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Speaking Up and Trying to Be Heard: Examining the Enactment and Persistence of Voice Over Time

In the past two decades, a substantial amount of research has been generated to better understand the key factors that help to encourage and facilitate employees’ initial voice behavior, defined as the discretionary communication of ideas, suggestions, problems, and/or opinions intended to improve the status quo. Yet, despite these notable advances, little work has been done to address two critically important questions: 1) How does voice move from expression into implementation within an organization? And, 2) How do individuals’ expressions of voice vary over time? As noted in recent reviews by Morrison (2011, 2014), both questions are critical gaps in the voice literature and have significant theoretical and practical importance. One of the keys to unlocking the potential for voice to positively impact an organization is through understanding the barriers to the implementation of voice at the dyadic, team, and/or organizational levels. In addition, exploring the factors (e.g., efficacy, identity, emotio...