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In vivo metabolic profiling of glioma‐initiating cells using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy at 14.1 Tesla

In the last decade, evidence has emerged indicating that the growth of a vast majority of tumors including gliomas is sustained by a subpopulation of cancer cells with stem cell properties called cancer initiating cells. These cells are able to initiate and propagate tumors and constitute only a fraction of all tumor cells. In the present study, we showed that intracerebral injection of cultured glioma‐initiating cells into nude mice produced fast growing tumors showing necrosis and gadolinium enhancement in MR images, whereas gliomas produced by injecting freshly purified glioma‐initiating cells grew slowly and showed no necrosis and very little gadolinium enhancement. Using proton localized spectroscopy at 14.1 Tesla, decreasing trends of N‐acetylaspartate, glutamate and glucose concentrations and an increasing trend of glycine concentration were observed near the injection site after injecting cultured glioma‐initiating cells. In contrast to the spectra of tumors grown from fresh cells, those from cultured cells showed intense peaks of lipids, increased absolute concentrations of glycine and choline‐containing compounds, and decreased concentrations of glutamine, taurine and total creatine, when compared with a contralateral non‐tumor‐bearing brain tissue. A decrease in concentrations of N‐acetylaspartate and γ‐aminobutyrate was found in both tumor phenotypes after solid tumor formation. Further investigation is needed to determine the cause of the dissimilarities between the tumors grown from cultured glioma‐initiating cells and those from freshly purified glioma‐initiating cells, both derived from human glioblastomas. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.