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Parasit: swine

gongylonema pulchrum: phylum nematoda
gongylonema pulchrum: superfamily spiruroidea
gongylonema pulchrum: life cycle direct/indirect indirect
gongylonema pulchrum: IH dung beetles, cockroaches
gongylonema pulchrum: common name stitch worm
gongylonema pulchrum: where is it found on host? adult found in esophageal & lingual mucous membrane = characteristic grossly visible raised sinusoidal tracts
gongylonema pulchrum: importance condemnation of tongues for pickled pork tonuge
gongylonema pulchrum: LC embryonated eggs passed in feces & ingested by adult coprophagous beetles/larvae, worm larvae hatches, develops to L3; beetle ingested by DH; migrate stomach -> esoph mucosa, lays eggs as it goes
gongylonema pulchrum: ppp 8 wks
gongylonema pulchrum: control no treatment; prevent swine from consuming IH
ascarops strongylina: phylum nematoda
ascarops strongylina: superfamily spiruroidea
ascarops strongylina: direct/indirect LC indirect
ascarops strongylina: IH dung beetles
ascarops strongylina: paratenic hosts several, including rodents
ascarops strongylina: how are swine infected ingesting IH or PH containing l3 larvae
ascarops strongylina: infective stage L3
ascarops strongylina: where are adults found in host under gastric mucus layer on mucosal surface
ascarops strongylina: clinical effects gastritis, ulcers
ascarops strongylina: diagnosis? best at necropsy
physocephalus sexalatus: phylum nematoda
physocephalus sexalatus: superfamily spiruroidea
physocephalus sexalatus: direct/indirect LC indirect
physocephalus sexalatus: IH dung beetles
physocephalus sexalatus: how are swine infected ingesting IH containing L3 larvae
physocephalus sexalatus: infective stage L3
physocephalus sexalatus: where are they found in host adults live under gastric mucous layer on gastric mucosa
physocephalus sexalatus: clinical effect on host gastritis, occasional ulceration
superfamily spiruroidea: finding eggs don't float well; best recovered by sedimentatino
hyostrongylus rubidus: phylum nematoda
hyostrongylus rubidus: superfamily trichostrongyloide
hyostrongylus rubidus: indirect/direct LC direct
hyostrongylus rubidus: where are they found in pigs? stomach; adults live under gastric mucus layer on gastric mucosa & in gastric glands
hyostrongylus rubidus: what types of swine facilities are they most common in pastured pigs only
hyostrongylus rubidus: LC thin-shelled, segmented egg; embryonated form passed in feces; L3 ingested by pig, molt to L4/5 in mucosa
hyostrongylus rubidus: ppp 21 days
hyostrongylus rubidus: infective stage L3
hyostrongylus rubidus: hypobiosis? may lead to disase after removal from pasture; reactivate at parturition
hyostrongylus rubidus: repro product of female segmented egg
hyostrongylus rubidus: product passed in feces embryonated egg
hyostrongylus rubidus: pathology chronic wasting disease; larvae invade gastric glands: increased gastric pH, decreased plasma protein (like ostertagiasis in cow), gastritis, ulceration, anemia, anorexia, diarrhea, vomiting
PPRR periparturient relaxation of resistance: give birth = lose ability to immunologically resist nematode infections = increased eggs = increased larvae infective to piglets; important in hyostrongylus & oesophagostomum nematodes
hyostrongylus rubidus: Dx distinguish eggs from Oesophagostomum; fecal culture, develop to L3; larvae move rapidly
trichostrongylus axei: phylum nematoda
trichostrongylus axei: superfamily trichostrongyloidea
trichostrongylus axei: direct/indrect direct
trichostrongylus axei: where is it found in pig uncommon; stomach
trichostrongylus axei: clinical symptoms gastritis if in large numbers
ascaris suum: phylum nematoda
ascaris suum: superfamily ascaroidea
ascaris suum: distribution geographically worldwide
most economically important nematode of swine ascaris suum
ascaris suum: cross-infection hepatopulumonary migratino (liver to lung) when pigs/humans ingest infective eggs of each other's ascarid; doesn't usually produce infection
ascaris suum: LC direct/indirect direct
ascaris suum: transmammary/transplacental trans? neither
ascaris suum: repro product in feces egg single-celled, non-infective
ascaris suum: infective stage L2
ascaris suum: how is it in env't can live >5 years
ascaris suum: how to kill eggs drying, sunlight; flame, steam
