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Changing dynamics of social policy in democracy: comparing pension and health reforms in Taiwan

ABSTRACT Much research attaches importance of democracy to welfare expansion. We offer a revised argument to neutralize this view. Drawing on the insights of historical institutionalism, we examine the reforms of the National Pension Insurance and National Health Insurance in Taiwan, and compare their policy processes alongside four dimensions: actor constellations, interactive modes of policymaking, policy networks, and power relationships. We highlight the diverse political dynamics in terms of the state capacity and state-society relationships that led to different policy outcomes. The present study offers an insight for understanding the intricate relationships between democratization and social policy in East Asia.