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AN ENSEMBLE STUDY OF WET SEASON CONVECTION IN THE SOUTH WEST AMAZON : KINEMATICS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR DIABATIC HEATING

A number of previous studies have shown that the vertical distribution of diabatic heating, within tropical mesoscale precipitation systems (MCSs) can show considerable temporal and spatial variability (e.g., Houze 1989). Because general circulation models (GCM’s) and numerical weather forecast models cannot explicitly resolve the diabatic effects resulting from MCSs, these processes must be parameterized. The Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) was conceived in part to obtain a more accurate depiction of the four-dimensional distribution of diabatic (especially latent) heating across the global Tropics in order to improve modeling the tropical general circulation (Simpson et al. 1988). The goal of this study is to examine the spectrum of convection sampled in southwest Amazonia during the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission Large Scale Biosphere-Atmosphere Experiment in Amazonia (TRMM-LBA) and quantify differences in kinematic and inferred diabatic heating structure across the ensemble of precipitation features that were sampled during the field program. Dual-Doppler radar syntheses are used to derive kinematic and diabatic heating characteristics of precipitation systems that were observed in January and February 1999 near Rondônia, Brazil during periods of low-level easterly flow (East Regime ER) and low-level westerly flow (West Regime WR). Previous studies have shown that the ER and WR are forced by changes in the large scale patterns over South America and the position of the south Atlantic convergence zone (Rickenbach et al. 2002; Petersen et al. 2002). In the ER, convection typically occurs in high convective available potential energy (CAPE) and vertical shear environments and is more vertically developed and electrified compared to the WR (Cifelli et al. 2002; Halverson et al. 2002; Petersen et al. 2002).