ascaris suum: paratenic host bettle, earthworm
ascaris suum: LC L2 egg ingested, hatch in SI; molt to L3 in liver; hepatic-tracheal migration; coughed up, swallowed, final molts in SI
ascaris suum: ppp 6-8 weeks
ascaris suum: larval pathology host's immune response to antigenic excretory/secretory products of molting/migration; granulomas in liver become fibrotic (milk spot); lung hemorrhage, edema, WBC infiltration = pneumonia, bronchitis; secondary infection
ascaris suum: adult pathology damage mostly mechanical (large adults); reduced grwoth; may block bile/pancreatic ducts
ascaris suum: age of pig most infected young animals; resistant to reinfection after initial liver-lung migration
ascaris suum: mild disease cough, diarrhea, reduced weight gain, poor doer
ascaris suum: severe disease larval migration: exudate in lungs, cough, pneumonia, bronchitis, fatal
ascaris suum: control sanitation! all in, all out; flame/steam, high pressure hosing; treat sow before farrowing; eggs are sticky & resistant
globocephalus urosubulatus: phylum nematoda
globocephalus urosubulatus: superfamily ancyclostomatoidea
globocephalus urosubulatus: common name pig hookworm
globocephalus urosubulatus: geography worldwide
globocephalus urosubulatus: direct/indirect direct
globocephalus urosubulatus: clinical symptoms heavy infections may cause anemia; usually of minor importance
strongyloides ransomi: phylum nematoda
globocephalus urosubulatus: localization in swine small intestine
ascaris suum: localization in swine small intestine
strongyloides ransomi: superfamily rhabditoidea
strongyloides ransomi: geography worldwide
strongyloides ransomi: age most commonly affected young pigs
strongyloides ransomi: parasitic or free-living? both; only females are parasitic
strongyloides ransomi: repro product in feces larvated eggs
strongyloides ransomi: infective stage? how? L3, skin penetration of sweat glands / hair follicles
strongyloides ransomi: ppp 9 days after skin-tracheal migration; 4-6 days after transmammmary transmission
strongyloides ransomi: transmission/migration in naive host after skin penetration skin-tracheal migration; L3 travel venous system to lungs, molt to L4, up trachea, swallowed, pass to SI, final most
strongyloides ransomi: transmission/migration in resistant host after skin penetration skin-aortic migration; L3 migrate to lungs via venous system, don't molt, not coughed up; pass through lungs, heart, aorta -> disseminated to body tissues
strongyloides ransomi: ingestion of L3 from evn't - naive vs resistant host naive: L3 penetrate mouth -> venous system -> skin-tracheal migration; resistant: skin-aortic migratino
strongyloides ransomi: ingestion of L3 in colostrum ingest L3 larvae (had already undergone aortic migratino in sow); go to SI, develop to adults
strongyloides ransomi: pathology most severe in piglets up to weaning age; diarrhea, hemorrhagic; emaciation, stunting of growth; vomiting, anorexia, anemia; can be fatal
strongyloides ransomi: Dx thin-walled larvated eggs in fresh feces; baermann to ID hatched L1
strongyloides ransomi: control sanitation
macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus: phylum acanthocephala
macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus: common name thorny-headed worm
macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus: mono- or dioecious dioecious
macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus: body cavity? yes
macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus: how do they resemble cestodes lack mouth & alimentary tract; pseudo-segmented
do pigs have adult tapeworms? no; probably macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus if found in SI
macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus: repro product of female acanthor in egg
macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus: eggs in evn't resistant
macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus: direct/indirect LC indirect
macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus: IH larvae of june beetles/may beetles
macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus: LC IH (larvae of beetle) ingests egg, acanthor burrows into body cavity, develops into acanthella, 3 months - becomes infective cystacanth; pig ingests beetle, proboscis embeds into SI wall, grow to maturity in 2-3 months
macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus: ppp 9 weeks
macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus: pathology feeds by absorption; local inflammation, abscess; heavy infection = ulceration, perforation
macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus: clinical signs asymptomatic to severe, depend on # parasites; diarrhea; emaciation, anemia, abdominal pain
macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus: diagnosis eggs in feces: sedimentation; womrs expessed in feces
macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus: control raise pigs on concrete where beetle larvae cannot become infected
cystoisospora suis: phylum apicomplexa
cystoisospora suis: common name coccidia
cystoisospora suis: repro product passed in feces unsporulated oocyst
cystoisospora suis: form when sporulated 2 sporocytss each w/4 sporozoites
cystoisospora suis: direct/indirect lc direct
cystoisospora suis: age affected neonatal swine
cystoisospora suis: ppp 5 days
cystoisospora suis: where do merogony, gamogony, syngamy occur? gut epithelial cells (SI)
cystoisospora suis: pathology 20% of neonatal diarrhea in piglets 5-10 days old; villous atrphy in jejunum & ileum; diarrhea, dehyedration, emaciation; may be fatal; stunted growth
cystoisospora suis: infective stage sporulated oocyst
cystoisospora suis: control treat sows starting 2 weeks prior to farrowing; sanitation; solid immunity develops following exposure
eimeria: phylum apicomplexa
eimeria: type of protozoon coccidea
eimeria: repro product passed in feces unsporulated oocyst
eimeria: morphology when sporulated 4 sporocysts, each with 2 sporozoites
eimeria: infective stage sporulated oocyst
eimeria: age infected older animals = coccidiosis
eimeria: direct/indirect LC direct
eimeria debliecki: clinical signs diarrhea, not dysentery
most common eimeria of swine eimeria debliecki
eimeria debliecki: where is it located in swine SI
eimeria debliecki: ppp 7 days
eimeria debliecki: diagnosis clinical signs, history; oocysts in feces
eimeria debliecki: control sanitation, coccidiostats
eimeria scabra: importance most pathogenic eimeria coccidia of swine
eimeria scabra: where is it located in swine SI
eimeria scabra: clinical signs hemorrhagic enteritis
eimeria scabra: ppp 9 days
eimeria scabra: diagnosis clinical signs, history, oocysts in feces
eimeria scabra: control sanitation, coccidiostats
cryptosporidium parvum: phylum apicomplexa
cryptosporidium parvum: direct/indirect lc direct
cryptosporidium parvum: repro product in feces sporulated oocyst, infective
cryptosporidium parvum: age infected most ocmmon in 5-12 week old pigs; can occur in nursing piglets
cryptosporidium parvum: clinical signs diarrhea, ill thrift
cryptosporidium parvum: where are they found in pig SI; live on surface of epithelial cells that line gut (microvillus)
cryptosporidium parvum: zoonotic? possibly; other hosts - ruminants, horses humans
trichuris suis: phylum nematode
trichuris suis: superfamily trichuroidea
trichuris suis: geography worldwid
trichuris suis: common name whipworms
trichuris suis: location in host cecum
trichuris suis: direct/indirect direct
trichuris suis: repro product passed in feces egg, single-celled
trichuris suis: infective stage L1, embryonated egg; remain viable several years
trichuris suis: LC single-celled egg passed; L1 ingested, gatches in SI, larve molt in mucosa to adult (4 molts)
trichuris suis: ppp 6-7 weeks
trichuris suis: adult life span 4-5 months
trichuris suis: clinical signs req's large #s; diarrhea, anemia, anorexia; necrosis of caecal & LI mucosa; predisposed to other problems; signs 3 weeks after moving to infected premises (usually pasture); interferes w/growth; not a major pathogen
oesophagostomum dentatum, quadrispinulatum: phylum nematoda
oesophagostomum dentatum, quadrispinulatum: superfamily strongyloidea
oesophagostomum dentatum, quadrispinulatum: geography worldwide
oesophagostomum dentatum, quadrispinulatum: where is it located in swine LI
oesophagostomum dentatum, quadrispinulatum: importance nodules in intestinal wall; prevents use of intestine as sausage casing
oesophagostomum dentatum, quadrispinulatum: direct/indirect LC direct
oesophagostomum dentatum, quadrispinulatum: repro product in feces segmented eggs
