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Book Reviews: Duncan, Otis Dudley, Featherman, David L., and Duncan, Beverly. Socioeconomic Background and Achievement. New York: Seminar Press, 1972. 284 + xxiii pp. $14.50

Regardless of one's particular disposition toward highly mathematical approaches to social research, this book deserves close study. Its authors, each widely recognized in the field of sociology, have collaborated to develop and scrutinize a series of mathematical models of what is commonly called the status attainment process. The result, while a nightmare of numbers, equations, and complex diagrams which is certain to repell at least as many readers as it attracts, is an impressive series of analyses of the background variables, "intervening variables," and career contingencies that help to explain occupational achievement and social stratification in American society. The authors ' starting point is a "basic model" of the achievement process which includes six variables: three pertaining to social background (father's education, father's occupational status, and number of siblings), one intervening variable (formal education), and two socioeconomic status measures (occupational status and income). This is the model that Otis Dudley Duncan, the senior author, and Peter M. Blau derived in their major study of a special 1962 U. S. census survey known as Occupational Changes in a Generation (OCG) and published in 1967 under the title The American Occupational Structure. The mathematical technique used to generate the parameters of this basic model is, at least in its elementary forms, a straightforward derivation of multiple linear regression analysis known as path analysis. It is Duncan himself who has been largely responsible for the systematic development and introduction of this technique into formal