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Steam treatment, recycling and power (STRAP) the municipal solid waste: UK perspective

The introduction of the European Landfill Directive means that the UK will be forced to minimise landfill of municipal solid waste (MSW) and seek alternative treatment options. This article considers one such process scheme that converts the MSW into an environment-friendly product. The process not only offers sanitised recyclables to achieve maximum recycling targets but also recovers green energy from the solid waste post-recycling. The utilisation of the biodegradable fraction of MSW as a bio-energy resource is intimately linked with the waste management policies that a country practises and with public perception. Energy recovery systems for MSW thus have to be integrated with other methods of treatment, recovery and disposal to avoid conflicting claims on the waste/fuel stream. Policies promoting the diversion of waste from landfill provide an opportunity for MSW energy recovery. Public perception and general objections are currently critical barriers that are hindering the deployment of energy recovery systems for MSW in several countries. Selective reporting on emissions has contributed to negative perceptions. For Local Environment Vol. 13, No. 7, 653–661, October 2008