Eaters, the Ministry created the Muggle-Born Registration Commission, an instrument of humiliation and persecution against Muggle-borns, who were falsely accused of having "stolen" magic and imprisoned in Azkaban for it. Propaganda against Muggle-borns and Harry Potter was spread; Harry was considered "Undesirable Number One" and there was a 10,000 Galleon reward for his capture. The Taboo curse was also placed upon Voldemort's name as a method of locating anybody who was brave enough to say the name Voldemort.[6]
Headmaster Snape
Attendance at Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry became mandatory during the 1997–1998 school year, as Voldemort wanted all the population under his control, as well as a way to weed out Muggle-borns. Students were required to prove blood status, and any caught Muggle-born children were sent to the Muggle-Born Registration Commission and then to Azkaban.
Severus Snape was appointed Headmaster, though he faced fierce opposition from Minerva McGonagall and other professors, as well as the remaining members of Dumbledore's Army, including Neville Longbottom, Luna Lovegood and Ginny Weasley. They encouraged rebellion, saved students from detention, and eventually stopped attending classes and took up residence in the Room of Requirement.
The Carrows were also there at the school, with Amycus Carrow teaching Defence Against the Dark Arts, though in reality he taught the Dark Arts. Any favoured students such as Vincent Crabbe and Gregory Goyle who were encouraged to practice the Cruciatus Curse on rule-breakers. His sister, Alecto, took over the now mandatory Muggle Studies, though the course became a brainwashing of the superiority of wizard-kind over Muggles.[6]
Skirmish at Malfoy Manor
- "The Dark Lord is coming, Harry Potter! Your death approaches! Now…Cissy, I think we ought to tie these little heroes up again, while Greyback takes care of Miss Mudblood. I am sure the Dark Lord will not begrudge you the girl, Greyback, after what you have done tonight."
- —Bellatrix Lestrange[src]
During Harry Potter's time hidden from the Death Eaters, he accidentally said Voldemort's name and thus triggered the Taboo placed upon the name. He, Ron and Hermione were captured by a group of Snatchers led by Fenrir Greyback and brought to Malfoy Manor, where they were confronted by Bellatrix Lestrange and the Malfoys. Before either Lucius or Bellatrix could summon the Dark Lord, Bellatrix spotted Godric Gryffindor's Sword among the trio's possessions and interrogated Hermione using the Cruciatus Curse to find out where they got the item. She lied, claiming it was only a copy, a story Harry convinced the goblin Griphook to support. In the meantime, Dobby the house-elf came and rescued Harry, Ron, Garrick Ollivander, Luna Lovegood, and Dean Thomas from the basement. He, Harry and Ron saved Hermione and Griphook and took various wands from the house's occupants before fleeing; Dobby was killed by Bellatrix in the process.
As punishment for summoning him without successfully holding Potter, Voldemort punished all present and forbade them to leave the manor.[6]
Destruction of Voldemort's HorcruxesUnknown to Voldemort or his Death Eaters, Harry, along with Ron and Hermione, was out seeking the Horcruxes of Voldemort. Regulus Black had already removed Salazar Slytherin's Locket from its hiding place, though he had been unable to destroy it. Albus Dumbledore destroyed Marvolo Gaunt's Ring with Godric Gryffindor's Sword and Tom Riddle's Diary had been destroyed by Harry in his second year with a basilisk fang. Thanks to Snape's help through his doe Patronus, Ron Weasley was able to find the sword of Gryffindor and destroy the locket horcrux.
Harry Potter concluded from Bellatrix's behaviour at Malfoy Manor that a horcrux was in her safe at Gringotts Wizarding Bank. With the help of Griphook, Harry, Ron, and Hermione entered the bank and took Helga Hufflepuff's Cup, escaping on a dragon. The Cup was later destroyed by Hermione Granger using a basilisk fang when she and Ron entered the Chamber of Secrets.
Though the three companions were successful, Voldemort learned from hearing about Harry's venture into the bank that they were seeking his horcruxes. In panic, he went to the places the horcruxes were hidden, leaving Hogwarts last, but in the process revealing to Harry Potter that Hogwarts was indeed the last place to go.[6]
Battle of Hogwarts
- "If you continue to resist me, you will all die, one by one. I do not wish this to happen. Every drop of magical blood spilled is a loss and a waste... I command my forces to retreat immediately. You have one hour... I speak now, Harry Potter, directly to you... I shall wait for one hour in the Forbidden Forest. If, at the end of that hour, you have not come to me, have not given yourself up, then battle recommences. This time, I shall enter the fray myself, Harry Potter, and I shall find you, and I shall punish every last man, woman, and child who has tried to conceal you from me. One hour."
- —Voldemort's ultimatum during the final battle[src]
Voldemort, along with his Death Eaters and other allies, attacked Hogwarts and those defending it in May1998. During this battle, Harry, Hermione and Ron managed to find the final horcrux, Rowena Ravenclaw's Diadem, in the Room of Requirement. It was accidentally destroyed by Vincent Crabbe's out of control fiendfyre curse. In the meantime, Death Eaters and their allies were storming the castle; Fred Weasley died in an explosion caused by Augustus Rookwood, and Remus Lupin and Nymphadora Tonks were killed in duels with Antonin Dolohov and Bellatrix Lestrange, respectively. Voldemort had Nagini kill Severus Snape, believing it would make him the true master of the Elder Wand, and then issued an ultimatum to the other side: Harry turns himself over within an hour, or everyone in Hogwarts would be killed.
It was then revealed to Harry that he himself had accidentally been turned into a horcrux. He willingly took a Killing Curse from Lord Voldemort in order to destroy it, but because his mother's sacrifice lived on in his blood, the blood Voldemort took in himself in order to regain a body, Harry was not killed. Before Harry tried to sacrifice himself, he warned Neville Longbottom to kill Nagini. Neville retrieved the sword of Gryffindor and beheaded Nagini.
An army of reinforcements stormed the castle and the Death Eaters were defeated until only Bellatrix Lestrange (killed by Molly Weasley) and Voldemort himself were left. Harry and Voldemort then faced off in one last confrontation. Because Harry was the true master of the Elder Wand, the curse rebounded upon Voldemort, killing the dark wizard once and for all.
With the death of their master and the battle lost, many of the Death Eaters who survived were arrested, while others went into hiding. A few, such as the Malfoys, were pardoned. After Voldemort's death, the Dark Marks on the Death Eaters' forearms faded into scars.[6]
- "Many of our oldest family trees become a little diseased over time. You must prune yours, must you not, to keep it healthy? Cut away those parts that threaten the health of the rest... And in your family, so in the world...we shall cut away the cancer that infects us until only those of the true blood remain..."
