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The Worlding of American Studies

SURVEYING THE LEGACY OF U.S. FOREIGN POLICY AT THE HEIGHT OF THE COLD War, Henry Nash Smith found a contradictory mixture of isolationism and imperial ambitions. As the nation extended its borders westward, its economic and political programs were buttressed by a symbolic constellation that he called "the myth of the garden." The requisite utopianism surrounding the garden of America gave rise to a dangerous xenophobia, a belief that "other men [sic] and other continents, having no share in the conditions of American virtue and happiness were by implication unfortunate or wicked" (187). Instead of looking east to see themselves as "members of a world community," Americans had been excessively oriented towards continental expansion as the means to fulfilling the promise of Manifest Destiny.' Fifty years later, the muted critique of isolationism advanced by Virgin Land has become one of the central concerns for scholars