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Expert opinions on using the third dimension to visualise wind speed uncertainty in wind farm planning

ABSTRACT To date, most studies on uncertainty visualisations have focused on two-dimensional representations. The closing of the software gap between three-dimensional (3D) graphics and geovisualisation presents new opportunities for the visualisation of uncertainty. The goal of our research is to understand the usability and suitability of different visualisation techniques for representing uncertainty in the third dimension. In this paper, we present the perceptions of experts in the fields of renewable energy and climate modelling regarding 3D uncertainty maps. Four different maps, each representing uncertainty of mean wind speed in a different way, were prepared for expert interviews. Interviewees were asked questions about different usability and suitability aspects of the maps for regional planning of wind farms. Their responses provide valuable insights for the usability of the third dimension to represent uncertainty in maps, and the suitability in regional-level planning of wind farms. These exploratory research results can be used to guide the design of controlled user studies to further investigate the usability of the third dimension for uncertainty representations, and the suitability for wind farm planning.