{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.02717391304347826, 'fraction_numerical': 0.0, 'mean_word_length': 5.299145299145299, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
Public Administration and Informal Institutions: The Case of Worker Cooperatives

This paper explores cooperative enterprises in the US and the world to examine how worker cooperatives function, or fail to function, to be more than economic resources. It examines how they perform in extending public and social services to marginal workers and their communities, advancing social justice, and affording democratic voice; and what external formal (e.g. government) and informal (e.g. NGO) interventions affect this. In particular the paper asks how public administration as a field can best understand, assess, and support this role, given that cooperatives are outside of the realm of formal institutions with which PA generally works.