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Effect of gamma rays in the preparation of polymer and hydrogel from acrylamide monomer

The formation of polymer and hydrogel from aqueous solutions having 20, 30 and 40% concentrations of acrylamide monomer by γ-ray irradiation processing in the dose range 0.06-30 kGy using a Co-60 source and their characterization have been observed. Polymer conversion and gel fraction are found to depend on radiation doses. Polymer conversion increases with the increase of dose, depending on the solution concentration, where maximum conversion is achieved at 0.18, 0.16 and 0.10 kGy for 20%, 30% and 40% concentrations, respectively. On the other hand, gel fraction increases with dose from the gel point (0.12 kGy) for all concentrations, where 100% conversion of gel occurs at doses ≥ 5 kGy. Tensile strength, viscosity and molecular weight (M w ) of polymer samples increase with both the dose and the concentration, showing a high value of M w up to 10 8 . Swelling of hydrogels under water with respect to time varies due to the variation of cross-linking density formed in the gels and the maximum swelling mainly occurs within 24 h. A remarkable change of surface morphology reveals characteristic features of monomer, polymer and hydrogel films.