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[Effect of oral contraceptives on the circulatory system].

The literature on the health hazards of oral contraceptives (OCs) with special emphasis on their effects on the circulatory system is reviewed. Numerous studies dealing with the effects of hormonal contraceptives in thromboembolic complications blood coagulation hypertension strokes cerebrovascular disease myocardial infarction and other disorders of the circulatory system are covered. Recent statistics are presented to show that OCs cause arterial hypertension in at least 5% of women while some authors report a much higher occurrence of 15-18%. The effects of hormonal contraceptives in eclamptic toxemia and menstrual disorders are briefly discussed. Hemodynamic effects of combined estrogen/progestagen OCs are also considered. Contraceptive-induced hypotension is interpreted as a complication caused by the effect of these hormonal preparations on the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. This hypothesis is supported by many authors who report significant changes in the serum levels of renin angiotensin I and angiotensin II as well as increased secretions of aldosterone. Based on a review of health hazards a list of unconditional and conditional contraindications is presented.