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Novel Leu723Pro amyloid precursor protein mutation increases amyloid β42(43) peptide levels and induces apoptosis

A novel missense mutation, Leu723Pro, in the amyloid precursor protein (APP) gene was discovered in an early‐onset Alzheimer's disease family. Expression of L723P mutant APP complementary DNA in CHO cells resulted in a 1.4‐ to 1.9‐fold increased production of the 42(43)–amino acid length amyloid β peptide compared with the wild‐type sequence and was capable of causing apoptosis. The mutation is predicted to alter the luminal transmembrane length and helical arrangement of the APP molecule and thus affect the γ‐secretase cleavage site. Ann Neurol 2000;47:249–253