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On-chip synthesis of circularly polarized light with a 2D grating emitter

We demonstrate a 2D grating emitter that emits circularly polarized light beam synthesized from a waveguide mode. A micro-heater is integrated to control handedness of the circularly polarized light. The device shows emission efficiency of about 8%, while simulations predict much higher efficiency of 72% with ideal conditions. Such a device could serve as an interface between silicon photonic waveguides and helicity-dependent optoelectronic devices.