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A role for the prefrontal cortex in exercise tolerance and termination.

The involvement of the brain in exercise regulation is not a particularly new concept and the fact the motor cortex (MC) is not activated maximally at exhaustion is suggestive that there are pathways upstream of the MC (10), regulating exercise and effectuating termination. Several papers have now addressed the areas of the cortex that are activated during the control of voluntary movement (23) and postulated how areas of the brain may be involved in exercise termination (20, 26, 27). However, the neural pathways for volitional control of movement and their interaction with psychological factors has yet to be established (27).The aim of this viewpoint is not to describe all regions of the brain activated during exercise regulation, but to highlight how the PFC is involved in the process. We propose a model which describes how the PFC acts as a control structure by integrating information produced during exercise, both centrally and peripherally, exerting a top down effect.