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Conservative therapy of extensive unicystic ameloblastoma: a case report

Ameloblastoma is a benign neoplasm originating from odontogenic epithelium. It is the most common neoplasm in the jaws and is characterized by aggressive behavior and local invasion. Intraosseous ameloblastomas are classified into solid, unicystic, and multicystic types. According to the World Health Organization, unicystic ameloblastoma (UA) is similar to a cyst. UA has a more favorable prognosis compared to solid and multicystic type and its recurrence rate ranges from 3.6% to 30.5% depending on the treatment method. The highest recurrence rate (30.6%) is observed after simple enucleation, whereas the lowest recurrence rate (3.6%) is observed after resection; a recurrence rate of 18% was reported when marsupialization was used before curettage. Decompression and marsupialization are conservative method of treatment of large cysts and UA. The purpose of decompression and marsupialization are size reduction of the mass, which makes it easy to handle at total enucleation. The success of decompression and marsupialization are influenced by various factors, such as age, surgeon’s technique, amount of incisional biopsy tissue during marsupialization, and close radiological follow-up. Here we report successful conservative treatment of extensive UA using conservative therapy with a review of literature. Case Report https://doi.org/10.14368/jdras.2018.34.3.246