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Northern Lights Maps : Spatiotemporal Exploration of Mice Movement

Alzheimer’s disease is known to alter the behavior and memory capacities. In order to get a better understanding of behavioral changes biologists conducted an experiment with 22 Alzheimertransgenic and 61 healthy mice using RFID sensors to track their movement in a cage (see picture above) over a time period of several months. The principal research question is, whether there are significant differences between the movement patterns of healthy and Alzheimer-transgenic mice. The photo on top shows the multilevel cage used in the experiment. It is equipped with 27 strategically placed RFID receptors that log mice activity when they come closer than 3 centimeters to the receptors. Since this kind of logging only results in discontinuous event data, we need to compute lower bound properties of the travel distances of each mouse rather than analyzing a complete path of its movement. In general, spatiotemporal visualization is a challenging research field. While traditional two-dimensional maps are familiar to most users, extending their representation to more than three dimensions (position x & y, color) becomes a real challenge. Recent research proposed to use the third spatial dimension to represent time, but thereby introduce new usage challenges, such as the ambiguous position of a point in a 3D representation when viewed on an ordinary computer screen. This paper proposes a technique called Northern Lights Maps, which visualizes both, temporal and geospatial aspects of the data. We show a two-dimensional top view of the cage and use the RGB channels to visualize the temporal information of sensor events. The user has therefore a visualization of the whole life span of a mouse at a glance and can, for instance, see territorial behavior.