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Interaction of oxygen with Au/Ti(0001) surface alloys studied by photoelectron spectroscopy

The interaction of oxygen with gold adsorbed on Ti(0001) was studied by synchrotron radiation photoelectron spectroscopy. Two kinds of surfaces were explored: as-deposited 0.38, 1.16 and 1.85 monolayer (ML) thick Au overlayers on the Ti(0001) surface, and the same samples after thermal treatment, which resulted in the formation of Au–Ti intermetallic surfaces. The Ti 3p core level was strongly affected by reaction with oxygen, while the Au 4f core level showed only minor changes other than a decrease in intensity. The Ti 3p peak was fitted with several components which were identified as Ti atoms in different oxidation states, namely TiO, Ti2O3, TiO2 and Ti–OH. Titanium oxide phase formation is accompanied by Au–Ti bond dissociation and outward diffusion of Ti. The presence of an Au–Ti intermetallic phase on the Ti(0001) surface promotes oxidation of the Ti atoms.