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Hormonal control of the bovine oestrous cycle.


 The role of hormones in controlling the estrous cycle of cows is reviewed in the context of current research, specifically on endocrinal functions. This is central as the follicles grow on the ovaries in response to the pituitary's follicular stimulating hormone. When the ovaries produce sufficient estrogens, an ovulatory surge of luteinizing hormone is released by the pituitary. This causes the ovulation of 1 of the follicles and the growth of a corpus luteum in the follicular cavity. This corpus luteum secretes progesterone for about 2 weeks until its activity is terminated by uterine luteolysin. Control of the estrous cycle thus depends on alternate signals from the pituitary and ovaries with the end of the cycle caused by the nonpregnant uterus.