oesophagostomum dentatum, quadrispinulatum: LC segmented eggs passed in feces, develop hatch, 2 molths in env't; L3 ingested, enter LI mucosa, nodule formation, emerge L4, molt to L5 in lumen
oesophagostomum dentatum, quadrispinulatum: infective stage L3
oesophagostomum dentatum, quadrispinulatum: how long do they spend in nodule primary infections - 2 weeks; sensitized host - months
oesophagostomum dentatum, quadrispinulatum: ppp 40-50 days
oesophagostomum dentatum, quadrispinulatum: clinical signs normally no effect; decreased grwoth rates; amage w/larval-induced reaction in intestinal wall interfering w/digestion, necrotic enteritis
oesophagostomum dentatum, quadrispinulatum: diagnosis fecal float; port mortem exam = nodules, adults; find eggs - incubate, distinguish from hyostrongylus rubidus
balantidium coli: phylum ciliophora
balantidium coli: kingdom protozoa
balantidium coli: geogrpahy worldwide; very common
balantidium coli: where is it found in pig colon, cecum
balantidium coli: 2 stages trophozoite: covered with cilia; cyst: infective, env'tally resistant; macronucleus & micronucleus in both
balantidium coli: LC direct/indirect direct
balantidium coli: how to trophozoites reproduce binary fission/conjugation
balantidium coli: hosts swine, man, primates, rarely dogs/cats
balantidium coli: pathology in swine normally nonpathogenic; potentially zoonotic; trophozoite - penetrate tissue, ulcers (secondary invaders); watery/hemorrhagic diarrhea; colitis, edematous congested mucosa; stunting of grwoth
balantidium coli: pathology in man/primates diarrhea, dysentery; lesions in intestine down to muscularis; uses dietary starch as food source
balantidium coli: control sanitation
liver flukes? 2 species fasciola hepatica, fascioloides magna
fasciola hepatica: common name common liver fluke
fascioloides magna: common name giant deer fluke
liver flukes: how common are they in swine very rare, except feral pigs living in swamps
liver flukes: control confine swine: prevent transmission; no effective drug approved for pigs
how is fascioloides magna infection similar to cattle? no eggs released into bile duct
liver flukes: necropy findings fasciola: within enlarged bile ducts; fascioloides: tracts of black pigment, flukes encapsulated in cysts
taenia hydatigena: class cestoda
taenia hydatigena: what stage is in swine larval sage only: cysticercus - translucent, fluid-filled cyst, single scolex
taenia hydatigena: geography worldwide
taenia hydatigena: IH pigs, ruminants
taenia hydatigena: DH canine
taenia hydatigena: direct/indirect host indirect
taenia hydatigena: LC dog (DH) passes gravid seg in feces, rupture, release eggs (embryophores), ing by IH; onchospheres released in intestine, burrow through wall, carried to liver via portal system; enter peritoneal cavity, attach to mesentery, develop into cysticercus
taenia hydatigena: clinical signs rarely any, if any, related to liver damage
taenia hydatigena: diagnosis necropsy, identification of cysticercus in abdominal cavity
taenia hydatigena: treatment & control no Tx for pig, treat dogs for adult tapeworms; avoid allowing pigs to eat infected dog feces
taenia hydatigena: importance liver condemnation - economic loss
echinococcus granulosus: class cestoda
echinococcus granulosus: stage in pigs? larval only - hydatid cyst (opaque, think-walled, fluid-filled) may be sterile or contain protoscolices w/in brood capsules
echinococcus granulosus: IH pigs, ruminants, horses, man
echinococcus granulosus: DH canids only
echinococcus granulosus: LC direct/indirect indirect
echinococcus granulosus: LC eggs contain onchospheres, released from proglottids shed by dog; pig eats egg, onchosphere travels from SI via portal vein, hydatid cyst in liver or lung; dog infected by eating hydatid cyst
echinococcus granulosus: importance liver condemnation; public health - eggs from canids can infect humans
echinococcus granulosus: clinical signs related to space-occupying lesion of liver/lung
echinococcus granulosus: treatment, control don't let swine or other IH eat dog feces; sanitation, clean up dog feces; deep dogs uninfected - limit access to infected meat
metastrongylus spp: phylum nematoda
metastrongylus spp: superfamily metastrongyloidea
metastrongylus spp: geography worldwide
metastrongylus spp: common name lungworms
metastrongylus spp: repro produced by female embryonated eggs
