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Airway anomalies in newborn infants: detection by tracheoscopy via endotracheal tube.

In 6 of 24 infants studied (27th-40th weeks of gestation), acquired and congenital structural anomalies of the airways were detected with an ultrathin flexible fiberscope (Olympus PF18 S, 1.8 mm). Introduction of the fiberscope via a modified four-way T-adapter enabled us to continue artificial ventilation without interrupting oxygen flow or positive pressure ventilation. Tube position, mucus accumulation and partial tube obstruction were determined quickly at the infants' bedside, when problems in artificial ventilation arose.