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Discharge by aphids of soluble secretions into dietary sources

Substances secreted by aphids into diets through a rubber‐wax membrane can be detected by their absorption of low wavelength ultraviolet light. Their detection can be simplified by presenting water as diet. Of the substances secreted into water by non‐crowded aphids within 24 h, ca 35–55% of the absorbance at 200 nm can be accounted for by reactions with protein reagents and/or electrophoresis. Macrosiphum euphorbiae secreted over 30 ng of salivary protein in bovine serum albumin equivalents per mg fresh body weight. SDS‐PAGE revealed that the proteins initially secreted had subunits mostly of > 100,000 Daltons. When dead or dying aphids were present on the membrane, however, e.g. due to crowding or prolonged confinement in the feeding chamber, additional subunits of < 30,000 Daltons also appeared in the water. When feeding continued for more than 24 h, proteins separable by electrophoresis began to disappear, possibly as a result of leakage of lyzing enzymes into the water from aphids that had died with their mouth parts still inserted through the membrane.