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COMPARATIVE STUDY OF MAJOR DISEASES OF MAJOR SUMMER VEGETABLES AND THEIR MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN SYANGJA, NEPAL

Plant diseases are one of the major factors of crop yield loss during production process. Different disease management methods have been innovated including chemical to biological methods. Different types of cultural methods for the disease control are also evolving. In this study, we found out the different plant diseases occurring in summer vegetables in syangja district and compare the management practices, which are being used by conventional and commercial farmers. For this, farmers were asked questions related to the symptoms of diseases and the management practices which they are using for the control of disease. 72.9% of farmers pointed out disease as the major problem in summer vegetable. More number of Commercial farmers (75%) were found to use both chemicals and non-chemical disease management methods than conventional farmers. Botanical pesticides was in more use in commercial farms than in conventional farms. Not only botanical pesticides, chemical pesticides were also more in use in commercial farms. Commercial farms were found to use both chemical and botanical pesticides according to severity of disease. Conventional farmers were found to use a greater number of chemical pesticides as compare to botanical pesticides because of lack of knowledge and quick action of chemical pesticides.