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Porous Metal Organic Frameworks Containing Reversible Disulfide Linkages as Cathode Materials for Li-Ion Batteries.

Three porous and two nonporous disulfide-ligand-containing metal-organic frameworks (DS-MOFs) with various structural dimensionalities were used as cathode active materials in lithium batteries. Charge-discharge performance examinations revealed that only porous DS-MOF-based batteries exhibited significant capacities close to theoretical values, which was ascribed to the insertion of electrolyte ions into DS-MOFs. The insolubility of porous 3D DS-MOFs in the electrolyte resulted in cycling performance superior to that of their 1D and 2D porous counterparts. Battery reactions were probed by instrumental analyses. The dual redox reactions of metal ions and disulfide ligands in MOFs resulted in higher capacities, and the presence of reversible electrochemically dynamic S-S bonds stabilised cycling performance. Thus, the strategy of S-S moiety trapping in MOFs and the obtained correlation between structural features and battery performance contribute to the design of high-performance MOF-based batteries and the practical realisation of Li-S batteries.