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Voxel based Analysis of DTI in Depression Patients

Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is a powerful technique for the assessment of white matter structural integrity and connectivity. There is a growing appreciation of the importance of connectivity to brain function. Disruption of this connectivity can result in brain dysfunction manifested in impaired cognitive functioning and the development of clinical symptoms. White matter forms the basis of anatomical connectivity. DTI is a useful tool for examining and quantifying white matter microstructure. Clinical research studies in alcoholism, HIV-1 infection, geriatric depression and schizophrenia using DTI have revealed abnormalities in white matter microstructure. The use of complementary imaging methods may be helpful in further characterizing these abnormalities. Other psychiatric disorders may also have white matter involvement amenable to study with DTI. Advances in acquisition and analysis methods will be necessary to further advance work in this field. In this paper, the voxel-based analysis in DTI is introduced to investigate the whole brain abnormalities between the refractory depression male patients and normal controls. The significant reduction of fractional anisotropy (FA) value is found in frontal lobe, anterior cingulated, Temporal Lobe and other regions in refractory depression patients, and no areas of significantly higher FA in patients compared with healthy volunteers. Our result supports the hypothesis that neuroanatomical circuit abnormality is a key factor in the functional anatomy of refractory depression.