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No Matter of Principle—The Unproblematic Character of Co-education in Girls’ Secondary Schooling in the Netherlands, ca. 1870–1930

In 1997, the last school for girls over the age of twelve in the Netherlands was forced to close. There was no protest, not even from feminists. Considerable attention, but little regret, was shown in the media. Similarly, some thirty years earlier the abolition of the Middelbare Meisjesschool (the MMS)—the Dutch secondary school for girls—had provoked no serious protest. This article offers an historical explanation for the absence of either protest or regret. In order to do so, we will have to go back to the formative years of the Dutch secondary educational system, around 1900. While neighboring countries preferred separate instruction, the Dutch seem to have been at ease with girls and boys together in one classroom relatively early.