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Educational Certification and Life Chances among British Schoolboys

As Pitirim A. Sorokin noted forty years ago, one of the main functions of schools is to act as a mechanism of social testing and thereby aid in the allocation of positions in the social stratification system. 'The testing, the selective, and the distributive functions of the school,' Sorokin wrote, have been 'almost completely overlooked, although these functions are scarcely less important than that of "enlightenment" and "education".' 1 Sorokin argued: