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Rheumatic heart disease: A neglected public health priority

The epidemiological association of acute rheumatic fever (ARF) and rheumatic heart disease (RHD) with Group A streptococcal (GAS) sore throat was established in the first half of the last century.[1,2] In 1954, the World Health Organization (WHO) had formulated guidelines for the prevention and control of RHD.[3,4] However, RHD still continues to be a significant cause of preventable Cardiovascular Disease morbidity and mortality among children (5–14 years) and young adults (15–24 years).