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Tone-painting the Mysterious: The "Et expecto" from J. S. Bach's Mass in B Minor

Abstract:The Credo of Bach's Mass in B Minor, probably uniquely among masses of his time, includes a double-setting of the verse "Et expecto resurrectionem mortuorum"—first as an Adagio containing Bach's most tonally disorienting enharmonicism, then as an exuberant Vivace e allegro. This essay explores the many ways that the preceding "Confiteor" prepares for the Adagio into which it segues and explores what these relationships might mean both musically and as an interpretation of the liturgical text. It also situates the Adagio's tonal disorientation within seventeenth- and eighteenth-century theories of chords and harmony as well as tonal relationships.