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Dillenia Indica Fruit Extract Suppressed Diet-induced Obesity in Rats by Down-regulating the mRNA Level of Proadipogenic Transcription Factors and Lipid Metabolizing Enzymes



Dillenia indica (Family: Dilleniaceae) is an antioxidant-rich edible fruitbearing
medicinal plant. The fruit of this plant (known as elephant apple) has many uses in traditional
medicine.



By considering its antioxidant content and ameliorating effects, this study aimed to evaluate
the anti-adipogenic effects of D. indica fruit extract (DIFE) on high-fat diet (HFD) fed obese
rats.



Male Wistar rats were fed with a standard diet (SD), or high-fat diet (HFD), or HFD
with 100 mg/kg or 200 mg/kg or 400 mg/kg DIFE for 8 weeks. The fruit extract was given orally
by feeding gavage. The body weight, liver weight, visceral fat weight, plasma lipids, and oxidative
stress-related parameters were measured. The mRNA level of different adipogenesis related transcription
factors, lipogenic and lipolytic enzymes was also evaluated.



Consumption of DIFE daily (400 mg/kg) for 8 weeks resulted in a significant reduction of
high-fat diet-induced body weight, liver weight, visceral fat weight, total cholesterol, and LDL-cholesterol
level. High-fat diet-mediated elevation of oxidative stress markers was also lowered,
with a parallel augmentation of the activities of antioxidant enzymes, due to 400 mg/kg DIFE feeding.
DIFE also down-regulated the mRNA level of important pro-adipogenic factors like PPARγ,
LXRα, and SREBP1c which consequently downregulated the transcript levels of lipogenic enzymes:
ACC, FAS, HMGCR, and DGAT. The transcript level of lipolytic enzyme, HSL was also
down-regulated in 400 mg/kg DIFE-fed rats.



 These findings indicate that the antioxidant-rich ethanolic extract of D. indica fruit
can down-regulate the gene expression of pro-adipogenic transcription factors and lipid metabolizing
enzymes and thus can suppress diet-induced obesity in Wistar rat.
