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Electrical Connection Between Left Superior and Inferior Pulmonary Veins in a Patient with Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation

Electrical Connection Between Pulmonary Veins. We report the case of a patient with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, who underwent pulmonary vein (PV) electrical isolation from the left atrium (LA). Prior to achieving isolation of the left superior PV (LSPV) from the LA, earlier PV potentials were recorded inside the left inferior PV (LIPV) than LA activity during pacing at the distal LSPV. The LSPV finally was isolated by radiofrequency applications at the ostium of the LIPV. The patient had electrical connection between the LSPV and LIPV, and required radiofrequency ablation of the breakthroughs from the LA to LIPV for complete isolation of the LSPV.