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Specifying Process Coordination Using Little-JIL

This paper presents Little-JIL, a new language for programming agent coordination. Little-JIL is an executable, highlevel process language with a formal (yet graphical) syntax and rigorously defined operational semantics. The central abstraction in Little-JIL is the “step.” Little-JIL steps serve as focus for other coordinationsupporting features and provide a scoping mechanism for control, data, and exception flow and for agent and resource assignment. Steps can be composed hierarchically, but Little-JIL processes can have highly dynamic structures and include recursion and concurrency. Little-JIL is based on two main hypotheses. The first is that processes are executed by agents who know how to perform their tasks but who can benefit from coordination support. Accordingly, each step in Little-JIL is assigned to an execution agent (human or automated); agents are responsible for initiating steps and performing the work associated with them. The second hypothesis is that the specification of coordination control structures is a separable issue. In this regard Little-JIL provides a rich set of control features; however, it relies on separate systems for support in areas such as resource, object, and agenda management. This approach has so far proven effective in allowing us to clearly and concisely express the agent coordination aspects of a wide variety of software and workflow processes.