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Effect of high fat diet on inflammatory markers and bone morphological microstructure in growing male mice

This study examined the change in inflammation makers and morphological microstructure of bones in mice fed on high‐fat diet. Four‐week‐old C57BL/6J male mice were divided into 2 groups: the control group was fed 10% kcal fat diet, and the high‐fat diet group was fed 45% kcal fat diet for 12 weeks. Inflammation markers were measured by using ELISA kits and microcomputed tomography (micro‐CT) was used to measure the morphological microstructure of the femoral bone. Leptin and IL‐6 levels were significantly higher in the high‐fat diet group (p < 0.01). Oosteocalcin was not significantly different between groups; however type I collagen C‐telopeptide was significantly higher in the high‐fat diet group (p < 0.01). The thickness of bone trabecula was significantly reduced in the high‐fat diet group as compared to the control group (p < 0.05), and the gap within the bone trabecula was significantly wider in the high‐fat diet group (p < 0.05). A positive correlation (p < 0.05) was observed between IL‐6 levels and the gap within the bone trabecula. These results showed that obesity induction in mice by feeding high‐fat diet during the growth phase resulted in a change in the bone microstructure and showed that bone microstructure was correlated with inflammation index. Therefore, restriction of excessive fat intake may be required to suppress inflammation reactions and promote normal bone formation.