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Is renal involvement related to birth weight and adult height?

Low birth weight has been described as a risk factor for the development of diabetic nephropathy in Type 1 diabetic women, whereas low birth weight did not increase the risk of diabetic nephropathy in Type 1 diabetic men [2]. However, another study of Type 1 diabetic patients found that increased risk of nephropathy was explained by other familial and perinatal factors including maternal smoking during pregnancy, and low-level maternal education [3]. In Pima Indians, Type 2 diabetic subjects with both low and high birth weight had increased risk of elevated urinary albumin excretion [4].