metastrongylus spp: LC direct/indirect indirect
metastrongylus spp: LC larvated eggs passed in feces, ingested by earthworm, L3 develop, pig ingests worm, lymphatic tracheal migration, adults in bronchi/bronchioles; eggs coughed up, swallowed, shed
metastrongylus spp: IH earthworm
metastrongylus spp: infective stage L3 in earthworm
metastrongylus spp: ppp 4 weeks
metastrongylus spp: clinical signs respiratory signs, pulmonary exudate/inflammation; consolidation of lungs from infiltrate, lymphoid hyperplasia, vesicular emphysema, cough (all progressive); usually almost asymptomatic
metastrongylus spp: age usually affected young pigs
metastrongylus spp: diagnosis larvated eggs after 3-4 wks PI; cough; metastrongyloidea in other hosts pass L1 larvae; post mortem exam
metastrongylus spp: treatment, control do not allow pigs to contact soil
metastrongylus spp: importance assoc w/other respiratory diseases; vector for swine influenza; enhances pathogenicity of most respiratory agents; interfere w/growth & feed conversion
stephanurus dentatus: phylum nematoda
stephanurus dentatus: superfamily strongyloidea
stephanurus dentatus: common name swine kidney worm
stephanurus dentatus: what type of swine is mainly affected feral swine
stephanurus dentatus: geography N/A america; asea, ussr, s africa, australia
stephanurus dentatus: location in host perirenal fat, liver, abdominal cavity; can be found in spinal canal or abscessed lesions in spleen, lung, pancreas, loin m
stephanurus dentatus: LC direct/indirect direct
stephanurus dentatus: infective stage L3
stephanurus dentatus: transmission orally, percutaneously, paratenic host (earthworm)
stephanurus dentatus: problem w/migrating larava may enter pregnant uterus & cause prenatal infection
stephanurus dentatus: migration to liver with oral transmission gastric mucosa (molt to L4), intestine - hepatic portal vein - liver
stephanurus dentatus: migratino to liver with percutaneous transmission molt to L4 - skin - venous syst - heart - lungs - heart - aorta - liver
stephanurus dentatus: LC - liver+ L4 wanders in liver (3-9 mo's), penetrate capsule, wander in peritoneal cavity to perirenal area, molt to L5; develop in cysts w/connecting channels to lumen of ureter, release eggs, shed in urine
stephanurus dentatus: ppp 9-16 months
stephanurus dentatus: clinical signs often related to aberrant migrations: spinal cord (paralysis), loin mm (abscesses), lungs, spleen, pancreas; liver damage, obstruction of portan vein, cirrhosis; reduced growth rate, anorexia, emaciation
stephanurus dentatus: diagnosis clinical signs; eggs in urine; post mortem; feral pigs - posterior paralysis
stephanurus dentatus: control breed gilts only, slaughter after 1st litter is weaned = no contamination of pasture; larvae in pastures viable 3-5 months; larvae in earthworms viable many months - pastures = continual source of infection; wash floor; confinement rearing
trichinella spiralis: phylum nematoda
trichinella spiralis: superfamily trichuroidea
trichinella spiralis: geography worldwide
trichinella spiralis: where are the adults found in swine? small intestine; rarely seen
trichinella spiralis: diagnostic stage encysted larvae; in straited muscles
trichinella spiralis: hosts most mammals (carnivores & cannibals)
trichinella spiralis: females vivi or oviparous viviparous
trichinella spiralis: importance potential public health problem
trichinella spiralis: direct/indirect life cycle direct
trichinella spiralis: LC L1 encapsulated in striated m, ingested by carnivore, grow to adult in SI, F moves to mucosa, lay L1, carried to mm, encapsulation
trichinella spiralis: how long do adults survive in SI 6 weeks
trichinella spiralis: life cycle length 7 weeks
trichinella spiralis: how long can larvae survive in muscle years
trichinella spiralis: epidemiology uncooked garbage important source; cannibalism; rats are reservoir; sylvatic cycles
trichinella spiralis: clinical signs in swine none
trichinella spiralis: clinical signs in humans enteritis, vomiting; edema, headache, photophobia, eosinophilia; muscular pain, myocarditis, meningoencephalitis; can be fatal
trichinella spiralis: Dx serology, trichiniscope
trichinella spiralis: control / treatment adult susceptible to most anthelminics; time temperature tables for cooking/drying/freezing to kill larvae; rid premise of rats; prevent canibalism
