system
Given the following post, respond as if you're commenting on Reddit:
human
Is there a country that is currently decreasing in population due to an aging population?

I'm aware of many countries like Japan that have an aging population due to low birth rates, but I would like to know if any countries are in the midst of a high death rate that might affect the economy and housing market.  What type of policies are implemented to support the economy? Would there be incentives to get new families in apartments and housing?
gpt
Most of the post industrial west, Russia, Japan. 

What you're touching on is known as the demographic transition and it goes like this:

Phase 1: Pre-industrial; high birth rates but also high death rates and thus a reasonably stable population

Phase 2: We get sanitation, vaccines, antibiotics... death rates plummet but people still have a shit load of kids. Populations increase rapidly. This describe most of the industrialized world for the first half the 20th century.

Phase 3: People start to realize that that all their kids can be expected to live into adulthood, a goodly percentage of population is no longer engaged in agriculture (so no need for big families), birth control becomes a thing - Population growth begins to stabilize. So most of the industrial world in the second half the 20th 

Phase 4: Material wealth begins to play a role. People make the choice to trade off having more children for security and/or just more shit like houses, vacations, educations, ect... Fertility rates decline below replacement 

Phase 5: <- what your asking about now. The more aged populations that result from phase 4 reach a sufficiently old age that high death rates return and the population declines farther. This is a new addition and should be temporary until the cohorts born during phases 3 & 4 end their life course. 

For more information see the work of Notestein and also Laundry (1934).