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A Manufactured Wilderness: Summer Camps and the Shaping of American Youth, 1890–1960 (review)

and study. Hudelson was struck by the absence of written accounts or open conversation about Duluth’s radical-labor and political history. What started as a narrower study of the Communist Party in Duluth soon became interwoven with much more information about ethnic communities, labor politics, immigration, the rise of gigantic corporations, the consolidation of capital, and the emergence of the modern labor movement. Duluth, once heralded as an industrial and shipping giant, also became home for tens of thousands of new southern European immigrants seeking their American dream in Duluth’s ore docks, steel mills, saw mills, industrial plants, and shipyards. By the Ore Docks tells the story of how these immigrant workers found in radical political organizations coherent explanations for the crushing logic of capitalism. They found solidarity in ethnic communities and clubs and a vehicle for collective gain in labor organizations. By telling their story, By the Ore Docks gives fuller recognition to the lasting impact and heroism of these radical organizers, and provides a useful framework for understanding political geographies that still resonate today and shape contemporary labor relations and political attitudes in many working-class communities.