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Optimizing Aggregators Placement in Distribution Networks Using ZigBee Technology through PSO and Graph Theory

In recent years, population growth in densely populated areas has resulted in increased electricity demand, which makes the distribution planning challenging. In addition, the inclusion of small scale generation within the distribution network has caused some operational issues. A possible solution to mitigate these effects is the application of smart grids in low-voltage networks. Extensive low-voltage networks with high penetration of distributed generation and the tools, techniques, and procedures available in smart grids have motivated the installation of wireless aggregators in the network, which allows the collection of operation information. Such data collected in the aggregators contributes to a better monitoring of the electrical system and provides insightful information for planners and operators. Additionally, in order to improve the operation of the electric network, a methodology of placement of wireless aggregators is proposed. Within this methodology, each aggregator is considered as a reference to group the wireless smart meters, which are installed at every end consumer. ZB’s wireless communication technology is considered in this paper, which is extensively used due to its low latency, operational cost and packet data. The result of this aggregation has shown to improve the observability of the electrical system.