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Distributed Adaptive Range Extension Setting for Small Cells in Heterogeneous Cellular Network

For heterogeneous network, which has been deployed by 4G systems in a small scale and is viewed as one pioneering technology for making cellular networks be evolved into 5G systems, more efficiently achieving load balance between Macrocells and small cells has attracted increasing attention. Specifically, when Macrocells and Picocells use the completely same frequency spectrum resource, range extension (RE) of Picocells is the key approach for load balancing. It has been observed that, when increasing the RE bias for augmenting the load balancing benefit, the link failure probability of downlink control channel will increase for user equipments (UEs) associated to Picocells because of inter-cell interference. Enhanced inter-cell interference cancellation (eICIC) techniques have been developed to solve this problem, where the time division multiplexing (TDM) based techniques have been mainly focused. However, due to reducing available time-domain resources, the TDM based eICIC techniques will cause inherent performance loss in Macrocells. In this paper, without exploiting any existing eICIC techniques, the aforementioned problem is solved via designing one adaptive per-Picocell RE biasing scheme. In this scheme, with the awareness of unacceptable interference, each Picocell wisely and autonomously adjusts its RE bias among a set of candidate values. Furthermore, this scheme is implemented in a distributed way, without the need of global optimization. Simulation results verify good performance of the proposed scheme, in terms of ICIC effect and load balance benefit.