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Effect of TY52156 on Lipopolysaccharide‐induced Inflammatory Responses in Murine Peritoneal Macrophages

Sphingosine 1‐phosphate (S1P), a bioactive lysolipid, acts as a ligand for five G protein‐coupled receptors, S1P1–5. Up‐regulation or activation of sphingosine kinase 1 and subsequent increased generation of S1P have been observed in many cell types, including macrophages and microglia, in response to inflammatory stimuli. Functional roles of S1P1 and S1P2 have been reported in macrophage recruitment during inflammation and atherosclerosis. However, pro‐inflammatory function of S1P has not been fully elucidated at the receptor molecular level.