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A 100% Renewable CHP System for a Remote Area Power Supply

Most remote locations in Africa are nonelectrified due to the sites' location as opposed to the main utility grids. Studies carried out to assess the possibilities of extending the grids to reach these areas have shown in most cases that the solution is not economic due to the inability of the inhabitants to afford the electricity bills, in addition to the lack of important economic activities. An alternative solution is the use of off-grid power systems. Different configurations of off-grid power systems may be possible depending on the available resources, however, as remote area activities are based on farming and agriculture, organic matters from plants and animals can be used as primary energy to produce biogas and generate electricity and heat. In this study, a renewable combined heat and power (CHP) system using biogas is proposed as a solution to meet the electrical and thermal loads of a remote area in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa. The objective of the study is to assess the potential of implementing a biomass-based combined heat power system in a rural area by considering a total of twenty agricultural households. It is considered that a single household has an average of five species of livestock including cattle, sheep, goats and pigs. The type of biomass used in the study consists of manure released by the selected livestock. A technoeconomic evaluation is carried out using the electrical and thermal load requirement of the twenty households. Sensitivity analyses are carried on evaluating the Net Present Cost and Cost of Energy in case the discount and inflation rates vary. The modelling and simulation is carried using Homer Pro software.