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T‐Cell Abnormalities in Antibody Deficiency Syndromes

We studied two patients with hypogammaglobulinaemia, three with selective IgA deficiency, and four with selective extreme IgM deficiency for T‐cell abnormalities in the circulating blood. Most patients had altered CD4+ helper/inducer and CD8+ suppressor/cytotoxic T‐cell subsets, and an elevated percentage of HLA‐DR+ and interleukin 2 (IL‐2) receptor+ antigens on lymphocytes. One patient with the selective IgA deficiency had an absence of CD4+ T cells in blood. The lymphocytes of eight patients showed a diminished proliferative response and deficient IL‐2 production in response to stimulation with phytohaemagglutinin or concanavalin A. The three patients with selective IgM deficiency were found to have a defective T‐cell abnormality in IgM synthesis by B cells. It is interesting that CD8+ T cells of the two patients with IgM deficiency demonstrated suppressor cell function for IgM synthesis by the normal B and T cells.