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The Effect of Experimental Gastric Dilatation-Volvulus on the Adenosine Triphosphate Content and Cellular Permeability of the Canine Gastric and Jejunal Mucosa

Gastric dilatation-volvulus (GDV) is a life-threatening condition occurring primarily in large-breed dogs. Serious consequences of GDV include hypovolemic shock, sepsis, cardiac arrhythmias and death. Many systemic and metabolic changes occur leading to these complications. This study was designed to characterize changes in the content of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and cellular permeability of gastric and jejunal mucosa during gastric dilatation-volvulus (GDV). Our hypothesis stated that experimental GDV would result in a decrease in ATP content and cellular integrity of the gastric and intestinal mucosa that may improve after decompression and derotation of the stomach. Fifteen medium-to-large mixed-breed male dogs were randomly divided into three groups: GDV dogs, Ischemia dogs and Control dogs. All dogs were maintained on gas anesthesia for 210 minutes. The GDV dogs had a GDV for 120 minutes with a 90minute period of decompression, gastric derotation and reperfusion equaling 210 minutes. The Ischemia dogs had a similar GDV created and maintained for 210 minutes. The Control dogs were maintained on anesthesia for the entire 210 minutes without gastric manipulation. Tissue samples were taken in all dogs from the fundus, pylorus and jejunum at 0 (baseline), 120 and 210 minutes. Quantification of mucosal ATP (μg/ml) was accomplished using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Mucosal cellular permeability was evaluated using Ussing chambers by measuring conductance over 180 minutes (∆Gt). A significant decrease in ATP below baseline occurred in the fundic mucosa in the Ischemia dogs. A significant decrease in ATP was seen in the jejunual mucosa in GDV