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Effect of catecholamines on locomotor activity and cyclic AMP in nucleus accumbens in rats

The addition of dopamine to homogenates of dopamine-rich brain areas such as the nucleus accumbens or striatum enhances the formation of adenosine 3’,5’-cyclic monophosphate (CAMP) (Clement-Cormier et al 1974). Systemic administration of dopamine receptor agonists has been reported to increase levels of cAMP in-vivo in rat limbic system and striatum (Garelis & Neff 1974; Kennedy & Zigmond 1979). However, some investigators have failed to find an increase in rat striatal cAMP content following the administration of dopaminergic drugs (Breese et a1 1979; Schmidt et al 1979). The reason for the discrepant reports is not clear as the same species, drugs, and method of killing have been employed in many of these studies. The present study was conducted to test the effects of dopamine on CAMP-generating systems in-vivo where a parallel behavioural endpoint could be measured. Injection of dopamine into the nucleus accumbens induces a marked locomotor stimulation which is inhibited by neuroleptics but not adrenergic blocking agents (Pijnenburg & van Rossum 1973; Costall et a1 1976; Vance & Blumberg 1983). The potency of neuroleptics at antagonizing this hyperactivity roughly parallels their clinical antischizophrenic potency (Costall & Naylor 1976). Thus, it is possible that blockade of the dopamine receptor which mediates locomotor stimulation may be involved in antipsychotic drug actions. The effects of injecting noradrenaline into the nucleus accumbens were also examined as this neurotransmitter has been demonstrated to stimulate adenylate cyclase in-vitro (Blumberg et all975,1976; Horn & Phillipson 1976; Harris 1976) and to increase locomotor activity upon intra-accumbens injection (Costall et a1 1976).