{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.01950354609929078, 'fraction_numerical': 0.012411347517730497, 'mean_word_length': 4.942105263157894, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
Radio spectra of millisecond pulsars

Abstract Both the physics of the pulsar emission mechanism and free-free absorption in the intervening interstellar medium can be tested with the pulsar radio spectra. We have built on our previous work on describing LOFAR population of millisecond pulsars (MSPs; Kondratiev et al. 2016) and HBA census of slow pulsars (Bilous et al. 2016) and present the study of radio spectra of the MSPs with a special attention on the low-frequency turnover. Using LOFAR timing data allowed us to measure flux densities of many MSPs over time span of up to three years in the frequency range 110–188 MHz. This provided more reliable estimates of mean flux densities and spectra reducing the influence of refractive scintillation, ionosphere and other factors on a single flux measurement. Together with published data at other radio frequencies we constructed pulsars’ spectra and fitted them with single or broken power-laws. We discuss the obtained spectra and their fits, paying special attention to the low-frequency turnover, and compare broadband radio spectra of MSPs to those of normal pulsars.