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Development of an Electrostatic Partitioner for Highly Efficient Partitioning of Gas and Particles with Minimal Effect on the Gas Phase

Particle-free air is required in a wide range of scientific and technical applications such as prefiltering for gas analyzers or for the artifact correction of particle mass concentration measurements. Most common processes for the removal of particles from a gas stream are filtration and electrostatic precipitation. However, both mechanism introduce changes to the thermodynamic conditions and/or the composition of the gas, which might be detrimental to the downstream measurement of gas or particle concentrations. For highly efficient separation of gas and particles with no changes to the thermodynamic conditions and substantially no changes to the gas phase, a coaxial gas particle partitioner (GPP, patent pending) has been developed and initially tested. The GPP utilizes corona charging to electrically charge the particles and a strong electric field in a separate unit to take them out of the sample flow when switched on. The vicinity of the corona wire gets continuously flushed by means of a wash flow, which is spatially separated from the sample flow, to prevent gases formed by the corona, such as ozone and oxides of nitrogen, from reaching the sample aerosol flow. Internally, the total aerosol flow is split into a sample flow and an excess gas flow. The splitting of the flow ensures that evaporation or release of particles deposited on the outer wall does not affect the sample flow but only the excess gas flow. The flow splitter is designed such that the particle number size distribution in the sample flow is identical to the ambient distribution when the GPP is switched off. When switched on, the sample flow is particle free. The initial investigations have shown that the GPP is able to separate gas and particles with a higher efficiency than another investigated common point-to-plane electrostatic precipitator (ESP). Particle losses inside the GPP are lower than in the ESP. The response time of GPP and ESP are similar.