All Medical Units

Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases

Endocrinology is a branch of science which deals with the disorders occurring in the body due to the hormonal structure, the mechanism of action and the unusual secretion. Hormones are secreted by the endocrine glands. Glands are organs that secrete hormones.

Hormones have many functions in our bodies. In addition to the reproduction and body development, they affect the absorption of nutrients by the digestive system in different ways. At the same time, they also control the positive and negative reactions of our organs to the outside world. The mood and activity are affected by the hormones at certain rates. The endocrine glands that secrete hormones in the human body are: Pituitary gland, hypothalamus, epiphysis, thyroid and parathyroid, pancreas, adrenal, ovaries and testicles. The hormones secreted by these glands are spread throughout the body through the blood circulation. Hormones protect our body's balance. Some changes in the secretion of hormones lead to the impaired body balance and the occurrence of various diseases. In the hormonal secretion by endocrine glands, there are usually two different alternations:

  1. Less hormone production and secretion. This is called "hypofunction" in the medical language.
  2. Excessive hormone secretion This is called “hyperfunction”.

The most common endocrine diseases are

  • Diabetes mellitus
  • Thyroid gland diseases
  • Obesity - Hypoglycemia
  • Hirsutism (excessive body hair)
  • "Polycystic ovaries" resulting in the menstrual irregularity