{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.02893436838390967, 'fraction_numerical': 0.02328863796753705, 'mean_word_length': 5.165217391304348, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
Enhancement of the transcription potential of nascent chromatin by chromosomal proteins HMG-14/-17 is coupled to nucleosome assembly and not DNA synthesis.

We have previously demonstrated that in Xenopus egg extracts, which support DNA strand synthesis and chromatin assembly, incorporation of chromosomal proteins HMG-14/-17 into nascent nucleosomes increases the transcriptional potential of a chromatin template carrying the Xenopus 5S RNA gene. Here we use the single-stranded and double-stranded forms of a plasmid carrying a 5S RNA maxigene, to test whether the effect of HMG-14/-17 on transcription requires DNA synthesis and whether these proteins will affect transcription through a region containing nucleosomes. We find that most of the transcripts were about 350 nucleotides long, suggesting that HMG-14/-17 enhance transcription through a region that could contain nucleosomes. HMG-14/-17 enhance transcription of chromatin templates assembled onto double-stranded DNA, in the absence of DNA synthesis. Single-round transcription assays suggest that HMG-14/-17 increase transcription from templates assembled onto both single- and double-stranded DNA by increasing the specific activity, and not the number, of transcriptionally active templates. We conclude that the effect of HMG-14/-17 on the transcriptional potential of chromatin is linked to nucleosome assembly and is not linked to DNA synthesis.