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Phenotypical and functional evaluation of CD8+/S6F1+ T lymphocytes in haemophiliac individuals with HIV‐1 infection

In this study we investigated the distribution of the S6F1 antigen, an epitope of the lymphocyte function‐associated antigen, on CD8+ T lymphocytes in a series of 15 HIV‐1+ and 20 HIV‐1‐ haemophiliac patients. MoAbs recognizing the S6K1 antigen have been claimed to distinguish between killer electors (brightly S6F1+ stained) and suppressor cells (dimly S6K1+ stained) within the CD8+ lymphoid population. In addition, we tried to find a correlation between the spontaneous in vitro immunoglobulin synthesis from patients' peripheral blood lymphocytes and the pattern of S6F1 expression. Although the total number of double‐positive CD8+/S6F1+ cells was similar in both HIV‐1+ and HIV‐1‐ haemophiliac patients, a significant increase in the CD8+/S6F1+ population bright versus dim was documented in HIV‐1‐infected with respect to HIV‐1 haemophiliacs (bright/dim ratio 3·97 ± 0·61 versus 0·75 ± 0·1, respectively, P < 0·005). This finding was correlated to a significant increase in spontaneous in vitro immunoglobulin production in HIV‐1+ subjects compared with control haemophiliacs (P < 0·005). Purified CD8+ lymphocytes from HIV‐1+ subjects showed a reduced suppressor activity on mitogen‐induced immunoglobulin production. Taken together, these data suggest that HIV‐1 infection favours the generation of CD8+/S6F1+ bright cells with putative cytotoxic‐associated function, leading to a progressive reduction in the number of CD8+/S6F1+ dim suppressor lymphocytes. This phenomenon may contribute to the polyclonal hypergammaglobulinaemia present in HIV‐1+ haemophiliac patients.