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Application of 670 nm InGaP laser and microcurrent favors the healing of second-degree burns in Wistar rats

The treatment of burn wounds has been a challenge due to their severity and associated multiple complications, and represents a major public health problem. This study investigated the effects of 670 nm InGaP laser irradiation and microcurrent (10 µA) stimulation on the healing of second-degree burns inflicted on the back of Wistar rats. Seventy-two animals were divided into four groups: no treatment (C); animals irradiated with a 670 nm InGaP laser (L); animals receiving microcurrent stimulation (10 µA/3 min) (MC); animals receiving 670 nm InGaP laser therapy and microcurrent stimulation (10 µA/3 min) on alternate days (MCL). Wound samples were collected on days 7, 14 and 21 of treatment for structural and morphometric analysis and for Western blotting to quantify the expression of TGF-β1 and VEGF. The applied alone and alternate of laser and microcurrent reduced the number of inflammatory cells and increased the number of newly formed vessels and fibroblasts, collagen fiber content and fiber reorganization. The two treatments also favorably modified the expression of VEGF and TGF-β1, inducing angiogenesis and decreasing the inflammation time.