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Risk of congenital malformations not higher with benzodiazepine use

Interval Follow-Up Evaluation was used to assess psychiatric symptoms and psychosocial functioning at each study visit. Follow-up outcomes were available for 340 participants. The researchers found that after adjustment for age and intake covariates, youths treated with lithium had lower mean depression scores, less aggression, and better psychosocial functioning, and were less likely to have a suicide attempt, than youths treated with other mood stabilizers. Sensitivity analyses were generally consistent with the main outcome. Youths taking lithium in the 3 months prior to the onset of a mood episode had better psychosocial functioning during mood episodes. Study authors wrote that the data “have provided evidence, perhaps for the first time, that lithium, compared to other mood-stabilizing medications, may be superior in preventing suicidal attempts, decreasing depressive symptoms, and improving psychosocial function in youths and emerging adults.” [Hafeman D, et al. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2019; published online Jul 29; doi: 10.1016/j. jaac.2019.06.013]