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[Contribution of a hematologic cytogenetic laboratory to the diagnosis, classification and prognosis of various hematologic malignancies].

The presence of an haematological cytogenetic laboratory into a clinical unit allowed to realize a close collaboration between clinicians and cytogeneticists, and to achieve a maximal exploitation of the results of the bone marrow cytogenetic studies in some haematological malignancies. It made it possible to perform sequential bone marrow karyotypes studies during the different phases of a disease: We could thus establish: The diagnostic value of cytogenetic findings for chronic myelocytic leukaemia, secondary acute leukaemia, but not for dysglobulinemias. The prognostic value of cytogenetic abnormalities in chronic myelocytic leukaemia where additional abnormalities to the Ph1 are a hallmark of blastic transformation; in primitive dysmyelopoiesis where they represent a bad prognostic factor; in dysglobulinemias, where they are a signal of terminal evolution. In all these diseases, only complex and multiple abnormalities have a prognostic significance pointing out the emergence of a malignant clone, where as rare and single abnormalities are of no significance. Nowadays, haematological cytogenetic must be bound to molecular biology.