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Interaction of carbon nanotubes containing iron catalysts and iron‐based powders with human blood plasma

When nanotubes containing a metallic catalyst enter a living organism through the respiratory apparatus, they may interact with tissue fluid and blood. We describe the estimation of the activity of the catalyst nanoparticles in the interaction with such biomedia in comparison to iron‐based powders. The interaction of iron‐carbon nanotubes, carbonyl iron and iron (III) oxide with human blood and tissue fluid was modelled. The amount of iron released into the biomedia was determined using a spectral photometric method. The nanotubes released almost the same amount of iron into the plasma‐containing media as the carbonyl iron (34.67 mg/0.5 g and 38.92 mg/0.5 g, respectively), despite the fact that the carbonyl iron contained 99.3 wt % iron whereas the nanotubes contained only 33.5 wt %. Carbonyl iron powder interacted with blood plasma 180 times more compared to iron (III) oxide powder. This suggests that α‐iron is assimilated (i.e. it dissolves and gets biotransformed) by blood plasma easier and faster than iron (III) oxide. We conclude that the dominant contribution in the iron released from nanotubes into blood plasma is made by iron (III) oxide. The high concentration of iron (close to that of carbonyl iron) in blood plasma may be ascribed to the nanoscale nature of iron (III) oxide particles.