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The Immature Granulocyte Count Is a New Predictor of the 30-Day Mortality in Intracerebral Haemorrhage Patients: Preliminary Study


Objectives Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) accounts for 10 to 20% of all types of stroke and is associated with high mortality and morbidity rates. Neuroinflammation caused by intracerebral blood includes resident microglia activation, infiltration of systemic immune cells, and production of cytokines, chemokines, extracellular proteases, and reactive oxygen species. Despite several findings demonstrating that an immature granulocyte (IG) count can be a prognostic indicator as an inflammatory parameter in many diseases, no studies conducted on ICH patients are available in the literature. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between the 30-day mortality rate and the IG count obtained at the time of admission in ICH patients.
Methods Demographic characteristics and laboratory test results of patients, who were diagnosed with ICH and hospitalized accordingly upon arrival at the emergency ward in our tertiary care hospital in the period from January 2019 and December 2019, were recorded. The endpoint of the study was the examination of the relationship between the short-term mortality (within 30 days after hospitalization) and the IG count at admission.
Results Seventy patients, who met the inclusion criteria, were included in the study. Of these patients, 40 (57.1%) were males and the mean age was 68.04 ± 13.08 years. Patients with poor prognosis had higher IG counts (p = 0.001). The 30-day mortality rate was 33.3% (11/33) in the high IG count (≥0.6) group and 5.4% (2/37) in the low IG count (< 0.6) group (p = 0.004). In the regression analysis, we found out a significant relationship of the IG count to the 30-day mortality, with an odds ratio of 5.157(95% CI = 0.914–29.087, p = 0.029).
Conclusion An IG count can be obtained from a simple full blood count, is easy to apply, does not result in extra costs, and is used as a marker to predict the 30-day prognosis.