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Effects of Osteogenic Induction on Mesenchymal Cells from Fetal and Maternal Parts of Human Placenta

To clarify whether the mesenchymal cells derived from human placenta were available for bone regeneration, we investigated the effects of osteogenic induction on mesenchymal cells of fetal and maternal parts of the placenta. The osteogenic-induced mineralization in both types of cells was measured by von Kossa staining, and the calcium concentration and the expression of osteogenic markers were assayed by RT-PCR. In the mesenchymal cells of both parts, osteopontin, osteocalcin, alkaline phosphatase, and collagen type I, which are osteogenic markers, were expressed. Moreover, the mesenchymal cells of the fetal part of the placenta were mineralized for 3 weeks, but those of the maternal part were not. These results showed that the mesenchymal cells derived from human placenta had an osteogenic phenotype and that only the mesenchymal cells of the fetal part were capable of being used as a cell source for bone reconstitution.