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Reproduction by Design: Sex, Robots, Trees, and Test-Tube Babies in Interwar Britain by Angus McLaren (review)

Iranian women would be considered complete without a mention to veiling” (147). Galvanized by the empowerment of education and by a new perspective on their role as “reproductive instruments”, Iranian women strove towards suffrage. In Chapter 8, “From Mothers to Voters. Suffrage, Literacy, and Family Dynamics,” Kashani-Sabet casts women’s march to obtain the right to vote on a background of crucial political events that took place in mid-twentieth-century Iran and the rising tension between religion and secularism. She maintains that both women’s suffrage and the Family Protection Law deeply divided the country while threatening patriarchy (184). Chapter 9, “Managing Birth. Family Planning and Health Care, shows the contradictions between the emancipatory goals reached by women and the unrelenting pressure of patriarchy. The denial of women’s rights about sexuality, equal representation and participation in civil and political life was bound to explode under the Islamic Republic. Chapter 10, “Civil Liberties, Civil Wombs. Women in the Islamic Republic,” briefly addresses how maternalism, with an Islamic hint, has been trying to control women also by reshaping the state policies on reproduction. The book is well documented, well written, and though it will be of significant interest to specialists in Iranian women’s history, it is also recommendable to scholars of modern and contemporary Iranian society and to students of gender and sexuality in the Middle East.