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Isolation, Identification and Pharmacological Activities of Endophytic Fungi from Aponogeton undulatus Roxb.

The objective of this study 
is to isolate, identify and investigate the 
pharmacological activities of the endophytic fungi from an aquatic plant Aponogeton undulatus Roxb. (A. 
undulatus). Endophytic fungi were isolated and identified based 
on morphological characters. The 
molecular identification of the fungal isolates was performed using by 
analyzing the DNA sequence based on mega BLAST program. Spectrums of 
antibacterial and antifungal activities were 
studied by Agar diffusion methods. Extracts of the endophytic fungal 
strains isolated from the plant A. undulatus were screened for probable 
cytotoxic activities using brine shrimp lethality 
bioassay. Six endophytic fungi, namely AULE-1, AULE-2, AULE-3, AURE-1, AURE-3 and AURE-4 were isolated and purified from the leaves and roots of the plant such as strains AULE-1 as Trichooderma sp., 
AULE-2 as Carvularia sp. AULE-3 as Penicillium sp. strains AURE-1 
and AURE-4 as Fusarium sp. and AURE-3 as Mucor sp. Strain AURE-4 was further identified as Fusarium solani. At 300 μg/disc concentration, six ethyl acetate extracts of endophytic 
fungi of the plant A. undulates showed 
moderate to significant activities against 
most of the test bacteria and pathogenic fungi. The strain AURE-4 
exhibited strong cytotoxic activities (10.18 μg/mL) compared to the standard 
antitumor agent vincristine sulphate and this 
positive result suggests that fungal extracts may contain antitumor or 
pesticidal compounds. This is the first study to report the isolation, 
identification, antimicrobial and cytotoxic properties of endophytic fungi of Aponogeton undulatus Roxb. in 
Bangladesh.