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Prevalence and Clinical Outcome of Athletes With Mitral Valve Prolapse.

Recently, a renewed interest has grown about mitral valve prolapse (MVP) as a neglected cardiac abnormality potentially associated with major cardiovascular events, including sudden cardiac death, in young and adult individuals.1 This consideration raised our interest for an updated understanding of the clinical outcome in young athletes with MVP. Therefore, we aimed to assess the prevalence and long-term outcome of MVP in a large cohort of competitive athletes, consecutively evaluated at our institution from 2000 to 2010. Cardiovascular evaluation included clinical and family history, physical examination, baseline and exercise ECG, and echocardiography. MVP was defined as a single or bileaflet protrusion of at least 2 mm beyond the long-axis annular plane into the left atrium2; mitral annular disjunction (MAD) was defined as a perceptible separation of the left ventricular (LV) wall from the posterior portion of the mitral annulus at end-systole.3 Twenty-four–hour ambulatory ECG monitoring was performed in athletes with symptoms or ECG evidence (resting or exercise) of arrhythmias. Ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) were defined as 1 or more of the following: nonsustained ventricular tachycardia; ≥1 ventricular couplets or ≥3 premature ventricular contractions on exercise testing; …