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Cardio-respiratory interaction and autonomic dysfunction in obesity.

We aimed to test whether the evaluation of the cardio-respiratory interaction using the analysis of heart rate and blood pressure variabilities and respiratory maneuvers can reveal cardiovagal dysfunction in obese adolescents 12-18 years old. The spectral power in high frequency band of the heart rate variability (HRV) reflecting respiratory sinus arrhythmia was used as an index of the cardiac vagal control, and the spectral power in high frequency band of the blood pressure variability (BPV) as an indicator of mechanical effects of respiration. The deep breathing test and Valsalva maneuver were applied. The obese group had a reduction in spectral power in high frequency band of the HRV. Differences in high frequency band spectral power of the BPV between the obese and control groups were not found. The finding of lower respiratory sinus arrhythmia, indicating a cardiovagal dysfunction in obese adolescents, can provide important diagnostic information about early subclinical autonomic dysfunction in obesity.