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Effect of saturation on diffraction from dynamic photoanisotropic organic materials

The probability of absorbing a photon by a highly anisotropic dye molecule depends on the orientation of its principal absorption oscillator axis with respect to the polarization direction of the acting light. This will result in more molecules whose absorption axes are parallel to the polarization direction undergoing photoisomerization than the molecules which have other absorption axis orientations. Saturation occurs when all of the molecules aligned in a particular orientation are isomerized so further photoexcitation cannot occur. In this case saturation becomes direction dependent and occurs first in the direction aligned with the incident polarization. We investigate this anisotropic saturation behavior and present a theoretical model which incorporates intensity saturation for describing diffraction from dynamic photoanisotropic organic materials. Numerical simulations of diffraction versus intensity and polarization are provided and compared with the experimental results.