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Extraction of Wave Propagation Mechanisms in a Cut-Wire Array Using the ESPRIT Algorithm

We apply the ESPRIT algorithm to extract and study the wave propagation mechanisms in a cut-wire array. The propagation and attenuation constants of each propagating mode are extracted. The resulting dominant mode behavior agrees well with Rotman's theory for infinitely long wires at high frequencies and the cut-wire theory at low frequencies. As expected from periodic structures theory, different Bloch modes (with the relevant fundamental and high-order Floquet harmonics) are detected. The approach is tested on both simulation and laboratory measurement data and then applied to in situ forest measurement data at HF/VHF frequencies.