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Discovery of "false Elite Controllers": HIV antibody-positive RNA-negative blood donors found to be on antiretroviral treatment.

BACKGROUND
An increase in potential HIV elite controllers (EC) and anecdotal reports of antiretroviral therapy (ART) use among South African blood donors led us to verify EC status.


METHODS
Stored plasma samples from potential EC were tested for ART drugs. Demographic and temporal associations were examined using multivariable logistic regression.


RESULTS
150 (66.4%) of 226 potential EC had detectable ART with increasing prevalence by year (OR=7.57 for 2016 vs. 2010, 95% CI 1.96-32.17).


DISCUSSION
False presumptive EC status due to undisclosed ART represents a growing proportion of potential EC donors in South Africa coincident with the country's ART rollout.