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An in vitro tuberization bioassay to assess maturity class of new potato clones

Summary The maturity of a new potato clone can be determined from physiological measurements in field trials that involve considerable time, space and work. To improve the procedure, an in vitro bioassay based on tuberization behaviour of potato cultivars of different maturity classes was established. Twenty-six sets of temperature, photoperiod and photosynthetic photon flux values were assayed on the eight potato cultivars Jaerla, Zorba, Spunta, Kennebec, Turia, Désirée, Baraka and Fénix. In vitro tuberization was influenced by cultivar, photoperiod and temperature. The environmental condition defined by 12 h photoperiod, 34 μmol m–2 s–1 of photosynthetic photon flux and 25°C temperature produced statistical differences in tuberization among maturity classes. Both the earliness of tuberization and the “degree of tuberization” (based on the type of microtubers developed) permitted assigning a cultivar to a maturity class. Early cultivars showed higher readiness to tuberize and higher values of “degree of tuberization” than late cultivars.