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Studies in the Physiological Component of Aggression-Related Social Attitudes

Two experimental studies on the "physiological substrate of affect" are reported. In Study 1 it was hypothesized that Lovibond's CF ("Children's F") scale, measuring violence-acceptance, would be associated with arousal (as measured by heart rate [HR]), while viewing models of aggressive social behavior. Videotaped segments from commercial television were shown to 20 children, aged 11 to 14. Analysis of variance of CF by HR indicated a significant (p < .05) main effect for the CF scale: in confirmation of the Lacey "directional fractionation" hypothesis, low CF scores were associated with HR acceleration or "stimulus rejection;" high CF scores were associated with HR deceleration or "stimulus intake." Identical procedures were used in Study 2, but subjects were 43 college students and scales included Machiavellianism, Violence Ideology, and Traditionalism (the latter two developed especially for this study). Correlation analysis generally chnfirmed the pattern of Study 1; namely that lack of empathy and violence-acceptance are associated with physiological response to aggressive behavior models. It is suggested that verbal self-report scales can meaningfully index individual differences in social predispositions andthat researchers should seriously consider whether their attitude scales have meaningful criterial referents and index a meaningful physiological substrate of affect when relevant stimuli are provided.