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A longitudinal framework for fostering critical thinking and diagnostic reasoning.

Nurses' reasoning skills are of interest to nurse researchers, managers, clinicians, educators and students. Recent emphasis on critical thinking has raised important questions regarding the modes of reasoning necessary for practice and appropriate measures to improve nurses' cognitive skills. This paper analyses critical thinking and diagnostic reasoning. A longitudinal framework for promoting both modes of reasoning, beginning with nursing students through to experienced clinicians, is proposed as a model worth testing in nurse samples.