{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.019742489270386267, 'fraction_numerical': 0.0, 'mean_word_length': 5.5139664804469275, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
Motion Detection in Physical Space and Its Peripheral and Central Representation a

Any animal locomoting in a normal fashion will sooner or later find it necessary to monitor its posture and the dynamics of its motion in physical space. This monitoring requires sensors that can effectively establish a meaningful representation of the direction and speed of both active and passive movements, in order to elicit an appropriate motor response. Vertebrates have developed a number of such movement detectors throughout phylogeny, and in this paper we will discuss some of these, focusing on the labyrinth and on one aspect of visual processing, the optokinetic system. At the output end, we will examine a motor control system, the extraocular muscle apparatus. From sensor to effector, the involved sensory and motor systems provide temporally and spatially coordinated compensatory eye movements, the vestibulo-ocular reflex (actually a visuo-vestibulo-ocular reflex). This reflex exemplifies sensory-motor transformations in three-dimensional space and allows the drawing of conclusions about functional, phylogenetic, and teleological aspects of brain function.