text:
As a child, Jorge Tume used to sit and do homework as his parents cleaned the desks and floors of a concrete company in Miami. When he was done, he'd take out the trash and help finish cleaning.
Tume's parents brought him to the U.S. from Peru with his younger brother when he was 12. They came on tourist visas and then stayed in the country illegally when their visas expired.
After he graduated from high school, Tume had few job prospects. So he did what his parents did: Cleaned offices, washed cars and picked up odd jobs. Now, one year after President Barack Obama announced that young people brought to the country as children and living in the U.S. illegally would be allowed to stay and work if they met certain criteria, Tume's life looks decidedly different: He's behind a computer filing notices for liens at the concrete company he once helped his parents clean.
"I know every corner of this office, this building," said Tume, 21. "I used to see other people do the job that I'm doing now. And I'm sitting here now working."
Nearly 300,000 young adults previously living illegally in the United States have been granted permission to stay and work through the program, one of the most significant shifts in immigration policy in recent decades. Some 200,000 more have submitted applications. For those immigrants, the last year has been a sort of delayed coming of age: Leaning how to drive, getting a license and landing a first job that's not off the books.
"Now I feel like I'm actually a member of the community like everyone else," said Frida Ulloa, a 24-year-old student at Florida International University, who came to the U.S. from Peru as a teenager to see her ill father and never went back.
The Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals allows immigrants brought to the U.S. illegally as children to obtain work permits for two years, which then are eligible for renewal. To qualify, they must show that they came to America before their 16th birthday, and were 30 or younger when the policy was announced on June 15, 2012. They must also either be in school, have graduated from high school or served in the military. And they can't have a serious criminal record or pose a threat to public safety or national security.
With a work permit and Social Security number, they can drive in most states, open a bank account and in some states, pay in-state college tuition.
"The life that I live now is easier than it was before," said Tume, who used to take a 45-minute bus ride to get to work. Now he drives and arrives within 15 minutes.
The policy change came after years of advocacy by students and lawmakers in support of the so-called DREAM Act, which would have provided a path to citizenship for thousands of young immigrants in the country illegally. Efforts to pass it in Congress have repeatedly failed.
Lawmakers are currently debating a comprehensive immigration reform that would chart a 13-year road to citizenship for the estimated 11 million immigrants in the country illegally.
The program does not lead to residency or citizenship, but it also spares these immigrants from the threat of deportation. When Obama announced it last year, critics accused him of pandering to Latino voters a few months before the presidential election.
"I think that deferred action gave us the opportunity to not be scared," Ulloa said.
After years of babysitting and other short-term, low-paying jobs, Ulloa landed a full-time job with benefits related to her field of study: She's the Florida organizer for United We Dream, a youth immigrant advocacy organization.
"I think that's one of the biggest gifts of deferred action," she said. "The fact I can be eager about graduation and know I'm actually able to use my degree."
Deferred action hasn't, however, solved many of the challenges Ulloa and others still face. A handful of Republican-led states have blocked basic benefits for the program, denying recipients identification cards, driver's licenses, access to health care, in-state tuition for college, student financial aid and even college admission.
Karen Mantilla, 19, has finally been able to cross some of the milestones her peers passed years ago. After being approved for deferred action, she got a learner's permit and a job at a vegetarian restaurant in Bay Shore, N.Y. But unlike many of her classmates, she won't be going straight to college after high school.
Mantilla, who was born in Colombia, was brought into the U.S. illegally as a child. She cannot apply for state or federal aid and can't afford tuition. She plans to work and then attend a community college next year instead.
"From the time I was very young, my family said, 'You have to go to college. You have to make something better of yourself,'" Mantilla said. "Not being able to directly enroll in the fall semester of this year is very difficult."
The number of young adults applying for deferred action has also been much less than expected. The government had estimated 1 million would apply in the first year, but less than half that number has so far.
Kamal Essaheb, an immigration policy attorney with the National Immigration Law Center, said getting information out about the program, particularly to rural communities, is one challenge. It's also possible the total number of eligible immigrants may be lower than the initial estimates, which ranged from 800,000 to 1.7 million. Still, the biggest hurdle is the fee.
It costs $465 to file an application, and for young adults already squeezed trying to help their families and pay college tuition, that can be prohibitive, or at least delay their petition.
"Whenever I go to clinics over the last few months, I always ask applicants, 'What took you this long to apply?'" said Essaheb. "And the number one response I get is the money."
Those who apply today are facing longer processing times; the initial applicants received their notification of approval in as quickly as a month. Now it takes about six months, according to federal data.
Tume received his approval in October. A month later, he got a call from a manager at the Central Concrete SuperMix company where he and his brother still cleaned in the evenings. The boss wanted to know if Tume could see himself working in the offices, not just cleaning them.
"I said, 'Yes, I'd be happy to,'" Tume said.
For young immigrants, a delayed coming of age
As a child, Jorge Tume used to sit and do homework as his parents cleaned the desks and floors of a concrete company in Miami. When he was done, he'd take out the trash and help finish cleaning.


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If you're thinking of writing off your brand-new boat as a business expense because a client helped you pick the color, think again. Tax professionals, and IRS agents, are well-versed in wacky ideas when it comes to deductions.
The Wall Street Journal's Rachel Louise Ensign helpfully rounds up some of the zaniest, and explains why some work and others don't.
"How do I value a taxidermy I donated to charity? (It can involve estimating stuffing and mounting costs)," she relates. "I'm putting a swimming pool in this year, I'm going to use it for exercise, can I deduct it as a medical expense? (Likely not.) What if my neighbor gives me a cow in exchange for help building a barn? (You must report the fair market value of that cow as ordinary income.)"
Here's a sampling of some of the more common, but still offbeat, questions that tax experts receive:
1. Can I deduct my pet?
There are rare circumstances where a pet may qualify for a tax deduction if you itemize, Ensign notes.
"If your pet is a service animal for a disability that you have, the cost of buying, training and maintaining the animal may qualify as a medical expense. This typically includes vet visits, grooming and food, according to the Internal Revenue Service."
However, she adds a big caveat: "You can only deduct medical expenses that exceed 7.5% of your adjusted gross income in 2012 (the threshold is 10% for 2013 for most people)."
2. Can I claim my boyfriend or girlfriend as a dependent?
"Claiming a dependent reduces your taxable income. Dependents can be family members and individuals who aren't family members, but meet criteria."
To claim a nonrelative as a dependent, she explains, that person has to live in your home for the full tax year and make less than $3,800 in gross income during that time. You also generally must provide more than half of the person's financial support, among other criteria.
3. l left a bag of clothes at Goodwill. What's stopping me from saying it's worth $10,000 and deducting that amount?
Short answer—Big Brother. Ensign notes the IRS has documentation rules for these kinds of donations that vary depending on their value.
"If an item or group of similar items donated is worth more than $5,000, you typically have to obtain, among other things, a qualified written appraisal of the item or items donated."
4. My doctor said that I need to lose weight. Can I deduct my gym membership?
You only qualify if you need to lose weight because of a specific, doctor-diagnosed disease, she writes, citing tax experts.
"The only costs that would then qualify as medical expenses would have to be specific to your weight-loss regimen. So a so-called general-use item, such as a gym membership, wouldn't pass muster, but a specific weight-loss program would. Again, you can only deduct medical expenses once they exceed 7.5% of your adjusted gross income for 2012."
5. I bought a tricked-out new computer, which I partially use for my studies. Is it covered under education tax breaks?
"The Lifetime Learning Credit and American Opportunity Tax Credit allow students and parents to subtract a certain percentage of educational expenses from their tax bill," Ensign writes.
But whether a computer qualifies depends on where you go to school, she concludes.
"You can put a laptop's cost toward these credits only if the device is formally required by a school or degree program. You'll want a receipt for the purchase and documentation of the school's requirement."
Check out these related stories:

subset: commoncrawl


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text:
The island of Föhr is located in the north-western part of Schleswig-Holstein. The 45-minute mini-cruise from Dagebüll-Mole to Föhr, past the Hallig islands on the glistening Wadden Sea, is the ideal way to slip into holiday mode.
The cruise passes through the Schleswig-Holstein Wadden Sea National Park, a remarkable habitat for 10,000 different species of plant and animal. The national park has had UNESCO World Natural Heritage status since 2009 thanks to the Wadden Sea's unique ecosystem. Holidaymakers can live by the rhythm of the tides, experiencing how this constant ebb and flow magically transforms and reinvents the landscape around them.
Arriving on Föhr, on the southern side of Wyk's ferry terminal, visitors are greeted by a 15-kilometre stretch of sandy beach – sheer paradise for water sports enthusiasts. Wyk is the oldest seaside resort on Schleswig-Holstein's North Sea coast. Föhr itself is Germany's second-largest North Sea island, at 82.82 square kilometres. Its many onshore attractions, suited both to active breaks and relaxation holidays, include wellness, thalassotherapy, golf and tennis. Föhr is a lush island, whose sheltered climate – protected from the wind by the islands of Amrum and Sylt – has enabled a huge diversity of plant species to flourish. In addition to the island's hotels, visitors have the choice of staying in traditional Frisian houses with flower-filled gardens.
For those interested in local history and culture, a visit to the Frisian Museum is a must. The western part of the island belonged to the kingdom of Denmark until as late as 1864. The Biikebrennen bonfires, an early highlight in Föhr's annual events calendar, unite local culture and traditions, both old and new. This ancient Frisian custom sees the islanders welcome in the spring and drive away the winter.
Dvi naudingos klavišų kombinacijos, skirtos keisti mastelį naršyklėje:
Didinti: +
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Daugiau informacijos rasite naršyklės leidėjo žinyne paspaudę šią piktogramą:


