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Performance enhancement of a microstrip patch antenna using dual‐layer frequency‐selective surface for ISM band applications

A microstrip patch antenna working at 2.4 GHz at ISM band is presented in this work by employing an altered anchor‐shaped dual‐layer frequency‐selective surface (DLFSS) on a microstrip substrate. Both the traditional method and the proposed one are shown in order to show the advantage of employing this DLFSS structure. In the new technique, simulations and design optimizations of the antennas and FSS structure are undertaken on a low‐cost FR4 substrate with εr = 4.4, h = 1.58 mm and tanδ = 0.0035 in the given 3D CST MSW setting. The traditional FSS technique of the same configuration is also used in the same setting and the outcome of the antenna performance with and without DLFSS is replicated and compared. The results show that the measurements given by the suggested new model are in synchronization with the theoretical results and prove that they have greater gain and beam width at 2.4 GHz bandwidth; they also show improved return loss.