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Effect of Basicity on the Sulfur Precipitation and Occurrence State in Kambara Reactor Desulfurization Slag

Kambara Reactor (KR) desulfurization slag used as slag-making material for converter smelting can promote early slag melting in the initial stage and improve the efficiency of dephosphorization. However, its direct utilization as a slagging material can increase the sulfur content in molten steel since KR desulfurization slag contains 1~2.5% sulfur. Therefore, this research focuses on the effect of basicity on the precipitation behavior and occurrence state of sulfur in KR desulfurization slag in order to provide an academic reference for the subsequent removal of sulfur from slag through an oxidizing atmosphere. The solidification process of slag was simulated by the Factsage8.0. The slag samples were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM), and the amount of CaS grains was analyzed using Image-ProPlus6.0 software. The thermodynamic calculation showed that the crystallization temperature of CaS in the molten slag gradually decreased with the increase in basicity, and the CaS crystals in the molten slag mainly existed in the matrix phase and at the silicate grain boundaries. A large number of CaS grains were precipitated along the silicate grain boundary in low-basicity (R = 2.5 and 3.0) slags and fewer CaS grains were precipitated along the silicate grain boundary, while the CaS grain density in the matrix phase was higher in the high-basicity (R = 3.5, 4.0, 4.5) slag. With the increase in basicity, the number of CaS grains gradually decreased, and the CaS grain sizes in slag sample increased gradually. The sulfur in the synthetic slag was in the form of CaS crystals and the amorphous phase, and the content of amorphous sulfur gradually increased with increasing basicity.