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A resonance-bending mode magnetoelectric-coupling equivalent circuit

Magnetoelectric (ME) coupling equivalent circuits for L-T (longitudinal magnetization and transverse polarization), L-L (longitudinal magnetization and longitudinal polarization), and C-C (circumferential magnetization and circumferential polarization) modes have been developed for laminated ME composites in prior reports. Here, we report the modeling of laminated magnetostrictive/piezoelectric bilayer composites operated in bending mode. By introducing the concept of mechanical voltage and mechanical current, a bending-mode ME coupling equivalent circuit was developed, which is useful to predict the ME coefficients in the region around the resonance frequency.