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In vitro evaluation of four adhesive materials in the treatment of cervical lesions.

BACKGROUND
The aim of this study was the evaluation of four adhesive restorative materials regarding the possible microleakage along margins of cervical lesions (class V lesions).


METHODS
The comparative in vitro experience was performed in 24 healthy inferior human molars previously extracted and stored in saline. We realized 24 class V lesions with standard dimensions, occlusal margins placed in enamel, cervical margins placed in dentin/cement. The teeth were randomly divided into four groups (six each) and were filled with two light-cured glass ionomer cements (Fuji II LC and Fuji II LC Improved-GC) and with two enamel-dentin adhesive systems/composite resins (Scotchbond MP-3M-/Enamel Plus-Mice-rium-; Prodigy/Optibond-Kerr). All materials were treated according to manufacturers' instructions. After thermocycling the restorations were placed in 2% methylene-blue aqueous solutions for 24 hours. Then we performed a SEM observation of the surface of margin restorations and a light-microscopy observation, after longitudinal section of specimens, to evaluate the marginal infiltration of the colouring solution.


RESULTS
We submitted to statistical analysis the results of the light-microscopy observation. Differences in microleakage scores between materials were compared using Kruskall Wallis test. Although higher values of dye penetration were found at gingival margins all groups showed minimal microleakage. No statistical significative differences were seen between materials. Our results are in agreement with those of present in recent literature.


CONCLUSIONS
On the basis of our results we can state that the treatment of cervical lesions is a safe and predictable clinical procedure either using light-cured glass ionomer cements or composite resins. Clinicians must take particular care of gingival margins of these lesions.