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Neurosteroidogenesis in Oligodendrocytes and Purkinje Neurones of Cerebellar Cortex of Dogs

The cerebellum is a steroidogenic organ that expresses steroidogenic enzymes and produces neurosteroids. Purkinje neurones appear to be the most active steroidogenic cells in the cerebellar cortex. These neurones express 3β‐hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β‐HSD), P450 side‐chain cleavage (P450scc), 17α‐hydroxylase/c17, 20lyase (P450c17), P450 aromatase (P450arom) and produce pregnenolone, progesterone, dehydroepiandrosterone, androstenedion, oestradion and oestrone. Oligodendrocytes are predominantly the producer of myeline protein. The oligodendrocytes were identified by immunohistochemistry using a monoclonal antibody against myeline 2′, 3′‐cyclic nucleotide 3′‐phosphodiesterase (CNPase), a myeline specific enzyme. In this study we have examined the distribution of 3β‐HSD and CNPase by immunohistochemistry using monoclonal antibody in canine cerebellar cortex. The localization of oligodendrocytes within the cerebellar cortex was determined to be close to Purkinje neurones. This result suggests that endogenous progesterone synthesized de novo in the Purkinje neurone can promote myeline protein synthesis in oligodentrocytes.