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Busy periods in vehicle queues

Queueing models have been used to describe the slowing or stopping of a stream of vehicles due to a traffic light, a merging disturbance, or an accident. The buildup of stopped vehicles, and their eventual dispersal after the delaying factor has been removed, has been likened to the busy period of a queue, e.g., Jewell (1964). Some studies have dealt with the total delay to all drivers involved in such a queue, Daley and Jacobs (1969), Gaver (1969); or the combination of this total delay and the distance of the last vehicle from the originating incident, McNeil (1969), Shaw (1970).