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Micronutrient Supplementation as Adjunct Treatment for HIV-Infected Patients.

There has been considerable interest in the potential role of micronutrients in the prevention and management of infectious diseases among adults and children [1, 2]. The case of vitamin A in the reduction of mortality associated with measles is well established [3], and supplementation with vitamin A is an integral part of the management of measles in developed and resource-limited settings [4]. In the case of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, several randomized trials and well-conducted and analyzed observational studies have demonstrated the benefits of micronutrient supplementation, including a reduction in the risk of HIV disease progression, particularly among individuals in the early stages of disease [5–8]. Micronutrient supplementation has also been shown to decrease the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes among HIVinfected women [9]. Although highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) results in significant improvement in health outcomes, the risks of opportunistic infections and mor-