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Creativity Metrics for a Lead-and-Follow Dynamic in an Improvisational Dance Agent

Being creative in movement-based improvisational environments, such as dance floors, poses a difficult challenge for computers. It is particularly challenging for computers to judge the creativity of inputs and responses in these open-ended domains. LuminAI is an improvisational dance installation where an artificially intelligent agent dances with a user. In this paper, we enable the agent to judge the creativity of dance gestures through the development of creativity metrics, including the novelty, value, and surprise of a gesture. We then use these metrics to implement a lead-andfollow dynamic: when the user is performing less creatively, the agent tries to lead by performing more creatively. A user study is performed to compare the original and lead-and-follow systems, with results showing users found the lead-and-follow system’s gestures lower in quality than the original, more surprising than the original, and found the original system more engaging and influential on their actions.