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Enhanced Heat Transfer with Metal-Dielectric Core-Shell Nanoparticles

Heat transfer from irradiated metallic nanoparticles is relevant to a broad array of applications ranging from water desalination to photoacoustics. The efficiency of such processes depends on the ability of these nanoparticles to absorb the pulsed illuminating light and to quickly transfer energy to the environment. Here we show that compared with homogeneous gold nanoparticles having the same size, gold-silica core-shell nanoparticles enable heat transfer to liquid water that is faster. We reach this conclusion by considering both analytical and numerical calculations. The key factor explaining enhanced heat transfer is the direct interfacial coupling between metal electrons and silica phonons. We discuss how to achieve fast heating of water in the vicinity of the particle and show that optimal conditions involve nanoparticles with thin silica shells irradiated by ultrafast laser pulses. Our findings should serve as guides for the optimization of thermoplasmonic applications of core-shell nanoparticles.