system
Given the following post, respond as if you're commenting on Reddit:
human
ELI5: What are some differences between city state and nation state?
gpt
A city-state is a state whose territory only covers a single city. Historically they were quite common but today the only real examples are Monaco, Singapore, and Vatican City.

A nation-state is a state that is also a nation. A nation is a community of people usually based on a shared language, history, culture, and territory; the meaning is very similar to an ethnic group. A nation-state exists in contrast to a multinational state, where one state comprises one or more nations of people. India is an example of a multinational state comprising dozens or hundreds of nations, while Canada has two (English Canada and French Canada). Japan is an example of a nation-state, since almost all of its people are ethnically Japanese.