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Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in Glanzmann thrombasthenia complicated by platelet alloimmunization.

BACKGROUND
For Thrombasthenia Glanzmann (GT) patients presenting with a severe clinical phenotype due to complete lack of thrombocyte function or increased titres of anti-platelet antibodies hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (SCT) is the only curative therapy.


CASE REPORT
We report the case of a 13-month-old boy, presenting with a severe course of GT, who was successfully treated with an HLA-identical sibling bone marrow transplant. SCT was complicated by anti-platelet alloimmunization after platelet transfusion successfully treated with high dosage immunoglobulins (2 g/kg) and partial plasma exchange.


CONCLUSION
SCT may be a viable option for selected patients with GT. However, SCT in GT carries its own significant risks, resulting from the development of anti-platelet antibodies. A critical risk-benefit analysis is mandatory prior to SCT.