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Summaries of Doctoral Dissertations

This is a sociological study, both theoretical and empirical, of individual attitudes regarding the relationship between religious commitment and nationalistic loyalty. Because the study focuses on the impact of modernization upon these attitudes, the findings are relevant to both secularization and civil religion theories. Merton's localismcosmopolitanism is utilized as a measure of individual modernization, the study's major independent variable. The first four chapters of the dissertation introduce the research problem and review selected sociological theories of modernization, nationalism as a religion, religious commitment and secularization. It is argued that Parsons' and Bellah's theories concerning the impact of social structural differentiation upon individual religious commitment are more plausible than the theories of Luckmann and Berger. In the last three chapters the research hypotheses are developed, the methods and results of an attitude survey among mid-western Presbyterians are presented, and conclusions are drawn regarding the study's implications for secularization and civil religion theories. Four types of interrelations between religious commitment and nationalistic loyalty are developed and tested. It is proposed that the types are conceptually equivalent to (1) Bellah's type of civil religion, (2) a critical differentiation between religion and nationalism, (3) Herberg's type of civil religion, and (4) Luckmann's and Berger's privatistic type. Since the survey results show that types 1 and 2, but not 3 and 4, are positively correlated with individual modernization, it is concluded that the research provides greater support for the relevant theories of Parsons and Bellah than for those of Luckmann and Berger.