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[Patterns of intraspecific variability in carp fishes of the dace subfamily: ecological factors and pathways of phenotypic transformation].

The inverstigation of geographical and ecological variations of wide-spread species of daces allows to reveal regular patterns of phenotypic transformations with limited number of their possible ways. The set of characters involved and the directions of their changes are specific for both examined taxa and putative factors of subspeciation. Two basic groups of evolutionary and ecological situations leading to the intensive intraspecific divergence are considered: living or spawning in brackish water and heavy anthropogeneous pollution. Striking morphological similarity was found between populations from zones of hydrochemical anomalies and some remote populations inhabiting non-polluted fresh water bodies. The author discusses possible nature of these isomorphisms and cases of regular phenotype transformation and their implications for microevolutionary and systematic studies in fish. The data obtained suggest key role of water mineralization in evolution of the subfamily of dace fish.