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Interfacial design in metal halide perovskites

Perovskite solar cells promise to yield efficiencies beyond 30% by improving the quality of the materials and devices. Electronic defect passivation and suppression of detrimental charge-carrier recombination has been used as a strategy to achieve high performance perovskite solar cells. This strategy often relies on interlayers that may also hinder carrier transfer across interfaces. In addition to interfacial charge transport, very little is known about the role of crystallographic structure on charge carrier transport through the bulk of the material.
In this presentation, I will discuss how different crystallographic phases of the perovskite affect charge carrier transport. Interfacial transport across interfaces will be further studied to understand whether crystalline structures or amorphous phases are able to efficiently allow transport out the device. Synchrotron-based characterization techniques, such as grazing incidence x-ray spectroscopy and x-ray fluorescence will be used to understand the structural and chemical composition of the films, whereas intensity-modulated photocurrent spectroscopy will be used to understand transport processes in the devices. We show that the orthorhombic phase of the methylammonium lead iodide perovskite forms along with the tetragonal phase and hinders carrier transport and thus short circuit currents. We also show that the crystal structure of the 2D perovskite used as an interlayer in the perovskite solar cell is crucial to efficient charge extraction.