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Patient education interventions for health behaviour change in adults diagnosed with coronary heart disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis


 
 
 Type of funding sources: None.
 
 
 
 Patient education is recommended to increase disease-related knowledge and modify coronary heart disease (CHD) risk factors. Although the importance has been established, there is a lack of knowledge of its efficacy and relative impact of duration on disease-related knowledge and health behaviour outcomes.
 
 
 
 It aimed to assess the efficacy of structured patient education on those outcomes in adults with CHD for short-term (less than six months) and long-term (six to 12 months) effect.
 
 
 
 Eligible randomised controlled trials published in English, Simplified Chinese, Spanish, and Portuguese were searched in seven electronic databases from database inception through 2020. Reference lists, relevant conference lists, and keywords from the Internet were also searched. Outcomes included disease-related knowledge, smoking cessation, medication adherence, physical activity, and healthy dietary behaviour.
 
 
 
 Overall, 73 studies reporting 71 unique trials were included. Participants (n = 24,985) were aged mean 60.5 ± 5.7 years, mostly male (72.5%). About 74% of studies used more than one mode for education delivery, with phone calls and booklets being used the most frequent. Patient education was associated with significant improvement in all outcomes measured in meta-analyses (P < 0.05). In addition, regression analyses showed that a prolonged intervention duration does not significantly improve the outcomes, except for the disease knowledge (p = 0.009) and physical activity (p = 0.026).
 
 
 
 Structured patient education, in a variety of modes and intensities, improves disease-related knowledge and health behaviours in adults with CHD. The findings can be used to guide design of cardiac programs, particularly related to intervention duration in clinical practice.
 Abstract Figure 1. PRISMA flow diagram
