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Retinoid augmentation of bioactive interleukin‐1 production by murine keratinocytes

The effect of retinoids on the production of interleukin‐1 (IL‐1) by murine epidermal keratinocytes was investigated. Freshly isolated keratinocytes were cultured in the presence of etretinate. acitretin, all‐ trans retinoic acid or 13‐cis retinoic acid at concentrations of 8 × 10−9‐8 × 10−5 mol/1. Exposure of keratinocytes to retinoids increased IL‐1 bioactivity in culture supernatants and cell extracts at concentrations as low as 8 × 10−9mol/1, as assessed by T‐cell proliferation. Prolongation of the culture period enhanced the augmentative effect of retinoids. All‐trans retinoic acid and 1 13‐cis retinoic acid had a greater ability to induce IL‐1 production than the two aromatic retinods, etretinate and acitretin. Treatment with 8‐methoxypsoralen plus ultraviolet A radiation and treatment with triamcinolone acetonide both reduced the effect of retinoids on the production of bioactive IL‐1.