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Correlates of wildlife hunting in indigenous communities in the Pastaza province, Ecuadorian Amazonia

Wild meat is an important source of dietary protein and fat for many indigenous peoples in Amazonia. However, rates of wildlife harvest are often unsustainable, threatening not only biodiversity but also the food security of indigenous peoples. During the last decades, Ecuadorian Amazonia has undergone profound socioeconomic changes which have significantly altered peoples' livelihood strategies. Little is known, however, how such changes have affected wildlife hunting. Based on data from a household survey, this paper analyzes the socioeconomic drivers of wildlife hunting among indigenous peoples in Pastaza, in the Ecuadorian Amazonia. The results of a random‐effect tobit analysis reveal that, wealthier households which have higher shares of off‐farm and non‐farm employment tend to harvest smaller amounts of wild meat. A probable explanation to this is that having a permanent and well‐paid job implies an increased opportunity cost of time, leading to a decrease in the time spent hunting and, therefore, decreased wildlife harvests.