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Book Review: Fire from Heaven: The Rise of Pentecostal Spirituality and the Reshaping of Religion in the Twentieth Century

De Ecclesia manuals studying what they say about questions like the papal role in convoking and confirming councils, and noting how few took newer historical research into account. Ways in which the situation changed dramatically in the era of Vatican II are well known, but S.'s chapters on these recent decades are valuable for the way in which they integrate the new contributions coherently into the ongoing development of the idea of council. S. gives good succinct reports on how Congar, Kiing, and Rahner complement traditional juridical treatments with more deeply theological accounts of what a council is (for Kxing, e.g., the council by human convocation is a representation of the Church convoked by God; for Congar, the council is an expression of the Church as a communion of faith). An excellent chapter presents Pope John's own understanding of the council, drawn from several encyclicals, his opening address at the council, and many other statements. The book's longest chapter details what Vatican II itself says about the exercise of collegiality which a council is, especially in Lumen gentium and Christus Dominus. Among valuable chapters on the postconciliar years one discusses the role of the idea of council in some major consensus documents produced in ecumenical dialogues, and the last deals with the ongoing discussion of three contemporary topics, infallibility, reception (which S. sees as a most significant idea), and the interpretation of Vatican II documents. As always, S. details what numerous authors have said with very little comment of his own. The book ends in this same way, with no summary, synthesis, or prognostication. This volume, like the previous three, is meticulous in its detailed handling of sources and encyclopedic in scope; it will stand as a major reference work for years to come.