{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.02559576345984113, 'fraction_numerical': 0.0, 'mean_word_length': 5.670588235294118, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
Mechanism for developing a kinesthetic haptic feedback system

Kinesthetic information is beneficial in detecting, recognizing, and interpreting haptic objects in virtual space. Unfortunately, kinesthetic feedback requires linkage-based high-powered multi-dimensional manipulators, such as exoskeletons or robotic arms, which are currently not possible to integrate with mobile devices. To overcome this challenge, we describe a novel system that is able to apply linkage-free directional forces to a stylus tip, in order to control user input behavior and provide haptic information. Elaborating on the theoretical approach introduced by Reznik and Canny in their `Universal Plannar Manipulator', this paper illustrates the development of the novel “Stick-slip” Kinesthetic Display Surface (SKDS) prototype. The SKDS prototype is an evolution of various design efforts, highlighting the efficiency, accuracy, and reliability of the system. We demonstrate how it is possible to generate directional forces on an interactive display in order to move a linkage-free stylus over a touchscreen in a fully controlled and efficient manner.