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2D Materials for Electrochemical Energy Storage: Design, Preparation and Application.

Electrochemical energy storage and conversion is a promising route to relieve the increasing energy and environment crisis owing to its high efficiency and environmental friendliness. However, it is still challenging to realize the wide application because of the unsatisfying electrode materials with either high cost or poor activity. Searching for novel electrode materials is urgently needed. 2D materials are possible candidates due to their unique geometry and physicochemical properties. In this review, we focus on the latest advances of novel 2D materials for electrochemical energy storage and conversion. Computational investigation and design of 2D materials are firstly introduced, and then preparation methods are presented in detail. Next, the related applications to supercapacitors, alkali metal-ion batteries and metal-air batteries are summarized comprehensively. Finally, the challenges and perspectives are discussed to offer a guideline for future exploration of high-efficiency 2D materials.