{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.023383768913342505, 'fraction_numerical': 0.02200825309491059, 'mean_word_length': 4.961748633879782, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
Resolution of metabolic columns by a double-label 2-DG technique: interdigitation and coincidence in visual cortical areas of the same monkey

A double-label modification of the 2-deoxyglucose (DG) technique uses both 3H-2-DG and 14C-2-DG and allows for metabolic activity engaged by 2 distinct experimental conditions to be dissociated throughout the brain of a single subject. In the present study, we used this double- label method to examine the relationship between metabolic columns subserving the 2 eyes in cortical visual areas V1 and V2. The left and right eye's ocular dominance columns were separately activated in the same monkey to demonstrate that the double-label 2-DG method can resolve metabolic differences at the level of the cortical column. In 2 monkeys, 14C-2-DG was injected first and one eye was occluded while the other eye was visually stimulated for 30 min. Then 3H-2-DG was injected, and the occluder was switched so that the alternate eye was stimulated with the same pattern for 30 min. Autoradiographs depicting the 2 labels separately were obtained by exploiting the differential sensitivity of X-ray film and Ultrofilm to 3H and 14C emissions and by applying a radioactivity-subtraction algorithm to pairs of digitized images of the same section (Friedman et al., 1987). Columnar regions of increased activity were evident throughout V1, excepting the representations of the optic disk and monocular crescent. Superimposition of the 3H and 14C images from the same sections demonstrated that columns of increased 3H label were interdigitated with columns of increased 14C label in V1. In contrast, bands of increased 3H-2-DG uptake in extrastriate area V2 were largely coincident with the bands of increased 14C-2-DG uptake. These results illustrate the value of the double-label 2-DG technique for studying fluctuations of metabolic activity under different experimental conditions in the same subject. In the present example, the demonstration that ocular dominance columns are interdigitated in V1, whereas metabolically active bands are coincident in V2, would not have been fully appreciated by comparing 2-DG labeling across separate animals.