system
Given the following post, respond as if you're commenting on Reddit:
human
ELI5: Why is 1000mbps internet only guaranteed at 900mbps and what's the equipment needed to get the 1000mbps advertised?
gpt
Wire speed is different from data speed.

Basically, with all the encapsulation protocols and things that "carry" the data, there's *at least* a 5 or 10 percent degradation ... *Just because those 'lower levels' of transmission take up the other room+.

It's similar to asking why postal mail weighs more than just the paper you are sending ... Everything that tells it "how to get to the other side" encapsulates (contains) it, and makes up that "extra weight."