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The Value of Labor for Jewish Women in Radom

The Nazis’ exploitation of Jewish labor differed over time and place. This study focuses on the implications of that exploitation for women in the city of Radom, an important economic and administrative center for the Nazis between 1939 and 1944. I examine the availability of work, the types of work that were done, the skills required for them, the ages and family status of the workers and the conditions and compensation for their work during five specific periods: The beginning of the war (fall 1939–spring 1941), the ghetto period (spring 1941–summer 1942), the liquidation of the ghetto (summer 1942), the work ghetto (summer 1942–fall 1943) and the factory camp (fall 1943–summer 1944). In the summer of 1942, laboring for the Germans became a plausible route to survival. I also look at how women’s work experiences during the first three years of the war affected their chances to be sent to Treblinka when the ghetto was liquidated. Money and political connections bought most of the new work placements filled in the summer of 1942. The findings of this study indicate that the success of the Jewish strategy of “survival through labor” was largely dependent on gender and socioeconomic factors.