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Imaging findings in diastematomyelia: A rare type of spinal dysraphism

was performed with a 1.5T scanner. The study revealed a split spinal cord due to the presence of an osseous septum from the T5–T9 level. On T2-weighted (T2W) coronal and axial images, the hypointense bony septum was present in the midline extending from the vertebral body anteriorly to abnormally thickened neural arch posteriorly at the T8 level dividing the spinal canal into two separate canals including two hemicords in separate dural sacs (Figs. 1 and 2). The hemicords were again united below the level of the cleft. On T2W axial MR images, both dural sacs showed the posterior defects with herniation of meninges and spinal nerves (Figs. 3a-c). The hemicord on the right showed syringohydromyelia (Fig. 3d). Computed tomography (CT) with bone window settings clearly demonstrated the bony spur (Fig. 4). A final diagnosis of Pang type-I Diastematomyelia was considered. The patient was treated conservatively and follow-up was advised regularly. ABSTRACT Diastematomyelia, also termed as split cord malformation (SCM), is a rare congenital spinal dysraphism in which there is an abnormal sagittal clefting of the spinal canal that causes the cord to split into two hemicords by a fibrous, osseous, or cartilaginous septum. Various vertebral segmental anomalies such as hemivertebrae, butterfly vertebrae, and scoliosis are seen in association with diastematomyelia. Most of the diagnosed cases of diastematomyelia are children under the age of 7 years. Such a spinal anomaly is less frequently diagnosed in adults with female preponderance. We reported a case of diastematomyelia that was diagnosed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in a 23-year-old woman who presented with chronic back pain for 7 years. MRI is the imaging modality of choice for establishing the diagnosis and exploring any associated malformations.