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Gut Commensal Immunomodulatory Factors: Identification and Structure‐Function Studies

Contribution of commensal microbiota to the host immune maturation gathers significant interests, however, their underlying mechanisms are remained to be investigated. We have focused on Bacteroides fragilis, one of the most ubiquitous residents of human gut. Establishing diverse, high‐sensitivity analysis methodologies, we have identified two commensal immunomodulatory factors, α‐galactosylceramides (BfαGCs) and a lipid anchor of polysaccharide A (PSA).