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Influence of reflected waves at a terminal of nonreciprocal phase-shift CRLH transmission lines on the leaky wave radiation

The influence of reflected waves at a terminal of a nonreciprocal phase-shift composite right/left handed transmission line on the leaky wave radiation is investigated. In the numerical simulation, the radiation characteristics for both a one-way propagation along the nonreciprocal phase-shift composite right/left handed transmission line and a propagation along the same line but with the reflected waves at the terminal are compared. The numerical results validate gain enhancement of the obliquely unidirectional leaky wave radiation by more than 3 dB due to additional radiation from the reflected waves.