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Antimicrobial Activity of Five Yemeni Medicinal Plants against Selected Human Pathogenic Bacteria and Fungi

Background: The emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance, as well as the 
evolution of new strains of disease causing agents, are of great concern to the 
global health community. Nowadays, reports have indicated that many of healthcare-associated, 
antimicrobial-resistant bacteria are not only multidrug resistant pathogens but also broadly 
drug-resistant and pandrug-resistant bacteria. Objective: This study is focused on exploring the antimicrobial 
properties of five different plants that are commonly being used as traditional medicines in Yemen against Gram positive, Gram negative bacteria and fungi. Methods: The antimicrobial potential of five different plant extracts was 
screened against selected human pathogenic 
bacteria and fungi. Methanolic extracts of Dodonaea viscose, Plantago lanceolata, Withania samnifera, Pulicaria crispa, and Rumex nervosus were 
subjected to a test of their antimicrobial properties by Modified Agar 
Diffusion and Minimum 
Inhibitory Concentration. Results: The results indicated that all the five plants extract showed antibacterial 
activity against a selected microorganism at a concentration of 60 mg/ml. The highest potential was observed in the extract of W. somnifera against S. taphyloccocus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus miarbilis and Candida albicans with zone of inhibition of 23 mm, 20.7 mm, 20 mm and 25.3 mm, respectively. R. nervosus also showed the highest MIC against test organisms. Only two medicinal plant Pulicaria crispa, and Rumex nervosus extracts 
showed non antifungal activity. Conclusion: The experiment confirmed the efficacy of some 
selected plant extracts as natural antimicrobial and can be potential sources for the synthesis of antibacterial drugs.