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Impact of Lithospheric Quasi-Direct Current Sources on Electric Power Systems

The problem of geomagnetic disturbances and it influence on the operating of electric power system is well known and widely discussed and investigated in the scientific papers. However, one more effect could cause the quasi-direct currents flow through the electric power system with grounded neutral points. In the paper, the authors have shown that quasi-direct currents can be excited in electric power systems by not only geomagnetic field variations but also powerful lithospheric sources formed before earthquakes. It is shown that lithospheric sources are electric dipoles with a moment directed to the center of the Earth. Lithospheric sources can significantly change the surface potential near the epicenter of the impending earthquake. Pockets of shallow earthquakes located in the vicinity of the grounding devices of substations pose a threat to the operation of the electric power systems. The authors give equations for estimating the lithospheric current source depth of disposition and the radius of its radius of action. It is shown in the paper that the lithospheric current sources that are located on the depth of 11…22 km could cause the high level quasi-direct currents which are equal to the serious geomagnetic disturbances and will cause the power transformer saturation. It is also shown that the action radius from the earthquake epicenter have a maximal influence on the operation of electric power systems cause the lithospheric current source that is located on the depth of 4.8 … 9.6 km and its radius is about 6.8…13.6 km.