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Ovarian and uterine haemodynamics and their relation to steroid hormonal levels in postpartum Egyptian buffaloes

The current study aimed to assess the ovarian and uterine haemodynamics in postpartum (pp) Egyptian buffaloes and their relation to steroid hormonal levels (progesterone and estrogen). Six multiparous buffalos with normal calving were examined by using trans-rectal Doppler sonography to assess the blood flow in ipsilateral and contralateral ovarian and uterine arteries. Doppler parameters viz. peak systolic velocity (PSV), blood flow volume (BFV), resistance (RI) and pulsatility index (PI) were measured at 1st till 6th postpartum weeks. In addition, diameters (mm) of the ovarian and uterine arteries and the vascularisation area (mm2) of ovary were determined. The blood samples were collected starting from 1st week post calving and every week thereafter following each ultrasound Doppler examination for assay of progesterone and estradiol. Results indicated that PI and RI increased consistently and significantly (P<0.05) till the 6th week post calving as compared to those recorded at 1st week in ipsilateral ovarian and uterine arteries. However, the blood flow volume and peak systolic velocity in both ovarian and uterine arteries decreased gradually from 1st week till the 6th week after calving. There were very strong positive correlations between PSV and BFV, in both ipsilateral and contralateral ovarian and uterine arteries. Blood concentrations of progesterone were lower (P<0.05) during the first four weeks than those recorded at 5th and 6th postpartum weeks. This trend was reversed for blood estradiol 17-β. The results of the present investigation concluded that Doppler ultrasonography is a suitable tool for assessing changes in ovarian and uterine perfusion during the puerperium.