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Modeling and Simulation of Buck Converter for Charging Battery by Solar Photovoltaic System

Fossil fuels reserves are decreasing in a rapid pace due to more power consumption. Advancement of technology, usage of electrical equipments and increase in population are the main reasons for energy consumption. In order to meet the energy demand and to sustain the environment depending on non-conventional sources of energy is inevitable. Solar energy is the clean energy source which is naturally available in abundant and does not contribute to green house gases. The energy from the sun is directly converted into the electricity by using photovoltaic (PV) cells without using any intermediate steps. Solar charge controller is connected to the PV system for regulating the voltage and current coming from PV panel and to prevent overcharging of battery thereby increasing the life of battery. PID controller is used to obtain the desired voltage and for constant recharging of lead-acid battery. This paper addresses the modeling and simulation of Photovoltaic system under Maximum power Point Tracking (MPPT) condition and design of Buck converter with PID controller for constant charging of battery.