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Removal of Bisphenol A from synthetic wastewater solutions using a polymer inclusion membrane

The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility of polymer inclusion membrane (PIM) to eliminate xenoestrogens (EDCs) bisphenol A (BPA) from synthetic wastewater as well as identify the major variables playing a significant role in the process. To achieve this goal, prepared PIM containing derivatives of calix[4]resorcinarene as the carrier, cellulose triacetate (CTA) as the base polymer, and 2-nitrophenyloctylether (2-NPOE) as a plasticizer has been used. The capability of PIM to remove contaminants was assessed using BPA as a model contaminant. The transport flux of BPA through the prepared PIMs was found to be dependent on various external factors such as; concentration of the carrier and the plasticizer in the membrane phase, pH of the aqueous feed phase, and thickness of the membrane. The corresponding stirring speed, pH of feed phase, the initial concentration of BPA in feed phase, carrier content, and plasticizer were: 600 rpm, pH 4, 100 mg dm–3, 400 mg g–1 of support, and 3 mL g–1 CTA, respectively. Up of 90% of BPA was transported from the feed phase to the stripping phase in 5 d, when the initial concentration of target was 100 mg L–1, and initial flux was found to be 5 × 10–7 (mol m–2 s–1). BPA can be transported through PIM when it is present in an undissociated state in aqueous solution. PIM stability after three cycles of transport processes was examined. The separation by using PIM has been identified as a promising technology for removing organic contaminants entering the water cycle.