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Fuzzy Based Combinatorial Filter Model for Drusen Enhancement in Retinal Fundus Images

This article presents an approach to enhance drusen regions in retinal fundus image of a patient having Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD). In this approach, a new filter model is developed by combining two processes on images which is named as Combinatorial Filter Model (CFM). The first process is based on processing drusen significant image bit planes and the second process is based on implementing fuzzy inference system (FIS) on bit planes. When bit planes are independently processed, the result improves the visibility of drusen features. An FIS is constructed to process the bit planes to further enhance the processed image. This approach is tested on images with drusen features on good quality images in proprietary database and comparatively low quality images from STARE database. The objective study of this model shows that drusen elements are enhanced and validated to a 95% significant level. The quality of the enhanced image is evaluated for preservation of drusen features using a proven feature similarity index technique with 0.99 quality index values