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The effects of captopril on blood pressure and fluid and electrolyte balance in rats made hypertensive by isolation

Currently, there is widespread interest in the use of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (CEI) for the treatment of arterial hypertension. The orally active CEI captopril (~-3-mercapto-2-methy~-propranoy~-~-pro~ine; SQ14225) lowers blood pressure (BP) in hypertensive man and in several animal models of hypertension (Heel et al 1980), although the mechanism of action remains to be determined. We have shown that housing rats individually in glass metabolism cages causes systolic arterial hypertension (Gardiner & Bennett 1977). Earlier (Bennett & Gardiner 1979). we suggested that isolation-induced hypertension in rats may be a useful animal model for human hypertension since it is susceptible to treatment with the clinically effective p-adrenoceptor antagonists-a phenomenon not consistently seen in other animal models. In the present work we have studied the effects of captopril on BP in rats made hypertensive by short-term isolation. In addition, fluid and electrolyte balances were monitored to determine whether any effects of captopril on BP could be explained by a change in the renal handling of salt and water.