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[Effects of antibiotics on the production of prostaglandins by macrophages in vitro].

Many reports have pointed out a relationship between antibiotics and immunity. It has been shown that antibiotics are able to modify polynuclear chemotactism, bacteria phagocytosis by macrophages, lymphocyte proliferation and the production of various cytokines (interleukins I, II...). On the other hand, the immunoregulatory activity of metabolites of arachidonic acid is proposed to explain, in part, these properties. For example it is well established that PGE2 has a negative retro control on Interleukin production by monocytes. Moreover eicosanoids are probably involved in the inflammatory and vasoactive reactions during the septic shock syndrome observed frequently during phagocytosis and bacterial lysis of Gram negative bacteria. Thus it seems interesting to evaluate the antibiotics activity on eicosanoid monocyte production. We have studied the influence of ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, pefloxacin, imipenem, doxycycline, clindamycin and cefadroxil at various concentrations on eicosanoid production by A 13187 calcium ionophore activated mouse peritoneal macrophages (P 388 D1). The analyzed prostaglandins are: 6 keto (PGI2), PGE1, PGE2, F2 alpha, A2, B2, TxB2 et PG D2. All the antibiotics tested show either an inhibiting or a stimulating action on eicosanoid production. These immunomodulatory and pro-inflammatory effects must be considered, together with anti-infectious activity before the prescription of an antibiotic.