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ACTION MECHANISM OF TRIIODOTHYRONINE (T3) ON AMPHIREGULIN (AR) GENE EXPRESSION IN BREAST CARCINOMA CELL LINE MCF‐7

It is known that the hormonal status of patients with breast cancer is very important for the disease proliferation and its treatment. Experimental studies showed that T3 is able to increase the proliferation of breast cancer cells by inducing the expression of genes normally stimulated by estrogen. However, it was reported that steroid hormones could have quick action in cells without involving transitional mechanisms, called non‐genomic action. Studies show that AR gene, a multifunctional growth factor regulator, was stimulated by both T3 and E2 treatment of MCF‐7 cells. To determine whether thyroid hormone alters AR gene expression in a short period of time (non‐genomic pathway). Cell culture, of MCF‐7, was treated with T3 (10‐8M), TAM (10‐6M) and T3 + TAM in: 10 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hour and 2 hours. The total RNA of cultured cells was extracted and Real Time‐PCR was perfomed to determine AR gene expression. T3 is able to increase AR gene expression in a short period of time. The T3 hormone associated or not with TAM increased considerably the AR gene expression. The results support the hypothesis of non‐genomic action of thyroid hormone on AR gene, since there was a considerable increase in gene expression in both 10 minutes and 1 hour, even in the presence of TAM. Thus, it is clear that the non‐genomic action pathway is important and can be related to the proliferation and treatment of breast cancer.