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Comparison of intraperitoneal bupivacaine alone or with dexmedetomidine or tramadol for post-operative analgesia following laparoscopic cholecystectomy

Introduction: This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of Intraperitoneal Bupivacaine alone or with dexmedetomidine or tramadol for relief of pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Material and Methods: The patients were divided into 3 Groups of 50 each, Group A was given 50 ml 0.25% bupivacaine and 5 ml normal saline, Group B 50ml 0.25% bupivacaine plus tramadol 1mg/kg wt and Group C, 50ml 0.25% bupivacaine plus dexmedetomidine 1ug/kg. The duration of analgesic effect was noted based on the time difference between the disappearance of pain after the analgesic injection and reappearance of pain was recorded and assessed by using VAS scale. Results: The number of females were slightly more than the male. The age group of the patients predominantly ranged between 31-40 years. Pain was significantly lower in Group C i.e. patients given bupivacaine plus dexmedetomidine compared to the patients in Group A and Group B. Patients in Group A i.e. with bupivacaine alone had the highest VAS score. Post-surgery, minor complications were seen in a few patients, with nausea being most common, followed by vomiting and pruritis. Conclusion: Bupivacaine plus dexmedetomidine given to patients who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomies was more effective as an analgesic compared to Bupivacaine alone or in combination with Tramadol