- —Lord Voldemort on his goals in Malfoy Manor[src]
Ideologically, the Death Eaters sought to destroy Muggles and wizards and witches of Muggle lineage, and take over, and restore the Wizarding world to pure-bloods. The Death Eaters idealized pure-bloods, which is ironic considering that their leader, Lord Voldemort, was a half-blood with a Muggle father.
Not all of them could claim to be pure-bloods, and in fact true pure-bloods probably do not exist, as the claim is based on selective genealogy; possibly many of them were half-bloods clinging to their pure-blood ancestors. One such was Severus Snape, the son of a Muggle man and a pure-blood witch.[2] Judging by Bellatrix Lestrange's reaction to being told that Voldemort was a half-blood by Harry Potter[3], the Dark Lord most likely lied to his followers about being pure-blood.
- "The Death Eaters can't be all pure-blood, there aren't enough pure-blood Wizards left. I expect most of them are half-bloods, pretending to be pure. It's only Muggle-borns they hate..."
- —Hermione Granger on the Death Eaters[src]
The Death Eaters also attacked pure-bloods who opposed them, such as Fabian and Gideon Prewett, who were members of the Order of the Phoenix. Their main targets, however, were Muggle-borns, whom they hated and believed should not be allowed access to the wizarding world, judging from their mass imprisonment of Muggle-borns during the height of the Second Wizarding War. It is possible that some Death Eaters believed the theory their propaganda put forth — that Muggle-borns stole magic from "real" wizards and witches — though this may have been nothing more than an excuse to send Muggle-borns to Azkaban.[6] In any case, the Death Eaters regarded Muggle-borns as inferior and undeserving of magic, and thought those who disagreed, so-called blood traitors, were nearly as bad.[7] However, in "rare circumstances", a Muggle-born who was exceptionally powerful or talented might be permitted to become a Death Eater[8].
Although some Death Eaters appear to have been fanatically loyal to Voldemort, such as Bellatrix Lestrange and Barty Crouch Jr., many seemed to serve him largely out of fear. As soon as he was defeated in 1981, many immediately renounced their loyalty and did not attempt to find Voldemort in the intervening years. Those who rioted at the 1994 Quidditch World Cup also fled when the Dark Mark was cast. Bill Weasley speculated then that those Death Eaters were "even more frightened than the rest of us to see him come back"[9]. However, most Apparated to his side if they were able when Voldemort called them upon his return, claiming that they had been loyal all along.
In turn, even though Voldemort values the services they provide, and sometimes act as though they were close, he sees them as no more than dispensable servants. Voldemort was willing to sacrifice even the most loyal of them if it serves him well, the most prominent example being Severus Snape, who he thought to the end was faithful. Some Death Eaters delude themselves to thinking that they alone know and understand Voldemort, and even were close to him, but Voldemort never once desired a friend.
Becoming a Death Eater meant a lifetime service to Lord Voldemort. They have no right to just "hand in their resignation" if the tasks get too difficult. If they try to back out, then they would be killed. Sirius Black thought his younger brother was killed for attempting to quit after being asked to do something hard, even though later this turned out to be the opposite. Igor Karkaroff deserted the Death Eaters after turning many of them over to the Ministry, and was killed for it years later.
Known Death Eaters
|Current Status
|Alecto Carrow
|Fought in the First Wizarding War. Following Lord Voldemort's downfall, Alecto managed to avoid Azkaban. After the Dark Lord's rebirth, Alecto fought in the Second Wizarding War. She participated in the Battle of the Astronomy Tower, and became Muggle Studies professor at Hogwarts, as the Ministry of Magic was in Voldemort's control. Alecto used her position to spread anti-Muggle propaganda and abused various students.
|Presumed imprisoned or deceased
|Amycus Carrow
|Fought in the First Wizarding War. Following Lord Voldemort's downfall, Amycus managed to avoid Azkaban. After the Dark Lord's rebirth, Amycus fought in the Second Wizarding War. He participated in the Battle of the Astronomy Tower, and became Dark Arts professor at Hogwarts, as the Ministry of Magic was in Voldemort's control he changed Defence Against the Dark Art to the Dark Arts. Amycus used his position to abuse students. During the Battle of Hogwarts, Amycus was placed under the Imperius Curse by Minerva McGonagall and tortured with the Cruciatus Curse by Harry Potter.
|Presumed imprisoned or deceased
|Antonin Dolohov
|Fought in the First Wizarding War. Dolohov was involved with the brutal murders of Fabian and Gideon Prewett. During the Second Wizarding War, Dolohov participated in the illegal break-in and battle of the Department of Mysteries. After escaping Azkaban, Dolohov failed to capture Harry Potter on Tottenham Court Road, and was subsequently punished by his master. During the Battle of Hogwarts, he killed Remus Lupin, and was later defeated by Filius Flitwick.
|Presumed imprisoned or deceased
|Augustus Rookwood
|Worked as an Unspeakable at the Ministry of Magic, using this position to spy for Lord Voldemort. Rookwood was imprisoned in Azkaban having been betrayed by Igor Karkaroff in exchange for his freedom. Rookwood later escaped during the 1996 mass breakout, however, he was re-incarcerated after participating in the illegal break-in and battle of the Department of Mysteries. In 1997, he escaped once again during another mass-breakout, and possibly killed Fred Weasley, having fought in the Battle of Hogwarts.
|Presumed imprisoned
|Avery Sr.
|One of Lord Voldemort's very first Death Eaters. Attended to Hogwarts with Tom Riddle.
|Presumed imprisoned or deceased
|Avery Jr.
|Fought in the First Wizarding War. Following Lord Voldemort's downfall, Avery was able to avoid Azkaban by claiming he had been under the Imperius Curse. He was later one of the few present at the Dark Lord's rebirth. He also participated in the illegal break-in and battle of the Department of Mysteries during the Second Wizarding War. Avery, along with other Death Eaters, escaped during the 1996 mass breakout of Azkaban.
|Presumed imprisoned or deceased
|Barty Crouch Jr.
|Participated in the torture and permanent incapacitation of Alice and Frank Longbottom during the First Wizarding War. During the events leading up to the Dark Lord's rebirth, Crouch kidnapped and impersonated Alastor Moody using Polyjuice Potion. Whilst impersonating Moody at Hogwarts, Barty murdered his own father using the Killing Curse. Furthermore, he placed Viktor Krum under the Imperius Curse during the Triwizard Tournament, and through him, tortured Cedric Diggory, also stunning Fleur Delacour. Crouch subsequently suffered the Dementor's Kiss.
