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Electric field‐enhanced transport across phase boundaries and membranes and its potential use in sample pretreatment for bioanalysis

Separation techniques, such as electrodialysis, electroextraction, electro‐membrane extraction and extraction across phase interfaces, are reviewed and discussed as methods for sample cleanup and preconcentration. This survey clearly shows that electromigration of ionic species across phase interfaces, especially across supported liquid membranes, may be very selective and is strongly dependent on the chemical composition of these interfaces. Thus, electric field‐enhanced transport across chemically tailored liquid membranes may open new perspectives in preparative analytical chemistry. This review offers comprehensive survey of related literature and discussion of the topic, which may stimulate interest of experts and practitioners in bioanalysis.