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Paediatric Helicobacter pylori

Epidemiology of Helicobacter pylori in children confirms the striking differences between developed and developing countries as regards the prevalence and early onset of primary infection. The route(s) of transmission remain unclear: person-to-person close contacts that occur in crowded families and communities plays an important role, but acquisition from a common source (including from cats?) raises the possibility that H. pylori could be a zoonotic disease. Symptomatology in childhood is mainly related to recurrent abdominal pain but could also influence growth in height, especially in girls. Morphometric study of cell density allows objective evaluation of gastric mucosal changes. The follicular antritis associated with the nodular pattern of the antral mucosa can be variable in different populations and at different ages. A number of D and G cells in relation to H. pylori infection were thoroughly studied. However, the mechanisms involved in gastrin hypersecretion have still to be elucidated.