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Initiation of asymmetrical ovarian estradiol secretion in the primate ovarian cycle after luteectomy.

We investigated the onset of asymmetrical ovarian function in rhesus monkeys after luteectomy, a procedure that has been shown to synchronize the initiation of new follicle growth. Monkeys underwent laparotomy for luteectomy 17–19 days after the spontaneous onset of menses. Subsequent laparotomy for ovarian inspection and ovarian venous blood collection was performed on days 1, 3, or 5 after luteectomy and on day 16 to determine the location of the new corpus luteum. Femoral blood was collected daily beginning 8 days after the onset of menses for the measurement of hormones. Luteectomy was followed by an abrupt decline in serum progesterone levels, the early onset of menses, and a prompt transient rise in FSH concentrations in all monkeys. The patterns of LH, FSH, 17β- estradiol, and progesterone in peripheral blood of monkeys that maintained ovulatory cycles, as indicated by midcycle type preovulatory gonadotropin surges 12.3 ±2.1 days after luteectomy, contained elevations of serum progesterone and an i...