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MOS CCDs for the European Photon Imaging Camera

The X-ray Astronomy group at the University of Leicester is responsible for the development of two out of three of the focal plane cameras for the EPIC instrument on ESA's cornerstone mission XMM. CCDs are being developed in collaboration with EEV Ltd. of Chelmsford, UK, to perform the imaging spectroscopy at the prime focus of the telescope. The detectors require Fano-limited energy resolution and high detection efficiency over the 0.1 - 15 keV band. Devices are being constructed using high resistivity bulk silicon (> 8000 (Omega) cm) producing deep depletion, with an efficiency at the iron line (6.4 keV) of 85%. The low energy (< 1 keV) X-ray performance is being maximized in the front-illumination devices by using novel `open electrode' structures resulting in an efficiency of 23% at carbon- k (277 eV). The test results of devices manufactured are presented for a range of X-ray lines and the data are compared to modelled results based on the device parameters.