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Genetic differentiation in the yellow fever virus vector, Aedes simpsoni complex, in Africa: Sequence variation in the ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacers of anthropophilic and non‐anthropophilic populations

Mosquitoes of the Aedes simpsoni complex are important vectors of yellow fever virus in Africa. We examined the ribosomal DNA sequence divergence in the internal transcribed spacer regions (ITS‐1 and ITS‐2) for populations of mosquitoes that were determined to be anthropophilic or non‐anthropophilic in their bloodmeal host preference. A neighbour‐joining tree produced two clades: one contained all of the individual mosquitoes from anthropophilic populations and the other contained all of the individual mosquitoes from non‐anthropophilic populations. There was no segregation of the taxa within each of the two clades based on geographical origin. The data suggest the exisf′tence of two distinct species of Ae. simpsoni s.l. in Uganda that correlates with their host blood‐feeding preference. The current taxonomic status of the complex is discussed in relation to these findings.