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Chemical doping modulation of nonlinear photoluminescence properties in monolayer MoS2

We demonstrate a simple modulation technique of nonlinear optical properties in monolayer (1L) MoS2 via chemical doping. The strong nonlinear behavior of the exciton photoluminescence (PL) intensity is observed with increasing excitation power density for low-electron-density 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (F4TCNQ)-doped 1L-MoS2, whereas the exciton PL intensity of as-prepared, heavily electron-doped 1L-MoS2 exhibits weak sublinear behavior. These results are attributable to an enhanced exciton–exciton annihilation rate for the excitons in F4TCNQ-doped 1L-MoS2 as the dominant decay pathway under strong optical excitation conditions.