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A systematic approach for the design of ladder based switched current bandpass filter

A systematic approach for the design of Switched Current (SI) ladder filters is described. The specifications of the filter in z-domain are used to obtain continued fraction expansions (CFE). Signal Flow Graphs (SFG) of each row of the expansion is derived and then these SFG are directly transformed into switched current structures (integrators and amplifiers). The SI blocks thus obtained are connected in ladder form to generate the required SI filter circuit. This approach can be used for all filter types. A second order bandpass filter is used to demonstrate the utility of the approach.