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The role of NSD2 (Nuclear receptor‐binding SET domain‐containing protein) in AR‐mediated transcriptional regulation

Nuclear receptor‐binding SET domain protein 2 (NSD2), a member of histone methyltransferase is involved in human malignant tumors, including leukemia and multiple myeloma. The ligand‐bound AR regulates the transcription of target genes via a mechanism binding co‐regulators or co‐activators. The relationship among NSD2 and androgen receptor was investigated. Here we show that the N‐terminal domain of NSD2 directly interacts with DNA binding domain (DBD) of AR. Both NSD2 and AR proteins were co‐localized in nucleus by immunofluorescence staining. We also found that NSD2 enhanced the transcriptional activation mediated by AR in the presence of R1881. We have also examined the enzymatic potential of NSD2 and found that its SET domain possesses intrinsic histone methyltransferase activity with specificity for Lys4 and Lys9 of histone H3 (H3‐K4 and H3‐K9). These results provide that NSD2 increased AR transactivation. Together, our data reveal the functional roles of NSD2 and provide evidence for the functional importance of histone methylation in activation mediated by AR.