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Estimation of HY-2B Main Reflector Emissivity From Cold Space Observations

The scanning microwave radiometer (SMR) is an important payload of the Haiyang-2B (HY-2B) satellite. The main reflector of the SMR has its own emission due to the imperfect reflector material and surface roughness; however, the reflector’s emissivity was not measured or estimated during the prelaunch phase. During the post-launch phase, it was discovered that the radiation contribution from the reflector changed with its position and over time. This phenomenon affected the accuracy of the calibration by a few Kelvins. This report analyzes the main reflector’s emissivity based on the observed results when HY-2B pitched over to view the homogeneous and isotropic cold space. The emissivity of the reflector was approximately 3%, but owing to the larger field of view, the emissivity of 6.925 and 10.7 GHz were not well assessed. After the radiation from the reflector has been corrected, the calibration error caused by the reflector’s emissivity is reduced.