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Role of mitochondria in flow‐induced dilation of human adipose arterioles from subjects with and without coronary artery disease

Flow‐induced dilation (FID) is an important physiological stimulus in regulating tissue blood flow. FID is typically mediated by endogenous vasodilators including nitric oxide (NO) and prostacyclin. In humans with coronary artery disease (CAD), FID occurs but is not mediated by NO; rather hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is responsible. In the coronary circulation H2O2 derives from the mitochondria, but it is not known if this is a generalized process that also involves adipose arterioles. We examined the hypothesis that the mitochondrial electron transport chain critically contributes to FID in human adipose arterioles.