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Macular thickness changes after neodymium: yttrium–aluminum–garnet laser capsulotomy in diabetic patients

Objective The aim was to evaluate the changes in macular thickness (MT) post-neodymium: yttrium–aluminum–garnet (ND: YAG) laser capsulotomy in diabetic patients. Background ND:YAG laser capsulotomy has been found to be safe, effective, and easily applied in a short time at an outpatient clinic. However, events such as cystoid macular edema, retinal detachment, and rise in intraocular pressure tend to occur after ND: YAG laser capsulotomy. Patients and methods This prospective case series study included 100 eyes of 100 diabetic patients diagnosed as posterior capsule opacification (PCO), following uncomplicated cataract surgery. All patients were examined beforehand ND: YAG laser capsulotomy and on the first, third, and sixth month post-ND: YAG laser capsulotomy for intraocular pressure, MT, and best-corrected visual acuity. Patients were divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of diabetic retinopathy and maculopathy: group A included diabetic patients with no diabetic retinopathy and maculopathy and group B included diabetic patients with diabetic retinopathy and maculopathy. Results Group A involving diabetic patients with no diabetic retinopathy and maculopathy suffering from PCO had increased MT at the first, third, and sixth month after laser capsulotomy (P < 0.001). Group B involving diabetic patients with diabetic retinopathy and maculopathy suffering from PCO had increased MT at the first, third, and sixth month after laser capsulotomy (P < 0.001). The two groups showed a statistically significant increase in MT. There was statistically significant increase in MT during the follow-up period in both groups (P < 0.001). Conclusion An increase in MT can be detected after ND: YAG laser capsulotomy in diabetic patients especially diabetic patients with diabetic retinopathy and maculopathy.