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A Critical Review of the Technical Characteristics of Current Preschool Screening Batteries

The current review provides a summary and evaluation of the technical characteristics of five preschool screening batteries, including the Brigance Screens, DIAL-3, ESI-R, ESP, and FirstSTEP. These norm-referenced instruments were selected on the basis of their commercial availability, description as a screening instrument, and ability to assess multiple domains of functioning for children under the age of 5. Each battery was critically reviewed with regard to its reliability and validity, including sensitivity and specificity. Standardization information for each test is also presented. Comparisons of data presented in test manuals for the instruments are made in summative statements regarding overall performance in critical psychometric areas. Recommendations are made for preschool screening battery selection and future development of such measures.