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The Tibetan gCod Ḍamaru—A Reprise: Symbolism, Function, and Difference in a Tibetan Adept's Interpretive Community

In the 1979 special Tibet Issue of Asian Music, a unique article featured a traditional master's written commentary on the symbolic elements and attributes of a drum that is almost exclusively associated with the Tibetan gCod ritual musical-meditation practice. Thirty years later, I pay homage to Rinjing Dorje and Ter Ellingson's original work, expanding upon it following a multisite ethnographic study. I show how practitioners link the gCod ḍamaru's "outer" musical performance with its "inner" meditational performance through symbolic meaning, and how practitioners' meditative experiences and insights about symbolism are shared dynamically within an interpretive community.