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Modification of the Carbon Fiber Surface by Oxygen Plasma and its Influence on Adhesion Strength in Acrylate-Based Composites Cured by Electron Beam and Ultra Violet Light

Oxygen plasma was used to modify the surface properties of carbon fibers and their adhesion strength with an acrylate resin cured by electron beam. A characterization of the surface topography and the surface chemistry was carried out (topography at a micrometric and nanometric scale, specific surface area, temperature programmed desorption, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy). The topography remained unchanged. Regarding the surface chemistry, carboxylic acids, alcohols, lactones, and ethers were created and their location was at the outer surface of the fibers. A pull-out test was used to measure the adhesion strength with the acrylate resin cured by electron beam. For comparison, an isothermal UV curing was also investigated. The value of the interfacial shear strength was increased only in the case of UV curing. No improvement was observed with electron beam curing, which highlighted the generation of an interphase, the mechanical properties of which are dependent on the processing conditions.