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Production and characterization of bacterial cellulose scaffold from Acetobacter sp. for tissue engineering

Tissue engineering is an interdisciplinary research and is mainly dealing with regenerative medicine for tissue regeneration or repair. Recently the research on the development of bio-degradable scaffolds is inevitable in tissue engineering. Scaffolds play a very important role in the proliferation of the cells and act as a temporary matrix similar to that of the cellular matrix. Hence, our research is mainly focused on the production of biodegradable cellulose from Acetobacter xylinu m. A. xylinu m was cultured at 30°C in the standard Hestrin Schramm (HS) medium. Media optimization using Response surface methodology was performed for maximizing cellulose production. The parameters selected for media optimization were glucose, peptone, yeast extract, citric acid, and dihydrogen phosphate at various concentrations. It was observed that the production of cellulose in the optimized media recorded 8.6 g/L when compared to the standard HS medium (4.48 g/L). The Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy results and biochemical analysis proved that the product obtained by media optimization using A. xylinu m was cellulose. In vitr o cytotoxicity using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay proved that the cellulose produced was not toxic. Further, Scanning Electron Microscope images white crystal-like structures with porous nature.