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Adrenocorticotropic hormone in the control of renal tubular hydrogen ion secretion. Balance of non-metabolizable base in ACTH-stimulated weanling rats subject to acid or base loading.

Groups of weanling rats subject to ACTH-stimulation (tetracosactrin, 1 mg kg-1 day-1) were exposed to heavy oral loads of ammonium chloride (approx. 21 mmol kg-1 day-1) or sodium bicarbonate (approx. 40 mmol kg-1 day-1) for 8 days. During loading with sodium bicarbonate, the animals maintained a normal positive external (whole body) balance of non-metabolizable base (NB), excess NB being excreted quantitatively in the urine, whereas loading with ammonium chloride caused a fall in the mean balance of NB from a reference value of 12.1 mmol per 8 days to about zero. However, in the two groups the concentration in plasma of NB rose from the reference value (41 mmol l-1) to the same level (57 and 59 mmol l-1, respectively; P greater than 0.5) despite extreme differences in rates of gastrointestinal NB absorption, despite a significant rise in the rate of endogenous sulphuric acid production and despite the presence of ample chloride in diet and urine. These results indicate that ACTH determines the extracellular concentration of NB at which exchange of NB takes place by influencing, directly or indirectly, the relative rates of renal tubular H- secretion and Cl- reabsorption at any given rate of tubular reabsorption of Na-. Some cybernetic considerations of the disturbance are presented.