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The role of multifield theories in the modelling of active materials

Multifield theories are powerful frameworks able to manage complexities arising in the modelling of physical phenomena. In the mechanics of active materials a multifield theory, consisting in balance and constitutive equations, may be constructed by assigning to each point of the solid an additional parameter (the morphological descriptor) which accounts for the activation mechanisms at the level of microstructure. The main elements of multifield theory applied to continuum mechanics are given. The relevant equations of the problem of a cantilever beam of conductive polymer subject to flux of ions are reported to show the coupling between chemical (ion concentration) and mechanical behaviour (end deflection).