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Antibacterial activity and antibacterial mechanism of ethanol extracts of Lentinula edodes (Shiitake) and Agaricus bisporus (button mushroom)

ABSTRACT The aim of the present work was the comparison of antimicrobial activity, mechanism and components of the ethanol extract (EE) from Lentinula edodes Berk (Pegler) and Agaricus bisporus Sing (Lange). The main component of EE of A. bisporus was dianhydromannitol (20.1%), while isosorbide/dianhydromannitol (21.8%) was detected at a high rate in L. edodes ethanol extract by GC-MS . The common phenolic acids were determined as chlorogenic acid, syringic acid, rutin, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, 2-hydroxy cinnamic acid, protocatechuic acid, abscisic acid, and trans-cinnamic acid in both mushroom extract by HPLC-MWD . The MICs (minimum inhibitory concentration) of L. edodes EE on Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis and Acinetobacter baumannii were between 5.1 mg ml−1 and 6.01 mg ml−1, while MICs of A. bisporus EE on the pathogens were between 5.8 mg ml−1 and 9.54 mg ml−1. The highest DRA decrease was in E. faecalis (69.1%) for L. edodes and S. aureus (71.0%) for A. bisporus in the 20th minute. As a result, L. edodes and A. bisporus have a similar antibacterial effect on the pathogens, and this inhibition effect caused DNA, protein leakage and destruction of permeability of bacterial cell membrane by bioactive molecules in mushroom extract.