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BIOENERGETICS OF CALLING IN OYSTER TOADFISH OPSANUS TAU

Male advertisement calls attract females and are usually loud and repeated at a high rate for long periods. Metabolic costs of sound production are one of the most expensive activities in animals (Prestwitch 1994). Energetics of mate calling has been studied in insects, frogs, birds and mammals but not in fishes. Nesting male oyster toadfish Opsanus tau produce a boatwhistle advertisement call in choruses to attract females using one of the fastest muscles known in vertebrates (Fine 1989, Rome et al. 1996). We measured the energetic costs of boatwhistle emission by respirometry. Because toadfish will not boatwhistle in a respirometer, we elicited sound production with electrical stimulation of the sonic swimbladder muscle nerve.