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Influence of feral goat and seabird activities on chemical properties of surface soils on an oceanic island in Japan

S l e c a s t e s p u island, the changes in the soil chemical properties were reasonably assigned to the effect of soil erosion caused by feral goats for increased soil acidity (mainly found in inland valley area) and to the effect of seabird activities for increased Bray II P and soil acidity (mainly found in outer rim area with high altitude). It was also clariﬁed that the high soil acidity was signiﬁcantly related to the low productivity of plant biomass. Soil erosion would have removed surface soils having weak acidity and exposed subsoils having strong acidity to the ground surface, resulting in inhibition of plant growth and delay of vegetation recovery. Based on the ﬁndings obtained in the present study, several options were proposed to stop soil erosion and to recover the vegetation, although careful preliminary examination would be necessary for applying them.