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In vitro displacement of phenytoin from protein binding by nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs tolmetin, ibuprofen, and naproxen in normal and uremic sera.

Displacement of phenytoin (90% bound to albumin) by other highly albumin-bound drugs like salicylate has been well documented. Other widely used nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs like tolmetin, ibuprofen, and naproxen are also strongly bound to albumin and can potentially displace phenytoin. However, phenytoin-ibuprofen interaction has been poorly studied in the past, and interaction of phenytoin with tolmetin or naproxen has not been studied before. For normal serum pool (albumin 3.7 g/dl), we observed significant increases in free phenytoin concentrations only with antiinflammatory drug concentrations at the upper end of therapeutic or above therapeutic concentrations. However, for the uremic pool (albumin 2.9 g/dl), displacement of phenytoin was significant even at the lower end of therapeutic concentrations of those antiinflammatory drugs. Of the three antiinflammatory drugs we studied, ibuprofen caused the highest displacement of phenytoin.