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Tamoxifen modulation of cisplatin resistance in patients with metastatic melanoma a biologically important observation

Background. Treatment with the four‐drug combination of dacarbazine (DTIC), carmustine (BCNU), cisplatin (DDP), and tamoxifen (TAM) has resulted in an overall response rate of more than 50% in patients with metastatic melanoma. Deletion of TAM from the regimen resulted in a decrease in the response rate to 10%, suggesting an important role for TAM. The authors have subsequently demonstrated that TAM is highly synergistic with DDP in a human melanoma cell line, T‐289, which supports the clinical observation that TAM is important in this regimen. The authors conducted a clinical trial to determine whether the addition of TAM can overcome established DDP resistance in patients with malignant melanoma.