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Weld Reinforcement Analysis Based on Long-Term Prediction of Molten Pool Image in Additive Manufacturing

Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) has developed rapidly in recent years and has been widely used in industry. Cold Metal Transfer (CMT), a kind of Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW), is widely used in the modeling of thin parts. In the monitoring of CMT process, it is necessary to monitor the weld reinforcement of the deposited layer. It can provide effective alerting for welding and help to improve welding quality. In this paper, the weld reinforcement and the position of molten pool image on the deposited layer are determined by the molten pool visual acquisition system. According to the data of the same direction additive manufacturing experiment, the future molten pool image is predicted by the improved prediction network (PredNet). Meanwhile through a regression network (SERes), the predicted results are regressed to the accurate weld reinforcement information of the deposited layer in advance. The experimental results show that the monitoring system designed in this paper can predict the change of molten pool shape 140ms in advance and the average precision of the weld reinforcement regression is better than 0.3mm. This paper provides the necessary basis for the shape online monitoring and controlling in WAAM process.