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The Role of Foreign News Coverage in Adolescent Political Socialization

Adolescence is a period of active learning about domestic political affairs, as young people approach the age of participation in elections. At the same time that these teenagers are becoming socialized to politics in their own country, they are also exposed to news about foreign nations. This study examines the impact of news media coverage on socialization to international affairs among United States adolescents, focusing on knowledge acquisition and belief and attitude formation. Along with school coursework, television and the other mass media provide the primary window on the outside world. Few young people have traveled to foreign lands or had contact with foreigners, so the secondhand access through the media becomes an important avenue for learning. On type of mediated input is entertainment content, such as foreign music or novels and TV programs set in distant locales. However, these portrayals lack political relevance and the fictional quality of the presentations limits meaningful socialization. The U.S. news media carry numerous stories each day about the events, leaders, and developments on the international scene (Lent, 1977; Adams, 1982). Since this realistic content is generally high in credibility and political substance, there is considerable potential for impact. Among the four key media channels, television is likely to be most influential for teenage audiences because the stories tend to be visual, personalized, dramatic, and comprehensible. Radio news has the advantage of pervasiveness with periodic broadcasts interspersed within entertainment programming, but the stories are abbreviated and restricted to the aural mode. The print media also have a more limited likelihood of effectiveness. Newspapers and newsmagazines have the positive features of in-depth coverage and self-controlled processing that allows greater contemplation and study. However, these same factors limit impact because of the complexity of the material and the selectivity of processing; in the print media, it is more difficult for young people to extract information and more likely that they will choose not to be exposed to many types of news. This