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[Macroscopic identification of cultivated and wild Gentiana macrophylla and preliminary screening for high quality germplasm].

OBJECTIVE
To investigate the difference of macroscopic characteristics between cultivated Gentiana macrophylla and wild one, analyze the correlation among its main quality traits and preliminary screen cultivated Gentiana macrophylla from different habitats based on quality traits.


METHODS
Measured and obtained characteristic index, including main root length, lateral root number, taproot diameter, residue stem number and dry weight, and analyzed data by SPSS 12.0 statistical software.


RESULTS
The main characteristics of cultivated Gentiana macrophylla were all better than those of the wild one. The characteristics was sequenced as follows: lateral root number > dry weight > main root lengthy > taproot diameter > residue stem number in order of difference. There were remarkable positive correlations among main quality traits. The optimal germplasm was located in Yulinpu of Liufengguan Village, Nanxing Town, Feng County in Shaanxi Province.


CONCLUSION
Cultivated Gentiana macrophylla is relatively robust, having more branching roots with light colour of surface and section compared with the wild one. The paper provides suggestions for the revising of macroscopic characteristics of Gentiana macrophylla in the next edition of pharmacopoeia; The data offer scientific reference for screening excellent germplasm, introduction expansion and reasonable utilization of resources as well.