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Ischemic preconditioning: Lack of delayed protection against skeletal muscle ischemia‐reperfusion

We investigated the ability of ischemic preconditioning to induce expression of heat shock protein 70 (Hsp 70) and/or to increase muscle survival after ischemia‐reperfusion in the rat hind limb. Ischemic preconditioning regimens tested were; 1 × 5 min of ischemia, 4 × 5 min of ischemia interrupted by 10 min of reperfusion, 1 × 10 min of ischemia or 2 × 10 min of ischemia interrupted by 15 min of reperfusion. Western blot analysis revealed only a modest induction of Hsp 70 at 24 h after preconditioning using the latter two protocols of 1 × 10 min of ischemia or 2 × 10 min. Used at 24 h prior to prolonged ischemia, neither protocol improved muscle survival measured at 24 h after reperfusion. In conclusion, ischemic preconditioning did not produce delayed protection from ischemia‐reperfusion in this model and the study suggests that ischemic preconditioning is not a useful protective strategy against skeletal muscle necrosis in the long‐term. © 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. MICROSURGERY 20:350–355 2000