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NATIONAL CENTER FOR HEALTH STATISTICS: DATA LINE.

Childhood deaths in the United States declined in the decade of the 1980s, and the nation recorded a record low infant mortality rate in 1991, according to the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS). The trends are shown in an overview of the latest available data on the health status of the population, published in a new report from NCHS, part of the Public Health Service's Centers for Disease Control. "Health, United States, 1991, and Prevention Profile" (1) reports the results of a decade-long effort to achieve the 1990 national health promotion and disease prevention objectives set in 1979 for each major age group (2). Childhood mortality dropped 23 percent from 1977 to 1989 to surpass the national goal. The decline reflected fewer deaths from unintentional injury, such as those caused by motor vehicles, drowning, and fire (fig. 1). Much of the reduction was attributable to the use of children's safety seats in cars. Mortality for adults ages 25-64 years declined from a rate of 532.9 per 100,000 in 1977 to 400 per 100,000 by 1989, reaching the national goal. Factors contributing to the decline included a drop in cigarette smoking, improved control of hypertension and blood cholesterol levels, and a shift in the composite age of members of the group. A decline in deaths from unintentional injury was an important factor for those younger than 55 years. The report documented rising death rates among teenagers and young adults. After declining in the early 1980s, reflecting fewer deaths from motor vehicles, the death rate for those ages 15-24 years leveled and later increased, primarily owing to increasing homicide deaths of young black men (fig. 2). Between 1985 and 1989, homicides increased 74 percent among black men ages 15-24 years, reaching the highest recorded level for the age group. Suicide rose about 10 percent among people ages 15-24 years in the period 1978-89.