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Computational fluid dynamics modeling of biomass co-firing in a 300 MW pulverized coal furnace

Biomass energy is one of the most accessible and readily available
 carbon-neutral energy options as a RES. It is regarded as a viable
 alternative fuel for coal combustion, particularly for biomass co-firing
 with pulverized coal, with numerous applications. The CFD can provide
 reasonably accurate solutions to complex thermo-chemical-fluid interactions,
 which is useful for understanding the design or retrofit of boilers and can
 save time, money, and effort. In this study, a CFD simulation of a 300 MW
 pulverized coal boiler with biomass co-firing was performed to investigate
 the impact of biomass co-firing with coal, considering the biomass co-firing
 ratio, mixing effect, and feeding temperature. The results show that the
 flow field in the furnace does not change significantly under different
 bio-mass blending ratio. Biomass co-firing can reduce peak temperatures in
 the furnace and make the temperature distribution more uniform. The
 concentration of unburned carbon in the furnace decreases as the biomass
 blending ratio increases. Furthermore, biomass blending has a significant
 impact on nitrogen oxide reduction, with NOx emissions reduced by 20% and
 28%, respectively, when the biomass blending ratio is 15% and 30%. The
 change of parameters inside the furnace caused by the reduction of biomass
 powder feeding temperature about 80 K is not significant. On the other hand,
 co-firing biomass with coal, reduces the risk of biomass spontaneous
 combustion while maintaining the furnace combustion stability and boiler
 combustion efficiency. The optimum ratio of biomass co-firing ration is
 deduced in this study is up to 20%.