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Mathematical modeling of vacuum breakdowns

The paper deals with computer simulation of the processes in the near-cathode regions for the cases of small gaps between the electrodes, when the phenomenon of the explosive emission of electrons (EEE) takes place. The dynamics of the cathode micro-inhomogeneities destruction, the formation of microplasma, the evolution of electrical fields in the inter-electrode gap and current densities within the cathode microtip and plasma torch during vacuum breakdown are investigated in detail.