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Preparation of PbCO3–CuO nanoparticles and catalytic performance on NC/NG and NC/NG/NQ propellants

ABSTRACT This study demonstrates a direct, high-yield, and inexpensive route for preparation of nearly spherical PbCO3–CuO nanoparticles (NPs) through mechanical ball milling method. The NPs were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared, scanning electron microscopy, EDS, and dynamic light scattering techniques. Catalytic decomposition effects of PbCO3–CuO NPs and PbCO3/CuO raw material mixture on nitrocotton (NC)/nitroglycerin (NG) propellant were studied by DSC analysis. Then, the combustion properties of NC/NG and nitroguanidine (NQ)/NC/NG propellants with above catalysts were researched. The results showed that the NPs exhibited good catalytic effect on both propellants. By adding 1.5% NPs in mass, decomposition temperature of NC/NG decreased by 29.35°C, and the heat of decomposition increased by 606 J g−1. PbCO3–CuO NPs used as burning catalyst of above propellants can increase the burning rate, decrease the pressure exponent and form good “plateau” effect at 4–12 MPa. And the NPs showed better comprehensive catalytic performance than the PbCO3/CuO mixture. Thus, PbCO3–CuO NPs could be a promising addictive in modifying burning behaviors of solid propellants with double base component.