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Extended safety descriptor measurements for relative safety assessment in mixed road traffic

Mixed traffic denotes the coexistence of two driving styles: human and automated driving. Until now, there has been an ambiguity about the driver's safety in mixed traffic. Traffic safety studies focus on a synthesis of control laws which help drivers to avoid or mitigate collisions. Classic safety descriptors use only the time to collision, a time criterion for safety assessment. Other assess traffic safety through vehicle distance gap. In this paper, the Dwell Time descriptor is extended to evaluate safety from both time and distance criteria. The goal is to assess the impact of automated vehicles on driver safety.