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On the Mechanisms of Exoelectron Emission from Alkali Halides X-Irradiated at Low Temperatures

A collective report is given on the recent studies of the energy spectra of thermally stimulated exoelectrons from alkali halides irradiated with X-rays at 77 K. To obtain significant information regarding the exoelectron emission mechanism, the energy spectra and the surface potential were simultaneously measured in a clean high vacuum. On the basis of an identification of the origin of exoelectrons, the observed energy spectra are compared with previously proposed exoelectron emission models. It is stressed that the space charge and the patch field play important roles in the transport and escape processes of exoelectrons after they are released from color centers through thermal or Auger process.