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Outlook for Implementation

This chapter explores some implications of the book's framework in terms of how to implement and discharge duties of ecological justice, as for example in terms of ecological citizenship. The book presents an account of global non-ranking biocentric distributive ecological/interspecies justice to wild nonhuman beings. Based on this theoretical framework, the human takeover of the Earth's ecological space — its resources, ecosystem benefits, and actual spaces — that ultimately leads to species extinctions constitutes an injustice; it should be discussed and responded to as a matter of justice. Duties of global justice are held collectively by humanity and thus need to be acted upon collectively via political institutions. But these duties are not held equally globally due to different historical and present responsibilities for the injustices at hand. Discharging duties of distributive interspecies justice becomes a matter of just implementation which in turn is driven by intra-social justice considerations.