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Community Pick
Chocolate Frosting (No Eggs or Milk Needed)
photo by lisa__lynn
- Ready In:
- 10mins
- Ingredients:
- 7
- Yields:
1 cakes worth
- Serves:
- 12
- 1 cup sugar
- 6 tablespoons cornstarch
- 4 tablespoons cocoa
- 1⁄2 teaspoon salt
- 2 tablespoons oil
- 1 cup water
- 1⁄2 teaspoon vanilla
- Mix sugars, cornstarch, salt, and cocoa in a medium sauce pan.
- Whisk in the water.
- Heat over medium until it gets thick and starts to boil. Boil for 1-2 minutes.
- (Make sure you don't boil too long, or it will set like taffy.)
- Remove from heat and stir in oil and vanilla. Cool and spread on cooled cake.
Questions & Replies
Ok so I followed the directions of this recipe exactly and it never thickened. So after it cooled I got out my blender and added about 1 1/2 cups powdered sugar and blended it into this chocolate syrup that i had came up with with this recipe and it actually turned out thick and awesome like cake icing consistency. ??
I've never made cooked frosting before, and I use a gas stove. So, I had my doubts the whole time I was making it. Being cooked on a gas stove, the frosting got really thick as soon as it began to boil. So, I went ahead and turned off the heat within less than a minute. When I was stirring in the oil and vanilla, the mixture was very thick, and it didn't seem like the oil was going to mix in. I was worried I'd cooked it too much. But once I actually started frosting my cake with it, I realized it was just fine. And it kind of tastes like the inside of a Lindor truffle. I really like this recipe and the fact that it doesn't require powdered sugar, which I don't usually have. So, it will probably be my go-to chocolate frosting recipe from now on. Thank you!
I made some gluten free brownies for a bake sale and they turned out pretty awful (too much cocoa powder I think). The next morning I thought about adding an icing to try and fix them. I had no eggs or butter and about 15 minutes to get it made. This recipe was a life saver. It really turned the brownies around and it was easy to sub in stevia for the sugar. I will be making this again for sure.
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Delicious! I was topping peanut butter cookies with this. So I upped the cocoa to 1/3 c. and I used 2 tbsp butter instead of the oil. Because of the review "too thin," I was sure to boil at least two minutes. But it thickened up quickly so I was not too worried about thinness. It had good body when drizzled thickly on the cookies, and did not even ooze off a side! Will definitely make this again!


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Agency Social Worker pay is due to be capped in 2024 to the equivalent earned by permanent staff under government plan. If you're considering permanent work, then turn up to Wakefield's DROP-IN recruitment day on May 4th at The Chesney Centre to meet with current Social Workers and HR.
Take opportunity to ask any questions you need answering, find out job roles that are currently available and apply there and then!
- ASYE/Social Worker, £31,099 - £37,261
- Enhanced Social Worker, £38,296 - £41,496 (rising to £42,503-£45,495 after completing progression panel)
- Advanced Practitioner, £46,549 - £49,590
If you're not looking for a Social Work role, turn up and gain information on what other roles are suitable for YOU within Children & Young People's Service!
For more information, visit the Wakefield CYPS Learning Academy Facebook page.

subset: commoncrawl


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Resources for Students and Families
Gilman's College Counseling Office exists not only to help you identify the college best suited to your unique talents and needs but through the entire college application process, from writing your college essay to applying for scholarships or other financial aid.
We have compiled the following resource lists from trusted internal and external sources and hope you find them helpful in your college journey. Have a resource you think other students and families could benefit from? Reach out to our office for potential inclusion on this page.
- Application Resources
- Gilman's Guide to College Counseling
- Gilman's College Essay Guidebook
- Online Essay Writing Resources
- How to Convert Your GPA to a 4.0 Scale
- Financial Aid and Scholarships
- For Students of Color
- For Students Interested in Business or Engineering
- Other Useful Websites
- Other Useful Documents
Application Resources
Gilman's Guide to College Counseling
Gilman's College Essay Guidebook
Online Essay Writing Resources
How to Convert Your GPA to a 4.0 Scale
Financial Aid and Scholarships
For Students of Color
For Students Interested in Business or Engineering
Other Useful Websites
Other Useful Documents
The athletic component to college admission has been both overrated and underrated, all too often at the expense of the prospective student-athlete. It is true that significant athletic ability and the capacity to contribute to an athletic program can be a component in the college admissions process. It is also true that many college applicants invest all of their (college admission) hope in their athletic prowess, which is often nullified by the peer competition or, more likely, by the lack of academic performance.
