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NORWEGIAN FAMILIES: TRANSITION TO PARENTHOOD

Our purpose in conducting this study was to explore relationships among family dynamics, parent–fetal attachment, and infant temperament in 230 mother–father pairs from the third trimester of pregnancy to when their infant was 7 to 9 months old. Mothers reported increased role conflict during this time, as well as more role conflict than their partners. First-time parents (n = 133) perceived more positive family dynamics than second-time parents (n = 97), as well as greater parent–fetal attachment. Maternal–fetal attachment was greater than paternal–fetal attachment. Health care providers can provide support for new parents as they negotiate new role relationships.