|Soul removed
|Bellatrix Lestrange
|Participated in the torture and permanent incapacitation of Alice and Frank Longbottom with the Cruciatus Curse during the First Wizarding War, and was unable to avoid Azkaban following Lord Voldemort's downfall. Fought in the Second Wizarding War. Participated in the illegal break-in and battle at the Department of Mysteries, killing Sirius Black, and was the only Death Eater who escaped Azkaban following that battle. Tortured Hermione Granger and killed Dobby at Malfoy Manor. Killed Tonks and attempted to kill Ginny Weasley during the Battle of Hogwarts. She was subsequently killed by Molly Weasley in the same battle.
|Crabbe Sr.
|Fought in the First Wizarding War. Having avoided Azkaban following Lord Voldemort's downfall, Crabbe was present when the Dark Lord was reborn. He later participated in the illegal break-in and battle of the Department of Mysteries during the Second Wizarding War, and was subsequently imprisoned. Crabbe, along with other Death Eaters, escaped during the 1997 mass breakout.
|Presumed imprisoned or deceased
|Draco Malfoy
|Two failed assassination attempts on Albus Dumbledore. Placed the Imperius Curse on Madam Rosmerta. Unintentionally poisoned Ron Weasley and cursed Katie Bell. Forced to commit crimes under direct threat from Lord Voldemort. Repaired the vanishing cabinet which allowed various Death Eaters to breach Hogwarts defences prior to the Battle of the Astronomy Tower. Tried to capture Harry Potter during the Battle of Hogwarts. Participated reluctantly in Death Eater activity.
|Evan Rosier
|Fought in the First Wizarding War. Following Lord Voldemort's downfall, Evan was killed by Alastor Moody after resisting capture.
|Fought in the Second Wizarding War. Conjured the Dark Mark over Hogwarts during the Battle of the Astronomy Tower. During that battle, Gibbon was struck by a Killing Curse intended for Remus Lupin by Thorfinn Rowle.
|Goyle Sr.
|Fought in the First Wizarding War. Having avoided Azkaban following Lord Voldemort's downfall, Goyle was present when the Dark Lord was reborn.
|Presumed imprisoned or deceased
|Igor Karkaroff
|Fought in the First Wizarding War. Following Lord Voldemort's downfall, Karkaroff was able to avoid Azkaban by betraying several Death Eaters to the Ministry of Magic. During the Second Wizarding War, Karkaroff was killed for his disloyalty.
|Participated in the illegal break-in and battle of the Department of Mysteries during the Second Wizarding War, and was subsequently imprisoned. Jugson, along with other Death Eaters, escaped during the 1997 mass breakout.
|Presumed imprisoned or deceased
|Lestrange Sr.
|One of Lord Voldemort's first Death Eaters.
|Presumed imprisoned or deceased
|Lucius Malfoy
|Gave Tom Riddle's old school diary to Ginny Weasley under Lord Voldemort's orders, hoping to sabotage Arthur Weasley. Lucius later threatened school governors and numerous counts of bribery. Participated in a violent riot and torture of a Muggle family at the Quidditch World Cup in 1994. He was present when Voldemort was reborn. Placed Department of Mysteries employee Broderick Bode and possibly Sturgis Podmore under the Imperius Curse in an attempt to commit theft on Voldemort's behalf. Led the break-in of the Department of Mysteries. After escaping Azkaban, his home was used as Death Eater headquarters. Defected and did not fight in the Battle of Hogwarts.
|Mulciber Sr.
|One of Lord Voldemort's first Death Eaters. Fought and died in the First Wizarding War.
|Mulciber Jr.
|Fought in the First Wizarding War and placed the Imperius Curse on many people and forced them to do horrific things and was later unable to avoid Azkaban after Lord Voldemort's downfall. Following the Dark Lord's rebirth, Mulciber escaped in 1996 during a mass breakout. During the Second Wizarding War, he participated in the illegal break-in and battle of the Department of Mysteries, and was subsequently re-imprisoned. However, Mulciber later escaped once again during the 1997 mass breakout.
|Presumed imprisoned or deceased
|Nott Sr.
|One of Lord Voldemort's first Death Eaters, thus fought in the First Wizarding War. Following Voldemort's downfall, Nott was able to avoid Azkaban, and was later present at the Dark Lord's rebirth. Participated in the illegal break-in and battle of the Department of Mysteries during the Second Wizarding War, and was subsequently imprisoned. Nott, along with other Death Eaters, escaped during the 1997 mass breakout.
|Presumed imprisoned or deceased
|Peter Pettigrew
|Betrayed James and Lily Potter to Lord Voldemort, framing Sirius Black for the crime, whilst killing twelve Muggles in the process and faking his own death. Present at the Dark Lord's rebirth, assisting him in doing so, murdering Cedric Diggory in the process. Prior to these events, he lead Bertha Jorkins to her death. Pettigrew tried to strangle Harry Potter in Malfoy Manor but hesitated when Harry Potter reminded him of a life debt, which resulted in him getting killed by his enchanted silver hand.
|Deceased (defected)
|Rabastan Lestrange
|One of Lord Voldemort's first Death Eaters. Participated in the torture and the permanent incapacitation of Alice and Frank Longbottom using the Cruciatus Curse during the First Wizarding War. Participated in the illegal break-in and battle at the Department of Mysteries, and was subsequently imprisoned. Rabastan, along with other Death Eaters, escaped during the 1997 mass breakout.
|Presumed imprisoned or deceased
|Regulus Black
|Volunteered Kreacher to assist Lord Voldemort in hiding Salazar Slytherin's Locket. However, Regulus later changed sides and attempted to destroy the Horcrux and was killed by Inferi in the process.
|Deceased (defected)
|Rodolphus Lestrange
|Participated in the torture and the permanent incapacitation of Alice and Frank Longbottom via the Cruciatus Curse during the First Wizarding War. Participated in the illegal break-in and battle of the Department of Mysteries, and was subsequently imprisoned. Rodolphus escaped in the 1997 mass breakout and participated in the Battle of the Seven Potters.
|Presumed imprisoned or deceased
|Rosier Sr.
|One of Lord Voldemort's first Death Eaters.
|Presumed imprisoned or deceased
|During the Second Wizarding War, participated in the Battle of the Seven Potters. Along with Travers, tortured Xenophilius Lovegood about the whereabouts of Harry Potter.
|Presumed imprisoned or deceased
|Severus Snape
|Gave information to Lord Voldemort about the prophecy leading to the death of James and Lily Potter during the First Wizarding War. He then reformed out of remorse for Lily's death and worked as a double agent for the Order of the Phoenix against the Death Eaters. Participated in a plan of Dumbledore's resulting in his death and Snape becoming Headmaster of Hogwarts, a position he used to covertly assist Harry Potter and his friends. Was killed by Nagini under the command of Voldemort, who believed Snape was the master of the Elder Wand.
|Deceased (defected)
|Thorfinn Rowle
|During the Second Wizarding War, participated in the Battle of the Astronomy Tower, and accidentally struck Gibbon with a Killing Curse intended for Remus Lupin. He was later punished by the Dark Lord having failed to capture Harry Potter on Tottenham Court Road. Rowle later participated in the Battle of Hogwarts.
