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Genetic control of susceptibility to severe hyperglycaemia evoked by CFA/SZ-induced immune response against beta cells in various rat strains.

A novel approach has previously been reported to induce an insulin-dependent (type 1) diabetes mellitus in Wistar and Lewis rats by subdiabetogenic dose of the beta cell toxic agent streptozotocin injected i.p. 24 h after a polyclonal activator of lymphocytes, the complete Freund's adjuvant, was administered. The results from a comparative study in Wistar rats and congenic Lewis rats of the haplotype RT1a and RT1u demonstrate that both the genetic background and genes linked to the major histocompatibility complex are probably involved in the genetic control of susceptibility to the induction of hyperglycaemia in this experimental diabetes model. The susceptibility to hyperglycaemia was strongly associated to the non-specific activation of the immune system by administration of complete Freund's adjuvant only. From these data it is suggested that the genetic control of diabetes induction in this animal model is caused by genetic control of the immune/autoimmune reactivity involved in the mechanisms of beta cell destruction.