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Promoting Mexico’s International Image: Universal Exhibitions and World’s Fairs

Mexico participated in universal exhibitions during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. President Porfirio Díaz and officials in the Ministry of Development used international exhibitions to correct the views of foreign observers who only knew Mexico as politically unstable and unsafe for financial investment. Their commissions deployed the “teaching state” to educate Europeans and Americans about Mexico’s assets in minerals, agricultural products, and labor. The government’s “labors of propaganda” also aimed to increase trade in manufactured goods, acquire foreign technology, and encourage European immigration. Mexico’s arsenal of visual symbols and mnemonic devices to bolster its image is best understood within the context of an ongoing series of international fairs held during global recessions. Mexico’s star attractions at exhibitions were Mining Pavilions to signify the foundation of the national economy.