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Pensioners in the German Social Security System: Payments of Contribution and Benefits

Pensioners receive pension payments as well as health insurance and nursing insurance benefits. But pensioners are also contributors to the health and nursing insurance. So the pensioners fund part of the expenditures they cause by themselves. This study takes a closer look at the different pensions (old-age pension, disability pension and widow and widower pension) and their characteristics such as the age distribution of pension recipients, the income structure or the income distribution. The social security contributions and the expenditures of the social insurance for pensioners will be determined age-specific and sex-specific. It can be stated that the contributions of the pensioners to the statutory health insurance are not sufficient to cover the caused expenditures starting at the age of 45 on average. Comparing the sum of contributions with the sum of expenditures leads to the conclusion that pensioners’ contributions cover 44% of the expenditures of the statutory health insurance and 27% of the expenditures of the long term care insurance.