system
Given the following post, respond as if you're commenting on Reddit:
human
The Bible says: “If anyone is unwilling to work, he shall not eat.” Is there a name for this ethic stance?

2 Thessalonians 3:10 says: "For even while we were with you, we gave you this command: 'If anyone is unwilling to work, he shall not eat.'" Do you know if there's an established name for this sort of a stance, e.g. "anti-freeloader ethics"?

For background, I'm doing research (economics/history) on public relief works vs. unemployment benefits. In the former an unemployed person is given money only in exchange for labour, and in the latter a person can get money without working (even though other conditionalities may apply). I think "not giving money to idle people" is a strong, universal ethic intuition that has been used to support public works in favour of unemployment benefits, but I'm not sure which word I should use to describe this ethic view.

Also any (philosophical) reading on the intellectual history of this ethical stance is appreciated.
gpt
Marx espouses such a stance in *Critique of the Gotha Program,* writing:

>The same amount of labor which he has given to society in one form, he receives back in another.

This was the initial principle of communism for Marx. Only at a later stage in communism could this be transformed into Marx's more famous slogan: "each according to their ability, each according to their need."

From the Marxist perspective, capitalists generate profit by making the laborer produce more value than they are receiving in payment. In *Capital*, Marx shows through a series of arguments that profit can only be generated by "surplus value" (that is, people work 12 hours, but only get payed for 6 hours worth of labor; the capitalist pockets the six extra hours; he's getting bread from the proletariat that he hasn't worked for). 

 Accordingly, "each according to their contribution" insures that everyone's getting paid for what they put in, and the capitalists aren't stashing something away for themselves.