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A network model of neurons controlling circadian rhythms

Neurons from the suprachaismatic nucleus (SCN) that control circadian rhythms have been studied by a number of investigators and the first computer model was developed by Sim and Forger (2007) and served as the basis for this work. A network of Hodgkin‐Huxley type neurons were modeled using the JAVA‐based simulation program SNNAP (Simulator for Neural Networks and Action Potentials). SNNAP is freely available at http://nba.uth.tmc/SNNAP/. Two networks were constructed: one consisted of neurons containing sodium, potassium, calcium, leak and input currents. The second type included voltage‐dependent calcium current that regulated calcium dependent potassium currents. In this model, voltage‐dependent calcium currents influenced the ionic pool of calcium, which in turn regulated a calcium‐dependent potassium channel. The latter approach made it more feasible to alter the firing frequency that is observed both in vitro and in vivo. Both networks were constructed using chemical excitatory synapses and resembled small world networks. Reciprocal connections were made between adjacent neurons and each neuron was connected to its neighbor two neurons away. This work was supported by a summer research grant from Saint Joseph's University.