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Clinical features and hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotypes in pregnant women chronically infected with HBV.

OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to clarify the clinical features and hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotypes in pregnant women chronically infected with HBV.


METHODS
Among 1,489 pregnant women who visited our hospital in 2010, 26 were positive for hepatitis B surface antigens (HBsAg). Of these subjects, 21 from whom informed consent was obtained were included in this study. The clinical features and HBV markers, including genotypes, were investigated.


RESULTS
No adverse events were observed in the subjects or the neonates during pregnancy or the perinatal period. The HBV genotypes were C in 14 cases, D in six cases, and undetermined in one case. Hepatitis B e antigens and a high viral load (>7.0 log copies/mL) were found in four and six subjects with genotype C, respectively, and in none of subjects with genotype D. The alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels and platelet counts were within the normal ranges during pregnancy in all subjects except two and three subjects with genotype C, respectively. Three subjects with genotype C showed transient elevations of ALT after delivery.


CONCLUSION
The majority of subjects were anti-HBe-positive with normal ALT levels; however, some subjects with genotype C showed a high viral load, elevated ALT levels and/or low platelet counts. The pregnancies and deliveries were safe; however, transient elevations of ALT after delivery were observed in some subjects with genotype C.