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Fast parallel calculation for optimal power demand control in multi-layer smart grids

This paper presents an optimal method for controlling power demand probabilities in a negawatt trading between aggregators in a multi-layer smart grid. The calculation algorithm can be parallelized by using the multi-layer structure; therefore, we can avoid computational effort explosions. In the power demand control, according to a cost distribution representing maximum probabilities at assumed total power demands of aggregators in a lower-layer, an independent system operator in the top layer can optimally allocate some desired variation of the distribution to each aggregator. The allocated distributions may be offered to aggregators as peak shifts and/or power restrictions with their benefits.