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Ions in the cell of the dissipative optical superlattice: cooling, trapping and Coulomb cluster formation

On the basis of numerical simulations and analytical calculations it is proved that the dissipative optical superlattice induced by the rectified gradient force is able to create and trap cold ion Coulomb clusters. In contrast to our previous work (2014 Opt. Commun. 312 192), in the present paper, we do not use the approximation of slow ions (SI), but take into account the non-conservative nature of the trapping force in the optical superlattice as well as the velocity dependence of the friction coefficient of ions and multiplicative nature of the quantum fluctuations of optical forces. It is shown that these factors significantly affect both the formations conditions of the ion Coulomb clusters and their characteristics. It is also demonstrated that their consequences can be well-described by the renormalized SI model. In this model, the electric ion charge is replaced by the effective charge which depends on the light field parameters.