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A Survey of Knowledge Acquisition from Natural Language 1

In this survey, consideration is given to KA from Natural Language (NL), in other words, the acquisition of knowledge from some (spoken or written) source expressed in an everyday human language this would encompass approaches to KA such as interrogating human experts and reading textbooks. This might be contrasted to an approach such as asking experts to express their knowledge ‘directly’ in some formal (and non-natural) manner – say, by writing down a set of rules or to an approach such as machine-learning knowledge from a set of examples of the expert’s behaviour, in which the knowledge is expressed indirectly through these examples.