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Decoy cells and malignant cells coexisting in the urine from a transplant recipient with BK virus nephropathy and bladder adenocarcinoma

The search for decoy cells (DC) in urine is widely used as screening for BK virus (BKV) reactivation in transplant recipients. BKV cytopathic effect of DC must not be confused with high‐grade urothelial carcinoma. This report presents a case of coexistence of DC and malignant cells in the urine from a transplant recipient with BKV‐associated nephropathy (BKVN) and bladder adenocarcinoma.