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The Mexican Revolution and the U.S. Border: Research Perspectives

The Mexican Revolution of 1910–1920 marked the end of the status quo that had characterized U.S.–Mexican diplomatic relations during Porfirio Diaz’s thirty-year regime and initiated a phase of difficult bilateral relations. Starting in 1911, the policies of President William H. Taft toward the border region were aimed, first, at preventing subversive actions from originating in U.S. territory; second, at restraining arms and ammunition exports to rebel groups; and, finally, at intensifying border surveillance of the Southwest by U.S. armed forces. When the second phase of the revolution broke out in 1913, following the murder of President Francisco I. Madero and the rise to power of General Victoriano Huerta, the new administration of Woodrow Wilson continued his predecessor’s policies. Mexican and Mexicanist historiography has analyzed the diplomatic policy of the period in its various aspects:1 the political activity of refugees and exiles of the Maderist era and of revolutionaries, all of whom used the border as a base for their activities, as did counterrevolutionaries when World War II broke out;2 the theme of the exiles and their cultural and political profile, which recently has been the subject of new research;3 and the repercussions of these activities on political life in the U.S. border states, in consideration of the fact that beginning in 1913, counting on a sympathetic response, the Constitutionalists tried to establish links with the Mexican-origin population in the United States to organize the fight against Huerta. 4