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Skilled Indians in Switzerland

Global transformations and technological advances have helped generate communication and information systems and transport networks that have facilitated connections between people and their mobility. The intensification of international migration, which involves increased movements of skilled persons to countries other than their own has led to concerns about the effects that it has on developing countries (Castles and Miller 2009). Although we are now witnessing a type of human mobility, especially in the case of skilled professionals, that is of a more temporary and flexible nature than that of previous decades, the social capital accumulated by these people and their transnational connections has taken on a particular relevance. The studies that examine the power of western countries to attract talent mention the demand for skilled professionals in innovative production sectors, the internationalisation of higher education, the prestige of academic and research institutions, the proliferation of postgraduate scholarships and migratory policies. These elements, combined with others of an emotional and personal nature, play a decisive role in mobility-related decisions and about whether migrants remain in the host country or return to their country of origin. India is a very interesting case to study for several reasons. Until the last decade, the vast majority of skilled Indians saw the United States as their main destination for work or study, but in more recent times, the countries of continental Europe have become alternative destinations, especially within the academic, research and engineering sectors. As India has developed into one of the countries of origin with the largest number of skilled personnel and international students, it has been increasingly considered as a priority country in public higher-education and labour-market strategies. Its growing global importance in terms of science, technology and innovation has also seen it become an essential partner for scientific cooperation and research. In addition, more and more skilled Indians are seen as being capable of generating social transformations in India, with recent studies confirming their role in the development of knowledgeintensive activities there and their active involvement in the country’s integration into the global market (Kapur 2004; Saxenian 2006). This has reinforced the image of the Indian diaspora as having an important role to play as an active and creative mediator that is generating change in India (Leclerc and Meyer 2007; Siddiqui and Tejada 2014). While the mobility of skilled Indians to Europe has attracted plenty of attention, we still know very little