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Introgression of the Brown Norway Renin Gene onto the Dahl Salt Sensitive Genetic Background Restores Endothelium‐Dependent Vascular Relaxation by Reducing Oxidative Stress in the Cerebral Vasculature

Dahl salt sensitive (SS) rats fed low salt (LS) diet are normotensive but have severe endothelial dysfunction, chronically low plasma renin activity and low plasma angiotensin II levels. This study assessed endothelial function in isolated middle cerebral arteries (MCA) from male SS rats and congenic rats receiving a 2.0 Mbp portion of Brown Norway (BN) chromosome 13 containing the BN renin allele (Ren1‐BN). All rats were fed LS diet (0.4% NaCl) since weaning. MCAs from Ren1‐BN congenic rats exhibited dose‐dependent dilation to acetylcholine (10−10 – 10−5 M) whereas MCAs from the SS rats did not. Vascular superoxide (dihydroethidium fluorescence) and hydrogen peroxide levels (Amplex Red) were significantly elevated in cerebral arteries of SS rats compared to Ren1‐BN congenic rats, and chronic antioxidant treatment with tempol (15 mg/kg/day) restored vascular relaxation in SS rats. Western blot analysis of multiple antioxidant enzymes showed significantly greater expression of Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase in cerebral arteries of the Ren1‐BN congenic rats. These results suggest that restoring normal regulation of the renin‐angiotensin system by introgressing the BN renin allele onto the Dahl SS genetic background rescues endothelial function by increasing antioxidant enzyme expression and reducing oxidative stress. (NIH #HL65289, #HL72920, #HL92026).