{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.019191226867717615, 'fraction_numerical': 0.0, 'mean_word_length': 5.186440677966102, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
Sensor, sensor interfacing and front-end data management for stand-alone microsystems

Sensors cannot be developed without their matching circuits, especially when in the search for minimal dimensions: often the physical geometries become so small that the sensor performance degrades to yield only very weak signal levels. Therefore, it is mandatory in many cases to provide the measurement circuits close to the sensor site, if not on the sensor chip itself. Monitoring physical quantities from a remote and difficult to access location requires high standards for the sensors and their circuits involved: whenever long distance measurements are performed, it is essential that the data remains reliable at all times. This is a hard requirement and many sensors used in such applications cannot cope with such severe specifications, as there exists: low drift, high stability in time, immunity to cross sensitivities, etc. However, adding circuitry also allows one to add more intelligence to the sensor itself. This paper will deal with the merits of such an approach and will focus on some examples. It is also shown how the sensor design in itself can be modified to improve the interface circuit performance. Furthermore, an example is given where monitoring of parameters on free-ranging animals is envisaged, but the system can easily be modified to address the measurement tasks in, for example, chemical production plants or automotive applications.