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Cervicofacial Actinomycosis: A Case Report of a Mandibular Localization

Actinomycosis is a rare disease. The cervicofacial region is the most frequent localization. A chronic pus discharge, sometimes tumor-like, suggests the diagnosis, which is often confirmed by anatomopathological study. The treatment is surgical debridement and antibiotic therapy, frequently long-term. We report in the present work a case of a rare type of mandibular tumor about a 10-year-old girl who presented, to our maxillofacial surgery department of the university hospital center of Rabat, with a left fistulized mandibular swelling and normal mouth opening range. In her case, the diagnosis of actinomycosis was made by histology. The clinical outcome was good following an enucleation and a strong curettage and an antibiotic therapy. The lesions of this pathology, if untreated, may evolve to osteitis and sequestration which makes early diagnosis crucial.