|Presumed imprisoned or deceased
|Participated in the murder of the McKinnons during the First Wizarding War. Participated in the Battle of the Seven Potters and intimidated employees of Gringotts bank during the Second Wizarding War.
|Presumed imprisoned or deceased
|Walden Macnair
|One of Lord Voldemort's first Death Eaters, thus fought during the First Wizarding War. Following Voldemort's downfall, was able to avoid Azkaban by claiming to have been under the Imperius Curse. Present at the Dark Lord's rebirth. Recruited Giants to join Lord Voldemort's side during the Second Wizarding War. Participated in the illegal break-in and battle at the Department of Mysteries, and was subsequently imprisoned. Macnair, along with other Death Eaters, escaped during the 1997 mass breakout, and participated in the Battle of Hogwarts and was knocked unconscious after Rubeus Hagrid slammed him into a wall.
|Presumed imprisoned or deceased
|Fought and died in the First Wizarding War.
|During the Second Wizarding War, participated in the Battle of the Astronomy Tower. Placed the Imperius Curse on Pius Thicknesse. Participated in the persecution of Muggle-borns with the Muggle-Born Registration Commission. Participated in the Battle of Hogwarts and was defeated by George Weasley and Lee Jordan.
|Presumed imprisoned or deceased
The Death Eaters seems to have hierarchy, with Voldemort at the top, followed by top ranking members, who were often his most powerful and trusted Death Eaters. Arguably, his top most Death Eaters were Severus Snape, Lucius Malfoy (until he lost favour), and Bellatrix Lestrange.
Deaths, Disappearances and Injuries
Deaths caused by Death Eaters
|Cause of Death
|Moaning Myrtle
|Tom Marvolo Riddle
|Slytherin's Basilisk
|Riddle unleashed the Basilisk in Hogwarts in 1943, and it killed Myrtle in the bathroom near the entrance to the Chamber of Secrets. Used to made his diary his first Horcrux.
|The Riddle family
|Tom Marvolo Riddle
|Killing Curse
|Riddle killed his Muggle lineage in revenge for his mother being abandoned. He used Morfin Gaunt's ring to make his second Horcrux.
|Hepzibah Smith
|Tom Marvolo Riddle
|A lethal poison
|Riddle killed Hepzibah Smith while working for Borgin and Burkes and framed Smith's house elf, Hokey for the crime. Stole Helga Hufflepuff's Cup and Salazar Slytherin's Locket from Smith's safe. Used to make Helga Hufflepuff's Cup his third Horcrux.
|A Muggle tramp
|Lord Voldemort
|Used to make Salazar Slytherin's Locket his fourth Horcrux.
|An Albanian peasant
|Lord Voldemort
|Used to make Rowena Ravenclaw's Diadem his fifth Horcrux.
|Edgar Bones and his family
|Unknown Death Eaters
|During the First Wizarding War
|Benjy Fenwick
|Unknown Death Eaters
|A curse that blasted him to pieces
|During the First Wizarding War
|Fabian and Gideon Prewett
|Antonin Dolohov and four other Death Eaters
|Unknown, but described as "brutal"
|During the First Wizarding War
|Marlene McKinnon and her family
|Multiple Death Eaters, including Travers
|During the First Wizarding War
|Dean Thomas's father
|Unknown Death Eaters
|Killed for refusing to join the Death Eaters.
|Dorcas Meadowes
|Lord Voldemort
|Killing Curse
|Reason Unknown.
|James and Lily Potter
|Lord Voldemort
|Killing Curse
|Resulted in the first defeat of Voldemort on 31 October, 1981, as Lily Potter's sacrifice for her infant son caused the Killing Curse Voldemort directed at him to rebound.
|Twelve Muggles
|Peter Pettigrew
|Blasting Curse
|Caused while Pettigrew was fleeing Sirius Black and faked his own death.
|Bertha Jorkins
|Lord Voldemort
|Killing Curse
|Used to make Nagini his sixth (actually seventh) Horcrux.
|Frank Bryce
|Lord Voldemort
|Killing Curse
|For supposedly trespassing on the Riddle House.
|Barty Crouch Sr.
|Barty Crouch Jr.
|Killed before he could expose his son and Voldemort's plans
|Cedric Diggory
|Peter Pettigrew
|Killing Curse
|Accompanied Harry Potter to the graveyard in Little Hangleton, and murdered on Voldemort's orders to "kill the spare".
|Broderick Bode
|Walden Macnair
|Strangled by Devil's Snare
|Killed to prevent him from talking about the Death Eaters' planned break-in of the Department of Mysteries.
|Sirius Black
|Bellatrix Lestrange
|Curse that pushed him through the Veil in the Death Chamber
|Battle of the Department of Mysteries
|Emmeline Vance
|Unknown Death Eaters
|Killed for membership in the Order of the Phoenix in 1996.
|Amelia Bones
|Lord Voldemort
|Killed in the summer of 1996
|Florean Fortescue
|Unknown Death Eaters
|Kidnapped from his own shop in Diagon Alley in 1996, was later killed.
|Mrs. Abbott
|Unknown Death Eaters
|Found dead in her home.
|Igor Karkaroff
|Unknown Death Eaters
|Killed for betraying the Death Eaters at the end of the First Wizarding War.
|Thorfinn Rowle
|Killing Curse
|Rowle was aiming at Remus Lupin during the Battle of the Astronomy Tower, but missed and accidentally struck Gibbon.
|Albus Dumbledore
|Severus Snape
|Killing Curse
|Killed as part of his own plan to spare Draco Malfoy from becoming a murderer and himself from a more painful death.
|Charity Burbage
|Lord Voldemort
|Killing Curse
|Killed for promoting pro-Muggle values and fed to Nagini.
|Unknown Death Eater
|Killing Curse
|Battle of the Seven Potters
|Alastor Moody
|Lord Voldemort
|Killing Curse
|Battle of the Seven Potters
|Rufus Scrimgeour
|Unknown Death Eaters or Lord Voldemort
|As part of the 1997 coup of the Ministry of Magic
|Bathilda Bagshot
|Most likely Lord Voldemort
|Unknown, but bearing signs of Dark Magic
|To place Nagini inside her body as a trap for Harry Potter in Godric's Hollow.
|German family
|Lord Voldemort
|Killing Curse
|For not having information on Gregorovitch's location.
|Lord Voldemort
|Killing Curse
|During his search for the Elder Wand.
|Gellert Grindelwald
|Lord Voldemort
|Killing Curse
|After interrogation about the location of the Elder Wand.
