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An empirical model for the solubility of H2O in magmas to 3 kilobars

Abstract We present 16 new manometric determinations of H2O solubility for a range of natural silicate liquid compositions equilibrated up to 3 kbar of H2O pressure. As the threshold temperature of dehydration of the quenched glasses during measurements of the H2O content becomes lower as a function both of bulk silicate composition and the dissolved H2O content, we measured the H2O released on heating over a range of temperature intervals. For example, alkali-rich samples having a dissolved H2O content greater than ∼6 wt% start to evolve H2O at temperatures less than 150 °C, whereas more mafic samples and silicic samples with less than 6 wt% H2O begin to dehydrate at temperatures greater than 200 8C. This behavior is consistent with the concept that alkali-rich liquids can have their glass transition temperatures lowered substantially by dissolved H2O and that H2O is released only significantly on heating in the supercooled liquid region, rather than in the glass region. Using these new data, in conjunction with previous data from the literature, we refined and extended the empirical H2O solubility model of Moore et al. (1995b). The new model works well (2σ = ± 0.5 wt%) between 700-1200 °C and 1-3000 bar and can be applied to any natural silicate liquid in that range. The model may also be used for systems where XH₂O < 1 in the vapor phase.