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Study Comparing Effect of Single Dose Antibiotic Prophylaxis versus Conventional Antibiotic Coverage in Clean, Elective Surgeries – A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

BACKGROUND 
Postoperative wound infection remains the most common complication of surgery. With the fear of developing wound infection after surgery, many surgeons administer antibiotics for 7 -10 days even in clean uncontaminated cases. This practice is not only expensive to the patients but also can lead to hospital-acquired infections. We wanted to assess the effectiveness and efficacy of single-dose antibiotics in clean elective surgical cases in this study. 
METHODS 
A prospective interventional study was conducted in the General Surgery department, SRM Medical College Research Centre, Kattankulathur for a period of 18 months between May 2018 and October 2019. In this study, 143 patients were selected according to the inclusion criteria. All the data findings were recorded and analysed. 
RESULTS 
Out of 143 patients presented with clean cases, 72 cases were included in the study group and 71 cases in the control group as per the inclusion criteria. In the present study, the incidence of postoperative infection was equal i.e., 6 % in both groups. However, the grade of infection varied. The difference was not statistically significant. 
CONCLUSIONS 
Based on my study I would like to conclude that it is recommendable to use single-dose antibiotic prophylaxis for clean surgical cases, as per the study results there is not much difference in the occurrence of SSI when compared to multiple doses.