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Chemical induction of HO‐1 suppresses lupus nephritis by reducing local iNOS expression and synthesis of anti‐dsDNA antibody

There is accumulating evidence that haem oxygenase (HO)‐1 plays a protective role in various disorders. The beneficial efficacy of HO‐1 induction therapy has been shown in renal diseases such as glomerulonephritis, interstitial nephritis and drug induced nephrotoxicity. However, involvement of HO‐1 in the development of autoimmune renal diseases remains uncertain. To assess the clinical efficacy of HO‐1 induction therapy for lupus glomerulonephritis, MRL/lpr mice were intraperitoneally injected with 100 µmol/kg hemin, a potent HO‐1 inducer, or PBS as controls, once a week from 6 weeks of age to 21–24 weeks‐old. We found that treatment with hemin led to a significant reduction of proteinuria and remarkable amelioration of glomerular lesions accompanied by decreased immune depositions. In addition, the circulating IgG anti‐double‐stranded DNA antibody level was significantly decreased in hemin treated mice when compared with controls. A single intraperitoneal injection with hemin resulted in reduction of inducible nitric oxide synthase expression in the kidney and spleen, and serum interferon‐γ level. Our results suggest that HO‐1 induction therapy ameliorates lupus nephritis by suppressing nitric oxide (NO) dependent inflammatory responses and attenuating production of pathogenic autoantibodies.