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New Clinically Feasible 3T MRI Protocol to Discriminate Internal Brain Stem Anatomy

Track density imaging (TDI) is a novel MR imaging postprocessing technique based on high angular-resolution diffusion acquisitions that generate super-resolution images derived by whole-brain probabilistic streamline tractography. TDI and echo modulation curve T2 mapping were combined with simultaneous multisection acquisition to reveal anatomic detail at 7 canonical levels of the brain stem. Compared with conventional MR imaging contrasts, many individual brain stem tracts and nuclear groups were directly visualized for the first time at 3T. SUMMARY: Two new 3T MR imaging contrast methods, track density imaging and echo modulation curve T2 mapping, were combined with simultaneous multisection acquisition to reveal exquisite anatomic detail at 7 canonical levels of the brain stem. Compared with conventional MR imaging contrasts, many individual brain stem tracts and nuclear groups were directly visualized for the first time at 3T. This new approach is clinically practical and feasible (total scan time = 20 minutes), allowing better brain stem anatomic localization and characterization.