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Physicists create new state of matter.

By cooling a crowd of atoms to within a hair of absolute zero, researchers have made the crowd behave as one, opening a new arena for physics. On 5 June Eric Cornell and Carl Wieman created a Bose-Einstein condensate in which atoms come to a near standstill. As they slow to a stop, the quantum-mechanical waves that describe each atom spread out and merge until the entire gas is locked in the same quantum state. This article describes the history of the research, how the experiment was developed, and the future for this research.