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When you hear the whistle blow.

Contrary to the common belief that corruption takes place only in health systems of the under-developed and transitional countries, the report of Transparency International shows that health systems all over the world are susceptible to corruption – private and state ones, rich and poor ones, technically most sophisticated and most primitive ones (1). Only in the USA, financial frauds and misuses in hospitals cost the state between $12 billion and $23 billion (2). 
 
Although corrupted physicians are an ever-present topic in the media in transitional and under-developed countries, amounts in question here are fairly small (usually from a company pencil to several thousand euro), in comparison to the millions mentioned Transparency International report (3,4). The following rule best describes corruption among the “white collars:” the higher the position of participants, the smaller surveillance over them, and the greater the sum of money involved.