{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.024993208367291495, 'fraction_numerical': 0.007878293941863623, 'mean_word_length': 5.598566308243727, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
Measures of Adult Knee Function

Patientreported outcome measures (PROMs) are important to fulfill both clinical and research purposes with regard to assessing knee function in patients with a variety of knee conditions associated with injury, osteoarthritis, or rheumatological disorders. For inclusion in this review, measures of knee function were required to be pertinent to rheumatology, orthopedics, and sports medicine specialties. We identified measures published with scientific analysis and included dimensions that were most important to patients, including pain, quality of life (QOL), and activity level. A 2011 review of nine tools was published and focused on many of these issues as they related to rheumatology and orthopedic surgery. Based on the aforementioned criterion and the goals of this review, we used the same nine measures developed specifically for patientreported knee function and perceptions: the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) Subjective Knee Evaluation Form, the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), the KOOS Physical Function Short Form (KOOSPS), the Knee Outcome Survey Activities of Daily Living Scale (KOSADLS), the Lysholm Knee Scoring Scale (LKS), the Oxford Knee Score (OKS), the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), the Activity Rating Scale (ARS), and the Tegner Activity Score (TAS). This updated review was conducted by doing a thorough search of new publications for each measure between January 1, 2010, and March 1, 2020. We also included the PatientReported Outcomes Measurement Information System Physical Function (PROMISPF) measure based on its rising popularity and the amount of research dedicated for its use in a variety of knee conditions. A basic summary of the properties of the different measures is displayed in Table 1. Psychometric data pertaining to the floor and ceiling effects, validity, reliability, responsiveness, and minimum clinically important difference (MCID) of each patientreported outcome are displayed in Table 2. Floor and ceiling effects were considered to be absent if no participants scored the bottom or top score, respectively, and to be acceptable if less than 15% of the cohort scored the bottom or top score, respectively. Validity was measured by assessing content, face, and construct validity. Content validity was present if patients were involved in development. Face validity was present if expert reviewers made a similar assessment and considered the measured items adequate. Construct validity was considered adequate if expected correlations were found with existing measures that assess similar (convergent construct validity) and dissimilar (divergent construct validity) constructs. Internal consistency was considered adequate if Cronbach’s α was at least 0.7 (1), and testretest (intrarater) reliability was adequate if the intraclass correlation coefficient was at least 0.8 for groups and 0.9 for individuals. Responsiveness was determined with a measure of ability to detect change over a period of time or intervention. MCID is the amount of change in a patientreported outcome that represents a meaningful change to the patient. Since 2011, there have been numerous studies evaluating the psychometric properties of the above measures. There has also been ample research assessing the utility and psychometric properties of the PROMISPF function. Extensive work has been performed to add available translations and culturally adapted versions of the above measures. Our review summarizes the available information about how these measures perform for different patient populations in different settings.