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Crossveinless‐c, the Drosophila homolog of tumor suppressor DLC1, regulates directional elongation of dendritic branches via down‐regulating Rho1 activity

Diverse neuronal subtypes develop distinctive morphologies of dendritic arbors that receive synaptic or sensory inputs. Dendritic arbors of many subtypes take on a polarized shape, and one underlying mechanism is unidirectionally biased elongation of dendritic branches. As reported herein, we found that Drosophila Crossveinless‐c (Cv‐c) was a key regulator for such directional growth. In the cv‐c mutant, two subclass of multidendritic sensory neurons examined formed dorsally directed branches; however, dendritic branches had difficulty in growing along the anterior–posterior (A–P) body axis. Cv‐c belongs to the family of Rho GTPase‐activating proteins (RhoGAPs) and is the homolog of human tumor suppressor DLC1. The RhoGAP activity of Cv‐c was required cell‐autonomously for the A–P‐oriented growth, and Cv‐c elevated the GTPase activity of Rho1 and Cdc42 in a cell‐free assay. Our analysis of genetic interactions suggested that Rho1 was the target of Cv‐c in vivo. All of our results suggest that Cv‐c contributes to sprouting and subsequent growth of the A–P‐oriented branches through negative regulation of Rho1. We discuss a role of Cv‐c in dendritic growth in response to environmental cues.