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Progesterone-synthesizing ability of preovulatory follicles of cows relative to the peak of LH.

Preovulatory cow follicles (n = 34) were collected at different times after the onset of oestrus until shortly before ovulation. In-vitro conversion of tritiated pregnenolone in the presence of NAD+ by homogenates of the follicular wall was compared in phases relative to the LH peak. During phase 0 (before the LH surge) a moderate conversion into progesterone occurred, but it was subsidiary to that into 17 alpha-hydroxypregnenolone and other unidentified steroids. During phases 1 (0-6 h after the LH peak), 2A (6-14 h) and 2B (14-20 h) the production of progesterone and 17 alpha-hydroxypregnenolone remained constant; at phase 2B the percentage of remaining pregnenolone was higher than in the preceding phases. In phase 3 (20 h after the LH peak until ovulation) conversion into progesterone had increased about 4-fold to the highest levels observed (97% after 2 h incubation), and production of 17 alpha-hydroxypregnenolone and unidentified steroids was low. In an additional experiment, homogenates of the wall of 3 follicles at phase 3 were also incubated with tritated progesterone in the presence of NADPH. The percentage of remaining progesterone was high, and a moderate conversion into 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone occurred. In the main experiments, however, production of this steroid was not observed. The results indicate that steroid synthesis in the preovulatory follicle of the cow changes to the production of progesterone shortly before ovulation.