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The role of the radiologist in the management of gastrointestinal bleeding.

The purposes of this article are to clarify the current status of barium studies, radionuclide scans, and arteriography in the diagnosis and management of the bleeding patient; to provide one interventional radiologist's approach to the diagnosis and management of both upper and lower gastrointestinal tract hemorrhage in the adult population, incorporating both radiologic and nonradiologic techniques; and to review the diagnosis and management of several less frequent causes and special categories of bleeding, such as that associated with portal hypertension.