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PHYTOCHEMICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCREENING OF Enhydra fluctuans Lour.

The study was aimed to evaluate pharmacological activities of the leaves of Enhydra fluctuans Lour. (Family-Asteraceae). The interesting reported pharmacological activities, coupled with the use of the plant in traditional medicine qualify E. fluctuans Lour. for possible analgesic, antidiarrhoeal and antioxidant activities. These activities were investigated on animal model like Swiss albino mice. Phytochemical analysis using standard screening methods indicated the presence of alkaloids, tannins, steroids, gums, glycosides, saponins and flavonoids in the ethanolic plant extract. The ethanolic extract obtained by cold extraction method, showed anti oxidant activity of IC50 = 197 µgm/ml in DPPH assay while that of the standard ascorbic acid was observed to be IC50 = 18 µgm/ml. In Folin-Ciocalteau assay total phenolic content was found to be 157 mg GAE/100 gm of dry powder. This extract when applied at 250 and 500 mg/kg exhibits significant inhibition of writhing reflex 25.43% (p< 0.02) and 40.67 % (p< 0.05) respectively while with that of the standard drug diclofenac sodium inhibition was observed to be 68.82% (p<0.001) at a dose of 25 mg/kg body weight. In castor oil induced method the extract produced 23.81 and 47.62 % (p<0.02 and p<0.01) inhibition of diarrhoea at the doses of 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg body weight, respectively while standard loperamide showed 85.72 % (p<0.001) inhibition at a dose of 3 mg/kg body weight.