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Science, Economics and Sustainable Development: Making Measurement Meaningful

The publication in 1987 of ‘Our Common Future’ provided the most commonly used definition of sustainable development as development that ‘‘meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.’’ This formula has enormous human appeal and has stood the test of time. For such a high-level concept to be more than just words, however, signatories to the 1992 Rio Declaration appreciated that they had to be able to measure progress towards the objective of sustainability. Thus, in Agenda 21, they urged countries to ‘‘develop the concept of indicators of sustainable development’’ in a way that would ‘‘contribute to a self-regulating sustainability of integrated environment and development systems.’’ Ten years later, however, there is still no internationally agreed method of measuring sustainability and at the World Summit on Sustainable Development (WSSD),