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A new design concept for a thermoelectric generator with multiscale, multiphase, multifunctional composites

A new module design concept that integrates materials engineering with thermoelectric module optimization is proposed. This concept transforms the gaps between thermoelements and couples into internal space/pores within the elements to eliminate heat loss and thus to enhance module performance. The effect of the internal pore structure on module performance was studied using two effective medium models. The modeling results demonstrated that the power generation of the proposed module design increased by ~8% and the efficiency increased >20% compared to those of the traditional module design. The effect of the inclusion of the second solid phase in the composite on module performance was also studied using nine different high-efficiency thermoelectric materials as the inclusions. The modeling results showed that further increase in module performance up to ~50% that of the traditional module design can be achieved.