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Slowed reaction time in HIV‐1‐infected patients without AIDS

Objectives– To investigate if HIV‐1‐infected patients without acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) have cerebral dysfunction as reflected by impaired reaction times compared to patients with chronic hepatitis C. Material and methods– Forty‐one HIV‐1‐infected patients not fulfilling the AIDS criteria, were tested with three reaction time tests and compared to controls with chronic hepatitis C, matched according to gender and age. Results– HIV‐1‐infected individuals had, in mean, 5–47 ms longer reaction time than patients with hepatitis C (statistically significant in two of three tests). All but 9 HIV‐1‐infected individuals had, however, reaction times within the normal range defined by the control group (mean±2 SD). No correlation was found between reaction time and immune status measured as CD4‐cell count. Conclusion ‐ This study indicates that a subgroup of HIV‐1‐infected individuals have slower reaction time compatible with cerebral deterioration early in the course of the infection.