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Dynamic transcriptional profiles of Arabidopsis thaliana infected by Tomato spotted wilt virus.

Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) is a negative-stranded RNA virus that infects hundreds of plant species, causing great economic loss. Infected Arabidopsis thaliana develop symptoms including chlorosis and wilt, which can lead to cell death. From 9 days to 15 days after TSWV infection, symptoms progress through a three-stage process of appearance, severity, and death. In the present study, deep sequencing technology was firstly used to explore gene expression in response to TSWV infection in model plant A. thaliana at different symptom development stages. We found that plant immune defense and protein degradation are induced by TSWV infection, and that both inductions became stronger over time. Photosynthesis pathway is attenuated with TSWV infection. Cell wall metabolism has a large extent of downregulation while some genes are upregulated. These results illustrate the dynamic nature of TSWV infection in A. thaliana at the whole-transcriptome level. The link between biological processes and sub-pathway metabolism was further analyzed. Our study provides new insight into host regulatory networks and dynamic processes in response to TSWV infection.