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Salvage Endoscopic Nasopharyngectomy in Recurrent Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: Prognostic Factors and Treatment Outcomes

Background This study aimed to investigate the demographics, treatment outcomes, and prognostic factors of salvage endoscopic nasopharyngectomy in recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Methods We conducted a retrospective analysis of 189 patients who underwent treatment for recurrent NPC from January 2006 to June 2018. The Kaplan–Meier method and log-rank test were used to assess survival rates. A Cox regression model was used for multivariate survival analyses. Results We included 132 men and 57 women in the study, with a median age of 51 (range, 25–85) years. The overall 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates were 82.2%, 59.5%, and 43.6%, respectively, during a median follow-up of 24 (range, 2–111) months. In subjects over 50 years of age, diabetes, low body mass index (BMI < 20 kg/m2), low hemoglobin (<120 g/l) levels, increased neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR; ≥ 6), advanced T stage (rT3 and rT4), lymph node metastasis, and positive surgical margins were associated with a poor prognosis in terms of overall survival. Cox multivariate regression analyses showed significant differences in age, BMI, NLR, diabetes, T stage, N stage, and tumor necrosis. Conclusions In subjects over 50 years of age, diabetes, low BMI, increased NLR, advanced T stage, lymph node metastasis, and tumor necrosis were independent prognostic factors for overall survival.