text:
Saturday, January 23, 2010
A Spinach and Feta Pie Fit for a Diva
Besides, if I've said it once, I've said it a thousand times…if it's shaped like a triangle and you can eat it, it's pie (reminder: all comments are moderated).
When I hear, "omelet," I think eggs, but while there are a dozen of those here, it's just not the star of the show. That would be the spinach, and lots of it. I put a whole pound of fresh spinach in this, and when it was done baking, the eggs had gone from headlining diva to backup singer. And not even the hot backup singer they always put in the first row of the chorus – that was the feta cheese.
This spinach and feta pie may remind you of spanakopita, that delicious Greek phyllo-wrapped pastry which is stuffed with a very similar filling. In fact, as delicious as this was, part of me wished I were also biting into those crisp, buttery, flakes.
At the beginning of the video, you'll see I already have the spinach cooked. I was positive I had done an old video for creamed spinach in which I showed the simple technique I used to wilt the greens. Do any of you old timers remember that clip? I was going to link to it to show you, but it's nowhere to be found.
Anyway, simply put a large stockpot over high heat, toss in a chunk of butter (let your conscience be your guide), throw in the spinach, cover, and wait one minute. Uncover and toss with a wooden spoon until it's just barely wilted, then drain as you see in the video.
This spinach and feta pie makes a nice breakfast, of course, but could also be served as a side dish sitting next to some braised lamb. Hey, that sounds pretty good. Enjoy!
1 pound spinach
1 tablespoons butter to wilt spinach in
6 slices bacon
1/2 onion, diced
12 eggs
salt and freshly ground black pepper to taste
pinch of cayenne
3 oz feta
36 comments:
- soph30 said...
mmm that looks great! Any other cheeses you think would go well in a spinach omelette like that?
- January 23, 2010 at 8:35 PM
(juuust being obnoxious).
Anyway, no you have not posted a creamed spinach recipe/technique. My cardiologist wants an explanation. Me and the Mrs. have dreamed that you'd someday post one, though.
(Incidentally, I finally bought a pork shoulder to go along with my SFQ. So somewhere in the world there is a one shouldered pig. Creepy. I'll report back).
Scott - Boston
- January 23, 2010 at 10:33 PM
I knew I could count on you! Let it be known that Chef John does not cower from a Double Dog Dare. This is a great recipe and just healthy enough...full of spinach!
Thank ya, I will definitely make this.
- January 23, 2010 at 10:57 PM
I hope you ate that saturated paper towel full of bacon fat after you shot this.
- January 24, 2010 at 3:55 AM
- Basia said...
Happy Pie Day! (Pi day isn't until March 14, obvs!)
But, I have a question. This looks amazingly yummy, but suspiciously like a frittata, no?
Off to make breakfast pie!
- January 24, 2010 at 9:15 AM
This is a perfect protein dish-thanks and I can't wait to try it. Love all your recipes.
- January 24, 2010 at 10:34 AM
- ydcc said...
Awww you made this just for me? Mr. Food Wishes you shouldn't have!!! Stop by my blogette kitchen sometimes, we need more testosterone!
- January 24, 2010 at 11:57 AM
- Chef John said...
frittata? yes, u can call it that, it just semantics really.
- January 24, 2010 at 12:53 PM
- Chef John said...
Scott, actually you were 2nd, but hey, we don't keep you around here for your math skills ;-) Enjoy the SFQ!
- January 24, 2010 at 12:56 PM
- Chef John said...
soph, any cheese ever made will work, whatever u like.
- January 24, 2010 at 12:57 PM
Would it make any difference if I use 6 eggs instead of 12?
- January 24, 2010 at 12:59 PM
- Healthy and Homemade said...
You make everything seem so easy, I've never liked Spanikopita but it seems like I'd really like this. Mainly because spinach is good with butter, and eggs and bacon are heavenly. I might give this a shot! =)
- January 24, 2010 at 2:34 PM
- ghanima said...
This looks fantastic! I'm always happy to add dishes to my brunch repertoire, and this looks like the perfect next-candidate. Thanks!
- January 24, 2010 at 3:22 PM
- Chef John said...
with 6 eggs it would only be half as eggy. wouldnt be the same, imo
- January 24, 2010 at 3:25 PM
I see that you're familiar with the symbolism that D H Lawrence used.
- January 24, 2010 at 5:54 PM
- Unknown said...
Hi Chef John! You just watered my mouth with that pie video. Unfortunately i can't eat spinach. What would you recommend as a replacement?
- January 24, 2010 at 5:54 PM
- Chef John said...
chard, arugula, but those have a much stronger flavor
- January 24, 2010 at 6:02 PM
- teenagemeal said...
Mmmm give me that on I got so hungry from these pictures
- January 25, 2010 at 2:54 AM
- Henry said...
This seems like it would be impossible to get out of the pan. Got any tricks?
- January 25, 2010 at 7:21 AM
- DesrAw said...
I made this today. It was really really good, and it fills up your stomach pretty fast!
- January 25, 2010 at 5:23 PM
This was so quick and easy! Being single I just cut the recipe in half, used my smaller cookware, and invited a neighbor over for lunch. They were very impressed... and hungry! I'm not a feta fan so I substituted asiago cheese and it turned out great.
There's so much here I want to try that I'm tempted to take a day off work and cook all day. My boss wouldn't be happy but my neighbors would!
- January 26, 2010 at 1:35 AM
I'm a college student and I love trying out your recipes all the time! They are so convenient and just so easy to make. All your dishes have become my favorites, I've never been disappointed by a single recipe, thanks for making my hectic college life easier and tastier!!!
- January 26, 2010 at 12:34 PM
- Chef John said...
i had no problem getting the slice out without sticking
- January 27, 2010 at 1:14 AM
- Rita said...
this looks so good! i am, definitely, making it this weekend.
by the way, ever since i found out about your dinner roll from food.about.com (i think, a year or two ago) - my husband loves it! we don't buy dinner rolls, anymore. sometimes, i even add rosemary (or other herbs) in it. i'm making it again, tonite!
- January 27, 2010 at 7:17 AM
- Lilian said...
Hi, the recipe sounds great. I'm thinking of making this for my vegetarian friend. Will it taste just as good without the bacon? If i omit the bacon can I add more cheese on top or what other substituitions are there?
- April 28, 2010 at 11:32 PM
- Chef John said...
there is NO sub for bacon, but you can try some very well browned shiitake mushrooms.
- April 29, 2010 at 3:31 AM
- cookinmom said...
OK, so we don't have bacon like most people at the moment and it's clear that there is NO sub, but I do have sausage and ham. Should I go for it??
- April 16, 2013 at 4:22 PM
- Chef John said...
- April 16, 2013 at 6:16 PM
- cookinmom said...
Yup!! It was excellent!! Used sausage. Fresh spinach and onion from the garden. Can't say fresh eggs as no chickens. :0) TKS
- April 16, 2013 at 6:44 PM
- cookinmom said...
Hey yo!! I believe the feta is missing from you ingredient list!! :0)
- April 16, 2013 at 10:16 PM
- Chef John said...
It's actually the last ing! But thanks! Its hidden by pin button!
- April 16, 2013 at 11:11 PM
- KatieC said...
Hi, Chef John.
Yellow onion or white onion for this recipe? Does it matter, and if so, why?
- June 18, 2013 at 8:41 PM
- Chef John said...
doesn't matter! Enjoy!
- June 18, 2013 at 9:01 PM
- Unknown said...
And 5 is way out!
- August 19, 2013 at 12:15 PM
- Unknown said...
Would any/all of these be worthy additions?
- cumin
- nutmeg
- finely diced red pepper
- February 9, 2014 at 1:22 PM
- Tom_MacIver said...
i don't have a broiler I can use for this one, Chef John? Any oven alternatives you recommend?
- September 30, 2018 at 1:46 PM


