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International Literature Reviews

Abramowitz, E. G., Barak, Y., Ben-Avi, I., & Knobler, H. Y. (2008). Hypnotherapy in the treatment of chronic combat-related PTSD patients suffering from insomnia: A randomized, zolpidem-controlled clinical trial. International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis, 56(3), 270-280. The authors of this study wished to examine the benefits of using hypnosis to treat patients with chronic symptoms of post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The participants were 32 patients being treated for chronic PTSD symptoms with a combination of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) and supportive psychotherapy. The patients were randomized to a standard of care group and also to an add-on hypnosis intervention group. The 15 patients in the standard of care group received 10 milligrams of Zolpidem nightly for 2 weeks. The 17 patients in the hypnosis group were treated twice weekly in a 1.5 hour session format for 2 weeks with a “symptom-oriented” hypnotic intervention. All of the patients completed the Stanford Hypnotic Susceptibility Scale, Form C as a measure of hypnotic ability. The patients also completed the Beck Depression Inventory, the Impact of Event Scale (as a measure of PTSD), and the Visual Subjective Sleep Quality Questionnaire before and after treatment to track their experience of a variety of chronic PTSD symptoms. The authors reported finding a significant main effect of hypnosis in treating PTSD symptoms as measured by the Impact of Event Scale. The authors also reported that the effect was preserved at a 1 month follow-up data collection session. The participants in the hypnosis group were reported to experience significant reductions in their intrusion and avoidance related symptoms of PTSD. The authors also reported that hypnosis appeared to help the sleep difficulties of the PTSD patients. The patients in the hypnosis group were reported to experience an increase in the quality of their sleep in all sleep variables that were assessed by the Visual Subjective Sleep Quality Questionnaire. Address for Reprints: Israel Defense Forces, Mental Health Department, Israel. Email: eitanmd@zahav.net.il.