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FBGs cascade interrogation technique based on wavelength-to-delay mapping and KLT analysis

The Karhunen-Loeve transform is applied to the coarsely sampled impulse response generated by an FBG cascade in order to calculate the temperature change suffered by the FBGs. Thanks to a dispersive media, the wavelength change performed by the temperature change produces a delay shift in the sample generated by an FBG, delay shift which is recorded in the eigenvalues calculated by the KLT routine, letting to measure the temperature variation. Although the FBGs samples are represented only by four points, a continuous temperature measurement can be performed thanks to the KLT algorithm. This means a three order reduction in the number of points giving this method a low computational complexity. Simulations are performed to validate the interrogation technique and estimate performance and an experimental example is provided to demonstrate real operation.