text:
When I was first learning to program, PCs were expensive and unreliable devices. Due to the cost of PCs at the time, I recognized that the best way to have the PC I wanted was to assemble it from scratch. Every few years, I went out in search of the latest, screaming CPU, a new motherboard, as much RAM as I could afford, bigger drives, and a more powerful graphics card. Then, a weekend that I looked forward to with relish would be spent creating my next wonder-box. Next came the long process of reloading the OS, and finally, the apps and tools. When all was said and done, I had a newer, faster machine. But I was exhausted, rather than exhilarated.
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After several cycles of this over the years, I finally realized that building my own PC was an enormous time sink that paid few real dividends. By then, PCs had dropped in price and become much more reliable. Intelligence prevailed, and since that moment of clarity, I have purchased all subsequent systems and saved a lot of time and aggravation in the process.
My journey matches that of many developers who have been looking at cloud solutions. Having hacker hearts, we naturally gravitate to the IaaS model, which rents out a barebones virtual machine adorned with only an OS, generally Linux. There, the painful process of building something useful begins: Let's make it serve a Web app. So, add Apache; configure that. Add MySQL; configure that. Add the scripting language (let's say Python); configure that. Add the logic; configure that. Then, wire these components together and test like there's no tomorrow. This process, is known informally as "yak shaving."
It can take a few days of unpleasant work looking up settings and details on the Web to get this configuration right. But we're not nearly done. If this VM will need to scale or be cloned for use in a cluster, then additional layers of software infrastructure need to be added. Even more, if it needs to hook into caches and load balancers. All of a sudden, you've become a system builder and administrator all so that you can finally start cutting some code. If I wanted to go down this path, I'd have kept building PCs and would have put away my IDE.
Enterprises see the same problem. Amazon Web Services are now so complicated to use and configure at scale despite the availability of preconfigured templates that they've become a subdiscipline unto themselves. Companies look to clouds for relief, rather than added complexity. And as a result, the tide is moving away from IaaS to PaaS Platform as a Service to get the benefits with much less of the hassle. In the PaaS model, the cloud instance comes with bundled services that are added as menu picks, but are properly configured for each other (and for other services) when the instance is spun up.
For programmers, a classic example of a useful PaaS solution is CloudBees. You can spin up a VM that has Java installed, and the default continuous integration server, Jenkins, running. Of course, it has SCMs installed, too (GitHub and Subversion). And once you're done building and testing on the CloudBees instance, you can deploy the app to other cloud services. CloudBees charges only for the time you're using the instance, so if you do such a build only at end of day, you spin up the machine then, and spin it back down when you're done. How long would it take you to set up an instance yourself, test all the components, make sure it scales, and so on? PaaS works.
For enterprises, there are many PaaS options: Microsoft Windows Azure, Google App Engine, and a host of smaller vendors. Among the niche vendors, one called Apprenda highlights some unique benefits. Its PaaS can provide multitenancy for hosted apps. So, for example, if you're an enterprise customer and you want a single instance of a hosted Oracle DBMS to be shared across several apps that need to be isolated from each other, you have a huge administration problem facing you if you set this up from an IaaS. Apprenda's PaaS software handles this fairly common problem transparently. It sets up the DBMS so that each app thinks it is the only user, while in fact, the DBMS is shared. However, no app can see other apps' data nor view the larger, complete DBMS. Without this kind of support unavailable in an IaaS implementation each app would need its own database instance.
There are many kinds of PaaS options coming to market each addressing a different set of needs; many of them catering to facilitating the cloud experience within the enterprise walls. What is clear is that PaaS products are increasingly a solution of choice and IaaS is simply becoming a provider of bare systems for PaaS solutions to consume, rather than competing with them.
— Andrew Binstock
Editor in Chief
[email protected]
Twitter: platypusguy


text:
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Separate Indexes From Tables, Some Thoughts Part 1.5 (Think For Yourself) April 23, 2008Posted by Richard Foote in Oracle General, Oracle Indexes, Oracle Myths, Tablespace Management.
Based on the discussions on whether there's any performance benefit in storing indexes separately from tables, I've had a number of questions on how can one actually determine exactly how an index range scan is performed. How for example can one determine whether an index I/O is following by a table I/O in a serial manner.
I thought therefore it might be worth going through an example of the process one can use to find these things out for oneself. This is the same basic process I use to determine much of Oracle's internal behaviour. Simply take an extended trace of the specific operation and study the resultant trace file …
First step is to create a sample table. The table and index doesn't need to be particularly sophisticated, simple is usually best:
SQL> create table bowie_test (id number, value number, name varchar(20)) tablespace bowie_ts parallel 1;
Table created.
SQL> create index bowie_test_id_i on bowie_test(id) tablespace users parallel 1;
Index created.
SQL> create index bowie_test_value_i on bowie_test(value) tablespace users parallel 1;
Index created.
The first index will be an index on a monotonically increasing value, the second index is on a randomly generated value. Notice the indexes have been created in a separate tablespace to the table so we can easily determine the associated data files.
We next need to just check which data files belong to which tablespace:
SQL> select tablespace_name, file_id from dba_data_files where tablespace_name in ('BOWIE_TS', 'USERS');
Notice how the USERS tablespace which stores the indexes has a data file ID of 4 …
Next we populate the table, the ID column with a monotonically increasing value and the VALUE column with a randomly generated number:
SQL> insert into bowie_test select rownum, dbms_random.value(0,1000000), 'David Bowie' from dual connect by level <= 1000000;
1000000 rows created.
SQL> commit;
Commit complete.
SQL> exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats(ownname=>null, tabname=>'BOWIE_TEST', cascade=>true, estimate_percent=>null, method_opt=>'FOR ALL COLUMNS SIZE 1′);
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
Next, we flush the buffer cache to ensure all subsequent I/Os at least start off by being physical I/Os:
SQL> alter system flush buffer_cache;
System altered.
We now start an extended trace of the subsequent operations in the session:
SQL> set autotrace traceonly
SQL> alter session set events '10046 trace name context forever, level 12';
Session altered.
Now, let's perform a large index range scan, using the random column index. Note we use a hint to ensure the execution plan uses the index:
SQL> SELECT /*+ index(b bowie_test_value_i) */ * FROM bowie_test b WHERE value BETWEEN 100000 and 200000;
99611 rows selected.
Finally, we end the extended trace of the session:
SQL> alter session set events '10046 trace name context off';
Session altered.
Following are sample lines from the generated trace file. Let's begin by looking at the trace file, searching for the query we've just executed:
PARSING IN CURSOR #1 len=99 dep=0 uid=88 oct=3 lid=88 tim=27706931411 hv=2642872055 ad='23a7d548′ sqlid='7aynpuafsf1rr'
SELECT /*+ index(b bowie_test_value_i) */ * FROM bowie_test b WHERE value BETWEEN 100000 and 200000
PARSE #1:c=0,e=12923,p=0,cr=0,cu=0,mis=1,r=0,dep=0,og=1,tim=27706931405
EXEC #1:c=0,e=56,p=0,cr=0,cu=0,mis=0,r=0,dep=0,og=1,tim=27706931577
WAIT #1: nam='SQL*Net message to client' ela= 5 driver id=1413697536 #bytes=1 p3=0 obj#=12446 tim=27706931615
WAIT #1: nam='db file sequential read' ela= 14972 file#=4 block#=23148 blocks=1obj#=80423 tim=27706946845
WAIT #1: nam='db file sequential read' ela= 10979 file#=4 block#=30204 blocks=1obj#=80423 tim=27706957960
WAIT #1: nam='db file sequential read' ela= 33756 file#=4 block#=24802 blocks=1obj#=80423 tim=27706991842
WAIT #1: nam='db file sequential read' ela= 16408 file#=7 block#=121331 blocks=1obj#=80422 tim=27707008593
FETCH #1:c=0,e=77078,p=4,cr=4,cu=0,mis=0,r=1,dep=0,og=1,tim=27707008734
WAIT #1: nam='SQL*Net message from client' ela= 2099 driver id=1413697536 #bytes=1 p3=0 obj#=80422 tim=27707010906
WAIT #1: nam='db file sequential read' ela= 1661 file#=7 block#=123430 blocks=1obj#=80422 tim=27707012707
WAIT #1: nam='SQL*Net message to client' ela= 5 driver id=1413697536 #bytes=1 p3=0 obj#=80422 tim=27707012765
WAIT #1: nam='db file sequential read' ela= 10203 file#=7 block#=120965 blocks=1obj#=80422 tim=27707023006
WAIT #1: nam='db file sequential read' ela= 13488 file#=7 block#=122222 blocks=1obj#=80422 tim=27707036715
WAIT #1: nam='db file sequential read' ela= 16737 file#=7 block#=124918 blocks=1obj#=80422 tim=27707053604
WAIT #1: nam='db file sequential read' ela= 15888 file#=7 block#=120896 blocks=1obj#=80422 tim=27707069597
WAIT #1: nam='db file sequential read' ela= 11684 file#=7 block#=125491 blocks=1obj#=80422 tim=27707081569
Notice how the first 3 physical I/Os are related to the index, the root block, the intermediate branch block and the first leaf block of interest. Note the file number tells us this, as does the obj#. Also notice how each I/O only reads the one block and how each block is random and not consecutive to the previously read blocks (as illustrated by the block# value).
Notice how we next have a whole series of I/Os that correspond to the table. Again we can tell by the different file number and by the new obj#. Notice how they're all also 1 block I/Os and how they're all random, non consecutive physical I/Os. There are actually approximately 150 such table related I/Os until we finally reach the next index related I/O:
WAIT #1: nam='db file sequential read' ela= 8374 file#=4 block#=30216 blocks=1obj#=80423 tim=27708496278
WAIT #1: nam='db file sequential read' ela= 13180 file#=7 block#=122271 blocks=1 obj#=80422 tim=27708509565
WAIT #1: nam='db file sequential read' ela= 13942 file#=7 block#=124230 blocks=1 obj#=80422 tim=27708523576
WAIT #1: nam='db file sequential read' ela= 10766 file#=7 block#=122566 blocks=1 obj#=80422 tim=27708534450
WAIT #1: nam='db file sequential read' ela= 9414 file#=7 block#=124035 blocks=1 obj#=80422 tim=27708543976
WAIT #1: nam='db file sequential read' ela= 10800 file#=7 block#=125604 blocks=1 obj#=80422 tim=27708554874
WAIT #1: nam='db file sequential read' ela= 13215 file#=7 block#=121903 blocks=1 obj#=80422 tim=27708568145
WAIT #1: nam='db file sequential read' ela= 12977 file#=7 block#=124409 blocks=1 obj#=80422 tim=27708581221
WAIT #1: nam='db file sequential read' ela= 13834 file#=7 block#=121260 blocks=1 obj#=80422 tim=27708595150
Notice how this next index block which relates to the next leaf block is only a single block I/O that again is not at all consecutive to the previously read index block. In short, it's just another random I/O.
This is then again followed by a whole series of randomly accessed table related blocks.
This whole sequence is then repeated many times for a whole series of different index leaf block, none of which are consecutive to the previously read index blocks. Here are a few of the following index related blocks reads, in between each we had a whole series of table related I/Os:
WAIT #1: nam='db file sequential read' ela= 16580 file#=4 block#=26300 blocks=1 obj#=80423 tim=27709706388
WAIT #1: nam='db file sequential read' ela= 13769 file#=4 block#=30113 blocks=1 obj#=80423 tim=27711127979
WAIT #1: nam='db file sequential read' ela= 12267 file#=4 block#=16476 blocks=1 obj#=80423 tim=27712662102
WAIT #1: nam='db file sequential read' ela= 7692 file#=4 block#=30603 blocks=1 obj#=80423 tim=27713801853
Note that the next "logical" block in an index structure is not necessarily the next "physical" block in the index segment. None of these are consecutive, they're all effectively random Index related I/Os …
The fact all these I/Os are performed in this specific, serial sequence and the fact all these I/Os are effectively random is one of the main reasons why separating indexes from tables makes no real difference to performance.
That and the fact of course that while this select was being performed, there were concurrently a whole series of other I/Os being requested at the same time by all the other concurrent sessions in this database environment that potentially conflicted with the I/O requests in my session.
I'll leave it to the reader to perform the same tests again with the monotonically increasing index to see how things can be somewhat different for well clustered indexes. However, contention between sessions and different processes still makes separating indexes in these more promising scenarios ultimately futile as well.
- 1. Claudia Zeiler - April 23, 2008
Thank you, Richard, for making the obscure internals so crystal clear.
- 3. santosh - April 26, 2008
Hi Richard,
I am an entry level DBA and I really love to read all your topics covering on
various aspects of oracle(internals). Your expert knowledge on oracle topics which you post here motivates and inspires me to learn more about oracle. Thank you very much for all the hard work you do to keep this blog very interesting to read.
- 5. Brian Tkatch - April 28, 2008
Richard, thanx for this example. I just tried it myself. Wonderful stuff.


