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Study of the magnetic configuration of an l=3 torsatron by the triode and the luminescent rod methods

The magnetic field configuration of the Uragan-3M l=3 torsatron, which has a p=4 multipole vertical magnetic field compensation system, was studied using two methods to map the contours of the magnetic flux surfaces. The first method, the so-called triode method with a constant voltage electron source, measures the current emitted by an open thermoelectron emitter and the portion drawn by a highly transparent grid located in a poloidal cross-section of the torus. The second method involves the use of a conducting luminescent rod which scans the torus cross-section and lights up when struck by electrons emitted by an electron gun. The information on the magnetic surface structure obtained by these two techniques is compared. The characteristics of the two methods are discussed, giving special attention to the triode method because it allows an objective criterion for the quality of the magnetic surface structure to be introduced. It is shown how advantageous both methods are for rapid adjustment and optimization of the magnetic configurations in a stellarator when perturbations are present and what improvements could be achieved on Uragan-3M. Also discussed are experiments on generating electron clouds in Uragan-3M during the ramp-up phase of the magnetic field pulse