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Change in IgG1 Fc N‐linked glycosylation in human lung cancer: Age‐ and sex‐related diagnostic potential

The interactions of IgG Fc region with Fc receptors are optimized by the tailoring of a single‐conserved N‐linked glycosylation site at Asn‐297. Our previous study has demonstrated that the age‐related Fc‐glycosylation change is featured by sex specificity and that the Fc‐glycosylation has the potential for disease discrimination. Here, we conducted a Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance MS‐based profiling study involving 410 control individuals and 259 lung cancer (LC) patients. As compared to healthy controls, the marked increase in IgG1 Fc‐agalactosylation and decrease in galactosylation were observed in LC patients. The binary logistic regression in combination with the receiver operating characteristic curve was used to determine the diagnostic ability of IgG1 Fc‐glycosylation. It was found that this diagnostic ability was both sex and age dependent. Additionally, the change in Fc‐glycosylation upon many different physiological and pathological conditions was retrospectively discussed. The data furthered the understanding of the immune‐associated change in human LC, and also might be useful in the future attempts for Fc‐glycosylation‐associated diagnostic evaluations and clinical assays.