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Police and Press in India — An Adversary Relationship

Law enforcement in a democratic society is a complex and complicated job. The work of the police as the main law enforcement agency is consequently a very difficult one because the police have to reconcile the dilemma of preserving liberty and human rights of the individual, on one hand, and enforcing laws which aim at the preservation of society from the operations of the anti-social elements, on the other. A policeman, it has been said, has to function in a democratic system, "as the battle-field for tension between the State and the individual," and hence conflict situations are inescapable in his work. The police officer, says Ben Whiteaker, I "acts as a lightning-conductor for resentment against many aberrations of society for which he is not responsible". Hence for successful performance of its multifarious responsibilities the police will have to depend on the willing co-operation and support of the public they serve. Any successful law-enforcement programme requires the backing of the informed and aroused citizenry. The police can win communal consent and cooperation, if its image before the eyes of the public remains bright and untarnished. Webster, in his dictionary, defines image as the "mental representation of anything not actually present to the senses". The image of the police varies from country to country. In some countries the police stand as the symbol of security and protection, while in some other countries the police are viewed as an object of terror, repression and hatred. The nineteenth century writer Alexander Herzen said that whereas seeing a policeman in Russia has an effect like a tile falling on one's head, in England the same sight increases one's sense of security.