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Smart sensing of both the direction of acceleration and azimuth utilizing a slim permanent magnet floating in a spherical vessel

This paper discusses the measurement of both direction of acceleration and azimuth utilizing a floating slim magnet in a spherical vessel. At first, we describe the structural mechanism of the sensor head for making its simple assembly. Then, we clarify the mathematical formulation to evaluate the magnetic field intensity sensed at Hall-Effect devices around the vessel, and also the signal processing algorithm for determining the magnetic position as a common of magnetic potential curves. Finally, the results of calculation and experiments are compared to verify the validity of the mathematical formulations for obtaining the magnetic field intensity. Also, we show how the intensities are processed for the direction of acceleration and azimuth.