{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.031286210892236384, 'fraction_numerical': 0.00869061413673233, 'mean_word_length': 5.4200743494423795, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
Sub-Acute Toxicity of two Herbicides Halosulfuron-methyl and Clethodim on Biochemical and Hematological Parameters in Male Albino Rats

On male albino rats, this study has evaluated the toxicity of halosulfuron-methyl and clethodim on their hepatic, haematological, and oxidative effects. For a period of 28 days, the animals were given either halosulfuronmethyl (886 and 1773 mg/kg) or clethodim (163 and 326 mg/kg body weight) herbicides orally. As a control treatment, distilled water was used. Hematological and biochemical markers, as well as body weight gain and organ weight, were all assessed. In general, all treated rats' bodyweight gain and relative testes weight were considerably lower when compared to the control treatments. Furthermore, the relative weights of the liver, kidneys, lungs, spleen, brain, and heart were recorded at various rising levels. At the ending of the procedure, blood samples were taken. Hepatic toxicity was measured using the blood enzymes alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), whereas renal toxicity was measured using urea and creatinine. Red blood corpuscles (RBC), white blood cells (WBC) and hemoglobin were tested in the liver to detect oxidative damage and monitor changes in hematological parameters. Both herbicide treatments resulted in significant increases in the levels of liver enzymes (ALT and AST). In male albino rats, hematological parameters indicated considerable changes, with decreases in RBC and hemoglobin and a large rise in WBC. The findings suggest that even at subacute exposure, halosulfuron-methyl and clethodim might cause hematological parameter changes, which might be linked to the production of reactive oxygen species.