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Glycogen—a covalently linked component of the cell wall in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Glycogen in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is present in two pools, one soluble and intracellular, the other present in the cell wall and rendered water‐insoluble owing to its covalent linkage to cell wall β‐glucan. The insoluble glycogen fraction was solubilized using β‐1,3‐glucanase. The αβ‐glucan complex obtained showed intense red staining with iodine and was isolated from free β‐glucans by affinity chromatography using concanavalin A sepharose 4B. Further use of molecular sieving has confirmed that glycogen is linked to β‐glucan as the non‐retained fraction on Biogel P2 split into two peaks on treatment with amyloglucosidase. Partial acid hydrolysis and subsequent paper chromatography of the αβ‐glucan complex isolated revealed the presence of gentiobiose and other higher oligosaccharides, indicating that glycogen is linked to β‐1,3‐glucan through a β‐1,6 branch. The insoluble glycogen can be extracted in a soluble form by acetic acid treatment and is known as acid‐soluble glycogen. The presence of glycogen in the cell wall is confirmed by controlled enzymatic release of αβ‐glucan complex using lyticase from Arthobacter luteus without disruption of the plasma membrane, as can be visualized using electron microscopy. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.