taenia solium: class cestoda
taenia solium: order cyclophylidea
taenia solium: phylum platyhelminthes
taenia solium: life cycle direct/indirect indirect
taenia solium: DH man (adult in SI)
taenia solium: IH swine (cysticercus in muscle)
taenia solium: aberrant IH man & other hosts - have cysticercus in tussues, often in CNS
taenia solium: geography worldwide
taenia solium: common name pearly pork, pork measles
taenia solium: what stage is in swine larval only (cysticercus) - small, translucent, fluid-filled cyst, single scolex
taenia solium: LC eggs/proglottid ingested by pig; onchosphere released in pig intestine, burrow through wall -> blood -> muscle; cysticercus in m (jaw, tongue, heart, diaphragm); human ingests infected meat - develop to adult in SI
taenia solium: public health importance human can be IH if eggs ar eingested; aberrant migration of cysticercus to CNS = neurocysticercosis
taenia solium: clinical signs none in pig; CNS disturbance in man, fatal; mild to intermittent digestive disorders (adult worm in SI of infected human)
taenia solium: control modern toilets, wash hands; cook pork thoroghly; wash cooking utensils
Spirometra mansonoides: class cestoda
Spirometra mansonoides: order pseudophylidea
Spirometra mansonoides: phylum platyhelminthes
Spirometra mansonoides: shapes of segments mature & gravid segmentsw wider than long
Spirometra mansonoides: what is on scolex 2 elongate grooves (bothria), organs of attachment
Spirometra mansonoides: LC direct/indirect indirect
Spirometra mansonoides: DH felid, canid, raccoon;
Spirometra mansonoides: common name bob cat tapeworm
Spirometra mansonoides: where is it found in DH SI
Spirometra mansonoides: IH first: copepods (procercoid larval stage); 2nd: amphibians, reptile, swine, human, rodetns (plerocercoid larval stage)
Spirometra mansonoides: PH frogs, snakes, swine, humans; infected with plerocercoid aquired from 2nd IH
Spirometra mansonoides: plerocercoid sparganum; white ribbon-like larvae; coiled in nodules in subQ tissue & muscle fascial planes & peritoneal cavity
Spirometra mansonoides: disease in humans sparganosis
Spirometra mansonoides: how ar ehumans infected drinking water containing infected copepods, eating uncooked plerocercoides or penetration of mucus membranes wounds by plerocercoids
Spirometra mansonoides: LC egg passed in feces of DH; hatch in water, rlease ciliated coracidium, ingested by copepods, Cyclops; procercoid develops in Cyclops, vertebrate host consumes cyclops; plerocercoid develops in 2nd IH, infective to PH or DH; develop to adult in SI of DH
Spirometra mansonoides: public health humans get sparganosis if ingest poorkly cooked meat; most plerocercoids found subcutaneous but can also be in abdominal cavity; found in high % feral pigs slaughtered for export in FL, TX
sarcocystitis: kingdom protozoa
sarcocystitis: phylum apicomplexa
sarcocystitis: LC direct/indirect indirect
sarcocystitis mieschariana: DH/IH DH canid, raccoon; IH swine
sarcocystitis porcifelis: DH/IH DH cat, IH swine
sarcocystitis suihominis: DH/IH DH man/primates, IH swine
sarcocystitis: what stage is found in endothelial cells of swine? meronts, rarely
sarcocystitis: what stage is found in muscle of IH cysts containing bradyzoites
sarcocystitis: infective stage mature cysts (ifective to DH)
sarcocystitis: life cycle DH infected by ingesting cysts from IH muscle; intestinal tract of DH - gametogony, syngamy, sporogony; oocyst wall ruptures - release sporocysts, ingested by IH, merogony in vasc endoth, reach m & form cysts (bradyzoites in cyst)
sarcocystitis: clinical signs rarely seen in pigs; abortions, poor grwoth rate; diarrhea in man
sarcocystitis: Dx post mortem, histopath
sarcocystitis: control prevent cats/dogs/ppl from defecating around pig feed
toxoplasma gondii: kingdom protozoa
toxoplasma gondii: phylum apicomplexa
toxoplasma gondii: indirect/direct LC indirect
toxoplasma gondii: DH cat; only host which produces oocysts
toxoplasma gondii: IH rodents, swine, ruminant, man, many mammals/birds
toxoplasma gondii: stages in swine tachyzoites, bradyzoites (cyst stage)
toxoplasma gondii: how serious is it in swine not very serious pathogen
toxoplasma gondii: transmission to swine IH infected by ingestion of oocysts, ingestion of cysts from tissue of other infected IH
