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Tunnel Gap Imaging Study of Highly Oriented Pyrolytic Graphite Using Scanning Tunneling Microscope

An STM system capable of measuring the tunnel gap separation (s) dependence of tunnel current (I), i.e., the I-s characteristics, was constructed. The I-s characteristics were successfully measured by sweeping the set current, instead of modulating the tip position. It was found that the tunnel current could be detected over a separation range of 1 nm. Furthermore, a new imaging technique, tunnel gap imaging, which maps out the lateral distribution of the I-s characteristics, is proposed and realised.