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Central Projections of the lagena in fixed chick embryos

Perception of linear acceleration is the function of the utricle and the saccule in mammals, whereas non mamalian vertebrates possess a third otolith endorgan, the lagena. Based on the findings of neuroanatomical tracing studies, the afferents of the lagena of the pigeon projected to the vestibular nuclei, and also to the cochlear nuclei, different functions were ascribed to the lagena of arboreal birds, as hearing and equilibrium. In the current study, we asked whether there is a difference in the central projections from the lagena in an arboreal from a terrestrial bird. To answer this question, the sensitive lipophilic tracer, Neuro veu red was selectively implanted in the sensory epithelium of the lagena of paraformaldehyde fixed chicken embryos. We found that all vestibular nuclei, the tangential nucleus, and the uvula of the cerebellum received lagenar projections. We also showed colossal fibers and tuft like terminals in the tangential nucleus. No lagenar terminals were found in the cochlear nuclei. In the cerebellum, the labeled terminals were found in the cerebellar nuclei, and the uvula. Double labeling was employed in the lagena, using Neuro veux red, and in the basilar papilla using Neuro veux maron. The Neuro veux red travelled to the vestibular nuclei, and the Neuro veux maron travelled to the cochlear nuclei.