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Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in Prediabetes.

Aims: To study the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its components in prediabetes and to compare the anthropometric indices [waist circumference (WC), hip circumference, waist-hip ratio, waist-height ratio] as predictors of metabolic syndrome in prediabetes. Methods: A total of 300 subjects (200 prediabetic cases and 100 matched normoglycemic controls) in the age group of 18-70 years were recruited for the study. Among the cases, there were 38% of males and 62% of females; and there were 33% of males and 67% of females in the control group. Prediabetes was diagnosed using the American Diabetic Association (ADA) criteria, and metabolic syndrome was diagnosed using the International Diabetes Federation criteria. Results: Prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 63% among the cases and 26% among the normoglycemic controls. Among cases, 56.5% of males and 66.9% of females, and among the controls, 36.3% of males and 20.9% of females had metabolic syndrome. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome increased with age and increasing body mass index among both the cases and controls. Central obesity was found to be the most common component of metabolic syndrome among prediabetic males (80.2%) and females (82.2%). The most common cluster of abnormality among the cases and controls was found to be increased WC plus low high-density lipoprotein plus increased triglycerides. Logistic regression analysis was applied to anthropometric indices, and it was found that increased WC had the maximum predictive power for metabolic syndrome among the subjects with prediabetes. Conclusion: Metabolic syndrome was more prevalent in the prediabetic population in comparison to the normoglycemic individuals with increased WC being the most prevalent component. Increased WC had the maximum predictive power for occurrence of metabolic syndrome among prediabetic subjects.