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Association Between the Seated Single-Arm Shot-Put Test With Isokinetic Pushing Force.

CONTEXT
Previous investigations have examined the reliability, normalization, and underlying projection mechanics of the seated single-arm shot-put (SSASP) test. Although the test is believed to reflect test limb strength, there have been no assessments determining whether test performance is directly associated with upper-extremity strength.


OBJECTIVE
To determine the relationship between isokinetic pushing force and SSASP performance and conduct a method comparison analysis of limb symmetry indices between the 2 tests.


DESIGN
Controlled laboratory study.


SETTING
Biomechanics laboratory. Patients (or Other Participants): Twenty-four healthy and physically active men (n = 12) and women (n = 12).


INTERVENTION(S)
Participants completed the SSASP and isokinetic pushing tests using their dominant and nondominant arms.


MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
SSASP distance and isokinetic peak force.


RESULTS
Significant moderate to strong relationships were revealed between the SSASP distances and isokinetic peak forces for both limbs. The Bland-Altman analysis results demonstrated significantly (P < .002) greater limb symmetry indices for the SSASP (both medicine balls) than the isokinetic ratios, with biases ranging from -0.094 to -0.159. The limits of agreement results yielded intervals ranging from ±0.241 to ±0.340 and ±0.202 to ±0.221 from the biases.


CONCLUSIONS
These results support the notion that the SSASP test reflects upper-extremity strength. The incongruency of the limb symmetry indices between the 2 tests is likely reflective of the differences in the movement patterns and coordination requirements of the 2 tests.