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Factors affecting germination and emergence of glyphosate-resistant hybrid corn (Zea mays L.) and its progeny

Abstract: Laboratory and greenhouse experiments were conducted to compare the effects of agronomic and environmental factors on germination and emergence of glyphosate-resistant (GR) hybrid corn (Mycogen 2G681) and its progeny. The germination of GR hybrid corn and its progeny was 84% to 97% at day/night temperatures of 15/10 °C to 42.5/30 °C, while higher (45/35 °C) and lower (0/0 °C) temperatures reduced germination to ≤6%. Germination was >90% at all alternating as well as constant light and dark periods at a fixed day/night temperature of 30/20 °C. At osmotic stress level of 0 to -0.3 MPa, >90% of hybrid corn and progeny seeds germinated, while osmotic stress level of -0.4 to -1.3 MPa reduced germination to <65%. Greater than 90% germination was observed at a wide range of salt concentrations (0-160 mM), with the lowest germination (53%) at 320 mM. More than 87% cumulative seedling emergence of hybrid corn and its progeny occurred at a depth of 0.5-6 cm and hybrid corn emergence reduced from 86% to 23% compared with 21% to 2% reduction of progeny at 1 and 2 d of flooding, respectively.