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Models for Fostering Change in Educational Systems: A Comparative Perspective

This paper compares strategies used in the process of planned educational change. Discussion focuses on the post-Sputnik American experience, the approaches used, the failures and the successes. These are related to the Australian experience concentrating on the Schools Commission's Innovations Program, its distinctions, problems and potential. It is argued that for any program in planned educational change to be successful, policy makers must give attention to the reality that both personal needs and organizational requirements equally affect the process and must be catered for. This means that political and structural protection for innovation must be built in advance into any program attempting change in education.