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Novel Medicine: Healing, Literature, and Popular Knowledge in Early Modern China. By Andrew Schonebaum. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 2016. viii, 283 pp. ISBN: 9780295995182 (cloth, also available in paper and as e-book).

propaganda efforts to redefine Tibetan Buddhism (and Tibetan culture and history) have been highly successful among Han Chinese. And he helpfully draws on the psychology literature to explain the appeal of the propaganda to mainstream Chinese audiences. At the same time, Powers highlights the failure of the CCP to change Tibetan minds and documents continued Tibetan resistance to CCP propaganda. His interviews with seventeen monks and nuns who had been subjected to patriotic reeducation revealed that all saw nothing new in the “shit lies” (p. 71), as described by some of the interviewees, being presented about Tibetan history and religion. Although the focus of the book is on official propaganda, Powers could have usefully extended the discussion of Tibetan resistance to official attempts to redefine Tibetanness. He might have looked to the post-2008 renaissance in Tibetan-language literature and to the burgeoning online debate about Buddhism and what it means to be Tibetan in today’s China. Overall, The Buddha Party is an excellent book that will be essential reading for students of contemporary Tibet. It is a handy and accessible classroom resource for courses on contemporary China that address the PRC’s ethnic policies and the status of the country’s ethnic nationalities. The book focuses on Tibetans, but it is highly relevant for understanding Chinese nationalism and the narratives that underpin the Chinese Dream—Xi Jinping’s vision for the great rejuvenation of China. It will also be helpful to those wishing to gain a greater understanding of current events in Xinjiang, where Islam is being similarly targeted as a threat to national integration and China’s return to world power status.