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Mestizo in the World of Culture: Gustav Lebon and Afanasy Prokopyevich Schapov

The article is devoted to the key theories of crossbreeding. The pessimistic theory of A. Gobino stands out, shared by Louis Bussenard, the author of the adventure novel ”The Thieves of Diamonds”, G. Lebon’s theory of demarcation, and A. Shchapov’s optimistic theory. The concept of Afanasy Schapov is introduced into the anthropological and genderological discourse, it is proposed for further study and reception. 
Keywords: Mestizo, crossbreeding, colonialism, races, postcolonial turn, Gustave Lebon, Afanasy Schapov.