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Lost in translation? WIZO and international feminism c.1920–1940

ABSTRACT WIZO's founders in 1920 included several Anglo-Jewish feminists and former suffragists. The organisation supported the female franchise in the Jewish institutions of Mandate Palestine, but incorporated many, sometimes conflicting, approaches to developing women's roles. Attempting mass membership in hopes of influencing the male-dominated world Zionist movement, WIZO represented women with widely differing views, both within and between national branches. Disagreements were particularly open between British and Czechoslovak WIZO leaders regarding the provision of welfare services as opposed to establishing training for economic independence, particularly in agriculture. Deep rifts and resignations by 1930 were healed as the rise of Nazism demanded a new focus. The embedding of a formal party-political system in the Mandate and State of Israel, together with the consolidation of an orthodox Rabbinate, left little space for these pioneers to speak on women's issues.