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Time-Constrained Ensemble Sensing With Heterogeneous IoT Devices in Intelligent Transportation Systems

—Recently we have witnessed the rise of Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT) and the shift of sensing paradigm from cloud-centric to the edge-centric, which effectively improves the sensing capability of intelligence transportation systems. To improve the real-time sensing performance, in this work we propose an ensemble sensing based scheme to solve the time-constraint synchronized inference problem and achieve robust inference with heterogeneous IoT devices in intelligence transportation systems. We design and implement Ensen , which incorporates various novel techniques such as customized DNN model design, KD-based model training, and dynamic deep ensemble management, etc., to achieve improved accuracy and maximize the computational resource usage of the whole sensing group. Extensive evaluations on different types of common IoT devices have shown that Ensen achieves a robust performance and can be easily extended to different types of convolutional neural networks.