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Efficacy of Stent Implantation Combined with Balloon Dilatation in the Treatment of Severe Peripheral Arterial Occlusive Disease of Lower Extremity in Macao—A Single Center Experience

Objective: To investigate the feasibility and clinical efficacy of stent implantation and balloon angioplasty in the treatment of severe lower extremity arterial ischemia. Methods: Twentytwo patients with severe lower extremity ischemia were enrolled from January 2016 to December 2016. According to the scope of the patient's lesions, we choose the appropriate length of the balloon, according to different degrees of balloon dilation lesion stenosis or occlusion of the adjacent multiple short part of the lesion, as far as possible the formation of long balloon. Metallic stents were implanted in the dilated vessels to prevent restenosis. The incidence of postoperative complications, the rate of technical success and the clinical efficacy were observed, and the primary patency rate was evaluated through follow-up. Results: The total of 22 patients had 42 vessels with varying degrees of stenosis and occlusion, with an operative success rate of 100%. The primary patency rate was 90.9% and 81.8% at 6 and 12 months respectively. The ankle brachial index was significantly higher than that before the operation, and the Rutherford classification of most patients was significantly improved after the operation (P<0.05). No serious complications or death cases were found in this study. The average postoperative hospital stay was 4.3 days. Conclusion: For the severe ischemic disease of the lower extremities, interventional therapy is more effective than surgical treatment, with fewer complications and faster recovery. Stent implantation combined with balloon therapy does not affect the postoperative blood supply of the affected limb. The initial technical and clinical success rate is very high. It is a safe and effective method for the treatment of severe arterial ischemia disease of the lower extremities.