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[Plasma glucose and C-peptide after ingestion of sucrose and starch in controlled insulin-dependent diabetics. Importance of glucose availability].

Oral tests using 50 g of sucrose and 100 g of white bread were carried out in ten insulin-dependent diabetics (four with signs of residual B-cell function and in six without). Plasma glucose and C-peptide (CPR) were estimated during the 180 minutes after ingestion. After bread intake, plasma glucose increase was significantly delayed (30 min.). Hyperglycemia (greater than 2.5 g/l) lasted significantly longer after bread then after sucrose ingestion. Blood glucose decreased more quickly in subjects with residual B-cell function than in subjects without. CPR was not significantly modified by either of the carbohydrate loads. In the controlled insulin-dependent diabetic the hyperglycemia observed results from the ease of carbohydrates hydrolysis and from the amount of available glucose. The role of fructose seems weak in the case of sucrose because its conversion to glucose would be minimized in the presence of metabolic normalization as indicated by a well controlled blood glucose.