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EARLY ONLINE RELEASE

20 The behavior of the second band of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ), near the 21 Peruvian coast during early 2017, is studied, using precipitation, surface winds, sea surface 22 temperature (SST) and atmospheric variables in different isobaric levels. The proposal of a 23 daily index ( Ia ) to identify, opportunely, the formation of this band and the Lorenz energy terms 24 in the region is also considered. 25 This band was present from late January to early April 2017, associated with an anomalous 26 dipole of sea level pressure between the east and west Oriental Equatorial Pacific, that 27 configured anomalously northerly surface winds and relaxation of southeasterly trade winds 28 near Peru. In medium levels, a zonally-oriented positive mixing ratio anomaly is observed in 29 early March over the ITCZ’s second band, associated with heavy rain systems over the northern 30 Peruvian coastal region. In the same period, positive anomalies of divergence in high 31 tropospheric levels are observed. 32 The daily Ia index allowed an effective detection of the ITCZ’s second band with 11 days prior 33 the maximum coastal precipitation, and the Lorenz energy terms showed kinetic eddies energy 34 (K E ) peaks in January and February and a contribution of barotropic instability in equatorial 35 regions. 36