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Prompting of passwords in speaker verification systems

The problem of how to prompt a client with a password in an automatic prompted speaker verification system is addressed. Text-prompting of four-digit sequences is compared to speech-prompting of the same sequences, and speech-prompting of fourdigit sequences is compared to speech-prompting of five-digit sequences. Speech recordings are analyzed by comparing speaker verification performance and by inspecting the number and type of speaking errors that subjects made. It is found that text-prompting works better than speech-prompting for the four-digit sequences, given that speaker models were trained on text-prompted digits.