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Vinorelbine and Cisplatin for the Treatment of Recurrent and/or Metastatic Carcinoma of the Uterine Cervix

Background: To test the clinical activity and toxicity profile of the combination regimen of vinorelbine and cisplatin in a series of patients with carcinoma of the cervix uteri with de novo metastatic disease or recurrent disease after previous therapy. The main aims of the study included analysis of objective response rates, toxicity, and time to progression. Patients and Methods: Forty-two eligible patients were enrolled into the trial and treated with cisplatin 80 mg/m2 on day 1 and vinorelbine 25 mg/m2 on day 1 and 8. This regimen was repeated every 21 days upon resolution of toxicity for 3 cycles before response assessment. Enrolled patients had a median age of 53 years, a median ECOG performance status of 1, and mostly a squamous cell histology (86%). Sixteen patients (38%) were treatment-naive since first diagnosed with widespread metastatic disease, 7% had only previous surgery, 31% radiotherapy, and 24% both radiation and surgical therapy. In previously radiated patients, 21% of patients had disease only within the radiation fields, 21% only outside the radiation fields, and 12% both inside and outside the radiotherapy portals. Results: All patients were evaluable for response analysis. A complete response was achieved in 5 patients (12%), and a partial response in 15 cases (36%) for an overall response rate of 48% (95% CL 22–52%). Patients with recurrent disease within the previous radiation field (including those also with disease outside the radiation fields) showed a 28% overall response rate with no complete response, while patients with disease previously untreated with radiotherapy or with tumour deposits only outside of ratiation portals yielded a 57% overall response rate with a 18% complete response rate. Only 1 out of 8 patients with performance status 2 showed a major response (12%). Median time to progression was 5.6 months (range 2.0–14 months). The median overall survival of the whole series was 9.1 months. Hematological toxicity was the most frequent side-effect. Grade 3 vomiting was recorded in 9 patients (21%), and mild mucositis in 14% of patients. Grade 3 neutropenia was observed in 21% of patients, while grade 4 in 12% of cases with neutropenic fever was seen in 4 cases. Sixteen patients (38%) complained of grade 1–2 constipation, while grade 1–2 peripheral neuropathy was seen in 8 patients (19%). Conclusions: The results achieved in this trial suggest that the combination regimen of vinorelbine and cisplatin may be safely given to patients with metastatic and/or recurrent carcinoma of the uterine cervix. This regimen is active at least in terms of objective response rates. Although satisfactory results are still lacking, these results suggest that the vinorelbine-cisplatin regimen is worthy of further studies and may represent the basis for the development of new active regimens.