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Histopathological and Electron Microscopic Studies of Gills and Opisthonephros of Rohu, Labeo rohita to Acute and Subchronic Aflatoxin B1 Toxicity

Morphological alterations of the gills and opisthonephros of rohu (Labeo rohita) following acute (0, 7.5 and 11.25 mg aflatoxin B1 kg-1 body weight) and subchronic (0, 1.25 and 2.5 mg aflatoxin B1 kg-1 body weight) single intraperitoneal (IP) exposure for a period of 10 and 90 days, respectively, were investigated by means of light and electron microscopy. The 10-days (IP) LD 50 of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in rohu was 12.6 mg•kg-1 of body weight, with a 95% confidence interval of 12.0-13.3 mg•kg-1. Fish exposed to high doses for 10 days revealed toxic changes varying from complete necrosis of gill lamellae to rupture of lamellar tips causing haemorrhages and epithelial cell separation forming edematous space alongwith primary lamellar hyperplasia. Prolonged exposure (90 days) at lower doses resulted in lamellar hyperplasia and fusion accompanied by epithelial cell edema. In opisthonephros of fish in both the trials had degenerative and necrotic changes in tubular epithelium. The interstitium of kidney had focal necrotic nodules in subchronic toxicity groups.