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Shared Psychotic Disorder: A Critical Review of the Literature

Ohjective: To search the literature to reassess the concept ofshared psychotic disorder (SPD) using modern nosology and current biopsychosocialformulation. Method: Analyzing published case reportsfrom 1942 through to 1993 that meet DSMIVcriteriaforSPD according topatient age, sex, nature and duration of the relationship with the "primary", length ofexposure to primary's psychosis, family psychiatric history, comorbidity, social isolation of the dyad, presence of hallucinations, delusional type, and the diagnosis ofthe primary. Results: Findings revealed: 1. males andfemales were affected with equalfrequency; 2. there was equal prevalence in younger and older patients; 3. the majority of shared psychoses (90.2%) were equally distributed among married couples, siblings, and parent-child dyads; 4. comorbid dementia, depression, and mental retardation were common; 5. hallucinations were common; 6. the majority of dyads (67.3%) were socially isolated. Conclusions: SPD probably occurs in premorbidly disposed individuals in the context of social isolation which is shared with a psychoticperson.