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Er:YAG clinical experience in Japan: a review of scientific investigations

An Er:YAG laser apparatus with a contact fiberoptic delivery system has been newly developed in Japan and its clinical use was approved by the Ministry of Health and Welfare in 1995. Previous investigations using the laser apparatus and its prototype showed that the Er:YAG laser was able to effectively ablate dental hard and soft tissues without major thermal damage, and that the influence on the tooth pulp was minimal. The degree of damage to the surrounding tissues caused by the inadvertent irradiation has also been evaluated. Bactericidal effect of the Er:YAG laser has been shown. The utility and safety of the Er:YAG laser treatment for caries removal and cavity preparation, soft tissue minor surgery, and scaling have been revealed by several clinical studies. Reports describing the usefulness of the Er:YAG laser are increasing. However, further studies are required in order to clarify the advantages and limitations of the Er:YAG laser treatment and to establish a reliable procedure.