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Nonadiabatic tunneling ionization of atoms in elliptically polarized laser fields

We theoretically investigate the nonadiabatic effects in strong field tunneling ionization of atoms in elliptically polarized laser fields by solving the 3D time-dependent Schrödinger equation (TDSE). Comparing our TDSE results with those of two semi-classical methods, i.e., the quantum-trajectory Monte Carlo simulation (QTMC) and the Coulomb-corrected strong field approximation (CCSFA), we confirm the existence of the nonadiabatic effects with its fingerprint in the nonzero initial lateral velocity at the tunneling exit in the laser polarization plane. Our study shows that these nonadiabatic initial lateral momentum effects become significant in high ellipticity or circularly polarized laser field. These results indicate that the calibration of the experimental laser intensity in this situation should be performed nonadiabatically, which may strongly affect the results of the real tunneling time delay measurements.