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Concanavalin A changes not only the number of insulin binding sites but also the binding affinity in rat hepatoma cells in culture.

When rat hepatoma cells (R-Y121B) were first incubated with labeled insulin, followed by concanavalin A, at 500 micrograms/ml at 23 degrees C, the total cell-associated radioactivity increased. At 4 degrees C, however, this increase was not observed. Scatchard analysis revealed that concanavalin A increased insulin binding affinity. The bound insulin was internalized together with concanavalin A. When the cells were incubated with concanavalin A prior to insulin addition, however, the total cell-associated radioactivity decreased at both temperatures. This was caused by the masking of insulin binding sites by the lectin.