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Swelling Characteristics of Clay Minerals According to the Ionic Strength in Pore Water

An experiment to evaluate the swelling characteristics during saturation of representative clay minerals, kaolinite, illite, montmorillonite, and bentonite, according to the ionic strength of the pore water, was conducted. The results showed that in distilled water (DW), the average swelling ratios of kaolinite, illite, and bentonite were 10.95%, 12.51%, and 26.60%, respectively. However, montmorillonite exhibited a relatively large swelling ratio of approximately 152.6%. In 1 M brine, kaolinite, illite, and bentonite exhibited swelling ratios of 12.42%, 16.23%, and 21.91%, respectively, while that of montmorillonite was relatively small (0.83%). In the case of the ground containing montmorillonite, a high swelling ratio is expected with an increase in saturation and conductivity.