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Groundwater quality monitoring of the Serra Geral aquifer in Toledo, Brazil

Abstract In this work, a physical-chemical, elemental and microbiological groundwater monitoring was performed on wells of the Serra Geral aquifer, located in the western region of the Brazilian state of Paraná, along with an evaluation of the elemental composition of soil sediments in the region of groundwater monitoring. The monitoring was carried out in 10 wells distributed throughout the rural area of the municipality of Toledo-PR. Elemental analyses were performed using the analytical technique of total reflection X-ray fluorescence spectrometry. From the results obtained, it was observed that in some wells, iron and lead concentrations were above the maximum limits allowed by the Brazilian legislation in some months, demonstrating that the evaluated groundwater is susceptible to contamination. By the analysis of the soil sediments, the presence of iron and lead in the region soil/rock was verified, which may be associated to rainwater percolation making it necessary to periodically monitor the groundwater consumed by the population of the municipality of Toledo-PR.