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Radiation-Induced Dedifferentiated Chondrosarcoma With Orbital Invasion

Purpose: To report 2 interventional cases of dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma with orbital involvement after radiotherapy performed in childhood and to review the literature on chondrosarcoma in the orbit following radiation treatment. Methods: Retrospective analysis of medical records of 2 patients with chondrosarcoma of the orbits with review of the literature. Results: The first patient developed chondrosarcoma of the orbital and maxillary sinus 36 years after external beam radiation therapy to the OS to treat retinoblastoma. The second patient developed a large orbital chondrosarcoma 35 years after external beam radiation therapy in the treatment of craniofacial fibrous dysplasia. Conclusions: These cases highlight the risk of secondary chondrosarcoma in patients following radiotherapy and the importance of lifetime monitoring.