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Microbiota and polycystic ovaries

Ovarian Dysfunction
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common hormonal disorder that mainly affects women of reproductive age. It results in small ovarian cysts that can affect fertility, as well as metabolic conditions such as insulin resistance and obesity. Finding an increased presence of the bacterium Bacteroides vulgatus in PCOS patients, Qi et al. report a link between the gut microbiome and PCOS. Enhanced abundance of B. vulgatus was associated with alterations in gut bile acid metabolites, which up-regulated interleukin-22 (IL-22) expression via TGR5-GATA3 signaling. Therapeutic administration of IL-22 perturbed browning of adipose tissue and improved insulin sensitivity and ovarian function in mouse models.

Nat. Med. 25 , 1225 (2019).