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Determining the Influence of the Built Environment on Pedestrian-Vehicle Crashes in Dekalb County, Georgia Using Geographic Information Systems

This study aimed to examine how the characteristics of the road network and the built environment influence the frequency of pedestrian-vehicle crashes. Pedestrian crashes (2000 – 2007) on major roads in DeKalb County of Georgia were obtained from Georgia Department of Transportation. Hotspot analysis was performed on locations with frequent pedestrian incidents to determine their built environment characteristics. Using Geographic Information Systems, the built environment was characterized using road grade, curvature, population density, the amount stores and restaurants, bars, and public transit stops nearby. A negative binomial regression model was used to examine the influence of the built environment characteristics on pedestrian crashes. The results showed that all the variables except for road grade were positively associated with increased number of pedestrian crashes. Findings provided insights into the influence of built environment characteristics which is important for injury prevention to improve pedestrian safety. INDEX WORDS: Pedestrian incidents, Geographic Information Systems, Built environment DETERMINING THE INFLUENCE OF THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT ON PEDESTRIAN-VEHICLE CRASHES IN DEKALB COUNTY, GEORGIA USING GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS