@article {1572, title = {Use of recovery biomarkers to calibrate nutrient consumption self-reports in the Women{\textquoteright}s Health Initiative.}, journal = {American journal of epidemiology}, volume = {167}, year = {2008}, month = {2008 May 15}, pages = {1247-59}, abstract = {

Underreporting of energy consumption by self-report is well-recognized, but previous studies using recovery biomarkers have not been sufficiently large to establish whether participant characteristics predict misreporting. In 2004-2005, 544 participants in the Women\&$\#$39;s Health Initiative Dietary Modification Trial completed a doubly labeled water protocol (energy biomarker), 24-hour urine collection (protein biomarker), and self-reports of diet (assessed by food frequency questionnaire (FFQ)), exercise, and lifestyle habits; 111 women repeated all procedures after 6 months. Using linear regression, the authors estimated associations of participant characteristics with misreporting, defined as the extent to which the log ratio (self-reported FFQ/nutritional biomarker) was less than zero. Intervention women in the trial underreported energy intake by 32\% (vs. 27\% in the comparison arm) and protein intake by 15\% (vs. 10\%). Younger women had more underreporting of energy (p = 0.02) and protein (p = 0.001), while increasing body mass index predicted increased underreporting of energy and overreporting of percentage of energy derived from protein (p = 0.001 and p = 0.004, respectively). Blacks and Hispanics underreported more than did Caucasians. Correlations of initial measures with repeat measures (n = 111) were 0.72, 0.70, 0.46, and 0.64 for biomarker energy, FFQ energy, biomarker protein, and FFQ protein, respectively. Recovery biomarker data were used in regression equations to calibrate self-reports; the potential application of these equations to disease risk modeling is presented. The authors confirm the existence of systematic bias in dietary self-reports and provide methods of correcting for measurement error.

}, keywords = {2008, Aged, Biological Markers, Body Mass Index, Center-Authored Paper, Diet Records, Dietary Proteins, Energy Intake, Female, Food Habits, Humans, Linear Models, Middle Aged, Nutrition Assessment Core Facility, Postmenopause, Questionnaires, Women{\textquoteright}s Health}, issn = {1476-6256}, author = {Neuhouser, Marian L and Tinker, Lesley and Shaw, Pamela A and Schoeller, Dale and Bingham, Sheila A and Horn, Linda Van and Beresford, Shirley A A and Caan, Bette and Thomson, Cynthia and Satterfield, Suzanne and Kuller, Lew and Heiss, Gerardo and Smit, Ellen and Sarto, Gloria and Ockene, Judith and Stefanick, Marcia L and Assaf, Annlouise and Runswick, Shirley and Prentice, Ross L} }