{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.037783375314861464, 'fraction_numerical': 0.022670025188916875, 'mean_word_length': 5.576158940397351, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
Does healthy lifestyle attenuate the detrimental effects of urinary polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on phenotypic aging? An analysis from NHANES 2001-2010

Abstract Objectives: It remains unknown whether healthy lifestyle attenuates the detrimental effects of urinary monohydroxy polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (OH-PAHs) on aging. This study aims: 1) to examine the associations of OH-PAHs and lifestyle with Phenotypic Age Acceleration (PhenoAge.Accel), a novel aging measure, respectively; and 2) to evaluate the potential interaction effects of OH-PAHs and lifestyle on PhenoAge.Accel. Methods: Cross-sectional data of 2579 participants (aged 20-84 years, n=1292 females) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey for years 2001-2010 were analyzed. A lifestyle index was constructed based on five components (drinking, smoking, body mass index, physical activity, and diet), ranging from 0 to 5. We calculated PhenoAge.Accel using algorithms developed previously. General linear regression models were used to examine the associations. Results: We observed strong associations of OH-PAHs and lifestyle with PhenoAge.Accel. For instance, one unit increase in {sum}NAP (sum of 1- and 2-hydroxynaphthalene) was associated with 0.37 year (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.26, 0.48) increase in PhenoAge.Accel. We did not observe statistically significant interaction effects between OH-PAHs and lifestyle on PhenoAge.Accel. After stratified by sex, we observed strong associations as well as statistically significant interactions of OH-PAHs and lifestyle with PhenoAge.Accel among females. Conclusions: Both OH-PAHs and lifestyle were independently associated with phenotypic aging and there were statistically significant interactions between OH-PAHs and lifestyle on phenotypic aging among females. The findings highlight the importance of adherence to a healthy lifestyle to attenuate the detrimental effects of exposures to PAHs on phenotypic aging among females.