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Effect of Dimethoate on Prolactin Cells of Freshwater Catfish Heteropneustes fossilis after Short-term and Long-term Exposure

The effects of dimethoate on pituitary prolactin cells of Heteropneustes fossilis was investigated in this study. The fish Heteropneustes fossilis were subjected to sub-lethal concentration of dimethoate 2.24 mg/l i.e. 75% of 96 h LC50 for short-term (24, 48, 72 and 96 h), and 1.00 mg/l i.e. 25% of 96 h LC50 for long-term (6, 12, 24 and 36 d) exposure. Pituitary was removed from anaesthetised fish and fixed for histological examinations. H. fossilis exposed for short-term (96 h) at sub-lethal dimethoate concentration, exhibited marked changes in structure and staining properties of prolactin cells. PRL cells did not show much histological alterations after 24 h, however, after 96 h exposure exhibited severe vacuolization and nuclear pycnosis, indentation and deformity of nuclear boundaries. In longterm dimethoate exposure the PRL cells of Heteropneustes fossilis, exhibited low staining response invisible vacuolization and distinct nuclear boundaries after 6 day. However, severe vacuolization, pycnosis and the nuclear diameter reduction in PRL cells were noticed after 24 d and 36 d exposures. The study concluded that dimethoate affects calcium regulating prolactin (PRL) cells and disturb the calcium homeostasis of fish which is important for fish health and their survival. Original Research Article Pandey; ARRB, 15(5): 1-8, 2017; Article no.ARRB.35503 2