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Antihistamines inhibit: Histamines
What is the major usage of antihistamines? Dermatology and allergies
Where is histamine released from? Mast Cells
What is pruritus? Itchiness
What is a common allergic reaction? pruritus
Other than pruritus, what are 2 other adverse reactions seen with histamine release? hypotension and contriction of bronchioles
T/F - Antihistamines are anti-inflammatories. True
T/F - Antihistamines counteract histamines. False - they are a preventative and do not counteract
What is the major use of antihistamines in canines? atopy (allergies)
T/F - Antihistamines should be the first drug of choice. True
Clinical uses for antihistamines: pruritis (itching), urticaria (hives), laminitis, motion sickness, anaphylactic shock, reverse sneexe syndrome, heaves (equine asthma), feline asthma and upper respiratory tract infections
The most common side effect of antihistamines is: sedation or lethargy
What are some other side effects associated with antihistamine use: CNS excitation, birth defects (teratogenicity), anti-cholinergic action, rare agranulocytosis
What is a major contraindication with antihistamine use? Anticonvulsant drugs (phenobarbitol)
Diphenhydramine/Benadryl(R): Forms Most common, forms include oral caps and elixirs and injectables
Chlorpheniramine/Chor-trimetron(R) Common, not as effective for skin problems
Hydroxyzine/Atarax(R) Causes relaxation of skeletal muscles, less side effects than classic antihistamines, tab form, some analgesic effect
Dimenhydrinate/Dramamine(R) antiemetic
Pyrilamine Maleate/Histavet(R) Heaves in horses, LA, Granule form
Pramoxine/Relief(R) shampoos
Cyproheptadine side effect: PP, not first choice of antihistamine
Created by: k.jamie9










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