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The Psychophysiology of Self-Defining Memories

Throughout the past 15 years, researchers have explored self-defining memories within the larger category of autobiographical memories (Conway, Singer, & Tagini, 2004; Singer, 2005; Singer & Salovey, 2003; Wood & Conway, 2006). Other researchers have examined the physiological reactions to various stimuli, some related to autobiographical memory (Gross & Levenson, 1997; Levenson & Gottman, 1983; Philippot, Schaefer, & Herbette, 2003; Schaefer & Philippot, 2005; Schwartz, Weinberger, & Singer, 1981). The present study is the first experiment to investigate the relationship of physiological correlates to self-defining memories. This study had participants generate their own selfdefining and autobiographical memories, and recall them, while attached to electrodes measuring heart rate and skin conductance one week later. The current study separated memories into four categories: positive and negative self-defining memories and positive and negative autobiographical memories. Change in skin conductance was greatest for negative self-defining memories. Further results showed that self-defining memories had more words and higher importance than did autobiographical memories pre-recall, and self-defining memories differed in intensity and emotion ratings from autobiographical memories post-recall.