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A data‐driven methodology for assessing impact of earthquakes on the health of building structural systems

A data‐driven approach for post‐earthquake posting of buildings is presented. The approach is based on the analysis of residuals obtained as differences between measured responses and reference signals computed using a set of observers. The observers are particular to every output channel and can be described as mathematical structures that offer a reference signal for the channel in question when response at all the other channels is prescribed. The basic feature of the reference signals is that when there is no damage they closely match the actual measurements. The time histories of the residuals are used to calculate two metrics: the first one measures the extent of nonlinearity and the second captures how much the nonlinear response leads to permanent loss of stiffness. A suggested mapping from the selected metrics to the current ATC‐20 posting categories is provided. The approach is tested, with encouraging results, using a number of buildings taken from the CSMIP database.