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Clinical features of acute ischemic stroke in moderately and severely ill patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)

Introduction and Aim: Although coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) causes respiratory illness, it can even develop hypercoagulation and thrombotic complications. The main objective is to study the clinical features of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) with COVID-19 in moderately and severely ill patients. 
  
Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis of thirty-four (34) patients who were infected with COVID-19 and even diagnosed with AIS in September 2020 was assessed. The main clinical and neurological characteristics of stroke, the results of clinical, laboratory, biochemical, coagulation, lipid metabolism, and clinical examination studies of COVID-19 were assessed. 
  
Results: The stroke severity, severity of brain damage, and degree of disability were reported more in the severely ill patients than in the moderately ill patients (p < 0.001, p = 0.002, and p = 0.7). Data from clinical-laboratory and biochemical parameters in moderately and severely ill patients showed that a more significant parameters are C-reactive protein (0.93 ± 0.03) and (5.79 ± 0.1); D-dimer (0.39 ± 0.11) and (0.76 ± 0.14); leukocytes (4.2 ± 1.69) and (3.6 ± 1.32), respectively (p < 0.001) and slightly altered values for fasting blood glucose levels (8.61 ± 2.41) and (7.21 ± 3.15). After clinical and pathomorphological analysis, acute respiratory distress syndrome signs were observed only in severely ill patients in 14 (41.1%). 
  
Conclusion: Among all the parameters characterizing clinical-laboratory and biochemical differences, inflammatory and infectious markers, and fasting glucose were higher. In moderately and severely ill patients with AIS and COVID-19 has a significantly favorable outcome with a longer hospital stay.