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Self-assembled monolayers on gold nanospheres studied by optical second-harmonic generation

Recently plasmonic biosensors consisting of gold nanoparticles have been developed. In order to understand the response of the biosensors, we have investigated how are gold nanospheres immobilized on a surface covered by a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) which is formed by immersion of the substrate in a solution, by use of surface second-harmonic generation (SHG). The surface immobilized gold nanospheres (SIGNs) are supported by a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) of aminoundecanthiol on a gold thin film. The SIGN substrate was immersed in an ethanol solution of hemicyanine-terminated alkanethiol. The capping angles of the hemicyanine SAM with respect to the top of the SIGN were evaluated from polarization dependence of SHG intensity. The SIGNs are not fully covered with the SAM, and the capping angle is found to be approximately 120 degrees.