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Some Recent Reports on the Flavonoids

The flavanones, flavones and their relatives the anthocyanidins, have attracted interest over many years and now form an area of current importance. They occur as plant pigments both in the free state and as their glycosides. Recent work has been focussed on their biological activity particularly as anti-oxidants. They are important beneficial dietary constituents and are the active components of a number of herbal medicines. This has led to a resurgence of interest in their isolation, synthesis and chemistry which has been reflected in papers published in the Journal of Chemical Research. I now highlight some of these articles that have been published since 2013. Citrioside A was isolated from the leaves of Eucalyptus citriodora. The structure as a glycoside of 3’-methoxy3,5,7,4’-tetrahydroxyflavone was established by hydrolysis and spectroscopic studies. It showed significant anti-viral activity whilst a glycoside of 3,5-dihydroxy-7,3’,4’ trimethoxyflavone, lancifolide A, which was obtained from the flowers of Lilium lancifolium, has anti-fungal activity. Scutellarin-7-0-glucuronide is the main bio-active component of Erigeron breviscopus which is known as breviscopine and is used in Chinese traditional medicine for the treatment of cardiaand cerebro-vascular disease. Conditions which were also applicable to other glycosides, have been established for its efficient hydrolysis to the parent aglycone, scutellarein, 5,6,7,4’-tetrahydroxyflavone. A number of recent papers in the Journal of Chemical Research have applied more modern reagents to the classical synthesis of flavanones and flavones via o-hydroxychalcones.