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Charge-induced strains in single-walled carbon nanotubes

This paper investigates the electromechanical coupling in single-walled carbon nanotubes. In the model system, the extra electric charge of the nanotube is assumed to be uniformly distributed on carbon atoms. The electrostatic interactions between charged carbon atoms are calculated using the Coulomb law. The deformation of the charged nanotube is obtained by using the molecular structural mechanics method and considering the electrostatic interactions as an external loading acting on carbon atoms. The axial strain is found to be a symmetric function of applied charge, and our predictions are in very good agreement with those from ab initio calculations. The present results indicate that the nanotube aspect ratio has a strong effect on the axial strain when the ratio is less than 10 and the general trend is that the strain increases with the aspect ratio. The peak axial and radial strains occur at nanotube diameters of around 1.2–1.5 nm.