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Rayleigh Laser Guide Star Systems: UnISIS Bow‐Tie Shutter and CCD39 Wavefront Camera

Laser guide star systems based on Rayleigh scattering require some means to deal with the flash of low‐altitude laser light that follows immediately after each laser pulse. These systems also need a fast shutter to isolate the high‐altitude portion of the focused laser beam to make it appear starlike to the wavefront sensor. We describe how these tasks are accomplished with UnISIS, the Rayleigh laser‐guided adaptive optics system at the Mount Wilson Observatory 2.5 m telescope. We use several methods: a 10,000 revolution per minute rotating disk, dichroics, a fast sweep and clear mode of the CCD readout electronics on a 10 μs timescale, and a Pockel’s cell shutter system. The Pockel’s cell shutter would be conventional in design if the laser light were naturally polarized, but the UnISIS 351 nm laser is unpolarized. Therefore, we have designed and put into operation a dual Pockel’s cell shutter in a unique bow‐tie arrangement.