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The Development of Otto's Thought 1898–1917: From Luther's View of the Holy Spirit to the Holy

The purpose of this paper is to outline the developments in the thinking of Rudolf Otto, as far as possible through his theology, philosophy, psychology and phenomenology. The fact that Otto's interests took him into so many fields at once suggests serious breaks and inconsistencies in his work. This paper, however, will argue for a consistency in his thought and development. To achieve this requires an appreciation of the close connection he felt to exist between his philosophy and psychology, the theoretical and the empirical. We know that Otto was strongly influenced by the philosophy of J. Fr. Fries. Yet it is by no means necessary to agree either with Fries or with what Otto made of Fries' system in order to trace continuity. We simply need to understand Otto's development in the context of the time.