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Teaching about sexual violence as part of mass atrocity crimes: Model International Criminal Court non-formal educational program

Introduction Since its launch in 2005, the project Model International Criminal Court (hereafter: MICC) has been pushing boundaries of non-formal education. The topics of crimes against humanity, war crimes and genocide were adapted to a methodology and pedagogy suitable for high school students. This non-formal education project has stood the test of time and has been ongoing for the past sixteen years, also sparking successful spin-off educational programs such as the Model International Criminal Court Western Balkans (MICC WeB). This paper engages with the subject of teaching about sexual violence within the context of educating youth about crimes against humanity, war crimes and genocide through exploring teachers’ and students’ reaction to these topics within the MICC educational program context. Parallel to this, it also explores history teachers’ readiness and (critical pedagogy) ability to use the MICC educational materials related to sexual violence in their history education curricula within the official educational systems in various countries throughout Europe. The first section is dedicated to the exploration of pedagogical approaches that are applied in the MICC and MICC WeB educational programs, as both are a unique blend of (historical) human rights education, transitional justice, civic education and facing history. It is followed by a more detailed introduction to the MICC educational program, covering its origins and contents, as well as subject matter areas. Special attention is given to its spin-off, MICC WeB, with the additional discussion of Western Balkans-specific elements and challenges that arose during the program’s implementation. The descriptive section closes with more information about the “JustNow—A Toolbox for Teaching Human Rights” project (hereafter: JustNow) which was based on producing educational materials for classroom use, inspired by key themes covered in MICC. The topic of sexual violence in times of conflict received special attention as a short