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Animal Model of PTSD: behavioral changes following underwater trauma, situational reminders and diazepam treatment

Objectives: The main purpose of this experimental research was to create an animal model of PTSD based on the main features of the disorder: trauma exposure, situational reminders (SR), behavioral anxiety and remedy in response to anxiolytic medications. Method: 6 inbred female Sprague-Dawley rats were obtained and evaluated in the elevated plus-maze test in 3 stages: 1baseline 2underwater trauma and SR 3SR and diazepam (0/5 mg/kg) treatment. Measures of open arm ratio time and ratio entry were extracted from five days 5 minute video recordings for every stage and analyzed using repeated measures statistical analysis (GLM). Results: Results showed significant differences between the baseline and stage 2 and between stage 2 and 3. No significant difference was found between baseline and stage 3. These results indicated that a single underwater stress, together with daily SR exposure, successfully induced PTSD symptoms in rats. Subsequently, anxiolytic drug injection decreased the behavioral symptoms as well. Discussion: Overall, our findings suggested underwater trauma, situational reminders and low dose diazepam injection in rats as a valid paradigm for PTSD modeling.