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Messages from forgotten friends: classic cell adhesion molecules inhibit regeneration too

A necessary step toward complete functional recovery after spinal cord injury is the regeneration of axons. Axon regrowth after injury is prevented by a myriad of intrinsic and extrinsic factors. In this issue of The EMBO Journal, Huang et al ( ) demonstrate that the cell adhesion molecule NB‐3 (CNTN6) functions as a major brake on axon regrowth when it is activated by NB‐3 from scar‐forming cells at the injury site. Disruption of this NB‐3 trans‐cellular signaling led to impressive axon regrowth after spinal cord transection.