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Nanosecond supercontinuum generation at the mJ level

Light sources with a broad spectral output and diffraction limited beam quality have a wide variety of present and future applications. A few of particular interest are hyperspectral laser radar for environmental monitoring, active hyperspectral imaging for detection and identification of objects, and speckle-free illumination. With the exception of systems based on amplified femto- or picosecond lasers, which are large and extremely complicated, pulse energies from supercontinuum laser sources have been limited to <10 microJoules which is generally not sufficient for the applications listed above. We present a simple technique to generate broadband light spanning several hundred nanometers in the near infrared with pulse energies of ~1 mJ, an improvement of approximately two orders of magnitude. The system is comprised of a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser and a very large mode area photonic crystal fiber. A combination of cascaded stimulated Raman scattering, four wave mixing, and self-phase modulation is responsible for the spectral broadening. Possibilities of scaling the output to the ~10 mJ level as well as extending the spectral coverage to the visible and mid-infrared will also be discussed.