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WHO Human Genetics Programme: A Brief Overview

A reduction of the mortality and morbidity caused by communicable diseases and malnutrition has changed the disease spectrum of different countries. As a result, certain diseases such as congenital and hereditary ones have been recognized as being major health burdens. The birth prevalence of infants with congenital disorders, including those that are trivial or relatively easily corrected, is generally estimated to be about 25–60/1,000. In general, the burden of genetic disorders is heaviest in developing countries because they lack a social support system [1]. Due to recent progress in molecular genetics, it is now evident that inherited predisposition is also important in a number of common diseases of later life, such as atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, some rheumatic, oncological and mental illnesses, which prematurely develop into handicaps in predisposed people, affecting at least up to 40% of the world’s population. Community genetic services are relatively inexpensive in view of the great social and financial burden of the chronic disease avoided [1]. It appears that genetic approaches are set to become an integral part of many aspects of medical practice, and it is important for health workers to have a basic understanding of medical genetics. There is therefore a need for international collaboration in improving genetic health education at all levels and in improving health through genetic approaches.