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Modulation of VIPergic phenotype of enteric neurons by colonic biopsy supernatants from patients with inflammatory bowel diseases: Involvement of IL‐6 in Crohn's disease

Neuroplastic changes in the enteric nervous system (ENS) observed during IBD might participate in physiopathological processes. Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide has been shown to be involved in intestinal inflammation and barrier functions. We aimed to investigate the modulation of VIP expression in colonic biopsies of IBD patient, the ability of soluble factors from biopsies to reproduce in vitro these modulations and identify soluble factors responsible.