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Structural and electrical properties of co‐doped zirconia electrolyte for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cell application

Structural and electrical properties of 8 yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) ceramics doped with varying concentrations (0.5–2.0 wt%) of Mg2+ ions were investigated. The result from X‐ray diffraction indicates the formation of fully stabilized cubic phase. Scanning electron microscopy observation confirms the marginal decrease in grain size with addition and increase of MgO content. However, a concentration beyond x = 0.5 wt% results in segregation along the grain boundaries. Complex impedance diagrams showed an enhancement in the grain and grain boundary conductivities with doping of magnesium and are strongly dependent on its concentration. It is observed that among the compositions investigated, 8YSZMg0.5 exhibited higher conductivity at all temperatures (600–800 °C) with a maximum conductivity of 0.0345 S/cm at 800 °C. This is further confirmed by the lowest activation energy of Ea = 0.92 eV, estimated for 8YSZMg0.5 in comparison to 1–1.01 eV observed for other compositions. Comparative evaluation of these results with standard 8YSZ electrolytes reveals the possibility of the effective use of 8YSZMg0.5 as a new electrolyte material for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cell applications. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.