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[Meiosis in Microsporidia: effects on biological cycles].

Synaptinemal complexes have been demonstrated in 7 microsporidian species belonging to 6 different genera (Gurleya, Thelohania, Pleistophora, Tuzetia, Baculea, Glugea). Thus, it can be presumed that a meiosis and consequently a karyogamy occur during their life cycle. Meisis occurs at the beginning of sporogony; therefore, karyogamy, must occur between spore and merogany, i.e. during the poorly known part of the life cycle. In the microsporidian species studied, with uninucleate spores and diplokaryotic merogony (Thelohania for instance), the 2 joined nuclei, each of them containing meiotic chromosomes, not only fail to fuse, but actually separate at the beginning of sporogony; afterwards, each of them undergoes meiosis. Their separation is accompanied by the appearance of an organelle whose structure and function are poorly understood. However, its structure resembles that of the kinetic center. The Nosema species studied do not have synaptinemal complexes; thus, their life cycle is difficult to understand: either karyogamy and meiosis occur during the unobserved part of the life-cycle, or sexual phanomena are absent altogether. In the latter case, the Nosema-type life cycle might be limited to vegetative multiplication which could be explained by the dimorphism theory of Microsporidia. It is shown also in the present study that the life cycle of Microsporidia does not involve haploid organisms which it might be thought to contain by comparing it with the cycles of sporozoa.