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(710 words)

Author(s): Wischmeyer, Wolfgang


(1,756 words)

Author(s): Fritz, Volkmar | Wischmeyer, Wolfgang

Apollonius, Roman martyr

(130 words)

Author(s): Wischmeyer, Wolfgang

Acts of the Martyrs

(852 words)

Author(s): Wischmeyer, Wolfgang


(302 words)

Author(s): Wischmeyer, Wolfgang
[German Version] The Roman Colonia Arelate was established in 46 bceon the Rhône in southern France. Although its episcopal list begins c. 240 with Trophimus, the first bishop for whom we have clear evidence is Marcianus, a follower of Novatian, in 254. Arles served repeatedly as a meeting place for synods, including one in 314 (dealing among other issues with Donatism) and another in 353 (Homoeans). From the 4th century on, the city had to compete with Vienne. When Arles became the seat of the prefecture of Gaul in 395, this competition led to a partition of Provincia Viennensis. In the 5th century, the monastery Lerinum (Lérins) came to control appointments to the bishopric of Arles. The episcopate of Caesarius of Arles, who was appointed vicar apostolic in 513, receiving the pallium and the title “Primas Galliae,” was a high point in the history of Arles. The see's metropolitan jurisdiction, which had become much reduced, was dissolved in 1802 and Arle…

Poor, Care of the

(5,426 words)


Martyrs, Veneration of

(688 words)

Author(s): Wischmeyer, Wolfgang


(6,592 words)


Cyprian of Carthage

(603 words)

Author(s): Wischmeyer, Wolfgang

Agnes, Saint

(165 words)

Author(s): Wischmeyer, Wolfgang

Innocent I, Pope (Saint)

(242 words)

Author(s): Wischmeyer, Wolfgang

Scillitan Martyrs

(166 words)

Author(s): Wischmeyer, Wolfgang

Apollonia of Alexandria, Saint

(123 words)

Author(s): Wischmeyer, Wolfgang


(896 words)

Author(s): Wischmeyer, Wolfgang


(11,663 words)


Discipline of the Secret

(1,180 words)

Author(s): Graf, Fritz | Wischmeyer, Wolfgang

Rossi, Giovanni Battista de

(201 words)

Author(s): Wischmeyer, Wolfgang

Cosmas and Damian, Saints

(265 words)

Author(s): Wischmeyer, Wolfgang
[German Version] (feast day: Sep 26). As probably the most beloved of the Anargyroi (“those ¶ who heal without payment”), this uncertain eastern hagiological tradition (Syr., Gk, Arab., Georg., Lat.; three versions of the legend are distinguished: Passio Asiatica, BHG 372, 385–393, feast day: Nov 1; Passio Romana, BHG 376, feast day: Jul 1; Passio Arabica, BHG 378f., feast day: Oct 18), which is important for the history of medicine, knows of three pairs of physician brothers by this name in a large geographical area, including Rome, Constantinople, and Asia Minor, but with a distinct center in Syria, and especially in Cyrrhus. In the basilica there dedicated to Cosmas and Damian, according to perhaps the oldest source, Rabbūlā converted to their veneration around 400; the oldest portrayal in Hagios Georgios in Thessaloniki is a little older. Churches bearing their names can be identified in the 5th century in Constantinople, in the 6th century in Rome, Ravenna, and Poreč. After the 6th century Cosmas and Damian also appear in the Canon Missae. Their cult has been vital in the West since the Carolingian period (Prümm, Essen, Hildesheim), with focal points of veneration in Westphalia and Lower Saxony, but also in southern Germany. They were venerated into the modern period as patrons of the sick and of physicians and are depicted on related …

Stephen I, Pope (Saint)

(191 words)

Author(s): Wischmeyer, Wolfgang

Carpus, Papylus, and Agathonice

(178 words)

Author(s): Wischmeyer, Wolfgang

Stephanus I.

(170 words)

Author(s): Wischmeyer, Wolfgang
[English Version] von Rom Mai 254–256/57 (2.8.255 nach dem Catalogus Liberianus und der Depositio episcoporum [CPL 2028 bzw. 2250]). Grab des als Märtyrer Verehrten: Rom, S. Callisto, Cripta dei Papi. S. kennen wir nur aus den Stellungnahmen Firmilians von Caesarea und Cyprians von Karthago (ep. 67–75), die gegen die Position des röm. Bf. protestierten, der durchsetzen wollte, bei denjenigen, die aus dem Schisma zurückkehren, eine Wiedertaufe auszuschließen und ihnen nur die Hand aufzulegen (Ketzer…


(9,960 words)



(187 words)

Author(s): Wischmeyer, Wolfgang
[English Version] Rossi, Giovanni Battista de (22.2.1822 Rom – 20.9.1894 Castel Gandolfo). Der Jurist R. zeichnete sich durch zahlreiche archäologische Initiativen und Publikationen zum kirchl. Altertum aus und begründete damit die Christl. Archäologie (: III.) als eine eigenständige Wiss. Dabei vertrat R. apologetisch eine die röm. Schule des Faches lang prägende Romzentrierung, gleichzeitig bemüht um Kontakt zur internationalen Altertumswiss. Hervorragendes leistete er (z.T. mit Th. Mommsen) in seinem Spezialgebiet Epigraphik. Wolfgang Wischmeyer Bibliography We…

Scil(l)itanische Märtyrer

(152 words)

Author(s): Wischmeyer, Wolfgang
[English Version] . Der in Protokollform vf. Bericht über eine christl. Gruppe der Africa Proconsularis, die am 17.7.180 in Karthago das Martyrium erlitten hat, nennt wohl das älteste Datum des nordafrikanischen Christentums (Nordafrika: III.) und ist das älteste Zeugnis der christl. lat. Lit. (Literaturgeschichte: V.). Obwohl wir nicht wissen, wo Scilli lag, wie viele Christen verurteilt wurden und wann unser Text in seiner ältesten Fassung geschrieben wurde, eröffnet er eine Reihe von wichtigen …
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