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TNF and IL‐1β exposure increases airway narrowing but does not alter the bronchodilatory response to deep inspiration in airway segments

While chronic inflammation of the airway wall and the failure of deep inspiration (DI) to produce bronchodilation are both common to asthma, whether pro‐inflammatory cytokines modulate the airway smooth muscle response to strain during DI is unknown. The primary aim of the study was to determine how an inflammatory environment (simulated by the use of pro‐inflammatory cytokines) alters the bronchodilatory response to DI.