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Prevalence of antibodies to human T-lymphotropic viruses types I and II among healthy blood donors.

OBJECTIVE
To assess the prevalence of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I and type II antibodies in blood donors donating blood for various reasons in a University hospital and to compare the results with other reports from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), and elsewhere.


METHODS
A 7-year retrospective review of blood bank records for results of serological tests at the King Fahd Hospital of the University, Al-Khobar, KSA, from January 1995 to December 2001 was conducted. The study included review of blood donor questionnaire cards as well as extraction of any other relevant information.


RESULTS
The results showed that the total number of blood donor units drawn during the 7- year period was 23493 units. A total of 50 units were found repeatedly reactive by enzyme immunoassay screening test (0.2%). Only 12 (0.05%) were confirmed reactive by western blot test and 4 were found to be indeterminate. Nine (0.04%) of the confirmed samples were from Saudi nationals. All 3 non-Saudi confirmed reactive donors were Indian nationals, while the 4 indeterminate cases, 2 were Saudis and 2 were Egyptians. A statistical estimate of the maximal risk of finding a positive donor in this donor population subgroup is in the order of 0.05%. The number of Saudi blood donors during this study was 16434 (80.3%) and non-Saudi donors was 4027 (19.7%).


CONCLUSION
Based on these results it is shown that the prevalence of this virus is still low among blood donors in the Eastern region of Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.