{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.01910551454624403, 'fraction_numerical': 0.0, 'mean_word_length': 5.417827298050139, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
Highlight: Oxidative Stress and Senescence

A relation between oxidative stress and aging has been hypothesized for decades. This issue of Biological Chemistry presents articles focusing on molecular processes that result from oxidative damage of biomolecules, such as protein oxidation (see the article by Breusing and Grune) and oxidative DNA damage (Bertram and Hass), that are recognized by the cell as signal stimulating regulatory circuits. These regulatory processes may ultimately fail and contribute to the occurrence of aging phenomena (see the article by Rattan, who also discusses potential intervention strategies). A second aspect aims beyond oxidative damage to biomolecules as a reason for loss of function and cause of aging. Five articles focus on cellular signaling cascades and regulatory processes that both are affected by stressful stimuli and also modulate the cellular antioxidant defense, such as estrogen and phytoestrogeninduced signaling (Viña et al.) and processes relying on transcription factors of the FoxO family (Sedding). These latter transcription factors as well as several other transcriptional regulators are modulated by acetylation, which in turn is controlled by sirtuins. Their roles in cardiovascular aging are dealt with in the article by Hsu et al. The modulation of FoxO signaling also is one aspect of cellular action of the ‘anti-aging hormone’ Klotho. Kuro-o summarizes current knowledge on the cellular and molecular consequences of Klotho action. Finally, Abdelmohsen and colleagues discuss stress-responsive regulation of gene expression at the posttranscriptional level and its relation to senescence processes. Considering the large number of oxidative and antioxidative processes affecting senescence and which are modulated during aging, an obvious question is whether and how far biomarkers of oxidative stress may be a useful addition to the bulk of currently employed senescence markers. This topic is addressed by Simm and colleagues. We thank the Editors of Biological Chemistry and the Editorial Staff, in particular the Editor-in-Chief Helmut Sies and the Managing Editor Torsten Krüger, respectively, and the experts in the field who served as reviewers. Above all, we are indebted to the authors who contributed to this Highlight Issue.