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Current state of vegetation of the dried bottom of the Aral Sea

The rate of regression of the coastal line of Aral Sea has been revealed for the period from 1965 to 2019 with 5-year intervals. The primary communities and their succession determined by the landform, lithology, depth and salinity of groundwater have been studied. According to the TSAVI index, the dried bottom of the Aral Sea is classified as follows: the water surface, swamps, salt marshes, puffed solonchaks, areas suitable for vegetation, areas with very low, low, medium, high and very high aboveground biomass territories. The correlation between the shrinking of the sea and the formation of vegetation with very low, low, medium and high biomass territories are revealed. A map of the vegetation of the western part of dried bottom of the Aral Sea has been created with 27 plant communities belonging to 4 types of vegetation. Six salt-tolerant species perspective for the fixation of shifting sands of dried bottom of the Aral Sea were selected from the native flora. A high tolerance to sand deflation was revealed in Salsola richterii and Calligonum caput-medusae.