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Three-dimensional electrostatic field analysis of perpendicular cylinders separated by a gap

Conductors of a circular cross section with their axes perpendicular to each other and separated by an insulating medium are encountered in electrical apparatus such as transformers. In order to estimate the withstand voltage, it is necessary to perform an electrostatic field analysis and obtain the inhomogeneity or field factor. For this electrode configuration, three-dimensional (3-D) analysis is necessary. Such an analysis does not seem to have been carried out and published. A 3-D finite-element analysis of perpendicular cylindrical electrodes separated by a gap is presented in this paper.