In almost all cases, selective colleges and universities in the U.S., no matter what anybody says, are looking for student-athletes, young men and women who can do the academic work with success.


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Klay ruled out for Warriors' Monday home game vs. Heat originally appeared on NBC Sports Bayarea
Klay Thompson's return to the Warriors is inching closer, but it won't happen against the Miami Heat on Monday night at Chase Center.
Thompson is listed as out on the 4:30 p.m. PT injury report released by the NBA for right Achilles injury management, meaning his long-awaited first game in over 30 months will have to wait until at least next Sunday when the Warriors host the Cleveland Cavaliers.
On Dec. 17, ESPN Adrian Wojnarowski reported, citing sources, that the Warriors and Thompson were targeting home games on Jan. 9 or Jan. 18, with Jan. 3 less likely though it hadn't been ruled out at the time.
Now, Jan. 3 has been been ruled out.
But Thompson is real close. He took a big step in his rehab last week when he scrimmaged with Steph Curry, Andrew Wiggins, Andre Iguodala and the rest of the Warriors' healthy rotation players.
Thompson wasn't initially supposed to scrimmage with the team in Denver on Thursday, but the Nuggets didn't have the required number of healthy players due to a COVID-19 outbreak and injuries. Once the NBA postponed the game, the Warriors used the empty Ball Arena to get a rare practice in.
Coach Steve Kerr admitted watching the Splash Brothers scrimmage together was "really cool."
The footage of Thompson and Curry playing together again is a reminder to everyone of what is about to hit the NBA. Prior to the Warriors' win over the Utah Jazz on Saturday night, Thompson made an astonishing 24 straight corner 3-pointers. Following the game, Wiggins said the league is in trouble when Klay returns.
Without Thompson in the lineup, the Warriors own the best record in the NBA through Sunday's action. With him back in the mix relatively soon, Golden State might be unbeatable.
RELATED: Klay reveals hardest part of impending return
The Jan. 9 game against the upstart Cavs isn't a certainty for Thompson's return — the Warriors don't have to rush him back because of how well they are playing — but considering the progress he has made in the last week, it wouldn't be surprising to see the five-time NBA All-Star introduced as part of the starting lineup that night.
Download and follow the Dubs Talk Podcast


text: The Cost of Procrastination Procrastination can be costly. When you get a late start, it may be difficult to make up for lost time. Share | Have A Question About This Topic? Name Email Address Question Thank you! Oops! Related Content IRA Withdrawals that Escape the 10% Tax Penalty The list of IRA withdrawals that may be taken without incurring a 10% early penalty has grown. Surprises Making the most of surprises is a great reason to work with us. Estimate Your RMD Help determine the required minimum distribution from an IRA or other qualified retirement plan.


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Awesomenovel fiction – Chapter 379 earthquake damaged recommendation-p2
Novel–Dragon King's Son-In-Law–Dragon King's Son-In-Law
Chapter 379 hissing immense
With terrific happiness, Zhao Haoran believed Hao Ren was reliable, ruthless, and was well aware of the art of war .
Xie Yujia was really a little amazed . Then, she went straight back to her space gently and felt just a little jealous .
Hao Ren, who had been Grandma's most effective cherish, begun to fall season in stands in Grandma's cardiovascular after Zhao Yanzi, Xie Yujia, Zhen Congming, plus the Lu sisters emerged .
"Who's there,"
"Granny, we can't make it happen . " Lu Linlin waved her arms immediately .
