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International Arbitration: The New Frontier of Business and Human Rights Dispute Resolution?

The question of redress for corporate human rights violations remains daunting. Access to justice challenges faced by rights holders before domestic courts have placed this issue at the forefront of international discourse, and many initiatives have attempted to improve rights holders’ access to effective remedies. This article examines one such initiative, namely international arbitration. The article focuses on the use of international arbitration in the business and human rights context pursuant to the 2013 Accord on Fire and Building Safety in Bangladesh and the recently launched Hague Rules on Business and Human Rights Arbitration. It evaluates the extent to which these developments may alleviate lingering concerns surrounding the use of international arbitration in the business and human rights context. The article concluded that while no single mechanism, including international arbitration, can guarantee complete redress for rights holders’ human rights claims, international arbitration may provide a valuable non-judicial alternative that supplements other domestic and international initiatives.