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Indo-Caribbean Indenture: Resistance and Accommodation, 1838–1920 (review)

accused rebels. Childs carefully extracts from these documents details about the lives of the rebels and the institutions that helped catalyze their participation in the uprisings. The most compelling evidence that authorities used to convict Aponte was his fascinating “book of drawings.” The sketches in it that were most alarming to colonial ofacials were his depictions of Haitian revolutionaries, maps of Havana’s fortiacations, and images of blacks defeating whites in battle. Although the book of drawings has not been found, Childs’ attention to the discussion of its contents in the criminal records, combined with other evidence, illustrates the ideologies that inspired the liberation movement. Childs’ prodigious research refutes Stephan Palmié’s claim in Wizards and Scientists: Explorations in Afro-Cuban Modernity and Tradition (Durham, 2002) that Aponte’s role in the rebellion was based more on historians’ fascination with the image of the slave rebel than on actual evidence. Although Childs cannot prove that Aponte was the leader of the uprisings, nor armly establish that the rebellions were part of a coordinated island-wide conspiracy, he nevertheless provides revealing documentation about Aponte’s involvement in the Havana uprising Readers of this journal might have wanted Childs to provide an explication of his key theoretical categories, such as “ethnicity” and “identity.” For example, his reasons for applying the term “ethnicity” to African political and cultural formations, contrary to documents from the era that refer to them as “nations,” are unclear. This lack of a justiacation for Childs’ theoretical tools overlooks the ways scholars have grappled with the utility of these analytical categories in recent years. However, these shortcomings do not detract from Childs’ contributions. The 1812 Aponte Rebellion is a passionately written book that will prove to be a valuable contribution to slavery studies, as well as to the historiography of Cuba and the African diaspora.