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Early life stress induces altered expression of epigenetic chromatin modification enzymes in aorta and renal vessels

Early life stress (ELS) is linked to increased risk of adult cardiovascular disease (CVD). Epigenetic pathways are important in cardiovascular maintenance. The current aim is to elucidate whether ELS alters chromatin modification enzyme expression in aorta and renal vessels in adult male Wistar Kyoto rats. Maternal separation (MatSep), a model of ELS, consisted of separating pups from the mother for 3h/day from postnatal day 2 to 14. Unseparated pups served as controls. Gene expression of 84 chromatin remodeling enzymes was assessed in thoracic aorta and isolated renal vessels of 16 week old rats by large‐scale qRT‐PCR array. mRNA expression of histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) and protein arginine N‐methyltransferase 2 were significantly decreased in aortas of MatSep rats (0.78±0.05 and 0.76±0.11 fold change relative to control rats (RFC), respectively; p<0.02; n=3/group). MatSep increased renal vessel mRNA expression of genes involved in DNA methylation (DNA methyltransferase 1; RFC=1.2±0.001), and histone phosphorylation (cyclin‐dependent kinase 2; RFC=1.35±0.09), methylation (histone‐lysine‐N‐methyltransferase SUV39H1; RFC=2.49±0.82), and acetylation (HDAC3 and HDAC10; RFC=1.29±0.11 and 1.41±0.06, respectively; p<0.05; n=3/group). Future studies will test whether ELS‐mediated CVD in adulthood is due to derangement of epigenetic pathways in vascular tissue.