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Application of Fresh and Treated Pig Slurries and a Novel Organic-Mineral Fertilizer in Maize Crop

Lysimeter experiments were carried out during two growing seasons to compare the effect of untreated, digested, codigested, and a novel organic-mineral fertilizer, synthesized with pig slurry by a new-generation technology, on nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) leaching when compared with mineral fertilizer at typical rates for maize (Zea mays L.) production in Mediterranean soil. Relationships between application rates and type of fertilizer on maize crop yield, N uptake, and N and P leaching were investigated to assess the efficacy of these fertilizers in Mediterranean areas. Results showed a positive effect of the use of treated slurries, high N uptake of maize plants, and dry-matter production that was crucial for keeping N leaching loads at minimum. Then, not only in terms of production, but also in terms of N conservation in soil and in environmental water quality, slurries showed a better performance than inorganic or the organic-mineral fertilizer.