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Evaluation of treatment regimens for blood glucose regulation in type II diabetes using pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modeling

Patients, diagnosed with type II diabetes, first treated with an oral drug but in most cases the satisfactory glycemic control can not be achieved unless the insulin therapy is also considered. Finding the most efficient treatment regimen for each individual is a try and error procedure requiring the performance of several tests on the patients. In this paper pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) models of metformin and four types of insulin (regular, NPH, lente and ultralente) are incorporated in the physiological model of the glucose-insulin interactions for type II diabetes. The model can be used as a simulated patient to evaluate the various treatment regimens and suggest the most efficient one to be applied on the real patient.