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Drain management after distal pancreatectomy based on a predictive model, including drainage fluid amylase and biochemical inflammatory markers: a preliminary study

Introduction Postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) is the Achilles’ heel of distal pancreatectomy. Surgeons use abdominal drains for early prediction, diagnosis, and timely management of POPF. The utility of drainage fluid in the prediction and diagnosis of POPF is a matter of debate. Patients and methods This is a retrospective cohort study of all patients who underwent distal pancreatectomy between January 2018 and January 2020. The present study aims to evaluate the association between drainage fluid amylase (DFA) and systemic inflammatory markers in the prediction of clinically relevant POPF. Results This study included 44 patients with a mean age of 40.3±16.3 years, and the female : male ratio was 2.7 : 1. POPF occurred in 11 (25%) patients. Of them, nine (20.5%) patients were managed by additional ultrasound-guided tube drainage. Higher drainage fluid amount and DFA-D1 were associated with a higher risk of POPF (P=0.036, and 0.009, respectively). The leukocytic count was significantly higher in POPF in the third postoperative day (POD) (P=0.032). POPF group had a significantly higher level of serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) on the fourth POD (P=0.001). Patients with high DFA-D1 (>330 IU/l), rising leukocytic count, and high serum LDH were significantly at higher risk of POPF (9/11 developed POPF, P=0.0001). Conclusion DFA-D1, rising leukocytic count, and high serum LDH level compromised a more robust predictive model for POPF. The cutoff value of DFA proposed by the ISGPF is applicable when combined with leukocytic count and serum LDH. Prospective large-scale studies are needed.