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Intensified physiotherapy improves fitness to fly in cystic fibrosis patients.

OBJECTIVES
The life expectancy for patients with cystic fibrosis has risen constantly within the last 10 years to an average age over 20 years in western countries. However, most of these patients are partially respiratory insufficient. Frequently their physicians must decide whether it is acceptable to expose them to reduced air pressure on board of an aeroplane during long distance flights or how their fitness to fly can be improved prior to their annual vacation. We investigated the effect of intensified daily physiotherapy -carried out during a four weeks stay on Gran Canaria, Spain- on lung-function parameters, oxygen saturation and saliva neopterin as marker for ongoing inflammation in the respiratory tract.


METHODS
10 out of 12 patients (age 19 34 years, mean 28.6 years) were investigated two weeks prior and two weeks after their trip to the Canaries, Spain. Lung function on ground level and during flights to and from the island, oxygen saturation and saliva-flow adjusted neopterin in saliva were measured.


RESULTS
Over the entire group vital capacity (VC) improved significantly from 2.89 l (range 1.37 3.95) to 3.36 l (range 1.23 5.24). Intrathoracic gas volume as a sign for pulmonary hyperinflation- declined slightly from 3.79 l (range 2.06 6.17) to 3.48 l (range 2. 18 5.85). The oxygen saturation increased from 89.5% (range 79 - 92%) during the flight to the Canaries to 94% (range 82 - 96%) during the return flight. Saliva neopterin dropped from 0.8 pmol/min. (range 0.2 6.8 pmol/min) to 0.6 ( range 0.1 2.6 pmol/min) pointing to diminished inflammation in the respiratory tract.


CONCLUSION
Our results indicate that fitness to fly can be improved by intense physiotherapy as shown by improvement of vital capacity and oxygen saturation during flight. The influence of an additional climate change on the improvement of lung function in CF-patients needs further evaluation.