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The Investment Company Institute released on Thursday a pair of studies that show how far investors have come from the 2008 financial crisis.
A major indicator of how much better off savers are is their account balance, and IRA and 401(k) balances are looking much better than they were a few years ago, the studies found.
The study, "IRA Investor Profile: Traditional IRA Investors' Activity, 2007–2011," found that by 2011, IRA account balances for anyone younger than 70 were back up to their precrisis levels.
In 2007, the average account balance for investors between 25 and 59 was $53,620. After a steep drop in 2008, it climbed steadily to $57,550 in 2011.
The average balance for investors between 60 and 69 followed the same trajectory: $138,860 in 2007, increasing to $143,560 in 2011.
The oldest investors had a rougher ride. Their average balance in 2007 was over $186,000. After the 2008 drop-off, they started a slow climb, but 2010 saw another drop, falling from almost $171,000 to $164,230 in 2011.
IRI noted the seemingly less successful recovery in older participants' account balances was likely to due to withdrawals. "Compared with the younger groups of traditional IRA investors," according to the report, "these traditional IRA investors had almost no contribution activity (indeed, for most of them during most of the time analyzed they would not have been allowed to contribute), lower rates of rollover activity and much higher rates of withdrawal activity (since they were generally required to take withdrawals)."
Following the recession, the number of investors who were contributing to IRAs dropped, falling from 10.4% of investors in 2008 to 9% in 2011. Rollover activity slackened, too, with 3.2% of investors rolling over an account in 2011, down from 4.3% in 2008.
"Consistent investors in traditional IRAs largely stayed the course in investing in their traditional IRAs, reacting moderately to financial stresses during and since the financial crisis," Sarah Holden, senior director of retirement and investor research at ICI, said in a statement. "Average account balances generally have bounced back for the consistent investors, and the data show only slight changes in these investors' contribution, rollover and withdrawal rates."
A report released jointly by ICI and the Employee Benefit Research Institute found average balances in 401(k) plans have recovered by almost a quarter. Between 2007 and 2011, balances increased 23.5%, the report found, despite the financial crisis cutting balances by nearly 35% between 2007 and 2008.
"The data confirm that, even through tough economic times, the discipline of 401(k) plans — staying the course by investing and continuing contributions — served savers well," Paul Schott Stevens, ICI president and CEO, said in a statement. "Dollar-cost averaging and putting away money paycheck by paycheck have made a big difference in the bottom line for these savers."
Participants and employers continuing to make contributions to their retirement plans was one factor in the increase, but EBRI/ICI found investment gains and reduced loan activity also contributed to the increase.
However, plans that received consistent contributions performed better than those benefiting only from better markets and fewer loans. Participants who contributed consistently had average account balances 60% higher at the end of 2011 than the average balance for all participants in the EBRI/ICI 401(k) database. The median balance for the consistent group was more than twice the median balance for the entire database.
Interestingly, younger participants with smaller initial balances saw more growth than older participants with larger initial balances. "The percent change in average account balance of participants in their 20s was heavily influenced by the relative size of their contributions to their account balances and increased at a compound average rate of 41% per year between year-end 2007 and year-end 2011."
Check out Evensky's 10 Tips for Retirement Success on ThinkAdvisor.


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Here is a list of TWI'LEK action figures in our system.
Filter Applied: Show All Figures Figure Pictures: Front
We recommend getting your figures from Entertainment Earth. They have been in business for over 20 years, they have a mint guarantee and understand collector's needs. Many of the figures on J.B. came from EE (yes, we pay for figures just like you) and always had a great experience. It's definitely worth to look at Entertainment Earth's Star Wars section!.


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Spend $100 and Save $20 on apparel instore and online Conditions apply
Save $20 when you spend $100 or more on men's, women's and children's and baby apparel, instore or online at bigw.com.au. Excludes underwear, socks, hosiery, footwear and fashion accessories. Exclusions also apply to products supplied on the BIG W website by third party sellers, which can be identified by clicking on the "Sold By" link on the product page.
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Perhaps the best financial planning lesson I've ever seen was back in 1984 when entrepreneur Ross Perot (who later became an Independent Party presidential candidate) sold the company he founded in 1962, Electronic Data Systems, to General Motors for $2.5 billion in cash. Perot subsequently revealed that he invested his entire $2 billion-plus after-tax gain in a portfolio comprised entirely of triple-tax-free muni bonds, saying: "I don't like filing tax returns, and besides, how much money do you need to live on?"
I think about Perot's portfolio whenever the subject of risk tolerance tests comes up. I've never been a big fan of these tests for two reasons. For one thing, it seems unlikely that clients sitting in a nice office on a sunny day, happy with their new financial advisor and full of optimism about their financial plan, will be able to accurately assess what they'll be feeling after a 30% drop in their portfolio. (In fact, a couple of years ago, research by John Grable and Sonya Brill at Kansas State University showed that men's risk tolerance mysteriously soars when the financial planner across the desk is an attractive woman. Go figure.)
More importantly, it's always seemed to me there is only one rational answer to the question, "How much risk do you want to take in your retirement portfolio?" Which is: "As little as possible to still meet my financial obligations and reach my goals." As it turns out, we old dogs really can learn a new trick or two (if you can get us to stop sticking our heads out of the car window). Case in point: I recently had two enlightening conversations that have brought me around on risk tolerance tests, if you keep in mind that they're not really about testing risk tolerance.
The first conversation to grab my attention was when Geoff Davey, cofounder and director of FinaMetrica Ltd. in Sydney, said: "The standard built around suitability in the United States is the worst in world. Well, maybe behind Canada. A group of academics recently studied the roots of advice that had been deemed unsuitable: More than half had resulted from the use of a risk tolerance test."
Strange talk from a guy who creates risk tolerance tests for a living. He explained: "In the '70s and early '80s, advice was given on the basis of what story brokers had to tell about the product they were trying to push. Most clients ended up with eclectic portfolios. Then MPT came along with optimized and efficient portfolios, and created a new question: How did brokers sell each fund? Risk questionnaires were invented to create a story, with no validity at all."
Validity is something Davey takes very seriously. Typically, to create a FinaMetrica risk questionnaire with 25 questions, he starts with about 150 questions and then tests them: His most recent risk test took two years to compile. "First, we trial the questions against a population for understandability and answerability," he explained. "Anything with a technical term, even 'bonds,' people didn't like. They didn't get it when we quoted potential range of returns in numbers, either. Once we get a set of questions with high usability, we do a statistical analysis to see if questions actually differentiate people: whether they elicit a range of answers or do they tend to fall into one or two groups. Our test sorts clients into seven risk groups, but it's not an even distribution: It's like clothing, with more in the middle."
While the methodology is interesting to a nerd like me, so is how Davey intends the results to be used by advisors. "Our system turns the whole business from a compliance risk management chore to a relationship-building opportunity," he said. "The report provides trigger points for discussions with clients. For instance, we left in an insurance question, even though we think it depends as much on knowledge as risk tolerance. So don't score it, but advisors can use it to start a conversation." According to Davey, his reports help advisors have better conversations with new clients, so the clients become better "connected" to the advice, and trade-off decisions are better documented. (I knew he'd throw the compliance angle in there somewhere.)
However, he also said risk tolerance really isn't the point: "The advice process might not even use the tolerance that comes out," he said. "If the client says any drop in portfolio value will make them uncomfortable, the advisor will have a conversation and come to a compromise solution, or just lower the risk group." The final question he asks clients is to predict their risk score: If there's a big difference, that leads to another conversation.
While Davey agreed that it is hard for clients to predict their reactions to loss, the conversations that his reports initiate help advisors get a better understanding of clients' true feelings and help the clients gain a better understanding of how their portfolio is created to manage risk. His results bear this out: "We found during the Great Recession that 95% of our advisors' clients didn't bail."
The other conversation that I had took this concept of managing client behavior to the next level. Steve Atkinson is executive vice president and head of advisor relations at Loring Ward, an asset manager with $8.7 billion in AUM from clients of RIAs and independent reps. Working with advisors to help their clients make better investment decisions is a hallmark of Loring Ward, which lists both Meir Statman, renowned professor of behavioral economics at Santa Clara University, and Nobel Laureate Harry Markowitz on its advisory staff and investment committee. According to Atkinson, Loring Ward's client risk assessment is a major part of its program.
"We believe that you don't solve human behavior: You manage it," Atkinson told me. "An advisor's biggest value is to manage the clients, not the portfolio. That includes managing portfolios with an eye toward the risk clients are willing to take. The smartest allocation in the world doesn't help much if a client doesn't stay with it."
At Loring Ward, they also use client risk assessments to help start the conversation about risk. "Our approach is to let the client know that their advisor hears them and their concerns. It's not about bonds or interest rates; they are afraid they aren't going to meet their goals or have enough money. So we teach advisors to create portfolios the client can see are designed around both the risk they are comfortable with and the growth they need to have."
Atkinson believes it's all about how an advisor talks to his or her clients. For instance, when advisors ask, "How much does this portfolio have to go down before you can't take it anymore?" he suggested that advisors keep it real for clients by putting the figures in dollar terms. "Percentages don't really mean anything to clients," he said. "But if you put it into dollars—say, a $200,000 drop in a $1 million portfolio—that gets their attention, and they are much more likely to give an accurate answer."
Atkinson said that the key to managing clients is to get them to commit to their financial plan and to work with them to stay committed. "That's the advisor's job," he explained. "When clients ask scared questions, an advisor should let them vent. Then let them know that you hear their concerns: 'You're concerned that we may not meet our projections.' Then remind them that in their plan, you took into account random events and the risk they were comfortable with—and that their portfolio is constructed [through automatic rebalancing] to correct based on circumstances."
In 2008, Loring Ward's clients with 60% equity/40% bond allocations saw their portfolios go down 19%. But with their automatic rebalancing in March 2009—the bottom of the market—they rebalanced back into equities and made substantial gains on the way back up. "We had net inflows during '08 and '09," Atkinson said.
So I stand corrected. There does seem to be a role for client risk assessments by advisors who are looking to actually advise their clients: to get clients to talk about how they feel about short-term portfolio losses, to create portfolios that clients will be able to live with, and to remind clients that their portfolio was designed with occasional market declines in mind. I still think that "how much risk do I need to take?" is the key question—but a portfolio that clients will stick with is a better answer.


