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Thioglycolic acid assisted hydrothermal growth of SnS 2D nanosheets as catalysts for photodegradation of industrial dyes

We present our work on the rapid hydrothermal synthesis of highly crystalline 2D SnS nanostructures. An innovative idea is used in which thioglycolic acid is the sulfur precursor source. Structural studies indicate the material has grown in a single-phase orthorhombic structure. The single-phase formation of the material is also confirmed from the rietveld refinement of the experimental XRD data and by raman spectroscopic analysis. Morphological studies show the formation of 2D sheets having thickness in the nanoscale (100–150 nm) dimensions. Optical absorbance studies show the material is visible-light active exhibiting an indirect bandgap of 1.1 eV and direct band gap ∼1.7 eV. Density functional theory calculations support the experimental bandgap results. Photocatalytic activity of the nanosheets was investigated against methylene blue (MB), rhodamine B (RhB) and methyl orange (MO) dyes employing a solar simulator as the source of photons (light source). The nanosheets were found to photodegrade 80% of MB, 77% of RhB and 60% of MO in 120 min of light illumination. Reusability and post catalytic properties affirm the durability and stability of the nanosheets, which is very important in the context of waste water treatment considering the toxic nature of the effluents from dye industries.