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Volcano Monitoring with Geodetic and Thermal Remote Sensing Time Series

Volcano monitoring is centered around volcano observatories that rely on local networks of in situ instruments to monitor activity in near-real time. Primary observations include seismicity, surface deformation, and thermal and gas emissions. Satellite remote sensing observations of surface deformation (from interferometric synthetic aperture radar; InSAR) and spectroscopic data are showing increasing potential for volcano monitoring as their availability and quality improve. Here we present new insights we derive from the combination of InSAR and thermal time series on driving models for volcano processes, and their implications for volcano monitoring. We present analyses of three volcanoes: Domuyo (Argentina), Taal (Philippines), and Nevados de Chillán (Chile), whose geodetic time series show a deflation-inflation striking pattern. We discuss the implications of these observations for volcano dynamics at these diverse volcanic systems.