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Letter from the Guest Editor

The articles included in this theme issue ofthe Transactional Analysis Journal explore the usefulness oftransactional analysis for conceptualizing and treating the effects of trauma and for supporting and enhancing resilience. The themes are recursively interlinked because resilience is related to positive, ongoing interpersonal support (Werner & Smith, 1982), and amelioration and healing of trauma's effects involve the same (Siegel, 1999,2003). The focus of the articles presented here ranges widely. Some take a broad perspective regarding how individuals trained in transactional analysis can help to remedy the effects of trauma at the societal, cultural, and ethnic levels through concern for healing the harm that has occurred between or within smaller social groups such as communities and families. Others focus more closely on how to repair injury to a person's sense of self and the loss of trust in others that often results from an abusive dyadic relationship. The first article in this issue, "Transactional Analysis Holds Promise for Healing Trauma and Building Resilience at a Societal Level," is a transcription ofthe opening speech given by Nozizwe Madlala-Routledge at the World Transactional Analysis Conference in Johannesburg, South Africa, in August 2008. Madlala-Routledge, deputy minister of health in South Africa from 2004 to mid2007 and currently deputy speaker of Parliament, refers to her experience ofattending, as a government representative, her country's Truth and Reconciliation Commission, led by Bishop Desmond Tutu. The women of Durban were describing the trauma they had experienced during the struggle that led to the abolishment ofapartheid and the establishment ofa new, more egalitarian constitution and more positive social structures. Madlala-Routledge acknowledges the negative impact ofsociopolitical and interethnic trauma on the mental and physical health of individuals and groups. She addresses the need for both clinicians and political leaders who understand that past traumas adversely affect well-being at all social levels and who will work together to enhance the positive functioning ofpersons, families, and communities. She points to the presence, in the transactional analysis community, ofprofessionals with a wide range ofexpertise and suggests that individuals with the skills identified with transactional analysis could, in collaboration with others, do much to help alleviate trauma's effects at multiple levels. In their article, "An Ethnopsychiatric Approach to Healing Trauma in Involuntary Immigrants and Torture Victims: A Clinical Case," Cristina Caizzi and Simona Ciambellini present a case example that demonstrates their therapeutic work with an involuntary immigrant who experienced torture. They describe how their work is structured to provide interpersonal support for the clinicians who undertake this challenging work and how they integrate other professional and informal (family, community) workers into their therapeutic program in order to nurture the successful "transplanting" oftheir client from her home, family, community, and nation oforigin to her new communal and cultural context. Marco Mazzetti, in "Trauma and Migration: A Transactional Analytic Approach toward Refugees and Torture Victims," presents the theoretical framework that underlies Caizzi and Ciambellini's work as well as his own. As the architect of this model, he explains how his approach to working with immigrants is grounded in transactional analytic constructs, beginning with applying an "I'm OK, You're OK" stance at the cultural level through assigning equal value to the person's native culture and that of the host country. Mazzetti's attention to the need for interpersonal, family, community, and cultural support for individuals who have been involuntarily and precipitously severed from all ofthese highlights the need to remember that clients come to clinicians for support on a contractual, time-limited basis. That contract relates to helping them heal in order to find ways to reconnect successfully with their natural support systems (Kegan, 1982). In extreme cases, such as