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On the economic motivation for conflict in Africa

Conflict is not a new phenomenon in Africa. From the 1970s to the 1990s Africa has seen many civil wars and coups d'etat, but the last ten years or so have seen a disturbing escalation in the violence, which increasingly crosses borders. Conflicts are a complex phenomenon, but one feature does stand out: economic factors play a large role in determining the actions of actual and potential belligerents. In particular, contests over natural resource wealth are prevalent. War provides economic and political opportunities that cannot be achieved during peace. Consequently, belligerents may prefer periods of low-intensity conflict to either total war or peace.