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[A dynamic model of the muscular pump of the calf in deep venous insufficiency].

The dynamic model described in 1989 is characterised by the emptying of blood from perforators into the deep venous column (DVC) during a muscle contraction. Muscular squeezing and convective acceleration favor such emptying. In 1990, using dynamic venous endoscopy, it was possible to define the following for a saphenous vein: an outer (or deep) surface, an inner (or superficial) surface and two edges. In 1992, it can be said that the deep veins also have two surfaces and two edges. Anatomically, valve commissures are on the edges of the veins which are also known as commissural lines. Physiologically, this zone (edge of the vein) is potentially less collapsible. Diagrams of models of muscle pumps require modification: valve commissures and orifices of perforators must be aligned. Fluid flow (flux and reflux) is more durable along the edges of the vein.