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Language, Ideology, and Anarchism

As an emancipatory doctrine, anarchism aspires to replace forms of domination with forms of freedom. Relatively few anarchists have sought to address it by means of a theory of language and ideology. For one, John Zerzan’s primitivist anarchism attacks civilization and culture generally, regarding language and ideology as supports for domination. This paper works toward developing an emancipatory theory of language by offering a critique of Zerzan’s views. The critique proceeds through readings of Chomsky, Gramsci, and poststructuralist theorists, among others. It concludes with the claim that an adequate account of language regards it as natural, hegemonic, and contingently open-ended - traits found in a Wittgensteinian perspective.