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CYTOTOXIC AND GENOTOXIC ASSESSMENT OF SOME ANTI‐TUMOUR PLANTS FROM SOUTHWEST NIGERIA IN CERVICAL CANCER (HeLa) CELL LINE.

Natural products have contributed immensely to the development of anti‐tumour agents in which genotoxic and cytotoxic activities are consistent with these agents. Hence, this study is aimed at evaluating the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of hit fractions from the leaves of Catharanthus roseus, Amaranthus viridis, Piper guineense, Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides, Costus afer, and Annona muricata. Neutral red (NR) cytotoxicity assay was carried out to determine the IC50 values of each hit fraction using HeLa Cell lines. Alkaline comet assay was used to assess both double‐ and single‐stranded DNA breaks and detect alkali‐labile sites, which are expressed as strand breaks in DNA. Apoptosis was evaluated using DNA Fragmentation assay. Results shows that tannin and ethylacetate fractions of A. viridis, A. muricata (tannin fraction), C. roseus chloroform fractions had LC50 values< 100 μg/ml. Significant (P<0.05) percentage DNA comet tail was observed with C. roseus (chloroform), Piper guineense (hexane), and A. muricata (tannin fraction). Apoptotic DNA fragmentation was also observed in Piper guineense (hexane), A. viridis (ethylacetate), Z. zanthoxyloides (ethylacetete) and A. muricata (tannin fraction).