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Activation of satellite cells induced by chronic neostigmine administration in the rat.

Muscle fibrillation has been suggested as a possible trigger for activation of satellite cells, a well known phenomenon associated with denervation. In order to test such a hypothesis fibrillation has been induced in normally innervated muscles by chronic administration of neostigmine and the response of satellite cells has been observed with a scanning electron microscope. The results show that satellite cells protrude from the profile of the muscle fiber, become partially separated from the latter, and align in rows. Elongated structures and presumable new muscle fibers are observed after 14 days of treatment. It is concluded that the overactivity of muscle fibers which is induced during fibrillation causes activation and differentiation of satellite cells. This result is consistent with that of a previous experiment showing that satellite cells are activated during acute increase in workload.