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ERAD 2006 Proceedings of Areal homogeneity of ZR-relations

A standard procedure for quantitative rain measurements by radar is to apply R(Z)-relations that are typical for certain geographic areas, and/or seasons. These specific R(Z)relations are usually established on the basis of climatologies of rain gauge data versus simultaneous radar reflectivities (e.g. Michelson and. Koistinen, 2000). Lee and Zawadzki (2006) demonstrated that distrometer-based radar calibration providing the actual R(Z)-relation via the the drop size distribution has the potential to eliminate important calibration uncertainties. The benefit of dynamic R(Z)-relations based on local distrometer measurements depends on the representativeness of such measurements in space and time. Already Doelling et al. (1998) suspected the existence of coherent time intervals tm, during which R(Z) is fairly well defined and significantly different from R(Z)-relations outside of tm. Although the nature of such modes and the physical processes behind it are not yet understood, we investigate here the question, if such modes could be exploited to further improve radar based rainfall estimates. The observation by Clemens et al. (2006) that modes seem to be a general phenomenon rather than an exception suggests that such improvements could be eventually relevant even in operational applications. Clemens et al. (2006) also found that the lifetime of modes spans from fractions of a shower duration (minutes) to several hours. In a first step we consider here only "long term modes" whose lifetime suggests that they are related to some mesoscale atmospheric parameters, and show therefore corresponding spatial extensions. In that case local distrometer measurements could be used to establish mode-specific R(Z)-relations in real time or near real time which would be applicable in extended areas surrounding the distrometer site.