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Phenotypic and Genotypic Characteristics of Vibrio Harveyi Isolated from Black Tiger Shrimp (Penaeus Monodon)

In the present study, a total of 30 luminous bacteria were successfully isolated from the hepatopancreas of tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) in Kedah, Terengganu and Johore. Based on the Baumann and Schubert (12) scheme, all isolates were identified as V. harveyi. Thirty biochemical and physiological tests were carried out to reveal the similarity and differentiatial phenotypes among the isolates. Although the isolates were obtained from different locations, they showed similar biochemical and physiological characteristics except for colony morphology, colony color on TCBS and salt tolerance test. Based on luminous activity and the ability to hemolyse against horse red blood cells, all isolates were considered virulent. The percentage of similarity among the isolates from Kedah was ranging from 50 to 100% whilst genetic distance was ranged from 0 to 0.5. The isolates from Terengganu were recorded the lowest ranging of percentage of similarity and genetic distance, from 66.7 to 100% and 0 to 0.333, respectively. Whilst, the isolates from Johore performed the highest ranging percentage of similarity and genetic distance; there were 12.5 to 90% and 0.1 to 0.875 respectively. The percentage of similarity between isolates from Kedah compared to isolates from Terengganu and Johore were ranged from 14.3 to 66.7% and 0 to 88.9% respectively. On the other hand, comparison between isolates from Terengganu and isolates from Johore has shown a quite high percentage of similarity ranging from 18.2 to 93.3%. The susceptibility of antibiotic to the bacterial strains was reported in 173 cases (82.4%). 10 cases (4.7%) were determined as the intermediate sensitive and 27 cases (12.9%) were resistance to certain antibiotics. The isolates were mostly resistant to ampicillin (90%) followed by sulphamethoxazole (40%). However, 96.7% of the isolates in the present study were demonstrated sensitive to chloramphenicol, tetracycline and furazolidone. Furthermore, the isolates were sensitive to nalidixic acid (93.4%), kanamycin (80%), sulphamethoxazole (56.7%) and ampicilin (10%). Intermediate sensitive was observed among of the isolates for kanamycin (20%) and nalidixic acid (6.6%).