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[A study of insulin sensitivity and its related factors in patients with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose tolerance].

In order to evaluate insulin sensitivity and its related factors in abnormal glucose tolerance, 572 cases of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), 647 cases of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and 543 normal controls were studied. The results showed that fasting insulin levels (FIns) and the prevalence of hyperinsulinemia were higher in NIDDM than that in IGT and higher in IGT than that in normal controls (P < 0.01). Insulin sensitivity index (ISI) [-ln(FInx x fasting blood glucose)] ranked from high to low in the order of normal controls, IGT subjects, newly-diagnosed NIDDM patients and patients with known NIDDM (P < 0.01). In each group ISI was smaller in obese subjects or patients than in non-obese ones. Mono-factor analysis demonstrated that ISI in each group was negatively related to body mass index (BMI) and positively related to high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol. ISI in NIDDM and IGT group was negatively related to blood pressure. Multiple analysis showed that the ISI had significantly negative correlation with BMI and some correlation with blood pressure and blood lipids. In conclusion, the patients with abnormal glucose tolerance had hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance. ISI was related to some risk factors of vascular diseases.