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Investigation of transformer performance by the finite element method

Although precise analytical methods for studying transformer performance, such as iron loss, copper loss and stray loss, are complicated, the finite element method (FEM) proved to be a potential tool for analyzing this subject. This study illustrated that transformer parameters, such as core shape, air-gap length and core type, significantly affected transformer performances. Furthermore, the 2D and 3D finite element analysis provided understandable visual for transformer designers.