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SDZ 200–110 Induces Leydig Cell Tumors By Increasing Gonadotropins in Rats

The administration of 62.5 mg/kg/day of SDZ 200–110, a calcium channel blocker, for 2 years increased the incidence of Leydig cell tumors while decreasing pituitary tumors in Sprague-Dawley rats. Lower doses did not change the incidence of these tumors. No other endocrine tumors were seen in rats or mice of either sex. A single gavage dose of 62.5 mg/kg/day decreased serum testosterone levels by 90% 4 hr after dosing. In vitro testosterone production by Leydig cells from these animals was minimally decreased, which suggests that a direct inhibition of steroid synthesis was removed during cell isolation. Dietary administration of the drug for 10 weeks did not significantly alter levels of serum hormones or testicular luteinizing hormone (LH) and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) receptors, although a significant elevation of testicular testosterone levels was seen. Increased serum levels of LH and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) were seen after 52 and 66 weeks, respectively, of dietary feeding of 62.5 mg/kg/day. The increase in serum LH was observed to week 104, while FSH levels returned to control levels by week 94. No effect on gonadotropin receptors was seen at the 6.25 mg/kg/day dosage. The age-related increase in serum prolactin was markedly reduced by 62.5 mg/kg/day of SDZ 200–110 in weeks 66 to 104 and to a lesser extent at the 6.25 mg/kg/day dosage. Testicular LH receptors were decreased by the high dose in animals sacrificed after 90–104 weeks. In conclusion, SDZ 200–110 increases the incidence of Leydig cell tumors by elevating levels of serum gonadotropins. The suggested mechanism for this increase in gonadotropins is a result of the effects of SDZ 200–110 on serum hormones and testicular LH receptors. The drug was judged not to pose a risk to humans since no change in gonadotropin levels was observed after chronic treatment.