system
Given the following post, respond as if you're commenting on Reddit:
human
is there a scientific approach to personality types?

or at least valid scientific words that can describe personalities.
gpt
The "Five Factor Model of Personality" is empirically validated as a measure of personality traits.  It measures on a spectrum: Openness (the spectrum of a need for cognitive closure), Conscientiousness (The spectrum of a need for organization), Extraversion (How much do you need to be around and interacting with people), Agreeableness (The spectrum of a need to get along with others), and Neuroticism (a spectrum of mental health).  

It doesn't categorize people like (for example) the MBTI, although there is a slight correlation between the four aspects of the MBTI and the traits measured by the FFM aside from Neuroticism.  Further research could use the FFM to categorize people into types, depending on where they fall on the range of the factors because where one falls on the different factors predicts various things, for example high Conscientiousness predicts successful job performance, but it also predicts low creativity, High Openness predicts high intellectual curiosity, High Agreeableness predicts sacrificing your own needs for others, and High Neuroticism predicts poor mental health, and so on and so forth, so research focusing on how different scores on different factors interact could be used to develop categorical personality types.  But regardless, if you want a good and validated picture of your personality, the Five Factor Model test (AKA Big Five) will give it to you.

Furnham, A. (1996). The big five versus the big four: the relationship between the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) and NEO-PI five factor model of personality. Personality and Individual Differences, 21(2), 303-307.

McCrae, R. R., & Costa, P. T. (1987). Validation of the five-factor model of personality across instruments and observers. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52(1), 81–90.

McCrae, R. R., & Costa Jr, P. T. (1989). Reinterpreting the Myers‐Briggs type indicator from the perspective of the five‐factor model of personality. Journal of personality, 57(1), 17-40.