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Electromagnetic vacuum for irrotational observers in general foliable spacetimes

The authors introduce an observer-dependent quantum vacuum for the electromagnetic field in curved space via the diagonalisation of a Hamiltonian. This method works in foliable spacetimes and for irrotational observers. This paper generalises the results of a previous one where the separation of variables was possible. The authors also show a mechanism to remove the longitudinal photons in curved space.