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A novel method for describing biomechanical properties of the aortic wall based on the three-dimensional fluid-structure interaction model.

OBJECTIVES
Our goal was to present a novel non-invasive approach for assessment of aortic wall displacement to describe its biomechanical properties during the cardiac cycle.


METHODS
The fluid-structure interaction (FSI) technique was used to reconstruct aortic wall displacement based on computed tomography angiography and 2-dimensional speckle-tracking technique (2DSTT) data collected from 20 patients [10 with healthy aortas (AA) and 10 with abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs)]. The mechanical properties of the wall of the aorta were described by the Yeoh hyperelastic materials model with α and β parameters, and wall displacement was determined with 2DSTT. The mechanical parameters of the wall of the aorta in the FSI model were automatically updated in the calculation loop until the calculated and clinically measured wall movements were the same.


RESULTS
Results showed 98% accuracy of FSI compared to 2DSTT for AA and AAA (P > 0.05). The mean wall deformation for AA was 2.45 ± 0.12 mm and 2.49 ± 0.10 mm for FSI and 2DSTT, respectively (P = 0.40), whereas that for AAA was 2.84 ± 0.44 mm and 2.88 ± 0.45 mm, respectively (P = 0.83). The FSI analysis indicated that the α and β parameters for AA were equal to 14.35 ± 1.30 N⋅cm-2 and 9.33 ± 1.08 N⋅cm-2, respectively; and for AAA, α was 11.00 ± 0.49 N⋅cm-2 and β was 79.46 ± 4.32 N⋅cm-2.


CONCLUSIONS
The FSI technique may be successfully applied to assess the mechanical parameters of patient-specific aortic walls using computed tomography angiographic and 2DSTT measurements.