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Optimal Position of D-handles on Snow Shovels

Handles and handle designs have been the subject of numerous studies over many years. There are a number of studies concerned with parameters such as the size, shape and length of handles as they affect human performance and work efficiency. This study is concerned with D-handles on snow shovels. A simulated snow shoveling experiment with 13 subjects was conducted to determine the optimal position of D-handles on snow shovels. The shovels used were identical with respect to the length and size of their handles as well as blade shape. However, they differed in the angular position of the D-handle with respect to the shovel blade. Subjective rates of perceived exertion and body parts discomfort were collected. Analysis of the data showed significant subject differences but insignificant shovel type differences. The graphical examination of the data reveals that D-handles positioned in the 0 to 30 degree range scored the lowest rates of overall exertion and body parts discomfort.