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Abnormal 1 hour glucose challenge test followed by a normal 3 hour glucose tolerance test: does it identify adverse pregnancy outcome?

OBJECTIVE
To determine if pregnancies with an abnormal glucose challenge test (GCT) but a normal (GTT) are at increased risk for fetal macrosomia or an adverse pregnancy outcome.


STUDY DESIGN
This prospective observational study matched women with an abnormal glucose challenge test and a normal GTT with the next patient with a normal GCT.


RESULTS
Over 12 months, 107 women with abnormal GCT were matched with 107 women with normal GCT. Women with an abnormal GCT were older (27.3 vs. 24.7, p = 0.001) and less likely to be African-American (OR = 2.2, 95% CI 1.06-4.49) but no more likely to have an adverse pregnancy outcome. ROC curves could not differentiate between macrosomic vs non-macrosomic newborns using GCT values.


CONCLUSION
Women with an abnormal GCT but a normal GTT are more likely to be older, less likely to be African-American, but no more likely to have an adverse pregnancy outcome or a macrosomic fetus.