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Tinea capitis outbreak in a paediatric refugee population, Tel Aviv, Israel

Tinea capitis, also known as scalp ringworm, is a condition that affects mainly prepubertal children worldwide and is usually caused by members of the genera Microsporum and Trichophyton (Weitzman I et al., Clin Microbiol Rev 1995; 8: 240–59). Tinea capitis was the major fungal infection in Israel from the beginning of the 20th century until the end of the 1950s. Its predominant agent was T. violaceum and it was endemic with occasional outbreaks until the introduction of griseofulvin in 1958. Following that, a continuous decline in the prevalence of tinea capitis was observed until the introduction of M. canis to Israel in 1975. Since then, M. canis has become the main aetiologic pathogen of tinea capitis in Israel (Evron R et al., Mycopathologia 1985; 90: 113–20). During 2009, an outbreak of tinea capitis occurred among children from the African refugee community of Tel Aviv city.