{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.027565084226646247, 'fraction_numerical': 0.009188361408882083, 'mean_word_length': 5.567839195979899, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
Visitor and Resident Images of Qingdao, China, as a Tourism Destination

This article compares the images of Qingdao, China, as perceived by visitors and residents and examines whether these images are affected by information sources, age, education, and place attachment. The data were collected using a self-administered survey of 578 visitors and 337 residents of Qingdao throughout June and July of 2009. The image construct was conceptualized into two dimensions: cognitive and affective. It was found that the images perceived by visitors and residents converged primarily on cognitive images and less so on affective images. The results of a Mann-Whitney U test reveal that the main differences between the images held by visitors and residents are in 10 cognitive images (seafood, cultural attraction, highway system, traffic congestion, airline schedules, local people, beaches, weather, scenery, and hygiene and cleanliness) and in two affective images (arousing–sleepy and exciting–gloomy). Spearman's rank correlation test revealed that there is a weak positive correlation between place attachment and the images of Qingdao perceived by both visitors and residents. Age, education, and information sources are only partially correlated with visitor and resident images, with weak correlations.