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Electrokinetic chromatography using thermodynamically stable vesicles and mixed micelles formed from oppositely charged surfactants.

The electrokinetic chromatography (EKC) of a novel mixed surfactant system consisting of oppositely charged surfactants, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and n-dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide (DTAB), was investigated. The chromatographic characteristics of large liposome-like spontaneous vesicles and rodlike mixed micelles formed from the mixture were explored and compared with those of SDS micelles. Separations of a series of n-alkylphenones showed that the spontaneous vesicles provided about a 2 times wider elution window than SDS micelles. Both vesicle and mixed micelle systems were found to provide larger methylene selectivity than SDS. The different elution order of a group of nitrotoluene geometric isomers with DTAB/SDS spontaneous vesicles and SDS micelles pseudostationary phases suggested the possibility of different separation mechanisms with these two systems. Comparisons of polar group selectivity, retention, and efficiency were made between vesicles, mixed micelles, and SDS micelles. The correlation between the logarithms of the retention factors (log k') and octanol-water partition coefficients (log P(ow)) for a group of 20 neutral compounds was also studied with DTAB/SDS vesicles. Spontaneous vesicles have great potential as a pseudostationary phase in electrokinetic chromatography.