Seventeen Eighty Nine is an independent consultancy offering advice on animal health and welfare and the ethical aspects of animal use.
The principal focus of animal welfare in the laboratory and associated environments has developed and advice is also given to other sectors on welfare of animals in other areas such as zoos, farms, stables or as pets.

It is particularly noticeable how standards of animal welfare can vary between and within these different sectors for a wide variety of reasons, yet the animals’ perception of its welfare is not affected by its role.  Animal quality of life should be maximised as much as the constraints of its use permit in order that our use of animals remains within acceptable ethical boundaries.



T: +44 (0) 7850 779011
E: sarah.wolfensohn@1789.org.uk


'The question is not can they reason,
nor can they talk, but can they suffer?'
Jeremy Bentham, 1789