{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.02531645569620253, 'fraction_numerical': 0.003616636528028933, 'mean_word_length': 5.219101123595506, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
Small slope approximation modeling of scattering from a spilling breaker wave crest

The second-order small-slope approximation (SSA) model of the electromagnetic rough surface has been applied to a series of surface profiles representing the time-evolution of the crest of a spilling-breaker wave. The crest profiles were measured directly in a wave tank using an optical measurement technique. The SSA results were compared directly with reference scattering found using a moment-method based numerical technique and the standard two-scale model (TSM) at various angles of incidence. Both SSA and TSM give excellent results with profiles where no post-breaking steep features remain. As the incidence angle increases both SSA and TSM lose accuracy as expected. Both models give fair accuracy at vertical polarization with 80/spl deg/ incidence (10/spl deg/ grazing). However, at horizontal polarization SSA dramatically underpredicts the scattering during most of the measurement time. TSM shows better performance under these conditions, provided that the appropriate scale-separation threshold is used.