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One-Dimensional Reynolds Average Navier-Stokes Model for Submerged Canopies

In the 21st century, the shift towards a sustainable environment has greatly risen. The result of global warming and climate change has become very devastating. This paper focuses on carrying out numerical modelling for submerged vegetation. The use of vegetative lining is a cost effective and sustainable material for open channels and coastal regions. Given its high practical importance, scientists over the years have devised several methods of studying flow behaviour of vegetation. In this study the numerical model is applied to various authors from literature to predict 1-D turbulent flow through submerged canopies with flexible and rigid vegetation type. The research focuses on applying the 3D RANS model and verifying its application to real life scenarios. 220 numerical simulations were carried out for rigid vegetation from eight (8) different authors found in literature and 225 numerical simulations for flexible vegetation from eleven (11) different authors of which are experimental results. The estimated mean velocity values are compared to the actual measured results. The errors are determined using the Normalized Root Mean Square Deviation (NRMSD) method and are found to be allowable values for good modelling practice. The variation of hydraulic parameters produced significant effects on the turbulent kinetic energy and vertical streamwise mean velocity.