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The Intellectual Foundation and History of the Agricultural Extension Model

The agricultural extension services in the United States have been highly effective, especially in the past 40 years, in diffusing agricultural technologies to farmers, thus creating a so-called “agricultural revolution.” The results include a much higher agricultural productivity and a sharply decreased farm population. Here we review the history of the agricultural extension model, showing how its various elements developed gradually over time. We also analyze extensions of the agricultural model to Third World nations, to which the model was inadequately transferred, resulting in less-than-maximum benefits.