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Dose dependence effects of ionizing radiation on bile acid metabolism in the rat

Purpose : To study radiation dose-related changes of individual or total bile acids in various physiological fluids in order to identify potential bio-indicators of radiation-induced gastrointestinal injuries. Materials and methods : Wistar rats were sham- or whole-body gamma irradiated (1-12Gy). Total and individual bile acids were quantified, 3 days after exposure, in bile collected after catheterization of the bile duct. Total bile acid concentrations were also measured in plasma and colonic contents 1, 2 and 3 days after irradiation. These concentrations were determined by an enzymatic method whereas individual bile acids were quantified by HPLC. Results : In bile, whereas total bile acid concentration remained unchanged after irradiation whatever the dose, the proportion of dihydroxy bile acids in the pool of total bile acids was gradually increased with the irradiation dose, especially from 8 Gy. In plasma samples, total bile acid concentrations fell for doses higher than 10 Gy. In colonic contents, bile acid concentrations increased progressively with time (from 1 to 3 days) and with irradiation dose (from 1 to 12Gy), reaching a plateau 3 days after exposure for doses higher than 10 Gy. Conclusions : These results show that changes in colonic bile acid concentrations which are reflected in faeces are perhaps a useful parameter to improve diagnosis and prognosis of radiationinduced gastrointestinal damage since it probably reflects directly intestinal bile acid malabsorption.