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Steam reforming of ethanol for hydrogen production over sandwich-structured Fe@G@M catalysts (M=Fe, Ni and Co)

Graphene supported transition metal (M) catalyst can not only effectively solve the agglomeration problem of ultrafine metal nanoparticles, but also increase the activity of metal nanoparticles. However, the traditional preparation of graphene was complex, it was prepared quickly by segregating the dissolved carbon atoms from iron in this work. The performance test of Fe@G@M (M=Fe, Ni and Co) showed that Fe@G@Co catalyst had the best catalytic activity in ESR at 550 °C. The experimental yield of H2 was higher than thermodynamic yield, attributed to the reaction of amorphous carbon and Fe with steam. The structure and morphology of catalysts were characterized by XRD, Raman and so on. Because of the reaction between amorphous carbon and steam, CoFe alloy was found in spent Fe@G@Co catalyst. It was found that the content of multilayer graphene was predominant in Fe@G@Co catalyst, proved by reaction of catalysts with steam. The DFT results showed that ethanol and water were adsorbed most strongly on Co (111) surface, it demonstrated the higher catalytic performance of Fe@G@Co catalyst in ESR.