{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.03044776119402985, 'fraction_numerical': 0.00955223880597015, 'mean_word_length': 5.396946564885496, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
Isolation of a granulocyte inhibitory protein from uraemic patients with homology of beta 2-microglobulin.

Increased incidence of infection in uraemic patients is mainly caused by granulocyte dysfunction. Recently we discovered a granulocyte inhibitory protein (GIP I) in the ultrafiltrate of haemodialysis patients, that inhibits four fundamental functions of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNLs). We now report on the isolation of a further polypeptide in end-stage renal disease patient ultrafiltrate using a polyamide filter with biological activity inhibiting healthy PMNL function in vitro. This protein (GIP II) has a molecular weight of about 9500 Da. In-vitro nanomolar concentrations inhibit PMNL O2- production and glucose uptake stimulated by phorbol-myristate-acetate (PMA), but not by formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP). In-vitro studies were performed to compare the effects of GIP I and GIP II on several PMNL functions. In contrast to GIP II, GIP I inhibits only FMLP-, but not PMA-stimulated PMNL glucose uptake. The NH2 terminal amino acid sequence (21 amino acids) of GIP II shows homology to beta 2-microglobulin. Commercially available intact beta 2-microglobulin had no effect on PMNL glucose uptake and O2- production. The beta 2-microglobulin homologue protein isolated from plasma ultrafiltrates of uraemic patients cross-reacts with three different commercially available assays for intact beta 2-microglobulin. Therefore, beta 2-microglobulin levels measured in the plasma ultrafiltrates of regular haemodialysis patients are overestimated with contribution of an uncertain amount of the beta 2-microglobulin homologue protein (GIP II).