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Ozone Treatment Reduces Blood Oxidative Stress and Pancreas Damage in a Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes Model in Rats

In spite of the fact that ozone has been used as a therapeutical agent and beneficial effects have been observed, so far only a few biochemical and pharmacodynamic mechanisms have been studied. We have demonstrated that controlled ozone administration may promote an oxidative preconditioning or adaptation to oxidative stress, preventing the damage induced by Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) through preservation of antioxidant endogenous systems. Taking into account that STZ produces ROS generation, which promotes pancreas damage with loss of its function, we studied ozone effects on blood oxidative stress and its relationship with pancreas injury mediated by STZ. Five groups of rats were classified as follows: (1) Non-diabetic control group treated only with citrate buffer solution; (2) positive control group using as a diabetes inductor; (3) Ozone group, receiving 10 treatments (1.1 mg/kg) one per day after STZinduced diabetes; (4) Oxygen (26 mg/kg) one per day, as in group 3 but using oxygen only; (5) control ozone, as group 3, but without STZ. Ozone + STZ treatment improved glycemic control with regard to STZ group (16.1 ± 1.45 vs 27.12 ± 2.12 mmol/L). Blood oxidative stress was controlled by ozone as it was showed in the reduction of malondialdehyde, total hydroperoxides and peroxidation potential. In addition, antioxidant endogenous systems were increased (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and reduced glutathione). In line with these results, there was a decrease in the percentage of damaged pancreatic islets by ozone treatment. Ozone antioxidant properties preserved β-cells functions and reduced hyperglycemia. Taken together, these results suggest that this complementary medical approach may represent a potential alternative in the treatment of diabetes and its complications.