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Metabolomics in Radiotherapy: Current Paradigms and Future Perspectives

Over the last 100 years, much advancement has been made towards understanding the hallmarks of cancer and finding an amicable solution for the treatment of cancer. Still, understanding the clinical management of cancer with its increasing incidence in the 21st century poses great challenge. Radiation therapy is one of the significant modalities which remain an important component as far as cancer treatment is concerned. The main goal of the treatment is to prevent the multiplication of cancer cells and further metastasis. Human exposure to ionizing radiation (IR) has a great impact on the metabolic processes in the normal cells and tissues apart from tumor cells. Therefore, analysis of the metabolites in the stress–responsive pathways and generating a multi-metabolite profiles of the personnel having a great potential in the identification of robust biomarkers that help in predicting the radiation toxicology. This facilitates studying in–depth, the molecular response of cells in response to radiotherapy. In this review, we have focused on the active role of metabolomics in studying the post-radiotherapy changes in the patients and the identification of unique pathways that can be targeted to alleviate the harmful effects of radiation exposure.