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Uptake of ethambutol by Mycobacterium smegmatis and its relation to growth inhibition.

Ethambutol uptake by Mycobacterium smegmatis was examined. Cells treated with ethambutol labeled with carbon-14 were filtered, washed, and counted. In relation to deionized water washes, most of the cellular 14C activity was easily removed with ions; however, a small ion-stable fraction always remained. A diphasic uptake pattern was observed with water-washed cells. Phase 1 was rapid and appeared to involve physicochemical adsorption. Secondary uptake occurred after 1 hour and was not necessary for growth inhibitory activity. The apparent concentration-independent nature of ethambutol growth inhibition is discussed in relation to these uptake studies.