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Numerical Simulation Study on Lining Damage of Shield Tunnel under Train Load

Under the long-term dynamic load influence of trains, shield tunnel structures are damaged. With the increase in operating number, cumulative damage gradually increases. When cumulative damage increases to a certain value, the tunnel lining produces cracks and loses tensile strength, which leads to tunnel deformation, damage, etc. In serious cases, the tunnel ceases operation, causing traffic accidents and casualties. Based on the finite element software ABAQUS, this paper analyses the change rule of tunnel lining damage under long-term dynamic train load and explores the influence of tunnel buried depth on the change rule of tunnel lining damage. The excitation force function is used to generate a series of dynamic and static loads superimposed by sine functions to simulate the dynamic loads of trains. Load is applied above the tunnel by writing DLOAD subprogram. The results show that the damage of tunnel lining mainly occurs at the arch foot and the structural damage in other places can be neglected. Under the same loading condition, the greater the tunnel lining damage is. Under the same loading conditions, the tunnel lining damage increases with the increase in buried depth. According to the test results, the mathematical expressions of cumulative damage value versus loading times at the location prone to fatigue damage. It provides theoretical reference for safety evaluation and protection of tunnel structure under long-term train load.