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Activity Patterns of Canada Geese during Winter

I T is common knowledge that activity patterns of wild geese are correlated with weather conditions. Geese usually fly to feeding areas in the early morning and late afternoons but undertake increased flight activity throughout the day when it is stormy. In conjunction with a study of social behavior and local movements of Canada Geese (Brunta canadensis) during winter (Raveling, 1969a-c; 1970) exact times of flight activities of a large wintering flock were recorded almost daily for two seasons. Specific records of times of flights were also available from radio-marked geese of known age, sex, and social class (i.e., family, pair, single). This paper documents the activity rhythms of a large winter flock of Canada Geese and of some specific individuals within that flock, and the environmental features associated with goose activity. Such knowledge is necessary for understanding the ecological relationships associated with an animal’ s activity and can usually be utilized in management of exploited species.