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Induction of chromosome aberrations by monochromatic X-rays with resonance energy of phosphorus K-shell absorption edge.

The induction of chromosome aberrations by monochromatic soft X-rays with energies corresponding to the K-shell absorption edge of phosphorus has been studied in density-inhibited mouse m5S cells. The frequency of dicentrics was markedly enhanced when the cells were irradiated with energy at the K-shell resonance peak (2.153 keV) as compared to those at below (2.146 keV) or above (2.160 keV) the peak. The quantum efficiency was calculated to be 2.7 x 10(-3) for the induction of dicentrics per photoelectric absorption of phosphorus atom in DNA, which was comparable to the known efficiencies of X- or gamma-ray-induced DNA double-strand breaks. However, comparison of the efficiencies based on the absorbed dose indicated that the magnitude of the enhancement was not due solely to the selective photoelectric absorption of the phosphorus atoms in DNA, and suggested the combined contributions of Auger electrons from phosphorus atoms within and outside the DNA molecules.