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How Ethnographic Practices Are Reconfigured with 360-degree Cameras

: Ethnography has become common in human-computer interaction research as both a methodology and a research subject. Ethnographic practices have historically been enhanced with the introduction of new technologies. Responding to the emergence of 360-degree panoramic technology that enables comprehensive visual recording and an immersive viewing experience, we speciﬁcally explore how 360-degree cameras bring new value to ethnography. To examine this concept, we conducted a focus group discussion with seven ethnographers and an interview study in which an additional ﬁve ethnographers were asked about experiences in the use of 360-degree cameras. From the results, we constructed distinct aspects to start a discussion on the future research and practice of ethnography using 360-degree cameras. We also report the early challenges that ethnographers encountered and discuss supporting technologies to overcome the challenges. Reﬂecting on the ﬁndings, this paper contributes to the design implications of ethnography with 360-degree cameras.