{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.025518341307814992, 'fraction_numerical': 0.003189792663476874, 'mean_word_length': 5.28, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
Circumcision. The uniquely American medical enigma.

Ritual circumcision of males has been practiced for millennia, but was limited to fewer than 20 per cent of the world's population. About a century ago, only the English-speaking countries adopted non-religious circumcision as a prophylactic or therapeutic panacea for myriad ailments. Since these "health" claims are now known to be unsubstantiated, the English-speaking countries either abandoned the practice or reduced the frequency of its performance; the only exception is the United States. This article examines the background for this enigma and suggests solutions.