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Xylazine epidural analgesia for cesarian section in cattle.

Recent studies have demonstrated that xylazine hydrochloride (HCl) will produce caudal analgesia in horses and cattle following its administration into the epidural space (1-5). Traditionally, local anesthetics have been used to produce caudal analgesia. Local anesthetics stabilize nerve cell membranes by decreasing membrane permeability. Sodium and potas-sium ion diffusion cannot occur and nerve impulses are blocked. Local anesthetics, such as lidocaine, show little discrimination among fibers blocking sensory, sympathetic, and motor fibers, although the smaller C fibers, sensory, are blocked first and recover first. Blockade of motor fibers will result in ataxia. Epidural analgesia is used in many species to produce analgesia of the abdomen for laparotomy. Blockade of sympathetic fibers that originate from the thoracic spinal cord may result in hypotension (6).