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Hybrid hierarchical optical cross-connect node and network applications

Hybrid hierarchical optical cross-connects enhance the performance/cost ratio of optical networks by providing transparent (optical) switching of sets of wavelengths (wavebands) in addition to opaque (electrical) switching of individual wavelengths. As the network bandwidth is getting cheaper, and performance bottleneck is moving to switching nodes, these systems provide an attractive scalable solution for next generation optical networks. We describe key technological components (including flexible non-uniform wavebands) of hybrid hierarchical optical cross-connects and discuss their performance/cost implications.