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Erythrocyte (RBC) copper chaperone for Cu,Zn Superoxide Dismutase (CCS) levels increase in copper‐deficient cattle

Copper (Cu) deficiency can lead to hypochromic anemia and immune dysfunction. Bovine Cu deficiency is often undiagnosed due to limitations in current status indicators. We examined CCS as a potential Cu‐status indicator in the bovine, as it has been shown to increase in liver and RBCs of Cu‐deficient rats and mice. Weanling calves were randomized to one of 3 diets: Cu adequate (Cu+; n = 6), Cu deficient (Cu−; n = 8), and Cu deficient + manganese, Mn (Cu−+Mn; n = 7). After 190 days, liver Cu concentrations were 208 ± 39, 6.9 ± 1.5, and 5.2 ± 1.5 for the Cu+, Cu−, and Cu−+Mn groups, respectively. Western blot analyses indicate that RBC CCS levels were 63% higher (P < 0.05) in the Cu− calves compared to the Cu+ calves. To examine if RBC CCS levels respond to inflammation, 11 yearling heifers were given a Mannheimia haemolytica vaccination, and blood samples were taken for the next 4 days. Inflammation was confirmed by increased plasma ceruloplasmin concentrations, but RBC CCS levels did not change. We conclude that RBC CCS protein levels increase in Cu‐deficient calves and do not exhibit acute‐phase properties.