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[Porphyria cutanea tarda. An analysis of HFE gene mutations, hepatitis viruses, alcohol intake, and other risk factors in 54 patients from Guipúzcoa, Basque Country, Spain].

AIM
To study the frequency of HFE gene mutations (C282Y, H63D, S65C) in a group of 54 sporadic PCT patients and in a group of healthy controls (blood donors) from Guipúzcoa, Spain. We studied the association of PCT with HCV, HBV, alcohol abuse, and other established risk factors.


METHODS
The analysis of mutations was made by PCR. Allelic and genotypic frequencies were compared. Probability was determined and a Chi-squared test was performed.


RESULTS
No association was observed between C282Y mutation and PCT (5.76 vs. 5% in controls). A high H63D mutation frequency was observed in PCT (34.25%) but was not statistically significant (controls 29.31%) because of the high prevalence of this mutation in the Basque general population. The S65C mutation was lower in PCT than in controls. There is a similar presence for H63D heterozygosis in PCT (38.8 vs. 38.8%). HCV association was observed in 35.18% of patients with PCT. HBV infected 7.4% of patients. Heavy alcohol intake (> 60 g/day) was present in 55.55% of patients. No HIV-infected patients were detected. The study of other risk factors revealed only one of the five women with PCT taking estrogens.


CONCLUSION
Our results found no relevant role for C282Y and H63D mutations. External factors such as HCV and alcohol could be determinant in the development of PCT in the Basque population.