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Classification of MRI's images using the Fractional Fourier transform and the local binary pattern information by artificial neural network

Pattern recognition techniques are widely used in computer vision, classification of radio signals, and voice recognition. The fractional Fourier transform is used to recognize patterns using binary rings masks and segment images. This technique has the characteristic of being invariant to position and rotation and finally obtaining a one-dimensional signature. On the other hand, Neural Networks are used for pattern recognition based on a deep neural network algorithm. It has the characteristic of training large datasets with millions of images. Artificial Neural Networks(ANNs) are used for several applications such as pattern recognition and classification of input data. In particular, the ANN has been used to evaluate medical images from the brain to assess if the image corresponds to Alzheimer's disease. One disadvantage of the neural network is a large amount of time to learn depending on the number of patterns to be identified or classified and the ability to adapt and recognize patterns. Besides, the fractional Fourier transform cannot analyze a large amount of information. In this work, a comparison between the Artificial Neural Network and the Fractional Fourier Transform is presented to determine which will be the best for recognizing a batch of selected medical images. We propose a reconstruction method using both techniques for precise image recognition and the evaluation of their respective metrics such as accuracy, precision, sensitivity, and specificity. The medical images regarding Alzheimer's disease are no dementia, very mild dementia, mild dementia presenting the best performance regarding the receiver operating characteristics and moderate dementia was the worst classified related to the number of images of the dataset.