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[Innovative techniques in coronary bypass surgery].

Coronary artery surgery is now being challenged by percutaneous techniques of coronary revascularization, coronary dilatation and arterial stenting. Improvements are being made in three directions, namely selection of optimal conduits, with the aim of improving long-term graft patency; minimizing complications of cardiopulmonary circulation (or avoiding it altogether), and improving access to coronary vessels. The ultimate goal is robotic keyhole surgery of the beating heart. This paper offers a critical analysis of these developments.