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Single‐cell biomarker detection identifies heterogeneity within cancer populations

Understanding a complex biological system such as a cancerous tumor is already a difficult endeavor. Further, this complexity is compounded given the multiple cell subpopulations found in cancer tissue (e.g., cancer stem cells), broadly described as tumor heterogeneity. The significance of tumor heterogeneity is best understood when examined at the cellular level, where distinct differences in gene expression, signaling pathways, nutrient requirements can contribute to a diverse and dynamic microenvironment, which has already been implicated as a key factor in chemotherapy resistance. With so many distinct factors at play performing bulk measurements on a subset of cells will limit the ability to understand key differences which exist at the single cell level.