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Sulforaphane protects against ethanol‐induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in neural crest cells by the induction of Nrf2‐mediated antioxidant response

Nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor (Nrf2) is a transcription factor that up‐regulates a diverse array of antioxidant genes and protects cells from oxidative damage. This study is designed to determine whether D‐L‐sulforaphane (SFN) can protect neural crest cells (NCCs), an ethanol‐sensitive cell population implicated in fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, against ethanol‐induced apoptosis and whether protective effects of SFN are mediated by the induction of Nrf2‐mediated antioxidant response.