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[Variations in birth weight as a function of various fetal and maternal characteristics. The application to the diagnosis of hypotrophy].

The known variations in weight for gestational age as well as compounding maternal and/or fetal factors, puts into question the usual definition of small for gestational age (SGA) which is based on gestational age alone. On the basis of more than 20,000 births studied in 4 maternity hospitals from 3 separate regions in France, the authors propose a new definition for growth retardation in full-term babies, taking into account 4 factors: gestational age, sex, birth rank, height and usual weight of mothers. This definition allows constitutionally SGA newborns to be considered normal, while some babies previously classified as normal would now lead one to suspect intra-uterine growth retardation (IUGR). This approach tries to take constitutional and environmental risk factors into account in fetal growth hopefully allowing for help better detection of IUGR.