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Kathleen Hanna On Working Through Illness And Focusing Anger
If you're just joining us, this is WEEKENDS on ALL THINGS CONSIDERED from NPR News. I'm Jacki Lyden. And it's time now for music.
LYDEN: Snarling, raw, utterly compelling. This is the song "Rebel Girl" from the '90s band Bikini Kill. The song is iconic in the Riot Grrrl movement, an offshoot of punk that's openly feminist and encourages girls to come up to the front at shows and on stage.
Bikini Kill broke up in the late '90s. Its front woman, Kathleen Hanna, stopped putting out music for almost a decade as a result of a long illness. Now in her early 40s, she's drawing rave reviews with a new band called The Julie Ruin.
LYDEN: The band evolved out of a solo project that Hanna started around the time Bikini Kill was phasing out.
KATHLEEN HANNA: The kind of emotional reality of the situation was I was really pretty depressed. My band was winding down. They were my family. My band Bikini Kill had been my life for a really long time, and I needed some kind of outlet for all the feelings that I was having of trying to figure out, who am I if I'm not the lead singer of this band?
LYDEN: You know, right out of the gate, the first song on this record, "Oh Come On," is really powerful. It's so upbeat, it's so dancey. The lyrics, though, a little more of an ominous overtone.
LYDEN: You know, I thought: Wow, this really reminds me of what I loved about the power and the rawness and the edge, if you will, of Bikini Kill itself. Were you going back to those ideas?
HANNA: I don't even think I really needed to go back to them. You know, I still feel the pressure of, you know, oh, you're supposed to represent this thing because you're a woman in music. And I think that's really frustrating to any marginalized person who's in a, you know, nontraditional job where it's like you're supposed to represent your entire kind of group of people. And a lot of that frustration came out in that song and also, you know, the conflicting things of being a female performer where people are like, you know, I did a photo shoot recently where someone was like, OK, I want you to look really soft and really pretty but very angry.
And it's just like, how can you be all of these different things? And in that song, I was trying to just write about that, about how in the end all you can do is just, you know, (Laughing) do you.
LYDEN: Let me go back to the album. If there's one favorite - I mean, I'd hate to have to choose, but I've got to say I wanted to be back in some earlier version of my life so that "Girls Like Us" could be my anthem.
LYDEN: Tell me a little bit about how this song came to be. Give me more of the lyrics. What's going on here?
HANNA: You tell me. The lyrics are really kind of random. It's like, girls like us eat salt for breakfast, girls like us stand back to back. They're kind of an anthem for the people who there is no anthem for. You know, it's meant to be kind of a tongue-in-cheek thing of like, we're all different. I thought that song was a really playful way to say there is no girl like us. You know what I mean? There's just as many different kinds of feminism as there are women in the world.
LYDEN: My guest is Kathleen Hanna. She was the front woman for the legendary punk band Bikini Kill. She's going back on the road with her new band, The Julie Ruin.
You were forced to take a long time out. It is your first album in nine years. People were wondering what had happened. And recently, it came to light that you were suffering very seriously from an undiagnosed illness. Would you tell me more about that?
HANNA: Yeah, I have late-stage Lyme disease. And I still, you know, have good days, bad days, good weeks, bad weeks. And I'm still in long-term treatment. It's been a tough nine years. And I didn't think that I would ever be performing again. And that was a very bitter pill to swallow along with the other 84 pills I take every day. (Laughing)
LYDEN: Well, it's always - there's nothing like a brush with mortality to focus the mind, you know, in a very crystalline way. There's a song on this album, "Goodnight Goodbye."
LYDEN: You know, to me, I thought that's almost a song that any of us in midlife could write to our younger selves. Are you on good terms with the woman who started Bikini Kill?
HANNA: I think I am now. I've kind of made peace with the mistakes that I've made and also feeling proud of what I've made. I think that people who are involved in community activism, it's like, don't stand out. We're all equal, you know, especially if you come from a punk rock background that's anti-hierarchy. And I always had this thing of, like, don't be a leader. And I think that fed into me not being able to say: Hey, wait. That was really cool what I did.
I had to, you know, downplay the interesting things that I had made, kind of even to myself. And I'm still as pissed off as ever before. I think I'm just a little bit more directed. I have a better direction for my anger. It's less kind of loosey-goosey all over the place. And I'm more apt to look at a larger world view than just, you know, what's going on inside my apartment building. And now I think both the 21-year-old and the 41-year-old are pretty happy with each other. So...
LYDEN: Kathleen, let's just take this out on one song. Let's talk a little bit about "Run Fast." That seems like a real tribute to you and what you've been through.
HANNA: It's a tribute to my friends from when I was 12 or 13. I really had no idea what that song was going to be about until I just one day in practice started singing it. And it always brings me back to living in the suburbs and having guys yell stuff out of the window of their cars and, you know, riding my bike in Rock Creek Park and doing something so liberating but also feeling afraid.
And to me, it's a really, really personal song. And I was trying to connect feeling that way and then in the end being in a band and taking over the stage and realizing I had to contend with some of the same exact male dominance that had become a creepy force in my life before. You know, I tried to be really honest. It's some adult content in there, so you might not want to have your 5-year-old dancing around to it. But maybe you do.
LYDEN: Kathleen Hanna is the singer and front woman for the group The Julie Ruin. You can hear the band's album "Run Fast" in its entirety at nprmusic.org. Kathleen Hanna, thank you so much and congratulations.
HANNA: Thanks, Jacki.
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The river Saale flows out of the Fichtelgebirge mountains towards the Elbe, lined with castles perched on hilltops, tranquil villages and bustling towns. The 403 km Saale Cycle Route offers fabulous cycling with plenty to see.
The Saale meanders for many miles through a mountainous region of forests, gorges and reservoirs, with a number of steep climbs. But the rewards for your exertion are great: stately residences, castles and ruins sit in splendour on the hills and slopes above the river valley. But there is much more than just fortifications and noble residences to discover on this classic route. Other highlights include the dripstone caves near Saalfeld, salt production plants and the university town of Jena. The Saale- Unstrut vineyards around Naumburg produce high-quality wines that are worth setting down your bike for. The Saale continues through meadows and riverside woods before flowing into the Elbe at Barby.
Terrain: hilly in parts with some challenging climbs. The paths are mainly asphalt or crushed brick/stone; short sections are unsurfaced or cobbled. Mostly free of cars.
Scenery: the middle and upper reaches of the Saale river are dominated by mountains. The route flatten outs from Saalfeld to the Elbe confluence, but hillsides, woods and vineyards remain a feature.
두 가지 유용한 조합(브라우저 확대/축소):
확대: +
축소: +
다음 아이콘을 클릭하여 브라우저 공급자에서 기타 도움말을 받으십시오:


