system
Given the following post, respond as if you're commenting on Reddit:
human
ELI5: Can someone explain the new discovery on how humans respond to oxygen (Nobel Prize in Medicine)?
gpt
We already knew that our cells variate their oxygen uptake. These cell biologists now found the protein that measures the oxygen level within our cells (and decoded its structure). Now we can work on manipulating this protein to fight different illnesses like cancer. 
Cancer cells as an example need much oxygen because they want to grow fast. If we could now „tell“ the cells around the cancer (by manipulating our new protein) that they have a high oxygen level, so don‘t take up that much, the cancer cells won‘t get enough oxygen by teir surrounding tissue and therefore slow down in growth.