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Fabrication of Fluorapatite Nanocrystal-Activated Carbon Composite by the Atmospheric Pressure Plasma-Assisted Flux Method

Atmospheric-pressure-plasma is an effective energy source for fabricating inorganic nanocrystal–carbon composite materials in an extremely short time. In this study, nanosized fluorapatite [Ca5F(PO4)3, FAp] crystals, which are a useful adsorbent for removing metal ion contaminants from water, were directly fabricated on the surface of activated carbon (AC) using an atmospheric-pressure-plasma-jet with a high energetic density by coupling with the flux method. First, carbonyl and carboxyl groups, nucleation site, were introduced onto the surface of AC by heat treatment with KNO3 powder. Next, FAp crystals were grown on the treated AC using N2 gas-based atmospheric-pressure-plasma-jet with KNO3–LiNO3 flux whose eutectic point is 125 °C. Within 10 s, nanoscale FAp crystals with rod-like shapes were obtained, although the crystals obtained without flux were of indefinite shape. Here, we demonstrated the synergetic effect of plasma and flux, which provide high-density thermal energy and which can exist as a so...