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Orientalization of America: The Soviet Imagination of the American ‘Other’ and Modernization in Brezhnev’s Era

Introduction In the last three decades there were plenty of publications that focused on “orientalization” of Russia. From the early modern times Eastern Europe and Russia were perceived as “non-West.”1 Western writers and travelers described Russia using oriental metaphors and underlining Russian exotic wildness.2 Orientalism as a methodological framework can be applied not only to western perception of Russia, but to Russia itself. The Russian Empire and the Soviet Union had their own Orient. Russian politics toward its eastern provinces could be studied through the lens of Edward Said’s approach.3 Although approaching Russian history with this methodological framework is still a matter of academic debates,4 it can be productive to use Orientalism as Max Weber’s ideal type that can highlight differences and similarities of certain phenomena of Russian history.