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Effects of magnesium, phosphate and zinc supplementation in ICU patients—Protocol for a systematic review

Depletion of the trace elements magnesium, phosphate and zinc is common in patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). Observational studies have suggested worse outcome in patients with hypomagnesaemia, hypophosphataemia or hypozincaemia, but also inverse associations with worse outcome with too high serum levels. However, it is unclear whether data from randomised clinical trials (RCTs) confirm this. Accordingly, we plan to assess the balance between benefits and harms of supplementation as compared with placebo or no supplementation in adult ICU patients.