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Assessment and treatment of alcoholism and substance-related disorders in the elderly.

Substance-related disorders in the elderly remain overlooked and undertreated. Up to 16% of the elderly have alcohol use disorders. With Americans age 65 and older constituting the fastest growing segment of our population, this issue becomes increasingly important. The author reviews the prevalence of geriatric alcoholism, the two typical drinking patterns seen in the elderly, the acute and chronic consequences of alcohol consumption with particular relevance to older persons, barriers to proper assessment of alcoholism in this age group, usefulness of available screening tools, treatment of alcohol withdrawal in the elderly, treatment of alcohol dependence in the elderly with focus on brief intervention, and aspects of nonalcohol drug abuse in the elderly.