Hao Zhonghua drove the vehicle back in the house because of the beachfront having a automobile loaded with lovely women . A dozen fishes were actually leaping about in the liquid bucket in the back of the vehicle . Hao Zhonghua hadnt get Hao Ren out for a long time . Consequently, he was surprised to look for that despite the fact that he used to be an experienced fisherman, he was no more a go with to his boy . Even Lu Linlin and Lu Lili, who created fis.h.i.+ng rods from shrub branches, stuck fishes that considered almost 2 to 3 fat . Hao Zhonghua planned to coach Hao Ren a training by means of fis.h.i.+ng, but his confidence was shattered . Dundundundun, dundundundun, crimson blossoms, natural green gra.s.ses, and also a minimal ducking . Lu Linlin and Lu Lili performed gladly . The warm sun energy s.h.i.+ned via the home window and brought in the aroma of blooms . Yue Yang leaned back in the pa.s.senger chair and looked over the highway which had been continuously switching before her as she felt very stress-free . Due to their operate, Hao Zhonghua and Yue Yang rarely had any calming weeks in this way . After they came back towards the residence, they had evening meal alongside one another, as well as the home was hectic with noises and thrills . Then, Lu Linlin and Lu Lili possessed to return to town, but Granny urged those to stay for your nighttime . Ren, give your living space to Linlin and Lili . You are able to sleeping in the couch from the living room area today, Granny retained the Lu sisters hands and said to Hao Ren . Hao Ren placed on a bitter encounter and explained, Okay, Grandmother . Grandmother, we cant achieve that . Lu Linlin waved her palms instantly . Why not? Grandmother place on a right face and presented Hao Ren a purchase order, From now on, when Linlin and Lili come to visit our family home, you will sleep at night on the family room . Without a doubt, Sir, Hao Ren stood up upright and said . It absolutely was apparent that Grandma loved the Lu sisters more than she enjoyed and cared about Hao Ren . Also, Grandmother cared about Zhen Congming significantly more than Hao Ren at the same time ever since the latter was obviously a whole lot younger . Hao Ren, who was previously Grandmas finest prize, did start to drop in positions in Grandmas cardiovascular soon after Zhao Yanzi, Xie Yujia, Zhen Congming, as well as Lu sisters came . Our company is slumbering in Gongzis home this evening . Are you presently happy? Lu Linlin whispered into Lu Lilis ear canal . What, no! Lu Lilis deal with without delay converted reddish . While that was what she said, she blushed even more immediately after taking into consideration the proven fact that she was going to snooze inside the sleep that Hao Ren ended up being slumbering in in the past couple of days . Zhao Yanzi wanted to stay in Hao Rens place . Having said that, soon after she discovered that Lu Linlin and Lu Lili have been about to control Hao Rens space for your night time, she altered her thoughts and chosen to remain in Grandmas home as a substitute . Because Zhao Yanzi, this cute young girl in Grandmas head, was going to stick with her for your nighttime, Grandmother was thrilled as she gently rubbed Zhao Yanzis pinkish cheeks . Considering that it was finding latter, everybody traveled to their spaces to have some remainder . Xie Yujia sat in the area and cultivated the Qi Refinement World . Immediately after going the nature fact by her entire body for 16 occasions, she launched her eyes slowly but surely . The full house was silent except the sounds of your water waves arriving in frequently . Xie Yujia stretched her physique, went to your front door, and opened up it quietly . The couch during the family area was empty . Xie Yujia was obviously a touch surprised . Then, she went back to her home soundlessly and sensed slightly jealous . She was anxious that Hao Ren would sense freezing in the living area, and she planned to simply let Hao Ren relax in her own home . Even so . At the moment, Hao Ren was in front front door in the Eastern side Seas Dragon Palace rather than sneakily vacationing in another ladies places as Xie Yujia suspected . The protection wall space across the dragon palace ended up packed with left arm-type of crevices and big openings . Also the tiles on the top of the gate were definitely slanted and shattered . Hao Ren could visualize how rigorous the conflict was between East Sea Dragon Clan and also the Western Water Dragon Clan . From the base of the water that was some thousand meters beneath the surface, 12 hurricanes are intended and perhaps almost struck the shoreline which had been over a dozens kilometers away . The concentration of the battles must have been insane . Whos there, Hao Rens overall look had grabbed the eye on the patrolling troopers of East Seas . Forgive me as being impolite I didnt know that it must be you, Mr . Fuma! the top normal cupped his hands and fingers