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Family planning and maternal and child health.


 What is known about the maternal and child health aspects of family planning is reviewed, and proposals on the integration of the 2 services are offered. Most family planning programs in developing countries advocate late marriage, proper spacing, and termination of childbearing at about age 30-34, all of which are intended to lead to a smaller family size pattern. Such a practice would not only provide a greater chance of fulfilling parental responsibility but would also have tremendous impact on the reduction of maternal mortality, fetal loss, and infant mortality. Generally, the risk of childbearing becomes greater as maternal age decreases below 20 or increases beyond 30. Increased puerperal mortality and morbidity rates have long been known to result from repeated pregnancies. Older mothers experience more obstetrical complications. The high incidence of abortion may be taken as indicative of the widespread rejection of pregnancy and of the widely prevalent anxiety over becoming pregnant. The risk of stillbirths, neonatal and postneonatal mortality increases with both advancing maternal age and increasing parity. In Korea, because the family planning program has recently become well supported by both the public and a majority of the government, it is proposed that the national family planning program be used as a strategic platform for the improvement of maternal and child health. In some countries, where political objections to a family planning program on religious grounds are strong, development under the umbrella of a maternal and child health program is preferable. A word of caution is given against hurried and impatient integration of the 2 programs which might destroy one that is satisfactorily progressing. Building up capable personnel and a good program requires time. 1 well-developed program automatically improves the other of the 2 programs.
