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Eicosapentaenoic acid interferes with U46619-stimulated formation of inositol phosphates in washed rabbit platelets.

Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) inhibits platelet responsiveness to aggregating agents. To investigate the reactions that are affected by EPA, we examined the effect of preincubating aspirin-treated rabbit platelets with EPA on stimulation of inositol phosphate formation in response to the TXA2 analogue U46619. Stimulation of platelets with U46619 (0.5 microM) caused aggregation and slight release of dense granule contents; aggregation and release were inhibited by preincubation of the platelets with EPA (50 microM) for 1 h followed by washing to remove unincorporated EPA. Incubation with EPA (50 microM) for 1 h did not cause a detectable increase in the amount of EPA in the platelet phospholipids. When platelets were prelabelled with [3H]inositol, stimulation with U46619 of control platelets that had not been incubated with EPA significantly increased the labelling of inositol phosphates. The increases in inositol phosphate labelling due to U46619 at 10 and 60 s were partially inhibited by preincubation of the platelets with 50 microM EPA. Since the activity of cyclo-oxygenase was blocked with aspirin, inhibition of inositol phosphate labelling in response to U46619 indicates either that there may be inhibition of signal transduction without a detectable change in the amount of EPA in platelet phospholipids, that changes in signal transduction require only minute changes in the fatty acid composition of membrane phospholipids, or that after a 1 h incubation with EPA, activation of phospholipase C is affected by a mechanism that is not directly related to incorporation of EPA.