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Heritage in and as diplomacy: a practice based study

ABSTRACT While heritage has been an important topic in international relations for decades, little attention has been paid to studying and understating its role in diplomacy. Yet, not only does heritage play an important role in cultural diplomacy, but there is also another type of diplomacy, often overlooked by scholars and practitioners alike – heritage diplomacy. Although it isn’t widely acknowledged, activities that constitute heritage diplomacy are important tools in cultivating soft power, and many countries ‘use’ them. Several countries decided to incorporate heritage into their diplomatic relations, thus using it in diplomacy, while others go beyond that, actively using heritage to support their foreign policy, thus using it as diplomacy. Because of that, this article will examine several cases of such practice in order to explore the different uses of heritage in diplomacy, and provide a practice based theoretical framework for understanding these uses.