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Politics, Government, and the Eighteenth-Century Committees of Inquiry into the Police of Metropolitan London

Until recently, most history books were written as political history. They were the history of the winners of political and military battles. As is true of so many things, history has diversified. As the social sciences developed, it became fashionable to write social and economic history. These works added a new perspective that was badly needed, but they often neglected the political views of the time. Like the old political histories, they were guilty of omissions. Most of the historical studies of the English police have failed to offer an in depth analysis of the politics of the time. This is unfortunate, particularly in the light of the fact that contemporary criminologists recognize the pervasive influence that the world of politics has over the criminal justice system. The purpose of this essay is twofold: to examine briefly the structure of English government and the political process during the eighteenth century and to explore the impact each had on the Committees of Inquiry, which were formed to investigate the police of metropolitan London.