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New Detectors for X-Ray Metal Thickness Measuring

X-ray thickness measuring instruments provide efficient in-service measurement of metal-roll thickness for metals with atomic numbers Z=12…72, i.e. no changes of technological procedures are required. This method is suitable for use (contactless, does not affect ecology in contrast to isotope one) but is indirect and hence impose certain limitations on the measurement results accuracy especially in case of metal chemical composition and density variations. As isotope sources feature high stability the same characteristics are expected from X-ray based systems. To achieve measurement accuracy that satisfies the demands of industry it was necessary to implement X-ray thickness measurement systems with new type of ionizing radiation detectors - multilayer heterogeneous chambers sensitive to energy. Such a solution provides not only the extension of measured thickness dynamic range but also to correct measurement errors occurred due to X-ray radiation instability as well as to avoid influence of mechanical vibration (so called microphone phenomena) and radiation spectra changes (anode grain recovery and metal atoms deposition on the X-ray tube window) on the measurement accuracy. Practical statistic data obtained during one year remote operation of X-ray thickness measuring system without involvement of staff at production facility manufacturing nonferrous metal rolled products is presented in the paper. As well as experience of this type detectors use for monitoring of pulse X-ray generators' radiation and exposure metering in the process of on-site object examination by means of a.m. X- ray system. Currently it is rather difficult to split roentgenometric and fluoroscopic techniques (1) as in both all newly developed instruments the initial signal processing is based on digital conversion while to simplify the presentation of results obtained by radiometric examination used not only digital values of measured parameter but its graphic presentation that make understanding of obtained results much better. The thickness metering based on X-ray implementation is a typical application of roentgenometric technique. X-ray thickness metering -provides on-line efficient measurement of rolled metals thickness in the range from hundredth of microns (for cupper) up to several centimeters for materials with material effective atomic number Z = 12….72 and does not require changes in technology. This method is suitable for use (contactless, does not affect ecology in contrast to isotope use) but is indirect and hence impose certain limitations on the measurement results accuracy especially in case of metal chemical composition and density variations. As isotope sources feature high stability the same characteristics are expected from X-ray based systems. To achieve required measurement accuracy of the X-ray thickness measurement system the new type ionizing radiation detectors were developed, i.e. sensitive to energy multilayer heterogeneous chambers. Such a solution provides not only the extension of measured thickness dynamic range but also to correct measurement errors occurred due to X-ray radiation instability as well as to avoid influence of radiation spectra changes (anode grain recovery and metal atoms deposition on the X-ray tube window) on the measurement accuracy (2). Similar problems arise in case of reontgenographic examinations even when X-ray film is used as information storage mean; though due to