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IMAP on emergency contraception. Statement developed by the International Medical Advisory Panel to IPPF (IMAP), 1994.


 The risk of pregnancy with one unprotected act of intercourse can be as high as one in four, depending upon the cycle day of exposure in relation to ovulation. For the woman who engaged in unprotected sexual intercourse, postcoital/emergency contraception can be used to avoid an unwanted pregnancy. Since the mid-1960s, the postcoital use of certain orally administered steroid hormones, as well as copper-releasing IUDs, has been shown to be highly effective in preventing pregnancy. Although the precise mode of action of emergency contraceptive methods is uncertain, it is thought that they inhibit ovum transport, ovulation, and implantation. Whenever possible, the woman should be counselled at the time of obtaining emergency contraception. If the environment is not conducive to proper counseling, the client should be advised to visit a family planning or health care facility where she can be counseled and receive contraceptive services. The statement discusses the use of combined oral contraceptives, copper-releasing IUDs, and methods under investigation. It stresses that family planning associations should advocate the availability of emergency contraception, widely advertising the availability of such methods to ensure that both health providers and the public know of this option for avoiding pregnancy. Easy, confidential access to emergency contraception should be provided through the most practical delivery systems so that people in need of the method can obtain it without delay.
