

The Uses of Awkwardness

by Dan Alter

The Inside of an Apple, by Joshua Beckman, Wave Books, Seattle and New York, 2013, 91 pages, $18.00 paperback,

FULL DISCLOSURE: I am a fan of Joshua Beckman’s poetry. I have found his idiosyncratic, always evolving, sometimes frustrating work to be well worth the trouble; his experiments have opened up possibilities for me as a writer. It’s not easy to define what about his work has won me over so fully. Maybe its courage to continually risk and reinvent, its restless pushing at the possibilities of communication, of form, of honesty and transparency in use of poetic device. Maybe its quiet, subtle particularity, which has the sense of new things being worked out in making poems from the way we think, talk, and see the world. Not how we should do those things but how we actually do.

In his latest book, Beckman has swung back from his previous full-length collection Take It, which was full of kaleidoscopic, ragged personae-ish poems and stood at the greatest ironic distance from readers of any of his work. The new book is a very spare, stripped down work, on multiple levels: relatively short at ninety-one pages, mostly using a very short line of one to three beats, and mostly short poems. More than that, the heart of the work is stripped back to a bare, vulnerable seeing and feeling.

For example:

Yeah well

my heart's a bean

wind clanking


and in the air

again I hear

thin happy music

about being alone

(This is a complete piece, untitled per Beckman's custom. Most of the poems have this drifting typography or moving margin, which has the effect of softening the edges of the lines, and loosening the prosody up to the shape of a drifting thought. It's also difficult to reproduce for quoting, so my quotes will be inexact.)

"Yeah well," it starts in medias res, but in the middle of not a plot, but a conversation or response. Then comes a piece of diction so odd or quirky that it humbles or undercuts the lyrical mode: "my heart's a bean." I think of this as the "flaw," and they show up in almost every poem, always vivid and interesting and inelegant. The unpunctuated poem moves paratactically inside to outside, with three lines about air, wind, and sound, and then flows back toward the speaker's inner world with the "thin happy music/ about being alone," which poises delicately between pathos and benign experience. All of it in language which doesn't claim any high poetic register, but stays close to how most of as talk and think. So these are many of Beckman's elements in this book.

The poems move between more personal, emotional weight:

I'm naked too

and sick

a kind of

blood song

falls out of me

(from "[flecks")

and ones which lean more to precise and lovely description. To quote another complete (untitled) poem:

damp sprung run

of dirty clothes

play on my bed

and lamplight

(August 28)

summer's Alaskahalfem

crooked on the wall

and clapping of dishes

in the woo woo kitchen

puts me to sleep

chilly or no

The speaker is marginally present, just his sleepiness and clothes-mess on bed in a slow set of observations. The poem takes off in lines six to nine, with the string of elusive, delightful phrases, "summer's Alaska/ crooked on the wall." (This could the chill in the middle of summer.) And the dishes not clattering but clapping like happy people, which ties in with the kitchen where pop music might be playing, or something else in the world of "woo woo," be it people cheering or children's noises. In this way Beckman plays at the edge of communication and open-endedness.

Another untitled poem works directly on this question of where the observing speaker fits into the observed world:

On 13th street

where there are cherry trees

and children brought

by their parents to live

in calm patterned seclusions kept

the day flowers and in a bowl

I poured the water.

If one feels nothing

and still sees, sees with his eyes

if one sees with his eyes sees with his eyes

Here, except for the line with "seclusions" (that's the "flaw"), the language stays strictly ordinary. Intensity accrues in the paratactic spareness, enjambments pressing against syntax to spread out meaning, e.g. "the day flowers and in a bowl" sits by itself, so that "flower" hovers between noun and verb. But the mode shifts from documentary to full emotion with the second stanza. The rhythm speeds up and the lines lengthen as the speaker places numbness against persisting and continuing to "[see] with his eyes." The "one" of this stanza, next to the "I" who poured water in the previous one, moves away from the first person to speak for the writer, or the children, or parents in the life of "calm patterned seclusions." In such a muted, downplayed aesthetic, all that repetition is electric, haunting.

This aesthetic of spareness traces a lineage to William Carlos Williams. Maybe the most pronounced echo of Williams is the thin page-trailing piece "How the mountain calmed me down" with its one-syllable lines, calling to mind Williams' "The Locust Tree in Flower," ("Among/…," " bright//green/…"). "Madrigal of trashbird," another poem of close observation, of a bird hopping in the street with a hair wrapped around its beak, echoes Williams's "The Term," though this poem moves back and forth from this mode to the ironic mode I'll come back to.

I want to say more about the "flaw," Beckman's awkwardness, the way he works against being "poetic."

