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Modelling and Energy Management of Parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicle with Air Conditioning System

This paper considers the energy management of a parallel hybrid vehicle equipped with an engine- driven air conditioning system, which is typically the ancillary system with the greatest fuel consumption in passenger cars. We develop a detailed thermal model of the cabin and A/C system, and suggest an Equivalent Consumption Minimization Strategy that incorporates the torque demand from the A/C. The benefits of the proposed scheme are demonstrated in simulations, which indicate that fuel savings of up to 2.5% are possible by considering the air conditioning system in the energy management scheme.