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Transmission of Citrus Leprosis Disease (CL) — A Review

I I ABSTRACT. Citrus leprosis disease is transmitted in Brazil by the mite, Breuipalpus phoenicis, with symptoms appearing 20 or more days after transmission. Other species of Brevipalpus have been associated with the disease in Argentina, Venezuela and the United States. Larvae (immature stages) of B. phoenicis are more efficient vectors than adults. Graft transmission has been achieved by inserting diseased leaf and stem pieces into the stems of young, healthy citrus seedlings. Mechanical transmission from citrus to citrus and to some herbaceous plants (Chenopodium amaranticolor, C. quinoa, Gomphrena globosa) has recently been obtained in which all developed only local lesions. Systemic transmission was never observed in the field or in the experiments. These transmission experiments, together with evidence of rhabdovirus-like particles in infected tissue, eliminate the possibility that leprosis is caused by mite salivary toxins.