toxoplasma gondii: public health zoites in tissues; pork may be most common source of human infection in US
toxoplasma gondii: control cook pork well; wash hands & cooking utensils
sarcoptes scabiei: species astigmatid mite (deep burrowing)
sarcoptes scabiei: etiologic agent of what? sarcoptic mange
sarcoptes scabiei: which stages on host all stages
sarcoptes scabiei: LC F tunnel into epidermis, deposit eggs; eggs hatch, larvae move to skin surface, develop to nymph, adult, mate
sarcoptes scabiei: length of cycle 2 weeks
sarcoptes scabiei: how is it spread direct contact
sarcoptes scabiei: cna it survive off host <2 days
sarcoptes scabiei: how does it spread amongst pigs? direct contact; ocmmonly sow to piglets
sarcoptes scabiei: zoonotic? potbellied pigs & owners may share infestation
sarcoptes scabiei: pathology digestive enzymes used to liquefy host skin = hypsersensitivity, pruritus, self-mutilation; skin thickened/scab/crack; secondary bacterial dermatitis; does NOT self-cure; reduce growth, feed efficiency
sarcoptes scabiei: site of predilection on host ear; may progress over rest of body
sarcoptes scabiei: diagnosis skin scraping: edge of several active lesions, draw capillary blood, oil to keep material together, get sufficient material
sarcoptes scabiei: treatment/control isolation, drugs, treat sow before farrowing & keep piglets isolated; once eliminated from herd, quarantine all new pigs
demodex phylloides: species prostigmatid mite
demodex phylloides: where does it live hair follicles, sebaceous glands
demodex phylloides: # legs on nymph/adult/larvae nymph/adults: 4 pair; larvae: 3 pair
demodex phylloides: what stages on host all stages
demodex phylloides: life cycle live in collicles (generation pd 3 wks); initially lives on face, then lesions appear on abdomen & groin
demodex phylloides: pathology pustules; no marked pruritus or other serious affliction
demodex phylloides: Dx finding typical Demodex mites in material expressed from nodules
demodex phylloides: importance only a small % of pigs have nodules; these should be considered immunodeficient & slaughtered
hematopinus suis: species louse (sucking louse)
hematopinus suis: common name hog louse
hematopinus suis: life cycle eggs attached to base of bristles, nymphs hatch & molt 3 times; adult lays eggs (generation pd 4-5 wks)
hematopinus suis: how does it do off host cannot live & reproduce off host
hematopinus suis: how is it spred DC
hematopinus suis: zoonotic? more likely than other lice to be temporary zoonosis
hematopinus suis: pathology frequent blood feeders; self-mutilation; lose condition; suspect as vectors of swine pox & eperythrozoonosis (Mycoplasma haemosuis)
hematopinus suis: where is it found on host ears, neck, tail base, groin, axilla
hematopinus suis: control ivermectin; sprays need to treat every inch of skin surface; otehr drugs
tunga penetrans: species siphonaptera (flea); burrowing
tunga penetrans: geography torpical america, africa
tunga penetrans: common name jigger, chigoe
tunga penetrans: where is it found on body female penetrates under skin of feet of pigs & people
tunga penetrans: importance secondary infectious agents may cause damage, gangrene, mastitis
pulex spp: species siphonaptera (flea)
pulex spp: importance transmission of disease-causing agents such as plague to swine/in contact mammals?
diptera: species flies
diptera: specific spp of importance stomoxys calcitrans (stable fly), musca domestica (house fly), tabanus spp (horse fly), chrysops spp (deer fly), mosquitoes, simulium spp (black fly)
diptera: LC complete metamorphosis; egg - larva - pupa - adult
diptera: where does stomoxys breed decaying organic material
diptera: where does musca breed decaying organic material
diptera: where does tabanus breed moist soil
diptera: where does chrysops breed moist soil
diptera: where do mosquitoes breed water
diptera: where do simulium breed water
diptera: what do they feed on blood (all except musca)
diptera: pathology annoyance; disrupt feeding, reduce weight gain, allergic reacion; disease transmission - eperythrozoonosis Mycoplasma haemosuis
diptera: disease transmittd mycoplasma haemosuis
diptera: control remove breeding area, wet feed, manure, standing water; enclose animals in screened housing; space & residual sprays of insecticide
Created by: shelbell8389










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