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CHARACTERISTICS, AFFINITIES AND AGES OF VOLCANIC DEPOSITS ASSOCIATED WITH THE ORIENTALE BASIN FROM CHANDRAYAAN-1 MOON MINERALOGY MAPPER (M 3 ) DATA: MARE

Introduction: The Orientale basin located on the western limb of the moon, is one of the youngest multi-ring basins on the lunar surface, dating to the beginning of the Upper Imbrian period at ~3.84 Ga [1]. Unlike the other large lunar multi-ring basins Ori-entale is well preserved, being only partially filled with mare, which makes it very important for the study of basin formation processes [2-4]. The Orientale basin is ~900 km in diameter and covers an area of ~700,000 km 2 [2]. Understanding the characteristics of each feature within the basin including their age, mineralogy and morphology will assist in deciphering the basin forming processes. Within the basin there are many volcanic deposits, those in the center of the basin itself and others within the different rings. The largest of these mare deposits is Mare Orientale in the center of the basin. It covers an area of 47,000 km 2 and is ~1 km deep [2]. Lacus Veris, lying between the Inner Rook and Outer Rook rings, is composed of five large mare ponds and several smaller scattered ponds oriented in an arcuate belt. Similar in situation is Lacus Autumni, positioned between the Outer Rook and Cordillera rings [5,6]. These three main mare deposits have many volcanic features that are indicative of the eruption style, such as sinuous rilles and small shield volcanoes [5]. Other volcanic deposits in the basin include dark mantle deposits , such as the dark ring centered on the Outer Rook ring to the southwest [7], flooding on the floors of younger impact craters [6], and as cryptomaria [4]. Ages and Stratigraphy: Previous compositional studies of mare in the Orientale basin have reported subtle differences in the titanium content [4, 9,8]. Using Galileo Sold Sate Imaging (SSI) 0.41/0.56 µm spectral reflectance ratio images Greeley et al. [4] found that units in Mare Orientale are medium-high-Ti basalt soils (3-7 wt % TiO 2), with lower titanium signatures in the northeast and west-central mare. Lacus Veris containes a medium-high-Ti basalt soil and La-cus Autumni has medium-high-Ti basalt soil in the north and medium-Ti basalt soils (<4 wt % TiO 2) in the south. It is possible that contamination from Orien-tale basin (highland) materials could be influencing the compositions observed [4, 8-9]. Based on these findings the compositional differences were used to define stratigraphic relations within Mare Orientale, Lacus Veris and Lacus Autumni, which were then dated using …