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Outlooks of bronchial provocation pattern in obesity

Background Obesity still implies health hazards on human presented in actual increment on respiratory complaints and subsequent pulmonary derangement. Objective This study aimed to evaluate the effect of obesity on bronchial airway hyper-responsiveness and on the inflammatory markers of the airways. Participants and methods This was an observational cross-sectional study that included 98 nonasthmatic individuals who were divided into two groups according to their BMI: normal BMI and overweight or obese, with their ages ranging from 14 to 59 years. We compared the two groups on the bronchial challenge test with hypertonic saline solution 4.5%, fractional exhaled nitric oxide level, and serum level of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein. Results Positive bronchial hyper-reactivity was significantly more in overweight and obese participants compared with those with normal BMI (P=0.004). Also, bronchial hyper-reactivity was found to be significantly more common in females (P=0.025). There were statistically significant differences between the two groups in spirometry measurements, with lower lung volumes in obese participants. Moreover, statistically significant differences were observed between the two groups in fractional exhaled nitric oxide (P=0.022) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (P=0.043). Conclusion Obese individuals have dissimilar bronchial hyper-reactivity compared with individuals with normal BMI. Local airway and systemic inflammatory marker levels differ in obese individuals compared with those with normal BMI.