{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.017873100983020553, 'fraction_numerical': 0.0, 'mean_word_length': 5.4, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
A Passive Client Side Control Packet-based WiFi Traffic Characterization Mechanism

WiFi has emerged as a pivotal technology for delivering Quality of Experience (QoE) to mobile devices. Unfortunately, exploding numbers of competing devices, potential encroachment by cellular technology, and dramatic increases in content richness deliver a more variable QoE than desired. Moreover, such variance tends to occur both across time and space making it a difficult problem to debug. Existing active approaches tend to be expensive or impractical while existing passive approaches tend to suffer from accuracy issues. In our paper, we propose a novel passive client-side approach that provides an efficient and accurate characterization by taking advantage of the properties of Frame Aggregation (FA) and Block Acknowledgements (BA). We show in the paper that one can accurately derive important metrics such as airtime and throughput with only a minimal amount of observed BAs. We show through extensive experiments the validity of our approach and conduct validation studies in the dense environment of a campus tailgate.