Encapsulation and abstraction both form fundamental OOP or object-oriented programming ideas that make possible for you to put real-world entities into practice within codes and programmes. While both can be said to be hand and glove; they tend to be incredibly poles apart from each other. While each method forms an encapsulation, at the same time it forms an abstraction. To put it in simple words, as you place diverse entities in unison to craft an object, you, in reality, build a concept.  


In actuality, abstraction makes a fundamental object-oriented programming notion that takes into account merely the germane data of a thing and conceals the whole of the unrelated details that may not be or can be for specialised or generic behaviour. It conceals the details regarding background and lays stress on the crucial points to diminish intricacy and boost efficiency. Fundamentally, abstraction forms a programming tool to handle intricacy. Abstraction concentrates on notions instead of events. It conceals the aspects regarding the design level by offering functionality to its users.  


Another object-oriented notion forms the encapsulation that unites data and works into one constituent and at the same time confining access to a few constituents. This forms one among the chief radical notions of object-oriented programming that envelopes information and data underneath one unit. When talking in technical terms , encapsulation suggests concealing traits to safeguard variables from exterior access with the notion that change taking place in one part relating to an application does not influence the other parts.


Distinction amid encapsulation and abstraction

While both happen to be fundamentally notions linked to OOP, and they can be thought to be technically indivisible, they show variations in numerous facets that make a difference between encapsulation and abstraction.

Distinction amid definition of two

Abstraction forms a radical object-oriented programming notion that lays emphasis on the whole of the vital facets of a thing by concealing the unrelated details to boost efficiency and do away with intricacy. Encapsulation, conversely, makes a data concealing method that envelopes information and data within a capsule to confine access from an exterior realm.

Distinction amid functionality of two

Abstraction forms a data concealing method that lays stress merely on the crucial characteristics to render intricate programmes simple, on the contrary, encapsulation forms mechanism of uniting codes and data into one object. The purpose behind it is to safeguard the implementation particulars from exterior access.

Distinction amid implementation of two

Abstraction forms implemented utilising abstract interface and class, while encapsulation makes implemented utilising access modifiers. There exist five kinds of modifiers that are utilised to encapsulate information: protected internal, protected, public, internal, and private.  

Distinction amid concept of two

The notion of working behind abstraction happens to concentrate on ‘what’ in place of “how”. Encapsulation conceals the interior mechanics relating to “how”. Such as whenever you ply a car on the road, you are exactly familiar with what brake pedal is intended to do but you are not possibly aware of the entire mechanism underlying it since the whole of the data is encapsulated.