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Physical inactivity, tobacco use, and alcohol consumption are linked with increased morbidity and mortality. To improve public health services, we need to keep policymakers updated with health-related issues. Yet, there are limited numbers of recent research on the combination of those lifestyle behaviors as the determinants of self-rated health (SRH) in the US. Therefore, this study (1) examines the pattern of physical activities, smoking, alcohol consumption, and SRH, and (2) investigates the association between the behaviors and SRH status among US citizens. We extracted data from the latest state-based survey of the 2018 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), which provides a nationally representative sample of 437,436 American adults. We analyzed the data mainly employing chi-square tests and logistic regression models. Results indicate that physical inactivity and smoking are more common among participants with lower education and household income. Normal-weight individuals or those with higher education and income level are associated with drinking and optimal SRH. Younger ages smoke and report optimal SRH more often, whereas older adults tend to be more physically inactive. Women and people with chronic diseases tend to be less physically inactive, drink, and report optimal SRH than those in the same categories. Optimal SRH is less common among people who smoke and are physically inactive. People who have at least one drink monthly report optimal SRH more often than those who do not. We encourage policy formulators to maintain the public space, increase taxes on tobacco products, and make educational campaigns targeting the youth.


  • Linh Nguyen; Mamunur Rashid, PhD; and M Mazharul Islam, PhD

  • Department of Mathematics, DePauw University, Greencastle, IN

  • Supported by: DePauw University Faculty Development Committee