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The Female Offender as an Object of Criminological Research

The historical development of research approaches toward the etiology of female crimes and the characteristics of female offenders is traced through the correctional literature of the last century. The changes of theories and focus of research are related to the changes in general attitudes toward women over this period. The current status of the literature indicates that the female offender is changing along with the role of women in society. Criminological knowledge of the female offender is incomplete in many areas and increasingly obsolete. Those studies based on male populations are of untested validity for women.