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Calling rhythm and pheromone titers in Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lep., Noctuidae) from Mississippi and Honduras

Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith), the fall armyworm (FAW), collected from sorghum in Honduras (HND) and Mississippi (MS) and colonized in the laboratory for 2–5 generations under similar conditions exhibited dissimilar calling rhythms. MS females exhibited peak calling at ca. 23.00 h and HND females at ca. 03.00 h. Pheromone titers approximately paralleled calling rhythms. Individuals from the two colonies placed in reciprocal crosses mated successfully. Electrophoretic analysis of the two laboratory colonies suggest that both are genetically similar to corn strains. The three hour difference in peak calling between the two colonies may be attributed to differences in ambient temperatures that they are exposed to in their native habitats. The persistence of characteristic calling rhythms despite having been colonized for 2–5 generations under similar conditions suggests that calling may be genetically determined.