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Global Polarization Effect in the Extremely Rapidly Rotating QGP in HIC

Recently, the global polarization of and hyperons in heavy-ion collisions (HIC) has been observed [1] by the STAR Collaboration at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) in Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL). The discovery confirms the theoretical prediction [2] made more than 10 years ago and indicates that the quark gluon plasma (QGP) produced in HIC possesses a vorticity as high as 1021s−1, much higher than any other fluid observed in nature. This opens a new window to study properties of QGP and a new direction in high energy heavy ion physics.