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Domestication—Including Animals in Building Virtue

In this chapter, an alternative understanding of justice is provided, one that bears on indigenous views as connected closely with restoration of relationships. The case is also made for the virtues of compassion, wisdom, and justice to be essential in consideration of how individuals are related to each other in a multispecies community. All three were likely to have been important in the evolution of cooperation that eventually led to domestication and, engaging with the work of Tim Ingold, the author argues against those who claim that the movement from hunting to domestication was necessarily a step back in human-animal relationships. Comparative examples from the domestication of bees and the domestication of horses is used together with studies of horse-human psychology in Western contexts in comparison with some ethnographic work by Marcus Baynes-Rock with Oremo communities in Ethiopia. Also explored are indigenous traditions on the domestication of wolves, dingos, and the evolution of dog domestication. While the link between compassion for humans and that towards other animals has a rich and ancient history, including biblical traditions, there is some resistance to the ethical importance of compassion for other animals. These objections are considered before arguing that both love and compassion are important, if not exclusive, elements in building a theoretical ground for animal ethics.