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Multifield Coupled Dynamics Model of Resonant Carbon Nanotube Mass Sensor Based on Nonlocal Elastic and Electromagnetic Effects

Resonant mass sensors based on carbon nanotube (CNT) can measure the mass of individual molecules or atoms, and have broad application prospects in biological, medical, chemical, and physical research. Performance of CNT resonator depends on coupling of the multiphysical fields and nonlocal effects. Here, the equation of the nonlocal electromagnetic effects in the CNT is deduced. Combining it with the nonlocal elastic theory, a multifield coupled dynamics model for CNT resonant mass sensor with molecular adsorption is established. Using the model, effects of nonlocal elastic parameter, nonlocal electromagnetic parameter, molecular force, electromagnetic force, size parameters of CNTs, the position of adsorption molecules on the natural frequencies, and modes of CNT are studied. Coupled effects of the physical parameters on the natural frequency of the CNT resonator are analyzed. Molecular dynamics simulation of CNT vibration is carried out, and the results are compared with ones of nonlocal model, which illustrates the nonlocal coupled model. Results show that the coupling between the nonlocal elastic parameter and electromagnetic force has a great effect on the natural frequency of the CNT, and the coupling decreases with nonlocal elastic parameter but increases with electromagnetic force.