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Potential Link between Untreated Bipolar Disorder and Poor Outcomes during Pregnancy

It is understood that drugs administered to sufferers of bipolar disorder during pregnancy might increase the probability of complications during gestation or birth. Research has now been published in the BMJ suggesting that expectant mothers with the disorder are more likely to experience premature labor or give birth to infants with growth abnormalities, even if the women remain untreated. Scientists from Uppsala University (Sweden) and the Karolinska Institutet (Solna, Sweden) undertook an analysis of data from three national databases. Two of the registers covered drug prescriptions and births in Sweden between 2005 and 2009, while the third included patient information from 1997 to 2009. Using the patients’ identification numbers given on each register, the researchers were able to collate and compare the information. From this data, they were able to find records of 320 mothers who had received treatment for bipolar disorder during pregnancy, and 554 mothers who remained untreated. The researchers compared the results of these pregnancies to the 331,263 unaffected mothers who gave birth during that time period, adjusting for factors such as weight, maternal age and substance abuse. The results of the data analysis highlight a significant statistical difference between the outcome of births from women with or without bipolar disorder, whether or not they were treated with mood-stabilizing drugs during pregnancy. According to the data set, women with bipolar disorder are approximately 50% more likely to have experienced preterm birth, induced birth or a cesarean delivery compared with women without bipolar disorder. Induced and cesarean deliveries occurred in 37.5, 30.9 and 20.7% of births for treated women with bipolar disorder, untreated women with bipolar disorder and women without bipolar disorder, respectively. Preterm births occurred in 8.1, 7.6 and 4.8% of cases, respectively. Furthermore, untreated women were shown to be statistically more likely to give birth to children with growth abnormalities. It was found that 3.9% of the untreated women gave birth to a microcephalic infant, while 2.3% of