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QoS routing protocols for mobile ad hoc networks: a survey

In mobile ad hoc networks, Quality of Service (QoS) routing is a challenging issue due to several factors like node mobility, multi-path communication and channel access. QoS guarantees are required by most multimedia and other real-time applications. The difficulties of the QoS routing have limited the value of MANETs. Many researches have been done so as to provide QoS assurances in MANET routing protocols. In recent years a number of QoS routing protocols with distinguishing features have been proposed. This paper presents a survey of some of these protocols which include a thorough overview of QoS routing metrics, resources and factors affecting the performance. The protocols are classified according to the multi-path, cross layer, stability, bandwidth reservation, load balancing and power efficiency based approaches. The relative strengths and weaknesses of the protocols have also been studied which allow us to identify the areas for future research. Finally, a comparative study of all routing protocols is provided.