|Peter Pettigrew
|Lord Voldemort
|Silver hand made by Voldemort
|After Pettigrew stopped trying to kill Harry Potter - Skirmish at Malfoy Manor
|Bellatrix Lestrange
|Stabbed through the chest with a thrown dagger.
|Skirmish at Malfoy Manor
|Unidentified goblin killed by Voldemort
|Lord Voldemort
|Killing Curse
|After the report that the trio stolen Helga Hufflepuff's Cup from the Lestrange's vault at Gringotts.
|Fred Weasley
|Augustus Rookwood
|An explosion in Hogwarts
|Battle of Hogwarts
|Remus Lupin
|Antonin Dolohov
|Battle of Hogwarts
|Nymphadora Tonks
|Bellatrix Lestrange
|Battle of Hogwarts
|Colin Creevey
|Unknown Death Eater
|Battle of Hogwarts
|Unidentified female Hogwarts teacher
|Possibly a Death Eater or two
|Battle of Hogwarts
|Severus Snape
|Multiple bites
|In the Shrieking Shack, after Lord Voldemort came to the conclusion that he needed to do so to gain control of the Elder Wand.
Permanent Injuries caused by Death Eaters
|Death Eater(s)
|Description of Injury
|Alice and Frank Longbottom
|Bellatrix, Rodolphus, Rabastan Lestrange and Barty Crouch Jr.
|Insanity caused by repeated and prolonged infliction of the Cruciatus Curse
|Resulted in the Longbottoms remaining in St Mungo's for the rest of their lives
|Harry Potter
|Lord Voldemort
|Lightning Scar Caused by a failed Killing Curse
|Resulted in the end of the First Wizarding War
|George Weasley
|Severus Snape
|A Sectumsempra Snape was actually aiming at another Death Eater severed George's ear.
|Battle of the Seven Potters
Non-permanent injuries caused by Death Eaters
|Death Eater(s)
|Description of Injury
|Several Muggle-born students of Hogwarts, Nearly Headless Nick, and Mrs. Norris
|Slytherin's Basilisk, under Tom Marvolo Riddle's command
|This was carried out via the possession of Ginny Weasley in the 1992–1993 school year by a Horcrux slipped to Ginny by Lucius Malfoy
|Ginny Weasley
|Lucius Malfoy and the memory of Tom Marvolo Riddle
|Possessed and nearly killed through use of Tom Riddle's Diary a Horcrux
|Lucius Malfoy slipped Ginny the diary, and she was saved from Riddle by Harry Potter in 1993
|Mr. Roberts and his family
|Unknown Death Eaters - most likely Lucius Malfoy for he was at the World Cup
|Levitated and humiliated publicly.
|At the Quidditch World Cup in 1994.
|Harry Potter
|Lord Voldemort
|Briefly tortured with the Cruciatus Curse; attempted murder.
|In the graveyard of Little Hangleton in 1995.
|Arthur Weasley
|Multiple snakebites, severe blood loss
|December 1995
|Ginny Weasley
|Unknown Death Eater
|Broken ankle
|Battle of the Department of Mysteries
|Hermione Granger
|Antonin Dolohov
|Severe internal injury caused by an unnamed curse.
|Battle of the Department of Mysteries
|Neville Longbottom
|Antonin Dolohov
|Broke nose and wand
|Battle of the Department of Mysteries
|Luna Lovegood
|Unknown Death Eater
|Stunned and thrown across a room
|Battle of the Department of Mysteries
|Neville Longbottom
|Bellatrix Lestrange
|Briefly tortured with the Cruciatus Curse.
|Battle of the Department of Mysteries
|Katie Bell
|Draco Malfoy
|Placed under the Imperius Curse; cursed when she touched a Dark magic opal necklace.
|Collateral damage of Draco Malfoy's attempts to assassinate Albus Dumbledore.
|Ron Weasley
|Draco Malfoy
|Poisoned by drinking mead intended for Albus Dumbledore.
|Collateral damage of Draco Malfoy's attempts to assassinate Albus Dumbledore - Harry Potter saved his life by feeding Ron a bezoar.
|Harry Potter
|Received venomous bite on his arm.
|Attack at Godric's Hollow (1997)
|Hermione Granger
|Bellatrix Lestrange
|Tortured with the Cruciatus Curse for information; threatened with a short knife at neck.
|Skirmish at Malfoy Manor
|Various Hogwarts students, including Neville Longbottom, Seamus Finnigan, and Michael Corner
|Amycus and Alecto Carrow.
|Subjected to assault and the Cruciatus Curse
|Occurred while Voldemort was in control of Hogwarts for the 1997–1998 school year.
Disappearances caused by Death Eaters
|Death Eater(s)
|Description of Disappearance
|Caradoc Dearborn
|Unknown Death Eaters
|Disappeared during the First Wizarding War. His body was never found, and is presumably dead.
|Garrick Ollivander
|Fenrir Greyback and unknown Death Eaters
|Kidnapped from his own shop in Diagon Alley in 1996.
|Yes, escaped from Malfoy Manor along with Harry Potter, Ron Weasley, Hermione Granger, Luna Lovegood, Dean Thomas, Griphook, and Dobby.
|Octavius Pepper
|Unknown Death Eaters
|Disappeared in early spring of 1997. Disappearance was reported by the Daily Prophet.
|Florean Fortescue
|Unknown Death Eaters
|Kidnapped from his own shop in Diagon Alley in 1996, was later killed.
|Bertha Jorkins
|Peter Pettigrew
|Brought to Lord Voldemort by Peter Pettigrew during a vacation in Albania in 1994, was later killed by Voldemort. Her death resulted in Nagini being turned into a Horcrux.
|Luna Lovegood
|Unknown Death Eaters
|Imprisoned in Malfoy Manor
|Yes, escaped from Malfoy Manor along with Harry Potter, Ron Weasley, Hermione Granger, Garrick Ollivander, Dean Thomas, Griphook, and Dobby.
Behind the scenes
- The Death Eaters were originally titled The Knights of Walpurgis[10]. This name seems to be a play on Walpurgis Night, the evening of 30 April when, according to legend, witches and demons gather.
- Walpurgis Night is the day before the feast day of St. Walpurga on the first of May. May 1st, 1998 was the last full day of Voldemort and the Death Eaters' reign of terror. They were finally destroyed on May 2nd.
- The hoods worn by the Death Eaters in their first film appearance bear a resemblance to those worn by the Ku Klux Klan. For later films, the design was changed to one with a full mask and no point on the hood.
- Despite his allegiance with Lord Voldemort, Fenrir Greyback was not an official Death Eater due to the fact that he was a werewolf. Nonetheless, Voldemort saw Greyback as too valuable an accomplice not to have in his ranks, and allowed him to accompany the group and wear their robes.
