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Peer support workers in substance abuse treatment services: A systematic review of the literature

ABSTRACT Background: Peer support has long featured in substance abuse treatment. A recent international shift has taken place toward a recovery-orientated approach to treatment which promotes the incorporation of peer support workers and thus highlighting the need for evidence-based knowledge in this area. Method: A systematic literature review was conducted using ProQuest and Ebsco databases, Academic Search Premier, PsycARTICLES, Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection, PsycINFO. The search terms included peer support (and related terms) and lived experience (and related terms) and addiction (and related terms). Reference lists and personal referrals to specific papers were also incorporated. Results: A total of 618 papers were identified. Of that total, 24 papers were selected as relevant through reflecting on the stated aim of the review. Conclusion: Benefits and challenges where identified as co-existing within the peer support work role. The results of the literature review indicate benefits of increased confidence, stability, structure, income, and an opportunity to gain workplace skills. The challenges identified are integration into the workplace, triggers, and unclear job descriptions and boundaries. A gap in the literature has been revealed with regards to peer support workers in substance abuse treatment services and how their role impacts their recovery.