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Investigation of Caves under Complicated Engineering Geological Conditions using High-density Resistivity Method

16 It is a difficult problem to accurately survey underground caves in the regions 17 characterized by complicated engineering geological and sophisticated geophysical 18 conditions. The cave of Yuanjiacun iron mine features various sedimentary facies and is the 19 focus area for this study. A high-density resistivity method is used to study the accurate 20 survey methods of the cave under complicated engineering geological conditions. The 21 resistivity of the iron ore in the major sedimentary facies is measured using the outcrop 22 method. The results indicate significant resistivity differences among different sedimentary 23 facies. The oxide facies has a high resistivity, and the silicate facies has a low resistivity. 24 Cave investigation forward models for the caves that occur in each sedimentary facies are 25 developed. The forward calculations identify the resistivity anomalies of the caves for the 26 various sedimentary facies. Furthermore, the resistivity characteristics are more evident in 27 the low-resistivity silicate sedimentary facies. Differences in the reflection of caves exist 28 among different arrays, particularly the dipole array more evident. The high-density 29 resistivity method is used to survey the site and the potential safety risks are eliminated by 30 accurately identifying two caves by their resistivity anomaly characteristics. 31