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No effect of antifungal compounds on functional properties of human antifungal T‐helper type 1 cells

Despite the availability of new antifungal compounds, invasive fungal disease is associated with a high mortality in hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients. A growing body of evidence suggests that T lymphocytes from the T‐helper type 1 (TH1) play an important role in the antifungal host defense, and preliminary data indicate a potential benefit of infusing donor‐derived antifungal TH1 cells to HSCT patients suffering from invasive fungal disease. Unfortunately, it is unclear to date whether the function of these cells is affected by concomitantly administered antifungal agents. We therefore analyzed the effects of various concentrations of commonly used antifungal compounds such as amphotericin B, caspofungin, fluconazole, voriconazole, and posaconazole on the functional properties of cultivated human antifungal TH1 cells. None of the antifungal compounds tested significantly influenced the secretion of interferon‐γ and tumor necrosis factor‐α, and only posaconazole at high concentrations slightly decreased proliferation of antifungal TH1 cells. Our data indicate that the antifungal agents tested do not significantly affect the functional properties of antifungal TH1 cells and can therefore be concomitantly administered.