ahead of his chest as he discovered Hao Ren . How was your situation last night? Hao Ren required . Last night, the troops of generals of our own Eastern Seashore have been commited, so we guarded the palace and fought off all of the entering opponents with the help of the lavish safeguard array formations, the typical in great armour responded . Hao Ren observed a brand new scar within this generals deal with and considered that Eastern side Seashore needs to have endured some losses . Nevertheless, if Eastern Water endured some damages, To the west Sea should have experienced far more casualties . [Wipe out you while you are fragile!] Zhao Haorans technique of working with items almost drove the West Water Dragon Clan inside the retaining wall . Will be the elders good? Elder Sunlight, Elder Lu, and Elder Xingyue . Will they be okay? By going through the soldiers concept, Hao Ren guessed that Zhao Guang and Zhao Hongyu had been equally high-quality . Therefore, he directly requested about the seniors . A handful of seniors had been, unfortunately . The overall slightly raised his palms as his vision have a little green . Then, he carried on, On the other hand, the seniors that Fuma outlined are in great shape . Immediately after ability to hear the other 1 / 2 of the sentence, Hao Ren was a bit relieved . This period, both equally dragon clans fought against one another towards the passing away . Either side possessed diminished senior citizens and had started out a dangerous feud . Though Hao Ren wasnt here around the battleground, he could perception the concentration of the conflict by noticing the fitness of the collapsed entrance and defense wall surfaces in addition to the severe ocean situation . The senior citizens of West Sea personal-detonated their own personal dragon center to eliminate the grand safety range development on the East Seashore Dragon Palace . On the flip side, the seniors of East Water dashed into the army on the Western Water Dragon Clan and passed away in conflict . The road of farming wasnt as tranquil because it appeared on the surface it had been filled up with hazard . Hao Ren truly comprehended this currently . He also grasped the reason why some senior citizens of Eastern side Beach requested Zhao Guang to sever ties with him . Although the Western Water Dragon Clan encountered many setbacks and skilled a extreme lowering of their all round strength in the last several months, this desperate beast could still take a ma.s.sive bite away from the Eastern side Ocean Dragon Clan . Guide me inside of and show me all over, Hao Ren explained . Without a doubt, the normal made approximately and led Hao Ren with the damaged gate from the dragon palace . The majority of the complexes have been in good shape aside from the floor tiles on top of the palaces . Hao Ren guessed how the left over energies of dharma treasures broken them . Judging with this, Hao Ren suspected that To the west Oceans army and elders failed to go into the inner surface on the East Beach Dragon Palace, and the main battleground was situated away from safety walls . It absolutely was imperative that you recognize that the family members of your seniors of Eastern Seas were living into the dragon palace . If West Oceans army broke via, the effects would be . I cant go any more inside of . The overall who had been at the forefront suddenly halted . Each individual patrolling typical experienced regions they were responsible for, and they were definitely only in a position to walk in those spots if they ended up on responsibility . This general was liable for taking care of the location round the on the inside and also the away from the city entrance . Uh, be sure to continue with your work, Hao Ren cupped his hands before his chest muscles respectfully while he said to that basic . Then, he walked toward the principle palace with hefty techniques when he attempted to find Zhao Guang . The Eastern Seashore Dragon Clan as well as Western Seashore Dragon Clan opposed the other person mainly because of the power battle between the two . Having said that, there is a understated stabilize between them, surely nothing overboard took place . The point that Hao Ren demolished 50 % of the Western Seashore Dragon Palace forced them over the brand and activated them, causing a full-on struggle relating to the two dragon clans . Should they sacrificed Hao Ren, the whole problem would have been fixed additional peacefully . Nonetheless, with Zhao Haorans returning, he firmly chose to clear the condition inside the toughest possible way . The To the west Seas Dragon Palace declined in the act, and also their army was almost completely cleaned out . The Eastern Sea Dragon Palace, in contrast, also missing plenty of troops and elders . This isnt your mistake . A loud sound sounded behind Hao Ren . Hao Ren made all around and discovered Zhao Haoran, who has been dressed up in a fresh go well with, wandering toward