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Study of vegetation spectral anomaly behaviour in a porphyry copper mine area based on hyperspectral indices

ABSTRACT Hyperspectral remote sensing is economical and fast, and it can reveal detailed spectral information of plants. Hence, hyperspectral data are used in this study to analyse the spectral anomaly behaviours of vegetation in porphyry copper mine areas. This analytical method is used to compare the leaf spectra and relative differences among the vegetation indices; then, the correlation coefficients were computed between the soil copper content and vegetation index of Quercus spinosa leaves at both the leaf scale and the canopy scale in the Chundu mine area with different geological backgrounds. Lastly, this study adopts hyperspectral data for the level slicing of vegetation anomalies in the Chundu mine area. The results showed that leaf spectra in the orebody and background area differed greatly, especially in the infrared band (750 nm – 1300 nm); moreover, some indices like the normalized water index (NWI) and normalized difference water index (NDWI) of Quercus spinosa and Lamellosa leaves are sensitive to changes in the geological background. Compared with the canopy, the leaf hyperspectral indices of Quercus spinosa in Chundu can better reflect soil cuprum (Cu) anomaly. In addition, the NWI and NDWI of Quercus spinosa are significantly correlated with the soil Cu content at both the canopy scale and the leaf scale. Consequently, the results of the vegetation anomaly level slicing can adequately reflect the plant anomalies from ore bodies and nearby areas, thereby providing a new ore-finding method for areas with a high degree of vegetation coverage.