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Grand-Am Road Racing on Jan. 3 announced that veteran road-racing official Paul Walter is the organization's new race director, effective immediately. Grand-Am managing director of racing operations Mark Raffauf, who formerly served as Grand-Am's race director, will now focus on operational and logistical aspects. He will continue to report to Grand-Am managing director of competition, Richard Buck.
Walter, who will also report to Buck, will continue to serve as race director for the American Le Mans Series presented by Tequila Patrón, a job he has held since January 2012. His dual roles will become one in 2014, when the recently merged organizations launch their combined series beginning with the 2014 Rolex 24 at Daytona.
"This is a prime example of using our combined resources to make things happen and build for the future," Buck said. "Paul brings considerable experience and respect, and will serve as a great bridge in the competition area between Grand-Am and the ALMS."
Concurrent with his ongoing stint at the ALMS, Walter has been the race director for the USF2000 open-wheel series since January 2010. He will act as competition director for USF2000 and the Pro Mazda Championship at nonconflicting events during the upcoming season.
He also served as operations manager for Tasman Motorsports Group/Forsythe Racing in the Izod IndyCar Series from 1996-2001. Additionally, Walter was race director of the Formula BMW Series from 2005-2009; operating steward of the ALMS from 2008-2010; chief steward at Historic Motorsports Productions for the 2011 season; clerk of the course for the inaugural U.S. round of the World Touring Car Championship at Sonoma (Calif.) Raceway last September; and deputy clerk of the course for the inaugural Formula One event in November at Circuit of the Americas near Austin, Texas.
"I'm honored to join Grand-Am for this landmark 2013 season," Walter said. "As everyone at Grand-Am and the American Le Mans Series work together in preparation for the future of professional sports-car racing, we have an unprecedented opportunity to share insights and ideas. I'm looking forward to being part of that."


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DETROIT – Acura is replacing its aging TL and TSX sedans with the all-new TLX, which was revealed in prototype form Tuesday at the North American International Auto Show in Detroit.
The goal of the new TLX is to increase the performance of Acura's mid-size sedan. That will be done through either an all-new 2.4-liter four-cylinder engine connected to an eight-speed automatic transmission, or a 3.5-liter V-6 sending power through a nine-speed transmission.
That power will be sent to the road using either an all-wheel-drive system that controls the amount of torque sent to each rear wheel for improved handling, or a front-wheel-drive layout. Both versions will incorporate an all-wheel steering system that moves all four wheels for better control.
Naturally, the car will have a host of technology and luxury features, like a forward collision warning system, adaptive cruise control and blind-spot indicator.
In terms of size, the TLX is not quite as long as the TL, which is nearly 4 inches longer. However, interior room is about the same as the previous car.
To further emphasize the sporty nature of the TLX, Acura also showed a GT racecar version of the TLX in Detroit. The GT car will compete in the Pirelli World Challenge Championship.
The new TLX in street form should be appearing in Acura dealerships this fall.


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- Calcium Pyruvate
- Cellular Fuel
- A Dietary Supplement
- Vegetarian/Vegan
Natural is Better
NOW Foods was founded on the belief that natural is better. They are committed to sourcing the very best natural ingredients for our products, and we choose non-GMO, non-irradiated, and organic ingredients whenever possible. "Natural" is not an idle word to us. It's why our business exists and thrives. In addition to their passion for nutritional excellence, NOW supports social and environmental efforts throughout their industry and community. NOW regularly hosts conservation and clean-up events in support of Make a Difference Day and Earth Week; a tradition which goes back over a decade.
NOW continually strives to improve and serve as an inspiration to anyone concerned with protecting our planet and its precious natural resources. Recent sustainability progress includes:
- Installation of an automatic night cooling system which allows more efficient control of warehouse temperatures.
- Expansion of in-house recycling and reuse programs to include food dust collections from dust collectors and filter cleaning. This material is offered for beneficial reuse as hog feed supplement.
- Holding annual Christmas & holiday light recycling drives.
- Installation of a rain/moisture sensor to prevent unnecessary landscape watering.
- Providing free barrels to the Village of Bloomingdale for use as trash receptacles in parks, and to SCARCE for use in resource collection drives.
- Hosting an educational booth at the 2nd annual Cantigny Green Fair.
- Setting printers to default to double-sided printing.
- Installation of an LED company building sign.
- Installation of filtered water stations for re-filling personal water containers.
- Sharing information on sustainable business practices at STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math) Teachers Workshop.
- Promoting rain barrel usage with our staff.
- Educating staff on recycling opportunities for electronics and household hazardous waste.
- Switching to 100% recycled content shipping boxes.


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- Top-notch Services!
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Why rubber flooring experts?
At Outdoor Flooring Guys in Vinton, VA the experts know rubber products very well as they have been handling them for many years. The deep knowledge the experts have is the core competency and there are other reasons that have distinguished us from other industry players. The following are some of the reasons that have make Outdoor Flooring Guys in Vinton, VA the go to source for rubber flooring:
Outdoor Flooring Guys in Vinton, VA sells its own line of products, all the products at Outdoor Flooring Guys are ours, the customer service staff at Outdoor Flooring Guys are our employees and are not outsourced and the warehouse quality control packs and ships the products to the customers.
We have a commitment of helping real people; the Outdoor Flooring Guys in Vinton, VA emphasizes on personal connection and customer care. The Outdoor Flooring Guys have set policies that treat the customers as the bosses and we are committed to improving on our service delivery to people. If you need help on Outdoor Flooring contact the leading experts on 888-459-0993 today.
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By Pure Matters
Breast milk is nature's nearly perfect food. It not only contains all the nutrients that your baby needs, but studies show that it also helps protect your infant against infections -- especially in the first year. And mothers who breastfeed have a lower risk of some health problems, including breast cancer and type 2 diabetes.
Plus, there are no bottles to prepare or wash and no formula to buy. And you have a ready supply of milk all the time. To make breastfeeding even easier for you and your baby, try these tips.
Do a little prep. You're less likely to get sore, cracked nipples if you prepare in advance by rubbing your nipples with a terry cloth to "toughen" them. And when you lather up, skip your nipples -- soap dries them up and washes away an oil that helps your baby smell the nipple.
Set your milk supply. Get your baby used to nursing and establish your milk supply by breastfeeding exclusively for the first six weeks. Hold off on bottles.
Let herbs help. Much like oxytocin, a naturally occurring hormone, the herb fenugreek helps stimulate milk production in nursing mothers. Other flow-increasing herbs include chaste berry and fennel.
Get comfortable. Be sure your baby's mouth is open wide before putting her to your breast; she should latch onto the areola (the darker area around your nipple). You should see more areola above her top lip than below her bottom lip. Treat yourself and your baby to a horseshoe-shaped nursing pillow to make your sessions more comfortable.
Switch it up. Leave the baby on your breast as long as he is swallowing every suck or two. If you see him drifting off to sleep or if he lets go of the breast, burp him and switch sides. Let him nurse on the second side as long as he wants -- until he falls asleep or lets go again. Newborn feeding usually lasts at least 20 to 30 minutes and occurs 8 to 12 times each 24 hours in the early weeks.
Stay alert for plugged ducts. Binding clothes, your own anatomy, fatigue, or prolonged periods without nursing can cause clogged milk ducts. This can cause areas of the breast to get hot, red, and sometimes hard or swollen. A plugged duct can lead to an infection if ignored. In most cases, you can treat this problem by applying hot compresses to the reddened area, and by expressing milk manually and allowing the baby to nurse.
Did you know that less than an hour after birth, a full-term baby is physically able to nurse? Your baby knows what to do -- now you do too.
Source: http://resources.purematters.com/healthy-body/pregnancy/secrets-to-easier-breastfeeding


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text: How to Avoid Fallacies Think Again: How to Reason and Argue Reasoning is important. This series of four short courses will teach you how to do it well. You will learn simple but vital rules to follow in thinking about any topic at all and common and tempting mistakes to avoid in reasoning. We will discuss how to identify, analyze, and evaluate arguments by other people (including politicians, used car salesmen, and teachers) and how to construct arguments of your own in order to help you decide what to believe or what to do. These skills will be useful in dealing with whatever matters most to you. Courses at a Glance: All four courses in this series are offered through sessions which run every four weeks. We suggest sticking to the weekly schedule to the best of your ability. If for whatever reason you fall behind, feel free to re-enroll in the next session.We also suggest that you start each course close to the beginning of a month in order to increase the number of peers in the discussion forums who are working on the same material as you are. While each course can be taken independently, we suggest you take the four courses in order. Course 1 - Think Again I: How to Understand Arguments Course 2 - Think Again II: How to Reason Deductively Course 3 - Think Again III: How to Reason Inductively Course 4 - Think Again IV: How to Avoid Fallacies About This Course in the Series: We encounter fallacies almost everywhere we look. Politicians, salespeople, and children commonly use fallacies in order to get us to think what they want us to think. Think Again: Fallacies will show how to identify and avoid many of the fallacies that people use to get us to think the way they want us to think. In this course, you will learn about fallacies. Fallacies are arguments that suffer from one or more common but avoidable defects: equivocation, circularity, vagueness, etc. It's important to learn about fallacies so that you can recognize them when you see them, and not be fooled by them. It's also important to learn about fallacies so that you avoid making fallacious arguments yourself. Suggested Readings Students who want more detailed explanations or additional exercises or who want to explore these topics in more depth should consult Understanding Arguments: An Introduction to Informal Logic, Ninth Edition, Concise, Chapters 13-17, by Walter Sinnott-Armstrong and Robert Fogelin. Course Format Each week will be divided into multiple video segments that can be viewed separately or in groups. There will be short ungraded quizzes after each segment (to check comprehension) and a longer graded quiz at the end of the course.