- Narcissa Malfoy was not officially a Death Eater, never having been branded with the Dark Mark, even though she was married to Lucius Malfoy and is the sister of Bellatrix Lestrange, both very high-ranking Death Eaters. However, she was an ally of the Death Eaters, as she may have participated in the tormenting of Muggles the night of the 1994 Quidditch World Cup, relayed information to Voldemort which led to the Battle of the Department of Mysteries and the murder of Sirius Black, sat in on Death Eater meetings (though this may simply have been because they were held in her home at the time, much to her discomfort), and was given the duty of finding out whether or not Harry Potter was truly dead. However, she was not known to have participated in any battles, and she ultimately lied to Voldemort about Harry's death and thus helped bring about his fall.
- Pius Thicknesse and Stan Shunpike were both dressed as Death Eaters when they fought in the Battle of Hogwarts and Battle of the Seven Potters, respectively. However, both were under the Imperius Curse at the time, and it is unlikely that either was ever an actual Death Eater.
- Quirinus Quirrell was loyal to Lord Voldemort, but he was not a Death Eater as the organisation was inactive during Voldemort's years of disembodiment. Had he successfully resurrected his master, he almost certainly would've become one.
- Several Death Eaters with the same last name have been mentioned in the series (e.g. Lestrange, Avery, Mulciber), which suggests that fealty to Voldemort may not end with the person themselves, and extends to their children. It is equally possible, however, that the children have similar ideological views to their parents.
- Dolores Umbridge was never explicitly mentioned to be a Death Eater; however, she was a sympathiser who committed crimes against Muggle-borns at the Ministry of Magic while it was under Voldemort's control. She also participated in her own punishment for Harry Potter with a cursed quill for his outcry in Defence Against the Dark Arts, permanently carving I must not tell lies on the back of Harry's hand.
- While the majority of the Death Eaters were males, two explicitly mentioned female Death Eaters were Bellatrix Lestrange and Alecto Carrow. Another unnamed woman was described in the first chapter of the Deathly Hallows, but it was Bellatrix Lestrange.
- Unlike their fathers, Vincent Crabbe, Gregory Goyle and Theodore Nott do not appear to have ever been official Death Eaters, though Crabbe and Goyle were sympathisers who tried to capture Harry Potter for Voldemort during the Battle of Hogwarts, resulting in the death of Ravenclaw's diadem, the death of Crabbe and the destruction of the Room of Requirement.
- Bellatrix was referred by J.K. Rowling as Voldemort's lieutenant, suggesting that she may be the second-in-command of the Death Eater organisation. Indeed, she has demonstrated great talent in combat and leadership skills and has been, in the past, trusted with many important things by her master. Similarly, Lucius Malfoy and Severus Snape seemed to be lieutenants of Voldemort. Bellatrix and Lucius Malfoy were entrusted with Horcruxes. All three were allowed to give subordinate Death Eater orders. However, both Malfoy and Snape lost favour with Voldemort shortly before his demise.
- The Death Eaters do not wear hoods or masks during the last film adaptation. In Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows: Part 1 they do sometimes, same for Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince (film) and Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix (film).
- In Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows: Part 2 there seem to be not several dozens of Death Eaters like in the book, but hundreds. The end of the Battle of Hogwarts had over a hundred standing in the courtyard. It may be that some of them were imperiused wizards but when the battle resumed, 2/8 of the Death Eaters fled, including the Malfoy family.
- Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone (Indirect mention only)
- Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone (film) (Indirect mention only)
- Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets (Indirect mention only)
- Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban (Mentioned only)
- Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban (film) (Mentioned only)
- Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire (First appearance) (First identified as Death Eaters)
- Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire (film)
- Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire (video game)
- Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix
- Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix (film)
- Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix (video game)
- Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince
- Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince (film)
- Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince (video game)
- Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows
- Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows: Part 1
- Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows: Part 1 (video game)
- Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows: Part 2
- Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows: Part 2 (video game)
- Harry Potter Prequel
- LEGO Harry Potter: Years 1-4
- LEGO Harry Potter: Years 5-7
- Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows: Motorbike Escape
- Harry Potter LEGO Sets
Notes and references
- ↑ CBBC Newsround - FULL transcript of JK's OOTP interview
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire
- ↑ Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.7 Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows
- ↑ In chapter 23 of Deathly Hallows, Bellatrix Lestrange says "blood traitor is next to Mudblood in my book".
- ↑ 15 August 2004 J.K. Rowling at the Edinburgh Book Festival
- ↑ Goblet of Fire, Ch. 9
- ↑ HP Lexicon: Death Eaters


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(Masterpieces of World Literature, Critical Edition)
Download David Copperfield Study Guide
Dickens's eighth novel, his favorite, has an intimate relationship to his own story: "C. D." becomes "D. C." Some months before he began it, he had sat down to write the story of his childhood degradation for the first and only time in his life. The experience was too painful and Dickens abandoned the autobiographical attempt. Yet the material found its way, often word for word, directly into the first-person fiction of David Copperfield, which, as Dickens puts it semijokingly in the subtitle, the hero "never meant to be published on any account."
Fatherless David Copperfield's idyllic relationship to his pretty and childlike mother is utterly ended by her second marriage. Austere Mr. Murdstone lives up to the fairy-tale model of the wicked stepparent, whipping the terrified boy when he stammers over impossibly long sums, sending him away to school (where he meets and worships handsome Steerforth), and finally depriving David of his inheritance when his mother dies in childbirth, consigning him instead to the hell of Murdstone and Grinby's (that is, Warren's) factory. Comfort, however, is provided by the feckless, wordy, self-important Mr. Micawber, a masterly comic transformation of Dickens's own father, with whom the lonely boy takes lodgings. Micawber suffers the same fate of imprisonment in debtors' prison but remains convinced that his luck will change.
Meanwhile, an important subplot centers on the seafaring folk David meets through his devoted nurse, Peggotty: her brother Daniel, whose house is an upturned boat, the stalwart fisherman Ham, and Little Em'ly, the reckless and beautiful girl who is eventually seduced and ruined by Steerforth, David's idol. Steerforth's treatment of Little Em'ly is only partially redeemed by his death in a storm at sea, which also kills Ham, who had hoped to marry Little Em'ly.
When Micawber departs in search of his fortune, David also leaves London in quest of love and family. Robbed even of his clothes, he walks the long miles to Dover, where his is rewarded by the half-unexpected affection of his cantankerous and eccentric Aunt Betsy. She provides the schooling proper to a gentleman at Dr. Strong's academy and sets David on the path to becoming a successful professional writer. The text pays little attention to his work; however, his romantic life looms far larger. David enters into an unsuitable marriage to sweet, frivolous, luxurious Dora Spenlow, who calls herself his child-wife.
