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Assessment of Endocarditis and Intracardiac Masses by TEE

Echocardiography, especially transesophageal echocardiograpy (TEE), provides excellent direct visualization of cardiac anatomy, enhancing sensitivity for diagnosis and identifying complications. TEE has been demonstrated to be more sensitive than transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) in detecting small vegetations, intracardiac abscesses, and abnormalities of prosthetic valves in patients with IE. When clinical evidence of IE is present, TEE improves the sensitivity of the Duke criteria to diagnose definite IE. The 2003 update to the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association/American Society of Echocardiography Guidelines for the Application of Clinical Echocardiography emphasizes that TEE should be performed whenever the information provided by TTE is inadequate, when the TTE is negative but a high clinical index of suspicion remains, in patients with