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Control Oriented Modeling of the Dynamics in a Catalytic Converter

The legal amount of emissions that vehicles with spark ignited engines are allowed to produce are steadily reduced over time. To meet future emission requirements it is desirable to make the catalytic converter work in a more efficient way. One way to do this is to control the air-fuel-ratio according to the oxygen storage level in the converter, instead of, as is done today, always trying to keep it close to stoichiometric. The oxygen storage level cannot be measured by a sensor. Hence, a model describing the dynamic behaviors of the converter is needed to observe this level. Three such models have been examined, validated, and compared.Two of these models have been implemented in Matlab/Simulink and adapted to measurements from an experimental setup. Finally, one of the models was chosen to be incorporated in an extended Kalman filter (EKF), in order to make it possible to observe the oxygen storage level online.The model that shows best potential needs further work, and the EKF is working with flaws, but overall the results are promising.