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Identification of Sweet Basil Accessions Rich in Herbage, Essential Oil, and Anethole Yield from India

ABSTRACT Sixteen accessions of sweet basil obtained from different parts of India were studied for qualitative and quantitative characters. The highest oil percent in green herbage, essential oil yield, and anethole yield were recorded in DOB-1 at full bloom stage. DOB-1 leaves had the highest number of peltate glands (PG) at all three stages (young, mature, and old based on leaf position on axis); the lowest was observed in DOB-2. The number of PG and oil content were positively correlated; however, an inverse relationship was observed between leaf age and the number of PG. The extract from green herbage was compared for their chemical compositions through chemical profiling. The highest anethole were observed in DOB-1 at full blooming stage. Overall, the sweet basil accessions DOB-1 and DOB-5 were superior in herbage, oil, and anethole yield that can be used further in improvement programs.