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Evaluation of residential rainfall harvesting systems in Jordan

A field study was conducted to evaluate the potential of rooftop rainfall harvesting (RRH), determine the smallest tank volume and the potential contribution of RRH to the national water budget. The potential water volume from rooftops nationwide is 14.7 million cubic metres per year (MCM/year), which comprises 6% of the domestic national water budget. Public water supply rates decreased for areas practicing RRH. The number of underground tank (cisterns) increased in high rainfall areas indicating adaptation behaviours for securing water. Smallest cistern volume charts were constructed for each governorate in relation to consumption rate and rooftop area. An immediate and nationwide awareness and legislative programmes are needed to spread RRH among the whole population of Jordan.