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Integrated Planning of Cyber-Physical Active Distribution System Considering Multidimensional Uncertainties

The integration of cyber technologies is transforming the power distribution network into a cyber-physical active distribution system (CPADS), and brings more flexibility to its operation. However, various uncertainties from the cyber space and physical space are emerging and coupled with each other, which results in significant challenges for the distribution network planning and operation. Thus, a bilevel integrated planning model accounting for multidimensional uncertainties from both the cyber space and physical space is proposed for the CPADS in this paper. With the goal of minimizing the annual investment and operation costs, the model comprehensively considers the location and selection of active-management elements (e.g., electrical storage systems, capacitor banks, and switches), investment constraints, power flow constraints, and operation constraints for all the active-management elements, etc. Moreover, based on the typical cyber system failure scenario represented by information link failure (ILF), a novel N-k uncertainty set considering the failure probability distribution is proposed, while the uncertainties of renewable energy and load demand are characterized by box-like uncertainty sets. Finally, the proposed planning model is recast into a multi-stage robust optimization model which can be divided into a master problem and two-step subproblems (SP-1 and SP-2) to be solved by the column and constraint generation (CCG) algorithm. Case studies and comparative analysis on the PG 69 distribution system are performed to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.