him . Sir . Hao Ren saluted . On this planet, combat will be the last resort, but it is additionally a device that could be essential to repair order . We have to always be equipped for it, Zhao Haoran explained because he withstood before Hao Ren and lifted his heavy bright brows . Hao Ren compelled a smile and nodded at him . Zhao Haoran grabbed Hao Rens shoulder blades in reference to his regular hands and looked at latter approvingly . When we finally were actually battling with them in front of the dragon palace, you assaulted their property starting point . That has been fantastic . Huh? Hao Ren was bewildered . Zeng Xin required his full army out and eventually left his dragon palace vacant back Western Sea, and also you got the chance and razed the Western Ocean Dragon Palace to the floor . I really like your personal style of doing points with your wondering . Zhao Haoran patted Hao Rens shoulder forcefully . During the strong war relating to the East Beach Dragon Clan and the Western Seas Dragon Clan yesterday evening, Lu Linlin and Lu Lili visited Western side Seas to vent their frustration as a result of what got happened to Hao Ren . They obliterated the To the west Water Dragon Palace . Each day after, this news was pa.s.sed to Zhao Haoran . He couldnt consider anybody who can have done that until he recollected that Hao Ren once ruined 1 / 2 of the To the west Seas Dragon Palace . Consequently, he automatically a.s.sumed it was Hao Rens undertaking and was greatly thrilled . What can Oldman Zengs concept be like when he guided his conquered army returning to Western Ocean and found the remains from the dragon palace? With wonderful fulfillment, Zhao Haoran believed Hao Ren was reputable, ruthless, and was knowledgeable of the art of battle . Traversing the ocean under hide signaling the eastern but assaulting the western tempting the tiger through the mountain . Zhao Haoran was impressed by Hao Ren . He never compensated much care about Hao Ren before . Now, Zhao Haoran did start to see Hao Ren meticulously . In reference to his thorough viewing, he was stunned to discover that Hao Ren leveled as much as Gen-stage inside a working day . The glow of Zhen-degree was totally different from your radiance of Gen-stage . Hao Ren obtained, in fact, reached Gen-levels . Good, very good, good . Zhao Haoran reported good triple . Zhao Guang is not efficient at other activities, but he or she is great at choosing people . Zhao Haoran grabbed Han Rens shoulder strongly . Considering that Zhao Haoran was at very best-level Qian-stage, Hao Ren, who acquired just reached Gen-degree, could not possibly burst loose-fitting from Zhao Haorans hand . By using these ability, Hao Rens shoulder joint bone tissue was almost crushed . Zhao Haoran suddenly transformed his situation . His fretting hand was still taking hold of onto Hao Rens arm, but his left arm was now twisted approximately Hao Rens neck . Then, he forced Hao Ren toward the principle palace . The seniors and soldiers, who are patrolling inside dragon palace, viewed Hao Ren and Zhao Haoran in great shock . How come the overlord of your dragon palace, who is extremely beautiful, is wandering together with the Fuma this intimately? they thinking . Regardless of whether the warfare between East Ocean and Western Seashore received so strong, Zhao Kuo still didnt come back . From now on, the 100,000 professional soldiers and 800,000 marine soldiers are yours to control, Zhao Haoran claimed .
Given that Zhao Yanzi, this extremely cute little girl in Grandma's head, was going to stay with her for those night time, Granny was pleased as she gently rubbed Zhao Yanzi's pinkish cheeks .
The elders of West Seashore personal-detonated their own dragon central to eliminate the fantastic defense selection creation on the Eastern side Beach Dragon Palace . Alternatively, the elders of Eastern Beach dashed to the army of your Western side Ocean Dragon Clan and passed away in struggle .
Also, he understood the reason why some senior citizens of East Seashore questioned Zhao Guang to sever ties with him .
Hao Ren observed a completely new scar on this particular general's experience and considered that Eastern side Water need to have encountered some failures .
Zhao Yanzi sought in which to stay Hao Ren's area . Nevertheless, following she discovered that Lu Linlin and Lu Lili were actually likely to take control Hao Ren's room for that night, she modified her thoughts and made a decision to remain in Grandma's place as an alternative .
"Uh, remember to continue with your job," Hao Ren cupped his hands looking at his pectoral respectfully when he believed to that common . Then, he went toward the most important palace with large actions when he aimed to discover Zhao Guang .
Including the tiles on the top of the entrance have been slanted and shattered .
Zhao Haoran mentioned 'good' 3 x .
"Lead me on the inside and show me all around," Hao Ren explained .
