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Induction of a cytolytic T‐cell response in mice with a recombinant adenovirus coding for tumor antigen P815A

We investigated the efficacy of a recombinant adenovirus in inducing a cytolytic T‐lymphocyte (CTL) response in mice against tumor antigen P815A, which is present on mouse mastocytoma P815. The recombinant adenoviral vector (Adeno.PIA) contained the sequence coding for the antigenic nonapeptide which binds to the H‐2.Ld molecule to form antigen P815A. We verified that murine cells infected in vitro with Adeno.PIA were lysed by an anti‐P815A CTL clone. Mice then received a single intradermal injection of Adeno.PIA, and after a few weeks their spleen cells were stimulated in vitro with tumor cells expressing antigen P815A. An anti‐P815A CTL response was observed with the spleen lymphocytes of nearly all the mice, providing the lymphocytes were re‐stimulated in vitro with cells expressing both P815A and co‐stimulatory molecule B7.1. When the stimulatory cells did not express B7.1, a specific CTL response was observed in only 45% of the mice, and it was less intense. The Adeno.PIA viral vector was unable to raise an anti‐P815A response in mice that had been previously infected with a recombinant adenovirus carrying the β‐galactosidase gene or with a defective adenovirus. We conclude that adenoviral vectors may be very useful for the priming of cytolytic T‐cell responses directed against human tumor antigens. Other modes of immunization may be necessary to boost the responses induced with adenoviral vectors. © 1996 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.