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[Role of apo B-containing lipoproteins in the development of exertional diabetes in humans under Arctic and Antarctic conditions].

Under extreme conditions of the Arctic and Antarctic, man develops exertional diabetes, which is characterized by (1) decreases in blood insulin levels and in responses of the insular apparatus to glucose load; (2) a reduction in blood sugar; (3) a drop in glucose uptake; (4) lowering of the renal barrier for blood sugar and other low-molecular weight compounds; (5) appearance of urinary sugar and an increase in its nocturnal resting concentration. Exertional diabetes lies in the basis of switching energy metabolism from the carbohydrate to lipid types at high latitudes. The mechanism of this phenomenon is associated with the contra-insular effect of LDL and VLDL. There is a common epitope in the beta-chain of insulin and LDL and VLDL apoprotein B. The existence of the common epitope leads to competition of insulin and apoprotein B for an insulin receptor and reduces tissue glucose uptake.