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Secondary Right Renal Artery Occurrence: A Case Report on Anatomic Variation

In this case study, we analyzed the anomalous occurrence of a secondary right renal artery of similar diameter to the main right renal artery in the abdomen. This secondary renal artery was present inferior to the main renal artery in a female cadaver aged 46 years. Previous studies have found that secondary and tertiary renal arteries have a population incidence of 20‐30% (Mir et al., 2008), with the majority of additional renal arteries having a markedly smaller diameter than the main artery (Bordei, Sapte, Iliescu, 2003). There is some discrepancy as to whether this occurs more frequently in males or females, with certain studies indicating greater incidence in males (Satyapal et al., 2001) and others in females (Bordei, Sapte, Iliescu, 2003). Additional renal arteries are hypothesized to be remnants of embryological blood supply to the kidneys, and they may occur when there is a delay in fetal migration of the kidney into the abdomen (Jeon, Lee, Yoon, 2014). Dissection of 37 cadavers (average age = 51 years old) found one cadaver (2.7%) (Female; 46 years old) with a secondary renal artery. Our study builds upon current literature surrounding the frequency and placement of additional renal arteries. Research on anomalous renal artery presence is clinically significant because understanding vascular variations to the kidney is necessary for effective procedures such as renal vascular surgeries, interventional radiological procedures, and kidney transplants (Budhiraga, Rastogi, Asthana, 2010).