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Exonumia, Paper Money, Draped Bust Heraldic Eagle Half Dollar, Collector Supplies, Certified U.S. Coins, Bullion, Biblical Coins, Half Cents, Peace Dollar, Gold Coins and Retail Sales in Hawaii
Alii Coins & Currency, LLC
Business Contact: Vince Vento
in World Coins, U.S. Coins, Paper Money, Half Dollars, Half Cents, Gold Coins, Dollars, Collector Supplies, Certified U.S. Coins, Bullion, Brick & Mortar, Appraisals, Buy & Sell, Appraisals, American Eagles
The best way to buy or sell silver and gold coins or old currency is to take a trip to Ali'i Coins & Currency of Kaneohe, Hawaii. We specialize in buying precious metals and coins, including individual, estate, and collector coins.
45-480 Kaneohe Bay Dr
Kaneohe, Hawaii 96744
United States


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Bacchus, the god of wine, was drunk, and announced that the first mortal to
come across his path would be eaten by tigers. Along came the lovely maiden
Amethyst, on her way to worship at the shrine of the goddess Diana. To rescue
her from a violent death, Diana transformed Amethyst into stone. When Bacchus
viewed the miracle, he repented and poured wine over the stone, staining it
purple. This is the legendary creation of the gemstone amethyst, for the Greek
words 'amethystos' meaning 'not intoxicated'
In popular belief, the amethyst offers protection against drunkenness and
seduction. In ancient times, amethyst was being engraved and cut into sculptured
forms and people liked to drink wine from amethyst cups.
Roman women claimed the gem could keep their husbands faithful, and used it in
Moses described it as a symbol of the Spirit of God in the official robes of the
High Priest of the Jews, and the Russian Empress Catherine the Great sent
thousands of miners into the Urals to look for it.
It was thought to put the wearer in a chaste frame of mind and symbolize trust
and piety, for this reason, amethyst came to occupy a very prominent position in
the ornaments of the Catholic clergy over the centuries.


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Pujols and Wilson?!: Jerry Dipoto Announces His Presence With Authority
Ah, Hollywood teen flicks. Is there a more important repository of accurate truths and life lessons for our youth anywhere? …Okay, after the internet, that is? And if there is one truth they have showed us over and over again, it's the steps the new guy in school must take to become a success:
- He must lose tragically/get the crap beaten out of him/have his sensitive little heart broke into a thousand tiny pieces or, preferably, some combination of the above. (Or, you know, fail to make the playoffs two years running while losing the AL West Division Title to the Rangers – okay, Dipoto wasn't here for this but it still counts. It sets the stage.)
- Through pluckiness, guile and his overall superior character (read, lots and lots of money) he must overcome this set back, rise above the bullies/the cliquey in crowd/all of the mean nasty people who told him he couldn't do it (Every big spending, clever maneuvering team in any given post season) in order to win the ultimate prize, acceptance (or, you know, Albert Pujols).
- And, along the way, win the heart of the prettiest girl in school (most eligible starting pitcher) away from the biggest bully (top division rivals, the two years running AL Champion Rangers).
- The wisdom of Hollywood also tells us that catchy soundtracks, clever catch phrases, blockbuster budgets and a cast of side character to provide rare moments of wisdom and lots and lots of comic relief have a vague but crucial role to play in all of this. (Hey, baseball has music for every occasion, a popular culture influencing language all its own, don't even get me started on the budgets and a cast of characters fit to rival that of even a good Hollywood movie, so the analogy stands you hear?)
Based on this important metric Jerry Dipoto is clearly a smashing success! Oh, and the high, and growing higher by the moment, esteem in which Angels fans everywhere now hold him is a pretty good metric too. 😉
So the Angels sign Albert Pujols and C.J. Wilson. And don't think I haven't been itching to post about this all day!! But there was that work thing, and deadlines in two different time zones so it started early. But, finally, a late afternoon lunch and I can post at last! I went on record in a couple of places as being against the rumors of both of these deals but now that they have become reality I have to say I am pleased…and, for the purposes of today's post, pleased shall be defined as bouncing all over the house with a big stupid grin on my face. Both are expensive, long term deals, the Pujols deal understandably considerably more so than the Wilson deal. And, based on the Angels old spending habits, I assumed that if we landed either player that deal would be the Angels' only real deal of the offseason when we have quite a few more holes to fill, thank you very much.
The fact that, between Arte Moreno increasing the budget considerably and Dipoto's wheeling and dealing, the Angels signed both Pujols and Wilson in addition to putting a potentially nice patch on our catching woes with the Chris Iannetta trade and signing another reliable seeming arm for our bullpen in LaTroy Hawkins? Well, consider my biggest concern laid to rest and then some.
I still have a few other concerns, though they are comparatively minor:
- 10 years is a loooooong contract for a 31-year old, even for a guy known as the Machine. I am certain Pujols will be great for five of those years and possibly longer. And being in the AL with the DH helps but…well…we'll cross that bridge when we get there I suppose.
- Adjustment periods for Pujols and Wilson, both of whom were one-team players before today. This isn't a huge concern for me. And there may not be an adjustment period, but I would caution fans not to panic if it takes a month or so for either guy (or both) to really get into the swing of things.
- What about Mark Trumbo? We have a log jam at 1st now. While I don't doubt for a second that Pujols is a better hitter than Trumbo, I really want to find a way to keep Trumbo in the lineup. It does us very little good to swap our one slugging bat in the lineup for a harder slugging bat. Even with Albert's considerable prowess we need multiple slugging bats in the lineup. I hope the Angels explore the idea they've expressed a lot this offseason of Trumbo at third. I know he wasn't a good third base his first year in the minors but look at how quickly the analytical, note taking player improved from being kind of bad at first to being pretty darned good. I think this could be a good move.
- C.J. Wilson's longevity. Wilson is a former reliever stretched out into a starter and, as such, he faded early in his first year as a fulltime starter…but then he faded even earlier the next season. Foreboding pattern or an aberration of the sort you often get with small sample sizes? Well now that he's not pitching in Texas I sure hope it's the latter! Fortunate mitigating circumstances: the weather and stadium dimensions are a lot kinder to pitchers in Anaheim and Wilson is closer to family here, which may be beneficial.
But then I think of our starting rotation to be with three legitimate aces and Ervin Santana and of our lineup with Albert Pujols in it (not to mention the wonderful teaching presence Pujols provides for our rookies) and all I can do is continue bouncing around the house, occasionally pumping my fits and cheering. And the fact of the matter is I like both players. I like their attitude and the way they play the game. I like how Wilson handled the press conferences today in a classy way that paid appropriate respect to both the team that raised him and the team that just adopted him. Yes, Wilson can be a bit of a trash talker, but I've always liked the fire and wit behind his comments even when I didn't appreciate them being directed at my team and, well, I love that traditional aspect of the game. I'll be interested to watch how Pujols handles his press conferences that are sure to come.
So, yes, even with reservations both laid to rest and lingering, I am excited by these deals. After earning two World Series berths in as many seasons, the Rangers are still tough, still absolutely frightening in the lineup department and still the team to beat. But with these Angels moves, forget the division race. I feel we have ourselves an honest to goodness, hotly contested division battle coming and I for one cannot wait!


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Tagged: Clumsiness
Of Angelic Offenses, Hot Corners, Video Games and Towels: More Spring Training Thoughts
Holy Angels Lineup, Batman! They hit! They steal! They knock in runs! And they score and score and score again! I am so happy with the Angels offense right now that I am beaming as I type this. I hope this carries over into the regular season and grows! It sure looks Albert Pujols was the missing piece this lineup puzzle needed because all of the good pieces we had going last season are now working in conjunction with one another to create multiple, multiple run innings instead of little tiny offensive outbursts. They look almost as good as the starting rotation – and that 'almost' reflects more on the high bar set by the starting rotation than anything else. Speaking of which, I'll bet that as pleased as the fans are, the run support starved starting rotation is even more so.
That sticky third base question…seems to be a lot less sticky than folks were predicting actually. We have now seen Mark Trumbo play third base and it worked out pretty darned well. He played the grounders hit his way well, including one that took a nasty hop. He made a great diving catch. In all of the discussion about the possibility of Trumbo at third, his arm was never once in doubt…even so, it was really nice to see that this assessment was accurate. And he did all of this while enjoying a good day at the plate which included his first Trumbomb of Spring Training. It's only Spring Training. It was a very small sample size. But I actually think this could work. The stats and logic behind Clubhouse Confidential's much more dire predictions a few weeks back did seem to make an unfortunate amount of sense. But people had the same predictions for Trumbo at first base last season with the same logic and, while he was certainly no Gold Glover, he turned out to be a competent, reliable first baseman who kept improving all season. I was hoping he would demonstrate the same caliber as a third baseman and, after watching him, I think that's exactly what we can expect.
Those crazy MLB video game commercials. MLB 2K12? MLB 12 the Show? Which is better? I certainly couldn't say. I don't play video games much and when I do I tend to gravitate back to something old school like Gauntlet or Heretic. But I do know that the commercials for both MLB video game franchises are usually something special and this year is no exception. Justin Verlander's Randy Johnson impersonation in the MLB 2K12 commercial has me laughing out loud every time. It almost makes up for his attempts at comedy on Conan O'Brien. As for the other? Granted, it's not that hard to make me cry these days, but a video game commercial? 'Fraid so. That darned Cubs Win! MLB 12 the Show commercial actually made me tear up…er…makes me tear up. He's just so sad at the end! (Of course, we all know who they tried to get to be in that commercial and that's just plain mean.) Suffice to say, both ads were very well done.
Don't forget your towel. According to the Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy, a towel is "about the most massively useful" item you can bring on any journey, local, interstellar, or somewhere in between. Apparently David Price agrees to disagree with the vaunted Guide on this front. Don't panic, David, you are not alone. Many of us suffer bizarre abuse at the hands of seemingly innocuous inanimate objects. I have a friend who threw out her back showing her daughter how to put on nylons. I have another friend who received a scar from a Rock Band guitar pretty much just as she was just walking by – we refer to this as her Rock Band stage diving scar, by the way. And there's a good tip for you. If you can't somehow make the inanimate object injury sound less silly, go for making it sound epic instead.
As for me? Doors are my personal bete noir. Car doors. House doors. Cupboard doors. Heck, even door jams. They all attack me and bruise my arms and legs on a regular basis. See, you are far from alone. Though I must admit, it is nice for the rest of us to be reminded yet again that even Major League baseball players can suffer from occasional bouts of klutziness too…and that that the rest of us only have to answer to the mockery of our friends and family, not the national media. Of course, as a woman, attending a small liberal arts college and having the only honest answer to "Where on Earth did you get that bruise?" be, "I ran into a door." was more than a little awkward too, as you might imagine.


