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Enhancement of survival and proliferation of clonogenic cells by monocyte-derived growth factors.

Human peripheral blood monocytes release a factor that enhances the clonal growth of human epithelial tumor cells in soft agar. The monocyte-derived growth factor was needed for both cellular proliferation and survival. Survival of SW-13 colony-forming cells decreased linearly in the absence of monocyte-conditioned media (MO-CM). Cells failed to respond to MO-CM after four days in culture. Although MO-CM enhanced growth when cells were plated at low density, growth was also enhanced when cell density was not a limiting factor. MO-CM increased DNA synthesis of SW-13 cells growing in monolayer culture as measured by tritiated-thymidine incorporation. These findings support evidence indicating inflammatory products may play a role in maintenance of the transformed phenotype.