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Articles of Significant Interest Selected from This Issue by the Editors

The speed of molecular evolution is linked to virus mutation frequency. Using a recombinant Ebola virus (EBOV) carrying the GFP gene along with deep-sequencing analysis, Alfson et al. (p. 2345– 2355) determined that the mutation frequency for EBOV without negative selection is 4.1 10 4 mutations per nucleotide sequenced. This frequency is similar to that of other RNA viruses and suggests a high potential for adaptation. Other viruses exhibit dramatically reduced fitness associated with minor changes in mutation frequency. For EBOV, the mutagenic drug ribavirin increased mutation frequency 27-fold and reduced infectivity. In animals, ribavirin improved outcome following infection with lethal doses of EBOV. These findings illustrate the potential therapeutic value of modifying EBOV mutation frequency.