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Two-dimensional silicon grooves for altitudinal alignment in fiber end-butt coupling.

We report a practical approach to the fine altitudinal alignment between single-mode optical fibers and channel waveguides, or between optical fibers with slightly different radii, wherein the preferentially etched silicon-fiber-alignment approach has been modified to have two-dimensional silicon grooves of different depths. The altitudinal alignment is achieved by pulling a tapered alignment fiber through the deep groove. This tapered alignment fiber is in contact with the signal fiber and raises or lowers it, depending on the diameter of the tapered fiber at the point of contact.