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Could PKR inhibition modulate human neurodegeneration?

Increased levels of the proapoptotic kinase PKR have recently been detected in the brains of patients with Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, HIV, dementia and prion diseases. PKR inhibition could represent a new target to reduce human neurodegeneration.PKR, or double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase, is a serine–thre-onine kinase formed by a kinase domain and two double-stranded RNA-binding domains that are able to control its activity. This activation results in dimerization of the protein and autophosphorylation at the Thr 446 and Thr 451 sites. PKR is a consti-tutive enzyme in mammalian cells and was cloned at the Pasteur Institute in 1990