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Antiproton storage materials: Response of neon, argon, and benzene to a negative particle.

The energies of systems composed of a point negative charge (e.g., antiproton, {ital {bar p}}, or negative muon, {mu}{sup {minus}}) and an atom or small molecule (He,Ne,Ar,C{sub 6}H{sub 6}) have been calculated using large-basis-set, correlated {ital ab} {ital initio} electronic-structure methods. By invoking the Born-Oppenheimer approximation, these energies are used to generate potential surfaces for the interaction of a negative particle with an atom or small molecule. The results indicate that the particle-induced polarizations are significant even at 10-bohr separations in neon. Unusual behavior of the dipole moments of both argon and neon was calculated to occur as a function of separation. The molecular-orbital approach used here may also be useful in analyzing recent ionization behavior in low-energy {ital {bar p}}--inert-gas scattering experiments. Furthermore, the calculated large degree of polarization further constrains the design of materials for long-term normal matter storage of antiprotons for advanced energy sources.