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Neuronal integration and the depolarizing effects of axonal GABA(A) receptors.

Despite their presence throughout the central nervous system, the impact of axonally expressed gamma-amino-butyric acid type-A receptors (GABA(A)Rs) on neuronal signaling is just beginning to be understood. A recently published article (Pugh JR and Jahr CE, J Neurosci 31: 565-574, 2011) tackled this important issue by investigating GABA(A)R-mediated function in axons of cerebellar granule cells. The results of Pugh and Jahr indicate parallel fiber GABA(A)Rs enhance neurotransmitter release probability and boost axonal and somatic excitability.