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Oil Extraction Residue from End-of-Life Tire Recycling as Carbon Black Substitute in Motorcycle Tires

Recovery of useful products from spent rubber materials can potentially turn waste into an immense and continuous source of valuable carbon black (CB). In this study, recovered residue from oil extraction (OER) was used as a CB filler substitute after subjecting the untreated samples to different material characterization techniques. These include SEM imaging, XRD and BET Analysis, as well as thermogravimetry. Using a specific tire formulation with target threshold tensile strength, the OER was then substituted for the standard commercial CB in increasing ratios. The effects of size, structure, purity and morphology of OER on rubber compound processability and mechanical properties were then investigated. Static and dynamic mechanical tests that involve the use of universal testing machine, Mooney Viscometer and Rubber Process Analyzer were performed to determine the most effective filler amount of OER as a commercial CB substitute.