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Brachial Plexus Palsy and Isolated Deltoid Muscle Paralysis As Positional Complication of Anterior Cervical Fusion

This report presents three cases of brachial plexus or peripheral nerve injury which followed positioning in the operating room for anterior cervical discectomy and fusion. The shoulders were displaced distally and fixed, and traction was applied to the neck. The patients demonstrated neurologic deficits postoperatively consistent with brachial plexus or axillary nerve lesions. Electrodiagnostic studies were utilized in two of the patients to assess the problem. In all 3 cases, the abnormal neurologic picture resolved spontaneously within 2 weeks with no residual deficit.