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Residual ridge atrophy in complete denture wearers and relationship with densitometric values of a cervical spine: a hierarchical regression analysis.

BACKGROUND
The rate of residual ridge atrophy (RRR) and its association with mineral density of other bones have not yet been fully explained.


OBJECTIVE
To measure RRR over a 5-year period in complete denture wearers and relate it to the density of a cervical spine (CSBD).


MATERIALS AND METHODS
Sixty-two patients (different gender, age, body mass index, duration of edentulousness (DE) and different denture-wearing habits) participated. A copper stepwedge was attached to the cassette, and 50 lateral radiograms met the criteria to be included.


RESULTS
A significant decrease in vertical height was observed in all measured sites. The amount of RRR was highest in frontal areas of both jaws and decreased gradually towards lateral regions. Hierarchical regression analysis revealed that the amount of RRR in the maxillary frontal area could be explained up to 48.4% by the variable DE and only up to 6.1% by the CSBD, while gender had almost no influence (1%). Similar results were obtained for the lateral maxillary RRR (33.9%; 7%; 2%), frontal mandibular RRR (40; 8.4; 0.4%) and lateral mandibular RRR (31.5%; 3.4%; 7.7%).


CONCLUSION
Skeletal bone density, reflecting systemic and hereditary factors, is weakly related to RRR (3.4-8.4%).