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Phosphatidylcholine Transfer Protein (PC‐TP) Regulates Lipid Droplet Morphology in Experimental Non‐Alcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH)

Choline is essential for the biosynthesis of phosphatidylcholine (PC), which is the most abundant phospholipid in most mammalian membranes and in the surfactant monolayer that stabilizes lipid droplets within cells. Choline deficiency promotes hepatic steatosis, and when fed to mice, a methionine‐choline deficient (MCD) diet recapitulates key histopathologic features of non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Phosphatidylcholine transfer protein (PC‐TP; synonym StarD2) is a highly specific PC binding protein that is enriched in the liver. PC‐TP interacts with thioesterase superfamily member 2 (Them2) to suppress hepatic insulin signaling and promote lipogenesis. PC‐TP also catalyzes intermembrane PC transfer, suggesting the possibility of a direct role in the development of hepatic steatosis.