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Compositional Variations and Antibacterial Activities of the Essential Oils of three Melaleuca Species from South Africa

Abstract The leaf oils of three Melaleuca species, M. bracteata var. revolution gold, M. bracteata var. revolution green and M. trichostachya var. compacta from South Africa have been studied for their volatile constituents and bacterial activities. Isolation of the oils were performed through hydrodistillation using a Clevenger apparatus for 4h. Redistillation after 7 h was carried out on the extracted plant material via hydrodistillation method for another 3 h. The compositions of the first distillates were at variance with the second distillates especially with M. trichostachya var. compacta oils. A schematic postulate has been proposed for the rearrangement transformation of some compounds. The chemical profile of oils of M. trichostachya var. compacta has been reported for the first time. The results of zone of inhibition (ZI) and minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) activities of the 6 oils against an array of 12 bacteria pathogens are also reported.