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Photophysical characterization of sickle cell disease hemoglobin by multi-photon microscopy.

The photophysical properties of human sickle cell disease (SCD) Hemoglobin (Hb) is characterized by multi-photon microscopy (MPM). The intrinsic two-photon excited fluorescence (TPEF) signal associated with extracted hemoglobin was investigated and the solidified SCD variant (HbS) was found to demonstrate broad emission peaking around 510 nm when excited at 800 nm. MPM is used to dynamically induce and image HbS gelling by photolysis of deoxygenated HbS. For comparison, photolysis conditions were applied to a healthy variant of human hemoglobin (HbA) and found to remain in solution not forming fibers. The use of this signal to study the mechanism of HbS polymerization associated with the sickling of SCD erythrocytes is discussed.