#fixed code
                                @Override
    public Predicate toPredicate(Root<T> root, CriteriaQuery<?> query, CriteriaBuilder cb) {
        Specification<T> combinedSpecs = null;
        for (Specification<T> spec : innerSpecs) {
            if (combinedSpecs == null) {
                combinedSpecs = Specification.where(spec);
            } else {
                combinedSpecs = combinedSpecs.or(spec);
            }
        }
        return combinedSpecs.toPredicate(root, query, cb);
    }
#vulnerable code 
                                @Override
    public Predicate toPredicate(Root<T> root, CriteriaQuery<?> query, CriteriaBuilder cb) {
        Specifications<T> combinedSpecs = null;
        for (Specification<T> spec : innerSpecs) {
            if (combinedSpecs == null) {
                combinedSpecs = Specifications.where(spec);
            } else {
                combinedSpecs = combinedSpecs.or(spec);
            }
        }
        return combinedSpecs.toPredicate(root, query, cb);
    } 
                            #location 11 
                            #vulnerability type NULL_DEREFERENCE