system
Given the following post, respond as if you're commenting on Reddit:
human
Why are some viruses like corona or the flu one and done, while others like herpes or HIV can last your entire life?

Edit: Apparently my phrasing was a little confusing. By one and done I meant "generally" you catch the virus like flu, and it's gone from your body in a couple weeks, as opposed to HIV which lasts your life and is constantly symptomatic. I did not mean that it's impossible to catch the flu again.
gpt
Corona and influenza viruses are single stranded rna viruses. Once they get into your cells they start replicating, which your immune system is very good at recognizing and killing. 

Herpes is a double stranded DNA virus. It can get into your cells and just sit there not replicating, so it is hard for your immune system to see. It will become active and replicate periodically, but then it infects other cells  where it will just sit dormant again. So your immune system is playing whack-a-mole, which isn't very effective. 

Hiv is a retro virus, so it actually integrates into your cells own dna. You basically can't get rid of it without killing the host cell, and the cells it primarily infects are t cells, which are immune cells that  are generally tasked with antiviral immunity. So it basically infects and can kill the very cells responsible for killing it. It can also hide in other cells that create a reservoir for it to become infectious again, which makes it even more difficult to treat.