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Direct evidence for the Nd magnetic ordering in NdMnO3 from the hyperfine field splitting of Nd nuclear levels

We investigated the low energy excitations in NdMnO3 in the µeV range by a backscattering neutron spectrometer. The energy spectra on polycrystalline NdMnO3 samples revealed inelastic peaks at E = 2.15 ± 0.01 µeV at T = 2 K on both energy gain and energy loss sides. The inelastic peaks move gradually towards lower energy with increasing temperature and tend to merge with the elastic peak at the electronic magnetic ordering temperature of Nd, TNd≈20 K. However, at temperatures higher than TNd≈20 K the energy of the inelastic peak decreases at a much slower rate and remains finite up to T = 55 K, the highest temperature investigated. We interpret the inelastic peaks to be due to the transition between the hyperfine-split nuclear level of the 143Nd and 145Nd isotopes with spin I = 7/2 caused by the magnetic ordering of Nd electronic moment below TNd≈20 K. We ascribe the finite energy of the inelastic peak and its much smaller temperature dependence at T>20 K to be due to the polarization of the Nd magnetic moment by the field of Mn moments that order below TN≈78 K.