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High‐throughput multiplex microsatellite marker assay for detection and quantification of adulteration in Basmati rice (Oryza sativa)

Basmati rice is a very special type of aromatic rice known world‐wide for its extra long grains and pleasant and distinct aroma. Traditional Basmati rice cultivars, confined to Indo‐Gangetic regions of the Indian subcontinent, are often reported to be adulterated with crossbred Basmati varieties and long‐grain non‐Basmati varieties in the export market. At present, there is no commercial scale technology to reliably detect adulteration. We report here a CE‐based multiplex microsatellite marker assay for detection as well as quantification of adulteration in Basmati rice samples. The single‐tube assay multiplexes eight microsatellite loci to generate variety‐specific allele profiles that can detect adulteration from 1% upwards. The protocol also incorporates a quantitative‐competitive PCR‐based analysis for quantification of adulteration. Accuracy of quantification has been shown to be ±1.5%. The experiments used to develop and validate the methodology are described.