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X‐irradiation attenuates relaxant responses in the rabbit ear artery

1 The relaxant actions of acetylcholine, substance P and calcitonin gene‐related peptide, and the levels of neuropeptide Y and calcitonin gene‐related peptide were assessed in the rabbit central ear artery 1, 4 and 6 weeks after a single dose of 45 Gy X‐irradiation, a dose similar to that used clinically in intraoperative radiotherapy. 2 Relaxant responses induced by acetylcholine and substance P (both endothelium‐dependent) and calcitonin gene‐related peptide (endothelium‐independent) were reduced, and endogenous neuropeptide Y and calcitonin gene‐related peptide levels were unaffected after X‐irradiation. 3 The mechanism(s) by which a single dose of 45 Gy X‐irradiation may selectively damage relaxant, but not direct, contractile responses of the smooth muscle (as we have shown previously) of the rabbit central ear artery are discussed.