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Accumulation of heavy metals by naturally colonising Typha domingensis (Poales: Typhaceae) in waste-rock dump leachate storage ponds in a gold–copper mine in the central tablelands of New South Wales, Australia

Abstract Naturally colonised populations of Typha domingensis in mine waste-rock dump leachate ponds (northern leachate pond [NLP] and southern leachate pond [SLP] and a nearby reference site (Cadiangullong Creek [CAC] were analysed for accumulation of Cu, Mn, and Zn in the winter of 2010 and early autumn of 2011. Concentrations in sediment, leachate and creek water at NLP, SLP, and CAC were also analysed for Cu, Mn, and Zn. Linear regression of Cu, Mn, and Zn concentrations in the leachate at each site revealed a significant reduction in these metals at NLP only in early autumn as leachate travelled away from the toe of the waste-rock dump and through the naturally colonised populations of T. domingensis. This study indicates that this species is a suitable candidate for the process of phytoimmobilisation of the tested metals.