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Angiogenic properties of the carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1.

The carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1), a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, is expressed in microvessels of proliferating tissues such as endometrium, in tissues after wounding, and in solid human tumors. In microvascular human endothelial cells, purified native and recombinant CEACAM1 stimulates proliferation, chemotaxis, and tube formation. In the chorioallantoic membrane of the chicken, CEACAM1 induces angiogenesis. The angiogenic effects of CEACAM1 are additive to those of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). The expression of CEACAM1 is up-regulated by VEGF, and VEGF-induced in vitro tube formation is blocked completely by a monoclonal CEACAM1 antibody. These findings indicate that CEACAM1 is an angiogenic factor and an effector of VEGF.