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The efficacy of eugenol and tricaine methanesulphonate as anaesthetics for juvenile Chinese sea bass (Lateolabrax maculatus) during simulated transport

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the anaesthesia effects of eugenol and MS‐222 sedatives applied on juvenile Lateolabrax maculatus during simulated transport. In experiment 1, the juveniles were divided into two groups, with seven concentrations tested on each group (eugenol [4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14 and 16 mg/L] and MS‐222 [20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70 and 80 mg/L]). Induction and recovery times were recorded. The time for anaesthesia was shortened, and the time for complete recovery was prolonged as the anaesthetic concentration increased. The optimal transport concentration for each anaesthetic tested was 6 mg/L of eugenol and 30 mg/L for MS‐222. In experiment 2, the 5‐hr simulated transport test showed that the survival rate of L. maculatus juveniles with anaesthesia was 100%, and without anaesthesia, survival was 60%. After 24 hr of recovery following transport, the fish showed 100% survival for the group with added anaesthetic and 40% for the group without added anaesthetic. Compared to the non‐anaesthetized groups, the anaesthetized transport groups showed significant increases in the levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (p < 0.05). The levels of AST, ALT and alkaline phosphatase (AKP) were significantly higher in the MS‐222 transport group than in the eugenol transport group (p < 0.05). The levels of AKP were significantly higher in the non‐anaesthetized transport group than in the anaesthetized group (p < 0.05). According to the present experiment results, eugenol was an efficient anaesthetic in L. maculatus, and we recommend eugenol instead of MS‐222 as an anaesthetic for the short‐time transport of L. maculatus.