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Simulation of depth and wind effects on the hydraulic efficiency of sedimentation tanks

In this research, we aim to investigate the effects of the depth and wind effect on the surface of water on the hydraulic efficiency of the sedimentation tanks in water and wastewater treatments plants. A verified two‐dimensional numerical study was performed to evaluate hydraulic performance of series settling tanks by four different depths of 2.5, 3, 3.5 and 4 (m). Wind velocities of 5 and 7 (m/s) in co‐current and counter‐current direction of water flow in sedimentation tank were applied on the surface of the water. In this study, k–ε turbulent model and passive scalar tracer were used to perform the simulations. The research confirms that wind influence on the surface of water causes recirculation zones and increases the length of recirculation zones. In both windy and normal situation, the Real Hydraulic Retention Time and the effective volume of sedimentation tanks increases widely as the depth of the tank.