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Representational Fluency in Cryptography: An Eye-Tracking Study

To enhance and improve cryptography instructions, this study investigated how representational fluency is related to the cognitive process through a set of eye-tracking studies and interview questions. The results showed that multiple representations were helpful for students to comprehend a concept because the different representations supported each other and provided more comprehensive information. In addition, students who are not fluent in translating one representation to another perform poorer than students who are more capable in representational fluency. While students have their own favorite representations, math representation seems dominate the outcome of their performance. This may suggest that students who will be working on the technical side of the cybersecurity should better prepare their math skills.