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Adaptive Design Practice in Clinical Trial

In clinical research, clinical trials are important approaches to evaluate biomedical or behavioral interventions such as new treatments and drugs. Randomization is a widely- adopted technique in modern clinical trial, as it helps to minimize study bias and guarantee safety and efficacy. During the last century, a handful of adaptive randomization techniques has been applied in clinical trial. In general, they all aim to increase power and reduce type 1 error of a clinical trial. However, they use different approaches to achieve the same goal in different scenario. This paper summarized the most commonly used adaptive randomization techniques, compared their roles and real-world application.