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Ex vivo experiment on radiofrequency liver ablation with saline infusion through a screw-tip cannulated electrode.

PURPOSE
To investigate whether radiofrequency (RF) therapy with hypertonic saline infusion through a hollow screw-tip electrode can cause a lesion size suitable for liver tumor ablation.


MATERIALS AND METHODS
RF tissue ablation of 180 sites was performed by using a hollow screw-tip electrode in 40 freshly excised swine livers. Under both power and temperature control modes, the ablation effects with and without various regimes of 5% hypertonic saline (1 ml/min) prior to and/or during the procedure were compared by measuring the size of lesions at dissection and confirmed by T1 and T2 weighted magnetic resonance (MR) imaging.


RESULTS
The maximal lesion diameter of 5.5 cm was reached at 30 W with saline infusion 1 min prior to and during 12 min of ablation. The smaller sizes (P < 0.01) between 0.3 and 2.5 cm in diameter were met with noninfusion or preinfusion-only groups. The RF ablation lesions appeared as hyper- and hypointense areas on T1 and T2 MR images, respectively.


CONCLUSIONS
RF ablation in combination with present hollow screw-tip electrode and saline infusion allows for necrotic development of suitable size for liver tumor ablation. Such ablated lesions can be visualized with MR imaging.