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Developing a community-based autism spectrum disorder management model: Results after 1-year pilot experience

ABSTRACT Background: To develop an official comprehensive management of Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) system nationwide, we conducted a pilot community-based ASD management model, developed based on participatory approach to empower parents, preschool teachers and health staff by conducting communication campaign, training and health system support in two Northern provinces of Vietnam in 2018. Objective: To explore the appropriateness and feasibility of this model in terms of cultural context, ease of operation, existing health system structure, human resources, infrastructure and finance after one-year piloting. Methods: A phenomenological qualitative study design was employed with 15 in-depth interviews including piloting coordinator and local policymakers, 14 focus group discussions with health staff and community, and 1 workshop with central stakeholders. Results: Our findings demonstrated that the model is appropriate and feasible with cultural context and existing resources. However, to replicate the model in other provinces, stigma towards families having children with ASD in the community, lack of electronic connection system between levels, and difficulties related to health insurance implementation at provincial level should be solved. Conclusion: Integrating ASD management into existing community mental health program; developing ASD intervention package that covered by health insurance; and continuing training for community and health staff should be implemented.