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What is the outcome of mother and child after percutaneous mitral valvuloplasty performed during pregnancy?

Rheumatic heart failure is responsible for most of the cardiac complications during pregnancy. Mitral valve stenosis is nearly always of rheumatic origin and is the most common (90%) and important cardiac valvular problem during pregnancy1. The pressure gradient across the narrowed mitral valve may increase greatly during pregnancy because of the physiologic increase in heart rate (decreasing left ventricular diastolic filling time) and cardiac output. Mortality among pregnant women with severe disease can reach 5% and labour, delivery and the immediate puerperium appear to be the periods most at risk. In patients with persistent symptoms despite optimal medical therapy invasive treatment should therefore be considered. Percutaneous mitral valvuloplasty (PMV) has been shown to be a successful and safe procedure during pregnancy in experienced centres, and has become the first-choice interventional treatment if anatomically suitable valves are present resulting in a significant reduction in foetal and neonatal mortality. However, little is known about long-term follow-up results after PMV of pregnant women and cardiac catheterisation in the pregnant patient carries the risk of foetal radiation exposure. The long-term effects of radiation on the development of the babies remains a concern.