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Special Issue: Redistribution for equitable development in South Africa

Post-apartheid South Africa, 20 years on, still resembles post-colonial Africa in that years of institutionalised discrimination created highly unequal societies, making the issue of redistribution for equity compelling. Although South Africa has a number of policies that have been put in place to facilitate the redistribution of wealth, there is a general feeling that this has not proceeded at a pace that allows for significant reduction in inequality. These sentiments have emerged as hotly contested pronouncements on the nationalisation of mines, land redistribution and a general agreement that broad-based economic empowerment is yet to achieve its goals with respect to equity in employment, ownership and equity at senior management level. Coupled with high levels of racial inequality, South Africa’s high levels of inequality in income distribution are also very persistent. South Africa’s social indicators (e.g. life expectancy, quality of education and infant mortality) are similar to those of lower-middle-income or even low-income countries although it is an upper-middleincome country, a reflection of highly unequal distribution of both resources and opportunities (van der Berg, 2010:3).