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Desynchronization of Pulsed Driving in the Formation of Soliton Kerr Frequency Combs

The ability to generate coherent and broadband frequency combs corresponding to temporal cavity solitons (CSs) in Kerr nonlinear microresonators has attracted tremendous attention over the past few years [1]. With applications from spectroscopy to telecommunications, these spectral rulers have shown promise in numerous current and potential applications. The majority of studies have focused on resonators driven with continuous wave lasers, but the recent demonstration of CS formation in microresonators driven with short, synchronised optical pulses [2] has spurred interest in pulsed pumping to improve efficiency and control of soliton comb formation. While the basic dynamics of microresonator CSs in the presence of pulsed pumping are understood [3], the impact of numerous higher order effects and potential experimental limitations have yet to be thoroughly explored. Of particular practical interest is the effect of desynchronization between the CS and the pump pulse train, which can be expected to be present in the vast majority of experimental situations. Here, we report on an extensive numerical study of the behaviour of CSs experiencing desynchronization in microresonators driven with optical pulses. We analyze the range of desynchronization that the CSs can tolerate (i.e., locking range), and show that desynchronization can be leveraged to remove multi-soliton states.