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Intrauterine undernutrition programs the hypothalamic proteome of female rats

Undernutrition in early life may cause adulthood obesity with disruption of energy homeostasis control. We analyzed the hypothalamic proteome of adult female rats born from dams fed ad libitum or restricted to 50% of ad libitum intake during gestation. Control and restricted progeny were studied at age 4 months. Hypothalamic proteins were analyzed by two‐dimensional gel electrophoresis and MALDI‐TOF/TOF–MS. MASCOT server was used to search Swiss‐Prot protein database. Only proteins with false discovery rate of 0% were considered in the results analysis. The restricted rats had normal body weight and insulin levels with increased fat pads weight and glycemia. Significant density increase of 10 spots and decrease of 9 spots was found. Six overexpressed and 4 under‐expressed proteins were identified. They are enzymes of energy metabolism pathways, and proteins of redox regulation, inflammatory, and cell communication processes. Female rats undernourished intra uterus developed into obese adults and presented alterations of hypothalamic protein profile that may be involved in the disturbances leading to obesity