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Overexpression of p28GANK accelerates the metastasis of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of p28GANK expression on the metastasis of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) tissues and to investigate its roles in the metastasis of highly invasive and non‑invasive ESCC cell lines. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and immunohistochemical analyses were performed to assess p28GANK mRNA and protein expression in ESCC tissues and to analyse its significance in ESCC metastasis. qPCR and western blot analyses were used to detect p28GANK mRNA and protein expression in highly invasive and non‑invasive cell lines. Subsequently, lentivirus‑mediated p28GANK short interfering RNA (siRNA) was transfected into highly invasive ESCC cells, and Transwell assays were performed to analyse the effects of p28GANK knockdown on their migration and invasion. The mean expression levels of p28GANK mRNA in the ESCC tissues of patients with metastasis were signiﬁcantly higher than those in the ESCC specimens from patients without metastasis. p28GANK expression in ESCC tissues was correlated with T‑stage, lymph node metastasis and lymphatic invasion. The mRNA and protein expression levels of p28GANK were significantly higher in highly invasive cell lines compared with those of matched, non‑invasive cell lines. Lentivirus‑mediated siRNA knockdown of p28GANK markedly decreased p28GANK expression in EC109‑P and EC9706‑P cells and supressed the metastasis of ESCC cells in vitro. In conclusion, p28GANK expression was increased in metastatic ESCC tissues and cells, and p28GANK knockdown decreased the metastatic ability of ESCC cells. These results suggested that p28GANK may be a potential therapeutic marker for ESCC metastasis.