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Spatial ray dynamics in the formation of optical speckle fields

Process of speckle-field forming when a light beam is distorted by optical inhomogeneities is considered, spatial ray dynamics is studied, and also regularities of birth of the wave-front dislocations are revealed. The energy-stream lines are constructed for the Gaussian beam passed through an optical inhomogeneity on the basis of the solution of the parabolic equation for the complex amplitude of the monochromatic wave field. Simulating of the ray trajectories is accompanied by the study of the complete set of the critical points. The angular divergence of radiation is calculated as an integral characteristic of the wave front. The ray spatial dynamics shows the basic features of transformation of the first smooth wave front into the singular one. It is established that this process is accompanied by the energy redistribution in the space manifested as a local beam focusing. The intensity distribution in the plane transversal to the beam propagation direction transforms according the rays' behavior. The discovered ray local focusing is the forerunner of subsequent beginnings of the pair screw wave front dislocations in the points of zero intensity. When the beam propagates through the medium having the refractive index inhomogeneities the dislocations can annihilate and then born again and the intensity acquires the speckle-structure.