system
Given the following post, respond as if you're commenting on Reddit:
human
Do animals demonstrate traumatic responses to "sexual violence"?

I've read that much reproduction in the animal world is what we would consider rape if they were humans. I was wondering if there are any studies that examine the response of females before an after forces reproduction / "rape". (I put the phrases "sexual violence" and "rape" in quotation marks because I don't want to act as if human sexual assault is "no worse than" as animal reproduction, it obviously is horrible.)
gpt
The other poster is correct that we cannot measure subjective experience in non-human animals. That said, however, we *do* indeed see trauma responses in mammals (someone else will have to contribute for other animals) in response to situations that humans would consider "sexual violence".

As an example of this, kittens can be overpowered and "raped" (quotes for the same reason as you have used them, OP) by adult male cats before they reach a year old. This is known to stunt their growth if they have kittens of their own as a result. Female cats to whom this has happened also have a tendency to exhibit fear, aggression, and avoidance behaviors around male cats for the rest of their lives.