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Cariogenic Potential of Bifidobacterium in Gnotobiotic Rats

To date, no reports exist about the cariogenicity of Bifidobacterium in animal models. Organisms considered as Bifidobacterium have been found recently to constitute about 1% of the flora of coronal dental plaque of military recruits (van Palenstein-Helderman et al., Caries Res 11: Abstr. No. 119, 1977) and possess considerably acidogenic and aciduric capabilities. Consequently, two strains, identified according to methods described by Holmberg and Nord (J Gen Microbiol 91:1744 1975), were tested for cariogenicity in gnotobiotic rats. Strain 98B10 was isolated from human approximal dental plaque and strain 39B from human feces. Germ-free Sprague-Dawley rats, raised at the Forsyth Dental Center and sustained on a low fluoride diet§ (L-356) until testing, were fed cariogenic diet 2000 (Keyes and Jordan, Arch Oral Biol 9:377-400, 1964) three days prior to inoculation with cells cultivated overnight in Trypticase soy broth (B.B.L.). For each strain, one group of eight rats (four weanling and four older rats), housed in one isolator, was used. The germ-free techniques employed have been described by Gibbons, Socransky, and Kapsimalis (J Bacteriol 88:1316-1323, 1964). Five months after inoculation, all rats were sacrificed and, after decapitation, six molar teeth were extracted and ground in tissue grinders for enumeration of the test organisms (van Houte et al., J Dent Res 55:202-215, 1976). The jaws with the remaining six molar teeth were defleshed by dermestid beetles and used for caries evaluation (Green and Hartles, Brit J Nutr 20: