{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.017424242424242425, 'fraction_numerical': 0.0030303030303030303, 'mean_word_length': 5.1157407407407405, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
Self Psychology and the Group Process

IN the last few years through my day-by-day work in psychoanalysis and psychoanalytic psychotherapy I have had the opportunity to verify how Heinz Kohut’s Self psychology makes possible a deep understanding and an effective treatment of a common type of .difficult clinical case. These patients suffer from a structural deficit (or, better, developmental arrest) of their personality, which Kohut aptly conceives as a deficit or a primary disorder of the Self, and which is the ultimate consequence of a faulty interaction between the child and his caretakers (according to Kohut’s conceptualization, between the child and his self objects). Before my encounter with Self psychology, the results I obtained in individual psychoanalysis or psychoanalytic psychotherapy with a significant number of patients were rather disappointing. I see now that my therapeutic failures or stalemates were due to the limitations of my classic theoretical approach. I tried to improve the therapeutic power of my work by the rigorous application of the particular form of psychoanalytic therapy of the small group developed in the 1940s by S. H. Foulkes. This required an irksome but fascinating training in addition to that which I had already received at the Institute of Psychoanalysis in Rome.