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Oligometastatic cancer: an entity, a useful concept, or a therapeutic opportunity?

Theword ‘oligometastases’ was coined in 1995 by Hellman and Weichselbaum who proposed ‘the existence of a clinical significant state of oligometastases’. It seemed to them to be a useable term by which to identify a subset of patients who have disseminated cancer, but in whom metastases were few in number. The diagnostic term oligometastatic disease is now being used with increasing frequency in the argot of multidisciplinary team meetings. It provided the title of a session at the 14th World Conference on Lung Cancer (IASLC July 2011). How has this come about? In this analysis I consider the usage of the term from four view points.