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A Systematic Methodology to Modify Color Images for Dichromatic Human Color Vision and its Application in Art Paintings

This paper introduces a systematic methodology to perform image recoloring for color-blind people that suffer from dichromacy, i.e. protanopia, deuteranopia, and tritanopia. The method is applied in digitized art paintings to alleviate accessibility problems related to art content consumption by the color-blind people, which is a very important issue. The methodology involves the RGB, the LMS, and the CIELab color spaces and comprises several steps implemented in sequence. To reduce the computational complexity, the colors of the original image are clustered. Each cluster center is a color. By using a standard technique, the cluster centers are transformed to simulate the effects of protanopia, deuteranopia, and tritanopia. To this end, a specialized objective function is minimized to recolor only the cluster centers that are significantly different from the respective simulated ones, because only these colors are confused by the color-blind. Finally, all colors of the original image belonging to the clusters associated with centers that have been recolored are appropriately recolored, also. The effectiveness of the proposed method is quantified in terms of comparative analysis over several experimental cases.