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Environmentally friendly dyeing of wool yarns using of combination of bio‐mordants and natural dyes

Today, the issue of reducing industrial pollution has received much attention. The textile industry is of high important throughout the world. However, its by‐product wastewater pollutes the environment. The first approach was the selection of plant‐based dyes (madder and reseda) and the application of tannin‐based mordants (pomegranate peel and myrobalan). The extraction of madder, reseda, and pomegranate peel in water with the ultrasound‐assisted method was done. In this article, pre‐mordanting method was used for mordanting and Cu (copper) and alum were selected as the mineral mordant to compare the results. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy method was employed to analyze the obtained extracts and to investigate the changes in the fibers. The results showed that K/S (color strength) values of the dyed samples increased by increasing the dye concentration. The colorfastness properties of the samples were investigated according the ISO standards.