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The role of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) in defining synapse-specific function and plasticity

Abstract One neuron receives thousands of inputs through synapses, which contain distinct molecular components and display different properties. It has been a major challenge in neuroscience to understand the development and function of specific synapses. One of the critical molecules involved in shaping synapse-specific properties is the cell adhesion molecule (CAM). Remarkable numbers of studies have shown the importance of cell-cell interaction mediated by various types of CAMs in defining synapse-specific function. Here, we summarize current understanding of CAMs playing a pivotal role in constructing neural circuits and guiding synapse-specific plasticity. Different CAMs localized at specific synapses are discussed in this review.