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The Influence of a Pumping Chamber on Hydraulic Losses in a Mixed-Flow Pump

In this study, entropy generation theory based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is used to study the influence of a pumping chamber type (guide vane and volute scheme) on the spatial distribution of hydraulic loss in a mixed-flow pump. The CFD data of the mixed-flow pump with a volute is validated by external characteristic test data under Q = 561.4–1598.6 m3/h. The results show that the efficiency and the head of the guide vanes scheme are lower under Q = 800–1200 m3/h, which resulted from a higher total entropy production (TEP) in the pumping chamber and outlet pipe. The high total entropy production rate (TEPR) inside the guide vanes can be found near the leading edge of the hub side and trailing edge of the rim side due to flow separation, which reduces the recovery efficiency of kinetic energy of the guide vanes. The high TEPR inside outlet pipe can be seen near the inlet, caused by back flow. However, the efficiency and head of the volute scheme are lower, under Q = 1200–1600 m3/h, owing to the fact that the volute cannot effectively convert kinetic energy into pressure energy and thus the high TEPR can be found near outlet of volute and inlet of outlet pipe. These results can provide useful suggestions to the matching optimization of the impeller and pumping chamber in a mixed-flow pump.