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Simulation of water around a model protein helix. 1. Two-dimensional projections of solvent structure

The water structure around a model α-helix in solution is investigated by molecular simulation. A marked contrast is seen between the hydration of the α and β carbons on one side of the helix axis and of the carbonyl oxygen on the other side. Three well-defined peaks in the oxygen density, loosely corresponding to three layers of water, are found around the two hydrophobic atoms. In contrast, around the hydrophilic carbonyl oxygen the first two peaks merge into a single large peak. Analysis of the water orientation shows that on average the water dipoles are parallel to the surface of the helix