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Reversible watermarking for 2D CAD engineering graphics using asymmetric histogram shifting and complementary embedding

Aim to authenticate the integrity of 2D CAD engineering graphics, two reversible watermarking schemes based on asymmetric histogram shifting and complementary embedding are proposed. On the basis of coordinates and phases data correlation, multiple prediction errors are obtained to construct asymmetric histograms. Watermark is embedded by modifying the asymmetric histograms in opposite directions with dual complementary embedding strategy. Experimental results indicate that the proposed method outperforms prior works not only in capacity, but also in imperceptibility.