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Efficient Convex Solution for 3-D Localization in MIMO Radars Using Delay and Angle Measurements

In this letter, an efficient estimator for 3-D target localization in distributed multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radars using time delay (TD) and angle of arrival (AOA) measurements is proposed. First, an approximately equivalent maximum likelihood (ML) estimation problem is formulated. Then, the aforementioned ML problem is recast into a convex optimization problem for which we derive a semi closed-form solution that eventually boils down to finding the roots of certain polynomials. Using numerical simulations, we demonstrate that the proposed estimator reaches the Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRLB) up to relatively high Gaussian measurement noise levels. Furthermore, the proposed method is shown to outperform the state-of-the-art algorithms under the above-mentioned noise model.