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ELECTRICAL AND THERMAL ANALYSIS OF AN ENVIRONMENTALLY SAFE MICROPROCESSOR-BASED NICD FAST BATTERY CHARGER

Ultra fast charging capability of Ni-Cd batteries is used to present a safe and fast charging algorithm which prevents battery damages and maximizes its lifetime. The algorithm uses a combination of battery voltage (amplitude and slop), operating temperature and charging time slope to achieve a safe charging process. Before any charging action, battery state is determined, battery is intentionally discharged (to avoid memory effects), slowly charged to a safe voltage level (to maximize it’s life time), and then charged very rapidly. For terminating the charging action, accurate end-charge techniques are used (to avoid over charging) and finally, the battery enters the trickle mode. Based on the proposed algorithm, a fast microprocessor Ni-Cd battery charger is constructed and tested. Measured results are demonstrated and compared for two fast charging techniques (pulsed-current and ReFlex) along with two end charge detection methods ( and ). Also, measured temperatures are compared with results obtained by a mathematical model (lumped parameter method) generated for the battery. −∆V t ∆