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Axonal Transport and Metabolism of Glycoproteins in Rat Sciatic Nerve

Abstract: The axonal transport and metabolism of glycoproteins in sciatic nerve sensory axons were examined from 2 h to 7 weeks following injection of [3H]fucose into the 5th lumbar dorsal root ganglion of adult rats. Incorporation of fucose into glycoproteins was prolonged; only half of the 3H label in the ganglion was acid‐insoluble after 4 h, and maximal labeling did not occur until approximately 24 h after injection. [3H]Glycoproteins were transported distally at a rate of approximately 310 mm per day after a synthesis and/or processing lag of approximately 40 min. Gel electrophoresis demonstrated that many glycoproteins were transported, including prominent labeled species having apparent M.W. of approximately 49,000, 90,000, 118,000, and 132,000. With increasing time after injection, a peak with an apparent M.W. of 49,000 accounted for an increasing proportion of the total label in the nerve. The accumulation of this glycoprotein (possibly a subunit of Na+,K+‐ATPase, an enzyme known to be present in axolemma) was due in part to its preferential deposition in the axons, while other glycoproteins passed through the axons directly to the nerve terminals. Radioactivity in another labeled glycoprotein, with an apparent M.W. of 30,000, also increased preferentially in the nerve relative to other labeled glycoproteins. This was shown to be the myelin P0 protein. This protein was not transported from the ganglion; rather, its increased prominence with time in the nerve was due both to a decrease in amounts of other labeled species and to an absolute increase in labeling of the P0 protein, possibly due to reutilization by the Schwann cells of fucose released during turnover of labeled glycoproteins delivered to the axons by axonal transport.