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Value Chain and Business Model Analysis of ICT Services in Context of Next Generation Network

The old telecom industry is featured as highly regulated and vertical integrated sector. The value-adding activities were confined in a close value chain. ‘Walled garden’ model is the business model of traditional telecom service. Liberalization campaign introduced competition which facilitated the vertical specification. The Internet brought a radical change beyond what is thought as an ordinary technological evolution. Internet enables the disruption of the old business model and brings the ‘public garden’ model.
 The industry got consensus that next generation network is based on the IP technology. One of the most important characteristics of NGN is the service plane separates from the network transport plane. This fundamental change of the technology paradigm profoundly impacts on the network architecture, the service provisioning environment, the market structure, and the business model of ICT services.
 Convergence is recently the most spectacular phenomenon in the ICT service market. Still, some problems related to the convergence emerged. The deep-seated reason for those unsustainable broadband services is the absence of a reasonable business model or a pricing schema. Convergence challenged the existing regulation. Regulators have to identify the potential control points in NGN and regulate them appropriately. The backbone network infrastructures may be regulated as public utility. Competition is encouraged in the access and service/content provisioning market.
 The upward value shift happened. Consequently, all the stakeholders need to develop their capabilities so as to seize the new opportunities. Indeed, NGN technology breaks up the close value chain and gives the possibilities of joining the value-adding activities to all market players including the potentials. An open and dynamic business ecosystem for ICT services come into being. Multiple co-existing business models rather than the one-size-fits-all model will be the status in future NGN market.
 Telecom operators can still play an important role in the business models for the new converged services at present. But they have the risk to degrade into bit pipe plumber in NGN market if they do not build up their core competency for instance service innovation and management capabilities.
 The ‘gated garden’ business model could be promising for telecom operators. As possible transformation directions, telecom operator may evolve into a service provider, or an incubator manager.