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A Review on Cross Layer Protocols for Minimizing Energy Consumption and Improve Network Lifetime

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) continue to be an effective topic due to their wide variety of applications in areas such as war fields, medical system. In most applications, sensor nodes are scarce in supply of energy. Novel techniques or protocols have been introduced to consumption of energy and lifetime improvement. Such constraints combined with other parameters pose a challenge for the implementation of standard cross layer protocol. For instance the more study has been done on study of PHYMAC and N/W layers. Other layer combinations are not yet considered. We present a survey of cross layer protocols used to minimize energy and improve network lifetime. We framed research questions in order to investigate various cross layer protocols and their support for Qos parameters. Finally these protocols are compared and contracted.