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Genetic analysis of CR1 (the C3b complement receptor, CD35) expression on erythrocytes of HIV-infected individuals.

The number of C3b receptor (CR1) molecules on erythrocytes is genetically determined by two codominant autosomal alleles. The genetic polymorphism of CR1 expression correlates with a Hind III restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) of the CR1 gene. The relative frequency of individuals homozygous for the allele coding for low CR1 numbers is approximately 5% of the normal population. CR1 numbers/erythrocytes are significantly decreased in symptomatic HIV-infected individuals. Decreased CR1 expression correlates with the severity of disease. The present study investigated the CR1 genomic Hind III RFLP-related polymorphism in 79 HIV-infected individuals and 84 healthy subjects. Allele frequencies were found to be similar in both populations. Thus, there is no susceptibility nor resistance to HIV-infected linked to the CR1 gene. Defective expression of CR1 in HIV-infected patients is acquired through central and/or peripheral mechanisms.