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Tourism Potential in West Beach Coastal Area of Banten Province Based on Land Use Spatial Pattern

The west beach coastal area of Banten province is very productive. Local governments use this area for various development activities, tourism in particular. This study aims to determine the tourism potential of the west coast of Banten Province based on the spatial pattern of land use by local regulations. Thus, the development of coastal tourism can develop in an integrated and sustainable manner. The research methodology used is literature study, interviews, field verification, spatial analysis (Arc-GIS), and policy analysis based on the Banten Province Spatial Plan. Based on policy analysis related to regional spatial planning in Banten Province, there are three strategic tourism areas on the west coast, including; (a) Sumur Beach corridor, (b) Pandeglang West Coast corridor (Carita-Cigeulis), and (c) Serang West Coast Corridor (Anyer-Cinangka). The West Coast Corridor of The criteria for the physical type of beach suitable for tourism activities is wide beaches, not rocky, freshwater, and far from the highway. The west coast corridor area these criteria is the Serang West Coast Corridor (Anyer - Cinangka), precisely at Anyer Beach and Anyer Kidul Beach.


Introduction
The west beach coastal area of Banten province is very productive. This area is also the center of various development activities, one of which is tourism activities. The contribution of the tourism industry in coastal areas is very significant. On the other hand, the west coast area of Banten Province is also very vulnerable to hazards and disasters. The Tsunami in the Sunda Strait on December 22, 2018, caused economic losses of up to hundreds of billions in the tourism sector [1]. Another problem on the west coast of Banten province is related to the use of coastal space. The development of tourism facilities and infrastructure along the coastline (example: Anyer Beach, Carita Beach, Labuhan Beach, Panimbang Beach, Tanjung Lesung Beach, Sumur Beach, Sumur Beach, and Ciputih Beach and Pantai Jaya Park) that do not consider hazards and disasters. The development of coastal areas, for example, is the construction of hotels and restaurants on the coast of tidal regions. The impact is causing the loss of ecological (biological, physical) and socio-cultural functions of coastal areas. Coastal areas and oceans are shared resources (public good). So we have to manage them sustainably [2].
The rapid development and development of tourism have a swift impact on damage to the coastal environment. Coastal areas are damaged because the construction carried out is not by the principles 2 of sustainable development. Thus, research on tourism potential is essential. In particular, the potential for natural tourism objects on the west coast of Banten Province follows the provisions of the regional government's land use spatial pattern regulations. Natural resources are the fundamental and primary capital in implementing tourism activities on the west coast of Banten province, which is famous for its natural coastal tourism.
This study aims to determine the potential of nature tourism on the west beach coastal area of Banten province based on the spatial pattern of land use. So that with this research, it is possible to develop integrated and sustainable coastal tourism following the regional spatial plan (RTRW) pattern, which integrates every interest in proportionality between environmental aspects, socio-cultural aspects, and economic aspects as well as all aspects of the environment. Actors (stakeholders) in the development of the tourism industry. Including considering the safety factor of visitors is very important in carrying out tourism activities to avoid danger and disaster [3].

Method
The location of research activities is on the west coast of Banten Province. This location is in two regencies, namely Pandeglang Regency and Serang Regency. The research period is four months, starting from January to April 2020.

Data collection technique
Data collection techniques include library research, interviews, and field verification. The first step in this research is a literature study carried out by studying and reviewing various documents related to the research objectives. Furthermore, conducting interviews with local agencies and the community to obtain initial information and data related to the research objectives. The next step is field verification based on the results of data information obtained previously. Table 1 describes the goals, types of data, sources, and methods in the research.

