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Arginine dihydrolase activity in species of the genus Bacillus revealed by thin-layer chromatography.

This reaction may occur under anaerobic conditions thus providing a means for aerobic organisms to generate energy in the absence of free oxygen. Arginine dihydrolase is detected in routine laboratory tests by the anaerobic tube method of Thornley (1960) or by one of its modifications (Taylor & Whitby, 1964; Stewart, 1971 ; Jagnow, 1973). Stanier, Palleroni & Doudoroff (1966) detected this enzyme activity by measuring the disappearance of arginine in phosphate buffer. However, all these procedures have been developed for Gram-negative, non-fermentative bacteria (particularly Pseudomonas species) but have not yet been applied to Gram-positive organisms. Preliminary studies with some Bacillus strains revealed unsatisfactory and misleading results with Thornley's anaerobic tube method, caused by an alkaline shift in the medium as a result of deamination and/or decarboxylation rather than arginine dihydrolase activity. Thin-layer chromatography for the detection of the arginine dihydrolase system proved suitable in species of Pseudomonas (Zolg & Ottow, 1973). Therefore this method was adapted to detect this system in species of Bacillus.