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ANALYSIS OF FACTORS THAT CONTRIBUTED TO THE OCCURRENCE OF UNDERGROUND COMPLEXES

The article considers the historical features of the development of underground space. The reasons that led to the emergence of underground structures are analyzed. The main factors that influenced the origin and formation of underground space are identified. The obtained data will serve as a part of the dissertation research. Human activity in the underground space has been diverse since ancient times and in most cases came solely for practical reasons. The development of underground space was due to two factors: the need to provide reliable, protected from external influences of structures suitable for existence, and the need to extract minerals to create tools. For a long time, people were satisfied with housing in naturally formed caves, but over time, due to rapid population growth and, consequently, the growing need for comfort, people were forced to look for new forms of living, including artificial underground housing. The habitat chosen by man for life is either artificially created or established naturally, designed to meet its needs: physical and biological, psychological and spiritual. In case of deformation of the habitat under external or internal influence, a person is forced to choose: to die due to physical discomfort, unable to meet basic needs for water and food, threatened with extinction by the enemy or change their living conditions by changing habitats with technological progressive solutions. Development of underground space and construction of underground structures made it possible to restore physical comfort in a new environment.