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ASIC chip for real-time vector quantization of video signals

The demanding computational requirement of a vector quantization (VQ) encoder has hindered the application to real-time video coding. The complexity of the VQ encoder can be greatly reduced by using a multiplicationless image vector quantization (MLIVQ) technique. A real- time vector quantizer architecture implementing this novel algorithm on a single ASIC chip is presented in this paper. Running at a clock rate of 33 MHz and through the use of a three- stage pipeline architecture, the proposed hardware implementation is capable of real-time compression of motion video with 512 X 512 pixels per frame at a refreshing rate of 30 frames per second. As compared with traditional full-search VQ, the MLIVQ technique shows a big reduction in hardware complexity while introducing an insignificant degradation in picture quality.