{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.02857142857142857, 'fraction_numerical': 0.004081632653061225, 'mean_word_length': 4.935483870967742, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
Citations: Are They an Objective Measure of Scholarly Merit?

Increasingly, scholars recognize that reputation influences bargaining power in the academic marketplace. Jonathan R. Cole was one of the first to explore such issues systematically.1 He emphasized other researchers' citations of an author's work as a key indicator of that author's stature in the profession. Since then, Daniel S. Hamermesh, George E. Johnson, and Burton A. Weisbrod have shown that the number of times a scholar's work is cited significantly influences his or her salary.2 As Gaye Tuchman suggests, the question that needs to be answered is whether citations are an objective measure of merit-especially when one compares the citations of women and men.3