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MODERN CEPHALOSPORINS AS THERAPEUTICS FOR OTITIS MEDIA

Otitis media continues to be one of the most prevalent infections. Because it is usually caused by bacteria—especially Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus in-fluenzae— and not often by viruses, antibiotic therapy is necessary in most cases. An antibiotic is used as soon as possible to achieve the treatment goal of rapidly sterilizing the area to prevent fluid collection and subsequent hearing problems. The preferred antimicrobial must be active against 5. pneumoniae. Treatment with amoxicillin or erythromycin is recommended for the initial episode. If β-lactamase-producing bacteria are detected, if treatment fails, or if there is a recurrence, then treatment with a cephalosporin or with amoxicillin/clavulanate is recommended. A controlled trial compared cefdinir given once or twice daily with amoxicillin/clavulanate given three times daily for the treatment of otitis media. The results showed that once-daily cef dinir is as effective as the other treatment but has fewer side effects, such as diarrhea.