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Les troubles olfactifs au cours de la sénescence et de deux principales pathologies neurodégénératives

The importance of the Human’s sense of smell is largely underestimated compared to other mammals. The olfactory system in humans is complex and involves two main components: one peripheral (olfactory nerve and epithelium) and the other one central (olfactory bulb and other brain structures involved in emotion and cognition). With improving of life expectancy, especially in developed countries, a declining of olfactory function with aging was objectified. A greater olfactory dysfunction was furthermore described in number of neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease. This relationship between olfactory dysfunction and neurodegenerative diseases has also contributed to revive interest and research on olfaction and olfactory disorders in humans.