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Appendix A10: Examples of Conditions for Exposure of Biological Specimens

In this appendix, specific examples are provided that illustrate how exposures of different biological specimens for research purposes have been accomplished in an acceptable fashion, how dosimetry and problems associated with obtaining good dosimetry have been coped with, and how dosimetric factors are reported. The types of exposed material included in the examples are cells in tissue culture, other small samples such as Drosophila or seeds, small animals such as mice or rats, mouse tumors and large animals such as swine or dogs. The aim of including these examples is not to provide extensive coverage or to recommend specific techniques or approaches. Rather, a few specific examples are presented of how different types of radiobiological exposures have been accomplished, and general references are furnished should the reader wish to obtain more detailed information. (Specific and general references for each subsection of this appendix are given at the end of the alphabetical references.) The presentation of the several specific exposure methods here must not be construed to mean that these approaches are the only, or necessarily the "best" or even the recommended approaches to accomplishing such irradiations. The examples illustrate many of the principles discussed in the report, particularly in Section 5.