Data Analysis
Content analysis and comparison methods are a way to identify areas designated for nature tourism on the west coast of Banten province. The analysis stage is in the form of an inventory of policies (laws, regional spatial plans, regional zoning plans, regional tourism development plans). Content analysis is a research method used to interpret the meaning in written data [4]. The steps taken are (1) Summarizing and selecting the main points related to the policy of determining the designation of natural tourism areas in the west beach coastal area of Banten province, (2) Tabulation data related to the policy on the designation of natural tourism areas in the west beach coastal area of Banten province so that it is organized and structured in a pattern of relationships that is increasingly easy to understand; (3) Drawing conclusions and verification is the last stage in the analysis [5].
Meanwhile, a comparative analysis is an analytical technique that aims to compare the conditions of two or more policy groups. This comparative analysis technique depends on the type of data scale and the number of groups [6], comparative analysis of the rules related to the problem at hand, and the theory explained, to find correlations between existing policies [7]. In this study, the comparative analysis examines the two most strategic central policies, namely the Regional Regulation on Regional Spatial Planning and the Regional Tourism Development Master Plan. These two regional regulations determine the designation of tourism areas on the west coast of Banten province, which is the basis for data collection in this study.
Descriptive analysis stage, after the activity of data inventory of potential physical, biological, social, and cultural resources of the community. Data inventory activities using literature study, interviews, and field verification methods. The scope of the inventory of data on the potential of natural tourism resources on the west coast of the province of Banten, namely the location of the allotment of the natural tourism area of the west coast of the province of Banten obtained from the results of content analysis and comparative analysis.
The final stage is spatial analysis with the technique of overlapping (overlay). This technique is the primary method of analyzing data on maps [8]. The overlay technique uses a spatial analysis procedure by collecting basic maps (including administrative maps, land use maps, RTRW maps) and coordinates of tourist attraction objects. This data is to build a database on the GIS to make it easier to carry out the analysis process for the next stage [9]. The shape of an area (polygon) on the map comes from the parameter data obtained in points [10]. This Geographical information system serves as a bridge of information to the general public to determine the condition of a region [11].

Policies Related to the Designation of Natural Tourism Areas on the West Beach Coastal Area of
Banten Province Policies related to nature tourism on the west coast of the province of Banten were reviewed, with content analysis and comparisons through the literature study method. The data relating to the policies studied are mainly regional regulations in Regional Spatial Plans and Master Plans for Regional Tourism Development (Banten Province, Pandeglang Regency, and Serang Regency). region. Drawing conclusions and verifying field data are essential to carry out an inventory of objects and tourist attractions found on the west coast of Banten province. Table 3 shows that there are two of tourism, namely nature tourism and historical and cultural tourism. The results of field verification show that the number and types of tourist attraction objects are diverse. Natural tourism objects and attractions in the west coast corridor of Serang (Anyer-Cinangka) are pretty varied, including nine beaches. Historical tourism is building a lighthouse, and historical tourism has ten potential artistic attractions. The West Coast Corridor of Pandeglang (Carita-Cigeulis) has natural attractions in the form of seven beaches and twelve artistic attractions as cultural tourism. At the same time, the Sumur beach corridor has six natural tourism objects and attractions and eight arts attractions as objects of cultural tourism attraction.  Historical tourism in the west coast corridor of Serang (Anyer-Cinangka) is the Lighthouse. Meanwhile, the types of cultural tourism in Banten Province are in the form of various art attractions, including; debus, ubrug, patingtung, shaman, beluk, flying gede, wawacan, mawalan, rampak drum, tasyakuran sea, segeng, calung together, angklung rancak, terebang deken, terebang Tandak, gendreh, dodod, terebang gedebug, dance ronggeng, maulud long, marhaban, dalail, sorogan, yalil, sheikh reading, rudat, pencak silat, and takbir body drum. Cultural diversity and native arts attractions of Banten can be developed and become products to support natural tourism activities on the west beach coastal area of Banten province.   Table 4 shows the physical typology of natural tourism objects and attractions on the west coast of Banten Province. Physical typology, the length of the coastline is between 1-3 meters, the width of the coastline is between 9-45 meters. The tidal range of the beach at low tide is 5-17 meters. The width of the beach tourism activities ranges from 3-30 meters, and the distance from the beach to the highway is between 75-500 meters.

