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The Tabula Peutingeriana: Its Roadmap to Borderland Settlements in Iudaea-Palestina With Special Reference to Tel Zayit in the Late Roman Period

For studying ancient settlement patterns of borderland towns, one can hardly imagine a better topo-geographical arrangement than biblical Judah and Philistia, where multiple east-west valley systems spawned ancient roadways that connected the various areas. That one such passageway (recorded on a Late Roman map) ran from Ashkelon through the Naḥal Guvrin, passed Tel Zayit to Beth Guvrin, and continued into the hill country of Judah afforded Tel Zayit its political and cultural significance. An appreciation of this borderland location is crucial to a proper understanding of the site’s 3,500-year depositional history. From its shifting allegiances during the tenth and ninth centuries B.C.E. to its apparent service as a fortified Roman outpost, and even to its changing political orientations during the Turkish-Ottoman and British-Mandate periods, Tel Zayit calls to mind the liminality of daily life that its inhabitants surely understood.