Hao Zhonghua hadn't take Hao Ren out for an extended time . As a result, he was astonished to locate that although he was once a seasoned fisherman, he was not anymore a fit to his daughter .
The safeguard wall surfaces throughout the dragon palace had been full of arm-scaled breaks and large openings .
Zhao Haoran was impressed by Hao Ren .
Xie Yujia became a touch taken aback . Then, she went straight back to her bedroom silently and sensed a little jealous .
Hao Zhonghua hadn't acquire Hao Ren out for an extended time . As a result, he was stunned to uncover that even though he used to be a qualified angler, he was not a complement to his kid .
The highway of farming wasn't as relaxing the way it appeared at first it was filled with danger .
Zhao Haoran stated 'good' thrice .
Hao Ren, who was in the past Grandma's greatest value, did start to slip in stands in Grandma's heart following Zhao Yanzi, Xie Yujia, Zhen Congming, along with the Lu sisters showed up .
Even though Hao Ren wasn't here on the battlefield, he could feel the concentration of the warfare by following the condition of the collapsed door and safeguard wall surfaces along with the severe sea situation .
The total residence was tranquil except the sounds of the seas waves arriving in on a regular basis .
Zhao Haoran suddenly changed his location . His hands was still getting onto Hao Ren's shoulder joint, but his arm was now covered around Hao Ren's the neck and throat . Then, he forced Hao Ren toward the main palace .
Hao Ren possessed, without a doubt, reached Gen-point .
"How was the circumstance yesterday evening?" Hao Ren questioned .
The East Ocean Dragon Clan and the To the west Ocean Dragon Clan compared each other as a result of electrical power have difficulty between them . Nevertheless, there seemed to be a discreet harmony between them, completely nothing overboard transpired . The belief that Hao Ren demolished half of the To the west Sea Dragon Palace pressed them during the collection and induced them, resulting in a total-on struggle involving the two dragon clans .
Many of the buildings ended up in good condition except the tiles in addition to the palaces . Hao Ren suspected the fact that recurring forces of dharma treasures damaged them .
When they sacrificed Hao Ren, the whole of the predicament could have been settled far more peacefully . On the other hand, with Zhao Haoran's give back, he strongly wanted to remove the condition in the hardest possible way . The Western Ocean Dragon Palace dropped along the way, and their army was almost completely wiped out . The East Water Dragon Palace, in contrast, also dropped a lot of soldiers and elders .
Although Western Beach Dragon Clan presented several setbacks and experienced a significant decline in their over-all power over the past a few months, this perishing beast could still go on a ma.s.sive bite out of the East Sea Dragon Clan .
Every patrolling standard experienced spots that they were in charge of, additionally they had been only able to move in those places every time they have been on obligation . This normal was accountable for taking care of the vicinity across the inside as well as the away from the community gate .
Each and every patrolling standard obtained places they were liable for, and in addition they had been only able to go walking in those spots after they had been on obligation . This normal was responsible for taking good care of the place about the in and the beyond the city entrance .
Currently, Hao Ren was at the front end entrance of your Eastern Water Dragon Palace as opposed to sneakily remaining in another girls' bedrooms as Xie Yujia suspected .
Hao Ren pressured a smile and nodded at him .
Democracy: A Novel
It was subsequently obvious that Granny beloved the Lu sisters 'more' than she liked and cared about Hao Ren . Also, Grandma cared about Zhen Congming a lot more than Hao Ren likewise since the second option had been a bunch youthful .
Although the Western side Sea Dragon Clan dealt with lots of setbacks and knowledgeable a extreme decline in their overall sturdiness within the last several months, this desperate monster could still get a ma.s.sive chew from the Eastern Sea Dragon Clan .
The senior citizens of Western Sea personal-detonated their own individual dragon key to eliminate the grand protection variety creation of your Eastern Sea Dragon Palace . On the other hand, the elders of East Seas dashed in to the army of the Western side Beach Dragon Clan and passed away in fight .


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A new biography of Billie Holiday concludes that the great jazz singer Baltimore celebrates as a hometown cultural icon was actually born in Philadelphia.
The biographer, Robert O'Meally, an English and American studies professor at Barnard College in New York City, said he was surprised and horrified when he found Holiday was not born in Baltimore.
