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Chopin's Polish Ballade: Op. 38 as Narrative of National Martyrdom. By Jonathan D. Bellman. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2010. xvi, 197 pp. Appendix. Notes. Bibliography. Index. Musical Examples. $40.00, hard bound.

The second section is the ethnographic heart of the volume, dealing as it does with the implementation of collectivization in diverse Romanian regions and rural communities. Essays in this section range from an explanation of the significance of the Dobrogea region for the general Romanian process (Iordachi), to the influence of ethnicity on collectivization (Vultur, Olah), and to various forms of resistance to collectivization. Though the final section of essays seems more directed toward general exploration of the transformation of property, the essays here also largely recapitulate the specific processes discussed in the second section. Despite the general high quality of the essays and the breadth of cases, the essays in the volume have a repetitive quality and recapitulate common themes. These include collectivization's herky-jerky, on-again, off-again quality; the periodicization of the collectivization process; dismissive local attitudes toward the cadres responsible for implementing state directives, whether outsiders sent by the party-state or marginal members of the communities themselves; and the randomness in the process of naming and unnaming chiaburi (wealthy peasants). There are some notable exceptions, like Kligman's presentation of local discourse and poetics about collectivization in the Maramures community of Ieud, Daniel Lajea's discussion of the "cultural intimacy" involved in the party-citizen struggle in the Craiova region of Oltenia, or Michael Stewart and Razvan Stan's consideration of shepherds' resistance to collectivization in the Sibiu region. Verdery's deconstructing the cultural and epistemological significance of the category "wealthy peasant" (chiabur), through and against which the party waged class struggle, is an especially welcome addition to Romanian collectivization literature. The volume's appendixes, including a comprehensive bibliography and chronology, are also welcome additions. Iordachi and Verdery's concluding chapter, though, might better have been shifted to the head of the volume and some greater degree of cross-national comparison could have assisted in placing the Romanian processes in a more general context.