The suitability of the policy on the spatial pattern of allotment of natural tourism areas in the west coast of Banten Province
The results of the measurement of the physical typology of the coast are in table 4; then conclude the suitability category of coastal areas for tourism activities based on the type of physical typology in table 5. Suitable tourist beaches are beaches that have or are close to the physical typology of wide beaches, not rocky, groundwater tasteless, and far from the highway. Meanwhile, tourist beaches that are not suitable are beaches that approach the physical typology of narrow, rocky beaches, brackish  [12]. The criteria for the width of the beach for tourism are; (a) Width, for tourist beaches that have a beach width of more than (>) 15 meters; (b) Narrow, for tourist beaches that have a beach width of less than (<) 15 meters. There are two criteria for distance to the beach, namely: (a) Far if the distance from the beach to the highway is more than (>) 150 meters, (b) Close if the distance from the beach to the highway is less than (<) 150 meters. Table 5. Types of suitable and unsuitable physical typologies of natural tourism objects on the west coast of Banten province.
Based on the data and processing in tables 4 and 5 related to the suitability of the physical typology of the coast, the objects of natural coastal tourist attraction in the west beach coastal area of Banten province there are appropriate and less suitable. The west coast of the Serang (Anyer-Cinangka) corridor has a physical typology suitability coastal tourism is Anyer beach and Anyer Kidul beach. Both of these beaches have a beach width of 30 meters, not rocky, freshwater, and the distance from the beach to the highway is 250 meters. Meanwhile, the West Coast Corridor of Pandeglang (Carita - Banten Province Government policies related to the determination of strategic tourism areas from the results of content analysis and comparisons, there are three main corridor areas for development. The results of field verification related to the suitability of the physical typology of the beach for tourism activities, there is unsuitability with the policy on the determined land use spatial pattern. This problem often arises in the development of a site. The use of space in the west coast region emphasizes economic goals, has not fully considered environmental aspects, the growth of tourism facilities, and infrastructure development along the coastline. So it requires reconsideration because spatial planning will affect tourism area planning which is the core of all tourism development planning. The December 22, 2018, Tsunami that hit the west coast of Banten Province and parts of Lampung Province caused many casualties and infrastructure damage due to the tsunami disaster. How important it is to have a safe space for tourism activities. Regional resilience to the threat of natural disasters will not prevent humans from the danger of death. Still at least reduce the number of victims who suffer if development pays attention to environmental, hazard, and disaster aspects. Control of space utilization is necessary so that the existing spatial plan does not violate the rules and is by the spatial plan. The map of the suitability of the designation of the west coast tourism area of Banten province becomes a reference for local governments in monitoring the evaluation of conformity between the natural tourism development plan and the regional spatial plan. Thus, the 10 development of the tourism industry can run in an integrated and sustainable manner, including the implementation of policies that integrate every interest with a balance (proportionality) between environmental, socio-cultural, and economic aspects. The visitor safety factor is also an essential consideration in managing tourism to avoid hazards and disasters.

Conclusion
The policy of the Banten provincial government in determining the spatial pattern of allotment of strategic tourism areas in the west coast of Banten province consists of 3 (three) regions, namely the Serang West Coast Corridor (Anyer-Cinangka), the Pandeglang West Coast Corridor (Carita-Cigeulis), and well beach corridor. Each of these corridors has the potential for nature tourism in the form of beaches. The criteria for the type of physical typology of beaches suitable for tourism activities are wide beaches, not rocky, fresh groundwater, and far from highways. Based on these criteria, the potential for natural tourism along the corridors of the west coast of Banten province is suitable and not suitable. Potential beaches in the west coast corridor of Serang (Anyer-Cinangka), with physical typology suitability for coastal tourism, are Anyer beach and Anyer Kidul beach. Both of these beaches have a beach width of 30 meters, not rocky, freshwater, and the distance from the beach to the highway is 250 meters. Meanwhile, the West Coast Corridor of Pandeglang (Carita-Cigeulis) and the Sumur Beach Corridor have a physical typology of beaches unsuitable for beach tourism.