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[Differential diagnosis of monoarthritis].

Making the diagnosis of monoarthritis can be quite difficult, because in contrast with polyarthritis just a few clinical data is available and wide diagnostic spectrum is present.The diagnosis of inflammatory rheumatic disease is usually in responsibility of a rheumatologist, but we know from experience that is necessary to carry out the basal differential diagnostic assessment as soon as possible to begin the optimal therapy. General practitioners and orthopaedists are usually first to face this problem.Monoarthritis can be divided into non-inflammatory arthritis where activated osteoarthritis and trauma belongs and inflammatory arthritis, which include gouty arthritis, chondrocalcinosis, infectious arthritis, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, spondylitis, incipient rheumatoid arthritis and many others.The article also focuses on the management of patients with monoarthritis where detailed history, careful clinical joint examination and the nature of arthritis assessment is necessary for differential diagnostic considerations. Our balance sheet further facilitate imaging, arthrocentesis with the analysis of synovial fluid and of course the laboratory examination.