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Signal strength and its effects on processing of confocal images

The effects of detector size and shape in the imaging properties of confocal microscopes are discussed. The presence of stray light in the optical system, shot noise on the beam and detector performance limit the signal to noise ratio available. The effects on the noise performance of the extended-focus (mean) and autofocus (peak) algorithms for forming image projections are presented. Consideration of these various parameters allows the microscope user to obtain the best performance from his instrument for particular applications.