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Higher Frequency Acoustic Measurements of Coarse Bedload Transport

Although sensors have been developed which provide high temporal resolution for the measurement of wave profiles, flow fields and suspended sediment concentrations within the coastal system, the concomitant measurement of bedload transport remains problematic. This paper reviews the theoretical and technical development of a passive acoustic technique based upon the measurement of acoustic energy generated by interparticle collisions (self generated noise: SGN). The results of shearing drum and flume experiments are reported and suggest that the sediment transport rate, i b , can be reasonably estimated from the output voltage, V h , above background of a bandpass hydrophone system using: i b =aV h b where a and b depend upon the electrical characteristics of the sensor system and the physical properties of the sediment.