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A review on the effect of using rotary hyflex electrical discharge machining endodontic files on the formation of dentinal microcracks in straight root canals

Endodontic therapy is based on cleaning and shaping the canal system till the apex with total obturation of the canal. However, it is not always straightforward. Endodontics specialists face many complicated cases as sever curved canals, calcified canals and canals with previously initiated therapy which require to deal with. dental professionals pay attention to create new methods or to improve the already developed equipment and procedures to facilitate their work. Rotary endodontics files are in the center of attention. nowadays, recent files with extraordinary properties have been revolutionized. The standard Nickel Titanium rotary endodontic files are not always preferred. It cannot serve well in the aforementioned complex cases due to its larger tapers and unique shape memory property. Moreover, these files have led to several dentinal microcracks formation during canal preparation using the flaring instruments. Microcracks are evaluated through the accurately presented sliced images using Micro-Computer Tomography (micro-CT) done before and after root canal preparation. This has led to the invention of new generations of rotary endodontics files, with unique properties improving its behavior during the instrumentation, including Controlled Memory (CM) files and Electrical discharge Machine (EDM) files, opening the door for a new era in the field of endodontics dentistry. The present study aims to review HyFlex EDM files, including their properties, clinical dental usage, and the role of micro-CT in analyzing dentinal micro cracks formed with HyFlex EDM files.