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Exploring the Design and Implementation of Vehicular Networked Systems

In an increasingly computerized and connected world, one of the most ubiquitous technological presences in our life, the car, has been “resisting” this invasion. At a time when gadgets exploiting computing and wireless networking bombard us from every direction, cars remain a conservative technological island with the inter-car communication mostly visual (break and reverse lights, turn signals, horn, etc), executed by the driver and invented almost a century ago . When visibility is limited, such as on a foggy day, around the corner, or just further ahead on a congested road, there is no alternative source of information to assist the driver in his decisions. Moreover, beyond passive safety technologies such as seat belts and airbags, which have been substantially improved over the last decade, there is a tremendous opportunity to move forward to active safety using active accident avoidance technologies. In spite of current advancements in vehicular technology, today, the tail of traffic safety remains the same. According to a recently released U.S. Traffic Safety Facts Report between 1973 and 2003 the number of reported traffic accidents has remained relatively constant. Furthermore, the number of reported fatalities has decreased by only 10 percent between 1988 and 2003 (42,130 vs. 38,252). Not surprisingly, this mirrors closely with similar statistics recently released by the EU. Beyond the cost in human lives, the financial impact of this is staggering. The annual costs associated with traffic accidents are nearly 1 Trillion US dollars. This is equivalent to almost 3 percent of the world’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP). The picture is clear, as more vehicles are added to the world’s roadways, the situation can only get worse unless the technology improves dramatically. For this to happen, the adoption of wireless communication technology to support computer-based intercar communication protocols is required. The vision is an intelligent transportation system composed of smart vehicles exchanging data. This exchange of data enables these vehicles to execute applications for safe driving, traffic condition monitoring, dynamic route planning, e-commerce, etc. The recently adopted Dedicated Short-Range Communication (DSRC) spectrum for vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure multi-channel communication is an indication of the increasing interest and expectations from this emerging technology. At first glance, the research community seems to have already accumulated the necessary results to solve this challenge. The Ad hoc networking research community finally appears to have a long awaited killer application domain, to which an impressive body of work can be directly applied. There are also significant results in other areas such as human-computer interaction, security, and computer vision that seem relevant