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Expanding the landscape of immunotherapy targets

Cancer
Most searches for druggable tumor-specific antigens (TSAs) start with an examination of peptides derived from protein-coding exons. Laumont et al. took a different approach and found numerous TSAs that derived from aberrant expression of noncoding sequences in murine cell lines and in B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia and lung cancer patient samples. They validated the immunogenicity and efficacy of TSA vaccination for select antigens in mouse models of cancer. Noncoding regions are a potentially rich source of TSAs that could greatly expand the number of targetable antigens across different cancers, including those with low mutational burdens.

Sci. Transl. Med. 10 , eaau5516 (2018).