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Prepaid metering system for isolated microgrids

This paper describes two implementations of prepaid metering systems for isolated microgrids. The first implementation uses GSM as its communication channel. The system is composed of smart meters with GSM capability and a utility server that handles all the accounting and reloading processes. The system allows communication among the supplier or microgrid owner, the consumers, and the retailers through SMS. The second implementation replaces the GSM module with a Zigbee module which allows communication on areas without cellular access. This system is composed of smart meters and a base station which communicate with each other up to a certain distance. The results show that the meter performs accurate energy measurements for both linear and non-linear loads. The smart meter, utility server, and base station are also able to properly handle all incoming and outgoing messages in modest duration given a moderate GSM signal strength or a certain distance whether indoors or outdoors. The server is also able to reload, audit and disconnect the meters whenever necessary.