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Coxa vara infantum, hip growth disturbances, etiopathogenesis, and long-term results of treatment.

The literature concerning coxa vara infantum (CVI) contains only a few long-term follow-up reports of the treatment. This study was performed to define the clinical and roentgenographic features of coxa vara infantum (CVI) in children and skeletally mature patients. Special attention was given in follow-up evaluations to the growth and impairment of the hip joint (acetabulum, femoral head, and neck) before and after operative treatment in different age groups. Because in difficult cases the results of subtrochanteric osteotomy have not been satisfactory and have led to recurrences, the use of overcorrecting of the neck-shaft angle value into valgus position has been adopted. To gain further insight into etiopathogenesis of CVI, histologic investigations were carried out. These investigations revealed growth and endochondral ossification disorders. Similar changes found in the growth zone of the iliac bone seem to indicate that the ossification disturbances are multifocal. Expansion of the fibrous connective and calluslike tissues is evidence of the overload syndrome in CVI.