{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.020819341840161182, 'fraction_numerical': 0.0, 'mean_word_length': 5.563876651982379, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
Alpha-particle Monte Carlo simulation for microdosimetric calculations using a commercial spreadsheet

Alpha-particle emitters are currently being evaluated in the treatment of cancer. Because of the short range and high linear energy transfer (LET) of most therapeutic alpha-particle emitters, there are significant stochastic variations in the energy deposited within the cellular nucleus. Hence microdosimetric spectra are often necessary to interpret biological endpoints. However, alpha-particle microdosimetric codes are not readily available. In this paper, we describe how a commercial spreadsheet may be used to perform a Monte Carlo simulation of alpha-particle transport. Subsequently, this information is used to determine the distribution of path lengths, energy deposited, and specific energy for a single alpha-particle traversal through the cell nucleus. These data may then be used to determine microdosimetric parameters for multiple alpha-particle emissions. In our analysis, comparison of the first and second moments of the single-event spectra with previously published data show agreement on the order of a few per cent. These small discrepancies are due to differences in interpolation of stopping powers between the various algorithms. Thus, the spreadsheet Monte Carlo method represents a simple and efficient method to calculate single-event spectra for alpha-particle emitters. Copies of the spreadsheet are available from the corresponding author upon request.