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INVESTIGATION ON THE ECOLOGY AND RESPIRATORY RESPONSES OF THE HEMICHORDATE PTYCHODERA FLAVA TO TIDAL CYCLES AND SALINITY CHANGES.

1. Some aspects of the ecology and respiratory physiology of Ptychodera flava have been studied. 2. Increase in body weight involves a decrease in the rate of oxygen consumption. At high tides, the rates of oxygen uptake of nonbreeding P. flava are 0.7629 (smallest) and 0.3363 (largest) in ml/g/hr. At high tides, mature and spawning female rates are 6.732 (smallest) and 0.8877 (largest) ml/g/hr. Rate of oxygen uptake is a function both of body size and of maturity stage in P. flava. 3. Respiratory responses of 15 specimens of P. flava fell into three classes: 1, showing a rhythm synchronized with tidal phases; 2, showing a tidal rhythm with additional peaks during low tides; or 3, with no detectable rhythm. 4. P. flava reacts to lowered salinity by showing a sudden rise in respiration. The sustained level of respiration is subsequently a little higher than in normal sea water. 5. The deep-seated tidal rhythm shows variations, and it is suggested that locomotor activity, spawning, temperature, and salinity may all be factors involved.