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[1,4-dihydroisonicotinic acid (1,4-DHINA) derivatives, inhibitors of chemical mutagenesis].

The paper summarizes the results of studies into the modifying effect of some 1,4-dihydroisonicotinic acid (1,4-DHINA) derivatives during chemical mutagenesis in eukaryotic organisms. The compounds under study are effective in reducing the incidence of point and chromosomal mutations induced by ethylmethane sulfonate (EMS) in Drosophila sex cells, displaying the specificity of the influence depending on some factors. The effects of these antimutagens on the formation and repair of chromosomal breaks were studied during mutagenized sperm storage in Drosophila female receptacula semenis. A relation was found between the female sensitivity to antimutagens and the appropriate modifying effect, on the one hand, and the oocytic genotype, on the other. The protective effect of one of 1,4-DHINA derivatives against alkylating agents (EMS and Thiophosphamide) was confirmed by in vivo experiments in mice and in cultured human lymphocytes. The revealed mechanisms of modified chemical mutagenesis both in the Drosophila sex cells and in the mammalian somatic cells are in favour of those of protective action, which are mediated by the antimutagenic cell system, as well as, perhaps, by repair processes.