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Germination of Artificial Seeds Obtained from Somatic Embryos of 41 B M.G. (V. Vinifera L. CVS. Chassellas X V. Berlandieri) American Rootstock

ABSTRACT High frequency somatic embryogenesis was induced from immature zygotic embryo explants of 41 B M.G. (V. vinifera L. cvs. Chassellas x V. berlandieri) American root-stock on B5 medium supplemented with 1 mg/l 2,4-D. The somatic embryos were encapsulated in calcium alginate gel using various concentrations of sodium alginate (3 and 4%) and calcium chloride (75, 100 and 125 mM) in order to determine the effect of rigidity of bead on the conversion frequency of somatic embryos. The optimal combination for encapsulation was found to be the mixture of 3% sodium alginate and 125 mM calcium chloride. The encapsulated somatic embryos were transferred to the hormone free medium for germination and germination rates between 54 and 74% were obtained.