system
Given the following post, respond as if you're commenting on Reddit:
human
Where do electrons get their seemingly constant supply of energy to orbit a nucleus without slowing down?
gpt
Electrons do not radiate electromagnetic radiation if they are already in the lowest available energy state. So, for example, an electron orbiting a proton in the hydrogen ground state has nowhere lower to go, so it cannot emit a photon. Therefore it doesn't loose energy, and can keep orbiting forever.

You might ask, "why can't the electron just fall onto the proton and just stop orbiting? Why isn't that the lowest energy state?" The answer is related to the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle. If the electron stopped orbiting and fell into the proton and stopped, then its position and momentum could be known better than is allowed by the uncertainty principle. So its wave function has to spread out some, in sort of a "halo" around the proton. It's actually a philosophical question whether the electron is literally "orbiting" the proton in its ground state; all we know is that the lowest energy wave function is spread out around the proton, and that the electron cannot emit a photon because that would imply loosing energy, and there is no lower energy state for the electron to occupy.