On her deathbed—tragic but inevitable, given her inadequacies—Dora commends David to the woman who will be her successor, Dr. Strong's daughter, Agnes, an incarnation of the Victorian ideal of the domestic angel, and, as such, somewhat lifeless and unbelievable. Embedded in this development is a hint at Dickens's dissatisfaction with his own marriage and his desire for escape. Yet several hurdles must be negotiated before David can be safely delivered into the haven of a proper Victorian marriage. Dr. Strong and Agnes must be rescued from the clutches of the reptilian, mock-humble Uriah Heep, largely through the agency of Micawber. Little Em'ly must be found and rescued; old Daniel Peggotty finally immigrates with her to Australia—a treatment of the taboo fallen woman theme that was radical and humane for its time, and which reflects the lessons that Dickens learned in his ten-year involvement with a home for fallen women, Urania Cottage.
(Critical Survey of Literature for Students)
David Copperfield is born at Blunderstone, in Suffolk, six months after his father's death. Miss Betsey Trotwood, an eccentric grandaunt, is present on the night of his birth, but she leaves the house abruptly and indignantly when she learns that the child is a boy, since only a girl can be named after her. David spends his early years with his pretty young mother and a devoted servant named Peggotty.
The youthful widow is soon courted by Mr. Murdstone. Soon after she marries him, she discovers that he is stingy and cruel. David is...
(The entire section is 6,964 words.)


text:
This lovely family theme park in Kappel-Grafenhausen, near the French border, offers a varied range of fun activities and attractions for families with children aged two to ten.
With over 50 rides and activities to choose from, most of which the kids can do with their parents, there is no chance of getting bored at Funny World! On most of the rides, parents can accompany their little ones. They can also join in at the themed mini golf course 'African-Style', a unique attraction in Germany. Players go on the hunt for points here between elephants, monkeys, lions and giraffes! Kids can also bounce up and down on a trampoline, whizz down a slide or romp around in the coloured ball pit! Climbing is also a top activity here, either on the climbing frames or climbing net. If you want a short breather from all the action, why not take your kids to the petting zoo? The tame goats here are just waiting to be stroked! The Oldtimer Express is another leisurely attraction, and the El Paso railway keeps a gentle pace too, so that little ones can climb aboard without any need to worry. With a wide range of attractions from water rides to cable cars, plus nice places to relax and unwind in Mexican-style surroundings, this leisure park promises a great day out for all the family.
If you need to cool off at Funny World, the water rides at Big Mountain Splash are just for you! There is also fun in store for everyone at the 18-hole pit-pat course. Similar to mini golf, pit-pat presents you with various obstacles that become increasingly difficult as you move through the course. The holes are set out on tables, so instead of playing with a regular putter, you are given a small pole similar to a pool cue. 'Little Town' is designed for very young children and has its own ball pit, bouncy castle, big wheel and water chute. Other attractions to try out at Funny World include the pirates' ship, a pirate swing and the Flying Sombrero somersault swing. And at the Fun(ny)tastico Circus, all the family can see daring acrobatics, dangerous predators, funny clowns and exciting animal shows. The whole site, including the tournament mini golf course, is flat and suitable for wheelchair users.
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Imagine arriving on an immigrant ship at Melbourne or Portland in December. After enduring the arduous voyage for months, passengers would have set foot in their new country faced with an Australian summer and then reminded Christmas was just around the corner. My Mortimer family arrived in Melbourne from England on December 14, 1852, just 11 days before Christmas. Having known only a cold and maybe white Christmas and possibly having lost track of the months, they may have felt a little confused.
Judging by the newspapers of the 1850s, however, it seems that the new arrivals embraced the "new" Christmas of clear skies and sun and a chance to get outside and enjoy the day.
On Christmas Eve, 1859, Main Road Ballarat was abuzz with activity.
As well as shopping for ducks, geese and turkey for Christmas lunch, some last minute Christmas shopping could be done at Miss Kitchen's Fancy Toy Warehouse or Rees and Benjamin Watchmakers and Jewellers.
In Portland, shoppers may have spent Christmas Eve with their fingers crossed for the draw of the Christmas cake lottery at Holmes Confectioners in Gawler Street.
Not everyone was enjoying the new style of Christmas. In 1859, the editor of The Argus lamented that Christmas was not the same in Australia without the snow and mistletoe. I like his prediction that in one hundred years, Australians will have forgotten the "old" Christmas and have given Christmas a new feel with eucalyptus and acacia decking the halls. If only he could see Christmas now as he would see that many of the English traditions of Christmas still exist and we still grapple with the idea of a hot lunch on a hot day, but we just do it anyway. The tradition continues.


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Guest Feedback
Beautiful villa,beautiful location. Would definitely recommend this villa to anyone who enjoys the good things in life.
We really had an enchanting holiday in the Villa, really special. Loved the people, the culture, and all the lovely people who looked after us. The aspect was well and truly awesome, can't wait to return.
We had a fantastic visit!Must dos:Turn of all the lights in the villa and watch the shooting stars. Leave the pool lights on and watch the bats. Do a local boat trip. Support team were an absolute delight and made us feel really welcome.
I'm pleased to say that the villa is every bit as good as you described it if not better. We all had a fabulous time and everyone really enjoyed it. I will send you a few of the hundreds of photos we took – they might be good for you to use to show how family oriented the villa can be. Can you pass our thanks on to the team for looking after us and we look forward to returning in the near future.
What a wonderful place! We have enjoyed every moment we have spent in this beautiful villa, so carefully tendered by your team.
This is our first visit to Turkey and our stay at Villa Anni has been perfect. The villa is fantastic and very much a credit to John and Ann for making it such a wonderful holiday retreat. All in all, this has been one of our most enjoyable holidays and we will definitely return to do the other things time did not allow us on this occasion.
This has been one of the best holidays that we have ever had. The villa is superb and it has been lovely having the occasional Turkish tea with your team, who kept the pool immaculate.
The villa was immaculate with stunning surroundings. Orhaniye is a perfect place to relax and unwind. It's peaceful and beautiful to explore. The smells of the flowers will bring me and my partner back alone. Can't wait to come back.
What a fabulous place you have made! We can see why you love the area so much. We spent a very relaxing time at Orhaniye and will recommend your villa to everyone!
This is our second visit to Turkey – but – this one gave us a real sense and taste of the Turkish Delights!
We had a great time at Orhaniye and Villa Lale. The villa had everything we needed (even the toaster) and the skype phone was a particularly thoughtful and very useful accessory. The peace and tranquility that the villa provides is priceless.
The perfect mix of a luxury chill out retreat, rural setting and accessibility to explore the Bozburun Peninsula, This was the best possible start to our married life! An amazing experience! Fantastic. Best two weeks we have ever had.
