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Postoperative pain management.

Distressing postoperative pain remains a prevalent problem. Poorly treated pain contributes to patient suffering and may prevent rapid recovery and rehabilitation. An understanding and application of the basic principles of pain management can provide adequate analgesia for the majority of postoperative patients. More advanced methods of pain control can allow excellent relief for virtually all patients but may require the presence of a dedicated pain management service. This article reviews the principles and practice of modern postoperative pain management.