system
Given the following post, respond as if you're commenting on Reddit:
human
ELI5:What makes a "bad school" bad?

What makes a "bad school" bad?  I know schools are funded on property taxes and all teachers need the same education and continuing ed to become teachers, so what specifically makes a school bad?  Is it factors outside of the school, like parental involvement?

I used to think people saying an elementary or high school was "bad" was a disguised way of saying there are a lot of minorities at it.  Is this accurate?
gpt
There are several factors, but a lot of it boils down to money.

A school in a poor community might not get the same funding as a school in a rich community, as property taxes will be lower. This has far reaching consequences, as underfunded staff and underfed students will not perform at a higher level.

A school in a bad part of town will have more trouble recruiting the best teachers. Nicer schools are more likely to get the best teachers applying to work there, and may be able to offer them better benefits or a nicer working environment.

A school with a bad reputation will drive away the best students. Parents ate picky when moving to an area, and will buy a house in a better district if possible.

Parental involvement is a possibility, though the differences between a parent population that works constantly and a parent population that is absent/apathetic is trivial. Both types of parenting will show up at any school.