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K.C.S. Paniker's Words and Symbols: A Formalist Approach

Formalism developed from the 19th century aesthetic of “Art for art’s sake.” The Formalist exponents believed in the evaluation of a artwork solely based on its form rather than its content. They reacted to an artwork on its formal and aesthetic qualities. Understanding the depth of Formalism is crucial in appreciating modern abstract art both of the West as well Indian. K. C. S. Paniker, being one of the most important figures in the abstractions of post-independence India, and had many influences from western artists, although he always maintained his Indian identity in his works. His series of ‘Words and Symbols’ is one of his most important contribution to modern Indian art in which he was interested in the formal structure of the ancient Indian texts and symbols. Therefore, this paper aims at understanding the more complex nature of Formalism and how that can be used to reassess Paniker’s works.