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Model of Ultimate Capacity of Dual-Dependent Parallel Runways

This paper develops an analytical model of the ultimate capacity of dual-dependent parallel runways (with close or intermediate spacing), where ultimate capacity is defined as the maximum number of aircraft accommodated during a given period (usually 1 h or 15 min) under constant demand for service and other given conditions. The model uses six inputs: geometry (configuration) of parallel runways; air traffic control (ATC) separation rules; technologies for aircraft primary navigation, communication, and air traffic surveillance, which influence separation rules and the degree of dependency of two runways; aircraft fleet mix in terms of wake–vortex categories and approach and departure speeds; proportion of arrival and departure demand; and ATC tactics of sequencing particular aircraft types and operations. The output represents the so-called capacity coverage curve, which reflects different scenarios of using given runways. The model is used to calculate the capacity of a large European airport.