Thank you very much for renting us your wonderful villa. We had a fabulous time, the weather was lovely, and the villa very comfortable. We really liked the pool and spent a lot of time in there. We thought that the team were lovely very helpful. Meliha the housekeeper was really sweet, she even folded our clothes up!
There aren't enough superlatives to describe Villa Nurtan. If you haven't stayed at John & Ann's house before, I am sure you will now have discovered just how wonderful it is! ….sitting on the veranda of Villa Nurtan hearing the Iman's 'call to prayers' is, for us, part of the wondrousness of Turkey and this Turkey/Orhaniye/Villa Nurtan experience.
I just wanted to let you know that we had a fantastic time last week in Turkey. The villa was excellent and we were well looked after by all your friends and colleagues. As we have enjoyed ourselves so much we would like to book the same week next year.
We've had a great time, your house is superb. We have been coming to Orhaniye for over 10 years and we have enjoyed this stay in Villa Nurtan better than any other. The Villa Nurtan is truly wonderful and a testimony to the effort you, and your team must have put in to create it.
The villa and surrounding valley are absolutely beautiful. …the valley is stunning and the villa a fantastic design providing plenty of space, sun and shelter.
We have had the most glorious 2 weeks here and saddened by our departure tomorrow. We honestly do not want to leave!! We thank you profusely for opening your home to us and for all the kind, generous and thoughtful touches and comforts of your "home away from home". We have loved every minute, and have such fond memories that will last a lifetime.
Very nice villa, just as described on the website. Quite rural, although that's just what we were looking for. Very peaceful and relaxing, nothing to disturb you, no english pubs/bars, no nightclubs, just an oasis of peace and tranquility. Bliss.
We had a fantastic holiday in Orhaniye and your beautiful villa, you have certainly thought of every thing that we would need to make a very comfortable stay in villa Lale. The Turkish people, especially the neighbours are really friendly. We will be thinking of returning again, hopefully next year.
If ever there was an advert for the pleasure of a more rural and relaxed way of life this is it. Thanks for discovering this idyllic spot and then sharing it with others! Can't wait to recharge our batteries again next year.
We had a wonderful week at Villa Nurtan: you have created a very beautiful place. We were very happy with our stay, and would happily recommend Villa Nurtan to our friends.
The Villa was excellent and in a really beautiful location, we can certainly see the attraction of Turkey and especially this particular location. You have certainly thought of everything when it comes to the 'home from home' features and the appliances, as the cook I couldn't see anything that was missing from the kitchen.
What an amazing place and what a wonderful week! The villa was just awesome and was a great base to explore an unspoilt, quiet part of Turkey. We were able to walk straight from the villa into stunning hills with their green forests and the Mediterranean is only ten minutes away in the other direction.
This is a beautiful villa and everything is perfect. The pool is amazing, the locals are welcoming, the food's delicious and the scenery is unbelievable.
Well what can we say … beautiful villa, wonderful location, great support team – what else would you want?
We have to say it was wonderful to stop in your villa. It is quite superb in terms of quality and location. the pool was just the place to dive into after a strenuous morning reading and tasting the local "EFES".
We are having a GREAT time – FANTASTIC. Although this is our second visit we still marvel at how everything works, having stayed in a few villas around the world, as I am sure you have, you know what I mean. The kitchen for example is superb. ….Oh yes, and I suppose it is only a formality, we are having a FANTASTIC time – don't plan on going anywhere else ever!
We had a wonderful time and as you predicted we didn't really want to leave. Everyone was very helpful and welcoming and I know we will be back again in the future. You have a beautiful villa and it was the best holiday we've had in years.
The website doesn't do justice to the villa. It was everything we were hoping it would be and more. Only 25 minutes from Marmaris, but might as well have been 1,000 miles. The countryside is so peaceful and the local villages so picturesque, just what is needed to unwind and recharge the batteries.
A magical villa in an exceptional village with the most glorious people, I would recommend this beautiful villa to anyone looking for that special holiday experience.
Villa Nurtan far exceeded our expectations…To enjoy such a beautiful house, Orhaniye and the warmth of the local people was a wonderful experience. The gardens are beautiful. We particularly enjoyed the chlorine free waters of the pool. We've had a lovely, lovely holiday…
I have been to lots of villas in lots of countries and Villa Lale ranks number one – it is a seriously beautiful villa in a stunning location and absolutely everything is provided for the perfect holiday. Oh and the weather is pretty damn good too!
A Spotlessly clean villa in a fantastic garden setting. It had every amenity we could wish for, and lots of ones that we didn't expect. The pool was a great temperature and very refreshing, being free from chlorine, and the barbecue area was excellent. I will definitely recommend your villas to others.
What an awesome place!I felt like a king being able to return to Villa Nurtan after being out for the day. The quality of the whole place is incredible!In between relaxing I was busy taking photos to send back home (to gloat about where I was!). An amazing place that I cannot wait to return to. I'd recommend it to anyone! It truly is a luxury villa!
This was a wonderful holiday , 'Just brilliant ' said our son. The villa,coast and landscape were lovely but what made it particularly special for us were the close and friendly links with local people and the community that are part of what John has built.
Thank you so much for the opportunity to stay in this beautiful place and for the special touches you provided in the villa. We look forward to staying again soon!
What a stunning place! A wonderful villa set in the heart of breathtakingly beautiful scenery.
Thank you so much for such a fantastic holiday. You villa is absolutely stunning as is the surrounding village. I can honestly say that I don't think I've ever been as relaxed in my life! Our whole 'Turkey Experience' has been one which will live long in the memory.
Thank you for a wonderful week in Orhaniye. You seem to have thought of everything. Local knowledge of how to enjoy yourself, a really comfortable villa, all mod cons and a lovely pool.We would recommend it to anyone. hope to return in the future to sample more of your excellent hospitality.
Villa Anni was perfect and we really enjoyed it. I thought the amount of care you have put into furnishing it shone through and makes the holiday even more enjoyable. Thanks and well done on achieving such beautiful villas in keeping with the surroundings. Loved the village and the people are so friendly and kind.
Perfect villa, perfect location, perfect holiday…
A stunning villa that lived up to the photographs and the excellent information provided on the website. To have knowledgeable and friendly locals on hand to provide advice when required enabled us to make even better use of Villa Nurtan and the stunning locality.
A perfect villa in a beautiful, unspoilt part of rural Turkey. Everything was so perfect. Very easy to book and then sit back and do no more except get to the airport. Highly recommended.
When we saw the villa being built last year we thought that it would be something special – and it is! What a team you have assembled! The guided tour was so helpful. Then we explored the 'welcome pack' and the furnishings and were almost awestruck by the thought put into them.
A marvellous holiday – flew by too quickly!Superb villa extremely comfortable with everything you could wish for. We spent a very relaxing time by the pool or on the verandah, enjoying glorious weather. We really felt like part of the village community – very friendly people.