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Grindability studies of thermomechanically processed advanced high strength steel using sol-gel and fused alumina grain-based grinding wheels

Advanced high strength steels have excellent strength-to-weight ratio and are widely used for automotive and structural applications. Grinding is commonly used as a final machining process for these materials to achieve the required dimensional tolerance and surface quality. In this work, the grindability of as-received microstructure of ferrite-pearlite and in-house developed ferrite-bainite-martensite steels using polycrystalline white fused alumina and microcrystalline sol-gel alumina grinding wheels under flood and minimum quantity lubrication conditions is studied. Grindability of these steels was evaluated based on the wheel wear, grinding forces, force ratio, specific cutting energy, surface roughness (Ra), and surface morphology. The sol-gel alumina wheel was observed with higher wear flat area and forces under all the grinding conditions as compared with white fused alumina wheel. The white fused alumina wheel exhibited higher force ratio values for all the grinding conditions than the sol-gel alumina wheel. The energy required per unit volume of material removal is lower for the white fused alumina wheel in both the steels under flood and minimum quantity lubrication conditions. This is due to the retention of sharpness of abrasive grains by self-sharpening for white fused alumina wheel than the sol-gel alumina. The presence of fractured, melted, and hollow chips on the ferrite-pearlite and ferrite-bainite-martensite steels under both the grinding condition confirms the change in material removal mechanism with the presence of higher wear flat area of the sol-gel alumina wheel. Based on the obtained results, the white fused alumina wheel was found to be a suitable grinding wheel for grinding of both the steels under all grinding conditions compared to the sol-gel alumina wheel.