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BIOL 114

Ch 8: Cellular Reproduction: Cells from Cells Questions

Most of an organism's DNA is carried by its? chromosomes
Replication of chromosomal DNA occurs... before a cell divides This ensures that genetic material will be appropriately distributed to the daughter cells.
The cell cycle is a series of events that occur in which order? G1, S, G2, mitosis, cytokinesis
What is the correct order for the four main stages of mitosis? prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
What must happen before a cell can begin mitosis? The chromosomes must be duplicated.
The centrosomes move away from each other and the nuclear envelope breaks up during which phase of mitosis? Prophase
The chromosomes line up in the center of the cell during which phase of mitosis? Metaphase
The sister chromatids separate and begin moving toward opposite poles of the cell during which phase of mitosis? Anaphase
The chromosomes arrive at the poles and nuclear envelopes form during which phase of mitosis? Telophase
At the end of the mitotic (M) phase, the cytoplasm divides in a process called ? cytokinesis
In sexually reproducing multicellular organisms, the main functions of mitosis are... - tissue repair/replacement of damaged cells - growth and development
Which events occur during prophase? - Chromosomes condense and are attached to spindle fibers. - The nuclear envelope breaks down.
Cytokinesis... finishes mitosis by dividing the cytoplasm and organelles of the original parent cell into two separate daughter cells
During _____, the cell carries out its normal functions and the chromosomes are thinly spread out throughout the nucleus. interphase
Looking through a light microscope at a dividing cell, you see two separate groups of chromosomes on opposite ends of the cell. New nuclear envelopes are taking shape around each group. The chromosomes then begin to disappear as they unwind. You arewitnessing _____. telophase
What is the risk that someone in the United States will die of cancer? 1 in 5
The function(s) of meiosis is/are _____. reproduction (production of gametes)
Looking through a light microscope at a cell undergoing meiosis, you see that the chromosomes have joined into XX-shaped tetrads. These tetrads are lined up along a plane that runs through the center of the cell. This cell is in _____. meiosis I
Meiosis starts with _____ cells and produces _____ gametes. diploid ... haploid
Meiosis is typically accomplished in _____. three steps. All of the chromosomes are duplicated in a diploid cell, and then there are two cell divisions to produce a total of four haploid gametes.
The _____ separate in meiosis I; the _____ separate in meiosis II. homologous chromosomes ... sister chromatids
Meiosis starts with a single diploid cell and produces four haploid cells
A cell preparing to undergo meiosis duplicates its chromosomes during interphase
During prophase I of meiosis, homologous chromosomes stick together in pairs.
The correct order of events during meiosis is prophase I, metaphase I, anaphase I, telophase I, cytokinesis, meiosis II.
During meiosis, segments of nonsister chromatids can trade places. This recombination of maternal and paternal genetic material is a key feature of meiosis. During what phase of meiosis does recombination occur? prophase I Segments of nonsister chromatids trade places during prophase I, resulting in recombination.
Meiosis and cytokinesis result in the formation of __________. four haploid cells
Which processes lead to most genetic variation in sexually reproducing organisms? - crossing over - random fertilization - independent orientation of chromosomes in meiosis
Orientation of homologous pairs of chromosomes at metaphase I results in alternative arrangements that contribute to genetic variation in offspring. The orientation is called _____. independent assortment
Crossing over is __________. the exchange of corresponding portions of homologous chromosomes
Sexual reproduction requires the cellular process of _____ followed by _____. meiosis ... fertilization Meiosis produces gametes, and a gamete from one individual unites with a gamete from another individual during fertilization.
A typical body cell with 23 pairs of chromosomes is called a _____. somatic cell
Created by: EdL










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