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STUDY AND SERVICE CONTROL OF STRESS STATE OF HIGH- STRENGTH STEEL CABLES USED IN PRESTRESSED CONCRETE STRUCTURES.

Pre-stressed concrete structures are used widely in civil and industrial constructions, specially, in constructions of bridges and viaducts, where steel cables carry the main part of the load and keep service safety of these constructions. Therefore, it is very important to know the value of the extension force that may change during service, because of relaxation processes. In this paper, x-ray diffraction methods are used to measure the stress or the axial tensile force in steel wires making up a steel cable. The following studies were undertaken: measurement of residual stresses in steel wire after fabrication; analysis of texture influence on stress measurements; testing of stress measurements in cable loaded by hydraulic jack; comparison of measurements carried out by x-ray diffraction method with applied stresses; service control of tensile force in steel cables of a real viaduct. Initial stress measurements in steel wire was made on a x-ray diffractometer and the others were made by using a portable x-ray apparatus. Stress measurements in steel cables are shown to be a new application of the diffraction method for nondestructive control of concrete structures.