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Urban Heat Island Effect Analysis around Hangzhou Bay between 2005 and 2009 Using Remotely Sensed Data

By taking advantage of temporal and spatial remote sensing, the present paper was to map, identify and characterize urban heat island in rapid urbanization area of east China. For research areas including six metropolitan cities around Hangzhou bay in east China, urban heat island measurements were monitored from surface temperature maps at 1km resolution derived from MOD11A2 both day and night acquired in the year of 2005 and 2009. LST normalization with NDSTI was applied in order to quantify UHI spatial changes at four seasons. The result showed that urban heat island phenomenon expanded contiguously in the study area. Day change of UHI seems to be more chaos than night change due to day UHI influenced by both solar and human being activities. There was some kind of urban cool island phenomenon in winter when urban surface temperatures were to be -1 – 0°C lower than the ambient LST. Except for winter, other seasons' UHI during daytime changed from 0.5°C to 2.5 °C and nighttime strongly changed from 0.5°C to 5 °C in 2009. During the night, six cites' UHI roughly coincides and UHI in winter was the smallest and in autumn was the biggest one. The study provided causation and environmental awareness of urbanization to urban planners in future urban development.