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Dual‐Function Scattering Layer of Submicrometer‐Sized Mesoporous TiO2 Beads for High‐Efficiency Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells

Submicrometer‐sized (830 ± 40 nm) mesoporous TiO2 beads are used to form a scattering layer on top of a transparent, 6‐µm‐thick, nanocrystalline TiO2 film. According to the Mie theory, the large beads scatter light in the region of 600–800 nm. In addition, the mesoporous structure offers a high surface area, 89.1 m2 g−1, which allows high dye loading. The dual functions of light scattering and electrode participation make the mesoporous TiO2 beads superior candidates for the scattering layer in dye‐sensitized solar cells. A high efficiency of 8.84% was achieved with the mesoporous beads as a scattering layer, compared with an efficiency of 7.87% for the electrode with the scattering layer of 400‐nm TiO2 of similar thickness.