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Listings in Paper Money and World Coins in Santa Rosa and Tiburon
Rinkor Rare Coins
Business Contact: Don Rinkor
in World Coins, U.S. Coins, Trade Dollar, Seated Liberty Dollar, Retail Sales, Peace Dollar, Paper Money, Collector Services, Bullion, Appraisals, Buy & Sell
Rinkor Rare Coins is a trusted, premium coin dealer specializing in DMPL Dollars, Peace Dollars, Seated Dollars, and Trade Dollars for over 25 years. Our goal is to provide you with the best inventory of quality certified dollars and other coins.
2600 Mendocino Ave
Ste C
Santa Rosa, California 95403-2837
United States
Kagin's, Inc.
Business Contact: Don Kagin
in U.S. Coins, Paper Money, Collector Services, Auction Services, Appraisals, Buy & Sell
Kagin's Inc. is a California-based coin firm that specializes in rare U.S. coins, paper money, private issues from the California Gold Rush, and other unusual and rarely-encountered numismatic items.
1550G Tiburon Blvd
Ste 201
Tiburon, California 94920-2517
United States
Fax: (415) 435-1627
Stephen Album Rare Coins
Business Contact: Joe Lang
in World Coins
PO Box 7386
Santa Rosa, California 95407-0386
United States
(707) 539-2120
Fax: (707) 539-3348


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This week in new hires, Christian Brothers Investment Services announced it had appointed four members of the firm to key positions; American Century announced that Joseph Schultz will join the firm; and Mary Ann Bartels became CIO of portfolio strategies at Bank of America-Merrill Lynch.
Also, New York Life named Matthew Grove senior managing director and appointed Joel Steinberg to its executive management committee; Rusty Guinn and Todd Centurino went to Salient Partners; and MassMutual welcomed Stefanie Watson and Joshua Czuper.
Christian Brothers Investment Services Makes Key Personnel Appointments
Christian Brothers Investment Services (CBIS) announced the appointment of Paul Ainslie to the position of vice president for strategic initiatives and product development. The appointment was effective Jan. 1, when he joined the management team of CBIS. In appointments effective Nov. 13, CBIS promoted Gale Dickinson to director, distribution services; Robert Stelben to senior director, head of institutional development and marketing; and Diane Miller to compliance officer.
Since joining CBIS in 1999, Ainslie served as an investment advisor and regional director within the firm's participant services department, and later as the firm's alternative investment dpecialist. Prior to joining, he was employed by Lynch & Mayer, Inc., and Yamaichi Capital Management, Inc.
Stelben joined in 2001 as director of marketing and communications. In 2006 he assumed the responsibility for developing and managing relationships with institutional investment management consultants. In addition, he is a member of the product development committee and works with senior management on developing marketing plans and strategies. Previously, he worked for META Group and for Greenwich Associates.
Dickinson joined in 1995 as a participant service representative and was promoted to assistant director of operations in 1999. She was responsible for overseeing the day-to-day activities of the operations group and assisting with individual managed portfolios, opening new accounts, participant servicing and fund accounting. Prior to joining, she was an internal auditor at Wayne Hummer and Company.
After joining in 2005, Miller obtained certification as an investment advisor certified compliance professional and took on many compliance responsibilities. Prior to that, she worked at Komico, LLC, where she handled compliance for both equity and futures rules and regulations put forth by the NASD (now FINRA), NFA, SEC and CFTC.
American Century Investments Welcomes Joseph Schultz
American Century Investments has named Joseph Schultz senior vice president and head of intermediary sales. In his new role, he will lead the firm's domestic intermediary sales group with responsibility for field and internal sales businesses, including wirehouses, regional and independent advisors, RIAs, insurance company advisors and broker-dealer key account management. He will report to Peter Cieszko, chief client officer, Americas, and will join the company on April 15. He will also be a member of the product and markets and distribution operating committees.
A former managing director and head of U.S. broker-dealer sales and relationship management at Goldman Sachs Asset Management, Schultz has been in the industry for 19 years and was earlier senior vice president and director of sales and distribution for Prudential Financial. He joined Prudential from PaineWebber.
Bank of America-Merrill Lynch Appoints Mary Ann Bartels
Bank of America-Merrill Lynch announced that Mary Ann Bartels has joined the investment management and guidance (IMG) team as CIO of portfolio strategies. In her new role, she will be responsible for leading the portfolios strategy desk, ETF strategies and the marketing and communications around IMG's content platform, product launches and publications. She will also serve as a spokeswoman for the firm's thought leadership and act as an advocate for IMG's implementation ideas. She will also be a primary partner with BofA Merrill Lynch Global Research and the IMG team.
Bartels has more than 25 years of investment experience, with 17 of them at the firm, where she most recently served as head of technical and market analysis for BofA Merrill Lynch Global Research. She is an institutional investor-ranked analyst and has developed proprietary models for equity pairs trading and for her sector, industry and stock selection, as well as for her extensive work on hedge funds.
Chris Wolfe continues to serve as interim CIO and head of IMG. New York Life Announces Promotion, Appointment
New York Life announced the promotion of Matthew Grove to senior managing director and the appointment of Joel Steinberg to its executive management committee.
In Grove's new role, he is in charge of the retail annuities business, including product development, product management, marketing, in-force business and annuity service operations, and reports to Drew Lawton, senior managing director.
Grove joined in 2009 to lead the company's effort to establish guaranteed lifetime income as an asset class, and he was also responsible for the distribution of mutual funds and annuity products through RIAs. Two years ago, he was instrumental in the development and marketing of the company's new guaranteed future income annuity (GFIA).
Prior to joining, Grove was the chief marketing officer of Jefferson National, where he was responsible for developing and marketing the annuity product distributed through the RIA channel. Earlier in his career, he ran his own technology consulting firm focused on building enterprise software for financial services firms.
Steinberg is senior vice president, chief risk officer and chief actuary. He reports to CFO-elect John Fleurant. He joined in 1983 as an actuarial student and progressed through various positions of increasing responsibility. In 2001 he was appointed senior vice president and chief actuary; in 2012, he assumed additional responsibility as chief risk officer in charge of the office of risk management.
Salient Welcomes Rusty Guinn, Todd Centurino
Salient Partners has appointed Rusty Guinn and Todd Centurino as directors of investments. Both previously worked for the Teacher Retirement System of Texas (TRS). They will collaborate with the investments team to oversee and manage Salient's funds and separately managed accounts. Guinn will lead the portfolio management group, which is responsible for managing multiasset relationships and private investment funds. Within that effort, Centurino will lead the management of the firm's public fund mandates.
Guinn previously served as director of strategic partnerships and opportunistic investments at TRS. Earlier in his career, he worked with Credit Suisse's asset management finance group, where he sourced and underwrote minority equity investments in asset management companies.
Centurino was most recently senior investment manager for external public markets and hedge funds at TRS. Prior to his six years there, he spent seven years at Fidelity Investments.
MassMutual Retirement Services Adds Two Relationship Managers
MassMutual's retirement services division announced that Stefanie Watson and Joshua Czuper have joined its sales and client management organization.
Watson has been hired as senior relationship manager, effective Feb. 19, and is responsible for serving midmarket customers in the New England territory. She is based in Nashua, N.H., and reports to M. Palmer Whitney, assistant vice president with the retirement services division. Prior to joining, Watson spent 14 years with Putnam Investments, where she most recently served as a senior relationship manager.
Joshua Czuper has joined as relationship manager, effective Feb. 19. Based in Atlanta, he is responsible for serving small-market customers in the southeast region, reporting to Philip Maness, assistant vice president. He brings 10 years of experience in relationship management and consulting and most recently served as enterprise service manager with Aon Hewitt.
Read the March 20 New Hire Roundup at AdvisorOne.


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Photos, stories and advice about Sosua and local Dominican women you can meet when you are here. Read the latest news in Sosua. If you love Dominican girls, this is the website to visit until you get back here. Dominican Republic women rule!
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Topic: "Yomery"....any info? (Read 1571 times)
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