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Characterization of the Surface Structure and Composition of Stainless Steel 316 L after Electrochemical Roughening

SUMMARY The changes in morphology, structure and chemical composition of the surface of stainless steel 316 L roughened by an electrochemical treatment have been studied by means of profilometry, SEM and XPS methods. The steel was subjected to a two-stage electrochemical anodic treatment based on the use of electrolytes containing an organic acid and a mixture of inorganic acids, respectively. The anodic treatment caused an essential change in surface morphology and structure, this resulting in an increase of the averaged surface depth Rz from 0.28 to 2.58 μm. XPS depth profiling has shown that the iron and nickel concentrations in the surface layer of the roughened steel are slightly reduced.