{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.039783001808318265, 'fraction_numerical': 0.03218806509945751, 'mean_word_length': 5.174107142857143, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
A PHARMACOLOGICAL STUDY OF THE TRPV 1 CAPSAICIN RECEPTOR

2006 1 THEORETICAL BACKGROUND As a result of long-standing contribution of Professor János Szolcsányi, member of Hungarian Academy of Sciences, there has been great history of investigation of capsaicin (N-vanilil-8-methil-6-nonamide, spicy alcaloid of hot pepper) in our Department. According to notes, capsaicin has been widely used in folk medicine over 500 years to cure inflammations and sometimes painful conditions. Capsaicin first excites some primary afferents causing burning pain, followed by desensitization (called analgesy) and at higher concentration it can be neurotoxic Desensitization is subject of intensive research worldwide in a hope to design anti-inflammatory and pain reliever medicines. The term desensitization has two meanings: pharmacological desensitization means the decrease of receptor sensitivity against the agonist, while sensory or functional desensitization means diminution of responsiveness of nerve endings to natural stimuli. Morphological changes like swelling of mitochondria and neurodegeneration has also been observed. The decrease of excitatory effects and elimination of toxicity of any agents acting upon the TRPV1 receptors has primary importance in design of novel pain relievers. The capsaicin-sensitive molecule was denoted by Caterina et al (1997) as VR1 (vanilloid receptor type 1). The receptor is ligang gated, nonselective cationic channel with P Ca :P Na =9:1, activated directly by vanilloids, painful heat (Szállási & Blumberg, 1999) as well as acidic pH (Tominaga et al., 1998). As proposed by Clapham et al (2003), the latest terminology accepted by IUPHAR (International Union of Pharmacology) the capsaicin receptor is called TRPV1 (transient receptor potential vanilloid 1). Cloning of the rat TRPV1 capsaicin receptor (Caterina et al., 1997) was a real breaktrough in research and the molecule immediately generated high interests. Ortoloques of TRPV1 receptor expressed in human (Hayes et al., 2000), rabbit (Gavva et al., 2002), guinea pig (Savidge et al., 2002), mouse (Correll et al., 2004) and dog (Phelps et al., 2005) were also cloned as well. TRPV1 receptor is considered as a polimodal integrative protein to detect thermal and chemical stimuli acting upon a subclass of sensory receptors called polimodal nociceptors (Caterina et al., 2000) and having a critical role in inflammatory hyperalgesia (Davis et al., 2000). TRPV1 receptors identified in the preoptic area of hypothalamus are involved in central control of thermogenesis (Jancsó-Gábor et al., 1970. Szolcsányi et al., 1971). 2 Sensitization of the receptors by protons (pH shift to 6.4 or 5.9) decreases the heat threshold from 43 C° to 37 or 22 C° (Tominaga et al., …