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Molecular assessment of the transmissibilities of BSE and scrapie to humans

July, addresses from a molecular point-of-view the question of whether bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) can be transmitted to humans. The results suggest that, in theory, BSE could infect humans but with a very low efficiency comparable to that of the sheep scrapie agent. BSE, scrapie and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) all belong to the group of disease called transmissible spongiform encephalopathies. When an animal (or human) is infected with one of these diseases a protein which is present in all normal animals the PrP or prion protein is induced to accumulate in an abnormal disease-specific form. Some people believe that the infectious agent of these diseases is simply this abnormal form of the PrP protein, which ’replicates’ and causes the infection by interacting with the normal form of the protein thereby inducing it to adopt the abnormality. The Institute’s collaborators in Montana were the first to show that you could mimic this physical conversion of form