Baby snows come in October

I see them

in my mind

they're crystalline

and eachy

(from "first snow")

(This poem has particularly airy lineation, which does make it much like the snows it describes.) "Eachy," spell-check marks it red, is the "flaw" or point where the language twists into an interesting and awkward position. The neologism does real work for communicating a thought about the particularity of the little snows, and at the same time in its oddness it turns toward the inscrutable. This twist can be at the level of vocabulary, diction, or syntax, but it appears in almost every poem, decentering the music, stretching away from harmony, refusing to be graceful.

Sometimes whole poems, or longer passages, work in this mode, with strained diction, playful and/or ironic tones distancing the poem from its content or the reader. "God's cabin's a jungle/" begins one example, "ain't no fear of lions there." "That's Not What I'd Do" is another of these longer poems in the ironic register (and a rare one with a title). "The blue ghosts of what they call equipage," Beckman writes in the middle of a playful, somewhat inscrutable stanza about "my little dressed-up poem." "What they call" allows him to bracket a word like equipage that isn't part of the regular speech and thought from which he builds his poetry. I think the longer pieces in this mode do the same thing, to extend the poetry's range to think about things that can't be handled with sincerity or starkness, that need more complexity, that need to be bracketed. This mode is part of Beckman's pressure against unthinking poetic posture, his determination to expose the workings of his own mind and not fall back on some accepted poetic code.

This use of what I'm calling awkwardness is part of how Beckman stays true, but also takes risks, and the risks can lead to thrilling payoffs. In the poem "porch light," this kind of off-centered diction ("I am not encumbered by those things/ which the flattened embanking leaves/ beneath your spread coat portend") mixes with the spare Williamsian observational register of the book. The poem plays around,

I'm going to call this poem windows,

win-dows win-dows

repeat as strange song in head

until bus comes.

using self-reflexiveness about writing to showcase an uncomfortable consciousness. After a bit more observation about the "red light wire" which "hung there thinly dazzling," Beckman declares he'll call the poem "porch light,/ porch light porch light." The poem flips back into the ironic register and ends with some anonymous figures striding over the hillside,

scanning the treetops to see

a branch right for a funeral box,

a grass hinge in the fire fluttering.

To my ear this last line flashes out of the off-kilter irony with a surprising, breathtaking loveliness. A "grass hinge" doesn't give us exactly a signified object, but it does evoke a field of interesting possibilities.

On the other hand, the decentered mode also arguably plays a role of concealment, of camouflage. This is one of the tensions in Beckman's work—a dance of how much the emotional world is exposed, or left "in things," addressed head-on, or hidden behind a gauze of irony and indefinition. Remember the speaker in the poem quoted above who "feels nothing/ and still sees, sees with his eyes." A poem toward the end of the collection turns directly to this tension:

falling terrors of

feeling night

so gotten down

this storied tumbling

roar of wind

and batted brush

I write

of canyon rocks

and point out pretty

colored shapes

then cower in my shaking room

In some wild place with a fierce wind blowing outside, the "terrors of/ feeling night" and the "cower" of the first and last lines bracket his effort to be a "nature poet." His room is shaking because of his own terror, or the wind; the inner and outer worlds fuse and foil his attempts to inscribe tranquil natural beauty.

In this collection there's quite a range of emotion, from fear to tenderness toward another person or the world, from bitterness to playfulness. I think as his work develops Beckman is finding ways, from occasional deployment of a title, to exposing more inner feeling, to let himself be pinned down and found by the reader.

There are so many superb and memorable moments in this collection. From the first lines of the opening poem:


that form from bells

planes that act

like stars

with simple monosyllables delicately opening up layers of meaning; to the closing poem, which begins:

Let my still dark soul

be music. A made whistle

floating out a window


This piece is almost an ars poetica, a call to something quiet and obscure inside him to be music, but what kind of music? a whistle, the humblest of instruments (and then it floats out a "window/ arranged," the recurrent twist into the odd and elusive). The speaker reaches down to pick up some "little thing." Then the book closes where it opened in the night sky:

Eight dead stars

make a sickle,

and the earth

is covered in grass.

Again the simple syllables "arrange" into a careful, surprising pattern, that does take us out that window into the world of vast spaces, so much time that dead stars can still give us light, and a sickle that might cut the grass that covers the world. That's the Beckman package—a poetics struggling against itself, resisting its own poem-ness, dancing in and out of hiding, full of risks and innovations, loveliness that is difficult to explain. Not being able to explain is perhaps the point—these are poems that work gently, respectfully, insistently, almost reverently around the incommunicable. They do this without giving up on communicating something important.

Dan Alter lives and writes in northern California's East Bay.







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