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Efficacy of heat generation in CTAB coated Mn doped ZnFe2O4 nanoparticles for magnetic hyperthermia

Manganese doped Zinc ferrite (Mn–ZnFe2O4, where Mn  =  0%, 3%, 5% and 7%) nanoparticles were synthesized by a simple co-precipitation method. CTAB (cetyltrimethylammonium bromide) was used as a surfactant to inhibitgrowth and agglomeration. In this work, we have discussed on the influence of CTAB and Mn doping in tailoring the structural and magnetic properties of Mn–ZnFe2O4 nanoparticles for the effective application of magnetic hyperthermia. X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern confirmed the formation of cubic spinel structure of Mn–ZnFe2O4 nanoparticles. Lattice parameter and x-ray densities were obtained from the Rietveld refinement of the XRD pattern. The presence of CTAB as a stabilizing layer adsorbed on the surface of the nanoparticles were confirmed by transmission electron microscope (TEM) and Raman vibrational spectrum. The saturation magnetization showsan increasing trend with Mn addition owing to cationic re-distribution and an increase super-exchange interaction between the two sub-lattices. Superparamagnetic behaviorof Mn–ZnFe2O4 nanoparticles were confirmed by temperature-dependent zero-field-cooling (ZFC) and field-cooling (FC) magnetization curves. The efficiency of induction heating measured by its specific absorption rate (SAR) and intrinsic loss power (ILP) value varies as a function of saturation magnetization. It has been hypothesized that the maximum generation of heat arises from Neel relaxation mechanism. The optimum generation of heat of Mn–ZnFe2O4 nanoparticle is determined by the higher frequency (f  =  337 kHz) range and maximum concentration of Mn doping.