A self-styled jazz fanatic who grew up in Washington, O'Meally considered Holiday one of a Pantheon of more or less local great ones that included Duke Ellington, Chick Webb and Eubie Blake.
"The only way I can console myself," O'Meally said during a phone interview, "is in knowing that it's a fact."
His book due out in August is called "Lady Day: The Many Faces of Billie Holiday." Lady Day was the title conferred on Holiday by the great tenorman Lester Young, who backed her on some of the finest performances in jazz.
O'Meally based his conclusion basically on records from the House of the Good Shepherd, then a Catholic home for black girls at Calverton Avenue and Franklin Street.
"When she was registered at the Good Shepherd House," O'Meally said, "her mother filled out a form that said her daughter was born in Philadelphia. That's the source I found myself relying on."
Holiday was baptized at Good Shepherd and, O'Meally said, the baptismal certificate also lists her birthplace as Philadelphia.
O'Meally said he has photocopies of these documents.
Her passport later listed her birthplace as Philadelphia, according to O'Meally. He looked at a court hearing in Philadelphia which arose because she had gone overseas without notifying her parole board. She'd been arrested more than once on drug charges in Philadelphia.
She testified she always said she was from Baltimore, but she agreed that she was born in Philadelphia as her passport said. The passport had been obtained by her manager who submitted the documents from Good Shepherd as evidence of her birthplace.
Holiday was about 10 years old when she was sent to Good Shepherd, which still exists as the Good Shepherd Center in Halethorpe, with programs for adolescent girls with emotional and behavioral problems.
O'Meally said court records show Holiday was on the streets with no apparent guardian. He doesn't think she was neglected; her mother was scrambling to make a living for her daughter and herself. Holiday remained close to her mother as long as she lived.
In her autobiography, "Lady Sings the Blues," written in 1956 with William F. Dufty, Holiday said she was taken into custody after she was raped by a much older man, then sent to Good Shepherd.
The autobiography also said she was born in a Baltimore hospital. She said her mother scrubbed floors and waited on patients in exchange for care during her own delivery.
"Lady Sings the Blues" begins with an opening line famous in jazz memoirs: "Mom and Pop were just a couple of kids when I was born. He was eighteen, she was sixteen, and I was three."
Holiday was born Eleonora Fagan. Her mother's name was Sadie Fagan. Her father was Clarence Holiday, later a guitar player in Fletcher Henderson's orchestra and perhaps McKinney's Cotton Pickers.
But Sadie Fagan's tombstone in St. Raymond's Cemetery in New York says she was born in 1896 (and died in 1946), O'Meally said. Which would have made her 19 when Holiday was born April 7, 1915. And she and Clarence Holiday were never married.
O'Meally believes Sadie Fagan slipped away to Philadelphia to deliver her daughter because of the disapproval from her family because she was pregnant without being married.
No record of Holiday's birth was found in a search done by the Maryland State Archives this week, but then again none was found by searchers at Philadelphia's archives.
And, although "Lady Sings the Blues" has been the accepted version of Holiday's life, its accuracy has often been questioned. Holiday bragged she never read the book and never worked on it, O'Meally said. Another biography, John Chilton's "Billie's Blues," is essentially an account of her adult years as singer from 1933 to 1959.
Many of the documents O'Meally relied on were found by Linda Kuehl, an New York University English professor he described as "a driven research person." Kuehl interviewed scores of persons and accumulated her own archive of photographs, letters, and clippings from black newspapers.
Kuehl died before she could complete a book. O'Meally said he corroborated her evidence and interviewed dozens of people himself.


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If you want to build your dream house..this wooded lot on the outskirts of Albemarle County offers the privacy and seclusion. Bring your builder and come check it out today!
Copyright Charlottesville Area Association of Realtors®. All rights reserved. Information deemed to be reliable but not guaranteed. The data relating to real estate for sale on this website comes in part from the IDX Program of Charlottesville Area Association of Realtors®. Listing broker has attempted to offer accurate data, but buyers are advised to confirm all items. Any use of search facilities of data on this site other than by a consumer interested in the purchase of real estate, is prohibited. Information last updated on 2023-03-27 18:02:11.