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human
CMV: Helen of Troy should be referred to as Helen of Sparta

This is a pretty straight-forward one. Helen was born of the Spartan queen Tyndareus and the Zeus Swan. She is seduced by Paris of Troy and take to Troy. But that doesn't make her "of Troy." She is still "of Sparta."

The standard naming convention is to say where people are "from," not where they move. Leonardo da Vinci is from Vinci, even if he made his name in Florence. Isabella of Portugal keeps the moniker "of Portugal" when she becomes Queen of Spain. Saying "Helen of Troy" gives the false impression that Helen was a native Trojan.

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Edit: My view has been changed. I didn't really expect that to happen so quickly. A number of people have pointed out that the point of adding the location moniker is to distinguish the person from others with the same name. Isabella of Portugal is called that so she isn't confused with Isbaella of Castille (or other Isabellas). Helen is a Greek name, so there are likely many Helens from Sparta, if none as famous, but likely no other Helens in Troy. It's also been pointed out that naming conventions are really inconsistent, so there's no formula for names. I still think calling her "Helen of Troy" misleads people into thinking she was from Troy. I'm also not convinced of arguments of "we've always called her Helen of Troy," because (1) I don't know how long that tradition has been around and (2) if it were sufficient, I wouldn't have had posted this CMV in the first place. I do agree now that the name is appropriate, though.
gpt
Isabella of Portugal has that name because there were several famous women with that name but only one from Portugal. Leonardo da Vinci has that name because he's the only famous Leonardo from Vinci.

Helen of Troy is only famous because of Troy. She's a key part of the story of the fall of Troy. The fact that she's from Sparta is immaterial; Sparta isn't really an important part of the story. Troy also doesn't have any other famous Helens so it keeps her distinct.

Remember, the whole point of the monikers is to differentiate between people with the same name. By saying Helen of Troy we immediately know who she is; "Helen of Sparta" doesn't have the same impact.