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Tree Bean (Parkia timoriana) Seed Oil: A Potential Raw Material for Biofuel Production

Oil analysis and antimicrobial activity from the seeds of tree bean (Parkia timoriana DC. Merr.) was performed in this study. The highest oil yield (7.12%) from the seeds was recovered via Soxhlet extraction using n-hexane. The physicochemical parameters analysed were congealing point (5.25 oC), specific gravity (0.9133), absolute viscosity (86.4 cP), iodine value (116 mg I2/g), saponification value (188 mg KOH/g) and acid number (0.93). The most abundant fatty acid was linoleic acid (69.2%) according to gas chromatography (GC). The value of the total unsaturated fatty acids (89.3%) was greater than the saturated (16.7%) which was further confirmed from its Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum. Tree bean seed oil showed high antimicrobial activity against Trichophyton mentagrophytes and was inactive against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans. The obtained results confirmed that tree bean seed oil can be used in the production of industrial, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical products.