@article{7fcc8b5e276b4283a3347559d57e5828, title = "Black holes, gravitational waves and fundamental physics: a roadmap", abstract = " The grand challenges of contemporary fundamental physics---dark matter, dark energy, vacuum energy, inflation and early universe cosmology, singularities and the hierarchy problem---all involve gravity as a key component. And of all gravitational phenomena, black holes stand out in their elegant simplicity, while harbouring some of the most remarkable predictions of General Relativity: event horizons, singularities and ergoregions. The hitherto invisible landscape of the gravitational Universe is being unveiled before our eyes: the historical direct detection of gravitational waves by the LIGO-Virgo collaboration marks the dawn of a new era of scientific exploration. Gravitational-wave astronomy will allow us to test models of black hole formation, growth and evolution, as well as models of gravitational-wave generation and propagation. It will provide evidence for event horizons and ergoregions, test the theory of General Relativity itself, and may reveal the existence of new fundamental fields. The synthesis of these results has the potential to radically reshape our understanding of the cosmos and of the laws of Nature. The purpose of this work is to present a concise, yet comprehensive overview of the state of the art in the relevant fields of research, summarize important open problems, and lay out a roadmap for future progress. ", keywords = "birth and evolution of black holes, black holes, fundamental physics, gravitational waves, gravitational-wave astronomy, source modelling", author = "Leor Barack and Vitor Cardoso and Samaya Nissanke and Sotiriou, {Thomas P.} and Abbas Askar and Krzysztof Belczynski and Gianfranco Bertone and Edi Bon and Diego Blas and Richard Brito and Tomasz Bulik and Clare Burrage and Byrnes, {Christian T.} and Chiara Caprini and Masha Chernyakova and Piotr Chrusciel and Monica Colpi and Valeria Ferrari and Daniele Gaggero and Jonathan Gair and Juan Garcia-Bellido and Hassan, {S. F.} and Lavinia Heisenberg and Martin Hendry and Heng, {Ik Siong} and Carlos Herdeiro and Tanja Hinderer and Assaf Horesh and Kavanagh, {Bradley J.} and Bence Kocsis and Michael Kramer and Tiec, {Alexandre Le} and Chiara Mingarelli and Germano Nardini and Gijs Nelemans and Carlos Palenzuela and Paolo Pani and Albino Perego and Porter, {Edward K.} and Rossi, {Elena M.} and Patricia Schmidt and Alberto Sesana and Ulrich Sperhake and Antonio Stamerra and Stein, {Leo C.} and Nicola Tamanini and Tauris, {Thomas M.} and Urena-Lopez, {L. Arturo} and Frederic Vincent and Marta Volonteri and Barry Wardell and Norbert Wex and Kent Yagi and Tiziano Abdelsalhin and Aloy, {Miguel Angel} and Pau Amaro-Seoane and Lorenzo Annulli and Manuel Arca-Sedda and Ibrahima Bah and Enrico Barausse and Elvis Barakovic and Robert Benkel and Bennett, {Charles L.} and Laura Bernard and Sebastiano Bernuzzi and Berry, {Christopher P. L.} and Emanuele Berti and Miguel Bezares and Blanco-Pillado, {Jose Juan} and Blazquez-Salcedo, {Jose Luis} and Matteo Bonetti and Mateja Boskovic and Zeljka Bosnjak and Katja Bricman and Bernd Bruegmann and Capelo, {Pedro R.} and Sante Carloni and Pablo Cerda-Duran and Christos Charmousis and Sylvain Chaty and Aurora Clerici and Andrew Coates and Marta Colleoni and Collodel, {Lucas G.} and Geoffrey Compere and William Cook and Isabel Cordero-Carrion and Miguel Correia and Cruz-Dombriz, {Alvaro de la} and Czinner, {Viktor G.} and Kyriakos Destounis and Kostas Dialektopoulos and Daniela Doneva and Massimo Dotti and Amelia Drew and Christopher Eckner and James Edholm and Roberto Emparan and Recai Erdem and Miguel Ferreira and Ferreira, {Pedro G.} and Andrew Finch and Font, {Jose A.} and Nicola Franchini and Kwinten Fransen and Dmitry Gal'tsov and Apratim Ganguly and Davide Gerosa and Kostas Glampedakis and Andreja Gomboc and Ariel Goobar and Leonardo Gualtieri and Eduardo Guendelman and Francesco Haardt and Troels Harmark and Filip Hejda and Thomas Hertog and Seth Hopper and Sascha Husa and Nada Ihanec and Taishi Ikeda and Amruta Jaodand and Jimenez-Forteza, {Philippe Jetzer Xisco} and Marc Kamionkowski and Kaplan, {David E.} and Stelios Kazantzidis and Masashi Kimura and Shiho Kobayashi and Kostas Kokkotas and Julian Krolik and Jutta Kunz and Claus Lammerzahl and Paul Lasky and Lemos, {Jose P. S.} and Said, {Jackson Levi} and Stefano Liberati and Jorge Lopes and Raimon Luna and Yin-Zhe Ma and Elisa Maggio and Montero, {Marina Martinez} and Andrea Maselli and Lucio Mayer and Anupam Mazumdar and Christopher Messenger and Brice Menard and Masato Minamitsuji and Moore, {Christopher J.} and David Mota and Sourabh Nampalliwar and Andrea Nerozzi and David Nichols and Emil Nissimov and Martin Obergaulinger and Obers, {Niels A.} and Roberto Oliveri and George Pappas and Vedad Pasic and Hiranya Peiris and Tanja Petrushevska and Denis Pollney and Geraint Pratten and Nemanja Rakic and Istvan Racz and Miren Radia and Ramazanouglu, {Fethi M.} and Antoni Ramos-Buades and Guilherme Raposo and Roxana Rosca-Mead and Marek Rogatko and Dorota Rosinska and Stephan Rosswog and Morales, {Ester Ruiz} and Mairi Sakellariadou and Nicolas Sanchis-Gual and Salafia, {Om Sharan} and Anuradha Samajdar and Alicia Sintes and Majda Smole and Carlos Sopuerta and Rafael Souza-Lima and Marko Stalevski and Nikolaos Stergioulas and Chris Stevens and Tomas Tamfal and Alejandro Torres-Forne and Sergey Tsygankov and Kivanc Unluturk and Rosa Valiante and Meent, {Maarten van de} and Jose Velhinho and Yosef Verbin and Bert Vercnocke and Daniele Vernieri and Rodrigo Vicente and Vincenzo Vitagliano and Amanda Weltman and Bernard Whiting and Andrew Williamson and Helvi Witek and Aneta Wojnar and Kadri Yakut and Haopeng Yan and Stoycho Yazadjiev and Gabrijela Zaharijas and Miguel Zilhao", note = "White Paper for the COST action {"}Gravitational Waves, Black Holes, and Fundamental Physics{"}, 272 pages, 12 figures; v4: updated references and author list. Overall improvements and corrections. To appear in Classical and Quantum Gravity", year = "2019", month = jun, day = "19", doi = "10.1088/1361-6382/ab0587", language = "English", volume = "36", journal = "Classical and Quantum Gravity", issn = "0264-9381", publisher = "IOP Publishing Ltd.", number = "14", }