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Some implications of the short-term synaptic plasticity for neuronal computation: a model study

Spikes arriving at the synaptic connection produce short-term plastic changes of the synaptic efficacy. Model experiments have shown that paired-pulse facilitation attaining its maximum after a specific interval between a pair of arriving spikes might turn a “weak” plastic synapse attached to an integrate-and-fire neuron to a frequency-tuned device. Resulting computational capabilities create biologically plausible mechanisms of information processing relating to: (i) real-time identification of temporal patterns in a stream of random spiking activity (a recognition problem); and (ii) codetermination of the specific activity routing among neurons (an addressing problem) resulting in definite spatio-temporal patterns of the output activity (an input-output pattern problem).